0 Conditional:

If + Present simple + Present tense - If you want to buy a train ticket to Madrid, it costs 58 euros. - If you heat water to 100C, it boils. - If I have a headache, I always take an aspirin.

Refers to something which is always true or which always happens.

1st Conditional:
If + Present tense + (simple or continuous) Future tense / or imperative - If I miss the bus, Ill take a taxi. (Si pierdo el autobs,
coger un taxi).

- If I dont travel this summer, Ill regret it. - If he isnt feeling better, he wont sing. - If you rest for a couple of days, youll feel better. - If Im not working tomorrow, Ill go with you.

Se usa para indicar que algo se cumplir con seguridad (future tense) si la condicin tambin se cumple (present tense).

2nd Conditional:
- If I had more time, Id study German. (Si tuviese ms tiempo, estudiara alemn). - If you travelled, you would meet many people. would + - If she were older, she would get the job. (TO BE), (Si fuese ms mayor,
infinitive conseguira el trabajo).

If + Past tense +
(past simple or past continuous)

- If I were you, I would talk to thim about his problem. (PARA DAR
CONSEJOS: Si yo fuera t, hablara con l de este problema).

- If you rested for a couple of days, youd feel better. - If I were not working tomorrow, Id go with you. Se usa para expresar condiciones hipotticas referidas al presente, es decir, que podran tener lugar pero es poco probable que lleguen a trmino (If I won the lottery ); o bien para expresar situaciones imaginarias (If I were you ).

3rd Conditional:
If + Past Perfect + would + have + past participle - If he had explained it to us, it wouldnt have been so complicated. (Si nos lo hubiera explicado, no habra sido tan complicado). - If Id been more careful, I would have refused to take the bag. - If you had rested for a couple of days, youd have felt better. - If I had not worked yesterday, Id have gone with you.

La hiptesis es imposible dado que se refiere al pasado y, por lo tanto, ya no puede realizarse. 1

Unless + positive verb can be used instead of if not.

Shell probably come unless shes studying. (If shes not studying, shell probably come.)

FUTURE TIME CLAUSES (Oraciones temporales):

Use a present simple tense (not a future tense) after when, as soon as, until/till, unless, in case to talk about the future.

When As soon as Until / till Unless In case Before After By the time The moment that

Present Simple / Future tense Present Perfect Simple

- Well check the exercise when everybody finishes. - Dont stop taking the pills until youve finished the packet. - Take a coat in case it gets cold later. - After I have finished this novel Ill lend it to you. - As soon as Ive finished my homework, Ill call you.

If vs. future time clauses:

If my boss phones, tell her Im ill.
(Theres a possibility that she phones)

When my boss phones, tell her Im ill.

(You are sure that she is going to phone)

Ill see a doctor if its serious.

(Youll go only if the problem is serious)

Ill see a doctor in case its serious.

(You think it might be serious and you want to see a doctor as a precaution)

1st Conditional:
Present tense If + Present simple + Future tense - If you want to buy a ticket, it costs 100 euros. - If I miss the bus, Ill take a taxi. (Si pierdo el autobs,
coger un taxi).

- If I dont travel this summer, Ill regret it.

Se usa para indicar que algo se cumplir con seguridad si la condicin tambin se cumple.

Variante del 1st Conditional: If + Present Simple + might Imperative - If you take a strangers bag, it might be dangerous. - If you want to succeed, study hard. - We dont play tennis unless the weather is good.
(No jugaremos al tenis si no hace buen tiempo).

Present tense Unless + Present Simple + Modal verb Future tense Imperative

Unless: Cuando la condicin es negative (si no, a menos que, a no ser que).

2nd Conditional:
- If I had more time, Id study German. (Si tuviese ms tiempo, estudiara alemn). - If you travelled, you would meet many people. - If she were older, she would get the job. (TO BE), (Si fuese ms mayor,
conseguira el trabajo).

If + Past Simple +

would

- If I were you, I would talk to thim about his problem. (PARA DAR
CONSEJOS: Si yo fuera t, hablara con l de este problema).

Se usa para expresar condiciones hipotticas referidas al presente, es decir, que podran tener lugar pero es poco probable que lleguen a trmino.

Variante del 2nd Conditional: - If I were older, I could drive. - If I were stronger, I might dare him. - If you studied, you could/ might get good results. (Si estudiaras, podras conseguir/
tal vez conseguiras buenos resultados).

If +

Past Simple +

could/ might + base form

La probabilidad de que la hiptesis se cumpla es todava menor que si se usa would (= tal vez, quizs). 3

3rd Conditional:
If + Past Perfect + would + have + past participle - If he had explained it to us, it wouldnt have been so complicated. (Si nos lo hubiera explicado, no habra sido tan complicado). - If Id been more careful, I would have refused to take the bag.

La hiptesis es imposible dado que se refiere al pasado y, por lo tanto, ya no puede realizarse.

Variante del 3rd Condicional: - If he had wanted, he could have gone out with his friends. - If he had asked me, he could have borrowed my car. (Si me lo hubiese pedido, podra
haber cogido mi coche).

If +

Past Perfect +

could/ might + have + past participle

- If he had arrived on time, he might have bought the present.

TIME CLAUSES (Oraciones temporales):

When As soon as Before After Until By the time The moment that
- After I have finished this novel Ill lend it to you. - Well check the exercise when everybody finishes. - As soon as Ive finished my homework, Ill call you.

Present Simple / Present Perfect Simple

Future tense

Variante de Time Clauses (Oraciones temporales): When As soon as Before After Until By the time The moment that Present tense Present Simple / Present Perfect Simple
After youve passed the exam, you receive a diploma.
- You should take an umbrella before you leave. - Check to see that you have got your tickets before you leave.

Modal Imperative