tafila technical university

Faculty engineering


Experiment #2

Metallurgical microscope.

Name: Salam Fayez Albaradie ,

Lecturer name: Eng. Mohannad Tamimi .

Date of submission: 11/3/2014.

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1. Objective

1. Discover the type of microscope , Uses and Constraints
2. Introduction

Microorganisms, as their name implies, cannot be seen with the naked eye. And there are
two type of microscope the first type is known as biological microscope and its use to
see a small Vital organs such as blood ; the second type is known as metallurgical
microscope and its use to see small particular of metal .

2.1. Microscopes

2.1.1. Electronic Microscope

the electron microscope is a type of microscope that uses electrons to create an image of the
target. It has much higher magnification or resolving power than a normal light microscope.
Although modern electron microscopes can magnify objects up to two million times, they are
still based upon Ruska's prototype and his correlation between wavelength and resolution.



Figure 1 Electronic microscope


2.1.2. Optical Microscope

The optical microscope, often referred to as the "light microscope", is a type of microscope
which uses visible light and a system of lenses to magnify images of small samples. Optical
microscopes are the oldest design of microscope and were possibly invented in their present
compound form in the 17th century. Basic optical microscopes can be very simple, although
there are many complex designs which aim to improve resolution and sample contrast.



Figure 2 Optical microscope

2.1.2.1. Biological Microscopes

Biological microscopes are used to study organisms and their vital processes. Microscopes
used in this field range widely, from relatively simple optical microscopes to very advanced
imaging systems used in cell research, forensic medicine, and state-of-the-art high resolution
molecular studies.
The most common biological microscopes are compound microscopes used for viewing very
small specimens such as cells, pond life samples, and other microscopic life forms, inverted
microscopes, which are better for looking through thick specimens, such as dishes of cultured
cells, because the lenses can get closer to the bottom of the dish



Figure 3 Biological Microscope
2.1.2.2. Metallurgical Microscopes


A metallurgical microscope is a simple form of upright compound microscope, used to look
at not only metal samples, but also plastics, ceramics and other materials. Since the samples
are solid (and unable to transmit light), metallurgical microscopes tend to only have surface
illumination, with high magnification options to permit the viewing of surface structure (to
identify metal fatigue, for example).


The illustrated metallurgical microscope is a compact microscope equipped with all the
functions required for metallurgical observation, with magnification options up to 1000x and
image capture options.




Figure 4 metallurgical microscope













3. Results and Discussion

Difference Metallurgical Microscopes Biological Microscopes
Light and
lenses
The light and lenses are
in the same direction
The lenses Reverse light direction
Uses For metal , ceramics and other
materials
For study organisms and their vital
processes
The
magnification
range

40X-1600X

40X-1000X



Biological microscopes are also known as high power compound microscopes and can be
used for a variety of purposes in many different areas. And use one for looking at blood,
fungi, bodily fluids, or other liquids.

Often metallurgical microscopes are used as measuring instruments for measuring thin films
and electroplating coatings, inclusions, surface defects, and grain size.


4. References

1. www.sciencedaily.com
2. www.microscopesmall.com
3. www.scribd.com
4. www.studymode.com
5. www.wikipedia.org