III Year B.Tech.

Biotechnology

VI - Semester

L 3

T 1

P -

To 4

C 4

(BT316) ENZYME TECHNOLOGY

Objectives of the Course : To acquaint the student with classification of enzymes, mechanism of action, isolation methods, kinetics and applications. Also about immobilization techniques and bioreactor designing. UNIT I: Introduction to Enzymes: 1. Classification of enzymes, Applications of Enzymes, Principles of catalysis collision theory, transition state theory, role of entropy in catalysis, Comparison of chemical and enzyme catalysis. Stability, deactivation & catalytic activities. 2. Mechanisms of enzyme action, Concept of active site and energetics of enzyme substrate complex formation, Specificity of enzyme reaction. UNIT II: Isolation of Enzymes: 1. Extraction and Purification of Crude Enzyme extracts from plant, animal and microbial sources. 2. Methods of characterization of enzymes and different characteris tics, Development of enzymatic assays. UNIT III: Kinetics of Enzyme Action: 1. Kinetics of single substrate reactions; Estimation of Michaelis Menten parameters, Importance of KM, Multisubstrate reaction mechanisms and kinetics, Turnover number. 2. Types of Inhibition- kinetic models, Substrate and Product Inhibition, Allosteric regulation of enzymes, Deactivation kinetics. UNIT IV: Enzyme Immobilization: Physical and Chemical techniques for enzyme Immobilization - adsorption. matrix entrapment, encapsulation, cross-linking, covalent binding examples, Advantages and disadvantages of different Immobilization techniques, Overview of applications of immobilized enzyme systems. UNIT V: Immobilized Enzyme Reactors: Design of Immobilized Enzyme Reactors-Packedbed, Fluidizedbed Membrane reactors, Bioconversion calculations in free- enzyme CSTRs and immobilized enzyme reactors. Stability, Deactivation & Catalytic activities. TEXT BOOKS: 1. Trevor palmer - Enzymes, First edition, East west Press, 2004. 2. James E Bailey, David F., Ollis - Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals, 2nd edition. Mc Graw Hill Intl., 1986. REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. James Lee - Biochemical Engineering , First edition, PHI, 1992. 2. Harvey W. Blanch, Douglas S. Clark - Biochemical Engineering, First Indian edition, Marcel Dekker, Inc. 2007. 3. Shuler, M.L. and Kargi,F. Bioprocess Engineering - Basic concepts Second Edition Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., 2005

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