INVENTIONS & DISCOVERIES

Pioneers in Science Inventions and discoveries in Physics and Chemistry AndersonDiscovered positive electrons. ArchimedesDiscovery of the Principles of lever and of specific gravity; invention of the famous Archimedean screw. AvogadroAn Italian scientist known for Avogadros Hypothesis. BacquerelRadio-activity of uranium. BairdTelevision. Baron NapierLogarithms. Benjamin FranklinInvented lightning conductor. BessemerSteel smelting process. Bhabha, Dr H.J.Research in Cosmic rays and Quantum theory. BinetIntelligence Test. Birbal SahniResearches in Botany. Bose, J.C.Invented Crescograph and published many works on plant physiology. He discovered that plants have sense and perception. Bose, S.N.Discovery of a group of nuclear particles named after him Boson. BoyleBoyles law; Pressure x volume = constant at a constant given temperature. Boyle was the greatest scientist of England in his time. BohrElectron TheoryAtomic structure. Braun, Dr Wernher vonspace flying. BunsenInvention of the spectroscope. CarothersNylon plastics. CavendishDiscovery of chemical composition of water; discovery of hydrogen (Inflammable Air); rare gases. ChadwickDiscovery of the neutron. ChandrasekharMathematical Astrophysics. Charles DarwinTheory of Evolution; Origin of Species. Clarke, Arthur C.Concept of Geostationary Orbit. Curie, MadameDiscovery of radium. DaltonAtomic theory; laws of chemical combination; law of partial pressures; the law of multiple proportions. DemocritusGreek philosopher(Atomic theory). DewarInvented cordite, liquid oxygen and introduced thermos flask. EinsteinTheory of relativity. EuclidScience of geometry. FahrenheitFahrenheit mercury thermometric scale in which freezing point is 32 and boiling point is 212. FaradayElectromagnetic induction and laws of electrolysis. FermiDiscovered artificial splitting of atoms. FreudDoctrine of Psycho-analysis. Gay LussacLaw of gases. GaussSystem of absolute electric measurements. Good YearDiscovered the art of vulcanising rubber. Herschel, WilliamDiscovered the PlanetUranus. HertzElectrical waves. HippalusFounder of scientific astronomy.

HoffmannDiscovered the first aniline dye. Kelvin, LordDynamical theory of heat. Khorana, Dr HargobindDeciphering the genetic code. KodakFilm and photographic goods. LablancManufacture of washing soda. LawrenceInvention of cyclotron. LockyerHelium gas. Louis BraillePerfected his system of reading and writing for the blind. MarconiWireless telegraphy; radio. Maria-MontessoriMontessori method of teaching children. MaxwellElectro-magnetic Theory of Light. Meghnad SahaEffect of pressure on Radiation through bodies. MendelLaws of heredity. MandeleevPeriodic Table. MorseMorse system of electric telegraphy. NewtonLaws of gravitation; Law of Motion. NobelDynamite. Oliver LodgePhysicist. Researches in wireless communications. OppenheimerResearches in atomic theory. Otto HahnDiscovery of uranium fission. ParkesCelluloid. ParsonsSteam turbine. PavlovTheory of Conditioned Reflex. PerkinMauve dye. PitmanFounded the Pitman system of phonographic shorthand. PlanckQuantum theory. PlimsollIntroduced a line of demarcation on the ships beyond which the ships cannot be loaded. PriestleyDiscovery of Oxygen. Raman, C.V.Raman Effect on polarisation of light and theories on crystals and diamond formation. RamanathanMolecular scattering of light in fluids. RamanujamA great Indian mathematician. RamsayDiscovery of Inert gases such as Argon, Neon, Helium etc. Ray, P.C.Researches in chemistry. RegnaultExperiments in regard to the physical properties of bodies and their relation to heat. Roger BaconGun powder. RontgenDiscovery of X-rays. RohmkorffInduction coil. RutherfordAtomic Research; succeeded in splitting the atom for the first time in 1918. ShalimarPaints. StephensonBritish engineer and pioneer in Railways. He was the first to put a locomotive on the line that was able to draw a train of 31 carriages. Thomson, J.J.Discovered electron. TraversDiscovery of Neon gas (Working with Ramsay). UreyDiscovery of Heavy Hydrogen. VoltaCurrent electricity and electric battery. Pioneers in Mechanical Inventions and Discoveries

AustinMotor Car. Bell, GrahamTelephone. BerlinerMicrophone. BrequetHelicopter. BushwellSubmarine. CaxtonPrinting Press. ColtRevolver. DaimlerGas engine. DavyMiners Safety Lamp. DieselInternal Combustion engine (Diesel engine). DunlopPneumatic tyre. EdisonFirst electric bulb and gramophone. FaradayDynamo. FickLaw of DiffusionFicks Law. Frank WhittleJet propulsion. FultonStream boat. GalileoTelescope. GilletteSafety razor. GuttenburgArt of Printing. HoeRotary Printing Press. HoweSewing Machine. HuygensPendulum clock. James WattSteam engine (patented in 1769). Landstrom, J.E.Safety Matches. MacmillanBicycle (1842). MauserMagazine of rifle. MercatorCelestial and a terrestrial globe. MontgolfierBalloon (1883) PascalCalculating Machine. Puckle, JamesMachine gun ShockleyTransistor. SholesTypewriter. StephensonRailway engine. SwintonMilitary tank. TorricelliBarometer. Watt, Robert WatsonRadar. W. & O. Wright (Wright Brothers)Aeroplane (1903). WatermanFountain pen. ZeissLenses; Camera. Pioneers in Medical Inventions and Discoveries BantingInsulin (as a palliative for diabetes). Barnard, ChristianReplacing the human heart. Brahmchari, U.M.Cure of Kala-a-zar fever. DavyIsolation of metals by electricity; studied properties of chlorine. DomagkSulpha drugs as bactericides. EijkmanCause of Beri-Beri. FinsenDiscovered curative effect of ultra violet rays; photography.

Fleming, AlexanderPenicillin (in 1929). HarveyCirculation of blood. HahnemannHomoeopathy (founder). Hopkins, Frederick GowlandVitamin D. JennerSmallpox Vaccination. KochTubercle Bacillus. LainnecStethoscope. Lister, LordAntiseptic treatment. Pasteur, LouisTreatment of rabies; cure of hydrophobia. Ronald RossMalaria Parasite. Salk, Jonas E.Anti-polio Vaccine. Simpson and HarrisonChloroform. WaksmanStreptomycin.