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Physics
Structured essay
(01)
To measure the mass (m) of a piece of iron, a meter ruler, weight (w) and some strings are provided to the two
students P and Q
The student P stated that suspending the piece of iron at the one end of the ruler and the weight at the other
end of the ruler and thereafter placing the middle of the ruler on a knife edge.
The student B has placed the ruler on the knife edge and balanced it at the beginning. Thereafter the piece of
iron and the weight suspended at the two ends and balanced the system.
(a)
The teacher said Qs method is correct from the above two methods.
Do you agree with this ? if so give reason for your answer.
.
.
.
(b) (i) Draw the arrangement for Qs method and mark the forces acting on the rod, the distance from the knife to the
piece of iron is 1 and to the weight is 2.
(c)
Student P says that the weight using in this experiment should be approximately equal to the weight of the
piece of the iron what is the reason for this ?
.
.
.
(d)
If you have to extend this experiment to measure the relative density of the iron, what is the extra
measurement () you have to take in addition to the measurements 1 and 2
.
.
(e)
Write down and expression for the relative density of iron , in terms of 1 , 2 and .
(02) The diagram shows a plane wavefront produced by a ripple tank. The base of the tank is made of glass.
Assume that no reflections of wave at the edges of the tank. The vibrator oscillates with a frequency of 20 Hz.
The diagram drawn to scales.
tank
Vibrator attached to
the frame
water
Wooden bar
(a)
Plane wavefront
(ii) Measure and write the wave length of the wave produced
..
..
(b)
How do you obtain circular wavefronts and the plane wavefronts from the ripple tank.
.
.....
.
(c)
What arrangements made to minimize the reflections of the wave in the ripple tank
(d)
(e)
Wave speed is given by V = (g h )1/2, g is acceleration due to gravity and h is depth of water. Determine the
depth of water in the tank.
(f)
In circular wavefront the distance between first and the ninth wavefront is 40 cm. find the wavelength of
the wave
(g) (i) How do you prepare two regions in the ripple tank to demonstrate the refraction.
.
.
(ii)
Draw the pattern of the wave front from deeper to shallower and deeper in the following box.
deeper
(03)
:.
:.
:.
(d) What is the method you used to obtain the thermal equilibrium state of gas in the bulb and water in the
water bath
(e) The graph shown is plotted using the measurement is this experiment.
P (Hg cm)
87.5
77.5
T (K)
(i) Obtain a relationship between temperature and pressure by using the graph.
..
..
..
..
(ii)
At 37 C, the difference of heights of the mercury columns is 1.5 cm. Calculate the difference in
heights of mercury columns at 77 C
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..
..
..
..
(f)
A student suggests to use a spherical bulb of same volume instead of bulb Y to obtain higher accuracy.
Do you agree with the suggestion ? explain why ?
..
..
..
..
(04)
The Current Balance consists of a rectangular conducting frame. The rectangular frame is counterbalanced by a long beam having a movable counter-balance mass on it and a magnetically damped vane
on its end. The vane also serves as a zero-position indicator.
Directly below the long side of the rectangular frame is a parallel conductor carrying the same current in
the oppo- site direction. The height of this conductor is adjustable to allow different separations between
the conductors. Also either end can be lowered or raised independently of the other to make the two
conductors parallel.
(a) State the flemings left hand rule which is related to this
.
.
.
(b) When the magnetic poles are existed as shown what is the direction of current should be? State whether it is
from P to Q or Q to P ?
.
.
(c) If you are provided the necessary pieces of wires complete the above circuit diagram to start the practical.
(d) At the beginning of the experiment the variable resistance has to be maintained in a mean value.
What is the reason for this ?
(e) At the beginning of the experiment the insulated frame PQRS is brought to the horizontal position by
moving the weight M along its axis. Then the pointer of the frame shown the zero reading when the
switch K is on a current I flows through PQ. Write down an expression for the force on PQ if the
length is and the magnetic field strength is B.
(f) Draw the graph to show the variation of force (F) with length ()
(g) Explain how do you find the magnetic field strength B, if the weight of the magnet is known.
.
.
.
(h) Can you observe the variation of ammeter reading If PQ oscillate up and down.
Physics
Isipathana College
Grade 13
Two hours
Section B - Essay
g = 10 Nkg-1
(05)
h0
h
A water bottle of area A = 3.8 X 10-3 m2 containing water at atmospheric pressure is sealed shut with an initial
volume of air V0 = 1.5 X 10-4 m3 and brought to top mount where the pressure is 0.88 atm. A hole is punched
in the side of the bottle a distance h0 = 10.0 cm below the water level. Assume the flow is steady out of the
hole, and ignore any effects due to the hole. 1 atm = 1.0 X 105 Nm-2.
(i)
What is the magnitude of the velocity of the efflux through the hole immediately after the hole is punched ?
(ii)
Assume the air is an ideal gas, what is the air pressure in the bottle as a function of the height h of the water
level above the hole ?
(iii)
What is the magnitude of the velocity of the efflux through the hole as a function of height h of the water level
above the hole ?
(06)
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
(c)
Now the lens of focal length 5 cm is replaced by another convex lens of focal length 50 cm and now the object
is placed at a distance of 100 cm in front of it, the final image is observed at a distance of 25 cm from the eye.
(i)
(ii)
(07)
(i)
(ii)
Write down the equation of thermal conduction at steady state and name the terms.
K1
100C
(iii)
K2
K3
0 C
Consider the compound bar consisting three bars AB , BC , and CD of identical dimensions,
connected in series. But all three are made of different materials. The ends A and B are at steady
temperatures 100 C and 0 C respectively. Sketch the graphs for the variation of temperature with
the distance X measured from end A, at steady state for the for the following situations.(K1, K2 and K3
are the thermal conductivities of lagged bars AB , BC and CD respectively.)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(08)
K1=K3K2
K1K2K3
K1=K3 and CD is an ideal thermal conductor.
AB and CD are ideal thermal conductors.
(a)
In a house with brick walls the temperature inside is 25 C and the temperature outside is 35 C.
If the thickness the wall is 12 cm, what amount of heat will conduct through an area of 1 m2 of this
wall in an hour ?
(b)
Now the either side of brick wall is parallel with wood of thickness 3 cm. Now what amount of heat
will conduct through an area of 1m2 of this wall in one minute. The heat conductivities of brick and wood
are 0.48 Wm-1K-1 and 0.15 Wm-1K-1 respectively.
Distinguish the difference between electro motive force (emf) and potential difference.
Electric energy can be stored in an emf source from other energy sources.
Name three different sources of emf and state the energy transformation.
2V
r=1
E
(j)
10
10
(ii)
(iii)