I S 802 (P a r t 1/Sec 2) : 1992

(Rea ffi r med 1998)

Ed i t i on 4.1
(1998-01)
Indian S tandard
USE OF STRUCTURAL STEEL IN OVERHEAD
TRANSMISSION LINE TOWERS CODE
OF PRACTICE
P ART 1 MATERI AL, LOADS AND P ERMI SSI BLE STRESSES
Sect i on 2 P er mi ssi b le St r esses
( Third Revision )
(Incor por at ing Amendment No. 1)
UDC 621.315.668.2
BIS 2002
B U R E A U O F I N D I A N S T A N D A R D S
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002
P r i ce Gr ou p 6
St r uct ur al Engineer ing Sect ional Commit t ee, CED 7
FOREWORD
This Indian St andar d (Thir d Revision) was adopt ed by t he Bur eau of Indian St andar ds, aft er t he
dr aft finalized by t he St r uct ur al Engineer ing Sect ional Commit t ee had been appr oved by t he Civil
Engineer ing Division Council.
This st andar d has been pr epar ed wit h a view t o est ablish unifor m pr act ices for design, fabr icat ion,
t est ing and inspect ion of over head t r ansmission line t ower s. Par t 1 of t he st andar d cover s
r equir ement s in r egar d t o mat er ial, t ypes of t ower s, loading and per missible st r esses apar t fr om
ot her r elevant design pr ovisions. Pr ovisions for fabr icat ion, galvanizing, inspect ion and packing
have been cover ed in Par t 2 wher eas pr ovisions for t est ing of t hese t ower s have been cover ed in
Par t 3 of t he st andar d.
This st andar d (Par t 1) was fir st published in 1967 and subsequent ly r evised in 1973 and 1977. In
t his r evision, t he code has been split in t wo sect ions namely Sect ion 1 Mat er ials and loads, and
Sect ion 2 Per missible st r esses. Ot her major modificat ions effect ed in t his r evision (Sect ion 2) ar e
as under :
a) Per missible st r esses in st r uct ur al member s have been given in t er ms of t he yield st r engt h of
t he mat er ial. Wit h t he inclusion of bolt s of pr oper t y class 5.6 of IS 12427 : 1988, per missible
st r esses for t hese bolt s have also been included.
b) Cr it ical st r ess in compr ession F
cr
has been modified for widt h/t hickness r at io of t he angles
exceeding t he limit ing value for calculat ing t he allowable unit compr essive st r esses.
c) Effect ive slender ness r at ios ( KL/r ) for r edundant member s have been included and
pr ovisions fur t her elabor at ed.
d) Examples for t he det er minat ion of slender ness r at ios have been ext ended t o include K and
X br acings wit h and wit hout secondar y member s.
Designs pr ovisions or ot her it ems not cover ed in t his st andar d shall gener ally be in accor dance
wit h IS 800 : 1984 Code of pr act ice for gener al const r uct ion in st eel ( second revision ).
While pr epar ing t his st andar d, pr act ices pr evailing in t he count r y in t his field have been kept in
view. Assist ance has also been der ived fr om t he Guide for design of st eel t r ansmission line t ower s
(second edit ion) ASCE Manual No. 52, issued by Amer ican Societ y of Civil Engineer s (ASCE)
New Yor k, 1988.
This edit ion 4.1 incor por at es Amendment No. 1 (J anuar y 1998). Side bar indicat es modificat ion of
t he t ext as t he r esult of incor por at ion of t he amendment s.
For t he pur pose of deciding whet her a par t icular r equir ement of t his Code is complied wit h, t he
final value, obser ved or calculat ed, expr essing t he r esult of a t est , shall be r ounded off in
accor dance wit h IS 2 : 1960 Rules for r ounding off numer ical values ( revised ). The number of
significant places r et ained in t he r ounded off value should be t he same as t hat of t he specified
value in t his st andar d.
I S 802 (P a r t 1/Sec 2) : 1992
1
Indian S tandard
USE OF STRUCTURAL STEEL IN OVERHEAD
TRANSMISSION LINE TOWERS CODE
OF PRACTICE
P ART 1 MATERI AL, LOADS AND P ERMI SSI BLE STRESSES
Sect i on 2 P er mi ssi b le St r esses
( Third Revision )
1 SCOP E
1.1 This st andar d (Par t 1/Sec 2) st ipulat es t he
per missible st r esses and ot her design
par amet er s t o be adopt ed in t he design of
self-suppor t ing st eel lat t ice t ower s for over head
t r ansmission lines.
1.1.1 Mat er ials, t ype of t ower s, loading and
br oken wir e condit ions ar e cover ed in Sect ion 1
of t his st andar d.
1.1.2 Pr ovisions on fabr icat ion and t est ing of
t r ansmission line t ower s have been cover ed in
Par t 2 and Par t 3 r espect ively of t he st andar d.
NOTE While for mulat ing t he pr ovisions of t his
st andar d it has been assumed t hat t he st r uct ur al
connect ions ar e t hr ough bolt s.
1.2 This st andar d does not cover guyed t ower s.
These will be cover ed in a separ at e st andar d.
2 REF ERENCES
The Indian St andar ds list ed in Annex A ar e
necessar y adjunct s t o t his st andar d.
3 STATUTORY REQUI REMENTS
3.1 St at ut or y r equir ement as laid down in t he
Indian Electricity Rules, 1956 or by any ot her
st at ut or y body applicable t o such st r uct ur es as
cover ed in t his st andar d shall be sat isfied.
3.2 Compliance wit h t his code does not r elieve
any one fr om t he r esponsibilit y of obser ving
local and st at e byelaws, fir e and safet y laws
and ot her civil aviat ion r equir ement s
applicable t o such st r uct ur es.
4 CONDUCTOR TENSI ON
4.1 The conduct or t ension at ever yday
t emperat ure and wit hout ext ernal load should not
exceed t he following per cent age of t he ult imat e
st r engt h of t he conduct or :
pr ovided t hat t he ult imat e t ension under
ever yday t emper at ur e and full wind or
minimum t emper at ur e and t wo-t hir ds wind
pr essur e does not exceed 70 per cent of t he
ult imat e t ensile st r engt h of t he cable.
5 P ERMI SSI BLE STRESSES
5.1 Axi a l St r esses i n Ten si on
The est imat ed t ensile st r esses on t he net
effect ive sect ional ar eas ( see 9 ) in var ious
member s, shall not exceed minimum
guar ant eed yield st r ess of t he mat er ial.
However in case t he angle sect ion is connect ed
by one leg only, t he est imat ed t ensile st r ess on
t he net effect ive sect ional ar ea shall not exceed
F
y
, wher e F
y
, is t he minimum guar ant eed yield
st r ess of t he mat er ial.
5.2 Axi a l St r esses i n Comp r essi on
5.2.1 The est imat ed compr essive st r esses in
var ious member s shall not exceed t he values
given by t he for mulae in 5.2.2.
5.2.2 The allowable unit st r ess F
a
, in MPa on
t he gr oss cr oss sect ional ar ea of t he axially
loaded compr ession member s shall be:
Init ial unloaded t ension 35 per cent
Final unloaded t ension 25 per cent
a)
and,
b)
I S 802 (P a r t 1/Sec 2) : 1992
2
wher e
5.2.2.1 The for mulae given in 5.2.2 ar e
applicable pr ovided t he lar gest widt h t hickness
r at io b/t is not mor e t han t he limit ing value
given by:
( b/t )
lim
= 210/
wher e
5.2.2.2 Wher e t he widt h t hickness r at io exceeds
t he limit s given in 5.2.2.1, t he for mulae given
in 5.2.2 shall be used subst it ut ing for F
y
t he
value F
cr
given by:
a)
and
b)
NOTE The maximum per missible value of b/t for any
t ype of st eel shall not exceed 25.
5.3 The r edundant member s shall be checked
individually for 2.5 per cent of axial load car r ied
by t he member t o which it suppor t s.
5.4 St r esses i n Bolt s
Ult imat e st r esses in bolt s confor ming t o
pr oper t y class 4.6 of IS 6639 : 1972 and t o
pr oper t y class 5.6 of IS 12427 : 1988 shall not
exceed t he value given in Table 1. For bolt s
confor ming t o IS 3757 : 1985, per missible
st r esses and ot her pr ovisions gover ning t he use
of high st r engt h bolt s r efer ence shall be made
t o IS 4000 : 1992.
5.4.1 Wher e t he mat er ial of bolt and t he
st r uct ur al member ar e of differ ent gr ades, t he
bear ing st r engt h of t he joint shall be gover ned
by t he lower of t he t wo.
6 SLENDERNESS RATI OS
6.1 The slender ness r at ios of compr ession and
r edundant member s shall be det er mined as
follows:
C
e
=
Fy = minimum guar ant eed yield st r ess of
t he mat er ial, MPa
E = modulus, of elast icit y of st eel t hat is
2 10
5
MPa,
KL/r = lar gest effect ive slender ness r at io of
any unbr aced segment of t he
member ,
L = unbr aced lengt h of t he compr ession
member ( see 6.1.1 ) in cm, and
r = appr opr iat e r adius of gyr at ion in
cm.
b = dist ance fr om edge of fillet t o t he
ext r eme fibr e in mm, and
t = t hickness of flange in mm.
2 E/F
y
F
y
Ta ble 1 Ult i ma t e St r esses i n Bolt s, MP a
( Clause 5.4 )
Na t u r e of St r e ss P e r mi ssi b le
St r e s s for Bolt s
of P r op e r t y
Cla ss
Re ma r k s
4.6 5.6
(1) (2) (3) (4)
S hear
Shear st r ess on gr oss
ar ea of bolt s
218 310 For gr oss ar ea of
bolt s ( see 10.4 ).
For bolt s in double
shear t he ar ea t o
be assumed shall
be t wice t he ar ea
defined
Bearing
Bear ing st r ess on
gr oss diamet er of
bolt s
436 620 For t he bolt ar ea in
bear ing ( see 10.5 )
Tension
Axial t ensile st r ess 194 250
Type of Members Value of KL/r
a) Compression Members
i) Leg sect ions or joint
member s bolt ed in bot h
faces at connect ions for
0 < L/r < 120
L/r
ii) Member s wit h
concent r ic loading at
bot h ends of t he
unsuppor t ed panel for
0 < L/r < 120
L/r
iii) Member wit h
concent r ic loading at
one end and nor mal
fr aming eccent r icit y at
t he ot her end of t he
unsuppor t ed panel for
0 < L/r < 120
30 + 0.75 L/r
iv) Member wit h nor mal
fr aming eccent r icit ies
at bot h ends of t he
unsuppor t ed panel for
0 < L/r < 120
60 + 0.50 L/r
v) Member unr est r ained
against r ot at ion at bot h
ends of t he unsuppor t ed
panel for 120 < L/r <
200
L/r

; )
I S 802 (P a r t 1/Sec 2) : 1992
3
NOTE The values of KL/r cor r esponding t o (a) (vi)
and (a) (vii), t he following evaluat ion is suggest ed:
1 The r est r ained member must be connect ed t o t he
r est r aining member wit h at least t wo bolt s.
2 The r est r aining member must have a st iffness fact or
I/L in t he st r ess plane ( I = Moment of iner t ia and L =
Lengt h ) t hat equals or exceeds t he sum of t he
st iffness fact or s in t he st r ess plane of t he r est r ained
member s t hat ar e connect ed t o it .
3 Angle member s connect ed by one leg should have t he
holes locat ed as close t o t he out st anding leg as
feasible. Nor mal fr aming eccent r icit ies at load
t r ansfer connect ion imply t hat connect ion holes ar e
locat ed bet ween t he heel of t he angle end t he
cent r eline of t he fr aming leg.
6.1.1 In calculat ing t he slender ness r at io of t he
member s, t he lengt h L should be t he dist ance
bet ween t he int er sect ions of t he cent r e of
gr avit y lines at each end of t he member .
6.2 Examples showing t he applicat ion of t he
pr ocedur e given in 6.1 and 6.1.1 and met hod of
det er mining t he slender ness r at io of legs and
br acings wit h or wit hout secondar y member s
ar e given in Annex B.
NOTE Wher e t est and/or analysis demonst r at e t hat
any ot her t ype of br acing pat t er n if found t echnically
suit able, t he same can be adopt ed.
6.3 The limit ing values KL/r shall be as follows:
6.4 Slender ness r at io L/r of a member car r ying
axial t ension only, shall not exceed 400.
7 MI NI MUM THI CKNESS
7.1 Minimum t hickness of galvanized and
paint ed t ower member s shall be as follows:
7.2 Gusset plat es shall be designed t o r esist t he
shear , dir ect and flexur al st r esses act ing on t he
weakest or cr it ical sect ion. Re-ent r ant cut s
shall be avoided as far as pr act ical. Minimum
t hickness of gusset shall be 2 mm mor e t han
lat t ice it connect s only in case when t he lat t ice
is dir ect ly connect ed on t he gusset out side t he
leg member . In no case t he gusset shall be less
t han 5 mm in t hickness.
8 NET SECTI ONAL AREA F OR TENSI ON
MEMBER
8.1 The net sect ional ar ea shall be t he least
ar ea which is t o be obt ained by deduct ing fr om
t he gr oss sect ional ar ea, t he ar ea of all holes
cut by any st r aight , diagonal or zigzag line
acr oss t he member . In det er mining t he t ot al
ar ea of t he holes t o be deduct ed fr om gr oss
sect ional ar ea, t he full ar ea of t he fir st hole
shall be count ed, plus a fr act ion par t X, of each
succeeding hole cut by t he line of holes under
consider at ion. The value of X shall be
det er mined fr om t he for mula:
X
.
= 1
wher e
For holes in opposit e legs of angles, t he value of
g should be t he sum of t he gauges fr om t he
back of t he angle less t he t hickness of t he
angle.
vi) Member par t ially
r est r ained against
r ot at ion at one end of
t he unsuppor t ed panel
for 120 < L/r < 225
28.6 + 0.762 L/r
vii) Member par t ially
r est r ained against
r ot at ion at bot h ends of
t he unsuppor t ed panel
for 120 < L/r < 250
46.2 + 0.615 L/r
b) Redundant Members
i) For 0 < L/r < 250 L/r
Leg member s, gr ound wir e peak
member and lower member s of t he
cr oss ar ms in compr ession
120
Ot her member s car r ying comput ed
st r esses
200
Redundant member s and t hose
car r ying nominal st r esses
250
Minimum Thickness,
mm
Galvanized Paint ed
Leg member s, gr ound
wir e peak member and
lower member s of cr oss
ar ms in compr ession
5 6
Ot her member s 4 5
P = longit udinal spacing (st agger ), t hat is
t he dist ance bet ween t wo successive
holes in t he line of holes under
consider at ion;
g = t r ansver se spacing (gauge), t hat is t he
dist ance bet ween t he same t wo
consecut ive holes as for P; and
d = diamet er of holes.

; )
P
2
4gd
----------
I S 802 (P a r t 1/Sec 2) : 1992
4
9 NET EF F ECTI VE AREA F OR ANGLE
SECTI ON I N TENSI ON
9.1 In t he case of single angle connect ed
t hr ough one leg, t he net effect ive sect ion of t he
angle shall be t aken as:
A
1
+ A
2
k
wher e
wher e lug angles ar e used, t he effect ive
sect ional ar ea of t he whole of t he angle member
shall be consider ed.
9.2 In t he case of pair of angles back t o back in
t ension connect ed by one leg of each angle t o
t he same side of gusset , t he net effect ive ar ea
shall be t aken as:
A
1
+ A
2
k
wher e
A
1
and A
2
ar e as defined in 9.1, and
k =
9.3 The angles connect ed t oget her back-t o-back
(in cont act ) or separ at ed back-t o-back by a
dist ance not exceeding t he aggr egat e t hickness
of t he connect ed par t s shall be pr ovided wit h
st ich bolt at a a pit ch not exceeding 1 000 mm.
The slender ness r at io of individual component
bet ween adjacent st ich bolt s shall not be mor e
t han t hat of t he t wo member s t oget her .
9.4 Wher e t he angles ar e back t o back but not
connect ed as per 9.3, each angle shall be
designed as a single angle connect ed t hr ough
one leg only in accor dance wit h 9.1.
9.5 When t wo t ees ar e placed back t o back but
ar e not connect ed as per 9.3, each t ee shall be
designed as a single t ee connect ed t o one side of
a gusset only in accor dance wit h 9.2.
NOTE The ar ea of t he leg of an angle shall be t aken
as t he pr oduct of t he t hickness and t he lengt h fr om t he
out er cor ner minus half t he t hickness, and t he ar ea of
t he leg of a t ee as t he pr oduct of t he t hickness and t he
dept h minus t he t hickness of t he t able.
10 BOLTI NG
10.1 Mi n i mu m Di a met er of Bolt s
The diamet er of bolt s shall not be less t han
12 mm
10.2 P r efer r ed Si zes of Bolt s
Bolt s used for er ect ion of t r ansmission line
t ower s shall be of diamet er 12, 16 and 20 mm.
10.3 The lengt h of bolt s shall be such t hat t he
t hr eaded por t ion does not lie in t he plane of
cont act of member s. The pr oject ed por t ion of
t he bolt beyond t he nut shall be bet ween 3 t o
8 mm.
10.4 Gr oss Ar ea of Bolt
For t he pur pose of calculat ing t he shear st r ess,
t he gr oss ar ea of bolt s shall be t aken as t he
nominal ar ea of t he bolt .
10.5 The bolt ar ea for bear ing shall be t aken as
d t wher e d is t he nominal diamet er of t he
bolt , and t t he t hickness of t he t hinner of t he
par t s joint ed.
10.6 The net ar ea of a bolt in t ension shall be
t aken as t he ar ea at t he r oot of t he t hr ead.
10.7 Holes for Bolt i n g
The diamet er of t he hole dr illed/punched shall
not be mor e t han t he nominal diamet er of t he
bolt plus 1.5 mm.
11 F RAMI NG
11.1 The angle bet ween any t wo member s
common t o a joint of a t r ussed fr ame shall
pr efer ably be gr eat er t han 20 and never less
t han 15 due t o uncer t aint y of st r ess
dist r ibut ion bet ween t wo closely spaced
member s.
ANNEX A
( Clause 2 )
LI ST OF REF ERRED I NDI AN STANDARDS
A
1
= effect ive sect ional ar ea of t he
connect ed leg.
A
2
= t he gr oss cr oss-sect ional ar ea of t he
unconnect ed leg, and
k =
3A
1
3A
1
A
2
+ ( )
-----------------------------
5A
1
5A
1
A
2
+
------------------------
IS No. Title
800 : 1984 Code of pr act ice for use of
st r uct ur al st eel in gener al
building const r uct ion ( revised )
3757 : 1985 High st r engt h st r uct ur al bolt s
( second revision )
IS No. Title
4000 : 1992 Code of pr act ice for high
st r engt h bolt s in st eel
st r uct ur es
6639 : 1972 Hexagonal bolt for st eel
st r uct ur es
12427 : 1988 Tr ansmission t ower bolt s
I S 802 (P a r t 1/Sec 2) : 1992
5
ANNEX B
( Clause 6.2 )
EXAMP LES OF DETERMI NATI ON OF SLENDERNESS RATI OS
B-0 Example of det er mining t he effect ive lengt h of compr ession member s of t ower s based on t he
pr ovision given in 6.1 ar e given below.
B-1 LEG MEMBER USI NG SYMMETRI CAL BRACI NG
B-2 LEG MEMBER USI NG STAGGERED BRACI NG
Method of Loading/
Rigidity of J oints
S lenderness Ratio
Concent r ic loading fr om 0 t o 120
No r est r aint at ends fr om 120 t o 200
Method of Loading/
Rigidity of J oints
S lenderness Ratio
Concent r ic loading or 0.67 fr om 0
t o 120
No r est r aint at ends or 0.67 fr om 120
t o 200
L
r
vv
--------
KL
r
--------
L
r
vv
-------- =
,
_
L
r
vv
--------
KL
r
--------
L
r
vv
-------- =
,
_
L
r
xx
-------- or
L
r
yy
--------
L
r
vv
--------
KL
r
--------
L
r
--- - =
,
_
L
r
xx
-------- or
L
r
yy
--------
L
r
vv
--------
KL
r
--------
L
r
--- - =
,
_
I S 802 (P a r t 1/Sec 2) : 1992
6
B-3 EF F ECT OF END CONNECTI ONS ON MEMBER CAP ACI TY
Method of Loading/Rigidity of
J oints
S lenderness Ratio
Tension syst em wit h compr ession
st r ut (eccent r icit y in cr it ical
axis)
fr om 0 t o 120
Bracing Requirements ( S ingle
Angle Members ):
Single bolt connect ion, no
r est r aint at ends
fr om 120 t o 200
Mult iple bolt connect ion par t ial
r est r aint at bot h ends
fr om 120 t o 250
B-4 CONCENTRI C LOADI NG TWO ANGLE MEMBER
Method of Loading/Rigidity
of J oints
S lenderness Ratio
Tension syst em st r ut compr ession
concent r ic loading
or fr om 0 t o 120
Bracing Requirements ( Two Angle
Member ):
Single bolt connect ion, no
r est r aint at ends
or fr om 120 t o 200
Mult iple bolt connect ion, par t ial
r est r aint at ends
or fr om 120 t o 250
L
r
vv
--------
KL
r
-------- 60 0.5
L
r
---- + =
,
_
L
r
vv
--------
KL
r
--------
L
r
--- - =
,
_
L
r
vv
--------
KL
r
-------- 46.2 0.615
L
r
--- - + =
,
_
L
r
xx
--------
L
r
yy
--------
KL
r
--------
L
r
--- - =
,
_
L
r
xx
--------
L
r
yy
--------
KL
r
--------
L
r
--- - =
,
_
L
r
xx
--------
L
r
yy
--------
KL
r
-------- 46.2 0.615
L
r
--- - + =
,
_
I S 802 (P a r t 1/Sec 2) : 1992
7
B-5 HORI ZONTAL MEMBER OF K-BRACI NG-TWO ANGLE MEMBER
Method of Loading/Rigidity
of J oints
S lenderness Ratio
Tension-compression system
with compression strut:
Mult iple bolt s connect ion
par t ial r est r aint at ends
and int er mediat e
0.5 fr om 120 t o 250
Bracing Requirements ( Two
Angle Member ):
Concent r ic load at ends,
eccent r ic loading at
int er mediat e in bot h
dir ect ions
0.5 fr om 0 t o 120
Concent r ic loading at ends
and int er mediat e
0.5 fr om 0 t o 120
L
r
yy
-------- or
L
r
xx
--------
KL
r
-------- 46.2 0.615
L
r
--- - + =
,
_
L
r
yy
-------- or
L
r
xx
--------
KL
r
-------- 30 0.75
L
r
--- - + =
,
_
L
r
yy
-------- or
L
r
xx
--------
KL
r
--------
L
r
--- - =
,
_
I S 802 (P a r t 1/Sec 2) : 1992
8
B-6 EF F ECT OF SUBDI VI DED P ANELS F OR THE HORI ZONTAL MEMBER AND END
CONNECTI ONS ON MEMBER CAP ACI TY
Method of Loading/Rigidity
of J oints
S lenderness Ratio
Tension system with
compression strut:
Eccent r icit y in cr it ical axis 0.5 fr om 0 t o 120
Bracing Requirements:
Single bolt connect ion, no
r est r aint at ends for
int er mediat e
0.5 fr om 120 t o 200
Mult iple bolt connect ion at
ends. Single bolt connect ion
at int er mediat e point :
Par t ial r est r aint at one end,
on r est r aint at int er mediat e
0.5 fr om 120 t o 225
Par t ial r est r aint at bot h ends fr om 120 t o 250
Mult iple bolt connect ion
Par t ial r est r aint at ends and
int er mediat e
0.5 fr om 120 t o 250
L
r
vv
-------- or
L
r
xx
--------
KL
r
-------- 60 0.50
L
r
--- - + =
,
_
L
r
vv
-------- or
L
r
xx
--------
KL
r
--------
L
r
--- - =
,
_
L
r
vv
--------
KL
r
-------- 28.6 0.762
L
r
--- - + =
,
_
L
r
xx
--------
KL
r
-------- 46.2 0.615
L
r
--- - + =
,
_
L
r
vv
-------- or
L
r
xx
--------
KL
r
-------- 46.2 0.615
L
r
--- - + =
,
_
I S 802 (P a r t 1/Sec 2) : 1992
9
B-7 CONCENTRI C LOADI NG TWO ANGLE MEMBER, SUBDI VI DED P ANELS OF A
HORI ZONTAL MEMBER
Method of Loading/Rigidity
of Panel
S lenderness Ratio
Tension system with
compression strut:
0.5 fr om 0 t o 120
Concent r ic loading
Bracing Requirements:
Single bolt connect ion, no
r est r aint at ends and
int er mediat e
0.5 fr om 120 t o 200
Mult iple bolt connect ion at
ends. Single bolt connect ion
at int er mediat e joint
Par t ial r est r aint at one end,
no r est r aint at int er mediat e 0.5 fr om 120 t o 200
Par t ial r est r aint at bot h ends fr om 120 t o 250
Mult iple bolt connect ion
Par t ial r est r aint at ends
and int er mediat e
0.5 fr om 120 t o 250
L
r
yy
-------- or
L
r
xx
--------
KL
r
--------
L
r
--- - =
,
_
L
r
yy
-------- or
L
r
xx
--------
KL
r
--------
L
r
--- - =
,
_
L
r
yy
--------
KL
r
-------- 28.6 0.762
L
r
--- - + =
,
_
L
r
xx
--------
KL
r
-------- 46.2 0.615
L
r
--- - + =
,
_
L
r
yy
-------- or
L
r
xx
--------
KL
r
-------- 46.2 0.615
L
r
--- - + =
,
_
I S 802 (P a r t 1/Sec 2) : 1992
10
B-8 X-BRACI NGS WI TH AND WI THOUT SECONDARY MEMBERS
S lenderness Ratio Critical of:
B-8.1 AB/r
vv
B-8.2
a)
AC/r
vv
or CB/r
vv
or
*AB/r
xx
or *AB/r
yy
or
*AD/r
vv
b)
AC/r
vv
or CB/r
vv
or
*AD/r
vv
B-8.3
a)
AD/r
vv
or *AF/r
xx
or
DC/r
vv
or *AE/r
vv
or
CB/r
vv
or
*AB/r
xx
or *AB/r
yy
or
EF/r
vv
b)
AD/r
vv
or *AF/r
xx
or
DC/r
vv
or *AE/r
vv
or
CB/r
vv
or
AC/r
xx
or *AC/r
vy
or
EF/r
vv
c)
AD/r
vv
or *AF/r
xx
or
DC/r
vv
or
CB/r
vv
or *AE/r
vv
or
EF/r
vv
B-8.4 AE/r
vv
or *AF/r
xx
or
ED/r
vv
or *AE/r
vv
or
DC/r
vv
or CB/r
vv
*Applicat ion for t ension compr ession syst em only i.e. t ensile st r esses in one br acing must be at least equal t o 75 per cent
of t he compr essive st r ess in t he ot her br acing.
#The cor ner st ay should be designed t o pr ovide lat er al suppor t adequat ely.
I S 802 (P a r t 1/Sec 2) : 1992
11
B-9 K-BRACI NGS WI TH AND WI THOUT SECONDARY MEMBERS
S lenderness Ratio Critical of:
B-9.1 AB/r
vv
B-9.2
a)
AC/r
vv
or
CB/r
vv
or
AB/r
xx
or AB/r
yy
b)
AC/r
vv
or
CB/r
vv
B-9.3
a)
AD/r
vv
or
DC/r
vv
or
CB/r
vv
or
AB/r
xx
or AB/r
yy
b)
AD/r
vv
or
DC/r
vv
or
CB/r
vv
or
AC/r
xx
or AC/r
yy
c)
AD/r
vv
or
DC/r
vv
or
CB/r
vv
B-9.4 AE/r
vv
or
ED/r
vv
or
DC/r
vv
or
CB/r
vv
#The cor ner st ay should be designed t o pr ovide lat er al suppor t adequat ely.
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