L l-i rpp ri R ti|

( 1 1-jr. I'lihr!

Fin 11. mi

II II IN

:l. -in-iiii; I

illil

k(H I

I.O\ I

YX f ML im !. i A JM M ! X]fA I jOVK

l J

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS AND POSSIBLE

SOLUTIONS FOR A NEW COMMUNICATION
SYSTEM WITHIN THE NORWEGIAN POWER
SYSTEM

l|, Kanrie-n., (J- CjiTde* and 1|,

K- rtiKXfflDil*,

*.Vvi--r,iinnjL' /kiiow
Viumwn

NordgJipd4*

ikJu. .ViiHiwj

Hiiinv .Sy.rr.vi 4ViAv,

.V'ATITII'I

tfjitragt. 9CADA [SSupM-tfCsory OQMVQ&. Wlfl nfi t,* QequiRlt L-oni sysltf liAUis IVKH Installed in the
I'Wccqian powsr system oi?icc the- early aer-entLes- The need as nw arising to equip- hUjbei level
Systems lEHSi Tti Ls wl II LnwoTve new oomifcjn Lcatacci solu
control centers with Energy
tions to tween a lorqi- nuitor Df con L ml centers anil t-*tween dirfnrent -jLi 1 IALL-S. Ba&irJ on UIHLA
and data ruuKtod at f*eh canton}. l-AWtr general ri#qj5 ramnAAi for a n*w camuniio he
cation syflfcdrt h*o
eBtehl Srfifrl r Tltti&e reqjlfMfite flOfiprSaSB GQfflHnjGatifiil ayrteti BttiUice.

tine reennM5r transmission recur ityr nccijracy, t ran sn LEE ion availability end drf Lncticn of a
disturbance which fTnuld be bandied satisf actor ly fer* the system* The proposed sysLai is
basically a prSvatc ccraun I nation sysLen with Lhc put-1 Lc syibjr IFTT'I as a back-up* It is
reomnwivlAcT to LIRA an K , 2C. pnnfeni r-vi i nlwcl riyiKfi aril i I- frKtabl IsIronL d! comunleatLon preoa.nr s' i :i -i:>T.:iiWr:+ with 1.Jl* QfiJ-ffCdkii. Ttl-il pftpftSAd SVEiAAfl biM A Flat Structure OJXl LhC
pWSifcdlity to estsblldi direct cTATunlcaticm between all levels Ln the cvfitiol hierarchy-.

FmarwiT

Keywords. TfclAcomuni-aajLLofE; hlArodvical sysLefiii; cawrijn-LcaLlan conrutcrs applications* power

synLn OflW,IC*lF 'ViU ftequSflitlflnF MraWffiiGSfclOfi syflljtn: if eqi 5 rtf-rent &H

TwraocumOT

TT<r- 1W& l=B

L3U3B <if tle PE*gqiiip P-T-er

lBel
"JyBi.n

I. _a_

Lmmlve comun 3cation

Tbit: MSLIiiHpldn (ttwer aye-ten is hydro dcwiinated In

1905 the total sscMcr product Lon was !:03,1 TV.1- F out
of viich 99 rT per cent was hydre power* T&ie

Te

intnadoctian ot

qcivjp

si.j.-,

new functions- requires a

enmiSeaLiaii
tlsnf

fuc.Ti:--.!

to flUCTi

ID

establLi

the general

-vi f 19051.

The load variation is TO Inly a typical IwP-peah

cijr.'ej with a maderat* nEqbt/day ratLo DE approKjnatcly Cr& ard .1 ftjawr/wlr.Le-r peak ratio oC
Apprnnirirttly &r$r
I rt*Lif ly
le*? Cs
n*m m,

ITUs piipDr presen.ta th* approazh used tD deLenrlne

hn i +-.711 i THTB?IILS ,HK! IJ"FH a I ear naL i
sysLcn SQ1U->
tliXrs, twUlWC with ft prepcava eens*pL far Lhs

Ctmpjiicat iijrt syitarir

nunit-ipslly
Sme 52 ier cent of dhe Etntrijrtion
cned. serre 11 per cant owned by the c-taLe and the
nenalnlng private-Iy otaiDd.* The itate Lntercst is

OMTBL ETELICTUP

organ1zf>.1 in smi utility,, "Jin- SIAL-H Tower Eystwri

Tlie control of t?ie HOTOSJW E'rr system JR b*

on a three level hierarch deal structure of disThe
tcLctH rc-q Lenka, and national control
eonLco] at/Lctjre for a 3td11 oLJlttVr a nedltn
uiLLLLy, a large utLllty arpd Lhe power poo-1 is
RhDwvii in Pi-q. 1.

ISKSJ-. In- adHition SPS ie and craer-Steft

cent of the nain qnd. ftLl the pcMsr iTuduciifg
utilities are qrajped into sane 15 operarting
units. Tiey have tcrne>H a nation wide power peril.
the For wen j.an
Pool rMFPI P which co-ordinates
Riiiuiigf or riori->Dantr acted pwr, optLnal power

..

nay

have Its -own district center

di etc" Let cm tor with ntlier
Lit ties, .hs a total there ill be EI'TO fill cxn'iuyalm- There
trol centers in the l*0Ee-3LBP
will be less than rive utilities with the nedi'jr

h Riual.1 utility

:.H:

oi a Hen ComranLcaticH Syalen

Tna Laillat I cn Df flCJUM. s'tons In the 'Herweqian

seuertLos. By
AyAinn AUMfe! jti ih.Ahave tftn
n>=. I -Of
J. In; ifjfll r igtPilrR
fiTw

-hare a

wapin

iitULLy ccntiul atrucLurt* The SLate F-wer SystcThinie th# ntruntura =nf a largo utility

will

TXMT

equipped with Sudh Eystena. vH-ereAn ixTly CAiporary

nlninul SDlatlcei systens haw been
the Tilqhcr- level control centers-.

fgfr-

LflO ftyflban-., and

tD
BlbHlUtlm COfcrfli*5#ifiOF! nftrtfttiptB,
This qrciJT; consisted of nwTers fr-cm the- State
Power 'lYS-ben,. the MorMKptan Fewer Fool and Oslo
Electricity Board
reqjicmjntfli

The traranission ayrlUai, 132/300/420 hVr cbnnectina the generation cepozity to Lhc iotad are? to
neighbouring
thie
to
count rios
arnauntf

The

different

Sj'/Tjl.rm I
\

nitf rWii-wTirk :;:-ja: i A1.1On

sjz'h

i4n*UrsG!

RlqniFiC-AOt

areas*

Oi Cil.p.:- i :si:

between

pHnies.

y
EnsLallAd gneraLion
7: li . Jili" Vt4. T'rin
rAi;. [nrr L& fftirly well diatrih.rted tIiriXat4-rr.it
the coufllEVr
with sone typical pccduct L-on and

load

4C"] Qitrq lO *ilp KM<& &5#WStfentocH uith advanced! control FurttLiftriB.

FiHHtqy HanaqanraL 3y along. TTi i a will .nlsa

.lewl*

iiy:iiKi

Ine-tailed in

11nation
dletrict

175

sennuDl

SCpiM.-functiofre

decentrairgalerehUjd St

stiiesscs

are

li.

ill-

}I

v: I

ri

f.'i

11J i |-i> nliiUay KivajSrinia .J set or

This WS
Wn C- descr LhOfi!:1.
.in1
rH.Urn'il
UWpLnq
MliHifELy
i>Jl.flirty
intEueierrs , av# L Lability tff i.S- oohinitatLOf*
sya-te-n -aV1 the -accuracy of e-Tch data type
Tn

7R

.: -Tf i i i

a'-

-th-Xl
-rj H

x
M

oa
\

fc

66b

L'qi

I-J-I

fl w K L 11:1!,r

fcbiuUon

bib bib

hsnj

K=XI mUNEtfTS

ilTEKEfotE.

Ftr'.Ttiire

uhl#Y
"Tie

l..yar#i[?

lints

<=[> hrara-.>li;r,

Tig I

hh'ik-i r vl"i I'E":1I K1M1 u i I.Ti A rtfriflildiWl iV/SUrt

urw3 a dincueeion 9f thin MtlutLon.

uhlrty

bob
\,miU

Lhcae sys-ten.aril d LaaduanLaqes f-n-r

lanr. nd.v .truly ROC! In S iqhL r.-r LIM spe-sSHc
IVI in the htorvigiani rouei system,

IM.

a:

pc#

Eased -T\ the dnta csiEaKnt&r alternate

miniratiSn eciluL i-nne: wre sLudLed. This r-turiy
incLi-rtec! a Lready iantalLed system; in ether minirie-s and comercisl turn-hey syntaTs. TTie a-Hu-.SH

r-fj

I arrd Ijp gut

I i L':i >.k Ian-!

CifcPr cl IPVBI

13

(mlrcJ sarsiB

srari

-in-

nFsrrjIitn

>

iJDTfif

I-HM-HI a flf LTw hi iY artaEful control Struc

Ay*! i.fa hd'.'ii La OSTTture ill the HbXwtjyia*

nunlcat# wFih * njsnfrfef :':f eanCr-rvl finljHi-H ,\\. the
icwer levels.. Ttase control --enierE -ace furnielied
hy different -ranul-acturera -and -are of vario-js si7e
and
, *&tv- T* -::-T l liH runlcol I-5..IIIL flrS- if* nJittrlay, The CWtfmi
f>'nc.Hfc-.
ib&se differenL cenLers has Lo 1 sLarrtardi&sl *nd
has to be a raod.ilar syston Jiere new control
renters can bft ecnneotiwl wfen needed. TBL- IrvLe-mii,
rwiiL-Ht i h i T-bLn therfirfnin I ftlt iftf! hfiUftitift
uti 1 i t icS Is P:vr nai-ly ftOlu t aOne SSiFic to- ll>

rtMiiifjY-l.ijrifr ,

viriin ftp

F.mnr.Efnur:

nn:TFfVFm

tiJS
Tlie -nrcJE* lOOTCPentrled -S
effoil on liic catabliainenL of
wt of mnx [n ndelay rtiuLrener.Li: abH an determni rvi undeT
cOndLiL'fti

s,w?iiLrrthnLs shoeiLrt anplVa.

IshtaF .J-I amuraLe dencrLptian

tha -.|r ri!ij
life ll-ll 'l rHHJ.31 im-.-3ll.ft Fl>r I VHI J.LI lCl.i:'i
an tL-uieL
ThEfl i Iicli.ilV3 #11 'l.il_?i I -,rfrfi
ri

irriacfltiwiSi

aeasorerr.i -Sj

rT.fnTiiniS lir*E tF'-e-re WEJ] he- a ainnLfL-anl delay in

Lon

di- n , iljsi.H
Lj.vriltity &F eh

hisUirhul

for 'sc'iedul ing arri nesMges, "d-e

fata tvi- wan exactly desrrLbefi. The ms a nur erects
wee cortei into 3 grc*Jt=s accord jptq to iriori ty
vfr, ."i
Tl'e- h L-n eel pc Lori ly group ibr in-deb
kV end Ra mcEanjcnents at the 1 Jj kVr Ji'iO kv -arvl
420 W lru#l.

..

It Ls Lrpc>rLanL that Ll"ie ccanLnLcatlon TerfjireH lire dirnl.-jciiHt:! fcfl FWTIIH 1:Th' nA'?r*l. Liafli'i
nltiiatScinf: vften
iTL-Llii. iriiuH #rri thAe #r # "ISK
the iMfT syntem i nf::-mpt Lon i r- needed I.U? la'int
tt5Timn! age reigurinarentar nn the worbt case O<HTKane tCdi I. irn under
t>rese
***
tlerefore aiiecifiirf for each RTOBT, Firm the
and the raxinji nirrtcy at levels in
maKaiMT.
Lhe centnl h i-erarby i.!ri+ CTATA tiad in tfeverH,
Lhe FJV I T-IUI delary 1n the LnCoiriatton tremnissiDn
al vMli IVVHI VIS

..

new.

TTiL-

omriin 1-cat.Lon

ha'.'-u .a fiat nl.iii-ntuicrr in

ninnid

TD do this the gccjy first df-scrihed the atrurrLuce

&t the- ciOTiLrcl litDcaxchy and what Larftn should he
:1wip a-i. fiaeh
usk* were divided LnLo
difEerent qm r.n , LK-.i-:e JTO will he LIXJIWIIRIK! in
al. a later
thrive
the rwHt 1 yeflCH
-analysiH rrtH*tfe6 -an i rrri-HH i i>d n+ncl In
=t---e.
eqwip the higher -level LijnteTT 'itli y-lvnni.-ed prwerosruilally securaly
m-tMorV ecnLrol rLTdions
ftwE U>r iibii aiv! fitTiUr i ty .ir-ilyS-n fiErr-LSflnn such an
netir'-s t:.gs;loqfr Tt-iite
ra I jjrfi
ii im,
load- f 1w ar>i coni:merL' anal'EiE
1.3 F

The stuclurc or Lbic- syslen shcoLil be ~ir.Ui Lo

Lr-ansTil L i nfnrnaUQn hij-LibAXin centers al the- r-ir*;Isl in Uw hiHr-rlV/ >ifl Hfil -IX. -=il-:i(Kl l.vw |T.,V
rr-iTTrl linp-a. T he intocrT-at L-r>n n..Ti in nll-:hv The

Tj-re

si.'nt-aT ahcLr?

L-n- r i-.liir.ii

irar

Ufte.

n cY'J>=iri.r;

Trie oompulfl-r~aSded tanka En the io:nLro] cen.icT.n

need -iruLcfe InfDeriaLSQn from Lbe pcwe-i nyntrr io
inf*n I I n.'
Lor* ie the r.-r.r.L rr.l rTiLet s h Libnm iliWi'X::l. nl-ln 1 Ln ilr'l-Hy .

If

rrayyr disturLcnce oocurHi the network connln-J :I il

pi n:-s ril H! hi 1.llH i':-|_i<r .i I HI H I.

r iqilf.ll LOrt

the

Itf uSljlln 5* RWftt!A.

cTietriT-l
bo, 1 IT i OJ iLy repjreTentE CSGTCiiT
-shciiild H*e presented within Ki seconds*

SjinLLnriy the
vlije5l

an Llw gtudy of tanks i.o

i-rforned ut
each Cantrell level., the qrwp has E'rd nuKiiYam
prtrens InfnrruLSm rhing the EronL-iKl
*9*
interface*,

as shown Ln

r i .-nT j e L tri

FSg. 2

h-oe JI j E y

TT.e OWTCIM L-CHI inn

has in fp ahle to detent
f a LIijl c-r. in piarLs of the net-rk .?md -sjtciTat Leally
nwl
Ln atsrJby i_nltn tC aya.Li*hS.ei,
fly fitcn has La haw a re.-ntecc 'n-h l:;h
sstief LC= the |n-l> cFiteckon Jn ih- naiar confoj 3T]t =aj1-al ljmss.
wni-tation nctHWft,.

The

Thfi o,5iriical.inn cr/slo? nesL h* HI.->1P to- rc-jte Lhii

LnrcrTatl.cn alternative waya. t-o the den-tirkiLSun.
II aim? Ha= to te abl# to -=letKt blt-lauLs **ri
nEftfligg infamatEon ,1 to hanjlli rctraYi*ni3*am
hv.-'i i ie:'7!i3Ej ry