MPA 9 / .

610 ( 5)
13 2550
08:00-17:00 .
. .

Cross Culture
1.

2.

3.

4. /
(
)

(
194)

A (American)

(Japan)

Page 1 of 20

Z ( A + J)
-

Re-engineering Hammer & Chamber

Harmony ()
4 Hofstede
(Power Distance)

(Uncertainly
Avoidance)

Page 2 of 20

1.

2.

3.

(Individualism vs Collectivism)
*

(Masculinity vs
Femininity)
* Masculinity :

career
success

* Femininity :

Cluster Analysis ( 25 - 26)

:
, ,
:
:
:

:

1. Prejudice : /
Page 3 of 20

Parochial : Our way is the only way (

)
Ethnocentricism (Ethnic- + Center) :

(Our way is the best way)
.... ,
Racist

2. Stereotype

3.
4.

5.

Creating Cultural Synergy :

(Situation Description)

(Synergistic Solution)

(Adler 1997)

Cultural
Dominance

Cultural Synergy

Cultural
Compromise
Page 4 of 20

Cultural Avoidance

Cultural
Accommodation

(Self-Organization)
10

(
)

-

1.

2.
3.

4. (Morgan, 1997)

Self-Organization
: SDU (Service Delivery Unit)
Autonomy Autonomous Decentralization

(Public Autonomous Organization) -

Autonomous Hospital

() . ()
concept of Self-Organization
Page 5 of 20

4 :
, ,
(),
concept SelfOrganization

Self-Organization (
Profit Center)

Self Organization
Autonomous

BU1
Profit (
)

Autonomous
Hospital

Autonomous
University

SDU

Business Unit : BU BU (

function, process and etc.)

1. Profit Center
2. Customer Marketing
3. Autonomy ()
4. Self-Contained Organization

)
. :
() (BU )

()

BU1

BU 2

BU 3

Page
6 of 20

(
)
1. (Decision-making)
2. (Organizational
Learning)

:
SO
1. (Rational Model)
Self Organization
(
;
Economic Man
; Maximize Utilities)

SO
....()

(
)

/ (Imperfect &

Incomplete
information)

/ (Information Bias)
Page 7 of 20

 (Selective Perception)

/
(Sterotyping)

(Cognitive

Complexity)

(Stress)
Rational Model
Economic Man
Maximized profit/maximized utilization

Rational Model
1. (Intelligence)
2. (Design)
3. (Choice)
4. (Implementation)
3.

(Bounded Rational
Model)
Self Organization
Bounded Rational Model (Herbert A.

Simon)

Optimization Satisfaction

Page 8 of 20

Senge (1990)
Argyris &
Schon

Adaptive L.
Single-loop L.

Generative L.
Double-loop L.

Senge The Fifth Discipline (

)

Single-loop Double-loop
Single & Double Loop Learning (
36)
Single Loop
30 (
How to

)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Double Loop; DL (
Why?....)
.... Self Organization
DL


....
Autonomy (Decentralization)
(Participation) ..
( Why)
Page 9 of 20

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

30

()

4.

5.

(Bureaucratic Model)

Self Organization
(Political Model)


Self
Organization

6.

(Garbage Can Model)

()
Self Organization

(Hypothesis) ?

....

(Economic Man)

1.

Page 10 of 20

2.

3.

1.
2.
3. double loop
4.

5. (Groupthink) -

Groupthink (

(Mode of thinking)

Stereotype

Self Censorship

()

Page 11 of 20

( Groupthink
38 )
Self Censorship >

Case Study :
1.
Cross-Culture & Corporate Culture

....
Adler
3

1.
2.
Hofstede (4 )
interpretation.....

Adler :

Cultural Accommodations

2.
Single Loop


. (Groupthink)
...

Page 12 of 20

() ...
10
.
tablet
(
)

Means to achieve some result or to solve some problem; outcome

of a process influenced by many forces (Gibson, et al, 2000).
The process of developing commitment to some course of action
(John, 1996).

(The Knowledge Organization)

Why


1. -
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
: Knowledge-based Economy

Page 13 of 20

 (Nokia) :
R & D
(3.48%) R & D 0.5%
( : )
Growth Competitiveness 2005
USA
Expert System (1980) :
KM Harvard Business Review
1991

1. Sustainable Competitive Advantage (

)
Shorter life-cycle of innovation ()
Knowledge as an infinite resources
2. Globalization ()
2.1 Knowledge-based Economy
2.2 Glocalization (Global + Local => ....Think Globally, Act Locally)
3. Rapid Change ( )
3.1 Avoid obsolescence
3.2 Streamline process
3.3 Sense and respond to change
4. Embedded Knowledge ()
4.1 Smart products
4.2 Value-added through intangibles
5. Downsizing ()
5.1 Loss of knowledge
5.2 Lack of time & resources for knowledge acquisition

( KM
)
1.

Page 14 of 20


3.

4.

5.

6.
7.

8.

9.

10.

2.

1.

.. 2546
3 3
2.

50-200
(
44)
(
45)
(Data) (Data Processing)
(Information) (Knowledge
action) (Knowhow
)
Page 15 of 20

 information
. .
.... 2 () ...

...
... ...
.
...
....
... ..

...... K
Knowledge
Knowledge Management Process (

47)
Connectedness
Wisdom
Understanding Principles

Knowledge

Information

Understanding Patterns

Understanding Relation
Data
Understanding

Page 16 of 20

Knowledge
1. Explicit Knowledge
2. Tacit Knowledge

.....

Knowledge Creation

Knowledge Utilization

Knowledge Codification

Knowledge Distribution

(
48)

Tacit Knowledge Tacit Knowledge (Socialization) Explicit Knowledge

(Externalization)
Explicit Knowledge Tacit Knowledge (Internalization) Explicit
Knowledge (Combination) Explicit

Explicit Combination ()
Explicit
Tacit Internalization ( Learning
by Doing)
SECI : Socialization, Externalization, Combination and Internalization

Knowledge Vision (KV)

Page 17 of 20

 Knowledge Sharing (KS)

Knowledge Assets (KA)
(
52)
(
52)
KM (
53)
CKO Chief Knowledge Officer
CIO Chief Information Officer

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Dont be evil (Google)

(Core
Value)>>>> ..() Dont be
evil, please pay the tax .and go to hell .

Page 18 of 20

 (
...)

(Corporate Culture and Cross-Culture)
Transformation Leadership
Hofstede

Self Organization
(Rational or Bounded Rational)
Single loop and Double loop
KM
Vision Mission

5 (
5.6, 6.4)
9, 10 and 12

E-mail : tippalor@nida.ac.th
Tel
: 02-727 3860

*************
Page 19 of 20

Page 20 of 20