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n i c k

v a n d o m e

H
COMPUTER
steps

,
.

Computer Active


Digital Photography
by Nick Vandome
Copyright 2010 by Computer Step
Reprinted under an exclusive licence agreement from the
Publisher: In Easy Steps, 5c Southfield Road, Southam,
Warwickshire, CV47 0FB United Kingdom

Notice of Liability
Every effort has been made to ensure that this book contains accurate and current information.
However, Computer Step and the author shall not be liable for any loss or damage suffered
by readers as a result of any information contained herein.
Trademarks
Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
All other trademarks are acknowledged as belonging to their respective companies.

:
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" " ,


)

(
)

,


Images ().

109

web
.
, ,

.

110

,

.

Kodak Mobile,

,
www.
kodakmobile.com

Snapfish, www.snapfish.com

Dotphoto www.dotphoto.com

,
() . :

.
email email

, . (
web .
, Kodak Mobile,
)

. , . :

"Save as Mobile
Wallpaper" ( )

"Next" ()

.

111

,
.

112

,
: ,
, inkjet .
, ,
, . , . ,
Bluetooth (IR)
. :

Bluetooth

,
8x10 .

.



.

114

116

117

118

119

122

123

124

125

127

,
. .
, .

114

,

- -
.


.

( 16 ).


.

, .
,
.
.
.

:

.
, ,
(color cast).
,

.
, "" (cloning)

.
, ,
CD DVD

.
email .
,
email



,
:

Ulead Photo Express. ,

,
,
Photoshop Elements. ,
web Ulead www.ulead.com

Roxio PhotoSuite.
Elements/Photo Express . , web Roxio www.roxio.com

Microsoft Picture It.

Microsoft . ,
web Microsoft www.
microsoft.com

(demo).
""
web CD-ROM

.

,

.


.

115

Photoshop Elements. Adobe.

Web,
.

.


web Adobe
www.
adobe.com

Photoshop
,
.
Photoshop Elements,
""
Photoshop.

,
.
, . ,
.
. ,
.

116

,

,
.
.

,
.

.
,
.

Adobe Photoshop CS2. . . ,

web Adobe www.adobe.
com

Corel Paint Shop Pro.

,
.
, web www.
corel.com

Ulead PhotoImpact. PhotoImpact

Paint Shop Pro.
PhotoImpact, web Ulead www.ulead.com


(
, , ).

.

.
,
, , , , email
.

. "File" () >"Open" ().
.

Windows XP Mac OS X

. ,
. ,
(.
)
CD . ,
web ""
.
,
. "Import" (), :

117



100% 1:1
.


.



"Fit to Window"
( ), .

118

, .
.

, "Fit in
Window" ( ).

, , 2:1 3:1

pixel, 10:1

, .

50%

,
,


.

400%



.
,
.
:

. ,
.

:
.
,
.

RAW

GIF
GIF (Graphical Interchange Format)
(
JPEG). .
,
.
GIF
256 . 16 .
, GIF
.
GIF
. ,
.
GIF , 87a 89a.
GIF GIF, . GIF .
:
, GIF.

RAW Adobe
Photoshop. ,
RAW
.
.

119

RAW

. RAW
.

JPEG
JPEG


16 (
24 bit).

,


.

JPEG (Joint Photographic Expert Group)

, ,
. JPEG.
GIF, JPEG
. . , .
.
.
JPEG
16 . . ,
.

120

PNG
JPEG


.
,

TIFF ,
,
JPEG.

( ):
GIF .GIF
JPEG .JPEG
PNG .PNG

PNG (Portable Network Group)

GIF
JPEG. 16 ,
JPEG .
. PNG , :

PC Mac PNG
,

PNG -
Web


TIFF
TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)
.

LZW (Lempel-Ziv-Welsh). GIF
50%90%, .
TIFF GIF JPEG,
.
TIFF LZW.
,
.

Kodak

CD.
Photo CD

CD
.

Photo CD,
.

BMP. BitMap Part Windows

. ,

FlashPix. .

,

:

EPS. Encapsulated PostScript

121

TIFF .TIF
BMP .BMP
EPS .EPS
FlashPix .FPX

,

.

122

.
,


.

.

( , )
, . ,
Photoshop Photoshop Elements
.PSD .PDD, Ulead .TPX .UPX.


. "" ,
"Save As" ( ) , GIF, JPEG TIFF.

,

. "Save" () "Save As" ( ) ,
, .

.
EPS,
JPEG.



, :

, Photoshop Elements:

123

, . ,

,
.

,
,
. :

124

,

.

,

,
.
,
.

()





. ,
:

T-shirt

125

,
:

Photoshop Paint
Shop Pro .

.



Photoshop Elements:

126


,
,
. Photoshop Elements
. :

OK

127

.

,

"Photo Browser"
( ).

128

.
,




.

OK

,

"Photo Browser"
( )

,


.

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

()

138

140

141

142

(Sharpening)

143

(Cloning)

145

146

130

.




.

.

, .

,
,
.
,
, ,
.

:

. .

"Brightness" () .
.
, .
, :


.
,
. ,
:

. "File"
()>"Open" () .
"Open" ()
, . ,

.
, .

. .

"" .
, .
. ,

.
. :

.
, ,
,
.

131

,

"Undo" ().

,

.

.
,
,
.

Photoshop Elements.


.

, ,
. . ,

.

. , ,
.

132



. "Brightness/Contrast" (/)
. , .

,

.

"Brightness/
Contrast" (/)

133

"Preview"
().

.

134

- . ,
, . "Shadows/Highlights" (/ ),
.
:

Shadows/
Highlights

OK

. , . ,
, :

135

.
.
.


.
,

.

. :

Color Variations ( )

. After ()

136

,

.

. Shadows ( ),
Highlights ( ) Midtones (
)


()
, Adobe
Photoshop, "Levels" (-).
"Levels"
.

.
"Levels"
, / "Auto Fix" (
), "Levels" (, )
.
. , .

"Auto Levels" ( )
.

,

.

137

. ,
.
.

"Levels" ()
.


,
.

138

.
. ,

.

. ,
, .

"
"

.
.

""

.



.

. ,

[Lasso
(), Trace () Freehand ( )]
: . , ,
. :
(feathering)
(cloning).

( )

. :

139

,

.

,


.

(cloning)
,
143.

. .
,
.
, :

140

.

:

.

"Crop" ()

"Edit"
()>"Crop"
() "Image"
()>"Crop" ()
Enter


.
, ,
. ,
. , ,
. 80 , .

,
, . ,
.

(Red-eye)

141

, :

.


.

(Sharpening)
,
:
.
, . ,
. .

142

.

.

(Sharpen),
(Sharpen More)

(Sharpen Edges).



,

" " (Unsharp Mask),

.

,
pixel . .

.

"
" (Unsharp
Mask).
,

 (Cloning)
, ,
.

.
(cloning ) pixel
. pixel pixel , . ,

. , .

.
(
). ,
.

( ) .

,
.
.

143

(.. ),

, ,
.


,

.
,

,

.

144

,
:

,


.

.

"Rubber Stamp" (),
.



,
.
"Healing Brush"
( ) "Spot Healing Brush" ( ).
,
, .. .
"Healing Brush" "Spot Healing Brush"
,

. :

145

"Spot
Healing Brush" "Toolbox"
()

"Options" ()

"Spot Healing
Brush"

.
,
.
.
:

"Filter"
()> "Noise
()>"De
speckle" ()

146

ISO,
800 1600.

"".
,



.

,

.

10

148

(layers)

150

()

152

154

156

158

160

161

162

(layers),
,


.

(layers)
""

,
.


. ,
,
.

148

"Layers Palette" ( ):

.

,
Adobe
Paint Shop Pro
PhotoImpact.

.
, .
, "Layers Palette"
( ).
, .


99 , :

"Layers Palette" ( )

, ,

(layers)


(),
,
.

149

,
. , .
, .

,
(layer).

()
.
,
, .

150

()
,

, :

()
.
: , ,

,
.

. ,

( ) . ,
, .



, :

()

.
.

151

,

.

(),

"Layer"
()>"Flatten Image"
( )
.

, ,
. APS
(Advanced Photo System) ,
:

,
.
,
.

152

, Photoshop
Elements, ,
, Panoweaver
( web: www.easypano.com) Ulead Cool 360 ( web:
www.ulead.com).
:

,





.


, , : ,
.
:

, .

Photomerge ()

(3-D)
.
Javascript,
Panoweaver

.

153

.


.

. ,
"Text" ().
. , .
:

"Text" ()

154

.

.

,



. , ,
.



, . :

, "Warp Text"
( )
.



OK

,

.

155

, .
, ,
.
:

1
2

156

,

.

Paint
Bucket (
)
Brush
()

"Color
Picker" (
) OK

Paint
Bucket
Brush


()

. :

"Gradient" ()

157

()

158

, .
.
:

.

,

.

. , .

, .

, :

.
.
. ,

,
.
()

,



.




(Cloning)

.

159

160

. ,
.
( ) (
).

.
,


.

,

.

, ,
.

: , , ,
. ,
. . :

"Filters Palette" ( )

OK.



,
. :

.


,

.

"Layers
Palette" ( )

161

. :

. ,

162

,
20%
30%.

11

.




.

164

165

166

168

inkjet

169

170

172

173

174

164

.

,
100 .

" "

.

() .

,

.



.

,
.
:

" "

" "

" "
"screening" inkjet laser. -
. , " "
.
,

.
" "
.

" "

"
"
CMYK (Cyan,
Magenta, Yellow, Black)
"
" RGB (Red,
Green, Blue).

. " ", ,
. "
" , " ".
" "
.
,
.


,
inkjet .
(dots
per inch-dpi) : .
inkjet 5760 dpi.

, . :
pixel . , 1200 pixel 4 ,
300 ppi (pixels per inch)

. , .

pixel .

, :


,

.
,

165

.

. .

,
, "Print" () "Print Setup" ( ).

166

.
.

,

.


Print
Manager ( ).

.
,

"Page Layout" ( ) ,
,


,


,
.
. .
,
,
,
.

,
. ,
.
,
.
, .
,

.

,
.

,


10x15 .

167

inkjet
,
.
.

.

,


.

,
inkjet ( ).
Hewlett Packard
. , Canon Epson, : bubblejet Canon micro
piezo Epson. ,
inkjet.

168

.

,
.

inkjet ,
.

.

. inkjet
. .
.

.

(inkjet)
inkjet :
. ,
(cyan), (magenta)
(yellow).
CMYK ( K ).
.
,
.
.
inkjet
( )
CMYK. ,
.

"micro dry"
, .
Micro dry . .

Laser
laser inkjet
. , .
, laser
.

inkjet,
inkjet.
.

169

. "
" " "
.
, .
" " inkjet,
.
.

. , .
, ,
.

,
. ,
. , ,
.

170

:

,
.

.
,



.

, .
inkjet
,
.
:

. inkjet
laser, fax .

inkjet.
inkjet.

.
(glossy) inkjet laser . Epson, Kodak, Hewlett Packard, Agfa, Canon
Ilford. ,
. ,

(Matte).



(Letter)
. :

.
, .
, .. A3

.
.
Clip Art

.

.
.
. .
.
, ,
. ,
:
.

171

. . ,
, ,

,

.

.

,
.

. ,

. ,
:

172

,
.
.

.






.

.

.

,
, , . ,
.
, inkjet ,
. , .

inkjet .

. ,
.
.
, .


. ,

.




,
.

.
CD, .
, , USB
CD-ROM.
. Canon, Kodak
Fujifilm .

.

,

. ,

.

173

flash
, CD

(IR)
Bluetooth

Kodak Canon,

,
.
email,
, ,
.
, .

 , ,

, :

inkjet ,
.

(, ..)

dpi (dots per inch) . dpi

. .
150300 ppi (pixels
per inch )

(dpi)
pixel

174

12

176

178

180

181

182

email

. -

183

email

184

iCards

186

.



.

, . .
web , ,
.
,
.
:

www.kodak.com

www. print-photos-online.com

www.fotopolitan.gr

www.prolab.gr

176

,
.

.
email

.
"Next"
() OK

.
email
,

.

. ,

177

,
.


, . ,
.
:

178

2
JPEG


.

.

176

,
.



.
TIFF
, ,
JPEG.

179

.
,

, . ,
.
:

180

Applets (
) .
Anfy
(www.anfyteam.com)

GIF (Graphical Interchange Format) 256

, ,
.

JPEG (Joint Photographic Expert Group) . JPEG 16

PNG (Portable Network Group)

. 16 , JPEG .

,
119120.

. .

(ALT) ,


, . ,
Internet
.
17 .
,
.
:
;
web ;

; ,
;

;
,

n ,
Internet. Internet
(dial-up) 56Kbps.
. , ,
.
, Adobe
Photoshop, .
,
.
web intranet .

,
100Kb.

.

,
.

181

email
(Email) Internet.
.
email :

""
,

, email

. (

,
)

email
,

182

email ,

email

.

email


,

GIF JPEG.

,
email ,
.
,
.
, ,
GIF JPEG.
email .
email
. .
email
.

 email
email, . Photoshop Elements :

"Share( )>
"E-mail..." (
...) "Photo Browser" ( )

email


.
OK

email, ,

2

183

184

iCards
Mac
, iCards.
.Mac www.mac.
com. iCards Windows
Mac,
.Mac. iCards
:

iCards .Mac

.Mac

iCard, email

185

"Send Card" ( )
iCard

,

.
iPod Apple iPod Photo.
, .
, ,
.

186

, ,
. ,
. ,

.

,
iPod
Photo,
,

ADC
9
Adobe
Photoshop
31, 116, 125, 137
Photoshop Elements
53, 115
Apple
25, 186
AT&T Wireless
105
Auto Levels ( )
137

B
Bitmap ()

14

Graphical Interchange Format.

: GIF

I
iCards
iPhoto




iPod Photo

J
Joint Photographic Expert Group
: JPEG
JPEG
: JPEG

K
Kodak

M
Mac OS X
Manual

Motorola
Dot Photo
176
Dpi ( )
165, 174
D-SLR.
SLR

10, 23, 29, 53

:
Manual ()
106

N
Nikon
D60
Nokia

10
42
58
39, 173

39, 170, 173, 176

39
40
106

187

Canon
39, 168, 170, 173
Canon 450D
40
Charge Coupled Devices.
CCD
Cingular
105
Clip Art
171
Club Photo
176
CNET 32
CompactFlash
28

Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
CMOS
Corel
Paint Shop Pro
116, 125, 148

Foveon X3
f-stop

FujiFilm

184-185
97-100
99
97
98
100
186

O2
Olympus
Orange

105
39
105

Ulead
PhotoImpact
Photo Express
USB

Paint Shop Pro.

Corel: Paint Shop Pro
Photo CD.
: Photo CD
Photo Express.
Ulead: Photo Express
PhotoImpact.
Ulead: PhotoImpact
Photoshop Elements.
Adobe:
Photoshop Elements
Photoshop.
Adobe: Photoshop
PhotoSuite.
Roxio: PhotoSuite
Pixel
15, 20, 38-39, 45, 49, 102, 118

143

14
PNG.
: PNG
Portable Network Graphics.
PNG
Ppi (Pixel )
16

188

116, 122
116
53, 115
23, 30, 33

Verizon Wireless
Vodafone

105
105

W
Windows XP

10, 23, 29, 53

94-95
94
96
96

RAW
Roxio

: RAW
PhotoSuite

115

S
Sendo
Siemens
SmartMedia
Snap Fish
Sony Ericsson
Sprint PCS

106
106
28
176
106
105

T
T-Mobile

105

162

9, 10, 14, 45, 50
CCD
9, 12, 39, 101
CMOS
9, 12, 39

16

15-19, 45, 47, 101, 165, 168, 170

16

16-17

17

17, 165

15

27

161

52

16

82-83

82

82

117

60
EV
60

35-36

36
.
EV

122

 email
13, 182

183

135
GIF
: GIF

34

66, 132

143, 145

72-74
20

125
126
125
52

124, 160
58, 60, 64, 74

44

58
Matrix
: :


58

58

13, 163-174


174

164

11

173

131

164

173


173


112

27
Bubblejet
168

27

27, 169
Inkjet
17, 27, 168
Laser
27, 169

180
173, 178-179
13, 176-177

()

72
68, 146

ISO

:
ISO

68

:

181

189

167
Micro dry
27, 169
Micro piezo
168

167

168, 172

169
()

150-151

USB
(feathering)
138

36

138-139
(Layers)
148-149

149

148

148
()

137

138

138


24

Auto ()
56
()
56

56

56

56
ISO
:
ISO

190

46

46

46

23
Web
38

:

Memory stick
28
Multimedia Card
28
PC
28
xD Memory Card
28

35, 54, 76
CompactFlash

154

155

103-112

107

108-109

105

106

106

104

112

107

110

60
(Cloning)
138-139, 143-144



()
50, 141

66

135

80-81

80

135
()
43

43

43

43

43

43

43

42


42
Auto ()
42

Manual ()
42

42

43

64

53, 113-128, 174, 179

133

132

32, 114

31, 116

135

138

124

123

53


53

(Unsharp Mask)
142

45

172

:

:


(ADC)
9

29
Advanced Photo System
152
SLR
SLR
Applets
180
Flash
CompactFlash
RAM
25, 26

25
USB
33
(SLR)
SLR

181

BMP
121
EPS
121
FlashPix
121
GIF
20, 119
JPEG
19, 120
Photo CD
121
PNG
19, 120
RAW
119
TIFF
121

36, 47, 48

51


(Gradient)

157

26

26
LCD
47-48, 51-52, 57, 82

48
(Sharpening)
142
:

127-128

25

52

145

78-79
Web

24
115-116

35, 68, 152-153

35

(IR)

ISO

(Sharpening)

.

166
44
44
44, 68-69
44, 70-71
44
44

191

82, 84-85

84-85

84

152-153

136

57

160

140

24

24

:


52

118

10


: .

:

TWAIN
101

101-102, 158

101

76-77

134

19

45
JPEG
: JPEG

119

119
LZW ()
121

90-92

88-89

78-79, 86-87

28, 30



33

186
CD
34

112

192

36

49

49

49


49

49

171

141, 160

56, 64, 80

52
(Fill-in)
66

50

186

36
.
:

62
(Fill-in)
66

62, 68

62

133

9

117

131

122

34

181

17

129-146

158

email

Windows XP
94
iPhoto
iPhoto:

160

118

154

156

17, 180

20

A3
Inkjet

Mac

CMYK
RGB

171
170
171
18, 170
18, 170
97, 184
46
156
20
20, 164, 168
20, 164

39

22

24

38

54

39
()
22

26

38
SLR
36, 40-41

40

email



12

11

10

9

 , , , .

; ,
.

, ,
.

,

.

, pixel

.
,
,

, ,
.

,
.

n i c k

v a n d o m e

H
COMPUTER
steps

,
.

Computer Active