GENERIC NAME Levofloxac in 500mg/tab BID

BRAND NAME Levaqui n

CLASSIFICATI ON >Function classification: Antiinfective >Chemical classification: Fluoroquinolone

USES

ACTION

SIDE EFFECTS

CONTRAINDICATIO NS Hypersensitivity to quinolones, photosensitivity

>Acute sinusitis, acute chronic bronchitis, community acquired pneumonia, uncomplicate d skin infections, complicated UTI, cellulitis, PID, prostatitis, inhalational anthrax (postexposur e), acute pyelonephriti s, inhalation anthrax in children.

Interferes with conversion of intermediate DNA in bacteria; DNA gyrase inhibitor; inhibits topoisomera se IV.

CNS: headache, dizziness, insomnia, anxiety, seizures, encephalopathy, paresthesia CV: chest pain, palpitations, vasodilation, QT prolongation EENT: dry mouth, visual impairment GI: nausea, flatulence, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, pseudomembrano us colitis, hepatotoxicity GU: vaginitis, crystalluria HEMA: eosonophilia,

NURSING CONSIDERATIO NS Assess: >For previous sensitivity reaction Perform: Increase fluid intake to 2L/day to prevent crystalluria >For PO or IV dosing, reduce dose with impaired renal function. >Oral doses are given at least 2 hr before or 2 hr after antacids containing Mg or Al, as well as sucralfate, iron products, multivitamin preparations containing zinc, and didanosine (chewable/buffer ed tablets or pediatric powder for PO solution). >Store tablets in a

hemolytic anemia, lymphopenia INTEG: rash, pruritis, photosensitivity, epidermal necrosis MISC: hypoglycemia, hypersensitivity, tendinitis, tendon rupture RESP: pneumonitis SYST: anaphylaxis, multisystem organ failure

tight container at 15-30C.

GENERIC NAME Clonidine 75 mcg SL now then every 15 min. x 3 doses

BRAND NAME Nu-clonidine

CLASSIFICATION Function classification: Antihypertensive Chemical classification: Central adrenergic agonist

USES Mild to moderate hypertension, used alone or in combination; severe pain in cancer patients (epidural)

ACTION Inhibits sympathetic vasomotor center in CNS, which reduces impulses in sympathetic nervous system; blood pressure, pulse rate, cardiac output decrease, prevents pain signal transmission in CNS by adrenergic receptor stimulation of spinal cord.

SIDE EFFECTS CNS: drowsiness, sedation, headache, fatigues, nightmares, insomnia, mental changes, anxiety, depression, hallucination, delirium CV: Orthostatic hypotension, palpitations, CHF, ECG abnormalities EENT: Taste change, parotid pain ENDO: Hyperglycemia GI: Nausea, vomiting, malaise, constipation, dry mouth GU: Impotence, dysuria,

CONTRAINDICATIONS NURSING CONSIDERATIONS Hypersensitivity; Assess: (epidural) bleeding >Renal studies: disorders, protein, BUN, anticoagulants creatinine; increased levels may indicate nephrotic syndrome >Baselines in renal, hepatic studies before therapy begins; potassium levels, although hyperkalemia rare >Renal symptoms: polyuria, oliguria, frequency

nocturia, gynecomastia INTEG: Rash, alopecia, facial pallor, pruritis, hives, edema, burning papules, excoriation (transdermal patches) MISC: Withdrawal symptoms MS: Muscle, joint pain; leg cramps

GENERIC NAME

BRAND NAME

CLASSIFICATION

USES

ACTION

SIDE EFFECTS

CONTRAINDICATIONS

NURSING CONSIDERATION S

tranexami c acid

Cyklokapro n

Antifibrinolytic antihemorrhagi c

Tranexamic acid is used to treat heavy menstrual bleeding in women. tranexamic acid may be used by teenage females, but is not recommende d before the start of menstruation .

Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolyti c agent. It works by blocking the breakdown of blood clots, which prevents bleeding.

Tranexamic acid competitively inhibits activation of plasminogen thereby reducing conversion of plasminogen to plasmin (fibrinolysin), an enzyme that degrades fibrin clots, fibrinogen, and other plasma proteins, including the procoagulant factors V and VIII Tranexamic acid also directly inhibits plasmin activity, but higher doses are required

Anxiety blurred vision change in vision chest pain confusion cough dizziness or lightheaded ness fainting fast heartbeat greatly increased or decreased frequency of urination or amount of urine increased thirst loss of appetite nausea or vomiting numbness of the hands

Except under special circumstances, this medication should not be used when the following medical problem exists: Intravascular clotting, active (risk of serious, even fatal, thrombus formation) Risk-benefit should be considered when the following medical problems exist Defective color vision, acquired (condition precludes assessment of color vision, which may be required to determine toxicity) Hematuria of upper urinary tract origin (risk of intrarenal obstruction secondary to clot retention in the renal pelvis and ureters if hematuria is massive; also, if hematuria is associated with a

Before taking these medicine, ask first the patient if he or she is allergic to it or if he has other allergies

should not be administered concomitantly with Factor IX Complex concentrates or Antiinhibitor Coagulant concentrates, as the risk of thrombosis may be increased. The dose of CYKLOKAPRO N Injection should be reduced in patients with

than are needed to reduce plasmin formation. In vitro , the antifibrinolyti c potency of tranexamic acid is approximatel y 5 to 10 times that of aminocaproic acid In patients with hereditary angioedema, inhibition of the formation and activity of plasmin by tranexamic acid may prevent attacks of angioedema by decreasing plasmininduced activation of

pain, redness, or swelling in the arm or leg sudden shortness of breath or troubled breathing

disease of the renal parenchyma, intravascular precipitation of fibrin may occur and exacerbate the disease) Renal function impairment (medicati on may accumulate; dosage adjustment based on the degree of impairment is recommended) Thrombosis, predisposition to or history of (medication inhibits clot dissolution and may interfere with mechanisms for maintaining blood vessel patency; it is recommended that tranexamic acid be administered in conjunction with anticoagulant therapy, if at all)

renal insufficiency because of the risk of accumulation

the first complement protein