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Description:
In the literature there are a few authors and inventors who imply
that they can produce edible protein products. U.S. Pat. Nos.
3,615,657, and 3,972,861 teach the production of edible
cottonseed protein concentrates by what is now known as the
liquid cyclone process (LCP). LCP disintegrates cottonseed
kernels and separates pigment gland there from in a non-polar
solvent, such as hexane.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,895,003 and 3,965,086 deal with the preparation
of protein concentrates from oilseed flours by employing air
classification. These two disclosures are not concerned with the
removal of pigment glands and the subsequent production of low
gossypol cottonseed flours. In both instances only glandless or
deglanded flours were employed.
EXAMPLE 1
Products:
TABLE I
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Cottonseed Flakes Air-Classified Cottonseed Flour Moisture
Gossypol Content Yield Protein* Free Total H 2 O Lipids % % % %
%%%
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EXAMPLE 2
Products:
TABLE II
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Cottonseed Air-Classified Cottonseed Flour Flakes Gossypol
Drying Yield Protein* Free Total H 2 O Lipids Method % % % % %
%
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Through-flow
Across-flow
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EXAMPLE 3
TABLE III
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Flake Air-Classified Cottonseed Flour Lipid Gossypol Content
Yield Protein* Free Total H 2 O Lipids % % % % % % %
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2.50 31 60.9 0.040 0.080 7.74 1.50
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EXAMPLE 4
Products:
TABLE IVa
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HIGH-TEMPERATURE, SHORT-TIME HEAT EXPOSURE Air-
Classified Cottonseed Flour Heating Avail- Gossypol Time able
Protein* Free Total H 2 O (Min.) Lysine** % % % %
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The data of Table IVa shows that heat applied in a high velocity
through-flow type dryer can reduce free-gossypol in air-classified
products by short heat exposure times without damaging protein
quality as indicated by available lysine.
TABLE IVb
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LOW TEMPERATURE, LONG-TIME HEAT EXPOSURE Air-Classified
Cottonseed Flour Heating Avail- Gossypol Time able Protein* Free
Total H 2 O (Hrs.) Lysine** % % % %
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The tabulated data of Table IVb shows that moderate heat can
be used to reduce free-gossypol in air-classified products while
not damaging the protein quality, as indicated by available lysine.
A more efficient means of heat-treating could probably be used
whereby free-gossypol reductions could be accomplished in
shorter heating times. Here a much higher free-gossypol-
containing protein can be converted to edible protein by the
application of heat.
EXAMPLE 5
TABLE V
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Cottonseed Air-Classified Cottonseed Flour Hulls Gossypol
Content Yield Protein* Free Total H 2 O Lipids % % % % % % %
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