Professional Documents
Culture Documents
HCM
B MN CAD/CAM-CNC
LP TRNH CNC
Lp trnh phay NC
CHNG 3: C S LP TRNH NC
3.1
Chng trnh NC
a) a ch lnh (Address):
L ch ci alphabet u lnh, ch th v tr lu tr d liu s theo sau.
Bng 1. Cc m lnh NC
Nhm lnh
a ch
ngha
S th t khi lnh
S th t khi lnh
Lnh G
X,Y,Z
U,V,W
A,B,C
I,J,K
Ta tm cung trn
Kch thc
Lp trnh phay NC
Tc chy dao
Tc chy dao
Tc trc chnh
Chn dao
S hiu dao
Lnh ph
iu khin bn xoay
D,H
P,X
chnh
Dng tm thi
Lnh gi chng trnh
Tham s
P,Q
b) T Lnh (Word):
L chui k t, s, c h th mt i lng iu khi n nht nh.
V d:
X2.0: ta phng X
G__
Lnh G
X__
Y__
M__
Lnh ph
S__
Lnh tc
trc chnh
T__
EOB(;)
V d:
N05 G21 ;
: h mt
Lp trnh phay NC
3.2
Lp trnh phay NC
b) Lp trnh t ng:
Ngi lp trnh s dng ngn ng h tr lp trnh hoc phn mm CAD/CAM nh
cng c tr gip chuyn i t ng d liu hnh hc v d liu cng ngh
thnh chng trnh NC. C 3 phng php:
3.2
Lp trnh phay NC
f) Thc thi trnh hu x l (post processing) bin dch d liu chy dao
thnh chng trnh NC (M G, M).
3.4
Phng php nhp/xut chng trnh NC ph bin hin nay l dng ng truyn
trc tip RS-232-C nhp/xut d liu t my tnh sang my CNC v ngc li.
Nhp/xut d liu qua RS-232-C
Lp trnh phay NC
Ngn tay gia ch chiu dng trc Z lun hng v pha trc chnh.
4.2
Cu trc:
G92 XxYyZz;
Lp trnh phay NC
Mc ch :
o
ci t h ta gia cng.
V d 1:
G90 G92 X0 Y0 Z0 ;
N100
N110
N120
N130
N140
Lp trnh phay NC
N05
N10
N15
N20
N25
N30
N35
N40
N45
N50
N55
N60
N65
N70
N75
N80
N85
N90
N95
G90 G17;
: ta tuyt i, mt phng XY
T01 M06;
: thay dao hin ti bng dao s 1
G92 X-6.25 Y3.23 Z4.55;: nh ngha gc ta
G00 X1.5 Y1.;
: chy dao nhanh ti H1
Z0.2;
: tin dao nhanh ti Z0.2
G01 Z-0.5 F7.5;
: khoan l H1 su 0.5, tc 7.5
G00 Z0.2;
: thot dao v Z0.2
Y4.;
: chy dao nhanh ti H2
G01 Z-0.5 F7.5;
: khoan l H2 su 0.5
G00 Z0.2;
: thot dao v Z0.2
X6.;
: chy dao nhanh ti H3
G01 Z-0.5 F7.5;
: khoan l H3 su 0.5
G00 Z0.2;
: thot dao v Z0.2
Y1.;
: chy dao nhanh ti H4
G01 Z-0.5 F7.5;
: khoan l H4 su 0.5
G00 Z0.2;
: thot dao v Z0.2
X-6.25 Y3.23 Z4.55; : chy dao nhanh tr v gc my
G90 X0 Y0 Z0;
: thit lp li h ta my
M30;
: kt thc chu trnh
Chng trnh:
N05
N10
N15
N20
N25
N30
N35
N40
N45
G90 G17;
T02 M06;
G00 X0 Y0;
G92 X-6. Y-4.;
G00 X0 Y-2.;
G01 Z-0.5 F5.;
G00 Z0.2;
X2. Y0.;
G01 Z-0.5 F5.;
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
ta tuyt i, mt phng XY
thay dao hin ti bng dao s 2
chy dao nhanh ti gc h ta gia cng
nh ngha h ta lp trnh so vi h ta chi tit
Lp trnh phay NC
N50
N55
N60
N65
N70
N75
N80
N85
N90
N95
4.3
G00 Z0.2;
X0 Y2.;
G01 Z-0.5 F5.;
G00 Z0.2;
X-2. Y0;
G01 Z-0.5 F5.;
G00 Z0.2;
X-6. Y4.;
G90 X0 Y0;
M30;
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
ii.
10
Lp trnh phay NC
Chng trnh:
%
O0001
G54;
G90 G40 G49 G80 G17 G21;
G91 G28 Z0;
G91 G28 X0 Y0;
T01 M06;
G90 S2000 M03;
G00 G43 H01 Z50.
G56;
G00 X0 Y0 M08;
G91;
G98 G83 Z-17. R1. Q3. F80.;
M98 P905;
G55;
G00 X0 Y0 M08;
G91;
G98 G83 Z-17. R1. Q3. F80.;
M98 P906;
G57;
G00 X0 Y0 M08;
G91;
G98 G83 Z-17. R1. Q3. F80.;
M98 P907;
G54;
G00 Z50. M05;
G91 G28 Z0 M09;
G90 G40 G49 G80
M30;
%
4.4
N10 G90;
N15 G00 X30. Y30. Z2.;
N20 G01 Z-6. F100.;
N30 X110. Y75.;
11
Lp trnh phay NC
N10
N15
N20
N30
b. H inch/mt (G20/G21)
-
4.5
C php: G00 Xx Yy Zz ;
Vd: G00 X100.Y100. Z50.
12
Lp trnh phay NC
b.
13
Lp trnh phay NC
N90 G90
N95 G00 X30. Y30. Z2.;
N100 G01 Z-6. F100.;
N105 X110. Y75.;
IP
I, J, K: ta tm cung trn so vi im u.
Cch xc nh: tnh t im u v tm cung trn,
nu theo chiu dng trc x, y, z th I, J, K ly gi
tr dung; ngc li ly gi tr m.
R
Lp trnh phay NC
F100.
F100.
C th lp trnh ni suy cung trn theo 2 phng php: phng php IJ-K v Phng php R.
IP
: ta im cui cung trn
I, J, K: ta tm cung trn so vi
im u
R
: bn knh cung trn (R ly gi
tr dng nu cung nh hn 180 ,
R ly gi tr m nu cung ln hn 180
)
15
Lp trnh phay NC
F100.
F100.
Lp trnh theo R:
R>0 khi cung trn nh
hn 1800
- R<0 khi cung trn ln
hn 1800
16
Lp trnh phay NC
N50 G90;
: ta tuyt i
N65 Y2.134;
: gia cng ti B
N70 G03 X0.5 Y3. I-0.5 J0.866; :ni suy cung trn gia cng ti C
N75 X0 Y3.866 I-1. J0;
: gia cng ti D
N105 X0;
17
Lp trnh phay NC
Chng trnh:
N05 G90 G21;
: ta tuyt i, h mt
: thay dao
: gia cng t A ti B
N40 G02 X10. Y100. R80.;: ni suy cung trn gia cng t B ti C
N45 G01 X140. Y60.;
chnh
N70 G91 G28 X0 Y0;
N75 M30;
18
Lp trnh phay NC
Chng trnh:
N05 G90 G21;
: ta tuyt i, h mt
: thay dao
N25 Y40.;
N50 G02 X9. Y2.258 R2.; : ni suy cung trn gia cng ti E
N55 G01 X0 Y0;
N75 M05;
N80 M02;
N75 M30;
19
Lp trnh phay NC
4.6
G28 Zz;
G28 Xx Yy;
G28 Xx Yy Zz;
Lu :
-
20
Lp trnh phay NC
V d:
21
Lp trnh phay NC
V d 2:
Hin ti dao v tr A
G30 P2 X1. Y1. chuyn ng
t A n im trung gian B
v tip tc ti im tham
chiu th hai C
G30 P3 X11. Y3. chuyn
ng t A n im trung
gian D v tip tc ti im
tham chiu th ba E
4.7
4.8
22
Lp trnh phay NC
4.9
-
C php: Tt M06;
Lnh T chn dao nhng khng thay dao, do phi dng vi lnh M06.
M09: Tt ch ti ngui
M00: khi dng M00, chng trnh s tm dng cho n khi nt START
c nhn.
Dng tm thi dng di chuyn trc chnh trong khong thi gian p
micro giy.
V d: G04 P500
4.15 Vn tc tin bn, lng chy dao Ff
-
Lp trnh phay NC
C php: M98 P_ _ _ _ _ _ _;
Cui chng trnh con l lnh M99, iu khin dng chng trnh quay
li ni gi chng trnh con (chng trnh chnh).
4.17
-
Cu trc:
ng dng ca b tr bn knh:
o
G01/G00 G41/G42 Xx Yy Dd Ff ;
Dao gia cng khc dao lp trnh. Thay v vit li chng trnh, ngi
vn hnh ch cn thay i gi tr b tr.
Lu :
-
24
Lp trnh phay NC
50
X
C
D
40
40
E
L
K
4
30
10
50
50
30
S
30
40
80
40
N1 G91 ;
N3 G17 F300.;
N5 Y100.;
N6 X30. Y40.;
Lp trnh phay NC
N9 Y-100.;
N10 X-40.;
N14 Z2.5;
N15 G40;
change
N16 M01;
N20 X-60.;
N21 Y30.;
N24 X-60.;
N25 Z2.5;
N27 M02;
4.18
-
G49
: hy b tr chiu di dao
26
Lp trnh phay NC
V d: H1 gn gi tr 20.0; H2 gn gi tr 30.0
G90 G44 Z100.0 H1 ; Z s di chuyn n 80.0
G90 G44 Z100.0 H2 ; Z s di chuyn n 70.0
-
V d 1:
N1
N2
N3
N4
N5
G00 Z0. ;
G0 X1. Y2. ;
G90 G43 Z-20. H1. ;
G01 Z-30. F200. ;
G49 Z0. ;
27
Lp trnh phay NC
V d 2:
N1
N2
N3
N4
G00
G90
G01
G49
4.19
X-2. Y-2.;
G44 Z30. H2. ;
Z-30. F200. ;
Z0. ;
Chu trnh khoan tm G81
Lp trnh phay NC
S400 M03;
G98 G83 X10. Y20. Z-15. R1. Q3. F25. M08 ;
Y-20.;
X-10. Y20.;
Y-29.;
G00 Z50. M09;
G91 G28 Z0;
M05;
M30;
4.21
29