18.

16 Thermal pollution is the introduction of waste heat into the environment in such a way
as to adversely affect environmental quality. Most thermal pollution results from the
discharge of cooling water into the surroundings. It has been suggested that power
plants use cooling towers and recycle water rather than dump water into the streams
and rivers. In a proposed cooling water, air enters and passes through baffles over which
warm water from the heat exchanger falls. The air enters at a temperature at 80F and
leaves at a temperature of 70F. The partial pressure of the water vapor in the air
entering is 5 mm Hg and the partial pressure of the water vapor in the air leaving the
tower is 18 mm Hg. The total pressure is 740 mm Hg. Calculate :
a) The relative humidity of the air-water vapor mixture entering and of the mixture
leaving the tower
b) The percentage composition by volume of the moist air entering and of that leaving
c) The percentage composition by weight of the moist air entering and of that leaving
d) The percent humidity of the moist air entering and leaving
e) The pounds of water vapor per 1000 ft
3
of mixture both entering and leaving
f) The pounds of water vapor per 1000 ft
3
of vapor-free air both entering and leaving
g) The weight of water evaporated if 800,000 ft
3
of air (at 740 mm Hg and 80F) enters
the cooling tower per day

Jawab :



Entering Leaving

a) The relative humidity of the air-water vapor mixture entering and of the mixture leaving the tower
P* H
2
O at 80F = 0,5073 psia P* H
2
O at 70F = 0,3622 psia

Entering





Leaving






b) The percentage composition by volume of the moist air entering and of that leaving

Entering





( )

Leaving





( )

P
total
= 740 mm Hg
Udara dan Air panas 80F
P
H2O
= 5 mm Hg
Udara dan Uap air 70F
P
H2O
= 18 mm Hg

c) The percentage composition by weight of the moist air entering and of that leaving
Entering
Basis = 1 lb mol at 80F, 14,30921 psia
massa % massa

Total =

Leaving
Basis = 1 lb mol at 70F, 14,30921 psia
massa % massa

Total =

d) The percent humidity of the moist air entering and leaving
Entering

( )

Leaving

( )

e) The pounds of water vapor per 1000 ft
3
of mixture both entering and leaving
Basis = 1000 ft
3
dari campuran pada 14,30921 psia
Entering

Leaving

( )

( )

f) The pounds of water vapor per 1000 ft
3
of vapor-free air both entering and leaving
Entering

Leaving

g) The weight of water evaporated if 800,000 ft
3
of air (at 740 mm Hg and 80F) enters the cooling tower
per day
Basis = satu hari proses
Entering

Leaving

( )