Mount Everest I-Measuring a Mountain a. Mount Everest is 29, 035 feet above sea level. b.

Mauna Loa is 56,000 feet from the base. c. Mauna Loa is 13,000 feet above sea level. d. One way to measure is from base to summit. II-One of Many Towering Mountains a. Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world. b. Some other tall mountains are K2 and Mount Kailas. III-Pangaea a. People thought that 225 million years ago, the continents were all mashed up together. b. South America and Africa were once together years ago. IV-Plate Tectonics a. A bunch of small pieces were smashed together to form our 7 continents. b. Plate Tectonics is were the earth's plates divide or separate. c. Scientists think that the earth's plates are in constant motion. V-The Great Breakup

a. When a continent smashes into another continent, they can't pass under each other because of its buoyancy. b. It takes hundreds of years for a continent to move an inch. c. A mountain forms when a continent hits another continent head on. VI-The Four Ranges of the Himalayas a. The Himalayas are somewhat new and has the tallest mountains in the world. b. Its been tallest for 600,000 years. c. There are four ranges. VII-Changes in the Himalayas a. Some earthquakes are occurring in the Himalayas. b. Scientists think 80 % of the world's fresh water is locked in glaciers. c. Glaciers are melting, so people in Nepal, Bhutan and India have fresh water to drink. VIII-A Fiery Lava Lake a. Nyiragongo is located at the divergent boundary between two tectonic plates. b. About 2,000 people died when Nyiragongo erupted in 1977. c. The lava moves at a speed of 60 mph. and was more than 150 feet wide in some places.

IX-Lava Flows into the City a. When the volcano erupted, the lava gushed into a village of about 500,000 people in 2002. b. Nyiragongo's lava lake rose again less than a year later. c. The volcano held about 50,000 tons of sulfur dioxide, a gas that hazardous to people.