AQUACULTURE EUROPE 2007CONFERENCE , October 24 - 27, 2007 - ISTANBUL

TURKEY

COMPARATIVE STADY OF FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF CASPIAN SEA

GOLDEN MULLET FILLET AND ROE OILS (Liza aurata Risso, 1810)
MASOUD HEDAYATIFAR
1
' AND SOHRAB MOEINI
2
1Assistant ProIessor oI Agricultural College, Islamic Azad University Po Box: 163, Ghaemshahr
branch, Iran, Tel.: 98. 123. 2240672; Fax: 98. 123. 2240090, e- mail: PersiaIishgmail.com
2 Associate ProIessor oI Agriculture College, Tehran University, Karaj, Iran.
Introduction
Golden mullet (Li:a aurata Risso, 1810) is one oI the mullet species which is a coastal
migratory Iish and important Ior Iood and roe. It is principal economic Iish oI Caspian
Sea and consumers preIer it Ior nutrition. Golden mullet usually live in sea and is very
durable to ecological Iactors (as salinity, oxygen, etc.) except cold water. Many studies
have been conducted on Iish Ilesh and its oil. Fish Ilesh is composed oI high quality
proteins and lipids (oils) that are high in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated Iatty
acids (Ackman, 2005; HedayatiIard and Moeini, 2003). Fish oils generally contain 20
saturated and 80 unsaturated Iatty acids (Grn et al. 1999).
Fatty acid components oI Iish oils vary with several Iactors such as sex, nutrition,
catching season, species, maturity, temperature, etc. The caviar produced Irom some
Caspian Sea ostei-Iish roes like Li:a aurata is partly popular, in Northern provinces oI
Iran. The Iatty acid composition oI the roe generally resembles that oI the Iish Ilesh oils.
The goal oI present study was to investigate the Iatty acid compositions oI Caspian Sea
golden mullet Iillet oI Iranian origin, and its roe oils.
Materials and Methods
Golden mullet (Li:a aurata, Risso, 1810) samples were obtained Irom northern Caspian
Sea in autumn, 2005. The average length oI golden mullet was 41.75 Cm. and the
average weights oI golden mullet and its roe were about 0.875 kg and 0.208 kg,
respectively. Prior to analysis, the Iish were gutted. And Iish roes were used as raw
caviar. All Iish and roe samples were immediately transIerred to the laboratory. The oils
were analyzed Ior Iatty acid proIile using gas-liquid chromatography with a Ilame
ionization detector (FID) and attached to an integrator (Shimadzu-A Japan) (AOAC,
1990). The injected sample was 1 microlitre with the condition oI carrier gas Helium 45
ml/min, Hydrogen 40 ml/min, air 500 ml/min, column temperature 190C, injection port
temperature 200C and detection port temperature 210C.
The results were subjected to tests ANOVA and Duncan using the soItware 'SPSS Ior
window, XP.
Results and Discussion
The Iatty acid compositions oI golden mullet and its roe oils are summarized in Table 1.
Palmitic acid (C16:0) was the dominant saturated Iatty acid in all samples. The
predominance oI C16:0, C16:1 and C18:1, Iatty acids in golden mullet and its roe may
be attributed to the Iish diets (Sengr, et al., 2003). Fatty acid composition oI Iish lipid
was highly dependent on a number oI Iactors, especially Iish diets (Sathivel et al., 2002).
Levels oI palmitoleic (C16:1), oleic and (C18:1) acids oI golden mullet Iillet oil were
17.32 and 17.09 respectively.
Other unsaturated Iatty acid contents oI golden mullet Iillet oil, such as arachidonic
(C20:4), eicosapantaenoic (C20:5) and docosahexaenoic (C22.6) were signiIicantly high
with 1.49, 2.24, and 3.55, respectively.
AQUACULTURE EUROPE 2007CONFERENCE , October 24 - 27, 2007 - ISTANBUL
TURKEY

Table 1. Fatty acid composition of Caspian Sea Golden mullet fillet and roe oils
(Liza aurata)
Fatty acids
14:0 16:0 16:1 18:0 18:1n9 18:2n6 18:3n3 20:0 20:4 n6 20:5n3 22:6n3
Fillet 5.42 14.39 17.32 2.14 17.09 5.96 8.72 0.54 1.49 2.24 3.55
Roe 1.02 6.45 21.33 2.01 19.51 6.77 7.34 1.50 1.46 5.83 6.35
Major Iatty acids oI roe oils were C16:0, C16:1, C18:1, C18:2 C18:3, C20:5 and C22:6.
These results agree with the results reported by Lu et al. (1979), Sengr, et al. (2003)
and HedayatiIard and Shabani (2005).
The total monounsaturated Iatty acid contents oI mullet Iillet and roe oils were 34.41
and 40.48, respectively. On the other hand, total polyunsaturated Iatty acid contents oI
mullet Iillet and roe oils were 21.96 and 7.5, respectively. Regarding to the lipid
percentage and in the amounts oI C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, C18:1, C20:5 and C22:6 Iatty
acids, there is diIIerent signiIicant between the Iillet and roe, statistically (P0.05).
In conclusion, present study revealed the Iatty acid compositions oI golden mullet Iillet
and roe oils in spawning period oI golden mullet, which have not previously been
studied in Iran. C16:0, C16:1 and C18:1 were the most abundant Iatty acids in Iish and
roe oil samples. We think, Iurther experiments should be carried out on golden mullet
Iillet oil oI diIIerent seasonal periods.
Acknowledgements
We thank the ProI. Amin Keyvan (Islamic Azad University), ProI. Robert G. Ackman
(Canadian Institute oI Fisheries Technology), and Dr. M. YouseIian (Ecology Researcs
Center oI Caspian Sea) Ior their scientiIic helps. We thank also the Persia Fisheries
Industries Company Ior their support.
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