RFC3261中文版 PDF

Session Initiation Protocol
IETF RFC 3261
SIP
Internet
SIP SIP
SIP
SIP
Internet
Internet
SIP
SIP
SIP
SIP
SIP
Internet
SIP
SIP
SIP 5
SIP SIP IETF

QoS RTP
RFC1889[28]RTSP
RFC 2326[29]PSTNMEGACO
RFC 3015[30]SDPRFC 2327[1]
SIP SIP
SIP SIP SIP

SDP
ID
SIP SIP SIP
SIP
SIP
SIP
SIP IPv4 IPv6

3
MUSTMUST NOTREQUIREDSHALLSHALL NOTSHOULDSHOULD NOT

RECOMMENDEDNOT RECOMMENDEDMAY OPTIONAL BCP14 RFC2119[2]
SIP
4
SIP
SIP
1 Alice Bob SIP
F Alice PC SIP Internet

Bob SIP SIP Alice Bob
Alice Bob SIP SIP URI URI
Bob
URI 19.1 SIP URI email
sip:bob@biloxi.com biloxi.com Bob SIP
Alice SIP URI sip:alice@atlanta.comAlice Bob URI
SIP URI SIPS URI
sips:bob@biloxi.com SIPS URI SIP
TLS
SIP HTTP /
Alice Bob SIP
URI INVITE INVITE SIP Alice
BobINVITE
INVITE Alice Alice Bob
atlanta.com
proxy
biloxi.com
proxy
Alices
softphone
Bobs
SIP phone
INVITE F1
INVITE F2
INVITE F4
100 Trying F3
100 Trying F5
180 Ringing F6
180 Ringing F8
180 Ringing F7
180 Ringing F9
200 OK F10
ACK F12
Media Session
BYE F13
200 OK F14
1SIP
INVITE 1 F1
INVITE sip:bob@biloxi.com SIP/2.0
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP pc33.atlanta.com;branch=z9hG4bK776asdhds
Max-Forwards: 70
To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.com>
From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.com>;tag=1928301774
Call-ID: a84b4c76e66710@pc33.atlanta.com
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Contact: <sip:alice@pc33.atlanta.com>
Content-Type: application/sdp
Content-Length: 142
(Alices SDP not shown)
INVITE
Via pc33.atlanta.comAlice Via
To Bob SIP SIPS URIsip:bob@biloxi.com
RFC2822[3]
From Alice SIP SIPS URIsip:alice@atlanta.com
tag
URI
Call-ID IP
To From Call-ID Alice Bob SIP
CSeq CSeq
Contact SIP SIPS URI Alice

FQDN FQDN IP
Via Contact
Max-Forwards
Content-Type
Content-Length
SIP 20
SIP
SIP SDPRFC 2327[1]
SIP SDP email

HTTP
Web
Bob biloxi.com SIP Alice SIP
INVITE Alice atlanta.com SIP
DHCP
SIP SIP
INVITE Alice 100Trying
100Trying INVITE INVITESIP
INVITE Via ToFrom
Call-IDCseq Alice INVITE
atlanta.com biloxi.com
DNS biloxi.com SIP [4]
biloxi.com IP INVITE
INVITE Via Alice Via
biloxi.com INVITE atlanta.com 100
Trying INVITE
Bob IP
biloxi.com INVITE Via

Bob
SIP
Bob SIP INVITE Bob Alice Bob

Bob Bob SIP 180Ringing
180Ringing Via
INVITE DNS
180Ringing
INVITE INVITE
Alice 180Ringing Alice

Alice
Bob Bob SIP 200OK
200OK Bob Alice SDP
SDP Alice Bob Bob Alice
SDP /
Bob 200OK
21 SIP 200OK
1 F9
SIP/2.0 200 OK
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP server10.biloxi.com
;branch=z9hG4bKnashds8;received=192.0.2.3
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP bigbox3.site3.atlanta.com
;branch=z9hG4bK77ef4c2312983.1;received=192.0.2.2
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP pc33.atlanta.com
;branch=z9hG4bK776asdhds ;received=192.0.2.1
To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.com>;tag=a6c85cf
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Contact: <sip:bob@192.0.2.4>
Content-Length: 131
(Bobs SDP not shown)
200OKViaTo
FromCall-ID Cseq INVITE
Via
Alice SIP biloxi.com
Bob SIP To
Contact Bob SIP
URIContent-Type Content-Length Bob SDP
DNS
Bob SIP 486Busy herebiloxi.com
INVITE Bob
INVITEforking
200OK Alice 200OK
Alice Bob SIP
ACK200OK
ACK Alice
Bob SIP INVITE 200OK Contact
SIP INVITE/200/ACK 13
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Content-Length: 131
200OKViaTo
FromCall-ID Cseq INVITE
Via
Alice SIP biloxi.com
Bob SIP To
Contact Bob SIP
URIContent-Type Content-Length Bob SDP
DNS
Bob SIP 486Busy herebiloxi.com
INVITE Bob
INVITEforking
200OK Alice 200OK
Alice Bob SIP
ACK200OK
ACK Alice
Bob SIP INVITE 200OK Contact
SIP INVITE/200/ACK 13
Alice Bob SDP
SIP
Alice Bob
re-INVITE Re-INVITE
200OK ACK 200OK
488
ACKre-INVITE
14
Bob BYE BYE Alice
Alice 200OK BYE BYE
ACKACK INVITE INVITE

SIP SIP
INVITE INVITE INVITE
15
24.2 1
SIP
biloxi.com INVITE SIP
INVITE Record-Route IP
URIBob SIP 200OK Record-Route Alice
biloxi.com
ACKBYE BYE 200OK
SIP biloxi.com Bob

Bob SIP biloxi.com SIP
REGISTER REGISTER Bob SIP SIPS URI
sip:bob@biloxi.com
Bob Ccontact SIP SIPS URI
biloxi.com
co-located
SIP
Bob Bob SIP SIP
Bob
URI
URI
SIP SIP
SIP / request-by-request
26
SIP 24.1
SIP OPTIONS SIP
CANCEL
5
SIP
SIP
transaction-by-transaction
SIP BNF BNF 25

SIP 7

SIP 18
SIP
UAC
17
TU
SIP
IP
TU
CANCEL CANCEL
9
SIP
CoreUAC UAS
8 UAC UAS
SIP
REGISTER UAS 10 REGISTER UACUAS
11 OPTIONS UACUAS UA
SIP
INVITE
UAC 8 UAC
12
SIP INVITE
13
SIP 14 INVITE 15
81011121314 15 UA 9 UA
16
6
SIP
Address-of-RecordAddress-of-RecordAOR SIP SIPS URI

URI URI URI
AOR
Back-to-Back User AgentB2BUA
UAS
UACB2BUA
B2BUA UAC UAS
Call
Call Leg[31]
Call Stateful INVITE BYE
Client SIP SIP
Conference
Core SIP
Dialog UA SIP SIP INVITE

2xx RFC2543
Downstream
Final Response SIP SIP 2xx

3xx4xx5xx 6xx
Header SIP
Header Field SIP
Header Field Value

Home Domain SIP URI
Informational Response
Initiator, Calling Party, Caller INVITE
INVITE
Invitation INVITE
Invitee, Invited User, Called Party, Callee INVITE
INVITE
Location ServiceSIP
REGISTER
Loop
Request-URI
Loose Routing
Request-URI
Message SIP SIP
Method
INVITE BYE
Outbound Proxy Request-URI
UA
Parallel Search
Provisional Response SIP

1xx
Proxy, Proxy Server
Recursion Contact URI

3xx
Redirect Server 3xx
URI
Registrar REGISTER
Regular Transaction INVITEACK CANCEL

Request SIP
Response SIP
Ringbacksignaling tone
Route Set SIP SIPS URI

Record-Route
Server
Sequential Search
2xx 6xx
Session SDP
RFC2327[1] SDP
RTP
SDP SDP ID
SIP TransactionSIP
1xx
INVITE 2xx ACKINVITE 2xx
ACK
Spiral SIP
Request-URI
joe@example.com.com
Joe PCPC bob@example.com.com
Stateful Proxy
16
Stateless Proxy
Strict Routing RFC2543

Route
Request-URI
Target Refresh Request
Transaction User (TU) UAC UAS
Upstream
URL-encoded RFC 2396 2.4[5]

User Agent Client (UAC)
UAC
UAC
UAC Core UAC

User Agent Server (UAS) SIP
UAS
UAS Core UAS

User Agent (UA)
UAC UAS
INVITE UAC BYE
UAS
SIP
SIP UTF-8 RFC2279[6]
SIP
7.1 7.2
RFC2822[3]
SIP RFC2822
generic-message = start-line
*message-header
CRLF
[ message-body ]
start-line
= Request-Line / Status-Line
CRLF
SIP HTTP/1.1
[HX.Y] HTTP/1.1 RFC2616[7] X.Y
SIP HTTP
7.1
SIP Request-LineRequest-Line
Request-URI SP
Request-Line CRLF CRLF CR LF
(LWS)
Request-Line = Method SP Request-URI SP SIP-Version CRLF
Method Contact REGISTER
INVITEACK CANCEL BYE OPTIONSSIP
RFC
Request-URIRequest-URI SIP SIPS URI 19.1 URI
RFC2396[5] Request-URI
unescaped spaces<>
SIP SIPSIPS Request-URI RFC2806[8]tel
URI SIP SIP URI SIP URISIPS URI
SIP-Version SIP [H3.1] SIP
HTTPSIP/2.0 HTTP/1.1
SIP SIP-Version SIP/2.0 SIP-Version
HTTP/1.1 SIP
7.2
SIP Status-LineStatus-Line
Status-Code textual phrase
SP
CRLF CR LF
Status-Line = SIP-Version SP Status-Code SP Reason-Phrase CRLF
Status-Code
Reason-Phrase Status-Code Status-Code
Reason-Phrase Reason-Phrase
Accept-Language
Status-Code
100 199 1xx 200 299
2xxSIP/2.0
1xx:informational
2xx:success
3xx:Redirection
4xx:Client Error
5xx: Server Error
6xx: GLOBAL FAILURE
21
7.3
SIP HTTP SIP [H4.2]

HTTP
whitespace and folding RFC2234[9]
[H4.2]
SIPSIP
header = header-name HCOLON header-value *(COMMA header-value)
*Contact
7.3.1
RFC2822[3] 2.2
field-name: field-value
25
SP
Subject:
Subject
lunch
:
lunch
Subject
:lunch
Subject: lunch
SPHT
SP
Subject: I know youre there, pick up the phone and talk to me!
Subject: I know youre there,
pick up the phone
and talk to me!
Via
RouteRecord-RouteProxy-RequireMax-Forwards Proxy-Authorization
7.3
field-name: fieldvalue
WWW-Authenticate AuthorizationProxy-Authenticate Proxy-Authorization
7.3
Route: <sip:alice@atlanta.com>
Subject: Lunch
Route: <sip:bob@biloxi.com>
Route: <sip:carol@chicago.com>
Route: <sip:alice@atlanta.com>, <sip:bob@biloxi.com>

Subject: Lunch
Subject: Lunch
Route: <sip:alice@atlanta.com>, <sip:bob@biloxi.com>,
<sip:carol@chicago.com>
Route: <sip:alice@atlanta.com>,<sip:carol@chicago.com>,
<sip:bob@biloxi.com>
TEXT-UTF8
field-name: field-value *(;parameter-name=parameter-value)
Contact: <sip:alice@atlanta.com>;expires=3600
CONTACT: <sip:alice@atlanta.com>;ExPiReS=3600
Content-Disposition: session;handling=optional
content-disposition: Session;HANDLING=OPTIONAL
Warning: 370 devnull "Choose a bigger pipe"

Warning: 370 devnull "CHOOSE A BIGGER PIPE"
7.3.2
20
7.3.3
SIP
UDP MTU
20
7.4
7.4.1
Internet Content-Type
Content-Encoding Content-Encoding
Content-Type
RFC2046 [10]MIME
Accept
SIP
UTF-8
7.4.2
Content-Length 20.14
HTTP/1.1 SIP
7.5
Framing SIP
HTTP SIP UDP

18
SIP [H4.1] CRLF
Content-Length SIP
SIP Content-Length
8
(UAC)(UAS)UAC
UAS PSTN UAC
UAS
UAC UAS UAS

UAC
UAC UAS
12 SIP ( INVITE)
UAC UAS
26 UAC UAS
S/MIME
8.1
UAC
UAC
8.1.1
UAC SIP ToFromCseqCall-ID
Max-Forwards Via SIP SIP
UAC SIP
Request-URI SIP
INVITE 13 OPTIONS (
11 )
Request-URI Request-URI To URI REGISTER
10 REGISTER Request-URI
UA Request-URI
Request-URI
URI UAC
UA
SIP UA UA
URI UA
12.2.1 Request-URI
Request-URI URI
To To
To SIP SIPS URI
URI tel URL (RFC 2806 [8]) SIP
SIPS URI TLS SIPS URI To
UAC To To
URI
URIbob
UA
SIPS URI UA SIPS URI RHS
(sip:bob@example.com) SIPS URI
UA [@]
UA tel URLUA
411
tel:411
To To
To 20.39 To
To: Carol <sip:carol@chicago.com>
From From To
URI SIP
IP UA
From URI
From UAC
anonymous
URI( sip:thisis@anonymous.invalid)
UA From
UA
URI From
22
From UAC 19.3
From 20.20 From
From: "Bob" <sips:bob@biloxi.com> ;tag=a48s
From: sip:+12125551212@phone2net.com;tag=887s
From: Anonymous <sip:c8oqz84zk7z@privacy.org>;tag=hyh8
Call-ID Call-ID UA
Call-ID UA
UAC UAC Call-ID
SIP UA
UA Call-ID
Call-ID
8.1.3
Call-ID RFC 1750 [11]
localid@hostCall-ID
Call-ID
Call-ID
Call-ID 20.8
Call-ID
Call-ID: f81d4fae-7dec-11d0-a765-00a0c91e6bf6@foo.bar.com
CSeq CSeq
REGISTER
31
2 32
CSeq
12.2.1 CSeq
CSeq: 4711 INVITE

Max-Forwards Max-Forwards
Max- Forwards 0
483()
UAC Max-Forwards 70
SIP
UA
Via Via
([4]) Via
UAC Via
SIP 2.0Via branch parameter
UA
CANCEL 2xx ACK
CANCEL 17.1.1
2xx ACK INVITE ID
ID ID RFC2543
ID z9hG4bk
magic cookie7 RFC 2543
ID
(implementation-defined)
18 Via maddrttl sent-by
16.6 8 16.7 3 Via

Contact Contact SIP SIPS URI UA
Contact SIP SIPS URI
INVITE Contact
Contact UA URI
URI
Request-URI top Route SIPS URIContact
SIPS URI
Contact 20.10
Supported and Require UAC SIP UAC
Supported 19.2
RFC
RFC Supported
UAC UAS UAC

Require UAC
Proxy-Require
Supported Require Proxy-Require

RFC
Additional Message Components
SIP MIME
20.11 20.15
8.1.2
[4] DNS
12.2.1
DNS Request-URI DNS
Route Route DNS
Request-URI Request-URI
SIP [4] URI URI SIPS URI UAC
[4]
Request-URI SIPS URI
TLS Route
URI
Request-URI UA RFC2543
UAC Route
Record-Route
Route URI
UAC [4]
Via
Via
8.1.3
TUTU
Transaction Layer Errors SIP
408
UDP ICMP TCP
503
Unrecognized Responses UAC x00
UAC x00
UAC 431
400UAC 100
183UAC 100 183
Vias Via UAC

Via
Processing 3xx Responses 301

Contact URI
16.5 16.6 3xx URI
Request-URI 3xx
URI Contact URI
3xx
URI Request-URI SIPS URI SIPS
URI URI
URI 3xx
URI
URI
Contact 'q'URI
q URI q
q q
399
8.1.3.5
3xx UAC URI

Request-URI method-param header URI ( 19.1.1 )
19.1.5
sip:user@host?Subject=foo&Call-Info=<http://www.foo.com>
Subject HTTP URI
Call-Info
UAC ToFrom Call-ID UAC
Call-ID
Via ID 8.1.1
UAC
Contact 21.3.2 21.3.3
Processing 4xx Responses 4xx UA
401 407 UAC 22.2
22.3
413 21.4.11 UAS
UAC
415()UAS UAC
Accept Accept-Encoding
Accept-Language
416( URI ) Request-URI URI
SIPS URI
420 Require Proxy- Require
UAS UAC
Unsupported
Call-IDTo From Cseq

4xx
8.2
UAS
UAS 12 UAS
UAS
8.2.1
UAS UAS
405 8.2.6
UAS 405 Allow Allow UAS
8.2.2
UAS
UAS
To and Request-URI To From

UAS To
UAS UAS To
URI tel:URI To UAS
UAS UAS 403
Request-URI UAS Request-URI UAS

416 URI Request-URI UAS
404 REGISTER
UA Request-URI
Request-URI UA
Contact
Merged Requests To UAS
From Call-ID Cseq 17.2.3
UAS 482
UASUAS
482
Require UAS Require Require
Require
UAC Require UASUAC UAS SIP
20.32 UAS Require
420UAS Unsupported
Require
SIP CANCEL Require Proxy-Require ACK 2xx
ACK 2xx Require Proxy-Require

Require
UAC -> AS: INVITE sip:watson@bell-telephone.com SIP/2.0
Require: 100rel
UAS -> UAC: SIP/2.0 420 Bad Extension
Unsupported: 100rel
-
-
8.2.3
UAS UAS
Content-Type Content- Language
Content-Encoding Content-Disposition
UAS 415
UAS Accept
UAS Accept-Encoding UAS

UAS Accept-Language
UAS
7.4 20.11 20.15
8.2.4
Supported UAS
SIP
421
Require
421 Require
Require Require
RFC
8.2.5
UAS 10
REGISTER 11 OPTIONS 13 INVITE 15
BYE
8.2.6
UAS
UAS
Sending a Provisional Response UAS

INVITE INVITE
100 Timestamp 100
UAS Timestamp
Headers and Tags From From Call-ID

Call-ID CSeq CSeq
Via Via
To To To
To URI To URI
UAS To 100
UAS ID
100 19.3
8.2.7 UAS
UAS UAS
UAS UAS
UAS
UAS
UAS 26.5.1
UAS
UAS (1xx)
UAS
UAS ACK
UAS CANCEL
To
19.3
UAS UAS UAS
8.3
URI URI
10 URI
URI
SIP CANCEL
3xx CANCEL
2xx SIP SIP
3xx Contact
Contact expires Contact
Contact URI
301 302
UDP TCP
SIP TCP UDP SIP
Request-URI URI
URI URI 404
Contact SIP PSTN
Contact URI SIPS

URIInternet mail to: (RFC
2368 [32]) URL URI 26.4.4 SIPS URI SIPS URI
Contact expires URI

expires URI
3600
RFC2543
3600
Require
UA
CANCEL
CANCEL
UAS
CANCEL CANCEL
INVITE CANCEL INVITE
CANCEL UAS INVITE
a 487
CANCEL 15 UAC
INVITE 16.10 CANCEL
CANCEL
CANCEL
9.1
CANCEL INVITE
INVITE INVITE CANCEL
CANCEL CANCEL Request-URICall-IDToCseq

From CANCEL
Via Via
CANCEL 9.2 CSeq
CANCEL 17
Route CANCEL Route
CANCEL
CANCEL Require Proxy-Require
CANCEL
CANCEL
CANCEL
CANCEL
CANCEL CANCEL CANCEL
CANCEL
CANCEL
CANCEL
CANCEL UAC
487 RFC2543 UAS
64*T1 17.1.1 T1
9.2
CANCEL TU
TU CANCEL
CANCLE ACK 17.2.3
CANCEL CANCEL
CANCEL CANCEL UAS CANCEL
CANCEL 16.10
UAS 8.2 UAS CANCEL CANCEL
Authorization
CANCEL Require
UAS CANCEL 481/
CANCEL UAS
CANCEL UAS
INVITEUAS INVITE
487CANCEL
CANCEL UAS CANCEL
200OK 8.2.6 CANCEL To
To CANCEL
10
10.1
SIP SIP
SIP

SIP
SIP SIPS URIsip:bob@biloxi.com
URIsip:bob@engineering.biloxi.com
URI
URI
Request-URI
URI
Bob SIP UA
REGISTER UAS
REGISTER
UA
SIP
SIP
10.2 REGISTER
REGISTER REGISTER
REGISTER REGISTER 8.1

17.1 UAC
REGISTER UAC REGISTER 8.1
Route REGISTER Record-Route
UAC REGISTER
Record-Route
Contact REGISTER Contact
Request-URI: Request-URI (
sip:chicago.com) SIPS URI userinfo @
To: To To Request-URI
SIP SIPS URI
From: From To
Call-ID: UAC Call-ID
Call-ID REGISTER
CSeq:CSeq REGISTER Call-ID

REGISTER UA Cseq
Contact: REGISTER Contact
REGISTER
UA Contact
REGISTER Contact
+
bo b
UA
+
+
3 )INVIT E
cat o l@ ch icago .co m
+
+
ch icago .co m
+
+
A
2 )St o re
+
>
<
4 )Query
>+
Sip .ch icago .co m
5 )Resp
1 )RE GIST E R
+
cube2 2 1 4 a
+
+
+
6 )IN VIT E
caro l@cube2 2 1 4 a.ch icago .co m
UA
carol
2
action:RFC 2543 action UAC action
expires:expires UA
expires 3600
10.2.1
REGISTER SIP
REGISTER To
Contact SIP SIPS URI SIP
sip:carol@cube2214a.chicago.com URI SIP UA
tel URLRFC 2806[8] email mail to URL
RFC 2368 [32]
Carol sip:carol@chicago.com SIP
chicago.com chicago.com Carol Carol
SIP
REGISTER 2xx Contact

REGISTER To SIPS URI Contact
SIPS URI
SIP SIPS URI SIP URI TLS
SIP
UA
Setting the Expiration Interval of Contact Addresses REGISTER
10.3
Expires expires
Contact REGISTER
expires Contact
REGISTER
Preferences among Contact Addresses REGISTER Contact

UA Contact URI To
Contact qQ Contact
16.6
10.2.2
10.2.1
REGISTER 0
UA UA
REGISTER-specific Contact * Expires
0*
*Contact
10.2.3
Contact
REGISTER
REGISTER Contact
10.2.4
UA UA UA
200OK Contact
19.1.4 UA
expires Expires UA
REGISTER REGISTER
UA Call-ID
10.2.5
REGISTER Data
10.2.6
UA
UA
UA SIP
Request-URI UA sip:carol@chicago.com REGISTER
sip:chicago.com
UA SIP
sip.mcast.net(224.0.1.75 for IPv4) Ipv6
SIP UA
[33]
10.2.7
REGISTER UAS 8.1.2
REGISTER REGISTER
UAS
10.2.8
UA 423 REGISTER
423 Min-Expires
10.3 REGISTER
UAS REGISTER
8.2 17.2
REGISTER 6xx
REGISTER
302 REGISTER
Record-Route REGISTER Record-Route
REGISTER Record-Route
REGISTER
Record-Route
REGISTER REGISTER REGISTER
REGISTER
REGISTER
1 Request-URI Request-URI
16
2. 8.2.2 UAS
Require
3. UAC 22 SIP
SIP From
4.
403
5. To Request-URI
404URI
URI user-param
6. Contact
Contact Contact * Expires
Contact 400
Call-ID
Cseq
7. Contact
expires
Expires
423 Min-Expires
follow-me
URI
Call-ID Call-ID
Call-ID
CSeq
UA
Call-ID Cseq
500
8. 200OK Contact
Contact expires
Date
11
SIP OPTIONS UA UA
Require INVITE UAS

OPTIONS UAS Supported UA
OPTIONS
Request-URI OPTIONS UA SIP
OPTIONS Request-URI REGISTER
Request-URI
Max-Forwards 0 OPTIONS
Request-URI
HTTP/1.1 Max-Forwards OPTIONS
UA OPTIONS
OPTIONS
11.1 OPTIONS
8.1.1 SIP OPTIONS
Contact OPTIONS
Accept UAC
UA SDPapplication/sdp
OPTIONS Request-URI
OPTIONS
OPTIONS
OPTIONS
OPTIONS sip:carol@chicago.com SIP/2.0

Via: SIP/2.0/UDP pc33.atlanta.com;branch=z9hG4bKhjhs8ass877
Max-Forwards: 70
To: <sip:carol@chicago.com>
Call-ID: a84b4c76e66710
CSeq: 63104 OPTIONS
Accept: application/sdp
Content-Length: 0
11.2 OPTIONS
8.2.6 SIP OPTIONS
INVITE 200 (OK) UAS
486 OPTIONS UAS UAS
INVITE
OPTIONS 200 (OK)
OPTIONS INVITE OPTIONS INVITE

200(OK) OPTIONS 200(OK)
INVITE 16.7
OPTIONS 200(OK)
AllowAcceptAccept-EncodingAccept-Language Supported
OPTIONS 200 (OK)Allow
Allow Contact 200 (OK)
3xx Warning
OPTIONS Accept Accept

application/sdp
UAS [12] application/sdp
UAS OPTIONS ( 11.1 ):

SIP/2.0 200 OK
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP pc33.atlanta.com;branch=z9hG4bKhjhs8ass877
;received=192.0.2.4
To: <sip:carol@chicago.com>;tag=93810874
CSeq: 63104 OPTIONS
Contact: <sip:carol@chicago.com>
Contact: <mailto:carol@chicago.com>
Allow: INVITE, ACK, CANCEL, OPTIONS, BYE
Accept: application/sdp
Accept-Encoding: gzip
Accept-Language: en
Supported: foo
Content-Length: 274
(SDP not shown)
12
SIP
8 UA
UA ID ID Call-ID
UA ID UA UA
ID
ID To ID SIP
UAC UAS UAC ID Call-ID Call-ID
To From
UAS ID Call-ID Call-ID
From To
ID
UA UA URI
URI URI
2xx
12.1
INVITE 2xx 101-199 To
13 INVITE
UA ID
12.1.1 UAS
UAS 2xx to INVITEUAS
Record-Route UA URIURI
Record-Route UAS Contact
Contact UAS
INVITE 2xx ACK URI IP Contact
URI SIP SIPS URI
Record-Route Record-Route
Contact Contact SIPS URIURI
URIINVITE Contact URI
UAC URI
UAS
TLSRequest-URI SIPS URI TRUE
Record-Route URI
URI Record-Route
Contact URI
CSeq
ID Call-ID ID
To ID
From UAS From
RFC 2543 RFC 2543 From

URI From URI URI To URI
12.1.2 UAC
UAC INVITE
SIP SIPS URI SIPS URI
Request-URI
Route SIPS URIContact SIPS URI
UAC
TLSRequest-URI SIPS URI TRUE

Record-Route URI
URI Record-Route
Contact URI
CSeq
UA ID Call-ID
ID From
ID To UAC To
RFC 2543 RFC 2543 To

URI To URI URI From URI
12.2
UA
UA UAC UA UAS
UA
Record-Route Contact
URI
URI URI INVITE
re-INVITE ( 14 )
ACK
URI Record-Route
RFC2543
12.2.1 UAC
Generating the Request
To URI URI To
ID From URI URI From
ID null
To From
To From URI RFC 2543
URI
To From URI
Call-ID Call-ID
Cseq
ACK CANCEL
Cseq 8.1.1
CSeq
32 136
32 31
UAC Request-URI Route
UAC URI Request-URI UAC
Route
URI lr 19.1.1
UAC URI Request-URI Route
URI lr 19.1.1
UAC
URI Request-URI Request-URI UAC
Route UAC URI
Route
sip:user@remoteua
<sip:proxy1>,<sip:proxy2>,<sip:proxy3;lr>,<sip:proxy4>
Request-URI Route
METHOD sip:proxy1
Route: <sip:proxy2>,<sip:proxy3;lr>,<sip:proxy4>,<sip:user@remoteua>
URI lr
RFC2543 Route
Request-URI Request-URI Route Request-URI
Request-URI
UAC Contact URI
TRUEURI SIPS URI
12.2.2 Contact URI UA
URI
8.1.1
8.1.2
Route 8.1.2 Route

Request-URI
Processing the Responses UAC

408
3xx UAC 8.1.3
UAC Route
UAC 2xx Contact

URI URI
481/ 408UA
UAC
TU
INVITE BYE
12.2.2 UAS
UAS
UAS
INVITEs
UAS To UAS
mid-dialog
UAS 8.2
To UAS
UAS UAS
To USA UAS
To UAS To
UA
Cseq RTP
UAS 481(/
)
OPTIONS
Cseq
500
Cseq
UAS Cseq Cseq UAS
CSeq
UAC UAC
Cseq UAS Cseq
UAS Contact URI

URI
12.3
2xx
BYE
15
13
13.1
INVITE
INVITE
UAS UAS UAS
2xx
3xx4xx5xx6xx UAS 1xx
UAC
UAC 2xx 2xx
INVITE INVITE
OPTIONSUAC ACK
ACK 300 699
17 ACK 2xx UAC ACK
INVITE 2xx INVITE UA 2xx
UA UA INVITE 2xx
2xx
INVITE INVITE UA ACKCANCEL BYE

13.2 UAC
13.2.1 INVITE
INVITE 8.1.1
INVITE
INVITE Allow ( 20.5 )UA INVITE
[34]INFO UA INFO
Allow
INVITE Supported( 20.37 ) UAC
INVITE Accept ( 20.1 ) UA INVITE
Content-Types
Accept
UAC Expires 20.19 Expires
INVITE UAC 9
INVITE CANCEL
UAC INVITE Subject (
20.36 )Organization ( 20.25 ) User-Agent ( 20.41 )
INVITE
UAC INVITE 8.1.1
Content-Type
Content- Disposition session
UA
SIP /
UA
/ SIP INVITE
//
SIP
INVITE ACK
INVITE
INVITE UAS UAC

2xx
INVITE UAS INVITE

UAC INVITE 2xx
UAC
INVITE
UAS UAC
2xx
UAC
UAC
UAS INVITE
UAS
UA INVITE
2xx 1xx 2xx ACK INVITE
SDP
RFC 2327 [1]
[12]
- Content-Disposition session
INVITE ACK INVITE
Content-Disposition: render ACK Content-Disposition: session
Content-Disposition Content-Type application/sdp

sessionrender
INVITEUAC 8
UAC
13.2.2 INVITE
INVITE INVITE UAC INVITE
INVITE 8.1.3 TU 408
1xx Responses
INVITE To
ID 12.1.2
INVITE UAC
Allow
3xx Responses 3xx Contact
3xx 21.3 UAC
4xx 5xx and 6xx Responses INVITE 2xx 4xx5xx
6xx Contact
2xx
2xx UAC INVITE
INVITE ACK 17
2xx Responses 2xx INVITE UAC To
2xx
12.2.1 2xx
12.2.1
RFC2543 RFC 2543

1xx Record-Route 2xx
mid-dialog
UAC 2xx ACK
12 ACK Cseq CSeq
INVITE Cseq ACKACK
INVITE 2xx ACK
2xx UAC ACK

BYE
ACK[4]
UAC ACK
2xx ACK ACK
UAC 2xx INVITE 64*T1
UAC INVITE
2xx
INVITE 2xx UAC 15 UAC
BYE
13.3 UAS
13.3.1 INVITE
UAS INVITE 8.2
UAS
1 Expires INVITEUAS
UAS
487
2 mid-dialog 12
14
3 To UAS
UAS 12.2.2
INVITE
INVITE UAS INVITE
SDP ID
UAS INVITE 2xx
UAS UAC UAS

UAS UAC
INVITE 2xx
UAS 8.2.6
Progress UAS UAC
101 199 12.1.1 8.2.6

UAS
ID
INVITE
UAS
100
PSTN PSTN
INVITE IVR
The INVITE is Redirected UAS 3xx 300
301302 Contact
URI INVITE
The INVITE is Rejected
486 UAS
600UAS
INVITE
UAS INVITE 488

Warning
The INVITE is Accepted UAS 2xx 12.1.1 8.2.6
INVITE 2xx Allow Supported Accept

UAC UAS
INVITE UAS 2xx INVITE

UAS 2xx
INVITE
INVITE ACK
2xx T1
T2 17 T1 T2
ACK
2xx UAS UAC UDP
UAS
64*T1 ACK 2xx
15 BYE
14
INVITE 13 -
12
URI
INVITE
INVITE re-INVITE
re-INVITE
UA
re-INVITE BYE
re-INVITE BYE
UA BYE
14.1 UAC
INVITEs - 12.3.1 re-INVITE
UAC INVITE
UAC
re-INVITEre-INVITE
2xx
12 re-INVITE
ToFromCall-IDCseq Request-URI
UAS re-INVITEUAC re-INVITE
Alert-Info Content-DispositionAlert
INVITE re-INVITE
re-INVITE Request-URI UA
INVITE UAC INVITE
1 INVITE TU
INVITE
2 INVITE TU
INVITE
INVITE UA
UA INVITE
UA re-INVITE 2xx re-INVITE
12.2.1 200 481/
408 re-INVITE INVITE
UA
UAC re-INVITE 491 T T
1 ID Call-ID
T 10ms 2.1
4
2 ID Call-IDT 10ms 0 2
UAC re-INVITE
BYE re-INVITE
re-INVITE re-INVITE 2xx ACK INVITE

13.2.1
14.2 UAS
13.3.1 INVITE re-INVITE
re-INVITE
UAS INVITE Cseq
INVITEUAS INVITE 500 0
10 Retry-After
UAS INVITE INVITE INVITE
491
UA re-INVITE
UAS
UAS re-INVITE 488

Warning
UAS 2xx ACK BYE
UAC UAS re-INVITE 180
re-INVITE UAS Alert-Info
Content-DispositionAlert
2xx INVITE UAS [12] SDP
UAS
UA UAS UAS
UAC UAC
BYE
15
SIP
INVITE UAS 1xx 2xx /
INVITE 2xx
2xx INVITE
INVITE BYE
UA UA BYE
UA BYE UA
BYE UA BYE
BYE UA 2xx ACK
BYE SIP BYE
INVITE 2xx CANCEL attractiveCANCEL

2xx INVITE487 UAC
CANCEL INVITE INVITE 2xx
CANCEL UAS UAC 2xx BYE
SIP
UA INVITE CANCEL
BYE UA
BYE
2xx ACK BYE
ACK
UI 403
BYE
15.1 BYE
15.1.1 UAC
12 BYE
BYEUAC INVITE BYE
BYE UAC
BYE 481/ 408
BYE INVITE UAC

15.1.2 UAS
UAS 8.2 UAS BYE
UAS BYE
BYE
UAS 481/
UAC BYE RFC2543
BYE
UAS BYE 12.2.2
UAS
participationUAS BYE 2xx
UAS 487
16
16.1
SIP SIP SIP
UAS
SIP
UAS
8.2
TCP
TCP
TU
100
CANCEL
16.2
SIP 17
3
17
8.2.6 100
UAS INVITE 100
S
T
+
+
C
T
C
T
C
T
+
+
+
CT =
ST =
+
+
+
+
3
1. ( 16.3 )
2. ( 16.4 )
3. ( 16.5 )
4. ( 16.6 )
5. ( 16.7 )
16.3
1.
2. URI
3. Max-Forwards
4. ()
5. Proxy-Require
6. Proxy-Authorization
8.2
8.2.2
1

Date
Date
2URI
Request-URI URI 416
URI
3Max-Forwards
Max-Forwards 20.22 SIP
Max-Forwards
OPTION 11
483
4
Via
16.6
Via
482
5Proxy-Require
Proxy-Require
Proxy-Require 20.29
420 Unsupported
20.40
6Proxy-Authorization
22.3
22.3
16.4
Request-URI
Request-URI
Record-Route 16.6 4 Route
Request-URI Route
Request-URI 12.2.1
Record-Route URI
URI
Request-URI maddr
Request-URI maddr
Request-URI
maddr
maddr
maddr URI
Route
16.5
URI
Request-URI maddr Request-URI URI
16.6
URI 16.6
HTTP
Request-URI
SIP
Request-URI
10.3 Request-URI
Request-URI 485
Contact URI
sip:John.Smith@company.com INVITE John
Smiths 21.4.23
URI
URI URI
URI
Request-URI
URI Request-URI URI

URI 3xx 416
Request-URI
3xx
SIP
URI
URI
URI URI
16.6 6 SIP
SIPS URI Route
Request-URI 404
480
16.6
q Contact 20.10
q q q
Request-URI
Max-Forwards
Record-Route
Via
Content-Length
10
11
7.3.1
Request-URI
URI Request-URI URI

Request-URI
Request-URI
Max-Forwards
Max-Forwards 1
70
UA Max-Forwards
4
Record-Route
Route Record-Route
Record-Route
Route
Record-Route 12
Record-Route
Record-Route
Record-Route
Record-Route Route
12
Record-Route
Record-Route
Record-Route URI SIP SIPS URI URI
lr 19.1.1 URI
URI
URI
SIP SIP URI TCP/UDP
Record-Route URI URI
URI SIP Request-URI
SIPS URI Route 6 SIPS URI
Record-Route URI SIPS URI TLS
Record-Route TLS
Request-URI Route 6 SIPS
URI SIPS URI Record-Route
Record-Route URI
URI
Record-Route 16.7 8 URI

Record-Route
INVITE 200OK
Record-Route
Record-Route
Record-Route URI
Record-Route 12
Record-Routing
Record-Routing
Record-Route
Record-Route SIP INVITE
URI URI lr
Route
Route Route
10
Route

Route
Request-URI SIPS URI TLS
Route URI URI
lr
z
Request-URI Route
Route Request-URI Route

Route
Request-URI Route Request-URI

Route Request-URI
URI Request-URI
Route
7
IP
Route Request-URI IP
Route
Request-URI Route
Request-URI
URI Request-URI
SIPS URI SIPS URI
10
8 Via
408
8
Via
Via Via
8.1.1
magic cookie
8.1.1

Route Proxy-Require
Proxy-Authorization
16.3
TO From
Call-Id Request-URI Via Cseq
Proxy-Require Proxy-Authorization
16 MD5
Base64
branch
Request-URI
CANCEL ACK non-2xx
17.3 9.2
Content-Length
Content-Length
Content-Length 20.14
10
17.7
7
11
INVITE
TU C
INVITE C
16.7 2 16.8
16.7
17.1.3
INVITE 2xx
1.
2. C
3. Via
4.
5.
6.

7.
8. Record-Route
9.
10. CANCEL
1.
16.6
2. C
INVITE 101 199
101 199 100 C
3
3. Via
Via
Via
8.1.3 UAC
10 CANCEL
4.
3xx
Request-URI SIPS URI SIPS URI

3xx
3xx SIP SIPS SIP URI SIP SIPS URI
416 URI Request-URI

SIP SIP SIPS
SIP SIPS URI

URI SIP URI SIP URI tel URL
tel URL SIP URI
tel URL SIP URI 19.1.6
3xx SIP SIPS URI 416416
5.
100Trying
2xx
6xx
10
RFC2543 RFC2543 6xx INVITE
2xx
2xx UAC 2xx 6xx
6xx CANCEL
487 6xx
INVITE 2xx
100
Trying
Record-Route
INVITE
INVITE 2xx 2xx
6.
408
6xx
6xx 6xx
4xx
401407415420 484
503
503 503
503 Request-URI
503 500
Record-Route
4 503407501 404
407
1xx 2xx To UAC
To
1xx 2xx To 1xx 2xx To
1xx To
100 UAS UAS
UAS
UAS
3-6xx 3-6xx UAS
3-6xx
To To
To To
3-6xx To
To
To 401 407
3xx Contact 3xx Contact
7. Authorization
401 407
401 407
WWW-Authenticate Proxy-Authenticate
401 407
WWW-Authenticate Proxy-Authenticate
26
8. Record-Route
Record-Route
URI
TLS TLS
Record-Route URI SIPS URI TLS
TLS Record-Route URI SIP URI
URI Record-Route URI

16.6 4
URI
Record-Route
Record-Route
Record-Route
Record-Route URI
Record-Route URI
URI
Record-Route
URI URI
Record-Route
Record-Route
Record-Route
Record-Route Record-Route
9.
Record-Route
16.7 3 Via
Via
Via
10. CANCEL
CANCEL 6xx
CANCEL
CANCEL 9.1 CANCEL

CANCEL INVITE
200(OK) 200(OK) CANCEL
CANCEL
16.8 C
C
CANCEL 408
16.9
18.4
503
Via
16.10 CANCEL
9.1 CANCEL CANCEL
INVITE Expires
INVITE CANCEL
CANCEL
CANCEL
CANCEL 200OK
8.2
CANCEL 16.7 10
CANCEL
CANCEL
16.11
18
100
16.3
16.4 16.5
CANCEL ACK
INVITE
16.6
z
ID
ID 16.6 8
ID
Via ID
magic cookie ID ID
ID ViaTo
From Call-ID Cseq Request-URI
16.6
Route Record-Route Record-Route
URI Via
16.6 10
CANCEL
Route CANCEL
16.7
Via sent-by
Via
16.12
Route
1. Request-URI
Request-URI
2. Route URI URI

Route
3. Route Route
Request-URI URI URI 4
Request-URI
16.12.1
Basic SIP Trapezoid SIP U1P1P2U2
record-routing
U1
INVITE sip:callee@domain.com SIP/2.0
Contact: sip:caller@u1.example.com
P1P1 P1 domain.com DNS
domain.com DNS P1 Record-Route
INVITE sip:callee@domain.com SIP/2.0
Record-Route: <sip:p1.example.com;lr>
P2 P2 domain.com Request-URI
Record-Route Route
Request-URI
INVITE sip:callee@u2.domain.com SIP/2.0
Record-Route: <sip:p2.domain.com;lr>
U2.domain.com 200 OK
SIP/2.0 200 OK
Contact: sip:callee@u2.domain.com
U2 URI sip:caller@u1.example.com
(<sip:p2.domain.com;lr>,<sip:p1.example.com;lr>)
P2 P1 U1 U1 URI
sip:callee@u2.domain.com
(<sip:p1.example.com;lr>,<sip:p2.domain.com;lr>)
lr U1 BYE
BYE sip:callee@u2.domain.com SIP/2.0

Route: <sip:p1.example.com;lr>,<sip:p2.domain.com;lr>
U1 DNS Route URI
P1 P1 Request-URI
P1 Route
P2
Route: <sip:p2.domain.com;lr>
P2 Request-URI domain.com
u2.domain.com Route
DNS Request-URI
u2.domain.com

Record-Route RFC2543
U1P1P2P3P4U2
U2 INVITE
INVITE sip:callee@u2.domain.com SIP/2.0
Record-Route: <sip:p3.middle.com>
U2 200 OK U2 Route BYE
P4
BYE sip:caller@u1.example.com SIP/2.0
Route: <sip:p4.domain.com;lr>
Route: <sip:p3.middle.com>
Route: <sip:p2.example.com;lr>
P4 Request-URI P4 P4
Route
sip:p3.middle.com Route URI
lr
BYE sip:p3.middle.com SIP/2.0
Route: <sip:caller@u1.example.com>
P3 P2
BYE sip:p2.example.com;lr SIP/2.0
Route: <sip:caller@u1.example.com>
P2 request-URI Record-Route

P2 u1.example.com Route P1
P1 Route
P1 u1.example.com Route P1 Request-URI
u1.example.com
Record-Route U1 U2
P1 U1P1U2
U1
INVITE sip:callee@gateway.leftprivatespace.com SIP/2.0
Contact: <sip:caller@u1.leftprivatespace.com>
P1 U2
INVITE sip:callee@rightprivatespace.com SIP/2.0
Contact: <sip:caller@u1.leftprivatespace.com>
Record-Route: <sip:gateway.rightprivatespace.com;lr>
U2 200OK P1
SIP/2.0 200 OK
Contact: <sip:callee@u2.rightprivatespace.com>
Record-Route: <sip:gateway.rightprivatespace.com;lr>
P1 Record-Route U1
U1
SIP/2.0 200 OK
Contact: <sip:callee@u2.rightprivatespace.com>
Record-Route: <sip:gateway.leftprivatespace.com;lr>
U1 P1 BYE
BYE sip:callee@u2.rightprivatespace.com SIP/2.0
Route: <sip:gateway.leftprivatespace.com;lr>
P1 U2
BYE sip:callee@u2.rightprivatespace.com SIP/2.0
17
SIP SIP
INVITE INVITE 2xx

ACK 2xx ACK
UAC INVITE 200OK
UACUAS 13.1.1 UAC ACK
13.2.2 ACK UAC
4
UAC
UAS 4
4
UA
UA SIP
TU UA
TU ACK
INVITE 2xx ACK
TU
TU
INVITE 2xx ACK
2xx ACK UAS ACK UAC
2xx UA UA
2xx ACK INVITE 2xx ACK
17.1
TU TU
SIP IP
TU
TU INVITE
INVITE INVITE ACK
INVITE ACK TU
ACK ACK
INVITE INVITE
INVITE TU INVITE
17.1.1 INVITE
INVITE INVITE INVITE
ACK UDP
T1 T1 RTT
500ms T1 T1
1xx
1xx 1xx
ACK
5 INVITE TU INVITE
18
T1 A A
A 64T1
B B
A
2T1
A 2T1
T1 500msT1 RTT
Internet T1
RTT T1 T1

B
TU ACK64T1
TU
TU
300699
TU
ACK 17.1.1 ACK
ACK ACK
D 32
D
INVITE H 64T1
T1 32s D T1
ACK
TU 17.1.3
5INVITE
2xx
TU TU UAC
UAC ACK 200OK
200OK UAC
INVITE 2xx
UAC ACK 2xx
UAC
17.1.3
UAC 2xx 2xx
ACK ACK 2xx ACK

UAC 13
ACK Call-IDFrom Request-URI
ACK
To To
To ACK Via
Via ACK Cseq
ACK
INVITE Route ACK
ACK
ACK
2xx ACK
INVITE 415 INVITE
INVITE 415 ACK 415 Accept

Via: SIP/2.0/UDP pc33.atlanta.com;branch=z9hG4bKkjshdyff
From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.com>;tag=88sja8x
Max-Forwards: 70
Call-ID: 987asjd97y7atg
CSeq: 986759 INVITE
2xx ACK :
ACK sip:bob@biloxi.com SIP/2.0
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP pc33.atlanta.com;branch=z9hG4bKkjshdyff
To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.com>;tag=99sa0xk
From: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.com>;tag=88sja8x
Max-Forwards: 70
Call-ID: 987asjd97y7atg
CSeq: 986759 ACK
17.1.2 INVITE
INVITE INVITE ACK--
T1 T2
T2
INVITE INVITE 2xx UAC

INVITE 2xx
6 INVITE INVITE
TU
F 64T1
E T1
E
MIN2T1T2 MIN4T1T2
T2T2
4 T2 INVITE
T1 T2 500ms1s2s4s4s4s
F TU
TU
200699 TU
E
E T2 F TU
200699 TU
K T4
T4
T4 5s
17.1.3 K
17.1.3
17.1.1 17.1.2 Via
1. Via Via
2. Cseq CANCEL
Via To
SIP
single-hop-discovery-like
18.1.1
17.1.4
TU TU [4]
17.2
TU
INVITE
17.2.1 INVITE
7 INVITE
6 INVITE
100 TU 200ms
100
To To
MAY SHOULD NOT 100 8.2.6
TU
TU
TU
17.2.3
TU 2xx
2xx TU
TU 300699
G T1
RFC 2543 RFC

2543
H 64T1
H B
G
G MIN2T1T2 G
G T2
G T2 INVITE
ACK
G
H ACK
TU
ACK
I T4
I
7INVITE
INVITE 2xx
17.2.2 INVITE
8 INVITE
INVITE ACK
TU
17.2.3
TU
TU
TU
200699
J 64
T1
TU
J
17.2.3
Via magic cookie

z9Hg4BK
1. Via
2. Via sent-by Via
sent-by
3. ACK
INVITE
INVITE INVITE
Sent-by
Via magic cookie

RFC 2543
INVITE Request-URITo From Call-IDCseq
Via INVITE
INVITE ACK Request-URI
From Call-IDCseq Via INVITE
ACK To To
ACK
ACK To 2xx ACK ACK
ACK ACK INVITE

ACK
Request-URITo From
Call-IDCseq Via
INVITE
Request-URI TU
17.2.4
[4]
[4] TU
18
TCPSCTP TLS
IP
IP
[4]
8 INVITE
2xx
INVITE ACK
64*T1
T1 17.1.1
C TU
16.6 11
SIP UDP TCPSIP
RFC254 TCP UA
TCP
18.1
18.1.1
IP TTL
MTU 200 1300 MTU
RFC2914[36] TCP Via
Via UDP
UDP 65,535 IP UDP

MTU 200 SIP
INVITE Record-Route
170 Ipv4 IPSecIP/UDP
30 MTU 1500 MTU 1300
UDP TCP
ICMP TCP UDP
TCP RFC2543
Via maddr
Ipv4 1 ttl Ipv6
SIP
single-hop-discovery-like
17.1.3
Via
Via sent-by
IP FQDN
UDPTCP SCTP
5060 TLS 5061
IP sent-by
[4] 5
IP
semt-by
[4] 5
IP
TTL
IP
18.1.2
Via
semt-by
17.1.3
UA
UA
18.2
18.2.1
IP DNS
SIP SIPS URI[4]
URI RGDISTER Contact
Record-Route URI web
SIP TCP UDP SIP 5060 TCP TLS
SIP 5061
UDP
TCP TCP UDP
TCP
UDP UDP
Via sent-by
sent-by IP
Via received
IP
INVITE sip:bob@Biloxi.com SIP/2.0

Via: SIP/2.0/UDP bobspc.biloxi.com:5060
IP 192.0.2.4
received
INVITE sip:bob@Biloxi.com SIP/2.0

Via: SIP/2.0/UDP bobspc.biloxi.com:5060;received=192.0.2.4
17.2.3
UAS INVITE 2xx

ACK
ACK UAS
18.2.2
Via
z
TCP SCTP
TLS
sent-by
received IP
IP
[4]
Via maddr sent-by

5060
ttl TTL
1 TTL
Via received
sent-by 5060
received ICMP
[4] 5
[4] 5
sent-by
18.3
UDP Content-Length
400
Content-Length
TCPContent-Length
Content-Length
18.4
ICMP
ICMP
TTL ICMP
19
SIP SIP SIP
19.1 SIP SIPS

SIP SIPS URI URI SIP SIPS URI
web
PSTN
SIPS URI UAC URI TLS
SIP URI SIPS URI

19.1.1 SIP SIPS URI
sip:sips: RFC2396[5] URL
SIP SIP web
URI 25 SIP SIPS
URI SIP URI
sip:user:password@host:port;uri-parameters?headers
SIPS URI sips sip
User:
URI Userinfo user password URI
Userinfo
SIP SIPS URI user
Internet RFC2806
user SIP SIPS URI
19.1.2
Password: SIP SIPS URI
URI
PIN PIN
password user password
user:password
Host SIP Ipv4 Ipv6
Port
URI URI
URI
URI
parameter-name = parameter-value
URI URI
transportmaddrttlusermethod lr
SIP [4]SIP
UDPRFC768[13]
TCPRFC761[14] SCTPRFC2960[15]
SIPS URI transport
Maddr host
maddr URI port transport maddr
[4] transportmaddr
hostport
Maddr URI
maddr
Route 8.1.1
URI
Ttl UDP maddr
UDP alice@atlanta.com ttl 15
239.255.255.1 URI
sip:alice@atlanta.com;maddr=239.255.255.1;ttl=15
telephone-subscriber URI
telephone-subscriber user phone

SIP SIPS URI
URI SIP method

lr
RFC2543
bis-05 rfc2543bis URI lr
Request-URI

uri SIP uri
Header URI
SIP URI ampersand
separated hname = hvalue pairs hname hvalue SIP
URI SIP SIPS URI

SIP web URIm
o URI
Contact URI
INVITE 200OKREGISTER
200OK 3xx
dialog
reg./redir. Contact/
default
Req.-URI
To
From
Contact
R-R/Route
external
user
--
password
--
host
--
port
(1)
user-param
ip
method
INVITE
maddr-param
--
ttl-param
transp.-param
(2)
lr-param
--
other-param
--
headers
--
(1) UDPTCP SCTP Sip 5060

TCP TLS sip 5061 TCP TLS sips: 5061
(2)sip: UDPsips:
TCP
1SIP Request-URI URI
SIP URI SIP RFC 2396 [5]
escaping RFC 2396 [5]

URI
US-ASCII [5] URI
US-ASCII RFC 2396 [5] URI ,
URI
BNF
j@s0n@
j
25 hname hvalue URI
RFC 2806 [8]

SIP URI
BNF
SIP SIPS URI
IDN
19.1.2 SIP SIP URI
sip:alice@atlanta.com
sip:alice:secretword@atlanta.com;transport=tcp
sips:alice@atlanta.com?subject=project%20x&priority=urgent
sip:+1-212-555-1212:1234@gateway.com;user=phone
sips:1212@gateway.com
sip:alice@192.0.2.4
sip:atlanta.com;method=REGISTER?to=alice%40atlanta.com
sip:alice;day=tuesday@atlanta.com
URI alice;day=Tuesday
SIP
19.1.3 URI
SIP SIPS URI
REGISTER Contact URI 10.3 SIP
SIP URI
z
SIP SIP URI
SIP SIPS URI userinfo

userinfo
URI
SIP SIPS URI
RFC 2396 [5]
DNS IP
URI
URI URI URI

URI
URI URI
URI 5060 URI
transport ttl user
sip:user@host sip:user@host:5060 RFC2543
URI URI URI sip:user@host:5060
5060 URI sip:user@host [4] DNS SRV
URI uri
z
URI uri
URI Userttl uri
maddr URI maddr URI
URI URI uri
URI URI URI URI

20
URI
sip:%61lice@atlanta.com;transport=TCP
sip:alice@AtLanTa.CoM;Transport=tcp
sip:carol@chicago.com
sip:carol@chicago.com;newparam=5
sip:carol@chicago.com;security=on
sip:biloxi.com;transport=tcp;method=REGISTER?to=sip:bob%40biloxi.com
sip:biloxi.com;method=REGISTER;transport=tcp?to=sip:bob%40biloxi.com
sip:alice@atlanta.com?subject=project%20x&priority=urgent
sip:alice@atlanta.com?priority=urgent&subject=project%20x
URI
SIP:ALICE@AtLanTa.CoM;Transport=udp
sip:alice@AtLanTa.CoM;Transport=UDP
sip:bob@biloxi.com
sip:bob@biloxi.com:5060
sip:bob@biloxi.com
sip:bob@biloxi.com;transport=udp
sip:bob@biloxi.com
sip:bob@biloxi.com:6000;transport=tcp
sip:carol@chicago.com?Subject=next%20meeting
sip:bob@phone21.boxesbybob.com
sip:bob@192.0.2.4
phone21.box
esbybob.com
z
sip:carol@chicago.com;security=off
z
sip:carol@chicago.com;security=off
19.1.4 URI
URI URIweb URI
URI
honor Request-URI transportmaddr
ttl user URI method
method
Request-URI URI Request-URI
URI
FromCall-IDCseqVia Record-Route
Route
AcceptAccept-EncodingAccept-Language
AllowContact
Organization
Supported User-Agent
Content-DispositionContent-EncodingContent-Language
Content-LengthContent-Type
Date
Mime-Version
Timestamp
URI SIP URI
URI
URI

URI URI
Require
URI
19.1.5 SIP URI tel URL
tel URLRFC 2806 [8] SIP SIPS URI tel URL
tel:+358-555-1234567;postd=pp22
sip:+358-555-1234567;postd=pp22@foo.com;user=phone
sips:+358-555-1234567;postd=pp22@foo.com;user=phone
sip:+358-555-1234567@foo.com;postd=pp22;user=phone
sips:+358-555-1234567@foo.com;postd=pp22;user=phone
telURL SIP SIPS URI
SIP SIPS URISIP SIPS URI userinfo Tel
URL tel URL tel URL
SIP URI
tel:+358-555-1234567;postd=pp22
tel:+358-555-1234567;POSTD=PP22
sip:+358-555-1234567;POSTD=PP22@foo.com;user=phone
tel:+358-555-1234567;postd=pp22;isub=1411
tel:+358-555-1234567;isub=1411;postd=pp22
sip:+358-555-1234567;postd=pp22;isub=1411@foo.com;user=phone
sip:+358-555-1234567;isub=1411;postd=pp22@foo.com;user=phone
isdn-subaddress post-dial
tel URL

tel:+358-555-1234567;postd=pp22
tel:+358-555-1234567;POSTD=PP22
tel:+358-555-1234567;tsp=a.b;phone-context=5
tel:+358-555-1234567;phone-context=5;tsp=a.b
sip:+358-555-1234567;phone-context=5;tsp=a.b@foo.com;user=phone
19.2
SIP Require
20.32 Proxy-Require 20.29 Supported 20.37 Unsupported
20.40 option-tag = token
25
RFC
20.32 20.37 IANA
19.3
SIP To From tag
Call-ID UA
From ID
To SIP
UA
32 UA
INVITE From INVITE To UA
PSTN
INVITE From
To
UAS
UAS
20
7.3
[HX.Y] HTTP/1.1 RFC2616[7] X.Y
2 3
where
R
r
2xx,4xx,etc.:
c
z
where
proxy
a
m
d
r
6
c
m
m*/
o
t/
TCP
* 20.14 20.15 7.4
Optional
UA 20.32 Require
mandatory UAS mandatory

mandatory UAC
Not applicable
UAS not applicable
UAS UAC
UA
ContactFrom To URI URI
URI<and> URI URI

URI
20.1 Accept
Accept [H14.1] Accept
application/sdp
Accept
Acceptapplication/sdp;level=1,application/x-private,text/html
20.2 Accept-Encoding
Accept-Encoding Accept [H3.5][H14.3] SIP [H14.3]
Accept-Encoding Accept-Encoding identity identity
encoding
Accept-Encoding identity
Header
field
where
proxy
ACK
BYE
CAN
INV
OPT
Accept
m*
Accept
2xx
m*
Accept
415
Accept-Encoding
Accept-Encoding
2xx
m*
Accept-Encoding
415
Accept-Language
Accept-Language
2xx
m*
Accept-Language
415
Alert-Info
ar
Alert-Info
180
ar
Allow
Allow
2xx
m*
m*
REG
Allow
Allow
405
Authentication-Info
2xx
Authorization
Call-ID
Call-Info
ar
Contact
Contact
1xx
Contact
2xx
Contact
3xx
Contact
485
Content-Disposition
Content-Encoding
Content-Language
Content-Length
ar
Content-Type
CSeq
Date
Error-Info
300-699
Expires
From
In-Reply-To
Max-Forwards
amr
Min-Expires
423
MIME-Version
Organization
ar
2AO
Header
field
wher
e
prox
y
AC
K
BY
E
CA
N
IN
V
OP
T
Priority
ar
Proxy-Authenticate
407
ar
Proxy-Authenticate
401
ar
Proxy-Authorizatio
n
dr
Proxy-Require
ar
Record-Route
ar
Record-Route
2xx,18x
mr
Reply-To
Require
ar
Retry-After
404,413,480,48
6
500,503
600,603
Route
adr
Server
Subject
Supported
m*
Supported
2xx
m*
m*
Timestamp
To
c(1)
Unsupported
420
User-Agent
Via
amr
Via
rc
dr
Warning
WWW-Authenticate
401
ar
RE
G
WWW-Authenticate
407
ar
3PZ(1)
HTTP HTTP Accept-Encoding
identity
:
Accept-Encodinggzip
20.3 Accept-Language
Accept-Language
Accept-Language
Accept-Language [H14.4] SIP

q
Accept-Languageda,en-gb;q=0.8,en;q=0.7
20.4 Alert-Info
INVITE Alert-Info UAS 180
Alert-Info UAC
Alert-Info
20.9
Call-Info
Alert-Info<http://www.example.com/sounds/moo.wav>
20.5 Allow
Allow UA
UA ACK CANCEL Allow
Allow UA
UA
AllowINVITE,ACK,OPTIONS,CANCEL,BYE
20.6 Authentication-Info
Authentication-Info HTTP UAS 2xx
Authorization
RFC2617[16]
Authentication-Infonextnonce="47364c23432d2e131a5fb210812c"
20.7 Authorization
Authorization UA 22.2 Authorization
22.4 HTTP
Proxy-Authrization
7.3
Digest
AuthorizationDigestusername="Alice",realm="atlanta.com",
nonce="84a4cc6f3082121f32b42a2187831a9e",
response="7587245234b3434cc3412213e5f113a5432"
20.8 Call-ID
Call-ID
Call-ID
Call-ID
Call-ID I
Call-IDf81d4fae-7dec-11d0-a765-00a0c91e6bf6@biloxi.com
i:f81d4fae-7dec-11d0-a765-00a0c91e6bf6@192.0.2.4
20.9 Call-Info
Call-Info Call-Info
Purpose URI icon
info
Card vCard[37] LDIF[38] 27
IANA
Call-Info URI
UA UA
Call-Info UA

Call-Info<http://wwww.example.com/alice/photo.jpg>
;purpose=icon,
<http://www.example.com/alice/>;purpose=info
20.10 Contact
Contact URI URI
Contact URI URI
Contact q expires Contact REGISTER
3xx
URI URI <>
<> URI URI
display-name addr-spec
name-addr display-name < LWS
URI URI TO From
Contact HTTP HTTP
URI
Contact m(moved)
Contact"Mr.Watson"<sip:watson@worcester.bell-telephone.com>
;q=0.7;expires=3600,
"Mr.Watson"<mailto:watson@bell-telephone.com>;q=0.1
m<sips:bob@192.0.2.4>;expires=60
20.11 Content-Disposition
Content-Disposition UAC UAS
SIP MIME Content-Type(RFC 2183 [17])

SIP Content-Disposition disposition-Typessession
render
render inline
MIME SIP MIME
Content-Disposition
Content-Typeapplication/sdp session render
icon
Alert

180
disposition-type
MIME
-
UAS optional required required
RFC 3204[18]
MIME render
Content-Dispositionsession
20.12 Content-Encoding
Content-Encoding media-type
Content-Type
Content-Encoding
IANA -
[H3.5]
Accept-Encoding
Content-Encoding e
Content-Encodinggzip
etar
20.13 Content-Language
[H14.12]
Content-Languagefr
20.14 Content-Length
Content-Length -
-
TCP
- CRLF 0
Content-Length Content-Length
0
Content-Length cgi
l

Content-Length349
l173
20.15 Content-Type
Content-Type [H3.7]
Content-Type
Content-Type 0
c
Content-Typeapplication/sdp
ctext/html;charset=ISO-8859-4
20.16 Cseq
Cseq
32 Cseq Cseq
Cseq
CSeq4711 INVITE
20.17 Date
Date HTTP/1.1 SIP RFC1123[19]
[H3.3]SIP SIP GMT RFC3261
RFC1123
Date
Date
GMT GMT
DateSat,13 Nov 2010 23:29:00 GMT

20.18 Error-Info
Error-Info
SIP UAC PC black
Error-Info UAC
UAC Error-Info SIP SIPS URI

Contact INVITE INVITE
SIP URI
SIP/2.0 404 The number you have dialed is not in service

Error-Info<sip:not-in-service-recording@atlanta.com>
20.19 Expires
Expires
INVITE
0 2**32-1
Expires5
20.20 From
From From
display-name
Anomymous display-name addr-spec
name-addr 7.3.1
From URI
URI URI 20.10

From f
From"A.G.Bell"<sip:agb@bell-telephone.com>;tag=a48s
Fromsip:+12125551212@server.phone2net.com;tag=887s
fAnonymous<sip:c8oqz84zk7z@privacy.org>;tag=hyh8
20.21 In-Reply-To
In-Reply-To Call-ID
Call-ID In-Reply-To Call-ID

In-Reply-To70710@saturn.bell-tel.com,17320@saturn.bell-tel.com
20.22 Max-Forwards
Max-Forwards SIP
Max-Forwards 0 225
70
B2BUA Max-Forwards
Max-Forwards6
20.23 Min-Expires
Min-Expires
Contact 0 2**32-1
10.2.8 10.3 21.4.17 423
Min-Expires60
20.24 MIME-Version
[H19.4.1]
MIME-Version1.0
20.25 Organization
SIP Organization
OrganizationBoxes by Bob
20.26 Priority
Priority Priority SIP
Priority Priority normal

Priority PSTN
non-urgentnormalurgent emergency
emergency
RFC2076[39]emergency
SubjectA tornado is heading our way!

Priorityemergency
or
SubjectWeekend plans
Prioritynon-urgent
20.27 Proxy-Authenticate
Proxy-Authenticate
[H14.33] 22.3
Proxy-AuthenticateDigestrealm="atlanta.com",
domain="sip:ss1.carrier.com",qop="auth",
nonce="f84f1cec41e6cbe5aea9c8e88d359",
opaque="",stale=FALSE,algorithm=MD5
20.28 Proxy-Authorization
Proxy-Authorization
Proxy-Authorization
/
22.3
Authorization
7.3.1
Proxy-AuthorizationDigestusername="Alice",realm="atlanta.com",
nonce="c60f3082ee1212b402a21831ae",
response="245f23415f11432b3434341c022"
20.29 Proxy-Require
Proxy-Require
20.32
Proxy-Requirefoo
20.30 Record-Route
Record-Route
16.12.1 Route
Record-Route: <sip:server10.biloxi.com;lr>,
<sip:bigbox3.site3.atlanta.com;lr>
20.31 Reply-To
Reply-To From URI URI
display-name addr-spec
name-addr 7.3.1
Reply-To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.com>

20.32 Require
UAC Require UAS UAC UAS
Require
19.2 Require
SIP
UAC RFC
Require: 100rel
20.33 Retry-After
Retry-After 500 530
404413480
486600
603
()
duration
Retry-After: 18000;duration=3600
Retry-After: 120 (Im in a meeting)
20.34 Route
Route Route
16.12.1
Route: <sip:bigbox3.site3.atlanta.com;lr>,
<sip:server10.biloxi.com;lr>
20.35 Server
Server UAS
Server
Server: HomeServer v2
20.36 Subject
Subject
Subject s
Subject: Need more boxes

s: Tech Support
20.37 Supported
Supported UAC UAS
19.2 Supported UAC UAS
UA RFC
Supported k
Supported: 100rel
20.38 Timestamp
Timestamp UAC UAS
8.2.6
SIP RTT
Timestamp: 54
20.39 To
To
display-name Tag
Tag 19.3
To From URI URI
20.10
To t
To
To: The Operator <sip:operator@cs.columbia.edu>;tag=287447
t: sip:+12125551212@server.phone2net.com
20.40 Unsupported
Unsupported UAS 20.32
Unsupported: foo
20.41 User-Agent
User-Agent UAC [H14.43]
User-Agent
User-Agent: Softphone Beta1.5

20.42 Via
Via
Via ID
Via
Via maddrttlreceived branch

magic cookie z9hG4bK 8.1.1
UDPTCPTLS SCTPTLS TCP TLS SIPS
URI SIP TLS
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP erlang.bell-telephone.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bK87asdks7
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.1:5060 ;received=192.0.2.207
;branch=z9hG4bK77asjd
Via v
192.0.2.1 192.0.2.207
Erlang.bell-telephone.com
Via
SIP URI LWS
/
Via: SIP / 2.0 / UDP first.example.com: 4000;ttl=16
;maddr=224.2.0.1 ;branch=z9hG4bKa7c6a8dlze.1
BNF
RFC 2543
Via sent-by
20.43 Warning
Warning Warning
Accept-Language Content-Language
i-default [20]
Warn-code
3 SIP
300 329 330 339
370 379
QoS 390 399
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
330
331
370
399
HTTP/1.1 1xx 2xx

warn-code IANA 27.2
Warning: 307 isi.edu "Session parameter foo not understood"

Warning: 301 isi.edu "Incompatible network address type E.164"
20.44 WWW-Authenticate
WWW-Authenticate 22.2
WWW-Authenticate: Digest realm="atlanta.com",

domain="sip:boxesbybob.com", qop="auth",
nonce="f84f1cec41e6cbe5aea9c8e88d359",
opaque="", stale=FALSE, algorithm=MD5
21
HTTP/1.1 HTTP/1.1
HTTP/1.1 HTTP/1.1
SIP 6xx
21.1 1xx
200 1xx
1xx ACK1xx
21.1.1 100
UAC
INVITE100
21.1.2 180
INVITE UA
21.1.3 181
21.1.4 182
5 15
182
21.1.5 183
183
21.2 2xx
21.2.1 200 OK
21.3 3xx
3xx
21.3.1 300
UA
Accept
UA MIME
Contact 20.10 HTTP SIP
Contact Contact UA Contact
21.3.2
301
Request-URI Contact 20.10
21.3.3
302
Contact 20.10
Request-URI Contact
Contact URI Expires 20.19 Contact
expires UA URI
Contact URI
Request-URI
URI URI
21.3.4
305
Contact Contact URI

UAS 305
21.3.5
380
21.4 4xx
4xx
21.4.1
400
Call-ID
21.4.2
401
UAS 407
21.4.3
402
21.4.4
403
Authorization
21.4.5
404
21.4.6
405
Request-Line Request-URI
Allow
21.4.7
406
Accept
21.4.8
407
401SIP
26 22.3
21.4.9
408
21.4.10 410
404
21.4.11 413
Retry-After
21.4.12 414 Request-URI

Request-URI
21.4.13 415
AcceptAccept-Encoding
Accept-Language 8.1.3 UAC
21.4.14 416 URI
Request-URI URI 8.1.3
21.4.15 420
Proxy-Require 20.29 Require 20.32
Unsupported
8.1.3 UAC
21.4.16 421
UAS Supported
Require
UAS
Supported SIP
21.4.17 423
Contact 10.2.8 10.3 20.23

Min-Expires
21.4.18 480
Retry-After
UA 486
Request-URI
21.4.19 481 /
UAS
21.4.20 482
16.3 4
21.4.21 483
0 Max-Forwards ( 20.22 )
21.4.22 484
Request-URI
484
21.4.23 485
Request-URI Contact
404
Request-URI
Request-URI sip: lee@example.com
SIP/2.0 485 Ambiguous
Contact: Carol Lee <sip:carol.lee@example.com>

Contact: Ping Lee <sip:p.lee@example.com>
Contact: Lee M. Foote <sips:lee.foote@example.com>
3xx
300 3xx
485
21.4.24 486
Retry-After
600
21.4.25 487
BYE CANCEL CANCEL
21.4.26 488
606 Request-URI
INVITE
application/sdp INVITE Accept OPTIONS 200
OK
21.4.27 491
UAS UAS 14.2
glare
21.4.28 493
UAS MIME MIME
UA
MIME 23.2
21.5 5xx
5xx
21.5.1 500
Retry-After
21.5.2 501
UAS
405
21.5.3 502
21.5.4 503
Retry-After
Retry-After
500 Server
503 UAC
Retry-After Retry-After
UAC
503
21.5.5 504
Expires 408
21.5.6 505
SIP
21.5.7 513
21.6 6xx
6xx Request-URI
21.6.1 600
Retry-After
603
486
21.6.2 603
Retry-After

21.6.3 604
Request-URI
21.6.4 606
606
Warning 606
20.43 Warning
INVITE
application/sdp INVITE Accept OPTIONS
200OK
606
22
HTTP
SIP HTTP
UA 22.1
SIP
RFC 2543
22.1
SIP HTTPRFC 2617[16]
BNF SIP UAS
401 UAC 401
407
Proxy-Authenticate Proxy-Authorization WWW-Authenticate

Authorization RFC 2617[16]
SIP URL SIP
RFC 2543 RFC 2543 Request-URI
UAC Request-URI Request-URI UAC

Request-URI
Request-URI SIP URI URI tel

URL
RFC 2617[16]
3.2.1

Authorization: Digest realm="biloxi.com", <...>
SIP
anonymous UAC PSTN
SIP
ACK CANCEL
ACKACK INVITE
ACK UAC ACK INVITE Authorization

Proxy-Authorization ACK
CANCEL 2xx
CANCEL CANCEL
26.2.1
CANCEL
UAC UAC
realm WWW-Authenticate Proxy-Authenticate
UA
UAC
anonymous 403
UAC
22.2
UAS UAC UAS
Authorization 401UAS
401 WWW-Authenticate
401 WWW- Authenticate

WWW-Authenticate: Digest
realm="biloxi.com",
qop="auth,auth-int",
nonce="dcd98b7102dd2f0e8b11d0f600bfb0c093",
opaque="5ccc069c403ebaf9f0171e9517f40e41"
UAC 401UAC
UA To
realm UA
UAC anonymous
UAS UA
401 Authorization
Authorization UA
Authorization
Authorization: Digest username="bob",
realm="biloxi.com",
nonce="dcd98b7102dd2f0e8b11d0f600bfb0c093",
uri="sip:bob@biloxi.com",
qop=auth,
nc=00000001,
cnonce="0a4f113b",
response="6629fae49393a05397450978507c4ef1",
opaque="5ccc069c403ebaf9f0171e9517f40e41"
401 407 UAC
Cseq
22.3
UAC
Proxy-Authorization 407
Proxy-Authentication 407
[16] Proxy-Authentication Proxy-Authorization
Proxy-Authorization
UAC 407 UAC
Proxy-Authorization
Proxy-Authorization
Cseq Cseq UAC UAS
UAC 407
401 realm
UAC anonymous
UAC
UA Call-ID 401/407 Proxy-Authenticate

UA Call-ID
UA UA UA
Route
UA 407
Proxy-Authorization
Proxy-Authorization
Proxy-Authorization UA /
Proxy-Authorization realm
Proxy-Authenticate
Proxy-Authorization realm
Proxy-Authorization
Proxy-Authorization
Proxy-Authorization
Proxy-Authorization
16.7 / UA
UAC UA
WWW-Authenticate
Proxy-Authenticate
UAC
UAC
UAC
UA
401 407
UAC WWW-Authenticate Authorization
Proxy-Authenticate Proxy-Authorization UAC
realm
401 407
UAC Authorization Proxy-Authorization

realm
22.4
SIP HTTP SIP HTTP[16]
RFC 2543 RFC 2069[40] HTTP RFC 2617 SIP

RFC 2069 RFC 2617 SIP
[16]SIP/2.0 HTTP/1.1
1. URI BNF
URISIP-URI/SIP-URI
2. RFC 2617 BNF HTTP uri
RFC 2617 3.5
SIP
uri
3. digest-uri-value BNF
digest-uri-value = Request-URI ; 25
4. Etag SIP
5. RFC 2617[16] SIP
6. RFC 2617 URI Authorization URI
SIP URI
SIP Authorization
Request-URI
7. A2
SIP MD5
H(entity-body) = MD5("") = "d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e"

8. RFC 2617 qop Authorization
Proxy-Authorization cnonce conoce
MD5-Sess
qop RFC2617 RFC 2069
RFC 2617 qop RFC 2543 RFC 2069
qop
WWW-Authenticate Proxy-Authenticate qop
qop qop
RFC 2543 Authentication-Info rfc2069
RFC 2617[16] qop

RFC 2069 RFC 2617
23
S/MIME
SIP MIME MIME MIME

multipart/signedapplication/pkcs7-mimeMIME RFC 1847[21]
RFC 2630[22] RFC 2633[23] SIP
SDP MIME
RFC 2543 SIP PGP

23.1 S/MIME
S/MIME
userinfo @ SIP SIPS URI domainname

bob@biloxi.com
SIP
UA
S/MIME
URIFrom
26.4.2
SIP
UAC
SIP URI
23.2 S/MIME
SIP
SIP S/MIME CMS SignedData
UAC S/MIME S/MIME

INVITE UAC S/MIMEmultipart/signed CMS
SignedDate CMS EnvelopedData
UAC SignedData EnvelopedData

UAS S/MIME CMS UAS
UAS S/MIME
SubjectAltName
From
From UAS
SIP From UAS
UAS S/MIME S/MIME

UAS INVITE UAS S/MIME
multipart/signed CMS SignedData CMS EnvelopedData
UAS SignedData EnvelopedData
UAC S/MIME S/MIME
UAC UAC To
UAC
To
UAC
UAC UAS UAC
CMS SignedData
UA From From UA
UA
UA
SSH
26.4.2
UA S/MIME UA 493
MIME certs-onlysmime-type
To
493 S/MIME
S/MIME
MIME S/MIME
Content-Disposition handling 415
S/MIME
S/MIME S/MIME 415
S/MIME MIME
UAC S/MIME
S/MIME
From UAS
UA CMS SignedData
UA
23.3 MIME
SIP MIME S/MIME
[23]
z
multipart/signedCMS
S/MIME
z
z
S/MIMEContent-Disposition
UACUAC
application/pkcs7-timeMIMEUACCMS
OPTION23.4
message/sip
S/MIME
z
S/MIME SMIMECapabilities[23] 2.5.2

preferSignedData CMS SignedData
OPTIONS
S/MIME SHA1 3DES

SMIMECapabilities
SIP S/MIME UA
SIP S/MIME SDP

Via: SIP/2.0/UDP pc33.atlanta.com;branch=z9hG4bKnashds8
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Max-Forwards: 70
Content-Type: application/pkcs7-mime; smime-type=enveloped-data;
name=smime.p7m
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=smime.p7m

handling=required
***************************************************
* Content-Type: application/sdp
*
*
* v=0
*
* o=alice 53655765 2353687637 IN IP4 pc33.atlanta.com
*
*
*
*
s=t=0 0
c=IN IP4 pc33.atlanta.com
m=audio 3456 RTP/AVP 0 1 3 99
*
*
* a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000
*
*
*
***************************************************
23.4 S/MIME SIP SIP
SIP S/MIME
message/sip MIME SIP SIP
MIME SIP
outer
UAS message/sip S/MIME
smime message/sip
MIME SDPinner S/MIME
MIME message/sip
MIME multipart/mixed
23.4.1 SIP
S/MIME
innerouter
message/sipSIP innerouter
Date
20 SIP
outer
Request-URIViaRecord-RouteRoute
Max-Forwards Proxy-Authorization
outer
To
FromCall-IDCseq Contact Call-IDCseq Contact
outer To From
From outer
outer
SubjectReply-To
OrganizationAcceptAccept-EncodingAccept-LanguageAlert-InfoError-Info
Authentication-Info Expires In-Reply-To Require Supported Unsupported
Retry-AfterUser-AgentServer Warning
UA
outerouter
Date innerouter
MIME inner MIME MIME-specific
MIME-VersionContent-TypeContent-LengthContent-Language
Content-Encoding Content-Disposition
outer S/MIME MIME
MIME SIP MIME
Min-ExpiresTimestampAuthorizationPriority
WWW-Authenticate
outerUA inner
UA
SIP
SIP UA
23.4.2
CMS message/sipMIME
S/MIME SIP SIP
message/sip(ToFromCall-ID CSeq)
MIME
MIME (
)
inner
Date
()
403()
UA
message/sip
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Max-Forwards: 70
Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2002 13:02:03 GMT
Content-Type: multipart/signed;
protocol="application/pkcs7-signature";
micalg=sha1; boundary=boundary42
Content-Length: 568
--boundary42
Content-Type: message/sip
To: Bob <bob@biloxi.com>
From: Alice <alice@atlanta.com>;tag=1928301774
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Max-Forwards: 70
Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2002 13:02:03 GMT
Content-Length: 147
v=0
o=UserA 2890844526 2890844526 IN IP4 here.com
s=Session SDP
c=IN IP4 pc33.atlanta.com
t=0 0
m=audio 49172 RTP/AVP 0
a=rtpmap:0 PCMU/8000
--boundary42
Content-Type: application/pkcs7-signature; name=smime.p7s
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=smime.p7s;
handling=required
ghyHhHUujhJhjH77n8HHGTrfvbnj756tbB9HG4VQpfyF467GhIGfHfYT6
4VQpfyF467GhIGfHfYT6jH77n8HHGghyHhHUujhJh756tbB9HGTrfvbnj
n8HHGTrfvhJhjH776tbB9HG4VQbnj7567GhIGfHfYT6ghyHhHUujpfyF4
7GhIGfHfYT64VQbnj756
--boundary42-
23.4.3
CMS EncelopedData S/MIME message/sipMIME
S/MIME
SDP
Subject Organization SIP
From
(sip:anonymous@anonymizer.invalid)
From message/sipMIME
From
S/MIME
inner From
message/sipMIME
multipart/signed MIME application/pkcs7-mime
*
From: Anonymous <sip:anonymous@atlanta.com>;tag=1928301774
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Max-Forwards: 70
Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2002 13:02:03 GMT
Contact: <sip:pc33.atlanta.com>
Content-Type: multipart/signed;
protocol="application/pkcs7-signature";
micalg=sha1; boundary=boundary42
Content-Length: 568
--boundary42
Content-Type: application/pkcs7-mime; smime-type=enveloped-data;
name=smime.p7m
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=smime.p7m
handling=required
Content-Length: 231
*************************************************
* Content-Type: message/sip
*
*
*
24
Content-Length Content-Type
24.1
Bob 9
9: SIP
F1 REGISTER BobRegistrar
REGISTER sip:registrar.biloxi.com SIP/2.0
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP bobspc.biloxi.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKnashds7
Max-Forwards: 70
From: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.com>;tag=456248
Call-ID: 843817637684230@998sdasdh09
CSeq: 1826 REGISTER
Expires: 7200
Content-Length: 0
200 OK
F2 200 OK RegistrarBob
SIP/2.0 200 OK
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP bobspc.biloxi.com:5060;branch=z9hG4bKnashds7
; received=192.0.2.4
To: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.com>;tag=2493k59kd
From: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.com>;tag=456248
Call-ID: 843817637684230@998sdasdh09
CSeq: 1826 REGISTER
Expires: 7200
Content-Length: 0
24.2
4 1
Allow Supported
F1 INVITE Aliceproxy
Max-Forwards: 70
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Content-Length: 142
(Alice SDP not shown)
F2 100 Trying proxy Alice
SIP/2.0 100 Trying
;received=192.0.2.1
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Content-Length: 0
F3 INVITE proxy biloxi.com proxy
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP bigbox3.site3.atlanta.com;branch=z9hG4bK77ef4c2312983.1
;received=192.0.2.1
Max-Forwards: 69
CSeq: 314159 INVITE

Content-Length: 142
F4 100 Trying biloxi.com proxyproxy
SIP/2.0 100 Trying
;received=192.0.2.2
;received=192.0.2.1
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Content-Length: 0
F5 INVITE biloxi.com proxy Bob
INVITE sip:bob@192.0.2.4 SIP/2.0
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP server10.biloxi.com;branch=z9hG4bK4b43c2ff8.1
;received=192.0.2.2
;received=192.0.2.1
Max-Forwards: 68
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Content-Length: 142
F6 180 Ringing Bobbiloxi.com proxy
SIP/2.0 180 Ringing
;received=192.0.2.3

;received=192.0.2.2
;received=192.0.2.1
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Content-Length: 0
F7 180 Ringing Biloxi .company
proxy
SIP/2.0 180 Ringing

;received=192.0.2.2
;received=192.0.2.1
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Content-Length: 0
F8 180 Ringing proxy Alice
SIP/2.0 180 Ringing
;received=192.0.2.1
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Content-Length: 0
F9 200 OK Bobbiloxi.com proxy
SIP/2.0 200 OK
;received=192.0.2.3

;received=192.0.2.2
;received=192.0.2.1
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Content-Length: 131
(Bob SDP not shown)
F10 200 OK biloxi.com proxy atlanta.com proxy
SIP/2.0 200 OK
;received=192.0.2.2
;received=192.0.2.1
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Content-Length: 131
F11 200 OK proxy Alice
SIP/2.0 200 OK
;received=192.0.2.1
CSeq: 314159 INVITE
Content-Length: 131
(BobSDP not shown)
F12 ACK Alice Bob
ACK sip:bob@192.0.2.4 SIP/2.0
Max-Forwards: 70
CSeq: 314159 ACK
Content-Length: 0
Alice Bob
Bob Bob SIP Cseq
231 Bob To URI From URI
F13 BYE BobAlice
BYE sip:alice@pc33.atlanta.com SIP/2.0
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.4;branch=z9hG4bKnashds10
Max-Forwards: 70
From: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.com>;tag=a6c85cf
To: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.com>;tag=1928301774
CSeq: 231 BYE
Content-Length: 0
F14 200 OK Alice Bob
SIP/2.0 200 OK
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 192.0.2.4;branch=z9hG4bKnashds10
From: Bob <sip:bob@biloxi.com>;tag=a6c85cf
To: Alice <sip:alice@atlanta.com>;tag=1928301774
CSeq: 231 BYE
Content-Length: 0
SIP [41] SIP
25
SIP BNF
BNF BNF RFC2234[9]

RFC2234 6
RFC2234 SPLWSHTABCRLFDIGIT
ALPHA
25.1
US-ASCII ANSI X3.4-1986
Alphanum
= ALPHA / DIGIT
RFC 2396 [5] RFC 2234 [9]
reserved
= ";" / "/" / "?" / ":" / "@" / "&" / "=" / "+"

/ "$" / ","
unreserved = alphanum / mark

mark
= "-" / "_" / "." / "" / "~ " / "*" / " "/ "(" / ")"
escaped = "%" HEXDIG HEXDIG

SIP
SP SP
RFC 2616[7] HTTP/1.1 SWS
LWS
= [*WSP CRLF] 1*WSP ; linear whitespace
SWS
= [LWS] ; sep whitespace
linebreakHCOLON
HCOLON
= *( SP / HTAB ) ":" SWS
TEXT-UTF8 *TEXT-UTF8
UTF-8 RFC 2279 [6]TEXT-UTF8-TRIM
LWS SIP HTTPHTTP ISO 8859-1
TEXT-UTF8-TRIM
= 1*TEXT-UTF8char *(*LWS TEXT-UTF8char)
TEXT-UTF8char
= %x21-7E / UTF8-NONASCII
UTF8-NONASCII
= %xC0-DF 1UTF8-CONT
/ %xE0-EF 2UTF8-CONT
/ %xF0-F7 3UTF8-CONT
/ %xF8-Fb 4UTF8-CONT
/ %xFC-FD 5UTF8-CONT
UTF8-CONT
= %x80-BF
TEXT-UTF8-TRIM CRLF TEXT-UTF8- TRIM

SP LWS
LHE
= DIGIT / %x61-66 ;
lowercase
a-f
SIP LWS token

Word Call-ID
Token
= 1*(alphanum / "-" / "." / "" / "%" / "*"

/ "_" / "+" / "" / "" / "" )
separators = "(" / ")" / "<" / ">" / "@" /

"," / ";" / ":" / "\\" / DQUOTE /
"/" / "[" / "]" / "?" / "=" /
"{" / "}" / SP / HTAB
word
= 1*(alphanum / "-" / "." / "" / "%" / "*" /

"_" / "+" / "? / "? / "? /
"(" / ")" / "<" / ">" /
":" / "\\" / DQUOTE /
"/" / "[" / "]" / "?" /
"{" / "}" )
these characters:
STAR
= SWS "*" SWS ; asterisk
SLASH
= SWS "/" SWS ; slash
EQUAL
= SWS "=" SWS ; equal
LPAREN = SWS "(" SWS ; left parenthesis

RPAREN = SWS ")" SWS ; right parenthesis
RAQUOT = ">" SWS ; right angle quote
LAQUOT = SWS "<"; left angle quote
COMMA
SEMI
COLON
= SWS "," SWS ; comma

= SWS ";" SWS ; semicolon
= SWS ":" SWS ; colon
LDQUOT = SWS DQUOTE; open double quotation mark

RDQUOT = DQUOTE SWS ; close double quotation mark
SIP Commnet
comment
user-unreserved
= "&" / "=" / "+" / "$" / "," / ";" / "?" / "/"
Comment
= LPAREN *(ctext / quoted-pair / comment) RPAREN
Ctext
= %x21-27 / %x2A-5B / %x5D-7E / UTF8-NONASCII

/ LWS
ctext
\
quoted-string
= SWS DQUOTE *(qdtext / quoted-pair ) DQUOTE
qdtext
= LWS / %x21 / %x23-5B / %x5D-7E

/ UTF8-NONASCII
\ HTTP/1.1
CR LF
quoted-pair
= "\\" (%x00-09 / %x0B-0C

/ %x0E-7F)
SIP-URI
= "sip:" [ userinfo ] hostport

uri-parameters [ headers ]
SIPS-URI
= "sip:" [ userinfo ] hostport

uri-parameters [ headers ]
userinfo
= ( user / telephone-subscriber ) [ ":" password ] "@"
user
= 1*( unreserved / escaped / user-unreserved )
user-unreserved
= "&" / "=" / "+" / "$" / "," / ";" / "?" / "/"
password
= *( unreserved / escaped /
"&" / "=" / "+" / "$" / "," )
hostport
= host [ ":" port ]
host
= hostname / IPv4address / IPv6reference
hostname
= *( domainlabel "." ) toplabel [ "." ]
domainlabe
= alphanum
/ alphanum *( alphanum / "-" ) alphanum
toplabel
= ALPHA / ALPHA *( alphanum / "-" ) alphanum
IPv4address
=1*3DIGIT "." 1*3DIGIT "." 1*3DIGIT "." 1*3DIGIT
IPv6reference
IPv6address
Hexpart
= "[" IPv6address "]"

= hexpart [ ":" IPv4address ]
= hexseq / hexseq "::" [ hexseq ] / "::" [ hexseq ]
Hexseq
= hex4 *( ":" hex4)
hex4
= 1*4HEXDIG
port
= 1*DIGIT
BNF RFC 2806 [8] BNF SIP URI
uri-parameter
= *( ";" uri-parameter)
uri-parameter
= transport-param / user-param / method-param

/ ttl-param / maddr-param / lr-param / other-param
transport-param = "transport="
( "udp" / "tcp" / "sctp" / "tls"
/ other-transport)
other-transport
user-param
= token
= "user=" ( "phone" / "ip" / other-user)
other-user
= token
method-param
= "method=" Method
ttl-param
= "ttl=" ttl
maddr-param
= "maddr=" host
lr-param
= "lr"
other-param
= pname [ "=" pvalue ]
pname
= 1*paramchar
pvalue
= 1*paramchar
paramchar
= param-unreserved / unreserved / escaped
param-unreserved
= "[" / "]" / "/" / ":" / "&" / "+" / "$"
headers
= "?" header *( "&" header )
header
= hname "=" hvalue
hname
= 1*( hnv-unreserved / unreserved / escaped )
hvalue
= *( hnv-unreserved / unreserved / escaped )
hnv-unreserved
= "[" / "]" / "/" / "?" / ":" / "+" / "$"
SIP-message
= Request / Response
Request
= Request-Line
*( message-header )
CRLF
[ message-body ]
Request-line
= Method SP Request-URI SP SIP-Version CRLF
Request-URI
= SIP-URI / SIPS-URI / absoluteURI
AbsoluteURI
= scheme ":" ( hier-part / opaque-part )
hier-part
= ( net-path / abs-path ) [ "?" query ]
net-path
= "//" authority [ abs-path ]
abs-path
= "/" path-segments
opaque-part
= uric-no-slash *uric
uric
= reserved / unreserved / escaped
uric-no-slash
= unreserved / escaped / ";" / "?" / ":" / "@"

/ "&" / "=" / "+" / "$" / ","
path-segments
segment
= segment *( "/" segment )
= *pchar *( ";" param )
param
= *pchar
pchar
= unreserved / escaped /
":" / "@" / "&" / "=" / "+" / "$" / ","

scheme
= ALPHA *( ALPHA / DIGIT / "+" / "-" / "." )
authority
= srvr / reg-name
srvr
= [ [ userinfo "@" ] hostport ]
reg-name
= 1*( unreserved / escaped / "$" / ","

/ ";" / ":" / "@" / "&" / "=" / "+" )
query
= *uric
SIP-Version
= "SIP" "/" 1*DIGIT "." 1*DIGIT
message-header
= (Accept
/ Accept-Encoding
/ Accept-Language
/ Alert-Info
/ Allow
/ Authentication-Info
/ Authorization
/ Call-ID
/ Call-Info
/ Contact
/ Content-Disposition
/ Content-Encoding
/ Content-Language
/ Content-Length
/ Content-Type
/ CSeq
/ Date
/ Error-Info
/ Expires
/ From
/ In-Reply-To
/ Max-Forwards
/ MIME-Version
/ Min-Expires
/ Organization
/ Priority
/ Proxy-Authenticate
/ Proxy-Authorization
/ Proxy-Require
/ Record-Route
/ Reply-To
/ Require
/ Retry-After
/ Route
/ Server
/ Subject
/ Supported
/ Timestamp
/ To
/ Unsupported
/ User-Agent
/ Via
/ Warning
/ WWW-Authenticate
/ extension-header) CRLF
INVITEm
= %x49.4E.56.49.54.45 ; INVITE in caps
ACKm
= %x41.43.4B ; ACK in caps
OPTIONSm
= %x4F.50.54.49.4F.4E.53 ; OPTIONS in caps
BYEm
= %x42.59.45 ; BYE in caps
CANCELm
= %x43.41.4E.43.45.4C ; CANCEL in caps
REGISTERm
= %x52.45.47.49.53.54.45.52 ; REGISTER in caps
Method
= INVITEm / ACKm / OPTIONSm / BYEm

/ CANCELm / REGISTERm
/ extension-method
extension-method
Response
= token
=Status-Line
*( message-header )
CRLF
[ message-body ]
Status-Line
= SIP-Version SP Status-Code SP Reason-Phrase CRLF
Status-Code
= Informational
/
Redirection
Success
Client-Error
Server-Error
Global-Failure
extension-code
extension-code
= 3DIGIT
Reason-Phrase
= *(reserved / unreserved / escaped

/UTF8-NONASCII/UTF8-CONT/SP/HTAB)
Informational
= "100" ; Trying
/ "180" ; Ringing
/ "181" ; Call Is Being Forwarded
/ "182" ; Queued
/ "183" ; Session Progress
Success
Redirection
= "200" ; OK
="300" ; Multiple Choices

/ "301" ; Moved Permanently
/ "302" ; Moved Temporarily
/ "305" ; Use Proxy
/ "380" ; Alternative Service
Client-Error
= "400" ; Bad Request

/ "401" ; Unauthorized
/
"402" ; Payment Required
"403" ; Forbidden
"404" ; Not Found
"405" ; Method Not Allowed
"406" ; Not Acceptable
"407" ; Proxy Authentication Required
"408" ; Request Timeout
"410" ; Gone
"413" ; Request Entity Too Large
"414" ; Request-URI Too Large
"415" ; Unsupported Media Type
"416" ; Unsupported URI Scheme
"420" ; Bad Extension
"421" ; Extension Required
"423" ; Interval Too Brief
"480" ; Temporarily not available
"481" ; Call Leg/Transaction Does Not
"482" ; Loop Detected
"483" ; Too Many Hops
"484" ; Address Incomplete
"485" ; Ambiguous
"486" ; Busy Here
"487" ; Request Terminated
"488" ; Not Acceptable Here
"491" ; Request Pending
"493" ; Undecipherable
Exist
Server-Error
= "500" ; Internal Server Error

/ "501" ; Not Implemented
/ "502" ; Bad Gateway
/ "503" ; Service Unavailable
/ "504" ; Server Time-out
/ "505" ; SIP Version not supported
/ "513" ; Message Too Large
Global-Failure
= "600" ; Busy Everywhere

/ "603" ; Decline
/ "604" ; Does not exist anywhere
/"606" ; Not Acceptable
Accept
= "Accept" HCOLON
[ accept-range *(COMMA accept-range) ]
accept-range
media-range
= media-range *(SEMI accept-param)

= ( "*/*"
/ ( m-type SLASH "*" )
/ ( m-type SLASH m-subtype )
) *( SEMI m-parameter )
accept-param
= ("q" EQUAL qvalue) / generic-param
qvalue
= ( "0" [ "." 0*3DIGIT ] )

/ ( "1" [ "." 0*3("0") ] )
generic-param
= token [ EQUAL gen-value ]
gen-value
= token / host / quoted-string
Accept-Encoding = "Accept-Encoding" HCOLON

Encoding
Codings
= codings *(SEMI accept-param)

= content-coding / "*"
content-coding
Accept-Language
= token
= "Accept-Language" HCOLON
[ language *(COMMA language) ]
language
= language-range *(SEMI accept-param)
language-range
= ( ( 1*8ALPHA *( "-" 1*8ALPHA ) ) / "*" )
Alert-Info
= "Alert-Info" HCOLON alert-param *(COMMA alert-param)
alert-param
= LAQUOT absoluteURI RAQUOT *( SEMI generic-param )
Allow
= "Allow" HCOLON [Method *(COMMA Method)]
Authorization
Credentials
= "Authorization" HCOLON credentials

= ("Digest" LWS digest-response)
/ other-response
digest-response = dig-resp *(COMMA dig-resp)

dig-resp
= username / realm / nonce / digest-uri

/ dresponse / algorithm / cnonce
/ opaque / message-qop
/ nonce-count / auth-param
username
= "username" EQUAL username-value
username-value
= quoted-string
digest-uri
= "uri" EQUAL LDQUOT digest-uri-value RDQUOT
digest-uri-value
= rquest-uri ; Equal to request-uri as specified

by HTTP/1.1
message-qop
= "qop" EQUAL qop-value
cnonce
= "cnonce" EQUAL cnonce-value
cnonce-value
= nonce-value
nonce-count
="nc" EQUAL nc-value
nc-value
= 8LHEX
dresponse
="response" EQUAL request-digest
request-digest
auth-param
= LDQUOT 32LHEX RDQUOT

= auth-param-name EQUAL
( token / quoted-string )
auth-param-name = token
other-response
= auth-scheme LWS auth-param

*(COMMA auth-param)
auth-scheme
= token
Authentication-Info = "Authentication-Info" HCOLON ainfo

*(COMMA ainfo)
ainfo
= nextnonce / message-qop
/ response-auth / cnonce
/ nonce-count
nextnonce
response-auth
= "nextnonce" EQUAL nonce-value

= "rspauth" EQUAL response-digest
response-digest = LDQUOT *LHEX RDQUOT

Call-ID
= ( "Call-ID" / "i" ) HCOLON callid
Called
= word [ "@" word ]
Call-Info
= ( "Call-ID" / "i" ) HCOLON callid
Info
= LAQUOT absoluteURI RAQUOT *( SEMI info-param)
info-param
= ( "purpose" EQUAL ( "icon" / "info"

/ "card" / token ) ) / generic-param
Contact
= ("Contact" / "m" ) HCOLON

( STAR / (contact-param *(COMMA contact-param)))
contact-param
= (name-addr / addr-spec) *(SEMI contact-params)
name-addr
= [ display-name ] LAQUOT addr-spec RAQUOT
addr-spec
= SIP-URI / SIPS-URI / absoluteURI
display-name
contact-params
= *(token LWS)/ quoted-string
= c-p-q / c-p-expires
/ contact-extension
c-p-q
= "q" EQUAL qvalue
c-p-expires
= "expires" EQUAL delta-seconds
contact-extension
= generic-param
delta-seconds
= 1*DIGIT
Content-Disposition = "Content-Disposition" HCOLON

disp-type *( SEMI disp-param )
disp-type
= "render" / "session" / "icon" / "alert"

/ disp-extension-token
disp-param
= handling-param / generic-param
handling-param
= "handling" EQUAL
( "optional" / "required"
/ other-handling )
other-handling
= token
disp-extension-token= token
content-Encoding
= ( "Content-Encoding" / "e" ) HCOLON

content-coding *(COMMA content-coding)
content-Language
= "Content-Language" HCOLON
language-tag *(COMMA language-tag)
language-tag
= primary-tag *( "-" subtag )
primary-tag
= 1*8ALPHA
subtag
= 1*8ALPHA
Content-Length
= ( "Content-Length" / "l" ) HCOLON 1*DIGIT
Content-Type
= ( "Content-Type" / "c" ) HCOLON media-type
media-type
= m-type SLASH m-subtype *(SEMI m-parameter)
m-type
= discrete-type / composite-type
discrete-type
= "text" / "image" / "audio" / "video"

/ "application" / extension-token
composite-type
= "message" / "multipart" / extension-token
extension-token = ietf-token / x-token

ietf-token
= token
x-token
= "x-" token
m-subtype
= extension-token / iana-token
iana-token
= token
m-parameter
= m-attribute EQUAL m-value
m-attribute
= token
m-value
= token / quoted-string
Cseq
= "CSeq" HCOLON 1*DIGIT LWS Method
Date
= "Date" HCOLON SIP-date
SIP-date
= rfc1123-date
rfc1123-date
date1
= wkday "," SP date1 SP time SP "GMT"

= 2DIGIT SP month SP 4DIGIT
; day month year (e.g., 02 Jun 1982)
time
= 2DIGIT ":" 2DIGIT ":" 2DIGIT

; 00:00:00 - 23:59:59
wkday
= "Mon" / "Tue" / "Wed"

/ "Thu" / "Fri" / "Sat" / "Sun"
month
= "Jan" / "Feb" / "Mar" / "Apr"

/ "May" / "Jun" / "Jul" / "Aug"
/ "Sep" / "Oct" / "Nov" / "Dec"
Error-Info
= "Error-Info" HCOLON error-uri *(COMMA error-uri)
error-uri
= LAQUOT absoluteURI RAQUOT *( SEMI generic-param )
Expires
= "Expires" HCOLON delta-seconds
From
= ( "From" / "f" ) HCOLON from-spec
from-spec
= ( name-addr / addr-spec )
*( SEMI from-param )
from-param
= tag-param / generic-param
tag-param
= "tag" EQUAL token
In-Reply-To
= "In-Reply-To" HCOLON callid *(COMMA callid)
Max-Forwards
= "Max-Forwards" HCOLON 1*DIGIT
MIME-Version
= "MIME-Version" HCOLON 1*DIGIT "." 1*DIGIT
Min-Expires
= "Min-Expires" HCOLON delta-seconds
Organization
= "Organization" HCOLON [TEXT-UTF8-TRIM]
Priority
= "Priority" HCOLON priority-value
priority-value
= "emergency" / "urgent" / "normal"

/ "non-urgent" / other-priority
other-priority
= token
Proxy-Authenticate
= "Proxy-Authenticate" HCOLON challenge
Challenge
= ("Digest" LWS digest-cln *(COMMA digest-cln))

/other-challenge
other-challenge = auth-scheme LWS auth-param

*(COMMA auth-param)
digest-cln
= realm / domain / nonce

/ opaque / stale / algorithm
/ qop-options / auth-param
realm
= "realm" EQUAL realm-value
realm-value
= quoted-string
domain
= "domain" EQUAL LDQUOT URI

*( 1*SP URI ) RDQUOT
URI
= absoluteURI / abs-path
Nonce
= "nonce" EQUAL nonce-value
nonce-value
= quoted-string
opaque
= "opaque" EQUAL quoted-string
stale
= "stale" EQUAL ( "true" / "false" )
algorithm
= "algorithm" EQUAL ( "MD5" / "MD5-sess"

/ token )
qop-options
= "qop" EQUAL LDQUOT qop-value

*("," qop-value) RDQUOT
qop-value
= "auth" / "auth-int" / token
proxy-Authorization = "Proxy-Authorization" HCOLON credentials
proxy-Require
= "Proxy-Require" HCOLON option-tag

*(COMMA option-tag)
option-tag
= token
record-Route
= "Record-Route" HCOLON rec-route *(COMMA rec-route)
rec-route
= name-addr *( SEMI rr-param )
rr-param
= generic-param
Reply-To
= "Reply-To" HCOLON rplyto-spec
rplyto-spec
= ( name-addr / addr-spec )
*( SEMI rplyto-param )
rplyto-param
Require
Retry-After
= generic-param
= "Require" HCOLON option-tag *(COMMA option-tag)
= "Retry-After" HCOLON delta-seconds

[ comment ] *( SEMI retry-param )
retry-param
= ("duration" EQUAL delta-seconds)

/ generic-param
Route
= "Route" HCOLON route-param *(COMMA route-param)
route-param
= name-addr *( SEMI rr-param )
Server
= "Server" HCOLON server-val *(LWS server-val)
server-val
= product / comment
product
= token [SLASH product-version]
product-version = token
Subject
= ( "Subject" / "s" ) HCOLON [TEXT-UTF8-TRIM]
Supported
= ( "Supported" / "k" ) HCOLON

[option-tag *(COMMA option-tag)]
Timestamp
= "Timestamp" HCOLON 1*(DIGIT)

[ "." *(DIGIT) ] [ LWS delay ]
delay
To
= *(DIGIT) [ "." *(DIGIT) ]
= ( "To" / "t" ) HCOLON ( name-addr

/ addr-spec ) *( SEMI to-param )
to-param
= tag-param / generic-param
Unsupported
= "Unsupported" HCOLON option-tag *(COMMA option-tag)
User-Agent
= "User-Agent" HCOLON server-val *(LWS server-val)
Via
= ( "Via" / "v" ) HCOLON via-parm *(COMMA via-parm)
via-parm
= sent-protocol LWS sent-by *( SEMI via-params )
via-params
= via-ttl / via-maddr
/ via-received / via-branch
/ via-extension
via-ttl
= "ttl" EQUAL ttl
via-maddr
= "maddr" EQUAL host
via-received
= "received" EQUAL (IPv4address / IPv6address)
via-branch
= "branch" EQUAL token
via-extension
= generic-param
sent-protocol
= protocol-name SLASH protocol-version

SLASH transport
protocol-name
protocol-version
transport
= "SIP" / token
= token
= "UDP" / "TCP" / "TLS" / "SCTP"
/ other-transport
sent-by
= host [ COLON port ]
ttl
= 1*3DIGIT ; 0 to 255
Warning
= "Warning" HCOLON warning-value *(COMMA warning-value)
warning-value
= warn-code SP warn-agent SP warn-text
warn-code
= 3DIGIT
warn-agent
= hostport / pseudonym
; the name or pseudonym of the server adding
; the Warning header, for use in debugging
warn-text
=quoted-string
pseudonym
= token
WWW-Authenticate
= "WWW-Authenticate" HCOLON challenge
extension-header
= header-name HCOLON header-value
header-name
header-value
= token
= *(TEXT-UTF8char / UTF8-CONT / LWS)
message-body
26
= *OCTET
SIP
SIP
SIP SIP RTP
SIP MIME SIP
SIP
SIP
SIP
SIP
26.1
SIP SIP
SIP
SIP
26.1.1
SIP
REGISTER From
To
UA SIP
contact URI
SIP SIP UAS

UA SIP
SIP
26.1.2
Request-URI UA
UA
chicago.com biloxi.com
biloxi.com chicago.com
biloxi.com SIP
UA biloxi.com
chicago.com biloxi.com chicago.com 301

biloxi.com
chicago.com UA REGISTER chicago.com
UA
26.1.3
SIP UA
UA
UA SIP UA
UA
SIP
MIME SDP
SDP RTP
SIP SubjectUA
UA SIP
26.1.4
/
To From
BYE
BYE
re-INVITE
SIP
MIME SDP
SDP RTP
SIP SubjectUA
UA SIP
26.1.5
/
To From
BYE
BYE
re-INVITE
REGISTER
contact
SIP
26.2
SIP
SIP
SIP SIP HTTP SMTP
SIP
Request-URIRoute Via SIP
Via
SIP UA SIP
SIP

SIP SIP UA
SIP
SIP
26.2.1
TLS[24] IPSec[25]
IPSec IPInternet IPSec
IPSec
IPSec
IPSec SIP IPSec
SIP UA
IPSecSIP IPSec IPSec
SIP
TLS TCPtls
via SIP-URI
tls TCP TLS
Alice Alice Bob

Bob Alice
TLS SIP SIP TLS
UA TLS
SIP TLS TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
[26]
TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA
26.2.2 SIPS URI
sipssipSIPS URI SIP URI
19 SIPS SIP URI SIPS
SIPS URI URI
From REGISTER To
Request-URI SIPS
Request-URI SIP
TLS
UAS TLS SIPS URI
SIPS URI SIPS
SIPS Request-URI SIP
SIP URIContact REGISTER Route
SIPS URI SIPS

URI [4]
SIPS TLS
TLS-RSA-WITH-AES-128-CBC-SHA
SIPS URI TLS

sips:alice@atlanta.com;transport=tcp sips:alice@atlanta.com;transport=sctp
UDP SIPS transport=tls

RFC2543
SIPS URI
26.2.3 HTTP
HTTP SIP HTTP 401 407
SIP HTTP
22 SIP
26.2.4 S/MIME
SIP
SIP
S/MIME SIP UA SIP MIME
S/MME
S/MME SIP SIP
23 SIP S/MIME
26.3
26.3.1 SIP
TLS
UA TLSUA TLS
UA
TLS TLS SIP
TLS
TLS SIP SIPS URI

UA IPSec
UA UAC TLS
SIP UAS TLS

UA 22
realm
UA MIME 23 S/MIME
UA TLS IPSec
S/MIME UA S/MIME
S/MIME
S/MIME
26.3.2
web email
UA
TLS UA
UA
S/MIME
UA
26.1
Registration UA TLS
10 UA
UA
UA UA
alice@atlanta.com sip.atlanta.com
TLS UA
UA REGISTER
UA UA
UA REGISTER
Request-URI UA TLS REGISTER
401() Proxy-Authenticate realm
UAC
realm REGISTER To
URI USERINFO Proxy-Authenticate
REGISTER
REGISTER REGISTER TLS

REGISTER
UA
TLS UA
TLS
UA TLS
Interdomain Requests Alice UA

bob@biloxi.com atlanta.com
TLS
INVITE TLSUA
INVITE
UA INVITE Request-URI
[4] Request-URI domainname (Atlanta.com)
biloxi.com
alice@atlanta.com alex@atlanta.com
Alex TLS Alex
Alice
Request-URI
biloxi.xom TLS
SIP
biloxi.xom
TLS biloxi.com INVITE
biloxi.com
INVITE From domainname Biloxi
SMTP SIP
bioxi.com
Alice bioxi.com Alice
bioxi.com bioxi.com
bioxi INVITE
bob@biloxi.com TLS biloxi
TLS Alice Bob From
atlanta.com Alice
Record-Route
Record-Route
Alice Bob
S/MIME
Alice Bob
BYE Bob Alice
Bob Alice
Pear-to-Pear Requests UA carol@chicago.com

Carol INVITE bob@biooxi.com UA biloxi
TLS [4] Request-URI
Carol
UA biloxi TLS INVITE
Carol biloxi INVITE message/sip
CMS biloxi.com
Carol biloxi.com Biloxi From
domainname biloxi.com
Biloxi Bob Bob@biloxi.com

<sip:bob@192.0.2.4>Carol biloxi
TLS
Carol TCP Request-URI INVITE
Bob
INVITE UA From
INVITE Carol
NAT TCP UA
UA
TLS TCP
Dos Protection
SIP
ping TLS IPSec
SIP
SIP
UA 401 407
401 407
Via
TLS
SIP
26.4
26.4.1 HTTP
SIP HTTP SIP
Request-URI UA
RFC2617 SIP
HTTP
TLS
UA
26.4.2 S/MIME
S/MIME
23.2 SIP
S/MIME
CMS
CMS
UA
SSH SSH
SIP SSH
SIP
Clipper
UA S/MIME UA
UA S/MIME
UA
S/MIME 23.4 SIP

S/MIME TCP
26.4.3 TLS
TLS UDP TLS
TCP
/ UA TLS
TLS
UA
TLS SIP TLS TLS
TCP
26.4.4 SIPS URI

TLS TLS UAS
SIPS URI SIPS TLS
UAS SIPS
TLS UA TLS TLS UA
TLS TLS UAS TLS
SIPS Request-URI SIPS
10.2.1
AOR
SIPS URI SIP URI
SIPS Request-URI
Contact
TLS
SIPS 16.6
SIPS URI SIP URI
SIP SIPS URI Request-URI
SIPS URI Request-URI SIPS
Request-URI SIP SIPS URI To

SIPS URI URI To URI
Request-URI To SIPS
Via
TLS UAC S/MIME To
UAS Request-URI UA
SIPS
SIPS SIP URI

Stimuli
SIPS DNS
SIPS SIPS AOR
SIPS SIP
UA SIPS
SIP URI SIPS
26.5
SIP
SIP
From
To
Request-URI
To
Request-URI To
27
IANA
SIP IANA
RFC LANA
IANA
http://www.iana.org/assignments/sipparameters
27.1

http://www.iana.org/assignments/sip-parameters
RequireSupportedProxy-Require Unsupport
SIP ( 19.2 ) SIP
() SIP
RFC IANA RFC IANA
RFC IANA
z
z
20
25
27.2

http://www.iana.org/assignments/sip-parameters 20.43
RFC

(SDP)(RFC23271) SIP
3 SIP
3XX 3XX
300 329 330 339
370 379
QOS 390 399
27.3
IANA http://www.iana.org/assignments/sipparameters
RFC
z
RFC
( 7.3.3 ) SIP
RFC
27.4

http://www.iana.org/assignments/sip-parameters
INVITE
[RFC3261]
ACK
[RFC3261]
BYE
[RFC3261]
CANCEL
[RFC3261]
REGISTER
OPTIONS
[RFC3261]
[RFC3261]
INFO
[RFC2976]
21 Informational
(, Informational)
Number
Default Reason Phrase
[RFC3261]
RFC
z
RFC RFC
27.5 message/sipMIME
SIP SIP message/sipMIME
Media type name: message

Media subtype name: sip
Required parameters: none
SIP (2.0)2.0
SIP 8 MIME
SIP SIP
23.4 S/MIME
27.6 Content-Disposition
4 Content-Dispositio disposition-type
Content-Disposition IANA
Content-Disposition 20.11 IAMA
alert
icon
render
session
28
RFC2327 SDP
RFC 2543
RFC 3261 RFC 2543 RFC 2543

RFC 2543 RFC 2543
RFC 3261 RFC 2543 RFC 2543

RFC 2543
28.1
z
UAC CANCEL
INVITE 2xxUAC BYE
BYE RFC3261
RFC 2543
z
SIP BNF RFC 2234
SIP URL BNF
URI URI
Via
Via
RFC 2543 CANCEL INVITE RFC 3261

INVITE CANCEL INVITE
UAS 487 INVITE
RFC 2543 CANCEL BYE RFC 2543 UAS

BYE INVITE RFC 3261
INVITE
RFC 2543 UA UDP RFC 3261 UA UDP TCP
RFC 2543
RFC 3261
URI RFC 2617 RFC 2069
SDP [12]
/ sip SIP
INVITE/200 200/ACK SDPRFC 2543 INVITE200
ACK SDP
SDP
URI Via IPv6 Via Ipv6 Via
ASCII
DNS SRV [4] SRV NAPTR

RFC 2543 SRV
Max-Forwards RFC 2543

bug bug
RFC 3261
RFC 3261 ( RFC 2543 )

RFC 3261
Supported
Require
BNF
Route Record-Route RFC 2543
RFC 3261 ()
Record-Route Route
RFC 2543 CRLF CRLF CRLF
CANCEL ACK Route RFC 2543 RFC 3261

Route 2xx CANCEL
ACK Route 2xx ACK Route
2xx Record-Route
RFC 2543 UDP RFC 3261
Expires
RFC 3261
Via RFC 3261

RFC 2543
Magic cookies

RFC 2543 TCP CANCEL TCP

RFC 3261
TCP SIP
RFC2543 UA UA
RFC3261 INVITE
INVITE
RFC3261 PGP PGP MIME

RFC3261 PGP S/MIME
RFC3261 TLS sipsURI RFC2543

SIPS URI
RFC3261 TLS
RFC2543 101199 RFC3261

101 199
RFC2543 503
503 DNS SRV

503
RFC2543 UA RFC3261
RFC2617
UA INVITE ACK BYE RFC2543
UA CANCEL RFC2543
RFC3261
RFC2543
RFC3261
RFC3261
RFC3261 6xx
UAC 2xx
6xx6xx
RFC2543
UA
28.2
z
Alert-InfError-Info Call-Info
Content-LanguageContent-Disposition MIME-Version
re-INVITE
491
IN-Reply-To Reply-To
TLS SCTP SIP
RFC2543 RFC3261
BYE
RFC2543 TCP INVITE

2xx INVITE RFC3261
RFC2543 TCP
INVITE 2xx
TCP UDP
REGISTER Date
423
Min-Expires

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Session Initiation Protocol

IETF RFC 3261

SIP SIP IETF

SIP SIP SIP

SIP IPv4 IPv6

MUSTMUST NOTREQUIREDSHALLSHALL NOTSHOULDSHOULD NOT

1 Alice Bob SIP

F Alice PC SIP Internet

Via pc33.atlanta.comAlice Via

To Bob SIP SIPS URIsip:bob@biloxi.com

Contact SIP SIPS URI Alice

SIP SDP email

biloxi.com INVITE Via

Bob SIP INVITE Bob Alice Bob

Alice 180Ringing Alice

ACKACK INVITE INVITE

SIP biloxi.com Bob

SIP BNF BNF 25

Address-of-RecordAddress-of-RecordAOR SIP SIPS URI

Client SIP SIP

Dialog UA SIP SIP INVITE

Final Response SIP SIP 2xx

Header Field Value

Message SIP SIP

Provisional Response SIP

Recursion Contact URI

Regular Transaction INVITEACK CANCEL

Route Set SIP SIPS URI

Strict Routing RFC2543

Target Refresh Request

Transaction User (TU) UAC UAS

URL-encoded RFC 2396 2.4[5]

UAC Core UAC

UAS Core UAS

SIP HTTP SIP [H4.2]

WWW-Authenticate AuthorizationProxy-Authenticate Proxy-Authorization

Route: <sip:alice@atlanta.com>, <sip:bob@biloxi.com>

field-name: field-value *(;parameter-name=parameter-value)

Warning: 370 devnull "Choose a bigger pipe"

HTTP SIP UDP

UAC UAS UAS

CSeq: 4711 INVITE

16.6 8 16.7 3 Via

UAC UAS UAC

Supported Require Proxy-Require

Vias Via UAC

Processing 3xx Responses 301

3xx UAC URI

Call-IDTo From Cseq

To and Request-URI To From

Request-URI UAS Request-URI UAS

ACK 2xx Require Proxy-Require

UAS Accept-Encoding UAS

Sending a Provisional Response UAS

Headers and Tags From From Call-ID

UAS UAS UAS

Contact SIP PSTN

Contact URI SIPS

Contact expires URI

CANCEL CANCEL Request-URICall-IDToCseq

REGISTER REGISTER 8.1

Call-ID: UAC Call-ID

CSeq:CSeq REGISTER Call-ID