CHAPTER 1

SAFETY
WHAT IS SAFETY?
a. Safety means prevention of accidents which can result into injury or
death to one, his fellow employee or the public, or damage to property
of public or Wapda.
b. Safety however is not just a matter of luck, nor it is a product of
uncontrollable forces like the weather.
c. It is the responsibility of every employee in the WAPA ! P"P#$ to
prevent accidents.
POLICY OF WAPDA.
%asic safety policy can be summed up as follows&
No operating on!ition" or #rgen$ o% "er&ie an e&er '#"ti%$
en!angering t(e )i%e o% an$ one*
CHARACTER OF OR+ANI,ATION.
An organi'ation is judged best by the attitude and conduct of all of it,
employees. Since WAPA is engaged in a vital public service, we have a
particular obligation to carry out this service efficiently, and with proper regard
for the safety of ourselves, our fellow workers, the public, and property. Safety
of line staff can be achieved only through intelligence, cooperation and
implementation of safety measures.
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CHAPTER - .
CA/SES OF FATAL AND NON-FATAL ACCIDENTS
We will discuss the causes of accidents in two ways i.e. causes of
accidents in general and causes of fatal and non)fatal accidents in WAPA
distribution system.
*he general causes of accidents are divided into&)
a. DIRECT CA/SES
0. INDIRECT CA/SES
. IN- EFFICIENT S/PER1ISION
DIRECT CA/SES
irect causes can be classified into two general types.
/n"a%e At"
/n"a%e Con!ition"
Accidents do not just happen but they are the natural result of
/NSAFE CONTIONS and /NSAFE ACTS or they are the
combination of both.
In fact Statistics shows that +,- of accidents are due to the
human elements such as failure to use safety devices and observe safety
rules and procedure or we can say that the accidents are caused mainly
due to unsafe act of workers. Whereas unsafe conditions are contributing
less than (,-. *he unsafe conditions and unsafe acts are the direct causes
of accidents.
.et us have a glance over some /nsafe #onditions and unsafe acts.
0
/n"a%e Con!ition"
/nsafe conditions are substandard physical, chemical or mechanical
conditions in the work environments which can contribute to cause an accident.
Some e1amples of unsafe conditions which may cause accidents are&
(. I2proper +#ar!ing3
*his includes
a. /nshielded moving parts of machine
b. /nbarricaded floor openings and e1cavations
c. /nenclosed high voltage e2uipments
d. Insufficient warning signs
.. De%eti&e 4ateria) or E5#ip2ent
Such as
a. 3ushroomed chisels
b. Split handles
c. eteriorated poles
d. Poorly constructed or weak e2uipments
6. Ha7ar!o#" Arrange2ent"
Which includes
a. Poor house keeping at work location
b. /nsafe planning
c. Inade2uate working space
8. In"#%%iient Lig(t
Such as
a. /nsuitable location producing glare
b. $bjectionable shadows
9. I2proper 1enti)ation
Such as
a. Insufficient cross of air
b. Presence of harmful vapors, dust or gas.
4
:. /n"a%e C)ot(ing
5or e1ample
a. .ose clothing that can entangle in wires and machinery
b. 5ailure to use goggles
c. 5ailure to use proper shoes
d. 5ailure to use insulated gloves
;. /n"a%e De"ign An! Con"tr#tion
Which are due to deviations from standard design and specifications and
poor workmanships.
/NSAFE ACTS
*he endless variety of things people do or don6t do, human actions or
lack of action which can contribute to causing accidents.
Some e1amples of /nsafe acts which may cause accidents are&)
1. Operating <it(o#t A#t(orit$ or Warning
*his includes
a. #losing switches without authority
b. $perating hoist and trucks without warning
c. 5ailure to place warning signs or signal mans where
needed
d. 5ailure to block e2uipment against une1pected
movement
e. 5ailure to observe work clearance procedure
.. Operating or Wor=ing at #n"a%e "pee!
*hey are
a. riving too fast
b. *hrowing material or tools to another worker
c. 7umping from vehicles or platforms
8
d. 9unning
6. 4a=ing "a%et$ !e&ie" Inoperati&e
*his includes
a. 9emoving :uard from machines
b. /sing over si'e fuses
c. %locking safety valves
d. %locking control interlocks
e. Isolating fire protections
8. /"ing #n"a%e e5#ip2ent or /"ing E5#ip2ent I2proper)$
Such as
a. /sing dull cutting tools
b. /sing mushroom head chisels
c. /sing pipe e1tensions on wrenches not designed for that job.
d. /sing wrong tools for the job
e. /sing hands instead of hand tools
9. /n"a%e Loa!ing
Such as
a. $ver loading cranes and winches
b. #arrying too heavy loads
:. /n"a%e P)ae or 4i>ing
5or e1ample
a. .eaving objects where they are likely to fall
b. Improper packing
;
c. #ombining chemicals to form dangerous mi1ture
;. Ta=ing /n"a%e Po"ition or Po"t#re
Such as
a. Working on live conductors from above instead of below
b. Walking under suspended loads or to close to openings
c. .ifting while in awkward position
d. "ntering the areas where there are dangerous gases or fumes
e. Passing on curves of hills
f. 9iding on running boards or other unsafe places on vehicles
?. Wor=ing on E5#ip2ent <it(o#t Ta=ing proper prea#tion"
Such as
a. #leaning, oiling or adjusting moving machinery
b. Working on or near live electrical e2uipment
@. Di"tratingA tea"ing or "tart)ing
Such as
a. Practical joking
b. <orseplay
c. =uarreling or annoying
1B. Fai)#re to #"e Sa%e C)ot(ing or Proteti&e E5#ip2ent
Such as
a. 5ailure to use insulated gloves
b. 5ailure to use <ard <at
>
c. 5ailure to use :oggles
In!iret Ca#"e"
? Indirect causes may be of people oriented or procedural related. *here
are two key things to remember about indirect causes.
? 5irstly they are harder to recogni'e than direct causes. 3any times an
indirect cause is not even a part of accident scene.
? Second unless the indirect causes are found and eliminated, it is very
likely that the resulting unsafe acts and unsafe conditions will once again
begin occurring.
In-E%%iient S#per&i"ion
It is the supervisor who gambles with the safety of his people,
e2uipment and facilities. *he ineffective supervisor is not very much
concerned with the unsafe acts or unsafe conditions and most certainly
not with the indirect causes which may be behind them. $nly the
supervisor is in the position to detect indirect causes by analy'ing their
results, the unsafe acts and unsafe conditions and then working to correct
or eliminate them.
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CHAPTER - 6
FATAL C NON FATAL ACCIDENTS
FOR THE YEAR 2005 06
COMPARISON WITH 2004 05
COMPANIES
Employees Publ! Me" A"m#ls
F#$#l No" F#$#l F#$#l No" F#$#l F#$#l
PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE%
&ESCO '6 '' 20 '( ) '6 ( 0 * (
+EPCO '2 '0 '5 , 0 '5 ' 0 0 0
FESCO '( 4 2' 20 2) 24 ( 4 , 5
IESCO , '0 ' ( 0 0 0 0 0 0
MEPCO '0 * '' * , 4 ' 0 0 '
PESCO '2 '6 '' '6 '5 (0 * 6 ' '
TESCO 2 ( 0 2 0 ' 0 ' 0 0
HESCO '( '4 22 '6 (' 4( 5 '( 0 )
-ESCO ' ( 4 5 0 ' 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 88 78 105 91 91 134 20 24 17 18
FOR THE MONTH OF 06.2006
AS COMPARISON WITH 06.2005
COMPANIES
Employees Publ! Me" A"m#ls
F#$#l No" F#$#l F#$#l No" F#$#l F#$#l
PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE%
&ESCO 2 ' 5 2 2 ' ' 0 ' 0
+EPCO ' 0 ' 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
FESCO 2 ' 2 4 4 4 2 ' 0 0
IESCO ( ' 0 ' 0 0 0 0 0 0
MEPCO 0 2 0 0 ' 0 0 0 0 0
PESCO ' ( 2 ( ' ( ' 0 0 0
TESCO ' 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
HESCO 4 2 ( 2 ) 6 0 0 0 0
-ESCO ' ' ' 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 15 11 14 14 16 14 4 1 1 0
FATAL C NON FATAL ACCIDENTS
2006/0* %s 2005/06
COMPANIES
Employees Publ! Me" A"m#ls
F#$#l No" F#$#l F#$#l No" F#$#l F#$#l
PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE%
&ESCO '( '6 2) 20 2( ) 2' ( * *
+EPCO '' '2 '5 '5 4 0 0 ' ' 0
FESCO '6 '( 2( 2' () 2) '2 ( '4 ,
A
IESCO ) , * ' ' 0 0 0 0 0
MEPCO '0 '0 '6 '' '' , ' ' ' 0
PESCO , '2 ) '' '6 '5 6 * 0 '
TESCO 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
HESCO '' '( 20 22 45 (' 4 5 '0 0
-ESCO 5 ' 5 4 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 85 88 122 105 138 91 44 20 33 17
06.200* %s 06.2006
COMPANIES
Employees Publ! Me" A"m#ls
F#$#l No" F#$#l F#$#l No" F#$#l F#$#l
PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE%
&ESCO 2 2 ' 5 0 2 0 ' 0 '
+EPCO 2 ' 0 ' 0 0 0 0 0 0
FESCO 2 2 4 2 6 4 2 2 ( 0
IESCO ' ( ' 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
MEPCO ' 0 2 0 ( ' 0 0 0 0
PESCO 2 ' ' 2 4 ' 0 ' 0 0
TESCO 0 ' 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
HESCO ' 4 4 ( ( ) 0 0 ' 0
-ESCO ' ' 2 ' 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 12 15 15 14 15 16 2 4 4 1
FATAL C NON FATAL ACCIDENTS
200*/0) %s 2006/0*
COMPANIES
Employees Publ! Me" A"m#ls
F#$#l No" F#$#l F#$#l No" F#$#l F#$#l
PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE%
&ESCO '* '( 20 2) ' 2( 2 2' 4 *
+EPCO , '' '0 '5 2 4 0 0 0 '
FESCO '4 '5 '6 2( 2) () * '2 ( '4
IESCO * ) '' * 0 ' 0 0 0 0
MEPCO '' '0 '0 '6 '2 '' 2 ' 0 '
PESCO 2' , ) ) '5 '6 2 6 0 0
TESCO 4 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
HESCO ', '' ') 20 (* 45 5 4 0 '0
-ESCO 4 5 2 5 2 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 106 85 96 122 97 138 18 44 7 33
06.2006 %s 06.200*
COMPANIES Employees Publ! Me" A"m#ls
+
F#$#l No" F#$#l F#$#l No" F#$#l F#$#l
PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE% PRES PRE%
&ESCO ' 2 ( ' 0 0 0 0 2 0
+EPCO ' 2 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0
FESCO 0 2 ' 4 ( 6 0 2 0 (
IESCO ' ' 5 ' 0 0 0 0 0 0
MEPCO ' ' 0 2 0 ( 0 0 0 0
PESCO ( 2 ' ' ( 4 0 0 0 0
TESCO 0 0 ' 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
HESCO 2 ' 4 4 2 ( 0 0 0 '
-ESCO 0 ' 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 9 12 17 15 10 16 0 2 2 4
CHAPTER - 8
SHORT CO44IN+S IN SAFETY PRACTICES
Bow returning to WAPA istribution system we can classify accidents as&)
(. Accidents due to "lectricity ! "lectrical system
0. Accidents during *ransportation
4. Accidents during handling of material, due to house keeping ha'ards and
during work in field
8. 5ailure to provide 5irst Aid to the victim
If we consider the statistics of fatal and non) fatal accidents we will
conclude that the main cause of accidents C5atal or Bon)fatalD in our
system is electricity. So we will discuss this cause in detail and the
remaining in brief.
Ai!ent" !#e to E)etriit$ C E)etria) "$"te2
(,
Accidents may be fatal or non)fatal to WAPA workers, public man,
animal or damage electrical e2uipments. *here are so many causes of accidents.
*hese causes can be divided into four major heads.
1. SOCIO-ECONO4IC ASPECTS
.. DEHA1IO/RAL ASPECTS
6. TECHNICAL ASPECTS
8. 4ANA+ERIAL ASPECTS
1. SOCIO-ECONO4IC ASPECTS
*his includes&
LACE OF ED/CATION
*he public does not know the proper use of appliances. *hey do
not adopt ordinary preventive measures to use these appliances such as
non)use of three pin shoes, rubber mat sleepers, particularly while
ironing, and non)switching off circuits before removing of plugs.
:enerally it has been observed that whenever there is a break
down on lines, people are an1ious to come to near live conductor and
even try to remove it off from the roads or try to cross it.
1IOLATION OF RI+HT OF WAY
((
It is commonly observed that people construct their houses
and balconies under or near the electric lines and as a result the less
clearance becomes a continuous ha'ard to accidents.
/N-A/THORI,ED /SEC STEALIN+ OF ENER+Y
It is usually seen that a number of accidents occur due to un)
authori'ed use or stealing of electricity. Such mishaps are fre2uent, due to
following illegal methods adopted by public.
a. Illegal illuminations at different ceremonies.
b. Stealing of electricity by use of kundi system Chook methodsD.
c. irect phase and separate earth method adopted to steal electricity
from the meter terminals
d. Illegal ! un)authori'ed energi'ation of transformers, particularly at
tube wells by crude methods, i.e. by use of roara fuses in place of )
fittings and ordinary wooden sticks in place of )operating roads.
EITE FLYIN+
It is observed that kite flying with metallic wire cause accidents,
not only to public men but also cause of damage to WAPA installation.
ALTERNATE SO/RCE OF S/PPLY +ENERATORS
uring the load shedding and faults on feeder, some consumer use
alternate source of supply from another feeder or generator due to which
supply is fed back resulting in accidents.
.. DEHA1IO/RAL ASPECTS
*his includes&
(0
ANI4ALS TIED TO STAY WIRS C POLES
People are habitual of tying their animals with stay wires or electric
poles. *he stay wires are pulled out by the animals, resulting in loosening of
poles ! jumpers, causing short circuiting of poles. .eakage current passes
through poles and animals are electrocuted.
O1ER CONFIDENCE OF LINE STAFF
3ajority of accidents to line staff occur due to over confidence,
negligence and carelessness. After their long service, they ignore the safety
instruction and start taking risks.
FAIL/RE TO /SE SAFE CLOTHIN+ OR P.P.E. FPERSONAL
PROTECTI1E EG/IP4ENTH
resses made of synthetic fiber or inflammable material, loose
shalwar kamee', and failure to use insulated gloves, safety belts etc., are the
general negligence on the part of workers which results in accidents.
TAEIN+ /N-SAFE POSITIONS OR POST/RES
Working on live conductor from above instead of below, standing
on awkaward position or on unstable platforms can also cause accidents.
PHYSICAL /N-FITNESS
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*he physical un)fitness due to economic reason, mental tension or
narcotics addiction adversely affects the attention of the worker and become the
cause of accidents.
/SE OF STEEL STR/CT/RE AS A LADDER
/sing of steel structure instead of ladder does not provide the stable
working position for the linemen and in)ade2uate working space causes the
accidents.
DISRACTIN+A TEASIN+ OR STARTLIN+
/n)attentive attitude of workers such as practical joking, horseplay,
2uarreling or annoying may cause an accident.
6. TECHNICAL ASPECTS
5ollowing are some technical aspects
DEFECTI1E EARTIN+ C NON-+RO/DIN+ OF DOTH SIDES
efective earthing is one of the major causes of accidents. Similarly,
many employees are electrocuted due to none earthing of the line on both side
of their working area.
CARRIER SER1ICE WIRES
Some accidents have occurred when an injured service wire came in
contact with the carrier steel wire.
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S/D STANDARD ELECTRICAL FITTIN+S-WIRES
*he plugs, switches etc. are usually made of substandard material. *he
2uality of these plugs, switches is very poor. *his is one of the causes of electric
shock and house fire on account of loose connections. efective, sub)standard
wiring, non utili'ation of three pin plugs, shoes is another cause of accidents.
/SE OF I4PROPER F/SE
*he use of over si'e fuse wire also becomes dangerous for not isolating
faulty section immediately and becomes a cause of fire in the circuit.
O1ER LOADIN+ OF DRANCH CIRC/IT
/sually on account of low cost peoples use sub)standard wires, which are
not in accordance to load. *hese inferior 2uality wires do not have good
insulation and can be a cause of accident.
DACE FEEDIN+
%ack feeding is mainly due to duplicate source of supply with out fool
proof change over switches. *he duplicate source of supply may be from other
feeder, transformer or house generator.
STREET LI+HT PHASE
While carrying our maintenance work, replacement of bulbs, the street
light staff energi'es the street light circuit. ue to miss understanding by
maintenance staff accident can occur.
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/SE OF O1ER SI,E RORA F/SES AND IN-EFFICIENT
CIRC/IT DRAEERS
Bormally in distribution field the linemen use over si'e roara fuses
instead of standard fuses. Which do not blow off in case of any short circuit and
break down occurs on the lines. Similarly, in case of abnormal plug setting of
circuit breaker at :rid Station, the earth fault as a result of are not promptly
sensed and in case of break down live the conductor lying on the ground may
cause accident.
ISOLATION OF T-OFF LINE THRO/+H DORP O/T LINES
WITHO/T WATCH AND WARD
It is usually observed that linemen start work on the section after
disconnecting )links without leaving any member of the staff behind. Any
operation of )links by complaint staff can cause accident.
/N-SAFE DESI+N AND CONSTR/CTION
ue to deviation from standard design and specification and poor
workman ship accidents can occur. Bon)maintaining of minimum
re2uired clearance of electric lines, particularly at road crossing is also a
cause of accidents.
NONDISCHAR+IN+ OF CAPACITORS
(>
It has been observed that circuits where capacitors are installed the
workers do not discharge the capacitors before the start of work causing
an accident.
CA/TION NOTICE
After getting P*W the in)charge of :rid Station and supervisors of line
staffs do not care or bother to display the caution notice on the breaker or
isolator, which has been d)energi'ed. *he operation of these breakers or isolator
by mistake can cause an accident.
8. 4ANA+ERIAL ASPECTS
4anageria) a"pet" in)#!e3
NON DRIEFIN+ OF IOD
Bormally it has been observed that supervisors do not brief the linemen
about the job. All of sudden they are boarded on the vehicle and taken to site.
*hey do not know&
What to doE
<ow to doE
And can not arrange proper *FP or material and are not mentally ready
for job. *his hapha'ard arrangement can cause an accident.
NON-COND/CTIN+ OF TJP PARADE
In order to detect the defective, un)serviceable *FP! PP" items, no
regular *FP! PP" parade as per prescribed authority schedule are conducted in
the field by the supervisors. Inspection of *FP! PP" items is not carried out
(@
before the start of the work. *his defective and unsafe *FP is a cause of an
accident.
LACE OF S/PER1ISION
It has normally been observed that supervisors do not supervise the work
personally and the workers are not informed about the un)safe areas. *he
workers are not stressed upon to adopt safety measures. /nauthori'ed un)
skilled persons are not restricted to work on live lines. Bo follow up action is
taken, by the supervisor, to check whether work has been carried out according
to standard specification an all un)necessary *FP material has been removed
form the site and all the workers have been collected. Instructions are not issued
to the linemen to keep away before energi'ation of the line, which can result in
an accident.
INS/FFICIENT CO4PLAINT CENTERS C STAFF
Staff posted at the complaint office is some time over burdened ofwork in
far flung areas. *hey work day and night due to urgency and this over
burdening may cause an accident.
ACCIDENT D/RIN+ TRANSPOTATION
*he accidents during transportation of employees generally occurr due to&
riving the vehicle too fast
Bot observing the traffic sign and signals
$verloading of vehicle
While carrying long poles not fastening of red indication on the portion of poles
out site the vehicle, for signal to other vehicles.
Sitting of workers traveling in open vehicle in improper way.
riving of vehicle by peoples having no e1perience.
(A
Parking of vehicle in improper manner.
ACCIDENT D/RIN+ HANDLIN+ OF 4ATERIALA D/E TO
POOR HO/SE EEEPIN+ AND D/RIN+ WORE IN FIELD.
While handling and storing if proper safety measures are not taken they
may cause accidents or damage to material. Similarly in office slippery floors,
in)sufficient light, in)sufficient ventilation, etc may cause accidents. Also while
working in field e1tensive sunlight may cause sun)stroke in summer. Working
in areas where wild animals e1ists without taking safety measures is also
harmful to life.
FAIL/RE TO PRO1IDE FIRST AID TO 1ICTI4
If in time first aid is not provided to victim it can result into conversion
of non)fatal accident to fatal accident. $r injured limbs may become dead for
life.
CHAPTER - 9
RE4EDIAL 4EAS/RES TO PRE1ENT ACCIDENTS
WAPA Power Safety #ode was issued long ago, but accidents could not
be controlled, and are increased at an alarming rate due to the following
unattended main reasons.
a. *he safety procedure has not been followed properly.
b. *here are some other causes still to be sorted out.
In accident Prevention, two of the most effective actions can be
taken&)
I. 5irst, become the sworn enemy of accident causes, seek them
and eliminate them out before they damage us.
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II. Second, become a Sherlock <olmes, when an accident occurs,
investigation and analy'e until you have answers as to how and
why it occurred.
Accident in WAPA has now become a C(roni Di"ea"eA and
when a disease becomes #hronic the octors have to make
detailed laboratory tests and investigation. Similarly, if we want
to control accidents, we will have to sort out the real and root
causes of accidents. We will have to see&)
Whether we have e2uipped our linemen with intact
*FP
Whether transport facilities are available for smooth
running of field officesE And
Whether our worker is mentally satisfied with his jobE
In addition to the above we can prevent accidents by just taking ordinary
measures. 5or e1ample, the seriousness of a shock depends on the path of the
current takes through the body and a small current passing through the heart is
much more critical than a current passing between two fingers of the same
hand. *esting for live current with one hand instead of two reduce the risk of a
dangerous shock by making current less likely to flow through the heart.
Accident Preventions have been divided into two parts&
1. +ENERAL PRE1ENTION
.. PRE1ENTI1E 4EAS/RES TO DE ADOPTED
D/RIN+ PERFOR4ANCE OF IOD
1. +ENERAL PRE1ENTIONS
5ollowing are the :eneral Preventions&)
A1AILADILITY OF TJP AND P.P.E.
0,
$ne of the main problem being faced in the sub ivision since long is the
e1treme shortage of line *FP and personal protective e2uipment for e1ample
rubber, protective gloves F insulated pliers etc. it is impossible to control
accidents unless F until we e2uip our linemen with intact *FP. All the field
officers right from .S up to #hief "1ecutive have definite responsibilities as
regards availability F inspection of *FP and these responsibilities must be
fulfilled so that ade2uate and standard *FP may be made available to the line
staff.
RE1ISION OF YARDSTICE S/PER1ISORY AS WELL AS
LINE STAFF
ue to non)creation of new sub ivisions the numbers of consumers
have increased manifold but yardstick has not been revised proportionally.
3ost of the Sub ivisions are supplying electricity to more than 0,,,,,
consumers. In some cases this figure is touching 4,,,,, but available
strength of supervisory and line staff is the same as was at the time when the
sub division was established and numbers of consumers at that time were
only ;,,,, to A,,,,.
A1AILADILITY OF TRANSPORT
It has repeatedly been mentioned in WAPA safety code that a
lineman should not climb up the structure without ladder, but there is no
facility in the complaint centers for shifting ladder to site of work. If a
lineman has to attend 0, complaints then how can we e1pect that he will
shift ladder to each site of work on his shoulders. We all admit that financial
condition of WAPA is not good, but this problem can be solved by shifting
of vehicles from less important organi'ations.
A1OID /N-NECESSARY PRESS/RE D/RIN+ E4ER+ENCIES
0(
It is common practice that when lines are de)energi'ed for
performing maintenance works or when supply is interrupted due to some
fault public makes hue F cry and starts e1erting pressure through telephone
calls and officers put pressure on field staff for early restoration of supply.
/nder these situations WAPA basic safety policy must be kept in mind that
No operating on!ition or #rgen$ o% "er&ie an
e&er '#"ti%$ en!angering t(e )i%e o% an$one.*
REHADILITATION OF DISTRID/TION NETWORE
*he deteriorated condition of distribution system needs immediate
re)habilitation. If financial constraints do not permit us to re)habilitate the
system, we can improve the situation by alternative measures.
4EETIN+S
Safety meetings may be conducted for Supervisors, employees or
other group, but in every case the purpose is to stimulate or maintain
safety interest.
*hese meetings should be held between the "1ecutives and
Supervisors to formulate policies, initiate a safety program or plan
special activities. 3eeting of all employees, sometimes including
families, or even the entire community, to serve special purposes also to
00
discuss the specific accidents or to review safety instruction. It is also
advisable to show video drama prepared by WAPA safety directorate
may be made available at sub division level for showing to staff members
and their families to educate them and arouse them to take safety measure
during the job.
SAFETY POSTERS
Posters are meant to reach large number of people on the move
with brief, simple message, designed to accomplish one or more missions to
convey information to change attitude or to change behavior. Safety posters
are one of the most visible evidence of accident prevention work.
P/RPOSE OF POSTERS
(. Posters properly used have great value in a safety program through their
influence on attitude F behavior.
0. *o remind employees of common human traits that causes accident.
4. *o impress people with the good sense of working safely.
8. *o suggest behavior patterns that help prevent accidents.
;. *o inspire a friendly interest in the company safety efforts.
>. *o foster the attitude that accidents are mistakes and safety is a mark of
skill.
@. *o remind employees of specific ha'ards.
PRE1ENTI1E 4EAS/RE TO DE ADOPTED D/RIN+
PERFOR4ANCE OF IOD
04
5ollowing preventive measure should be adopted while performing
maintenances, repair and construction work on electric line and other
installation.
IOD DRIEFIN+
"1perience has proved the importance of job briefing in prevention
of accidents. *here fore job briefing shall be made a part of every job
regardless of its si'e. All the workers should be present during briefing.
"1plain to workers.
a. What is to be doneE
b. Why it is to be doneE
c. Where it is to be doneE
d. When it is to be doneE
e. <ow it is to be doneE
f. Who is to do itE
DE-ENER+I,ATION OF LINE
%efore starting work the line should be de)energi'ed if work is to
be done on (( G.H line Ipermit to workJ should be obtain by supervisor
from authori'ed person of :rid Station. ..S should ensure that trolley of
circuit breaker has been racked out and proper caution notice has been
placed on control panels. It is matter of e1perience that ..S6s avoid taking
P*W6s. Instead they dis)connect the supply from )5uses installed on
(( G.H feeders for making sections. It must be avoided. In case lengthy
feeder if it is unavoidable then )fuse links must be removed and one person
should stay at )fuse to ensure de)energi'ation.
08
If work is to be carried out on ..* line then it should also be
de)energi'ed from sub)station and staff members be deputed at the sub
station and street light switch. So that any other employee may not energi'e
.* line or street light phase during the e1ecution of work.
EARTHIN+
It is the most important step. <.* and .* lines should be grounded
from both sides to avoid un)e1pected energi'ation. %efore starting the work
of earthing it should be ensured that line is dead. 5or this purpose high
voltage detector can be used. Authority has already issued strict instruction
on this issue and all the alternate sources of supply must be discounted with
out discrimination to avoid chances of feed back. Similarly the consumers of
big ba'aars and shopping center must be made bound to install change over
switches, if they want to use generator as alternative supply.
PHYSICAL FITNESS
%efore deputing any line man to work on line it must be seen that
he is physically and mentally fit and is not under the influence of any drug
or addiction. <is clothes are not too lose and he is free of metallic items
specially lockets and chains.
PROPER 4AN FOR PROPER IOD
Proper man should be deputed for proper job. A...3s should not
be allowed to work on line in any case.
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/SE OF PROPER LINE TJP
While performing the work, proper * F P should be used. .ineman
should not be allowed to climb up without ladder and safety belt should be
properly tied with structure or pole. Some linemen tie their safety belt with
cross arm, knee brace or conductor which should be avoided.
DEHA1IOR OF WOREER D/RIN+ EKEC/TION OF IOD
While performing job employee should be alter, neither he should
be over confident nor confused. Practical joking or horse play must be
prohibited. Bo employee shall distract attention of other workers form their
job. A. ..3. should not leave lineman unattended.
FOLLOW /P
It is important that fre2uent checks be made as job progress to be
sure that&)
Plans are being followed and correct work methods are
being used.
Workers are carrying out their assigned responsibilities.
All un)e1pected ha'ards have been recogni'ed and are being
proper handled.
CARE DEFORE RE-ENER+I,ATION OF LINE
After completion of job, the site should be cleared and no *F P item or
material should be left on line. %efore cancellation of P*W and re)energi'ation
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of line the supervisor should ensure that the crew has gathered and no one is
missing and temporary earthing has been removed.
TRAININ+ OF LINE STAFF RE+ARDIN+ FIRST AID
TECHNIG/ES
*he field staff should be trained regarding the techni2ues of first aid for
injured persons.
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CHAPTER :
RECO44ENDATIONS AND CONCL/SIONS
RECO44ENDATIONS
4et(o!o)og$ an! 2e(ani"2 %or t(e i2p)e2entation o%
"tan!ar! "a%et$ pratie".
Accident prevention can be made possible only through wholehearted co)
operation or all members of the crew ! organi'ation. Beither management,
supervision, nor the Safety #ode alone can prevent accidents without the help
of each employee CS"!K"B! $! S!.3!A.3D.
1. S$ should educate the line staff not to do work in hurry up condition
and not to be over confident and should ensure the non)working of un)
authori'ed A.3s on lines.
.. S$ should educate the A.3s to keep watch towards the un)safe acts of
.3 when he is working on poles ! lines and should emphasi'e the .3 to
work safely using all safety measures. At lease one spot checking report
be carried out during one week under intimation to y. 3anager CSafetyD.
6. S$ ! .S be made responsible to educate the line staff and not to do
work without ensuring the isolation of work place ! provision of
temporary earthing at both sides of work place. K"B ! S$ be made
responsible for non)use of PP"!*FP and non)observance of safety
measures by supervisory ! line staff.
8. 7ob briefing should be made mandatory before start of any work. K"B
SSF* be made responsible for any negligence ! illegal co)ordination of
:rid Station staff with $peration staff to control the situation as many
accidents have been occurred due to this very reason.
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9. Presence of supervisory staff on all major break downs ! e1ecutions be
made obligatory. K"B should ensure the e1ecution of work after
arrangement of P*W instead of availing benefit of .oad Shedding time.
:. K"B should ensure the holding .of daily 3orning Assembly and
PP"!*FP parade F safely lecture regularly on monthly basis by all
S$s.
;. *otal network needs to be surveyed, patrolled and all Safety <a'ards to
be identified and removed so as to ensure safe working environment for
the field staff. K"B should ensure the removal of all defects e1isting in
distribution system to avoid accidents. "specially, he should check the
replacement of 9ora fuses, deteriorated P# poles and naked joints in
service cables during his visit of S!iv. Indicators should be provided at
all feeders, both at :rid Stations and at diversion points to avoid any
mishap because of incorrect identification of feeders, some times resulted
Into occurrence of serious accidents.
?. Hery important points of Safety code be prepared in /rdu version.
@. "1emplary punishment should be given to all delin2uents held
responsible for violation of safety precautionary measures or held
responsible for .occurrence of fatal ! non)fatal accidents. All officers, ,
those who are held responsible for accidents should also be dealt strictly.
1B. esign deviation in construction of distribution system immediately be
stopped.
11. K"B!S$ be made responsible for the occurrence of accidents as it
shows their loose control and negligence.
1.. Steps to be taken for economical satisfaction of line staff.
16. All newly inducted S$s ! .Ss ! A.3s should be properly trained
regarding safety measures at 9egional *raining #enters before deputing
them for duty in field.
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18. Performance of Safety Inspector CSafety #o)coordinatorsD deputed for
promotion of safety culture at #ircle level have been assigned duties
other than safety. Some times y. 3anager CSafetyD is assigned
additional duties other than safety which is absolutely against the rule
hence no additional job be assigned to y. 3anager CSafetyD.
19. It has been observed that some times only lineman attends the faults
single handedly. Bo A.3 accompanies to assist the lineman. *his culture
must be stopped.
4,
CONCL/SION
1. T(e e)i2ination o% /n"a%e At" an! /n"a%e Con!ition i" t(e
on)$ "#re <a$ to 2ini2i7e ai!ent".*
.. No operating on!ition or #rgen$ o% "er&ie an e&er '#"ti%$
en!angering t(e )i%e o% an$one.*
4(