AGARIN ALDEMITA ALVEZ ANSON ASPERAS BALMEO BARTOLOME BAWALAN BERNARD BINAG BISAREZ BOOL CABIGTIN

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CASTELO CLOSA CO COMO CONDE CRUZ DELA CRUZ DELA DIAZ DOMING EVANGELIST GABUYO GALANG
BATCH 2010 Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila –effort
College of Medicine
ROSA
whether
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done by a voluntary or a
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FCM 3 - THE DOCTOR andgovernment

PUBLIC HEALTH
agency by Dra. Cruz
13-june-08

GENEBLAZ ILAGAN ISANAN JAMORALIN JOSE LAGAS LAZARO LIBIRAN LINTAG LUZA MAGSAKAY MALLARE MANZAN
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MATIAS MENDING MOZO NAGUIT ODEVILLAS PATIGAS PRELIGERA QUIBULUE RAMOS REAŇO REQUINTA RODRIGUEZ SALVADO
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SOMBILLA SOSA TOLED UBALDE VEGO VERGAR VILLANUEVA VILORIA
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SESSION OBJECTIVES: ROLES OF A PUBLIC HEALTH DOCTOR

1. To define Preventive Medicine and Public Health 1. Healer
2. To discuss the roles of a public health doctor 2. Educator
3. To discuss the concept, approach and goal of 3. Administrator
PHC 4. Researcher
4. To discuss Health for All in the 21st Century 5. Social mobilizer
based on the ff:
a. Policy objectives 1970s – growing demand for improved health
b. Goals WHO’s answer was expressed in the
c. Global Health targets to 2020 slogan
Health for All by the Year 2000
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
- the science & art of preventing disease, 1978 – Alma Alta Conference on PHC
prolonging life & promoting Physical and Mental > jointly sponsored by the WHO and
Health and efficiency UNICEF
> discussed PHC as one of the ways to
bring about the
Medical Practitioner Public goal of HFA
Health Practitioner
dealing w/ individuals dealing w/
groups of
& families
individuals in a community
WHAT IS PRIMARY HEALTH CARE?

Clinical Practice Types of PHC:

Public Health  hospital or clinic-based
 community-based
PUBLIC HEALTH  community managed
- the science & art of preventing disease,
prolonging life & promoting physical & mental THE CONCEPT
health & efficiency thru:
PHILOSOPHY based on values
Organized Community Effort for:  Health as fundamental human right
 the sanitation of the environment  Health as individual collective responsibility
 the control of community infections  Health as equal opportunity
 the education of the individual in principles of  Health as an essential element of socio-
personal hygiene economic development
 the organization of medical services for the - productivity of the people  no socio-
early diagnosis and economic dev’t
treatment of diseases
 the development of a social machinery which STRUCTURE that is part of the health care
will ensure a standard of living adequate for system that takes place in the community
the maintenance of health
SERVICES that include:
The Agencies set to carry out organized  Education
community health activities:  Food supply and nutrition
1. Voluntary – private, supported wholly or in large  Safe water and sanitation
part by non-tax  MCH and Family Planning
funds
ex. NGOs, private clinics, private Immunization
foundations  Disease Prevention and Control
2. Governmental – health work carried on thru  Treatment of common diseases
organized community  Essential Drugs

by: goldi ^_^, adi,, buff, ezrah

THE APPROACH b. combat poverty as a reflection of PHC’s concern
 Partnership with the community for social justice
 Intersectoral Coordination c. promote equity in access to health care
Intrasectoral – DOH w/ other health care d. build partnerships to include families,
systems such as communities & their organizations
district hospitals, clinics  e. reorient health systems towards promotion of
w/in the Health Sector health & prevention of disease
Intersectoral – DOH with other government
agencies or GOALS OF HFA
institutions such as the LGU,  An increase in the life expectancy & in the
NGOs, etc. quality of life for all
 Appropriate Technology  Improved equity in health between and within
a. practical – simple to use by the countries
community under local  Access for all to sustainable health systems &
conditions services
b. scientifically sound – produces side
effects with minimal GLOBAL HFA TARGETS to 2020
harm
c. acceptable to the community TARGET 1: By 2005, health equity indices will be
 Suitable Manpower used within & between countries as a basis for
 Self-reliance promoting & monitoring equity in health
 Equitable distribution of health resources  equity will be assessed on the basis of a
- based on needs measure of child growth
 Appropriate health system infrastructure  The percentage of children under 5 yrs who are
stunted should be less than 20% in all
THE GOAL countries and in all specific subgroups within
TO ACHIEVE HEALTH FOR ALL THAT IS countries by 2020
 Accesible to everyone
TARGET 2: By 2020, the targets agreed at world
 Acceptable and affordable to everyone
conferences for MMR (maternal mortality rate),
 Based in the community or workplace
under-five or child mortality rate (CMR) and life
expectancy will be met

MMR – less than 100 / 100,000 live births

CMR – less than 45 / 1000 live births
Life expectancy at birth – over 70 yrs for all
HEALTH FOR ALL IN THE 21ST CENTURY
countries
- aims to help realize the vision of Health for All
Optional indicators: infant, neonatal, and adult
launched at the Alma Alta Conference in 1978
mortality rates
- it sets out for the first 2 decades of the 21st
century, global priorities and targets w/c will
TARGET 3: By 20202, the worldwide burden of
create conditions for people worldwide to reach
disease will be substantially decreased
and maintain the highest attainable level of health
 achieved thru disease control programs aimed
throughout their lives
at reversing
- HFA in the 21st Century is a continuation of the
current trends of increasing incidence and
HFA process
disability caused by:
TB, HIV/AIDS, Malaria, Tobacco related diseases,
Keys to Achieving HFA: Lessons and
and violence
Progress
and trauma
a. PHC as an approach has provided impetus and
energy to progress towards HFA  impact will be quantified in terms of premature
b. Some progress has been made in ensuring death and disability
access to the original 8 PHC elements
c. PHC remains valid as the point of entry into a
comprehensive health care system
d. Intersectoral action for health has not been fully
achieved TARGET 4: Eradicate and Eliminate certain
e. Reorientation of health services & personnel to diseases
PHC principles remains elusive  Measles will be eradicated by 2020
f. Community participation takes time and  Lymphatic filariasis will be eliminated by 2020
dedication  Transmission of Chagas disease will be
interrupted by 2010
POLICY OBJECTIVES  Leprosy will be eliminated by 2010
a. make health central to development & enhance  Trachoma will be eliminate by 2020
prospects for intersectoral action

by: goldi ^_^, adi,, buff, ezrah

 Vitamin A and iodine deficiencies will be - owari -
eliminated by 2020

TARGET 5: By 2020, all countries through

intersectoral action, will have made proper
progress in making available safe drinking water,
adequate sanitation, foord and shelter in sufficient
quantity and quality

Proportion of households/people:
 with regular access to sufficient and safe
drinking water
 with adequate sanitation facilities
 living in shelter that is structurally safe & sited
on safe land
 with access to sufficient and safe food

TARGET 6: By 2020, all countries will have

introduced & be actively managing and monitoring
strategies that strengthen health-enhancing
lifestyles & weaken health damaging ones through
a combination of regulatory, economic,
educational, organizational, and community-based
programmes

TARGET 7: By 2005, all member states will have

operational mechanisms for developing,
implementing and monitoring policies that are
consistent with this HFA policy

Indicators should be applied to measure:

 the quality of community involvement
 existence of a policy as reflected in terms of
national legislation
 resource allocation in line with the policy
 technical cooperation

TARGET 8: By 2010, all people will have access

throughout their lives to comprehensive, essential,
quality health care, supported by essential public
health functions
 provide sustainable financing for PHC
 invest in human & institutional capacity for
health
 optimize private and public sector support
 strengthen research to support & advance PHC
 implement global, national, and local
surveillance and monitoring systems

TARGET 9: by 2010, appropriate global and

national health information, surveillance & alert
systems will be established
 enable countries to monitor & evaluate their
health situation, performance of their services
& impact of their policies

TARGET 10: By 2010, research policies and

institutional mechanisms will be operational at
global, regional, and country level
 all countries need to define their research
priorities and ensure that research is funded
and managed

by: goldi ^_^, adi,, buff, ezrah