Quick Prototyping of Real Time Monitoring System Using Proteus Development Tool: a Case for Self Diagnostic Traffic

Light System
1

Mbonu ekene Samuel, 2 Okwu Patrick Ikechukwu, 3Ezekwe Chinwe Genevra, 4 !uzie "chechukwu Chiemezuwo Electronics Development Institute, Awka National agency for Science an Engineering Infrastructure !NASENI" mbo#eke#$am%&ahoo'com, okwu(i%)mail'com, norakin)chi%&ahoo'com, a!uzia$o*tbiz%&ahoo'com
1, 2, 3, 4

!stract "n this paper# a self $iagnostic system for maintenance of traffic light system is $evelope$% The &uality of light pro$uce$ !y the light emitting element of traffic light system at remote site is monitore$ via graphical user interface '(U")% The remote system*s status report o!taine$ from the (U" helps the maintenance operator's) to change or repair the traffic light hea$ at appropriate time% The remote site consists of a prototype T+ ,unction traffic light# controlle$ !y an intelligent processor 'microcontroller) -hich also monitors an$ $iagnoses fault's) in the system an$ alerts the central server via (SM mo$em interface$ to it% The microcontroller emulates the attention ' T) comman$ of the mo$em an$ uses it to sen$ fault alert in form of short message service 'SMS) to the host server% The server has (SM receiver interface to it through a smart level converter 'ma. /0/)% The tools use$ in the $evelopment of the prototype T+1unction traffic light inclu$e proteus 2irtual Simulation Mo$ule Soft-are Development 3it '2SMSD3) use$ to $evelop the (U" an$ the host server# macro integrate$ $evelopment environment'M"D4) use$ to e$it an$ assem!ly the soft-are program% 5ellon programmer -as use$ to transfer the assem!le$ program to the microcontroller chip% The results sho-e$ that proteus professional# though primarily a virtual $evelopment tool can also !e use$ for real time $evelopment of a prototype em!e$$e$ system# re$ucing $esign+market time% 3ey5or$s: 6self $iagnostic# graphical user interface# proteus 2SM# real time $evelopment# prototype em!e$$e$ system%7 I# IN$%&D'($I&N

$)e wor (rotot&(e comes from t)e *atin wor s (roto, meaning ori)inal, an t&(u$, meaning *orm or mo+el# In a non+tec)nical conte,t, a prototype is an especially representative e,ample of a given category# In software evelopment, a prototype is a ru imentary working mo el of a pro uct or information system, usually -uilt for emonstration purposes or as part of t)e evelopment process# In t)e systems evelopment life cycle !SD*(" prototyping mo el, a -asic version of t)e system is -uilt, teste , an t)en reworke as necessary until an accepta-le prototype is finally ac)ieve from w)ic) t)e complete system or pro uct can now -e evelope # In prototype+-ase programming, a prototype is an original o-.ect/ new o-.ects are create -y copying t)e prototype# In )ar ware esign, a prototype is a 0)an +-uilt0 mo el t)at represents a manufacture !easily replica-le" pro uct sufficiently for esigners to visuali1e an test t)e esign 2134# $)e term 5maintenance6 means to keep t)e e7uipment in operational con ition or repair it to its operational mo e# 8aintenance )as ma.orly -een applie in pro uction system w)ere t)e main o-.ective is to )ave increase availa-ility of pro uction systems, wit) increase safety an optimi1e cost 214# Accor ing to 214, t)e maintenance strategies t)at are commonly applie in plants inclu e -reak own maintenance, preventive or sc)e ule maintenance, pre ictive or con ition -ase maintenance, opportunity maintenance an esign out maintenance# $)e e7uipment un er -reak own maintenance is allowe to run until it -reaks own -efore repairing it# $)is strategy is suita-le for e7uipments t)at are not critical an )ave spare capacity or re un ancy availa-le# In pre ictive maintenance, t)e con ition of t)e system is monitore # (on ition monitoring !(8" etects an iagnoses faults an it )elps in planne maintenance

-ase on e7uipment con ition# $)is con ition -ase maintenance strategy or pre ictive maintenance is preferre for critical systems an for suc) systems, -reak own maintenance is to -e avoi e # A num-er of (8 tec)ni7ues suc) as vi-ration, temperature, oil analysis, etc#, )ave -een evelope , w)ic) gui e t)e users in planne maintenance 214# None of t)ese tec)ni7ues can -e applie irectly to traffic lig)t system w)ose failure can -e as critical as pro uction plant since it can lea to loss of life, .o-, even property# 9ust imagine a fire fig)ter s7ua -eing trappe in a traffic )ol up as a result of traffic lig)t malfunction or failure# 8aintenance culture )as -een very poor wit) respect to traffic lig)t system, evi ence -y lack of or scanty pu-lications an conference procee ings on t)e su-.ect matter# $)is paper t)erefore seeks to evelop a self iagnostic system t)at will monitor t)e state of traffic lig)t system an sen situation report to maintenance operators# $raffic lig)t )ea is use as a case stu y Self+ iagnosis, a term tra itionally use in me ical science to mean t)e process of iagnosing or i entifying me ical con itions in oneself, )as in recent years -een applie in science an engineering for fault i entification an correction# Aut)ors of 234 evelope low )ar ware over)ea self+ iagnosis tec)ni7ue using ree +solomon co es for self+ repairing c)ips# $)e circuit un er +ia)no$i$ is assume to -e compose of a large num-er of fiel repaira-le units !:%'s", w)ic) can -e replace wit) spares w)en t)ey are foun to -e efective# 9en+ ()ie) ;e) et al in 244 propose a systematic approac) in testing flas) memories# inclu ing t)e evelopment of marc)+like test algorit)ms, cost+ effective fault +ia)no$i$ met)o ology, an -uilt+in $el*+test !<IS$" sc)eme# A novel generali1e + comparison+-ase $el*++ia)no$i$ algorit)m for multiprocessor an multicomputer systems using a multilayere neural network is escri-e -y 2=4# $)e aut)ors consi ere t)e system+level $el*++ia)no$i$ of multiprocessor an multicomputer systems un er t)e generali1e comparison mo el !>(8"# In t)is +ia)no$i$ mo el, a set of tasks is assigne to pairs of no es an t)eir outcomes are compare -y neig)-oring no es# $)e collections of all comparison outcomes, agreements an isagreements among t)e no es, are use to i entify t)e set of faulty no es# In t)is work, t)e comparison+self approac) propose -y 2=4 is applie in traffic lig)t control system# Specific tasks are assigne to sensor no es t)at monitor t)e

state of traffic lamp )ea s# An Intelligent controller in return evaluates t)e state of eac) lamp )ea -y comparing t)e real outputs of t)e sensor no es wit) t)e e,pecte outputs store in t)e ata -ase resi ing in t)e memory of t)e controller# ?ow (roteu$ (ro*e$$ional, t)oug) primarily a virtual evelopment tool, can -e use for real time evelopment of a prototype monitoring system is s)ow case in t)is work#' II# &verview of Software evelopment tool for em-e e system evelopment

Em-e e system is usually comprise of )ar ware an firmware# $)e firmware is t)e application specific software !ASS" running insi e a microcontroller w)ic) controls t)e )ar ware interface to it# A num-er of software evelopment tools are availa-le for em-e e systems# $)e list inclu es -ut not limite to electronic work -enc), livewire, multism, e ison an eagle 2@4, 2A4 2B4# $)e ma.or raw -ack of t)e mentione tools is t)at none of t)em )as virtual com port w)ic) can -e use to interface e,ternal microcontroller )ar ware for real life simulation an ata ac7uisition# <esi es, t)eir component li-rary is limite w)en it comes to )ig) level intelligent applications !?*IA"# Alt)oug) $INA, also a evelopment tool, )as real time measurement capa-ility, it oes not provi e virtual port for real life em-e e system interface 2C4# Droteus Eirtual Simulation 8o ule !ES8" Software Development Fit !SDF" overcomes t)ese limitations# Droteus is software for microcontroller simulation, sc)ematic capture, an printe circuit -oar !D(<" esign# It is evelope -y *a-center Electronics# :igure 1 s)ows t)e virtual D<C com port w)ic) can -e use to transfer an receive ata serially to an fro an e,ternal microcontroller -ase system w)ile figure 2 s)ows )ow to interface t)e port to a microcontroller# $)e com port can accept -au rates in t)e range of 2433-ps to =A@33-ps#

:igure 1G virtual com port

figure 2G Interfacing com port to microcontroller

Intelligent Agent

Control Program

Data base

Transmitter protocol Managers mobile phone

Embedded API Interface

Embedded API Interface

SMS SMS Cloud Cloud GSM MODEM

:igure 3G conceptual arc)itecture mo el of t)e $raffic monitoring System

"""%

Description of the Self $iagnostic traffic light System

:igure 3 s)ows t)e conceptual arc)itecture mo el of t)e traffic lig)t monitoring system wit) low cost grap)ical user interface# <elow is t)e escription of t)e mo el# $)e traffic lig)t apartment )ouses t)e lamp )ea w)ic) is ma e up of si, ac lamp -ul-s arrange in t)e Nort)+East irection# $)e Nort) irection is compose of t)ree -ul-s !re , am-er green"# Eac) -ul- is )ouse in a separate apartment, see figure 4# $)e East irection is a replica of t)e Nort) irection# Eac) -ul- apartment )as a lig)t sensor em-e e it# $)e intelligent controller )as t)ree ma.or software componentsG control program !(D", intelligent agent !IA" an ata -ase !D<"# $)e control program controls t)e switc)ing pattern of t)e -ul-s# It also put t)e system on )ol if a fault occurs until t)e fault is cleare # $)e ata -ase is a look up ta-le t)at contains t)e input patterns to t)e -ul-s an e,pecte output patterns# $)e intelligent agent takes an input pattern from t)e control program an t)en matc)es t)e real output pattern against t)e e,pecte output pattern an reports -ack any mismatc) or error to t)e control program# $)e IA also uses rule -ase reasoning to i entify fault!s" an t)en prompts an copies t)e fault!s" to transmission su-routine w)ic) uses attention comman !A$" protocol to sen s)ort message service !S8S" fault alert to t)e )ost computer# Em-e e application programming interface !ADI" is use to ac)ieve a S8A%$ interfacing an communication -etween t)e intelligent controller an t)e >S8 mo em# $)e >S8 mo em acts as a ra io fre7uency transmitter w)ic) sen s t)e fault alert to t)e manager !)ost computer" an manager6s mo-ile p)one#

$)e )ost computer contains t)e application program !AD" for grap)ical user interface !>'I" containing t)e virtual mo el !E8" of t)e traffic lig)t system# $)e E8 )as a li7ui crystal isplay !*(D" for virtual isplay of t)e state of t)e system at t)e remote site# H)en a fault occurs, remote site alerts t)e manager via t)e >'I an )is mo-ile station# E8 alarm is also activate # $)e manager upon receiving t)e alert instructs t)e tec)nician to go an rectify t)e faults!s" at t)e remote site# After clearing t)e fault!s", t)e tec)nician or operator resets t)e system ena-ling t)e intelligent controller to sen situation report to t)e manager -efore continuing its operation#

:igure 4G prototype traffic lig)t system

"2%

Technical Solution an$ Pro1ect Details

% "mplementation of traffic light system at remote site%

mac)ines cycles 2124# Now t)e voltage c)arge in an %( circuit is given -y Ec J E !1 K eL+tI%(" 21C4MMMMMM !1" 2134 H)ere %( J time constant t J 2 mac)ines cycles now E J Ecc J =v Ec J voltage across (3 w)ic) is usually less t)an Ecc -ecause of isc)arging action of t)e capacitor t)roug) resistor %1# 8ac)ine cycle J 1Ivalue of crystalI128?1 224 1Imac)ine cycle J 11#3=C2 , 13L@ I 12 , 13L@ J :igure =G t)e sc)ematic esign of t)e traffic lig)t system# :igure = s)ows t)e sc)ematic esign for implementation of t)e traffic lig)t system at remote site an is ma e up of t)e following components# The "ntelligent Controller: Atmel BCc=1 C21#@ F?1 8ac)ine cycle J 1IC21#@ F?1 J 1#3B=Nsec 2mac)iunes J 2 , 1#3B= J 2#1ANs :rom !1" EcIE J 1 K eL+tI%c eL+tI%c J !1 K EcIE" lneL+tI%c J ln !1 K EcIE" c J +tI%!1 K EcIE" *et %1 J 13k, t)en c3 J 13NO, t J 2#1ANs $)e crystal oscillator !P1" provi es operating fre7uency of t)e microcontroller# $)e 11#3=C28?1 value was c)osen so t)at S8A%$ interface -etween

microcontroller is use # It )as 4 inputIoutput ports, 32 inputIoutput pins, serial communication port, 4F- of internal %&8, 12B k- of internal %A8 among ot)er features 2114# Din C is t)e %ESE$ pin# It is an input an is active )ig) !normally low"# 'pon applying a )ig) pulse to t)is pin, t)e microcontroller will reset an terminate all activities# $)is is often referre to as a power on reset# In or er for t)e %ESE$ input to -e effective, it must )ave a minimum uration of 2

t)e controller an stan ar mo ems can -e ac)ieve 2124# (apacitors (1 an (2 provi e sta-ility to t)e crystal uring operation# The relay "nterface "C# UL8/990: t)is is use to ac)ieve a neat an smoot) interface -etween t)e

The fee$!ack 4lement: :igure @ s)ows t)e e,pan e circuit iagram of t)e fee -ack element#

controller an t)e ac relays# 8ore information a-out t)e c)ip can -e gotten from 2144# The traffic :ul!s: 223vac, 43H -ul-s are use as lamp )ea s# $)ey are interface t)roug) t)e relays# (SM mo$em: Alt)oug) t)ere are >S8 mo ems customi1e for em-e e applications, Sagem p)one !8y+P= " was use in t)is work -ecause of its low cost an ot)er a vantages enumerate in 21=4#
:igure @G e,pan e circuit iagram of fee -ack element#

to t)e controllers

It is ma e up of resistors !%2+%A, eac) 13 kilo o)ms" connecte in series wit) a lig)t epen ent resistor !*D%"# $)is arrangement forms a voltage ivi er an t)e output is fe into t)e input of an operational

amplifier !op+amp"# $)e ot)er input of t)e amplifier is reference to 2E# $)e value of t)e *D% on total arkness is a-out 23 kilo o)ms# So t)e input to t)e op amp at total arkness is Eop J !23I !23Q13""R=

J 3#33v# $)is will force t)e op+amp output to )ig)# Now w)en lig)t from t)e traffic lamp )ea falls on t)e *D%, its resistance re uces forcing t)e op amp input to rop -elow 2v t)ere-y making t)e output low# It is t)ese c)anges t)at t)e intelligent agent monitors an makes ecision -ase microcontroller :% ;ault "$entification 4ac) time t)ere is a mismatc) of input pattern an e,pecte output fee -ack pattern, t)e controller sen s sms to t)e )ost computer an also to t)e mo-ile on t)e rule em-e e in t)e

$)e flow c)art t)at implements t)e program control, monitoring an sms alert is s)own in figure C# Note t)at fee -ack is connecte to port1 !D1" an output -ul-s to port 3 !D3" of t)e microcontroller as s)own in figure 3# N is use to represent states, i#e, NJ333 K 33=# D% "mplementation of (raphical User "nterface

p)one of t)e manager# $)e sms contains t)e state co e of t)e pattern in 7uestion, t)e input pattern an real+time fee -ack pattern# $)e )ost computer also )as ata -ase containing t)e vectors of input pattern an e,pecte output fee -ack pattern# :ault :igure AG >'I for $raffic *ig)t 8onitoring :igure A s)ows t)e >'I at t)e )ost computer# It comprises *(D isplay unit, t)e virtual traffic lig)t )ea s, >S8 mo em receiver, -u11er alarm, all interface to intelligent microcontroller# $)e controller receives t)e sms fault alert t)roug) t)e receiver, e,tracts an interprets it an t)en, isplays t)e result on t)e *(D# $)e present state of t)e traffic lig)t )ea s at remote site is replicate -y t)e virtual )ea s# :igure B s)ows t)e flow c)art for fault

i entification is one -y complementing t)e real+time fee -ack pattern an using t)e result to activate t)e virtual traffic lig)t# $)e )ost computer uses t)e input pattern to e,tract t)e e,pecte output result an

isplay it on *(D# $)us, -y rea ing t)e information on t)e *(D an o-serving t)e virtual traffic lig)t, t)e manager can easily i entify t)e fault!s"# C% Soft-are "mplementation

"

iagnosis

at

manager6s

)ost

computer# :igure BG flow c)art for fault computer iagnosis at )ost

$tart

Initiali%e the s&stem

Displa& defa'lt

message

Chec) for sms fa'lt alert

,An& fa'lt alert(

+E$ E*tract the fa'lt message Displa& fa'lt alert on .CD/ on alarm
Displa& the fa'lt on the 0irt'al traffic light abd

,-

Is s&stem reset(

+E$

$tart

Initiali%e the s&stem

$et ,23 $end o'tp't pattern for state , to P3 4ait for appropriate Time/Tn Collect feedb) and chec) for mismatch +E$

Increment ,

An& mismatc h(

,-

P't the s&stem on hold

,-

Is ,2 ( +E$ $et , 2 3

$end sms to manager

,-

5a'lt cleare d(

+E$

:igure CG compresse flow c)art for remote site implementation

E# Test an$ Result#

$)e complete traffic lig)t system was teste an t)e result ta-ulate as s)own in ta-le 1# $a-le 1G summary of test an result
$est &pen an run t)e >'I at )ost computer# E,pecte %esult $)e >'I s)oul isplay 5$raffic lig)t monitoring system6 wit) %e an >reen lig)ts s)owing as epicte in figure A# $)e system s)oul initiali1e an sen sms status report to )ost computer# $)ereafter system s)oul start working accor ing to state transition ta-le 1# $)e system at remote en s)oul sen error report to t)e )ost computer an mo-ile p)one of t)e manager, 5Q234B3@B@33ACB6, an put t)e traffic lig)t on )ol # %esult o-taine $)e >'I isplaye 5$raffic lig)t monitoring system6 after 2 secon s# $)e %e an >reen lig)ts also came on# $)e >'I i receive t)e status report after 13 secon s as s)own in figure 13#$)e system starte working accor ing to ta-le 1# $)e )ost computer an t)e p)one wit) t)e mo-ile num-er 6Q234B3@B@33ACB6 receive sms error report# All t)e traffic lig)ts went off even t)oug) t)ere was still power in t)e system# $)e manager an t)e )ost computer receive sms status report 1= secon s after resetting t)e system at remote site# $)e remote site also starte working normal#

fast em-e e system prototyping# $)ese capa-ilities can -e e,plore # $)e com port an t)e approac) use in t)is work can -e employe in ot)er system evelopment#

%eferencesG
214 224 234

Dower on t)e traffic lig)t control system at t)e remote en #

244

Disena-le %ED -ulin t)e N&%$? irection using simulator switc), SH1#

2=4

2@4

2A4

Deactivate t)e switc) SH1 an reset t)e system at remote site

$)e remote system s)oul sen status report to )ost computer an manager6s mo-ile p)one# $)ereafter, t)e system s)oul start working normal#

2B4 2C4 )ttpGIIwww#tina#comIEnglis)ItinaIrealWtimeWtWm 2134 )ttpGIIsearc)cio+ 2114 2124

Felly, Ant)ony, T8anaging maintenance resourcesU, <utterwort)+?einemann, 233@# (ollacott, %#A#, T8ec)anical fault iagnosisU, ()apman an ?all, 1CAA Piangyu $ang, Seongmoon Hang, TA low )ar ware over)ea self+ iagnosis tec)ni7ue using ree +solomon co es for self+repairing c)ipsU, IEEE $ransactions on (omputers EolumeG =C , IssueG 13, Du-lication ;earG 2313 , Dage!s"G 133C + 131C 9en+()ie) ;e), Fuo+*iang ()eng, ;ung+:a ()ou, ()eng+Hen Hu, T:las) memory testing an -uilt+In self+ iagnosis wit) marc)+like test algorit)msU, computer+ai e esign of integrate circuits an systems, IEEE transactions on EolumeG 2@ , IssueG @ Du-lication ;earG 233A, Dage!s"G 1131 K 1113 El)a ef, 8# , Nayak, A#, TA novel generali1e + comparison+-ase self+ iagnosis algorit)m for multiprocessor an multicomputer systems using a multilayere neural networkU, 2313 IEEE 13t) International (onference, Du-lication ;earG 2313 , Dage!s"G 24= K 2=2 8att)ew >ra er, $)omas 8c>i--on, TA Survey an %eview of Software Development $ools for Development of Em-e e SystemsU, I$$ A vance Engineering V Sciences (orp, 8arc) 233A# )ttpGIIwww#electronics+ la-#comI ownloa sIsc)ematicI33=I )ttpGIIwww#tina#comIEnglis)ItinaI

mi market#tec)target#comI efinitionIprototype www#B3=2#c3m 8u)amma Ali 8a1i i an 9anice ># 8a1i i, B3=1 8icrocontroller an Em-e e Systems# 2134 Daul ?olowit1, Art of electronics, 2n e ition 2144 )ttpGIIp f# atas)eetcatalog#comI atas)eet2IfI 3c@, @a4@ig4@7l,f3.27saiiBo3y#p f 21=4 A cost+effective approac) to microcontroller -ase sms applicationG a case for my,+ sagem p)one series, Drof# ?#(# Inyiama !D)D", 8-onu E# Samuel !<# Eng", international .ournal o* aca emic researc) Eol# 3, No# =, Septem-er, 2311, II Dart

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(&N(*'SI&N

Suick prototyping )elps to re uce esign+market time# Droteus ES8 )as in-uilt capa-ilities t)at ena-le

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