g Z',

DxsZgzZZ #
Z]uz

!Z Z`


=Z )x

Y 2014ag o 3:{g o 25:

CZ?Z**
]| /g (y{i Z
u**
]| :^ne

mvj] n

o
2

,
k
ZKg

7 ~i *y{ZyZ/
13
h& @Zi
20

**
y{g q

37
45
52

pi Z e
tg
vZ
Zt

55
57

Z
hyZ/

u
/Vs x ~
X g2gzZ]ZZy]#

^] ]
csZ g2gzZ<
Vc*
0Z$Vz+
l^] l^u
]Z W,
@*
}gzq
-ZZ

^ %u^f
( 2)tg Z+**
:[f
( 2)Mg0ZgzZ Z
Mk
K
l^ne]
~],
Z e5:*
` znZ%Z

~ZZ@Zig q1Z
m

**
y{g q
mvi r

*wgxWz6,
Zx ZVxWz6,
ugzx ZWz6,
-q **

Lzzi
+Z- ~Oa
hyZ/
CZy{ZY
n
n^j]

t ZiZ/%+Z**
q /yq
C

ni f

^ja] m

1n 1 ke^j

^i

q
C

Z=Z

=Z)x

9zg 300:

!Z Z`
 331
7

1 ne

!Z Z`
 r !*
!Z ZKY !Z Z`
Zz
E ;
0306-6426001

www.alsharia.org aknasir2003@yahoo.com

gezg e.i6,
Z&:, X @Ziy{Zq : **

Z e O%Z 25

Vs x ~
LZ6,b Zy 0*
s M JZ~c ZY 1948 15b Z
WZZ
+
: ~[
sZx < c&
+ a^g \ MB t $Z e
$.~L L
x [fX Ve 9 z [} M Bg Z C gzZ
nZ {7 @*
kCC
gzZ K Za b)i.
**
a+
M
KZ
Zz 6,R@gzZ w V
KZ x t X Y X
:
L Vl@ z Zz ~ x s ', kZ X [ x **
~ ug Z D
+
2~g _
OZ + F,
+z!*
$
] Z Zz] Z XZ zgzZ F,QKZ[f*X
{ M kZ *
*g (Z gzZ b ! fXnq
-Z KZ ~ g @*
wZj Z z szLZpk
,
KZ X w2~g Y 7
) !*
J
-}

**
7t *x q
-ZF
F6,
s ZgzZwC xsZgzZ ._
7Zx t +
M
KZgzZ Z Z n
CZ y=g fT
X F,
gzZo ]
OZzb #kZ

wZgzZ]c*
[fJ
-Zx oz!*
e
$Z@ZzkZ y 0*
!*
1
$
+~g t X g} 73 C[ x b & Z~ kZgzZ ;g^._*Zz
V- g { ngzZ V2 } F,
x VZ [fgzZ x ~~ u
: t Z]kZxj%i
L Tg F} H
:
f
e Zz g Z
x {ozyZZ}g gzZ c*
gu ~g x T
2014ag ( 2) m] )x

] w kZx k#zggzZ 6,g2$

+ o ] Z BB
X 7g a3 Zg a
] i Z x ~x
HH{z kZ ~g2C
Zz **
~ y 0*
egT#
L
L
H~ Fi ~f 380g Mg2Y 1973 X Y
X } !*
gn
3 Cc*
sZ {g Z Z Zz 6,g~g2a% J e~sZ2Z

: c*
g Z
~Y 1969c

+ A ~g !*
zg gzZ V
yxg VgzZ Vzg Z Z Z
Z x ~g {L L
E
H
3" 8
5Gu
- C M ~ p !*
g {z CY ~ F,
(,*
c Z 6,g Z ~
~ HG3G
{z *
@Y c*
~ 0
+
i97 gzZ -.
$i
+zZ6,
~{z @*
Y c*
Z
6,V
b}i 5 ~g ugzZ Vzg Z Z V1BBkZgzZ
~ !*
g
X qNgzZx Zw'gx tZ nq
-Z Z
Y q
-Z !Zj x w gzZ 8{ x ~ kZ Cc*
sZ
w z~ ]g6,m,
zyZ
H~T7t #
Y 1980 y 25 ^g7g
X YYHu 0*
uy 0*
g0
+Z
2Z ~z%x ~ T Hg Zzq
-Z~kZ~Y 1990
Z z
._<
L zy M
2 Z yZJ
-Y 1992 y 30 {ze
$Z@V!*
gzZ z { ^
,Y
XN Yx lpJ
-Y 1992J2Z
 t:gzBsp
) T],

Z hZ~y 0*
s M ^g*4s ]g @*
kZ
Z z

w ]~
z ^g*4gzZ
Hc*
la kZ ~ 1999 @*
o6,
Z zJ
-Y 2001 y {z D}
Z
~@*
O 6,kZ #
gzZ ~iZ%hZg hZ [Z t1X}u 0*
X 3g Zg V1w
V { Zg {uA
$kZyZgz{ &z
/
6,q
- >BL L~: kZ
]gzxb!*
~g Y ZKgzZ sZ ^ sZ
) ) >Z
) )
/
%yxg
>BL L!ZjhZ
) k
,
i~
Z z c*
0*
t ~X
Vog ~g Y4z]
.~zd yzsZ^gzZ sZ
) ) y 0*
2014ag ( 3) m] )x

xq
-Z n Za M z ~g Z~ x ZgzZ rz
yzz*g b!*
akZ~
szZ Zg ~g Z)f .wZgkZgzZ
HHx **
y 0*
ZZq
-L Lxg
X {
Z e ~g Z 2) { Z **
zg s Z **
y{ Z **
~ wZg
g BZq **
[ ~g ~g y{g Zuos Z**
}ZZ epZ6,Zh
+

~g **
yq **
zZVx! zZZ**
G q[ ~ 7,zg
] Z|X
yY w= c*
gzZ [ gz Z i {z ~ @ Z gzZ Z Z
ZgzZ**
<g?**
~ yZ e
$zG @*
=g f] !*
igzZ o
f .
m{g ~&Zc **
gzZ xZ **
s Z@Zi Z e g g Zzi ~g **

Z6,kZ X
HH o6,g ZZ x- L L~gz
21 6,g i M kZ X
$k
BB #
wz
 x ~~ ]h ug MZ G.9E Y hgzZ x ZY fA
] x ~o {z Hc_ #
gzZ Hf V1w~@*
]4g
X}g Z{ Zgf x sZ
',!*
kZ lg Z
/
V.g gzZ V { ZgZ[ !*
g Zx ZY f] 4gzZA
$kx ~o
X , Z Zg Z~] ux q
-B}g ~g

X g2gzZ] Z Zy]#

-ZyZ ~ V{z!*
J
VzzgzZ VIzg~ ] Z Z yxg y]gzZ #

7VszZogzZ]uz0#
Z&
Vz {zgzZ
{ c*
i yZgzZ V- CZZ %Z X , eC
iZkZ )g f ] Z Z n
pg
gzZ u{z c*
wj Z9t t M M MgzZ < Zg f Zc*
z
] c*
gzoVz M MgzZ<X ]gzg (Zio Z{ c*
i~}g !*
kZ
;g Yk(,yj ~kZpB
bgwk Z gzZx m,
z ~
Xz.
aZzZsVz {z ;g Y*
c J (,
Z S)c*
tdZ qVzyZgzZg/~ kZ 6,dZ Sq \vZ
Cy 0*
2
2Z )~ogzZ
Hc*
g Z
0*
4 !*
<
L zy M
gzZ Sq \vZ O
x <g2 kZa kZ X ~ $J% J e ._ <
L zy M
2 Z x
2014ag ( 4) m] )x

s Z s ZZ kZgzZ 4z]
.x ZY f',
Za kZgzZg2 ] !*
g Z

/
Z**
?**
~ V Zz g Z
g2 sZ ZgzZ K
M F,
z +zD
+g2 kZYX

Z f**

ZgZ {
**
*
Zg **
v
Z **

Z **
~
zg ZD
_x **

~g Z z g2 kZgzZ
Z z DIZ',
Z
Zg^Wz6,gzZ ~
C
i Z Z **

**
y
Y**

Z**
/Z **
{z] Z|!*
{g~V ZzVZ
X Vc*
x **
y{ Z**
gzZ
Z**

g **
~
+ Z
gzZ +zgX Z 7c*
sZ g2 7tX + IZ !Zj g2
5_
5G4H
gE
.I
7tiXkZX Z3gn]d sZ g2 Ttzg: No H3E
Z
=g f q
- Z
 ',
iq
-Z+ IZ x t Y c*
g Z g2 }u
5_
5G4H
gE
.I
Z
V;Zpf <X ,g66, Mg6,] d sZ g2gzZ sptzg CZ H3E
X 7gz { c*
iw2<x Z kZ
/Z
$Zzg 2Z ~k
e
,
gzZg2 ~k
,
~xsZ @*
Yc*
0*
t6,gx $q
-Z!Zjg2
XZz s ] !*
t X n
pg wy gzZg2 <
L zy M

 Zg { Z',
7
6,

Z yzg ; >ZZ
- 1Zx Z]|!*
y zg2~ g @*
sZ
6,b) kZgzZ wZ
M gZ ~
Cp
/Z~T HA
$% x **
` ZZ[ L L
H6,

>ZZy zg2tX
J
-u~kZ gZ Cg ZgzZ OZX

{!*
~ gzZ
gzZ ~
gzZ x **
6
hZ x IZ L LbZ X ;g ) Z **
7]!*
h
+]
.zt gzZ B
bgzg z + zD
+{!*
g2 z y ?Y Zg H Z c x
1Z
d

$ggzZyQX ; g YH{ .ZJ

-[ ZX] }
.dgz\zZyz

6,gy zg2o7zs{zZx d x **
t :Z z2 Z L L~gz
)
-Y 1857~R',
J
X g Z **
}g7gzZKA
$%
x ZY fg/oy 0*
x
y 0*
g2gzZ] ~g2.22 Zg Z
x
1Z
- 1Z x Z X 7q Z Z 5{z Hx ~ Z ~ ]g ] d sZ

xsZ 4z]
.dZ x ZY fVz%yZgzK
d
$ggzZgzZ ~
gzZ
X 7i
 gs ZZ kZgzZ ._VgzZVZ

s{],
Z kZgzZc_y]sf < ]!*
{ Zeb W,@*
t s~uz
y 0*
x y 0*
g2pf sZ <a kZ X zJ
-V {i lg
2014ag ( 5) m] )x

&
 o **
76,g:%BV{ i @*
z skZ X ]gzZ x ~g7 gzZ
u**
CZx ~) gkC]gzkZ[ Z #
p6,
Xt q
-ZX V
gZz~^g*4~Oag Z=r.t~uzgzZk
,
/**
a6,cg 9
]|tX 7g {g e%Kg (Zx /
/
]|a B~o 6,
~g7 xsZs: ZsZ <Vzt ? H~g ~)gzZx
X g Y
W]gzk
,
/**

a*
x **
.
.
<L L g 0*
~#
gz LZ pi ZVxWZk
,
iz
I kZx g Z
Y *4<
L zy M
p
/Z~ kZ c*
7Z G{zc*
Zg
yZ HgzZ 1 :Zz.
t pi ZVxHp Hg Z ] 6,T
Hc*
g Z

Iax
 u ?7~gz Mg6, .
<L LkZ#

8@ M kZpX Bx Z MgcgzZ f .

< L LkZ ~V!*

0
+
i
i Z p ZgzZ **
Y K i Z0
+Z}g Z
X y]s<gzZ
g7Zce xgg Vi yZ g EZ @gzZ Vx Hr
# VxX
rg 7
g ymq
-Z
/
r
# VxgzZ gaYgz .
<gzZ<
X x
/
ua Zg7} Z kZ
y]Xce U*
6,iLZ LZVh
Vzt ]
gZ
/yZ ~g
y 0*
g2
#
gzZXce *
*g (Z: ZI|} ],
Z E!~}g !*
Vz
/Z Xce
_C
!*
wp V { ^
,Y i Z " <
gzZ sz Z y 0*
gzZ V: [ x ]Z Z 7zz 1x ~I | Vh

Xn: i M wg Zpq
-Z!Zj4 !*
<

2014ag ( 6) m] )x

 g ZzZg M

^] ]

**Zt :W/*~i *y{ZyZ/

cgzZsZg2gzZ<
?Y **
~ y 0*
<y ;g Y c*
VZ wZt +
$Y VZV yZ
Y **
~ ] Z <gzZ V
@*
Y HnZ Z
t [ Z y WwZkZ ? aVZ g af < V[ Z m<!*
] !*
kZX Y **
"<D"~ y 0*
zg y gzZg2y 0*

X CY7~sf
: CZ
+Vc*
g Z)fz ( Z ) 227i g2
X YH}WxsZx Zg~<
L zyW
2 Z {x L
L ti z Z
y sZ) t kZ X Y 7~i y x x Z yZ L
L t 3U*
X Yc*
7
g g7g KZ ._V ~g2 Cc*
sZa~g7 ~g Z)f
za g Z
xZ CWx xsZ x Z ] b
2Z X2X
X @*
YH cg ~
Zz
& ~ 229i g2a5Z Z ~g Z)f ~g2 ~uz 0~i y { iXc*
5
a }W xsZx Z }z y { iX zg kZ
HH g
{ iXg 0*
I w[ Z )
/Z @*
X CY q g
70*
]!*
kZi y } ;>!*
c*
z( (3) 229i )X $
g{zy
~i y 6,gx X 7C (Z {z xk!*
gzZ C i {zy { iX{z
nyazee@yahoo.comX !*
M xsZ;gE- sZ Z Zy Wz6,
. *
mushtaqahmad@iiu.edu.pkX !*
MxsZ;gE- sZ Z Zy Wz6,
kZ **

2014ag ( 7) m] )x

 g ZzZg M

2Z cqa}g
zkZX x Z %]gzxgZ
X D Y%]gzx
y D~0*
%Z ~g2 kZa kZ YYc*
7y x xsZa
{ Zp sZ 2Z x tzG:X }W xsZ C (Z

/ZX sZ 2Z x ~ y 0*
:X 7c*

H1{gt ~ yZgzzZ
2Z sZ) D~igzs g2 t kZ }sZ)2Z yZ
X } 7,'zGt:X 7

oIt 0 y 0*
tg/sZ L LX gz
x {zB FrZL L2 zGkZZx ~o tikZ
X sZ2Z
+
$Y Vzm,
Z I W~ zncy 0*
zGt ~^{F,Zg f
P}zn!*
ggzZ 1{ ^
,Y2Z x yZ
ZgzZX @*
;6,2Z
c*
g Z
sZ)2Z P XX
Hc*
g Z
._xsZ2 Z x
Z Zg Zb)
YW^g7g 0yZ Z
# Yc*
wJ e~y sZ gyZ
H
c*

ZgzZ 0e
$Z
2Z X 0yZ
ZZ
# c*

FrZ02Z yZ Z:X sZttzG x Zy 0*

v Z/
X YyZ Dn
sZZB
~ y 0*
t VzGz yZ 02Z Zg gzZ ~i y 5
}W xsZ {zN Y 2Z ~ wX ` YK }W xsZ2Z x
~g |t X sZ 2Z x }g gzZ [ V xsZ2Z :X V
VzGyZZ Z
# ~gz] !*
kZ[ ZX Z e
$.aVpZ
6,
zizeg =Q O%ZakZ ? H Z%~g kZ BFrZ| ZkZgzZ
X D irZa}g ,g Z
:zizeg =
{z @*
)g fLZg Z y T Q :ce **
t wZ a}g :L L
[ 6
,g wV] ; D Zz !*
.t ]zZ ? @*
~
q VZ

# X 8 7sqgzZ Q (Z
Z
/ZX Z
y c*
g20 b

p; @*

!*
6,y g2 X x kZ **
Zc6,kZ Yx
2014ag ( 8) m] )x

 g ZzZg M

z Q~x|kZX @*

!*
6,y {zQ }Wg2
/Z y
9 t @*
X @*
q w~ U*
/y {zy {
[ ]; zgzZ Jx kZ : ; 7~gz) Q2Z gzZ*Z

@*
7,**
{ ] ZgzZ ] DZ [bZgzZ ]; @*
~gz *
*6,V ~ y
(The Nature of Judicial Process) X

} a Wx {z gf zizeg =] Z c*
] DZ V X~ y
^y gz]ZgzZ] DZV x gzZ C7,y C
QX D{ c*
i
X iyi Z gzZ: b)V{zT @*
**
zgzZ b

Dn
t Z
# D Y| (,gzZ gzizeg =f XwZgzZ w DZ t

? @*
~g y o}g ~ gz ] DZt HX ` sZ [ Z 2 Z x
$
4GG
<f y " ; g Y H7{1 6,Tp @*
t :Z y T6,ZkZX @*
SE
5G
: sf E
L i8Qi kZXg~4i "Y 1991

Z
# ( Z ) a y kZ : Y ~ zg <2Z L L

y ?~gzZVZ sZ }g (Z{z
ZVe] Zz y
~g2 }g (Z{z
Z V e] Z',
Z',Z
+Zi c*
z Z
# ( [ ) ; }W
X }W] dsZgzZwZ g0*
g
X ~g (Z: i6,kZaZgzZ may: c*
W shall~]d ~f Vz yZ
y kZ 6a<f "t Z%>
Z^!*
"ay kZ "
p b [ Z kZ H~ b Z rZ^i kZwZt;g !*
"X g2gzZ
Zz xi zg i kZ CZ
+~g Z)ft 6,]Z|yZ y X xi 6,VpZ
X N VZw Zt VpZ0
s ZgzZwsZy Zg7o Y~zg<y ~zg i kZ
/Z
<Z] zZX YWt 6,gZz~ w 0*
g e8
-gtgzZ Y8
-g~8
-g
._ <2Z x ~gzX @*
7~A C
(Zp C{g
Z s
y y }@y v y L 2Z bC
Z% kZX Y
tx|% J e~xsZg X YJ e~xsZg C
X {)z
x i p t
/ZX Y H~ zg <x gz] DZgzZ6,V
2014ag ( 9) m] )x

 g ZzZg M

sZx D:g ez wq]gkZ ` W @*

[YH qz~Y 1991
kZXiu Zz f p!*
<VzZ ] !*
kZ~y
WX ;g Y Hg Z
Zgc_ f <v ` WX YB
gzZ g D
+f <~
tVpZ[ Z w ZkZ ? Y Hf < L LXce *
*g ZZ6,jZf
X YHf ^~g2 < 7<
ceb

? sZg2 ZgH

sZ6,gg2 Zg zg T Hq ~ : + i q
-Z #
z

K m,?6,g. x Z} fi o kZ
]d sZ L L 22 {z ~ kZY
7sZ {z z2Z Hm,
?~gT ( ~gz
9yR,
Z )X
;g Y H Zzt~gTk
,
iX ,sZ yZ ZZ
# VsZ t ;D Y
] 22yZsZZ
# sZg2 ;@*
Y7sZg2 q] 22yZ
X , sZ iC
C
g2 7
kZ ]Z| gzZ x Z} f}g ?g7sZ g2 VY Zt wZ
? HzzkZ g0*
7sZ C
g2Z
/Zce**
xg6,
q
kZ (PLD 1992 SC 559) X c*
~ y 0*
#
x y{ q p
Z[Z wZkZ
k0*
U*
gz w>sg (Z L
~]lm ck
,
iXt~l
g2 Z X 2iC
~ b Z ~g2 ? Ys L
g% % U*
gz c*
X x yxg g (Z ZwC
g 45igzZ CsZ
/Z
c*
g Z

ZidC sZ 45i sZg2 Dnt
c*
g Z
kZ@',kZX 7t
Z @*
X @*
76,Zwmt :Z 45 i @*

G
G
4$ c*
5G
/X $
7G
H~uz g2 Z 2 igzZ 7 "~zq6,g2 " Z 2 i
X B
bgx|~ ZZ CZ C
!*
;sZ "] "22{zsvp Z

: c*
itakZ
Zid? HQisZg2}g7
zuX{gH\vZY c*
VZ wZt 0 ~ V<{g2
/Z :
) ~g>siZkZ ^
,Y**
6,izzuyZ tg (Z ~i y Vg0
+Z
zu{gH\vZ :Zz Z5 Zg kZ
/Z k0*
( g 0*
2014ag ( 10) m] )x

 g ZzZg M
(PLD 1992 SC 559, 621)X $
F,

oag0

+Z

X ~gzt-kZgzZ q }kggz Zp ~g2t

] V;z @*
Y 6,gx zz T Z 7,Z)~ ]g2Z x g2 ~6',
6, kZX
rgw

!*
g 0*
V;z(g2X 7g2 ~k
,
[~ ]g
F,
~ y O"X x {WZg Zidg 0*
gzZ a ":D Q V;z
g ZZ6,x|~C
{za y X D 5g 0*
:ZzZ Q C ]gz
$Z { g 0*
e
x XD7Z Uc*
x| +
$Y KZ~ y gzZD
t [Z ~6',X @*
Y H7(Z V;z ~ k%Z 6g2 ~k
,
V X C)g f
X D6,2 zGg2yz] zZQ V; zgzZ ;g Y@*
spg
kZ X @*
gHK
M F,
yxg ~
. y g2 yz 6,g~k
,
@',g2 yz)
X CqE6,y x g2X Cq4 !*
g2 ~k
,
~]gkZt
2Z 6,
Cx g2 {z @*
Y Htg (Zt a VpZ6, 2zG 4 !*
Z
E
t
X HwEZ ] }kZ a
Z~ d
$
L ~ y 0*
X ,g Z
x
bkZk0*
VpZV;zakZ KK
M F,
kZyxg2Z ~6',
a
X Hq a
Z lg ~zx ~',
g ~ k%Z bT7g(Z
x|V<g2 LZ
/ZX zJ
-} ^
,YVh OZ sg (Z rZt~6',
kZ Csg 0*
bZa WyZBxsZgzZ
X Htg2}g& Cg(ZkZVpZgzZK
M F,
kZyxg2Z
GLZ
kZ LZ a
/Z} Osg 0*
n~Ry{ q f.
%Zt
i g2 hs L
k0*
U*
gzw>$
t{z @*
HwEZ g (Z

F,
~g2 g 0*
X c*
sg 0*
nZg7gzZ H7(Z
Z! x 45
-Z~ y 0*
]Zk
,
} O
54 i kZ~ Y 1997 O X HZ 5q
x
/Z%Z ":F,
sf
~}g !*
D
g (Z#
~}g !*
VzZw ~
Y 7f~ Zw+Z%% U*
gzw > CY ]} Zw~x`
O
kZ c*
)g fy x q
-Z
Z {z m7
Zx Zt kZ " X
! )g fe
$Z { F,
~g2 c*
X )g fy x q
-ZH 45i g2
kZgzZxpZkZq )g fy x q
-Z jkZH 45i
2014ag ( 11) m] )x

 g ZzZg M

$
t V g 0*
z!*
kZ
/Z X 7wEZ IF, yL L~
IF,
t ~ ]d yZY n H{zB]d 0 t~
Ct]!*
W
(15i) g 0
+Z{

oZ
+ y{) L6,
L gwV! wEZ
Z
+yL L(16i ) g 0
+Z

oZ
+y{ ZLL
T $
Z
+F6,
t~
C)g f~iyg0*
O(17i )X g 0
+Z

o
X(Y: s]!*
gzZ~)X~]dy
Z t
/Z g.
] !*
t
y sZ { ^
,Y 248 i 0 ]Z VmvgzZ Cg Z
c6,i kZ~
ZZ
# ~d
$
t] !*
k\Z ? tkZ
H1~ zg
g2 }g X gk
,
i ~ VpZ
z kZ 6 i @*
X
HHi Z0
+Z U kZ g
"~g Z"
Z~zg VZsZ ]!*
kZg OZX gzZq
-ZtiYsZ

? Cx|H
sZt t ~ 2Z : ; 7 ~i y tN~
C:
~ Z X Z x J Ws q]d sZ ~ y c*
g2 X Y^x
**
[ Z Ry{ qh
+
X C b2Z gzZg2 Z %Z kZ Z
X Y07^zgt~{ ZgrZg2~zgy sZ @*
X
Vh LZ kZ p6,Y Z%Zg Z ~ ',~ y Z J
-Y 1966 6, q
-Z Y 1898
Y Z%Zg ZX
HH~l;yx m,
zx ZR,
$7yi wZt X xi~0*
f
kZ qZy g 0*
'gzZ yZ-Z kZ0%Z L
L c*
g Z

7ot)'
~ yZ-Z
m,
z* L Lq
-Z Y Z%Zg Z ~ Y 1966 X $

yZ yZ- Z z!*
+ i 6,gx VhyZ- Z L
L c*
g Z
gzZ 1spt)g f

Zs{zce { c*
i { c*
i
z kZ : X x9s ZZtZ
/Z Ys ZZ
g2y 0*
` W Yc*
g Z t~T m,
z* L Lq
-Z ~~g Y +
$Y a
g2 y 0*
H n7wZtkZX Y~zgy sZ2Z gzZ
? sZ

2014ag ( 12) m] )x

 g ZzZg M

^] ]

*h& @Zi

( 1)

Vc*
0Z$ Vz+

tJ
-Z
# Z s %Z ~ = ] Z sZ V-Y [ xsZ y ( 1
XgC
!*
ZxsZ D Y7] %Z
}uzq

-ZD ~ **
7D 1yxg}g ] %Z ( 2
X { Zez
Y

x F
F6,
= (3
X @*
75H
G4) Z e b<
X @*
Z
ugz*
4 g] %ZtZ Yspx [ ( 4
X Cg ZY)~A

c*
g ( 5
X C70
@gtZ @*
7Z Z Z

c*
ga ( 6
X Cer z
<
Zx

c*
g ( 7
X Ceb!*
Z6,
{] %ZI

c*
g ( 8
X C7 Z~`f
$Z6,

c*
g ( 9
X CZ6,gzZ ~g EZ)

c*
gw_ ( 10
7 ? dLgs 6 I ] Z|+}g ] h
+'
PZgzZt
Di
xi Zc*
} nkZ~}g !*
xi Z|gX D )
)g
LV- 0Z$
L 7b dwyZ ~ ]gX [ w1 YQ c*
gzZ
n
pgt 5 dV+ V }g %Z X ~g d
$
~ ]g~uz
7Z Vzg X yZ + L tY k+
**
w6,V- 0Z$ 7Z
0yZV; DIZ ! fp ` M Kt6,VzX Zz"
$U*
Z (,xi Z
, 7{ ^
,YV- 0Z$x Z +ZP~ y*kZX g7!*
[zd
zahid.siddique@nu.edu.pkX d) Z%s M wjWz6
,
kZ *

2014ag ( 13) m] )x

 g ZzZg M

s',
0
+
iZ<
v+}g , Zg9zZ~yZgyX
w EZa] Z', <
vtgx {zN 3t1DwEZa
$c*
Z~ ]g7
- { c*
i ?Zzg$
+~ ]c*
[{Z F,
LZyZp D
v!*
Z ? zX B/ ]c*
{ Z F,
yZ LZIZg vtt

?[xsZ y ( 1

6 w_V}g 1D Y1V6&!6w_~*Z
# : iq
-Z
-Z Z6,wk s F,c*
q
b & Z sZC
J
- ` MVY!*
gZ6,g~
s %Z ~ =] Z sZ V- Y [ xsZ y L : K6,?
: YH~zg =x ZgzZzsq
-ZxsZ D Y7] %ZtJ
-Z
# Z
` MgT7 +Z s %Z~ =] Z sZ D7gvt 1X <

{yz!*
] %Z F,
x yZ
/Z ; g J
- ` M \zZyz
t
Hi
tzGz=yZ yZ ? Me**
VYq
- kt` M g D `J
-w
gC
!*
kZ 7.
{zt s **
~ 0
+
i Z s %Z ~ wZgzZ%Z T
: 6,+ 7? dt |g X Y: q ) Z6,kZ D+ C
J
-Z
# ~gz
z 0
+
i6 Y c*
6,gzZUC
0
+
iwZt
/ZY:
: YY6,
CyZ }X Y$
a
Zce Y b0*
C1 z ~gi s %Z~%Z kZ ] + C
a /
+C
x J
-Z
# Y c*
@*
-
J
z kZ{)z ~+gzZg M ! pZ z) JZ
X Y: q ) Z ]
[ !*
kZ gzZ ]; z z [ Z kZ p "
$ ] + C
a /
N Y g|Z x Z
/
z6, Zz S"
$~ * ~g Z s %Z ~}g !*
Vh
X Y: q ) ZJ
-Z
#
F,
Z ( c*
) x y ! s %Z ~%Z kZ ] + C
a /
G
34$~* Z
X Y: q ) ZJ
-Z
# N Ybx x V G
gi

g`yZgzZ
V-gF (wZ)+C
a /
XY: q)Z6,
k
Z J
-Z
# Yc*
uzg`g|Z+C
xZs%Z~}g!*

c*

gx yazy

c*
g s %Z~%Z kZ ] (( + C
a /
kZ~g

c*
g~ * Z

g ( ^ykZ e
$g/
/ZgzZ e
$g/e
$% M )
2014ag ( 14 ) m] )x

 g ZzZg M

X Y: q )ZJ
-Z
# Y3gJ
-
z
sq
-ZM M Z s %Z~ =V<~
C M M y + C
a /
X Yc*

0 0
+
i]Y% ZggZx t < gZgfX ~
/Zz : |g t
V!dly M Y SZ yZgzZ Y ~g Z y 7zgz 0
+
i
KZX
C1 z~gi 4c*
g
C!x { "
$bZgxz
zzw z0
+
iKZv
/Z G[Z ? ~gz)%Z y~

c*
gp| (,

gzZxZZzxOZ 0*
~ 6 Cg Z Z 4c*
g z C yZ ~ * ] %Z ~
CLt xE z ] Y % yZ
? zg kZ VY ]%Z 6 g uzg 7 (institutionalization)
X@*M?:Z:+
My
KZaq
-ZZ
# sgzZ+
M]!*
Z

D 7D ~ ( 2

I Z e ~(,w$
+Z: {z
/q
-Z L ( Vz
/I x c*
)<
Z x v6,x kZ
-Z bV ?1yxg}g ] %Z
q
L D W,@*
t<

~] %Z0
+
i'[ @*
Yc*
W,@*
tc*
X D :gzZ 7
}uz
(ZZz%Z
/ZX CZa ] %ZIbTC70*
',w]
.zk
B bkZ
D { ~ Zi M z
L( 5#<
|g )

6,=

Z
# +
$Oh~{7
zk
B Vzuz ~ : M s:t ( D { e
$ z
<
IZ bT )
xg
_ } ?; g 7VYx **
t ` MgzZ g 2VY~ w]
.
E
I
$

t yZ kZ Z
# ) VY0*
gzZ ~ f _4Z ? Hu| HBg !*
_~egzZkzg gzZ?( g} rz
xi ZL
aZ n56,
x **
=?w7
yZQ ? Hu| HBVz yZ V26,*`
? Hu| HBV26,x gzZ
bOy
KZ Vzhz ~ Vl3 M yZJ
- ` M ? Hu|HBV26, Vz
E
28E
? ~ D 3{z( E.G
g1ZgzZ +&
+Zi
+g ) ~VXarz
] c*
yZ
-ZCZ L}uzq
q
-Z

t H ?gnHB}uzq
-Z
x t ` M

~ : M :
L DttQ ?V
a
ZpL}uz
?
g @*
p g @*
<
L2 D :gzZ
)Zq
-Z L rz
kZ Hg?{ ~ Zi M
L Ct YZi7 yZ Q
kZ
Cq ~ Zi M
L Y Y7 t yZ Z
# tnO?k0*
}g vi

2014ag ( 15 ) m] )x

 g ZzZg M

46,xi Z Dx4,
xi Z _ex_x4,
_x
/
g **
Z
CZ CZ LC
~%ZE
-
2.G
.G
wZ t ~ yZgzZ =q
-Z KZ ~ Zi M rz
q
-ZC
)zx4,
ge

7 xEE
:gzZ ) 7 q ) Z ~%Z kZ~ VyZ Z
# X y =

g ~ Zi M
L 7
Z 4,
yxgyZ i

g ~ Zi M wZ
# gzZ
Cq b~ Zi M
L ( Y
] %Z I
/Z ? D] !*
0*
jq
-Z L

c*
g vt 6,
CQ %Z
] ((z ]DV) ?7VY ]%Zt ~ 0*
jq
-Z

c*
g
X ( ~ Zi M rz

yZC MQBV!*
`g
hx ZoC

L D W,
@*
t<
I Z ~g ~(,v6,x kZ

tQ

g Zz ] !*
t
/ZpX Be *
*g (Z #
i aLZ {z
Z : ZI Wx4,
L?g M DVY i~ V2c*
g }uz q
-ZJ
-` M
pg VY ~
n
/
a}: Zg EZ~ * v ?6,x **
q e
$g/zQZg L B
D J (,VY {],
Z V Z yZ@apg o
/6, Zg f z u * ~g7 y
M ?
?? 3g `VYgz$V2c*
g 6,
x **
c^
,
?g Y

Y
5G4)Z eZF
F,
6= ( 3
@*
7H

{oI
L t{zgzZ `
@ Z n6 q
-Zvz

6,=
C7[ Z V!*
yZ Z
#
Y

M zw)a
r z
bzg ( {) 5H
G4) Z e~V Zz+ LZtZ @*
}oI Z ~gz Z @*
Yg (Z w]
.z k
B z q Z 4,
H *
y
!
Y

4) Z e b<
]c*
[Y , g Z2Z6,= O
vt 6,
CZ Zz
/Z X D 75H
G
,g ( xi Zw_
w) ] c*
{Z F,
[I Zg xi Dg<

g *6, ~6, ~ Zi M O X DWzg +gzZ{ Z ] c*
[Y
zz X N ZgzZ s zklkZ L +
M
KZ ~g7
L B~g Z)f Z KZ Z
(In the name 6
,x **
>+
M
KZ L q
-ZC
M%ZZ QZgc*
kzgK Z Z
!&]c*
{Z F,
[yZX @*
DL iarz
] c*
LZ of people)
x Z Z ~g7 ~g7 jT
HHx O V
KZ 6,x **
= CC g @*
KZp bT a\E
WZ',}g7 }g7 x ^R^gzZ w Z T ~
ty
M X 7 g @*
KZ ~g7 nkZ I~1V g ZZ Z {ZYF,
H
E
.2.Z e
G
? HgzZ 7
x

Y
H
.2.Z etQ
G
X ,
Cd{kZ 7g Z ~gz$ Z
KZ *
c %Z Z x E
2014ag ( 16) m] )x

 g ZzZg M

pg6,g mC
=LX @*
0*
gD
=LpZz {=|g
pg7L6,gmkZ vx {z~
{],Z L {zDY (irrational) [)L lp n
r z
L (civilization)+
M
KZ L~ ugz *
kZa gzZ D 0*
gZ
=gzZ C
!*
=
zz O)D 0*
g Z
+
M
KZ L =L Z @*
p g m
Y
4)Z e Z ZC x **
5G
X ( Bs z"gzZ IYC
{ z LZ DWzg +gzZ H
=
bZvzgzZIY [){zq
- 4,
iw_D 7yZZ6,QZgv
-Z t [C
q
L X {)z ={z q
- 4,
Vz Z Z 7b C4~ v
(barbaric) [)gzZ (civilized) [t
L *gzZ rz
bzg Zz ~ ZZ m
Y Z hg[ [)L C =LX 7w ~g ZZ ~z)Lbzg
{a +
M
KZgzZ=Lz
(ZH z
kZ [) {zY
LJ
-Z
# Xk
,
/**

M [)La =DLZ

!*
z
 (the others) )
Zx O &
+Zi
+g x Z Z 8g- QZg OX Lg h{ =L
(
E
E
45E
38E
gzZ uyY) 3g Zzg6,
C
7t( ~p ZG
M%Z ` M bZX bgzZ fG
X @*
g y**
V- g ZjkZgzZ+ @W
gq
-Z =~ * c*
D
Kt {6,:

6,=
z ?t
^Cq
-Zst ]!*
7s%Z 6,
C

CkZ Z B
bgyZZ * ~g6,
T
G

4
M =a [ZX G
KZ e]Zg Z=~ * kZY
z ZZ $
Y 7[ M gm:gzZ 7 eg
c*
X 7ei q Z4,
kZ~ ugz *
=gzZ Tgg D igzZ ]Zg
X Sg 0*
',
Zz( g ~gYJ
-#
izg ) ^n] m o] ^ ^`r]LV

x OZ4s %Z gx F
F,
6= ( 4

x {Z F,
[a
L t{ zD7n~uzq
-ZvgzZ

6,=~KkZ
Y t1X D Z
ugz*
4 q Z 4,gtZDw~zg]!*

Iw z vt H ?: gVY] %Z 3 MyZ~ w & (Z Zz%Z

/Z
QZg yZg )g **
g ZS
n ?g ag ZS
n QZg Y
Zz c*
g L

H
.
E
.2 Z e yZ Zj
pa#+',
ZyZ ` Mp
/Z ] !*
kZ { i Z0
+Z x G
i Z6,g C1) t%Z 7e*
*7[ M {)z e
$g/gzZQZg
I
H (Charles Taylor)Zg e yg e

7g K5!Xcexg ~g z~g YtZ

2014ag ( 17) m] )x

 g ZzZg M

|
# ~g r z
yZZ g @*
g Z] w_~g rz
F,
z] Zz) ~ Zi M
t ggzZ[ Z ^g M u`
o (Z Zg ZyZ H{zX p
H (Rorty)Kg ZgX ~g Z d
$gzZ g @*
KZ ~g Zg ZZyZgzZD ZZ
wZ L[ X @hZ6,RC1) =t%Z Y} 7[ M ~ Zi M ~p
/Z
4Z )
?g Hi ZzzEQs$
+7V\ M ( yZZ C G
5G3E

C+Z Lk0*
xsZ IZ gUt
HHy 6,
zZ A 7 ZnQ
z "
$U*
] !*
T g a Vu

{z M T ( <
L zy M
)
kZ zz ) @*
7] Z`
 Zg KZ LgzZ
 M kZ Y
] %ZzzF
F6,gZB$z Zuzm56,] Zz Z (,q
-Z
7
C q Z 4,g}uL k0*
V26,=yZ~kZX ( ; g {],
Z
g " ]Zg[a gzZ 'gzZ w 5[V X 7
C}uL Q
**
6,g V~$
+Z] %Z F,
x LVZ e**
: e F,
z~yZ 2
0
+
zg Vzc LZwZgzZ ]!*
~{ KZpvt 6,7,gzZ
C
zLX 7e
ZLZtagzZX
HY g Z~=yZ L` MD7kCB p~ Y| (,
M
s ZC
pt Z ( [ z ] {z gzZ ) D 7{$
+Z M
x O &
+Zi
+g

gt HKg Zg )B+
$Oh~s a~igz
X ( ,s p hZg tZ7{$
+ZgzZg UpapH

A &gzZE J
-uq
-Z igzZ ] %Z Z LZ~ 0
+
ix C
|g
6,iLZ LZez {z
/z g " V ]om1kZ g @*
sZgzZ C
t { xsZ f~sZ7 ZX D` MgzZg Dx
* ~g7 Vfo dsZ~0
+Zzz ) g Dg Z
/0
+
i `
E
5.G'Z {xsZ G X ( ~ F,
gtk
,
i6hg
Z WzgzZgg7 ~],F
E
r6,w6,<

L zy M
76,( QZg ) e Yg { Z Wz kZxsZp
L[ Z kZ D Y 0*
VY D ~ : M {z
/sZtQ
L Y Y7 wZt
/ZX
-Z wZ
**
:z ( }x Zu"
$*( vZ wg

c*
g +Z )sZ (mature)q
vZ ~ p4Z @g D g _
OZ Vz ] z e
$ ZZ : 4c*
gZ
# X

tuw_` M
/ZX @*
4cgVZz ;g _
OZ 2 x x {z @*
Y
B; ccggzZ C 1 ( Lg z w)^z Cw_

c*
g: Zg Z
2014ag ( 18) m] )x

 g ZzZg M

I
BN\ M g:6,{)zVV
z ~Z et
/Z K5! Yk1}it
gz Zg D Bt b2 3w x Z}g Z Z C1 2VbgE- z wjVz Z e b
z!*
cg JgkZ y M }g yZ ) Dy
/z

6,gb!*
gzZ e lp {z
/L g L gt Y sZ Z
# : X ( Tg
( ~g Y) XN Y(align)

]+ ^q ^ 1n m 19ne +
]*
* JZzz%: Z~g: iy W;gE-6zZ
aVx o}g7 a&Zpz%/C

kgxs Z + o s ZxE)e o wuxsZ o

kgy M
kg o { E
+Z Kg f *Z : Z o

Sakg Z gz Z V VjZ

2[ ~ZZ@Zi)Z]
.Z e { Z Z e :eg1 (
Z **
Z Z eWz6,yY vZ x Z Z [ Z
Z e ~OY **
@@ZiZ e y i * Z Z Z e G q
~zg ZD
& **
+Z

y 0*
c&
+ ]
!*
WxsZH-9: 7:^ STI 1:yk
, 0323-5131416, 051-4444266e 0313-8484860:y
anfides@gmail.com:X ~ Z
2014ag ( 19) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

l^] l^u
**
y{g q

]Z W,
@*
}gzq
-ZZ

g eg kg_qKy~>q
-Z {~ Z=Z] Z W,
@*
t]
[X ; g Y H
VZ|i
+ZgzZ HvyZ%**

ay &= Y 2014c 14 12
Zj~
],
Z4Zg ZZ~ Lyon Z
kZgzZ 6,V
/
unZx Z
/z6,tX 5
~ ]q
-Z Zz

~],
Z4Zg ZZ H ^ q
-Z V ~],
Z4Z}~ Z
6,g~
Cx Z
X $z~ kZ V~uz Zzpg p V ZjZ g Z]g @*
gzZ ,

6,,g ZZ6,VZ V ZjFgzZ6,'

g F zZ g ZZ ~],
Z4 Z
-Z~yZX ;gx
-~x OZgzZK
q
M F,
x Z
/
z6,
kZ {zg ZZ Gpb^q

~gzg ZZ Elkader N N*
gq
-Z~ (Iowa) Zz M
 c*
g M%Z bZX
gzZ VjZ O%Z yZ z6,mZg ZL L^q
-Z V;zX
HHx x **
yZ

{u^kZX gx aZzsg g ZgzZ,g ZZ~V

x **
VgzZ F6,**
] {zkZX M 6,gSa
~x Z
/
z6,kZ Z
Z

X ^{gV ~],Z4Z~Z
=kZ6,
g~
Cp Z

FX p Z ]g @*
gzZ p ~ !*
M Z (,
Zuz Z
kct Lyon

zyz
X @*
Y Gaul kZ6,g]g @*
7szc x **
Z
tVc*

zgX 1g (Zx **
Z
6,% kZkZ !*
M M V m{q
-Z Z
~

p kZX
Hv~kc#
|Zg ZQ~X
Hc*
g Z
#
|Zg Z w Lyon~gz

Z
~],
Z4Zg ZZX Z ~(, V Zj}uz gzZ p ]g @*
kZ

~ Z
a Z
# zsF,
wZ eg t `
2014ag ( 20) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

c~Y 1852{z g Z
;g
HH ; gQgzZ
H3g
] t~ Lyon~ c*
yZ~V:g @*
-Z 9
L oZX M ~kZ g @*
13gzZ 12
X Z^tZ n
~XI
g Z V P= X wJ Ug ~ ~]
~xZ
/
z6,kZZ
#=

aZzsg 6,g,yZ~ y 0*
gzZ g p m{~ , ~],
Z4Z

kZ ~O X ;ggZ Z~ ZVVF,
zg Z [ g^
, yY 'O%Z q
-Z
~xZ
/
z6,kZ6,gm{ {zp ,~],
Z4ZX 1wJ Ug 7
~x Z
/
z6,
pg:6f Z6,VZ~* ` MYtp= X]F


) !*

payZ UZ y{z gzs,g ZvZz

~gz LZX ;g YHc*
g}u6BV- ,g Z` MzzXgzZ
Z
~],
Z4Z {z~T {zgz J
-Y 1848 Y 1832X
~]Cc*
]@g Z

0*
',+@Wq
-LZ~R',V; }g ~gz Z Xg ~ Zi M k
B s
MZgf
x ZXg u',
s ` Z Z zg
x Z~iZ~ZzgzZ
X*Zzg R
~: MV {ZgVzyZXgD s kzgJ
-wM{zgzZ

~ Zi M4z]
.s Z
q
-Zzz T ,gz Mgq
-Z *g ZZ~gz LZ

LZgzZ H Z Zg Z )~ ] Z Y\~ w ~ Y 1860~gzmz V,ZQX

Z~~jKZgzZ c*
X OB; VzIV{ k
H" Vzg ZD
BV

! x~LZZax OVgzZ ; Yz{z

/
X ~ { C

i%6,b kZ6,gm{
 ( V!! f~Z w
z kZX H Z Zg Z Z Z (,~1zg

kZ6,
gm{~ Z
gzZ6',X }
yVz
/\Z}V

B6ZkZ tB} DVgzZ g^ )(a

ZkZ ! ft gzZ }@ Z ~ KkZ X CVZ ~ ] Z Z
sg ~],
Z4Z I Zz Y 1860X g wEZ 6,g !*
( q
-Z s 6
wp Zzx **
yZ6,g* ! fgzZ ~*[6,gm{ * y
x ZZ kZyZ Vzg7@} (,
} (,
gzZ ~ g{ c*
iZ 6,
! fzzg ZkZ

q
-Z g ~g !*
M ~(Iowa)Zz M
 c*
g M%Z~gz ZX ] dgzZ ;Zu

g ZyZ {zgzZ Zsg g Z)g f}pgzZ Vz~ 6,bZ Zzu

2014ag ( 21) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

X c*
g Elkaderx **
kZ kZ ZW,
O Z
gz kZ YY H ] !*
kZ { i Z0
+Z kZX cgz W,Z ( g ZZ~gz LZ

 c*

g[ Zi M q
-Z Z6 x
g^W{!*
6,ykZ kZ Z
#~

+Z q
-ZZ c*
X Y 1x **
g ZZ6,g3,
gx
6,VZ g (Z ^

wJ F,
!*
]%Z Z LZ {z
/(Zx
] X ;g Y Hg,

 (~/~y

M { zY c*
g Z wJ~g Z)ft g Z @*
X M
hg a
X`;sxqzggzZ"g D
+
z ZVz

Z \ M
/Z X ,x Z Z .
gzZ Cc*
]@ q
-Z gz LZg Z ; gn~

~ y!*
iZ
Z{ c*
i
 e *
*l Z6,V UZ0
+
igzZ6,] qg Z
yZ~kZX Zg Z
/
~
q~~Z
mzg ZY A

*Zzg CZ fi Z} (, Vzg7(Z
gzZ V-g 0*
al
 V { ZgIZ

ogzZ Hw ! ngzZW6,b)I V [ xZI\LZ V,Z X

[ q
-Zx **
^] p ^] nfi~! V,ZXg D! n

K6,] xxsZ p [kZ

Hc*
[ Z ] Z Zuq
-Z~T
sg { yZ~ VIgzZ dZ
X p [] xxs Z gzZ

~~^Z ZX Tg Dx Az 6,g ZgzZ ,g Zv ~ Z

gzZ

6,g ZZ~ wq V2 Christian Delormeuq

-ZV;z]5

-Z yZ ( ~ y M g ZZ ) L'Emir Abd El-Kader a Lyon ~ y!*

q
i Z

yZ ~pC M 7Z
p
/Z=X c*
=6,

~V,Zq
-Z kZX [

6,}uzkZX Z~ y!*
iZ
x { c*
i
 6,~],
Z4Z X 1[ kZ

XzJ
-VdF,
{ c*
i Zx ~y!*
i!

Hc*
lZ
Z c*
X wZ g@*
4V-]zyZ~Y 1883wq

Zw],
Z4Z#
],
Z4ZX Z Z ,yZ {g!*
z VP[Zp
sguiZ yZ ~*[!*
Xgp{~sggZgzZ,yZ]4
\ M c*
XgzskZ{z ~V-gE-6',
gzZM%Zv[gzZ ;g
p~^kZa}qgzZ g0
/
%z{g!*
z ,Z6,VZM
h

Ktw!nByZgzZV M V;zv:Z {iZ0

+Z=Xzzm{q
-Z
2014ag ( 22) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

qU yy,yZgzZ g Y pZj~ ~],

Z4Z A
XB~KUZgzZ5w!ngzZ]5Vv:ZX_

Wi Z0
+Z Z Z &z p ` Z'
gzZ tzf] 4Z~ T x Z
/
z6,y &t

V
Hc*
Y ~ w ; q
-Z J= ^g7 *Z ~ Z
# y X Vx
/
ugzZ

%)y~Tax Z
d
$tX g Y d
$g ZZ
yZ Zjgz` MgzZ,g ZZ + gH&zXq
-vx gzZ'g
V ~],
Z4Z ~ yLZ l
 Z g ^
,k
Hg M x Z
/z6,kZ y Z X ] !*
6,Z

Social get-together bq
-Zt X Z H V Z
gzZ V Z yZ
W3X Cw ! ngzZ


~: M VA~T Z ng)q
-Z

E= gzZ !!*
7 L Lleg V1V gzZ nz

5 ZX
G
Hc*
} sg g ZZ touch d
$ w kZ X BZ f$
+
!*
C
ykX`g ] Z LgLgBk
,
g ZZ~XK VZ m,
zM

X [{!*
Tk
,
~(,
q
-Z ~],Z4Z6,g Z- ]g q!2&z
~ (Jean-Mullen University) ;gE- V5 VZ j Lyon y ~y
M gzZ} x Z
/
z6,

~ ~y
M kZ= X g dq
-Za ] 4 7,gzZgzZ { E
+ Z
~WKZ ~X g ~],
Z4Zg ZZ :yZWkZX
HaW~y
M

yZ ;g :%gzZg ~ yj
jZgzZ y 0*

z kZgzZ gg Z

 g VZ z gy ~ yZ ZztgzZ H.

gzZ @*Mu t }g kZ H VZXJ
-w!ZX @*

Vhg ZX Vz gN~ LZ
zkZ^

@*
VZ gzZ u ~(, g yZ ~ Zg ~p Y Y Hs %Z
UZ ~X @*
7~Zg VZ yZ {zgNu
z kZ

tgzZM
h.
VzU~] ZgVzyZ HyZtaW
~ ~ m,
Zk
,
KZ ~X HuikZ Y H ~ zg VZ
/Z M
hN

KZ X y{ q
-Z X v ZzK~ m,
Z ~ Z
p

;g { e I ~t W,@*
ZgzZ HF,
~ Z
k
,
~ 7hZ Z ~ m,Z

HgzZ C

h
+I ZjW~~V5~ ZZk
,
X
HVJ
-V{z
2014ag ( 23) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

Zb 0*
~K gxsZ j!*
zZ7~ IgzZ ~k
,
kZ

X ;g YHw 0*
Z~ g{ @*MV;~],Z4Zp XbywZ

tN~yZK Zz] ~K gxsZ~WKZ ~

9
q
-Z tX Y c*
:=g f wcgzW,
Z c*
z c*

g Z M Z CZ f tb zg g
personal ambitions ~ kZ
/ZX @*
*
* Z Z6,g~g Z)f q
-Z~ ]qmV

C0*
gZ
wz" p bzg KZ4z4 {z~vZ Y
Zpg Z MZz
zgzZ
{ zZ
#
z kZ6,V%z V,Z X C M 6,gVc*
^4Zt V; Z X

#
yZ 6,T sk
,
i yZ Zg7 q
-Z ],Z4ZgzZ ` 0 >ZZ {!*
VgzZB
~zKZyZ\ M 4k
,
i}g t
 Zpgt{
!*
Z%
{ KZ :ZzV Le~ ZX}x ZZzx OZ ] 5 ,gH{ CZ

oZx **
Z%{
ZjkZX V Y^sq'g D
+
zgzZ 0
+
i
w x Z T '~ ',q
-Z^l
~{X K ~ [ KZ ^l
~{{z
[ q
-ZZgzZXZ c*
yZ'5g ZZJ
-F~ i
x **
^] f n] ^nuF,
! kZ ~~ m,
Z[ tX c*
A
$%~]g
^l
~{~ kZX B
bgzg ~
. ~
Cq
-Z 0 ] qg ZgzZ [
76,,
MZ

9 6,gDx ZZt Z XZ%

V,Z K o{zZ

kZgN Vx
/
u6,x **
~ LZ6,gm{
z kZ @*
?^4Z

g Z M ZgzZ
z kZ [ Z YwqyOZzgzZ 3 yZhZz b zg ~ ~
X g (Z^g !*
zg
rq
-Z
yZ
/ZX @*
~0*
VZ ZP t Zz~WKZ ~q~uz
k
B \ Mtq
-Z ~yZX YZ,
3:gz { z~< ~0*
VZ
\ MBV- {XN VZ 7B; 7q
-~ k
B 6,VyZgzZ6,Vk
H" ~ yZgz

pz kZ , {@ B \ M gzZce **
~ } ],
Z VZ Z @*
',
3 ~g Z k0*
) ~(,VZ yZ V; ~],
Z4Zg ZX ~0*
\ M g Z
ZjV-{ m~ *
z kZ ) Zg Z yZ ZjV- { mX

{x Z ZgzZ Y t6,R Z Z ]!*

t[ Z~}g !*
kZ y Z Z
] Zg Z 0 t V- { 6,qkZ c x Zk
,
i
2014ag ( 24) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

V@ ~],
Z4Zg Z~pg
Cy Z Z h
+]
.gzZ~ ^ CZ@6,R Z Z

+]
h
.gz {zK]Z@B#
Z
~KkZ g ZgzZ q'6,. ZY

s: V Z
Zz M ~{ KZ g ZX n
pgzg kZ ~

#
Z
a Zg7 ]c*
gzI yZ Hnz gzZ wN K

kZ XK ]Z@ {!*
Zj t V- {B Z
gzZ
 Zpg V-g 0*
Z4Z [
7 [ ? '[q
-Z= ~^Z6,q
Z Gpb],
~gzZB
bgm yZ0
+{g ZZ ~
1giy{g Zh
+dZq
-Z g Z
[ ?t 6,] ,b z X M Y w
g Zg yZ~ 1 a
L'Emir Abd El Kader: Fondateur du Droit

~ y!*
i Z
gzZ

w z yZ( !*
+
M
KZ y Z Z :g ZZ ) Humanitaire International
Zz6,
q +
M
KZy Z Zh
+]
.gzZg ZZ L L Zz~],
Z4 Z I

g Z H"
$U*
tB,~ kZ 'X
6, Z Z
X !*
y
KZ Z Zh
+]
.~],
Z4 Z

zt Xgq
-g ^
,e yY~ kZ t Um{q
-Z p~^kZa}
Commander of the

~ ~ m,
Z Iw P 6,] y*Z ~],
Z4Z V2 '

Z^i
+ZF,
zg Z [ kZ ~X [ NgzZ w=q
-Z yZFaithful
6,xg q
-Z LZgz wj ~~ Qgz
 c*
g M%Zg ^
,X Hx ~ ZV~ y 0*
yZ !*
p /_
.zlgzZp { c*
iw,/yZX D0
+
i Z

yZ ~~}g kZ
)
ZgzZ|i
+Z F,
zg ZQgzZ U*
6,{z[ yZX
g ^
, ZX Zp] 5g ^
,= ~m{q
-Z m 7] 5
~Ccq
-Z 0,g ZZ~ ]Zg Z IV; }g Zj[
0 , ~],Z4Za ~ zg Z X VZ ]ZF6,V U Zg ZZgzZ
6,[ kZZ
# ~X [g ^
,!Zj Zg ~ cakZ7[
7J
-Z ~
. -

zz : ] 5
 Zg { Z',g ^
, @*
M ] Z ~f}Hx

A
$%tg ^
,tgzZ Zj] Ygq[ ~Xg ~f]ZF,
{ c*
i

] ZF Za p ,~],
Z4ZZt6,
gm{gzZ c*
VZ {Z
+ ~
.$gzZ
2014ag ( 25) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

W yZ Zj ]ZyZ 6, ] 5 g ^
, @*
k0*
LZ
z

~ VBZa kZ ~ T
q
-Za x Zg X Z Zg7 J
-u t ~^kZX Vj
X ]!*
6,
 yZ ~f}] ZgzZ 5w! n-g ^

y*Z c*
q
-Z 7~ [|Z]g@*
[t g ^
, t wZZ Z (,q
-Z
]uZz {y gzZ: ]g@* kZ M kZ 7,kZ gzZ ~ iZ0
+Z
^ ]uZz ]g @*
\ MZ
# C
p 7~ YZ ]g@*
6,g~
C]

~]uZzg^
, twZt }X @*
7,
*
*
6\ M ~kZ
K`g~[V,Z ]uZz ZgzZ 3gwZtt g^
,Z
# ~X Hx H

kZ~ g ^
, nY qgyZ @*
Hc*
g0~
.$ZyZ
akZ7]g@*
]qg Z~H7x [~[

X{f Z(,
ZjkZ~y!*
iZ
6,
gm{gzZV

g ZZ~ y!*
i Z
p
/Z kCa kZ ]gz [ t = g ^
,

~ condescending tone{z x[|Z V!Z

q
-Zp Zx 6,,

V; V!Z
Za X H
~ F,
',k Z V!Z
~ kZ t T

g ZZ
# Z
6,gCg
HHzQgzZ
H3g k8~Z
ZQgzZ

w qcondescending tone p C 7#c*

$~ kZp
/Z ~ }g !*

$Y) ,g ZZ& B7+Z= [ ~ Z

+
zz kZX C
zz kZ g ^
,X W,
@*
YZ T~ * [6,gm{gzZn Y H7asg : Zg Z

X Yk
,
] y*Z Z~i Z0
+Z: Zg Z +
$Y) kC]gzt=
gzZ]Y!Zj~T [iZ0
+Z V196,
Zt]!*
~uzg^
,

a M xq
-Z ;et~XSg7p M xq
-Z {zzz
]iZv

[q
-Zce **
Muq
-Z gZgzZ ,ZtkZp7p ~ ]g@*
&

H qg ~
.$Z {c*
i:gzZ ~ 7xZ ~gZ)f [q
-Z~[kZ ~OXY

Z ~6,
]!*
kZA~7zZ6,
]g@*
]uZz~gzZ;g6,
.$~U*
~
gZZX

`g~[g^
,Z
# ~~kZXYc*
NgzZy M .
a M xq
-Z
_~Z
# XK7^~
.$~ V,Z Y70~
.]uZzZ}(,

~ f}[ZpB ~ {z 'gzZ N pLZ= ,q ;g

2014ag ( 26) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

gzZZ
g^
,~y
M~m,
Z[%ZX V]!*
y~ 7!*
XH{.Z~yZgzxkZV,ZX~}
 zq
-Z~
.$yZ~m,
Z

f Xzz{z;g {e'Y0 ~
. ]g @*
ZyZa]uZzX~

ZgzZ
HH~: 5ngzZgZ **
-Za% YZA6,,ZV; }g I
q
yZV,ZK]**
V~[KZg^
, }X
HHVc*
nZZg
I
kZ & ykZ s
# zt~ /Gd q6,kZp
/Z g ^
,X B Vc*
0*
yZ~
y~ \ 6,
CkZgzZ
HM y q
-Z wqp7k0*
}g =gfgzZ {z

yZh
+
,v0*
geVc*
ZtwCZ Z g^
,X YVZ e**
VZ
kZ c*
Cy{TC
X V-&
+
J
-
zkZ~V1Y~0
+!*

kZ {!*
kZ c*
C 7t X Hy {@xq
-Z kZ B Vc*
0*
~ yZ

eX yV#gzZ yV#~ Z
Zy Y7t: {IZZgzZ

Z @7k+
]!*
takZVc*
ZVv0*
ttf
ex kkZ

X Vg~b LZVc*
0*
z ( D~igzs wZ Zz<)

y{ ~ ',
w Zi M q
-Z~{~y
M[ V,Z Y7t~w ZZuzg ^
,
]{ `g yZX Hf *Zzgb!*
yZgzZ Y M ~Wg ZZNe
~X] ^
,Y**
By{kZZ ~
.Zt V~fg F
Vz yZ g ^
,p H c*
kZ ] yZ p ]g @*
.Zz H Y7 g ^
,
Ug gzZ Z" w Ztg ^
,X W,
@*
t ~ [ 0] b!*
UkZf V5b!*
VzyZ ~X 7
 g!*
W,
@*
t7 D hu~
pV Le **
Ct ~gzZ] !*
wj LZ ]Vzt ~ w } H

Z
Z, Z ~ [ xZIZzz , Zzpge
$wgzZq] Z`
q
-Z

X!*
wj gzZpKZ KZ
E
E
4
4
g ZZwZ ZgzZq
-Z
X 0q~~.nG$~
V-F~[f~.nG$~
g]g @*
0,g ZX g Dspz]**
Dg ~T ^q
-Z
E
4$~
V,Z c*
Mt q
-Z ~ yZ ]ZBq i p
6,
c*
g (Z q{!*
~ ~.nG
4$~
.nG
gzZ D7tkZvyZ0
+{g ZX 7
6,
g]g @*
qyZ~~E
Zgv@*
X 6,
MZ,k
,
,
-~y!*
i! ZjkZX 7"
$U*
2014ag ( 27) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

4$~
.nG
a t yDg CZ g ^
,X bq~^kZ
~ V2zgzZ V1KZ ~E
4$~
.nG
V,Z y
akZ Mf qg ZZ
q s~E

~
w|l,
e ` M
z kZ 7a kZ ]!*
)Z ~ kZgzZ wJ]
4$
.nG
t 7gt 0 kZX *
@Y c*
0*
~ *` M 7xg{z 0~E
ZZBV-
z kZX v kZ c*
^ 6,} Z

~ V~zdq{Zg ~gzZ YI(} (,} (,

*X @*
Y xg q
-Z Vzgz
c: Z Zi M6,
]Z,Z0}gzZ<
~WKZgzZDzyZ {zCp

~V<yZvw`C
gzZ<
C
X M
hY7ck
,
i6,RDIz
} (,
q
-Zpag Z twg ^
,XDw! n!*
6,
b)bkZ

@7]!*
takZn
pg Zg M m6,]Zui **
gzZ Z} (,0 <
gzZ,gzZ
4$~
.nG
V,Z
g Dq
-~WyZgzZwJ] q~^kZ s~E
4$~
.nG
YV
0kZ~ g ^
,%ZX @*
Yc*
0*
7gt
zkZ~}g !*
~E
E
4
{!*
mt Y76,
g
yZ6,
;gg Zc*
Z~]g
Wg ~.nG$~
X ;ggzmq
-Zwqp;gzJ
-
~W
t6,
xkZ~kZ
H5={z F,
zgZ[g^
, tNZq
-Z0ckZ

kZZ
# L
L CtzzkZXg(Z e^gZ~Y 1877 Z

ygZT xZZwJ.
**
^kZtq
-4,
gZ
H1
V26,
Z~

6,
5ZgwJ46,
y
KZ Z}
." [ZgzZ CZ {Zg46,
Z|
t ~ ~m,
Z[sZ
/Zct (441 m) X g(Z e kZ gZOh^

M[QgzZQ~m,
y
Z[KZk
,
~h{zY70kZg^
,~X 7

G
~]!*
t ;g M 7c*
=gzZi {zQXg ] G
G3$ `g~
]!*
WBg^
,6,b kZ V- X7
VY~Q~m,
Z Z Z^t
/ZtgzZ

$
V]tgzZ H~
. ]g@*
V!*
xyZ Y7~XZ OZz
X7-=[Z,qt g^
,

p
~ Q~ m,
Z [ M t ]!*
Z ~(,gzZ q
-Z ~ WBg ^
,

wZZ(,q
-Z~c: 5ZzV;}gzzkZgzZ m7
~3 F,
zgZ k\Z

nz #
Z
~gzmzwJg Za
HtgzZ
Hc*
VZ
2014ag ( 28) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

|q
-Zt6,g]g @*
X CYu4z]
.~ ~g yZakZc*
qz
8
CZ Zgq
-Z: yZ0
+{Z#
Z
J
-Y 1954kZgzZ~0
+
iZmz

g^
,= ~ yZgz^kZp7Zz b~g7 kZ ~f}X g
V,Z T Zg ^
,q Z Z(,q
-Z Zx5 {g !*
z ~m,
Z[

g CY~yZ0
+{yZgzZZ gtt{zX X Z
]h
+'
gzZ & !*
i
yZX #
Z
zViyZ !yZ0
+{Z~],
Z4Z |g

Z
wq~THt#
Z
6,
mz
good will#

kZa ]YZy
Z ay
LZyZ0
+{Za kZ i Z0
+{ Z a
X s6,
]YZy
ZLZZgV{z @*
Y~ gq
-Z: 6,
g2 z

0*
] zg ZZ
# M ck
,
i] !*
t ~ Z
6,q
-Z]z Z c*
C g ^
,

6,kZ ?Y ~ yZ0
+{ yZyZ c*
zJ
-0
+
i yZ 5Z Z g kZ H `

yZ 7i CZ f g Zta c*
g Z t
ZgzZ `)lq
-Z~
ZZ

~ w{ Z',
uyZ0
+{ ~w CZ fg ZgtgzZ!yZ0
+{

Y 1954._kZ OX g CY Z Zg2$
+yZ0
+{yZyZtakZ g Y

t [ Z Ht Z
~ Y 1954QX g C Z Z gtyZ0
+{Z #
Z
J
-

~ ]g~ m,z* ]h
+'
0 lkZ Zp ~Xce **
Y
X p] !*
Z'~z qyZXn7~KkZg ^
, @*
N Y

]!*
Zz] Z

?yg ^
,yYH :wZ
yZ~tZcJ
-u6,
] x\gzZ7c*
\{z%ZX 7y{z7:[ Z
T[ft{zn
pg ag ^
,6,
g~
CX \{zt{ i Z0
+Z CZ ZX eb 77
J0
+Z kZX
Hc*
wZ e 1 :Vzg qzggzZ gzi6,e
$ ~ kZ F,
6,cg
at X g Y f(, M C1j gzZ
Ha **
yEZgzZ yj~ 0
+
i
KZ ~ F,
iZ g ^
,XN Y~ Vz ! f\ M y) F,
kZp z~ Z Zzpg
6,xg q
-Z LZgz~ Qgz
 c*
g {zgzZ Z 3g 7yb!*
V,ZX n
pgm
0
+
i
KZgzZg Y C , g Z~T**
J]ih
+]
.{zX Tg
t yDg F,
J0
+ZgzZ x : Zg Ztut I yZ X
Hc*
0
+
i zq
-Z
2014ag ( 29) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

ui Z0
+ZyZ T t]!*
Nq
-Z g ^
,X ;g Y sn!*
+
M
KZ
~g {zq
-ZY 4 YZ= {zi Z
s Z y] YYH{ i Z0
+ZJ
/Z g ^

, }X W,
~1zgZ`
i Zw yZ}uzgzZ n
pg 6,s Z
X "
$U*
W,
~1zgx`
kZ ZwtYc*
x Zz C c*
iB]g
wJ]
 c*
g [{ iX Zz Z 6Z
# g Z :wZ

~ Z (V {z c*
^zg~ kZ] 5z^yZ H ?Hzz kZ Hg Z
?T eZ e7h Zg
w z{ Y~z*[ Z=L
L t~[ Zw Z0 kZ V,ZX 7:[ Z

qVpg Z
/
z yjgzZ ] gByZ0
+{ s[ Z~ X 7
~],
Z4Z V,Z kZXD7I0
+
i&)ugzZ (q
-Z nZ X VLe **

X 7xw a5Z Z ~g Z)f kZ~ wq]gkZ a kZ {z H Z Zg Z

X bg
} (,kZgzZW,O! 0Z {zXDI0
+
i]{zn
mzX " Z>Z L L[ ?gzZgKZ g Z~ =]x: ! 0Z

x~ yZy( {z {g !*
z [ZgzZ 1sz^~xqzggzZ_\ M LZ V,Z
kCt {z et {zkZX $
zz ~
Cg Z w }X T e g 7

N Y56,wJ] yZ[gt Zz7ZVD

X 7w .
Z { z

~ VyZg ZY @7k+
{z fzz ~ wZ \ M w q

ZjkZZkZ6,gx V; }g X V**
J #
ix uF,
gzZ VF,

V1p Zg Zs F,
Zg Z/_
.~ V1 Vzm,
Z @*
Y
imperialist q
#
-Z bZ #
VF,
~gz ~y
MayZ B \ M tzZi

V~uz 4k
,
i LZgzZ V1uF,
X B#
~ ',~ y*zy bT_0
X # OZ$
+gzZ _ x BgzZ Z$
+~ x uF,
X ]g

p e
$]
ogzZ c*
ZzJ (,kZ kZ ~ V1 LZ G Vzm,Z

gzZ-x uF,
yDg6f g ZX ] c*
DV1 VF,
wq

2 zG Z sZ g Z 47= p kZXg} 7SggzZ IZ **

XHg ZwJ]
 c*
g[{ iXW,
Zk
,
i
2014ag ( 30) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

?e
$DVyZTH#
igzZtzg VF,
:wZ

V,Zp
/Z 6,y*zy M C
!*
~ ',
Bt B :[ Z

~y
M6 bZX D7wJ6,g6fZpX Z
OZ V
] q
-Z~ VF,
pzz ~(,kZX`bZ 0VF,
] ZV1~gz
]~(,~ VVyZ VEZk
,
ZgzZ V1VF,
kZ ]y
 X [ Za tzg
~gzZd R~xsZtZk
,
ZX _g ZzZxsZB[X
yg**
x Q9 2z g
$uX 7g Z V1 ~ kZ F,
F,
{ c*
i DIZ Zz yzgzZ A
$%xE0 y!*
i! n
pgm yZk
,
Z}iu

xsZ c*
s * V1D !ktVEZk
,
Z ZZ
 z}g X Q

gzZbzgx uF,
g Z T~ VF,
] bZX H x Zg !*
a

X`V**
JkZ~gz ~y
M [gzZ @*
~#
i Z0
+Z

7sgt *kZp M Z Z ~],

Z4ZgZZzzHkZ :wZ
IZ
/Z ?7zskZzzHX Hc*
g {g!*
zkZ '!fq
-Z c*
Z
LZZggZZ7tzzkZ gkCp~sgkZ[f

ayZ{zgy]@*M{~kZZgzZ4Vzi{c*
ia

?7ZjgZZn bZHTebrz
xiZ{z?u**
{c*
i

[f~Tg p ~ ,g ZZ
z kZ B :[ Z

[g^
,X [fIZ ZZ sg yZ79]!*
tp

gzZ#
~],
Z4ZgzZ Z],
Z4Zi M c*
g {g !*
z,yZX Iwg e&
!*
],
Z4Zh
+]
.g ZZv],
Z4ZX g p~kZvyZ0
+{g ZZp
gzg Zi M
 c*
gq
-Z6,oh
+]
.],
Z4Z(0
+
i iD* B
"7,]kZX =
 ',
i 7@Wq
-Z sg ZX
HH~ #

]ZZ H Ha g Z2Z6,ih
+]
.!*
]D],
Z4Z V,Z B
bg m
c*
wD Z)y{Zu~g @*
KZ wzg ZZx ~],
Z4Zp kZXK

IZ%Z 17 [fIZ initiative

z kZ ~ sg ,yZX WZZ
+

g c*
9 ZX
CZ yZ~kZC
gzZ ~kZ Gp [f
+ !
X M ~kZ aq
-Z~IZ
zkZ~Vt yZX 7p
2014ag ( 31) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

7 g (Z {z $
p gg Z p kZ[fIZ
E
X-4$ %~ wqC
c*
g Z
<G
~ TgzZ @*
Y
 g **
g V-x ~ T

[fIZ {z ~}g !*
m6,gm{<
Z }uz i g ZtQX
H
tq
-ZX N C{zz p~,~],
Z4Z=g ^
,6,
gwVX
) !*
pa
. q
~
-ZtYg Z Z (,~ : M VyZxsZgzZme
$tg Z
4,
/yZM

h\ M p kZX n
pg6,eq
-ZY m
CZgzZL Y
BgzZ y}g X 7w g Zt g ^
, ~Xg
kZ 3 b~igzZbzg\ MBV Zz+ <
ZyZ W,Z ikZ%Z

Z wqX 73 ~bzg I x q {zgzZ } 9(ZJ

-u g Z~
X 7gg Zgt6,
g

tg ZyZ ~(,]!*
ta} N { c*
i Ctzz ~uz g ^
,

pg yZZ \6,T [q z {z **
n
V M T **
M }q
-Z {z
i ~y
M y}g X 7wg Zt g ^
,~X
g ^
,X ~y
MLZuZ Vx?Zm}]|[qz [ Zz M ~

X V; ~ ? v 7,c*
Vx Z{z ey}g H Y7yZ

X yZh
+'
ag ^
,]!*
t

gkCp~yZ V ZjZZgzZUZp~,g Z

p yZ K ] OZ xZ
/
z6,{izg &kZ T ~],
Z4Z ~ Z
6,g wVX
X@W} (,q
-Z {z ZjkZ: } (, q
-Z {z ZjkZ:~ ~],
Z4Z

{zXg DzkZ { c*
i~],
Z4Z~Z
X U}uzq
-Z p yZ

Z
v ?v],
Z4ZX D CZvZ:gzZ CZ#
~],
Z4Z :

X ~],
Z4ZgzZ M],
Z4Z bkZvZ
Z
gzZTg~
kCpzzkZ~g Zvt[ZX gDzkZu" 5V ~],
Z4ZV Z Z&,+Zq
-Z~ g @*
d
$
~g xt5~g
/ZD

Z
` M ,kZ
/ZgzZ Za ~ OZpq
-Zg0
+ZyZkZ qx ZZ Z6,
R
X A~U0*
kZ, q
-Z V4VzkZN Zzsgt

/ZX U ZpaVZ~ kZp q

-Z ,B \ M [ Z
2014ag ( 32) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

{zgz @*
suit{ c*
iZ *
*x g~],
Z4Z~V BtM%Z c*
[fIZ
s g
 gq
-Z p ] Zg <z}p gt
/ZpV B(Z
gzZ g9 {z
/Z X T e r z
kZ [fIZ M
h 7gkZ zz kZ
kZ w k
,V; g{ *T
z kZgzZ @*

 g VZ
sg kZVgzZ ,wJkZ: VY :%gzZgw q
-Z ~
Za w Z6,
7Z kZ kZgzZ Y Y c*
x Z9
n G @*
M%Z
/Z ?N Zz

LZ ~ r z
Z YY H6,
CkZ%gzZg9q
-Z @*
7
? p [fI Z

4z]
.yZ
/Z ?] ~ : MVz yZg ZZgzZ
x Z :wZ

Vx
/
u ~ ~
x Z @*M 6q
-Z i Vz B Zj
X ,uF,

x KZVzgzZbwZ eg ~%~y
M4z]
.KZg ZZgzZ
x Z :[Z

! xgzZ 73
_kZ {zZr3Yh
+'
Y, hg3 Zgt{z c*
{gtt

t0*
4z]
.V,ZDg g ZL L
x Z {z
/IZzzkZX 7ykZ

m4z CZ f Vzg7)Vz yZwqX c*

hg~yxg OJ
-
T [ ~g7q
-Z~y!*
iZ
c*
Cg^
,X ;g @*
! noVzgzZ

kZ g ^
,X Z e zg6,]b!*
g ZZgzZ
x Z~ zg ]Z m,
z* ]g @*
~
kZ Vz~X Z H `g~g rz U Z%~y
M ~m,
Z[KZx **
[

X YH{ .ZkZZz+ YZ
gzZYHq[

x ZBg ZZ~ d
$k Z Zb Z m,1Z
# ~[ KZ g ^
,

[~:gzZ M ae ]i YZ #
zgV yZ
x ZX

3 A {zgzZ ] z yZ ~ X}~
6, b Z m,
1Z X y ~ G3 EZ
s g ZZ V; }g X k
,
q
-Z yZBg ZZgzZ ~ ]
-~d
q
$k Z m,
1{za
HH7Nts yZ~ kZ
Hc*
VZ ~$
+y

yZv6,kZakZ li gzZ ~/Zg m,1gzZ

7g Zs Y **
w+ Z ikZ
/ZX ]oZ ~yZ
X } 7,
*
*gz!*
Z ~z
x Z
2014ag ( 33) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

}g aCyZg6,x **
gzZgZ'
y:wZ

H ? g Ha yZ '#yZ pX 9t < wZ k0*

}t yZ C{z wZ Zg |c*
N
CR,
g et
KZ Z Z
?g~igzs ?XwZtk
B

Lc*
z kZ~ * Dyt \ M

/Zt ] !*
-ZX '!*
q
z V B :[ Z

gzZ Zx
Z ~ * X ]!*
~(,
t Lc*
g ZxwZ c*
y

zkZ x X C H~
.Z
KZ 7 ]Zi Z iLZ

yi Z
Zg BT~T, :
+Z t{ z **

}g : q
-Zc*
i Z Zz k0*
V #X} hz| m
6, {z, 7

[Z k0*
}g T, : wEZ

KZtx

g C c*
igzZV VBV ~ *
zkZ %K t] !*
~uzX 7
b)V w EZ44AkZ Z ~ *ag Z yZ

$g/X ay wZ ~ *6,R{x Z Z }X ,% M
e
hwi

V LZ 6,
A & ~g t [ Z X wZ e
$ Zg Z p ha V wZ

X M
hVZ {Z
+HyZa% ] )

5 ZgX 7 5 Zg }u~} ],
Zx c*
~y 7t
zkZX Zg

CY M } h M ]F,
(gzZ V
76, V~g t X M
h Y 5 ZggzZ
V/pgzZ V[
/
g Z~h kZ w H \ M X }X

X XaUz V-gz$KZgzZf
egt LZu Z ?B; Z h
V[
/
g Zg Z} Z~ Z~] )gzZ~ h kZ~ Za
*
z kZ:gzVc*
gz$Z ~g t X VZb!*
gzZg _
OZz t Z Z ZV/pgzZ

pX M
hY 5 Zgai] )jZ6,
kZ Zx ~

p ~gzakZgzZ 7{ M6,g6fa% 5 ZggzZ VZ {Z

+ kZ
Xg 0*
7"
$U*
IZ kZ

g] ~ c*
yZ~ Z
z!*
kZ g D s Z
g Z :wZ

? g}]i YZ kZ#
Z
H X

8 g- X Z V }g {z g Zg Zi M ~ V! fB :[ Z
2014ag ( 34) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

Z
X Zn6',
gzZM%ZX z{],
Z V- Zi M ~~Z
~V
gZ
gzZ~xiLZ {zX @*
Y6,g% Zq
-Z~V8 g- }g
zggzZ ] uZz (Z
[ zZ6,g]g @*
Z
w qpX J~ kZ
~Z
\ MC
bT2 gzZ] LZe
$ZzgkZgzZ ; g
/
%]k~

p H7 #
Z
x OZ yZ N] t ~ c*
g ZZ }X
~wZ m,
z n
~= gz
ZOZ
M)**
]a
X
H5 s
aeLyon{z c*

p
) !*
aVZ
**
Zzsg * y*Z g Z ZjgzZq
-Z

t
Ha] 5 } )
,Z
q
-Zz ] gzZg ^
,y q
-ZX Y

yZ x asg g Z~ Z
t ]5 kZ X B = v

bz Z
O yz #
~],
Z4Z a kZ 7
m{ kZpg D] !*
kZ {z| l,
e J
-k
,
~X}

Z (,q
-Z p ax Z
~ kZ y*Zt kZ g ^
,QX 7C
p

~Z
V 3 kZ Tq
-Z LZ Z
t {zgzZ U Z

g Z}+ 4a
A ]!*
kZQX 3g~]g @*
} (,q
-Z 7~

ayZ0
+{yZgzZyZ Hgg ZZ
# QXn
pg] !*
.x Z ZgzZ ~g^a
_
\ M g ^
,X g C Z ZZJ
-Y 1954#
Z
]zkZ HgHnz:
D7n {z B V7 LZ M
h C * )g f y*Z kZ v
Z (,x q
-Z } )
,{z ] !*
kZ g ^
,X H V%Z ( ~ k
B Dq s ~
/c )

~~k
,
Z Zjg ZZ
X7m,
?tUg kZgzZ
Hl6,
kZgzZ
HH g ZV Y c*
Y a i ZD MZ w Z 1z
XVf}]YZy
Z}gz

v74t HX ,i p
q
-Z q
- 4,
Vwq ,g Z :wZ

{z kZ a 6,
 Zg { Zg Z K g (Z i x **

z kZ
?7i p
Yc*
!Zj] ~uz

~ Z
# X M
hbzZi { c*
i q
-Z A B :[Z

vC
XDg7:%q
-Z g9 Zg D]!*
g Z
2014ag ( 35) m] )x

 ] uZzz] q

z s&
c kZpX m
 ,g ZZ n
pg s%ZgkZ
/ZX v gzZ~ *gzZ~ \ M X ]gz #& 7Iq

-Z

{zX ": Y}7{Z

+~WBkZ c*
wJ.
**
amq
-Zg Z
-ZX Y}~ gz VxgzZ '!*
q
5\ MgzZ * ` M
g Z" \ M D]!*
BkZ g gg ZIm
sZ}gzZg
$uy M
wZt ,]!*
ZjVZ\ MyZX ,:!Zj

!Zj g Z" \ Mt VyZ X D]!*

6,VZ yZ M X y~
F**
7:%g Zt yZX 72~bkZ v}g !*
p,:7

X YVU

[ 6,
g ZXa
 6,gV7 ] !*
q
-Z7~gzt

` M [ tX a+ W,
OY c*
M kZ:gzZ 7a kB{Z {z

tkZX ; g ~*:%gzZgq
- q
-Z
zkZ& a5

7%}uz Z kZg9 aCt *gzZa

+]
h
. X U*
Z Z (, q
-Za}g ,g ZZ Um{kZV &~XV

mxsZ {z x Z ZgzZ sg ~ [fTCc*

]@ (Z M (Z q
-Z~ *

~ yZgzZ ~ * ]Zg Zj ~h
+]
.gz X @*
) F,9]Z

R
k0*
}g agzyZ V!] 4}g pmV
] 2z u Zj gxsZ t *T :%(Zq
-Z~ g @*
X M
h!Zi Z VgzZ

2014ag ( 36) m] )x

 ?kzI

^ %u^f
*pi Z e

tg Z+**
:[f

( 2)

h| q +Z Bt wZ mb!*
g ZZ ZgzZbJ
-V
[f Zt X q pXce **
=g f w g ZZ Z ZZ i Z=g f Z y
E
<
V ~ g bIZ Zz Z]
.~bgzZ<
Z
# ~gz6U*
> hI$~
# X g (Z {g ) g ZZ Z I V;z c*
Z
g Dw^zg~ { Zg b
0 kZ **
4Z ]Z z ~ kZ C
;g: ] Z I b
!VI)6,ba [ ZX ] Z: Z Zi WgzZ I)]Z V
EE
]Z I)p$ b
Ht kZ1X **
q ]Z 4Zb
)~ btZzX D "
$U*
gZ #b}g 6 q
CZlzg4Z gZ #b}g HX GL 3XZg Z)fZwpZg ZZ ZI
htb7Z V^6,~V; + Jg ib<
IZ
/ZX 9g
!, e
$D]ZI)bI
ZgzZb{z (
} (,h
+]
.zX **
o1% t Zz <
b]gz Z e
$.q
-Z q)
Zg W+ z + Z <gZ e V~ KkZ~X n
pg kZ Z kZ+ } (,
bgzZ <
L L : qDg. ]*Z/% ;gE- egzg ; D ZWz6,
: Vz7
zg kZ Y Mxg9g ZZ ZgzZ Z}
.
/ZX ~gz) 7 u **
{
pgzCZa',
n
7q
-ZgzZq
-ZVzbgzZ<
YZz]!*
t~
gzZZy
KZ @*
Y H[ " VgZ}
.~ * R
kZ ] !*
t X
\
H
' Holismx[ t0*
.
,D 4) g ; X M ~] mZ Vz Z}
drshahbazuos@hotmail.comX Ju Jus W;gE- ]xs Z%*

2014ag ( 37) m] )x

 ?kzI

s zZ gzZ <
b g Z tzf gzZ gzZ [:
Z L L : HD
Zz Z}
.akZ}g bZ
+
O!*
Itt ] !*
Z ... gz
tq
-Z ~ yZx ZuVc*
;g
KZ q t]!*
E... [ + F,
}!Zi Z }} (,kZ bkZgzZ } B Vzg Zb {z
( 31) X 7gw}g

];kZ G%~ e*g t ZgzZ <

b~gz` W~ Zg Zg

] Z I bZ
# Wgz
z {zX ~g Yx 6,g~g)
X W^sZ KZt Z]] o] qm o o1%

b z@}g gzZ g Zg Z.
**
] Z z ] Z XZ gzZ b~ 0
+
i iKZ
/Z
^

G3B gzZt`yZ B~bzg i0kZVzgZ

gzZ CVc*
gzZ G

V gzZ D ZrVZ',C
bgzZbz~Vzk
,
KZtX D Y{g0t Z{z

b & ZzVtHX D_Cb~',

~yZppDSg (Z {g ) yZ

gzZ yb!*
tXce **
36,] KZp + Zz**
] !*
Z~
rz
g ZZz d
$~ [fwEZyZgzZ D C L
C
iaxsZ IZ{)z ,
MZ

7Z Dw EZ $g" bkZVzq yZpp g Z

s Z% Z ez~
LZ)g fkZgzZR,
t{?Yt 6,ti7 {X q ]Z S~A kZ
E
.-|Z
gzZIt] }
.~VzZg ZyZgzZVbgE- tigzN*
gzZg~(,
~(,
t
)
Zz G
b kpL LkZ kgZB Zz^ Vzi ZgzZ Vzg t~W,],
Zt] i Z yZgzZ

&
G
/ h0! Vi *" [ T qq
C
bkZgzZb bz@t}g G
-Z

[ xZyZ HX Z',7Z QpDy )g fC

bkZgzZbV Z',
E
E
yZ DwEZ Z 4Z yZ ~',p$ , q {)z ~z KgzZ ,
MZ b!*
HgL

~%Z,qttc*
;$ ]!*
-Z ~z 7ZX @*
q
0*
gZ
>z n zZzs

)X g0=g f r z
Z',bVzuz {zwEZVzqyZtc*
gzZ7~',
Z',
7Ztg7wEZZ',yZ}uz @*
Y F,
+zz kZ x`
h
 yZ
X Y!*
)lyZ3 ] !*
T{zgzZ ( gwEZ

:t Z ~
. g=gzZ] g @*

yZX M
h07
C] Zt VzgZk
,
i}g 0 =gzZ] g @*
2014ag ( 38) m] )x

 ?kzI

y ?q!*
gzZ x **
qh?HgzZ Hn Ct{z7qZt~ ~
yZ
g zGt "
$U*
(Z ?ce *
*7ygzZce **
Wx
zGt:pX D yW,
O yZgzZ[fIZ
C]ZVzq x
~zb
~zGX
Z~zb
~ kZ V;{g {q6,
CkZ:gzZ 96,g
[% [fgzZ [fIZg Z <
gzZtC
t Zkg {)z ]z =t
Z
7bv st Z Z yZ *
*:tt t~ kZpX by
~ yZ c*
Z {gt
Z~zb
~gzZX b kZ <
p vI
tX 7 t Z ~ yZ **
wt t~ kZpX 7
C]Z
:
YWt Vc*
]sf `g|

:t ZgzZ g @*

.Z } ]g @*
~
X 2$Zy
KZ g @*
I V2z yZ}g
-!
:XE
t pX D~
.Z }Z g @*0_ZX e**
*
* E
S54X
gzi6,~
.Z } Z kZgzZ g @*
0_g !*
g !*<
X
 g **
p zC
YgzZ E

:
g ZX y* Z e
$.q
-Z yW
vZ c*
!*
PE
+
X @
6,kZ ] c*
WVpyW
X
gzZ_x Z ZtgzZ X zZ c*
x c*
ZvZ7ZgzZ L L DQVMPna]e]E # ] m#^e
,{ c*
i
 Zz ]g @*
uZzTyW
X (F,
q] kZ

~y
W- {g{z kZ kZpX x?Zm- !
r{z Hy(q
-ZB
DMMMVMNmE !h^f ] o^ f o ^ :b
5~p ZyZe
$W

I$ x ZVUQ^~}i X ]( )a=IZ~yZ L L
G
4]Z yZ ~] c*
WPXC
!*
o y*kZ }G
VN] c*
W{ c*
iZN @*
~}i : L L DPNVOL]E!f m$] f ^ ^ n ] ^ ] o ] n

] ^ ] o ] n f k ; X Zx Z H VdgzZzQg
`g
/jgV ? L L DMOSVO] EE!n e ] f ^ ^ n

ri n $ ] k$ $] m W X Zx Z H V ZzPNQ^~}i
^ n ] n ] o ] n m ]! m vi # ] k$ ri m fi # ] k$
o lFF$ ] o o r n # ] ^ ^ $ $ ] ]? ^ f m $] f ^
2014ag ( 39) m] )x

 ?kzI

zByZ~g OZqkZtH L L DPPIPOVOQ^E!] m ^n ^ $] ]

d: m$
+<
L kZgzZz0*
: ~p~<
L vZ ? ?
HH~A VU Y H

yZ {zq ! yZ Zx Z H VyZ 7DQ ~}ivtHX

X Zz]g ZzD{ znb
 ZqyWz}i7(ZvZg !{ c*
i
)\ W ZX ;g H ( Out put)] Z { Z
<
@*
C\ W g @*
0_
z hg gzZ d
$
^ ; g6,gZz yW
X D"
$U*
Eg ZZ I6,g ZZ I
:q
- 4,
yW
x Z ~ kZ HX g6,g @*

t gzZ n kZa kZ
WX Z e
y
$. y W
w$Z kZ @*
q$Z g @*
s
c*
hgZ vZz hga kZ Z$
+gzZ^ 7VY It yW

{Z
+a yZZIZ IV- [ Z { kZX q
A ~kZgzZ
\W 7ZX 7 gzZ Y~g !*
Z f Y7q VyZ kZX Yq
$.q
e
-Z ~ yZgzZ gzZ Y {z } 7,3w] Z Vzq 4Z
X g @*
q Z

:] ZgzZ]

Zz g @*
z ? X $
0 7~
. t Z ] D7tte bz@}g

Zz g
/ ] qgzZg Zz Z ZX H]
KZ YY H7 t ?
!*
p6,6,Kt Zz <
tt pX }ZgzZ CZ]V
KZ
:
g ZX @ZZz: exz]~yW
kZ izZX @*
0*
gZ

q ^
F # ] mf i ^ n ^$] _ oj $] # ] l _ ^n u m
m]

kZ6,
T] Z}
.Xgs+
6,
g}g7cg CZ:L L DOLVOL]E! n ]
^ $ :c*

(gzZq
-Z X + 9$
7~p~vZX HaV
kZTn]Z f kZgzZgzZ ZZDTVUM]E!^a Fi ^a r ^` ` ^!^a #
_ ] o m % :
H6,gZz~g
$u X ~ ~$
+znkZZQX

kZ+ZzkZQ @*
Za6,]^C
ZZDONE ! ^r( m ] ] ( m ] ] ( m ] e ^
-Z L y
KZ g h
+ F,Zz } kZ myZ X X c*
Z ~
gzZa#X
q-Z y
KZgs Zz|kZgzZ7: e
q

2014ag ( 40) m] )x

 ?kzI

g
~ bm{gX gI { 7pe + ! f
y
KZgZ}g u 7
z u{ z Y c*
hg6,
q -Z kZ W
/Z
X D qggL L+ ^
C Z'Vwj Za kZ ]VzgZ bz@}g
/Z
:BZ Cq +Z Dn~ #
}
.yZ $
*]y
KZgzZ

=zkZ[ ~y
WvZ<
IZp7w_zN W6, *X $
: *gzZ
: {z}X c*
zg **
zg(( kZwD ZX BZ e *6,x **

LZ1h} F,
x Z
+j 0*
0
M
hVW
sz@*
:{}
w$
+VW
7s$
+p
E
G
-zg
=" xw <XG
s 5 z ', i
Zg

Z}
.

:V)<}gzZ

# Z0
|
+Z ] gV
sz@* z
Zg
z
LZ
zZ}
.
h ZgzZ c*
m
CZ kZ 2X
GgzZ zg (Zszc N @*
g !*
g !*
yW
Q
Z gzZ x ? H
Gz szctX Xzg
GgzZ , szc{z c*
ZI9

{z szcX YZ 1Y Z%yW
szc W\ WBN VZ !*
g

yW
VW',h
+'
X CZIZ',]& Z',1Y
GbZX }g Z
YZ]T

} [v Z% T c*
._sgZ Z(
~ > Z',]
/ZX @*
0*
IF,
~ >g 2t X @*
g2
X @*
: OZ6,
g2 Zzk
,5
+z6,

CkZyW
C: IZ

:=gzZ]Z

W6,= Z1gkZ ~tpX 7~

. t Z =tq
-Z ieZyZ}g

[ t
/Z yZX V* ZgzZ ]ZW b}g V Zz
2014ag ( 41) m] )x

 ?kzI

-Z sk0*
q
yZ ?6,
C C Z s\ W f
e y z ] ZWF,
x \W
kzVyQ:gzZ g Zh
+ [ Z kzt:a kZ6,
Cb [ [ Z
C
X L
b}g yZ[ ZtgzZX g*tg ZX Yc*
[ Z
:c*
! M
hZIx)q\ W kZ7xq
- 4,
\ Wq
L Tg F} H
:
( 33) f
eZzg Z

& **
yW
X6,
C W
!
kz6,gm{7
/LE
ZIx**
=6,
Ckz @*
kZX (F,
((h
e x z={z pH **
b6,i Zu=
&P~]c*
/G
: G
WVz%
^e vf ] o pri oj $]
] ^ $] n $] j ] ] lFF$ ] o $ ]
$ e$E ^ n &$ e ^ i e ] e ^n u^ $ $ ] # ] ] ^$] m

"L L(163:2{Z) ! m$ kmFF ] $ ] n e $ ] h^v$ ] xmF] mi

c*
gBVzq}Z
+V ~VyZgzZ~py]ZggzZ}igzZV M
g YbC
~ kZgzZ {0
+
i]kZ }i {%g @*
Z 0*
y MgzZ ~

gz ZV ZgzZ ;
V*
KaVzq=~g yxg}igzZy MV !*
F o $ ] ^e lF$ r%] ] $ ] ^ $] n $] $ ; X
kmFF

}g *gzZH0
+egzZ `ggzZygzZ]Zga}g vkZgzZ L L DMNVMRv]E m$
o X V*
K( )aV Zzh
ex =~kZX kZ ( )
] ] o? !n kmF! ]
~}igzZL L DNMINLVQM km]E f i

] m ]; X 73H ~]Zf KZ~gvgzZaV ZzV*

K
gzZV M VrZH L L(185:7s ZZ) ! o # ] ^ ] lFF$ ] l o
]e n ] ^ ] o ] n ; ?Ze7{N vZ 6,
ZyZgzZ6,
}i
vZXdQ^~}i !
\ M L L( NLVNU lf]E ! F ] ^$] o. m # ] $ $ ]
h oF ] ! ] e$jm ]; X @*
VZyVZ~uzZQgzZ @*
ZZY
X } 7,
6,
VyZc*
D7zg~y M
{zH L L DNPVPSvE!^` ^]
^` n ] % m `e kmF^Fe ] ]] t#
Vc*
~ zyZZy
xq
- 4,
yW

gzZ}6,
yZ CY] c*
W[gyZ7ZZ
# L L( 73:25yZ)X ^^n $ ^&
2014ag ( 42) m] )x

 ?kzI

7 X D 7,
/70

+Z
$ $ ])X + F,
+ Zzh
$
e:x =._yW
HJ
-VyW
7'6,
Z DNNVT^]! m m$] f ] % % ] # ] hE $ ]
m$] o q] rm )X wZ e n6,V Zzh
e:x z=\vZ
( 100:10- ! m

kZ ]{Qtw ZX 7qZ ~z~=gZ}g

kZ ? c*
VYgzi i Z0
+Z )kZ~] c*
W{ c*
iZ6,q gJ
-~|)g f
m{q
-ZkZvZg}gzZ~Z
# H7rZ6, ZsVY
? HgzZ' b[ wqZ LZqgvZizgq
-Z 5~*aJ
-]
& )e
$.~]Z
g ZVz%LZvZ ] !*
0Z]gX zntLa T e
g gzi6,Zgz!*
t 6,x **
Z gzZ ;g C=g f yT z{p7z=
X 7nz=c
 iz[p
Zg ZZ = xq+Zq
-Z 6,kZwu~g \ Ws =
gL\ WpX yZZqtX 7wW=uZg Z X 0gZyZgzZ
b ]tz kzgzZ ~g !*
z { z: gzZ CWkz: 6,T Wq
-Z ? c*
W VyZZt c*

~ V
KZgzZ c*

]tzkz kZ vZN kZ\ WX

=g f Zuz kZ Z =X N yZZ 6,] Zgz Z
+{7 kZgzZ ]tz kz {z

Y yZZ6,
C =yZZ" Z z lvZ:VzgZ }g X 7
Vz%yZgzZ `g6,zZX c*
gzi6, yZZ)g f Z ~ [ ~y
WKZ kZ
5#=}g gzZ }$
+yZgzZ ~g !*
] Z
g Z Zg f [ ZX ' **
|kZ] c*
Wv

&5b
/ G
! 7zp $
0*
vZ=: G
v HZ Vu8**

/G HZ VZ0
+
+Z){
$

+Z , q Xg =yZZ n
pg {ot w y
g (Z ~g =yZZpX 'W7~=~g {zqf
e y6, OZyZZ
~f ] !*
tQX ] & q=Z ]& qyZZ, ',
X c*
=
=v V- X CZgzZ kZz @*
7x z .
K !*
~ =gzZ yZZce xg

[8kZ {z g y a kZ= H NZ6,Vzq XyZZX [8yZZgzZ

2014ag ( 43) m] )x

 ?kzI

}
/ZX @*
~ OZkZ ]5}g LZgzZ 7 kZ yZZX I
@*
(ZX D Y V6,.q
-Z Vz y
s !*
gzZ @*
v^Z e Y s %Z
[8g2x A Bz[8 6L'Z g !*
s %Z @*
gg Z
',s %Z
~G!
n:X gy yZZ=zzkZ {zgzZX @*

X Lg7yZZyZZgzZSg7==7[8[8gzZLg7
Z kZy@*
] c*
zZ
+ D ZIh [f7~ kZ
[c*
C
0 kZ B!*
[f7e
$Z@ zD? t pX Zetzg
0J
-V~ kZgzZ Y c*
g Z
L
L8XiaVzg zckZgzZ <
z + gzZ
q
7h[fX , 7,*
*] z@*
g i Zgz yZ c*
Wxi g Z mZz <
[fhX 7i Z .
$!*
~V {[fzt!*
zh~xsZX 7!*

X hh
eg (Zt!*
: @*
Y!*
h
eCZ

Zjz]Y!Zj

X 82&2( yX k )y M
Z e {g ( X 31.

$u100&2 ( | 1422:> jZ tgZ )Z **

g
0 i X ] ~g Z 9~g Z Z 0 X 32
I
X W l. Z zZ [!*
^
,Z[ 1385g
gF{ H:gV- ~V X , Z6,g
 g{f g Zz

X 33

X { z f
eZz} &
+
gZX :
L T

_q
-Z D

**
y{g q:i Z

wS/
) ) D /D w yz ~~tD
g Z e
$ZzgD {^
,Y]+ Z #D ]t?g+D
~z**
D
[:7X 391:] ,]

[
76,
L IZx Z
<
2014ag ( 44) m] )x

 ?kzI

^ %u^f
*tg
vZ

Mg0ZgzZ Z
( 2) ~zgy ! Z
( 3)
# Z ] Z`XsV\
] Z`yZg E
LE
L L Z ` yY\ W
V\
L LX 7 yZt 4 0*
7"
$U*
sV\
LL
b)yZ {z [Wt tzg g0Z~KyZ c*
!Zj ] Z`zX[
7 tZ O **
{)z #Z1 ~
Zs {)z # Z1 V- gzZ i x **
wzZ LE
a#V Z ` yY\ Wt bZX o{ c*
i gzZ
L `g eL L
G
I
1h$~] + Za#gzZa"
$U*
)] G
5;XZ
w + Z #a3 ] G
-Z ~ b), Z **
q
Ct s 7**
"
$U*
w + Z LZyZ yZK
Z 6,V, Z g0Z ZX 7k0*
? a F,
+
$Y
X @*
o{ c*
igzZyZ 7aZ *
*"
$U*
)]+ Z
s %Z {V; a#**
- ~ b)Zt {z T e *
*nV ] !*
~
Tg Zsah
+ F,
D s %Z kZ~ G
E^*Z Z X @*
Y c*
0*
g Ds ZZ ~ NZ6,g~
C=g f[ kZ KZ {ztzzX H U (ZgzZ OwZ Z
X *
@Y g z% CZ Tg Z V; V\gzZ T e b/ z + V\
Z X ;g s %Z { Vzq]o
L LkZ~KxTg Z ZQt ] !*
Z
] %= # Z1 gzZ ! Zg s ~ V\ D s %Z kZ
G
-;XE
z$

L
L t zz H M VrZ t gzZ Dh
+ F,
4Z Di%z6,] )G
$Z@ V\ Z gzZ :gzZ {z qY Zg WZ1gzZ ! Zg cgz W,
e
Z ~ V\
gzZ t Hy~i Z0
+Z
 g { c*
i yZg Tg Z~X yZ Z X
mabdullah_87@hotmail.comX yMX !*
Wk
,
_nZY Z
/
%:k
,
*

2014ag ( 45) m] )x

 ?kzI

X 7Z **
*V\~K= Tg Z L L
j] m^u o ] ] nZZ YbhZgzZ Y]!*
kZpZ

^fj ` j a ]( (n% `] (m `_f ^ (m_i ]

] _] n]a p] ` p] o ^j] ^`] o j (e]j
XXn^^_] a]
m n^^_] qj] $ZZ :h+'
(`ne ^] ^m] ] ^$] oju (m^i ni o] tv mfi mvi `
n^n e] e] oe]^] ] o j] nvj] ^e `]
(78X76X G
E^*Z) XX nq] ma gve `fa] o j^]

Y ZgWyZX Ys]!*

 kZgzZ { c*
iq Z4,
gzZs %Zb!*
a#L L
WqY Zg WTgZsVzzkZX u~byZ :gzZ7 Z~
Tg ZQX qzg *Z!*
,Z V; yZgzZ Z V\
L L c*

gzZ ` Zsz@*
z{zzzT Zz~pgzZp~xV )F,
gzZg

{ c*
i
 ~V\
L Lbg
Tg ZX
Hs%Z~g
TgZzzT
wV Wz 4Zh
+ F,
V\
L Lg ZzZX D Y#Z1gzZ!ZggzZ W,
Z!*
X 'gzZ,6,

C
gzZ #Z1 ~ [Z LZ 7Z T e r[Z Zg0Z
/Z ]!*
$
+~(,[Z
0Z{z M7W,
@*
t}WyZX @',
kZn1b g7s! Zg
VrZTg D{ !ZggzZ #0Z
g0Z@',
kZ X Vz! Zg gzZ #
w+Z#0Z VrZX 7=
 g kZgzZ c*
h <
Zy**
-
E
tV; Y X ( 407) t )gzZ( 326)( 298)Y (273X Z) i^wZZgzZ
Z#0Z Z7b kZ ~ Y ~ {g !*
b) X VrZ

#0ZgzZ! Zg ~{g !*
b)(195)X 7
 g **
kZsY
]a ^ZZ:(q
-Z( 30930612189)X K[6,
gb)tsy**
-

gj o ^] gj o ]a ` nfji ] n (^v] o %] ^ ]
(301) XX^n ^ oju o`] ] o ] ga] ]n m] n ^n e]
}nwZZyZ xi6,
?Z [sy**
- ]Xtd L L
Zw$
+<
a# **
- ~ ZD VM7~ V1{)z #0Zz ~ V1
:'!*
g1N F~]g kZ X
H{g~Otp
2014ag ( 46) m] )x

 ?kzI

` yY\ WX 7]!*
5s %Ztg0ZB#0Z~=g ZTg Z /
# Z1 gzZ ! Zg 1 yY VrZ X Zz s %Z kZ Tg Z g
Z
Z gzZ :gzZ {z qx yZ~ V\
L
L Y c*
qWKZ] %=
qt 7HgzZHg Zy**
- c*
Tg Z Z Z X b b & Z V\
L L
Xg +kZ Y~GTg Z {z[ZY `g { cyZ
Z1 SgzZ V\
L Lg0Z Z
# @*
A
$B[ Z .Zz [ Z g0Z /
._ p Z LZ Z Y @*
c*
VZ yZgzZ C ~ s {)z #
yZg0Z s V\X)l Z tnVX s 4Z)l Z
Tg Z b)tt D Y D x ZC
z tZ7Z 7 }u s
X XZ KZ{)z#Z1tgzZ[s
5;XZ KZ G@*
X Bbc*
g] G
kZZ ]g kZ /
{z:gz) Zhg ~] G
5;XZDa# ]%= #Z1g g0ZO
( X Z Z
^n e] gj o ] q] m ZZ s6,Z{zH
gh
+'

#0Zs( Z) WkZL L( 409) XX`r] a v] o ] v

#0Z 7V\
L LyZg] X ;g**
{z~K,zzTHY rZ6,
+ F,
h
#0ZgzZ O V\yZ g0Z :gzZBbg
Z(,
 Tg Z
V\g zckZ6,

C #Z1VrZ Zg] ;gkZO

X [Z LL [Zg0Z[Z VyZ6,
VyZ~? HVY],
Z)ls
^] ]a o e] j ^ZZ: *yZ e tzgg0Z

] o] nm ] e mi o]] ^a^u oj] ] a o m ]

m ] ^]o]] ^am ]] ^` ^r] ]a o oe]^] ^n e oj]
] %] o ] ] m ] a ^vm ] ^ne e]
e]ZZ:(gzZq
-Z( 83X Z) XXo]] ]] ]e kf%m n nru
e] o o] _] ^au oe]^] ^n e] ^] gm
e] r _] ^n e] ] oe]^] jm nu ( ^n e] oe]^]
`q `q (o]] o ^fu ^n e] ] oe]^] o o]] ^m
XX] ^ o n] gu] a p] _] oji ^v] a o
2014ag ( 47) m] )x

 ?kzI

#Z1O b +
$Y KZ~ kZ {z 7,[ Z g0Z ~g OZ kZ L L
p )6,mZz 4ZW Z Y, e
$yZgzZ, {g
Zsb! Zg gzZ
b{)z#Z1Tg~6 kZNkZg0Z (
ZnV
\ WLZ~ [ Z LZg0ZX 7etN 3 Z } +
$Y KZ b ~ { c*
i
0ZV Z Tg Z { c*
i #0ZgzZ ! Zg q
- 4,
yZB7Vz! Zg gzZ #Z1s
( 79<
kZ VrZ ) kCs %ZB Tg Z #0ZgzZ ! Zg g
Z 7Z7zz kZ Tg D Z } y s #0ZgzZ ! Zg g0Z
X Tg Zt[8{ c*
i
 ayZ~y,zzkZ
t{)z#Z1tgzZ7
 gkZsa#**
- It6,
VF{Z({Zp g0Z
V; VE**
- xpZX ]!*
ZzZtZCZtZh
+ F,
T
]o
L
L yZ~Kx TgZ%L
L xt 7ZgzZ ;gs%Z~ b),Z
V\
L
L Y 3g!ZggzZ #Z1s1yYVrZ s%Zh
+Vzq
vZZ qg7ZgzZb &ZV\ZgzZ7qgzZ{z cgzW,
Z Y ZgWyZ~
{z xTgZ #0ZgzZ s Zzg0Z
/ZY1n
X **
{ Wa
#Zce7ZgzZ s%Z #Z1yZt
Kg Y EZLgLzZ ]Zg
ZL L? # E
LE
g0Z N VLZQc*
? W7]gzH[Z G
E^*ZL LakZ
G
Zz yZ{z7] G
+~V\ZX BdYTgZ#Z1O
G3D
E
^*ZL L[ ~q
-Z G
E^*ZL LVrZgzZ
V\k
,
x**
G
X HyW%gzZ,gzZ<
V\~iZ0
+ZiZ{ c*
i
s{)z#Z1gzZV\VrZt9 V~ { Zpbg0Z
X B [ Z L L[ Z yZ A
$? Z)l[x HgzZ
zX
( 4)
+
**
aZ }kZgzZ @*
x3,
Lg0Z@',
Z wV
] Z|yZ '?VYgzZ X~L Z D 7,7~ c kZ XK 7wEZ p Z
( *Z Z Zg0Zh
+
~g ) Z L Lg0ZT e**
C Zaq :Z
( 196 195)X KwEZp ZI YgzZk
,
a
( 5)
VrZ 'tZ p $
OWg0Z6,]~zb
 VZ Z
2014ag ( 48) m] )x

 ?kzI

kZ { c*
i kZ Zg0Z ? ]!*
kZbgz r Z}g V\
LL
} [Z wZskZ= g sq
-Zc ~g X g
Wg Z z
Z',6,Z
+ ~ X Hgz yZ] Z` [sV\
L L g 0Z
? [~gTZZy*f V Vz Zz[
 Zg
( 6)
pXDe
$kZc*
~ : [a#VrZkCth
+
e
$Z
g0
+Z}Y:zgt LZ}by J
-Z
# X 7(ZYZz
7,~ {]KZ ~gzZ Y < zZ Z I7 W~ {g !*
yZZ z
pgzZTg~6Vwz@*
D]!*
ww ~ {g !*
V\SX Y
]Z` yZ ~ X m,
{ c*
i yZZ CZ= X B7
 g *
*y V!*
yZ
ZV; X V @*
4*vZV+
MgzZ vV/yZ1V @*
kC]Z`
DZvZzX H,j[VrZZgJ
-u]Zf KZ7
Z YY Z~{g !*

( 7)
Z p:gzZ 7sWuZz a _ 0
+
i ~z d Z
Z L L
XW J m
g @*
Z F~ 0
+
i Z Xce gzpJ
-ukZsV Zzpgt ~zc
E
.ZL L ]p VrZ

/
/
: Zoq
-Z? yZ yZgz ZX Hy ~ w }Z EG3E
E
/
{ {z~y
W 0
+
i yZ ( 57Xa*Z) X g c*
gz Zh
+
GE^*Z G Zg
x ZY Z L L[t VZ
/

 yZX Zg* DCZ] ZZ~ V6

( n
pg VZa
zgzZ s
# zh
+'
NkZ )X B
bgmgz ~y
WZ

?VYg \ g0Z

! p~i q
Zy
WV 7 Vzh
+%g0Z~ n
pgt wqg!*
{g
& F,L
uyZ
Z L L Z LG
L zz kZH ? D hg CZ x **
g0Z {z6,Y
! pTkZ
_L L)gzZh
+%uekZ Zz 7% g0Z = ?
**
{ Zgg0Z
/ZX [ kZ~] c*
Zzg ]g @*
Zi WkZ {zW,O
~ W
f T
G z { zH
g @*
Wg0
+Z]c*
Zzg ]g @*
g0Z ZgzZ
E^# g @*
) X
%ZV; [ kZ sgz] !*
t H7~( 148X xsZ G
%{n ]g @*
kZ% VZ ]g @*
L
L yZ 6,}n]g @*
kZV t ~
~g ] Z f g0ZX 7[ Z ]!*
kZh
+%g0Z ? $
H { Zgz
2014ag ( 49) m] )x

 ?kzI

Y Z%ZX g QV kZgzZ Z[skZ ~0

+
ikZX zq
-Z~
kZ%KikZ ( xsZ G
E^#g @*
: )X g C
f LgzZ]L ZV;
?H { Zg
?kZgzZ 3D kZ , V*!*
a,zbg0Z @*

Y c*
C
7g ]Z L L{z~g @*
Z Hg V*!*
LtL kZ~ g @*

Ttw ZX
H
/ZX VzQ c*

sVz c*
?Z 7,**
g D z ,V x Zzz X
N
m 0ZZ x Za g] Z W,
Z}',, {H
g VE!*
] !*

g] Z QV;
/Z ?, t] Z W,
Z,**
- \ W6,
Y kZH3} h
yZ w~ {g !*
Z pH
gh
+'
X Hi y
K] Z W,
Z4Z VrZ ? H
E
LZ ?Z Ht
: ( 258 6X G
G
0#Z ] 4)X I~ V
X ~

 V*!*
a

: ]y
Wy g

kZt 1X ~zg h
+
7I*
*g (ZY (zbap * kZ
g*t @*
xYHt{yW
X N YgZ',
 xsZ76,

7
]y
WY}!$
+kZ~* kZZu0*
vZ6,
xggzZn)7yZ
Zw ~(,]y
Wt CY ~} Zw~ *Z6,i$
+yX 7akZ y~$
+Z
X D4 kZ xz * ygzZx **
0*
*)~]g+ZX Y $
Y nZg **
gzZZgyZvZ7akZ ~F,
~ L LV gzZ ]~ L L[f
Z
/Z gt \W ` WX M
h } nZg**
7 Zg s\vZ
/Z D7,: yt

fgzZ D F,
~b b[f D {Zg CZg0Z O

/Z}tgzZZr
# { m,
Z0
+
a[~ kZgzZ *t
] *BB]y
W
/ZX : yt
f DgzZ O y
yZX xz(gzZ Z}
.zzX **
ug ZD
+V!KZakZ ce
&A
 ~g X 46,
*tq
-Z~
X **
%xgZgBZgzZ!L) q O

:uZg+Z

!Zjh
+ F,xEgzZbI yZz ( xj%) i
)x L LV; }g
]yYtByZpgzZzg7 CZZ ~nkZ]Z|tX
rg]{
G
!
:
E
L j8T e 9 X L L x ZZh
+ F,
b Z ] Z|t b[fI Z
2014ag ( 50) m] )x

 ?kzI
E
J
E kE
0.7Ep Z VyZ~1V(yZ~kZ
0 4& )G
0izG
( G
x + VbW6,Z b
ZmPsxEyZ~L
L D
yZ +Z , q ~xEyZ?L L._yyZ X 7
 g **
h
+ F,6,xEyZ
Z + +Z , q? }uz ss %Z yxg +gzZ
3g=
sVzg ekZ yW w bt}it 7x ] !*
yZ @*
t s~ {g !*
y WgzZ}i+Y `g { c~g t{)z {)z
ZzVJ Wc*
ZzVb bb "w}itZ Z VZi Z Yt
7[h
+ F,
gZyZ C7,
7[wq?]!*
Z+ gzZZ
+ kZ
L L~ ZgyZ X @*
7eg Z yZCZ] ]zZ~{g !*
kZ
ZZ +tgzZ}{oBlzy

zl ByZ g0
+ZVzq+Z W
x`
q
-Zs + Zg~4z + WkZ XX] m] o oq
+Z,q?}L L:h
+'
X c*
gzi kZ )l+ gzZ H[ g
gzZ] { ~$
+Z] C7,i yZ?]!*
Z +
b)m4Z sgzZ s H V\g Z X'!*
~ ]g K]>Z
ZVyZ~ ( 81X79X G
E^*Z) X cegzpJ
-0
@] c*
yZ~
g0Z c*
IigzZ YY c*
zZ Z| g L
L b]%Zz
_ ~Y ZZ y*W?NkZ ? M
hs W~bz + yZh
+%
n( (n] oem gu fvm gu fu ] o] `]X

U Z%

3!:oX: Z x Z (] ^!M
w b Z GE
^sg Zg Z :oX *yZ e :Z x Z (] k^`i!N
^sg Zg Z :oX *yZ e :g0Z (k^`j] k^`i!O

@tg :o @] Xz~gJvZD:Zj ~Z+Z|Z (v] m]a!P

5kZ+Z ` @*(n^] l^f!Q
"Z^ZY ZgZ :oX E
G
0E
G

c ZO Z%:oXzZ e :F,
-(] m^i!R
E

3
}
:F,
g GZ :oX ~Z**
( e] !S

c&
+ ,
-D:oX ~z0
+
x?Z**
xsZ !T
cZO Z%:oX ()xZD!U

2014ag ( 51) m] )x

 ?kzI

^ %u^f

Mk
K
( 1)

r{
#
Z[ x H
XV Z
/` Z'
yZXM',zvZ G
*9gzix?Z
[pvZY
X J 7,!\ W6,qb BV)]gy~ =
Z L )
L x
t Z6,g~
C= }gzZ] l @*
X s %Z w+ Zi= }}p
/Z
g6[ Z6,gTPt=gzZ
HH
[ **
y{g q[ xg Z',~y
WX
X W: ~p ~Zg\ Wzz[ yZ}t60
+ZY H
zgi Z Im6,gL LmkZt] !*
N
 =~[g q
X }wZ
*Z yZ J
-V ? H Z%yZ m6,gL
L e 7x!*
t = : izZ
+zY [ Z
/
G
Z L LZg Zg yW
zg kZ m " }wZ " ~Zh
?CW7D{zZ~b)bkZzzHQX
bZgzZ;gzZC
H~}wZyZ?HZ%yZ mL L:3U*
$ x**
G
-oG

;/?gzZ
: ]qZzs{zY7C
?7c*
w=] )G
E
E
GG34gzZ( )DayZakZX G
Z~gzZ GZ
wZ+`gZbyxg(/?)
zLL0b bxyW
Z
# @*
mL L~]gZstHX@*
7Za
?7G
Z}}yW Z7tkZH V;
/Z?@*
~ p ZL
L f
I
{z op D ZIi **
m6,gL L{z a* yZ] !*
t : S5U*
s
# !*
Z Z~ Z L Lx Z} t ] !*
] { c*
i kZX D 7a
b zg }wZyZ ; b#
w Z~ b i Z {z b
g q[ ]og !*
iZa kZX C]gz?a kZ 7a #
w
e {zQ c*
f
?"
$U*
**
m6,gL L b L LkZ {z 6,r
# **
y{
2014ag ( 52) m] )x

 ?kzI

X Z ~b zg}wZyZ
t{zgzZ;VLe **
ZwzKz\W~sT CYWt ]!*
Z {z D:oZg
:D]!*
}
wZLZL L{z (zc*
(Znt}
wZ} zgiZL
L { z Z
#
g]!*
t zg }wZ 46,gwV{z
/ZX wZszcgzZ c*
w
4
w
nX YY7ui Z&X{t zg}wZ4Y SG
54XZ$
+
t
X:X{t Yzg }
wZ~L %
L ZX }wZgzZ }wZ
xZb ~*yW YYc*
}q
-ZkZ {iZ0
+Z }wZkZ : Sh!{
G
34!*
yZVggzZDYKyaVz%
/Z?{tHtwZX*

@YH~
.Z E
V-
geVz%}?7c*
]kZbZv HQ?HbkZ V;
b z6,o~]gVgp( ,Z
+X6,]iYkZ\W{Zp ) ]iYZ
?~] ZY ]Z: D }\ Wck
,
iXzzHQX7]iYZ
tY ,: zg }wZ LZ T e **
c6,qkZ g q\ W
/Za kZ
: { Zg Z c~zg }
wZyZ L
L yZ
/ZgzZ ;7 {zwZ
;q]g '~}wZyZ\ WakZ :izZ
;N Yb}wZyZp\WtZ GE
Zzt}wZyZQ:3U*
3!
I
~q(yZ ZgzZ W7yzgzZ b~g7Z}wZyZa: S5U*
~
W}wZ {!*
Z; ~gYgz~
.Z~yZgzZx{}wZyZZakZ
DiZ%J
-
W}c*
J
-ui Yp\W;
zZ
yZ%wZgzZ qM
zcyZ6,

CVZyZ~q(kZZakZX

zmvZ-vZwggzZc6,
}
Xnm ^ i ] ] u :c*
G
4& LL Dw+Z <
.nG
it n gxZ 6,
C G
LL ;g !*
kZ
H qztZTB<zzkZgzZ q }J
-u Z
hga
zgzZ~& cxq
-ZtX YYc*
Zge ~gsZL L{iZ0
+Z
) L L 7 Z
# {iZ0
+Z } ZkZ G
g@*
\ Vzn]!*
Z sXV
I
E
45k!
kZKIy@*
kZkZ1q~:gZ
yZ{\ V
G
4
&
.nGLLV- X **
gLLgzZ G
]V kZ W [gzZ q
-Z<6,]!*
7}{zQ
H1VZq
-ZZ
# 6,
x**
b swJh{ZgVgzZ `w
(!*
MxsZ;gE-sZZZZt) X Z6
,
ZryY<~g7x!ZkZ g
2014ag ( 5 3) m] )x

 ] Z

l^ne]
*Z

~],
Z e5 * L L
kZ |q fgzZ { c*
ik
,
a}g W,
@*
x V ; }g
VyZ X a ~, Z ~ Vsa ` M t y ZX @',
!5gzZ * g Z V; }g X ,j ~ ` g D @*
kZ g gzZ $$;f
qY: ZgzZe
$g Zz
spcX c*
Z6,R@; V6&KZ ViX 3h
+wzg}g gzZyzg a.
t~Vz0
+Z
Z x Z VxWz6,xg Z', *Z q gzZ ] c*
Zzg Cg
 z }izg*
Y
lpX|Z x Z VxX M V; } hZz ] ((%!Z Z`
 g
:%yi Z(Z g Z Zzpgz~ ZgzZi Z0
+Z ~Wz ` Z'
! Zzd ~ZJg %
!LZ V F~X Y Mg ~ Zk
,
z, Za}.Zz M yZ
# X k- gzZ 6V h
/E
Zx Z Vx G
) !*

:Zd
W
Zr !*
r !*
wX Y Mg Z
g Fzz", Z M 7
-eZ
 z 4gzZ](gzZi 0*
Ztw[ gzZ c*
J (,s LZB; CZ Ug VrZ
~t! r
# : ?
D
R~ U*c*
~Z6, LgZ a r
# Vx
? ZX [ e
X 0*
wz * L L[ VEx Ze!{g
HyZt]x~X
Z=ZX ~g J
-~g Zq
-ZX ~] N! ZzdpZx ZVx
r
# Vx ; g~X _wzdz ZyZ!Z Z`

: Zx Z Vx p{ c*
i 0*
wz [ x Ze yZp M[ 5
5! pze
$Zzg 4zDZ yLZ VrZ gx ! Zzd{LZs
E
E
4& VLZ X U*
/F
Z ~z dCZ {z ` Zc\ !*
q
-Z X c*
v ! xJ
sheikhrashid.uog@gmail.comX ] Z|] Z|s M ;gE- g ZZgi
+Z *

2014ag ( 54 ) m] )x

 ] Z

a+Zz Z%tyZX  g IZx ZVxX}IyZ%~

X.
gzZt
wV; }g X =g f Zzg * 5q
-Za} 7[ q
-Z * L L
1 [0wVyZhz
M F,
~zg D
+
V
/
%V**
wj~g ut
Vx LZgzZxi 5~g uZx ZVxX c*
"
$U*
zGt Z [ kZ c*
/

4Z ~ wjZ e&
+Z',
L L c*
*z~ m,
Z L LV7Z Z
# ~X g J 7,~ wj~g u
7~ VjZ ~g uV LZ v}gzZ ~
/Z c*
{z c*
{gt Zz
gx ZG~ Zr
# VxX g @*
gz$gzZZg 6,
 c*
ggzZg u N Z{
E
+
G
GG3G3C yZ wjZ ~g uX c k ~!Z Z`
!gzZ
 wjZ ;
/
sZ ~ e pZ
x ZX =g f ] Z`
Aj!kZ 7^zg~g faVzk
,

X ZZa lg Z~] } ZjVjZ ~g u[ kZ

DkZ6,
T~
) ),v0*
xZX V*:
~*
,v0*
kZgzZ Za ~ h
+'
~x g kZX ~~ ~],
ZeZ Zzgz6,
X ~],
ZeQgzZ KV*Mh
+'
kZ~
) ) X BZeV*{gG ~
))
~],
Ze~(,
YYc*
]!*
kZ {i Z0
+Z kZ
 z[ Z Hwj yr
# Vx
X ZLY~^!V*6,
m,
?kZcxz
) )gU**
Kg6,

G
Zgz w ZI V Z **
Zzg ~g t X Vc*
q~ ] VE:

M lp Z Z a
 RYgg @*
V[|ZgzZ ] 7V*
g zZ H VE{%izg y!*
iX +'
{%izg V y!*
igzZ [|Z x Z X ] !*
N
V*Fx g Zq
-ZX xg ZF Tweety gzZ k V g X @*
kZt X Mk
,
ih
+]
.r~g @*
Ck
,
i Z0
+Zt X b6Z ! f + r
gzZx ZX { M ] **
Dgh
+]
.aVj~g u}g @*
{g
Z s
X 3s W,Z wj dyyZ6,k
,

@*
} (, Zz a V~ y 0*
X ; g Y @*
yDg V; }g

P V*PVF6,] ,V~]Zg ZXgz$e
$Zzg V* V
YZ e
$ZzgkZ[ tVEx ZX 7x *
*7~^! VEVp
lUg w}"7,
V*yZX d` Zy

gzZ g I{z6,
T i M
X I"7,
V*h
+'
gzZ C: Z ~],
Z e x Z
2014ag ( 55) m] )x

 ] Z

[ X c*
x Zg ZV~ ^! Z Zx ZVxgzZ Hx {LZ
g Z gzZz Z~
M F,
e N [ X Hx **
gzZz Z KZ [ ^
OZ
x`
Z{ E
+ ZgzZ: { I Z Zz
M F,
x Z \vZX Va

[Xce ~ ~k
,
$VjZx [ t X }ZgzZ~ gzix ZgzZ}
VLZ[ t+ZzX x ZgzZjYZ[ taVX 9zg 100s7
^yZ| 7,ZgzZM
h~B; a LZe
$Zzg ~g7AjgzZx k
,
}
X ;g ~],
Z e ^yZ

6,
]_~W]Z W,
ZkZ6,
sZgzZe
$h
+]
.

XXoqZZC ~zd

:k
,
T
$**/ C
+:k
,

~g ZFg **

$ug Zo ( Z x Z ) gzZ<
g
L y M
o ( ! ))y M Zi Z o:Y 2011m@*

(C
+ )
d
${ :Zgxyo ( h
+zYZ) t Z o ( ~[-Z **
)

( VZ0
+
z
/VZ j )y{
gzZwZh
+]
.o C
+)
 c*
gh
+]
.o:Y 2011c @*
',
Z
( ~gZFg **
)g
$ug Zo ( ~[-Z **
) Fzo
( 9zg120:{g7)
shahidmahmood@baatdiscourse.comXgg Zi !*
zg Zw2:Zg

[
76,
L IZx Z
<

^ n o o ^ `
x Z:i Z
( 9zg 100:7)
[
76,
L IZx Z
<
2014ag ( 56) m] )x

 ` znZ%Z

t ]]
hyZ/

g Vzh} (,
c*

E
yZ( G) hIzg0
+ZyZ]Zpg0
+ZVzhX VZUz6,
gx n%kZ
zg KX @ liBg ~ Vzh X @*
Y W,
Os Vzh gzZ ]Wg @*
zZ
gzZ uZi xZ x ~gF Ozgn5 ~u~ [Z X @*
ZZ ~ ]g Zw
[Z]]ZW,
Z Vzg g **
Y M VzC
i~ yp**
/c*

5^a nZ%Z M
X
{)zZZ"ZC c*
iZug-KJ*
*x Zg M6,
Vu**
]Zp
V
/X DW,
OVzh Za ]{} YC
i~ yp : ` 9 M
[| (,yiz X` Z'
~ n%kZ X @*
Y0:
L kZ wEZg !*
g !*
Z ~QJ~
1 kZBg ~ c*
gzZxgz Z

/ZBg g X A 2{ c*
i
@*
g Z1$
+ gzZ 8
-g ![%
O[ Zy

L ; X Sg Z e
$DHX
Hg Z
X @*
kZ 1 { C" Y Z 6,x { W,Oi X CY X
Zi` M X ZikZaZ @*
Y uZiBn%kZ L
g
/~Zz[ M [%X CY C',d1 @*
ZiV%ZX Z Z KZ
X @*
ZOzgn%tV Zz
~ !*
x X ,: w EZ!*
r%g S,uF,
x lZx
 M wze :6,
X ,wEZnA!*
gyZgzZW X Og6, Y Z!*
gzZC
b
-Zq
q
-Zx
Pz YzZ: {Zzg^X B3x
x Z
/0*
Vgy8 :Z
3X , 6,x { W,
O Vgzgg^ X ,wEZB 0*
{ i @*
m

X BB0*
{ i @*
x Z
/0*
klYlg Z
0333-4058503 *

2014ag ( 57 ) m] )x