Types of Shirk Lam

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[ Malayalam - ] -
@

) (

CkvemanIv INd sk
Zmw kuZn Atd_- y -

inv hnhcWw, hn`P\w, hn[nI

1

:
hnh\w: Ap Pm Ap

web edition by :
tIm]tdohv Hmôkv t^m Im &
ssKUkv
d_vh dnbmZv kuZn Atd_y

1431 2010


2

hnhIpdnv

inpambn _s, AXns hnhcWw, hn`P
\w, hn[nI, A]IS Fo hnjbfn
kp{][m\ fmb GXm\pw tNmZyfpw Ahv kpDuZn
Atd_ybn se "APv\pmCax en_plqYn
hC^vXm' (s]sa \v Inn t^m C^vXm)
\Inb ^XvhIfpw hnh \w
sNbvXpXmdmnbXmWv Cu sNdpIrXn. {Kn
s Ahkm\n, CkvXnKmYxbpsS hnjbn ]mSp
Xpw ]mSnmXpamb hi AdnbpXn\pthn
Hcp A\p_ Ipdnv \Inbnpv. tUm. aplZv
Aivd^v auehn Ad_nbn Xmdmnb Hcp {]_w
"hnip IzpB Bib hnh\ns hnImk N
cn{Xw aebmfn' Ft]cn hnh\w sNbvX {K
n\nmWv {]kvXpX Ipdnv FSpnpXv.
Amlp,hn\v am{XamWv lwZpI apgph\pw.
C Xns ]cntim[\ \Sn Bhiyamb XncpepI
\InbXv _lpam\y aplZv kzmZnIzv AaZ\nbpw
jd^po ]qpd AhIfpamWv.
\mYm, RfpsS I ]pWyfmbn \o kzo
IcntWta...., \msf alvidm hk`bn \ns
Ain \v Xmsg XWteIn \o Rsf
A\p{KlntWta.......,

Ap Pm Ap


3

Hv

inpAIv_dpw
inpAkzvKdpw
Xnep hyXymk

? inpAIv_dpw inpAkzvKdpw (henb
inpw sNdnb inpw) Xn \nN\nepw
hn[nIfnepw hy Xymk FsmamWv?

inp AIv_:
inpAIv_ Fm a\pjy Amlp,hn\v ka
msc \nbnemWv. kamsc \nbn Amlp
,hns \mafnepw hntijWfnepw Ah\v Xpeys\
\nbn sImpmIpw. AYhm, Amlp,hns
\masmv Ah\mhv \maIcWw
sNpI, Ahs hntijWsmv
Ah\mhsc hntijn npIbpw sNpI. Amlp
, ]dp:

|Amlphn\v Ghpw \ t]cpIfpv. AXn\m B

t] cpIfn Ahs\ \n hnfnpsImpI, Ahs
t]cp Ifn Ir{Xnaw ImWnphsc \n


4

hnpIfbpI. A h sNbvXphcpXns êw Ahp
hgnsb \Is Spw.~ (hn. Izp. AAAvdm^v: 180)
Amlp,hn\v {]tXyIamb \masImv A
h\mhv \maIcWw sNepw Ah\v {]tXyIam
b hntijW sImv Ah\mhsc hntijnn
epw Ahs \mafn Ir{Xnaw ImWnpXn
s] XmWv.
C_mZn Amlp,hn\v Xpeys\ \nbn
sImpw Ah\v kamsc kzoIcn Dmbno
cpw. Amlp,hn\v {]tXyIamb ]pWyI AYhm,
\akvImcw, {]iv\koWXIfnepw {]bmkfnepap
klmbm\, KpWw t\Sphm\p klmbtXw,
ZpcnXw \ophm\pw B{Klw kêoIcnphm\pw apw
acWs htcmtSm AZriycmbhtcmtSm Dbp hnfn
XpSnb h, kqcy, N{, \_n, aev, henv,
XpSnbhv hn\ b]qw sNpI. ChIfpw Ch
t]mephbpw Amlp , Amhp
C_mZpw Amlp,thmsSmw ] mfnsb
kzoIcnepamWv. Amlp , ]dp:

|(\_ntb,) ]dbpI: Rm \nsftmsebp Hcp

a\p jy am{XamIpp. \nfpsS Bcm[y GI
Bcm[y am{XamsWv F\nv t_m[\w
\IsSpp. AXn \m hh\pw Xs


5

cnXmhpambn IpapWsav
B{Klnppshn Ah kIw
{]hnpI bpw, Xs cnXmhn\p
Bcm[\bn bmsXmns\ bpw
]ptNmXncnpIbpw sNbvXpsIms.~ (hn. Izp.
AIlv^v: 110)
Bcm[\Ifn Amlp,hns\ GI\mWsa
dnbnp BbpI CXpt]mse [mcmfamWv.
XivcoC(aX\nba\nmWn)
Amlp,hn \v Xpeys\ \nbn sImpw Ah\v
kamsc \n bn DmIpw. Amlp,sh
IqSmsX asmcp \nba\nmXmhns\ kzoIcnpI
Asn aX\nba \nmWn Amlp,hn\v
]mfnsb kzoIcnpI bpw {]kvXpX ]mfnbpsS
hn[nsb Xr]vXnsSpI, Bcm [\, kmao]yw, hn[n,
Xfn ]cnlmcw Fo\neI fn {]kvXpX
]mfnbpsS hn[nsImv lememnbpw ldmamnbpw
AXn\v IogvsSpI, {]kvXpX ]mfnbpsS hn[nsb
aXambnnsnepw Ans\ hn[npXv
A\phZ\obambn ImWpI Fns\sbmw
XivcoC (aX\nba \nmWn) Amlp,hn\v
Xpeys\ \n bnepmIpw. Cu hnjbn
PqXssIkvXhsc Ipdn v Amlp , ]dbpp:

|AhcpsS ]WvUnXamscbpw ]ptcmlnXamscbpw


6

a bans aI\mb akolns\bpw Amlphn\v ]pdsa
A h cnXmfmbn kzoIcnp. Fm
GIssZhs Bcm[nm am{Xambncpp Ah
I]nsncp Xv. Ah\msX bmsXmcp
Bcm[y\pan. Ah ]p tNpXn\nv
Ahs\{Xtbm ]cnip!~ (hn. Izp. Au_x : 31)
Amlp,hns hn[nbm hn[nbn
Xr]vXns SpI, Amlp,hns hn[nbntev
hn[ntXSntmIpXn hnapJ\mhpI, Amlp,hns
hn[nbn\nv sXn ù XnI \nbafntepw
tKm{X]camb k{Zmbfnte pw apw
hn[ntXSntmhpI Fo hnjbfn hXmb
BbpIfpw lZoYpIfpw CXpt]mse thtdbpapv.
Cu aqv C\fpamIpp henb inv. henb
inv {]hnpIbpw hnizknpIbpw sNph
CkvemanI ann\nv ]pdmhpIbpw aX]cnXymKn
bmhpIbpw sNpw. henb inv sNbvXh acWs
m Ahs P\mkx \akvIcnsSpIbn. apkvenw
IfpsS aIzv_dIfn Ah adamSsSpIbn. Ahs
kv A\csaSpsSpIbn; {]XypX, Ahs
k v ss_p amentev tNsSpw. Ah
Adp Xv `nsSpIbn. Ahs\ h[n
\n_am sWv hn[nsSpIbpw apkvenw
`cWm[nImcn Ahs\ h[npXv GsSppIbpw
sNpw. Fm, `cWm[n Imcn Ah\n h[in
\SmpXn\papv Aht\mSv Xu_x sNphm
BhiysSWw. Ah Xu_x sN bvXm Ahs


7

Xu_x kzoIcnsSpIbpw h[in bn\nv Ah
HgnhmsSpIbpw apkvenwItfmSv s]
cpamdpXpt]mse Aht\mSv s]cpamdpIbpw thWw.

inp AkzvK

henbinntev ]gpXmhpIbpw AXn B]Xnnp
hm amamhpIbpw aXw hntcm[npIbpw sNbvX
F mw inpAkzvK(sNdnb inv) BIpp.
{]amW fn AXn\v ins \maIcWw
hncnpp. Amlp, Amhscsmv kXyw
sNpXv DZml cWw. ImcWw, Amlp,
Amhscsmv kXyw sN henbinntev
DXnphogphm\p thZnbm Ipp. AXn\memWv
\_n, AXv hntcm[nXv. Atlw ]dXmbn
C{]Imcw ncsncnpp:

((AdnbpI, \nbw \n \nfpsS ]nXmsfsm
v kXywsNpXv Amlp hntcm[npp. hh\pw
k Xyw sNpIbmsWn Ah Amlpshsmv
kXyw sNs Asn
anmXncns.))(_pJmcn,apkvenw) am {Xhpa,
Amlp, Amhscsmv kXyw sNp hs\
inv sNphs\v {]hmNI hntijnnp.
C_v\p Dadn\nv \nthZ\w. \_n ]dp:


8

((hh\pw, Amlp Amhscsmv
kXywsNbvXm Xobmbpw Ah inv sNbvXp.))
1

ImcWw, Amlp, Amhscsmv kXyw
sNpXn Ahsc BZcnp hjbnep
AXncp IhnnemWpXv. Amlp,
Amhscsmv kXyw sNptm AhtcmSp
AXncphn BZchv inp AIv_dn sNspw.
inpAkzvKdns asmcp
DZmlcWns XmWv apkvenwIfn
[mcmfamfpIfpsS \mhpIfn hp t]mIp
"Amlphpw \nfpw DtinXv ', "Amlphpw \nfpw
Cmbncppshn' FpXpSnb hmpI.
Xobmbpw {]hmNI Ans\ ]dbpXv
hntcm[n p. Ans\ ]dht\mSv:

((GI\mb Amlp am{Xw DtinXv.))
2
Asn

((Amlphpw ]noSv \nfpw DtinXv))
3
Fv ]dbp
hm Atlw \ntinp.

1
apkv\ZpAlvaZv, XnapZn, lmInw. A_m\n lZoYns\ kzlo
slv hntijnnnpv.
2
apkv\ZpAlvaZv, \kmC, C_v\pamPx. A_m\n lZoYns\
kzloslv hntijnnnpv.
3
kp\\p C_v\namPx. A_m\n lZoYns\ kzloslv hnti
jnnnpv.


9

{]m]nI hkvXpfpsS kw`hyX Dtinp
Xn Amlp,hn\v ]pImcpsv
hnizknmepmIp henb inns\ XSbnSphm\mWv
Ans\ ]dbp Xv hntcm[npIbpw Ans\
]dht\mSv Xncpp hm \ntinpIbpw
sNbvXXv.
"Rm Amlphnepw Xmfnepw `ctanncnp
p', "tImgnbpsS Iqhepw Xmdmhns Icnepw Cmbn
cppshn hn`h tamnsSpambncpp'
XpSn b hmpIfpw henb inntev IhmSw
Xpdp in pAkzvKdns DZmlcWfmWv.
C_mZpIfn, Ifnepw hmpIfnepw
t\cn btXmXn DmIp temIam\yX henb
inntev \bnp inpAkzvKdnsXmWv.
P\ ImWp Xn\pthn Nne k`fn
\akvImcw ZoLnnp I, P\ tIphm\pw
]pIgvphm\pw Nnetm IzpB ]mcmbWhpw
ZnIvdpsNmepw DnempI Fnh AXns
DZmlcWfmWv.
alvaqZv _v\pe_oZn;\npw \nthZ\w:
Amlp hns dkq ]dp:

((\nbw, Rm \nfn `bpXn Ghpw `bm
\IambXv inpAkzvK BIpp.)) Ah


10

tNmZnp: Amlphns XncpZqXtc, FmWv
inpAkzvK? Atlw ]dp: ((temIam\yX.))
1

Fm, Bcm[\I kaqeambnXs
temIam \yXbmemsX \nlnmh AYhm
temIam\yX bnmbncppshn \akvIcnpItbm
t\msSppI tbm ZnIv sNmpItbm IzpB
HmXpItbm sNm h, Ah henbinv
sNp apivcnIv BIpp. Ah
I]ShnizmknbpamIpp. Ccw I]ShnizmknI sf
Ipdnv Amlp , ]dp:

|Xobmbpw I]ShnizmknI Amlpsh
hnphm t\mpIbmWv. bYmXvYn Amlp
AhscbmWv hnpXv. Ah \akvImcn\v
\nm DZmko\cm bnsmpw, BfpIsf
ImWnphm thnbpamWv \npXv. Ipdv

1
apkv\ZpAlvaZv. A_m\nbpw ipsF_v AA\mDuXzpw
lZoYns\ kzloslv hntijnnnpv.


11

am{Xta Ah Amlpsh Hmanp Ibpq. Cu
Inbntetm, B Inbntetm tNcm sX
AXn\nSbn BSnsmncnphcmWh. hh
s\bpw Amlp hgn]ngnm Ah\v ]ns Hcp am
hpw \o IspIbn. kXyhnizmknItf, \n
kXyhn izmknIsfbmsX Dan{Xfmbn kzoIcncpXv.
Amlp hn\v \nsXncn hyIvXamb
sXfnhpmnshp hm \n B{Klnppthm?
Xobmbpw I]Shn izmknI \cIns
ASnnemIpp. Ahsmcp klmbnsbbpw \o
IspX. Fm ]ivNm ]nv aSpIbpw,
\ne]mSv \mpIbpw, Amlpsh
apdpsI]nSnpIbpw, XfpsS aXs \njvIfambn
Amlphn\pthn BpIbpw sNbvXh CXn \n
smgnhmIpp, Ah kXyhnizmknItfmsSmamIpp.
kXyhnizmknIv Amlp almb {]Xnêw
\Ip XmWv.~ (hn. Izp. AnkmAv: 142 -146)
IzpZvknbmb lZoYn hXmb Amlp,hns
hN\w Ahcn kXyambn ]pencnpp. Amlphn
s dkq ]dp:

((Amlp , ]dncnpp: inv sNphcpsS
in ns\sXmv Rm [\y\mWv. Bscnepw Hcp
Imcyw {]hnpIbpw FnXn Rm\mhsc
]mfn IfmpIbpw sNppshn Aht\-bpw


12

Ahs in nt\bpw Rm hnpIfncnpp.))
(apkvenw)
inpAkzvKdn B]Xnh CkvemanIan
n\nv ]pdmhpIbn. Fm AXv inp
AIv_dn\v tijap h]m]fn Ghpw henb ]m]
amIpp. AXn\memWv Apmlv C_v\p akvDuZv ;
C{]Imcw ]dXv:

""Rm Ifhp ]dbph-\mbn Amlphns\smv k
Xyw sNemWv kXyw ]dbph\mbn Amlp
Amh sc sImv kXyw sNpXnt\m
F\nv CIcw.''
1

AXn\m, Ah\pambn _s
hn[nIfns XmWv, apkvenwItfmSp s]cpamamWv
Aht\mSv s]cp amtdXv. Ah Ahs
_ptfbpw Ah Aht\ bpw aXn hnhcWw
hX\pkcnv A\csaSp pw. acnm Ahs
P\mk \akvIcnsSpw. apkvenw IfpsS aIzv_dIfn
Ah adamSsSpw. Ah Adp Xv `nsSpw.
XpSnb CkvemanI \nba. Ah \cIn
imizX hmknbmIn; \cIn {]thinn
smXs Ahs hn[n AlveppxbpsS ASp
h]m]nbpsS hn[nbmbncnpw. (AYhm, HpIn
Ah Amlp,hns ImcpWym inbn\nv

1
apkz^v, A_vZpdkmIzv. apAvPap Xz_dm\n. A_m\n
AY dns\ kloslv hntijnnnpv.


13

ap\mtbpw Asn Xs Ipn\p in
Ignm Ah \cIn\nv ]pdpISpw.
hnhx) JhmcnPv, apAvXknev InIfpsS
hoWv FXncmWv AlveppxbpsS hoWw.
(h]m]w sN bvXh \cIn
\nXy\nhmknbmsWmWv JhmcnPv, apAvXknev
InI PnpXv. hnhx)
Amlpth, \ns XuôIzn\mbn tIgpp. \p
sS {]hmNI aplZv \_nbnepw Atlns
IpSpw _nepw A\pNcmcnepw kzempw kemapw
Amlp , hn\nv kZmhjnpamdmIs
1

1.

ssiJv Ap Akokv C_v\p_mkns t\XrXznep
APv\p mCax en_plqYn Can h C^vXmAv. 2:
462. ^Xvhm \: 1653


14

cv

Ienax sNmp apkvenapw
klmbtXhpw

? "em Ceml Cmlv, aplZp dkqepmlv ' F
ilmZv sNmp Hcp apkvenw Xs Ccpnepw
\ndpnepsamw bm dkqemlv, bm ssiJv Poem\o
Fns\ hnfnv tXSpp. Cs\bp klmbt
ns hn[n FmIpp?

D]Imcw t\SpXn\pw D]{Zhw t]mpXn\pw
a\pjy, dkqent\tbm, Poem\o ssiJnt\tbm, XoPm\o
ssiJnt\ tbm, atm hnfnptXSpXpw klmbtw
\Sp Xpw BZnIme Pmlnenn
hym]Iambncp henb inns C\fn
Hcn\amIpp. Cu inns\ Cm bva sNphm\pw,
P\sf in\nv csSpp hm\pw,
Amlp,hns XuloZntepw Bcm[\Ifpw Zp
Bbpw Amlp,hn\v am{XampXtepw P\sf
D_pcmphm\pamWv Amlp, Xs ZqXmsc
\ntbmKnXv. km[mcW ImcyImcWpdap Im
cyfn klmbtw Amlp,thmSv am{Xta
]mSpq. ImcWw, km[mcW
ImcyImcWpdap Imcy fnep
klmbtw C_mZmIpp. hh\pw AXv
Amlp, Amhcntev sXnm Ah inv


15

sNbvXh\mbn. Amlp, Xhnjbn Xs Zmk
msc DXvt_m[nnpIbpw AhtcmSv {]Jym]nphm
C{]Imcw ]TnnpIbpw sNbvXp:

|\ns am{Xw R Bcm[npp. \ntmSv am{Xw
R klmbw tXSpp.~ (hn. Izp. A^mXnlx : 5)
Amlp , ]dp:

|]nI AmlphnpXmIpp. AXn\m \n
AmlpthmsSmw Bscbpw hnfnv {]mXvYncpXv.~
(hn. Izp. APnv: 18)

|Amlphn\v ]pdsa \n\v D]Imcw sNmXpw,
\n\ v D]{Zhw sNmXpamb bmsXmnt\mSpw \o
{]m XvYncpXv. \o A{]Imcw sNp ]w
Xobmbpw \o A{IanIfpsS Iqnembncnpw.
\n\v Amlp h tZmjhpw G]np ]w
Ahs\mgnsI AXv \o w sNm Hcmfpan. Ah
\n\v h KpWhpw Dt inp ]w Ahs
A\p{Klw Xnamm Hcmfpan. Xs Zmkamcn
\nv Xm CNvOnphv AXv (A\p{Klw) Ah


16

A\p`hnnpp. Ah Gsd s]mdp ph\pw
IcpWm\n[nbpas{X.~ (hn.Izp. bq\pkv: 106,107)

|As\bph\mIpp \nfpsS cnXmhmb
Amlp. Ah\mIpp B[n]Xyw. Ah\p ]pdsa B
tcmSv \n {]mXvYnppthm Ah Hcp
Cugp cphns ]mSt]mepw DSasSppn.
\n AhtcmSv {]mXvYnp]w Ah \nfpsS
{]mXvY\ tIp Ibn. Ah tImepw \nh
Dcw \Ip X. Dbnsgpt]ns
\mfnemIs \n Ahsc ]mfnIfmnbXns\
Ah \ntj[npXpamWv. kq vaPvRm\aphs\
(Amlpsh)tmse \n\v hnhcw Xcm Bcpan.~ (hn.
Izp. A^mXzn: 13,14)

|Amlphn\p ]pdsa, Dbnsgpt]ns
\mfphsc bpw X\nv Dcw \Imhsc hnfnp
{]mXvYnp hs\m hgn]ngh Bcpv?
AhcmIs ChcpsS


17

{]mXvY\sbn t_m[anmhcmIpp.
a\pjyscmw HcpanpIqsSp k`n Ah
ChcpsS i{Xp fmbncnpIbpw sNpw. Ch Ahsc
Bcm[nncp Xns\ Ah
\ntj[nphcmbnocpIbpw sNpw.~
(hn. Izp. AAlvIzm^v: 5,6)

|hh\pw AmlpthmsSmw av h ssZhsbpw hnfn
v {]mXvYnp ]w AXn\v Ahs ]
bmsXm cp {]amWhpw C Xs Ahs hnNmcW
Ahs c nXmhns ASp
shpXsbmbncnpw. kXy\n tj[nI hnPbw
{]m]npIbn; Xo.~ (hn. Izp. A apAvan\q: 117)
Amlp,, Cu hN\fn Xm\mhtcmSv
ZpB sNpXv Ip^vdpw inpsav hniZoIcnp.
Amlp, AmhtcmSv ZpB sNpht\mfw
hgn]ng h amcpansv Ah {]Jym]np. \_n
C_v\p Amkn;t\mSv C{]Imcw ]dXmbn
ncsnpv:

((\o tNZnm AmlpthmSv tNmZnpI. \o klmbw
tXSnbm AmlpthmSv klmbw tXSpI))
1

1.

kp\p\pnapZn. A_m\n lZoYns\ kzloslv hntijn
nncnpp.


18

Amlphns dkq ]dp:

((ZpBAv, AXmIpp C_mZv ))
1

Amlp , hn\nv kZmhjnpamdmIs.
2

1.

kp\p\pnapZn. A_m\n lZoYns\ kzloslv hntijn
nncnpp.
1.

ssiJv Ap Akokv C_v\p_mkns t\XrXznep
APv\pmCax en_plqYn Can hC^vXmAv. 1:
784.


19

aqv

inns C\

? kwkmcn hpt]mIp
(hmmepmIp)inn s C\ GsXmamWv?

C_mZns C\fn hXpw Amlp,
Amhcn tev XncnemWv inv. Amlp,
Amhpth n AdppI, Amlp,
Amhmbn t\bm pI, Amlp,
AmhtcmSv ZpB sNpI, Cv Pmdfn
Iz_v]qPI sNpXpt]mse acWsh sc
hnfnpsImv AhtcmSv klmbtXw \SpI, acW
shtcmSv Bhiy\nlWn\pw {]bmk \op
Xn\pw tXSpI, Pmdsf Xzhm^v sNpI, acWs
hcpsS kmao]ywtXSn Pmdfn _en \IpI, acWs
hv t\bmpI XpSnbsXmw inns
DZml cWfmIpp. CXt{X inpAIv_;
ImcWw in pAIv_ Fm, C_mZns\
Amlp , Am hcntev XncnemIpp.
Amlp,hmIs ]dbp Xv t\mq:


20

|.. AXn\m hh\pw Xs cnXmhpambn
Ipap Wsav B{Klnppshn Ah
kIw {] hnpIbpw, Xs cnXmhn\p
Bcm[\bn bmsXmns\bpw
]ptNmXncnpIbpw sNbvXp sIms.~ (hn. Izp.
AIlv^v: 110)
|\n Amlpsh Bcm[npIbpw Aht\mSv bm

sXmnt\bpw ]ptNmXncnpIbpw sNpI~ (hn.
Izp. AnkmAv: 36)

|IogvhWw Amlphn\v am{Xw BnsImv EPpa\

kvIcmb \nebn Ahs\ Bcm[nphm\pw, \akvIm
cw \ne\nphm\pw kImv \Iphm\pw AmsX
AhtcmSv Insnn. AXs{X h{IXbnm
aXw~ (hn. Izp. A_n\x : 5)
Cu hnjbn BbpI [mcmfapv.

inv hnhn[ C\fmIpp:

Hv:
CkvemanIann\nv Bsf ]pdmp inv.
C_mZns C\fn hXpw Amlp,
Amhcn tev XncnemWv insv \mw


21

DWnbtm. Amlp, Amhpthn
AdppI, Amlp, Amhmbn
t\bmpI, Amlp, Amh tcmSv ZpB
sNpI, Amlp, AmhtcmSv klmbw tXSpI
t]mepsXmw AXnsXmWv. CkvemanIan n
\nv Bsf ]pdmp henbinmIpp CXv.
henbinv {]hnph Amlp,hntev
Xu_ sNbvXv aSm Ahbn acWsm A
h \cIn \nXy\nhmknbmIpp. Amlp , ]d
bpp:

|AmlpthmSv hh\pw ]ptNp ]w Xobm
bpw Amlp Ahv kzw \njnampXmWv. \c
Iw Ahs hmkkvYeambncnpIbpw sNpw. A{Ian
Iv klmbnIfmbn Bcpw Xsbn.~ (hn. Izp. A
amCZx : 72)
Amlp,, Xu_xsImpam{XamWv
henbinv s]mdppXcnI. Amlp , ]dp:

|XtmSv ]ptNsSpXv Amlp Hcnepw s]mdp

pIbn. AsXmgnpsXmw Ah
Dtinphv Ah s]mdppsImSppXmWv.


22

B AmlpthmSv ]ptNpthm Ah
Xobmbpw KpcpXcamb Hcp IpIrXyamWv
NapmnbncnpXv.~ (hn. Izp. An kmAv: 48)

cv:
inpAkzvK(sNdnb inv). AXv CkvemanIan
n\nv ]pdmpIbnsnepw AXns A]IS
hpw hfsc hepXmWv. ]nXmcpsS icnbmb A`n{]m
b {]Imcw sNdnbinpw Xu_x sImmsX s]mdp
sSpIbn. ImcWw, Amlp , ]dp:


XtmSv ]ptNsSpXv Amlp, Hcn epw
s]mdppIbn FXv henb innt\bpw sN dnb
innt\bpw DsImpp.
Amlp, Amhscsmv kXywsN
sNdnb inn\v DZmlcWamIpp. krmhns Dti
s krnbpsS Dtihpambn AXzv^v
sNpXpsImv (kwtbmPnnpXpsImv)
"Amlphpw Xmfpw Dtin Xv' Fhmpw sNdnb


23

inmIpp. ImcWw, AXzv^v sNphm\p]tbmKn
kwtbmPImhybamb "hmhv ' ]mfn
bmpXns\bmWv tXSpXv. icnbmbXv, "Amlp
hpw tijw Xmfpw DtinXv ' Fv ]dbemWv.
ImcWw, AXzv^v sNphm\p]tbmKn "Yp' F
kwtbmPIm hybw tijw F BibsbmWv
tXSpXv.
"Amlphpw Xmfpw Cmbncppshn' F
hmpw AXn\pXpyamb hmpIfpw kwkmcn
hp t]mIp inns DZmlcWfmWv.
cnbmDw(temIam\yX) sNdnbinmWv. ]t,
A Xv inpJ^nm
1
(tKm]yamb inm)Wv. ImcWw,
cn bmAv DcnsSmhn[w lrZbns
{]hrnIfn sXmWv. AhbhfpsS
{]hrnIfntem \mhntem {] ISamImXpw Fm

1
A_qkCuZn JpZvcn;bn\npw dkq ]dXmbn
\nthZ\w:

""akolpZment\m \nfpsSta Rm Ghpw IqSp
X `bsSp Hns\pdnv \nv AdnbnpXc-tbm''
Ah ]dp: AsX. Atlw ]dp: ((tKm]yamb
inmWXv; Hcm \akvIcnphm \npIbpw asmcm
Xntev t\mpp FXpsImv Abm Xs
\akvImcs `wKn IqpIbpw sNpp.

(apkv\ZpAlvaZv.
A_m\n lZoYns\ lks\v hntijnnncnpp.)


24

lrZbn am{Xw DmhpI bpw sNp HmWv
temIam\yX. AXv Amlp,h msX amcpw
AdnbpIbn.
Atm inv, henb inv, sNdnb inv,
tKm ]yamb inv Fns\ aqv C\fmWv.
temIam\y Xbpw lrZbn Amlp,
Amhmbp Dt ieyfpamWv tKm]yamb
inv.

temIam\yX:
Hcm, _mlyhiw Amlp,hns\v tXmnn
pwhn[w Hcp {]hrn sNpIbpw Fm, {]kvXpX
{]hrnsImv Amlp,sh DtinmsX P\ X
s ]pIgvpI, kvXpXnpI, ùXnIamb hXm]cy
fpw t\SpI XpSnb Imcy DtinpIbpw
sNp Xns\bmWv cnbmAv AampXv.
Amlp , ]dp:

|sFlnIPohnXsbpw AXns AemcsbpamWv

Bscnepw DtinpsXn AhcpsS {]h\
AhnsS (CltemIv) shv Ahv \mw
\ndthn sImSppXmWv. AhhnsS bmsXmcp
Ipdhpw hcp sSpIbn. ]ctemIv \cIamsX


25

asmpw In m\nmhcmIpp Aq. Ah
ChnsS {]hn sXmw s]mfnpt]mbncnpp.
Ah sNbvXpsImn cnpsXmw êiq\yas{X.~
(hn. Izp. lqZv: 15,16)
lv sNpItbm hnm\w tXSpItbm As
n C_mZpIfn hXpw A\pjvTnpItbm sN
p Hcp hyn, Xs IwsImv ùXnIamb h
Xm]cyfpamWv \nmpsXn Abm
ùXn IX am{XamWv DtinpXv. AXmIs
Is s s]mfnpIfbpw.
temIam\yX Isf \njvêampw.
I sImv ùXnIX eyampXv
Iss s]m fnpIfbpw. alvaqZv C_v\p
e_oZn;\npw \nthZ\w: Amlphns dkq
]dp:

.
((\nbw, Rm \nfn `bpXn Ghpw `bm
\IambXv inpAkzvK BIpp.)) Ah
tNmZnp: Amlphns XncpZqXtc, FmWv inp
AkzvK? Atlw ]dp: ((temIam\yX.))
1

Amlphns dkq A_q_Idn ; t\mSv
]dp:

1.

apkv\Zp AlvaZv, A_Khn, Xz_dm\n. ipsF_v AA
\mDuzv lZoYns k\Zns\ kzloslv
hntijnnncnpp.


26

((A_q_, Fs BXvamhv BcpsS InemtWm
Ah \mWv kXyw \nivNbw, inv Ddpv
AcnpXnt\ m tKm]yamWv. Xmv Hcp Imcyw
Rm Adnbnv Xctbm? Xm AXv {]hnm
inv Ipdmbm epw IqSpXembmepw, Xmfn\nv
AXv s]mbvt]mIpw. ({]hmNI) ]dp: Xm
]dbpI:

""Amlpth, Rm AdnpsImv \nn ]ptN
pXn\nv Rm \nne`bw tXSpp, Rm\dnbm
Xn \nv \ntmSv CkvXnKv^mdns\ tXSpIbpw sN
pp))
1

Hcp apkvenw, Xs hmpIfpw {]hrnIfpw
Amlp,hn\v \njvfampI FXpw Xn\nv
DXv`qXamIp hmnepw {]hrnbnepw \nnepsa
mw Amlp,hns\ IcpXpI FXpamWv
A\nhmcyam bXv. Xs Iw Amlp,hn
icnbmbXpw kzoIcn sSpXpamIpXn\v
thnbmWnXv.

1
AZ_p ap^vdZv, _pJmcn. A_m\n kzlolmbn AwKoIcn
npv.


27

Amlp , hn\nv kZmhjnpamdmIs.
1

2.

APv\p mCax en_plqYn Can h C^vXmAv.


28

\mev

\_n tbmSv
klmbw tXS:
Hcp kp{]-[m\ ^Xvh

? dkqte klmbntWta, \_ntb ImtWta Fn
s\ Hcp hn`mKw hnfnptXSpXmbn R tIp
p. AXn CkvemanIhn[n FmWv?

Ccw hnfnI henb inmIpp. Cu hnfnbpsS A
w \_ntbmSv klmbw tXSpI FXmWv.
\_nbp sS kzlm_nIfpw AlveppxbpsS
]nXcmb kzlm _nIfpsS ]nXpSmcpw,
Anbmfn\npw apw acWshtcmSpw,
aepIfn\npw Asn PnpI fn\npw apw
adhtcmSpw, hn{KltfmSpw, IpI tfmSpw,
actfmSpw, \{XtfmSpw AXpt]meph tbmSpw
klmbm\ \SpXv henbinmsW Xn
GtIm]nncnpp. ImcWw, Amlp , ]dp:
|]nI AmlphnpXmIpp. AXn\m \n

AmlpthmsSmw Bscbpw hnfnv {]mXvYncpXv.~
(hn. Izp. APnv: 18)


29

|As\bph\mIpp \nfpsS cnXmhmb
Amlp. AhmIpp B[n]Xyw. Ah\p ]pdsa B
tcmSv \n {]mXvYnppthm Ah Hcp
Cugp cphns ]mSt]mepw DSasSppn.
\n AhtcmSv {]mXvYnp]w Ah \nfpsS
{]mXvY\ tIp Ibn. Ah tImepw \nh
Dcw \Ip X. Dbnsgpt]ns
\mfnemIs \n Ahsc ]mfnIfmnbXns\
Ah \ntj[npXpamWv. kq vaPvRm\aphs\
(Amlpsh)tmse \n\v hnhcw Xcphm Bcpan.~
(hn. Izp. A^mXzn: 13,14)

|hh\pw AmlpthmsSmw av h ssZhsbpw hnfn
p{]mXvYnp ]w AXn\v Ahs ]
bmsXm cp {]amWhpw C Xs Ahs hnNmcW
Ahs c nXmhns ASp
shpXsbmbncnpw. kXy\n tj[nI hnPbw
{]m]npIbn; Xo.~ (hn. Izp. A apAvan\q: 117)
Cu An BbpI [mcmfamWv.
Izp ssdinIfnepw apw Ds BZnIme


30

_lpssZhhnizm knIfpsS BZiambncpp Cu
{]hrn. \nbw Amlp,, inns\
FXnpsImpw AXns\Xn cn apdnbnv
\InsmpamWv apgph apkeo tfbpw
\ntbmKnbXv. kthZ{Ktfbpw AhXcn
nXpw. Amlp, ]dp:

|Xobmbpw Hmtcm kapZmbnepw \mw ZqXs\ \n
tbmKnnpv. \n Amlpsh Bcm[npIbpw, Zp
aqnIsf shSnbpIbpw sNWw Fv ({]t_m[\w
sNpXn\v thn.).~ (hn. Izp. Alv: 36)

|Rm\msX bmsXmcp ssZhhpan. AXn\m

Fs \n Bcm[nq Fv t_m[\w
\InsmmsX \n\v apv Hcp ZqXs\bpw \mw
Abnn.~ (hn. Izp. AAnbmAv: 25)

|Aen^vemwdm. Hcp {]amW{Kas{X CXv. AXnse
hN \ Bib`{ZXbpXmsncnpp.
]noSXv hn iZoIcnsncnpp. bpIvXnam\pw


31

kqvaPvRm\n bpamb Amlphns ASp
\npXs{X AXv. Fsm
Amlphns\bmsX \n Bcm[n cpXv.
Xobmbpw Ah \nv \nfntev \ntbmKn
s XmoXpImc\pw ktmjhmmc\pas{X
Rm.~ (hn. Izp. lqZv : 1,2)

|Cu {Kns AhXcWw {]Xm]nbpw bpIvXnam\p
amb Amlphn \nmIpp. Xobmbpw \n\v
\mw Cu {Kw AhXcnnp XXv
kXy{]ImcamIpp. AXn\m IogvhWw
Amlphn\v \njvIfamn sImv Ahs\ \o
Bcm[npI. AdnbpI: Amlphn\v am{Xw
AhImisXmIpp \njvIfamb IogvhWw.
Ahp ]pdsa cm[nImcnIsf kzoIcnh
(]dbpp:) Amlphntev Rv IqSpX
ASpapmn cm thnam{XamIpp R
Ahsc Bcm[np Xv. Ah GsXmcp Imcyn
`nX ]pepp thm AXn Amlp
AhnSbn hn[nI]npI Xs sNpw.
\pWb\pw Ahnizmknbpambnph\m tcm Ahs\


32

Amlp t\hgnbnempIbn; Xo.~ (hn. Izp. kpa :
1,2,3)
Amlp,, apkeosf \ntbmKnbXpw
thZ {K kXpw AhXcnnXpw GI\pw
bmsXmcp ]pImcpanm Ah
Bcm[nsSpXn\pthnbm Wv. AYhm
ZpBAv({]m\), CkvXnKmYx(klmbtXw),
Ju^v(`bw), dPmAv({]Xo), \akvImcw, t\mv, _en,
XpSnb Bcm[\bpsS C\smv Ah
am{Xw Bcm[nsSpXn\pthn. Amlp,
D]cnkqNnX BbpIfn AXv hyamn.
IzpssdinIfnepw ap ap _lpssZh hnizmknI
AnbmapkeotfmSpw CXc
kXy{]t_m[ImtcmSpw ]dncpXv Huenbm sf
R Bcm[npXv Ah ayhnIfmbn
Rsf Amlp,hntev
ASpnpXn\pthnbmWv Fpw Amlp,
DWpp. AYhm, apivcnpI Ahsc
Bcm[nncpXv Ah ayhnIfmbn Bcm
[nphsc Amlp,hntev ASpnpXn\pthn
bpw Ahpthn ip]mi ]dbpXn\pthnbpam
Wv; AmsX, Bcm[nsSphcmWv Ahsc krnp
Ibpw Ahv D]Poh\w \IpIbpw {]]n
ssIImcyIXrXzw \nlnpIbpw sNpXv
FXn \me. (AYhm, CXv Ah PnpItbm Cu
coXnbn hnizknpItbm sNbvXXn\me Fw)
Fnpw Amlp, Ahsc hymPampIbpw B


33

hnizmkw Imc Wm Ahsc
AhnizmknIfmpIbpapmbn.
Amlp , ]dp:

|Ah GsXmcp Imcyn `nX ]pepp
thm AXn Amlp AhnSbn hn[nI]npI
Xs sNpw. \pWb\pw Ahnizmknbpambnph\m
tcm Ahs\ Amlp t\hgnbnempIbn; Xo.~ (hn.
Izp. kpa: 3)
Amlp,thmsSmw Bcm[nsSp Huenbm
ayhnIfmbn Xsf Amlp,hntev
ASpn psa AhcpsS P\n Ah
hymPmcmsWv Amlp, ChnsS hyamn.
AXn\m Ah Im^ndp IfmsWv AhcpsSta
Amlp, hn[npIbpw sN bvXp. AXpsImmWv
Amlp, ]dXv:

|\pWb\pw Ahnizmknbpambnph\mtcm Ahs\
Amlp t\hgnbnempIbn; Xo.~(hn. Izp. kpa: 3)
Amlp,thmsSmw Bcm[nsSp
_lpssZ hhnizmknIfpsS Bcm[ymsc Ipdnv Ah
Pnp Xv, Amlphn Bcm[ym XfpsS


34

ip]mi IcmsWv kqdv bq\pknse Bbn
Amlp, hyamn. Amlp, ]dp:

.......
|Amlphn\v ]pdsa, Ahv D]{Zhtam D]Imctam
sN mXns\ Ah Bcm[npsImncnpp.
Ch(B cm[y) Amlphns ASp Rp
ip]mi mcmWv Fv ]dbpIbpw sNpp.~ (hn.
Izp. bq\p kv: 18) Fm AhcpsS P\n
Ah IhmZ amWv \SpsXv Amlp,
hyamn:

.
|(\_ntb,) ]dbpI: BImifntem `qanbntem D
Xmbn Amlphn\dnbm hImcyhpw \nfhv Adn
bnp sImSppIbmtWm? Amlp Ah ]ptNp
Xn \nsmw F{Xtbm ]cnip\pw DX\pambn
cnpp.~ (hn. Izp. bq\pkv: 18)
Atm, PnpIpw CkpIpw
\n_ ambXv, Ah Bcm[\I
Amlp,hn\pam{Xw \n jvfampI FXpw
Amlp,sh IqSmsXbp AnbmfmIs
aphcmIs Ahsc, klmbtXw sImtm


35

C_mZns C\fn aphXpwsImtm
Bcm[npXv kqnpI FXpamWv. D]cnkqNnX
BbpIsImpw AhbpsS Bibfp CXc
BbpIsmpw Amlphns XncpZqXcn\n
pw CXc {]hmNIcn\npw ncs BZiwsIm
pw If\pjvTnpIbmWv thXv.
AnbmfJne hpw Amlp,sh
GIsSppXntepw C_mZmp I Ah\v
am{XampXntepw BfpIsf Wnp. BfpI
Amlp,hn ]ptNpXpw Ah\m hsc
Bcm[npXpw Ah hntcm[np. GsXmcp ASn
m\hpambnmtWm Amlp, {]hmNI]phmsc
\n tbmKnpIbpw thZ{K AhXcnnpIbpw
sN bvXXv, GsXmcp ASnm\w ImcWmemtWm
Amlp , PnpItfbpw CkpItfbpw krnXv, B
Ckveman I ASnm\ BZiat{X CXv. AXn\m,
hh\pw A nbmsfsmpw apw klmbm\
\SpItbm, Ahcn\nv ctXSpItbm, C
_mZmpIfn hXpw Ahcntev kanpItbm
sNbvXm \nbw, A h Amlp,hn inv
sNbvXncnpp. Amlp, thmsSmw aphsc
Ah Bcm[nncnpp. inp sNbvXm
DmIpXpw hnip IzpB DWnb Xpamb
A]ISfn Ah AIsSpIbpw sNbvXncn pp.
inpsNbvXm DmIp A]ISsIpdnv
Amlp , ]dp:


36

|Ah (AmlpthmSv) ]ptNncppshn A
h {]hnncpsXmw Ahsc kw_nnStmfw
\njvêambntmIpambncpp.~ (hn. Izp. ABw: 88)

|Xobmbpw \n\pw \ns apphpw ktiw
\IsnpXv CXs{X: (Amlphn\v) \o ]mfnsb
tNp ]w Xobmbpw \ns Iw \njvêam
bntmIpIbpw Xobmbpw \o \jvSmcpsS
Iqn BIpIbpw sNpw.~ (hn. Izp. kpa: 65)

....


37

|AmlpthmSv hh\pw ]ptNp ]w Xobm
bpw Amlp Ahv kzw \njnampXmWv. \c
Iw Ahs hmkkvYeambncnpIbpw sNpw. A{Ian
Iv klmbnIfmbn Bcpw Xsbn.~ (hn. Izp. A
amCZx : 72)
apkenw \mSpIfn\nv hnZqcambXn\m {]
t_m[\hpw hnip IzpB\pw Xncpkppw Fn
bnnm hyn am{XamWv Cu sXfnhpIfn\nv Hgn
hmsSpI. AbmfpsS Imcyw
Amlp,hntemIpp. Ans\bp hynbpsS
hnjbfn ]nXmcpsS hmpIfn kzlolmbXv
Ah Ay\mfn ]con sSpsapw I\
A\pkcnm kzn {]th inpsapw
[ncnm \cIn {]thinpsap amWv.
C{]Imcw {]mb]qnbmIpXn\v apv acW
sSp IpnIfpw Cu sXfnhpIfn\nv
HgnhmsSpw. AhcpsS hnjbn cv
A`n{]mb icnbmbn h npv.

Hv: Ah Ay\mfn ]consSpw. DctaIn
bm Ah kzn {]thinpw. [ncnm
Ah \cIn {]thinpw. ImcWw {]mb]q
nbmIp Xn\v apv acWsSp IpnIsfIpdnv
\_n tNmZn sp. Atm Atlw ]dp:

((Ah {]hnpXns\ Ipdnv Amlp BIpp
IqSpX Adnbph.)) (_pJmcn, apkvenw) Ay\mfn


38

Ah ]consm Ahsc Ipdnp Amlp,hn
s Adnhv shfnsp.

cv: {]mb]qnbmIpXn\v apv acWsSp
Ipn I kzmhIminIfmWv. ImcWw, Ah
hn[nhnep I _m[IamIpXn\papv ^nXzvdn
acWsh cmWv. Amlphns dkq ]dp:

((Fm IpnIfpw ^nXvdn(Ckveman)emWv P\npXv.
AXnns Ahs amXm]nXm Ahs\ PqX\m
pp, Asn Ah Ahs\ IrkvXym\nbmpp,
Asn Ah Ahs\ AKv\nbmcm[I\mpp.))
(_pJmcn, apkvenw)
apkvenans dntmn C{]Imcw IqSnbpv:

((AXnns Ahs amXm]nXm Ahs\
PqXt\m IrkvXym\ntbm Amlphn
]vtNpht\m Bp p)) AtlnsXs
asmcp dntmn:

((Cu (CkvemanI)annemsX (Hcp Ippw
P\npn ) )) FmWpXv.
kz]v\n \_n Zin Imcy ]dXv
kapdx C_v\p PpZp_v ; dntmv sNbvXtm A
Xn C{]Imcw ImWmw:


39

- ~ -
- -

((Fm, (kz)tmn DXmb Dbcap hyn,
AXv C_vdmlow~ BIpp. Atln\v Nppap
Ip nI ^nXzvdn acWs FmIpnIfpamWv.
Atm apkvenwIfn Nne tNmZnp: Amlphns
XncpZqXtc, _lpssZhhnizmknIfpsS IpnIfpaptm?
Atm Amlphns dkq ]dp: _lpssZh
hnizmknI fpsS IpnIfpw Dv. (_pJmcn)
D]cnkqNnX sXfnhpIfpsS shfnn, {]mb
]qnbmIpXn\v apv acWsSp
_lpssZhhnizm knIfpsS IpnIfpsS hnjbn
]dbs A`n{]mb fn IqSpX kzlolmbXv Cu
cmas A`n{]mb amIpp. Amlp , ]dp:
......

|Hcp ZqXs\ AbpXv hsc \mw (Bscbpw) inn
pXpa.~ (hn. Izp. A CkvdmAv : 15)
kzlolp _pJmcnbn InXm_p P\mCkn
"{]mb]qnbmIpXn\v apv acWsSp
IpnIfpsS hnjbn ]dbsXv ' F
Aymbns hniZo IcWn CXmWv
{]mamWnI FnsXmb, sXc sSpsXpw
kzlolmbXpamb A`n{]mbsav C amw
C_v\plPP tcJsSpnbnpv.


40

Pohnncnp, lmPdp, hyntbmSv AbmfpsS
IgnhnsXv tXSpXv CXn\nv HgnhmsSpw.
AXv in. ImcWw, aqkm~ tIm]vnIv hwiPt\m
sSmp kw`hn Amlp ]dbpp:
.....
......
|Atm Xs Inbn s]h Xs i{Xphn`mK
n s]hsXncn AtltmSv klmbw tXSn.~
(hn. Izp. AIzkzkzv : 15)
Hmtcm a\pjy\pw Xs ktlmZcv Bh
iyamb hnjbfn Xs IgnhnsXpsImv Ah
sc klmbn Bhiyambnhcpw. AXv innsX
. {]XypX, A\phZ\obamb ImcyfnsXmWv.
sXfn hpIfpsS tXa\pkcnv Nnetm Acw
klIcWw kpmbncnpw apNnetm
\n_hpambncnpw.
1

Amlp,hmIpp XuôIzv DSasSpnbh.
Ah Fmhtcbpw A\p{KlnpamdmIt
2

1.

Cu IrXnbpsS Ahkm\nep A\p_ Ipdnv
t\mpI.

2.

aPvaqAv ^Xmhm h aIzmemXv ssiJv Ap Akokv
C_v\p _mkv 7: 416


41

Av

\_n sbsmv
kXyw sN
Nne kp{][m\ ^XvhI

kvXpXnI apgph\pw Amlp , hn\v am{Xam
Ipp. \psS {]hmNI aplZv \_nbnepw
Atl ns IpSpw_nepw A\pNcmcnepw
Atlns amn hgn\Shcnepw kzempw
kemapw Amlp , hn\nv hjnpamdmIs.
ssiJv Ap Akokv C_v\p _mkv P C{]Imcw
tNmZnsp:

? \_nsbsmv kXyw sNpXv Nne
]Xnhmnbn cnpp. AsXmcp hnizmk]camb
{]iv\amsWpt]m epw Ku\nmsXbmWv Ah
Cs\ kXyw sNpXv. \_nsbsmv kXyw
sNpXns hn[nsbmWv?

\_n sbsmtm Asn CXc krnIsfsm
tm kXyw sNpXv henb Xnbpw innmb
\njn fnsXpamWv. GI\mb
Amlp,shsmm sX kXyw sN Bpw
A\phZ\oba. Amlp, Amhscsmv
kXywsN A\phZ\obasXv ]nXmcpsS


42

GIm`n{]mbamsWv Camw C_v\pA n_dv P
tcJsSpnbnpv. Amlp, Am hscsmv
kXywsNpXv hntcm[npsImpw A Xv
inmsWv DWnsmpw \_nbn\nv
lZoYpI kzlolmbn ncsncnpp.

((AdnbpI, \nbw \n \nfpsS ]nXmsfsm
v kXywsNpXv Amlp hntcm[npp. hh\pw
k Xyw sNpIbmsWn Ah Amlpshsmv
kXyw sNt Asn au\wZons.)) asmcp
dntmn:

((Ah Amlpshsmv kXyw sNt An an
mXncns.)) (_pJmcn, apkvenw) FmWpXv.
C_v\p Dadn \nv \nthZ\w. \_n ]d
p:

kXywsNbvXm Xobmbpw Ah Ip^vdv sNbvXp
Asn inv sNbvXp.))
1

1
kp\\p A_oZmhqZv, kp\\pnapZn, A_m\n
kzlolmbn AwKoIcnnpv.


43

((hh\pw, Aam\v sImv kXywsNbvXm Ah
\nsh\.))
1

Cu hnjbn lZoYpI [mcmfhpw
kphnZnXhp amWv. GI\mb
Amlp,hns\smmsX kXywsN mXncnpI
FXmWv Hmtcm apkvenan\pw hmPn_mbXv. D]cn
kqNnX lZoYpIfptSbpw apw shfnn, Amlp ,
Amh F{X henbhcmbmepw Ahscsmv k
XywsN Hcmpw A\phZ\oba. Amlp, Am
hscsmv kXywsNpXv ]Xnhmnbh AXv `
btXpw Xs IpSpw_tbpw IqpImtcbpw
apw AXns\smv hntcm[ntXpw A\nhmcyamWv.
\_n ]dp:

((\nfn hh\pw Hcp Xn Im, DS Ahs
ssIsImv AXns\ XSpsImt. Ah\v AXn\v
km[nnmsbn Xs \mhpsImv AXns\
XSp sImt. Ah\v AXn\v km[nnmsbn
Xs lrZ bwsImv (AXns\ shdppsImt.)
AXv Cuam\n Ghpw _elo\ambXmWv)) (apkvenw)

1
kp\\p A_oZmhqZv, A_m\n kzlolmbn
AwKoIcnnpv.


44

apv DWnb lZoYpIfpsS shfnn
Amlp, Amhscsmv kXywsNpXv
sNdnb innemWv DsSpI. Nnetm, AXv henb
inmbn ocpw; kXywsNsSp krnsbpdnv
{]kvXpX kr n, Amlp,shtmse BZchv
Alnppspw Asn Amlp,thmsSmw
Bcm[nsS A\ph Z\obamsWpw apap
Ip^vd hnNmc Iz_nep SseSpptmgmWXv.
Ccw XnIfn\nsmw apgph
apkvenwI pw cpw aXn ]mnXyw
\IpXn\pw Rm Amlp,thmSv tIgpp.
Amlp,hns tIm]w hndp Imcyfn\npw
kpcmbn Rm A ht\mSv tXSpp.
Amlp,hmIpp kkqvaw tI ph\pw
kao]\pw.
1

cv:
?\_nsbsmv kXyw sNpXns hn[nsb
mWv?

krnIfn bmsXmns\smpw kXywsN A\p
hZ\oba; {]kvXpX krn, \_nbmIs,
IAv_bmIs, Aam\mIs aphXpamIs.

1.

aPvaqAv ^Xmhm h aIzmemXv ssiJv Ap Akokv
C_v\p _mkv 3: 145


45

CXmWv `qcn] ] nXmcptSbpw A`n{]mbw. Nne
]nXm, krnI fn bmsXmns\smpw
kXywsN A\phZ\ob as A`n{]mbs
CPvamBbn (]nXmcpsS G Im`n{]mbambn)hsc
tcJsSpnbnpv. \_nsb smv kXywsN
A\phZ\obamsW, icnbmb A`n{]mbn\v
hncphpw HsXpamb Hcp A`n{]m bw
Dcnsnpv. AXn\v bmsXmcp sXfnhpansv
am{Xa {]kvXpX A`n{]mbw _mXznepamIpp. Cu
hnj bn kzlolmbn ncs lZoYpIpw
]nXm cpsS CPvamC\pw FXncmIpp AXv.
AaodpapAvan \o Da C_v\pJzm_n;\nv
\nthZ\w:

((hh\pw kXyw sNpIbpw Xs kXyn em
bmWv kXyw, DbmWv kXyw Fv ]dbpIbpw sN
bvXm, Ah "em Ceml Cmlv ' ]dbt.)) (_pJmcn,
apkvenw) AYhm, Amlp, Amhscsmv kXyw
sNph Xs kXyn inv
sImphcnIbmWv sNpXv. {]kvXpX inv
s]mdppXn\pthn {]m bnsatmWw
kXykhpw \njvIfhpambn Xu loZns hN\w
]dbWsamWv lZoYv Xm]cysSpXv.
Apmlv C_v\pDadn\nv \nthZ\w. \_n
]dp:


46

kXywsNbvXm Xobmbpw Ah Ip^vdv sNbvXp
Asn inv sNbvXp.))
1

((hh\pw, Aam\v sImv kXywsNbvXm Ah
\nsh\.))
2

((\n, \nfpsS ]nXmsfsmpw amXmsfsm
pw kamscsmpw kXyw sNcpXv.
kXykmcm bnsmmsX \n
Amlpshsmpw kXyw sN cpXv.))
3

Camw A_qDa C_v\pAn_dvP,
Amlp , Amhscsmv kXywsNpXv
ldmamsW Xn CPvamAv Dcnhcns
]nX\mWv. Amlp , Amhscsmv
kXywsNpXv Idmlm sWv Nne ]nXm
]dnpv. {]amWsf {]tbm Khcnpw
]nXmsc Ipdnp kZvhnNmcw apJhn esSppw
AhcpsS A`n{]mbs "Idmlp lvcow'

1
kp\\p A_oZmhqZv, kp\\pnapZn, A_m\n

2
kp\\p A_oZmhqZv, A_m\n kzlolmbn
AwKoIcnnpv.

3
kp\\p A_oZmhqZv, kp\\pnkmC, A_m\n


47

(ldmamnbXn\m shdpsXv) F \nebn emWv
]cnKWntXv. Fm, Cu hnjbs emLh n
ssIImcyw sNbvX Nne, CkvemanI Imcysf pdnv
tNmZn Hcp hynbpsS hnjbn \_n ]dp:

((Atlns ]nXmhmsW, Atlw kXyk\msW
n Atlw hnPbnp.)) F kzlolpapkvenan h
lZoYmWv \ymbambn DcnXv.
Ahp adp]Sn:

1. kzlolmbn ncs lZoYpIv FXncpw
"imp'amb dntmmIpp CXv. imv Fm
hnizcmb Hcp kwLw BfpItfmSv Hcm
FXncmIemIpp. Ccw im mb dntmpIfpambn
_sS A\phZ\obas XmWv ]nXmcpsS
hn[n.

2. Camw C_v\pAn_dv P ]dXpt]mse CXv
Fgpnh ]nghmIm\pw km[yXbpv. ImcWw, A
kzven:

((AmlphmtW, kXyk\msWn Atlw hnPbn
p.)) FmWv. Fm, Nne FgppImcpw \nthZIm
cpw FgpXnbtm ]nghv hXmWv.

3. Amlp, Amhscsmv kXywsNpXv hn
tcm[nsSpXn\papv \_n AXv
]dXmIm\pw km[yXbpv.


48

GXmbmepw, AXv hnizcmb Hcp kwLw Bfp
ItfmSv Hcm FXncmbn Dcn Hs dntmmIpp.
Acw dntmpIsf Ahew_npI FXv Amlp
,hnepw Ay\mfnepw hnizknphv A\phZ\ob
a. AXmIt, Amlp, Amhscsmv
kXywsN pXv ldmamsWpw inmsWpw
Adnbnp hyhpw kzlolpamb lZoYpIv
FXncmhpIbpw sN pp. kAvZv C_v\p A-
_ohIzmkzn;\nv Camw \kmCuP kzlolmb
k\tZmSpIqSn dntmv sNp p: kAvZv C_v\p A
_ohIzmkzv; emsbsmpw Dsbsmpw kXyw
sNbvXp. Ans\ \_ntbmSv AXns\Ipdnv
tNmZnp: Atm \_n]dp: ((Xm,

"bYm Bcm[y\mbn AmlphmsX amcpan.
Ah GI\mIpp. Ah\v bmsXmcp ]pImcpan
. cmPm[n]Xyw Ah\pam{XamWv . Fm
kv XpXnIfpw Ah\p am{XamWv . Ah Fmn\pw
Ignhph\p amWv .' Fv ]dbpI. XmfpsS
CSXp`mKtv aqv XhW DuXpI.
(Amlphns Ir]bn\nv ) AIs
]nimNn\nv Xm AmlpthmSv c tXSpI.
Xm BhncpXv.))


49

Cu lZoYv, Amlp, Amhscsmv
kXyw sNpXv ldmapw, inpw, ss]imNnI
Zpa{fp amsWv Ddnpp. Amlp,
Amhscsmv kXyw sNpXv
BhnpXns\ hntcm[npsIm p Xpd
{]Jym]\hpw AXnepv.
Amlp,thmSv, \apthpw Zo\n
]cnipn bpw kZvhnNmchpw k_pnbpw I\nbphm
Rm tI gpp. \tbpw apgph apkvenwItfbpw
tZtlsb ]n ]pXn\npw ss]imNnI
Zpa{fn\npw kw cnphm Rm
Ccpp. Amlp,hmIpp k kqvaw
tIph\pw kao]\pw. Ah \s GsSpv
klmbnpamdmIt.
1

1.

aPvaqAv ^Xmhm h aIzmemXv, ssiJv C_v\p _mkv 3: 144


50

A\p_w

CkvXnKmYxbpsS hnjbn ]mSpXpw ]mSnmXp
amb hi AdnbpXn\pthn Hcp A\p_ Ipdnv C
hnsS \Ipp. tUm. aplZv Aivd^v auehn Ad_nbn
Xmdmnb Hcp {]_w "hnip IzpB Bib
hnh\ ns hnImk Ncn{Xw aebmfn' Ft]cn
hnh\w sNbX {Kn\nv Hcp `mKamWv {]kvXpX
Ipdnv:

{]mamWnIcpsS hniZoIcW:

apkvenwI s]mXphmbpw tIcf apkvenwI
hnti jnpw {]iv\ns bmYmyw
a\nempXn\p thn, CnjbIambn
{]mamWnIcmb ]nXmcn \n v Dcns
hN\fn NneXv ChnsS DcnpXv \mbncnpw.
AXv C{]ImcamWv:
""a\pjy sNp GsXmcp {]h\nsbpw ê
hpw hnPbhpw \nesImpXv AXntev \bnp \n
anfmbn ssZhbpIvXn \nbnnp Imcy D
mIpXn\memWv; AXn\v hnLmXw krjvSnp XS
fmbn ssZhbpIvXn \nbnnp Imcy CmXm
IpXnepamWv. Amlp, a\pjy\v \Inb Adnhpw
Ignhpw sImv Acw XSfn NneXv
\ophm\pw, Acw \nanfn NneXv t\Sphm\pw
Ah\v kuI cyw sNbvXv sImSpncnpp. Ahbn
apNneXv Ah \v \ntj[npIbpw sNbvXncnpp.
AXn\m Ah bn\nv \apv IgnbpXv


51

\nlnphm \mw _m [ycmWv. \psS I
Ignbp{X `{Zamp Xn\pthn ]camh[n
inbpw Ignhpw \mw hn\ntbmKn tXmWv, \mw
]ckv]cw klIcntXmWv, ]ckv] cw
klmbntXmWv. \psS Ignhn\pdap Imcy
Fmn\pw Ignbp Amlp,hns\
Gnt XmWv. \mw A`bw tXtSXv
Amlp,hnt\mSv am{Xam Wv, \psS IfpsS ê
{]m]vXnpw ]cnkam]vXn pw th klmbw tXtSXv
Aht\mSv am{XamWv; am tcmSpw BbnqSm. ImcWw
Fm a\pjypw Hcpt]m se \Is
ImcyImcWpdapXv km[nnp hm
IcyImcW \nbn DSaIfpsS DSa\mb
Amlp,hn\msX ammpw Ignbn. |\ntmSv am
{Xw R klmbw tXSpp.~ F hN\w |\ns am
{Xw R Bcm[npp.~ F hN\ns
Bibw ]qnbmpp. IcWw, CkvXnB\v
) ( F m lrZbn\nv Amlp,hntev
t]mIp `b mSmWv, BXvamhn\v Aht\mSp -
_amWv, AXv Bcm[\bpsS abmWv. Hcp ASna
AXpambn Amlp , Amhcntev Xncnm
B \S]Sn IzpB\n s AhXcWImepw AXns
appw {]Nmcnep mbncp hn{Klmcm[\bpsS
Hcn\ambnocpw. Cm cyw {]tXyIambn ]dXv,
Amlp,hn\v ]pdsa Huen bmsf kzoIcnv AhtcmSv
klmbw tXSpXpw B pw sNphm km[nm


52

ImcyImcW_ pdap hnjbfn
AhtcmSv klmbanpXpw ImcyImcWfpsS
ASnm\n km[mcW P\ tfmSv klmbw
tNmZnpXpt]msebmsWv hnhctZm jnI
sXncnmXncnm\mWv. Cu kwibw Amlp ,
Xs ASnbmdpIv ZqcoIcnpsImSpphm Dt
inp. a\pjycpsS Ignhns Imcyfn klmbw
tNm ZnpXv Amlp, \nbn \S]Sn{Ia
D]tbmK sSpp Hcp coXn am{XamWv.
b{kma{KnIv Fv m\amtWm DXv AtX
m\w Xsbmbn cnpw AXn\p-apXv. Fm,
Ahv Zm\ambn \ Is IgnhpIpw
tXmXpIpw Apdap Imcy fn klmbw
tXSpXv As\b. tcmKia\n \mbn
Huj[, {]Xnhn[nI Fnhpdap Imcy
fn klmbw tXSpI, i{Xphns\ ]cmPbsSpp
hm B_ew, bpkmlw Fnhpdap Imcy
fn klmbw tXSpI Cs\bp Imcyfnsemw
Amlp, Am-hcntev XncnbpXpw `bmtSmSp
IqSn Ahsc kao]npXpw A\phZn-sSmXmIp
p. (knZv dioZv cnZzm, X^vkodpa\m 1: 58-- 59 )
)
(
((\o tNmZnpIbmsWn Amlphnt\mSv tNmZnpI,
\o klmbw tXSpIbmsWn Amlphnt\mSv klm
bw tXSpI) F \_nhN\ns hymJym\n
Camw \hhnT ]dp: ""ASnbm Xs a\v
Amlp, Amhcn _nnSphm ]mSn Fv


53

CXn kqN\ bpv. adnv Xs Fm Imcyfpw
Amlp,hn `c tanWw. lnZmbv, ]mnXyw,
IzpB\nepw kp nepap Adnhv, tcmKia\w,
Clnepw ]cnepw Dmtbmhp
]coWfn\npw inIfn\n pw D Imh
t]mse Xm tXSp Imcy km[m cW \nebn
krnIfpsS ssIv \SpXsn AXv
Amlp,hnt\mSv am{Xw tNmZnpI. IcIuie
hnZyIfpw tPmentheIfpw sNph `cWIm
Fnhcpambn _s Bhiyt]mse
km[mcW\n ebn krnIfpsS ssIv Amlp,
\Sp Imcy fmWv Xm tXSpsXn
AhcpsS lrZbfn XtmSp A\pI
P\nnphm Amlp,hnt\mSv {]mnWw.''
As\ Atlw C{Xhsc ]dp: ""kr nItfmSv
tNmZnpXpw Ahsc Ahew`npXpw A
[nt]mlamb \S]SnbmWv. thZfn Amlp,hn
s\ DcnpsImv C{]Imcw ]dbsncnpp:
Ah Xs lrZbhnImcfpambn AhchcpsS
IhmS ap pIbmtWm, Fs IhmS aes
Xpdp InSn pw? Rm Fmn\pw Ignhp
cmPm[ncmP\mbncns hn]Lfn
aphcnemtWm Ah {]Xo-bn pXv,
CXccn {]Xobnhs\ Rm \nyXbp sS
taemSb-Wnbnpw; Xo! (Camw \hhn, idlp A
_Cu Ahhn. t]Pv 32)


54

"hnip IzpB Bib hnh\ns hnImk Ncn{Xw
aebmfn' t]Pv 94- 97


55

DSw

hnhIpdnv

2

inpAIv_dpw inpAkzvKdpw
Xnep hyXymk

3

inpAIv_

3

inpAkzvK

8

Ienax sNmp apkvenapw klmbtXhpw

15

inns C\
19

temIam\yX
24

\_n tbmSv klmbw tXS: Hcp
kp{][m\ ^Xvh

28

\_n sbsmv kXyw sN:
Nne kp{][m\ ^XvhI

41

A\p_w
50

DSw

55

Types of Shirk Lam

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Types of Shirk Lam

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i

|Amlphn\v Ghpw \ t]cpIfpv. AXn\m B

|(\_ntb,) ]dbpI: Rm \nsftmsebp Hcp

|AhcpsS ]WvUnXamscbpw ]ptcmlnXamscbpw

|\n Amlpsh Bcm[npIbpw Aht\mSv bm

|IogvhWw Amlphn\v am{Xw BnsImv EPpa\

|XtmSv ]ptNsSpXv Amlp Hcnepw s]mdp

|XtmSv ]ptNsSpXv Amlp Hcnepw s]mdp

|sFlnIPohnXsbpw AXns AemcsbpamWv

|]nI AmlphnpXmIpp. AXn\m \n

|Rm\msX bmsXmcp ssZhhpan. AXn\m

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