NANYANG JUNIOR COLLEGE Year 2 Preliminary Examination

H2 GEOGRAPHY
Human Geography

9730/02
24 September 2010
3 hours

Additional Materials:

Answer Paper Insert World Outline Map

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your class, index number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.

Section A Answer all questions. Section B Answer two questions, each from a different topic. The Insert contains all the Figures referred to in the question paper. You should make reference to appropriate examples studied in the field or the classroom, even where such examples are not specifically requested by the questions. Diagrams and sketch maps should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an answer. The world outline map may be annotated and handed in with relevant answers. You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation in your answers. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 5 printed pages and 1 insert. [Turn over

Section A Answer all the questions in this section. Questions 1, 2 and 3 carry 12 marks and Question 4 carries 14 marks. You should allocate your time accordingly.

The Globalisation of Economic Activity 1 Fig. 1 shows a map of the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI) in 2005. Table 1 shows HDI values for selected countries in 2005. (a) With reference to Fig. 1 only, describe the pattern of human development. [3]

(b) Using Table 1, assess the usefulness of the Human Development Index (HDI) as a measure of development. [5] (c) Explain how supranational bodies can assist in the economic development of countries with low human development (less than 0.50). [4]

Population Issues and Challenges 2 Fig. 2 shows the distribution of population in Brazil in 2000. (a) Give the meaning of the term population distribution. [1]

(b) What are two limitations of using proportional circles to represent data on population distribution? [2] (c) Using Fig. 2, describe the main features of the pattern of population distribution in Brazil. [3] (d) Discuss two physical and two human factors which are responsible for the pattern of population distribution in any one country or region. [6]

Higher 2 Geography / 9730 / Paper 2

Urban Issues and Challenges 3 Fig. 3 shows a model of the post-modern city. (a) (i) On Fig. 3, complete the key using the following terms associated with urban structure: suburbs; an area of decentralised industry; CBD; a gentrified area. [2] The completed sheet should be handed in with your answer booklet. (ii) For any two of the areas you have identified on Fig. 3, briefly explain the reasons for your choice of location. [4] (b) You are a planning officer with the power to make decisions about land use within this post-modern city. Two alternative proposals have been submitted for Site Z. One proposal is a housing development and the other is for a flagship retail project. State for which proposal you would decide to grant planning permission and outline briefly the reasons for your decision. [6]

The Globalisation of Economic Activity / Urban Issues and Challenges 4 Study Fig. 4 which shows the changing regional shares of global manufacturing between 1970 and 2005. (a) Name the technique used to construct Fig. 4. [1]

(b) Compare the trends in global manufacturing as represented by Developed Countries (DCs), Less Developed Countries (LDCs) and Newly Industrialised Economies (NIEs). [4] (c) What factors can be used to explain the trends identified in (b)? Support your answer with relevant examples. [6] (d) What social and economic consequences are experienced by cities in Developed Countries (DCs) when deindustrialisation occurs? [3]

Higher 2 Geography / 9730 / Paper 2

Section B Answer two questions from this section. The Globalisation of Economic Activity 5 EITHER (a) With the help of examples, describe the role of governments in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI). [9] (b) Assess the view that transnational corporations (TNCs) exacerbate uneven economic development. [16]

OR

(a) With the help of examples, describe the character of Science / Techno / Business Parks and explain why governments may develop them. [9] (b) To what extent is the changing nature of firms and technology responsible for the globalisation of economic activity? [16]

Population Issues and Challenges 6 EITHER (a) Why is an appreciation of population structure fundamental in understanding mortality in Developed Countries (DCs)? [9] (b) Malthus predicted that world population growth will outstrip any increase in food supply and resources. To what extent do you agree to this statement? [16]

OR

(a) Explain the term ecological footprint. Why is it a useful indicator of resource utilisation? [9] (b) Some demographers divide the population structure of those over 60 years old into the Third Age (active retirement) and the Fourth Age (a later phase of ageing characterised by disease, disability and death). With reference to examples from Developed Countries (DCs), assess the implications of the Third Age and the Fourth Age for service provision and the sustainability of communities. [16]
Higher 2 Geography / 9730 / Paper 2

Urban Issues and Challenges 7 EITHER (a) What priorities are likely to influence the future form of cities in Developed Countries (DCs)? [9] (b) Compare the nature of transport problems in Developed Countries (DCs) and Less Developed Countries (LDCs) and assess the effectiveness of their management strategies. [16]

OR

(a) Distinguish between global cities and primate cities.

[9]

(b) Assess the consequences of the development of suburbs for the people who live in them. [16]

Higher 2 Geography / 9730 / Paper 2