LECTIA 18

VERBE CARE PRIMESC INFINITIVE SAU FORMA IN -ING

A. Forma verbele care urmeaza altor verbe au una dintre formele: INFINITIV + to sau
forma in -ING (vezi si Lectia 15/16). Verbele se impart in patru categorii principale:
1. verbe care pot fi urmate numai de INFINITIV + to:
We agreed to meet at noon.
2. verbe care pot si urmate numai de forma in -ING:
You risk being late.
3. verbe care pot fi urmate fie de un INFINITIV + to fie de forma in -ING fara a
inregistra o modificare de sens:
I see Harry has started to play golf again. (= in general)
I see Harry has started playing golf again. (= in general sau numai in
momentul de fata)
4. verbe care pot fi urmate fie de INFINITIV + to fie de forma in -ING dar cu o
schimbare majora de sens:
I forgot to go to the bank yesterday. (= Nu m-am dus.)
I have forgotten going to the bank yesterday. (= Nu-mi amintesc sa fi
fost.)
B. Utilizare.
1. INFINITIVUL + to se foloseste de obicei dupa:
afford
agree
appear arrange
ask
attempt
decide
expect
fail
help
hope
learn manage
mean
offer
plan
prepare
pretend
seem promise
refuse
tend
threaten
want
wish
I cant afford to buy a new car now.
I fail to see the point you are making.
We cant promise you to be there by 8 oclock.
ATENTIE: forma negativa este not to + INFINITIV.
The boy promised not to misbehave ever again.

ask, decide, explain, know, remember, forget, understand urmate de cuvinte

interogative: how, what, when, which, where, whether etc:
I dont know how to get to the cathedral from here.
We havent decided which restaurant to go tonight.
ask, enable, force, get, invite, order, persuade, remind, teach, tell, warn +
complement:
We invited the Browns to dinner on Saturday night.
Can you ask them to leave, please?

make in propozitii pasive:

When I was at school, I was made to wear a uniform.
Due to the heavy fog, the plane was made to divert to Gatwick airport.

2. forma in -ING este de obicei folosita dupa:

admit
avoid
consider
delay
deny dislike
enjoy
keep on
feel like
imagine
give upfinish involve fancy
mind
miss
postpone
practice
risk
stand (= bear)
suggest
mention
recall
regret
He admitted stealing the jewels.
Have you considered moving abroad?
I suggest starting from the beginning.
ATENTIE: forma negativa este not + -ING.
I enjoy not having to work.
NOTA: dupa admit, deny, regret, suggest se poate folosi si that.
Sam denied that he had shot his wife. SAU: Sam denied shooting his wife.

dupa verbe complexe: carry on, end up, give up, go round, keep on, put off, set
about:
You carry on talking while I eat my lunch.
Frank is always trying hard to give up smoking.

3. se pot folosi atat INFINITIVUL + to cat si forma in -ING fara diferente de sens
dupa verbele: begin, continue, hate, like, love, prefer, start:
I began to play chess three years ago. SAU: I began playing chess three
years ago.
Mike loves to drive fast cars. SAU: Mike loves driving fast cars.
4. INFINITIVUL + to sau forma in -ING au sensuri diferite dupa: remember,
forget, try, stop, go on, regret:
Have you forgotten posting that letter? (= Ai trimis-o dar nu-ti amintesti.)
DAR: Have you forgotten to post that letter? (= Nu ai trimis-o?)
I stopped smoking cigarettes because they were bad for me. (= Nu mai
fumez.) DAR: I stopped to smoke a cigarette. (= M-am oprit si am fumat o
tigara.)

EXERCITII
1. Treceti verbele din paranteze fie la INFINITIV + to fie la forma -ING.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Ive agreed .......................... football foe the local team next season. (play)
Jack doesnt allow .......................... in his car. (smoke)
When do you advise me .......................... again, Doctor? (come)
My wife cant stand .......................... fish. (eat)
My neighbour offered .......................... after Josh while I went shopping. (look)

6. We enjoyed Harrys .......................... the piano. (play)

7. I deny .......................... anyone about his relationship with Bridget. (tell)
8. Mark pretended not .......................... me but Im sure he did. (see)
9. Do you approve of the children.......................... so much noise?
10. James promise not .......................... late. (be)
2. Transformati verbul din paranteze fie in INFINITIV + to, fie in forma in -ING pentru
a exprima sensul cel mai potrivit.
1. Ill never forget .......................... Pavarotti at La Scala last year. (hear)
2. Dont try .......................... the Channel in rough seas. (cross)
3. I hate .......................... at night. (drive)
4. She would hate .......................... in public; shes very shy. (speak)
5. Did you remember .......................... some bread for tonights meal? (buy)
6. Lord Dimblebys finally decided .......................... his autobiography. (write)
7. Do your neighbours never stop ..........................? (argue)
8. The Government promised .......................... taxes by next year. (reduce)
9. I hear Sam wants to carry on.......................... until hes seventy. (jog)
10. Why do you want to put off ..........................? Its high time! (get married)
11. Before James began .......................... to the gym regularly he was quite fat. (go)
12. Would you help me .......................... my bags off the train, please? (carry)
13. If Billy is not careful, hell end up .......................... into trouble with the police.
(get)
14. Paul always forgets .......................... the lights off before he goes to bed. (switch)
15. This hot weather makes me .......................... thirsty all the time. (feel)