Brodmann's Classification System

The Frontal Lobe contains areas that Brodmann identified as involved in cognitive functioning and in speech and language. Area 4 corresponds to the precentral gyrus or primary motor area. Area 6 is the premotor or supplemental motor area. Area 8 is anterior of the premotor cortex. It facilitates eye movements and is involved in visual reflexes as well as pupil dilation and constriction. Areas 9, 10, and 11 are anterior to area 8. They are involved in cognitive processes like reasoning and judgment which may be collectively called biological intelligence including executive function.. Areas 44 and 45 are Broca's area. Areas in the Parietal Lobe play a role in somatosensory processes. Areas 3, 2, and 1 are located on the primary sensory strip, with area 3 being above the other two. These are somasthetic areas, meaning that they are the primary sensory areas for touch and proprioception including kinesthesia. Areas 5, 7, and 40 are found posterior to the primary sensory strip and are considered presensory association areas where somatosensory processing occurs. Area 39 is the angular gyrus. Areas involved in the processing of auditory information and semantics as well as the appreciation of smell are found in the Temporal Lobe. Area 41 is Heschl's gyrus, the primary auditory area. Area 42 immediately inferior to area 41 and is also involved in the detection and recognition of speech. The processing done in this area of the cortex provides a more detailed analysis than that done in area 41. Areas 21 and 22 are the auditory association areas. Both areas are divided into two parts; one half of each area lies on either side of area 42.Collectively they can be called Wernicke's area. Area 37 is found on the posterior-inferior part of the temporal lobe. Lesions here can cause anomia. The Occipital Lobe contains areas that process visual stimuli. Area 17 is the primary visual area. Areas 18 and 19 are the secondary visual (association) areas where visual processing occurs.

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