1 s2.0 S0020768305001642 Main

International Journal of Solids and Structures 43 (2006) 41164135
www.elsevier.com/locate/ijsolstr
Natural frequencies of thin, rectangular plates with holes

or orthotropic patches carrying an elastically mounted mass
D.V. Bambill
a
a,b,*
, D.H. Felix a, C.A. Rossit
a,b
Department of Engineering, Institute of Applied Mechanics (IMA), Universidad Nacional del Sur, Alem 1253,
Baha Blanca 8000, Argentina
b
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientcas y Tecnicas, Argentina
Received 15 March 2005
Available online 5 May 2005
Abstract
The approximate solution for the title problem is obtained in the case of simply supported and clamped rectangular
plates made of isotropic or orthotropic materials. A variational approach (the well known RayleighRitz method) is
used, where the displacement amplitude is expressed in terms of beam functions. This means that each coordinate function satises identically all the boundary conditions at the outer edge of the plate. Free vibration analysis has been performed on various dierent cases; solid isotropic and orthotropic plates, orthotropic plates with a hole and isotropic
plates with an orthotropic inclusion or patch, carrying an elastically mounted concentrated mass. It is important
to point out that the case of an orthotropic patch is interesting from a technological viewpoint since it constitutes a
model of a repair implemented on the virgin structural element when it has suered damage. This approach has been
implemented by the aeronautical industry in some instances. The obtained results are in very good agreement with those
of particular cases of simply supported plates available in the literature.
2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Vibration; Mass; Plate; Elastic mounting; Orthotropy
1. Introduction
The present study deals with the analysis of transverse vibrations of simply supported and clamped
plates carrying a concentrated mass elastically mounted.
*
Corresponding author. Address: Department of Engineering, Institute of Applied Mechanics (IMA), Universidad Nacional del
Sur, Alem 1253, Baha Blanca 8000, Argentina. Tel.: +54 291 4595156; fax: +54 291 4595157.
E-mail address: dbambill@criba.edu.ar (D.V. Bambill).
0020-7683/$ - see front matter 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
doi:10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2005.03.051
D.V. Bambill et al. / International Journal of Solids and Structures 43 (2006) 41164135
4117
Fig. 1. Rectangular plate carrying an elastically mounted mass: (a) simply supported and (b) clamped.
The plates have dierent characteristics, simply supported or clamped edges, isotropic or orthotropic properties and holes or patches of orthotropic materials. Lekhnitskiis notation will be used (Lekhnitskii, 1968).
The mass is supposed elastically attached to the plate to take into account the presence of a motor or
engine that is mounted on an elastic foundation or when the connection of the mass to the plate possesses
elastic properties. The present paper extends considerably previous works on the subject (Laura et al., 1977;
valos et al., 1993; A
valos et al., 1997; Larrondo et al., 1998; A
valos et al., 1999) where,
Ercoli et al., 1992; A
in general, simply supported edges were considered. The use of beam functions allows for a very complete
combination of classical boundary conditions.
In a rather limited number of situations i.e. hinged ends and simply supported edges the dierential system is ameniable to solution by an exact approach (Laura et al., 1977). In other cases an approximate approach is necessary (Laura et al., 1977, who made use of the Galerkin method and Rossi et al., 1993,
employed the nite element methodology when making use of a discretized approach).
The problem is of basic interest in several elds of technology since it appears in a large variety of engineering situations; e.g. slabs supporting engines or motors, printed circuit boards with electronic elements
attached to them, etc. A plate-like chassis or a printed circuit can be approximated as at rectangular plates
carrying concentrated masses, with holes or patches of another material and subjected to vibration.
4118
Fig. 2. Rectangular plate with a hole and an elastically mounted mass: (a) simply supported and (b) clamped.
The natural frequencies of the modied structural element are calculated based on an approximation in
terms of a summation of beam eigenfunctions.
The numerical results presented in this study correspond to the natural frequencies of the vibrating models depicted in Figs. 13.
2. Approximate analytical solution

According to the classical thin plate theory the energy functional corresponding to the vibrating system
presented in Fig. 1 is given by:
Z Z
Z Z
1
1
J W ; Z
D1 W 2xx 2m2 D1 W xx W yy D2 W 2yy 4Dk W 2xy dx dy qx2 h
W 2 dx dy
2
2
1
1
2
1
m0 x2 W x0 ; y 0 Z k 0 Z 2
2
2
where W W x; y is the deection amplitude of the middle plane of the plate; Z is the mass displacement
amplitude relative to the middle plane of the plate; m2 is one of the Poissons ratios and D1, D2, Dk are bending and twisting rigidities for principle directions of elasticity for orthotropic plates
4119
Fig. 3. Rectangular plate with an orthotropic patch and an elastically mounted mass on it: (a) simply supported and (b) clamped.
D1
E 1 h3
;
121 m1 m2
D2
E 2 h3
;
121 m1 m2
Dk
Gh3
12
E1, E2: Youngs moduli, G: shear modulus; m1 is the other Poissons ratio. W 0 x0 ; y 0 is the plate displacement amplitude at the mass position x0 ; y 0 ; k0 is the spring constant; m0 is the magnitude of the concentrated mass; q, h are the density and the thickness of the plate, respectively and x is the natural circular
frequency.
The rotatory inertia of the concentrated mass is not taken into account in the present analysis.
The above functional expression corresponds to orthotropic plates (Lekhnitskii, 1968). In the case of an
isotropic plate there is a single Youngs modulus E1 = E2 = E and one Poissons ratio m2 = m1 = m and all the
bending rigidities are reduced to one rigidity
D1 D2 D;
while Dk
D
1 m
2
The classic RayleighRitz method is used to determine the natural frequencies of the proposed mechanical systems.
As the length of the rectangular plates sides are a and b in the x and y directions respectively, the coordinates are written in the dimensionless form:
x
y
x ; y
2a; b
a
b
4120
x0
x0
y
; y0 0
a
b
3a; b
and the aspect ratio of the plate:

a
k
b
The expression of the deection of the plate is approximated in the form of a series of beam functions
Xm(x) and Yn(y)
W x; y
M X
N
X
Amn X m xY n y
m1 n1
If the edges of the plate are simply supported the beam functions are:
X m x sin mpx
6a
Y n y sin npy
6b
and for the case of a fully clamped plate, the following beam functions are used, in x-direction:
X m x sin k m x sinh k m x
cos k m cosh k m
cos k m x cosh k m x
sin k m sinh k m
7a
and in y-direction:
Y n y sin k n y sinh k n y
cos k n cos k n
cos k n y cosh k n y
sin k n sin k n
7b
where the k 0s are the roots of the transcendental equation

cos k cosh k 1
The RayleighRitz method requires the minimization of the functional (1) with respect to the Amn coefcients and to the mass displacement Z:

Z
M X
N
oJW D1 X
d2 X m d2 X q
Amn k2
Yn
Y l dx dy
2
oAql
ab m1 n1
dx2
An dx

Z 2
Z
d Xm
d2 Y l
d2 X q
d2 Y n
d2 Y n
d2 Y l
2 D2
m2
X
Y
X
Y
X
X
dx dy
dx
dy
k
q
n
m
l
m
q
dx2
dy 2
dx2
dy 2
D1 An
dy 2
dy 2
An

Z
Z
4Dk
dX m dY n dX q dY l
qh 4 2 2
dx dy a x k
X m Y n X q Y l dx dy
D1
D1 An dx dy dx dy
An
"
!
#
M X
N
X
2 m0
qhabx
Amn X q x0 X m x0 Y l y 0 Y n y 0 ZX q x0 Y l y 0 0
8a
mp
m1 n1
oJW ; Z
m0
Zk 0 qhabx2
oZ
mp
M X
N
X
!
Amn X m x0 Y n y 0
!
Z
8b
m1 n1
The non-triviality solution of the set of Eqs. (8) yields a secular determinant in the natural frequency coefcients of the vibrating system. In matrix fashion it is:
jU X2 T j 0
4121
where
r
qh 2
Xi
xi a
D1

U
0
U
with U buqlmn c
0 k1 K 0
2
3
T
k2 mm0p X q x0 Y l y 0

5 with T btqlmn c
T 4 2 m
k m0p X m x0 Y n y 0
k2 mm0p
The sub-matrix U coecients are:

Z 2
d X q d2 X m
2
uqlmn k
Y l Y n dx dy m2
dx2 dx2
An
2
2

Z
d2 X m
d Yl
d Xq
d2 Y n
D2

Xq
Y
X
Y
dx dy k2
n
m
l
dx2
dy 2
dx2
dy 2
D1
An
2

Z
Z
2
d Yl d Yn
4Dk
dX q dX m
dY l dY n

X q X m
dx dy
dx dy
2
2
dy dy
D1 An dx dx
dy dy
An
and the sub-matrix T coecients are:
Z
X q X m Y l Y n dx dy
tqlmn k2
10
11a
11b
12a
12b
An
These matrix coecients correspond to the plate with no concentrated mass.

The dimensionless spring constant K0 is assumed as:
ab
k0
K0
D1
13
and takes into account the relative rigidity of the spring to the rigidity of the plate D1.
The magnitude m0 of the concentrated mass is referred to the mass of the solid plate mp = qhab.
3. Numerical results
The natural frequencies of the rectangular plates shown in Figs. 13 are analyzed. The plates are simply
supported or clamped at their external edges and carry an elastically mounted concentrated mass m0 at an
arbitrary position (x0, y0).
Table 1 shows the values of the rst natural frequency coecients Xi for simply supported isotropic
square plates. The mass is located at x0 = y0 = 3/4. For the isotropic material m = 0.30 is assumed.
It is important to notice that for some normal modes of vibration there exists an eective decoupling of
valos et al., 1993). It happens when a nodal line of the plate oscilthe spring-mass system from the plate (A
lation contains the position of the attached system. In that case the mass does not disturb neither the mode
nor the frequency of vibration. In the case of simply supported bare, rectangular, isotropic plates (m0 = 0)
the frequency coecients are given by X = p2(m2 + n2k2).
For the isotropic square plate, Fig. 1a, with the spring-mass system at x0 = y0 = 3/4 the frequency coefcients X = p2(m2 + n2) with m5n, are also roots of the frequency equation, because, in these cases,
two modal shapes have the same frequency. These two modal shapes may exist simultaneously, their relative amplitudes depending upon the initial conditions.
4122
Table 1
q
in the case of a simply supported square isotropic
Comparison of results of the rst four natural frequency coecients Xi xi a2 qh
D
plate with an elastically mounted mass m0 at x0 = 3/4, y0 = 3/4
K0/k
m0/mp
0.5
0.25
1.4128
1.4123
19.752
19.752
49.368
49.368
78.969
78.969
98.696
98.696
0.50
0.9990
1.0000
0.7071
0.7062
19.752
19.752
19.752
19.752
49.368
49.368
49.368
49.368
78.969
78.969
78.969
78.869
98.696
98.696
98.696
98.696
4.4084
4.4121
3.1180
3.1204
2.2050
2.2066
19.869
19.870
19.866
19.867
19.865
19.865
49.550
49.550
49.549
49.550
49.549
49.549
79.083
79.083
79.083
79.083
79.083
79.083
98.696
98.696
98.696
98.696
98.696
98.696
33.954
34.449
29.928
30.437
27.640
28.081
66.091
66.825
64.692
65.466
63.953
64.735
93.267
93.755
92.791
93.333
92.532
93.103
98.696
98.696
98.696
98.696
98.696
98.696
Xi
1.00
5
0.25
0.50
1.00
0.25
17.103
17.149
14.785
14.892
11.776
11.927
0.50
1.00
Present study
valos et al.
A
(1993)
The coecients Xmn = p2(m2 + n2k2) where m 5 n, are also roots of the frequency equation and are omitted in the table.
The combination of these pure modal shapes may give modal patterns with nodal lines, which coincide with the diagonals of the plate, and therefore contain the point x0 = y0 = 3/4.
Table 2
q
Comparison of results of the rst four natural frequency coecients Xi xi a2 qh
in the case of a simply supported rectangular
D
isotropic plate with an elastically mounted mass m0 at x0 = 3/4, y0 = 1/2, k = 2
K0/k
m0/mp
0.5
0.25
0.50
1.00
0.25
0.50
1.00
0.25
0.50
1.00
Xi
1.9982
1.9984
1.4131
1.4131
0.9995
1.0000
49.368
49.368
49.368
49.368
49.368
49.368
78.982
78.982
78.982
78.982
78.982
78.982
128.31
128.31
128.31
128.31
128.31
128.31
365.18
365.18
365.18
365.18
365.18
365.18
6.2694
6.2729
4.4333
4.4358
3.1349
3.1367
49.551
49.551
49.549
49.549
49.548
49.548
79.212
79.212
79.211
79.211
79.211
79.211
128.38
128.38
128.38
128.38
128.38
128.38
365.20
365.20
365.20
365.20
365.20
365.20
229.60
284.83
219.88
272.01
214.45
264.63
371.38
375.38
371.21
375.04
371.14
374.87
36.741
36.967
29.395
29.713
22.243
22.567
63.902
64.194
61.726
62.025
60.599
60.888
118.12
118.84
116.48
117.39
115.49
116.51
Present study
valos et al. (1993)
A
The coecients Xmn = p2(m2 + n2k2), where m is a multiple of 4 or n is a multiple of 2, are also roots of the frequency equation
and are omitted in the table.
4123
The results, shown in Table 1, have been calculated using M N = 20 20 terms in Eq. (5).
Table 2 presents the natural frequency coecients for isotropic rectangular plates.
The aspect ratio of the plate is chosen as k = a/b = 2 and the concentrated mass is located at x0 = 3/4,
valos et al. (1993).
y0 = 1/2. The results are compared with the results obtained by A
q
Tables 35 show the lowest six natural frequency coecients Xi Dqh1 xi a2 of simply supported orthotropic square plates with dierent locations of the attached
qspring-mass system, and various mass relations
0
corresponds to the spring-mass discrete system
m0/mp = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 1. The rst coecient X0 m0K=m
p
q
qh
2
and the remaining coecients Xi D1 xi a , with i = 1, 2, . . . 6, correspond to the vibrating plate model.
The given data for the orthotropic material are D2 = Dk = D1/2; m2 = 0,30.
In the rst row the natural frequencies of the bare plate (m0/mp = 0) are shown.
It is appreciated that when the relative rigidity of the spring is small (K0 = 0.1, 1, 10), the rst frequency
coecient X1, practically coincides with the frequency of the one degree spring-mass system, with a negligible inuence of the plate on it (see Fig. 4) (Rossit and Laura, 2001).
Table 3
q
Natural frequency coecients Xi xi a2 Dqh1 of a simply supported square orthotropic plate carrying an elastically mounted mass m0 at
its center
m0/mp
K0
X0
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
X6
19.9844
43.4711
51.1889
79.5101
79.9377
101.085
0.1
0.1
1
10
50
100
500
1
1.0000
3.1623
10.000
22.362
31.623
70.711
1
0.99945
3.14369
9.34828
14.9875
15.9575
16.6265
16.7745
19.9945
20.0866
21.2070
28.6235
36.4461
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
57.0144
65.9014
79.5126
79.5352
79.7626
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
80.7871
82.0685
88.7714
93.2890
0.3
0.1
1
10
50
100
500
1
0.5774
1.8257
5.7735
12.9099
18.2574
40.825
1
0.57706
1.81519
5.44529
9.78889
11.2604
12.7489
13.1483
19.9944
20.0849
21.0208
25.3325
29.9570
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
45.4202
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
56.6778
79.5126
79.5352
79.7600
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
80.7245
81.8386
87.0718
91.5425
0.5
0.1
1
10
50
100
500
1
0.4472
1.4142
4.4721
10.000
14.142
31.623
1
0.44699
1.40606
4.22424
7.73974
9.08490
10.6575
11.1330
19.9944
20.0846
20.9896
24.8233
28.7855
42.5048
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
53.6720
79.5126
79.5352
79.7595
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
80.7126
81.7971
86.7673
91.1510
0.1
1
10
50
100
500
1
0.3162
1.0000
3.1623
7.0711
10.000
22.361
1
0.31607
0.99423
2.99020
5.55105
6.61544
8.02094
8.50187
19.9944
20.0843
20.9672
24.4777
27.9697
40.2202
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
51.0384
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
51.1889
79.5126
79.5352
79.7591
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
80.7039
81.7669
86.5478
90.8507
4124
Table 4
q
x0 = 3/4, y0 = 1/2
m0/mp
K0
X0
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
X6
19.9844
43.4711
51.1889
79.5101
79.9377
101.085
0.1
0.1
1
10
50
100
500
1
1.0000
3.1623
10.000
22.362
31.623
70.711
1
0.99965
3.14979
9.56247
16.2611
17.3370
17.9548
18.0771
19.9894
20.0355
20.6036
25.4927
31.1552
40.7088
43.1087
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
51.1928
51.2281
51.5901
53.3907
55.9506
68.5418
73.7628
79.5113
79.5227
79.6376
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
80.1829
80.9413
87.4183
94.3297
0.3
0.1
1
10
50
100
500
1
0.5774
1.8257
5.7735
12.9099
18.2574
40.825
1
0.57715
1.81863
5.54917
10.5703
12.5454
14.5845
15.0948
19.9894
20.0347
20.5033
22.7689
25.3712
32.9244
36.0948
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
51.1928
51.2280
51.5800
53.1368
55.0030
63.8345
70.5355
79.5113
79.5226
79.6362
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
80.1829
80.9413
87.4183
94.3297
0.5
0.1
1
10
50
100
500
1
0.4472
1.4142
4.4721
10.000
14.142
31.623
1
0.44710
1.40872
4.30202
8.31794
10.1016
12.3840
13.0816
19.9894
20.0345
20.4868
22.4348
24.4900
30.7700
34.5129
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
51.1928
51.2280
51.5781
53.0923
54.8500
62.9139
69.6126
79.5113
79.5226
79.6360
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
80.1410
80.7687
84.8127
91.0271
0.1
1
10
50
100
500
1
0.3162
1.0000
3.1623
7.0711
10.000
22.361
1
0.31623
0.99614
3.04383
5.94236
7.32758
9.40840
10.1853
19.9894
20.0344
20.4751
22.2217
23.9308
29.1426
32.5952
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
43.4711
51.1928
51.2280
51.5766
53.0602
54.7418
62.2516
43.4711
79.5113
79.5226
79.6358
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
79.9377
80.1361
80.7499
84.5655
90.5299
The remaining ve values show the frequency coecients of the continuous system modied by the presence of the spring-mass system (obviously this happens if the spring-mass system is not located at a nodal
line).
For higher values of K0, the frequency coecient of the discrete system is strongly modied by the inuence of the plate.
In Fig. 4 the inuence of the relative rigidity of the spring K0 on the frequency coecients X0 and X1 is
shown for two mass relations m0/mp = 0.10 and 0.50. As it is mentioned above, it can be appreciated that
both frequencies are practically the same for small values of K0. In case (a) the dierence between X0 and X1
cannot be appreciated for K0 6 10, gradually increases from K0 = 10 to 100 and increases rapidly when K0
exceeds 100.
The eect of the springs rigidity on higher frequencies of the vibrating system is shown in Fig. 5. In Fig.
6 the inuence of the magnitude of the mass on the frequency coecients is shown for dierent values of K0
(x0 = y0 = 1/2).
Table 6 presents the natural frequency coecients of a simply supported orthotropic plate of aspect ratio
k = 3/2, with the spring-mass system located at two dierent positions (x0 = y0 = 1/2 and x0 = y0 = 4/5).
Some of these cases (x0 = y0 = 4/5; m0/mp = 0.10; K0 = 10; K0 ! 1) have been obtained by the present
4125
Table 5
q
x0 = 3/4, y0 = 3/4
m0/mp
K0
X0
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
X6
19.9844
43.4711
51.1889
79.5101
79.9377
101.085
0.1
0.1
1
10
50
100
500
1
1.0000
3.1623
10.000
22.362
31.623
70.711
1
0.99975
3.15289
9.67813
17.2567
18.3459
18.8333
18.9187
19.9869
20.0100
20.2962
23.6480
28.5445
36.1346
37.8830
43.4734
43.4941
43.7031
44.6333
45.6393
47.7737
48.3689
51.1909
51.2085
51.3934
52.4059
54.0705
63.5411
68.6773
79.5107
79.5160
79.5487
79.5487
79.5884
79.5954
79.5973
79.9402
79.9631
80.2164
81.5323
83.3503
94.3552
98.6023
0.3
0.1
1
10
50
100
500
1
0.5774
1.8257
5.7735
12.9099
18.2574
40.825
1
0.57723
1.82038
5.60395
11.0826
13.5280
16.1119
16.6843
19.9869
20.0095
20.2440
21.4293
22.9796
28.3091
31.2410
43.4734
43.4940
43.6952
44.4693
45.1775
46.8083
47.4658
51.1909
51.2085
51.3882
52.2496
53.3983
59.4087
64.5803
79.5107
79.5160
79.5484
79.5802
79.5876
79.5944
79.5963
79.9402
79.9631
80.2134
81.4493
83.0210
91.8893
97.6492
0.5
0.1
1
10
50
100
500
1
0.4472
1.4142
4.4721
10.000
14.142
31.623
1
0.44710
1.41007
4.34290
8.67811
10.8270
13.8524
14.7768
19.9869
20.0095
20.2355
21.2276
22.3406
26.2137
28.8295
43.4734
43.4940
43.6937
44.4415
45.1040
46.6216
47.2650
51.1909
51.2085
51.3871
52.2228
53.2949
58.6783
63.5974
79.5107
79.5160
79.5484
79.5801
79.5874
79.5942
79.5961
79.9402
79.9631
80.2128
81.4336
82.9618
91.3992
97.3864
0.1
1
10
50
100
500
1
0.3162
1.0000
3.1623
7.0711
10.000
22.361
1
0.31622
0.99709
3.07195
6.17795
7.80615
10.5514
11.6730
19.9869
20.0094
20.2295
21.1058
21.9804
24.8171
26.9028
43.4734
43.4940
43.6926
44.4216
45.0523
46.4865
47.1138
51.1909
51.2085
51.3864
52.2035
53.2227
58.1674
62.8425
79.5107
79.5160
79.5483
79.5800
79.5873
79.5941
79.5959
79.9402
79.9631
80.2123
81.4221
82.9187
91.0389
97.1688
i
70
(a)
60
80
50
40
60
30
40
20
0
1
20
10
0
0.1
(b)
100
10
100
K0
0.1
10
100
1000
K0
Fig. 4. The eect of the rigidity of the spring on the frequency coecients X0 and X1: (a) m0/mp = 0.10 and (b) m0/mp = 0.50.
approach and by the nite element method proposed by Rossi (1997). The results agreement is
excellent.
4126
i
(b)
(a)
60
60
50
50
40
40
30
30
20
20
10
10
0.1
10
100
1000
10000
K0
0.1
10
100
1000
10000
K0
Fig. 5. The eect of the rigidity of the spring on the frequency coecients X2, X3 and X4: (a) m0/mp = 0.10 and (b) m0/mp = 0.50.
W2
W1
K0>
17.5
K0=500
40
15
12.5
10
7.5
K0=10
K0=100
30
K0>
K0=500
K0=100
K0=10
20
K0=1
10
2.5
K0=1
0.25
0.5
0.75
m0 /mp
1
W3
1.25
0.25
0.5
0.75
1.25
1.5
W4
K0>
52
m0 /mp
1.5
65
50
62.5
48
60
K0=500
K0>
57.5
46
55
K0=100
44
K0=500
52.5
42
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.2
1.4
m0 /mp
K0=100
50
m0 /mp
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.2
1.4
Fig. 6. The eect of the magnitude of the concentrated mass on the rst four frequency coecients.
Similar tables are presented for the clamped plate. Tables 7 and 8 contain the rst four natural frequency
coecients of clamped orthotropic plates with the spring-mass system located at x0 = y0 = 1/2 and
x0 = y0 = 4/5.
Comparing Tables 3 and 7, one can see the eect of the higher rigidity of the clamped plate in the coefcient X1, for two values of K0 (1, 10).
In Tables 9 and 10; the results of a simply supported orthotropic plate with a rectangular hole carrying
an elastically mounted mass, see Fig. 2, are presented.
4127
Table 6
q
First four natural frequency coecients Xi xi a2 Dqh1 of a simply supported rectangular orthotropic plate carrying an elastically
mounted mass m0; k = 3/2 (see Fig. 5)
x0
y0
m0/mp
K0
X1
X2
X3
X4
0.5
0.5
0.1
1
10
1
1
10
1
4.716
14.037
25.367
2.723
8.174
19.871
30.381
32.041
63.910
30.379
31.769
63.910
63.910
63.910
79.510
63.910
63.910
79.510
79.510
79.510
96.572
79.510
79.510
83.668
1
10
4.734
14.673
14.672a
29.438
29.438a
2.733
8.484
27.479
30.247
30.453
30.453a
58.229
58.212a
30.247
30.415
47.346
63.932
64.135
64.138a
74.697
74.684a
63.932
64.127
71.301
79.528
79.691
79.695a
99.278
99.202a
79.528
79.687
91.730
0.3
0.8
0.8
0.1
1
0.3
1
10
1
These results were obtained using the nite element method (Rossi, 1997).
Table 7
q
First four natural frequency coecients Xi xi a2 Dqh1 of a clamped square orthotropic plate carrying an elastically mounted mass m0,
located at x0, y0
x0
y0
m0/mp
K0
X1
X2
X3
X4
0.5
0.5
0.1
1
10
1
1
10
1
3.1522
9.6741
26.199
1.8206
5.5940
19.284
33.632
34.474
61.558
33.631
34.422
61.558
61.558
61.558
73.592
61.558
61.558
73.592
73.592
73.592
65.881
73.592
73.592
76.523
1
10
1
1
10
3.1603
9.9124
33.180
1.8242
5.723
5.723a
31.789
33.547
33.572
56.952
33.546
33.571
33.574a
43.645
61.564
61.618
69.106
61.564
61.617
61.626a
65.477
73.597
73.645
84.212
73.597
73.645
73.652a
78.629
0.3
0.8
0.8
0.1
0.3
1
a
Finite element method results.
valos et al. (1999) is shown, when it is available, in Table

The comparison with the results obtained by A
9.
Table 10 presents results of the rst four natural frequencies of the plate of Fig. 2a.
The mass position is x0 = y0 = 4/5. In the case of m0/mp = 0.10 and K0 = 10, the results have been obtained using both methods, the proposed approach and the nite element method. As it is shown the agreement is quite good.
The last vibrating model that is analyzed in the present study corresponds to the vibrating plate shown in
Fig. 3. The plate has a rectangular patch made of another material and the spring-mass system is located at
the center of the patch.
4128
Table 8
q
First four natural frequency coecients Xi xi a2 Dqh1 of a clamped rectangular orthotropic plate carrying an elastically mounted mass
m0, located at x0, y0; k = 3/2
x0
y0
m0/mp
K0
X1
X2
X3
X4
0.5
0.5
0.1
1
10
1
1
10
1
4.7290
14.523
39.874
2.7301
8.3972
29.318
51.208
52.447
90.548
51.207
52.372
90.548
90.548
90.548
114.81
90.548
90.548
112.91
114.81
114.81
125.78
114.81
114.81
114.81
1
10
4.7392
14.870
14.868a
50.517
2.7364
8.5861
48.329
51.082
51.121
51.124a
84.387
51.082
51.118
65.691
90.556
90.637
90.645a
105.94
90.556
90.636
97.584
114.82
114.88
114.89a
127.62
114.82
114.88
121.21
0.3
0.8
0.8
0.1
1
1
10
1
0.3
Table 9
q
First two natural frequency coecients Xi xi a2 Dqh1 of a simply supported square orthotropic plate with a square hole carrying an
elastically mounted mass m0. Comparison results (see Fig. 2a)
Hole
Sprig-mass system
X1
X2
x1 = y1
x2 = y2
x0 = y0
m0/mp
K0/k
Present study
valos et al. (1999)

A
Present study
valos et al. (1999)

A
0.2
0.3
0.75
0.1
1
10
100
1
1
10
100
1
3.1528
9.6766
18.292
18.855
1.8203
5.6033
13.510
16.637
3.152
9.676
18.83
1.820
5.602
16.50
19.938
20.225
28.508
37.843
19.938
20.172
22.913
31.176
19.93
20.22
37.44
19.93
20.17
30.37
1
10
100
1
1
10
100
1
3.1527
9.6681
17.870
18.365
1.8202
5.6000
13.387
16.276
3.152
9.668
18.34
1.820
5.600
16.15
19.395
19.690
28.432
38.220
19.394
19.633
22.501
31.186
19.39
19.68
37.79
19.39
19.63
30.34
0.3
0.1
0.4
0.75
0.1
0.3
The patch may be a strengthened zone of the plate or a repaired portion, and its elastic properties are
supposed to have orthotropic characteristics (Ercoli et al., 1992; Felix et al., 2003).
The natural compatibility conditions at the joints are not satised, but this is legitimate when using the
Rayleigh methodology, since it requires the satisfaction only of the essential boundary conditions.
The essential boundary conditions at the joints are satised by the beam functions adopted in this approach (Tables 11 and 12).
In Tables 1320 the eects of replacing a rectangular portion of an isotropic plate with a patch made of
an orthotropic material are studied.
4129
Table 10
q
First four natural frequency coecients Xi xi a2 Dqh1 of a simply supported rectangular orthotropic plate with a rectangular hole and
a spring-mass system; k = 3/2
Hole
Spring-mass system
x1 = y1
x2 = y2
x0 = y0
m0/mp
K0
0.1
0.4
0.8
0.1
1
10
0.3
1
1
10
1
X1
X2
X3
X4
4.7336
14.667
14.665a
28.540
2.733
8.482
26.745
29.294
29.505
29.425a
58.568
29.294
29.463
47.274
63.770
63.931
63.783a
72.834
63.770
63.924
69.228
80.380
80.666
80.509a
106.54
80.380
80.658
99.467
Table 11
q
First four natural frequency coecients Xi xi a2 Dqh1 of a clamped square orthotropic plate with a square hole and a spring-mass
system
Hole
Spring-mass system
x1 = y1
x2 = y2
x0 = y0
m0/mp
K0
0.1
0.4
0.8
0.1
1
10
1
1
1
10
1
0.3
X1
X2
X3
X4
3.1602
9.9123
1.8245
5.723
5.723a
32.414
32.438
32.097
32.414
32.437
32.229a
30.943
61.320
61.367
56.909
61.320
61.366
61.122a
43.240
74.412
74.496
67.949
74.412
74.493
74.121a
64.508
Table 12
q
First four natural frequency coecients Xi xi a2 Dqh1 of a clamped rectangular orthotropic plate with a rectangular hole and a springmass system; k = 3/2 (Fig. 2b)
Hole
Spring-mass system
x1 = y1
x2 = y2
x0 = y0
m0/mp
K0
0.1
0.4
0.5
0.1
1
10
0.3
1
1
10
1
X1
X2
X3
X4
4.7392
14.870
14.868a
2.7361
8.5863
49.328
49.364
49.032a
48.843
49.328
49.361
47.046
90.011
90.087
89.705a
84.060
90.011
90.085
64.994
115.99
116.11
115.54a
104.22
115.99
116.11
96.258
The given data for the patch are assumed take:

(A) h0 = h; q0 = 1.5q; m2 = 0.30; D1 = D; D2 = 2.8D; Dk = 0.30D.
4130
Table 13
q
of a simply supported isotropic plate with an orthotropic patch carrying an
First four natural frequency coecients Xi xi a2 qh
D
elastically mounted mass m0 103 mp at its center; k = 3/2
K0
X2
X3
X4
X1
2.7259
2.7307
2.7283
32.191
33.681
30.267
61.708
61.473
62.892
98.701
104.630
94.109
(a)
(b)
(c)
10
8.2645
8.4043
8.3210
33.253
34.395
31.192
61.919
61.612
63.028
98.838
104.680
94.203
(a)
(b)
(c)
20
11.1520
11.5210
11.2900
34.469
35.237
32.296
62.166
61.775
63.188
98.979
104.730
94.309
(a)
(b)
(c)
50
15.4300
16.5530
15.7500
38.071
37.947
35.836
62.983
62.320
63.720
99.398
104.870
94.641
(a)
(b)
(c)
x1 = y1 = 0.2; x2 = y2 = 0.6; x0 = y0 = 0.4

(a) Solid isotropic plate; (b) plate with an orthotropic patch made of material (A); (c) plate with an orthotropic patch made of material
(B).
Table 14
q
of a simply supported rectangular isotropic plate with an orthotropic patch
D
carrying an elastically mounted mass m0 12 mp at its center; k = 3/2
K0
X2
X3
X4
2.1116
2.1151
2.1132
32.191
33.680
30.267
61.708
61.473
62.891
98.710
104.630
94.109
(a)
(b)
(c)
10
6.4080
6.5139
6.4524
33.222
34.375
31.160
61.917
61.610
63.027
98.837
104.68
94.203
(a)
(b)
(c)
20
8.6701
8.9460
8.7796
34.351
35.157
32.172
62.158
61.769
63.183
98.978
104.73
94.308
(a)
(b)
(c)
37.513
37.502
35.192
62.930
62.284
63.686
99.387
104.86
94.632
(a)
(b)
(c)
50
X1
12.143
12.983
12.431
x1 = y1 = 0.2; x2 = y2 = 0.6; x0 = y0 = 0.4

(B).
(B) h0 = h; q0 = 1.5q; m2 = 0.84; D1 = 2.8D; D2 = D; Dk = 0.80D.

Tables 1316 correspond to the simply supported plate, see Fig. 3a and Tables 1720 to clamped plates,
Fig. 3b.
4131
Table 15
q
D
carrying an elastically mounted mass m0 45 mp at its center; k = 3/2
K0
X2
X3
X4
X1
1.6694
1.6724
1.6706
32.190
33.680
30.266
61.707
61.473
62.891
98.710
104.63
94.109
(a)
(b)
(c)
10
5.0687
5.1515
5.1040
33.204
34.364
31.143
61.916
61.610
63.026
98.837
104.68
94.202
(a)
(b)
(c)
20
6.8673
7.0813
6.9552
34.288
35.115
32.107
62.154
61.767
63.180
98.977
104.73
94.307
(a)
(b)
(c)
50
9.6789
10.329
9.9220
37.229
37.281
34.872
62.902
62.264
63.668
99.382
104.86
94.627
(a)
(b)
(c)
x1 = y1 = 0.2; x2 = y2 = 0.6; x0 = y0 = 0.4

(B).
Table 16
q
D
carrying an elastically mounted mass m0 = mp, at its center; k = 3/2
K0
X1
X2
X3
X4
1.4933
1.4956
1.4943
32.190
33.680
30.266
61.707
61.473
62.891
98.710
104.63
94.109
(a)
(b)
(c)
10
4.5344
4.6081
4.5660
33.199
34.360
31.137
61.916
61.610
63.026
98.837
104.68
94.202
(a)
(b)
(c)
20
6.1460
6.3362
6.2251
34.268
35.101
32.087
62.152
61.766
63.179
98.976
104.73
94.307
(a)
(b)
(c)
50
8.6797
9.2572
8.9012
37.138
37.212
34.772
62.893
62.258
63.662
99.380
104.86
94.625
(a)
(b)
(c)
x1 = y1 = 0.2; x2 = y2 = 0.6; x0 = y0 = 0.4

(B).
The rst frequency coecients correspond to the spring-mass system modied by the presence of the
plate. The values of the subsequent frequencies, show the inuence of the orthotropic patch and the
spring-mass system upon the original structural element.
All the calculations have been performed with M = N = 20. A brief study of convergence is added in
Table 21.
4132
Table 17
q
of a clamped rectangular isotropic plate with an orthotropic patch carrying an
D
K0
X2
X3
X4
X1
2.7331
2.7354
2.7340
60.841
61.524
55.830
93.859
93.190
95.136
148.79
144.92
139.55
(a)
(b)
(c)
10
8.4838
8.5456
8.5152
61.560
62.017
56.468
94.090
93.330
95.271
148.92
144.96
139.65
(a)
(b)
(c)
20
11.756
11.925
11.840
62.346
62.566
57.183
94.354
93.491
95.424
149.04
145.01
139.77
(a)
(b)
(c)
50
17.527
18.117
17.798
64.603
64.216
59.350
95.184
94.002
95.909
149.23
145.15
140.12
(a)
(b)
(c)
x1 = y1 = 0.2; x2 = y2 = 0.6; x0 = y0 = 0.4

(B).
Table 18
q
D
K0
X2
X3
X4
2.1172
2.1189
2.1177
60.841
61.524
55.830
93.859
93.190
95.136
148.79
144.92
139.55
(a)
(b)
(c)
10
6.5723
6.6200
6.5967
61.554
62.013
56.461
94.090
93.330
95.270
148.92
144.96
139.65
(a)
(b)
(c)
20
9.1107
9.2400
9.1757
62.322
62.550
57.157
94.350
93.489
95.422
149.04
145.01
139.77
(a)
(b)
(c)
64.477
64.120
59.201
95.161
93.987
95.895
149.23
145.15
140.11
(a)
(b)
(c)
50
X1
13.608
14.057
13.824
x1 = y1 = 0.2; x2 = y2 = 0.6; x0 = y0 = 0.4

(B).
4. Conclusion
As a general conclusion one may say that the RayleighRitz method, using beam functions provides an
accurate and convenient procedure to attack problems of thin rectangular plates with a great variety of
4133
Table 19
q
D
K0
X2
X3
X4
1.6740
1.6755
1.6748
60.841
61.524
55.830
93.859
93.190
95.136
148.79
144.92
139.55
(a)
(b)
(c)
10
5.1961
5.2337
5.2156
61.550
62.010
56.457
94.089
93.330
95.270
148.92
144.96
139.65
(a)
(b)
(c)
20
7.2045
7.3060
7.2560
62.309
62.541
57.143
94.348
93.488
95.421
149.04
145.01
139.77
(a)
(b)
(c)
64.409
64.068
59.122
95.148
94.979
95.888
149.23
145.15
140.11
(a)
(b)
(c)
50
X1
10.771
11.123
10.944
x1 = y1 = 0.2; x2 = y2 = 0.6; x0 = y0 = 0.4

(B).
Table 20
q
D
elastically mounted mass m0 = mp, at its center; k = 3/2
K0
X1
X2
X3
X4
1.4975
1.4983
1.4975
60.841
61.524
55.830
93.859
93.190
95.136
148.79
144.92
139.55
(a)
(b)
(c)
10
4.6478
4.6813
4.6650
61.549
62.010
56.456
94.089
93.330
95.270
148.92
144.96
139.65
(a)
(b)
(c)
20
6.4443
6.5351
6.4905
62.305
62.538
57.138
94.348
93.487
95.420
149.04
145.01
139.77
(a)
(b)
(c)
50
9.6380
9.9523
9.7936
64.386
64.051
59.097
95.144
93.976
95.885
149.23
145.15
140.11
(a)
(b)
(c)
x1 = y1 = 0.2; x2 = y2 = 0.6; x0 = y0 = 0.4

(B).
structural and mechanical complexities like for the present situation where doubly connected domain and
non-uniform material characteristics are present.
4134
Table 21
Study of convergence for the frequency coecients of a simply supported square orthotropic plate with a square hole (x1 = y1 = 0.1,
x2 = y2 = 0.4) and carrying an elastically mounted mass m0 = 0.3, at x0 = y0 = 0.75; D2 = Dk = D1/2
K0
M=N
X2
X3
X4
3
5
10
15
20
1.8207
1.8207
1.8204
1.8202
1.8202
19.9551
19.7622
19.4841
19.4234
19.3940
44.3012
44.1316
43.5439
43.3895
43.3298
53.0510
52.7812
52.0999
51.9542
51.8971
100
3
5
10
15
20
13.5807
13.5146
13.4125
13.3944
13.3874
23.2751
23.0341
22.6170
22.5370
22.5013
45.2689
45.1320
44.6187
44.4641
44.4064
56.9480
56.5909
55.7144
55.5511
55.4881
3
5
10
15
20
16.6444
16.5118
16.3297
16.2923
16.2756
32.8855
32.4073
31.4098
31.2473
31.1858
46.8197
46.6810
46.2019
46.0474
45.9874
75.5613
74.6866
72.4264
72.0217
71.8855
X1
Acknowledgments
The present study has been sponsored by CONICET Research and Development Program and by Secretara General de Ciencia y Tecnologa of Universidad Nacional del Sur.
The authors are indebted to Professor Emeritus P.A.A. Laura for his valuable suggestions and denition
of the area of research.
The authors are also deeply indebted to the unknown referee for his extremely careful, study analysis and
insight into the problem which has allowed them to improve and correct considerably the paper. They are
also grateful to Professor Ch. Steele for his patience and understanding.
References
valos, D.R., Larrondo, H.A., Laura, P.A.A., 1993. Vibrations of a simply supported rectangular plate carrying an elastically
A
mounted concentrated mass. Ocean Engineering 20 (2), 195205.
valos, D.R., Larrondo, H.A., Laura, P.A.A., Rossi, R.E., 1997. Transverse vibrations of simply supported rectangular plates with
A
rectangular cutouts carrying an elastically mounted concentrated mass. Journal of Sound and Vibration 202 (4), 585592.
valos, D.R., Larrondo, H.A., Laura, P.A.A., 1999. Transverse vibrations of simply supported orthotropic rectangular plates with
A
rectangular and circular cut-outs carrying an elastically mounted concentrated mass. Structural Engineering and Mechanics 7 (5),
503512.
Ercoli, L., Sonzogni, V.E., Idelsohn, S.R., Laura, P.A.A., 1992. Transverse vibrations of an isotropic simply supported plate with and
orthotropic inclusion. Journal of Sound and Vibration 153 (2), 217221.
Felix, D.H., Bambill, D.V., Rossit, C.A., Rossi, R.E., Laura, P.A.A., 2003. Natural frequencies of a vibrating repaired panel in an
ocean structure. Ocean Engineering 30, 955963.
valos, D.R., Laura, P.A.A., 1998. Transverse vibrations of simply supported anisotropic rectangular plates carrying
Larrondo, H.A., A
an elastically mounted concentrated mass. Journal of Sound and Vibration 215 (5), 11951202.
Laura, P.A.A., Susemihl, E.A., Pombo, J.L., Luisoni, L.E., Gelos, R., 1977. On the dynamic behaviour of structural elements carrying
elastically mounted concentrated masses. Applied Acoustics 10, 121145.
Lekhnitskii, S.G., 1968. Anisotropic Plates. Gordon and Breach, New York, NY.
4135
Rossi, R.E., 1997. A note on a nite element for vibrating thin orthotropic rectangular plates. Journal of Sound and Vibrations 208 (5),
864868.
valos, D.R., Larrondo, H.A., 1993. Free vibrations of Timoshenko beams carrying elastically mounted,
Rossi, R.E., Laura, P.A.A., A
concentrated masses. Journal of Sound and Vibrations 165 (2), 209223.
Rossit, C.A., Laura, P.A.A., 2001. Free vibrations of a cantilever beam with a spring-mass system attached to the free end. Ocean
Engineering 28, 933939.

1 s2.0 S0020768305001642 Main

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

1 s2.0 S0020768305001642 Main

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

International Journal of Solids and Structures 43 (2006) 41164135

Natural frequencies of thin, rectangular plates with holes

, D.H. Felix a, C.A. Rossit

2. Approximate analytical solution

and the aspect ratio of the plate:

where the k 0s are the roots of the transcendental equation

The sub-matrix U coecients are:

These matrix coecients correspond to the plate with no concentrated mass.

Finite element method results.

valos et al. (1999) is shown, when it is available, in Table

Finite element method results.

valos et al. (1999)

valos et al. (1999)

Finite element method results.

Finite element method results.

Finite element method results.

The given data for the patch are assumed take:

x1 = y1 = 0.2; x2 = y2 = 0.6; x0 = y0 = 0.4

x1 = y1 = 0.2; x2 = y2 = 0.6; x0 = y0 = 0.4

(B) h0 = h; q0 = 1.5q; m2 = 0.84; D1 = 2.8D; D2 = D; Dk = 0.80D.

x1 = y1 = 0.2; x2 = y2 = 0.6; x0 = y0 = 0.4

x1 = y1 = 0.2; x2 = y2 = 0.6; x0 = y0 = 0.4

x1 = y1 = 0.2; x2 = y2 = 0.6; x0 = y0 = 0.4

x1 = y1 = 0.2; x2 = y2 = 0.6; x0 = y0 = 0.4

x1 = y1 = 0.2; x2 = y2 = 0.6; x0 = y0 = 0.4

x1 = y1 = 0.2; x2 = y2 = 0.6; x0 = y0 = 0.4

You might also like