Abducting Muscle Groups

Muscles which Produce Scapular Abduction (Protraction) 1. Serratus Anterior Tendons Origin Insertion Function Nerve Artery : Outer surface of upper 8 or 9 ribs : Costal surface of vertebral border of the Scapula : Abducts scapula at the Scapulothoracic Joint; raises ribs when scapula is fixed : Long Thoracic Nerve : Lateral thoracic artery

2. Pectoralis Major Tendons Origin Insertion Function : Sternal half of the Clavicle, sternum to 7th rib, cartilages of true ribs, aponeurosis of external oblique : Lateral lip of bicipital groove of the Humerus : Adducts arm, extends arm, internal rotation of the shoulder along with other Muscles which produce shoulder Adduction Muscles which produce shoulder Extension Muscles which produce shoulder Internal (medial) Rotation Nerve Artery : dual innervation by the Medial Pectoral Nerve and the Lateral Pectoral Nerve : Pectoral branch of Thoracoacromial artery and the Internal Mammary artery

3. Pectoralis Minor Tendons Origin Insertion Function Nerve Artery : Outer suface and upper margin of 3rd 4th and 5th ribs : Coracoid process of the Scapula : Lowers angle of scapula, pulls shoulder forward at the Scapulothoracic Joint : Medial Pectoral Nerve : Pectoral branch of Thoracoacromial artery and the Lateral thoracic artery

Muscles which Produce Upward Rotation of Scapula 1. Trapezius (middle part) Tendons Origin Insertion Function Nerve Artery : External occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line of skull Nuchal ligament from spines of seventh cervical and all thoracic verebrae : Lateral third of the Clavicle, acromion and spine of the Scapula : Adducts scapula, tilts chin, draws back acromion, rotates scapula at the Scapulothoracic Joint : Spinal Accessory Nerve : Descending scapular artery

2. Serratus Anterior

Muscles which Produce Shoulder Abduction 1. Deltoid Tendons Origin Insertion Function Nerve Artery : Lateral third of the Clavicle, the upper surface of the acromion, and the spine of the Scapula : Deltoid tuberosity of the Humerus : Abducts the shoulder along with other Muscles which produce shoulder Abduction : Circumflex anterior and posterior brances of the Axillary Nerve : Posterior humeral circumflex artery Deltoid branch of Thoracoacromial artery 2. Supraspinatus Tendons Origin Insertion Function : Supraspinous fossa of the Scapula : Superior facet of greater tuberosity of the Humerus and the Glenohumeral Joint : Assists the deltoid in abducting the arm, fixes the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa, and external rotation of the shoulder along with other Muscles

which produce shoulder Abduction and Muscles which produce shoulder External (lateral) Rotation Nerve Artery : Suprascapular Nerve : Suprascapular (transverse cervical) artery

Muscles which Produce Wrist Radial Deviation 1. Abductor Pollicis Longus Tendons Origin : Posterior surface of the Ulna, the radioulnar interosseous membrane and the middle third of posterior surface of the Radius : Radial dorsal base of the Thumb Metacarpal, Variably the dorsal Trapezium and the radial surface of the Abductor pollicis longus muscle : Abducts the thumb basal joint, along with other muscles which radially abduct the thumb. Also radially deviates the wrist along with other mucles which produce wrist radial abduction : Posterior Interosseous Nerve : Posterior Interosseous artery

Insertion

Function

Nerve Artery

2. Flexor Carpi Radialis Tendons Origin : common forearm flexor origin from the medial epicondyle of the Humerus and the deep forearm fascia : Volar base of the Index Metacarpal and the Middle Metacarpal : flexion and radial deviation of the wrist, along with other muscles which flex the wrist and radially deviate the wrist, weak pronation of the forearm along with other muscles which pronate the forearm and weak flexion of the elbow along with other muscles which flex the elbow : Median Nerve : Muscular Branches of Radial Artery

Insertion Function

Nerve Artery

3. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Tendons Origin : Lower 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of the Distal humerus and the lateral intermuscular septum : Dorsal base of the Index Metacarpal : Extends, radially deviates the Wrist : Radial : Muscular Branches of Radial Artery and the Radial Recurrent artery

Insertion Function Nerve Artery

4. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Tendons Origin : Common extensor tendon of the lateral epicondyle the radial collateral ligament of the elbow and the deep forearm fascia : Dorsal base of the Middle Metacarpal : Extends and radially deviates the Wrist. Weak elbow flexor. : Posterior Interosseous Nerve : Muscular Branches of Radial Artery Radial Recurrent artery

Insertion Function Nerve Artery

Muscles which Radial Abduct the Basal Joint 1. Abductor Pollicis Longus Tendons Origin : Posterior surface of the Ulna, the radioulnar interosseous membrane and the middle third of posterior surface of the Radius

Insertion : Radial dorsal base of the Thumb Metacarpal, Variably the dorsal Trapezium and the radial surface of the Abductor pollicis longus muscle

Function : Abducts the thumb basal joint, along with other muscles which radially abduct the thumb. Also radially deviates the wrist along with other mucles which produce wrist radial abduction Nerve Artery : Posterior Interosseous Nerve : Posterior Interosseous artery

2. Extensor Pollicis Brevis Tendons Origin Insertion Function : Posterior surface of the Radius and the radioulnar interosseous membrane : Dorsal base of the thumb proximal phalanx : Extends the thumb MCP joint and weakly abducts the thumb basal joint, along with other muscles which produce radial and palmar abduction : Posterior interosseous : Posterior interosseous

Nerve Artery

3. Opponens Pollicis Tendons Origin Insertion Function : transverse carpal ligament and the Trapezium : Volar radial aspect of the Thumb Metacarpal : flexes and pronates the basal joint along with other muscles which produce thumb opposition : Motor Branch of the Median Nerve : Superficial Volar Branch of Radial artery

Nerve Artery