Marks:40

SYJC CS

Time 2.00hrs

Q1. (A) Select the correct alternative and rewrite the following: (4) 1. VB Script can be executed in Both browser. a) Internet explorer b) Netscape Navigator c)Both d) None of these. 2. To place the image into an HTML file <SRC> attribute tag is used in <IMG> tag. a)< URL> b) <ALT> c) <SRC> d) <HREF> 3.The most widely used and economical cable for network installation is UTP a) UTP b) STP c)Fiber-optic d) Co-axial 4. Fiber Optic cable is most sensitive to EMI. a) UTP b)STP c)Co-axial d)Fiber Optic (B) Answer any TWO of the following: (6) 1. Explain the use of following HTML tags. a) <Pre> <PRE> is pre format the text. The text appearing between <PRE> and </PRE> is displayed in mono space form (fixed-width). If you use <PRE> tag, Spaces inside this element are displayed as typed. b) <Br> The HTML <br> tag is used for specifying a line break. c) <B> The <b> tag will bold the text inside the tag. 2. Explain the Characteristics of Transmission Media. a) Cost: Cost is one major fact of networking components. When one tries to new technology, it is fastest and it is more expensive. The network designer must settle for something which is cheaper and robust. b) Installation Requirement: Some transmission media required skilled labor to install. This increase cost of network and it may cause certain delay. Before installation we need to prepare actual physical layout of network. c) Band width: It refers to the data carrying capacity of a channel or medium. Higher bandwidth communication channels support higher data rates. d) Band Usage: There are two transmission modes, baseband and broadband transmissions. Baseband devotes the entire capacity of the medium to one communicational channel. Broadband enable two or more communication channel to share the band width of the communication medium. e) Attention:

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It refers to loss of energy as signal propagates outwards. The amount of energy lost depends on frequency. Radiations and physical characteristics of media contribute to attenuation. f) Electro Magnetic Interference: EMI (Electro Magnetic Interference) consists of outside electromagnetic noise that distorts the signal in a medium. In computer network, large number of cables are located close together therefore cross talk is a significant problem in network. Cross talk occurs when the signals from one wire is picked by another wire. This can be experienced while talking on phone. 3. What is HTML? State any six advantage and disadvantages. 1. HTML is a programming language to create web page. 2. It is not a case sensitive language. 3. User can jump from one page to another page using hyper links. 4. If something is not working, then finding error is easy in HTML. 5. Learning HTML is simple than any programming Language. 6. For creating HTML program, no special software is required. Q2. (A) Answer any ONE of the following: (4) 1.Explain the following devices of computer network a)SWITCH Switch is an electronic device, which having routing capacities. The switch can read the address of designation node from message and forward them directly to the appropriate node. A network switch is more advanced than a hub but not as advanced as a router. b) ROUTER A hardware device designed to take incoming packets, analyze the packets, moving the packets to another network, converting the packets to another network interface, dropping the packets, directing packets to the appropriate locations, and performing any other number of other actions. A router has a lot more capabilities than other network devices such as a hub or a switch that are only able to perform basic network functions. For example, a hub is often used to transfer data between computers or network devices, but does not analyze or do anything with the data it is transferring. Routers however can analyze the data being sent over a network, change how it is packaged and send it to another network or over a different network. For example, routers are commonly used in home networks to share a single Internet connection with multiple computers.

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a) In the above example of a home network there are two different examples of a router, the router and the wireless router. As can be seen in the example the router is what allows all the computers and other network devices access the Internet.

2. Explain the use of following HTML tags. a) <SMALL> The HTML <small> tag is used for specifying small text. in touch with b) <BIG> The HTML <big> tag is used for specifying large text. c) <HR> The HTML <hr> tag is used for creating a horizontal rule. Attributes of <HR> tags: Color: Defines the color of the line. Width: Defines the width of the line. Align: Defines the alignment of the line. Eg: <HR Color=red width=100% size=2 align=left> In order to <small>stay<small>

d) <SUP>

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The HTML <sup> tag is used for defining superscript text. Eg: X²+Y² Display:

(B) Answer any TWO of the following: 1. Write a C++ program to display the name of the day in a week, depending up on the number entered through the keyboard. #include<iostream.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { int day; clrscr(); cout<<"enter the number between 1 to 7\n"; cin>>day; switch(day) { case 1: cout<<"monday\n"; break; case 2: cout<<"tuesday\n"; break; case 3: cout<<"wednesday\n"; break; case 4: cout<<"thursday\n"; break; case 5: cout<<"friday\n"; break; case 6: cout<<"saturday\n"; break; case 7: cout<<"sunday\n"; break; } getch(); }
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2. Compare between UTP and Fiber Optic cable UTP cable is a popular cable used in computer networking that consists of two shielded wires twisted around each other. Unshielded Twisted Pair cable is most certainly by far the most popular cable around the world. UTP cable is used not only for networking but also for the traditional telephone there are 6+ different types of UTP categories and, depending on what you want to achieve; you would need the appropriate type of cable. UTP-CAT5 is the most popular UTP cable; it came to replace the well known coaxial cable which was not able to keep up with the continuous growth for faster and more reliable networks. The characteristics of UTP are very good and make it easy to work with, install, expand and troubleshoot. Categories: i) Categories 1 and 2. CAT1 is typically telephone wire. This type of wire is not capable of supporting computer network traffic and is not twisted. It is also used by phone companies who provide ISDN, where the wiring between the customer's site and the phone company's network uses CAT 1 cable. ii) Category 3: This type of cable is suitable for data rates up to 10 Mbps. This types uses four twisted pairs with three twists per foot. This is now standard cable used for most telephone installation. iii) Category 4: This data grade cable, consists of four twisted pairs. This is suitable for data rates unto 16 Mbps. iv) Category 5: This also consists of four twisted pairs. It is suitable for data rate unto 100 Mbps. Most new cabling systems are designed around category 5. The price of cable increases with category. All connecting devices are also graded. For category 5 cabling system, all connectors and connecting devices must be designed for category 5 operation. Connector for UTP: The most common connector used with UTP is RJ-45. These connectors can be easily connected and removed. Fiber Optic cable : A fiber optic cable is a network cable that contains strands of glass fibers inside an insulated casing. These cables are designed for long distance and very high bandwidth (gigabit speed) network communications. Fiber optic cables carry communication signals using pulses of light. While expensive, these cables are increasingly being used instead of traditional copper cables, because fiber offers more capacity and is less susceptible to electrical interference. An optical fiber (optical fiber) is a flexible, transparent fiber made of high quality extruded glass (silica) or plastic, slightly thicker than a human hair. It can function as a wave guide,
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or light pipe, to transmit light between the two ends of the fiber. The field of applied science and engineering concerned with the design and application of optical fibers is known as fiber optics. Optical fibers are widely used in fiber-optic communications, which permits transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths (data rates) than other forms of communication. Fibers are used instead of metal wires because signals travel along them with less loss and are also immune to electromagnetic interference. Fibers are also used for illumination, and are wrapped in bundles so that they may be used to carry images, thus allowing viewing in confined spaces. Specially designed fibers are used for a variety of other applications, including sensors and fiber lasers. 1. Explain<FONT> tag and its attributes with example. Font tag is used to specify the type, style and size of the text. Attributes: 1. Color: Defines the color of the text in the font element. 2. Face: Defines the font of the text in the font element. 3. Size: Defines the size in the font element. Eg: <Font Color=red face=arial size=10> Q3. (A) Answer any ONE of the following: (4) 1. Write a HTML code for a webpage displaying local time and day. Make use of VB Script. <HTML> <Head> <title> Table </title> </head> <body> <script language="vbscript"> document.write("The current day is " & Date) </script> </body> </HTML> 2. Explain the different types of twisted pair cable. A cable made by intertwining two separate insulated wires together. There are two twisted pair types: shielded and unshielded. Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) has a fine wire mesh surrounding the wires to protect the transmission; Unshielded does not. Shielded cable is used in older telephone networks, network, and data communications to reduce outside interference. The more common kind of wire that is installed to your home is unshielded twisted pair. a) Shielded Twisted Pair Cable (STP): Shielded twisted pair is a special kind of copper telephone wire used in networks. An outer covering or shield is added to the ordinary twisted pair telephone wires; the shield functions as a ground. Twisted pair is the ordinary copper wire that connects home and many business computers to the telephone company. To reduce crosstalk or electromagnetic induction between
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pairs of wires, two insulated copper wires are twisted around each other. Each signal on twisted pair requires both wires

b) Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable (UTP): UTP cable is a popular cable used in computer networking that consists of two shielded wires twisted around each other. Unshielded Twisted Pair cable is most certainly by far the most popular cable around the world. UTP cable is used not only for networking but also for the traditional telephone there are 6+ different types of UTP categories and, depending on what you want to achieve; you would need the appropriate type of cable. UTP-CAT5 is the most popular UTP cable; it came to replace the well known coaxial cable which was not able to keep up with the continuous growth for faster and more reliable networks. The characteristics of UTP are very good and make it easy to work with, install, expand and troubleshoot. Categories: v) Categories 1 and 2. CAT1 is typically telephone wire. This type of wire is not capable of supporting computer network traffic and is not twisted. It is also used by phone companies who provide ISDN, where the wiring between the customer's site and the phone company's network uses CAT 1 cable. vi) Category 3: This type of cable is suitable for data rates up to 10 Mbps. This types uses four twisted pairs with three twists per foot. This is now standard cable used for most telephone installation. vii) Category 4: This data grade cable, consists of four twisted pairs. This is suitable for data rates unto 16 Mbps. viii) Category 5: This also consists of four twisted pairs. It is suitable for data rate unto 100 Mbps. Most new cabling systems are designed around category 5. The price of cable increases with category. All connecting devices are also graded. For category 5 cabling system, all connectors and connecting devices must be designed for category 5 operation. Connector for UTP: The most common connector used with UTP is RJ-45. These connectors can be easily connected and removed.

(B) Answer any TWO of the following: 1. Explain<IMG> tag and its attributes with example. IMG is html tag which is used to bring images on your webpage. Attributes:

(6)

1. ALIGN: This property controls the alignment of the images to left, center and right.
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2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

BORDER: Specifies the size of the border to place around the image. SRC: Specifies the locations of the image to be displayed. WIDTH: specifies the width of the image in pixels HEIGHT: specifies the height of the image in pixels HSPACE: Indicates the amount of space to be left or right of the image. VSPACE: Indicates the amount of space to be top or bottom of the image. ALT: Indicates the text to be displayed in case the browser is unable to display the image specified in SRC.

Example: <html> <title> Information Tech </title> <head>Image </head> <body > <IMG src=D:\image\picture.jpg height=100 width=100 hspace=20 vspace=20 alt=Welcome to image align=center border=2> </body> </html> 2. Explain the different types of co-axial cables. Coaxial cables are a type of cable that is used by cable TV and that is common for data communications. Taking a round cross-section of the cable, one would find a single center solid wire symmetrically surrounded by a foil conductor. Between the center wire and foil is an insulating dielectric(copper mesh). Data is transmitted through the center wire, while the outer braided layer serves as a line to ground. Both of these conductors are parallel and share the same axis. This is why the wire is called coaxial. The outside insulator made up of plastic which protests cable from damage. There are two types,

a) Thin net: This is a type of coaxial cable you can use for networks, it is a thinner cable, like the one you find on your cable television. Thin net is 6mm in thickness. Thin net is use in LANs, easy to work with. Thin net is a wire that uses a thin coaxial cable in an Ethernet environment. It is capable of covering up to 185 meters and is not highly susceptible to noise interference. It transmits at 10Mbps and can support up to 30 nodes per segment. Thin net is used for small networks because it is cheaper to install and maintain, however, it is less reliable than other alternatives because coaxial cabling is used to implement bus topology networks, a fault could
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bring down the entire network. Thin net also causes security problems because it is possible for anyone to tap into it and add an authorized device, since connections to the network cannot be controlled with a switch or a hub, there is no way to prevent unauthorized connections. b) Thick net: Thick net is thicker than thin net. Thick net is about 13 mm in thickness. Since it is thick, it does not bend. It is difficult to work with thick net. This cable transmits a signal approximately 500 meters. Two are more thin net LANs can be connected by thick net. It is also called standard Ethernet cable. This cable is more expensive. Installation of Coaxial Cable: Coaxial cable is typically installed in two configurations: daisty chain (from device to device Ethernet) and star. Devices are connected by T-connectors. The ends of cable run must be terminated by special connector, called a terminator. Connectors of Coaxial Cable: Two types of connectors are commonly used with coaxial cable. The most common is British Navel Connector (BNC) and N connectors. 3. Explain <MARQUEE> tag and its attributes with example. The HTML <marquee> tag is used for scrolling piece of text or image displayed either horizontally across or vertically down your web site page depending on the settings. Example: <marquee>This is basic example of marquee</marquee> Attributes: 1. Direction: Defines the direction of scrolling the content. The possible values are up, down, right and Left. 2. Height: Defines the height of marquee. 3. Width: Defines the width of marquee. 4. Vspace: Specifies vertical space around the marquee. 5. Hspace: Specifies horizontal space around the marquee. 6. Bgcolor: Specifies the background color. 7. Behavior: Defines the type of scrolling. The possible values are scroll, slide and alternate. 8. Loop: Specifies how many times to loop. The default value is INFINITE 9. Scrollamount: Defines how far to jump. 10. Scrolldelay: Defines how long to delay between each jump.

Q4. Answer any ONE of the following: 1.Write a HTML code for the following output.
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<html> <head> <title>TIME TABLE</title> </head> <body> <table width="75%" border="1"> <tr> <td colspan="6"><center>Time table</center></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="16%" rowspan="6"><center>Hours</td> <td><center> Mon</td> <td><center>Tue</td> <td><center>Wed</td> <td><center>Thu</td> <td><center>Fri</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="15%">Science </td> <td width="17%">Maths</td> <td width="16%">Science</td> <td width="16%">Maths</td> <td width="20%">Arts</td> </tr>
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<tr> <td>Social</td> <td>History</td> <td>English</td> <td>Social</td> <td>Sports</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="5"><center>Lunch</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Science</td> <td>Maths</td> <td>Science</td> <td>Maths</td> <td rowspan="2">Project</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Social</td> <td>History</td> <td>English</td> <td>Social</td> </tr> </table> </body> </html> 2. What is network Topology? Explain computer topologies with diagram. Network Topology: Topology is the arrangement of computers, cables and connecting devices in a network. There are four different types of topologies, they are 1. Star Topology: In this topology, all terminals are connected to a central computer, (server) or hub. The star topology reduces the chance of network failure by connecting all of the systems to a central node.

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Advantages: 1. Easy to detect faults and to remove parts. 2.There is no possibility of data collision. 3.More computers can be easily added to the network. Disadvantages: 1. It requires dedicated server. If server fails entire network gets 2.It is more expensive to install. 3.It requires large amount of cable. 2.Bus Topology In this topology all terminals are connected to common cable called as a bus. This topology may have problems when two clients want to transmit at the same time on the same bus. Commonly has a slower data transfer rate than other topologies. collapsed.

Advantages: It is not expensive to install. It is easy to expand the network. Disadvantages: It is difficult to detect cable fault.
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It does not require dedicated server. 3.Ring Topology: In this type of network topology all the nodes(computers) are connected in a circular series of a cable. A ring topology provides only one pathway between any two nodes, ring networks may be disrupted by the failure of a single link

Advantages: It uses less amount of cable. It gives consistent performance in case of heavy traffic. Disadvantages: In case of node failure entire network fails. It is very difficult to detect fault. 4.Mesh Topology: In a mesh topology, each of the network computer and other devices, are interconnected with one another. Every node not only sends its own signals but also relays data from other nodes. In fact a true mesh topology is the one where every node is connected to every other node in the network. This type of topology is very expensive as there are many redundant connections, thus it is not mostly used in computer networks.

Advantages: 1) Data can be transmitted from different devices simultaneously. This topology can withstand high traffic. 2) Even if one of the components fails there is always an alternative present. So data transfer doesnt get affected. 3) Expansion and modification in topology can be done without disrupting other nodes.
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Disadvantages: 1) Overall cost of this network is way too high as compared to other network topologies. 2) Set-up and maintenance of this topology is very difficult. Even administration of the network is tough.

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