FUNCTIONAL APPROACH TO WRITING (SOEHARTO VERSUS SBY: A Discussion Text) submitted to Dr. Anni Pulungan, M.Hum.

by: CITRA HASAN Reg. Number 809 112 024 LTBI-B rd 3 Semester

APPLIED ENGLISH LINGUISTICS POSTGRADUATE STUDIES

STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN 2011

SOEHARTO VERSUS SBY There are two presidents of Indonesia who are well known whether they are notorius or not. They are Soeharto and SBY. Here are some discussions about the difference between Soeharto and SBY. Soeharto was appointed because of some incidents. They were the Rebelion of Communist Party and mistery of Letter of 11th March. He was not appointed because he was elected directly by the people, but because of the emergency at that time. On the other hand, SBY was directly elected by the people through the most democratic election for the first time in Indonesia in 2004. It was also the first election in choosing a President directly in Indonesia. Soeharto was officiated six periods. He was elected by the House of Representative which has been organized deliberately in order to make him to be the President of Indonesia as long as he could. However, SBY can be officiated only two periods. It means that he only can be a President two times. It is based on the Constitutional of Republic of Indonesia. Soeharto's leadership style is Authoritarian. He could not listen to the people's criticisms, he only could accept people's compliments and praises. Even some people who had different opinions with him and would express their opinions by demonstrating or writing them in newspaper was commonly dissapear or caught into the jail. But, SBY's leadership style is Democratic. As the name of his Party, Democratic Party, he opens to the people's opinions and criticisms. He also let people to send letters to him in order to know theiropinions, suggestions, or even just outpourings. In Soeharto's era, there were many parties, but then he reduced them into three (PPP, Golkar and PDI) with such imposition of single principle of Pancasila. It made people's voices become limited.

However, in SBY's era, there are many parties. They are from different backgrounds which represent all kinds of people's voices. There are background of religion, ideology, even occupation. Politic's stability in Soeharto's era was good. He could manage people to calm down and shut their mouths so that there was no demonstration on the street or debate againts him in television or newspaper. While, politic's stability in SBY's era is not good. He is well known as a unstable and slow person. He can not manage people's emotions or negative opinions. When there are so many rebellions, terrorisms, and other caos, he can only manage a meeting with his ministers first all day. Soeharto could hide his feeling to the people. He always smiled when some journalists were interviewing him even with some tricky questions. He was charismatic so that people were reluctant by him. But, SBY can not hide his feeling to the people. He often express his feelings to the reporters or journalists. He is mushy and childish. By expressing his feelings, people become panic and confused because of him. Soeharto always used Indonesian language in every international events. He proudly spoke Indonesian and used interpreters to translate his speech. Even though he did not use English, but other leaders form other country were reluctant by him because of his knowledge and acts. On the other hand, SBY always speak English in every international events. He studied in United States of America few years ago when he was still an army. He can speak English well and does not need interpreter to help him. In conclusion, different Presidents have different leadership styles. order to face the future. These different stlyes are hoped to be precious and memorable lessons for Indonesian people in

A.

ANALYZING THE DISCUSSION TEXT 1. Social Function: To present (at least two points of view about an issue) 2. Generic Structures: Issue There are two presidents of Indonesia who are well known

whether they are notorius or not. They are Soeharto and SBY. Here are some discussions about the difference between Soeharto and SBY. Argument for: 1. Point 2. Elaboration Soeharto was appointed because of some incidents. They were the Rebelion of Communist Party and mistery of Letter of 11th March. He was not appointed because he was elected directly by the people, but because of the emergency at that time. Argument against: 1. Point 2. Elaboration On the other hand, SBY was directly elected by the people through the most democratic election for the first President directly in Indonesia. Argument for: 1. Point 2. Elaboration Soeharto was officiated six periods. He was elected by the House of Representative which has been organized deliberately in order to make him to be the President of Indonesia as long as he could. time in Indonesia in 2004. It was also the first election in choosing a

Argument against: 1. Point 2. Elaboration However, SBY can be officiated only two periods. It means that he only can be a President two times. It is based on the Constitutional of Republic of Indonesia. Argument for: 1. Point 2. Elaboration Soeharto's leadership style is Authoritarian. He could not listen to the people's criticisms, he only could accept people's compliments and praises. Even some people who had different opinions with him and would express their opinions by demonstrating or writing them in newspaper was commonly dissapear or caught into the jail.

Argument against: 1. Point 2. Elaboration But, SBY's leadership style is Democratic. As the name of his Party, Democratic Party, he opens to the people's opinions and criticisms. He also let people to send letters to him in order to know theiropinions, suggestions, or even just outpourings. Argument for: 1. Point 2. Elaboration In Soeharto's era, there were many parties, but then he reduced them into three (PPP, Golkar and PDI) with such imposition of single principle of Pancasila. It made people's voices become limited.

Argument against: 1. Point 2. Elaboration However, in SBY's era, there are many parties. They are from different backgrounds which represent all kinds of people's voices. There are background of religion, ideology, even occupation. Argument for: 1. Point 2. Elaboration Politic's stability in Soeharto's era was good. He could manage people to calm down and shut their mouths so that there was no demonstration on the street or debate againts him in television or newspaper. Argument against: 1. Point 2. Elaboration While, politic's stability in SBY's era is not good. He is well known as a unstable and slow person. He can not manage people's emotions or negative opinions. When there are so many rebellions, terrorisms, and other caos, he can only manage a meeting with his ministers first all day. Argument for: 1. Point 2. Elaboration Soeharto could hide his feeling to the people. He always smiled when some journalists were interviewing him even with some tricky questions. He was charismatic so that people were reluctant by him. Argument against: 1. Point 2. Elaboration

But, SBY can not hide his feeling to the people. He often express his feelings to the reporters or journalists. He is mushy and childish. By expressing his feelings, people become panic and confused because of him. Argument for: 1. Point 2. Elaboration Soeharto always used Indonesian language in every international events. He proudly spoke Indonesian and used interpreters to translate his speech. Even though he did not use English, but other leaders form other country were reluctant by him because of his knowledge and acts. Argument against: 1. Point 2. Elaboration On the other hand, SBY always speaks English in every international events. He studied in United States of America few years ago when he was still an army. He can speak English well and does not need interpreter to help him. In conclusion, Conclusion / Recommendation different Presidents have different

leadership styles. These different stlyes are hoped to be precious and memorable lessons for Indonesian people in order to face the future. 3. Significant Lexicogrammatical Features (Gerrot, 1994) a. b. Focus on generic participants Soeharto, SBY Use of Material Processes e.g. was appointed, was officiated, reduced, used, speaks, Relational Processes e.g. was, is, were, have, had

 Mental Process e.g. feel. c. Use of Comparative: Contrastive and Consequential Conjunctions e.g. on the other hand, however, but, while.

REFERENCE Gerot, L., Wignell, P.1994.Making Sense of Functional Grammar.Queensland.Antipodean Educational Enterprises.