Trnh Vn Loan Khoa CNTT HBK H Ni

BI TP X L TING NI
Bi 1.
Hm truyn t ca mt b lc s tn s formant Fk c cho bi:

H k (z) =

1 2 z k cos k + z k

2
2

1 2 z k cos k z 1 + z k z 2

trong z k = e k T , k = 2Fk T , T: chu k ly mu, 2 k : di thng.

V cc im cc ca Hk(z) trong mt phng Z
Vit phng trnh sai phn m t quan h gia tn hiu ra yk(n) v tn hiu vo xk(n)
V s khi ca b lc s ny vi 3 b nhn.
Bng cch sp xp li cc s hng ca phng trnh sai phn, v s khi ca b lc s ch
c 2 b nhn
Ak
A
Bi 2. H s phn x rk c nh ngha: rk = k + 1
Chng minh rng rk tho mn :
Ak + 1 + Ak
1 r k 1
Bi 3. Mt h thng pht hin tn s c bn gm c M b lc thng di gi thit l l tng c
tn s ct v pha tn s thp ca b lc th k cho bi:
Fk = 2k-1F1 vi k = 1, 2, ...M.
v tn s ct v pha tn s cao cho bi:
Fk+1 = 2kF1 vi k = 1, 2, ...M.
Cc tn s ct ny c la chn sao cho nu a mt tn hiu tun hon c tn s c bn F0 ti
u vo ca b lc vi Fk < F0 < Fk+1 th u ra ca cc b lc th 1 n k1 s c nng lng rt
yu, u ra b lc th k s cho tn s c bn cn cc b lc t th k+1 n M s cho ra 1 hoc
nhiu hi ca tn s c bn. u ra ca mi b lc ngi ta s c cc b pht hin v xc nh
tn s c bn.
a. Hy xc nh v gii thch cch la chn F1 v M sao cho h thng ny c th nh gi c
cc tn s c bn nm trong khong 50 Hz < F0 < 800 Hz
b. V s khi ca h thng ny v gii thch nguyn l lm vic ca n.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Bi 4: M hnh thc t ca tr khng bc x ca tuyn m cho bi

PA (A, ) = Z A () U(A, ) vi Z A () =

jL r R r
R r + jL r

trong PA (A, ) v U(A, ) ln lt l p sut v thng lng ti mi. Gi thit rng tit din
ca ng m hc c bn u cui ca tuyn m (v pha mi) l An. Ta c th biu din u cui
ca tuyn m theo s nh sau

u +n ( t )

u n ( t )

Tr
n

u n+ ( t n )
1 + rA

rA
Tr
n

u n ( t + n )
1

u n (A n , t )

Trnh Vn Loan Khoa CNTT HBK H Ni

Hy thit lp quan h gia bin i Fourier ca u n ( t + n ) v u +n ( t n )

Bi 5
1) Hnh v a) l dng tn hiu ting ni. Hy cho bit y l tn hiu ng vi m hu thanh hay
v thanh. V sao ?
2) Trc khi phn tch ph, dng
0.2
tn hiu a) c th c bin
i thnh b). Cch bin i
a)
0
nh th no v bin i nh
vy lm g ?
3) Hnh c) c tnh ton xut
-0.2
0
200
400
600
800 1000 1200 ms
pht t hnh b). Hnh c) gm
0.2
ng nt mnh v ng nt
m. ng nt mnh l g v
b)
0
ng nt m l g ? Nhng
thng tin c c t hnh v
c) l g ? T tn hiu hnh b)
-0.2
0
200
400
600
800 1000 1200 ms
c th thc hin bin i th
no c ng nt mnh ?
40
40
Cng t tn hiu hnh b) c
bao nhiu phng php c
20
20
ng nt m ? Trnh by
cc phng php .
0
0
4) So snh 2 hnh v c) v d) c
th thy rng ng nt mnh
-20
-20
ca 2 hnh l nh nhau nhng
ng nt m ca hnh c)
-40
-40
trn hn ng nt m ca
hnh d). T cc phng php
-60
-60
0
2000
4000 Hz
0
2000
4000 Hz
ni mc 3), thay i
tham s no s dn n s
c)
d)
khc nhau ny ?
Bi 6 B lc hiu chnh dng trong x l ting ni thng c hm truyn t c dng :
H(z) = 1 az1. Trong a l hng s.
a) Xc nh biu thc ca p ng tn s ca b lc hiu chnh
b) Xc nh v v dng p ng bin ca b lc vi a = 0,98.
c) Vit phng trnh sai phn cho quan h vora ca b lc ny.
Bi 7 Tn hiu ti thanh mn thng c m phng bi biu thc sau:

na
g(n) =
0

n0
n<0

trong a l hng s.
a) Hy xc nh bin i z ca g(n).
b) Xc nh bin ca bin i Fourier ca g(n), tc l G(e j ) .
c) Cn phi chn a nh th no cho:
2

Trnh Vn Loan Khoa CNTT HBK H Ni

20 lg G(e ) 20 lg G(e ) = 60 dB
j0

Bi 8. Cc
hnh v bn
lin quan n
cc thao tc
i vi tn hiu
ting ni
hnh a).
a) Hy a ra
cc thng tin
thu nhn t cc
hnh .
b) Thao tc
no lin quan
n cc hnh
b), d), e), f).
Gii thch cc
thao tc .

Hnh a)

Hnh b)
2

0.05

1.5

1
0.5

-0.05
800

900

1000
1100
Hnh c)

1200

1300

0.2

0.4
0.6
Hnh d)

0.8

800

900

1000
1100
Hnh f)

1200

0.02
0.01

0.5

0
-0.01

-0.02
0

100

200
300
Hnh e)

400

500

1300

0
Decibels

0.5
0
-0.5

-20
-40
-60

-1

10

Bi 9 Ph ca mt nguyn
m cho bi hnh v bn.
Bit rng tn s ly mu
bng 10 kHz v tuyn m
ng vi ng m c tit
din u. Hy xc nh cc
tn s formant, tn s c
bn v gii thch kt qu.

1000
2000
3000
4000
Frequency in Hz units

5000