Chapter 1: History

of Electronics
BY: IVY DILLA BTLED 3-B IA
Electronics is the science of how to control electric
energy, energy in which the electrons have a fundamental
role. Electronics deals with electrical circuits that involve
active electrical components such as vacuum tubes,
transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated
passive electrical components and interconnection
technologies.
Who is the Father of Electronics?
Michael Faraday was
born on September 22,
in 1791. Charles
Ludwig retells Michael
Faraday's remarkable life
story in fictionalized form.
 Facts about the Father of Electronics
• Michael Faraday is responsible
for the extensive study of
electromagnetism, a field that
changed the way human beings
lived on this planet. In order to
pay homage to him, Farad, a unit
used to measure electrical
capacitance, is named after
Faraday.
• In 1824 Faraday invented the rubber balloon. He
made balloons by cutting two sheets of rubber
and pasting together their edges. He then filled
the balloons with hydrogen. These balloons were
used for his experiments on electromagnetism.
• In 1826, Faraday had founded the Royal
Institution of London's famous Friday Evening
Discourses and the Christmas Lectures. Both of
these practices continue to this day.
Inventors in history of
electronics
 Luigi Galvani was a professor in the University of Bologna. He studied the effects of
electricity on animals, especially on frogs. With the help of experiments, he showed the
presence of electricity in frogs in the year 1791.
 Charles Coulomb was a great scientist of the 18th century. He experimented with the
mechanical resistance and developed coulomb’s law of electro-static charges in the year
1799.
 Allesandro Volta was an Italian scientist. He invented battery in the year 1799. He was
the first to develop a battery (Voltaic cell) that could produce electricity as a result of chemical
reaction.
 Hans Christian Oersted showed that whenever a current flows through a conductor, a
magnetic field is associated with it. He initiated the study of electromagnetism and discovered
Aluminum in the year 1820.
 George Simon Ohm was a German physicist. He experimented with the electrical
circuits and made his own part including the wire. He found that some conductors worked
when compared to others. He discovered Ohms law in the year 1827, which is a relation
between current, voltage& resistance. The unit for resistance is named after him.
 James Clerk Maxwell was a British physicist, and he wrote treatise on
magnetism and electricity in the year 1873. He developed the electromagnetic
field equations in the year 1864. The equations in it were explained and predicted
by hertz’s work and faradays’ work. James Clerk Maxwell formulated an important
theory – that is, electromagnetic theory of light.
 Henrich Rudolph Hertz was a German physicist born in 1857 in Hamburg.
He demonstrated the electromagnetic radiation predicted by Maxwell. By using
experimental procedures, he proved the theory by engineering instruments to
transmit and receive radio pulses. He was the first person to demonstrate the
photo-electric effect. The unit of frequency was named Hertz in his honorarium.
 Andre Marie Ampere was a French mathematician and physicist. He studied
the effects of electric current and invented solenoid. The SI unit of electric current
(the Ampere) was named after him.
 Karl Friedrich Gauss was a physical scientist and a greatest German mathematician.
He contributed to many fields like algebra, analysis, statistics, electrostatics and astronomy.
The CGS unit of magnetic field density was named after him.
 Wilhelm Eduard Weber was a German physicist. He investigated terrestrial magnetism
with his friend Carl fried rich. He devised an electromagnetic telegraph in the year 1833, and
also established a system of absolute electrical units, and the MKS unit of flux was named
after Weber.
 Thomas Alva Edison was a businessman and an American inventor. He developed
many devices like, practical electric bulb, motion picture camera, photograph and other such
things. While inventing the electric lamp, he observed the Edison effect.
 Nikola Tesla invented the Tesla coil; the Tesla induction motor; alternating current (AC);
electrical supply system that includes a transformer; 3-phase electricity and motor. In 1891,
Tesla coil was invented and used in electronic equipment, television and radio sets. The unit
of magnetic field density was named after him.
 Gustav Robert Kirchhoff was a German physicist. He developed Kirchhoff’s law that
allows calculation of the voltages, currents and resistance of electrical networks.
 James Prescott Joule was a brewer and an English physicist. He discovered
the law of conservation of energy. The unit of energy – Joule was named in his
honor. To develop the scale of temperature, he worked with Lord Kelvin.
 Joseph Henry was an American scientist, and independently discovered
electromagnetic induction in the year 1831 – a year before faraday’s discovery. The
unit of induction was named after him.
 Lee de forest was an American inventor, and he invented the first triode
vacuum tube: Audi on tube in 1906. He was honored as the father of radio.
 Walter schottky was a German physicist. He defined shot noise-random
electron noise in thermionic tubes, and invented the multiple grid vacuum tube.
 Edwin Howard Armstrong was an inventor and an American electrical
engineer. He invented electronic oscillator and regenerative feedback. In 1917, he
invented super-heterodyne radio and patented FM radio in the year 1933.
THANK YOU!