Class 5: The Earliest Americans (Continued) an!

on to your notes "or no#$

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&ate ) *an 15

To'ic

(eadin! A"ter the "act (herea"ter AT+) ,rolo!ue- the .tran!e death o" silas dean AT+ cha'ter 1- contacT

Assi!nment

%nit 1

AT+ ,rolo!ue due / 0nly o''ortunity to !et 11 'oints "or the ,rolo!ue$$$ 2otes day / "irst o''ortunity AT+ res'onse o''ortunity (you can do a ma4imum o" "our o" these "or credit)

+ *an 13

M *an 21 M56 ) *an 22

20 (EA&728 8M5- Cha'ter 2- be!innin!s o" en!lish america 8M5 8M5 re9ie# and res'onse E4tra credit :: "irst o''ortunity 2otes &ay make:u' / last o''ortunity

+ *an 24

M *an 23 ) *an 2<

+ *an ;1 M +eb ; ) +eb 5

AT+- Cha'ter 2- .er9in! time in AT+ res'onse o''ortunity (you 9ir!inia can do a ma4imum o" "our o" these "or credit) !ml- cha'ter ;- creatin! an!lo: 8M5 e4tra credit make:u' /last america o''ortunity AT+- Cha'ter ;- The 9isible and AT+ res'onse o''ortunity (you in9isible #orlds o" salem can do a ma4imum o" "our o" these "or credit) !ml- cha'ter ;- creatin! an!lo: america 2o (eadin! Test TE.T 1

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AT+ o''ortunity Cha'ter 1 Contact

Turn in to t:s=uare by 11:;1 +riday *an =3 There are no late 'a'ers (no e4ce'tions)> Try to make sure your submission does not contain html code (this sometimes ha''ens i" you cut and 'aste)>

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7nstructions (T: .=uare/(esources/Assi!nments )

+or each AT+ essay #rite a brie" re9ie# in #hich you 1) identi"y the main 'oint that the authors are tryin! to make 2) identi"y #hat #as most interestin! about the essay> 7" you did not like the essay you can identi"y #hat #as most 'roblematic about the essay> The assi!nment is 'ur'ose"ully loose so that you can de9elo' your o#n uni=ue and ori!inal 4/22/14

5ast class / "ocus on Cahokia as an e4am'le o" archaeolo!y Today / #e #ill re9ie# notes- AT+- and look at early American mi!rations

Mi!ration theories Maritime 7ndians and Dikin!s 6enne#ick Man

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1>

)hich o" these is true about CahokiaE The economy #as

'rimarily based on huntin!- "ishin!- and !atherin!> Anthro'olo!ists classi"y Cahokia as a Mississi''ian Culture> There #ere o9er 121 mounds in this location>
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(e9ie# AT+ The .tran!e &eath o" .ilas &eane and notes

8et into !rou's o" "our or "i9e and do res'onse sheets>

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)ho #ere the Earliest AmericansE

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1>

Across an icy land brid!e>

o# and #hen did the earliest Americans "irst come to AmericaE

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Across the Atlantic ocean "rom A"rica> %sin! boats to tra9el do#n the 'aci"ic coast> Aliens came to America>
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Traditional ans#ers about mi!ration:

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Theory 1: End o" 7ce A!e

,eo'le mi!rate c> 1;-111 years a!o

F,an American i!h#ayG

?i! !ame huntin!

0ne culture o" hunters throu!hout America 8rou's o" about 51 or so 'eo'le Chase lar!e !ame &e9elo' a ne# technolo!yH

c> 11-111 years a!o

Accordin! to the 'an:American hi!h#ay theory: that is #hen 'eo'le started mo9in! south into the continents>

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,leistocene 09erkill

unt mammoths- !iant bison- !round sloths 2ot used to humans Ecolo!ical disru'tion

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Theory 1: F,an American i!h#ayG 2eeds re9ision

(e9isions: &atin! is #ron! ,eo'le mi!rated in #a9es (and usin! di""erent routes)

More recent ideas about mi!ration: Many #a9es

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,eo'le came "rom multi'le directions- usin! di""erent modes o" trans'ort- and much earlier than traditional theories su''osed

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Monte Derde- Chile Tom &illehay 15-111 years a!o :: radiocarbons

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+ound a di9ersi"ied culture

Monte Derde Tools

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Monte Derde: .ea#eed and 'otato

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Monte Derde: tent stakes

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More 're:Clo9is sites

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12-<11 years a!o Meado#cra"t- ,A *ames Ado9asio

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Meado#cra"t

?askets- 'lantsmussels .nares bonesa#ls- needles And no Clo9is 'oints$

Conclusions:

,eo'le #ere in America lon! be"ore the Clo9is 'oint allo#ed them to e""ecti9ely kill lar!e animals &atin! #as #ron! And ho# they li9ed (bi! !ame huntin! alone) also #ron!

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)hy the mistakesE (hint: think about archaeolo!y)

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0ther theories: F,aci"ic coast i!h#ayG

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0ther mi!ration theories

5ucy

2on:archaeolo!ical theories: 2ati9e American 0ri!in .tory

7n the be!innin!- (a9en and Mink and Coyote hel'ed the Creator 'lan the #orld> They #ere in on all the ar!uments> They hel'ed the Creator decide to ha9e all the ri9ers "lo# only one #ayH> The decided that beasts should be 'laced in the "orests> uman bein!s #ould ha9e to kee' out o" their #ay> FThe be!innin! o" the .ka!it )orld-G Ella E>Clark- 7ndian 5e!ends o" the ,aci"ic 2orth#est

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,ractice =uestion

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)hat about the Dikin!sE

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.ome Dikin! 8eo!ra'hy

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Archaeolo!ical .ites in 2e#"oundland DinlandE

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7ndians on 2e#"oundland be"ore the Dikin!s: Maritime 7ndians

3511 / ;111 ?CE (,aleolithic)

,ermanent site ?urial site

1/; I 2 yrs 1/2 I adults 4; oldest

2J11:1<11 ?CE

Tem'orary site

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The 2orse FDikin!sG

J11:1151 A&

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Dikin!s

ei!ht o" 2orse 'o#er: J11:1151 CE/ A& Attacks on 7reland En!land- (ussia

2orse reli!ious belie"s

0din (one o" many !ods / includin! Christ)

Thor ("amous leader)

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?urial 'ractices

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Committed manslau!hter

F.a!aG o" Erik the (ed (histories / but #ritten 211 years later)

?anned to 7celand ?anned a!ain .ettled 8reenland 5asted 511 years

5ei" Erikson and Dinland

?oats trans'ort ;1 +inds a 'lace #ith !ra'es and timber (eturns

5LAnse au4 Meado#s c> 1111 A&

2411 obMects e4ca9ated

)as archaeolo!ical site 5LAnse au4 Meado#s DinlandE

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)as archaeolo!ical site 5LAnse au4 Meado#s DinlandE

Dinland / more than one settlement 8ra'es and butternut s=uash in lo#er 'art o" 2e# +oundland Entrance

)hat ha''ens #hen 2orse meet the F?euthuksGE

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)hat ha''ens #hen 2orse meet the F?euthuksGE

+i!ht #ith F.keerlin!sG and lea9e )ere the ?euthuks and .keerlin!s the descendents o" the Archaic Maritime 7ndiansE (5ikely)

A recent archaeolo!ical con"lict: 6enne#ick Man- *uly 1<<K

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*ames Chatters

F?ones are my thin!> 7 lo9e 'uBBles>G +indin!s :

,ioneer Ty'ical caucasoid male 41:55

Nuestion / #hy no ca9itiesE ?one sam'le / c> 11-111 ?CE

)ho is 6enne#ick manE

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CaucasianE

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AsatruanE

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%matillaE

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,atrick .te#artE

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)ho o#ns the bonesE 2A8,(A 1<<1

2A8,(A 1<<1 All 2ati9e American bones and arti"acts must be re'atriated

&o you think that 6enne#ick ManLs bones should be re'atriatedE 0r should they be taken to a %ni9ersity "or studyE )hyE
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(e'atriated .tudied

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&o you think that 6enne#ick ManLs bones should be re'atriatedE 0r should they be taken to a %ni9ersity "or studyE )hyE
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(e'atriated .tudied

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2114 decision

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Hastings sponsors bill to protect study of Kennewick Man Thursday, November 1st, 2007
+ederal le!islation introduced in the %>.> ouse on )ednesday by (e'> &oc astin!s- (:)ash>#ould 'rotect the o''ortunity "or scienti"ic study o" ancient remains such as 6enne#ick Man> e 'ro'osed the le!islation in res'onse to a bill =uietly a''ro9ed by the .enate Committee on 7ndian A""airs last month that astin!s said #ould e""ecti9ely block the scienti"ic study o" ancient skeletal remains disco9ered on "ederal lands
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