Microbiology 408: Virology Learning Objectives/Study Guide for Exam 1 These questions are meant to supplement the homework

assignments and the Acheson review questions.

1. Be the Virus - You are a (-) sense enveloped RNA virus that induces an acute infection in respiratory epithelial cells. a. What are the components of your virion? b. In general, how do you accomplish each step in your replication cycle. c. List the host defense mechanisms you encounter as you try to establish a productive infection. d. How do you successfully avoid these host defense mechanisms? 2. You are at the Thanksgiving dinner table and your grandmother wants to know more about the HPV vaccine? She has heard that the vaccine is comprised of an empty virion, but doesnt understand what that means and why it would be a safe and effective vaccine. You answer her questions by providing the following information. a. What is a virion ? b. Where are "protective antigens" of viruses located ? c. How does HPV cause cervical cancer anyway? 3. 4. What is a fusion protein. What events trigger the activation of a fusion protein? Do non-enveloped viruses have a fusion protein? Why or why not. How do retroviruses cause oncogenic transformation to the cell? What are the similarities and differences among the non-enveloped, naked DNA viruses with respect to: a. Size, make-up and complexity of genome b. Initiation/priming of DNA replication c. Mode/mechanism of DNA replication DNA virus proteins interact with Rb to induce the cell to enter the S (DNA synthesis) phase of the cell cycle. For each of the viruses listed, indicate the viral protein that interacts with Rb and how that interaction induces transition to S phase. a. Adenovirus b. SV40 virus c. Human Papilloma virus Many virus infections are characterized by temporal patterns of viral gene expression. Compare/contrast mechanisms of temporal gene expression in polyoma viruses, herpesviruses and lentiviruses. Give three ways that small DNA tumor viruses and retroviruses display the principles of genetic economy. For each, illustrate the mechanism with a specific

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