Chemical Formulas and Nomenclature (Naming)

Ionic Substances Contains a METAL (Exception NH4+) Formula Writing Naming Determine Charge 1. Metals retain their name. 1. CATIONS 2. SINGLE nonmetal Metals and Ammonium change ending to IDE. (NH4+) Sulfur = Sulfide have a positive Nitrogen = Nitride Oxygen = Oxide charge Example: Na+, Mg 2+, 3. Polyatomic ions NH4+ retain their names. Covalent (Molecular) Substances All Nonmetals BASIC Formula Writing BASIC Naming Look at prefixes! Look at subscripts in formula. Example: Remember that the Carbon Monoxide = CO subscripts tell the number of atoms in the Carbon Dioxide = CO2 molecule! Dihydrogen Monoxide = H2O Trinitrogen Pentachloride = N3Cl5 & MEMORIZE mono = 1 di = 2 tri = 3 tetra = 4 penta = 5 hexa = 6 hepta = 7 octa = 8 Example: NO2 __nitrogen dioxide (No mono in the blank!) N2F6 Dinitrogen hexafluoride

USE PERIODIC TABLE OR ION CHART TO CHECK CHARGES! 2. ANIONS Nonmetals including Polyatomic ions have a negative charge

SO4 = Sulfate CN = Cyanide 4. ROMAN NUMERALS are used to show the charge on metals that have more than one charge. Example: FeO = Iron (II) Oxide Fe2O3 = Iron (III) Oxide *Use ion chart to determine if a metal has more than one charge.

MEMORIZE THE PREFIXES AND THIS IS EASY!!!!!!!!

* Note: do not use MONO on the first element if there is only one atom.

charge (Exception: NH4+) Example: SO4 = SO42CN = CNO = O2N = N33. USE subscripts to neutralize the charges. Na+ O2-

Na2O