The axilla is divided into three segments by the pectoralis minor muscle. It contains the axillary artery and vein, as well as lymph nodes. The axilla is bounded by the lateral border of the upper arm, medial border of the scapula, and lower border of the pectoralis minor muscle. It has four surfaces: anterior/pectoral bounded by the pectoralis major and minor muscles, posterior/scapular bounded by the scapula and teres major muscle, lateral/humeral bounded by the humerus and biceps brachii muscles, and medial/costal bounded by the ribs and serratus anterior muscle. The axilla contains the axillary artery and vein
The axilla is divided into three segments by the pectoralis minor muscle. It contains the axillary artery and vein, as well as lymph nodes. The axilla is bounded by the lateral border of the upper arm, medial border of the scapula, and lower border of the pectoralis minor muscle. It has four surfaces: anterior/pectoral bounded by the pectoralis major and minor muscles, posterior/scapular bounded by the scapula and teres major muscle, lateral/humeral bounded by the humerus and biceps brachii muscles, and medial/costal bounded by the ribs and serratus anterior muscle. The axilla contains the axillary artery and vein
The axilla is divided into three segments by the pectoralis minor muscle. It contains the axillary artery and vein, as well as lymph nodes. The axilla is bounded by the lateral border of the upper arm, medial border of the scapula, and lower border of the pectoralis minor muscle. It has four surfaces: anterior/pectoral bounded by the pectoralis major and minor muscles, posterior/scapular bounded by the scapula and teres major muscle, lateral/humeral bounded by the humerus and biceps brachii muscles, and medial/costal bounded by the ribs and serratus anterior muscle. The axilla contains the axillary artery and vein
- Extends 6 in. from outer border of 1 st rib up to lower
border of teres major AXILLA - Divided into 3 segments by pectoralis minor -anatomic pyramid situated between the medial border of 1. 1st part upper arm and lateral upper border of the thorax -proximal to pectoralis minor -1branch: superior thoracic artery 4 Surfaces 2. 2nd part 1. Anterior/Pectoral -underneath pectoralis minor a. Pectoralis major and fascia -shortest - nerve supply (NS) : medial and lateral pectoral nerve -2 branches b. Pectoralis minor a. Thoraco-acromial - NS : medial pectoral nerve - penetrates through clavipectoral fascia c. Subclavius --> important fascia that separates pectoralis - NS : nerve to subclavius major from pectoralis minor and envelopes the axillary vessels 2. Posterior/Scapular wall Acromial a. Scapula Pectoral b. Subscapularis Deltoid - NS : upper and lower subscapular nerve Clavicular c. Latissimus dorsi b. Lateral Thoracic - NS : thoracodorsal nerve - supplies the lateral aspect mammary d. Teres major gland - NS : lower scapular nerve 3. 3rd part 3. Lateral/Humeral border -distal to pectoralis minor a. Humerus -3 branches b. Long head of biceps brachii a. Subscapular c. Short head of biceps brachii -largest branch d. Corachobrachialis Thoracodorsal - goes along with thoracodorsal nerve 4. Medial/Costal which supplies the lattisimus dorsi a. Upper 2nd -6th rib muscle b. Serratus anterior - nerve root origin of - NS : long thoracic nerve thoracodorsal nerve --> posterior cord Circumflex scapular Apex - goes through the triangular space - directed towards the root of the neck triangular, blunt a. Upper border of scapula b. Clavicle b. Anterior circumflex humeral c. 1st rib - found in the anterior part of the Base surgical head of the humerus a. Skin and subcutaneous b. Axillary fasciae c. Posterior humeral circumflex - goes along with the axillary nerve to Circulation the quadrangular space Axillary vein -1st to be seen when axillary sheath is opened Lymphatics -lies over axillary artery - 3 levels in reference to pectoralis minor a. Level 1 - lymph nodes lying inferior or at the lower border of -extends from lower border of the teres major up to the outer pectoralis minor border of 1st rib then becomes subclavian vein - Includes subscapular group of lymph nodes and lymph nodes lying along the axillary vein Originated from: - Largest group of lymph nodes --> drains the teres, a. vena comites lateral thoracic wall and upper extremities b. basilic vein * interpectoral lymph nodes - lymph nodes lying along pectoralis major and minor muscles --> Rotter's nodes Axillary artery b. Level 2 - after the 1st rib - lying along or beneath the pectoralis minor
ANATOMY | Axilla | October 18, 2014
- Includes subclavian vein lymph nodes c. Level 3 - lying superior to pectoralis major muscle - Includes subclavicular lymph nodes Nerves associated with axilla a. long thoracic nerve b. Thoracodorsal nerve c. Anterior thoracic nerves --> medial and lateral pectoral nerves