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101 m dm
decimetre
2
10 m cm
centimetre
3
10 m mm millimetre
106 m m
micrometre
9
10 m nm
nanometre

101 m dam decametre


102 m hm
hectometre
3
10 m km
kilometre
106 m Mm megametre
109 m Gm
gigametre

, (yard) ,
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feet=0,304m) (1 inch=0,0254m).
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3. , 0.01-1m,
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1 =0.25 mm

10,7m

2=0.80 mm

8,62m

3=2.50 mm

12,56m

17: 20,25mm

8: 24,40mm

16: 15/16 + 6/128


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1. ) 10(), .

15,8mm
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2. 11() .
0,5mm.

2,56mm

3.

1 =0.25 mm

10,7m

2=0.80 mm

8,62m

3=2.50 mm

12,56m


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