English Spelling Rules

Writing (and therefore spelling) is a representation of the spoken word. The spoken
word is not a representation of writing. Because accents and pronunciation can change
easily and quite quickly, whereas what is written in books and dictionaries remains
"fixed" for years, as well as for various historical reasons, there is often little
correspondence between spoken English (pronunciation) and written English
(spelling). English spelling therefore often appears to be totally illogical. The
following rules can help you to decode the mysteries of English spelling. But
remember, even the best rules have their exceptions.

• Adding -er/-est

quick, quicker, quickest, happy, happier, happiest, hot, hotter, hottest...

• Adding -ing/-ed

work, working, worked, stop, stopping, stopped...

• Adding -ly

loud, loudly, happy, happily, terrible, terribly...

• Adding -s

dog, dogs, church, churches, wife, wives...

• -ible or -able

accessible, visible, dependable, networkable...

• -ie- or -ei-

friend, fiend, feint, freight...

• British and American English Spelling Differences

colour, color, practise, practice, tyre, tire...