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H3.!'(albe H3 1984, ro.!'(HHe Koje je 6HJIO IIITUMnaHO JIaTJ.lHHI~OM, HOBo, hHPHJI
CKO, H3.!'(albe YCJlOBHJIO je, no ce6H ce pU3YMe, UPOMCHY penOCJle.!'(a onpe.!'(
HHll,a Koje, HHa'Ie, HHCY MelbaHe.

P~MHJIa IIeuIlrli H

Ha):la MHJIOIUeBHh-'B0PgeBHh

HAPO,[(HA KJbJDKEBHOcr

Y TeKCT CMO YHeJIH caMO HeKOJIHKO OHpellHHl\a KOjc cY TeXHH'IKOM rpe

IIIKOM 6HJIe H30CTaBJbeHe H3 npeTxo.!'(Hor H3,!'(aH,a,
JIaTHHH'IHY TPaHCKpHnll,Hjy ,[IeJIa Ha PYCKOM BpaTHJIII CMO Ha opHrHHaJI.

CiliPY'l.HO MUUlIbelbe

OCTaJIH CMO BepHH npon03Hll,HjaMa 6H6JIHOTCKC 'lJOBcK H pe'I, Koja HHje

npeJ.\BHljana 6H6JIHorpaCKe no.!'(aTKc HCnO)~ O,[lpenHHll,a, jep 6H CBaKa
npoMeHa Y TOM CMHCJIY 3Ha'lHJIa He nOHOBJl,eHO, neh I10TnYHo HOBO H3,[1albe,
. H naK CMO nOKYIIIaJIH J.\a aKTyaJIH3yjeMo ,HeKe on .!'(aTYMa Y 6HorpaHjaMa
HaY'IHHKa 06YXBaheHHX Y npBOM H3,[1aH,Y (ro}VIHY CMPTH, YKOJIHKO cy Y
MeljYBpeMeHy npeMHHYJIH, H aKO CMO no TaKBor 110naTKa MOrJIH nOhH),
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Ba)KHHjHx pa.!'(OBa KOjH cY ce nojaBHJIH OA 1984, Kalla je npBO' H3nalbe
'H3aIIIJIO H3 IIITaMne, lbHXOB cnHC8K C1'aBHJIH CMO Ha Kpaj KlbHre,
orpaHH'IHBIIIH ce yrJIaBHOM Ha J.\eJIa OHHX HaY'IHHKa' 'mje ce O,[lpe,[lHHll,e
Hana3e y. npeTXO,[lHOM H3AalbY, H3Y3eTaK CMO Y'IMHHJIH ca pa,[lOSHMa KOjH
cy Y'Met>yspeMeHY J.\onpHHeJIH OCSeTJI,aBalbY napO,!'(HC KlbIDKeSHOCTH H3
npyror yrJIa, HJIH 06paJ.\HJIH HOBe TeMe, OCTaBHJIH CMO 1I0 CTp'aHH nCJIa H3
TeopHje YCMeHe KlbH)KeBHOCTH H KYJIType, Koja co 'He 'TH'IY HaIlle'
KlbH)KeBHOCTH (YKOJIHKO ce He pa.!'(H 0 He3a06HJIa3HHM neb KJIaCH'IHHM
oCTBapelbHMa npeBeJ.\eHHM Ha cpncKH je3HK). Kao H' MOHorpaHje H3
',eTHOJIOrHje H eTHoMY3HKOJIOrnje Koje ce He Gane HcnoCpenHO 'YCMeHOM
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Beorpa):l

,.JJ:a He 6HCMO MelbaJIH npS06HTHY 3aMHcao, Y kojoj 'upconnaljyje KOHll,eiIT

HCTOpHje H TeopHje HapOnHe KlbH)K'CBHOCTH, Y H3KH8}{HY 6H6J1HorpaHjy'
HHCMO YHeJIH paJ.\OBe nOCJICHHKa. KOjM ce MCKJby'mBo, MJIM MaxOM, 6ase
TepeHCKHM pa~OM, OCHM aKO seh HHCY 6HJIH YHCTM H Y npeTXO.!'(HO H3J.\albe,

'THI'ax<: 1590 npHMepaKa

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IIpe,ll'aTo 3a lliTaMny jYHa 1996, rO):\HHe.

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AYTOPH

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CXO,llHO ,fIPYlllTBeHa TBOpeBlma, lllTO Y KOJIeKumy HacTaje H jeAHHO nOMoliy

lhera Mo~e M q,YHK:U;HOHHcaTH, lllTO caMa no ce6H HMa BHllleCTpYKY
,QPYlllTBeHY YJIory, O,Q YTHJIHTapH0-ManljcKe )\0 eCTeTHtIK0-YMeTHHtIKe.
HapO,flHa KlhIDKeBHOCT je CHHKpeTM'IHa YMeTHOCT, H Y caMOM nO'leTKY 3a
BHCHlie OA ,IlPyrnx YMeTHOCTH, aJIH Kao H OHe, H O,Q lllHpOKor nO,llpYtlja
MaTepHjaJIHe H ,[lYXOBHe KYJIType. Kao HHTepAHC:U;HnJIHHapHa 06nacT caMa
no ce6H, npe,llMeT je H3Y'laBalha B ,IlPYrHX HaYKa, Kao lllTO cy q,HJIOJIOmja,
eTHOJIo.mja, aHTpOnOJIOrHja, MBTOJIOmja, q,HJI030q,H,ia, CO:U;HOJIOrBja,
HCTopBJa, HTA.
O,QHOC npeMa HCTOPBjH, Hapo'mTO ,Y O,Qpe,QHHI~aMa 0 enH:U;B B 0 KynTyp
H0-HCTOPHjCKHM npe,QalhHMa, noce6HO je ,[lOlIlao ,QO H3pa~aja, npe,QCTa
BJbajyliH H BeOMa CHa~aH TOK HCTpa~HBalha y Hallloj ,Qoca,Qallllhoj HaY:U;H,
H3a3BaH 06jeKTHBHHM OKOJIHOCTHMa. HeMHJIocp,QHOM HrpOM CTBapHe
HCTopHje H reorpaq,CKor nOJIo~aja CTBopeHH cy H,IleaJIHH yenoBH 3a
06JIHKOBalhe enCKe noe3Hje, npeMa CBHM 3aXTeBHMa 3aKOHHTOCTH OBe
BpCTe.
YCMeHY Klh~eBHOCT je, Mel)YTHM, norO,QHHje 1l0CMaTpaTH Kao HCTOBpe
MeHH nope,QaK Hero Kao XPOHOJIOlIlKH pe,QOCJIc,Q ,IleJIa Y OKBHPY HCTOPHj
CKor npo:u;eca, He caMO 3aTO lllTO ce H3Mei,)y OBHX Aena Hana3e ,Qym nepHO
,QH KOjH HaM He OCTaBJbajy HHje,QHO 3a6ene~eHO OCTaapelhe YCMeHe KlhH
~eBHOCTH, Beli H 3601' caMe npHpO,Qe rpal)e. HaC'raHaK YCMeHor ,Qena caMO
ce no H3Y3eTKY nO,QY,Qapa C BpeMeHOM lheronor 6eJIe~elha, a CTapoCT
MOTHBa, Kao caMOCTaJIHHX je,llHHH:u;a npHXBalieHHX Y 1'Pa,QH:U;HjH, He Mo~e ce
H3je,QHa'lHTH C BpeMeHOM 06nHKOBalha KOHKpeTHe YMCTHH'IKe TBopeBHHe.
I1peOBJIal)yje nocTojaHoCT noje,QHHHXCTpYKTypa KOMn03H:U;HOHHX cxeMa, H
y3 CBY lhHXOBY q,JIeKCH6HJIHOCT O,Qp~aBajy ce OCHOBHC O,QnHKe BpCTa. Y
pe'lHHKY CMO 3aTO MHOro millle HHcHCTHpaJIH Ha H,QCjHOM, MOTHBCKOM,
~aHpoBCKOM, C'ipYKTYPHOM KOHTHHYHTCTy Hero HaxpoHOJ!omjH. To He
3Ha'lH ,[la ce HHCMO TPY,QHJIH ,Qa 06YXBaTHMO cse eTane pa3Boja YCMeHe
Klh~eBHOCTH OHonHKO KonHKO cY HaM nonYlllTallH nHcaHH TparOBH 0 lhOj
H lheHH 3anHCR (O,Qpe,QHH:u;e: nOMeHH' H 3anHCH, aH'I'OJIomje, npeBO,QH...).
HaKO KOHTHHYHTeT HHje je,llHOCTaBHO H3pa3HTH nYTeM pe'IHHKa, OH ce Y
'lheMy Mo~e carne,QaTH Y OKBHPY 06pa,Qe noje,QHHa'IHHX nojMoBa, HnH naK,
Y OKBHPY cKyna pa3nWIHTHX nojMoBa KOjH, 06YXBaheHH 3aje,QHO, YKa3yjy Ha
TpaHcq,opMa:U;Hje HAeja''OA npBHX aHliMHCTHtlKHX enHKa CBeTa (y 6ajanH:u;a
Ma H ,QeMOHOJIOlllKHM npe,QalhHMa), O,Q MHTOJIOIIIKHX BH3Hja (y cnaCOBCKHM
06pe,QHHM neCMaMa O,QeBoj:U;H-nrneHHI.{H, oenoooi,)eHoj H3 nO,lpeMHor CBeTa
Y BpeMe 6yl)elha BereTa:u;Hje), ,QO )'MeTHH'IKor anCTpaXOBalha H noeTCKe
CTHnH3a:U;Hje OnlllTeJbY,QCKHX ocehalha (y Jby6m3Hoj H cBa,Q6eHoj JIHPH:U;H),
HJIH ,QO 'ByJIH'la~a enCKor nO,QBHI'a Kao CHHTe3e q,M3H IKor jYHalllTBa H
'
eTH'lKe y3~HllleHOCTH.
.
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HaKO npHMeHY 6Horpaq,CKor npHJIa3a Y npoY'IaBalhY y'CMeHe KlhIDKeBHO
C'Ilf YMHOroM oHeMoryhyjy 'IHlheHH:u;e .,Qa cy nesatlH H Ka3HBatlH HJIH aHO
. HHMHe HJIH MaJIO n03HaTe JIlMHOCTH, '0 .'lHjeM :>KH;BOTY HM'a ca~o OCKY,Q~
n0J:\a-:raKa? H ,Qa I'lX je .H3:8aH KOpeJIaI.{Hja Tpa,QHI~Hja - ~TBapaJIa:u; - ,Il~JIq -:
nyQJIH~a BeQMa.TelllKOcar:rW,QaTH, Y Harnoj Hayl~ oaa} MeTO,Q HMa ~eJIHK~
'6poj nOKJIOHHKa ~ Ma~OM' ce pa3BBja ,[lBOCMepHb: YCMeHO ,I{eJIO <;~ 'ry!'ifa'IH.
np()HaJI~elbeM nO,QaTaK~ H3 )KljBoTa CTBapao:u;a-neBatta, HJIH ce, YKO,nHKO

je CTBapaJIa:u; aHOHHMaH, OTKpHBa lherOB H,QeHnfTeT aHaJll:I30M ,QeJIa. Y

pe'lHHKY he ce 3aTO Hahn H 6Horpaq,Hje B~HHjHX neBa'la H Ka3UBa'la, aJIH

Y 06HMy orpaHH'leHOM KOHKpeTHornliy HHq,opMaI.{Hje.

YHYTaplhH npHcTyn YCMeHoj KlhIDKeBHOCTH Y petyHliKY yenoBHa je H 06y

XBaTHa npeTnOCTaBKa, H HHje onpe,QeJbIIBalhe 3a je,QHY MeTO;!lOJIOmjy, Te ra

'I'pe6a CXBaTHTH Kao nOKyrnaj ,Qa ce y lheMY,Qa nperne;!l Ha'IeJIa (YCMeHe)

KlhH~eBHOCTH, lheHHX KaTeropHja H MepHJIa ... Kao l~eJnIHe, aJIH H ):\a ce Ha

noje,QHHIIM ,Qe1lHMa OBa Ha'leJIa HJIYCTpyjy: ):Ia ce y MeTO BpeMe ,fI06Mje M

yB~ Y pa3JIM'lHTa CXBaTalha OBHX MepHJIa, 3aBHCHO O;!l BpeMeHa Y KOMe ce

OHa YCTaHOBJbyjy.

Y OKBHPY pa3MaTpalha rpal)e ,QaTH cy lIperne;!lH H aHaJIH3e Ba~HjHX TeMa,

MOTHBCKHX CKJIOnOBa H MOTHBa YCMeHe KlhH~ellHOCTH, y3 HaBol)elha BapH

jaHaTa Ha y~eM, jyrOCJIOBeHCKOM KOMnapaTHBHOM nJIaHY H lUHpeM,

Mei,)YHapO):lHOM, HapO'IHTO Ha nO,QPY'Ijy YCMeHe IIp03C. Ha Mel)H xpHlllliaH

CKor HCTOKa H 3ana,Qa, Hallla YCMeHa KlhH~ellHOCT O'IYBaJIa je II CJIojeBe

CTapHX opHjeHTaJIHHX peJIHrHja, YCBojHJIa H TpaHcnOHOBaJIa MHora npe,Qa

lha aHTH'IKor CBeTa, CBe TO nO,Qpe,QHBIUH pa3BHjcHOM KO,QeKCY cBoje

06HtIajHe eTHKe.

YKa3yjyhH Y OKBHPY noje,QHHHX TepMHHa H Ha OBaKBe I1ojaBe, TPY,QHJIH CMO

ce ):Ia KOMJ1apaTUBHO nOBe~eMO ca cne:U;Hq,HtIHHM Y cBaKoj noce6Hoj YMeT

HH'IKOj TpaHCn03HI.{HjH TeKCTa.

HaKO ce pa3BHjaJIa Ha HeKH HatIHH O,QBojeHo on Hame BHCOKO pa3BHjeHe

xpHlllhaHcKe nHcaHe KlhIDKeBHOCTH cpe,Qlher BCKa, O}l peHecaHce H 6apoKa,

OHa je C lhHMa KOMyHH~paJIa. YO'lHBa cy MHora Y3ajaMHa npO~HMalha He

caMO y nOrJIe;!lHMa Ha CBeT, Ha cH~ejHO-TeMaTCKOM imaHY, Beh H Y;!lOMeHY

KOMn03H:U;Hje H. CTHJIHCTHKe, Ha lllTa pe'IHHK TaKol)e YKa3yje.

UaT je nperJIe;!l 06JIHKa Harne YCMeHe KlhlI~eBHOCTH, lheHHX pO,QOBa, BpCTa

H nO,QBpCTa, Kao H cBojCTBeHoCTH lhHxo~or 06pa30Balha. C je,QHe C'I'paHe,

Hnp. Y enHI.{H, npaheHO je THnH'lHO q,opMHpalhe np03HHX Ka3HBalha H

necaMa Koje cy, HaKO 3aBpllleHe YHYTap ce6e, npe,QCTaBJbaJIe ,Qeo lllHpOKHX

30HBalha H C.JI)')KHne lhHXOBOM OCBeTJb,walhY; C ,Qpyre CTpaHe, YKa3HBaJIli

CMO Ha OCTBapelha Koja cy, HCKJIeCaHa Kao MaJIC :u;eJIHHe; HM,aJIa q,YHK:U;Hjy

q,opMBpa~a noeTCKHX 6Horpaq,Hja jYHaKa, O,Q H,HXOBor peaJIH0-HCTOPHj

<:Kor HJIB HampHpO):lHOr pol)elha ):10 CMPTH.
'

H,QeHTHq,HKa~joM ,Qoral)aja ca ,[lO~HBJbajeM CTBopeHa je KO;!l Hac enBKa

KpaTKHX necaMa ca jaKoM npHMeCOM ocenajHoCTH. Y pe'lHHKy he ce 3aTO

HaliH ;!lOCTa aHaJIH3a noje,[lHHa'lHHx necaMa Koje he 3<lje,QHo CTBOPHTH BH3H

jy enoneje, aJIH Koje npe CBera'er3HC'Ilfpajy CaMe no ce6H. Y3 HMeHa jYHa

J(a H lhHXOBHX nOpO):lH:u;a HanaJe ce lhHXOBe HCTopHjcKe If JIereH;!lapHe

6Horpaq,Hje Kp03 BeKOBe, TaKO ;!la. C~ Mory yOtlHTH npo:u;ecH q,opMHpalha

:U;HKJIyca OKO noje;!lHHHX 'JIIf'lHOCTH H ):Ioral)aja.

Uo H3pa~aja cy ,QoI1!JIe H 1f3BeCHe KpynHHje TeMaTCKC je,QHHH:u;e Koje HMajy

B~llle TOKOBa MOTBBCKor H CTPYKTYpHor pa3BHTKa IIpHXBab:eHor Y Tpa;!lH

:U;HjH, a 'o6H1lHO ce 03Ha'laBajy ca}KeTHM, 'YC1:an,CHHM aCO:U;HjaTHBHHM CHH

-rarMaMa (ripOrl5lheHa ,QeBojKa, Y3Hl)Haalhe ~HHor oHlia y TeMeJbe HeKe

rpa,Qlhe, 3.H,Qalhe 3a;!ly~6H~a, jYHatlJ(e ~eHH,Q6e, ~T,Q.).

. Y pe'lHHKY ce.noM:im.e H 3HaTaii 6pQJ jYHa~a iU)CHJIa:u;a pa,[llhe, npe csera Y

. nOJe;!lHHHM. ,QeIlIIM~, .aJIlI. I! y. O!OlRPY 1I0J~):IHHHX apCTa, THnOBa cneI.{H"
qmtIlUJX 3a Ham~)IO.iUIe6ihe, aJIH. 06JIHKOBaHHX Cpe,QCTBHMa y'CMeHe noeTH-
Ke H i:rpBnaroi,)eHHX lhelmM 3aKOHHTOCTHMa, CIIOpe,[lHHX JIHKOSa 'H3 cq,epe .
CTBapHOCTH H HCTopilje YMeTHHtIKe -rpa):lH:U;Hjc. MHTOJIoruje H peJIHrnje.
CBeT HaTnpUpO;!lHHX 6Bha 'IeCTO ce KOPHCTH' y q,YHKI~HjH BHllle noeTCKe
H,Qeje Kao CTHJICKO H3pa~ajHo Cpe;!lCTBO. XpHlIIhaHCKH naHTeOH y o,QHoey

-11

Ha cTapHje penHrHje 3aY3HMa rroce6Ho MeCTO, C je}:lHe cTPaHe Y OKBHpY

rreCaMa H rrpH'la, C}:Ipyre Y Be3H CnojMoM CBen;a xepoja HnH aHljena 3alllTH
THHKa. 06pai)eHa cY H YCTaJbeHa HMeHa mf!l.l;lOCTH H reOrpalPCKHX MeCTa
Koja }:Io6:ajajy crren;HIP:a'lH)' ynmpe6y anH 'reCTO H 3Ha t laj CHM6ona.
TepMHHOnOmKH je o6yxBaheHO H nOlWYlIje CTHnHCTHKe - llHHaMH':lKH CH~
CTeM Y KOMe IPYHKn;HOHHllie HapO}:lHa KH:.H)KeBHOCT Kao YMeTHOCT pe'lH.
ITo6pojaHa cy H aHanH30BaHa OHa CTRnCKa Cpe}:lCTBa H OHH nojMoBH KOjH cy
6HTHH H lPyHKn;HOHanHH 3a YCMeHO CTBapaH:.e y n;enHHH, anH H YHYTap
O}:lpei)eHor }:lena (IPOpMynaTHBHOCT, rrOHaBJbalbe, napanenH3aM, nopei)e
H:.e, rpa}:lan;Hja, cnoBeHcKa aHTHTe3a, HT}:I.).
q,onKJIOpHCTH'lKe mKone H MeTO}:lH npOY'IaBaH:.a }:laTH cy rrOpe}:l6eHO,
npeMa H3BOPHHM TeopHjaMa. O}:l npOY'IaBanaI~a YCMeHe KlbH)KeBHOCTH
06YXBaheHH cY OCHHBa'IH H Ba)KHHjH npe}:lCTaBHMn;H nO.ieAHHHX mKona, anH
H MHorH APyrn HCTPa)KMBa'IH H caKynJbalIH. KaKO je CBpxa pe'lHHKa rrpe
CBera HHlPopMaTHBHOCT, TPYAHnH CMO ce Aa AocTa npoCTopa nOCBeTHMO
OHHM nocneHHn;nMa 3a Koje je Te)Ke Hahn nOAaTKe Y OCTanHM eHn;HKnone
}:IHjaMa. )];OCTa HCn;pnHe 6H6nHorpaIPHje pa}:lona. npoy'~aBanan;a ;HapO}:\He
KH:.H)KeBHOCTH, HamHX H CTPaHHX, rrpe}:lCTaBn,a)y CBOJeBp'CTaH rrperne}:l

Harne HayKe Koja je 6Hna H rrO}:lnora OBOMe pe'IHHKy.

OnHCHa 6H6nHorpaIPHja Ba)KHHjHX 'IaCOrrHCa H rry6nHKan;Hja, HCKJbytIHBO
HnH }:IenHMH'lHO rrocBeheHHX lPonKJIOpy H rpai)H H CTY}:lHjaMa 0 HapO}:lHoj
KH:.H)KeBHOCTH, TaKoi)e je 3aY3ena MeCTO y pe'IHHKy.
AYTOpH

f1
A>K.r.AJA. AeMoHcKo, 'IeCTO KpHJlaTO

Aa ce He AMpa.iY, Beh M Kao OYTOKa3

npepaCT8lba POM3Hce y HOBeJIMCTM'IKY
enMKY, KapaKTepMCTM'IaH 3a cpnCKY
enCKY lloe3Mjy. Y pOMaHCM (BYK, V,
551, JoBO '106aHMH H n;apeBa Khep) 0
cYJlTaHoBoj KhepH Kojy 'IOOaHHH OABO
AH Y nJIaHHHY MHMO lbeHe BOJbe, 6HTHO
je AYXOBHTO, MCTaIPOpH'IHO AeBoj'IHHo
OKTpHBalbe epOTCKHX 'mpH )KHBOTa C
'106aHHHOM, ynpKoc lberoBoM cOlUl.jaJI
HOM nopeKJly:

oHhe C BWIIe rJlaBa Koje, OACe'leHe,

Mory HaHOBO M3paCTlI.; pe~e npeA
CTaBJba caMO npHBpeMeH, CnOJbHH
06JlMK 'IoBe'ljer oMha. I1Ma MoryhHoCT
MeTaMOpIP03e. 'lJYBap je BOAa (Hapo
'IMTO je3epa) M 3a6palbeHHX npoCTopa.
I10jaBJbyje ce My npeAalbY H Y 6ajlUl., M
Y JlHPCKOj M Y encKoj noe3HjH. IIYTeM
nojMoBHe aHaJIOrMje a;lK):(aje ca 3MMjOM,
y enMI,(M ce MaXOM TyplUl. H ApallM
MAeHTHIPHKyjy ca a;lK):(ajoM (POll'le
Moje, 3MHjo OA TypaKa, Ha3HBa CTpa
XHHHh oaH AepBHma). Y cpeAlbOBe
KOBHoj cpnCKoj KlbIDKeBHOCTH IDKAa
ja-3MHja je CHMOOJl TypCKor 3JIa, llO'leB
OA KOCOBCKe 6HTKe. Mmi<:e ce npeT
nOCTaBHTH Aa. OBa. HJleHTHIPHKaD;Hja y
enHlUI. OAaTJIe M.llOTM'Ie. AJicAaja Haj
'Iemhe HaMehe AaHaK, npO;lK):(Hpe AeB0- .
jKe, .HaROCH 3JIO Y3anhHBalbeM H3Bopa.
[JIaBHH jYHaK je nooe~yje Ha MerAaHY
HJIM A03HaBmH TajHY lbeHe CHare,
cnaca}3a o,q lbe ,qeBojKY (JlereHAa 0 CB.
'Bop~y) HJIM.Ml!aAYH'IaA He'Ke )KHBOTH
lbe.(Haj'lemhe y 6ajKaMa).

A.iI, l)a ;WUI)elll Moja MWza MajKa,

KaKO 'Iofiall. iiAaxoRumo ./by6u

eRe fiu mheplt 3U 'W{jlllta oaJla

J1 mu fill ce ciliapa i'ipeyoll/la

J1 CYJllUUHa fiafia OCmURUJla

Y lleCMH 0 XajKH ATJlarnha, Koja ce,

Me~YTHM; )l,ora~a y YCKOqKOM enCKOM

aM6HjeHTY, 6HTHO je y jeAHaKoj epoT

cKOj nOXBaJIH jynaKY, lbeHO onpe,qeJbe
lbe 3a Ihera, ynpKoc lberOBOM HaUHo
HaJIHOM 1I0peKJly:
He fiY()UJlil Moja cltiupu MajICo!

JJ.a ltill 3Hl/I)elU, MHja iiliapa MajKa,

KuICo BJlillUe UJlux()(liliu() ./by611;

Til fill Moia fiafia ()ClUmIUJla,

nu fi' Ol7iIllIlJIU cltiapa 3U Kaypa.

B. AJlfl, 3J}f.Q.j.
H. M.-1>.

A!KA (AJKYHA, XAJKA). 'lJeCTo

)KeHCKO HMe y HapoAHHM ueCMaMa 3a
. JIeny, 3aBO,qJbHsY MYCJIMMaHCKY AeBOj~
Ky: AjKa IDapeHraha, XajKa ATJIarn
ha, Koja ce.y neCMH XajKa.ATJIarnha
H JOBaH oehap. (ByKlIU , 19) se3yje 3a
PaBBe K01'ape, M M~QPHjCKH. aYTeH
TM'IaH JIOKaJIHTeT, ATnar.Hha i<yiIy. -'.
IIoceA'qyBeHe 6eroBcKe'MYCJIMMaHCKe
nopo,qHD;e; M3ryOJbeH3a BpeMe Mopej
CKor paTa. I1ecMa je 3aHHMJbHBa He
caMO Kao BeOMa ycneJla YMeTH.H'IKa
06pa,qa TeMe 0 OnKJIa,qH KpUIHor MOM
Ka .H BparOJlaCTe AeBojKe, Aa cmmajy

OJlH)l,OJIHKa ~jKa, no TpaAHqlljH,

n03HaBanau MYCJIHMaHCKHX enCKHX ne
caMa:
. H.M.-1\.

AJiA (TYp.). AeMOHCKQ,:KPHllaTo OM

"he, llC!HeKa;It aHTPOnOMOPIPJiO. Mo~e
IIOCTaTH IIpeo6pahaibeM o~ 3MHje CTa
. pHje OA CTO roAHHa, HJIH o,q' MpTBaua.
I1Ma cnoco6HoCT MeTaMoplP03e. I1~
jaBJbyje ce C TPecKoM, ceBalbeM; BOAH
06JIaKe H rpaA Ha JleTHHy. I1PO)K
ApJbHBa je. HeHaCHTa H JbYAo)KAep.

Uiiiio je t7iefie. ()(}fipll iocuo()apy,

ilie 17iu P(}HIllU LYJe ()() oopa3a?

All' Z(}f10PII MPJb(lH<leHllh rojKO:

)Kelj Hajpanl:lje YTOlbaBa lbynCKOM

KPBlbY. MeII1a ce Y cyn6l:1HY JbynH H
KOHTaKTlipa C lhHMa, BO):lH nOpO):lH'laH

:lKHBOT. Haj'leII1fie ce yrpatlyje y cpa6y

JlY npenaJ1:>a. KpII1TaBa neTe CHpO
MaIllHOM 'IOBeKY, anH npY:JKajylul ro
CTOnpHMCTBO nojene H KYM'Ie H K)'MY
Koja npeKpII1H HMnJlHn;HTHH 3aKOH
TajHe H hYTaIba, yBpenHBII1l:1 je pe'lHMa:
KaKO hy na pY'IaM KYMO, Kan Te B~ex
KaKO CH CKHHYJla CBojy rJIaBY na je
6HIllTeII1, a Ha ce6e TYPHJIa KOFbCKY?
(lJ:ajKaHoBHh, 6p. 115). Y 6ajIJ;H je
n06poHaMepHHja H cnana Y-CBeT 'lyne
CHHX nOMara'la, KOjH Harpaljyjy 3a
n06po neJlo a Ka:JKFbaBajy 3a 3J10 (BYK,
IIpM. 6p. 36, KaKo cy panHJle OHaKO
cy H npOII1JIe).

,,3J10 je, M()ja HujepfltIlje .lby6o!

I1Mll() CUM (}{) <Jlluilia ja6y"y,

iiu MU ()UflUC tuu)e y DOjcllty,

ilie je :JKaIlIlM, upeiopeili Ne MOl'y.

He ,jehu ce maNaNa Nefljecilia,

N() fiecjel)/I CfI()Me i(}Cllm)apy:

M()1I1l Doza mil .1U 17ifloje 30paBJbe,
a L'Ulluhelllll (Jo,n,y ja(jy"y.

H.M.-n.

K1lKlIfI jYHlIK ZOPOM jeJI)u:

N(JL'll wfi.t/,Y y JyuuMa.
floell "tliIlY Y ()'UlMlI,

AJIEfOPIIJA (rp'l.). BpCTa npony

)KeHe, pa3BHjeHe MeTacpope Koja ce no
ce6Ho KOPHCTH y HaII10j YCMeHoj noe
3HjH. Kao ~eja H3pa)KeHa neCHH'IKHM
CJlHKaMa, '1Hje npeHeceHo 3Ha'ieFbe
CJIY)KH Kao 3aMeHa OCHOBHOM 3Ha'leFbY
onpeljeHHX nojMoBa, MO)l{e 6HTH npo-'
II1HpeHa Ha n;eJlo YMeTHH'IKO OCTBa
'pellie (y 6acHH, Hnp.). Y enHn;H je
'1eCTO TajHo cpenCTBo Cnopa3YMeBaFba,
na 6H nyTeM MHcaOHor npon;eca JIeno
TOM CJIHKe CKpHJla ocehaFbe: Hnp. y
n~CMH PonCTBO JaHKOBHh CTojaHa
(BYK, III). 3aTH'IyhH )KeHY npell. Yll.a
JOM, BpaTHBII1H ce H3 neBeToroll.mnFber
3ap06-!beHHII1TBa, CTojaH joj ~ 06p!'lh~
pe'lHMa:

HJlH Y Bep'cKHM nec~aMa 0 Mecen;y, r,ne

je MeCel\ npenCTaBJbeH Kao H3jeneH
oB'lap:
Oey ce He(J() 3f1eal)lIMo.
U paflN() l/o,n,e oHllaMl;... ,

H CJlH'IHO.
H.M.":};.

AJIII SAS'A II qETP,llECET PA3

SOJHIIKA. HapOnHa npHnOBeTKa,
nOpeKJIOM H3 apancKe 36HpKe 1001

;BWla ZH>U3oo'iliul{a'lIaCUlaBUI{a,
. BWla za je 3a oeBeili ZOOUfla,
a jyilipoc iii uo't.e Go pa3Buja;

Y neCMH 3Hna~e' CKanpa (OjKC) y

aJlerojmjH caOUII1TaBa CBOjOj BOJbeHoj
'" lIe:seCTH' Aa fie pm.1I Y3imliHa' Y
lhes9 6YKBMHO cXBaT.aFbe MY:JKeBJbe"
BHX.pe'lH:naje jo~ Behy JIenory cnOH-.
TaHOj HeBHHOCTH FbeHor 'JlHKa; a ane
ropHjy CTaBlba y tPYHKn;Hjy oll.JIaraFba
CTpaII1HOr ca3HaFba:

r.

lIpH TOM ce nOCTH.>Ke TaHaH YMeTHH'I

KH etPeK'r napaJleJlHHX TOKOBa MHCJIH
Ha npeHeceHoM H OCHOBHOM HHBOy.
MHTCKH HCKa3H KOjH ce BpeMeHoM no
'IHFbY nepUHnHpaTH Kao noeTCKe CJIH
Ke 'IHHe noceGHo 60raTCTBo aJleropH
jCKe rpalje, Hnp. y 06penHoj ll.OnOJlcKoj
neCMH:

B. 3Muj

rPan..

OTyna cc H KaTaJl03H 3a,nY:JK6HHa H

MaHaCTHpa, nOJ.\H3uHlfi Y pa3Ha BpeMe
Ha, Ha pa3HHM 1I0JlPY'ljHMa H on pa3J1H
'lJilTHX cpnCKHX BJIa,napa, npHnHcyjy
caMO no jenHoj, 06H'IHO Haj3Ha'lajHHjoj
JIH'IHOCTH jeZlHe ZlHHacTHje, 'IHMe ce
oCTBapY.ie HeKa BpCTa npOCTopHor H
BpeMeHCKor KOHTHHYHTeTa H jenHH
CTBa, HCTopHjcKo-reorpatPCKe, aJIH H
eTH'IKo-peJlHrH03He I.\eJlHHe.
AHaxpOHH3MH ce jaBJbajy Kao nOCJIe
nHI.\a YCMeHor npeHOIIIeFba TBopeBHHe,
CjenHor TepeHa Ha npym, C reHepaIJ;H
je Ha rCHepal\Hjy, npOMeHOM noje
nHHHX J.\CJlOBa Canp)l{HHe, a HCTOBpe
MeHHM 'lysaFbeM ,neJIOBa })H3BopHe
aapHjaHTc HJlH nojell.HHHX tPopMYJla
(TaKO ce lIojaBJbyjy TonOBH H nyIIIKe y
apeMe' M1"tpKa KpaJbeBHha, a 'H:TBplf
YCKOKa cy HCTOBpeMeHO HaOpY:JKaHa
CTpeJlaM(l, IIITHTOBHMa H nYIIIKaMa,
'oypalj BpaHKoBHh nHje KatPY, HT,n.).

JlacynpoT BehHHH eBpOnCKHX BapH

jaHaTa Koje ce oCJlaFbajy Ha npeBOn
36oPHHK8 1001 Hon, <ppaHI~cKor OPH
jeHTaJlHCTe A. raJlaHa (Antoine Gal
land) H3 1709, Te cy y YCMeHY 6aII1THHY
nOIllJle nocpenCTBOM mlcaHe KlbH)KeB
HOCTH, jY:JKHOCJIOBeHCKe BapHjaHTe cy
pe3YJlTaT YCMeHor npeHOII1eFba, KaKO
nOKa3yje
IIoJIHBKa (3f[)KO, 1907,
XII, 1-48), yrJlaBHoM MHrpan;HOHHM
MeTOnOM, H caMHM THM BHIIIe onCTyna
jy on nHcaHe Bep3Hje (yn. BaplijaHTe
KOll. M. BaJbaBen;a, JI. To'p)l.HHn;a, MH
jan CTojaHoBHfia).

Hoh. PacnpoCTpalbeHa y EBPOnH, AtP

pHn;H H KOn CBHX CJIOBeHCKHX, Hapo
'lJilTO jY)KHOCJIOBeliCKHx Hapo,na: OJ.\
Hai'leIIIhe nBojHn;e Gpahe, cHpoMaIllaH
H llJIeMeHHT (y apanCKoj Bep3HjH AJIH
Ba6a), cKpHBeH, cJlY'lajHo oTKpHje'
TajHY rerPlle.ceT pa360jHHKa.(Jl..HBoBa).
KOjH oToupajy tlynecHY nehHHY '1ap06
. HHM. pe'lJilMa H .H3HOCe H3 !be 6J1ar.0.
060raTH. ce, cpehHo 3aMeTHYBmH CBe
TParOBe, 3axBaJby.jY.hH MYnpOCTH cao
jHX nOMoi'iHHKa (CJly'II1KHlhe, ceCTpe),
n06Hje cse pa360jHHKe. BoraT 6paT
cBoje Jby60nHTcTBo ILllaTH rJIaBOM.

H.M.-b.

AHAXPOHII3AM (rp'l.). lIocTaB

JbaFbe JbynH, noraljaja, 6Hha. npen
MeTa, 06H'laja, Ha'Cfmta Mmll'JbeFba,
norJlena Ha CBeT y paHHje HJlH KacHHje
nepHOne on H3BopHor; CBeCHa HJIH
CJIY'lajHa rpelllKa y XpOHOJlOmjH, y
B. 3aoY:1lI:6!lHe.
H3JlaraFbY ll.oraljaja.
H.M.-n.
JlaMepHe rpeIIIKe panH KOMH'IHor
etPeKTa, 'IeCTe y nHCaHoj KFbH)KeBHOC
AH,nPE.J (CBCTH). BeJlHKH tpeIIIHHK
TH, y YCMeHoj KFbH)KeBHOCTH HHCY
(y6Hn;a Ol~a H MajKe, HeKan 6HpTaII1
y06H'JajeHe. Y encKoj noe3HjH, aHa
KOjH CHna BO,ny y BHHO), KacHHje CBe
XpOHH3:MH nOTH'IY li3 enCKe' CJIo60ne
Tan; 3a Kora je se3ima JlereHnapHa
BJIanaFba BpeMeHOM Ii npOCTopOM, H3
ilPH'Ja 0 nOHosHOM poljeFby H3 neneJla;
nepcneKTHBe CBe3Hajyher neBaqa,
H3 TeIIIFbe nOTpe6e 3a 06YXBaTaFbeM
npH'la je je]\HHO KOn CnoBeH~I.\a pa3-'
'IHTaBor HCTopHjcKor nepHOna Kao
ImieH<l H y CTHXOB8HOM 06J1HKY. lIpeT
jenHHCTBeHor CJIaBHOr enCKor .BpeMe
nOCTaBJb3 ce ,na je HaCTana nOCJIe VI B.
Ha H rpaljeFba enCKe aTMoctPepe. OTY
. H nn ce naraHCKO npenaFbe OKO XII B.
na 3npY:JKHBaFbe jYHaKa no Ba:JKHOCTH,
npeTBOI>HJIO y Ka3HBalbe C ](pmnhaH
He npeMa JlOmn;H BpeMeHCKO-HCTOPH
CKHM. TeHj\CHuMJffM3. Y Hli3Y KOHTaMH
jCKe T~'IHOCTH, HerO no JIOrHIJ;H enCKe
HosaHHX 06J1HK<l 3a,np:lKaBa ce OCHOBHH
Ta"lHOCTIi !bHXOBOr noeTCKor 3Ha'laja:
MOTH~ b KU3HH II nOHOBHOM poljeFby,
nOIIITO MJlana )KeHa JlH3He neneo HJlH
KpaJbeBHfia MapKa, 6paHHOI.\a npaB)~e
H JlerHTHMHTeTa HeMalbHhKe nHHaCTH
noje,ne HCIUTO lllTO je 6H~0 y FbeMY.1
H.M:'P.
je (H3 XIV B.), ca 'BypljeMBpiiHKOBH
he, nOCJIe,nFbHM J:\ecnOToM cpncKe
I YR. 11113 lIapl1jaua'l:a Knjc Jlajc M. MaTll'le-rOB Y
cpenFboBeKoBHe np)KaBe (li3 XV B.) H

C1'YJlHjH ),Sezgani in prerojeni clovek. CA

ca CTapHHO~ JloBaKoM, CeJbaKOM II

.
xaj,nyi<oM, 60p&eM 3a cJlo60ny '(H3
. 3Y. Jbyr1.lI,alla 1961.
XVI B.). Oryll.a ~ojaB~ TonorpatPCfC:

AIJJiPIIJAm (KpaJb'eBBIi AH)l.pBja),

-6H6tp~tPCKHX . KOHTaMHHan;Hja, .Kao

. illTO je MemaH:.e 'l\!IHJIOllla 06wmha,.

MJlaljH . 6pa~ KpalbeB-Hha MapKa.. Y"
HcttpaBH1 H3 r~70. I1C;>MHlhe ce Kao
xepoja Ha KOCOl}y H3ry6JbeHOr n;apCT-

npyrH CHH KpaJba BYKaIllHHa. PaHO

Ba, ca MHJlOII1eM on lIon;epja YCTaHH

3a6eJle)l{eHa enCKa HapOnHa neCMa,

KOM HjYHaKoMHa MHIllapy nOBpaheHe

6yrapII1TH~a (XeKTopoBHh, 1556), neCJI060ne (y pacnoHY on 'IeTHpHBeKa).

11

10

--_................_._-

'1i1

Ba 0 cYK06y 6pahe MapKa H AH)J;pHja

rna. llpaCTapH, HHTepHalJ,HOHamm MO
THB 0 6paToy6HCTBY y OBOj neCMH
06paI:;eH je BHCOKHM yMeTHH"IKHM
Ha'IHHOM. ,lJ,eceTepaqKe encKe sapo
;/lHe neCMe Haj'leillhe neBajy 0 nornOH
jH AH)J;pHjama y cYK06y C TYPlJ,HMa H

MapKoBoj OCBeTH. lfiITepHalJ,HOHaJIHH

MOTHB 0 TpruKeH:.Y H Henpen03HaBaH:.Y

6pahe Be3yje ce, TaKoI:;e, 3a MapKa H
AH)J;pHjama.

Kpulb ()orlu()e IIU IlpK6eHa epailia,

iio ()upeKY y()upu XUHIll/POM,

U3 r)upeKu KPfIIlU lloKuiia.l!a.

A.I!' U3 lIPK8e HellltTio upoioeapa:

A '1yjew.l!u, BYKUluulle ICpatbe,

iliu IIlljeclI l/ocelCao MapKa,

(len iloc'je'te O():JI(jeiu uHfjeJla!

CBeTal.\ HJllf aHI:;eo, 3aMeHHK 3a npeTKa

3alllTHTHHKa KOjH npaTH 'IOBeKa OA
pol:;eH:.a AO CMpTH (no B. QajK8HoBH
hy), CTOjH CBetIapy l.\apy ,lJ,ymaHY, Ha
B MaplCo Kpa./beauh u 6paiil My AIl
AeCHOM paMeHY H MKlJyje ra KPKlJOM
opujaw.
no 06p83y, npeACTaBJba BH3yeJIHY
P.ll.
HJIyCTpalJ,Hjy KpcHor HMeHa. MOTHB je
HHatle n03HaT H3 cpncKor cpellH:.OBe
1 Miklosic, Mon. serb. 179.
KOBHor OTatlHHKa H q:.YHKQHoHanHo
ynOTpe6JbeH y OBOj encKoj necMH.1
AH,lJ,PIfIi, HuKOJIa (1867-1942),cna
Mel:;y OOpall8M8 TeMa 0 MOHOTeHCTUq
BHCT H pOMaHHCT, IlpaMaTYPr, KH:.H
KOM CTB<lp8H:.y CBeT8, neCMe 0 nOllenH
)KeBHHK H npeBOIlKlJal.\, HaytlHH paj:\HHK
MohH aHI:;enHMa - CBelJ,HMa (yn. TIm
y 06J1aCTH YCMeHe KH:.U)I{eBHOCTH.
necaMa CBelJ,H 6JIaro IlHjene, BYK
llpHpeAHO H 6HO ype~HHK 36HpKH Ha
III1, 2, H U8p He6ecHH )KeHH cYHl.\e,
POilHHX necaMa MaTHl.\e XpBaTcKe,
BYK Vn17), HaCTaJIe cy npeBacxollHo
KH:.Hre V-X, 1909-1942.
nOll YTHl.\HjeM peJIHrn03He KH:.H)KeBHO
P.ll.
CTH, OUiICpoaeH:>a JoaalloBo'i, llaAeje H
anoKpHtj:lHlIX Ka3HBHH:.a 0 aHI:;eJIHMa
AH'BEJIH (rp'l.). llojaBJbyjy ce Y
CTHxHje. KOMIT03Hl.\HOHO yjellHa'ieHe,
CBHM KaTeropnjaMa ~ame YCMeHe
OHe ce cHOlle Ha n8)KlliHBO, HaMeijCKO
KH:.IDKeBHOCTH. Mory ce npen03HaTH
(0)Kje JlHpHB<lH:.e Bn8CTH csaKOM aHI:;eny - CBel.\y nO.ieIlHHatIHO, KOjy' .he OH
Kao HaCJleAlmlJ,H jOlll HeH31lHq:.epeHlJ,HpaHlIX aHHMHCTU'lK.tp{ ilYXOBa , 3aMeHH0ilMax 3HTHM ynOTPe6HTH 3a Ka::>KH:.a
lJ,H Ayma npeA8Ka 3amTHTHHKa, cynBaH:.e JbYACKlIX 6e3aKOH:.a. (B. llo/UJbeCTHTYTH 6mKaHCTaBa')KHBe H Hejj{HBe
oibe aplljeMe.) TaKo ce CTBapa HH3
npHpOlle, MHcaOHor H ocehajHor CBeTa.
KpaTKHX, q:.OJIKJIOpH0-XpHmhaHCKHX
r\>YHKl.\H{)HaJIHHX 6Horpaq:.Hja cBeTaqa,

,lJ,06Hjajy H BeOMa pa3BHjeHY q:.YHKl.\Hjy

Koje ce ca BHme HnH MaH:.e npOMeHa

H3acnaHHKa 60jj{jllX Ha 3eMJbH,.TYMa<Ia

60jj{jllX nocTynaKa, HMajy Ollpel:;eHY
nojaBJbyjy y OKBHpy l.\ene YCMeHe KH:.H
HHj:\HBHilYlJ.!lH0CT H nOJIO)Kaj y He6ejj{eimOCTH, a MOTHBCKH ce npolllHpyjy

CKOj XHjepapXHjH. Y Haj60JbHM YMeTYBeK y CKJ!ailY C npB06HTHO YTBPl:;eHHM

HH'IKHM UHTepnpeTalJ,HjaMa 'rpaHcnoa'rpH6YTHMa.

CBeTH' ApaHl:;co npe6Hpa Ilyme Koje

, HYjy ce Y noeTCKe CHM60ne. 113 CHMBOIlH y CMpT, KaKO y n~CMaMa TaKe) H y

6H03e MOHOTeHCTH'lKOr H nOJIHTeH,npHnOBeTKaMa H npellaH:.HMa; CBeTH

CTHqKOr, xpUlllhaHCKor H aHHMHCTH.'IKOr, He6eCKQr H 3eMaJbCKOr, 06JIUKylORaH, lloOHja 'KYMCTBO, 6paTHMCTBO,

je'ce Imp. aH1)eo npaBlle, y enc~oj ne-'

KpmTeH:.e, H y HeKHM necMaMa JIell H

CMH "Ypow H .MpH:.aB~eBHhH, na-. ... c~er (npeM8. Me.CTy 'y, W Ulllh8HC:KOM

" ceqeli A9 KpBH Y CBOM CTaHHmTY;'Ap_'

~aneHAapy - jOBaH:.CKH Mpa.3); CBeTH. "
. lleTap A06Hja oj:\ He6eca KJi"j'le;,aJIH .
. BeHOM' CTy6y tq}KBem BpaTa; mT~hH MapKa Kp8JbeBHha Oil pa3rneBJbeif JIeTO, apyl'iHHY H 'nllleHnqy (lIlTO ce
Hor ol.\a, H Haj 3all y enCKoj KOHl.\eDll,HjH
oneT MOjj{e TyM8tlHTH KaneH)J;apCKnM
CBeTa - 6paHehH JIernTHMHTeT HeMaaCOl.\HjalJ,HjaM8); aTpH6YT CBeTor 'Bop
H:.HhKOr l.\apCTBa:
'I:;a je I\Behe H npoJIehe; CBeTOM
12

HHKOJIH Ilapyje cc Moh Hall BOj:\aMa H

nyTeBHMa. 4>YHKl.\l:Ija o6jalllH:.8BaH:.a,
jellHa Oil OCHOBHHX oc06eHOCTH npej:\a
H:.a Kao YCMeH0-KH:.Hjj{eBHe KaTero
plije, 'UlHH na y H:.liMa TYMaqeH:.e aTpli
6yTa aHl:;eJIa CBeTal.\a nocTaje H
OCHOBHH nOj:\CTHl.\aj nplmOBej:\aH:.a (a.
iiJluja, cBeiilu). Y npHnOBeTKaMa H
JIereH~apHHM OaJIaj:\aM8 aHI:;eJIH, Ma
XOM 6e3HMeHH, l1yTHHlJ,H no 3eMJbl:l,
Hcnpo6aB8jy JbYj:\CKO rOCTonpHMCTBO H
IIOlllTeH:.e ( 'BaKoH CTeq:.aH H j:\Ba
aHI:;eJIa); HnH cy H3aCJIaHHlJ,H 60jj{jH H
TyMa'iH H:.erOBe BOJbe (aHI:;eo ce Ca::>Ka
JIH Haj:\ YIlOBl:Il.\OM KOjOj Tpe6a Ila OJ:\y
3Me ~YlllY); KlJH cy TyMa'IH IIpHBHj:\He
60)Kje Hl?,npaBlle 3alIaH:.eHHM npaTH
Ol.\l:IMa (TeMa 0 aHI:;eJIY H nYCTHH:.aKY),

JCj:\Hl oJ{ Hajl3M'I'aJIHHjux BpCTa YCMeHe

npHnOBCllHe npme. Pa3HOBpCHe je ca
IlPjj{l:IHC, OJlp~l3l CTBapHOCT C Hajpa
. 3JIH'II1TJ.ljJ.lX CTlHOBHlIlTa, q:.YHKlJ,Hja joj
je on 3u6aBHe no rIoytlHe. H)eaa nopy
K<l - arrcTpaKTHH nJIaH - Kpehe ce o~
HajHHjj{cr. aMOpaJIHOr (npojeKl.\Hja
cnJIeTKC HJlH JIH'lHe aq:.epe). j:\o
HajBHmcr, e'rH'IKOr (TpaHcn03Hl.\l:Ija
).loral:;ajCl y paTHM t lK0-naTpl:ljapXaJIHoj
tlHer).lOl'H).
AHer~OTa je 36MjcHa rrpojeKl.\Hja Koja
3aXBaTa MaJIO, a OCBeTnl:l OlllTPO,
cajj{CTa OIllTpoyMHa npHlJHl.\a C noeH
'I'OM. lICMXOJlOlIlKH nOKYMeHT cyre
pHcaH YMCTHHtlKOM CJIHKOM. OHa MO
jj{e 6H1'H COllCTflCHO cehaH:.e, CKpHBeHa
MCl'OpHja H3 IlpHBaTHor jj{l:IBOTa HeKe
H. M.-'/i.
3Ha'IajHc l:ICTopMjcKe JIH'IHOeTH, Koja
CC Ha TUj Ha'lI1H npH6JIH)KaBa cny
1 KaKo ce KpcHO liMe CJJYlKH, BYK 11/19.
UIaOllJ.lMa, AHCri\OTa ce llpH TOM HnaK
IIpHMeH,yjc Ha YO'IeHe l:InH 3aMl:I
AHBEJIHJA. lIeCTo jj{eHCKO HMe Y
IIIJbeHe OC06HHC Te JIH'IHOCTH (HI1P,
HapollHoj rroe3HjH: y enCKHM nCCMaMa
npH'la 0 JlYKaBOCTH KHe3a MKlJollla
3a nneMeHHTY cynpyry. (Jby6a ,[{MHTpa
KOjH j:\apyje l.\apcKoj KaCH IlYKaT.
JaKlIlHha), HJIH 3a ceCTPY jYHaKa (Hnp,
YMeCTO )\<1 nOHyI:;eHH Y3Me, jep, j:\a cy
,CTojaHa JaHKOBHha); y' nl:lpCKl:IM IIe
CBH Y3MMaJIH, 60raTCTBa He QH' 6KlJO;
CMaMa l:IMe nene, MJIaj:\e ileBojKe.
l:I<lKO je MHTepHallHOHaJIHa, oAroBapa
P,ll.
H:.eroBoM KapaKTcpy), AHemOTa MO)Ke
OHTH lIpHKa3HBHH:.e HeKe enl:l30lle,
AH'BEJIHJA. AnljCJIHHa (y. OKO
cnytJaja H3 Ojil6rpar\>Hje, HJIyCTpal.\H'ja
1516), jj{eHa cnenor CTeq:.aHa EpaHKo
HCKor oOH'Jaja (rocTOnpl:lMCTBa, 60
jj{HhHe cUCtIaHOC"I'H), 'l\pTe KapaKTepa.
BHha, MaTH llecnOTa JOBaHa H BJIalll:lKe
'tlecTo jc CJIHKOBHTa KapaKTepHcTHKa
MaKCHMa, KhH ap6aHaCKor BeJIl:IKallla
'Bypl:;a ApHjaHHTa. llpornallleHa Oil
BpeMeHa. eTHH'IKe. j:\pYlllTBeHe, Ha
npaBocnaBHe l.\pKBe 3a CBeTHTeJbKY;
I~HOHaJIHC rpync MJIH cpellHH~ (Hnp. C
nonYJIapHa Y Hapoj:\Hoj TpaIlHl.\HjH.
.icllHor np030pH orpoMHor conHTepa y
EncKe Hapoj:\He necMe'je nOMHH:.Y Kao
Yjj{MllY KYKYPHKHC neTao, C Ilpyror ce
MajKY llecrrOTOBHha JOBaHa, a 'IeCTO H
ona30BC Koiwill. a Epa KOjl:l ce ynpaBo
3Maja OrH:.eHOr BYKa, lIlTO npell
).lHBHO . JlCII<?TH rpal:;eBHHe, ,n:l:IBJbeH:.e.
CTaBJba IIocnellnqy ClIcKe nonyJIapHOCIlpe06paha y nOXHaJIY BeJIl:I'IHHe KQ-.
TH.
KOlllap.HMKa), 06yxBaTajyhl:l TpaH3H
P.ll.
1.\HjC 'KYJIType, y pecKoj CJIHl.\l:I aHemO
,
1'~1 catJlCW:iBa HenpHJIar-ol:;eHoCT ceo...,
AHEf,lJ,OTA "(rp'I.). KpaTKa, llyXOBH-.
CKHX CTClHOBHHKa rp8ilY, aJIH. H j:\exy
.ni nJ5H~IHl.\~ 0 HeKOM 3aHHMJbHBOM HJIH
. MaHH3,aI~MJy TaKflor )KHBJbClba
MaJIO n03HaTOM .qoral:;ajy; jej:\HOenH30
AHerj:\o'J:(l MM" ABa. brpaHKa: jej:\aH
. ilHlJHa py~HMeHTapHa tPopMa, Ca31laHa

~06Hja tj:lYHKl.\Hjy OpaJIHe npHlJe,.

.nOHeKaA Ha npece:r<y CaMO '~Ba MoTHBa.

HCTH'le HOpMy. caMO H3BpllleH:.e j:\ena,

HeKaj:\ yrpal:;eHa y j:\~y npl:lqy. ,[{o

KOPHCTH' ce y 6ecej:\aMa, Kao er3eM

j:\Hpyje ce C HH30M q:.OJIKJIOPHlIX BpCTa,

IIJIyM, npHMjep. H BpeMeHOM IloCTaje'

Hap0j:\HOM II l1l1CaHOM KH:.U)I{eBHolllhy.

neo nHcaHe TpailHl\lije; npyrn Teqe y

)

13

He, aJIH He 11 yneK HajnpHCTYIIa'IH1Ije.

nOHCKC Oil aHToJlorMja MMahe BMlIle
nOK!lnHO 06enc:lK,ic H 6Hhe 060raheHe
H HOBHM 3anMCHMH ca OnpeljeHHX IIOn
H.M.-b.
pY'lja, HIl KojHMa he H IIO BHlIle H3naIha
AO:lKHBeTH, K!lO OMHJbeHe IIeCMapHl(e.
AHTOJIOrHJE HAPOJJ:HE KIbH
Ih60pe HaponHHX IIecaMa MaIher 06H
JKEBHOCTH. OBaj Ha3HB je Y
Ma, ca YJlorOM HapoAHor lIlTMBa, H3na
YIlOTpe6H on IlO'leTKa OBora BeKa, 3a
jy nO'len on 70-MX rOAHHa npOlIlJIOra
lIlTaMIIaHe KIhH:re H360pa HapOnHMX
BCK<l, yrnilnHoM nBe KIhH:lKape: Bpahe
IIecaMa (eIICKMX, JIHPCKMX), HapOnHHX
fiolloBHn" y HOllOM Cany, H Bpahe
IIpHIIOBenaKa H T3B. Kpa}mx BpCTa
JOB<lHOlmna Y fiaH'leBY To cy Haj
(nOCJIOBHI.\a, nHTaJIHn;a, 3arOHeTKH H
'Ieillhe 30Hp'lIofI\e enCKMX IIecaMa,
AP.). Kao 3aMHcao, OCTBapeHa y pyKO
cpeljeHe IIpeMa onCBaHHM jYHan;HMa H
IIMCHHM H360pHMa, Il03HaTa je jOlli y
AoraljujMM<l (Uap ,flaaap, HOBH Can
Ay6oKoj IIPOlIlJIOCTH; BeiHfHa 3anHca,
1883; UlIpcali II KpalbeBu, HOBll Can
HJIH nojeAHHa'lHe lIlTaMIIaHe neCMe
1883; UPHojc(whll. HOBH Can 1883;
JIpe B)'KOBe nojaBe, "lIme HeKY BPCTY
Kpalbeol/h MapKo, HOBM Can 1884;
OA6Hpa (Hnp. 3anHCH no npHMopjy C
1904; JbytTtlll!{/ 5020aH, HOBH CaA
Kpaja XVII H IIO'1. XVIII
BeKa,
1883; MIlIIOW Ofiulluh. HOBH Can
EpJIaHreHCKH PYKOIIHC, PYKonHcHe
1883; HlIjo()a6pllHllje napooHe fieCMe
IIecMapHIle rpaljaHcKe, MeJIH'IKe noeYCKo'IICe 1/ ,rajf)Y'lli:e. HOBH Ca~ 1887;
3Hje). Y HajlIlHpeM CMltCJIY, H BYKoBe
CpiiCKC lIapooHc t1ecMe 0 CBelluMa,
KIhHre HapoAHHx necaMa H HapOnHMX
HosH Ca}t 1883; npoiiaciil IlapciilBa
IIpHnoBeAaKa aHTOJIOrHjcKor cy Ka-.
CpilCK02. HOBH Can 1883; OCllo6o~e1be
paKTepa, CaCTaBJbeHe on H3a6paHHx
Cp6/lje oc) TypaKa, HOB!,! Can .1883;
,ocTBapeIha. 'ycMeHe KIhH:lKeBHOCTH,
UPf/.OiOPCIClI jynat(Ll. Ooa6pa1le Ha
rrpeMa BHCOKHM YMeTHH'lKHM KpHTep
poone iieCMe C(laffiOBcKe'; HOBH Can,.
ltjYMHMa 3anHCMBa'1a. BYKoBe 36MpKe
1883'; CpiicKc Hapoofle 6o:NCuh1le U
cy KacHHje IIOCJIy:lKMJIe Kao rnaBHH
upyie iio60,7ICne i{CCMe, HOBH Can 1883;
H3BOP 3a MHOlliTBo pa3JIH'1HTMX aHTO
5Y1beB[1'1 Ko-cpiicKa ujecMapwla, HOBH
JIOrMja, pa3HoBpcHHX KBaJIHTeTa M
Can, 1888; BlICOKLl CffieBoH, fiaH'leBO
HaMeHa.
1881; CpiiCKLl xajoYljU 'Y napOO1lUM
Meljy HajpaHHjHM TaKBMM KIhHraMa
iiecMa,lw, tIaWlcoo 1882; KpalP eBUh
HaJIa3M ce M360p JIeCaMa 0 KpaJbeBHhy
MapKo, .llaR'leno '1'882; 1883; 1885;
MapKY, Y,H3naIhY KOHCTaHTHHa Kay"
'5ypalj CMeOepCGllI! Il iipoKlleiila Jepu
JIHUKja, HOB'OcaAc~or KIhH:lKapa (By
Ha, TIaH'1900 1882; l1p1lojeBllhu, fiaH
nHM, 1836). fiecMe cy yrnaBHoM npe
'leBO 1882; U[1H020PljU y napooHUM
lIlTaMIIaHe M3 BYKOBMX KIhHra, lIlTO je
fieCI.faMlI. fiaH'leBo 1882; Haj1l0Buja
H3a3BaJIO 11 BYKOBO He3aAOBo.q,CTBO.H
.alla ilec.l-Iapill(a ... , TIaH'1eBO 1881. 3a
_. ;3aMepKe. KIhHra. Je MOpaJIa ~MaTH
IlIKOJICKY yuoTpc6yjaBJbajy ce yIIope
ycnexa' KOn '1MTaJIan;a, jep ce jaBJba y
~o
!IHTOJIorHjc (36l/pKa i1ecaMa 3a
neceTaK lt3naIha no 1857, y3 HeKa Ka
LlIKOIICKV Mllac)e:NC. TIaH''leBO 1878
CHHjll npolIlHpeIhil JIHpCKHM HapOllHHM.
1885, nc:!' M3nal:b<l; Ooa6paHe'HapOO1le
neCMaMa, ,orreT H3 BYKqSHX 3!inHca.
KacHHje llHT.Onomj~ HapOnH.e ~IhH-'
iiccMe, H~lBH Ca]{ 1878, TaKolje y BHlIle
M31\aiba): OKO Kpilj,j ~K&':iI.!'ra~najyce.

~eBHoCTH, 'OCO~HT6 TOKoM,XIX BeK(i;'

. H360PJI 'uapoJtHHx : necaNia. if .npHfio- .

3anp:lKaBajy yrJIaBHOM' ynory KIh1lra 3a

nClIaK<l H, 110 J~pyrHM rpaAoBHMa: Y 3a

HaPOA, HorryJIapHel'leKTHpeH n06pHM

rpcoy. OCHjeKY. MOCTapy, CapajeBY,

AeJIOM ce lIlTaMnajy' on npyre nono

EcorpallY. BYJlHMnelliTH Y H3~aIhY

BHHe XIX B. Kan cy KapaJ"lHheBe 36HP

CPllCKI1X HOIIOCTH, M ~p., Kao H Y

Ke 6HJIe Beh ODlIITen03HaTe H OMH1be-

H3naIhHMa MaTHI.\e cpnCKe y HOBOM

Y OKI3HPY fiCT CToJbeha xpBaTcKe
KH:.JoI:lKenHOCTM 06jnBJbeHe cy aHTOJlO
Cany.
fioene npBor CBeTCKor paTa, CBe ce
rHje Hupol{He KH>H:lKeBHOCTli M. Eoru
"leruhe jaBJbajy aHTOJlOmje, npeTe:lKHO
KOBHti-CrYJlH. T. tIy6enHtia, OJl.lfHKa
Kao cpenIhOlliKOJICKO ruTHBO, ca on
)J.eJlopKa; 'S. DYTYPoBHh, Jb. 3YKOBHh
lIlHpHHM )'BOnHMa 0 Hapo~Hoj KIhH
H X. KpIheBHft, y OKBHpy 60caH
;.KeBHOCTH, on HajCTapHjHX nOMeHa no
cKo-xepncroBa'IKe KIhH:lKeBHe xpeCTo
nojaBe BYKOBMX KH:.Hra, 0 IheHHM CBoj
MtlTMje, Ha'IHHHJIH cy aHTOJlOrHjy
CTBHMa H HapO'IHTO 0 nOnenH. TIpHpe
YCMCHC KIhH:lKCBHOCTH. TIpHcYTHe cy H
ljHBa'1H aHTOJIOrHja Haj"leruhe open
<lHTOJlOrJolje lIojC}{HHHX BpCTa Hapon
JIa:lKY HeKY on IIo~ena JIHpMKe. enHKe H
HMX JlMPCKMX I1ccaMa (Ty:lK6aJIHn;e y
npHnoBenaKa. npeMa KOjOj H npHpe
M360py B. UaKoBMha, M. MaTHn;KOr;
ljyjy aHTOJIOmjy. Pelje ce IIojaBJbyjy
6yrapllI'I'Mue y M360py B. HenHna H H.
aHTOJIOmje 3a lIlHpOKH Kpyr 'IHTaJla
KMJI116aplle. Kao H rOBopHHX TBO
ua, HIIp. Jb. CTOjaHoBHtia, BHHKa BM
pCIlHHa, '1'313. CHTHHjl1X BpCTa, M. KHe
:lKcnHha, A. IlIaYJIMn).
TC3HI.\e H np.
AHTOJIOmja BojMCJIaBa M. JOBa
}:b YCMCIiC KH:.M:lKCBHOCTH noje}:IMHMX
HOBHha, Cpi1cKe HapOO1le i1ecMe (Beo
nOAPY'ljn Ca'lHIhCHe cy aHTOJIOmje,
rpan 1922). nO:lKHBeJIa je BHlIle M3;QaIba;
Hnp. JIMpfiKe fl3 UpHe fope, J. may
M3Meljy ~Ba paTa 6HJIa je Hajpacnpo
JIMh; enMKC M3 ll,pHe rope B. JIaTKo
cTpaIheHHja JIeKTHpa y lIlKOJICKOj
nHhu H J. qaljcH<))mha, Kao H neceT
ynOTPe6H; 06yxBaTa JIHpCKe H errCKe
KH:.Mra li!lpOJlHC KIhM:lKeBHOCTH KOCOBa
Hapo~He IIeCMe, ca YBOnHOM CTY~HjOM
H MCTOXMjc B. bonaHa H B, UBeT
H AOKYMeHTOBaHHM KOMeHTapHMa;
KonMna. C nocc6HoM TeMaTHKOM cy
H360pM HUP0)lHMX necaMa MHpoCJIaBa
H360p je yrJIaBHOM npeMa BYKY. O~
HCTor aYTopa IIOTH'le H aHTOJIOrHja
fiaHTMna (Hapoo1le fiecMe y aailucUMa
Cpi1cICe 1lapoone i1pui1oBeiilKe (Beo
00 XV ()o XV/Il aeKa. 1964) H XaTH
rpan 1925).. Koja 06yxBaTa npeKo 250
I.Ie KpIhclmh (AHffiolloiuja. HapooHux
036HJbHMX H illaJbHBHX npHnoBenaKa,
fiaJIQoa, 197~). AHTOJIOmje MaKe~OH
ca5paHMX OCMM H3 BYKoBe 36HpKe, H
CKe YCMCIIC KH:.M;.KCBHOCTH. IIpHpenHJIH
'H3 BeJIHKOr 6poja ~pyrMX H3Bopa H
cy: K. fiCHYllInMCKH. B. KOHeCKH, T.
caKynJba'Ia. IlIKOJlH cy HaMeIheHe H
C<l3nOn H itp. AHTOJIOmje CJIOBeHa'IKe
'HapOAHC KIhH:lKCllHOCTH IIPHpeAHJIH cy:
aHTOJIOrHje HapoAHHx rrecaMa H IIpH
M. KYllmp. fi. (I>JIcpe. J. KeJI~MHHa, J.
IIOBeAaKa: J. TIponaHoBHtia, CB. MaT
Hha, B. BO~HMKa, ,U. Bor~aHpBHha, ,U.
rJIaCep, <!>p. EpjaBeI(, M. MaTH'leToB,
'BypoBHna, B. '1ajKaHoBMha. M. JIec
3. KYMCP M np.
p.n,
KOBn;a, M. fiaHHha CYpeIIa H np.
fioce6He cy ainoJIorHje JIHPCKMX Ha
ponHHX necaMa: ,UYlIlaHa BOrOCaBJbe
AHTOHHJEBHTa .n;p~I'OCJlaB (po
BHha (1911), Jallie TIpo~aHoBHha
ljCH 1930), eTHOJIOr, cpOJIKnOpHCT H
(1,925), BJIa~aHa HenHha (1962, 1969.
6aJIKaHOJIOr. 06J.1aCTH CPOJIKJIOpa
1977). Y H3naIhHMa nojeJ(HHHX H3na
npOY'Ia/3H H KJIaCM'lHo'H caBpeMeHo
Bal.JKHX Kyha, nojaBJbyjy ce aHTOJIOmje
,HapOnHO C"I:Bap<lIhC. 'leCTO Ha KoMila
. pa3JIH'1HTMX pOnOBa HapOnHe KIhH:lKeB
paTHBHo,i OCHOI3M. Y MOHorpacpHjH
HOCTH; TaKBe cy noee6He, aHTOJlOrnje
A'lIeKCllH(llIKO, nO.uopaBlbt; (CAHY,
JIHpHKe, enHKe Ii npHnoBenaKa BojH
1971),. nocBehyjc ueJI.Q nornan;n;e Ha-'
cmma 'Byp.J1ha: I<;oje cy nO"leB on.194J. ' ..pO}:lHOM ,CT~apaJI<llllTBy lBora .Kpaja.:
;r{O;.KHBeJIie B'HlIle H3)(aIha Kao 3aceoHe . BaBH ce ci:mpcMe:H'm.f enC:iH~ m~Ba- ,
KIhHre~' y Beorpany H CapajeBY; Meljy
"IMMa:' MlI4ena rycllapKa (1960), Mu
IhHMa HCTWJe ce aHTOJIomja jYHa'1KMX
II/lja 1JJYHopuh (1962); rYCllapCKU iloo
necaMa, KaO H KIhHre y OKBHPY H3naIha
MllaoaK y YJlCll'IKOM' Kpajy (Pan VII
CpncKa KIhH:lKeBHOCT y CTO KIhHra.
K4>J, 1964). 0 06iltlijUMa u iilpa1lc

14

15

MCTOPHjCKOM IIpaBI.\Y: H3nBaja JIH'I

HOCT, KaO HOCMOua 3ryCHYTHX Aoraba
ja, on IIoce6He enr'lKe Bpe;QHOCTH
(paiUHU'lKa aHeiooiUa).

,..

OPMal!ujaMa eiiCK02 Ue6afba u Ka3u

eafba (Pa~ XV Ko1>J, 1971), Hapo;wIoM
neCMOM Kao H3BOPOM HCTOPHjCKHx
3Halba (VolksUed als queUe zur Kennt

ilOHI10H

19110 ml1CJlmnop).

APAH'BEO, Cne'fH, ApX3HreJI MR

XaH1Jet. HajCTHpMjH nBaHaeCTOKpHJIHH
Balkan Studies, 1977). HH3 paj:\oBa
;lH~eo, 1106ej:{HHK ~aBona. CMaTPa ce
nOCBehyje H3BOPHHM BpCTaMa Hap0j:\
6mKjHM KyMOM H 3aTO'IHHKOM 6paTHM
HHX IIecaMa iii IIecaMa IIojej:\HHHx rpyna
CTBa (B . .IoBaH). 'IyBapoM BYKOBa (B.
(E6poiicKU ciiiO'lapCKU OIlKIIOP,
CaBa). H3 lberOBe OCHOBHe <PYHKIlHje
'Bypfje6om-ICKu OIlK/lOP, )/(eiiiella'lKe
)}j:\a npH6Hpa j:{ymc 1 H j:\a HX BOj:\H Ha
HapooHe iiecMe, H j:\p.). BaBH ce Be
oHaj CBe'l' HH'IC HM3 npej:\alba H JIereH
pOBalbHMa, 06H'IajHMa, rnYMoBalbeM
napHHX llpHtIa; OJ:\ HJIYCTPaI\Hje aHH
6aJIKaHCKHX Hap0j:\a.
MHCTH'IKHX KOHll,eIIll,Hja j:\0 xpHllIhaH
H.M.-'S.
CKHX npCI\CT8B8. ca CMelbHBalbeM ene
MCHaTa C'rpaBC H XyMOpa, anH ca YBeK
AHTPOnOJIOmKA mKOJIA. llpo
npHCYTHOM Hj:{cjOM 0 O/.\BajalbY j:{Yllle
HCTeKna je H3 pa3BHTKa aHTpono
OJ:\ Tena. l.IoBCKYKojH 6e:JKH OJ:{ 60
nOIIIKHX HaYKa H HH3a CTY/:Ililja 0 npH
JIeCTH, aHljeo canYTHHK 0j:{Y3Me j:\YlllY,
MIiITIiIBHHM Hapoj:{IiIMa AYCTpamlje,
a j:\a OH TO H HC npHMeTH. Yrnej:\aBlIlH
UeHTpaJIHe A<ppHKe H AMepHKe; cy
cBoje MPTBO 'reno, yll,pBJbano oj:{
IIpOTcTaBlilna ce MIiITonoIIIKoj iii j:{enlil
Myxa, 1I0MHcnH ~a je lberOBe OIIaHKe
MH'lHO MHrpaI\HOHoj TeopHjH. 3a'leT
o6yo HeKH j:\pyrH 'IOBeK ("tlajKaHoBHh,
HIiIK. aHTPoIIonoIIIKe IIIKOJIe je eHrJIec
CE3, XLI, 178). CDOM KYMY CHpOMaxy,
KH Hay'lHHK TejJIop (E. B. Tylor).
CBeTH Apanljeo oMoryhH j:\a ce 060
j:\enOM The Primitive Culture (JIoHj:\OH
raTH Kao BHl\ap, caBeTyjyhH ra j:{a
1871). H3 npeTflOCTaBKe j:\a cy CBH Hap
JIe'lH Jhyne. KOn KOjHX ra yrJICna Kpaj
OJ:{1iI y Henocpej:{Hoj pa3BOjHoj mnmjlil
6onecHHKoBnx Hory. Kaj:\ ra caM KyM
IIPOIllJIH Kp03 HeTe crynlbeBe KYJITYpe
yrnej:\a. H3Han cBoje rnaBe, nOKywaBa
iii y jej:{HaKHM OKOnHOCTHMa HMaJIIiI jej:{
.n:a IIpeMCC'fH Hore Ha Y3rnaBJbC, IDIH j:\a
HaKe eMOI\HOHanHe H HHTeneKTYanHe
. 6e:JKlif, aJIH Y3aJIYj:{.2 1(ao 3amTHTHHK
peaKIlHje, Koje cy yMeTHH'lKH jej:{HaKO
HeMalbHHa H lbHXOBO KPCHO HMe,
06nHKOBaJIH - HHKJIa je TeopHja 0
CTOjlif l.\<lpy CTjellaHY Ha j:{ecHoM pa
j:{HpeKTHoj ruIH napaneJIHoj eBOJIYlUljH
~eHy, MIDIyje ra KpHnoM IIO 06pa3y
KyJIType, Hnlil Te0pHja 0 nOnHreHe3H.
(BYK, 1II19). llOMa:JKe y HeBOJbH (Bpa
H3 npeTflOCTaBKe j:{a c"y BHIlIH CTeneHH
THO Blifj:{ KpaJby CTe<paH)' Ae'laHCKOM).
Kymype 'lYBaJIH OCTaTKe (survivals)
npaTlifJIHll, jc Boropo.n;H'IHH Kp03
1i13 HIDKHX CT)'IIlbeBa pa3BHTKa (PHT
IIaKao H TyMa'1 rpeXOBa (BYK, 1114).
yane, BepoBalba, 06H'Iaje) - 'HHKna je
H. M.-n.
TeopHja 0 OCTan;HMa KYnTYPHor Hacne
~a. OTYj:{a.cy ~o E. JIaHry H npHcYTHe
1 Yn" nC'I'plIJltlllllh: JKeUt"Ke HupaoHe UeCMe. 1 Ii
cnH'IHOCTIiI MOTHBa y IIpHnOBeTKaMa
2: MX VI:'.
BpeMeHCKH H npocTopHO HajYj:{aJbeHH:'
2
Yn. CE3 1925. XXII :'&1; fo)lllw}j,ill\a HIlJ(o:

jlilx Hapoj:{a.1 llopej:{ E. JIaHra, rJIaBHH

ilC lfymlna. 1938.. XLVII 159, II lip..

. npej:\CTaBHHI\H cy;. Mac CUlloch, Go~

mmt'l, Van der Leyen . (y <ponKJIOPHC

APAnH". CJIO:JKCH' nHK KOjH liMa lif
. "T~); Tylor 11 .Frazer. (y. aHTPono-.
MlifTCK~X H .IiICTOPHjCKHX eJIeMeHaTa..
JIOrnjHj:. Cria60cT OBe IlIKOJIe je y 3aH~

.UajtlemHe u"PHlif, Tpornaim j:{CMOH.

MapHBalby cne~IiI<pHqHOCTIiI pa3Boja

AOlbe"r c,?eTa (Bana'l~o, TpojaH, .o:a

CBaI<or HapOj:\a noce6Ho, Kao if y IIO-
60r). Y Hapoj:\HHM necMaMa H IIpHnO
CTYJIaTY 0 MOryhOj, IIOTnyHOj H30JIO

BeTKaMa 'leCTO 3ilMelbyje a:JKj:\ujy,

BaHOCTH Hapoj:{a.
3Maja H1IH TYP'IHHa. AOCTojaH je npo
H. M.-n.
TlifBHHK Ha MCrl\aHY H HajBefiHM j:iHa

nis der Haiduken und Uskoken tracht,

I tip. Marian Roalf ('ox, Cinderella.

16

I\HMa KojH 6paHc npaBj:\y: MH1I0lilY Bo

jHHOBlIfiy, MapKY KpaJbeBHhy, JIa3apy
MYTany. Y encKoj noe3HjFI nocTaje
HeKa BpCTa <PopMYJIHOr nlifKa, H yna3H

j:{lifBJballlTBa. Ca nCMxoaHTpOnOJIOIll
Kor CTaHOBHlIlTa, apxcTlifnoBH cy jc.n:
HOCTaBHH 06nHl\H '10SeKOBor IICKa3H
Balba, OHTOJIOIllKH npa06JIHl\H :JKaHpO
na. Ca CTaHOBHIlITa KOMIIapaTHBHe
MeToj:\c, apxcTHn je oCHoBHa, Haj
upxaHtlHHja neCMa HnH npHnOBCTKa,
HJEOpHH THn 1'13 Kora cy IIOTeKJIe cse
OCTane Bcp3Hje - HCKa BpCTa npaBapH
jaHTe OK. Ee.n;Hje. npej:{CTaSHHI\H <pHH
CKe MCTOne, IlIKOJle KOMnapaTHSHe
MHTonomje). Y jyrOCJlOSeHcKoj HaYll,lif,
3aBHCHO OJ:{ nepHOj:\a, npHcyTHa jc
BchHHa OBHX CTUHOBHlIlTa.

y OKBHpe enCKe CTWlH3anuje, Kao CHa

:JKaH, CKOPO Hen06ej:{HB jYHaK, Hanaj:\a'l
CBaToBa, OTHMaq j:{apOBa H j:\eBojKe,
nOp06JbHBa'l, HaCHJIHHK H xapa'!JIHja
KOjH ynapa HaMeT Y BlifHY, MCCY, j:\eBo
jKaMa. Kao pea1laH HCTOpHjCKH JIHK
Morao je nOTehH H3 BpeMeHa SH3aHTlif
jCKHX cYK06a ca ApanHMa.
H. M.-n.
APKMB 3A nOBJECTIlHUY JY
fOCJlABEHCKY (3arpc6, 1851/1
18751X1I). qacoIIHc ApYllITBa 3a jyro
cnaBeHCKY nOBjecTHHU)' H cTapHHY.
nOKpeH)'O ra H ype~HBao HBaH KYKy
JbeBHh-CaKll,HHcKH. Meljy OHHMa KOjH
cy MaTcpHjanHo nOMormf lbCroBO oc
HHBalbe, 6IDIH cy 6aH JOCHII Jena'IHh H
KHe3 MHxaIDIo 06PCHOBlIh. Y lbCMY
capa~yjy 'IJIaHOBlif ApYIIITBa, Kao
BjeKOCJIaB Ba6YKHh, Jhyj:\~BHT raj,
o1>paHo JYKHh, lleTap llpepaj:\oBHh H
j:\pyrFI, a KacHHje <l>palbo PaqKH,
cTjenaH BepKOBlifft, BaTPocnaB JarHh,
MHjaT CTojaHoBHh. HCTH'Ie ce yKyn
HO jyrocnaBcHcTBO Kao KOHl\eIIl\Hj a
qaCOnHca.
qaconHc j:\OHOCH 60raTY <pOJIKJIOPH)'
rpa~y a IIoce6HO HaponHa npej:\alba H
npHnoBeTKe, ca 03HaKaMa MeCTa rne cy
caKynJbeHe, HMeHHMa Ka3HBa'la H
caKynJbaqa.
. H. M.-n.

I
1
I
l

H. M.-D.

APXHU 3A CJlOBEHCKY 4>HJlO

JIOfHJY (Archiv fUr Siavische Philo
logie, Bep1lHH, 18761I-1929/XLII). Haj
3Ha'lajHH.iH cnaBHCTH'IKlif qaCOnHC KOjH
YBOj:\H C1IUSHCTHKY Y ll,eHTap aayqHHx
H3Y'laBalba. OCHMsa'! lif ype;wIlifK B.
JarHH, j:\0 1923; OJ:{ Taj:\a E. BcpHeKep.
OKO ApxuBa ce oKYIIJbajy CSH 3Ha
'lajHHjH cnaBHCTH l\eJIe EBpone.
np06ncMaTHKa je MCTopHjcKa; <PHnD
JIOlllKa, KOMnap8THBHa, <ponKJIOpHa.
BenHKH 6poj 'mimaKa nocBeHeH je
Haliloj H npYB-IM cnoBeHcKHM YCMeHHM
KlbHJKeBHOCTHMa. APXUB 06jaBJbyje y
HaCTaBll,HMa cTYj:\Hje, Kao IlITO je
Soerensenova, 0 pa3BHTKy cpncKlifx
Hap0;wIHx jYHa~IKHx necaMa (Beitrag

zur Gescllichre del' Entwickelung der

serbisclien. Hedeldichtung, 1892
1898); 6lif6nHorpa<pHje 36HpKH Hapoj:{
Hl{X YMOTBopHHa H KOMnapaTHBHe 6e
JlelllK~ y3 06jaSJbeHY rpa~y; nperJIej:\
jY:lKHOCnOBeHcKe enHKe 3a IIocnenH,HX
CTO rOj:{HHa (Jamh, .1880); pacIIpaBe 0
nbjej:{HHHM nojMoBHMa H JIH'IHOCTHMa
Hap0j:\He enHKe (0 AYHaBY, 0 rpa6aH
ll,HjalllY AHjaKY, 0 nojej:{HHHM BpCTaMa,
o npeBOnHMa. 36HpKH). lloce6HD cy
3Ha'lajim .KPHTHtIKH"" npHKa3H rOTQBO
" CBlifX CTy.Al:lja H3 Q:l<?JlKnopa

APXEmn (rpq.). 3aBHCHO on MeTO

j:\a, OJ:\ npHCTyna yCMt<HOj KlbH:JKeBHOC
TH, MO:JK~' ce OJ:\HOCHT~ Ha npCj:{CTasy
MOTHBa, Ha f!3BOPHH 06m-lK YCMeHe
TBOpeBHHe, Ha THII, Ha :JKaHp
npeMa nC~OaHanHTH'I~OM IIOJIa3HIII
TY, apxenm je HciwHCKH 06nHK npeJi.
.. .crane MOTHBa, nCHXO.1):OlIlKH imj:\CTHll.aj
KOjH ce oriJej:\a y MaWTH,:Ko.[!eKTHBHOj'
nonCBe"CTH, .aCBojy npHC)'THOCT OTKPH
Ba y CHM60JIH'lKHM cnHKaMa (JYHr). Ca
CTaHOBHIIITa aHTPonOJIOlilKe illKone,
TO je H3BopHa npH'la Koja ce caCTojH H3
HCKomiKO MOTHBa, HaCTana y IIepHOj:{Y

A, TH, AEBOJKO

".'

H. M.-'ll<

WEfJbUBA. IIp-'
BH CTHX Jby6aBHeJIHpCKe Hap0j:\He nec
Me KOjH je 1536. HaBeo 3a.n;apcKlif nHCall,
neTap 30paHHh, y apKaj:\cKoM pOMaH)'

17

IIJlaHuHe. fIOTnyH TeKCT neCMe n03HaT

je 113 3anl1Ca C Kpaja XVI B. Cna:qa Me
DY HajcTaplIje 3aHHcaHe TeKCTOBe Ha
IllHX Hapo:qHHX necaMa. J-bpa311TO ceH-

3yaJIHa neCMa 0 ,QeBojUH Koja, Kao

IllaJIelm ce, I13U3HBa )KYJllbY MOMKa

paCKOIllHOM JIeHOTOM CBora TeJIa.

P.fi.

BAJAJIHUA. )KeHa Koja 6aje, BpIllH

6ajalbe, )KeHCKH Bpa'I. CBaKa 6ajaJIHU8
je CTpy'II:haK 3a o:qpe~eHy BPery 60
JIeCTH KOjy JIe'IH noce6HHM TajHHM
JIeKOBHTHM TpaaaMa, TepalbeM 'lHHH
- Y3pO'IHHKa 60JIeCTH ca 60JIeCHHKa, H
Ka3HBalbeM 6acMe 3a TY 60JIeCT. Eaja
JIHu:a je rpeIllHa, npornaHa OJJ; upKBe
3a KyJITH'IKe pa,Qlbe Hecnoc06Ha. Pe
~e npeJJ;cTaBJba Ha3HB 3a 6acMY

CTSHMa (BocaK, BaTPa, 'IeIllaJb, TPH,

MeTJIa...), 8 np8fieHa je pe'IHMa 6aCMe
H MOJIHTBOM, nOKpeTHMa neBe pyKe.
BpIllH ce y3 aCHcTeHUHjy XTOHH'IHHX
JJ;eMOHa. MeCT8 6aj8lba cy Haj'leIllne
orlbHlllTc, npar, peKa OHa Koja aco
UHp8jy HU Onna38K, npoJIa3HOCT; Bpe
Me 6aj8H>a je cMHpaj JJ;aHa, ona:qalbe
MeceU8 - yaeK 1I0CJIe,QlbH TpeHYUH Bpe
MeHCKHX pa3,Qo6Jb3.
H.M.-p.

H.M.-p.

BAJA I,IOPA. lllaJbHBau Hapo,QHHx

BAJAMOIITH, JyJIuje (1744-1800),

npHnOBeJ\aKa 1:13 I:ICTO'IHe Cp6Hje.

fIpeJJ;CTaUJba 6y:qaJI8CTOr CMeTelbaKa,
8JIli Ha CBOj Ha'II:IH H Y'IeHor lJOBjeKa.
EHO je J\B8 nyTa y BOJJ;eHHUH a je]:!aH
nyT y B3JbapllI\H, na 3Ha CBe. Y py
MyHCKH~ CeJIHMa Ha3HBajy ra fIaKaJIO.
3a lber8 ce Be3yjy n()3HaTH MOTHBH no
,Qpyra'IHI\8. fI03H8T Kao caBeTO,Qasau,
OH npenn8)Ke CeJbaUI:IMa JJ;a noje Bp6y,
]:!8 CYllle TpaBY, ami H caM ne)KH Ha ja
jHMa:qa 6H ce H3JIernH ryIll'IHnH. 1

JIeKap, KOMn03HTop, epYJJ;HTa, pOJJ;OM

H3 AaJIMaUHje. Y'IHO <pBJI030qmjy H

MeJJ;HU:HHy y fIaJJ;oBH, Kao JIeKap 60pa

. aHO Ha Xaapy H y CnJIHTY. fIHcao noe
3Hjy Ha HTaJIHjaHcKoM H npeBo,QHo Ha

cpncKoxpsaTcKH. fIHcau xpoHHKe rpa

,Qa CrrJIHTa H MeMoapa. CKyrrJbaO }e

.' rpa~y 3a eHUHKJIOne:ql1jCKH p~'IHHK.

KOMIlOHOBaO je upKBeHy My3HKY (rna
BHO JJ;eJIO opaTopHjYM La translatione
.
di san Doimo, 1770).
OCTasHo je 3anHce neT HapOJJ;HHX ne
caMa H MY3H'.fKe 3arrHce 3a TPH Kpane
HapOJJ;He neCMe. 06jasHo je HanHC 0
cpnCKoxpBaTcKHM HapO,QHHM neCMaMa
ll Morlachismo d 10mero (Giomale
enciclopedico d'Italia, 1797).EHO je y
npenHcUH ca D. <pepHfieM H An6epToM
. . <POpruCOM, .Kora je BepOl:'laTH~ ynynH
Bao Ha HaIlle HapoJJ;He necMe H MO)K:qa
'MY JJ;ao 3anHCaHY .qyBeHy ~aJIaJJ;y 0 Xa
caHarHH1fQH.

H. M.-P.

I Yn. M. Cl'aHojcllllh. 360PHUK iipWlo'ia 3a iio

3HaflalM 7i1.Mo'<h:lt Kl'ajllHe. Ill.

BAJHn. CBeTo3ap (1850-1919), YlJH

TeJb. Ypel)HBao l)atlKlI JIHCT BeHau.
fIpHKynHo BeJIHKH 6poj rrecaMa, npH
noae:t\aK8, noc;noaHua, H3peKa no .Ea- .
HaTy. 06jaBHo 1915. CpucK.e HapooHe

l1jJlll1oflei71Ke lt3 5a.HaUia.

H.M.-p.

p.n.

.
BAJAlbE. TajHa, BeOMa. cyreCTHBHa

:;..

BAJKA. fIPHtIa Y KQjOj ce lla M<;iIllTOBHT aa'IHH CH~QOJIwiHO H3HO.cH K~aB

MarnjcKa pa:qlba, YCMepeHa.3a rrp.HJJ;D ... YMeTaHtlKH. 2a]:!p)Kaj; HapoJJ;Hil npHnq

6Hjalbe JJ;06pHX, a 3a 0JJ;6paHy OJJ; 3JIHX .
BeTKa <p8HT8CTRtiHe ca:qp)KHHe, CJIY)KH
JJ;eMOHa, JJ;yxoBa H 60JIeCTH, fIpBO
3a6aBR. fIo BYKY, )KeHCKa npHnoBH
. jeTKa; H CJIYlllaJI3U H npFlnOBe:qalJ je
6HTHO ]:!eJIOTBOpHOCT BpaqeBa, KacHHje
)KeHa. CJlJ)KH ce H MarnjcKHM cpe]:!
cM8Tpajy HeHCTHHFlTOM FI HeCTBapHOM.

18
~

19

,I

!!

ill
1'II.1

.,"iJ

(I
rr i

~ i

,I

I,

I' ,

II:

('

TIpBa HaY'IHa npoyqaBalba 6ajKe no

TH'IY O~ 6pafie rpHM (MHTOJlOmKa
TeopHja); CJIe~H aHTponOJlOmKa TeO
pHja, TeopHja 0 MHrpalllljH MOTHBa,
tPHHCKH (HCTOPHjcKo-reorpatPCKH) Me
TOA, CTPYKTypanHH1, HTA. TIpeMa KlbH
)KeBHO-TeopHjcKHM npOY'IaBaIbHMa,
6ajKa Kao BpCTa Te)KH nOBpahalbY
YCTaJheHOr pe~a CTBapH KOjH je J;Ia
lbeHOM nO'IeTKY nopeMefieH. JynaK H
lberOBH nOMara'IH 'IHHe CBe Aa 6H ce
paBHOTe)Ka nOBpaTHJla, HenpaB~a no
npaBHJla H npH TOM cy HM AOCTyrrHa CBa
'ly~ecHa cpe~CTBa H CBe MOrynHOCTH.
O'leKHBaH cpehaH Kpaj OAJla)Ke ce I
HH30M HaneTHX H 3aHHMJhHBHX enH30
~a. rpaAfba jejacHa, TOK paAlbe CHMe- ,
TpH'laH, aJlH pa3rpaHaT.
MaKo <paHTaCTH'IHa, 6ajKa He npaBH
pa3JlHKY H3Meljy HaTIlpHpO~RHX H OBO
3eMaJhCKHX 6Hha, CBeT Y Iboj je je~Ho
~HMeH3HOHanaH a CTBapHO H HeCTBa
pHO HaJIa3e ce Y HCTOj paBHH. Y 6ajIUi
HeMa HH nCHXOJlOmKOr pa3BHTKa pa~
~lbe HH eMOTHBRHX AO)KHBJhaja JlH'lHO
CTH. TeopeTH'lapH 6ajKe HarnamaBajy
lbeH a,nCTpaKTaH CTHlI (M., Luthi),
<pHrYpaTHBHOCT JlHKOBa. Pa3BHjajyhH
Kao Bpera YMeTHH'IKo-<pHKTHBHO, 6aj
Ka ce He H30Jlyje H3 CBOj~ cpeAHHe, Te,
npoyqaBalbe lbeRHX nOABpCTa H BapH
jaHaTa np~a rpaljy HCTOpH'IapHMa,
eTHOJI03HMa, COquOJI03HMa, iICHXOJIO
3HMa H ~pyrHMa. '. '.,
,
Haj6JIH)Ke HP.;eaJlHOM THhy 6ajKe cy
'Bep3Hje H3 BYKoBe 36HpKe, Y KOjoj je
~o' caBpmeHcpia ~oBeAeHa YCMeHa
YMeTHH'IKa CTHJlH3allllja, Kao Y30P
Hapo~or je3HKa Y rrp03H, Kao !lPO
. TOTHll' Ha KOMe -rpe6a rpaAHTH HOBY
KlbH)KeBHOCT no BYKOB~ KOHr\en~
jaMa. Y 6ajllll cy 6PH)KJhHBO O'lYBaHH
CTapH MHTOJIOlliKH H xpHllihll;HCKH CJIo- .
jeBH, 06H'J:ajHH Ko~eKCH, cnellll<pH'lH<>
Cfll; ~pymTBel{O-HCTOpHjcKe CJ?eAIDie.
I1eneJhyra'cpehe KpaJbeBHha r.cepcK9j
~pKBH"3a BpeMe JIeTyplj~je, Me,ljeA0
8Hh xohe Ai ce )KeHH PY'II<;OHOmOM, jep
je KPYIlHa, 3APaBa H Jrnjena ljeMjKa,
ljaBo ce rrpeTBapa Y Typ'lJ?la - 3aImo
'IanMY OKO rJIaBe. CpehHH 6paT y

YCYAY je n03HTHBaH jynaK, jep je

opaHHJIaL\ naTpHjapXaJIHe 3aAPyre, a
HajBeha HeBQJha Koja 33AeCR Hecpe
fiHor opaTa je Ha3a~OBalbe CTOKe H
CUaJhHBau,e JIeTHHe. 3a cpnCKoxpBaT
CKY 6ajKY KapaKTepHCTH'IHa je H3BeCHa
TeHAeHquja Ka peaJIHCTH'IHOCTR, THllR
3aquja nojeAHHHX HCTOPHjcKHX nepHo
Aa KOjH ce HCKa3yjy <pOPMOM 5ajKe,
Kao H nojaBa CH)Kea 6ajKH Y BHAY en
CKe, jYH3'IKe noe3Hje. AOCTa BeJIHKe
pemOHaJIHe pa3JIHKe orJIeAajy ce BH
me Y CTHJlY Ka3HBalba Hero Y 06JlHKO
BalbY CH)Kea. TeHAeHL\Hja Ka ca)Ke
TOCTH H npO)KHMafhY C APyrHM np03H
HM BpCTaMa je OAJlHKa HOBHjHX 3allllca.
H.M.-'S,

1 B. Bn3111lMHP npon. M(}PPOJloluja 6ajKf?,

Scorpall. 1982 (npcllon).

6AJO nHBJbAHHH (HHKOJlIfll.).

HapO~HH JYHaK pO~OM H3 TIHBe, Y
XepL\erOBHHH. MCTaKao ce 6paHehH
OPKY KOTOPCKY O~ TypaKa, Y BpeMe
MJIeTa'lKO-TYpCKor paTOBalba (APyra
nOJl. XVII s.). oopaBHO je RY PaBHHM
KOTapHMa, 'Y OKOJlHHH 3aApa;H ~oJIa
3HO Y 6JIHCKe Be3e ca YCKoquMa, Hnp.
ca CTOjaHOM JaHKOBHheM. TIomayo je
1685, Y oojy CTYPL\HMa Ha BPTHjeJhqu,
6JIH3Y Il.eTHlba. Ao ~aHac je A06po
O'lYBaHa lberoBa KyJIa Y OOKJi KOTOP
CKOj. OMHJheH enCKH JYHaK' Y xepL\ero
Ba'IKHM H L\pHOrOpcKHM necMaMa,l
Koje ra HeCTO oneBajy Kat> xajAYKa Y
ropH. TIOMHlbY ra A. Ka'lHh-HomHh'
H Iberom. TIope):l oajOBa jYHaWTBa en
CKe neCMe HCTH'IY H lberOBO 'IOjCTBO;
oA6Hja na ca 'leTOM YAapH Ha TYpCKe
CBaTOBe, Ha He OH HeBeem' cpehy 3aKH
Hyo, a 1I00paTHMa KOjH ra npeBapH,
K~aBa:CMphy ..
.P.II.

1.BYK

.m. VI: Miimrl...u..t\u"

. 6AJOCJlOBJbE (6aj()~OBHJI). CJIO-.

BeHCKH TepMHH 3a MHTOnorHjy, MHTO
JlOllKH, KOjH cy YBeJIH cJleA6eHHqu
MHTOJIOWKe TeopHje' Y CJIOBeHa'lKY 1'1

Jleha. a caM TepMHH (o:maHH'lHO ra

TOMac TIepcH 1761. y EHrJleCKoj) Yllo
TpeOJhaBa ce OA Kpaja XIX B.
B. MuUlo.lWUlKa Uleopuja.
BYK Kapal.IHh 6aJIane Ha3HBa neCMaMa
H.M.-",
Ha MeI)H. CTaBJha me: Ha Kpaj npBe
KIbHre )KeHCKHX lleCaMa, YKOJlHKO HMa-
6AJPAKTAPEBIfIl., 4lleXHM (1889
jy BHwe JlHpcKor (TaAa ce neBajy), rutH
1970), CJIaBHCT, rrpo<t>ecop opHjeHTaJI
Ha nO'leTaK APyre KIbHre iyna'lKHX ne
He <pHJI<;morHje ~HJI030<pCKor <PaKYJl
caMa, YKOJlHKO noceAyjy BHlle eJleMe
TeTa y I>eorp~, 6e'lKH, JlOHAOHCKH H

HaTa enCKor (Ta):la ce Ka3yjy) - HMa

an)KHpCKH ljaK. TI03HaBanau. BHwe OA

jyhH y BHHY IbHXOBY ABojCTBeHOCT.

AeceT C'rpaHHX, opHjeHTaJlHHX H eBpon

Y Hayqu je yo6H lajeHo pa3BpCTaBalbe

CKHX je3HKa. CaK}'IlJhao HapoAHe yMO
'
6aJl<l):la IIpeMa CH)KejH0-TeMa'l'CKHM
TBopHHe y OOCHH. HallHcao HH3 CTYAH
KpyroBHMa: Hnp. Ha MHTOJIOWKe, Jle
ja H3 Hamer H HCTO'Ilba'lKOr <pOJlKJIopa
reH):lapHe, HCTOpHjcKe, coqujaJIHe, HO
(HacpaOWi Xo(Ul1tup06J/.eM., TIPRnO
BeJIHCTH'IKe, jYH<l'IKe 1'1 ):Ipyre. OBaKBY
3H 3a KIbH)KeBHOCT, je3HK, HCTGpHjy H
1I0~eJIy y Hawoj YCMeHoj KIbH)KeBHO
<pOJIKJIOp, 1934, XIV, 1-2, C'rp. 81
CTH OTe)KaBa He~OCTaTaK nojeAHHHX
152). TIpoY'lasao TYpcKe H3BOpe 0 KO
BpCTa (KO~ Cpoa Hllp. coqujaJIHHX 5a
COBCKOM 50jy.
JIa~a) HJlH, WTO je noceOHO KapaKTe
H. M.-'S,
PHCTH'IHO. 1I0CTojalbe pa3BHjeHe enCKe
noe3Hje. EnHKa, TaKO, nOKpHBa y nOT
6AKOTH'Ii, nnap (poljeH 1903),
nYHOCTH noje):lHHe KpyroBe TeMa, y
rrpo<pecop mMH33Hje y CHIbY, TIo~
npYrHM HapO):lHMa 06JlHKOBaHHM Kao
ropHL\H,IUH6eHHKY, rocnnhy, CnJIHTY
6aJla~e (HCTopHjcKe H jYHa'lKe), rutH
TIpoY'laBao MaKe~oHcKy H CJIOBeHa'lKY
npeY3HMU ~eJlHMH'lHa nOAPyqja (WTO
KIbH)KeBHOCT, noce5Ho y Hapo~Hoj
je CJIylIaj C HOBeJIHCTiRKHM TeMaMa
KIbH)KeBHOCTH, <paHTaCTHKY H peanH
'Koje ce KO~ Hac pa):lHje enCKH OOJIHKY
3aM: J!.ouYHa cl3eUla Y HaPoOHOj KH>U

jy HJIH ce Kpehy y qpaBL\Y pOMaHce).

;ll(eI3HocUlu, BeHaL\, 1930; lIojal3 'lyoa

BeOMa H~pa)KeH, cpncKoj TpaA!lqujH

u aaKOH peoa, 3lDKO, 1937, XXX. I,

CBojCTBeH, enCKH HMllyJIC yqHHHO je):l~
.C'rp. 1-66. TIoce6Ho npoyqaBao neBa'le
ce BeJIHKH opoj TeMa H <pa5yJIa TpaH
(CUlapal, MU.Iluja, IUKoncKH Bje
cnoHyje y enCKH 06JIHK H OHna KaA no
CHHK, 1962; AHU1(ll EeiuH .;. EaHo
3aXTeBHMa eOHKe Kao BpCTe, no a<pH
l3uh CUlpaxulbll oy6pOaa'lK02 upopy
HHTeTHM'a rpalje H BpCTe, Iboj HHje Tpe
'lja, MoryhHoem, 1966-1967; lIaoaJIO ):Ia IIpHna~He. TIPH TOM cy MHore
. l3ao MypaUi, Ibid. 1969; CUlojaH. Xaj
<paoyJle )lBOCTPYKO oOm!.KOBaHe - CBH
OYK, Ibic,l. 1975).
we eJleMeHaTa JIHpCK0-npHIIOBenHor,
H. M.-".
HJIH C npeOBJIaljHBalbeM enCK0-Hapa
6AJlA,nA (naT.). YCMeHa npHllOBenTHBHor, CTBapajyhH it JIHpCK0-6an H- .
'IHy.H encK0-6aJIaAH'IHY BapHjaiITY
Ha neCMa C. 60raTO H3pa)KeHHM eJIe3aTO BehHHa HaWRX. HC'l'pa)KHBa'la,
MeRTHMa JUfpCKOr H ~paMCKor KapaKYMeCTO TepMHHa OaJIa):Ia Y130AH Ha3HBe
Tepa. Y OKBHpy YCMeHe KIbH)KeBHOcTH
pa3HHX .HapOA8. HMa pa3JIH'lHTO 3.Ha'le: ,
JlHpCKo-enCK~l enCK(}-JlHpCK(;':, ~eCMe
H>e; lbeH 1I0jaM HHje' ~CTaJheH HH Ha
npH'laJlHu.e, npHnOBeAHe HJIH' HeHC
, '. nom;yqjy' je):\He flalUroH8JIHe YCMeHe'
TOpHj~Ke neCMe, lIPH TOM nOAajyhH, '13
,Klb~~imOCTH. 'HajCTap~jHM 3anHCOM
oBa. ABa 'llocJle~lba TepMtlHa, npeMa
CMaTpa ce oaJia):la' C qHOJIHjCKOM TeMOM
nOTpe5H UTPH6YT t;UCKe,):1a 6H ce Ha-'
rnacniIa IbHXOBa cneUH<pH'IHOCT Ii: rrpe
o JY):lH, Ha eHrJIeCKoMje3HKY, H3'):Ipyre
nOJl. XIII B. CneAehH 3aIIHCH AOJIa3e
Bacxo~Ha npHlla)lHOCT eIIHqu. CH)KejTeK' nOCJIe pa3MaKa o~ ~a BeKa. oeHo-TeMaTCKH KpyroBH, KOjH ce nOKJIa
JIe)Keu,a KOA Hac nOTH'lY 1'13 XVI ~iy c MeljyHapoAHHM 6anaAH'lHHM pe
cpnCKoxpBaTCKY <pOJIKJIOPHCTHKY, eT
HOJlOmjy H HCTOPHjy penHrHje.

an

~"r

20

--f~

nepToapOM, 'leCTO nOTM'IY 1f3 npHnO

Be):la'lKe, np03He YCMeHe Tpa):(l1Ul1je
6ajKe H npeAaH>a; l13 6lf6JIlfjcKe, ano
KpHq>He, HOBeJIlfCTH'lKe KH>IDKeBHO-.
CTH. BeoMa mHpOKH, OHH H KOA HaC
06YXB8Tajy MHTCKe H JIereHi.\apHe,
peaJIHe H nopO):lH'lHe cHTyaUHje. Y
H>HMa nOCTaje 6HTaH eMOTHBaH HHTeH
3HTeT JlHqHOr 'lOBeKOBor Oi.\HOCa IfJIH
cYK06a C ):laTHM cHTyaUHjaMa Koje cy
caMO n03a):lHHa npeBHpaH>y yHyTap
'lOBeK8, OKpHJhe H>eroBoj Y3HeMHpe
HOCTH.
MuiiloJlOUl.Ke 6aJlaoe 'leCTO TeMaTCKH
O):lrOBapajy CTapHM BepOBaH>lfMa If
):leMOHOJIOmKHM npeAaH>HMa, nO}.1pyqjy
. KYJITa H MarHje. I103HaTe cy 6aJIa}.1e 0
Y31HBaH>Y JhY}.1CKe J>KpTBe y TeMeJhe
rpa}.1H>e, 0 nOi.\H3aH>Y MpTBor H3 rpo6a,
o J>KeHH}.161f HaTnplfpOAHHM 6HfieM.
YKOJlHKO cy HaCTane Oi.\ CIDKea 6ajKM,
Haj'lemfie ce 06J1HKyjy Kao enCKe.
JIezeHoapHe 6aJlaoe, H3paCJIe Ha CY
npoTCTaBJhaH>Y MHTOJlOllIKOM nomeny
Ha CBeT, HHCl1CTHpajy Ha BaJ>KHOCTH
HCKpeHor Xpl1mfiaHCKor nOKajaH>a H
Jhy):(cKor aJlTpy"3Ma . I1pHnOBei.\ajy 0
BeJlHKOM rpellIHl1Ky H H>eroBoj cYA6H
HH Ha OBOM H OHOM CBeTY, 0 J>KpTBO
BalbY conCTBeHor neTeTa, 0 CBenl1Ma
KOjH cnacaBajy HeBHHe H rpellIue.
I1ciilopujcKe 6aJlaoe ce 6aBe }.1paMa
THqHOM HH}.1HBH}.1yanHoM H nOpOAHq
flOM Cy):!6IiHOM YCJIOBJheHOM }.1pyllI'~Be
HHM Ii. HCTOPHjcKHM OKOJIHOCTHMa,
Koje oCTajy y n03a):!HHH (HaCHJlHHM no
TypqHBaH>eM, cycpeToM Hen03HaTHX
poljaKa, cnpeqeHHM HHueCToM).

Y iloPOOU'tHUM U lby6a8HUM 6aJlaOaMa

nopO):luua H O):!HO,C JlH'lHOCTH Y H>oj
npe):!CTaBJhajy KOJlHKO npBH H HCKJhY
qRBH nnaH, TOJlHKO H n03a):!HHY JlHq
Hor 'lOBeKOBor cYK06a (y OBY rpyny.
cnaAajy H Hajn03HaTHje 6aJIa):!e 0 He
cpetmoj Jh):'6aBH - X8caH8~HHna,
CMpT OMepa H MepHMe).
.
, 3aBHCH9CT CIDKea 6ana;Qe O}.1 JlH'JHD
-nopO):!H'lHHX O):!HOca, IiITO HHje CJIY'Iaj
ca enCKHM CIDKeOM, ,HarJlallIaBa BefiHHa
HcrPaJ>KHBa'la. Kao Ii eBponCKa, HallIa
6ana}.1a je CHHTe3a enCKor, JlHpCKOr H
}.1paMCKor. HamacaK je Ha HapaTHBHD

-enCKOM, C THM InTO ce caMa q,YHKUHja

HapaTHBHo--enCKor MeH>a H ynpaBJha
Ka 06J1HKOBaH>Y eMOTHBHor 1'1 }.1paM
CKor. 36HBaH>e 110CTaje OCHOBHH Ha
'lHH HCnOJbaBaH>a MHCJIH H ocehalha y
6aJIai.\H. TeJ>Klha Ka encKoj CTpyKTypH
oCTaje 6HTHa H y 'IHCTO JIHPCKHM KOH
uenUHjaM8. CTeneH q,YHKUHje enCKor
y 06JIl1KOBaH>Y }.1paMCKOr H Jll1pCKOr
6HO 6l13a Hamy 6aJIa}.1y, KaKO nYTOKa3
H>eHOr pa3Boja. TaKO H CHCTeM 3a H>ellY
KJIaCHq,HKaUHjy,
Y Hajje):!HOCTaBHl1jeM BH}.1y Hallie 6a
Jla}.1e ce 1I0jauJI>yjy Kao OCTBapeH>a y
KojHMa panH>a. AeJIOBaH>e JIHqHOCTl1.
Kao H>eHHX HOCHJIaua, npe}.1CTaBJha
HCKJhY'IHUY OKOCHl1UY neCMe. OroJhe
H8 q,a6yJI<J Te'le XPOHOJIOllIKl1M penOM
H npenCT8BJhll H3BO):! H3 CanpJ>KHHe.
KOHUH3aH HH3 XpOHOJIOIDKH nopelja
HHX ):!oraljaja. 'IHje 6H l1 AeJlHMl1'lHO
H30CT8IlJl,aH>e npeKHHyJlo JIOrH'lKY
Hl1T I.:\eJlHHe (yn. JIereH}.1apHY 6ana}.1y
),CB. 'BopljHje H roeBojKa KpaJheBa,
BYK VI249). XpOHOJIOmKOM H3Home
H>y panH>C nO}.1peljeHa je H HapaUHja, H
OIlHC If J~HjaJIOr. KapaKTepH~ oc06HHe
Jll1KOBa caMO ce Ha3Hpy.
Y CJlOJ>KCHHjeM 13lf}.1y 6aJIane, CnOJhHH
}.10raljaj CJIYJ>K1f <popMlfpalhy nYllIeB
Hor CJIoja jYHaKa. Pa3BHjeHa P!lnlha
npJ>K1f }.10raljaje y 'IBPCTOM HIf3Y, a no
HaBJhaH>li He pa3Hpajy H>eHY KOHCTpYK
I.:\lfjy, HH'l'1f cy i13uaH OCHOBHe q,a6yJle
(6aJIa):!a >,BOjHH If ceCTpa MBaHOBa~(,
ByK IfnI).
HeroBaH>e If npolIlIfplfBaH>e q,a6yJIe,
HanpOT~B, y HajCJIOJ>KeHlfjHM 6ana}.1a
Ma, }.10I1pIfHOCe He caMO CTBapalhY
jei.\He opHHMeH'l'HJIHe CTpYKType, Hero

I1penCTaUJhajy If BeOMa BaJ>KHe q,YH

KUHOHaJIHe eJIeMeHTe y. nCHXOJIOmKOM

H eMOTIfBHOM nJIaHY 6aJIa}.1e. Onna

r~H>e KYJIMHHaI.:\Hje HJIH Kpaja, nYTeM

. Ha :H3rne}.1 CI10pe}.1HHX enH30}.1a. 1'Ia

OnmTeM nJIaHY i.\OnpHHOCH T1fI1H'lHOj

HaneTOCTIf. MOHOJI03H MH. }.1lfjano3H

Haj<lemlie opeTXOJ\C'/toraljajy, anH fa H.

OOHaBJhajy,. oTKRIfBajyfiH YHYTapH>}!

OO}.1CTIfI.:\aj 3a H>era IfJll1 H3HocefiH elvio

THBHH KOMeHTap 36IfBaH>a. fpa;Qa

UHOHa IfJIIf HCTOBeTHa nOHaBJhaH>a

22

1926, UIlKJlyc MapKa Kpalbe8uha u

MOHOJIOra If nHjaJIora nonplfHoce I1CIf
oojel{1I paHl~yC/CO-raa/lujaHc/Ce l3uiile
XOJIOmKOM ocehajy HeH36eJ>KHOCTH,
Utl<.e 1<.1bILJlCeI3HOciiiu, CKOnJbe, 1935).
HeMHHOBHe cy~6lfHe jYHaKa (6aJIana
l'hY<1aBa THI10JIOmKe O):.lHOCe H3Meby
I1pe}.1par If HeHa):.l).
cpe~lhOBeKOBHIfX KlhIDKeBHHX COHca H
y 6ana~aMa y KojHMa HCKJbytIHBO npe
YCMeHe JlwrepaType (JIeiUouuc uoiia
oBJI8byje oceliaH>.e, CB8KIf ):.leo je yn
J!YKlbGHlma U HapOOHG ilpeoa1ba,
paBJheH 06pa3JIaraH>Y Tor ocehaH>a,
Eeorpa}.1 1971). I1oce6Ho ce 6aBH }be
OCTBapelhy lheroBor KOHTHHYHTeTa. H
romeM H npOY'IaBa BYKoBe C'l'aBOBe
noraljajH If HapaTHBHH ~eJIOBH H
npeMa eI1CKoj noe3Hjlf (KoCOI3Ka oel3o
OnHCH, cnyxe HCnOJhaBalhyeMo:rHBHor
jKa... , I1KJH<I>. 1960; PaHuja U HOl3uja
CJIoja.
HaYKa Ll By/COI3Ll UOZJleou..., Ibid. 1964;
}beHa HapaTIfBHOCT, naJynlf JOJ MIfPHO
Oo6paHu BYKa CiUerjJ. Kapaf.luha...,
fiy, JIlfllIaBa je }.1paMaTH'lHor Y Haj
Ibid. 1965). neCMe cTapHjHX BpeMeHa
yxeM CMHCJly. MeIjYTHM, pe'IH H pa
(nOpeKJlO KOCOI3CKIlX ii.eCaMa Kpaiil/Coz
}.1H>a caMHX JIHKOBa, nIfHaMH'IKIf MO
ciliuxa, TIKJH<I>. 1954; Ciilapalf MUJlu
'l'HB KOjlf H3a3HBa 3aI1JIeT H KOjH HHje
. ja l/ KOCOl3c/Ce iiecMe, KOB'leJ>Klffi,
nOJIa3HH HHUIf}.1eHT Hero pe3YJITaT
1972). 360PHl1K, 0~a6paHHx pa}.10Ba
Beh nOCTojefie oc06HHe HJIIf oceliaH>a,
1f3allIao jc 1975 (Etudes d' His/oire lit
'll1He je 6J1lfCKOM }.1paMH.
tirature' et de Litteraire comparee).
JYHaUIf 6aJIa}.1e ce Kpefiy y CJI060}.1HOM
Aao je KpH'l'If<IKe KOMeHTape Ha . III
npoCTopy KOjH }.1eJlyje Kao peaJIIf
KH>Hry BYKOBHX CpfiCKUX HapooHux
C'l'H'lKa CBaKOAHeBHHI.:\a. CHTyal\Hje y
iijecaMa (Eeorpa}.1, 1954). EHo je ypc}.1
Koje cy CTaBJheHIf yonllITeHe cy If CYi.\
HIfK I1pHJlora 3a KH>HJ>KeBHOCT. Ca
6HHCKH 3ryCHYTe. ):.Ioraljaj ce H3HOCif y
paljlfBao y UeTIfH>CKHM 3anHCHMa,
HanpernYTIfM H HajJ>KHBJhIfM eTanaMa
CPOCKOM KH>HJ>KeBHOM rJIaCHHKy,
panH>e H Mopa nOCTaTH .u..OJ>KHBJhaj.
Jle'l'OnHcy MaTlfue qmcKe, KOB
jYHaKa. KOMn03HUlfja Tpe6a }.1a npe}.1
tleJ>KHfiy. Revue des Etudes Siaves,
CTaBJha nOTnyHo j~nHHC'l'BO Ca}.1pJ>KHHe
Revue de Littecature coinparee, 1fT):!.
H q,opMe.
..

R JlupCl<.a HapOOHG 'ileCMa; Heuciilo

H.M.-'S.

pujcKe ileCMe>' npUilOl3eOHa eil1:lKa.

BAH ,lJ,EPEHlIHH, O}.1H: EMepHK
,lJ,epellIJHII, .~pBaTCKQ-CJIaBOHCKD-l(an
MaTIfHCKH 6aH. I1orHHYo y 60jy C Typ
I\HMa Ha Kp6aBcKoM nOJhY 1493. fio
oyJIapHa JIH'IHOCT JIHpCKHX H enCKD
-Jl~pCKHX necaMa no XpBa'l'CKoj H.
AaJIMaUHjH. Y Hapo;QHHM neCMaMa
OMHJheHe cy TCMe Jhy6aBHe 3rOne OBo
ra jYHaKa, H OC06lfTO Y 6ana):!H'JHOM
TOHY OnCTlaHa TparH'IHa CMp'l'. Em) je
BeoMa nooymipaH y. Hapo}.1Hoj noe3HjH'
XVI B:, 0 'leMY CBe}.10qH xBapcKH ne
CHIlK Xaim6an JlYUlffi y CBOjOj }.1paMH
. P06HH>a. .

H.M.-h.

.-:

BAJIAlIKO BOJBO,lJ,A. HaCJIe}.1HHK

naraHCKor }.1eMOHa ):!OH>er CBeTa, enH
30BaHO :rPornaBO MHTOJIOllIKO 6lfhe H3
neCMe )KeHHi.\6a AYllIaHoBa (BYK,
lI/28), KOrl! n06eljyj", uapeB 3aTO'leHHK
n'ceCTpHh MHJIOllI BojHHOBHfi.
H. M.-h.

EAHAmEBHn,H.HK0Jl3 (1895~ 1992),

pOMaHHC'l', CJIaBHCT II KOMnapaTIfCT,
npoq,ecop CKoncKor If Eeorp8J;lcKor
YHIfBep3HTeTa; . nO'lacalf }.10KTOP YHH
B?p3HTe-r8 y Eopnoy If KJIepMoH-<I>e
pallY. Hlf3 CTY~lfja nOCBeTHO YJI03H
cpncKe . H.apOi.\~e . noe3Hje .
q,paH-.
nyCKQM pOMaHTH3~y. EaB.nee Be3aMa
Hame Hap0i.\He KH>IDKeBHOC'l'H H 3ana
}.1He CpeAH>OBeKOBHe enHKe (I.e cycle

B; BuiliKa Ha Kp6013CKOM iloi?Y

P.n.

i.

BAHOBHn, CeKyna (Szekely.janos):

Cp~eJhCKH PYMYH, yrapcKH BeJIHKallIH..
paTHHK Jl.3 npne nOJI. XV B., poljaKXy
H>a):!Hja J11HOllIa - CIf6HH>aHHHa JaHKa.

de Kosovo et les chansonsde Gestes,

23

TIo nCCMaMa CIDI I-bCrOBe cCCTpe, PyAC

y,n:OBH[(e, HJIH Jal-bc. 1l0CTao CJIaBOH
CKH 6aH 1446, norIDIYo 144F." Ha Koco
BY, y 60jy yrapcKe BOjCKC C TYPQHMa
(01\aKJIe Y3pe'lH[(a CTpa,n:ao K'O JaH
KO Ha Kocoay). JYHaK MHOrnX HallIHX
HapoAHHX neCaMa; oneBaH je Kao MJIa,n:,
xpa6ap ceCTpHh CH6H1-baHHHa JaRKa.
O):lHOC yjaK - cCCTpHh 'lHHH TeMaTCKY
OCHOBY BchIDIe necaMa. EnCKa Tpa,n:H
QHja H y ,n:eceTepa'lKHM H y 6yrapllITH
'lKHM nCCMaMa 'l)'Ba HCTOPHjCKO ceha
I-be Ha CeKymmy norn6Hjy. EJIeMeHTH
BeOMa CTapHX CJIojeBa enHKe 0 npeTBa
pal-by jYHaKa 3a BPCMC 60ja y H~TnpH
po,n:Hy lKHBOTHI-bY, y OBOM CJIY'lajy 3MH
jy - 3Maja, BC3yjy ce 3a CCKYJIY, llITO"
AeJIHMHqHO MOlKC 06jacHHTH noce6HO
npe3HMC Koje MY Aajy HeKe 6yrapllITH
[(e (J].paKYJIOBHh, J].paryJIOBHh).
p.n.

BAHOBlIll, CTnnau CTjenau (18841961), y<tHTeJb, POAOM ~3 3aocTpora.

IIpoyqaBao CTapHjy KI-bH:lKeBHOCT, oco6HTO fYHAYJIHheBO ):IeJIO; caKynJba'l
Hapo):1IDlX YMoTBopIDIa no J].aJIMaQHjH
H nHCal:( cry):lHja H3 o6JIaCTH HCTopHje
HapoAHe noe3Hje (o,n:Hoc' HCTopHjcKe
rpalje H enCKe noe3Hje).

O,lt CTapl\a MHJlHje 1822. M y CTapHjHM

H y HOBHjHM BapHjaHTaMa, nocTynaK
EaHOBHha CTpaXHl-be npeMa HeBepHH
l\H Kpehe ce yrJlaBHoM Y YCTaJbeHHM
CH:lKejHD-TCMaTCKHM oKBHpHMa Hapo
AHe enHKC: lKeHa ce KalKl-baBa cMphy. Y
BapHjaHTH CTap[(a MHJIHje, EaHoBHh
CTpaXHl-ba je Jby6H nOKJIOHHO, 3a
llITHTHO je 0):1 meBHe 6pahe, Koja xohe
):Ia je nory6e, aJlH je y neCMH y npBH
nJIaH H36HO eTH'IKD-nCHXOJJOlliKH 0):1
HOC Meljy jYHaI-lHMa. BHTelliKH JJHK
EaHOBHlia CTpaXHl-be, KojH je Kp03
[(eJly neCMY YMeTHH'IKH ycneJIO BajaH
(ycaMJbCH jYHIlK cyH[(eM 06acjaH jallie
Kp03 fOJlelli nJJaHHHY, enH30):la ca
ycaMJbeHHM TypCKHM AepBHllIeM H
AP.), cynpoTCTIlBJbeH je HejYHaqKHM
nocTynQHMa JyroBHha. PeqH Koje HM
ynyhyje EaHOBHh CTpaxHl-ba: HeMaM
C KHMe IIHTH Jla}.lHO BHHO, - npeY3eTe
H3 OBe nCCMe H C 60raTOM aCO[(Hja[(H
JOM Ha l\eJlY necMy. lKHBe y Hapo]U'
CaMOCTaJJHO, Kao H3peKa 3a pa3rpaHH
'laBal-be BHTellIKHX CXBaTal-ba qOBCKa
KqjH ce Haljc y CPCAHHH ):IpyraqHjHx nomeAa.
"
,
1l0ABHr liaHOBHha CTpaXHI-bC npe):lMeT
je BHllIe npaMCKHX AeJIa Hallie nHcaue
KI-bHlKeBHOCTH,

p.,n,

p.n.

BAHO~H1l CfPAXIIILA (C'I'p8XU-

BACMA.

Huli BaH), OMHJbeH jYHaK enCKe Hapo,ltHe noe3Hje H3 nJIeja,lte KOCOBCKHX paTHHKa; HCTOPHjH Hen03HaT. TIo HeKHM
npeTllOCTaBKBMa, HapO~Ha TPMH[(Hja
je y OBOM jYHaKY caqyB3lIa cehal-be Ha
3eTCKor cpey):laJI[(a Dypl}a CTpa[(HMHpOBHha EanWHha (T386-l404). JIOKaJIHa npe1\al-ba Be3yjy EaHOBMa CTpa-.
XHl-bY 3a JJ.paraqeBP, CTapH BJJax H
UpHy fopy. Enc~a nonyJIapHa TeMa 0
yr.pa6JbeHojlKeHH, 'Kbja'nOCTaje HeBePHa H He,npHjaTeJbCKH nOCTynH npeMa
MYlKY, oneBaHa je y,BehHHH necaMa 0 ,"
. EaHoBih .CrpaXHI-bH" OA HajCTapHjHX'
HaMa n03HaTHX, c nOqeTKa
~eKa,
AO necaMa 3a6eJJelKeHHX y npBOj noJIOBHHH Halliera BeKa. YMeTHHqKH
HeocnopHo HajBpe1\HHjy BapHjaHTY OBe
neCMC 3aIDfcao je BYK KapaJ;IHli (1lI43)

xvm

BpCTa'MOJlHTBeHOr neCHHllITBa npOTHB pa3HHX AYllIeBHHX H

CPH3H'IKHl{ 60Jl'eCTH; HajapXaH'lHHjH
.BHA Hap0.L\He Me,ltH[(HHe, HaMel-beH Ihy
AHMa, CTO[(H, 6HJby. 1l0qHBa aa Bepo
Bal-bY y aHHMaTH3aM, y qy):lecHy cHary
KOjy je MoryliHO' caBJlaAaTH MarnjoM
'(np03He H CTHxonllHe peillf).
'
Hallia &lcMa ~oce):lyje 'H3Baupe,ltHO 60
raTCTBO Bep6aJJHHX H3pa:lKajHHX MOryhHoC';t'H. Y OKBHPY cpHHe noeTCKe
. crpYKType, AYllIeBHC It cpH3HtiKe 60
JJeCTH pll3HHX 06JlHK3 llIaJbY ce Aa
H3BpllIe. tleH3BpllIHBe 3a):laT~e', Aa' ce
'BpaTe,i<aA'~36pojHJlH Hit mpH JIHCT, Y
MOpy nHj~caK ... , Ha 3eMJbH TpaB-'
H!-lY... no He6y 3Be3AH[(e, llIaJbY ce y
DpoCTOpe CMPTH, 6e3 CBeTJJOCTH H CBHTalba, 6e3 3BYKa H 06JI1.u::a: I)e lKapKo
CYHl:(e He cja... 'Be neTao He neBa, y

24

HenOKpeTHOCT KaMeHa: OBa je 60JbKa

KaMeHH ,!:>YBerJIHja, MJlalla My KaMeH,
KyM My KaMeH.
O):l6paHe 0):1 3J1a H 60JIeCTH nyTeM qa
pOJIHje peqH H npe):lMeTa, nyTeM cyre
CTHBHHX JJeKOBHTHX pHTMH'lKHX no
HaBJbal-ba, 06JIHKyjy ce y JlHPCKC napa
JIeJlH3Me, cHM60JIe H aHacpope (noI}H
CHl-ba nJbYCKO, nOI}H lKyTa nJbYCKO,
noljH 3eJIeHa fiJbyCKO; CTpax TepaM
):Ia HCTepaM, CTpax 6HjeM ):Ia H36H
jeM... {<). 113 KOHKpeTH3aQHje anCTpaK
THor, nOMohy CJJHKa (pa3HI}HTe ce
HohH Kao 06JIaK no He6y... , Kao neHa
no BO):1l1) HHKJJa cy cpHHa nopeljel-ba.
IlOTpe6a 3a MarHqHOM CPYHKQHOHaJI
Howhy peqH H3a3BaJIa je 60raTCTBO
OHOMaToneje H aJIHTepa[(Hje, Kao H
je,ltHy HOBY H3BaHrpaMaTHqKY ynoTpe
6y rJJaroJJCKHX CTal-ba H BpeMeHa, HMe
HHqKHX 06JlHKa, noce6Hy noeTCKY, aJlH

yaeK CPYHK[(HOHaJlHy rpaMaTHKY, qHja

je OCHOBa MarH'lHa ,n:HHaMH'lHOCT. Ea
CMa HajCTapHj1lx BpeMeHa ce YMHOroM
nOKJlana C HOBHj1lM 3aIDfCHMa, KaKO no
CPYHK[(Hf TaKO 11 no CTpYKTYPH H ca
,n:PlKHHH . Pa3JIHKa y HaIIIeM ceH3H6H7
JIHTeTY H 'norJIe,lty Ha CBeT qH!iH ,ltaHaC .
O,lt I-be, Kao cyreCTHBHor .rieKa, oqapa
Bajyhy noe3HjY.
H. M,-n,

"

CKor H rptlKor y CJlOBeHCKOM npeBOlIY,

y XII-XIII B. (CiIieljJaHuill u HXHU
JIaW). EaCHe nHC[(H KopHCTe y CBOjHM
npOnOBel'HMa (,UHBKOBHh, Xa611eJIHh),
3a HJlYCTpa[(Hjy nojeAIDIHX If,!\cja (Ma
BPO BeTpaHoBHh, J].HRKO PaI-bHHa). II
XVIII H XIX B. nojaBJbyjy ce npeBoAH
e30nOBCKHX 6acHH (J].ocHTej 1788; D.
<PepHh 1794, 1813; MaTHja AHTyH
PeJbKOBHli 1804; Hajn03HaTHje npe
paAe: Hapo,n:Hc 6acue BYKa BpqCBH
lia 1883; BH,lta BYJleTHha BYKacoBHha

1920).

HajjewroCT.UBHHjH",0.6JlHK 6acHc je
~CJI}"laj_,H3 CllOJballil-bC npHpo,lte, H3
}lBOjCH Ha OCHOBY nOCMaTpal-ba,OA611
.pa,.H3pC<lJlHoCTH.(Hnp. n03HaTH MOTHB
o TpC[(H Koja ce o):lplKaBa y OJIyjH, H
xpacry KOjH ce nOJIOMH - J].OCHTCj, Bp
'leBHli).

Y pa3BHjcHHjoj CPOpMH 6aCHa HHjC ca

MO pcnpoAYK[(Hja, Bcli HHC[(CHa[(Hja,
CBeCHa cxeMaTH3<l[(Hja nOMohy KOjC cc
TyMa'le lKHBOTHH O):lHOCH Ha OCHOBY
HCKYCTBIl, npHporiHHx oc06ID1a H nOHa
llIal-ba lKHBOTHl-ba (K03a npC):1Jla:lKC By
Ky Aa catlcKa ,n:a JC nojeAc K-3A cc 6YAC
yrojHJJa, na ce olf,!\a CaKPHje KaA OH no- '
HOBO ):Iolje no I-by (BYK, flOC/106Ulle,
6p. 850). EJJHCKOCT C nOCJIOBH[(OM 'H
H3peKoM je y HCXOAHOM CaOnIIITeI-bY, y
KOMe je CPOpMYJlHcaHo HCKyCTBO, HJJY
1 B. Jby6UHKo PlljleHKoBuh. HapooHe 6acMe 14
cTpoBaHo paAI-bOM 6aCHe. (KHceJIO
6ajulba, HUll!. 1982,
rpolKlje, ,[(a HHjecaM naTHJIa He 6H
ce
y CPHjC,lty cnpaTHJIa.)
BACHA. J!Q..<;J'a !lJlerOpHqHC nO~fHe .
. Eacaa jc 0611'IHO je):lHoenH30,ltHqHa
IIpHHe y CTHXy HnH np03H, J'-lSQ.ioj-ce
npH'Ia; 3aCHHBa ce Ha jeAHoj H,n:ejH; y
)JPmOTHtb~t JJ.QHallIajy Kao -JbYAH, a
):IOOenH30AH'IHy npeTBapa ce no CHCTC
pa,n:a,a CJIYlKH ,lta HJJyCTpyje MOPaJIHO
My KOHTpllCTa (6aCHa 0 JJHCHUH H POAH,
HaqeJIO (E30n, JIa <POHTeH, KPHJJOB,
Hnp.). Ee1)tL~e pa3BHja y ABe-;-TpH y~po
J].ocHTej).
.'
'lHD-nOCJIe,ltH tIHO nOBe3aHe. cHTya[(Hje,;
~M-t>6.!IHKY.~6acHa- je
c rpaA8[(HOHHM nOHaBJbaI-bHMa.CJIy
ycMeHa--'l:BOpe~HHa, Ha 1lI~a.6H YKa3H
lKehH ce,YCTaJbeHHM O.co6HHaMa lKHBo
BaQ...:-aHHMIoICTIDIKH H aHHMaTHCTHqKH
. norne,ltHa cBeT'y,lboj, mITepetoBaH>e . T~l-ba. (JIYKaB3 JlHCH[(a, nnallIJbHB. ::le[(,
: ',' :3a-pepcOlm:cp~oBal-be"nojaBa lKHBe ~: 'rP0lK,ltPJbHB BYK) Kao t:;pe;{o/B0M ca-, ,
. , 1i:~13~. .-np-(ip6Ae, nOHCTOBe~HI~!IH>e : , lKm.{lil-ba H c,nopa~YMeBal-ba, oH,e~ory
haBa npCTepaHY pa3BHjeHoCT paAl-be;.
. qOBeKa,~a lKHBOTHH>OM, Kao pe.arum~.
. ..Y. HaujOj YCMCHoj. !!..!!H~I:!Qj..IClb.WKeB- IlJlH ~IYBa eKCn03H[(Hjy, '3anneT if pac
nneT. (KpnO::KeAaH BYK 3aBa1\1I CJJOlKHe
HOCT.H.npolKHMajy CC. H .J:!CT0'll-ba'lKH-H
rp~KHTOK- 6acue. J].eJIHMH'lHe npepa,n:e
BOJJOBe, lIa HX OH):Ia nojeAe jeAHor no
llaa'laTaHTpe HaJIa3HMO npeKO apanje]lHOr, y3 o6jawtbetbe: HHje Bjepa

25

TBpna y ja'lera, B. JOBaHoBHh,

LXXVI).

lloeHTa Kao HapaBoY'leHlije MO:>Ke OH

TH eKCWIH~HO 3aKJbY'IHa, HJIH rrpOH

3na3H H3 caMor TeKCTa.

H.M,-D.

HAm-qEJIHK.
AHTporroMopq,HO
MHTCKO oHhe ca crrOJbaUUbOM ,11ymoM,
AapoAaBan JbYACKHX :>KHBOTa Ii OTHMa'l
)KeHa, H3 HCTOHMeHe oajKe! BYKoBor
rrpHrrOBena'la MaKCHMa IllKpJbHha.
THrrH'IaH rrpenCTaBHIiK cBoje BpCTe,
6ajKa liam-'lfeJIHK crra,11a y BpxyHcKa
OCTBapelba YCMeHe CTHJIH3an:Hje rrpH
rrOBeTKe. Y OKBHPY CKJIanHO pa3BHjeHe
CTpyKType roBOPH 0 rroTpa3H TpOjHn:e
6pahe 3a TpHMa cecTpaM3 Koje cy
OTeJIH 3MajeBH, na OH ce, Y3 00aBe3Ha
TpoCTpyKa rrOHaBJbaiba nO:>KHBJbaja
6pahe, 3anp)KaJIa Ha aBaHTypHCTH'I
KOM rryTY HajMJIaljer, KOjH je H rJIaBHH
jYHaK. KYJIMHHan:lijy H pa3pemelbe
6ajKe He rrpep,CTaBJba jYHaKOBO rrpOHa
JI3)Kelbe ceCTapa, Beh IerOBe HOBe
aBaHType. JYHaK OCJIooal]a 3aKOBaHor
liam-'lfeJIHKa, KOJHMY y 3HaK 3aXBaJI
HOCTH napyje TpH :>KIiBOTa, i\JIH My
OTHMa HOBOCTe'IeHY )KeHY, JYHaK ce
OOpH C IbHM Y3 rroMoh 3eTOBa - 3Maje
Ba' H Haj3ap, ta rrooel)yje, YnPKOC HH3Y
MarH'IHHX MeTaMopq,03a liam-'lfeJIH
KOBe ,11yme, y CPHHOM Hap,HrpaBaibY
06JIHKa (Y.BHCOKOj WIaHIplH, nHCHn:a, y
JIHCun:H' cpI(el y cpn:y rrTHn;a, Y IITHnH
DaIIl-'lfeJIHKOBO jYHaIllTBo).
H.M,-D,

1 01( BenuHe n03HaTUX llapHjaHTa (yn. Bllna,

1867 m. CTP, 777. A. HIIKonun. 21889. CTp.

53:"75; BB 1887, II. CTp. 13, 1,891. VI, CTp. 92.
1892. \'.11, CTp. 327. IIT,lI,) BYKOBa (Aath. 542 II
302) je Hajpa3Blljeuuja,

HEr KOqA):{UH. 'nH'IHOCT HCTQ

HMeHelIapo)XHe errc~~ necMe, HCTOPHjH
'no3Ha-r Kao KQHtUla,!iauH. ,l{ejaHo6l.{h
, ,jjpa'iaw,' cpenlboBeKoBHu cpndni Be
JIHKaIIl, . '1HjH' cy noce,11H OHJIH Y HCTO
'1HOj MaKe,110HHjH, 'y npyroj rrOJI. XIV
BeKa. I1pHnaAHHK BHCOKor WIeMCTBa;
y je}:\Hoj nOBeJbH H3 1380; Ha3Bao ce6e

HaCJIenIUlKOM HeMalbHha. KhH JeJIeHa

Y):1aTa 3a BH3aHTnjcKor uapa MaHojna
II llaJIeoJIora, pop,lina CHHa KOHCTaH
THHa XI .uparaIlla llaJIeoJIora, KOjH
npeY3HMa H AeAHHO npe3HMe. Kao
TYPCKIi Ba3aJI nme 1395. y 60jy Ha Po
BHHaMa, y3 KpaJbeBliha MapKa. 110
encKoj TpanHn;HjH, MapKoB n06paTUM,
Kora MapKo opaHH on TypaKa. aJIH ra
Ii npeKopeBa Kap, ce orpeIllH 0 MOPaJI
He HopMe CpenHHe Koja Heryje enCKY
necMy: He nOIllTyje pOp,HTeJbe, npe3H
pe CHPOTHIbY (BYK II).
p,n,

HEr JbYBOBUfi. MYCJIHMaHCKH jy

HaK 0 KOMe rreBajy H cnCKC H nHpcKe
neCMe. Y lberOBOM HMCHY '1yBa cc ce
ftalbe Ha BJIaCTeocKY MYCllHMaHcKY
noponHUY H3 Xepl~eroBHHe. liera Jhy
oOBHha CllCKe rreCMe nOBOne y Be3Y C
jYHaUHM<l XVII BeKa. OCOOHTO CliajoM
I1HBJbaHHHOM KOjli ra nooeljyje Ha
McrnaHY. EnCKo-JIHpcKe neCMe nCBajy
o ynajH oeroBe CCCTpe, a Hajnonynap
HHja neCMU 0 JhYOOBlihy neBa 0 3apy'l-'
HHUH KOjy jc oeroB cyrrapHHK npenpo
,CHO, aJIH je BejaBHua CBaTe nOMena, a'
1l0nynp9Mp3ny HcneCTY KOIb OIlHOCH Y
JhyOOBHhc Jl.Bope. 0 OBOMe ce H npH
1I0Bena lIO Xepl~croBHHH.

B. 'Sajo

p,n.

rYCAap.

BEKPH MY.JO. fnaBHa nH'IHOCT

HCToHMeHe IllaJbHBe npHiIOBeTKe, H3
BYKoBe 36HpKC. THII Typ'lHHa nHjaH
i{a, nOMlillIJbaHa KOjH ycneBa non npeT
1b0M CM[Yl'1i na yocnH uapa y CBOjy He
BHHOCT H HeO)'1rOBOpHOCT CBOjHX no
CTynaKa y nHjaHCTBY. lieKpH Myjo (IIH
jUHI:I,ua. Myjo), KOjH je rrponHO CBe CBO
je 60raTO.Hacnep,C',fBO H 3arpH'yo ce-he
Q~TOM Kao jen'HHOM. HMqBHHOM, IIHjaH
Tpa:>KH. on nap~ nl\ My Iipona CTaMOon ..
L(ap H3 pan03Ha1lOCTH 'npHXsata 'TP.- '
roBHIJY, Aa 01:1 CYTpanaH nOIljTO Myjo
oTKyn He Jl.OHOCH, nOCJIao no Ibera H
H3peKao My CMPTHY Ka31JY 3nor cnp
Albe H lla:>KH, H CBo.iY hYAJbHBY m:py

26

fI, M,-D,

liEfiAPAU ('1apalla~, lJ.HKH~a, "pe

KJ1aIlYlllu, rOlICTaJ1Hn:a). Hama Haj
Kpaha HapOJl.H3 nCCMa, HaCTaJIa y ceo
CKOj Cpe}~HHH CpcMa, liaHaTa, lia'IKe,
CnaBoHHje, KopJl.YHa, nHKe. HajCT~
PHjH 3anliCH OBe neCMe cy H3 XVIII B.
l..IIiHe jc caMO }{Ba )'1CCeTepa'IKa CTHxa
ca no neT TpoXCjCKIiX CTona; pel)e ce y
cKyny nCBajy 110 Hila HJJH BHllIe nHCTH
xa. Behapau ce nCBa nojenHHa'IHO. y
)'1yeTY HJIH y rpynH, OOWIHO YCTaJbe
HOM MenO)'1HjoM, y3 HHCTpYMeHTanlJY
npaTlby'(pyna, raj)'1e, TaMOypHn:a). Y
lbeMY npeoBnal)yje Beceo, Haj'leIllhe
nOnCMelIlJbHB H ooccaH TOH; TeMa je
yrmiBHoM JbyoaBHa:

H,M,':!>,

nW3JbaHIIH.

BErOBCKH hEBAqU, B,

npOTHB ooryMHJIa. C Kpaja IX B. Y

OnJIOMKY f}\e cc K03Ma )KanH Ha XPH
lllhaHe KOjH c rycnaMH H nnecKoHHjeM
H neCMaM!1 6eCOBCKHM BHBO nHjy... H
CBaKOM Y'leibY COTOHHHOM Bepyjy.
nojaM OCCOBCKH ce HajBepoBaTHHje
OJ:(HOCH Ha naraHCKe, HapOJ:(He neCMe.
l10llaTaK je 3Ha'm.iaH 3a HCTp3)KHBalbe
CTapocTH YCMCHe noe3Hje Hamer nOIl
He6Jba.

pan03HaJIOCTH npeKHHyO. YOOH'lajeHY

MoryhHocT HcnYlbelba nOCllenlbe )Ke
Jbe ocyljeHHKa Ha CMPT, Myjo KOPHCTH
na OH ce nOHOBO cpeo C qapeM H BOp,HO
HOBY Hrpy ,11yxa, CBe no ancypp,a H
no6ene. llo MyjHHOj npep,cMpTHoj :>Ke
JbH, npe,11 06ojHn;OM Kao nocMaTpa
'1HMa - n:apeM H MyjOM - nojaBJbyjy ce
CJIenan: oe3 o'lHjy KOjH I!.MH. ooraJb
oe3 HOry KOjH HOroM ynapa, cHpoMax
oe3 HOBn:a KOjH WIaha - CBa TpojHqa
caMO Ha pe'lHMa, y nYOOKOM nHjaHCTBY
on n:apeBa BHHa.
UapeBO oIIHjalbe H rnaBOOOJba, Ma
MypnyK H ne'lelbe on MaMYpnYKa H HO
BO onHjalbe no lieKpH MyjHHOM caBeTY
npenCTaBJbajy 3aBpIllHH neo rrpH'Ie.
llHTalbe n:apeBO nOKJIe he TaKo? H
MyjHH MynpH O,11roBOP: p,OK He orp
Hem he6e Kao ,H ja caM, cBHjeTnH n:a
pe, lbeH cy HeHaMeTJbHB, eMnHpHjcKH
HCXOn. CueHCKa KOHKpeTH3an:Hja nH
jaHCTBa Kao onpel)eHor CTalba nyxa,
oCrBapeHa je Ha Ha'lHH THIIH'IaH 3a Ha
Illy maJbHBY npH'IY; KopHCTehH MeTO
HHMHjy H napanOKC, oCTaje Ha'TpOMeI)H
nOYKe, pe3HrH,HpaHOCTH H n:pHor XyMO
pa.

"

HEorPA,n. Haj'IellIhe peaJIaH reo-.

rpaq,cKH nOKaJIHTeT y Hapo,nHHM nHp
CKHM H errCKHM neCMaMa. y Be3H C pe
KOM CaBOM. nHpCKe neCMe ra nOMHIbY
Kao rpa,n AO Kojer. nOWIOBH IIlajKa <;
JIenHM Jl.eBojKaMa, HnH Kao TBPIlH rpan
1i3 Kojer neBOjKa H3HOCH ooraT WIeH H
HajAparon:eHHje noopo ~ nenor jYHaKa.
Y enCKHM neCMaMa TO je YBeK YTBpl)eH
rpan, OHJIO ,na ce npeKO Ibera npella3H
Hli ceBep HJIH jyr, OHJIO na ce BOne Y
. IbCMY MernaHH cpncKHX H yrapcKHX
. jYHaKa CTypCKHM paTHHn:HMa. Be3aH je
yaeK 3a 6pahy JaKmHhfl. paTHHKe H3
'XV B., KOjH no' encKoj TpanHuHjH CTO"
JIyjy Y. K}1Jl\l He60jllIl;f. C~OOpn:H cy
.' ;3l>1aja .orlbellOr BYKa ,Ii oope' ce'npo
TUB :rypcKor jYHaka llop'le 0,11 ABaJIc.

AJIU ROJleM IlyplIllY Y rill/ IY

KUI)U /f! PY~/(!lIl1 Y Jlll/IY.

.TO/Ii

HI)/! JlOJlU /I 11()()UZ'{} ZJlURY

.1tl11'(} 1U)('nM II

')Y')OHY ZpUH.Y.

Y HOBHje llpeMc nonynapaH. H Ha nH

HapcKo~ TcpeHy.
p,n,

BEXAP, OOCHHcKo-xepn:eroBatlKH no
nYMece'I\:IIiK, CapajeBo, 1900-1910.
YpenHHl\H: ~AxeM MynaotiH\'I, X: Illa
XHHOBHh Ii np. OojaBJbHBaO q,OJIknOp- .
'HY rpal)y (HCKJb}"1I1BO MYCJIHMaHCKY).
Y PyopH1<,aMa Hapon~e YMoTBOPH-,
He, Mane' npH'le H nocjeTKe~< H );31!
roHeTK"l~ IIlTaMnalfO npeKo 400 neca
Ma H npHiloBeAaKa, Kao H npyrnx yCMe
HHX TBOpelll:lHa. .

p,n.

HECOBCKE llECME. TepMHH no

3HaT H3 oecene ripe3BHTepa K03Me

H,Mo-'S.

27

EE'IKO H3)];AILE. TIOCJIe;lllbe BYKO

BO H3;11albe Bapo;llHHX neCaMa y 'leTHpH
KH>Hre, o6jaBlbeHo y Beqy: 1-1841;
II-1845; II-l846. If IV-1862. Y npooj
KlbH3H cy ::KeHCKe, lIHpcKe neCMe, a y
OCTalIHMa j)'Ha'lKe, enCKe. Y OBOM H3
;IIalbY BYK je ;IIao CBOjy ;IIeqmHRTHBay
K1IacHcpHKa:QHjy BallIHX Bapo;llBHX ne
caMa, nO.llenHBmH lIHpCKe neCMe Ba
;IIBap;eceT BpcTa: CBaTOBCKe, nailITpOB
CKH npHnjeBH Y3a 3p;paBHl\e, nepamKe
na'lHmHHl\e, nallITpOBCKO HapHl\albe
3a MpTBHMa, njecMe CBe'lapCKe, Kpa
lbH'lKe, p;op;onCKe, 0;11 Konep;e, 60::KH
Me, njecMe Koje ce njeBajy Y3 'laCHH
,.noCT, njecMe OHaKO n060::KBe, CJbena
'IKe, njecMe OC06HTO MHTOnOrH'lKe,
njecMe Koje ce njeBajy Ba npelIY, nje
CMe ::KeTeJIa'lKe, njecMe HI'pa'lKe, nje
CMe Koje cy ce y By;IIBH njeBalIe Ha
CnacoB;IIaH, njecMe Koje ce njeBajy
p;je:QH Kap; ce YCUaBJbyjy, lby6aBHe H
;IIpyre pa3nH'lBe ::KeHCKe njecMe, nje
. CMe 6a'lBaBCKe, Bamera BpeMeBa.
KpHTepHjYM 3a OBY nO;lleJIY je 6Ma
HaMeBa n~caMa, aJIH 'leCTO H MeCTO r;lle
ce neBajY. EnCKe.Hap0;llHe necMe BYK
;IIenH npeMa TeMaTH:QH 0 KOjOj neBajy, a
npeMa HCTOPHjCKHM KpHTepHjYMHMa
Ha iijecMe jYHQ'llCe ciiiapujux apeMellQ,
o ;IIoraljajHMa ~ nH'lHOCTHMa ;110 Kpaja

XV B., O;llHOCHO P;O nponaCTH caMO~

CTaJIHHX cpep;lbOBeKOBHRX ;IIp::KaBa; Ha

iijecMe jYllQ'llCe cpeolbujex apeMella, '0

xaj;llY'IKO-YCKO'lKHM 60p6aMa TOKOM

XVI if XVII B., H Ha iijecMf{ jYllQ'f.lCe

1l0aujux apeMeua, 0;11 no'l: XVIII ;110

no'l. XIX B., 0 YCTaHUHMa H opraHH30

BaBHM 6op6aMa 3a oCJI060l)eH>e UpHe

rope H Cp6Hje. Y OBO H3p;albY ;IIony

lbeHR cy iIpep;rOBopH npoo H 'leTBpTe

KlbHre. OBCi je BYKOBO nOCJIep;lbe H3

;IIalbe HapO;llHHx necaMa H npeMa lbeM)'.

,<y 6pjaBJbHSaHa CBa K8cHHja, kpHTH

'lKa H3;11aH>a. 3HaTaH 6pdj 1:t~P'O;ll~

nt!CaMlboCTaq je y BYKOBoj-OCTa~~TH-.

HR, 6HJlO .lIa HX HHje ctHrad p;a H3;11a 3a

::KHBOTa, 6HJlO p;a HHCY 3ap;OBOJbime

lberooo KpHTepHjYMe; TaKBHX, CJIa6H

jHX necaMa 6HJlO je H HajBHme. nocne

H>erooo CMpTH Ha'IHlbeH je OJ1;OOp y KO

Me cy 6HJlH ~. MHlOlOmHh, O. YTjeme

28

HOBHn H ,ll;. THPOJI. Te je TpomKOM

Hapo;llHHjex npHJlora 06jaBJbeHO jom
HeKOlIHKO KlbHra, Kao Hnp. ;IIpyra KlbH
ra Hapo,!{HHl necaMa (nperu'raMnaHa) H
HOBe KlbHre: 1865. neTa KlbHra enCKHX
necaMa 0 HajHoBHjHM ;IIoraljajHMa,
yrnaBHoM 0;11 l\pBOrOpcKHX neBa'la C.
MapTHHOBHha H O. Cpep;aHoBHha; H
1866. meCTa KlbHra lIHpCKHX necaMa H3
Xepl\eroBHHe, Koje je ca6pao H BYKY
nOCJIao BYK Bp'leBHh. ,ll;onylheBa je H
nOHOBO 06jaBJbeHa H KlbHra Hapo;llHHX
npHnoBe;llaKa.
P.ll.

EHEEPQE. BajKa l 0 ;IIyra ::KeJbeHOM

;IIeTeTY Koje ce palja ManeHO, OB;IIe Kao
6H6epoBo 3pHO (HaCJIOB npeMa npHIID
Bel\H H3 BYKOOO 36HpKe, 6p. 68), Koje
CBojoM ;IIOMHlliJbaTOmhy CaBJIaljyje CBe
npenpeKc (Haj'lemhe y6Hja a::K;IIajy,
oCJI06alja l\apeBY Khep, Haj38;11 nopa
CTe Y H3Y3eTHo CHa::KHOr MJIa;llMa).
TIojaiuhyje ce H 110P; HMeHOM nacYJbKO,
bHcep'le, 3aBHCHO 0;11 HaCTaHKa. ,ll;pyrH
THn npHnOBe;llalba 0 cHay'Kao naJIl\Y,2
TaKolje je BeoMa p~cnpOCTpalbeH, aJIH
;II06Hja MHOro B1uue eJIeMeHaTa pea
lIHCTH'IHOCTH, pa3BHjajyhH ce y npaBl\Y
;IIyxoBHTOr Hap;HrpaBaH>a ;IIe'la'lMa C
npOTHBHHl\HMa. Koje ce 3aCHHBa Ha
lberOBHM aTpH6YTHMa. OH ope CTojehH.
Bony Y yxy, xBaTa'BYKa nomTO ra oBaj
nporyTa, npena;lla nona KOjH ra He BH
;IIH Y mTaJIH. POp;HTeJbHMa yseK 3apap;H
;IIOCTa HOBal\a.
H.M.-';.

I Aalb 3nt. BapHjaHTc KllIl qajKaHo~Hha,

CE3 .

MHMa. TIoce6aH J1;OnpHHOC 'IHHe CTy~H

je 0 npep;albHMa.

JIa "y J/{'1I6(! (Jl) iOpUI!e c:iiiuHe,

jota 611 .J/{1I6e cUiltHe iioiiYllaAe,

.lIat)U He ~plle ()1I6I)jUWKO!

H.M.-';.

ElflbAHA nJlAmo EEJlEmE.

TaHaaOM 6aJIaAl'I'IHOM nOTKOM npo

BJIa'IH ce ceCTpI1HCKa Jby6aB, Koja je
TparH'IHHM CTHl\ajeM OKOJIHOCTH, cnD
JbHHM Ha'IHHOM HCKa3HBalba, 6eJIerOM
KOjH je OCTaBJbeH Ha 6paTY, nOCTaJIa H
nocpe;llaH Y3POK lberOBe CMpTH.

nO'leTHH CTHXOBH MaKe;llOHCKe nHpcKe

Hapop;He neCMe 0 ~eBojl\H Koja ce 3a
rnep;ana Y Hen03HaTOr MJIa;llHha KHpH
UHjy. OMHJbeHa necMa, oco6HTO MH
ja'lKOr nO;llpY'lja, C BehHM 6pojeM Ba
pHjaHaTa (OKO 25 3anHca) Koje Melbajy
;IIeBoja'lKO HMe (MHJbaHa, )J;HMKea H
en.), Kao H MeCTO 36HBaH>a (6HJlo KOjH
H3BOP, peKa). BapHjaHTa neCMe Koja
neBa 0 BHlbaHH HajpaHHje je 3a6eJIe
::KeHa y OKOJIHHH TeToBa. JIoKaJIHTeT
oXPH;IIcKHX H3Bopa je HOBHjer nopeK1Ia;
jaBJba ce y MOKpaH>'leBoj ,ll;eceTOj py
. KOBeTH, H3 OxpHp;a.

JIepeH'l.llliy AOLI/U cpllha 611Aa,

()U .My ceAe Kot:y ()()zojuAa;

KOca .My je Ilat) 1)'111 iim)aAa,

'lemhe je je hop')o.M l1o.MUljQo,

Ha 6e()pO.M ce 'leAY l1oplIJao,

KUpmjU .My ce HII" All/II! iipoAlua

'tapHe My je 1)'111 JucAlliiUAa,

fia je C60jy cec:ffipy iipOKAUl-bao.

bpaTOBJbeBa KJIeTBa KOjy npeHOCH

KHe3, Y;IIBOCTpY'Iyje H>eHO o'lajalbe pa
3apajyhl1M occnalbCM Tpam'lHe KpH
BHl\e. Ty KpHBHl\Y p;OHeK1Ie y6JIa::Ka
Bajy enCKe OKOJIHOCTH: Hcno5e;llHBOCT
orpOMHe TypcKe Cl1ne:

p.n.

EIITKA HA KPEABCKOM DOlbY.

EncKa neCMa 3a6eJIe::KeHa 1890. Ha
OCTPBY BHCY.1 OneBa TparH'laH HCTO
PHjcKH noraljaj H3'1493, Ka~ je xpBaT
CKH 5aH EMepHK ,ll;epeH'lHH, He npHXB
aTHBmH nperOBope ca JaKy6-namoM,
H3Hmao C nJIe~mhHMa H CJIa60 Haopy
::KaHHM CeJballITB()M y 6op5y Ha OTBD
peHO Kp6aBCKo nOJbe. npeMa.JIeTOnH
cy H3 XVI B., Ta;lla je nponao !.\BeT
xpBaTCKor IIJIeMCTBa, nOrHayJIH cy H
KHe3 l\eTHHCKH H jaja'lKH 6aH Bn8TKO
BHh..,ll;epeH'lHH je 6HO 3apo6lbeH a
JIHKa H Kp6aBa nOCTaJIe MeTa ryPCKHX
ynap;a. BepHa HCTOPHjCKOM ;IIoraljajy,
neCMa nOMHlbe ,ll;epeH'IHHOBO Heno:
cpep;Ho cynpOTCT8BJbalbe TYPl\HMa H
3a6paay p;a C nneH?M npoljy npeKO lbe
rOBe 3eMJbe:

Of) me 60jeKe /;Ie y6l1zHe IlUKO'

Hez' eu.M jYHaK nepaJo6uh KHe:JKe.

orpewelbC caMora 6aHa 0 peJIHrHD

3Hy eTHKY,. ynpKoc .onOMeHH:

Ii

Moj IWH,at)e, JIepeH'l!Ihy 6aHe,

ftpllje .Mllee Ile '11111'MO .Mejoalla...
3a iUo fiul/e HIIIlIIUU He xajaUle,
Hee' iipll .Mme Mej()UH Jupail1uo.

HH jenHIl HH ;IIpyra 'lI4lbeHHl\a, Meljy

THM, y 5aJIa;lll1'lHOM TOKY pa;lllbe He MO
::Ke cnpe'IHTH HeMHHOBHY CMpT MJIa;lle
;IIeBojKe.

XLI.6p. t I.

.
. .
2 Aatb 700. BapHjaHTc J1MC 1884, CTp. 104-106;
':iajKaHoIlHh. CE3 XLI. (\p. 52; M. I?OlllKOBI!h
-Slulli. HapoJIHc npHnORc.TKe ,op. 47.

He uy.zuhaM. iiie Upl/KO YHzapuje

iiPUKO Auiia iioja 00 Y06UHe,

00 oi}eeoel{l WlUHO uyiii J1eea1.liiio

nu .MU CiIi.aAO iiieoje iipujaiiiejdi1eo!

H. M.-");,

'1 i-IapoilllC cnCKC njccMc I. OPHpel1HO OJlHHKO

.!l.CJ10PKO. "nCT cl'IlJl.cha XplIaTcKe KIbHlKeB'

EHJtrEH HHCTIiTYTA:' jA UFO.

Y1.J.ABAILE C)OJlK.iIOPA,

Qipaje- .
BO, 1952. fnaCHJIO' IfHCTHryTa Koje
o6jaBJbyje npHlIOre H rpaljy C TepeIi.a
bocHe H XepileroBHHe. If npHnoBeAHH
H noeTeRH MaTepHjaJI p83BpCTaH je no
HajcaBpeMeHHjHM HaY'IHHM KPHTePHjy-

UeJIa . 6HTKa je noeTCKH TpaHcnoHo

BaHa y enCKe oKB.Hpe nOBpa'q{a palbe
Ho'r jYHaKa, KHe3a nepa30Birlia, ,ll;e
peH'lHHOBHM p;BopHMa H. KHe::KeBOM
caOnmTaBalb y CTpanme Hecpehe ,ll;e
peH'IHHoBoj ceCTpH )J;opeTejH:

1I0CI"I;I.

MX. 24. 3arpcfi 1964, op, 4. .

EJiArO

3AKODAH0,1

T~Ma ~6

ro6pojHHx 6ajKR H npleJ1;aH>a, 3aCHOB.a

H.HX Ha BepoBalbY ;IIa ce nO;ll 3eMJbOM
HaJIa3H CKpHBeHO 61!aro, Koje Haj'le
mhe 'IyBa 3MHja, 3Maj HnH HeKH .lIpym
29

"

.L..

AeMOH. TajHH 3HaK (llJlaMeH, KOBH

TJIaq, KpaCTa'Ia) YKa3yje Ha MeCTO rAe
Tpe6a KOllaTH, a MarnjcKa TpaBa pa
CKOBHHK oMoryhyje JlaK IlPHcryII AO
6Jlara.
H. M.-"S.

1 YD. CB3, XXXII, CTp. 383; XLVIII, CTp.

338-341; L, CTp. 187-188; 3H)KO, I, CTp. 20,
VI, CTp. 133; VIII, CTp. i34-135; XIV, CTp. 127;
BYK. Pje~lIuK, 'leJlHHKa; Bp'leBHh, Hapoolle

upuuoajeiIiKe u ilpecyoe, CTp.

38-45; M. Bo

WKOBHh-CryJlH, HHTI, Gp. 109-118. 3. Kapa

HOBHh 3aKoOOllO 6/1a'i0, HOBH CM,1989.

liJIArOCJIOBH. YTBp:ljeHe, Haj'Iem

he CTHXOBaHe, A06poHaMepHe )KeJbe
Koje ce IIpeHoce y TpaAHlUijH H 3aCHH
Bajy Ha MarHjcKoj cyrecTHBHoCTH.
Pa3BHjajyhH ce, 06H'IHO KopHCTe no
pe~erha IIO CJlH'IHOCTH (CJlo60AaH OHO
Kao nTHWi Ha rpaHH), rum no cynpoT
HOCTH - KaA ce 6JlarOCJlOB H3pH'Ie Kao
npHBH,qHa KJIeTBa (QPH TH oopa3 K'O
Ha ropH cYHqe). EJ1aroCJloBH IIpeA
CTaBJbajy 06aBe3He ~BopHe AeJ10Be
nojeAHHHX 06pe,na HJIH 'IHHOBa (y cBaA
6eHoM o6peAy, y 3ApaBHqaMa, caMpT
HHM 06H'IajHMa, y TpT~BaH>y, n03Apa
BJbaH>y. HTA.).
Y HapoAHoj encKoj noe3HjH HMajy
CPYHKqHjy oTKpHBaH>a nCHXonomKHX H
eTH'IKHX OAHoca H3Me~y J1HKOBa. llo
APa3YMeB~yhH CTapemillJCTBo OHora
KojH.6J1arOCHJba, aCOqHjaqHjoM Ha CBe
'IaHH 'IHH xpHIllhaHCKor 6narOCJlOBa,
'IeCTO ce Be3yjy 3a BnaAape H Aajy CHH
Te3e 'IHTaBHX HCTOPHjcKHX nepHOAa H
YJIOra.JIH'IHbCTH Koje Ty ellCKY HCTOPH
jy OCBeTJbaBajy. TaKo qap Ypom OJla
r9CHJba MapKa:
Tavje JlUlfe cajemAo HO ouaaHyf.

Taojo co6.fbo CeKJlO HO .MejiJaHY!

Hooo me ce He HOUlJI.p jYllaKa!

mu Ce' ceyoo cilOMUH:HlJlO .
/l,uK je cYHlfO U OOK je MjecelfOl

HMe
~

"I

'.

. '. T~Ko.~ rocIIOAa xpHillhaHCKa' 6mlmCH

. ,q,aJy Casy H qeo IIepJ;loA HeMaH>Hfta, y .
CHM6H03H peJIHrH03HOr H epojcKo
~H<mHOHaJIHor:

llpocmo 00 cu, HeMafbUhy Caao!

".

CPOpMH oanaAe, Harne BapKjaHTe 06pa

CJlOBeHa.3Ha'IajHo Aeno H3 Te 06na
Ijyjy cneUHcpH'JaH IIaTpHjapXaJIaH no
CTH je Ha'IHFlHO Ha OCHOBY ca6paHe
ponlltlaH aM6HjeHT. HeMHJlOCpnHa CHa
rpa:lje npeMa ynHTHHKY - 360PHUK
caoaUlfbux ilpaallux o6utaja lYJlCHUX
xa nporoHH 3aoBY Aa 6H joj OAY3ena
,Ua 61l CaM IIeBa'l AOAlio:
CJI,OaeHa,' I, 3arpeo, 1874. llHcao je
He)KHOCT H Jby6aB 6paTa - CBor MY)Ka,
CTYAHjy 0 KPBHoj 3a~pY3H, nO}!lO)l.H
Ii nOIlMehyhH joj Kpnane HO)Kene KOjH
lllmo ioa peKJlU, KOf) Soia ce ciiieKJlo!
'IHOM npaBY, 0 Ay6poBa'IKHM npaBHHM
Ma je caMa 3aKJIana jeAHHUa CHHa
Y neCMaMa Koje rOBope 0 KacHHjHM
KH>HfaMa; TBopan; OUUlillei UMoaUH
ycneBa Aa ra y6eAH y HCTHHMTOCT
llepHOAHMa H me HHje 0HJ10 Moryhe
CKO'i aaKOHUKa aa KHeJICeauHY UpHY
KJleTBe. llonyT CBHX BenHKHX rpe
AohH AO CHHTe3e, 6narocnoB je caMO
ropy (1888) H qpHoropcKH MHHHCTap
IIIHHKa HapoAHe noe3Hje, CHaxa, Koja
eMOTHBHa 3amTHTa OA eBeHTYaJIHHX
npaBAe 1893. OA 1899. )KHBeO je y TIa
ce pa360JlH, He MO)Ke Aa yMpe, a Ha
3ana, Koja MOry oHeMoryhHTH jYHaKa, C
PM3Y H 6aBHo ce Hay'IHHM paAOM, He
MeCTHMa
fAe cy OCTaJIH KOH>HMa pac
jaKoM npHMecoM ocehajHOCTH.
Be3yjyhH ce CTaJlHOM CJlY)KOOM.-qJlaH
TprHy.TH ):IenOBH 3aOBHHor Tena, HH'IY
H. M.-'!>.
MHorHX HaY'IHHX ApymTaBa.~
3HaMeH>a. HeKe BapHjaHTe (flOJICeUlKU
~ Y3 CBOj npaBHo-HCToPHjCKH paA, lio
360pHllK H31798, BYKOB PYKOIIHC) IIO
liOBAH, BnaAHMHp (po:ljeH 1927),
rnIllHh ce )KHBO 3aHHMa 3a YCMeHy
ce6HO nCHxonOIIIKM MCTaH'IaHO HHCM
KH>H)KeSHH HCTopH'Iap, npocpecop
KH>H)KeBHOCT, cKynJba M npoy'IaBa Ha
CTHpajy Ha 3rylIIH>aBaH>Y HaIIeTOCTH y
<PHno3otjlcKQr cpaKYJlTeTa y llpHmTH
pOAHe YMOTBopHHe. QBaj CBOj paA
nOPQAHl\lt,
Ha pacryhoj MP)KH>H CHaxe
HH. EaBH ceH3Y'laBaH>eM cpncKe nHca
YCMepHO je Y ABa npaBn;a: Ha Ca6HpaH>e
npeMa 3aOBH, Koja ce HeIIpeCTaHO
He KH>H)KeBHOCTH Ha KOCOBY Y XIX H
necaMa H3 CTapHX 3anHca (H3 XVII H
0~6Hja 0 HenOKOne6JbHBY Jby6as H no
XX B., a H>emBH Haj3Ha'IajHHjH H Haj
no'i. XVIII B.) H Ha CKYIIJbaH>e HapOA
BepeH>e 6paTa:
OpOjHHjH paAOBH OAHoce ce Ha CPII
HHX necaMa, npHnOBeAaKa HAP., ca

CKoxpBaTCKY HapOAHY KH>H)KeBHOCT,

)KHBHX yCTa HapOAa, Koje je BehHHOM

ElUO lU' nllHJlIt. cexy MUJlOealUU

noceOHO Ha YCMeHY KH>H)KeBHOCT Cp6a
Ao6Hjao OA CBOjHX capaAHHKa no Me
()() MUJlOlIIITIe cflaiiioflll.M.' He iJailiu.

Ha KOCOBY H MeToxHjH (AOKTopCKa

CTHMa pO~Hor Kpaja. OBaj 60raT H

311KJlaJla mil OHHU Haj6o.lbeia.

AKCepTaUHja: Cpi'iCl<:e Hapo(me ueCMe
pa3HOBpCTaH MaTepHjaJ1 OCTao je,
Hu ilio H,O e naflJlIt. ()r)~08apa:
ca KOCOM U Memoxuje, 1976). HH3
'yrnaBHoM, He06jaBJbeH. rnaBHO Aeno:
AKO It,. aK() It, r)YI//() MOjU opoia,

fOARHa je H caM cKynJbaO HapOAHe

HapdoHe iljeCMe U3 cillapujux, Haja,UUle
jp IiY o8Ha II fioJheia r:iiieliu.

YMOTBopHHe Ha TepeHy: Ha TOM MaTep

'UPUMOPCKUX aauuca 1, 1878, Y M3AaH>Y

Hlany H nO'lHBa 3HaTaH Aeo H>erOaHX

CpncKor Y'IeHOr APymTBa, CaAp)KH 130
BYKOBa IlITaMIIaHa BapHja,HTa YSOAH H'
HCTpa)KHSaH>a, y BenHKOM 6pojy
HapoAHHx enCKHX necaMa. He3HaTaH
.i!HPCKH napaJIenM3aM: .
IIITaMnaHHX paAoBa. 06jaBHo je neT
~eo je He)l.OBpmeH; HeKe cy 6JIH)Ke
KH>Hra aHTonornjcKHx H360pa HapOA
JIHPCKHM neCMaMa; MaJIH Aeo je KHAM
/l,HU r:y 60pu HUii()pe{)o pacJla,
HHX YMOTBopHHa CTor TepeHa H3 CTap
BH~yanHor IIOCTaH>a. llpeKo ceAaMAe
Mefjy IbUMa ceciiiplllfO JeJlu1fO...
HjHX H C<lBpeMeHHX OeJle)KeH>a. HajceT IIecaMa cy 6y'iapUlillUlfe, Koje
3Ha'JajHHje H3AaH>e: HapoeJHa KlbWICea
ripeAcTaBJbajy HajCTapHjH n03HaT CJloj' . 'n BH3yeJIHy CHHTe3Y TeMe:
Hoem Cp6a Ha Kocoay I-X (1980),
cpricKoxpBaTcKe enMKe.

aHT0J10rnjcKH H360p JlHPCKHX H eII

. ,Upyry KH>HrY CTapMjHx HapoAFlHx ne-
jcaepo ce ollfje iipoHUJllIJlO
CKHX HapOAHHX IIecaMa, HapoAHMx
caMa, He cnopa3YMeBmH' ce ca' Cpn.
iio jeaepy HpuHatl KOlblllf iiJluao,
npHnoBeAaKa, 3arOHeTKH H rOBopFIHx
II 3a H,UMe .MalteHtI KOJle8KO...
CKHM Y'IeFIHM APymTBoM, F1Hje H3Aao.
TBOpeBHHa; jeAJ:la K~Hra je IIocBeheHa
PyKonMC OBe XlbHre, Kat;> H Op~jHH
paAOBHMa 0 HapoAHHM YMoTBopHHaMa
3anH~M HapO~HHX necaMa, I;lpHllOBeAa
ileCMe ce 06JIHxyjy HC'i HBHqH naraH
C K;ocoBa.
Ka, 1l0CJlOBHWi K Ap. HaJIa3e ce y Eo
cKor npOKJIeTCTBa H xpHml'iaHcKor
p.n.
rnIllHheBOf3aOCTaBIIITHHH y QaBTaTY
onpoIIITaja, BepOAoCTojHOCTH' npe
p.n..
:
Aa~a H cHM60n!iKe )KHIlO~oca:
liommH1i; BUTa3a; (1834-1908),
IlpaBHHK, npaBHM' MCTOpH'Iap H COqH
Jior
~An:ru; QCTA. '7ie ie (.I() H.e KuiiJh(l KPflU iiOJlu

onor, npocpecop ciIOBe~cKor: npasa y

JE~ HaCJlOB necMe' H3 ;Byxo!,!e .36HpKe
.riH.fje padiie CMulbe II (jocWbe.

J{HjeBY H OAecH: ffieroBo rJIaBHQ

(IDS). Y IIIHpeM CMHCJlY, neCMe oBa- . .7ie je ()f/JJ mAia C060M Ua./Ul

H<1Y'1H0 HHTepeCOBaH>e npe),\cTasJbajy

imfje ce: Je IIPKHU caipa,)Ulla.

KaOf THIla cnaAajy Y Kpyr HHTepHa~

npaBHH o6H<lajH pa3HHX}IapoA~ (nyTO
qHOHaJIHHX TeMa 0 nporOH>eaoj AeBoj

Bao H no KaBKa3Y), a OC06HTO J~x

H.M.-ll.

qH, Haj'Iemhe npo3Ho 06JIHKOBaHHX. Y

npm:ma ')YllIa mflojux pooumelba!
lllilio HOL'!lJlU - CHujeiliJlO 80M 6U11o!
lllmo PU,}WIU - Cfle flaM ceemo SUllO!

30

irnKOM

31

, ..
_._- _ _ _ _=.,3~~_. __ ~;._1......:...

ft~:

EOrOJABJhEHCKE llECME. 1. Pe
6'tlBe pyjHO BHHO). HCTH'-Ie ce nno
nHrn03He, 06peAHe neCMe 3HMCKor
AOTBOPHCl Moli nllleHHI:(e OA nOCJIeAlbe
nepHOAa (0 B01l.0KPlll\'i.y. BOAHQaMa:-'" 06HJlHe :'IKeTBe, Koja no HMHTaTHBHoj
EorojaBJbeIbY); neBajy 0 XPHCTY H
MarnjH Tpe6a Aa ce nOHOBH H CJIeAelie
lberOBOM KplllTaBalbY Y peQH JOPAaHy.
rOAHHe H 01l. Koje ce MeCH '1ecHHQa.
Be3aHe 3a BepoBalbe 0 oTBapalbY
IIecMe cy pa3HrpaHe H Be1l.pe, neBajy 0
He6eca Ha KojHMa ce nojaBJbyje naraH
6J1aroCTalbY H nn01l.HOCTH, H3pa:'IKaBajy
CKH 601' AaHanaQ H HcnylbaBa cBaKY
pa1l.0CT s60r nOHOBHor pa~alba CYHQa,
:'IKeJby. 2. KpaTKe, lllaJbHBe neCMe Koje
Koje ce lf1l.eHTHcpHKyje C MJla1l.HM Eo
ce Y XepQeroBHHH neBajy y 601'0
rOM:
jaBJbeHCKH CYTOH. 3. KpaTKH CTHXOBH
(pe~e np03a), Be3aHH 3a EorojaBJbe
rplmy cylllje !/3l fip')I, ReCeJlO, 8eCeJlO,
IIItje eyllll/! He'in D{).1K:O, KOJleOO, KOJleoo,
Ibe, KOjH ce Kasyjy y3 3aXBaTalbe BOAe
HUCtt lI'ipy .1U ilojacuM, ReCeJlO, 8eCeJlO.
H 6aQalbe :'IKHTa, Kao H Y3 nOMHlbalbe
MarnjcKor 6HJba, YKasyjy Ha npB06H
BaTpa Koja ce nojaBJbyje CnaJbHBalbeM
THy cnoHy OBor npa3HHKa ca KynTOM
6aAlbaKa MarnjCKH nOMa:'IKe 'pa~alhY
nnoAHoCTH. Ha oAYMHpalbe 06peAa
CYHQa, MJlaAOr HOBOI' 60:'IKaHCTBa.
YKasyje YHolllelbe KOMH'IHHX eneMeHa
BeJlHKH 6poj necaMa nocBeheH je
Ta, KaO H nojaBJbHBalbe XYMOPHCTH
pal)alhy Hcyca, npHnOBeAHHM TeMaMa
'-IKHX npeAalba (BYK 6enexrn: npeAalbe
HS JeBaH~eJba, 0 xrn:BOTY H KplUTelhY
o '-IOMeKY KOMe je 60r HCnyHHO :'IKeJbY,
HCYCOBOM, lherOBOM KynalbY, CBeQH
norpelllHo H3pe'leHy npeA OTBOpeHHM
Ma. MeTpHtlKH cy BeOMa pasHOBpCHe H
He6ecKHM BpaTHMa, H Aao My OCMaK
06H tiHO HMajy npHneB.
rnaBy KOjy BHllle HHje Morao KP03
H.M.-lI..
OTBopeH np030p YByhH). TepMHH 60
Qu'tapl;Ke je '1elllne y ynOTpe6H y jy
.EOJAHA.1: PeKa y U:PHOj fOpH,
:'IKHHM KpajeBHMa MeToxHjH, KOCOBY,
OTOKa CKaAapCKor je3epa, YJlHBa ce Y
MaKeAoHHjH.
JaApaHCKO Mope. Y HapO)];Hoj neCMH
H.M.-lI:
'leCT Ha3HB 3a peKy Koja ce Besyje y
CHHTarMH ca CKa)];pOM. Y ellHQH npeA
EO)Klf]1HE llECME. KaneH)l;apCKe
CTa.BJba aCOQHjaQHjy Ha caMY. necMy. 0
06peAHe JIHpCKe neCMe Koje npaTe
:mAalhY CKaApa; y JlHPHUH CTajahe HMe
nojeAHHe MOMeHTe .06peAHe CBe'laHO
peKe, 'leCTO y YBOAHHM CTHXOBHMa Jby
CTH. IIeBajy ce 011. EaAlbe Be'lepH AO
6aBHe noesHje (IIaAe Marna Ha Eoja
HOMe rOAHHe y KynH. JeAHHM cBojHM
Hy, >>OJ, qojaHo, THja' BOAO naAHa,
TOKOM cnajajy ce ca KOJleAapCKHM
OBI:(e' tlyBa BHAocaBa I IIoKpaj
06peA8HM neCMaMa. ETHon03H HCTH.'-Iy
CKaApa H EojaHe). 2. Y06H'-IajeHo
BHmeCJlOjHOCT 06peAHHX eJleMeHa'fa
HMe neBojKe y nHpcKHM neCMaMa. Mo
EO)~mna, CMaTpajyhH ra KOM6HHaQH
:'IKe 6HTH nIlIineB (IIOllIeTaJlO je rieT
JOM H'eKOJlHKO npa3HHKa: AaHOM KYJlTa
l]eBojaK~, lUHnep - neaa,a, lllHKOM
npeAaKa, AaHOM npH3HBalba MpTBHX
60jaHa).
KOjH AOJIa3e Ha r036y. y CBOjy '1aCT,
AaHOM AOJIaCKa caMor' Eq'ra, Kao
H. M.-1>.
JlH'IHOCTH Kojy.11pe6a yrOCTHTH; AallOM
nOHOBHor pa~alba CyHQa. Y neCMaMa
EOJUQun, AJ1Hja (Eou..~h, AnUJ1), .
ce EO:'IKHn nojaHJbyje Kao .jYHaK. Ha
OMHJbeH . 'My~.JlHMaijcKH enCKH jY~K, .'
KOIbY;' KOjH paAOCHO. CTmKe, HocenH
pa'r.HHK C TPOMel]e nHKe, Eocse'H ,IJ;an": .
KH'l:y 3J1aTa, Eoxrn:h :fI7Ie ys nOTOK
MaUHje 0 KOMe ce y3 ofTane KpajHlllHH
KOIbHI:( My je nyTOHor. fJlaBHH je roer
Ke BPJlO MHoro neBa. HajBepoBaTHHje
Ha 60raToj .nopoAH'IHoj Be'lepH H
je HCTopHjcKa JlH'IHOCT. Y 3allHCHMa
}"IeCTByje y PHTY3JIHOM llHjaHCTBy
caBpeMeHHKa nOMHlbe ce Kao MyCJIH
(C TpH ap1l.0Ba JbYT' paKHje, 1l.eBeT
MaHCKH jYHaK Apyre non. XVII B. Y

32

"

OKOJlMHM MaKapcKe. Y Ka'-lHlieBOM

Pa3roBopy CTOjM Aa je nomHyo 3a Bpe
Me KaH)l;HjcKor paTa.
B. MYCIIUMaHCKe ilec.Me.

CTMXOBH norpeUJHO cMaTpajy saBp

lUHHM CTMxOBMMa neCMe.
p.n.

GOJ HA qOKEmUHH,

P.O.

B. t{OKeWU-

Ha.

EOJ HA MHmAPY. EIICKa HapOAHa

neCMa (BYK, IV) 0 6HQH cpncKHX yCTa
HHKa C TYPQHMa.1806. IIecMy je BYK
1815. 3a6eJlexrn:o 011. <PHnHna BHlllIbH
na, KOjH jy je caM HcneBao. Y npBOj
BYKOBoj 36HPQH HapoAHHX necaMa
(1814), KOjy je o6jaBHo no cenalbY,
HaJla3H ce BapHjaHTa OBe neCMe, OHaKO
KaKO jy je BYK cnymao y BpeMe YCTaH
Ka; OHa je Malbe yMeTHH'-IKe BpeAHO
CTH.
IIecMa je KOMnOHOBaHa y YCTaJbeHOM H
CTapOM CPOPMyJlHOM OKBHPY nojaBJbH
Balba raBpaHOBa, Kao rJlaCOHOllla
H3ry6JbeHOr 60ja H norn6Hje. faBpaHH
cJleny Ha Kyny KynHHa, 60caHCKor
KaneTaHa H AOHoce upHe mace Ky
JlHHOBOj KaAYHH. IIecMa HMa BeJlHKY
YMeTHH'IKY BpeAHoCT;' Kp03 pe'-lH
KYJlHHoBe ~y6e, AOK Hlll'-leKyje nOBO
JbaH' HCXOn 6HTKe, AaTii je coo OKPYT
HOCT TYPCKHX BJlaCTOAP:'IKaQa H naTlba
paje; Kp03 CJIHKalbe YCTaHH'-IKHx n06e
A'a He ocena ce OCBeTOJby6HBOCT, Ben
JbYACKH TOnJlO H Ay60KO Tparn'-lHO
carJleAalbe Hecpehe paTOBalba, Kpo3
KOjy ce H HenpHiaTeJb, KaA 60j npo~e,
'MO:JKe oceTHTH Kao '-IOBeK (Hnp. y KasH
BalbY 0 norn6HjH MJlaAHX 60caHcKHX
'MYCJlIj:MaHCKHX paTHHKa, y npyroM
. AeJlY neCMe).
.
BYK je neCMY 6ene:'IKHO y CpeMy, y
MaHaCTHpy IIlHlllaTOBI:(y, y AaHHMa
H36Hjaiba Apyror cpnCKor YCTaHKa.
CTHXOBH ryCJlapa BHllllbHha:
.

EOJlAHU .l1.0JQUH. HCTOPHjcKH

Hen03HaTa nH'lHOCT Koja ce YBeK Be3y
.ie sa COJlYH, H no npe1l.alhHMa H no
HapoAHoj noe3HjH. II06paTHM MapKa
KpaJheBHha H3 nOTpe6e HapoA8e Tpa
AHQHje I(a yjeAHHH neJlOBalba H :'IKH
BOTHe nYTeBe OMHJbeHHX JlH'IHOCTH
(oCJI06al)a MapKa H3 a3a'-lKe TaMHHI:(e,
BYK, 1I/65; flje6aHllja, 68; IIeTpaHo
sHh, Ul119; MHna)];HHOBI:(H 6p. 156,
llysap je ConYHa, He caMo ys MapKa,
Ben H y3 CHpaK JaHKa). Hajno3Ha-'
THjH je Kao 60paI:( npOTHB ApallHHa 011.
Kora, Ma1l.a TelllKO 60JleCTaH, cnacaBa
'laCT, He caMO cBoje nopOnHI:(e Hero H
CO.JlYHCKHX AeBojaKa H 06pa3 COJlYHa. 1
Y BYKOBOj o6jaBJbeHoj BapHjaHTH Ao
paCTa )];0 Tparn'IHor jYHaKa :'IHjH je
nOABHr I\BOCTpYKa n06eAa: MopanHa,
Koja ra neh ca OHe CTpaHe :'IKHBOTa y
:'IKHBOT Bpaha CHarOM npeBaSHna:'IKelba
tPH3H'IKor ja; H no6eAa cpH3H'-IKa HaA
ApanHHOM, Koja BaCKpcaBa lheroBo
jYHalllTBo, y CTBapH cae BpeMe npHCY
THO y neCMH. IIpHcY!HO npBO Kao en
CKH cnOMeH, Kao peMHHHCI:(eHI:(Hja y
naMhelhY Apyrnx (... 3a'-lYo je Yco
ApanHHe... 01( ConYHa HlUTe saTO
tIHHKa... Y ConYHY He liMa jYHaKa...
,IJ;Oj'IHH 6H<?, na ce pa360Jbeo). IIpH-.
CYTHO 3aTlfM H Kao BH3yenaH nOKa3,
oneT y O'IHMa ApyrHx, Kao npHBH~alhe
HeBepOBaTHor nOBpaTKa ,IJ;oj'-lHHoBor
. ( ... OT~aKO je ,IJ;OjtIHH npeMHHyO, HHje
60JbH jYHaK npOHlllao); Kao :'IKHBa
CJlHKa ,IJ;oj'IHHoBa Ha KOlhY y nOKpeTY
(KOJlHKO My CHJIafj IJO):1HrpaBa, H3
Kt'mnpMe HCKa~le KaMelhe); H Haj3a):l,
.Kao ca~a e!I.~J(,a paAlha (cYWe:r ca..
ApanHHoM, Mer.nI,lH, no!5eAa H CMi:>T)
fpanenH 'CTepeOTHnHY enCKY q,a6yny .
jYHa'IKOr' MernaHa, OBa neCMa nOCTaje
HajTHnHtlHHjH npeACTaBHHK Hallie en
CKe neCMe y Kojoj je CHM6H03a C 6ana
nH'IHHM 1I0Ce6HO CPYHKI:(HOHanHa, jep

..,XpaHU:CUHa iiaK tUaI1>U Ha 80jCKY,.

.:

.Cp6uja ce YMupuiU' He MO;)l(e~

QAjeK .cy CTsapaor 36~Balb'a; y' neCMH.

. A06~jajy B~COKY eTlf<IKY H ecr.eTCKY
YJlory, Te ce ocehajy KaO nOeHTa I:(eJle
neCMe. YaHTOJIOrHjaMa, OC06HTO 3a
llIKonCKY ynoTpe6y, neCMa ce TY H
npeKHAa, lllTO je 1l.0npHHeJIO 1l.a ce OBH

33

ce panH 0 HecpehHOM H 60neCHOM jYHa

Ky H 0 MOpaJlHoj n06enH. npHnpeMC 3a
Merp;aH, no n03HaTOM enCKOM 06pacu;y
ca 06JIa'lCfbeM, op}?KafbCM H H3Bo~e
fbeM KOfba, OB:c\e :c\o6Hjajy :c\HMeH3Hje
anOTe03e CHa3H Jbyp;CKe BOJbe KOjOj cy
HajBHIllH nonCTHu;ajH cMoUHja H
jYHa'iKa '1aCT. PHTyaJlHHM nOKpeTHMa,
HHnHBHll}'aJlHHM H CKynHHM, CKJlanOM
nOCJlYIllHOCTH H 6pHrc, BcpHa )KCHa H
ceCTpa onpeMajy ra 3a 60j. CBaKa
npeY3HMa no jcnHY nY)KHOCT: )KCHa
Ccnna KOfba H ,Il;OHOCH KOnJbC, ceCTpa
nOHOCH Kpny llJIaTHa - ,Il;a 6H ra 06c
YTerne on 6enapa no BHTKHX pc6apa,
,Il;a My cc KOCTH HC pa3MHHY (HC
pa3MHHY KOCTH MHMO KOCTH), ,Il;a 6H
ra onCT 3ajcnHo Ca6JbOM npHnacane H
Ha KOfba nOCTaBHJle, - .il:oj'IHHa, jYHaKa
Ha CaMpTH, KOjH H3paIba H3 nOCTCKor
BpcMcHa npolllJIor Y BpeMC canalllIbc,
n06c~yje ApanHHa"CSeTH cc HaJl6aH
THny He'laCHOM n06paTHMY H Bpaha
ce Y CMPT, HnH, y cnCKH )KHBOT KOjH hc
TpajaTH Y TpanHUHjH, onCT Kao cnOMCH
Y O'l'HMa npyrHX.

60CAHCKA BHJlA, .IIucal 3a 3a6a

8Y, i'ioY1CJ' U KlbllJlCe8HOcill, CapajcBo
1885-1914. .il:OHocHO pCnOBHc, 6pojHc
npHllOrc Hap01l.HHX IIccaMa, npHIIoBe
. naKa H J:lpyrHx Hap0,ll;HHx YMOTBopHHa;
y3 onHCC cTapHHCI 06jaSJbCHa cy H
MHora JIOKanHa npC1l.afba 0 MCCTHMa H
,jYHaunMU .il:yroronHIllIbH H HajBpcnHH
jH ca6Hpu'I 6HO jc ypC,Il;HHK HHKOJIa
KaIllHKoBHh, 3C1THM neTap MHPKOBHh,
JIYKa rpljHh BjcnoKocHh, KOCTa Ko
B8'ICBHh, CTCBIlH .il:aBHnOBHh. CTeBaH
3HMOIbHh H np. tJaconHc-jc 06jaBJbH
Bao H HaY'IHc npHJIorC 0 YCMeHoj KfbH
:>KeBHOCTH.
p.n.

.60mKOBHli,

H. M.-'S.

1 BYK II177; PYKOIlHC 1I/63; EpnaHl'CIICKH

PYKOIlHC 110; MHna.uHHosUH 153. 154; Jacrpe
60B. CTp. 60; MX 1/64, ~TII.

.:1

:1

'(
l

.60HH(J)A'l(Jffi, HuKOJI3 PO)KHH (pO

I)cH 1913), nHcau H TepeHCKH HCTPIDKH
Ba'l. nOCC6HO cc 6aBH H~P~.IlHOM npa
MOM H <POJlKJlOP.HHM n030pHIllTCM.
06jasHo 36HPKY npaMCKHX TCKCTOBa,
nOCJlOBHu;a,. H 3arpSCTKH: HapOOHa
Opa.Ma, TICT cToJbcha xpBaTCKC KIbH
)KCSHOCTH, 3arpc6, 1963; '1JlaHaK.
MaiuKape u 1bui08e, Opa.MCKe uzpe Ha
.oill01CJ' Epa"lY, Hap0,ll;Ha YMjcrnoCT,
1975; IIoja8a O.llIC.II0PHUX opaMcKux
aleKcillo8a Y .IIuillepaillypu XVIII
tillo.tbeha, .il:aHH xpsaTCl<:or Ka3anH- ..
'IllTa" lJaKa.acKH ca6op, ,CnilHT 1978.
IJpoltasao H Jb. raja, Kao 'ca~n~iq~
Hap<?,Il;HHX YMOT~opHHa.
.
. H.M,.'&.

!!,

.60 CAHAQ, Orjenao (1870-1949),'

1;"

<pWlOJlOr, ncnaror. YpCAHO npBy KfbH-

II

npHnoBenaKa C TcpcHa, Kao noce6Ho

KPHTH'IKO H3nalbe MHCTHTYTa 3a Hapo
nHy YMjeTHoCT (l1ciilapclCe HapooHe
iipu"Ie, 3arpc6 1959), HJlH Y OKBHPY
rOnHIllIbaKa HapOII.Ha YMjCTHOCT
(1967-1968. Y KfbH3B 5-6: HapooHe
ilpuilo8jeillKe u ilpeoaje CUlbcKe Kpa
jUHe, CTp. 303-432; 36HpKY HapooHe
eilclCe iljecMe II, H3nana Y KOJlCKUHjH
TIcT CToJbcha xpBaTcKc KlbH)KCBHOC
TH<<, 1963, Kao H HapooHe upuiiosu
jeilllCe, npeBCII.CHC 1975. Ha HCMa'lKH).
TIpHpcAHna H360p HalllHX H CTpaHHX
cTYP;Hja H orncna 0 Haponuoj KfbIDKea
HOCTH (YcMeHa KlbuxesHOCill, 3arpc6
1971); YCMeHa KlbuxesHociil lCao
YMjeillHocill puje"lu, 3arpc6 1975,
npCnCTaBJba H360p fbeHm: 'lJIaHaKa 0
YCMcHOj noc3HjH H np03H, BpCTaMa H
fbHXOBHM OAHOCHMa. npeBacXOnHo cc
onpclI.cnHBIIlH 3a npHnoBCTKc, onpcnH
BIllH Y Hallloj HayUH nojaM npClI.afba,
OHa HX nOCMaTpa Kao jC3H'1Ko-CTHJl
CKY KaTcropHjy, anH H Kao CHCTCM
KOMYHHUHpafba. TheHo TeMaTCKO HH
TepCCOSafhC 06YXBaTa H nyqKy KfbH
:>KCBHOCT H KfbH)KCBHOCT HOB-a, Kao
H onHOce H3MCljy YCMCHC H nHcaHC'
KfbH)KeBHOCTH, H MHora ):Ipyra. YCMeHa
IClbUJICe8Hocill 06jaBJbCHa jc Kao I
KfbHl'a KOJlCKu;Hjc IIo8ujecill xp8aill
CKe IClbuxesHocluu (1978).

ry (ca Hn8HoM Bp030M) HapOAHHx ne

caMa ManH.\c xpBaTcKc H 6HO ypenHHK
'laconHca BHcHan.
H,M,'!;.

JOB3H

(1834-1892),

HIlY'IHHK, yrJlc1l.aH KYJlTYPHH paAHHK,

jcnaH O,ll; npHpC~HBa'la ca6paHHX ):ICJla
BYKa Kapal,mha. Y Bc'IY cTynHpao
. npaBa H cnoBcHcKY <pHJloJlornjy KOn
<J>paHua MHKnOl!1H'Ia. Apyrosao c 'By
POM ;UaHH'lHhcM H Kao CTyncHT Ha:1Ia
3HO cc y KPYry MJlanHX OKO BYKa Ka
paUHha, lioMa:>KyhH My y npCnHCHBaIbY
H CCKpCTapCKHM nOCnOBHMa. BHO npo
<PCcop y Beorpany H KparyjcBUY, ype
nHHK JIcTonHca. 3aTHM MHHHCTap npo
. CBCTC, CCKpCTap CpnCKor Y'leHor npy
IllTBa H 'ImIH CpnCKC axanCMHje HaYKa.
H3):1ao C npCnrOBopOM Pje"lHulC I BYKa
KapaUHha (1892); npCBCO KfbHry Jby
II.CBHTa lIITypa 0 cnOBCHCKHM Hapo
II.HHM nCCMaMa H npHnoscTKaMa, HOBH
Can 1857.

H.M.-'S.

.6PAK C HAmPHPO,llmtM .611

'fiEM (3MHja MJlanO)KCfba, 3Maj Jby6aa-'
HHK). JCnHa on HajpaCllpOCTpafbcHHjHX
HHTCpHaunOHanHHX TCMa y 6ajKaMa,
'Koje CC noja~Jbyjy H y CTHXQBaHOM
06nHKY. HB3 JlHTepapHHX BapHjaHaTa
y CBHM HapOnHMa, HapO'l1JTO y CPC,Il;
fbCM BeKY, BchHHa HaY'IHHKa' CMaTpa
anarrrau;HjoM Hap,O,ll;HHX MoTHBa. no
3HaTa IlpH'Ia 0 HaKa3HOM KpaJbCBHhy
, KycH H3 IV B. HaJla3H CC y Maxa8fIc,illu.
TeMa 0 AMOPY H TIcQXH, ci6p~CHa KOn'
, Any:llej,! y HOHOBPM cnCBY O..il:OO.HJ.iCY,
TH'Ie ~e 3~Bca H CeM~~; y'pHMOBaHoj
<ppaHUYCKoj 'ilOBeCTH, Partenopeus de
Blois, H3 cpCnHHe XII B., npJinoaena CC.
o HCBH]lJbHBOj )KCHH Koja lJanylllTa MY
)Ka nOIllTO jc npCKplllHJla Ta6y rncna

p,n.

.60mKOlJIIB-CTY~1I (Stulli), Maja

'(pobeHa 1~2), cn~BHcT ~. <POJlKJlO- .
pHCT. BaBH cc HCTOPHjoM 'H Te(')PJ:ijot~f .
YCMeHC KfbH)KCBHOCTH, Kao HTlepeH-:
CKHM panOM. MonH<pHKoB!lHPM' H~O
pHjcKo-reorpa<pcKoM MCTOnOM o~pa
nHJIa jc MOHorpa<pHjy HapoAHa npc
naja 0 BnanapcBoj TajHH (1967). Ca
'lHHHna HCKOJlHKO 36HPKH HapoAHHx

34

35

.,.Il"
~.

]6;--.

lba. Y Gesta Dcmorum (XII B.) PCq je 0

OTCpyCY H CHPHTH. TCMa jc 06pa~cHa
H Y CBHM Ba:lKHHjHM cBponcKHM 36HP
KaMa: Cabinet des lies de la princesse
d' Olnoy, Y Ba3HJlOBOM fleHillaMepoHY,
KO):l CTp~mapOJIe. fpYHTBHra, fOH3e
6axa H 6pahc rpHM.
KOA Hac cy Ha.itlclllim OHH THllOBH
npHnoBCTKc KojH cc y Aarne-Thomp
sonevom HH]\CKcy nojaBJbyjy non 6po
jCM 425, 425A, 425:Q, 433B H 441.
OCHOBHH CJleMCHT <pa6yJle je OCTBa
PCIbC )KCJbe 6CCnJlOnHHX pOnHTCJba na
HMajy AeTc, MaKap H y )KHBOTHfbCKOM
06JlHKY (lIcTe cc palja Kao 3Maj, 3MHja,
npacau;, rYIllTcp, jCJICH, BO, HTn.) Ka]\
nOpaCTc, l~cTe xohc na cc :>KCHH; )KC
HHn6a cc y 6ajl.\H oABHja 6C3 TelllKoha,
'18K H nopcn npcnpCKa, no JlorHUH
CBCMOhH rnaBHHX jYHaKa. npBe 6pa
'IHC HohH MnaAO)KCfba CBJla'lH )KHBO
THfbCKY KO)KY H nojaBJbyjc CC Kao
nHBaH MOMaK. HCBcCTa IlpeKplllH Ta6y
(Haj'Iclllhc Ta6y oTKpHBafba TajHc),
CIlaJbyjc KO:>KY H 'IynoBHIllTe 3aYBcK
OCTajc y JbyncKoM 06JlHKY, Y MafbCM
6pojy . 6ajKH KojHMa jc oBaj '1HH H
cpchaH 3a.BplIlcTaK. Y rnaBHHM upTa
Ma OB}) jc H <pa6yJla cnCKm: nccaMa
6ajKH, BeOMa pa.cnpocTpa~eHHX Ha
HalllCM TCPCHY, Koje npenCTaBJbajy
jenaH OA THnH'IHHX npHMepa YTHuajHc.
CHare HaIllC enCKe noc3Hjc Koja cnCKH
06nHKyj~ H OHC TCMe KOjC no CylllTHHH
cBoje rpaljc HC npHnanajy encKoj nOC3
HjH. nYTCBH TpaHc<popMaunjc IlHp
nOBClI.a'lKC MaTcpHjc npH TOMC TeKy
npCKO JlHpCKe 6ananc 0 Pucu pu6u H
najy MHOIIITSO BapHjaHaTa.1
3a BChHHY npHnOBC,Il;axa (Aath 425)
TpcHYTaK CnaJbHBafba KO)KC npcn
CTaBJba KynMHHaunjy, nornc KOjc cc
MCfba rJIaBHH jYHaK H HOCHnau pa]\fbc
nocTajc MJla]\a )KeHa. Ka3Ha 3a CnaJbH
BafbC jc 3aXTCB MJlanO)KCfbe 1.\a ra
H~BeCTa, y 'MebYBpcMCHY 3aTpynHCJla,'
lIpoHa~c.. CpehaH Kpaj CJlCnH TeK
. llOCJlC fbCHHX MHoro6pojHHX ilB!ffiTypa,
cBenpHcYTHHX
HHTepHaunoHaITHOM
npHlIOBCna'IKOM pcncpToapy.2
3aHHMJbHBO jc na KOn Hac roTOBO na H
HCMa CTHXOBaHHX napaneJla, BCOMa

IlHcaHH TCKCTOBH CTapHjc KI:bH)I{CBHOC

TH IIpHKa3yjy By,Ka EpaHKoBliha Kao
HCraTHBHOr jYHaKa, KOjH H3 cypeBlbH
BOCTH OKJlCBeTa MI'IJIoma 06HJIHha na
he Y'IHHHTH H3,l1ajy, a y oWly-qyjylieM
TpeHYTKY caM IIpHlje TYPQHMa C opoj
HHM 'IeTaMa JbYTHX OKJlOIIHHKa, Te
TaKO CpOH H3ryoe OHTKY. OBa, y Hapo
ny II03H<lTa H llIHpoKO paCIIpOCTpal:be

Ha TpanHn;Hja (OCHM KOn Cpoa H

XpBaTa, H KOn npyrnx OaJIKaHCKHX
Hapona), YllIJla jc Y IIHcaHY HCTOPHjy, H
TCK je Y J1Pyroj nOJl. XIX B. OIIOBprH}'
Ta Kao HCTopH,icKa HCTHHa H CBpcraHa
y JlereHny
H, M.-'B,
'Bypalj CMenepeOBl{, CHH BYKa EpaH
KOBliha, CpIICKH neCnOT (1427-1456),
1 BY!' Wll. 12: MX I134; TIeTpaHOBHh lli24, HTJ.\,
nOIIYJIapH<l JlH'IHOCT YCMeHe H neCHH
2 BY!'. TIPHII, 9.10; MHKYJlH'lHh' 6p, 2; CTpoxan,
XHTI I, 125-127; 3IDKO 1914, XIX, 55-57;
'IKe H IIp03HC TpanHn;Hjc, Koja CC .110
1918, XXIII, 43--44; 1940. XXXIIIII. 115, HT/!,
6pHM neJIOM OCJIal:ba Ha HCTopHjcKa
30HBal:b<l. nCBa ce H npHIIOBena 0 'byp
IiPAHKOBHB.H, cpIIcKa BJIaCTeOCKa
IjCBHM eyKooHMa C TYPlUlMa, 0 3Hnal:bY
H BJIanapCKa IIOpOnHQa y Cpenl:bCM
CMenCpeBCKor rpana, 0 onHOey IIpeMa
BeKY, Koja jc y CBOM noccmr Hajn}'}Ke
yrapcKHM BCJIHKallIHMa (XYl:banHjy
,np)l{ana KOCOBO. JaBJbajy cc 30-HX rOo
JaHOIHY, CHJIaljHjy MHXaJbY H np.), 0
nHHa XIV B. Yrncn HM Harno nopac
yIIpaBJbCll:by 3CMJbOM H 0 I:bcroBoj
TaO IIOCJIe CMPTH n;apa CTeQ>aHa Ypo
:KCHH'nOH. ilo HaponHojTpanHn;HjH,
mao C KiIC30M JIaJapOM, BYK EpaH
'bypalj jc !Ion YTiU~ajeM CBOj~ OKPYTHC
KOBHh jc IIOCTao jenaH on HajMofiHHjHX
)l{CHe JcpHlle, fpKHl:be, Koja YMCCTO
cpiICKHX Q>eY.11anan;a H BJIa,11apa. ilOCJ1C
I:bera YllpaBJba H' HaHocH, ~JlO HapOnYI
KOCOBCKC OHTKe (1389), IIOCTaJIH cy
BCJlHKamHMa, Kao H 'IJIaHOBHMa IIOpO
TypcKH Ba3am~, a CPIICKH nCCIIOTH,
nHQC, 'mHelm yi::TYllKC TYPlUlMa. Epoj
IIOcnC CMpTH neCIIOTa CTcQ>aHa JIa3a
Ha IIpenCll:ba. HapOnHC IIeCMe H IIOCJIO
peBHha. Kan cy Typn;H 3ay3CJIH CpOHjy
B~Qe 0 3Hnal:bY yqJpljeHHX rpaAOBa H .
(1459), npemJIH y YrapcKY H IIojaBHJIH
HaMery KOjH cc 'mHH Hapony, Bc3aHa
ey 3a upOKJIcry JCPHHY.
cc y ,CpCMY Kao Ba3anH yrapcKHx
.I(etia 'bypljcBa', fpryp, CTcQ>aH, JIa3ap
KpaJb!-"!Ba H THTyJlapHH CPIIcKH,AecnOTH
y jY)KHOj YrapcKoj. Ha cTpaHH Yrapa
H Mapa, 1l03HaTa cy TaKoljc HapoAHoj
TpanHQHjH. EllcKe nCCMC 3HaTHO BHllIC
yqeCTBOBaJlH y MHornM oopoaMa IIpOo
IIcBajy 0 oCJICnJl,CHoj opaim fprypy, H
THBTypaKa.
TTeQ>aHY, nOK ce neCIIOTOB HajMJlaljH
EpaHKoBHhH cy oCTanH,y )l{HBOM ceha
CHH H HaCJICnH~K caMO Y:HCKOJlHKO
I:by YCMeHe Tpa.11Hn;Hje, IIO'lCB on BYKa
llccaMa 1I0MHI:bC, HC3aBHCHO on HCTO
Ep'aHKoBHha. ~eoMa pacnpOcTpal:bCHa
H BH.me BeKOBa Onp)l{aHa HapOnHa . ,pJ;ljcKor' cchal:ba. Kim ,Mapa, AaTa
Eaja3HTY II y xapeM, oncBaHa,je Y Ha-
-rpanun;Hja, se3yje 3a BYKa' KOCpBCKY
pOnHHM eIIC){,HM .IICCMaMa,. Kao cyn~
H3~ajy" m'l'O IIpenCTaBJb~', cpeJPimHY
, TeMy 1t,eroBe eIICKe oH,?rpaqmje. HaKO . ,T,aHHja, Koja IIoKY1!I~Ba na '3a:Ip'niiH
je MOTHB H3naje mi' l{OCOBY CTapHjH,
opahy 0.11 ~YPCKC qCBcTe (B. Heul':
Mapa J/.ecfioiii.osa).
,
TeK C Kpaja XVI B., Hana3HMO na ce
BpJIO OMHJbCH enCKH jYHaK H HajnOIIY
Be3y,je 3a I:bcra (M. 0POHHH, Kpa
JlapHHjH EpaHKoBHh jcCTc ByK, Clm
./besciUso CIlOSella, 1601). EncKe Hll
fprypa, IIO HapoAHoj Tpa,11HQHjH IIO
ponnc nCCMC, npo3Ha npe.11a1:ba, Kao H
pacnpOCTpal:beHOr Tlma y 3ananHO
CBponcKoj Kl:bliJKCBHOCTH cpenl:bcr
BCKa (Hnp. AaTX 433E, La belle et la
Bete). CHara JbyoaBH KOjOM ce qYAOo
BHIIITe npCTsapa y JbynCKH 06JUIK KOn
Hac je npeHeceHa Ha MajKY H CHHa, H
oecKpajHY qe)l{l:bY HepOTKHl:be 3a .11eTe
TOM.

TeM;a y KOjOj je cynpyra HaTnpHpOnHO

OHhe, HajIIo3HaTHja non Ha3HBOM
lusine, npcMa 'IYBeHOM Q>paImYcKOM
poMaHY, oopaljcHa je npyra'lHjOM Q>a
YJIOM.
B. BUJla ./by60f:Hf/l.

Me

~r

36

3HaT Kao 3,M,aj O'ifbeHu BYK, THTY

JIapHH ACCIIOT y j}'}KHOj YrapcKoj (y
CpCMY), H HCTaKHYT aHTHrypcKH 60
paQ npyrc IIOJI. XV B. BcpoaaTHO My je
oBaj CnCKH Ha3HB H p;aT 300r jyHa'lKHX
nOABHra, HaKO jc npaso nopCKJIO HMC
Ha HcjacHo; IIO HCKHM IIpeTIIOCTaBKaMa
TO OH 6HJIO cchal:be Ha BHcoKHyrapcKH
BHTcmKH pea 3.M.aja KOMC jc ByK npH
nanao. HaponHa TPanHn;Hja HMC 06ja
1lII:baBa HaTIIpll.poAHHM cBojCTBHMa,
Koja ce Bch no poljcl:by YKa3yjy: Ha
oCAPHMa YTHcHYTa hopna, Ha MH
llIHn;H BY'lja llIana, H3 yCTHjy MOAap
rmaMCH Jlll.:KC. EncKH cy MY ca60plUl
opaha JaKmll.hH, HenpHjaTCJbH ilopqa
on ABanc H 'bCP3CJlC3. 0 l:beMY nCBajy
H MycnHMaHcKc nCCMC, Ha3HBajyhH ra
BYKOM Jaj'laHHHoM. CBOjOM YOOjHTOM
JlaKOM KOlbHQOM, IIpOnHpaO je nYOOKO
y EocHY, qaK' no CapajcBa, H JCARo
BPCMC np)ICao YTBpljeH rpaA JajQc. 0
I:bCrOBHM paTHHM nonBH3HMa IIoCToje
6pOjHlI. nOAaQH Y nHCaHHM yrapCKHM
xpOHHKaMa. tIccTa TCMa HapOnHHX
IIecaMa, BC3aHHX 3a OBor jYHaKa, jCCTe
l:berOBa CMpT O]l; paBa on KOjHX ra nc'Ie
HaTnpHpoAHa oHha BHJIa H BYK; OBO
nOTH'IC on BPJlO CTapHX cnojcBa eIIHKe
(0 TOMe nCBajy H 6yrapmTHQ!j lI. nc

CeTCpaqKe IIeCMe).

CHHOBH cncnor CTCQ>aHa, 1Jypa!J (IIO

:maT IIO KaJlyljepCKOM HMCHY MaKcUM)

H Josa1l, (flecuoiUosuh Josa), Kao H ~1a

TH All'iellUlla B., OCTaJIH cy Y )l{HBOj

HapO]l;Hoj Tpa]l;HnHjH, OCOOHTO Y cn

CKHM IICCMaMa KOjc HX qCCTO oncBajy

Kao poljCHY opahy 3Maja Orl:bCHOr

BYKa.

EIICKe HapOnHC IICCMe 0 EpaHKOJ;lHhfl

Mft . cy OPOjHC, neCCTCpaqKe H 6yrap

mTHn;c. HajCTapHja 3'a6enc:KCHa cnCKa,

Hapon~a IICCMa H3 1497. nCBa 0 'Bypljy

Aecno'ry.

B. EyiaplUillUl,e.
P;fJ,

liPA CfBO, nOBpct-{cHH 360pmuc .I(py

mTBa CB. CaBe, H3Jla3HO y Eeorpany O]l;
1887-1941. YpCnHHn;H: MWIoBaH P
MapHHKoBHh (I) H ilcTap il.'Bopl;ic
Boh (I, II, ill KI:b.), )KHBOjlm CHMlih

(IV-VI), MOM'UlJIO HBaHHft (VII

XIV), H HajnY:KC JOBaH Xal,IH BaCHJbe

BHh (XV-~I).

I10peA M3BemTaja 0 pafO' .I(PYIllTBa,

HCTOPHjcKHX. reorpa$CKllX 11 XH.IDKeB

HHX CTYJlHja, ]:{OHOCHO pacnpaBc H H3
OOJlaCTH HapoAHe KI:bH)l{CBHOCTH.
H. M,-'B,

liPA 'fiA H CECfPA. Banana (BYK,

IIIS) 0 MJlanoj HCBCCTH, y]l;aTOj Hana
JICKO, Kojy I:bCH pOA HC IIOXO]l;H. CHa
rOM 'IC:KtbC 3a AOMOM JUUKe H3 rp06a
jeAHor Oil caojc, y MeljYBpcMCHY KyroM
nOMopcHC opahe, KOjH joj MpTaB
JlOJlCl3H y nOXOJlc. OBOj 6ananH, CBO
jCTBcHOj caMO 6aJlKaHCKHM HapoAHMa,
IIpCMa SChHHH KOMIIapaTHBHHX HCTpa
:KHBalba, npOTOTMIl TPeOa'Tpa)ICHTH y
cpncKoj I1JlH CTaporp'lKoj BCP3HjH.
360r TCMC 0 MoryhHOCTH npH3HBal:ba
yMpJlHX CY3aMa H Y3nHcajHMa, H CnH
30ne 0 nYTOBal:bY C MpTBHM KOl:baHH
KOM, CTa5JbCHa jc y rCHCTM'IKY BC3Y ca
6aJlanOM'0 JICHOpH.
3aCHOBaHa jc, McljyTHM, npc CBera Ha
oOH'lajHoM 3aKOHY lIoxoljcf!>a, 3a qHje
KPllICI:bC HHjc HM CMpT nOBOJbHO
onpaBAal:be (cBaToBcKH oOH'IajH Hana
)ICy Aa MJlany, Haj'lcllIhc HCnCJbY naHa
no ynajH, II,oeeTH I:bCl'! pon - uoxo!JaHu,
KOjH TaKO nOKa3yjy HC caMO OpHry 3a
I:bCHY AaJbY eynOHHY, Hero najy 3Haqaja
I:bCHOM KOPCHY H IIOPCKJlY, nOCTojaHCT
130 I:bCHOj ycnoMcHH y pOnHTCJbCKOM
AOMY). Pa3BHjcHa jc Ha OnHOCHMa y'
KojHMa jc noponHtlHa 'lacT H 06aB,C3a
ja'ia O]l; CMPTH, a JbyoaB lbHXOBO Hanax
Hyhc. il6ce6HY yMCTHH'lKy BpcnHOCT Y
O]l;HOey Ha npyrc BapHjaHTe, OBa oana
na n06Hja y npahcl:by nCHXOJlOllIKHX
CTaf!>a MJla]l;C, npe3pClIc :KCHC, Koja
nO'IHI:bC l\a ccnpCHcnHryje, Aa CyMlba y
ceGe: ,lliTO caM BP~O opahH 3rpHjc
mHJla, TC MC 6paha nOXon!fiH Hchc?<',
na fut pHJla HCBHHa OKpHBJbeHa; oe3
npcHc,nHTHBal:ba, 9.11 -GBOjc' }eTpBc: TH
Cli opahn BpilO OMp3HYJla, Te TC 6pab.a'
nOXO]l;HTH Hehc;' H Haj3aA, nOllIJla -1~0
nOTIIYHor o'Iajal:ba: JbYTO IIHmTH CC~
CTpHQa JCJlHQa, JbYTe IIHllITH jYTPOM H.
Be'lepoM", KOjc IlHpa H caMora focno

37

.u;a Bora, Te joj IIIaJbe HajMJIaj)er 6paTa.

KaH'IHlieM hy Te; IlTpnTpnKoBHh

PanoCT cycpeTa c 6paToM, cnpeMalbe

nrpnrpn'le c rrrpmpKoBHliHMa nrpn

llaposa, fbeHa 6PHlKHocr H llo.u;CBeCHa

se6fba (WTO Cll TaKO, 6paTe, llOTas
lbeo I oaw Kap;a Cll nOJ{ SeMThIU(OM
6ll0?) H H>erOBa HeJICHa :lKeTha .u;a je
nOWTep;ll cypose HCTHHe: .. .u;ox caM
ocaM 6paTa O:lKeHHO I H p;BOPHO ocaM
MHJIHX CHaxa, I p;eBeT 6jeJIHX .Kyha
HaqHHHO I saTO caM TH llO~Pfbeo,
cejo! Hajsat\, CBeCT 0 CMpTH HajMHJIll
jHX H fbeHa COllCTBeHa CMpT y sarplbajy
Majxe - p;ajy oBOj 6anap;H HsyseTUY
Bpep;HOCT.

.6POJAHHUE (PA3.6PAJAJIHUE).
KpaTKa,CTHxoBaHa,yrJIaBHOM,6ecMH
CJIeHa KaSHBalba, KojHMa ce pas6pajajy
y'JeCHHUH y HrpH. CacToje ce HS Haj
'Iemhe HepasYMlbHBHX peqH, pacno
pebeHHX no pHTMY H casBY'Ijy, op;
KOjHX nOCJIe.u;fba, HarJIaWeHa lIMa Moh
op;CTpaH,Hoafba: eH .u;eH .u;HHy capaKa
TlIHY, capllKa THKa TaKa ...

H.M.-"'.

H.M.-"'.

TPKOSH~H.

H;M.-"'.

.6PADA MHJIA./lHHOBUH, B. Mu
JlaOUH08, ~UM.uwpuje u MUJlaOUH08,
KOHcwaHwuH; 360PHUK MUJlaoullo-

8at,a.
.6PAYH, MaKCBMHJJRjsH (Maximilian
Braun, 1903-1984), CJIaBHCT, llpmpecop
CJIOBeHCKe q,HJIOJIOrHje Ha YHHBep
sHTery y reTHHreuy, HCTOpHqap H Teo
peTH'lap KfbHlKeBHOCTH, qJIaH CARY.
TIpoyqaB8 cpncKy. cpe;f.\fbOBeKOBHY
KfbH:lKeBHOCT
(llHcao
0
KOH
CTaHTl'lHOBOM p;eJIY 0 ;f.\ecrroTY CTeia
uy JIasapeBHhy, 1956). HajBelm 6poj
pap;OBa nocBehyje Hawoj YCMeHoj noe
sHjH (CTYp;Hja Kosovo - Die Schlacht

auf d. Armsfelde in Geschichte und

epischer iiberlief!!rung' 06jaB.lbeHa je'
1937). BaBH ce nojMoM CTHJIHSa~je
y Hawoj Hapo;f.\Hoj en~ (Pan KOHrpe
ca q,omOIopHCTa JyroCJ.laBHje, 1958),
llp06JIeMOM CPllcKoxpBaTCKe 6ana.u;e

(Problem der serliokroatische Volks

ballade, Slawische Studien 2, V Inter
national . Slawistenkongres in Sofia
1963); enCKHM neCMaMa: Da:s Serbo
kroatische Heldenlied, Opera Slavica

61,1963..
H.M.-c.

'.

. .6P3AJJHUE~. H~pO';f.\Hli: 'roBopHH

.. H3P~H sa '~a6aBY HJIH OO'>Koy. 3acHH
'Bajy Ce Ha SB)1KOBHOj HJIH Hexa.u; noj
MOBHOj HrpH maCOBa H CJIOrOBa, qHjH
je pacnope.u; Te:lKaK sa HSroBOp, H CKPH
Ba saMxy: qOKaHqHheM hew Me, '10-

EPOJE8H. Bpojefbe, o;f.\6pojasafbe,

Hs6pojasafbe Cpe;f.\CTBa cy MHcaOHe
opHjeHTIlI~Hje. TIosHaTo je .u;a HsseCHH
apHTMeTH'IKH CHCTeMH llPOHCTHqy HS
apxaH'IHHx Ha'IHHa MHWThefba, ;f.\a
npe;f.\CTalllbajy HeKY BPCTY onHlllbHse
Bese HSMej)y 06JIHKa MaTepHje H llCH
xe, H ;f.\a ce q,opMHpajy Kao THllH'IHH sa
noje.u;HHc KyJIType.
Bpoj'eBH HasBaMH CTepeOTHnHHM noja
SThyjy cc saBHCHO o.u; q,YHKUHje KOjy

HMajy y oCTBapHBafbY CYMeHor YMeT

HH'IK()r AeJI'a, oJ.( BpCTe H HaMeHe p;eJIa,

o.u; KYJIrypHor'H HCTopHjCKor pas.u;o6lb8 fberOBOr HaCTaHKa wcpe;f.\HHe, H
;f.\p. BpojellH KOjH ce Hajqewlie ynOTpe6lbaBajy cy 2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 12, 15,30,60,90,
100,300, 1000. TIPH TOM je nOTpe6HO
HS.u;BOjRTH eKCnJIH~HTHy ynoTpe6y
OBHX 6pojeBa O;f.\ H>HXOBe ynOTpe6e y
TeXHH~H KOMn03HUHje, rp;e npeAcr:a
Blbajy SU:lKehH. eCTeTCKH H CMHcaOHH
eJIeMeHT HeKe rpa}lfbe H cpa3Mepe.
Bpoj ABa Kao. ;f.\yaJIHCTH'lKH npHHUHn
llojaBlbyje ce y 'CBHM YCMeHIIM OtTBa~
. pefbHMa 0 ;f.\06py H SJIY (Qap nyKJIH
jaH H KpCTHTeJi, JosaH, pasrosopH
Hel5a H SCMlbe y JIHPCKHM H JIereH;f.\ap
'HHM lleCMaMa, Ha.u;HrpaBaH>e ~aBOJIa H
CBeua y npH'IaMa), y nHTaH>HMa H
'. -D;f.\roBopHMa, y sarOHeTafbY. }lBojHa
CHMeTpHtIHa KOMri03HUHja KapaKTe~
pHCTH'IHa je' sa. lUaJbHBY, npH'Iy, sa
6ajKe HT.u;. 0 .u;06poj naCTOp~ Koja je
HarpabeHa H SJIoj KhepH Koja je Ka
)KfbeHa. TIojaM no6paTHMCTBa 3aCHHBa

38

. ,I
I
!

ce Ha .u;BOjCTSY, Kao H llocecTpHMCTBO.

TIeTHaeCT HeMa lloce6HY yJIory, OCHM

HH3 YBOAHHX opMyJIa, Koje Beft caMe

Kao nonOBHHa O;f.\ 30, HJIH 'IeTBPTHHa

llO ce6H npe.u;cTaBThajy KaHoHHsa~jy

O;f.\ 60, KojH yrJIaBHOM cJI)'iKe .u;a OSHaqe

paTHH'lKY l1paTfby, xajA}"lKY 'leTY,

npHHIJ;Hlla, 3acHHBajy ce Ha 6pojy ABa

([OpOM je3)le .u;Ba MHJIa opajaHa,
opoj nymaKa (TpHjec .u;06PHX p;pyra,
}lsa ce MpKa 3axBaTHJIa: Byxa, }lBHTpH,lleCeT nywaKa BJilHo llHjy IIIe3.u;eje ceje 6paTa He HMaJIe, }lsop6y
ceT CefbUHa).
.u;BOpe .u;Ba JaKllmha MJIap;a).
Bpoj 'IeTHpH Hajtlewhe ce ynOTpe6lba
Bpoj TpH, KaO HajqeWftH 6poj, ynoTpeBa y 03HaKaMa npHpO;f.\HHX nojaBa
6lbaBa ce H y nposH H y lloesHjH (TpH
(BeTpOBa H ;f.\eJIOBa CBeTa, .rOAHwfbHX
6paTa, TpH ~apa, TpH ;f.\aHa, TpH BeTpa,
.u;06a. paj)afba - )lBHje whepH H
tJeTHpH CHHa).
TpH sMaja). TPH p;06pa jYHaKa llOSHaTa cy o.u; KOCOBCKHX necaMa (MHJIOW
Ce;f.\aM je, CMaTpa ce, npOHCTeKao HS
06HJIHIi, HBaH KocaH'IHh, MHJIaH
aHTH'IKe H xpHwhaHCKe CHM60JIHKe. Y
TOllJIHua). npeKO necaMa 0 xaj.u;Y'lKHM
MYCJIHMaHCKHM neCMaMa nOMHfbe ce
H YCKOqKHM .u;py:lKHHaMa (TpH 'JeTe,
ce;f.\aM BJIHWKHX (xpHwliaHCKHX) Kpa
TpH sace;f.\e. TpH 6HTKe), .u;o necaMa
n.ena.
HOBHjHX BpeMeHa, y neCMaMa 0 CBa-,," }lBo~Hq,peHH H.!JOMeHyTH TpO~q,TOSHMa (MJIa;f.\O)Kefba, CTapH CBaT H
peHH 6pojeBH CJIY:lKe npe CBera sa
x}mep60JIHSa~Hjy llpHKaSHBafba BeJIHKYM): Bpoj TpH je nOSHaT H Kao JIHPCKH 6poj (TIoweTaJIe TpH ;f.\eBojKe,
'lIme npOTHBHIi'IKC BojcKe, Kojy.u;OMa
nO:lKeJIeJIe TpH :lKelbe, TPH rO;f.\HHe
liH iyuanH ll06ej)yjy (MapKo Kpa.lbe
KaTe 60JIaH JIe:lKaM). HMa sHa'lajuy
BHIi. Hllp.), HJIH ;f.\)'iKHHy BpeMeHCKor
yJIory y rpa;f.\a~jH, HllP.u;. npBH ceB;f.\aX
nepHop;H (MapKO Cllasa TpH CTOTHHe
paHa. llO.u; cp;f.\aW~eM, .u;pym ceB.u;ax
H.M.-'S.
paHa Ha cp;f.\aw~, TpeliH CeB;f.\aX ~ paHa
y cp.u;a~~. YnoTpe6lbaBa ce Kao
IiPYEPOBHD, MapKo (Marc Briere
Mepa BpeMeHa H Bpe.u;HOCTH '(TpH ;f.\aHa,
Desrivaux, 1'774-1825), CHH $paH
TpH TOBapa 6JIara, p;o TpH Kpne IIJIa
. ~CKor KOHSYJIa y ny6pOSHHKY, KaCHH
THa). TpO'lJlaHa KOMn03~ja TeKCTa
je ;f.\HllJIOMl'}Ta y TpasHHKY,. }ly6pOB~
cna.u;a y Hajy06HqajeHHje H Haj'Jewhe
HHKY H CKa;f.\PY. CaKYIIlba'l HapO;f.\HHX
. ce oCTsapyje C rpa.u;a~joM (TpH llpe
necaMa, llpeBo.u;HJIaU (XacaHarHHH
npeKe, TpH sa.u;aTKa, 'TpH rOfbefba, TpH
ua). TIHcao Ha cprrCKoxpBaTCKOM je
sHaKa). TPH je H HajqewliH MHO)KHJIau,
SHKY JIH.pCKe neCMe, KOMep;Hje, KO
Te ce TaKO .u;06Hjajy 6pojesH 9, 12, 15,
30,60,300.
.
.
JIeHf\e H MawKepeTe. AneH;f.\HHHjy, q,H
JIOJIory, HCTOPH'IaPY H nHC~ KH>H
}leBeT Kao TPOCTPYKO TPOjCTBO 'OAJIH
)KeBHe' HcTopHje.}ly6poBHHKa H IPepH
Kyje ce HHTeHSHTeTOM H jep;HoBpcBO
.liy yerynao sallHce Hapo.u;HHX YMOTBO- ,
Wfty, peTKo CJI)'iKH pas.u;Bajafby, Hepo
pHHa.
TKHfba ce onacyje ca ;f.\eseT nojaca,
P.11.
onawe KaMeH CTaHOSHT, ro HOCH .u;eBeT
M~ce~. }leneTop9 6HJbe CJI)'iKH je
EYfAPmTHUE. EncKe Hapo.u;He rre
;f.\HOj CBpCH - lby6aBHoj MamjH. }leBeT
CMe .u;yror CTHxa, HajCTapHj~ rrOSHaT
6palie JyroB!iha cy jep;Ha riyma H jeAHH
.CTBeH nojaM 'IaCTH H xpa6pOCTH. Bpnj
CJIoj cpnCKoxpBa~Ke yCMeH~ enHKe;
HS )JrnBor I:JapoAHor nesafba HeCTaJIe. y
.u;BaHaeCT TaKo~e npe.u;CTaB.lba YI:JIas
npBQj llOJI. XVIII B. }lo 'Hac cy ;f.\ocpeJIe
HOMj~.u;HHcT!30.: Mo)K.D;a je (3aTq~ rio
.. Crao CTajaliH w~o II y 06HqHOM :lKH
yrJIaBflOM . saXBaJbyjyhH': sanHCHMa'
06paSOBaHHX 'lbYAH rjo npHMQpjy, y
Bory Y EBponH. CJI)'iKH Kao CTaJIlia ue
.u;pyroj nOJI. XVII H no'I. XVITI B.
JIHHa (}leBoj'lHua H .u;BaHaeCT Mece
OJ,y6pOBHHK H BOKa KOTopCKa). Haj
UH, .u;BaHaeCT BJIa.u;HKa, .u;saHaeCT
. cTapHjH IIOSHaTH TeKCTOBH HaIIIHX en
SJIaTHHX TafbHpa).

39

.,-----

r
CKHX HapOAHHX neCaMa nOTH'IY H3 XV
H

XVI

Hnp. 0 6ojeBHM<I IlepawTaHa. JeAaH

]leo 6yrapwTHua oneBa 6ana]lH'IHe
TeMe, He Be3yjylm HX 3a HCTOPHjCKH H
enCKH no:maTe nH'IHOCTH.
BehHHa 6yrapIllTHQH, OC06HTO OHHX
Haj60JbHX, Ay6oKO je npO:lKeTa ocenaj
Howhy, Bpno 'lecTO C TPam'lHOM Ho- '
TOM; OHe cy BHCOKe YMeTHH'IKe Bpe).l
HOCTH. OBe neCMe Y CTapHjHM 3anHCH
Ma Ha3HBajy: 6yzapwhul,a, 6yzapcKu
[la, 6yzapICwba, iijecaH 6yzapcKa, iio
tlujeaKa. Ha3MB ce TyMa'iH Ha BHwe
Ha'lHHa: 0):1 naT. cannen vulgare; 0):1
HTaJI. Poesia volgare; oA Ha3HBa Ey
rapHH HJIH 6yrapHH (nacmp); OA
rJIarOJIa 6yrapHTH - TY:lKHHM rnaCOM
neBaTH. 3ajeAHIl'lKa TeMaTHKa c']le
ceTepa'IKHM neCMaMa: CPO]lHOCT noeT
CKD-H3pa:lKajHHx cpeACTasa, nOCToja
lbe BapHjaHaTa Kao AOKH3 Aa cy yCMe
Hor nocTojalba.
B. MIIICIlOWlI'/, cPpaH11; Eozuwuh,
Balliilaaap.

B.

EyrapwTHQa 0 CH6HlbaHi!.HY JaHKY je,

KonHKO AHHHC 3HHMO, HajpaHHje 3aIIH
CaRa cpncKoxpBaTCKa enCKa HapoAHa
neCMa, rulH caMO Aeo neCMe OA AeceT
CTHXoBa, 0 JaHKoBY p060BalbY y CMe
):IepeBy 1448. OH ce 06paha opny ):IH
npeKo cMeAepeBcKe rocnO):le YMonH
CBeTnora ]:IecnOTa, ]:Ia ra OTnyCTH
H3 TaMHHQe. 3a6ene:limo jy je y jY)KHoj
MTaJIHjH, y rpa):lHhy Doja AeJI Kone, l.
JYHa 1497, Po~epo Ae Ila'lHeHQa (Ro
gero de Pacienza), cKpoMaH neCHHK
KOjH je 6HO y npaTlbH HanYJbCKe
KpaJbHQe M3a6ene Aen Eanuo. Y
cneBY Balcino, 0 )KHBOTY KpaJbH'lH
HOM, KOjH je ):IOCKOpa 680 HeH3AaT,
oneBaH je lbeH nYT AO HanYJba 8 CBe-
'IaHOCT lbOj Y 'IaCT npHpe~eHa. IlecHHK
je 3anHcao H necMY Ha cpncKoxp
BaTCKOM KOjy cy, HrpajyhH, neBanH
HeKaKBH CnoBeHH - HajBepoBaTHHje
H36ernH HcnpeA TypaKa, Her):~e H3 OKO
P. Tl.
nHHe CMe]lepeBa.
~e 6yrapwTHue (0 MapKY KpaJbe
. BY,IJ;AJlUHA TAJlE (oJ: OpaUlQa Ta
BHhy H 6paTY MY AHAPHjawy, Pa):lo
ne). IlonynapaH MYCJIHMaHCKH jYHaK
casy CHBepHHu;y 8 BOjBO):lH BnaTKY
H3 Kpyra KpajHwKHx paTHHKa H3 3a
Y):IHHCKOM), 3a6eJIe)KHO je XBapCKH rre
na]lHe EocHe. He06H'IHOr je H3rne]la,
cllliK IleTap XeKTopoBHh 1555, OA ]lBa
l83H'IKH BeOMa CH3)KaH, Heyrne):lHOr .
pH6apa, IlacKoja ,IJ;e6ellie 8 HHKone
O):lena, Haopy:lKaH Orp.OMHHM TOny30M;
3eTa (Pu6aH,e u pu6apCKo upuio
HMa H3BeCHe QpTe KOMH'IHOr jYHaKa.
aapaH,e, 1568). CTHX 6yrapwTHua je
,IJ;oHeKJIe enCKH naH):IaH KpaJbeBHhy
neTHaeCTepaQ HnH wecHaecTepan;, ca

MapKY:

O):lMOPOM (Qe3YPoM) nocne Ce):lMOr,

p.n:
O):lHOCHO OCMor cnora; 6poj cnoroBa
HHje YCTaJbeH (0):1 12 ]l0 20 cnoroBa).
.
BY,IJ;UM rPA,IJ;. Y HapO):lHoM neBalbY .
,IJ;pyru nonyCTHX je Haj'lewhe oCMepHQ.
Y MHOrHM 6yrapwTHQaMa Hana3HMO
JY)KHHX CnoBeHa, nOKanHTeT KOjH ce
npHneB. - npHJIQ)!<:aK, 06H'IHO 0):1
penaT~BHo 'leCTO. HaBO):lH, rrpen~3ehH
weer cnoroBa, nocne' CBaKor ):Ipyror
peaJI~e oKBHpe reorpalcKor nojMa. Y
CTHXa. TeMaTHKa 6yrapwTHQa 06YXBillYHKQHjH .reorpalcKe O):lpe):lHHQe, Y
enCKHM lleCMaMa' AOBO]lH ce y Be3Y
Ta 36HBalb,e H 'jYHaKe XIV H XV B.,
.1\1apKa KpaJbeBHha,' MHnowa KQ6H'IeCTO t; Kpa~eM MaTHjaweM, ~HnHJIOBHna, KHe3a JIa3apa; KOCOBCKH 60j . nOM MauapJJHOM, .nHn~rrOM ,I(pam-.
(1389; H lber<?Be jYHaKe; 3aTHM yrap- '. noBHh~~, Pei.boM. oA. EY~HMa, H HMa.
CKe jyBaKe;- y''I~CHHKe ]lPyr9r KO- . . ynory nOKanHTeTa rAe ce KyrrH BojcKa'
cOBCKor 60ja (1448): JallKa, CeKYny,
H O]laKJIe 'ce Y 60j rrOna3HnO.
EpaHKoBHhe, JaKIllHhe, MBaHa Kapno
BHha H 3pHHcKor. OCHM necaMa ca

/lu cu 6p:1/(c um) 6y()IIM Ha 80jCICy!

onIllTeHapOAHHM 3Ha'ielbeM, HMa HX H

--------------------~---------~--Koje fleBajy 0 MeCHHM 36HBHlbHMa,

"flo()//:JKe t'(~ KpUJby O() 6yoUJll(l.

40

Y 6yrapIIlTHI~aMa ce nOBe3yje ca CH
6HlbaHHHoM JaHKoM, CeKynoM H CBH
nojeBHheM, Kao H C HeHMeHOBaHHM
6Yj:\HMCKHM KpaJbeM. Y HapoAHHM ne
cMaMH, EY):IHM je 3HHTHO qernhe caMO
neCHH'lKa 03HHKa 3a HeKH Y):IaJbeH,
Hen03HaT, nen H YTDp~eH rpa]l. TaKBY
ynory HMa yrnaBHoM y nHpCKHM Hape
):IBHM necMaMa, Hnp.:
Y 6yOUMy zpaoy 'lyolto 'lYoo ICWKY,

MaTH Haxona CHMeYHa je 6Y]lHMCKH

KpaJbHllJI, Koja ra ca rpa]lH npHMaMH.

Haj'Iernlm, cTajahH enHTeT 3a oBaj

rpa]l je 6l1jellll. 6ell1l E yAHM H Be3yje ce

3a .l1.yIl8n.

Y neCHH'IKoj lYHK~HjH, Ha3HB ODor

rpa):la oApe~yje H HMe ):IeBoja'lKO, Hnp.

EYj:\HMKa ):IjeBojKa, WTO YJla3H H Y CBa

KifAaIlllbC Ha):leBalbe )KeHCKOr HMeHa,

HJlH MOMa'IKO HMe, Hnp. EY]lHMJIHja Jo

BO, Koje ce oceha Kao BpCTa npe3HMeHa

P. Tl.

---------------------------------HeMa Jleuwez 'ipaoa 00 6yoUJll(l,

-------------------~--------------

,>Jfcuoo 6'jeJia 'ipuoa 6yoUMa,

---------------------------------OWKuoe ce Jluba 00 6YOUMCK02 'ipaoa,

---------------------------------"roe zpao 6yoUM zopu 6ea iiJlaMelta ,

Kao H Y 6aJIa):IaMa:
Bulto uuje KpatbY 00 6yoUMa,
-------------------~-~------------

My MU upoce haja 00 6yoUJll(l,

-~--------------------------------

/la ja 8UOUM 6e.!UJzu 6yoUJll(l"

-- --- --.------ ------ --- --":'------ ...... :

Y 6ana):laMa C npaCTapHM HapaTHBHHM
TeMaMa, Kao 0 3MHjH' Mna):lO:lKelbH,
HenpHpO):laH nopOA fSal)ajy KpaJb H
KpaJbHQa 6Y):lHMCKH; HnH 0 HHQecry,

BYTYPOBU11., nenana (po~eHa

1934), KIhH:lKeBHH HCTOpH'lap. EaBH ce
H3Y'IaBalbeM HapO]lHe noe3Hje C Tepe
Ha EOCHC H Xep~eroBHHe. HajDenH
):leo lheHUX pacrrpaBa O]lHOCH ce Ha
np06neMaTHKY MycnHMaHcKHX Hapo):l
HHX necaMa H3 CTapHjHX 36HPKH, lbH
XOBO nopcKJIo H oco6eHoCTH y O):lHOCY
Ha cpncKoxpBaTcKY Hapo):lHy noe3Hjy.
IlpHpe]:lHJla (c X. KplbeBHh H lb.
3YKOBHhcM) H360p TeKCTOBa Hapoona
ICH,llJlCeSHociii. ~ EocaHcICo-xepI4eioaa
'1Ka ICH,llJlCeaHa xpeciiloMaiiluja (1972)
11 H360p CTy):IHja HapooHa ICH,U
JlCeaHociii (1974), c. B. IiaJIHBeCTpoM'
M3):1ana je KPHTH'IKH 11 CKOMeHTapHMa
HapooHe iijecMe MyclluMaHa E!4:X,
I-II. KOCTa Hormann (1976).
P.ll.

41

..

__

~,_" A!&ii:lllOI"""'~""""' ~~';;::-~':':

11

I!
"

'i

'I

"

d
II

II'I

BAMCTMHA. Cnyra y encKoj neCMH

BAJIBA30P, MBaH Janel BajKapA
. ,:/1 1
(1641-1693), cnoBeHa<JKH rrOllHXH
o laKaCHe]JOM KOCOBCKOM jYHaKY My
I
,!
cHlly CTeBaHY. no jeAHoj npeTIlO
CTOpHK. OOpa30B<'llbe CTeKao y je3YHT
CKOj rHMHa3HjH y JbyOJbaHH. MHoro
CTaBU:H OBO HeOOH~IHO HMe rrOTH'Ie OA
!
nOHMeHH'IeHOr rrOTBpAHor rrpH1l0ra
nYToBao rro AYCTPHjH, HeMa'iKoj,
!
4>paHl\yCKOj, IhallHjH, CeBepHoj Acp
Ba (y) HCTHHH; no Apyroj, TO je cno
pHIUl. 0):1 1672. nOCBeTHO ce H3Y<Ja
BeHCKH npeBOA pOMaHCKor HMeHa
BalbY AOMalmx KpujeBa, Kao TepeHCKH
Ommep. Y oyraplllTHu;H ca HCTOM Te
HCTpa}J{HHa'l, nYTHHK, apxHBap, Boj
MOM Cllyra EYl1mlla CTjerraHa lOBe ce
HHK, KOJIeKu;HoHup. H3Aao HeKOJIHKO
O]JHBep.
p,n,
3HU'IajHHX 30HPKH oUKpope3a 0 Kpa.l:b

CKoj, KOPYWKOj. Huj3Ha<JajHHje lbero

BAJAH, AHApe (Andre Vaillant,

BO Aeno je Die Ellre der Hertzog
1890-1977), cppaHu:ycKH CllaBHCTa,
thums Krahl (C.tIa6a 6oj6oocili.6a

KllaCH'IHH cpHll01l0r H pOMaHHCT, rrpo

KpalbcKe) , HHpHoepr, 1689, Koje je

cpecop ~apO~1l0BeHCKor H,cpncKo

ooraTO HllYCTPOBUHO H Y KOMe HMa HH3

xpBaTcKor y Ecol~ nationale des lan

Aparou:eHHX 'rrO]{aTaKa H3 eTHorpacpH

gues orientales, Ecole pratique des

je, eTH01l0rHje H HapoAHe KlbH}J{eBH0
Hautes EtudesH College de' France,
. CTH. EIio je 'l1laH (1687) nOHAOHCKOr

HaClleAHHK A. MaloHa. YpeAHHK

Kpa1beBCKOr APYl1rrBa (Royal Socie

Revue des Etudes Slaves. ,I(oKTop

ty).
CKY Te3y"Je3uK l1.oMUftKa 3.t1ailiapuha
H.M.-'S,
3anO'leO y ,BeorpaAY, Kao H '1YBeHY
TpaMaili.uKY CpaCK~xp6aili.cKoi je3uKa.
B~JbAnEU, MaTHja Kpa'lMaUOB
nHCaU. HH3a KlbHra H3 o6naCTH Hawer
(1831-1897), KH,H}J{eBHHK, KllaCH'IHH
je3HKa, H3AaBa<J cpeAlbOBeKOBHHX TeK
qlH1l01l0r, cnUBHCT, CPOJIK1l0pHCT. llllaH
CTOBa Ha KOMnapaTHBHoj OCHOBH C
iyroCJIUIlCHCKC uKuAeMHje, npOcpecop
rp~IKHM, naneocnaBHCT. Y npBOM CBeT
rHMHa3Hje. CaKYI11baO HapOAHe neCMe
CKOM paTY OOPHO ce Ha COnyHcKOM
H npHnoncTKe f3Hu'lajHa AHjaneK3TcKa
CPpomy..
30HpKa Hapoofte ii'Pliiio6jeili.Key Ba-'
Ih Hawe HapOAHe KlbH}J{eBHOCTH
paJicollfty It OKO.tlIll(/I, 1858,21890). 06
oojaBHo 30HpKy necaMa Les chams
jaB1bHBa6 tPOllK1l0PHCTH'IKl') CTYAHje
epiques des Slaves dll; Sud, napH3 . (0 pojeftlll(ax II cyjeftUl{aX, 1865),
1932. nHWe 0 rreCMaMa 0 MapKY
pacnpaBe H3 npHMopcKe H cpe)i;
, KpaJbeBHhy (Marko Kraljevic e~ la
lboBeKoBHe KlbH}J{eBHOCTH, CPHJl01l0W
Revue des Etudes Slaves 1928,
Ke CTYAHje. Je):laH je OA YTeMeJbHBa'la
VIII, Marko Kraljevic et, son /rere
C1l0BeHa'IKe. <pH1l0JIOrHje; flpuH;oc K
Andrijas, Melanges Henri Gregoif{f,.I~
Haz.tlacy ,y (,fDeo)cil06eftcicoM jeauKY,
1878-1895. 'liecMe KOj~ je caM HanHcaO
'Bruxelles 1949), 0 lliyrnu;H EommY (Y'.
!lOA YTHu:ajeM cy HapOAHe' rro.e3Hje:
Melanges Jules Legras, 1939), 0 Xaca
HanIHHU:H (Vuk Karadzic et l' Ha
pOMaHTH'lapcKH HaU:HoHa:JIHH en, H3
sanaginica, Revue des Etudes Sla
TypCKHX BpeMeHa, Zora in solnce
ves 1939, XIX).
(1867).

j.

I.

I', .

.:-.

'

..

.vila;

H.M-'B.

H.M-D.

43

_~_=J:<="'~~~-~~~':'"""

(6YIWOJlaK, BjeoO'iOfba,
KOOJlaK, iUeHall, Jla.M.iiup, 60UUP, HTA.).

BAMDHP

MpTBa~, rpeluliliK H 3JIo6liliK, KojH ce

HenpeCTaHo BpaDa 113 3arpo5HOr ~11
BOTa Metjy npHna),"(HHKe cBoje 3aje),"(
lilin;e (nopoAHn;e, 3a),"(pyre, Kpaja). 3a
MillIIJha ce y JhYACKOM oGnHKY. AalbY
MHpyje, Hony qHHH 3no, HeCTaje y 30py.
MO)Ke ce TpaHc<popMHcaTH y npeA
MeTe, )KHBOTHlbe, H3rneAaTH Kao Mex.
lbYAH ra ce oCJl06atjajy nOMony KpcTa,
6ymelbeM rnOrOBHM KOn;eM H CnaJbH
BalbeM. BaMnHpOBHn, lberOB CHH (po
geH H3 lberOBe nOCMpTHe nonHe Be3e.
ca )KeHOM) llaKO ra y6Hje.
llpeAcrase 0 lbeMY n03HaTe cy y
MHOrHM pellHrnjcKHM CHCTeMHMa 0),"(
HajcTapHjHx speMeHa AO AaHac, H
AOCTa cy XeTeporeHe H BapHpajy He
caMO 0),"( Hau;Hje AO Han;Hje Hero H OA
penHrnje AO pellHrnje. llPBH nHCaHH
no),"(aTaK 0 BepoBalbY y BaMnHpe KOA
Cp6a n03HaT je H3 XIII B. HMa npeT
nOCTaBKH Aa je caM TepMliH BaMnHp OA
Cp6a npoApo Y 3ana),"(HY EBPOny.
BepoBalbe y SaMnHpe YMeTHHqKH. ce
opnHKyje Ben y AeMOHOllOmKHM npe
AalbHMa. YrnaBHOM npeACTaBJha Hnyc
TpaI:(Hjy caMHX KapaKTepHCTHKa BaM
nHpa, onHC lberOBor nOHamaH:.a y
aYTeHTHqHOM cycpeTY C lbHM (T.
'BoptjeBHh, CE3, 1953, LXV1; M.E.C.,
l1ciUapcKe HapooHe iipu'le, C. 3eqe
BHh, MuiUcKa 6uha CpUCKUX iipeoafba,
1981), anH MO)Ke 6HTH y OCHOBH H
ApyrHX BeOMa pa3BHjeHHX npeAaH:.a H
npHnoBe):laKa. pa3nHqHTitx' THnOBa,
Hflp. npeAalba 0 JIeHopH, 0 MPTBOM
n06paTHMY KOjH ce Bpaha nOCJle ),"(yror
speMeHa. y' BenHHH. npeoBllat)yje
cTpax H HenarO):lHOCT OA cycpeTa' C
MpTBan;eM (yn. M. Ban,aBen;, HapooHe
. upuuoBjeoKe 21890; JaB9P 187~,.
1045-1050 JIMC, 1884, CXXXVII,
.' ~1S-120. QrpoX;aJ;I I, I~, 'Ill, HTA). Y
6anaA~cri MpTBOM 6pary; 0):1. nOHama:'
.
'IM BaMnHpa 'oCTaje' caMO ),"(H3albe 'H3
rpo6a, 0}:(ll;i3aK6Hhy H3 lberoBe 3aje),"("
HHn;e (OI~Ae ceCTpH). KBanHTaTHHHa
TpaHcn03Hn;Hja je nOTnyHa. Jby6as
A06Hja MarnjcKY Moh, jaqy 0):1 3J1a. Y
HosBjHM 3anHCHMa npeAaH:.e npepaCTa

y maJbHsy npH'Iy, rpa),"(ellll XyMOp,

'leCTO HIl OIlHOCY MpTaB My)K H HeBepHa
)KeHa KOjll I'a O),"(Max 3a60paBH.
H.M.-'S.

BAHTEKCTOBHH EJlEMEHTII
CPOJlKJlOPHOr nEJIA. BeoMa llIH
POK, pa3HollHK nojaM KOjH ce pa3Ma
Tpa 06WIHO napallellHO ca CTpYKTYPOM
TeKCTa. Ha nojMY BaHTeKCTOBHHX Be3a
noce6Ho ce HHcHcTHpa nOClle):llbHx
Aen;eHHja y OKBHPY CTpYKTypallHCTH'I
KMX M ceMHOTCKHX npoyqaBalba YCMe
He KlbM)KeBHOCTH, Kao H TeopHje KOMy
HHKaunje. Y OKBHPY npHpo;t\He KOMy
HMKan;Mje OAHOCH ce Ha Be3Y H3B09aq CJlymallaI\ M O'6PH'jT0, Ha pen;enunjy
Aella OA CTpaHe CJlymaon;a, Ha HHBO
npeACTalm Koje cllymallan; HMa Aa 6M
Morao l~ellO npHXBaTHTH, ami H Ha
n;eny 06yxBaTHY cMTyaI:(Hjy npH'Jalba
HJIH neBalba (reCT, MHMHKa, MelloAHja,
nnec, HTA.).
H.

M.~li.

BAPAJIHUE.
nOABpCTa KpaTKe
maJbM~e npHnOBeTKe (TepMliH YBOAM
ByK Bp'leBHh 1868). JIaKH xyMOp ce
y06llH'lana y MHcaoHoj HrpH n03HaTor
H jacHor (3a cllymaoua H BapanHn;y) H
Hen03HaTOI' H HejacHor (3a npeBape
Hor). lloeHTa je y TaqKH npeceKa
pa.3llM'IHTHX TOKOBa MMCJlH H TpeHYTKa
carneAanalba npeBape. OA raTanHn;e ce
pa3llHKyje 110 TOMe lllTO ce He caCTojH
OA AHjanora Ben 0):1 Hapan;Hje: n;ap
30BHe HacpaAHHa Xouy 0 KOMe je 'ryo
),"(a je BellMKH npeBapaHT, Aa IIpeBapH H
lbera. Xoua My 3aTpa)KH KOlla H KOlbe,
All ):IOHeCe 'Bapalla' (H HHKaA KOlla He
BpaTH).
I:LM.-i.

BAPHJAHTA (11.cio TO caMO' Man'o

),"(pYK'J~je) .. llojaM Bapnpli" 3aBHCHO 0):1,

,cxsaTalba Te9PHjCKHX npariau;a l:I3)rqa-.

saH:.CI <pOllKnopa, anH ce csytAe MCTH'Ie
sapHjmITHOCT' Kao cyinTHHCKa ooo6e
HOCT YCMeHe YMeTHOCTH pe'JH. KapaK
TepHCTlf'laH je H ASOCTPYKH TpeTMaH
1I0jMa HnH Kao aaBllCHe TBOpeBHHe OA
HeKe APyre OA Koje Ilpe'j3HMa CTp'jK

lllKOJlH, KOjoj peKOHCTpYKI:(Hja IlpaBa

TypHe HJlH CH)KejHe oc06eHOCTH, HllH
pHjaHTe lIoCTaje I'naBHH UHJh YKlIalba
Kao pellaTHBHO HeaaBUCHOZ YMeTHH
lbeM Te)KHlllTa C reHeTH'JKHX Be3a,
qKOr OCTBapelba y OAHOCY Ha APYry
nojaM BapHjaHTe ce He Be3yje 3a nOHa
TBopesHHY Ha HCTOj xHjepapxHjcKoj
BJhalLe YBeK HCTHX MOTHBa, Deh 06y
JleCTBHn;H. KO):l BYKa HaWla3HMO ynpa
XBaTa AHHaMH'IKO CMelbHBalbe MOTHBa
BO Ha 06a IlojMa: JeAHH IljecaMa
H.CKJlOIlOBe MOTHBa paBHOIlpaBHHX
pa3J1ft'JHO IljeBaIt..e no HapoAY, 1I0Ka3Y
Me!)y C060M. KOjH 'JHHe OCHOBHY
je o'JeBHAHo, ),"(a CBe njecMe HHjecy
BapHjaHTY, HllH BapHjaHTY - 01l03H
OAMa (y npBOM IlO'JeTKY CBOMe)
I:(Hjy, Koja ce IlpH6J1M)KaBa CTpYKTypa
IlOCTaJle OHaKBe KaKse cy, Hero jeAaH
llHCTH'IKOM WIn Mop<POJIOmKOM npH
IlO'JHe H caCTaBH lllTO, KaKO OH 3Ha, Ila
CTyny. 3a CTpYKTypaJlHCTHqKH npH
IlOCJlHje H)'"(yhH OA YCTa AO yCTa, paCTe H
CTyn nojsM BapHjaHTe He),"(eJbHB je OA
KHTH ce, a KalllTO ce H YMaJbyje H

IlojMa CM>Kea. YKOJIHKO y je),"(HOM Ka3H

KBapH... MO)Ke 6HTH Aa cy OBaKBe

BSH:.Y (HUp. y 5ajUH) A0 ge ):to H3MeHe

g eKoje IljeCMe 0 jeAHoM ),"(ora9ajy OA

caMO jeAHor MOTHBa, ):I06Hja ce pa3mf

pa3J1HqHH JbYAH pa3llH'JHe H IlOCTa

'IIfTa BapHjaHTS. YKonHKO Aot)e ),"(o.npo

lle.. (llpeArosop IlPBOj KlbH3H najn

MeHe BHUle MOTHBa, A06Hja ce Pa3JIH

unlllKor H3),"(alba, 1823).

'IHT CH)Ke. Y cymTHHH (IlO llpony,

YO'JaBalbe H caKYIlJbaH:.e BellHKor

HIlp.) TO je IlHTalbe cBoljelba KBanHTe

6poja BapHjaHaTa. Kao npeTxo):lHHn;a H

Ta y KB<lHTHTeTe. Te 5H ce Hnp. n;eJla

IloAcTHuaj
npoY'JaBalbY lbHxosor

BpCTa Morlla IlOCMaTpaTH Kao JIaHan;

IlopeKlla, AOSO):lH ),"(0 HAeje 0 >>flpa<pop

BapHjaHIlTa.
MH (npasapHjaHTH) Kao HajCTapHjeM
C IlpenaCKOM C IlOCMaTpalba rOTOBor
o6.nHKY H3 Kora cy CBe cpO):lHe sapH
OCTBapelba - <ponKJIOpHOr AeJla, Ha
jaHTe nOTeKJIe, HllH ),"(0 Tparalba 3a
Ilpon;ec H,erOBor CTsapalba, nojaM sa
Haj6llH)KHM Henocpe):lHHM H3BOPOM
pHjaHTe lIoCTaje AHHaMH'JKa je1{HHHn;a
~aBaOn;eM, qHje ce nopeKllO He HCTpa
(B. .1ealtKU Z060p), H3je):lHaqaBa ce C ..
)K'jje, 6HJlO y IIHcaHoj HllH YCMeHoj 1m
nojMoM HMIlpOBH3an;Hje. CBaKa 06jeK
TepaTypH, CTpaHoj Hnn Hamoj. Tpa
THBH3 aunja je IlO jeAHa BapHjaHT~ ):lena
rSlbe 3a Ilpa<POPMOM, 3aBHCHO OA
'H y CTsapM je HenOHOBlliHBa.
npHcryna (B. ApxeiUuu, MuiUoJloUlICa
H, M.-'S.
iUeopuja, Muzpall!loHa iUeopuja) Be3Y
je ce 3a HCTpa)KHBaH:.a nopeKJIa MOTH
BACHJlH'IAPCKE DECME. nHp
Ba, Ilpe06llHKOBaIt..e u):Ieja H lbHXOBHX
CKe 06peAHe lIeCMe, 'IlO CMP)KllHH H
HocHJlan;a'y OKBHPY cH)Kea (B. paAOBe
CJIH'IHe KOlle),"(apCKHM (TepMliH
r. KpeKa, 'HllapHOHa Pysapn;a, H. HaMeHH
YBeo,K'j3MaH A. IllaIlKapes). Y MaKe
PaAeTHna, H. HO),"(Hlla, AeJlOM B. Ja
. AOHHjH ce neBajy Ha HOBY rO):lHHY...
mna HTA.).
H.M.-D.
Ha TparalbY 3a Haj6llM)KHM HeIlocpe),"(
HHM AasaoueM, HllH I:LITO je jom 'Jemjie, .

BACH~EB}lnt MHoApar (1903

Ha YKaSHSaH:.Y CJlH'JHOCTH MOTHBa, H

1963), M'j3HKollor, npo<pecop MY3H- .

CM)Kea, 6e3 HCTHn;alba npHOpHTeTHOC

'IKe aKal\eMHje y Eeorpa):\'j; 3allHCaO

TH noqraHKa, 3aCHl1Ba ce n;ella Hallla

OKO 4000 HapoAHHX ~ellO):lHja H TeK

KOMnapaTHBHa lllKona, llPHll03H .0Be

CTOBa llflpCkHX Ile'~aMa; ca6pa~ no

.BpCTe npeACTaBJbajy .'JHTa.Be mmeKce

KOCOBY ,H Me:rpxHjH, MaKeAoHHjH,

'l'}apHjaHaT8. TeMaTcKD-CH)KejIia Hc'rp~
)KHBalb'a ~Ky IlpeBaCXOAHO y npaB~', ' CSHuaKy., 'U;PHpj ,n~pH, ''1 'Kpajy OKO
'neCK'oSI\U H y. KpymeBa'lKoJ )Kynn,
nopeg elb.a ca CTpaHOM KlbM)KeSHomhy;
yrllaBHOM y speMeHY 0):1 1948. AO 1958.
YCMeHOM H nHcaHOM.
06jaBJbeHO je .BHme KlbHI'a lberoBHX
HAeja 0 TlIDy Kao OKOCHHun CM)Kea
3anHca (.JyzOCJlOBeHCKu .M.Y3U'lKU OJl
reHeTn'JKH . nOBe3aHHX Ka3HBaH:.a IlO
KJlOp) Oil 1950-1965,y H3AalbY MY3H
ceGHo Aona3H AO H3pa)Kaja y <pHHCKOj
45

"..-.

44
._~

w _ _ _

KOJIOllIKOr HHCTHTYTa CAHY. Me9Y

ca6paHHM rreCMaMa HMa HajBHllIe J1HP
cK~Jhy6aBHHX, CBaTOBCKHX, 3aTHM
nO'lallIHHQa, JKeTeJIa'lKHX, MHTOJIO
llIKHX, OOJKHliHax, AOAonCKHX, npno
pyllIKHX H ycnaBaHKH. MaJIH je 6poj
3anHcaHHX 6aJIa):la.

Cepecy. 06jaBlw rrpBY 36HPKY MaKe

J1HPCKHX HapoAHHx necaMa
(Ee'l, 1858) H HapooHe UeCM.e MaICe
OOHCICUX 5yzapa, I, 1860. TIpHKynHo
36HPKY HapoAHHx npHrrOBe):laKa Kao H
MHCTH<pHKoBaHY 36HPKY enCKHX Ha
pO):lHHX rrecaMa MaKeAOHCKHX Cno
BeHa.
p.n.

llIH nocne Tpeli.er enora, y 3aBHCHOCTH

Aa JIH cy CTorre TpoxejcKe llIH AaK
THJICKe (aCl:IMeTpH'lHH). CnJXOBH OA
ce):laM CJlOrOBa MOry HMaTH OAMOP llIH
noene 'leTBpTOr, HJIH noene Tpeher
CJIora; CTHX nHpCKHx necaMa on AeceT
enoroBa HMa YBeK onMOp (Qe3YPY)

noene rreTOr enora, nB. CHMeTpH'lHH,

BeOMa 'leCTH, JIHPCKH neceTepan.

BEPOBAlbE. <POJlKJIOpHa rpa9a Koja

ByK H3HOCH npHMepe CTHXOBa y

nHpcKHM neCMaMa 0):1 jenaHaeCT enoro
Ba, C MoryfiHM Qe3ypaMa rrOCJ1e 'leTBp
Tor, OAHOCHO OCMor cnora; 3aTHM
IIpHMepe cTHXa 0):1 TpHHaeCT CJ10rOBa,
ca Qe3ypOM noene OCMor enora, Kao
mTO je KOA CTHXOBa 0):1 'leTpHaeCT eno
rOBa. 3a CTHXOBe OA rreT H OA meCT
cnorOBa HCTH'le Aa HeMajy Qe3YPY
(OAMOp).
CllIa6H'IKY CTpyKTYPY HallIer Hapo
AHor CTHxa npoy'laBaO je T. MapeTHIi..
Pa3BHjajyli.H BYKOBa 3anax<al-ba, OH
neJlH CTl:IXOBe Ha jeoHottilaHe ('leTBep
QH, neTepQH H llIeCTepQH) 6e30AMopa;.
oaO~llaHe, KOjH HMajy BmIle OA meCT
~JIoroBa, C jeAHHM OAMOPOM Ha CTaJI~
.HOM MeCTY (Hajq~llIli.e cy OCMepQH
CHMeTplPIHH, HnH aCHMeTpH'lHH y

nHpCKoj rroe3HjH, H AeceTepQH - CHMe

TpH'lHH, y nHpcKoj noe3HjH, a aCHMe
TpH'ltfH, TpOxejcKH, y errcKoj rroe3HjH;
.3HaTHO cy pe9H Me9Y J-'(BO'lnaHHM CTH
XOBHMa ceI:(MepQH, ca OAMOPOM rr?ene
'leTBpTOr enora, 3aTHM neaerepQH ca
OAMOPOM rroene q'eTBpTor; H jeAaHaec
TepQH, ca OAMOPOM nOCJIe rreTora
enora); H Ha w.poiulaHe CTHXOBe, C'ABa
O~Mopa Ha YTBPgeHOM MeCTY, KOjH cy
3HaTHO pe9H Y Hamoj HapO):lHoj noe3H
jH (rrOHeKH ):IeCeTepQH, jeAaHaeC'repQH,
ns8HaeCTepQH, TpHHaeCTepQH H 'leTp
Hae~epQH KOjH cy enolKeHH on OCMep<\Qa Ii llI~CTepaQa). .
.
OnMOp iIa Kpaj)" C:THXa je YCTaJheH,
CTHX lCao- H nonyC'l'FlXOBH Y errCKHM
AeceTep~a .H Y CHMeT-PH'IHHM. CTH-.
XOBHMa y'orrllITe~ 'lHHe' YBeK CHHTaK
CH'lKy QenHHY, Te He nocTojH T3B.
OnKOpa'lefbe y' CrHXoBHMa. TIo pac
rrope~y aKll;eHaTa HapOAHH cy CTHXOBH

~OHCKHX

p.n

BEJlIiYJKl(. CTapo HMe 6yrapcKor

rpMa 1iYCTeHAllIa, rAe ce 28. jyna
1330. O):lHrpana Ben6YllIKa 6HTKa,
H3Me9Y cpncKe BojcKe nO):l Cre<paHoM
.ue'laHCKHM H 6yrapcKe, nO):l MHxaH
nOM IlIHllIMaHoM, a 3aBpllIHJIa ce nopa30M Eyrapa. MYTHO celi.afbe Ha OBY
6HTKY Ca'lYBaJIa je HapOAHa enCKa
neCMa EaH MHJIYTHH H .uYKa Xep
QeroBaQ (BYK. II130). Koja je H jeAHa
OA peTKHx rAe ce Qap CTe<paH .uYllIaH
Be3yje 3a BepO):lOcTojHH HCTOPHjCKH
Aora9aj. HHTepHaQHOHaJIHa TeMa 0
HeBepHoj JKeHH, KOjy OABOnH JhY6aBHHK, nOK joj je MYJK y paTY, YMeT
HH'lKO je TKHBO HcnneTeHO OKO ):Iora9 aja.
p.n.

llpaw.ulla 6paha / CM.UJbY oeaojlC)'.

cna):la Y TpaAHQHjy HAeja. l.JBPCTO

nOBe3aHO ca 06H'JajHMa, HCnOJhaBa ce
Y fbHMa nOBOAOM p0gefba, cBaA6e,
CMpTH, 60JIecTlI, paTapcKHX paAfbH;
TYMa'lH KOCMH'IKa 36HBafba. 06JIHKyje
ce Y MHToJlorHjH H peJlHrnjH, y OI\HOCH
Ma CHna H JhynH. Y oKBHpe HapOnHe,
YCMeHe KfbHJKeBHOCTH AOJIa3H caMO
YMeTHH'IKO-Bep6aJIHa HHTepnpeTaQHja
BepOBaI-bH. Haj'IellIhe Kao OCHOBa npe
nafbHMa, JlereHJl,HMa, 06peAHoj H 06H
'lajHOj JlHPHQH, HT):I. Y CBOjOj nOneJlH
npeAafba' BYK je AeMOHOJIOllIKO rrpe
Aafbe Ha:mao BjepoBafbHMa y cTBapH
KojHjex HeMa.
H. M.-1l.

BEPCH(JHKAUHJA HAPO.IJ;HHX
nECAMA. TIpeAMeT H3Y'laBaH,a KO):l

BE?.IDKHA OPHtJA. Ha3HB 3a YCMe

Hy KOMn03HQHoHY cxeMY Y HapoAHO;

Hac nO'IeB on 3Ha'lajHHx BYKOBHX

3anaJKafba y llpeozoaopy npBoj KfbH3H
necaMa (1823), Kao H paHHx enen6eHH
Ka Ha TOMe noeny (n. EepHh, JIeulO
tltlC MC, 1829. 1830, .11331). BYKOBa
3arraJKafbH THtly ce CTHXOBa jYHa'lKHX
(errcI(Hx) necaMa Ha rrpBOM MeCTy, 3a
Koja ce HCTH.'Ie Aa cy OA ):IeCeT enorOBa,
HnH rreT TpoxejcKHX' CTOrra, ca
On~OpOM . (Qe3y.POM) . rrOCJIe ):Ipyre.
CTorre, Tj. 'leTBpTor enora, Y3 rrpHMe):l
. 6y na ce y rOBOpy H y rreBafbY ):I:Yx<HHe
YBeK He nOKJIarrajy:

KfbHJKeBHOCTH. TIoHaBJhafbeM HCTor,

HeruTo H3MeibeHor MOTHBa, npH'la
nOCTaje. BHllIeerrH30):lH'lHa H npH6-.
JIHJKaBa ce 6pojaHHQaMa. Haj'lellIli.e ce
npHMefbyje Y npH'lH 0 JKHBOTHlbaMa.
)l(HBOTHfbH rrYTHHKy ce npHAPYJKyje
no 0l\pegeHOM. pacnopel\Y HH3 JKHBO
THfba. a 3aTHM ce ):IpYJKHHa oCHna. 1 y
CTHXOBHOM 06JIHKY. TaK0ge ce 'leCTO
TH'le JKHBOTHfba. ~JIyJKH Haj'lellIli.e
Ae'ljoj 3a6aBH.
H:M.-1l.

50JICe. M.WlIl / ttyoa aellUKoza!

l.Yn. "IajKaHoBHh, CH111927. 61" 2. 6p. 9; B)'K.

. nupiio8ujeUil<e 6p. 63.

BEPKOBI.fa, . CTe+au (i..821-1893),

. 'caKynJha'l . HapOI\HHX 'YMOTBopHHa,'
cTapHx pYKonHca KfbHra Ii' HOBQa,
rrpHCTaJIHQa HnHpcKor rroKpeTa, po. I\OM H3 60CaHCKe TIocaBHHe. 06aBJhaO
nOBepJhHBe noenOBe 3a cpncKY BJIaAY Y

46

0):1 JKeHCKHX (JIHPCKHX) necaMa'HaBO- "

. AH K80 .Haj6pojHHje CTHXOBe. on o~aM .
ciIOrOBa, C Qe3ypoNf Ha cpenH1:l'H l::THi~~
Tj. n9ene '):Ipyre cTorre (CHMeTj:>H'lHH):. ~

PaHo paHIl / ojeaoj~mlla, .

OnMOp MOJKe 6HTH H nOCJIe neTora
enora:

flopaHII paHo I Ha MOy,

Haj'lellIhe TpoxejcKH HJIH TpoxejcKo

-naKTHnCKH.

H3Y'laBHfba CTpyKType Hamer Hapo

nHOr CTJoIxa YKa3yjy na je BepcmpHKa

QHja HamHX rrecaMa IIO jenHHM HCKJhY

'lHBa cHJla6H t lKa, ca YTBp~eHHM 6po

jeM enorOBa H YCTaJheHHM Qe3ypaMa,

rro I\pyrHMa, naK, y CTHXOBHMa ce
H3pax<aBa H no H3BeCHe Mepe H TOHCKa
3aKOHHTOCT, Te nojeAHHl:I cnorOBH
rrpHBJIa'le Ha ce6e aKQeHTe, llITO CTHxy
):Iaje cHJla6H'IKO-TOHCKH KapaKTep.
CHJIa6H'IKH KapaKTep je BHme H3pa
JKeH y errCKOM neceTepQY, rra H Y npy
rUM CTHXOBHMa, Te ce fberOB IIpHHQHrr
OApJKaBH eJlH3HjaMa H APYrHM CKpa
li.efbHMa H rrpOIllHpefbHMa pe'll:l.
TOHCKH je KapaKTep H3paJKeHHjH y
errCKoj Iloe3HjHhyror CTHXa, y 6yrap
llITHQaMH, rAe ce CTHX Kpeli.e 0):1 14 AO
20 CJ10rOBa H rne ce rJIaBHa Qe3ypa,
Kao H crropeAHe, jaBJhajy npeMa nYJKH
HaMa y CTHXy. EyrapllITHQe ce OnJIH
Kyjy H OC06HTOM 'BPCTOM, HCTHHa,
HeYCTaJheHHX cHHTaKCH'lKo-cTpO<pH'l
Hl:IX QeJlHHa (y BeJJHKOj pa3HOJIHKOCTH
KOA nojeAHHHx 3arrHca), Koje KapaK~
-repH11.le i"ipIIIlOJICaIC H fberOB OnHOC
.rrpeMa CTHXOBHMa. rreCMe.

H3Y'IaBafbeM BepcH<pl:IKaQHje. H Me
TpHKe 'HHllIe Hapo):lHe noe3Hje 6aBHJIH
cy ce: B. TIaQeJh, B. Jaruli., JI. 3HMa, M.

IlIpenen, T. MapeTHh, CB. MaTHli., A.

BajaH, P. JaK06cOH, K. TapaHOBCKl:I, II.

CJIaMHl:Ir, Ill. BY'IeTHIi., M. <ppaHH'le

BHIi., H. TIeTKoBHIi., CB. TIeTpOBHh, )1(".
PyJKHh, M. TorrHIi. H ):Ip.
p.n.

BEPCKE nECME. BpCTa nHpCKHX

HapOAHHX rreCaMa y KojHMa ce HCKa3Y
je KaKBO nepcKO oceli.afbe, penHrHjcKo-MOpaJIHa IlOYKa; MOnHTBa Ren. Beh je
BYK 3ana3HO Aa HX HMa M.UW.OIlOUJ:ICUX
H xpuUlhaHCICIIX. MHTonOllIKe. necMe
ca' eneMeHTHMa npeTxplflnli.aHcKHx
peJIltn!jcKHX CHc:reMa rreBajy 0 ll~llaMa, .
3Maj~Bl:IMa. He6eckH~ .TenHMa: CYHQY, . .
M~ceQY, 3Qe3naMa KojHMa <:e ilpHnHCY
jy JhYACKa cBojCTBa, a H' TajaHCTBeHa
Moh Koja YTH'Ie Ha Jhy):lCKy cyn 6HHY. Y

n060JKHHM rreCMaMa rreBa ce 0 KPaJhY

47

He6eCKOM, 0 XPHCT)', BOroPO]:lHQH,

noje]:lHHHM CBeQHMa II. antieJIHMa.
TIoneny HHje Moryhe nOCJleAHo cnpo
BeCTH, jep C~ Memajy MHTOJlOmKe
npe]:lCTaBe C xpHllIliaHCKHM Y'IelbHMa,
KaHOHCKHM II. anOKpH<pHHM, a Y XPHIlI
haHCKHM BepCKHM neCMaMa HaJIa3HMO
MHora MHTOJIOIliKa H naraHCKa CXBa
Talba. CBe cy neCMe, yrJIaBHOM, CTBa
pami QpKBeHH JbY]:IH; KO]:l npaBOCJIaB
HHX HIDKe CBeIllTeHCTBO, ~aQH MaHa
CTHpcKH H nOCJlyra, Te ce y OBHM nec
MaMa H3pa)KaBa HapO]:lY 6JIH)Ke, <pOJIK
JIOPHO CXBaTalbe peJIHrHje, Hnp. 0 Bo
ry Kao CTapelllHHH ]l;OMa. KaTOJIH'IKO
CBelIITeHCTBO Beh 0]:1 cpe]l;lber BeKa
HacTojH ]:Ia peJIHrn03HO Y nyqKHM nec
MaMa nOTHCHe HapO]:lHY JIHpCKY neCMY,
Te cy Y KaTOJIH'IKHM 06JIaCTHMa OBe
neCMe 6JIH)Ke 3BaHH'IHOM Il,pKBeHOM
Y'IelbY, a no <pOPMH cpo]:lHHje nHcaHoj
noe3HjH (Hnp. OCMepaIl, C ]:IOCJIe]:lHOM
pHMOM). TIo]:lrpyny OBHX neCaMa '1HHe
T3B. cAeiia'iKe HJIH K.llalbMUlle, Koje
CJlenIl,H npocehH MHJIOCTHlbY neBajy.
OBe cy neCMe Haj'lellihe HeqITO ]:IY)Ke,
Y OCMepu,y. BepcKo-MOpaJIHe, aJIH H ca
eJIeMeHTHMa HCKpeHHX ocelialba Y
onHCHBalbY TparH'IHe CY]l;6e CJlenHX.

ypOKa: KhH JIenocaBa H ocaM CTapHjHx

KhepH yMHpy 0 CBa]:ll5H 360r ype'leHe
JIenOTe.
B. ~eHlIi)6a MWIlIIia 5apjaTduapa.

'Ialbe, Koje ce Kao II. HH3 1l0jenHHoCTH

Be3yje 3a )KHBOT H o6H'Iaje, Kao IlITO
oc06eHOCTH SHJ1e nOTH'Iy 11.3 BepOBa

p.n.

BajKe Koje rooope 0 )KeHH]l;6H BHJ10M

onHcyjyhH cycpeT jYHaKa ca lbOM,
npHnyAHY ynajy, )KHooT y KybH II. 6eK
CTBO - IlOKJIanajy ce C Ilpe]:lalbHMa coo
JHM npBHM ]l;eJIOM, anH nyH 3aMax
A06Hjajy TaMO me ce npe]:lalbe 3asp
ll1aBa - nOCJle 6eKCTBa SHJ1e, y Tpe
HYTKy Ka]:l nO'lHlbe jYH/IKOBO Tparalbe
3a lbOM. 0 pot>elbY ]:IeIl,e He rooope.2
EIlcKe neCMe II. enCKe 6aJIa]l;e y KojHMa
je Haj6HTHHje poljelbe CHHa H HaCTaJIe
cy KaO enCKa nOTpe6a 3a CTBapalbeM
6Horpa<pHja 'IYBeHHX enCKHX jYHaKa.
BYKalllHH eKCnJIHUHTHO H3pa)KaSa
coojy )KeJbY: ,ll;a yxsaTHM BHJ1Y npe6H
jeny ma je sjeH'IaM MeHH 3a Jby60s:t:(yl
,ll;a 611. Mil. A06pa BHJIa IJopO]l;HJIa
nopO]l;! (BOrHIlIHh. 6p. 85).113 6paKa
CTapHHe HOBaKa C BHJ10M pat>a ce
fpyjHIl,a (BOrHll1HIi. 6p. 39). 3Majy
OrlbeHOM BYKY, BaHoBHIi CeKyiIk,
JhYTH~ Bor]l;aHY, PeJbH BOllilbaHHny
- MajKe cy BHJ1((. 4>a6YJIa'necaMa je y
sehHHH CJlY'lajeBa 6nH)Ka npe]l;alby.

lba. 1

BHJlA. )l(eHCKo MHTCKO 6Hhe y CTa

pHM HapO]:lHHM BepOBalbHMa H Hapo
]l;HOj Tpa]l;HIl,HjH JY)KHHX CJIOBeHa.
3aMlUIIJba ce Kao JIena ]l;eBojKa O]:leBe
Ha y 6eJIo (6eJIa BHJIa). 3aBHCHO O]l;
MeCTa CTaHOBalba, ]l;eJIe ce Ha 3aropKH
lbe, 6pO]:lapHIl,e, je3epKHlbe, npHMOp
KHlbe, 06JIaKHlbe, HTA. JIeno neBajy II.
Hrpajy H Jby60MopHe cY. Ha OBY CBOjy
OC06HHY. AKo 611. HeKO CJlyqajHo HaH
llIao Ha BHJIHHO KOJIO, OHe 6H ra
oMatiHjaJIe. Mory 6HTH H llpHjaTeJbH
JbYAH KojHMa cy 'IaK 1l0CTajaJIe nOMa
jKe, noceCTpHMe HJIH Jby6aBHHIl,e.
TIoMHlbY ce Y HapoAHHM enCKHM H
JIHPCKHM neCMaMa II. npHnOBeTKaMa,
Haj'lellilie Kao PaBHjojJIa II. MaH]l;aJIH
Ha. ,ll;pyryjy ca OMHJbeHHM jYHaIl,HMa,
Hnp. ca KpaJbeSHheM MapKoM.

p.n.

BHJlA JLy60BIlA. Hajn03Hanija y

HHTepHal\HOHaJIHOM penePToaPy nOA

P.O:
HMeHOM Milusille, <pa6YJIa (Aath 400),

o )KeHH]:I6H c HaTnpHpO]l;HHM 6HheM, no

BEmTHIlA (6pKJba'la, Il,onpHHIl,a,

cBoj npHJIHIl,H TOTeMCKor nOpeKJIa,

IlITpHra). Y HallieM HapO]l;HOM Bep'o

n03HaTa je II. y apancKHM 6ajKaMa, H y

rp'IKOj MHTOJIOrHjH, II. y CTapOHCJlaH]l;

milbY, 3JIO MHTCKO 6Hhe Koje mille Kp13.

JbY]l;HMa II. je~e cpIl,e. JaBlha ce Y PaJ
cKOj EOII, IlIHpOM A3Hje II. EBpone.

HHM 06JIHIl,Ma a Haj'lellihe KaO HohHH

KO]l; Hac ce TeMa 0 )KeH~6H BHJ10M

JIenTHp HJIH Kao CTapHja )KeHa. MO)Ke .

nojaBJbyje y 06JIH~Y ]:IeMOHOJlOIliKOr

npe]:lalba 6ajKe, 6aJIa]l;e II. enCKe neCMe.

HalllKO]:lHTH caMO PO]l;6HHH H npHjaTe

JbHMa;. Hnp.; Y HeKHM. JIHpCK>;M HapO]:l
Kaonpenalbe, nO'lHlbe YBeK cycpeTOM

HHM neCMaMa neBa ce, 0 MJIa]l;HIiY-OB~

BHJIe H. 'IOBeKa, MaXOM HenpHjaTeJb

. ' '1apy KOMe cy II. MaTH H crpHHa cpIl,e

CKHM, a 3aBplllaBa ce paCTaHKOM, 6e3 .
H3jeJIe na ce Bepyje Aa BelliTHIl,a
063Hpa ]l;a JIll. je BHJIa 'IOBeKa Oll'lHHHHajnpe CBOM POJJ:Y 3JI~ HaHece.
.' JIa Hlf.H j6j je OH OJW3eo Moli,']l;1I JIll. je
p.n. . O]:lMax KaX<lbeH 3a eBoje llpHCYCTB.0 y
~~6palbeHO!d CBeTY, 'HJ1H j~ lby AOBeo
BHn ~APH'I"1i. . EnCKH jYHax: MetiY lbYAe '11. OH/I My pO]:lHJ1a ]l;e.ciy, na

YCKO'lKHX necaMa, 'Iellihe ce jaBJba

n06er.ria 'IHM ce ]l;OMor~a cBoje qapQ5-'

(:lKeH~6a MHJIHlia BapjaKTapa. Byx:;

He cnOJbHe CHare. y. KpHJIHMa, KallH.

III, 78). Me~y KOTapCKHM YCKOIl,HMa II. Y

llpe]l;alba ce JIOKaJIH3yjy, HMenyjy ce

neCMaMa 3anHcaHHM y XVIII B. HajnoO'leBHl~ ]l;orat>aja, My)K. Y q,a6YJIaTa

3HaTJljH npeMa l5anaAH 0 'IpaI'WlHOj

Ma je KapaKTepHCTH'IHO l5eKCTBO H3

)KeHH]l;6H H CMPTH 3apy'lHHIl,e OA

cBa]:l6eHOr KOJla 3a CHHOBJbeBO Ben

)KeBHOCTH, CJIHKapCTBa, Il030pHllIHe

TeMaTHKC II. aHTH"IKHX H3Y'laaalba;

06jaBHO je 06HMHY AJlWOAo2Ujy Hapo

olle iioeauje (Beorpa]:l, 1937). Koja

ca]l;p)KH, nope]l; n03HaTJ{X necaM8 H3

BYKOSHX 38nHca, H neCMe 0 MyCJlHMaH

CKHM jYHaQHMa, 0 xpBaTCKHM paTHHIl,H

Ma, MalbH 6poj necaMa 0 KpaJbeBHhy

MapKY, xaj]:lYIl,HMa H YCKoUlWa. IlecMe

je KJIacH<pHKosao IlpeMa KpHTepHjyMy

onesaHHX ocehalba.

P.O.

H. M.-'S,

1 Yn. Cp6ai)uja, 1876, CTp. 66; CE3, 1931,

XLVIII, CTp. 213; 3H)I(Q, 1918, XXII, CTp.
302; T. 'BopbeBHh, BWla u eeudTtul4ll y HaUle.M
napoi)HoM eepoeaJby U iipeoaJby, Beorp8A.
'1953.

2 Yn. M, BaJLllBel\, HapoOHe iipuiloajeciiiu

21890. XI; ",BunTeH JilHCTHTYTa 3a npo)"laBalbe
cpommopa. II. CapajeBO .1953; <1>. MnKynH
'1Hh. Hapoi)He iipuiio6eiiill:e. 21876. u lip.

BHIl. Kp8TKa. H8j'Iellihe TpO'lJIaHa,

"HeOriX6i:\HO 8KTyeJIHa, pa3pelliaBajy

lia YCMcHa <popMa, Koja pacllJIHhe

'IBOpOSC. HaKo HHTepHaIl,HOHaJIaH

KaO BpCTa, HOCH Iloce6He OAJIHKe Ha

IIHja, paca, eIloxa. ]l;pYIliTBeHHx II. no

JIHTH'IKHX OKOJJHOCTH. llO'IealliH O]l;

npBe petlH OTKpHB8lba lbHXOBor ]:ISOC

TpYKor HJ1H MHorocrpYKor 3Ha'lelba, C

MOryfiHolllhy H36eraBalba OHor 3Ha

'Ielba Koje npHXBaTa CJlYllianau" ]l;0

06JIHKOatllba c8THpe H HpoHHje - SHIl,

YBeK Te)KH pa3rpat>HBalbY jeAHe

"yo'leHe n;eJI~e y 6HJIO KOM nO]l;pY'ljy

)KHBOTa. Mopa ce npH'IaTH nOaO]l;OM

He'lera. MO)KC ce ]:IeJIHTH Ha HH3 nq]l;

BpCTa 3a Koje KO]:l Hac nOCTojH MHOIll

TBO TepMHHa (yn. Bp'lesHlieBY nO]l;eJIY

llIaJbHBe npH'Ie Ha BpCTe).

BHIIiEfPAJ:t fpa]:l Ha'ymhY P3aBa y

,ll;PHny, Y jyroHCTo'lHoj BOCHH. Haj

'letphe C~ cnOMHlbe y Be3H ca 3H]l;albeM

MOCTa (a. Yauoaaalbe JlCUa02 6ulia. y

UieMelbe zpafjeatlJle), Ma]l;a MO)Ke 6HTH

cTajahe HMe rpa]l;a, Hapo'lHTo.y

JIHPCKOj lloe3HjH. .

H.M.-"!;.

. BHHCKE nECME. lleCMe Koje.

cnaAajy Y T3B. JIaKy JIHPHKY, qecr.o
llIaJbHBe, 6nHCKe 3ApaBHQH. lleBajy ce
y BHHOrpa]l;apCKHM KpajeBHMa, Ha
. 'BHUIIbD, Q)HJIHD.(1767-1834), CJle

nOCeJIHMa, );Y3 'IaIny. HajpaiIpocrPa

lbeHHje y CnoseHHjH II. XpBaTCKOM
nH ryCJIap; je]l;aH O]l; Haj60n,iIx BYKD
3aropjy. llpH6IlIDKaaajy re, )!'P.aS&H ." BHX neBu"18 0):\ J{ora.j!,! 3anHcaO HajBehH
eKoj H llJIeMeHHTa.uPcoj JlHpHQH.
6poj necaMa 0 60p6aMa' y npBOM cpn-..
'.
H.I1:\.-1>.
CKOM YCTaHI<;y (llecMe 0 60p6aM;\ 3a
. OCJI060ljelbe Cp6Hje). llOTH'Ie '11.3
BHTE3HIlA, BHBKO (1886-1973),
yme]:lHe nOpO]:lHIl,e KOjy cy KacHHje
npo<pecop YHHBepilHTeTa, llHca:t:( 6poj
Typ~ 3aTpJIH, 11.3 60CaHCKOr llO]l;PH
HHX CTYAHja H eceja If3 onlllTe KlbH
lba; OCJIeneo y AeTHlbCTBy. BHO je npD
49

48

H. M.-"Jl.

l1oce6Ho cc 6aBH eHToreHe30M H

eTHHtlKOM aHTpolloJlofHjoM. nHca~ je
EiliHollo'illje Hapooa Jy'iocllaBuje. Y
npOY'IaBaH.Y ;lIYXOBHe HapOnHe Kyn
Type o6palia lla)KlhY Ha Hapo;llHO
YCMeHO CTBapaH.e Kao B3BOP 3a
aHTpOIIonOWKa H eTHOJIOWKa HCTpa
)KHBaH.a (11oeall tPZ13U'l.lCe lIeuoilie Y
HapOOHlIM fieCMaMa, Pa3BHTaK X,
1910; 0 3Ha'l.ajy HapOOHUX YMoiliBO
pUHa aa ezUHOIIOUIlCa uaY'l.aBa1ba, Ibid.,
1972; 0 ilipa'ioBZlMa a BYH1qllailia,
I1KJM<I>, XXXVIII, CB. 1-2). MCTpa
)Kyje yenOBJbeHOCT MOTHBa )KHBOTHOM
CTBapHowhy. EaBH ce npeBacXOnHO
noe3HjoM HOE-a, H caBpeMeHHM YCMe
HHM CTBopalheM, TY)K6aJIH:QaMa, yno
roM nojellHHaQay CTBapaH.Y HapO)lHe
noe3Hje (36opHHK PanOBa CAHY,
ETHorpacpCKH RHCTHTYT, Klh. LXVIII).

cpeCHOHanHH rycnap-neBa'l:, BeOMa

MHoro nyToBao 110 EocHH, Cp6HjH, CBe
~o CKaApa. npewao ca 36eroM 1809. y
Cp6Hjy H 6HO y3 YCTaHH'l:Ke 60PQe H
Bolje YCTaHKa ):10 1813; 3aTHM je H36e
rao Y CpeM, Y ceno rpK (AaHaWH.e
BHWH.HheBo). MHoro je nyToBao;
neBajyhH y3 ryene 3apaljHBao xne6, CBe
no TeMHwBapa, no Ea'l:Koj, CpeMY H
CnaBoHHjH.
BYK je 3a6ene)KHO OA H.era 'l:eTHpH
neCMe ca CTapHjoM TeMaTHKOM ():IBe 0
CB. CaBH, no je):lH)' 0 MapKY KpaJbe
BHliy H Eajy I1HBJbaHHH)'), nBaHaeCT ce
OAHoce Ha npBH YCTaHaK H HajBepoBaT
HRje na HX je BHWH.HIi HCIIeBao Y
3aKOHHTOCTHMa H Ha'l:HHY HaponHHX
enCKHX necaMa, Koje je n06po n03HaBao (y BeJIHKOM 6pojy C XPHW
liaHCKOM H MyenHMaHcKoM TeMaTH
KOM).
B. fleCMe 0 6op6a.Ma aa oCllo6o!Je1be

Cp6uje.

H.M.-li.

BO.ll.I1QAPCKE (BOrOJAB.lLEH

CKE) I1ECME. 06pe):lHe n"HpcKe Ha

pO):lHe neCMe 3HMCKor nepHOna, Be3aHe

BJlA.ll.APEBA TAJHA, B. Muoa;

3a npa3HRKe OKO KpaTKOnHeBHQe. 0

TpojaH.
EorojaBJI>elhY (19. jaH)'ap) iJapon je

HMao 06H.'laj no ca H3Bopa nOHOCH Bony

BJlA.ll.ETA BOJBO.ll.A. EIICKH j:YHaK
lIOCyTY )KHTOM H Y H.Y CTaBJba 60CH
H3 KOCOBCKor Kpyra necaMa. 110 . JbaK, BepyjyliH y H.eHY Moh HCQeJbeH.a.

HeKHM, ena60 IIOY3AaHHM H3BopHMa,

I1ecMe" cy 6ene)KeHe no KOCOBY,

60caHCKH KPaJb TBPTKO je noenao y . jY)KHOj Cp6HjH H MaKe;lloHHjH, rne cy

nOMoh KHe3Y Jla3apy BOjBO):ly BJIaTKa

ce HajnY)Ke H 3anp)Kane.

BYKoBHha, WTO ce Momo Ca'l:YBaTH y

~aKO MOJIOOpojHe. .tIYBajy neCHH'IKY

enCKOM cehaH.Y.

nenoTY:
P.ll.

P.ll.

o jYHutle. C.MlIII>UHUt/e!
BJIAX AJIUJA. TYP'l:HH H3 enCKe
neCMe EaHOBHh CTpaxHH.a (BYK II).
OnMeTHHK KOjH je .oIIJba'IKao nBOpe

. CTpaXHlhHha :f)aHa H OnBeo My Jby6y.

Y MHor06pojHHM BapHjaHTaMa OBe
neCMe Melha ce 06nHK HMeHa, Hllp.

.ll.eHanRja H en.

CwIl/b.MII IWI:I/III, C.MIIII>

f.Ml/II>

',

P.ll.

BJlAXOBIfll, ~eT8p. (poljeH 1921),

,eTHonor' H aHTpoIIonor, Hpocpecop'
<l>HJI030ipcKor cpaxynTeTa y Eeorpal1}',
je):laH on OCHHBa'l:a AHTpononowKor
APywTBa JyroenaBHje; ype;llHHK MHO
fHX eTHOJIOlllKHX HaYQHHX rry6JlHKal\H-

'!l-upucilm

1// pUMeH(l.

lJeCTo npena3e Y n,y6aBH)' n"HpHKy.

B. 06pe~ne lIupCKe HapooHe fieCMe.

P.ll.
:'1

mil Kalium

BO;niHK: BpaH~q (Drechsler, 1878

1916).,. npQcpecop' KlhHli<eBHoCTH :Ha

. CBey'l:H.JiHwTy-y-3arpe6y; nHca~.6poj

Bilk pac!lpaBli.O CTapHjoj KmwJi:eBHoc

ni Cn8BoHHje H XpBaTcKe. OojaBHo je

aHTOJIOrRjy cpncKoxpBaTcKHX HapO):l

HHX necaMa ffaa6pa/le Hapoone iijecMe,

/ jYHa'l.lCe (3arpe6, 1908), ca YSOAHOM

50

pacnpaBOM 0 encKoj Hapo;llHoj noe3HjH

y KOjOj pa3MaTpa H TIHTalbe MapKoBe
enCKe IIonynapHOCTH. OnpeneJIHO ce
3a no~eny necaMa ~a ocaM l.{HKJIyca:
JIereHnapHU,npeTKOCOBCKH,KOCOBCKH,
o MapKy KpaJbeBHhy, 0 BpaHKOBHhH
Ma,O 6pahn JaKWHhuMa, YrpH'l:HhHMa
H xajnY'l:KO---YCKO'l:KH.

JbYOC, roCIIOIjC JCJlHQe, nneMeHHTe H

xpa5pe )KeHe Koja ce O~JIYQyje na ca
I1pHje3noM y CMpT 1I0lje Aa He 5H nana
y TypCKO ponCTBO; OHa rOBopH AHBHe
CTHXOBe 0 MopaBH, peQH Koja HX je
OTXpaHHJla B KOjy 6Hpajy 3a Be'l:HH
1I0'IHHaK.
p.n.

P.ll.

BOJI1HOBHnl1, cpnCKa cpenlhOBe

KOBHa cpeynanHa nopo}lH:Qa H3 XIV B.,
'lHjH .ie OCHHB8'I BOjHH, rocnO;llap OKO
ra:QKa. 113 BojHHoBHha lIOTH'l:Y BOjH
cnaB, 3axYMcKH KHe3 (y. 1363), )KYlIaH
HHKona AnToM8HoBHIi HAp. Y HapOn
Ho.i Tpa/\HI\HjH, BenHKaWH ca ce;llHw
TeM y BY'IHTPHY, ceCTpHhH Qapa
.ll.ywaHU: BYKallnm, l1eTplUllHll H.
MHnoUl_ EncKH HojnoTnyHHjH H YMeT
HH'IKH HajycnenHjH je MHJIOW, MJIalja
HO 6yrapllc ('Io6aHHH), y neCMH )Ke
HH;lI6a .1lYWOHOBa HajMJIaljH, KOjH Kao
Hen03Bali H Hen03HaT o;llnasH yjaKY y
cBaTOBe, CaBJla;lla jYHa'l:Ke npenpeKe,
OCBeTJIa oopa3 :Qapy H ;lIoBe;lle 1dY
HeBeCTY. OBa IIeCMa, KOjy je BYK
3aOene)Kf:!o O;ll T. 110npyroBHlia, jenHa
je on HajnenwHx HapO~HHX necaMa ca
HHTepHaI\HOHaJlHOM TeMOM 0 jYHa'l:Koj
)KeHH)l6H C lIperrpeKaMa.

BO.ll.HI1K, BaneBTBB (1158-1819),

enOBeHa'l:KH neCHHK, HOBHHap npBHx
cnoBeHa'lKHX HOBHHa Ljubljanske
novice (1191-1199), npocBeTHTeJb,
pecpopMarop cnoBeHa'l:Ke npo3e. Kon
cppalheBaQa cTy):lHpao Teonomjy H
cpHno30cpHjy. AyTop je npBe 36HpKe
necaMa Ha enOBeHa'l:KOM je3HKY. I1PBH
06jaBHo H enOBeHa'lKY Hapo;llHy necMY
Pegam in Lamberger (1807), Koja je
npeBe;lleHa Ha HeMa'l:KH. CxynJbao
cnoBeHa'l:Ke HaponHe neCMe H npepa
IjHBao HX. Y CBOM neCHH'l:KOM CTBapa
lhy ;lIpJKaO ce YCMeHe BepCHcpHKa~je
(pHTaM nOCKO'lHQe). PanHO je H Ha rpa
M8.THQH H pe'l:HHKy H noceOHO Ha
Ha~OHanHOM npenopoAY.
H. !d.-b.

"

BOJBO.ll.A I1PI1JE3.ll.A. rnaBHH

jYHaK enCKe waponHe neCMe y BYKOBOj
36HPQH 0 OlIcanH H na;lly CTanana
(CMpT BojBone I1pHje3ne). If y CTa
PHjoj BapHjaHTH (no'l:. XVIII B.) Hana
3H ce HCTO HMe; HCTOPHjCKH HHje no
3HaTa nH'l:HOCT, HaKO ce y naJboj
npOWJIOCTH nOMHlhY y OKonHHH CTa
nalia nOKaJIHTeTH C :a.eroBHM HM.eHOM
- . I1pHje3;l1HHo ceno. OBaj ce jYHaK
):IOBOnH y Be3y C 'BypljeM BpaHKOBH
heM H JepHHOM; 3a }berOBO HMe Be3aHa
je H elICKH nonynapHa TeMa 0 )KeHH}l6H
H hpeOTHMaH.Y HeBeCTe.. Oncana H
jYHa'l:K'a o;ll6paHa CTaJlaiia f!OMH!f>y ce
y BpeMe ;lIecnOTa CTecpaml JIa3ape
BHlia, KO~ KOHCTaHTHHa <l>nn030cpa.
CTap!'lja BapHjaHTa y EpnaareHCKOM
PYKOnHCY HMa HeKHX cehalha; 6JIH)KHX
HCTOPHjCKHM:30HBaH.HMa, Hnp. elIH3o
na C l1ana3-nawoM, nOTYp'l:eHHM no
nOM H3 CMenepeBa. Y BYKOBoj BapH
jaHTH je pa3BHjeHa YJIora I1puje3~HHe

P.lI.

BOJHI1'lKE I1ECME. JIil:pcKe Hapo

nHe neCMe HOBHjer nOCTalha y ceBep
HHM 06naCTHMa 'Hawe' 3eMJbe. no
nerrOTH ?CTH1IY ce rreCMe 6a'lKHX By
lheBal.\a, y KojHMa ce Haj'l:ewhe onesa .
3aMHWJbeHa nopYKa MlIanHX BojHHKa
MajQH, 0 Ter06aMa BojHH1.JKe eny)K6e
HnH HClipaliaj y. BOjCKy O~ ci'P3He
Jby6e, cecTpe H MajKe ..
p.n.
BO'JlQnn;JaKo6'(1815-1888), cnoae
HatlKH CBeWTeHHK, .O;lly~eBJbeHH HJIIf,- .
P~Q,. cj:iOJlKlIbpHC;r_ Tparao 3a rnl,lroJI.>
CKHM cnOMeHH~Ma'y McipiI H 06j~B
JhHBaO HX y3 KYKYJbeBHheBY lIOMOh.
Meljy' npBRMa caKynHO ~OCTa HapOn
HHX npHlloBenaKa H neca~a H3 IfCTpe.
l.JYBajy ce y MX; ~eoje rry6nHKoaaH y
51

I
,!
I
I

1.

[I

It

H3AalbHMa Hame CJlore y TpCT}', Y

HoBHuaMa, HTIl:.

I-V, 3arpeo 1863-77, CJlOaeHCKa oje.lla

I-II, 3arpeo 1952.

H. M.--D,

H.M.-D.

BPA3. CTaBKo (npaBHM HMeHOM

JaKoo 4Ipac, 1810-1851), neCHHK H

BPCTA. fiojaM BpCTe y YCMeHoj

BPXOBAU, MaKCHMHJJHjaH (1752

1827), 3urpe6a tIKH HaAoHcKyn, nOJIH-

JOlII OA BYKOBor nojMa YCMeHor pOAa,

Tj. OA pOMaHTH'lapCKe rnKOJIe - pa3BpCTaBalbe ce BplIIH H no KpHTepHjYMY
~YHKQHOHanHOCTH 06nHKa ij HaMeHe
(:lKeHCKe njecMe IIjeBa H je/1:HO MH
ABoje caMO pall:H caoza pa3roBopa, a
jYHa'iKe ce njecMe HajBHrne IIjeBajy Aa
oPYZU c.IlYUlajy). ):{aJbe pa3BpCTaBalbe
Ha AOIl:OJICKe, :lKeTBapCKe, neCMe Koje
ce neBajy AeUH Kall: ce ycnaBJbyjy HAP.,
npeACTaBJba npOAY:lKeTaK nOll:eJIe no
HCTOM KpHTepHjYMY.
M3 CTaHOBHlIITa q,YHKUHOHanHOCTH
MO:lKe npOHCTehH 1I0CMaTpalbe npo:qe
ca oonHKOBalba HJIH IIpOY'laBalbe pe3YJITaTa Tora npOJ.{eca. fiPBH npHCTyn
HaKO y MOll:epHoj q,OJIKJIOPHCTHUH Ha
HeKH Ha'IHH HOBHjH, HMIIJIHUHTHO je
npHCYTaH jOlII OA XIX BeKa. ):{pyrn ce
OCJlalba HJIH Ha THnOJIOrHjy rOTOBHX
OOJIHKa HnH Ha eCTeTH'IKY aHaJIH3Y
BpCTe. PaclIpaBe 0 :lKaHPY Kao nojMY y
YCMeHoj KlbIDKeBHOCTH, BOAHJIe cy ce y
HalIIoj HayUH HCKJby'lHBO y OKBHpHMa
nopel)elba C. nHcalioM KIbIDKeBHolIIhy

THtlap, MeueHa KlbH:lKeBHOCTH H YMeT

Ho,"rn. TIopell npynlx HHTepeCOBalba,

YO'IaBa BpeAHoCT HapOIl:HHX neCaMa H
YMOTBopHHa; OHO y npenHc:qH C
,nOOPOBCKHM, CTpaTHMHpoBHheM H ':s.
4IepHheM fBo3AeHHuoM. KonHTapa
yn03Haje 1809. KOjH My cKpelie JIa)KlbY
Ha JIenoTY Hap0Il:HHX necaMa KOIl:
XpBaTa H 1I0AcTHtie ra Ha caOHpalbe
Hap0Il:HHX YMOTBopHHa; HeKe JIHpCKe
neCMe OH My je y6p30 H nOCJlao. fOIl:H
He 1813. YlIyhyje OKpy:lKHH pacnHC
CBCM 1I0JlpytIHOM CBernTeHCTBY 0 cKyn
JbalbY H OeJIe:lKelbY Hap0Il:HHX necaMa,
npHIIOBCJtaKa, nOCJIOBHQa H pe'lH,
HCTH'lyftH Aa je IIPOCTH... nyK BjepaH
tlyBap MHOrHX 1I0lIjeBaKa, Koje CJlY:lKe
OOpa30IlaH>y .ie3HKa. H caM je y
J\OKOJIHlU1 IIHcao neCMe no yrneAY Ha
HapOAHo lIeBalbe. CynpOTCTaBJbaO ce
YBo~elby MaljapcKor Kao 3BaHH'IHOr
je3HKa y XpBaTcKoj.

KIbH:lKeBHOCTH HelIocpell:HO ce Be3yje

3a TeopHjcKH WIH MeTO/1:0JIOlIIKH
KpHTH'Iap, npeBOIl:WIau H nyTonHcau,
ypell:HHK MHornx nHCTOBa, caKynJba'l npHCTyn q,OJIKJIOPY YOmIITe. KaKo y
jyrOCJlOBeHcKoj HaYQH HeMa TeopHje
HapOIl:HHX YMOTBopHHa. JeIl:HHH nHcau
YCMeHe YMeTHoCTH pe'lH, Kao HayKe
HexpBaTcKor nopeKJIa KOjH je Hll:ejy
Koja OH OHJIa naHll:aH TeopHjH nHCaHe
WIHpH3Ma npHXBaTHo y UHjeJIOCTH. Y
KlbH:lKeBHOCTH, Oll:peljelbe BpCTa nOIl:
fpauy CT}'Il:Hpao npaBo H q,WI03oqmjy.
pa3YMeBHJIO
je CTaJIHO 1I0pel)elbe C
PoljelbeM CJIOBeHau, y XpBaTcKoj
BpCTaMa y JIHTepaTYpH, noroToBY lIITO
pa3BHo CBOjy pa3HoBpcHY ll:enaTHOCT,
ce 3a cae nocTojehe KaTeropHje y
KOjOj cy OCHOBa Xepll:epOBe Hll:eje,
OKBI',IPy Harne YCMeHe KlbIDKeBHOCTH
'1emKH H CJlOBa'lKH npenopoll:, HCKpeH
MOry Hahlf IIpHMepH Ha H3Y3eTHO
3aHOC Hapoll:HHM CTBapaJIanITBOM, Koje
BHCOKOM YMeTHIiflIKOM HHBOy.
Tpeoa cnaCTH Oil: 3aoopaBa, npHx
Y HCTOPHjH nOCMaTpalba BpCTa MO:lKe
BaTalbe lIITOKaBCKor Hape'lja 3a CBe
ce H3/1:BOjHTH HeKonHKO TOKOBa.
J)')KHe CJIOBeHe Kao KlbIDKeBHor je3H
fipahelbC pa3BHTKa JbYIl:CKe MHCJIH,
Ka.
OOJIHKOBHlbe npell:CTaBa 0/1: aHHMHC
Bpa3 je npHKyIIHO BenHKH opoj HapOIl:
TH'IKHX H MHTonornKHX npeKO HCTO
HHX necaMa, npHpe'lja, npH'Ia, OOH
PHjCKHX }~O HCTOPHjcKo-paQHOHaJIHHX,
'1aja, npeAalba, BepoBalba - lIIHpOM
npH 'IeMY H3ABajalbe 'BpCTe HHje UMJb,
CnoBeHHje H XpBaTcKe (JIjeJla I-V,
Beh. ce OHa IIOCMaTpa, Kao OKBHP 3a
1877). IIYToBao ca Cpe3lbeBcKHM.
OOYXBaTHlbe CaAp:lKHHe, y KOjOj je OHT
IIpenopY'lHBao, H caM ce Tora Il:p:lKao,
.HO nOMohy, peanHja. OTKpHTH Ha'lHH
BepHO 3aIIHCHBalbe y3 onHC npaTehHX
MHlIIJbeH>a, nOrnell: H'a CBeT. BpCTe ce
OKOJIHOCTH, Kao 1l:0Kj'MeHT npOlIInoc
npH TOM' nojaBJbyjy Kao npHpOIl:HH
.TH. OOjaBHO 3a :lKHBOTa caMO 30HPKY
pe3YJITaTH eBOJIYQHje rpal)e (fperop
HapOOHe UeCHU UJlupClce Koje ce Ueaajy
KpeK, MuaH Pall:eTHh, BaTpoCJlaB Ja
UO miIiajepcKob Kpa1bCKOb KOPYUlxoj
mh, CTojaH HOBaKOBHh, AHApa faB
U 'aaiiaoHoj ciIipaHU' Yzapc-,<;e, y
PHJIOBHh HAP.). YKOJIHKO ce npH TOM
3arpeoy 1839. Y3HMajyhH 3a H/l:eaJI
HMeHyjy BpCTe, KpHTepHjYM je CH
. BYKa Kapru,mha, HarJIanIaBa ~a JIHTe
:lKejHD-TeMaTCKH.
paTypa.Mopa nO'lHBaTH Ha KaMeHY
YnopeAo ca OBHM TOKOM Y HalIIoj
Hap0Il:HOCTH. Y Kony 'ce lberOBOM
HaYQH, BpCTe ce 1I0CMaTpajy Kao caMe
ypeIl:HH'lKOM 3aCJlyroM oojaBJbyje rpa
no ceOH pa3YMJbHBe .KJIaCDq,HKaUHOHe
lja pa3JIH'lHTRX capaAHHKa H3 HapOIl:
KaTeropHje, Koje CJlyie pa3BpCTaBalbY ,
,.Bor ,:lKHBoTa. fpalja KOjy je caM ca
rpalje, OHno no HCTOPHjCKHM nepHO}:IH
'KynHo, 06jaBJbeHa BehHM AeJIOM y
MS (y HCTopHjaMs KH,IDKeBHOCTH, C
llLTpeKeJbeBHlI,f 30HpKaMa Slovenske
HelIITO !3Hrne TeopHjcKHX iIpeTeH3Hja),
narodne 'pesmi, ll:eJIo!d je" OCTaJIa y
OHJIO' CHHxpOlrnjcKH
Kao nperneA Y
'. PYKO.nHCY . ..
.
'.
'.
OKB.HPy HeKHX 36HpKH. (KOA BYKa ce
!TPBH i.e 66jaSJbHBaiJ MaKe/1:0HCKHX
nojaB'Jbyje H jeAaH Apym Ha'lHH);
'Hapo,riHHx ~ecaMa 'D3 pyKOnHca pYCKor . 'lIBpCTO nOCTaBJbeHH OcHOBHH POAOBH'
Hay'lHHKa BHKTOpa' fpHropOBH'Ia.

nHcaHe KIbIDKeBHOCTH: JIDpHKa, eIIHKa

3Ha'lajHHje 36HpKe noe3Hje: 'BYJla6uje,

H ApaMa, MOAHq,HKyjy ce y nHpHKY,

1840; rJlacu U3 oy6paae :JICepaauHcKe.

eIIHKY (CTHxa H np03e, Tj. encKj' noe3H

1841; Tyc.Ile U iIia.M.6ypa, 1854; 1f3

jy, npHIIoBeTKy If npeAalbe) H ApaMY

HCTopHje YCMeHe XlbIDKeBHOCTH: JIJeJla

(xao pYAHMeHTapHH pO/1:).

. (AHcKycHja. 0 nepHoAH3aUHjH, MTA'~'

BP-IJEBH'B, ByK (1811~1882), cap8ll:-.
npH '1eMY cy HCTHUaHe pa3JIHK~. (C .
HHK BYKU Kapal,lHlia. Ha cKynJbalbY
IIeTpoBHli, .M. BOlIIKOBHli-~tulh). 3aHap0Il:HHX yMoTBopHHa, KacHHje CaMD
KJbyq~K KOJH ce :tIaMeTHYO je:re Belia
CTanHH caoHpa'r H H3AaBa'l. Be3' pe
nOCTOj~HOCT BpCTe y YCMeHOJ Hero y
AOBHor IIIKOJIOBatha, Hay'lHBwH y3 o~a
nHcaHOJ KlbIDKeBHOCTH, y C~CJly o'ly/1:a 'IHTa H IIHrne (y MJIa/1:0CTH ee KpaBalba lbeHHX OCHOBHHX CTpYKTypa, a
TKO BpeMe OaBHO TprOBHHOM), OCTao
Koja ce MO}Ke TyMa'lHTH q,YHKUHOHHje BepaH 1I03HfiY' nUCapa-'1HHOBHHKa
calbe!'f YCMeHe KlbH:lKeBHOCTH nOMoh~
(fpoaJb, PHcaH, UeTHlbe, 3all:ap, TpeBapHjaHaTa.
OHlbe); OHO. ceKpeTap Klba3a ,naHMa,
Pa3JIH'IHTe no CBOM noeTCKOM CH~3a'FHM KOH3YJIapHH tlHHOBHHK ayCTpHjCKH. PaHO ce 3aHHMa 3a KlbIDKeBHOCT H
My, YCMeHe BpCTe cy q,JIeKCHOH1!HH]e
OA KlbIDKepHHX BpcTa, C jell:He .CTpa~e
lIoKyrnaBa Aa .HMHTYje ll:eJIa JIOKaJIHHX
npHJIarOIl:JbHBHje 'HaQHoHaJIHOM H
IIpHMOPCKIDr. IIHCau~, a.oA 1835. yn03
eTHH'IKOM, y Benoj 3aflHcHoCTH OA
HaSlim ce C BYKOM, ,olIpeAeJbyje ce 3a
BaHKlbH:lKeBHHX eneMeHilTa, oOI1'Iaja H
ca6Hpalbe Hap0j:\HHx YMOTBopHHa.
nOHfl~alba, KapaK,!,epa cpell:HHe, c. . ffieroBa cap8ll:1bl'! je Il:paFoQeH~If UJIOA
Il:pyre CTpaHe '1BPCTO '1YBajy OCHOBHe
HS: JIHpCKe HapoAHe lIecMe, Ma~H 6poj
KOHCTaH.T~ eBoje CTpYI<Type,' H Y' . oojaBJbeHHX enCI(HX neca~il, noCJlOIl:HjaxpOHnjcKo H
CHHXPOpRjCKOM,"
BHQe, '3ar~)HeTKe, y Q6H~aj Y3eTe pe.rn,
CMHCJlY, Kp03 BeKOBe H lIIHpOM pa3JIH-.
OIIHCn' oowraja; CKOPO TpeilHHa HapOA
'1HTHX HapoAa.
HHX IIpHnOBeAaKa H3 ByKo'Be 30HpKe
Yn. oajicy Kao nojaMO.l{ HajCTapHjHX
nOTH'Ie H3 BptleBHheBIlX .3anHca.
BpeMeHa MH oopell:HY mtpHKy ca yBeK
ffierOB caMOCTaJIaH cKynJba'lKH P8ll:
CJIH'lHHM nOABpCTaMa.
BpJIO je 3Hat lajaH; Y cKynJbalbynHpH. M.-D.
CKHX Hap0Il:HHX necaMa nOCTHrao je

52

53

P.II.

i.

HajaHmH CBOj ):tOMeT (TIB. V BYKOBa

KFbHra, ::KeHCKe neCMe H3 Xepuero
BHHe); Y TpeOHFbY je"'-CKynHo BPJIO
BemIKH' 6poj enCKHX necaMa: OCOOHTO
cy 3Ha'lajHe MYCJlHMaHCKe neCMe H
Ty::K6anHUe - HajBefiH ):teo HeoojaBlbeH.
BpojHe 3anHce HapO):tHHX npHnOBe]1a
Ka je 3HaTHHM ):teJIOM mTaMnao; Haj3Ha'lajHHje - malbHBe HapO]1He llpHno
BeTKe (CpilC1(e HapOOHe ilpuiloauje

mKf, oco6umo KpamKe u UlaJbUaf,

1868). 3Ha'lajHa je FberOBa nO]1eJIa
Hapo):tHHX npHnOBe]1aKa.
TIHcao je H opHrHHaJIHa K.FbH::KeBHa
):tena: nOCJIOBHue Y CTHXY, neCMe H
npHnOBeTKe; HCTOPHjcKQ-MeMoapCKe
3anHce (OrpaHUH 3a HCTOPHjy .u;pHe
rope, Y PYKonHCY), onHC npaBHHX
oOH'Iaja H ]1p., Y rpaHHuaMa H3Me~y
HapO):tHe YCMeHe H nHcaHe KFbH:lKeBHe
pe'lH. Bp'leBHheB pa):t je nJIO]1aH H
pa3HOBpCTaH: KFbH:lKeBHQ-HCToPHjCKH,
eTHOJIOmKH, npaBHQ-HCToPHjCKH, aJIH
CBOjOM HeKpHTH'IHOmhy H HMnpOBH30
Ba.FbeM ):tOBO):tHO je Y CYMFbY Behe
pe3YJITaTe CBora pa]1a.
p,n,

BYKACOBH'li-BY.JIETIfIi,

BBA

(1853-1933), Y'lHTelb Y ,Uy6pOBHHKY,

nHcau, caKynlba'l HIlPO):tHHX Y,MOTBO
pHHa, apXeOJIOmKe H eTHonomKe rpa
!:ie. ll3 06nacm CPOJIKJIOpa; Ba:lKHHja
)(ena: Myopu noco, 1883; 5acHe
myl)wlKe, 1897; HH3 npHKa3a H3]1aFba
HapO]1He 1l0e3Hje (MYCJlHMaHCKe Y Ja
aopy, 3a rO)(HHY 1866, CMaHJIarHh
Mexo, Y KapatlHhy, BocaHcKoj
BHJIH), pacnpaBa <> HapO]1Hoj noe3HjH
H .FbeHHM jYHaUHMa, H ]1p.
H.M.-'B.

BYKAmHH'

MPlbABqEBH'li

(1366-13} I}, : cpncKH

Cpe)(FbOB~KOBHH

aenHKam H Kpalb C noce)(HMa Y 3ana)(

Hoj,MaKeAoHHjH,.y KOMe ::KHBH aeoMa
60r~Ta .ycMe1;J~ Tpa)(HuHj~ c, ManO
OCJIaFbaFba Ha HCTopitjcKe )(ora!:iaje.
TIo Tpa)(HI.(HjH nOpeKJIOM o;zl HepeTBe,
0)( oua MpFbaBe H MajKe rpy6e, py::KHe
ceCTpe uapa ,UymaHa. Tpa]1HUHja je
3anaMTIDIa BYKaIlHma Kao CaMOBOJh-

Hor BenHKama, KOjH ce He caMO O]1MeT

HyO 0)( llapa Ypoma, Bell MY OTHMa
l(apCTBO H KpyHy. TIo HeKHM neCMaMa
OH je yjaK, no HeKHMa KYM, aJIH YBeK
CTapaTelb HejaKor Ypoma, Kora My
ltap ,UywaH Ha caMpTH nOBepaBa, Kao H
ynpaBlba.Fbe uapCTBOM.
,
MHTepHaIlHOHanHa TeMa 0 O)(nY'lH
BaFbY KOMe KpyHa Tpe6a ]1a npHna)(He
HaJIa3H ce y BHwe enCKHX necaMa;
Hajn03Ha1'Hja je H3 BYKOBe 36HpKe
(Ypom H Mp.FbaB'leBHhH). Y JIero
nHCHMa XV n. HaJIa3HMO nOMeHa y
He]10CTojHOM BYKawHHOBOM ]1p:lKaFbY
H Fberouor opaTa ]1eCnOTa Yrlbeme
(nOCe]1H y jy:lKHOj MaKe]10HHjH) npeMa
Ypomy. TpehH opaT rojKO'Hen03HaT
je HCTOPHjH.
BYKamHH je no Tpa]1HUHjH YOHO Uapa
Ypoma Ha npenapy, JIoBefiH Kpaj
HeKor je3cpa. OBO npe]1aFbe y HapO]1Y
je OCTaBHno ):tYOOKor Tpara H y nHcaHoj
HCTOPHjH: nO'len 0]1 M. OpoHHHja
(1601), na cae AO ]1pyre nonOBHHe XIX
BeKa cMaTpaHo je ,3a HCTOPHjCKH
Ta'IHO. 0 CMpTH BYKamHHa y HapO]1Y
ce paHo pa3BHJIa Tpa]1HUHja (npeMa
IUlcaHHM 1l0]1aUHMa nonOBHHOM XVI
B.). OCJI<m,ajyhH ce Ha BepOBaFbe):ta je
Itapey6H1la H OTHMa'l uapCTBa, Fbera,
no Tpa]1HIIHjH CTH::Ke 3aCJIY:lKeHa Ka3Ha;
cnyra ra H3HeHa):ta !iaIla)(He C ne!:ia Ka):t
ce Harao ]18 ta H3Bopa nHje BO):te, Y3Me
My 3naTHY Kona,iHY, HJIH KpCT KOjH je
OH 0]1 tlapa OTeo, a BO]1a y H3BOpy 0]1
Ta]1a llOCTaHC ropKa (KO]1 MeeTa
XapMaHnH, Ha peUH MapHUH). Y.
HeKHM ce neCMaMa 0 MapKY KOjH n03
Haje O'lHHY eaOJby ca~ryBano HCTOPHj
CKH Ta'IHO cel\aFbe Ha nOrH6Hjy pBor
B~.nHKalIln y oojy' Ha MapHUH (cenTeM~
Gap 1371).
.
TIonymipaH y' HapO]1Hoj TpanHUHjH H
y'Bej(
Kao
Ht<raTHBH8
JIH'IHOCT
npHKa3aH, 'onenaH je H y neCM8Ma ca
HHTepHal{HOHqnHI!M '1'!!MaM8', Hnp:' 0
, ,}i(eim-H3J:\ajHHUH '()J{eHH]16a KPilft,a
BYKaIiIHHa), 0 Y3H~HBa'Fby rbY]1CKe
:lKptBe y TeMelbe rpa):ta (3H,ltaFbe
CKa]1pa), 0 :lKeHH):t6H BHnOM, H ]1P;.

BYKO,UJIAK. YOOH'IajeH Ha3HS 3a

BaMUHpa KOjH ce, CYAellH no OBOM

Ha3HBY, npB06HTHO 3aMHlllJbaO y

BY'IjeM 06JlHKY.
H. M.-"S,

ByqA I,IEHEPAJI. EncKH npo

THBHHK KpalbeBHha MapKa, Be3aH 3a
rpa):t Bapa]1HH (MapKO KpalbeBHh H
BY~la UeHepaJI, BYK II). TIpeTno
CTaSlba ce ):ta je TO enCKO cefiaFbe Ha
BYKa, BYHa TaHacHja 'uYKa!:iHHa H3
3a,ltpHMJba.

ByqJH nACTHP. BO:lKaHCTBO ]10

ther CBen, Kao H XpOMH ,Uaoa, y
oonHKY xpOMor ByKa (no B. l.JajKa
HOBHhy), Koje 1I0CTeneHHM aHTpono
Mopqm301l8FbeM )(06Hja lby):tCKH 06nHK
If jame Ha ByKy. 3aMe.Fbyjy ra y pa3HHM
npe,lta.FbHMa H nereH)(apHHM llpH'IaMa
CBeTH Cana, CneTH ApaH~eo, cBeTH
'Bop!:ie.
H,M,-D.

p,n.

'., j

B. Mplba6'teeuliLI..
p.n,

54

55
/'

r
t

r
rABAH (SOrATU). JIme HeMWIO
cp):lHOr 60raTaWa, 0 qHjeM je H):IeH
THTeTY 6HJIO ):IOCTa paCrrpaBe Y Hamoj
HaYI.(H. BYK ra crrOMHlbe Y Be3H ca
:acHBOTorrHCOM Y MaHaCTHPY CBor 3aBH
qaja - TPOHOWH H rrpBH rrOCTaBJba
rrHTalbe rrOpeKJIa a6YJIe 0 lbeMY:
MJIH je OBO KaKBa I.(pKBeHa HCTopHja,

WIH caMO HapO):lHa rrpHIIOBHjeTKa.,

Te ce H TyMaqelba Kpeliy Y TOM rrpaBIJ;y.
TeMa crra):la Y I:(HKJIYC 0 Ka:KlbaBalbY
JbY):ICKHX rpeXOBa, 6H6JIHjcKor je nope

KJIa H YMHorOM rro):lcelia Ha 6H6JIHjCKY

JIereHj:\Y 0 CO):lOMH H fOMOPH (IIpBa
KlbHra MojcHjeBa, rn. 19,1-26), Koja je
jow 0):1 XIV B. n03HaTa rrpeKo rrpeBO):la
Y Fiore di Virtu, a 0):1 XV B. ce WHpWIa
H rJpeKO liHPWICKHX PYKonHca.
~a6YJIa ce nojaBJbYie Y npo3HoM H CTH~
XOBaHOM 06JImey H npHrrOB~):Ia o nyTO

BalbY cBeTaqa no 3eMJbH, cycpeTY. C

HeMHJIOCp):lHHM 60raTameM, qewlie

lberOBOM :aceHOM Koja Hehe HHlliTa ):Ia
HM Y):IeJIH. HacyrrpoT rOCrrO):lapHMa,
cHp0Mawaa CJlyra rrOKJIalba .CBY CBOjy
MYKOTPIIHY 3apa):ly (06HqHO, jarH>e
mI.(e). Cae 3a6eJIe:aceHe JIereHj:\apHe
rrpHqe 3aBpmaBajy ce JIOKaJIHHM rrpe
):IalbeM 0 nOTanalbY rpemHHKa H lbero
Bor HMalba Ha qHjeM MeCTy HaCTaje
je3epo (faBaHOBO, Eal1aTHHCKO, QPHO
Ha ,!J;YPMHTOPY, IIl1aBCKO\ EOpaqKo),
rronYT HaCTaHKa CJlaHOr Mopa Y CO):lOM
cKOj ):IOl1HHH. foqOrrpHMCTBO H MHJIO
.cpl)e je Harpal)eHo. CtJaceH je rr116Me.HHTH CJlyra, WIH npeMIi ):IPYrHM 'sapH. :jliHTaMa, CHpOTa. :aceH8 . Y;II;oBHI:(a' ca .
CHHOM.l Y l1ereH):IapHH.M 6aJ\a.t\aMa;
rpl:ll)eHHM no CTpYKTypH nprui.oBeTK-e,
HarnameHH cy oceliajHa KOMIIOHeHTa,
rrOHH3HOCT H 6e):la rrpocjaKa, OXOl1OCT H
ce6i:t:qaOCT rOCno):lapHIl;e (Koja HoraMa
rypa KOpy xne6a jeqMeRY, 0):1 TpH

I
:1

I
iii

I;;

~I,
!

::<

57
L

):IaHa netJeRY). l11IeMeHHTOCT CJlyre.

BeliHHa necaMa HcneBaHa je Y TORY

KJIalbaJIHI.(e, anH 60raTCTBOM OIIHC

HHX CJlHKa H KapaKTepH3au;HjoM l1HKO

Ba ):Io6Hja HCTHHCKY YMeTJIHqKY Bpe):l

HOCT. 2

H.M.-r...

1 B. BYK. PjC'IHHK 1818. 1852; BocaucKa Blilla

1891). V. Hl. cpo 154: 1891. XII,CTp. 81-88; 1899.

XIV. CTp. 5-6: Bpael'llo 1892. V, CTp. 36-39;

CpncKIi Mara3HH. HOll8 CajI, 1890. I. CTp. 114

1I'1'}!.

2 B. BYK. I. op. 2U1: J. BtlJl'lIIh. 218-221; MX. I,

op. 31 81'J\.

r ABPAH XAPAMSAmA. JYHaK H3

errCKHX HapO):lRHX necaMa, xaj):lyqKHX H
YCKO'JKHX. MMe faBpaa ):I0l1a3H 0):1
Ha):lHMKa 3a I:(pHOMalbaeror qOBeKa
(HCTO 3Ha tIH H ral1, raJIaCT == !\pH). HnJe

HCTopHjcKa l1HtIHOCT, al1H TaKB0 H

CJlH'IHO MYWKO HMe (B. CUlapaz, MU/lu

jo) jaBJba ce Mel)y xaj):l}'nHMa XVII B. Y
):Iy6pOJla'IKOM 3al1el)y, HaKO ce He
Mo:ace H1(eHTHHKOBaTH rrpeMa apXHB-'
CKOj rpal)H. Y rreCMaMa ce jaBJba H Kao
faBpaa CHlbaHHH, CHlbeBHIi H faBpaH
KaneTaij. Hajrr03HaTHjH je rrpeMa ne
CMH faBpaH xapaM6ama H JIHMO,
Koj,a je 311r1HCaHa Y BHIIIe BapHjaHaTa
(Ep~aHreHCKH PYf!:orrHC; By~, III).
P.lL

rABPUJJ.OBIffi, AtyqJa (1864-l929),

KH.H)KeBHH HCT'OPH'IIlP H KlbmKeBHHK; .
nHca.I:( B~9PHje. cprrCKe . H .l.cpBaTCKe
\ubioKeBHOCTl'I, KilO H HCTopHje' cprrCKe
'H XpBBTCKe KIbH:aceBHOCTl'I' YCMeHor
nOcTalba (1912). IIpoy'qaBaO HapO):lHe
npnnoBeTKe Ha KOMnapaTHBHoj OCHo
BH (36HPKY /l,8ooeceiIi. CPUCKUX nopoo
nt/x fipwlo8eooKo, Eeorpa):l 1906,

3Ha~lelbe je H HajpacnpoCTpalbeHHje; 6.
21925. nponpaTHo OeJIemKaMa, H3BO

y 3Ha'IefbY eiiillOJlOUlKo'l ilpeoalba CHC

pHMa, l1apaJIenaMa H Hal10MeHaMa 0

npHnoBeTKaMa). HapoP;He neCMe noc

TeMaTCKH ce ynoTpe6Jhasa y 30opHM

MaTpa C JJ:HHaMH'lKOr CTaHOBHmTa noc

Ky 3a HapOJJ:HH )!{HBOT H 06H'laje.

TaHKa, pa3BHjalba H npeOOJIHKOBalba

H.M.-t..
BpCTa: IIp60 uciilOPUjCKO 006a HllpO

ORe f1oe3uje, PaA JA3Y, 1903, CLIII,

fB03AEH 'lJ:OBEK. Y HameM HapOn

209-226; IIoRo6Ro ue6afbe llapOORO,
HOM npeA8lbY, 'IOBeKOB nOMara'l, '10
fJIac CKA, 1907, LXXII, 127-168;
BeKOJIHKH AHB; n03HaTHjH y repMaH
HajMJlaf;u KPYZ llapOOHUx ueca.M.a,
CKHM npCnalbHMa. )!{HBH Ha p;HY 6YHa
fOl.1HIIlfbH~a HHKone qymma, 1904,
pa. TIpeMa BYKY: BenHKH je... Byqe
XXIII, 95-136. EaBH ce H3yqaBalbeM
oyuy 3a COOOM, cne ope 3eMJhY. HJ1e 3a
HHTepHaUHoHanHHx MOTHBa, nojeJJ:H
lbOM opa3JJ:a Kao Aa OcaM BOJIOBa ope.
HMM JIHKOBHMa y HaponHoj noe3HjH,
H.M.-r...
neBa'lHMa, npOY'laBaol\HMa.
H.M.-r...
fE3EMAH, fcpxap.I1 (1888-1948).
HeMa'lKH CJIaBHCT8, npoq,ecop CJIaBHC
fATAJIHUA. BpCTa KpaTKe WaJhHBe
THKe HU HeMatlKoM YHHBep3HTeTY y
HapoJJ:He npHlloBeTKe Ha rpaHHWI Ha
TIpury 1932-1943. Haj3Ha'lajHHja cy My
pOJJ:He Hrpe, onHcKa 3arOHeTKH, aJIH
neJIa H3 OOJIaCTH Hawe HapoAHe KlbH
OnmHpHMja on lbe. HaMelbeHa 3aoaBH
)!{eBHOCTH, 0 enCKHM HapoAHHM neCMa
H BeApoM omTpelbY )J;yxa. lheHO ODHC
Ma, 0 XaCaHarHHMUH. 0 paTHH'lKO-na
HO nOCTaBJhalbe npooneMa - eTH'lKO,
TpHjapX<lJIHoj aHerJJ:OTH; KPHTHqKH
pa3YMcKo, CMHcaOHO - npeTnOCTaBJha
H3JJ:ao EpJlallZellCKIt PYKOUUC (1925),
pa3HocTpaHo n03HaBalbe npHpoAe
~OOpHHK cpncKoxpBaTcKHX Hap0JJ:HHx
CTBapH OKO KojHX npOOJIeM HaCTaje.
necaMa C nO'I. XVIII B.
CTBapH ce CTaBJhajy y Hey06H'lajeHe,
I'.n.
HaneTe CHTYP-QHje, H3. KOjHX ce MJIH
.TPIDKH H3JI83. MJIH 3aTBapalbe Y npBo
fEOfP A .,pC.KO-HCTOPHJCKA
6HTHO CT.albe. IIo3HaTa je raTaJIHua,
METOAA, . B. HCiUopujcKo-zeozpalp
Hnp. 0 BKY, KYrryCY H K03H Koje Tpeoa
CKa .M.eiIiooa.
npeBecTH npeKO peKe qaMueM 3a
Tpoje.
fHJL.,pEPAHHf (XHJI.,pEP.rurnr),
H.M.-r....
AJ1CKCBIIJl;BP .,pjOJl;OpOBH"I (1831-1872),
CJIaBHCT. Kao' PYCK1I KOH3YlI Y EOCHH,
fATKA (OA rJIa~oJIa r8TaTH). lIMa
nyTOBao 110 HaWHM KpajeBHMa; npoy
Bmue 3Haqelba, 3aBHCHO on Bp~MeHa H
'IaBao CJIOBeHCKe je3HKe H jy:lKHOCJIO
. iIonpyqja. 03Ha'laBa: 1. '3aZOllemKY (y
seHCKY HCTOPMjy. EaBHo ce npoyqa~
XVI BeKY KOf( XeKTopoBHha, y XIX
lbeM 11 caKynJh8lbeM PYCKHX enCKHX
KO.I1 BpqeBooa); 2. 6ac.M.Y (y XVII Bexy
Hap0JJ:HHx necaMa; 3Ha~aj!10 n0!IpHHeo
H KaCHMje y 'EoCHM); 3. iipu'lY Y 3Ha'le
HcnHTHBlllbY YJIore neBa'la y HaCTalfKy
lby JIH'lHe BH3Hje Aoraljaja; 4. upuu06e
H )!{MBOTY 6HJhHHa (encKHx necaMa
mKY Y' yonmTeHoM 3Ha'le~y (H Ha
OlbeWKOr nOJJ:pY'lja). 3aIIHcHBao Hame
cesepy H' y jy:lKHMjHM KpajeB~a, no
HapO}.lHe neCMe. a I.f H3 CTapHX pyKO~
':ATaHacHjy HHKOJIHhy H' BYKY); 5.'
nHca HX.o6jaB1Io y p;eJIY IIyUio6a1j>e uo
6ajKy.:-.')j.{eHCKy npHuoBeTKY ()l{eHCKe
!>oc~u, X~pllezci611.IlU
Ciilapoj Cpo.
c'j npHnOB.HjeTKe .OHe Y:KOjHM!l ce
6ttju (1859); npeaeJJ:eHo Ha HaIH'je3:RK'
np~oBlijeAajy. .KojeKaKBa q}t~eca wm'
.
. (CapajeBo, 1970):
He MO)!{e 6HTH, H no CBOj npHnHqH
I'.n.
caMO he 3a lbHX 6HTH pHjeq ZamKa,
lbeMaqKH Miirchen. Byx - npeArooop
f'lIHOCKH, naHajoT (1841-1886),
H3l.1albY npHllOBef(aKa H3 1853); 000
30orpaq" eTHorpaq" q,OJlKJIOPHCT,

u.'

58

JIeKCHKorpaq,. OnHrpao 3Ha~ajHY ylIO

ry Y I1poyqaBafbY KymypHor If HaUHo
HaJlHOr )!{HBOTa MMja'lKOr Kpaja H
MaKep;oHHje YODWTe. lberOBe ca6paHe
HaponHe YMOTBopHHe, OOH'laje H 'reo
rpaq,cKo-Tonorpaq,cKY rpa~y H3}.1ao
TIaBJIe POBHHCKH y IIeTporpa)J;y ()l{H
Ba CTapHHa IX-XIV, 189~1905).

ske naroone pesmi (CB. XV-1913. H

XVI-1923); Y npeAroBopy pacnpaBlha
o TeopMjH HapOnHe noe3Hje. I13JJ:ao H
encKe"'"l:J10aeHa'IKe neCMe (Stare :ta

loslIe).
H. M.-n.

fOBOPHH H3PA3H. BpCTa CHHTar

MaTCKHX HJIH pe'leHH~IKHX q,0pMYJIa,
Haj'lewlie MeTaq,opH'lKHX, Koje MOry
OHTH caMOCTaJIHe H HecaMOCTalIHe.
JIaKo ce yrpal)yjy y rOBop H CJIy:lKe Kao
HJIycrplll\Hja Ka3HBaHor. TIOTH'lY H3
Ij
pa3n H'll1T1IX nonpY'lja q,1I3H'lKOr 11
JJ:yxOBHor lKHBOTa, M3 o6wIaja H Bepo
Balba, lIH'repaType 11 YCMeHe KlbH)!{eB
He TpaAHI\Hje, OnlllTeJhynCKor H npo
<j:JeCHOHanHor 1ICKYCTBa, M3 KOHBeH
I\MOHanHHX Y3yca (c6p6e za -Aef;a,
xpaHa U 06paHa. wiilo 6u 6u, miilo
O.M.LlJbe He O.M.p3HY, OOOOJla, oa lluje
ypOKa, O() iloHilluja 00 ilUJIaiila, UUl
hepao 21 113 KO.1iCe, :HCU6a 6aiilpa, Kup
Jafba, il'leJta 3a KalIO.M., 006po jywpo).
Mory OHTH nojMoBHH H 6ecnojMoBHH,
OHOMaTollejcKH, HMHTaTHBHH (wall
oapa .M.aHOapa, KYKypeKy-ueiiiao HTn.).
y CaMOHHKJIe roBOpH~ 'H3pa3e cnap;ajy
OJIaroCJIOBH, KJIeTBe, 3aKJIeTBe H nope
I)elba. rOBOpHH H3pa3H CJIHKOBHTO
H3palKaBajy OCOOHHe, CTalbe CTBapH H
norat;aja (yoapell .M.OKP0.M. 'tapaUo.M.,
lla 6paili. Ha HOC, 1I3ahu he iilo fbe.M.Y 1lQ
1l0c).
.

H.M.-r...

fJlACHHK ETHOfPA.,pCKOf HH
CTHTYT A CAHY (Eeorpa}.l. I
1952). rOJJ:HmlbaK ETHorpaq,cKor HH
CTHTYTa. 06jaBJhyje pacnpaBe H'lJ1aH
Ke, He caMO C nonpY'Ija eTHoJlornje 11
eTHorpaq,Hje, Beli naje H3BewTaje C
TepeHa, xpOHHKe, 6eJIemKe H 6H6JIH
orpaq,Hj.e H H3 ,Q6JIaCTH YCMeHe KlbH
)!{eBHOCTH.

Ii

H. M.-D.

fJIACHHK ETHOfPA.,pCKOf MY
3EJA. TIoBpeMeHa ny6nHKal\Hja My3e
ja. EeorpaJJ:, 1926-1941; 1953. H naJhe.
IIo'leo H3JIa3HTH nOA ype}.lHHIIlTBOM E.
,[Wo6lbaKoBHBa. IIopeJJ: nperJIena palla
MY3eja, eTHorpa.q,cKHX 11 eTHOJIomKHX
CTYn1lja, nojaBJhyjy ce C BpeMeHa Ha
Bpe~e 11 'ffiaHl\H H3 HapOnme KlbH)!{eB
HOCTH.

H.M.-r...

H. M.-r...

fJIOHAP, JO)!{B (1885-1946)., KJIaClf

qH1I q,H.1IolIor, CJ1aBHCT, KOMnapaTHCT,
KlbH)!{eBHH' .MCTopH~ap. eTHorpaq"
JIeKCHKorpaq,. EaBHo Ce eCTeTHKOM H
CTHJIHCTHKOM. YpeAHHK ABejy 36HPKH
necaMa CnoBeHcKe MaTlIl\e Sloven

fOJJ:HWIbHUA HHKOJlE 'lJ:YnH

nAt fOHHlulbaK 3ai\y)!{6HHe HHKone
1.JYUHlia, H3JIa3HO C npeKH].tHMa Y Eeo
rpany (KH. I-L, on 1877-1941). TIopeJJ:<
CTYJJ:Hja il3 HCTOpHje 11 JIHTepaType,
HaJBeliH opoj je OMO nocBe\i.eH H3yqa
BalbY HapoAHe KH.1I)!{eBHOCTH y 'OAHO
CMMa HCTopHje H HapOJJ:He noe3Hje,
i1p06JIeMY K0C:0BCKHX necliMa.. nony
JIapHOCTH MapKa Kp'aJheBHha, necaJ:i'a
IlpBor cpncKor .yo/aHKa; n9HOCHO
..I!pHMt;pe ~alba: YCMeHe llOC3Hje yono
I1ITe, KOHKpeTHe npHMepe, BapHjaHTe,
MTn. Capai\HHUH cy OHJIH 311a'lajHH
. HaY'IHHl\H OHara speMeHa (ll. PyBa
pa1.\, CT. HOBaKOBHh, CpeTa CTOjKO

59

BlIh, AH~pa raBpHJlOBHh, lb. KOBa"le

BHh). Y Klb1l311 L cy 6116JIlIOrpa<j:lCKlI
nO.Ita~ CTY.Itllja 1I3 HapO~He KlbIDKeB
HOCTlI 1I cpommopa.

p.n.

H.M.-J;.

rocnoJl GAPOJlA (NaroCilo ra

flje1/ega vojJcaka). He}KHa oana;n;a, no
3HaTa y HeKOJIHKO sep3Hja (Slove1/ske
ljudske pesmi I. op. 6), 0 CMpTH jYHaKa
Bapo~e, 0 lberOBOM CaMPTHOM aMaHe
Ty CJIY3H, 0 npHjaTeJbCTBY, O"lHHcKOj
Jby6aBH H y;n;oBH<IKoj TY3H.

rOJKO MPlLABttEBH'fi, B. MplbaB

'teBuhu.

rOJIEHHIDttEB-KYTY30B, JilJJaja
I:fu.a (1904-1969). IIlIca~ 1I npeBO~H
JIa~. YnopenHY KlbIDKeBHOCT 1I <j:lpaH
~CKlI je311K cTy):lHpaO y Beorpa):ly,

rpAGAHUMJAW (JIaT. necrornan

tes; HT8n. negrornanzia, grarnanzia
grabancia). }l,HjaK, j)aK. lIo HapO):lHHM
npHnoBeTKaMa H npe;n;albHMa, qap06
lbaK HaTnpHpOAHe CHJIe, H3rOHH 3Maja,
BO):lH rpa;n;OHocHe oonaKe, pBe ce ca
aJIOM, APyryje C BHnaMa H j)aBOJIOM.
IIoHeKH j)8K-OorocnOB nOCTaHe rpa
oaH~jalll KOjH H3Y<IH 1I })TPHHaeCTY
IIlKOJIY H.o~e Ha })BP3HHO KOJIO (no
HMeHY cpeAlbOBeKoBHor Maj)1I0HH"lapa
BeprnJIHja). BpojHe cY npHnOBeTKe ca
OBOM TeMOM Y CJIOBeHHjH.H XPBBT
cKOj; Y Hapo~Ho npHnOBeAalbe y~me cy
nocpe):lCTBOM ~pKBeHHx Jby;n;lI.
H.M.-'S.

enyta .

rpAJlCKA nECMA,'

HapOOCKe

rPA'BAHCKA nOE3UJA,

B.

Ha

pOOCKe fieCMe.

rpAHH'IAPCKA EnMKA. MCTO

PHjCKO-XpOHIl'lapCKe enCKe neCMe 0
00p6aMa H )KHBOTY paTHHKa BojHe
KpajHHe, no;n;pY'Jja Ha jY}KHIIM rpaHll
~aMa AYCTPHje (XVI-XIX BeK, C npe
KHAHMa), Koje cy HaCeJbaBanH K80 npo
cpecHOHaJlHa aojCKa JbYAH H3 KpajeBa
jY}KHO 0)'1 Case Ii }l,YHana, qeCTO npe
oeSH H3 TypcKe. I1pe;n;CTaBJbajy noce
oaH, penaTltBHO HOBHjll CJloj enCKor
HapOAHor, HapoAcKor neaalba KOjH
ce O~JIltKyje JlOKaJIHOM TeMaTHKoM;
CTHJICKlIM H KOMnosHrnioHIIM ocooMHa
Ma, Kao It Ha'lHHOM cTBapalba 1I
npeHornelba. OBe ce neCMe AeJIHMH'!:HO
oCJIalbajy It Ha CTapy encxy TPaAH~jy.
OneBajy MaCOBHe oojeBe, noxoAe
rpaHlI<Iapa ca HCTH~albeM npona
raH;n;HOr, aYCTpHjcKor naTpHo,!"3Ma 1I
nOMHlbalbeM HMeHa KOMaHAaHaTa H
MeCTa 36HBalba. Hajqernhe cy y Aece
Tep~y H ca aKOnltpaHOM P"MOM, y KO
nOKBHjaJIHOM . ){{aprOHCKoM je3MKY
CTBapajy lIX nHCMeHlI Jby~lI, HlI>KH

o<j:lH~HPll H cn .. O<IYBaHe.cy no PYKD

nHCHHM necMap~~aMa XVII-XIX B,:

"3a 15ypfjeM je Koey oape<iaAa,

3a aesepOM AU/Ie U3'ipOUJIa,
.u 3a 6paiiioM o~u U3SaaUJIa.
Kocy peJl(;e, Koea oueiii paciIi.e,
: AUlle zpau, a AU/Ie IPpaoUia, .
aAU OilU He MOZY uapaciiiu,
HU~U epl{e 3a 6paiiioM p6fjeH;UM. .

p.n
rpf\~EHAYEP, HBaa (1880-1964),
KlbIDKeBHH HCTopHtlap, nlljane~ToJior,
~THorp'at\>; CJlaBHCT H repMa~mCT; Ja~ ..
. fHHeB; .6e'IKH Ijai. 'J?itBHO ce ~lI>KeB-: .
HOHCTopMjcimM, KOMnapaTMBHHM npo
6neMHMa. lberoBo rJIaBHO' HHTepeco- .
Balbe 6HJIO je oKpeHYTo HCTOPlljH:
cnOBeHCKe nHCMeHOCTlI H YCMeHoj
Klbll>Ke~1I0CTH. OCHHBaq je MHCTHTYTa
3a CJlOBeHCKO Hapo;n;oIIllcje, qJIaH

CBOjllM THllCKIIM, npHeKJIe OrpaHlI"le

HHM a HnaK Pa3HOBPCHlIM MoryhHOCTH
Ma, rpana~ja OTKpHBa OOll"lajaa, nCM
XOJlOrnKa, peJlHrn03Ha, eTlI"lKa CTaHD
BHIIITa 3aje;n;mme H HapOAHor neBaqa.

B.

iieCMe.

(BYK. 11304):

tIl"

60

1/258-297.

OBO He;n;eno, Ha BpXy rpana~lIje rpexo

Ba ~ooHja "leCTO OOJIHK H3peKe Kylje
HHK je rOTOB ocyljeHHK,2 nocrajyhH
nponHC KOjll ce y oOll"lajHoM naTPH
japxanHoM Ko~eKCY He. CMe npeKp
IIlHTH H nojaBJbyje ce y CBIIM BpcraMa
YCMeHe Klbll>KeBHOCTH. .
Y nHpcKoj' noe3HjH, rpaAaQHja MO}Ke
npenCTaBJbaTlI ~eJIOBHTy KOMn03H
QUORY'cxeMY neCMe,3 nOMohy Koje ce
KOHli.peT~3yje lbeHa caAP}KHHa, OCT
Bapyje' ce npeo6pahalbe noeTCKor
Tpona y noeTCICY qHlbe~y - cIDKejay
KOHCTPYKQiijy. M ynpaBo s60r Tora,
OBa noeTcKa qlllbeHlI~a AooHja ~Hary
ny60Kor HHAHBH;n;yanHor ocehalba, qH
ja ce HCTHHHTOCT nOTBp~yje nOHaB.iba
HOM.ynOTPe6oM n03HaTor YMeTHlI"lKor
nOCTynKa:

P. rIo

rpAJlAUMJA (naT.). Yooll'IajeH yMe

THlItIKH IIOCTYflaK Kojli !,OPHCTH YCMe
rOJIYGAH . . CJIyra cpncKor KHe3a
Aa KlbH}KeBHOCT. ITpe):lCTaBJba BPCTY
JIa3apa. lIoMlIlbe ce Y neCMH l(ap
Haopajalba. 3aCHHBa ce Ha nopeljelby H
. JIa3ap H ~apHlla MHJlHlla (Byx II). He
napanenH3My. C npBlIM "lJIaHOM rpa
}Kenll ;n;a o;n; 60ja HB KOCOBY 1I3OCTa~e,
~awije . nope):le ce OCTaJIH "lJIaHOBlI,
HaKO MY JIa3ap oAoopaBa ):Ia Ha ~BOpy
<lHja jatlHHa paCTe (KJIlIMaKC) HJIH
OCTaHe Y3 MHJl~, Koja .HHje:qHor o~
on8~a (aHTHKJIHMaKC), y HCTO BpeMe
AeBeT 6pa~e JY~BlIha He ycne';n;a
nopeAehH ce. H Mej)y c06oM. nope;n;
HaMOJIlI):Ia y 60j He lI;n;y. M cnyra;Kao H
Tora IIlTO lIMa' <j:lYHKQHjy HHTeH~HBH
BeJIlIKanlH; CMaTPa Y"leIIlhe y 60jy 3a
palba H HHjaHcHpalba ocenalba 1I pa~
0~6paHY 3eMJbe IIlITlllbeM "laCTH.
.
nOnO)K.elba, YHOIIlelba AHHaMHqHOCTH y
MMe rO.ny6aH HHje "leCTq Y Hlip(?AHHM .
30HBalbe, rpa;n;aQUja OTKpHBB H nCH
neCl4aMa. BepOBaT.HO . :lUinOKOpHCTH- .
'XOJIornjy JIHKQBa (yn. O;n;HOC H3.Mel)y
K9H, ann ce KOjH nyr jaBJb8 H.Kilo
. ~apa }l,ylUaHa lI'MlIlIpIIla BojHHOB~~
MapKa KpalbeBHha (KpruieBHh Map
. y )KeHH.!(6H .uYIIlaHoBOj). He MalbH
KO H Mima o~ I(ocrypa, Byx
3Ha<Iaj rpaAa~Hja HMa y CTeneltoBalbY
p.n.
H o~elbHBalby MopanHHx BpeAHocTlI
HJIH OCY):lH aMopanHHX nocrynaKa. Y
rOHETAJIHIl:A. 3aroHeTKa (y JIO
OOIlMHOM Kpyry necaMa 0 BeJIlIKOM
KanHHM rOBOpIIMa); }KeHCKO "leJba;n;e
rpeIIlHHKY, cpe~HIIlHH Aeo npe):lCTaBJba

1 EB. UIHI\. III. err. 154.

2 M. BCfIlllllh.)I( ",wiTt Cp6a 'ipaHu'<apa, CTp. 55.

3 Yn. II!!:! lIaplljaffll'l'a JI,yoaBIIHx necaMa, BYK

IIliiio e' y6uo uoUa Ha OAiiiapy,

Do'ia MOAU, 60'i iiiu upociiiuiii' xo!i.e.
IIliIi.o o6.!by6u aeaHaeCiIi. ajesojaKa
H iiipuHeciiiy uoceciiipllMY iiieojy
Doza MOAU, DO'i iiiu upociiiuiii' xohe.
IIliIi.o OMpa3U cupoiiiy ajeeOjKY
Do"ia MOAU, DOZ iIi.u upoeiiiuiii' He!i.e
Huiiiu !i.e iiie 3eM.!ba Y30paiiiu!1

H. M.-'S.

BlIo je npo<j:lecop I'lIMHa311je Y ):(yo.

POBHHKY H Beorpa~y. npe~aBao Ha
WHJl030CPCKOM <j:laKymeTY y Beo
rpa;n;y. Capaj)HBao y OpOjHHM "laCOIIll
CHMa 1I MHoro npeBO~1I0 C pYCKor,
YKpajHHcKor, <j:lpaHllYCKor, nInaHCKOr,
eHrJIeCKor. 0):1 1955. Pa):lHO Y CCCP-y,
Y MHCTlITyTy CBeTCKe KlbIDKeBHOCTlI H
npeAaBao Ha YHHBep3HTeTY Y MOCKBH
HTaJIHjaHcKY 1I <j:lpaH~cKY KlbIDKeB
HOCT. Y npaTlbH aMepll"lKOr HaY"lHHKa
M. lIepHja (1933-1935), no Xep~e~
rOBHHlI, BOCH~ 1I }l,anM~jH, diM je
6eJIe}KHO HapO;n;He neCMe. lIpeBoAlIO je
HaIIle enCKe HapoAHe neCMe Ha PYCKH H
lllIcao 0 cpncKoxpBaTcKoj e~.

H.M.-J;.

lICnOBeCT rpernHHKa. Y npeAcMpTHoj

aroHlIjH
OH pelja cBOja He;n;ena y
pa3HHMBaPHja~HjaMa (06Jbyoa KyMe,
y6HCTBO no6paTHMa, AH3albe pYKe Ha
pOAHTeJbe, npOCHnalbe CBeTe JIlITYprn
je, Kpalja ~pKseHor OJIara, HaCHJbe HaA
Kanyi)epHMa H CBernTeHH~a), ~a 611
Ha Kpajy lICnOBeAHO H CBoj HajTe}KH
rpex ~a je CKYAHO ):IeBojKY - rpex o;n;
Kora onpOIIlTelba HeMa:

Koje 3arOHeTa; Hapo~Ha Hrpa y KOjOj ce

npCTeH KpHje y pyKe.
B. 3azoHei1lKa.

61

fPHM, JaKoo (Jacob Grimm, 1785

CA3Y. HanHCaO HCTOpHjy CJIOBeHa

'IKe YCMeHe KlbH}KeBHOCTH (Narodllo

pesllistvo,

Narodopisje

1863), q)HJIoJIor, HCTpa)KHBa'l HeMa

'IKHX CTapHHa, H3):1aBa'l Hapo):lHHX yMO
TBopHHa, 3a'IeTHHK caoHpalba H
H3Y'IaBaiba HapO~HHX npHnOBe):laKa H
npe~alba, Kao H oOH'lajHor npaBa (Die

S/ovel1.c.e.v. ,

21952, II, CTp. 12-85). IloceoHe MOHO

rpa<j)Hje nOCBeTHO je noje~HHHM TeMa
Ma H MOTHBHMa YCMeHe KlbJiOKeBHOCTH

(epa Vida, studija 0 izvoru i razvoju

in raikroju narodne balade 0 epi
Vidi, Jhy6JbaHa 1943, 21965; Sloven
sko-kajkavske bajke 0 Rojenicah So
jenicah, ETHOJIOr 17, Jhy6JbaHa
1945; Slovenske pripovedke 0 kralju
Matjazu, CA3Y, 4, 11HCTHTYT 3a
CJIOBeHCKO Hapo~onHcje 1, 1951; Spo
korjeni gresnik, CA3Y, ~eJIa 19, 11H
CTHTyT 3a CJIOBeHCKO Hapo~onHcje, 8,
1965. H~p.
H.M.-n.

fPfE.Q, neTap (1890-1962), rHMHa3H

jCKH npo<j)ecop, nHcau, ecejHCT, npe
BO):lMau, H~eOJIOr xpBaTcKor KaTOJIH
'1KOr nOKpeTa. CTY~Hpao KJIaCH'IHe
je3HKe. EaBHo ce npoy'laBalbeM Hapo
):\He KlbJiOKeBHOCTH, OCOOHTO y O~HOCY
Ha KJIaCH'IHe enOBe. IlpHpe~Ho H300pe
HapO~HHX necaMa; H3~ao KlbHry Pa360j
xp6aiIicKoi HapooHoi iijecHumiIi6a'
(3arpeo. 1944). qeCTo je ynoTpepJba
Bao nceY):lOHHMe. H3Me\)y OCTaJIHX H
fyCJIap - KpoHH'lap.
p.n.

fPHfOPOBH'I,

BUKTOP (1815
1876), PYCKH HaY'lHHK. CJIaBHCT H
<j)HJIOJIOr. IloCJIe BYKa KapaUHha
npBH caKynJbaO MaKe~OHCKe HapOnHe
neCMe. Kao ~OueHT Ka3albCKOr YHH
Bep3HTeTa nOCJIaT y MaKe~oHHjy H
'EyrapcKY ~a OH yn03HaoCJIOBeHCKO
CTaHOBHHWTBO no~ TypCKOM BJIlUnhy.
y. COJIYHY 3anHcyje MaKe):lOHCKe neCMe
0):1 ):I~aHaeCToro):lHin~er' ):Ie'laKa Ko
CMe C faJIH'IHHKa. YTHuao;Ha KacHHjH
caKynJba~KH pa):l 6pahe MHJIa):lH
HOBaua:. IlpBH YO'lHO. Ha caMOM Te
peHy .pa3JIHKe H3Me\)y.. MaK~~OHCKor H
oyrapcKor je3HKa:t
'.

.'

H. M.-1>

1Yn. X. TIoJleHaKOBHh, Oo6pallu iIipY006U, TOM

II, CTp. 102.

Kinder lind Hausmiirchen, Deutsche

Sagen, Die Deutsche Mythologie).
.IJ:ollIaBllIH Y Eetl 1815, npeKo KonH
Tapa ce yn03Hao C BYKOBHM pa~OM H
HaytlHo ce 3aHHTepecOBao 3a cpncKy
HapO):lHY KlbH)KeBHOCT; y<rn:o je H yno
3Hao Halll je3HK; OHO nO):lCTpeKa'l H
nOMara'l BYKOB y pacnpocTHpalby
CJIaBe HHllIe HapOnHe KlbJiOKeBHOCTH.
MHoro je ):IOnpHHeO):la ce 3a lby 3alm
Tepecyje, 20-HX ro~HHa npOllIJIOr BeKa,
JoxaH BompraHr feTe; Ha'lHHHO je
npeBO)l BYKOBe rpaMaTHKe H HanHcao
npe):lroBop HeMa'IKOM npeBO):ly HallIHX
HaponHHX npHnOBeAaKa, KOjH je ypanH
JIa BYKOBU diM MHHa; npHKa3HBao je
BYKoBe 30HpKe HapOnHHX necaMa:
njecHapllllY H3 1814. H KlbHre T3B.
lla.im.\HUlKor H3nalba (1823. III Klb"
1923. II Klb., 1824. I Klb.), Y n03HaTOM H
yrJIenHOM 'IaCOnHcy Got~ingische
gelehrte Anzeigen. CaBeTHMa je non
CTHuao pan Ha npeBo\)elby HallIHX Ha
pO~HHX necaMa T. A. L. fon Jakob, H
npHKa3Bo lbeH npeBOn. FberoB nonpH
HOC yn03HaBaibY CBeTa C HallIOM Hapo
. ;t'(HOM KIbH)KeBHolIlhy HMao je H3Y3eT
HO BeJIHKH 3Ha'Iaj.
'

p.n.

fPOKTAlllf.QE.

HapO):lHe neCMe
EYlbeBal\a (OKOJIHHa Cy6OTHI.\e). ile~
Bajy ce H3 maca. oe3 My3u'IKe npaTlbe.
DOJIHKPM H ca;t'(p)KHHOM <?nrOB!)pajy
enCKHM neCMaMa H enCKO-JIHPCKHM;
Ha3DBajy ce n ci;lai1108CKe.

p.n.

OH (BYK III 6) BHJIa 3aceHH O'iH a.ero

BOM noopaTllMy rp'lHhy MaHojJlY.
EncKH OMHJbeHa TeMa 0 HeBepHoj
)KeHH H MajQH Koja My)Ka H3~aje
TYPUHMa n y'lHHH ;t'(a CTpa~a MY)K H
HejaKH CHH, 3aTHM 0 nO~BHl)' rJIrumor
jyHaKa H THnH30BaHoj Ka3HH Koja He
BepHHQY CTH)Ke, oopa\)eHa je y je~Hoj

on HajJIenllIHX enCKHX necaMa xajJl:Y'l

Kor Kpyra (HeBjepa Jbyoe rpyjH
"IHHe, BYK III 7). BHcoKa YMeTHH'IKa
BpenHOCT neCMe HCnOJbaBa ce y oneBa
lby ~HpJbHBe, He)KHe JbyoaBH oQa-xaj
nYKa npeMa MaJIeHOM cHHY. HacynpOT
OKPYTHOCTH MajKe-HeBepHHI.\e, 3a Kojy
y neqjeM cPQY oCTaje JbyGaB H nOCJIe
CBHX naTlbH.113Y3eTHa <j)H3.lf'1Ka JIeno
Ta fpyjH'IHHa je ocooHHa OKO Koje ee

nJIeTY 3aHHMJbHBH enCKH CJiOKeH, OHJIO

na ce HCTH<IY jYHa'iKH nOnBH3H MH
HOBeJIHCTH'IKo-poMaHTH'IHe aBaHType
(y neCMH fpyjHQa H nalIla 0):1 3arop
ja, BYK 11115). MJIa):lH xaj;t'(YK H
npy)KHHa HaMaMe TypKe nOllITO ce
npepyllIe y ~eBojKe, Te HM ee OCBeTe.
DBaj CJiOKe ee Be3yje H 3a ;t'(pyre MJI~e
H JIene xaji\YKe, Hnp. 3a .Il.HjeTe

-MapHjaiJa H3 ~py)KHHe M. T014Hha. Y

neCt-fH HoBaK H' PanHBojnpo~ajy
fpyjHQY (BYK 111/2) QneBa ce fpy
jH'IHHa MJIa~HhKa CHara H JIenOTa Ha

KOjy ce CJIaKOMH TypKHlba, oyJIa-Y):lo

BDQa, Te ra OTKynH H ooraTo ~apyje,a

fpyjrola HCKpaBIIIH ee, oJIaro O~HOCH y
',r-opy, ~Py)KHHH. Doe OBe neCMe, nopen
CJIaBJbelba jYHallITBa, OAJIHKyjy ce H
OCOOHTOM BPCTOM XyMopa. ca epOT
CKHM aCOl.\Hjal.\HjaMa, llITO je o~roBapa
JIO xaj~Y'lKoj cpeJl:HHH, r;t'(e cy CBaKaKO
H HaCTaJIe.,
p.n..

BeoMl1.nonYJIapaH.jYHaf<:, CHH CTapooe

!-JQBaJ<;8, 3a KOra ce Be3yjy: enCKH
. OMHJheHe TeMe 0 :oKeHH1\6H: 0 HeBepHoj .
. Jbyon H ~p. HaPoAHa TpanHI.\Hja ra
nOBe3yje C HaTnpHpOnHHM onhHMa:
Hnp.. fpyjHuY pa\)a BMa KOjy je HOBaK
OTeo (EOrHIIIHh. 39J; Y neCMH 0 :>ieHH1\
62

H,M.-1>-

fPqlfll MAHOJJIO. llHK H3 Hapo~

HHX necaMa; Haj'lellIhe HeBepaH jYHaK,

KyM, noOpaTHM. 3a OBO HMe Be3yje ce

npaCTapa TeMa 0 neTeTY npeTBopeHOM

y jara.e H 3aKJIaHOM. HajBepoBaTHHje

HHje HCTopHjcKa JIH'IHOCT. 'tleCTo HMe

3a rpK8 (KYMOBalbe rp'lHha Ma

HojJIa).

H. M.-'];.

fP'BIf'li.-BJEJlOKOH'fi,

'JIyK3

(1857-1918), caKynJba'l HapOnHHX

YMOTBopHHa, Tep3nja. 'IHHOBHHK. Y
KlbH3H 113 Hllpooa /I 0 Hapooy, I-III,
1896-1898, onHcyje HapO):\HH )KHBOT,
o6H'laje. IloeeoHo ce oaBH cpnCKHM
HapO~HHM HrpaMa H jeJIHMa y bOCHH H
XepQerOlmHH. 30HpKa CiiloiIiuHa ma
JbU6ILl: ilplI"Ia oojaBJbeHa je y MocTapy
1904.

H.M.-li'.

fPqlfll, CTjenail (1879-1932), <j)OJIK-'

JIOpHCT, cClKynJba'l Hapo~HHX neCaMa,
HapollHTO y CHlb.CKOj KpajHHH, r~e je
6HO <j)p'lTap. D~ rycJIapa bO)Ka .IJ:OM
lbaKa 3aOCJIe)KHO npeR;o 30000 CTHXO
Ba. iloceoHo ce GaBH enHKOM (CU1'bcKe
Hapooite ii.jecMe u flpu"la1ba, CnJIHT
1920; KoiTtapClce Hapoone iijecMe, mH
oeHHK 1930, KpaJbeBUh MapKo, CnJIHT
1932; Ce1bCKe HapooHe iijecMe, 3arpeo
1943).
.
H. M.-'];.

fPqE fOPfHJE H

~POCHHA.

fYCEB. BUKTOP EBI'eBeBB~ (po\)eH

. 1918), pyqm CJIaBHe'l". TeOpeTH'lap H
HCTOp'HI~lp. <j)OJIKJIOpa, TeaTpo.IIor;
j~ H np.eMa nHcaHHM H3BopHMa, ynaTa
BHrnerOAHIIJlbH. OnroBopHH ype):lHHK .
noe-ra.lia .i:by6aBHifi:(a CHHa 3JIOr.naCHor .
'.IaconUca 'PYCCKHH <j)OJIbKJIOp. Q~
Ann-nallHi JaHHHCKor: .IJ:i:t 6H 3a;t'(ooo;
. HeKO.lJHKO KihHra, jenHY; nocBe~eay
JbHO CBOjy npeBapeay CHaxy; AnH-na
eCTeTHQH <j)OJIKJIOpa', YMHOrOM 3aCHH
lIla Hape\)yje na ce 'pOCHHa YOHje.
Ba Ha HallIoj rpa\)H (1967). CJla6.J!H
IlecMa Jl:aje M.3BaHpenHe onnee KOOHe
CKlle ilapl7iu3aH.CKUe iiecHu, oojaBJbyje
JIenOTe, H npO):ly)KaBajyhH lbeHe npe;t'(11CTopHjcKa

fPYJIf.QA HO'BAKOBIfll. Encim

CMpTHe TpeHyTKe ;t'(HjaJIoroM, ncHXO

JIOllIKH Ilpo~yOJbyje OnHOC OIT'lHlbeHOr

l.IeJIaTa, rp'leTa nop~M.ja. npeMa

MJla~oj )KeHH. Koja onxpBaHa npe

~ocehalbeM nOKyrnaBa na ra yMHJIOC

THBD.

OaJIana. (manKapeB,

:)60PHUK, 189i), 0 JIenoj <J;I.pOCHHH J.<Dja

63

1979. BaBH ce Be3aMa B)'Ka KapaI,mha

C PYCKOM HaYKoM, KPHTHKOM H
Hay'lHHQHMa (PyccKaa JIHTepaTypa,
1964, No.2; Alta}JH 4>4>,1964; Pa,Q XI
KOHrpeca CIPJ). Pa3MaTpa IIpoy'la

Balba Hame HapO):lHe KlbIDKeBHOCTH y

CCCP-y (HayqHH caCTaHaK enaBHCTa,
MCU, 1977) H YOIIIllTe MeTO):Ie H3y
'1aBaliba q,oJIKJIopa (PYCCKHA q,OJIbK
JIOp, Klb. XI, 1968; O):lHOCe CnHcaHOM

KlbIDKeBHomliy - POJlb cjJOJlbKJlOpa 6

'IeCTO H H3 npaTlby TaM6ypc; H311p:lKa

BaJIH cy HX 6erOBH - MeQeHe, M6po Ka

pa6emBHh, MeXMCp; KOJIaKOBHH H IIp.

p.n.

fYCJIAPCKA nECMA. EnCKa Ha

pO):lHa neCMa y Jl:eceTepa'IKOM CTmy,

Koja ce y3 ryene rreBa; Haj'lemlie ce

O):lHOCH Ha HCTOPHjCKH p;orabaj HJIH

nH'IHOCT.

}l;ASA, B. XPOMU Jla6a.

P.II_

cjJ0pMup06aH.UU xYOO:JiCeCiil6eH.1lOU KY
Jlbiilypu CJla6~H.CKUX H.ap0006, MaTe

fYCJIE. Hapo):lHH rY):la'lKH J.IHCTpy

MeHT, caCTojH CC Oil KapnHQe rrpeKO
Koje je rrpeBY'leHa 3aTerHYTa KOlKa Kao
Ha 6y6lby H 0):1 ryAana (CTpYJ:Ie cy 0):1
KOlbCKe AJIaKe). fyene ce rpa):le 0):1
pa3HHX BpCTa ):IpBeTa, nOHeKa):l op;
MeTaJIa (Hajrr03HaTHje rycm: jaBopo
Be). Y HajcTapHjeM cprrCKOM rrCaJITH
py C TYM<ltlelbHMa, KOjH je 1346. nHcao
JOBaH EoroenoB 3a EpaHKa Mna
Jl:eHoBHlin - oQa BYKa EpaHKOBl:llia, He
caMO P;1l ce cnOMHlbY ryene (nojTe
rOCnO):leBH Ba rYCJIe), Beli ce {'OBOPH H
H_M.-'B.
o lbHXOBOj YJI03H: Ca):lymejy cHpe'l,
ryCJIH 60 p;yma jecT. a neBQa je3HK 6e3
fYCJIAP. 'lIoBeK KOjH CBHpa y3 ryene
Hero 60 nyma rJIaroJIaTH He MO>KeT
(zycJla'l je CTapHjH 06nHK). Pe'l ce
(llc. XCVII, 511). Y CTapHjoj peJl:aKQH
jaBJba H KOA ApyrHx enOBeHCKHX Hapo
jH TeKCTIl - CHHajcKoM nCaJITHpy H3 XI
):Ia. .n;aHac 03Ha'iaBa neBa'la eI;ICKHX
B. - ryene ce TaKolJe Cn~MHlby Ha BHlIIe
'Hapo):\HHX necaMa. 110 B:. KapaUHHY,
MeCTa, a HemTO paHHje rrpe3BHTep
no'l. XIX B. 6Hno je MHoro rycnapa
K03Ma
Ben ce .OOpH IIpOTHB' lbHX H
jyX<HO OA CaBe H ;UYHaBa, HapO'lHTO y
6eCOBCKHX necaMa. IIpeTnoCTaBKa ):Ia
IIJIaHHHCKHM IIpe):lenHMa. Op; ):IaBHHHa
cy ryene . Koje cy ):IoCTa CJIH'lHe aparr
je n03HilT npoq,ecHoHanHH rycnap-.
CKOM HHcTpy~eHTypa6a6e (HMa jeJl:HY
. -enerraQ, KOjH rropep; rreBaliba encKHX
lKHQY 0):1 KOlibCKe Jl:JIaKe), ):Iomne Mel)y
IIecaMa, Heryje noce6aH BHP; neBalba ):Ia
. jY:lKHe CJIOBeHe npeKo BH3aHTHjcKo
6H HcrrpOCHO MHJIOCTHlbY (KJI(l1baJIU1Ia,
-apancKe' KpajHHe. H MeJl:HTep~Ha y IX
CJleUa'llCa ueCMa): 1I03HaTe cy ]:I enene
lKeHe-ryenapKe.
.
H X B., pe3YJITaT je HOBHjHX HCTpa
Hapo'lHT BH):\ npoq,ecHOHaJIHHX neBa
>KHBalba q,OJlKnOpHCTa, opHjeHTaJlH
'1a-:-ryenapa o):lJ?>Kao ce):lO no'l. XX B.y . CTa H MY3HK01l0ra (KojHMa ";f0ry'KOPH
EocaHcKoj KpajHHH - 6eroBCKH neBa
CTHTH H CBe):lO'Ielba apanCKH,X nyI'.HHKa
'1H. QHO cy. neBaJIH MYCnHMaHcKe el1-' H3 {(B:)"
,'.
,eKe HiJ,pO):lHe. ~ecMe,. KpajHlIIKor'THtia,
H.M.-1\.

}l;ASOf. BeJlHKH 601' MpTBHX KOjH

CTOjH Ha '1eny Hamer naHTeOHa. Y
npeJl:albY ra '1eCTO 3aMelbyjy BPXOBHH
CBeQH (CB. JOBaH, CB. Caaa, CB. 'BoplJe,
CB. ApxaHl)eJI, CB. lfHKona) .n;a60r je
HaQHOHaJIHH cynapHHK xpHmnaHCKor
60ra, '1eCTO HonHH KOlbaHHK, 601' PY):I
HHKa, cpe6pHH 601'.

PHjaJIH MelK):IYHapO):lHoj KOHq,epeHI{lU[

YHeCKO, MOCKBa HaYKa, 1978). IIpe
BacXOAHO nOJbe lberOBor HHTepeco
Balba je napTH3aHCKa HapO):lHa neCMa,
q,OJIKJIOP H3 HOB-a. IIpaTH Ha'lHHe
YCMeHo--YMeTHH'IKe TpaHCn03HQHje
HCTopHje (CJla6~cKuTl cjJOJlbKJIOp u
uciilopu~, MOCKBa, 1965, CTp. 208
261). .n;ao HH3 npHKa3a H3 jyroeno
BeHCKe q,OJIKnOpHCTHKe, Kao H H3Be
mTaje 0 CaBpeMeHOM ryenalby H ryc
JIapHMa.

B. TpajaH..
H.M.--S_

i.
I

}l;ABOPH (J.\3BopHja). Ha3~ 3a errCKe

neCMe. CnOMHlbe ra TYPCKH xpoHH'Iap
lIe'leBH, Beli nO'IeTKOM XVIl B. 6ene-
. >KeliH Aa ce Y EOCHH neBajy IIeCMe 0
. AnHjH 'Bep3eJIe3Y Ha je3HKY HeBep
HHKa, Koje ce 30BY ):IaBopH. 03Ha'iaBa
H TY:lKHY necMY Y OOJIHKY oa6op. IIpe):l
CTaBJba Y3BHK y Hapo):lHoj neCMH Y 3Ha-
'1elbY aBaj:
.
.n;aBop, Myjo, BeJlHKa lK~OCTH!
RM.-1\.

YCKO'IKor Kpyra (EpJlaHreHCKH pyKo

nHC, BYK, III), Y KacHHje 3anHCaHHM
IIeCMaMa (MaTHl\a xpBaTCKa) .n;OBO):lH
ce y Be3y, enCKHM aHaxpOHH3MOM, ca
cTapHjHM jYHaQHMa. cpnCKHM l\apeM
CTjenaHoM H KpaJbeBHneM MapKOM.

p.n.
}l;AHHQunH. MCTOPHjCKH n03HaTa
nopOAHltu celbCKHX YCKOKa H3 XVI B.
YCKO'IKH nojBO):la. HCTaKHYTH xapaM6ama 'Bypo 60pHO ce npOTHB TypaKa H
MnetlaHu. flory6JbeH 110 Hapel)elby
):Iy6poBa t iKe BJla):le. H.eroB CHH Jype
('ByPO) CI1CKH je HajrronynapHHjH (Ep
J1aHreHCKH pYKonHC; ByK, II). 1I0MHlbY'
ce H lbemBa 6pana M~THjaH HBaH H
CHH 'BYPlll). HapOJl:Ha Tpa):lHQHja CTBo
pHJIa je y neCMaMa cenaM .n;aHH'IHha:
P. rr.
}l;AtPHHA H3 CEPE3A, neBa'lHQa
MaKe):loHCKHX J1HPCKHX HapO):lHHX neca
Mil; Be1JHKH 6poj (270) BeOMa J1enHX
necaMa on lbe je 3a6ene:lKHO nonOBH
HOM XIX B. CTeq,aH BepKoBHn.

D' AVRlLfAdol!(y. 1904), q,paHQYcKH

H.M.-'B.

AHIIJIOMaTa H KlbIDKeBHHK; IIHcao 0

HaIIIHM IIOJIHTH'IKHM H KynTypHHM
IIpHJIHKaMa H KlbIDKeBHOCTH. IIpeBeo
(BeoMa ycneno, MeTpH'IKH a):IeKBaTHO
R BePHO) ):IeCCTaK HaIIIHX Hapo):lHHx
IIeCaMa 0 KOCOBCKOM 60jy, nOBe3yjyhH'
HX y je):lHY QenHHY, )(iao HeKy BpCTy ena
if C IIpe):lrOB0,P0M 0 cpncKoM Hapo):ly' H
lberoBoj e}JcKoj .noe3HjH opja~Ho ':/.
KlbH3H La batai~le
~

"

de J(ossovo (186S).
.'

p.n:

}l;AHWUffi, 'Bypo Jype (1521-1599),

YCKO'IKH BOjBOAa. EOPHO ce IIpOTHB
TypaKa H MJle'laHa. JYHaK necaMa

64

p.n

65

}l;BOCTHX. Y J1HPCKOM HapO):lHOM

rreBalbY, BeliHHoM ):IeCeTepa'lKH, anH
MOlKe 6HTH H 0):1 J,(BaHaeCT enoroaa;
neBa ceo Hajtlemlie Y KOJIY, HJIH'y OCO
6HTOM HatlHHY neBalba, T3B. 6ehapalj.
BeoM~ je pacnpoCTpalb~H Y KpajeBHMa
I1P~KO Ca~e H AY~Ba; CJIaBoHHj'H H
JIHQJf; a Pit npBHx nel\eHBja QBora B,eKa .
mHpH ce y Hap'o,nHoM Jliq)qcoM.neB3lf>Y
C.i&y6aJ;1HOM TeMaTHKoM H Hil IIOAPY'ljy
mlaHHHCKHX KpajeBa. OMHJbeH f Hapa
):IHOM neBalbY TOKOM HaponHooeno
60):IHJIat IKe 60p6e.

..

AE6EJ.bA. nacKoje, nesaq KOjH je

AHL\HjH; HCTOPH.jCKH HeH,neHTHq,HKO

BaHa nH'IHOCT.
B. XajoY'IKe iieCMe.

6yrapHo enCKe Hapo:a.He uecMe; jeAaH

o;q ;qBojHUe xBapcKHx pH6apa C KojHMa
je IIeTap XeKToposHn HaqHHHO 1555.
H3JIeT MopeM ,no ocrpBa mOJITe H TOM
npWIHKOM 3a6ene}KHO ,nBe 6yrapIIITH
1.\e, TpH nOqaCHH1.\e H je,nHy nHpcKY
necMy (PH6albe H pH6apCKO npHrOBa
palbe, 1568).

p.n.

AEJIOPKO, OJlHHKO (pol)eH 1910),

HCTOPH'JaP KlbH)KeBHOCTH, pOMaHHCT,
neCHHK, CTPY'IHH caBeTHHK HHCTHTYTa
3a HapollHY YMjeTHocT Y 3arpe6y.
BaBH ce npeBacxo]lHO YCMeHoM rroe3H
JOM. H3,nao HH3 aHTOnomja H 36HpKH:
3JlaiiiHa ja6YKa, XpBaii1cKe HapOOHe
6a.n.aoe tI pOMaHl(e. II Klb., 3arpe6,
1956; I1ciiiapcKe HapooHe fljecMe, 1960;
HapooHe JlUpCKe fijecMe, HapooHe
eiicKe fijecMe I. IIeT CTOJbena xpsaT
CKe KlbH}KeBHOCTH 23 H 24, 3arpe6 ..
1963. H 1964; Jby6a I1BaHoBa (necMe H3
CHlba), CnmiT 1969. BaSH ce YCMeHoM
noe3HjoM noje,nHHHX rro,nPY'lja (fyrr
'leBa 3allH'laja, HY. 1973; Bpa'la, HY
1975; Xsapa, CnnHT 1976), MOTHBHMa
Y HapollHoj rroe3HjH. lbeHHM CTHJICKo
-noeTCKHM oc06eHOCTHMa, rreBa'lHMa.

p.n.

AEBHq fPAA, s. 'BeBU'l.

AEBOJAqKE nECME. Y HaIIIHM
HapoAHHM neCMaMa ycnosHH_ TepMHH
3a Jby6asHe neCMe, nesaHe C ]lesoj
qHHor CTaHOBHIllTa.
H.M.-li,

AEJIHJA (TYP.). IIpHrraAHHK rroce6

Hor BojHor pe]la Y OCMaHcKoM Uap
CTBY, HaCTaJIOr y BOCHH H Cp6HjH Y
XVI B. Y enCKHM Hapo,nHHM rreCMaMa
. qeCTa peq Y q,YHKL\HjH ano3HL\Hje HnH
enHTeTa, y3 HMe MJIaAor jYHaKa, xpa6
por paTHHKa, HPP. ]lenH-MapKo; Y Ha
PO]lHOM rOBOPY: HaO'lH'f jYHaK. '

H.M.-'&.

AEMOHOJIOmKO (MHTOJIOm

KO, MHTCKO) nPEAAILE. IIpe~a

lbe 3aCHon8HO Ha 'IOBeKoBqM BepOBa

lbY Y HUTIIpHpo,nHa ,6Hlia (baBone,
BHne, BUMnHpe. JlHBOBe). C jaKOM npHAEJIHJA AEBOJ~A. HHTepHa~oMeCOM y36yl)elba H, crpaxa npHnose
HanHa T~Ma 0 AeBoJUH-paTHHKY, npe]l8'la H cnYIllanaL\8. Ka3yje ce Kao sepo
06Y'leHOj y MyIllKO 0AeJIO; HaJIa3H ce .H
,nOCTojaH nH'IHH ,nO}KHBJbaj KOjH 'IeCTO
y HaIllHM enCKHM neCMaMa, )~3J1aT~Ja
,OCT8BJbU JlH,nHJbHOe nocne,nHL\e.
,TIojaBJbyje ce y TpH OCHOBHa 06JIHKa.
CTap1.\a nellBaHa (BYK 11140). Ae~JK.a
o,nna3H ]la ,?~MeHH o1.\a, y 1.\apesoj ~Oj
TIPBH je ~paTaK H3s,eIllTaj, caOnIllTelbe
C1.\H nOCTaJe Be3Hp, y y36y,nJb."BHM . 0 C8MOM nOCTojulbY ,neMoHc~or 6Hna,
HCKYIIIelbHMa He ~03B0J1H ]la 6Y]le
HJIH nojaBe; CHHTe3a yonIIITeHor H
ycaojeHor Bepos8lba, ]leq,HHH~ja Koja
oTKpHseHa? ,nOK ce caMa He nOKa}Ke. Y
,npyroj rpaHH ose TeMe,neBa ce 0 }KeHH,
MO)K~ 6HTH ]lonYlbeHa cne~q,H'lHOCO,nHOCHO 3apy'lml~, Koja ce'06JIa'lH y
THMa 3<1 nojel~HHa' no,npyqja, HnH
MymKO OAeno ]la OH HaAMynpHna, HnH
eTHH'IKe rpyne. Mopa 'Jby,ne y cna
, O~ HeSOJbe cnacna .H3a6paHHKa (]by-'
salbY npHTHcKyje., fAjeKojH npHllOBH
ua xajnYK:-B'YKoca,sa,'Byx II149).
. . je){ajy ,/ia je Mopa sjeIllTln~a . Koja' ce
nOKajana H 3apeK,JIa na. Hen,e slt~e
Osa j~ neCMa n<?cn~mi. JIa3H E.:Oc;rH.
fly Kao T~Ma- 3a npaMY ~)fOpnB:Ha~<. .: , . JbYAe jeCTH. I'AieKoJH oneT MHCJIC' ~a.Je,
p,n: . AjeaojKa .Koja he nOCTaTH: sjewnma,
AOK ce y,nll.
AEJIH P AAHBOJE. JYHaK xaj]lyqKHX
ApyrH, pa3BHjeHHjH 06nHK npe]l
CTaBJba KOHKpeTH3aL\Hjy YOIDIITeHOr
encKlix HapO]lHHX rrecaMa H3 ]lp~HHe
BepOBalba CJIHKOM, ]lpaMaTH'IHOM CH
CTapHHe HOBaKa, qHjH je 6paT no TPap.n.

66

TyaUHjoM H3 Koje HacTaje q,a6yna:

IIpHrroBHje,na ce ]la je HeKaKsor 'IOB
jeKa MOpHna Mopa... ua OH y3jame
CBor 6enor KOlba H rro6erne Y CBeT.
3aHonH y3 nyr KOA jeAHor Tep3Hje,
KOjH npHMeTH ~a My ce roCT MY'JH Y
cHy, a rro lbeMY ce MHqe senHKa 6eJIa
WlaKa. KaAa je npece'le, rocry mHe
KOlb Y 'IHjeM ce 06JIH'Ijy Mopa CKPH
Blina. HCIIpH'IaHO C ,nHCTaHUOM,
yo6nH'leHO Y q,a6yny (O]lnaCKa Y
cBeT), OBaKBO npeAalbe norue~HaKo
eBoUHpa sepO]lOCTojHocT ,noraljaja,
]lO}KHSJbeHOr Y36yljelba, aJIH ,naje H
MorynHoCT "pY}Kalba nOMonH. OHO
'IeCTO nope]l onHca HaTnpHpo~Hor
6Hna (BWIa je CBaKa MnaAa nHjeIIa, y
6Hjeny TaHKY XaJbHHY 06Y'leHa)
np~a CJ1HKy lberosor IIOHaIIIalba y
Koje je YKJbyqeH O,nHOC npeMa qOBeKY
(BHJIe aKO Kora MOMKa 6ereHHIllY,
ollBeny ra... a aKO Taj Ka}Ke, OCTaHe
caKaT HJIH ra y,nase). IIpHqajy ce
06H'1H0 y npBOM nHL\Y, Kao nH'IHH
]lO}KHBJbaj npHnOSe~a'la, KOjH nOCTaje
HjYHaK q,a6YJIe,3a KOjy cy llOTpe6HH H
O'leSHUH H ,nOKa3H (Kao WTO je
caKaTOCT, MeCTO ,norabaH'>a pa):llbe

HTn.)

KlbH}KeSHOCT, IIpeTC)I{HO errCKY Hapo]l

Hy noe3Hjy, Kao YCMeHY YMeTHOCT
pe'IH: necMa-xpoHuKa /Cao K/by'l aa
pU3YMeea1be KoAtiit:Jaulluje rOpClco'l
aujeH/(a 1964; 113 By/C08e eciUeiUu/Ce
H.UPOOH.OZ fieCHlllUUteu, 1965; EUHD
el/Ii Ciiipaxu1bu - CiiipYKiilypa U aHa
'le1be, 1972; OojeK Haute HapOOHe iioe
3uje y Xe'leAo8oj EciileiUUl(u, 1974;
OZAeou ua H.apOOHe KlbUJICeBHOciilu,

1978.
p.n.

AE PY6EPTHC, s. Py6epiiluc.
AECETEP AU. CTHX o~ ):leceT CJIoro
na, Haj'lcIllnH CTHX Haille Hapo,nHe
rroe3Hje. TIpc~CTaBJba CTHnCKY H. CHH
TaKcH'IKY L\enHHy. Y eIICKHM HapO]l
HHM neCMaMa je TpoxejcKor THIIa, C
L\e3ypoM Hocne 'leTBpTor CJIora, T3B.
aCHMeTpH'IHH. enCKH ,neceTepaU. Jas
Jba ce y npBoj IIOJIOBHHH npOIIInor
seKa H ynoe3HjH ,npymx Hapo,na, Kao
O.!1.jeK npeBol)elba HaIlle HapO~He noe
3Hje; T311. cpnCKHCTHX, cpnCKH
MaHHp. BpojHe cy H nHpCKe Hapo,nHe
rreCMe y J\eceTepuy. T3B. cHMeTPH'IHH
JIHpCKH ):leceTepa1.\, C 1.\e3ypOM nOCJIe
neTor CJIora.
.
B. BepCLU/mKatluja.

TpenH H Hajpa3SHjeHHjH 06nHK npe]l

CTaBJbajy SHIlleeIm30~H'IH'a Ka3Hsalba,
y qHjeM cy q:ie~HWTY JOIll yseK HaT!
npHpOAHa 6Hna. AJIH, rroeHTa HHje y
IIOTBpl)HBalby Beposalba, sen y 3aHH
MJbHBOCTH ]lora~aja (TaKBa cy npe]la
lba 0 }KeHHA6H BHJIOM), y KojHMa
BeOMa aKTHBHO yqeCTByje 'IOBeK, pa3a
neT H3Meby peaJIHOr H q,aHTaCTH'IHOr,
. OB03eMaJbCKor, H HaTnpHpO]lHOr, y
CTPenlbH H CTpaxy, aJIH H caMOHCnHTH
BalbY COrrCTBeHHX CHara.
B. Bepol?afbe.

P.n.

DESETNICA. BaJIa]la 0 ~eceToj nep

KH, Koja Mopa ]la Hne y cBeT, IIo3H~Ta y
HH3Y sep3Hja. I .Bpana ce nOCJIe Ce]laM
ro,nHHa 3a CBaAOY csoje HajCTapHje cec
TPe. Ka,n je BaIIIJbHBY H 6e~Hy y Henos
HaToj npocjaKHlbH Koja TPa}KH npeHO
nHIllTe IIpeno3Hajy, Maj~ rryIla cpL\e
o}:l }KaJlQCTH. CMHpeHo H3J1aralbe He
MHHOSHOC.TH 3pHBalba y 6aJIa~H, nOT
nOMorHYTo xpHIllhaHCKoM pe3HrHHpa
. HOIllny, nOJbYJbaHO je Y3Ap}KaHH, aJIH
Ay6ol\0 IIPHCYTHHM, eMD'i'm;nuw IIOpO
]lH'IHHM clloaaMa. .
.

H.M.-li.

. JlEPETIfP. JOBaH (poljeH' 1934),

KlbH}KeBHH HCT6pH'Iap, npoq,ei:op
. HOBe 'cpn~Ke KlbH}KeB~OCTll; Ha <PHnO
nQWKOM qiaKy.1I.TeTY y Beorp~.ny, je,naH
OA nOKpeTa'la qaCOnHCa RJbH}KeBHa
HCTopHja . H lbeH rnaBHH ype,nHHK:
IIope]l cpncKe KlbIDKeBHOCTH XVIII,
XIX H XX seKa H3yqasa H HapOnH)'

H.M.-li.

I S/owlIske Ijllj.d:e peslli. hr. 51, CTp. ::?91-300.

67

.I1:E"'IJE nECME. HapoAHe rreCMe on

paCJIHX, HaMelbeHe AeI.{H; TpanHI.{HO
HaJIHa OCTBapelba caMe neue; MeWOBH
Te TpaJlHUHOHaJIHe TBOpeBHHe, HaMe
lbeHe CBHM reHepaI.{HjaMa, HaKO AOCTa
MaJIo6pojHe, jaBJbajy ce y BHWe BpCTa:
iliamYH./lJbKe H l{yualbKe npeA
CTaBJbajy 'leCTO 6eCMHCJleHe q,opMYJle
3a'IHlbeHe PHTMOM, 3BYKOM H rrOKpe
TOM (neBajy ce y3 IIJbeCKalbe ne'ljHM
PY'IHI'I,aMa, HJlH y3 uyIIKalbe neTeTa Ha
KoneHY). Mory orrOHarnaTH Ae'ljH
rOBop, necMe 0 'lYAHHM nO:lKHBJbajH
Ma, JbyoaBHHM aBaHT)'paMa H :lKeHHA
6aMa :lKHBOTHlba (3e'leBa :lKeHHn6a,
Hnp.). YBeK WaJbHBe, MOry 6HTH H
errCKe;
- MOJluiliee, nOHapoAlbeHe xpHwhaH
CKe q:,opMyJlaI.{Hje ynyheHe oory HJ1H
BHwoj CHJlH; Ka3yjy ce npe crraBalba y
HMe neTeTa;
- ycuaeaH.Ke ey on HajBHWer noeTCKor .
3Ha'laja;
- aapUljaJlUlje. (YCJIOBHO 3apHualbe
rrpoTHB rrporOBapalba);
- paa6pajaJIul,e (B. EpojaHUlle);
- pebaJIUl!e (HH3a1be nojeAHHlQ{ paA-

IbH, :lKHBOTHlba liJlH 6HJba, yy3P.oiI

HO-nOCJIenH'lHOM onHoey), roBopHe

Hrpe y caCTaBY ne'ljHX KOJleKTHBHHX

3a6aBa;

- pyiaJIUlje, CTHXOBaHe nOAPyra'lHue;

Mef)y ne'Ije CIIanajy 3ajenJbHBe rrec
MHue, Bmne CMeWHe Hero' 3Jl06He;
- Jlaiapuje, MaWToBHTe, CTHXOBaHe
TBopeBHHe' 0 HeMoryhHM H q:,aHTa
CTH'lHHM noraf)ajHMa, YBeK C rroeH
TOMXyMopa.

TepHaI.{HOHaJlHOM TeMoM, HajIIo3HaTH~

JOM H3 OAHcejeBa oopaBKa y nOJlH"
q:,eMoBoj nehHHH.2 nOceoHa DpHBJIa'l
HOCT BapHjaHTe H3 BYKOBe 30HpKe je y:
XyMOpy, KOjHM ce YOJla:lKaBajy eneMeH
TH cTPaBH'IHoCTH. npenHOCT na ra
.fbiBJbaH Hcne'Ie H nojeAe liMa non - jep
je ne6eo. npenHOCT II06eAe HaA ,fbm
JbaHOM HMa f)aK KOjH ra cBojoM AOMH
wJbaTomhy HanHrpa, OCJlerrH, H3MaKHe
My rrpe06Y'IeH y OBHyjcKY KO:lKy, Aa OH
ra Haj3aA ryPHYo Y peKY, oApeo My CBY
CTOKY H 060raTHo ce, nonYT CBHX
AOMHWJbaHa ceOCKor THna HaWHX
maJbHBHX npH'Ia.
H. M-l>.

I Aalh 1137: BYK.31\.

2 Yn. naplljaHTc: MHIIHhcllHh. Kpt1.lblJ'euHa Cp

6uja. erp. 151; 3H)KO XXXII, II crp.166-167;
CE3 LXI. erp. 25(~251; r3M. HC 196t: erp.
277 H"I')I,
o

.I1:HJAK (JIaT, diaconus). 'BaK KOjH ce

y'lH nHCMeHOCTH H xpHIlIhaHCTBY, CBe
TOBHO JlHI~e; QHcap H CTyneHT TeOJIOrH
je HJlH 3aBpmeHH TeOJlOr-JIYTaJIHUa;
neBa'I H pen;HTaTop necaMa Ha HapoA
HOM Ii' JlaTHHCKOM je3HKY. .II.aHac' je
AOCTa YMalbeH paHHje HCTHUaH 3Ha'laj
AHjaKa y CTBapalby HapoAHe noe3Hje.
HeeyMlbHBa je IbHXOBa Ba:lKHOCT Kao
npeHOCHnaua H HHAHBHnyaJlHHX HH
Tepnpe1'UTopa KOjH cTBapajy Heky
BpCTy necaMa '}}Ha Haponay.

H. M.-l>.

,llHMA H3 ':GHTO.JJ.A, CJIeIIH HapoA

H.M.-l>.

.I1:HBJAHOBHD, HJIuja,. rycnap,

neBa'l necaMa H3 BocHe', HcnoA JaXo
p.lHe~<; . IIHCMeH,' o):{nH'IHOr naM~elba,.
BeWTO crBapao AeCeTepa'IKe rreCMe,
no.6HJ10 'lHje np'H'IaFPY HJlH ~aIbY;
. T.e ce ~e CMaTPajy nj:IaBo'M HapoAHoM. .
noe3HjoM. lberoBe neCMe 3a6eJIe.lf!:HO .:
je BoroJby6 neTPaHoBHh.
.

HM neBa'I H CBMpa'l H3 n03HaTe OHTO

JbCKe mKone neBa'la. JenaH 01.1 rJlaBHHX
jYHaKft CaMOBMJlC~MX necaMa (MHJ1aAH
Hoim,H, 2), Koje 06paf)yjy' TeMY 0
:lKeHH):{6H BHJlOM.
H.M.-n.

.I1:JEBOJ.KA GlDA

P. Il.

.I1:HB.JLAH. JenHoOKH J,rnH H3 HCTO

.0.11:

KOIbA.

I1pimoBeTKa1 KOjy je BYK' Kapa'l,mh

AOOH0 no ByKa Bp'JeBHlia. Oopaf)yje
TeMY AT3JlaHTe, Ha cneI.{Hq:,H'laH Ha
'IliH. Ka3HBaH.e ce pa3BHja y CIqJaAHOM
YMeTHH'IKOM OKBHpy: on 'I)'AecHor Ha
CTaHKa neBojKe no lbeHor 'IYnecHor
HeCTaHKa. fio'nube 3acelbyjytiHM,
0

HMeHe HapOJIHe IlpmIOBeTKel ca HH

68

IIoeTCKH BeOMa <PYHKIJ;HOHaJlHHM orrH

COM lbeHe HeCTBapHc.J1,enOTe, Aa OH ce
3aBpWHJlO onceHOM, H3HeHaAHO, aJlH
He Ii li3HeHa~yjyhe. OHna je HexaKBa
J.ljeBojKa Koja HHje pof)eHa on oua M Ma
repe, Hero je Ha'lHHHJIe BHJ1e on cHHje
ra H3Baf)eHa H3 jaMe 6e3Aalbe, npeMa
CYHIl.Y I1JlHjHcKoMe, BjeTap je o)KHBHO,
poca je nOAojHna, a ropa nHmheM
o6YKJIa ... Ha TaKMH'lelbY npocaua
uapeB CHH caBJlaAa CBe TpH npenpeKe
na je "yxBaTH Te 3a ce Ha KOlba Bp:lKe,
na ce ynYTH jenaoM nnaHHHOM nOMy.
AAH Kan Aof)e y HajBHco'mjy nnaHMHY,
06a3pe ce, KaA JlH My J.ljeBojKe HeMa.
Y npO:lKHMalby rrpeAalba, Koje He 1.103
BOJbaBa oe360JIHO Mewalbe OB03eMaJb
CKor CBeTa ca OH03eMaJbCKHM, H 6ajKe
3aKojy je TO jeAHOCTaBHO H rrpMponHO,
Ka3HBalbe n06Hja noce6HY ApaMaTH'l
HOCT y HeH3BeC/:lOCTH HCXOna TaKMH'le
Iba, y JbyncKoj ynopHoCTH n;apeBa CHHa
H lberoBoj OOp6H ca CTHXHjoM,Kao H y
Y3aJIYAHOCTH noOeAe.

Banal, )l(H80Ta Ii paJ\a BYKa CT.

KapaJ)Hna, nyrorOJ\HWIbH ynpaBHMK
BYKOBor H }locHTejeBor Mpeja y
BeorpallY; 'maH OAoopa 3a H3AaBalbe
Ca6paHHx Aena BYKa Kapal,mha. 3a
BpmHo CTYAHje jY:lKHOCJIOBeHCKHX je3M
Ka H KIbH:lKeBHOCTH (AoKTopaT )/(u6oiU
II paD CliMe MaiiiaeYlba y Eeoipaay
oAopaHMo 1962). nopen H3Y'laBalba
cpncKHx IIMcaua XIX H XX B., Haj
3Ha'IajHMjacy My apXMBCKa MCTpa
:lKHBalba )l(HBOTa H paAa BYKa Kapa
UHha, 0 'ICMY jc oojaBHo BMme 3ana
)l(CHHX CTYnHja M KIbHra. CapaAHHK je
1I03HUTHX HaY'IHMX 'IaCOnHca.
P.Il.

.I1:0,llOJlA (,I\O].lOJ1u na. Jl.OjI\OJI3. Jl.YTJ:Y

J1a). .II.enojKa HeOAeBeHa, yBe.~aHa y

"paBC M l\llche. Iwja c rpynoM AeBojaKa

MAe no ceny M Kp03 Hrpy H neCMY

lIpH3HB3 KMUly.

B.ll.oOOJlCKe fieCMe.
p.n

H. M.-;;.

,nO,nOJlCKE QECME. JIeTlbe 06peA

He neCMe HaMelbeHe n03MBalbY KHme
nyTe;M HMMTaTHBHe H KOHTarH03He
Ma'ruje, Be3aHe 3a 3eMJbOpaAIbY, pac,nO:GP A MOJlHTBA. CBaAOeHH OOH:
IIpOCTpalbeHe rOTOBO Ha ueJIOM non
'laj no KOMe OTau H MaTH 6JIaroCHJbajy
HeBeCTY, upH nOJlaCKY H3 pOAilTeJbCKe
PY'Ijy 01.1 MaKeJloHHje 1.10 ceBepHHX,
naHOHCKMX, KpajeBa CpoHje M XpBaTKyhe, Ha3ApaBJbajytm H;3 T3B. MOJlU
ilieeH.e 'lawe, KOjy np:lKe npeA COOOM Ha
CKe. YKomi.Ko 06pen H3BOne MyWKH
rroceOHO YMerneHOM XJleoy, H Kojy
Y'leCHHI{l:I, Ha3HBajy ce upuopyme ..
neBojKa C060M rrOHece. CBaTOBH 3a TO
(pacnpOCTpalbeHHj~ y npHMopCKHM
BpeMe . neBajy onpef)eHY necMy. ]3yK
KpajeBHMa .II.aJlMaTM~cKoj 3aropH).
Kapm,mh je oBaj o6WIaj 3aoeJie:lKHO y
06pen je liHa'le rr03HaT .y, BeliDHH
IJ,PHOj rOpH, PHCHy H naWTpOBHhHMa.
3eMaJba C p.a3BHjeHoM 3eMJbOPaAlbOM H
Y narqTpoBMHMa, Hajjyx<HHjeM Ae.JlY
l~eHTpanHH JlHK, j~ OOH'l~O :lK~HCKO.
'jaApaHCKOr npHMopja, HeBeCTa KJIe'le
oHhe (OoaOJla). HeKOJIHKO 'neBojaK8,
hH, Ha pa~HpeHMM. pyKaMa npen CO
dA KOjflX je jeAHa OOMOTaBa. 3eJle
60M 'np:lKH' CTapo, MCKHheHo opyx<je,
HHJIOM npeKO rone KO':lKe, OOMna3e
nOK joj neBepH. Ka3yjy OJlaroCJIOB;. Ha.
ceJla y BpeMe cywe" 3~yCTaBJbajy ce
npary, I1pH nOJIaCKY, npHMa 6miroCJIOB
npeA KyhaMa H' neBajy, nOK AOnOJIa
01.1 06a pOnHTeJba.

~3Ma Hrpa a AOManHI4a. Ha lby H3JIHBa

Y aapoJ!.Y ce liep'yJe na MOJIHT~eHa l1a- '.
nyH' .KaOa~ BOAe,: 3aT'HM CJIeA"' napH
rna HMa MamjcKY Moh.

. Balbe: BapMjaHTe necaMa KOjHM3, ~aHac

B.ll.uo6a JaKmuli.a.
paGllOna':lKeMO He pa3JlHKYjy ce MHOro
.
p, n
Mef)y C060M. npBH 3anHCH nOTH'lY on
BYKa 1818. CTliXOBM ce CBOAe Ha Bep
oanHe onHce 06pe}l;HHX panlbH, Ha
.I1:0JiPAmHHOBHD. rOJ1yli (pof)eH
1925), KlbH:lKeBIlli HCTOpH'Iap, H3yQa
HCKa3J1Balbe TOKa npHpoAHe nojaBe H
1 BYK. npUUOIIIJ'UtKlJ',l5p. 24.
.

69

.1l0nJEBAK, B. CillepeoilluilaH 3Qap

YCKO'IKe 60p6e H 60p6e 3a ocno
HapOAHH ApaMCKH TeKCT, caM no ce6H,

,>
UleillaK.
He car-to na je y 3aBHCHOCTH OA onK

60~eIbe H CTBapaIbe HOBHX Ap:lKaBa).

,:\
JIOpHOr TeaTpa Kao npHKa3HBaIba,

p.n.
j
npeCTaBn,al-ba Y lllHpeM CMHCJIY, Hero

1,:1'
ce H3BaH TaKBor H3Bol)eIba He MO:lKe HH

AOC(J)ETKA. Y YCMeHoj KIbHJKeBHO

,l1;OJlJEBHll, BYK. BeJIHKaIII H3 XV B.,
I'ji.
Mu uoeMO iipeKO eeJla
npOY'IaBaTH.
CBera, H3BaII O):\HOca

CTH peTKO YIIOTpe6Jhasaa TepMHH;

II03HaT Y HapoAHoj TpaAHn;HjH IIO
oj 0000, oj ooooJle
ca aYAHTopHjYMOM (IIy6JlHKOM), 3a

03Ha'laBa AYXOBHTY IIIaJhHBY IIpH'IHn;y

eIICKHM IIeCMaMa. Be3yje ce 3a :U;PHO
A 06J1aiju upeKo He6a
KOjy IIpe)l,CTaBJha C jeAHe CTpaae Hill

c nOeHTOM H JIYKaBO Hal)eHO pemeIbe

i';
jeBHtie
(BYK
II/9O)
H
EpaHKOBHhe
(BYK
oj 0000" oj ooooJle
i"
'IeKHBafbe n03HaTor, OMO y CHCTeMY

IIO]:\Bany.
11181). Y Hapo]:\HoM IIpHnoBe]:\aIbY no
1~
MHIIIJheIba, 6MO Y CaApJKHHH, a C APY

H.M.":fi.
A'Mu 6p:JICe, o,6J1aK 6p:JICe
:U;PHoj fOpH H Xepn;eroBHHH, OMHJheII
11'[
re, MorynHoCT AospIIIaBaIba H carJIe

!.
JlHK
MYApor
IIIaJhHBQa;
Ha3HBajy
ra
H
I'
Mu YboeMO y ilio eeJIo
]:\aBaIba HeHCKa3aHor. ApaMCKO Ka3H

AOCKOlJUUA, YCJlOBHH Ha3HB 3a

By1/: 3J1olie81l1i. C. M. Jby6HIIIa ra
A o6J1a!{u y ilio uo,/be
!
salbe je caMO noce6aH, AHHaMH'fKH

1
nOApyra'fHQY,
'IeIIIhe
ynoTpe6JhaBaH
y
11
HaBOAH Y npHtlaIbHMa BYKa Aoj'le
Ha'IHH HHTcpnpeTaUHje TpaAHn;HoHaJl

Qa6ap 6o,Oe Ha OOOo,Jly

IIHcaHoj
KIbHJKeBHOCTH.
I
BHna (Be'l, 1877) Kao HCTOPHjCKY
HHX MOTHEa HJlH CHJKea, caMO AenH

nOJlu6ajilie, He :JICaJluilie
H.M.-n.
JlH'IHOCT: ]:\BOPHO je ]:\ooap AHO CBora
MH'laH 3aXBaT H3 OIIIIITer OHAa

Yopu, yopu, cuwna Kuma,

BHjeKa MBaHa :U;pHojeBHna.
1]J<lAHUHjC, KOjH HIIaK oCTaje Ha HBHn;H

)lPAfAm,
B.
Eel
Kocillaowt.
Te uopocu :JICuilio, 6Uno,
p.n.
]:\paMCKor y06nHtlaBaIba, a Y3 cnOJha

iUIba cpellCTBa, y3 AeJIOBaIbe Apyrnx

M ilipu uepa KyKypyaa...

AOJlJHJI ()lOJlJUH) BOJBO)lA.
YMeTHOCTH, MHMHKe, My3HKe, Kope

APAMA (rp'l. paAIba). Y Hapo]:\Hoj

EnCKH jYHaK, n06paTHM KpaJheBHna
orpaHje (H CTaJlHO npHcyTHy eCTe

Ao YMeTHH'IKe JIeIIOTe AOAonCKe IIec

KIbHJKeBHOCTH, cHHKpeTH'IaH POA KOjH

MapKa, KojH ra 30Be Aa ra H36aBH H3
THKY npCII03HaBaIba), yKJhyqyje ce y

Me AOCe:lKY nojeAHHHM CJlHKaMa, AaHac

06jeAHIbyje pa3HoBpCHe 06JIHKe Hapo

a3a'IKe TaMHHI~e (BYK, II, 65; MHnyTH
nojaM OJlKJIOpHOr TeaTpa.

IIoeTCKHM MeTaopaMa, Koje cY 3a

AHe H HapO):lCKe YMeTHoCTH, y KojHMa
HOBHn, 68). Be3yje ce 3a rpaA COJlYH.
B. MllpaKYJlll.
aHHMHCTH'lKH Ha'lHH MHIIIJheIba 6Me
cy CBH YMeTHH'fKO-H3paJKajHH eJIeMeH
p.n.
H.M.-';.
caMO peaJIaH OIIHC OTeJIOTBOpeHor
TH nOBe3aHH PaAIbOM. . BepOaJlHa,
(0)KaHCTBa KJiIIIe H rpOMa. I10jaBJhyje

ApaMcKa rpal)a oCTaje PYAHMeHTapHa,

APAM JE3HKA. Hapo]:\Ha HOBeJla
ce jYHaK KojH. ropOM je3AH H HOCH
)lOJlJMH nETAP, BapaAHHcKH

IIITO je pa3JlOr ):Ill HapoAHa ]:\paMa Y

(Aath 890) C a6yJlOM CJlH'lHOM OHOj.
caOJhY Y 3YOHMa, KHIIIY y O'lHMa; BMa
oaH; 0 IbeMY neBa BpJIO oMHn.eHa

HCTOPHjH CPIICKOXpBllTCKOr rrpoY'IaBa- .

in llieKcnHpoBor M.fleiiia'l.1/:oz illPZ08
Ha .BPXY jeJIe Koja oKpehe H IIpeBphe
JIHpCKa HapOAHa IIeCMa:

Iba YCMeHe KIbHJKeBHOCTH He 3aY3HMa

Ija. npBH nyT 06jaBJheHa y Bpa30BOM
orJIe]:\ano.

3Ha'lajHo MeCTO. Y HOBHjHM HCTPaJKH

Kony (1847). 06JIHKOBaIbe HapaBHY
,l1;O]:\OJICKe neCMe, MaxOM Y.OCMepn;y,
Bmw iillje D.oj'lWI neiiiap, eapqollHCKu 6aH.

BaIbHMa y OKBHpe ApaMCKe'YMeTHOCTH

cYAapy ca JKHBOTOM H o6H'IajHMa
HMajy IIpHIIeB y ceAMepn;y. 06peA je
(BYK I, 633)

cMeIIITajy ce: 1. 06peAHe CBe'faHOCTH

60caH~Ke tJapIIIHje Aaje CIIe~H'faH
CYIIITHHCKH OAYMPO, Y'IeCHHn;H ra

(rpYIIa IIpHKa3HRaIba C IIOAeJheHHM

KOJlOPHT H CTBapa HH3 ApaMaTH'iHUX
H3BOAe yrJIaBHOM paAH AapH.BaIba.

Y neCMH ce nOMHIbe H KpaJh MaTHja;

rJIYMa'lKHM YJIOraMa, MaCKaMa H cueH
cHryan;Hja y KojHMa YCTaJheHH THIIOBH
H.M.-';.
3eMJhe rocnoAap. I1ecMa .ce ]:\yro
CKHM etpeKTHMa; 6HpaIbe' KpaJha, Kpa
(JIeIIOTHl\a neBojKa, JIaK'OMHCJIeHH
rr030H
0
(L' A
neBana Y HapoAY, CBe ]:\0 nO'leTKa OBor
Jhkn;e, 6apjaKTapa, AOAOJIe, qaYIIIeBa
JKeHHK, ooraTH TProBau, nOAMHTJhHBH
.....
,racT
OUlS- uguste.
-H
. Dozo 1822-1890) " ' .
BeKa, OC06HTO no' KpaJeBHMa npeKO
rnyMa
y. CBaAoeHOM BeCeJhY, HTA. 2.
cYAHja) nOCTajy HHAl1BHAYanHH KapaK
enn
n,
, 't'paHQycKH
CITy
. .,
.
Hapo]:\H6 HI'pe' (BHTeIIIKe H 3aoaBHe
AHIlJIOMaTa, 'KOH3YJI Y EeorpaAY, IIO~Be, H ......YHaBa.
CTapHJOJ BapHJaHTH
TepH. npe06Y'leHa y KaAHjy, nena
Hrpe); 3. upuKa3Uaal-ba; 4. 'lAYMo8al-ba
3HaBanaQ JI. rrpeBoAMan; HaIIIe HapoC IIO I. XVIII B. \EpJIaHreHCKH PYKOMejpa Aocyl)yje TproBn;y IIOA npeTIboM
AHe IIoe3Hje lia paHn;YCKH. OojaBHo je' nHC) TeKCT IIeCMe Je.CKOpo H~OBeTaH C
(Hap'o~HH H HapoAcKH ApaMcKH TeK
CMPTH Aa H3BpIIIH noroAoy H Aa IbeHoM
CTOBH). Y 'IeTBpry rpyny cIIalIajy,. y
]:\Be KIbHI'e Poesies popu/aires serbes
BYKOBHM 3anHCOM, caMO ce J~aK 30Be
MYJKY oApeJKe: TatIHO ApaM je3HKa,
cTBapH, AY)!(H AHjan03H, IIO OPMH
1859, HL' Epopee serbe, 1888. Y]:\pyroj. AYQH (TYn;H) m~Tap. Mel)y JYHll;~Ma
KOJIHKO je H 3aXTeBao, YKOJIHKO MY
6JIHCKH raTaJIHn;aMa, IIO CaAPJKHHH
KIbH3H je 3Ha'lajaH npeAroBop Y KOM~
CHoHlbaHHHa JaHKa Y eIIcKoj neCMH
HecpehHHK He BpaTH paHHje II03a
. A03QH roBOPH 0 CKyn~ha'lHMa H npo-: . (BYK II1SO) qQMHIbe 'ce ne-Tap, O~H
BapaJIHQaMa. Het<alI je .ApaMCKH TeKtT
jMJheiuf HOBan; 3a JKeHHA6y H.TprOBH
c/lfdo BepoanHo'HaAHrpaBaJie Y A!'Ija':'
Y'I~Ba~,r HaIIIe Hapo]:\H~ IIoe3Hje 3a
BapaAH.HCKH. no ~el\:HM npeTII~CTaB~a
HY.. HeH3'spIIIHBH' 3ati~TaK npeqH3
. -!lory. AHjanor ce ynpaBJha rrpe~a Beli'
KOJY CMaTPa W<!. ce pa3BHJana y 'IeTHpH. Ma, TO Je TPallHn;HJCl\:H cnOMe~ Ha AOQR
'
HOI' XHPYPIIIKO~ :3aXB~Ta ~06Hja xy- .
. nocTojeh~MJiH:KY . YTRaAHn;HjH,. He
eIIoxe, nocMaTpiljyhH amHTYPCKe Gop- '. I1eTp'a, BeJIHK3IIIa yrapcJi:or '~paJ1j'a .
MOptiCTH'IKY uoeHTY y 1'proB~eBoM
trrKpHBa.ra, Eieh ra nTBpl)yje (Bap!lJlH
oe Kao n;empanay TeMY HaIIIe enHKe
MaTHje, 3~nOBe]:\HHKa Jajn;a.H Bapa
. CTpaxy H IICHXOJlOWKOj ~6eAH AOMH
n;a; IIpeBapeHiI; KYM, MOMaK ]:\eBojKe,
(60p6e Y BpeMe CaMOCTanHHX cpe]:\]:\HHa, 'Ulje je rrpe3HMe HapO]:IHOM eTHIIIJhaTe JKeHe.
oa6a). ApaMcKa CHryan;Hja MOJKe ce
Y epH KOMnapaTHBIIHX H3Y'faBaIba,
IbOBeKOBHHX BJIaAapa, 3aTHM '! BpeMe
MOJIOrnjoM H3MeIbeHO Y n03HaTHje.
Ha3BaTH npH30poM.
OBa npHtla. yrrpaBO 3001' CJlH'lHOCTH
AeCIIOTa - TYPCKHX Ba3ana; xaJAY'IKe H
p.n.

III

Ha JKeJheHe IIOCJIe]:\Hn;e Koje H3 Ibe

npOH3JIa3e.
3aCHOBaHe cy Ha MarHjcKoM 110rJIeAY
Ha CBeT.

npe

Ii!

II

..

70

..

71

rpacpCKU OApeAHHJ.:(a (llO'leTaK OYHe

npOTHB naxHja). Y JIHpCKHM neCMaMa
je peKa, BOlla JIa;r(Ha, Koja lIoCTaje
rpoo HecpefiHe AeBo.iKe:

CBOjHX MOTHBa C 'IYBeHOM llieKCnH

POBOM lIpaMoM, H3a3HBa HHTepeCO
Balbe Y EBpOnH.l
H.M.-D.

.aPIIIlO IIIJ1)O, M()je ,)jellofla1be...

1 Yn. Jaruba, R. Kohlera. JIyja JIelKea KOjH je

npeBo;ll1f 1882. Ha <ppalu~ycKH; BapHjaHTe y
;IlellY:

PeKa CBOjOM 6HCTpHHOM nOAceha Ha

lbeHe O'IH, Te BO.I\y HeKa He nHjy,jep he
joj O'IH nOlJHTH, a TpaBy OKO peKe Aa He
Koce rrpen CMpT AeBojKa nopy'lyje
jep he joj Koce nOKOCHTH. Y ceB
naJIHHKaMa, 'IeCTO ce jaBJha Kao rroeT
CKa 03H3KU 3a HCTOK, OAaKJIe ce CYHlle
palja, Te ce HlIItleKyje O.I\ ApHHe Bell
pHHe.
r.n.

E. Cosquin, Etudes folcloriques, Paris

1922, B-n.. III, 517, JyroClloBeHcKe sapHjaliTc

HaBO;llH naMe nonOBHb. 113 KIbUJK:eeHOciilu,
12-17.

JJ.PLKABHO H3JJ.AILE. Y ooH'lajeH

Ha3HB 3a KPHT1:I'lKO H311albe BYKOBHX
KlbHra HapOllHHX necaMa, npHnOBella
Ka, nOCJIOB1:I~a H APYrax lIena, KaO H
lIpenHCKe, lIpHlIpeMJheHO KaO JYOH
JIapHO 1:I311albe 0 CTOrO;nHIlIIb~ By
KOBor' poljelba 1887. 011 HapOllHHx
lIecaMa CaAp)K1:I AeBeT KIbHra: lIpBe
'leTHp1:l npeMa BYKOBOM nOCJIeAlbeM,
6e'IKOM H311a1bY, a CJIeAehHX neT K1bH
ra paciiopeljeHo je lIO YrJIeAY Ha Byxo
Be KlbHre: V K1bHra
JIHpCKe lIeCMe;
VI-IX - elICKe lIeCMe, callp)Ke MHO
IIITBO lIe<;aMa Koje cy OCTaJIe YBYXOBOj
HeoGjaBJheHoj rpaljl!'. TaKo je IIITaM
lIaHO CBera OKO 2500 HapOllHHX neca
Ma, anH cy caMO npBe 'leTHpH K1bHre
BYKOBe, OCTanHX lIeT HHCY H360poM
IIpHIIpeMaHe, Beh lIpeMa lIOCTojehHM
3aIIl:lCHMa. JellaH Aeo ne~aMa OHO je Y
PYKOlIHCHOj oCTaBIIITHHH, KOjy je
BYKOBa KhH MHHa BYKOMaHOBHh
YCTYnHJIa cpnCKoj AP:>KaBH, a Malb1:l Y
3anHCHMa KOj1:l cy ce HaIIIJIH Y PyCHjH.
fJIaBHH peAaKTOp 1:1 H3AaBa'l OBor
H3l1alba je Jby60MHp CTojaHoBHh H
lIeJIOM llepa DopljeB1:Ifi, npocpecopH
BenHKe IllKOJIe. H3AaBalbe ByiWBHX
~eJJOKYIJHHX AeJIa npeKlfHYO je npBH
CBeTCKH paT. KlbHre Hapoll.HHX lIecaMa
H npHIIOBeTK~ BYKOBe Y ABa Maxa cY
npemTaMnaBaHe H3Meljy ABa' pani, Y
H3AalbY JJ.p)KaB~e p1TaMlIapHje. y
. Beorpaj'W. O~o. HHCY oHJIa KPHTH.'IKa
HsAalba, jep cY H3.OCTa8Jb"eHH BYKOBH.
npeAroBopH.
r.n.

JJ,YKA CEHKOBHn. Haj'leIllhe HMe

rpellIHHKa y jel\HOM OA THiiOBa Hapo
lIHe 6aJIane. 'JHj3 je OKBHpHa crpyKTY
pa CaMp'l'Ha HcnoBecT.1 Y TelliKHM
MYKaMa, rpellIHHK HcnoBena cBoja
HeneJIa KojHMa ce OMHxyje HeKa BpCTa
xpHllIhaHCKO-OOHtlajHor KaTaJIora rpe
xOBa, BeOMa 3Ha'IajHor 3a H,3Y'laBalbe
HapOnHe elIHKe. Y rpana~HjH rpexOBa,
. HajTea:H je OMp33HTH AeBojKY
Wiii.o c'yullo fioiilllUl oAiliapy,

bOla MOAII uo'i iiilt iip()<:iii.uiii. xofte.

Wiiio o{jJbyoII ()lItl1laecili ()eeojaKa

H iilpll1leCluy um:eciilplLMY iii.eojy,

boia M(~AII U()l iilll t1pOf.:iii.uiii. xolie.

Wiilo oMpa,,,., clp.O!uy r)jeflojKY,

boia jllOJ1I1, VOl iilll 0POLiii.Uiii. Ilene

HIIIUII he
3eMIN' Y3()p1Kaiii.u!

me

(;'OOCilHCI(.i1 1II1l1;' lKKK. '111/54)

GBH~ OBHM rreCMaMa, rpeIIIHHKoBOj

npe~Xone Mpa'lHe CJIHKe
lberOBHX MYKa; a CJIelle Y3aJIYAHH
nOKy'llIajH HCnOBel\HHKa Ila npeKHHe
. lbemBY aroHHjy.

.Y

~crrOBeCTH

Dc) JlflifllJZU (ia.ll/ac)aAo Me.CQ

J(aiw'Kopll

OC)

CYI!" jaf!(;p'a ..

-.:. "'! ---..:. - - - _':. - - . " - - - - - - . - . - -.:. - - - - - - : . . -

Kp03 /wct7ili My t7ipaHa iiPOIlUljaJZa,

Y t7ipaflll ce Jbyiii.e 3Mllje AdAe
Oll!! i'illAl! Y KOCY ce Kpwie .

)l:PHHA. PeKa Koja je Y HapollHHM

enCKHM neCMaMa caMO peanHa reo

Kp03 ylllll My MyHe iipoAujeny.

72

Ooeeoe za ociii.apeAa MajKa,

oaseae 'fa y Mope ae6eAO
olla iii.ypa MOpe 'fa uciii.ypa.

Ma Koje npHnoBeAajy 0 BpeMeH)' Kan cy

1:;aBOJIH OTnaJIH on 60ra H YTeKJIH Ha
3eMJhY, Hacnyhyje ce nepHoA 3ajeA
HH'IKe C3panlbe: TIpe Hero IIITO je
MajKa 6a1l a eaiii.pa U36aljU
60r nO'ICo CTBapaTH eBeT, CTBOPHO
ceGH lIOMara'Ie, CJIyre ... JeAaH 011 THX
}beza Ilene... Iluiii.u MpKU U3 iiAallulle eylju.
BepHHX CJIyry OAMeTHe ce ... OIIIllTa
H. M.-D.
~a6yJIa nO'lMlbe i)aBOJIOBOM Kpai)OM
CYH[(a: DaBOJICKH [(ap ra HaOHO Ha'
1 Yn. l1je6uHuja, 1837. CTp. 64; EpnaHreHcKIf
KOlIJhe H HOCHO ra Ha paMeHY'< H
PYKonHc, 190, BocaHcKa BHlla, I, CTp. 351; III,

CHJIaCKOM (0)Kjer H3aCJIaHHKa (Haj

eTp. 154; MaTHl\a xpBaTcKa V, CTp. 238.

'IeIllhe ApXaHreJIa) Ha 3eMJhY na My ra

527-530. MaTHl\a xpBaTcKa I. op. 39 HT;Il.
OTMe, lIa 3eMJha He 6H H3ropeJIa OA
cyIlle. Kpai)H H npeKpaljH cyHl.\a
JJ,YKJIHJAH, JJ.yKJLan, JJ.yKJI.aHHH
I1peTXOllH HH3 )KHBOnHCHHX npHCJIy
(u.ap). TIo lI03HTHBHCTH'lKHM TYMa'le
II1KHBalb3 ljaBOJICKHX pa3rOBopa, CTBa
lbHMa, PHMCKH ~ap AHOKJIeI.\HjaH
palbe nTHl\e 'IYBapa, lIYXOBHTHX HaA
(284-305); no HCTOpH'lapHMa peJIHrH
MYApHBaH,a ljaBona KOjH no TaKMH
je, y AyanHCTH'lKOM MHTY 60r TaMe H
'IapCKOM l\orOBOpy POHH Ha nHO Mopa
rJIaBHH (0)KjH npOTHBHHK y HpaHcKoj,
Aa AOHece neCKa 3 (0)KjH H3aCJIaHHK
BaBHJIOHcKoj H eCToHcKoj TpaAHl.\HjH.
npeBapH, 3aJIenH MOPCKY nOBpIIIHH)',
TparH'laH jYHaK rrOA3eMHOr CBeTa, ~ap
Y3Me
CYHI\e H lI06eme Bory, aJIH ra
i)aBOJICKH 1:1 Kpa.I\JhHBa~ CYHlla (B. llap
ljaBo, OCJIo60AHBIIIH ce, CTH)Ke H OTKH
J1YICJlujan u Kpciii.uiii.e/b lOBan). TIoja
Aa My Meco CTaGaHa (cpa6yJIa y BehHHH
BJhyje ce y HH3Y HallIHX npeAalba, o6H
BapHjaH<lTa HMa cpyHKJ.:(Hjy eTHOJIO
'IHO OKOBaH 3a CTeHY Ha AHy peKe (npe
IllKor lIpeAalba (B.) H lIonpeljemi je
CBera KOA CTapor rpaAa AYKJhe). rne
TYMa'IefuY H3rJIella lbYACKor CTOlIana).
rJIolje CHHI.IHp, H, TaMaH lIa ra nperJIo
3a Hallia npenalba, H3BaHpeAHO YMeT
lje BCBeT 3ananH, a QHraHHH ra njm
TBpnH (BYK, PjellnuIC). Y MHor06poj- . . HH'IKH oGJIHKOB3Ha. AHHaMH'lHa, riyHa
3BYKOBa. Goja H' CJIHKa, KapaKTepH
HHM rrpe)lalbHMa Be3yje ce MaxOM 3a
CTH'IHa je H3BeCHa HaKJIOHOCT npeMa
lIoA3eMHe JIOKaJIHTeTe: nHO peKe Mo
ljaBOJIY. OH nOCTaje CHMnaTH'lHa JIH'l
pa'le. jaMe y BOKH, nehHHe y XepI.\e
HOCT, Y CBOjOj rrpeBaPf?HOCT1:I H Y3aJIYA
mBHHH, y BOCHH. 1 Y nOCJIeAlbe BpeMe
HOj GOpOH KOjY.BOAH Y BHny jyaa'IKHX
HCTpa)KeHe cy lberOl!e OJIHCKe MOTHB-.
HallHrpaIlalba (IIITO oMo:r;yhyje KacHHje
CKe napaneJIe CKaJIeBHllOerOM. MO)Ke
rrpepaCTalbe y enCKY rrecMY), Y CBojOj
ce nOBe3aTH' C TpojaHoM (B.,), Cpe
CYMIbH'IaBOj lIOBepJhH.BOCTH ( A paH
GpHHM' UapeM (B.), Aa60roM (B.).
ljeo, lIa TH MeHH He OH HeBjepy yqH
BeOMa caa)KaH, Ga~a' CTeHe H npe3H
HHO). 06HJheM' GoraTo paspaljeHHx
ljyje 3H}:{HHe Kao H BYK MaxHHTH (De
MOTHBa. IIpo~He BapHjaHTe ce Kpehy
BUll rpai'J).
HBHI.\OM rrpellalba, JIereHnapHe H
TIojaBJhyje ce y OKBHPY onllITen03
.II1a~HBe npH'Ie. 2
HaTOr AYaJIHCTH'IKor l.\HKnyca 0 CTBa- .
H.M.-ll,
palby CBeT3 1:13 neCKa C MopCKor )lHa .
I 'Y
K' h' \V49' '2{>A "to' M'. .,.
b
. n, apal,lH . n ,....." , DeroBN ,
y~':.B~_.3 HpKe
ap
YICJluJan U )KuHoiil Cp6u ii"",u'lupu. 188; 3J:DKO 1902,
Kp,CUluUl,eib lOBan ~ np03HO IIpHIIQ'VII:262;CE3 .1!!(19."XIV.322,H'I'A. . . .
. .BeAa)be y3 necM)', KOJH npellalbe 0.ca3- .. ,2 YD. ayK. )/(uHoiil lIofiu'Iajll. BB 189'4, IX, 4,
Aalb), Y3 3aiellHH'lKe HlllIope ~ora H '.' CI'p. 5&-.59; CE.3. '192,). XXXII. 380; f3M,
caTaHe CBOAH CaMO Ha MOTHB 0 lbHIH94.IV. 2113: WaynHb. CHn, I12,l06-i07I1T;1l.
XOBOM cyK06yOKO CBeTJIOCHOr CHM6o
JIa, Y3 YTHQaje arrOKpHcpHHX Ka3HBalba.
JJ,YHAB. PeKa Koja ce 'leCTO nOMHibe
Y MHoroGpojHHM np03HHM BapHjaIlTay HapOAHHM neCMaMa cpnCKoxpBaT
fJIaBHH ,npe-AC'l'aBHI1K je necMa H3
B
6
II J 1 '

73

11a ee e0311M CUHIMI ()ol1YHa8a...

CKHM, anH H JWyrnx CJ:rOBeHa: MaKe
nOHaua, CJlOBeHaua, Eyrapa, 3aTliM
Y neCMaMa H3 y):lan.eHHjHx OOJlacrH
YKpajHHaI.\a H CnOBaKa, Pyca, Beno
ryOH ce reorpa<pCKO opHjeHTHCalbe H
pyca, MopaBaua, HemX'o Malbe 'lJexa H
nojaan.yje ce ,[(YHae Kao onpel)HBalbe
TIon.aKa. J aBn.a ce YBeKKa):l Tpeoa ):Ia
BeJlHKe y):lan.eHOCTH:
oy):le rOBopa 0 HeKoj BenHlmj, mHpo
KOj, CTpamHoj, cHnHoj peU;H Koja
3Maj fio1lene C Mopa I/a JIYHa80,
):IOHOCH cpehy, a jom BHme Hecpehy,
HaKo y cpe):lHHH r):le je neCMa :>KHBena
ie()Ha paom HU JIYHUIlY, ()py'ia I/a MOpy,
HMa H npyrnx, 6nIDKHX H n03HaTHjHX
BenHKHX peKa Y3 Ha3HB ,[(YHaB, KOjH je
rpue) HU 11Yl/iJHY, iil/p'ie Ha MOpy...
npeMa crapocnoBeHcKHM je3HqKHM
cnOMeHHI\HMa HajcrapHjH Ha3HB, jama
Y neCM8Ma H3 KpajeBa ):IaneKHX 0):1

ce paHO H Ha3HB J1.YHaj, KaKO KO):l

,[(YHaBa, OH ce nOMHlbe KOjH nyT He

HcrO'lHHX, TaKO H KO):l 3ana):lHHX Cno

caMO Kao HeO):lpeljeHa peKa, Beli H Kao

BeHa, ca ycran.eHHM enHTeTHMa: THXH,

...
rpan, HnH KaKaB ):Ipym JlOKanHTeT:
THjH H oenH.
Y HamHM HapOnHHM necMaMa, Kao H
Hu 11YHuH ee Hur)3I1p"xy
KOn Jy:>KHHX CnoBeHa KojHMa je ,[(ynaB
A1I' cy y zpu() ()eeeiii 6puil1ax.
n03HaT, HMe peKe HMa ynory reo
(BYK 11331)
rpa<jlCKe OnpenHHl.~e, Hnp.
Y jenHoj neCMM, 3anMcaHoj no'l. XVIII
Tpuciiia .MJleeu Ka J1.yHa8Y
s. (EpJlUHreHCKM PYKonHC, 5p. 12),

(Ep1taHreHCKH PYlwnHc 45);

nOMHlbe ce ,[(YHaB KOjH ce CaBoM

:>KeHH, OKYMH TaMHw a '[(PHHY Y3MMa

Ha J1.YHaey oeeeiii aooeHullll

3a Aesepa. 3a peKy ,[(YHaB H lbeHe

(HCTO.141); .
nyoMHe Be3yjy ce H MHora np03Ha

npenalba.

wnt y nHpcKHM neCMaMa y BYKOBOj

1'.11.
npBoj KlbH3H
.
.

,llYWAHOBA JKEHHJlBA. Je):lHa' OA

J1.YHa60M iiJloau 1Ia{)a AalaHa

---------------------------------TiLI!0 oOAe Kpaj iiiuja J1.YHa8ll,

-----------~----------------------

Opy:JIC1l1l jYHaK J1.YHa8 upeiiJIuaa,

._--------------------------------
J1.aoe lJlaCe HU3 iiiujo J1.YHaao..

Y TaKBOj je yno3H ,[(ynaa H Y HaponHoj

neCMH KOjy je n. XeKTopoBHh 3alIHCaO

1556: .
H K.IIU'le OeBojKa, UOKJlU'Ie oeBojfCa
loUt KJlU'le oeBojKa MJlaOa MU iUepe'iU3ooBa,
MJlaoa ~Pf1 zU3oaaa, co 6pu.i 6e.na iJeBOjKQ
J1.YHaja. .

HajnenmHx necaMa 0 :>KeHHnOH jynaKa

CTapHjHx BpeMeHa. TeMa 0 :>KemmOM C

f1penpeKaMa je onWTa: KOA Hac ce

se3yje 3a eJ;1CKH nonYJIapHe jYHaKe

(JaHKo CHOl:llbaHHH. 'Bypalj CMenepe

Bau;).. fnaBHH jYHaK OBe neCMe je

,[(ywaHY Hen03HaT ceCTpHli MHnom
BOjHHOBHli, Mnaljailo oyrap'le ('10
6aHt]e), YMeTHH']KH seOMa ycneo JlHK
xpaopor II ):IOMHIlI)haTOr jynaKa, KOjH y
. JIei)aHY rpa):lY Kao 3aTOqHHK u:apa

yjaKa Y BHTemKHM HrpaMa nooeAH Ii

HaAMYAPH JIaTHHe H ):IoBeAe HeseCTY

u;ap'y.
. ..'
.

'B.. BOjUHQ6Uhu; flOi}PYZ06Uh,

. 'Y3:'~!!B ceo y nec~aMa j'amajy H

npyrn peanHH nOKaJlIrreTH KOjH YKa3Y:
jy ):Ia -cy neCMe :lKHBeJle y KpajeBHMa me
cy n03H;aTH:

.:.

tewaH.
'"

1'.11.

,llYWAH 'CTE~AH HEMAJbH11.

(1308-1355), .eHH CTe<jlaHa ,[(eqaHCKor,

jenaH on Haj3Ha'IajHHjHX cpncKHX cpeA

lhOBeKOBHHX Bnanapa. Kao ABaAeceT

Ha tlyHaay upeMa Eeo'ipaoy,

------"--------------------------
74

'.

ABorOAHmlbH MJlaAMli HCTaKao ce y

ca CTanHO npHcyTHHM TYMaqelbeM oc

MaHJlHjcKe Haje3Ae, Kao Ka3He 3a ,[(y

6HU:M KO):l BeJl6}':lKna, y KOjOj je cpncKa

waHOBe rpexOBe.

BojcKa nooenHJIa oyrapcKY. Cne):lelie

TIecMa 0 3HnalbY ,lle<laHa, Koji'"cna,LIa y

rOnHHe npOrJIaWaBa ce KpaJbeM

1l03HaTH Kpyr 0 3nnalhY 3any:>KOMHa
(1331-1345), u;apeM 1345. BenHKH paT
(B.), MOrJla OH OHTH naJleK onjeK HC
HHK, J{p:>KaBHHK H 3aKOHO):laBau:, Bna
TopHjcKe 'IHlbeHHu;e 0 3aje):lHHqKoj
nap CMenHX nOTe3a H peaJIHCTH'IKHX
u:apCKD-Kpan.eBcKoj BJlaAaBHHH ,[(y
BH3Hja. CpncKY apxHenHcKonHjy rronn
waHoBoj H Ypomesoj, Aa HHje, KaO H
rao Ha paHr'naTpHjapmHje 1346. Ha
npeTXOnHa, nOCTa CYMlbMBe aYTeH
naa BeJIHKa ):Ip:>KaBHa caoopa Y CKonn.y
TlI'IHOCTH.
1349, H Y Cepe3Y 1354. nOHOCH 3aKo
CBe }:Ipyre neCMe 0 ,[(ymany, a HMa HX
HHK - HajBa:lKHHjH aKT cpenlboseKoBHe
caMO HeKonHKO. HeHCTopHjcKe cy H
CpoHje. TIpenocehajyliH SeJlHKY onac
rosope 0 lberoBoj :>KeHH}:IOH (B. )Ke
HOCT 0):1 TypaKa, HapOqHTO nocne cpu
HH):Ioa ,[(ywaHOBa), 0 PO):lOCKBpnyliy
CKor, oyrapCKor H sH3aHTHjcKor nopa
(,[(ymaH xohe ceCTpy na Y3Me - BYK
3a KOn ,[(HMoTMKe 1352, man.e 1354.
11126, BYKl PKn. 11119, Y}:Iaja cecTpe
nOCJlaHCTBO naIIH HHoKeHTHjy VI y
,[(ymaHoBe. BYK 1IJ27, BOBaH IV/3;
ABMlbOH, C npe}:lJlOrOM 3a yje}:lHlbelbe
BYK III29), 0 oKneBeTaHoj neu;n ,[(yma
xpHmliaHcKor CBeTa npOTHB OCMaH
HOBOj (BYK, 11m 11/16), H 0 lberoBOj
CKor IJ;apcTBa, c MOJlOOM ):Ia y TOj oop
CMpTH. HaCTane O'IHrnenHO 3HaTHO
KacHHje OJ~ ,[(ymaHoBor BpeMeHa, OHe
OH oYne nOCTasn.eH 3a KarreTaHa
cy pe3ynTaT HaKHanHor Be3HBalba
xpHmhaHcrBa, na CTBOPH u:apCTBO Koje
MHTepH8u;HOHaJIHHX MHTOJlOmKHX M
OH YMeCTo ocnaon.eHe BM3aHTHje noc
npHnoBeaHHX TeMa 3a cpncKor BJIana
TaJIO aHTHTypCKH oeAeM. Y nyHOj CHa
pa.
3H yMHpe 1355. .
.
.
HeraTHBHa CBeTnoCT, KOjy OBe neCMe
HapotlHa neCMa, Koja ra Ha3MBa u;apeM .
oau:ajy Ha lberOB nHK, 3aXTeBa noceOHa
CTjenaHoM HJIH ~Te<jlaHoM, on CBHX, 3a
HCTpa:>KHBalba. Y Harun ce Kpeliy y
.enCKO OOJIHKOBalhe BeOMa. nOrO~HHl\:
npaBU:Y lberosor OnHoca c: U;PKSOM,
HCTOPMjcKHX 'IHlbeHHu:a, npOJla3H nci
Koja .it y BHny CBOjHX pa3HOpO):lHHX
pen HCTOpHje. IIoMHlbe jenMHo 50j Ha
upenCTaSHHKa 3HaTHO rrpHcyTHa y.
BenoY:>K):Iy H TO Kao enCKH OKBHP y ne
CBHM nOMeHyrMM neCMaMa.
CMH BaH MHJIYTHH H ,[(YKa Xepu;ero
CBe neCM~ 0 ,[(ywaHoBoM nOKymajy '}:Ia
Bau: (~YK 11130), Koja HH.aqe popaljyje
ce BeH'Ia ca ceCTpOM MMajy CTPYKTYPY
n03HaTY MHTepHaU;HOHaJlHY TeMY 0
npMnOBeTKe (TIporolbeHa neBojKa).
HeBepM :>KeHe, ):10K joj je M)')K y BOjCu;n.
CeCTpB H30eraBa HarraCHHKa, rrOCTa
nHCMO Koje <;fH:lKe oany MHJlYTHny H3
Bn.ajyliH My Helf3BpwHBe 3anaTKe, Koje
. IIpH3peHa, O}:l cpnCKora CHJlHa u;ap
OH YBeK H3SpWH jep }):Q!lpCKa pYKa
CTesaHa n03HB je Ha BOjHY, Hanane
OOrMe je nyra'IKa. Te }:IeBoju;n oCTaje
jeAHHo Ha}:la.na lie upKBe~ BeJlHKO
KO y 3eMJbY ByrapcKY, I HB MHjajJl'a;
nOCTojHHu;H, n03BaHH y 50:>KjH xpaM,
Kpallia oyrapcKoraK. . '
..
npecy}:lH'l'H .' npaBenH9. Y npaBMnHO
Y 30HPu;n JaCTpeoosa uojamyje'ce'
oOnHKoBaHoj rpanau;njH, CBeqaHO ce
Y!JnmTeHa.. sH3Hja nO'Ie:rKa TypCKor
nojB~n.y.iY npeACTaBHHl.'(U u;pKBe, on:
oCBajgn,a, kao He6eCKa orrOMeHa
HajBHwHx
.AO HajHM:>KHX, XOpCKM OJla
J?,~ma.ny. 3a CaKYun.!'\~ BOjCKe:
rOCJlOB POAOCKBpHOr rpexa, nOBpe
MeHO npeKH.AaH ycaMllieHOM KneTBO~r
Eep~ 60/CKY, 'ajoe Ha KOC080'

neBoja'lKoM, npO):lyon.yje pa3):10p !f3

3e CU MHOZO Y'ltlHujO zpea/

Meljy CHne BJlaCTH M HeMOM npaB):Ie,

Gllea TypljU 6p'io Ijapoaaiiiu

}:Ia 6H OHa Ha Kpajy HnaK TPHjYM<jlo

H TYPlju he llPciiieo upey3eiiiu,

Bana y xpaopOCTH ljaKoHoBoj H lbero

75

, I

: i

BHX ~aKa, If no YCTaJbeHOM HatlliHY,

caMa ce BH3yenHo IfCnOlhHna MohlfMa
CTIfXHje HnH xpHllihaHCKHM 'IYAOM Kao
HeH3MeHJbHBOM KOHa<lHomliy (Iq'KBa
ce caMa orpavyje Ha~ VaKOHOM, 3eMJba
ce npoBalhyje, Bo~a MYTHa O~HOCH
Be1IHKO):(OCTojHHKe).
BapHjaHTa 0 oxneBeTaHoj ~e~ ;u,yma
HOBOj (po~ocKBpHYhe YCBojeHor cHHa
H KhepKe), KOMnOHOBaHe ynpaBO Ha
cynpOTCTaBlhaH>Y HeBHHOCTH If KpHBH
u;e, TeKY Ka HCTOM TOM BH3ye1IHOM,
npHpO~HOM caMO):(OKa3Y npaB):(e Koja
ce nojaBJbyje noene CMPTH, Kao MHTO
1IOmKe '1ap01IHje MeTaMopcp03e (CYBO
~PBO 01IHCTa H np0U;BeTa no~ TenlfMa
06emeHHX, HeBHHO Ha6e~eHHX Jby6an

HHKa; 3e1IeHa ycaxHe jeJIa no~ Texm

HOM 06emeHHX xneBeTHHKa).
OP;JIOM8K 0 )lywaHoBoj CMpTH (BYK
II132) enCKH je OOnHKOBaHO C8MPTHO
3aBeWT8H>e BYKamHHY ~a 6y~e HaMec
HHK ~O nyHOJIeTCTBa YpomeBor, KOMe
je OB):(e - tIeTp):(eceT ):(aHa, H ):(a My
OH~a' npe):(a 1~8pCTBO. neCMa npe):(
CTaBJha HeKY BPCTY yBO):(a ene):(ehoj, 0
Ypomy H MpH>8BtIeBHhHMa. 3aHHM
JbHBHja je no HerOBaH>Y enCKor KOHTH
HYHTeTa BYKanHmOBor H3~ajCTBa npe
Ma HeMaH>HhHMa, H>erOBOr O):(Hoca
npeMa MapKY, Hero Kao neCMa Koja
):(onpHBOCH encKoj H3rpa):(H>H ;u,ymaHo
Bor 1IHK!I.
H.M.":!>.

"

'DABO (rp'l. diabolos; CTapH Ha3HB

Bpar, naxneHHK, 6ec). BeOMa enO)KeH

1IHK, KOjH je aCHMH1IOnao... MHOro

6pojHa H BPJIO pa3JIH'IHTa 6Hha H3 CTa

pe peJlHrHje H MlfTOBa. Y xpHmhaH

CTBy nOCTao rJIaBHH npOTHBHHK 60)KjH.

no qajKaHoBHhy, 3aMeHHO CTapHH

CKor cpncKornpxolmor 6ora, aJIH H

naraHCKe mYMCKe H nOJbCKe ):(eMOHe.

nojaBJhyje ce y CBHM BpCTaMa HaWHX

HapO~HHX YMOTBopHHa, nO'leB O~ Be

pOBaH>a H npe~aH>a, npeKO npHnOBena

Ka CBe no enCKe noe3Hje, aJIH y BeOMa

pa3HOBpCHHM YJIOraMa - on npOTHBHH

K.a no npHjaTeJba 'IOBeKOBor. YJIory y

pacnpOCTpaH>HBaH>Y H>erOBOr 1IHKa
urpajy H 6H61IHja H anOKpHcpHa KH>H
lKeBHOCT, anH H Bl;lmeenojHa YCMeHa
Tpa.n;~OHa1IHa BepOBaH>a. npHna.n;a
MY'Y1IOra ytIemha y CTBapaH>Y CBeTa (B.
P,YK.IIujaH.) II. )KHBOTHH>a Ha 3eMJbH.
">KHB'H y BHp.OBHMa Ha ):(ily BOne H y
HanymTeHHM CTaHHmTHMa (HH3 no
KaJIHHX' H p;eMOH01IOmKHX npenaH>a'lj
CBHM KpajeBHMa). I1Ma rJIaBY lKeHe
rpemKOM' a~e1Ia),
(lKeHa H>eroBY
U;PH je H XpOM;1 'IeCTO nyTyje,2 Be1IHKH
je MajCTOp: H3YMeo je paxHjy, KOCY,
KOBa'lKH 3aHaT H 6aBH ce H>HMe;3 Be3y
je ce 3a Bo):(eHHIJ;y (360PHO MeCTO 3a
naMrrnpe) KOjy H npOHaJIa3H ..4 I1Ma Moh .
npeTBapaH>a.
.
Y 6ajKaMa ce jaBlha tIemhe Kao enH30):(Ha nH'IHOCT y BH~y nepcoHHipHKO- .
. BaHor 3JIOr Jl:yxa. qOBeK np.onaje l)a
B01IY .n;ymy,S Hajpa.cnpOCTpaH>eHHj!i je
.THn 0 ~aBony Ii 'lh~rOBOM m~rpTy,6 Y .
WaJbHBHM. If- JlereH)~apHH~i npHtlaMa
MaXOM je CHMnaTH'IHa Jllf<IHOct, ynpa
BO 360r CBor HeycnemHor .n;pYlKeH>a C
JbY):(HMa KOjH My YBeK no.n;Balhyjy, Kao
H y HHTepHa~OHaJIHOM KPYry npHtla 0
rJIynoM i)aBo1Ii
H. M.-l>.

76

77

1J

1 Yn. CE3. XIV. up. 67.70.74.

2 CE3. XXXII. 403.

3 CE3. XIX. 363. 375: XLI. 510; rEM VIII. 101

1f11!.

4 CE3. XIX. 1I11:lllpCJlaH,a II np"llone,!(aKa.

5 BYK. npllllt1Hlljciiil.:e, nofipaiIiwtcKu aapa6".

up. 20; yn. Aalh 565.

(, BYK. np~mOI!JijcTKC. up. 6. Aath 325.

'DEBHlJ fPAn. JIoKa1IHTeT Be3aH 3a

npaCT8po npen81:be 0 HHu;eCTy, 3a 6op

6y .n;BojHu;e H1IH TpojHl~e 6pahe OKO

ceCTpe (y BYKOBOM Pje~H.UKY no.n;

Ha3HBOM Mel)a ByKa MaxHHTora),

Koja ce ol16paHH on I:bHX nOCTaBJhajyfiH

HM HeH31lpml-IBe 3a.n;aTKe. CaMa ce

3a3H.n;a y TBpl)aBY y CTeHH, Koja .n;06Hje

HMe cellH'I rpa.n; (CE3. 1911, XVII,

CTp.344).

H. M.-ll.

'DEMO 6P'DAHHH. EncKH jYHaKI

KOjH ce cYK06JbaBa C MapKoM KpaJbe

rmheM. Y MUKe.n;OHCKHM neCMaMa:

CHHO, )lHHtle ApHaYTtIe, fHHO JiaTH

HHH. MOlK~a eliCKO cenaJb Ha cHHa

My.caKHja. apOaHI:lCKOr KHe3a; BepoBa

THHje je AU HHje HCTPpHjcKa JIH'IHOCT.

r.n.
.1

,MapKo KpaJl.clIlJh II 1J~MO Bp~aHIIH(<' By\<

11/61.

'BEP3EJIE3

AJIHJA (fep3e1Ie3,
ceplje.!le3. npeMa TYp. gerzelias ~ MJIaJ(
. BHTe3, 1I06e,[lHHK Ha' M(!r.n;aHHMa):'
OM'Hfi>eH jYHaK MYenHMaHcK.HX enyKHX'
'HaponHHX necaMa H npHnOl;leJ\aKa. .
HaJtlemhe One)3aH KaKO 'BOjyje ca
pHMa H 3MajeM OrllieHHMBYK0M;
3amTHTHHK CYJITaHa H 6paH.HJ1au; tia~
CTBa. Be3yje ce 3a MHore 1IOKaJIHTere
60CHH; npHtIa ce .n;a je CKO'IHO c KOH>eM
ca 6YAHMCKor 6p,tla y ;u,YHaB y cn3BY

yr.- '.
y

cynTaHa. OnH':lelbe Mna,QOr, fH3,QaBOr

paTHHKa; nepCOHHq,HKaUHja nponeh

HOI' cyHlla. TIo HeXHM XHnOTe3aMa

enCKO Celialbe Ha AnH6era, npBor

CaHl,laK6era Cp6Hje (XV B.).
Hap0,QHa Tpa,QHl.\Hja je nona3Ha Ta'IXa
Y rpa~elbY JUlKa rJIaBHOr jYHaKa npH

nOBeTKe M. AH,QpHlia, TIYT AnHje

'Bep3ene3a.

.
I

je3epHMH, Ha H3BopHMa 3anTHBajy BO,QY

H Tpa)!(C JbY,QCKe H )!(HBOTHlbCKe
:>KpTBe. Y cnojy xpHwl'iaHcKe KfbIDKeB
HOCTH H MHTOnOWKe Tpa,QHl.\Hje npH
JlOBena ce Bnp. 0 CB. JYPlI, KojH y6Hja
a:>K,Qajy Y jC3epy no,Q TpojaHoM rpa
AOM KOll BOJle IJ;eTHHe Y AanMaQHjH H
6H MY'tJeH.2

Be3HBaH,cM OBaKBHX npe,Qalba 3a

xpHwl'iaHcKY nereHAY 0 y6HCTBY a:>K
A3je H OCJI06a~afbY uapeBe KhepH, no
CTojafbeM MOTHBa 6ajxe 3 0 jYHaKY KOjH
cnacaBa neBo.ixy 011. a:>K.Qaje, CTBOPHO ce
HH3 CTHXOBaHHX H np03HHX CH:>Kea y
KojHMa jc rJIaBHa nH'IHOCT CB. 'Bop~e.
B. 13ypbeacKe flee-Me.

JIecKOBa'lKOM 360PHHKY). ;o;ao nop

TpeTe neBa'la H Ka3HBa'la (JIecKoBa

'lKH 360pHHK V, XIV) H nojeAlIHHX

rnncKHX nHKOBa y HaponHOM CTBapa

lby ('lJIaHD;H 0 TIaKaJIH).

npBo6HTHO nocBeheHe AYXY ApBeTa H

KyJITy nnO).lHOCTH. ;o;06Hjajy ABOCTPYKY
MarMjcKY OCBOBY: CTO'IapCKo-arpapHY
H 6ajIlJIWIKO-Jby6aBHY, Aa 6H ce KaCHH
je o6oraTlfJIe CJlojeBHMa xpHwhaHcKe
nereHAe.
MOTHBcKH HajCTapHje neCMe 0 1l,yxy
npBen HnH fberOBOM ABojHHKY
3eneHOM Jypjy, o'IYBaJle cy ce Haj60Jbe
y CnoBeHHjH H KajKaBcKoM Aeny
XpBaTcKe. Y3 o6peJl onxoAa Becene
nOBopKe, 'mja jc ueHTpanHa qlHrypa y
3eneHHJJO 06Y'ICH MJ1anHli HnH diMo
APBO, Koje ce Ha Kpajy nOTana y Bony,
neBajy cc neCMe A06pHX )!(eJba npeA
ceOCKHM Kyha~a H TPa:>Ke ce AapoBH:

H. M.-"B.

'BOP'BEBH1'l, THXOMHP (1868-1944),

eTHonor, npoq,ecop YHHBep3HTeTa,

'maH CAHY H JA3Y, nOKpeTa'l H

P.ll.
ypenHHK cponKJIOpHOr '1aCOnHCa Ka

paUHh (1/1899) H HeKonHKO TOMOBa

'BOP'BE (coeTH), xpHwhaHCKH MY'Ie

CpncKor eTHorpaq,cKor 360pHHKa.

HHK H3 IV BeKa, HacneJlHHK 3Majey

YTeMeJbHBa'l eTHonomje Kao HaYKe

6HQe MHOr060:>Ka'lKHX penHrHjcKHx

Ha Beorpa).lCKOM YHHBep3HTeTY. Ba

CHCTeMa. TherOB KynT je BeOMa CTap H

BHO ce TepeHCKHM H apxHBcKHM panoM.

pa3BHjeH y nHpCKoj noe3HjH, rAe je OH

H.M.-n.
TeopHjcKH 3Ha'IajHY CTYAHjy CpncKH

60:>KaHCTBO BereTal.\Hje, CTO'IapCKO,

q,onKJIop 06jaBHo y KapaUHliy 6p.

ll(mecAII l'MO WUHiJu.I Jypju,
BY'Ije (0)!(aHCTBo.

I Yn. "CpOCK!! ncnmJlc 1840, erp. 70-74; 1848.

II H III (1900). )leceT KfbHra nOil
WUHiiill lypju aeAeHOZlI,
JIereHJla 0 CB. 'Bop~y 'IHHH jeAHY OJl
c"1'p. 1I1~: nC1'paHOllllh II. 1867, erp. 6-10;
HacnoBoM Haw HapooHu J!Cu8oill

KOj HUM Hoell ("He 3eAeHO

HajnonynapHHjHX TeMa Hawe CpeJlfbO
lllaYII!!h. CHn 1929. 111. erp. 21-26: laTHM
(1930-1934), o6yxBaTa HH3 cTY).lHja H3

BeKOBHe KfblOKeBHOCTH. TIojaBJbyje ce

~taKcl\OlICKC nCCMC. 6paha MHlla)lHHOllIlH, 31.
o6naCTH BepoBalba, 06H'Iaja, :>KHBOTa

AUKl.lm ()yiy oj MIllIl)lIIlY.

Y ABa BHJla: Kao TeMa npeBacxoAHe
311 II lIP,
llapyjme IIUM Wumull lypja...
Hapoila, H3 j:.\YXOBHe H MaTepHjanHe

npHnaAHocTH nHcaHoj nHTepaTypH

2 rpanollan. UnIlT pa3rOBopa, CT. nHcnl!
KynType. 3a Hapo,QHY KlblOKeBHOCT 011.

XXX. 1951. C"l'p. 1116: yn. HKapaUHh 1899, I,

anoKpHq,HHX :>KHTHja H Kao TeMa 0
(Y. Zganec, Hrvatske narmlne pjesme lcajkavske,
noce6Hor 3Ha'laja cy npoY'laBalba

C'l'p. 261-262: I':XKI. II. C'rp. 20.3-204.

'!YAY ca a:>KAajoM, C jaKHM YTHQajeM Ha
M. H', 19S0)
.
npeJlafba,
necaMa,
nocnoBHQa,
TYMa'le
3
Aath
3(KI.
HapoAHY KfblOKeBHOCT. Y OBOM ,QpyroM
lba
.nojenHHHx
TeKcToBa
Ha
OCHOBY

.
. BHAY, 06nHKoBa~OM Beli y rnarOJbCKOM
HCT0j:lHjcKo-eTHorpaq,cKHx H eTJIO
Kao nepcomlq,HKoBaHo nponeliHo 60
'BOPDEBlfD, Bn8MMHp, MY3HKOJlor
pYKonHcy H3 XV B., IrnCaHOM roTOEO
nOWKHX peanHja, Oene:>Kelba H 06ja
:>KaH?TBo , CB. ~opl)e (B.) npeMa lIeCMa. H Menorpaq,. Bene:>KHO je H TeKCTOBe
caCEHM y :>KHBOM je3HKY HapOAHOM,
.
Wlbefba
TYpCKor,
1lJI6aHCKor
H
UHraHMa OTanu ne,Q; AOHOCH 3npaBJbe, Hrpy,
HapOnHHX nHpcKHx necaMa: HapoOHo
3aTHM y Ay6pOBa'IKOM hHpHnCKOM'
CKor q,onKJIopa. BaneliH ce npHllOBeTBece~e. fberOBa 1I0eTCKa-np~CYTHOCT,
(1926),
CpficKe
HapooHe
MetlO
lie8afbC
360PHHKY, H Kao cpnCKa peAaKUHja, Y
KaMa, npeAalbHMa H neCMaMa, nOKMarHJOM AOj:.\Hpa H tlaponHJOM pe'lH
ouje, I, 1928; II, 1931. nenOTOM ce HC
Mellaeumu H3 XVI E., YTH'Ie Ha Hapo
Jlalba na:>KlbY HHTepHal.\HOHanHHM
nyHH JlHHaAe l.\Behe~, lbHBe KnacjeM,
TH'Iy
3anHcH
H3
jY)KHe
H
HCTO'lHe
ACKy neCMY JlanMaTHHCKor q,paTpa
MOBHTHMa, BapHjaHTaMa. fberOBe Be6a'IOO BHHOM, nOJba Jaralbl.\HMa (Ca.
Cp6Hje.
<l>pafbe' Pa,QMaHa H3 1764. J{a'mli je
JleWKe U3 Hawe HapOOHe fi.oeauje nojaDOP~~ no nOJbe weTaja).
P. rio
YHOCH y Pa3roEop yrOJlHH H 011. TaAa
BJbyjy ce y CBHM 6pojeBHMa TIoon (OA
Y MaJCKHM 06peilHHM CBe'laHOCTHMa,
MO)!(eMO npaTHTH fbeHe TpaHcq,0pMa
1935-1939); npHJI03H 0 DpHnOBeTKaMa
HH3 MamjcKHx paAlbH, npa.J:ieHHX q:ecl.\Hje y pa3f1HM 36HpKaMa. Y BeliHHH
'DOP'BEBH1'a, JlparYTHH. (po~eH
y'
TIKJM<I>
(1935),
36HPKY
l1uwHcKe
MOM, '!HHH Aa .ce oCHrypa IInOAHOCT H
'>HapOACKHX necaMa HHcHCTHpa ce Ha
'1907), CBeWTeHHK, eTHorpaq" q,onK-.
HapoOHe iipuiio8eillKe WTaMna 1933.
:>KHBOTHH,CKor, H 6HJbHOr CBeTa, H
cynpoTCTaBJbalbY xpHwhaHcxe Bepe
nopHCT. CHCTeMaTcKH caKynJba Hapo
JbYil H (BeHl.\H .Ha BpaToBHMa CTOKe;
noce6HY na:>KlbY o6palia Ha TYMa'Iefbe
.naraHcKoj H 'l'YAO ca 'a:>KAajoM ce
,QHe YMOTBopHHe H, BHwe 011. nona
~ocnOBHl.\a. TIOCMPTHO 06ja~JbeHa ).Ie
rpaH'!HQe y opaHHQH, KowYJba 'HeponojaBJbyje Kao .npenoMHH MOMeHaT y .
BeKa, nocMaTpa Hap0j:.\HH :>KHBOT' H
na
6,!Be
ce
MaxOM
BepoBaH>eM
H
npena-'
TKHfbe
Ha 1JJJ0j\HOM APBeTY). HeKaj\ai
npe06pahafby cTaHOBHHWTBa KOMe je
06H mje y 06naCTH neCKOBa'IKe Mopa
lbeM (lJpupooa y 8epOBafbY u ilpeoafbY
Wfbe aHHMHCTH~IKO H aHHMaTHcTH'IKO .
nojana a:>KAaje 6HJIa Ka3Ha 3a 6e3a~e. 06jasHo je 06HMHY eTHorpaq,cKY
Hatp.ez Hapooa., 195~; .Bewillulie,. BUM,
. C;XBaTalbe 0 He06H~lHoj nojeAHHa'limj'
KOfbe. TaKo -ce y MJ:lorHM BapHj~HTaMa'
MOHorpncj>Hjy 0 necKoBa'lKoj .Mqp~BH.
.Ba.MilUPIf U opfi.a 6uha y nawe,Af HapoMo:lm 'OHJba, IIpeTBapa' ce y noeTCKH
OBa TeMa B~3yje 3a HAejy 0 nOWJbeA7 .' (CE3; 1958) 'Koja .ca,Qp:>KU'onHce noje.:
OHPM: .8cpoBaIbY. U iip'e?a1QY, .1953), . '. nHjanor CfbHM:
. lbeM .BpcMeHY;l Y SHCTOM H jep;Ho. AHHHX 06p~Aa H 06H'la1a: (na~apHl.\a,
' .
Ii. M.-b.
'
CTaBHo~ 06~HK:y" 5aJ:ia,Qe, T~Ma je Cl'Ie- '. Iinp.) H. aYTeHTH'IHe '3anHC~ ~eKGT<!Ba.
3()Pa(J'le, JljOM'Ie, 6~py 'AU iiie?
AeHa caMO .Ha cnacaBaiDe AeBojKe 011.
30HpKe Hap<mfllix npHnOBe~aKa, npe
oepy, fiepy, KUKIJ I)t/He fiepy.'
. 'BYPDEBCKE' D:E:CME. KaneHilap
~aje (BYKOBa'36HpKa V/249).
j:.\alba H nHpcKHx HapoAHHX necaMa.y3
CKe 06peAHe neCMe Koje ce neBajy Ha
CB. 'Bop~e ce nojaBJbyje H y npeAalbHTeKCTOOO ).IOHOCe 3anHce 0 OKonHoCTHCaMa neCMa je H Bep6ailHH onHC pHTY
CaM 'Byp~eBAaH, yO'IH npa3HHKa, Kao H
Ma Kao ocn060AHnaQ oA 3MajeBa 11
Ma H Ha'IHHY npHnoBeAalba H neBalba
aJIHe
paAfbe:
TOKOM
u;eJIe
HeAeJbe
Koja
MY
npeTXO/J;H.
npyrnx 'IynoBHllITa Koja npe6HBajy y
(y PaAOIlIlMa KOHrpeca <pOJIlrnOpHCTa,

78

79

II
Mene eujy y se.llene eeHl~.
JeOan eenal13a 081IY Ka.llyw.y
D.py'iu eenQ/i sa ja'ilbe fjypfjeeCKO.

je3HKY). IhY'Iana CBe BpCTe Hawe Ha

pOAHe Klbll)l(eBHOCTH, noceoHo HJIH y
OKBHPY aHTOJIOrnja H 30HpKH: eOOKY

60cuOKa, oa je MOAUlK ne CMeAe c'oKa,

.lby6u'lu1le, oa je eaaoa .lby6u.

'Jiypfjee oanaK -;xajoY'lKU caciilanaK<<.

.

H. M.-n.

. 'BYPH1i~ BOjUCJl.8S (pol)eH 1912),

KlbH)l(eBHH :IICTOpH"Iap :II TeOpeTH"Iap,
npoq,ecop EeorpMCKor yHHBep3:11Te
Ta, OCHHBa'l UeHTpa (HHCT~YTa) 3a
TeoPHjy KlbH)l(eBHOCTH H YMeTHoCTH y
EeorpaAY :II ypeAHHK H>eroBHX .nyo
JIHKaQHja, qJIaH CAHY. llopeA CTYAH
je :113 OOJI.c;tCTH CBeTCKe H cpnCKe ~H
)l(eBHOCTH TYJIC6aJ1U1la y c6eiilcKoj
K1bUJiCe8HOciilu (AOKTopCKa AHcepTa
QUja), 1940. oojaBHo je: nOciilaHaK u
~a380i iulpooHe. K1bUJiCe8HOciilu, 1954,
1955, 31956; OAHOC:II YCMeHe H llH
. caHe KlbH)l(~BHOCTH cpncKoxpBaTCKe
(4>HJIOJIOIDKH nperJIeA .1967, 5, 1-4,
CTp. 1"-14; 219?9. Ha 'q,paHQycKoM

(HeKU iiuiiiU1bU lTtyMll'1e1bU napoclHe

efiUKe), CaBpeMeHa WKOJIa 1949, IV,
8-9, CTp. 60-92; CpiicKoxp6aiilcKa Ha
pooHa efillKQ, 1955; 0 UOpeKJlY jYHa
'IKlLX ilecaMa, KlbH)l(eBHOCT H je3HK,
1968, XV, 4, CTp. 16-24; AHiiloJl02uja
HapooHlLX jYHa'lKlIx uecaMa, CK3,
Er3EMUJIYM (paradeigma, "PO
11954, 81977; AHiiloJlOluja HapooHux
Mep). llpeMa aHTH"IKoj peTOpHQH, jow
efiCKUX llecaMa, Klb. I H II, MC H CK3,
OA ApHCTOTeJIa YMeTHYTa nOBeCT Kao

4>HHa HI'pa Ha3HBa QBeTOBa H lbHXOBe

MOM, npBOOHTHO Be3aHa 3a lbHXOBO
MarnjcKo A((jCTBo, npeTBapa ce y BeAap
CKIlM 3BYKa H 3Ha"Ielba. ,IJ;eBojKa oepe:

BeHaQ, Kao CBaAoeHH CHMOOJI, nOCTaje

H JbyoaBHa cBMOeHa nopyKa.
lloceOHY rpyny "IHHe neCMe 0 CB.
'Bopl)y KOlbaHHKY H roKAajoYOHQH,
Koje ce y cnojy C npeTxpHWhaHCKHM
KYJITOBHMa 0 COJIapHHM npoJIehHHM
OO)l(aHCTBHMa Ha KOlbY, pa3BHjajy y
xpHwhaHcKe JIereHAapHe oaJIaAe, C
THfiH"IHOM TeHAeHQHjoM enH3Hpalba,
HapO"IHTO Ha cpncKoM nOAPyqjy, rAe
'Bypl)eBAaH nOCTaje H xajAY"Im npa
. 3HHK - TpeHYTaK 3a nO"IeTaK paToBa
lba: .

11958, 21969); JIHPHKY (BYK CTeq,.

Kapm.IHH, CpficKe HapooHe ujecMe,
KlbHra npBa, 1953,21964; AHiiloJl02uja
HapooHlu: JlllPCKlIX fiecaMa, MC H CK3
1958, 21969); npHnoBeTKe (Haf,00He
!1plt!106etTtKe, EeorpaA, 1948, 1963;

3aJIOr HCTHHe; KacHHje, YTeJIOBJbelbe

HeKor cBojCTBa Y HeKOM JIHKy; y cpe):l
H>eM BeKY y30pHH npl:fMepH JbYACKHX
OAJlHKa H CJIaOOcTH, Aa OH ce nOA
CTaKIla nOOO)l(HoCT. Y Hawoj KlbH)l(eB
HOCTH Y 3anaAHHM KpajeBHMa, KOM
AHfiioJl0211ja napooHux iipuiioaeoaKa,
nJIeKCHa npH"Ia ca 3aHHMJbHBOM q,aoy
MC H CK3 1960, 31969; AHiilOJlOzuja,
JIOM; "IeCTO ce npO)l(HMa C JIereH,rlOM,
CK3 1977). EaBH ce BYKOM H lberoBoM
CJI~H nOYQH, YTBpl)HBalbY Y BepH.
noeTHKOM (BYK 0 HaiipeiilKY U,flu upu
YrnaBHoM ce ynOTpeOJbaBa Aa HJIYC
ctTtya B),K060j !1oefiiulIU, BYKOB 300p
Tpyje QPKBeHO oeceAHHllITBo. EJIHCKa
HHK, CAHY 1966), 4>HJIHnOM BIDlllbH
je cpeAlboeBponcKoj H 3allAHoeBpon
heM (OcomlHe BlIlIl1buhe80i U3paaa,
CKoj ny"IKOj KlbH)l(eBHocTH. 3axBa
KlbH)l(eBHOCT H je3HK 1968, XV, 1,
JbyjyhH YCMeHoM Ha"IHHY K~3HBalba,
cTp.I-9).
paHO ce npeHOCH y HapoA H q,OJIK
H.M.-n.
JlOpH3yje. EoraTei?H ce, e jeAHe CTpaHe,
eJIeMeHTHMa 3aoaBHor, C APyre, 300r
'BYPH1'a, MHJJOW H. (1892~1967),
npeTeHAOBalba -Ha HCTHHHTOCT, YHOCH.
XeJleHHCTa H KIlaCH'IaH q,HfiOJIOr, npo
eJIeMeHTe npeAalba, C HarJIaCKOM Ha
<pecop WHJl03oq,cKor q,aKYJITeTa y
CTpaBH"IHoM.1
EeorpaAY, 'IJIaH CAHY. Ca rp"IKOr
Ha nOAPY"Ijy HCTOlJHe upKBe, npHMepH
npeBeo IfJlujaoy H Ooucejy. llpoy
Koje CpeAlbOBeKOBBH llHCQH HJIH npo
.'laBao je H Hawy HapOAHY KlbH)l(eB
nOBeAHHQIl YHoce y cBoja AeJIa, Kpehy
HOCT, OCQOHTO encJ<;Y, ca CTaHOBIDllTa
ce Y ):lOMeHY HOBor 3aBeTa. Y3 oqy
. eTH'IKo:-cCTeTCKOr (CMpiil MqjKe 'yzo
Balbe aJIeropHjcKor CMHCJIa, HJIH, yKO
auha), KilO H lbeHe OAHOCe C XOMepo
JlHKO ce Taj CMHcao ryOH; y3 nojaM
BOM noe3HjoM. HCTpa)l(yjyfiH CJIO)l(e
AYXOBHe BpJlHHe H nOOO:lKHOCTH AO
HOCT.MOTHBa, JIHKOBaH enCKe TeXHHKe
CTojHe HMHTOBalba, q,OJIKnOpH30Ba
(Beae XOMepo6e 110eauje CHaUlO.M na

lbeM ce yIi:oCH nojaM MOpaJIHe xpaopo

POOHOM 1/ YMetTtHlIllKOM eUUKOM,OOU

CTH, 'lojCTBa H jYHamTBa, TaKoi}e AO

ceja Y oZJleOaJlY HaUllIX HapOOHUX iieca
CTojHor HMHT~Balba. llpeoBJIai}yje Ma
. Mel, IfJllijaoa u HaUfe napooHff fleCMti).
KYJITYPHO-HCTopHjcKor npeAaa;a.,
p.n.
Kao .y tp"I~oj aHTH"IKOj KlbH)l(eBHOCTH.

miP

,!:"t;.

'.

H.M.-n.

V. '~. 51mbal, Prilike iz' stare .brvalske :

glagolske knjige. ZNZO, 1917-1918, SIr.
21-23.

EIIHKA, B. EiicKU YCMena iiecJIUl.

80

81

EUHTET, CTAJIHH (rp"I., epithe

ton=AOAHTaK). BpCTa enHTeTa Y Hapo
AHOj KH>H)I(eBHOCTH. I1Ma 3Ha"IajHY
yJIory Y nonylbaBatbY CTHXa, aJIH H
eCTeTcKo-noeTcKY q,YHKQHjy. KapaK
TePHCTHKIl enHTeTa, YOOH"IajeHa Y Ae
q,HHI:fQl:fjaMa. n3 311 pa3JIHKY OA aTpH
OYTa 03Ha'laBa HeKY OAJIHKY CBOj
CTBeHY HCKJbY'IHBO nojMY Ha KojH ce
OAHOCH - OBAe je jom H3proKeHHja.
OCHM y3 HMeHHQY (BjepHa Jbyoa, BHTa
jeJIa, opHTKa caOJba, rn3AaBa AjeBojKa,
rp03He CY3e. 'laCHH KpCT, "IapHa ropa),
CTaJIHH ellHTeT Y HapoAHoj neCMH
lleCTO CTOjH y3 rnarOJIe (THXO oecje;!\H
TH. cMjepHo ce KIlalbaTH, paHO paHHTH,
JbYTO :QBHJIHTI:f); nojaBJbyje ce H Kao
I:fMeHlU\a Y YJI03H IlpHAeBa (AecHmia
PYK3', JbenOTa AjeBojKa, 3a COKOJIa
0PJIOBHHU llaBJIa), HJIH y YJl03H ano
3HQHje (uap JIa3ape
cpnCKa KpyHO
3JlaTHa, MJIaAO)l(efhO - nepo nayaoBO).
Pei}e, enHTeT MO)l(e OHTH 1;1 ABOCTpYK
9BQa CBHJIOpYHa, KOlb nyToHor. oje
JIorpJla BHJIa, KOCTOJlOMHO KOILl'be; Y
oyrapWTHQaMa enHTeTH ce He cnajajy.
Beh cTOje ynopeAo, OJlll)l(e OApei}yjyhH
nojaM GYHa'IKa QPHa 3eMJba, cjeHoBH
TO XJIaAHO BI:fHo:jaBop cyxo APBO).
Je):lHOM OTKpHBeHa, HajTHfiH'{HHja CBo
JCTBa npe)tMeTIl., nojaBe, JIH"IH6C'l'H
oCTajy 3UYBeK 3a lbHX Be33Ha, OCHM
YKOJlHKO Ta cBojCTBa He Aoi}y' y npo
THBype'Il!0CT C JIOrnKOM 30HBalba. Bje
pHa Jbyoa:y 'neCMH HeBjepa ibyoe
fpyjH'lHHe (BYK. mn), ryOH enHTeT
KOjH je. Ha . n01leTKY neCMe HMaJIa,
oAMax nowTO.ce npuKIlOHH TYPQUMa H' .
oCTaje caMO Jbyoa. HJIH. MaKcHMHja
MJlaAa. BeOMa nroKJbHBO Kopuwhelbe
I:fJIH H30CTaBJbalbe OBor ellHTeTa Bjep
'H3 (Jbyoa) y llo3HaTOj neCMH .CTapQa
MHJIHje 0 EaHoBHhy CTpaxHILH. ye- .

KJl. ~~.yje C~ c_!lc~~.I!()l!!!<_HM _a;lB.9j~M.

Jlora &J~" BruneT CIlQ/3HU H 'tecUiuUiu
ynOTpe6.!beH 3a KHe3a JIa3apa, Y Kope
Jla~HjH ca CBeKOJlHKHM enCKO-HCTO
PHjcKHM MOTHBHMa KOCOBCKor Kpyra
necaMa, n06Hja cne~q,H'IaH npH3BYK,
noja'IaBa eTH'!:KO CBOjCTBO JlHKa H
YKJIaFha CTepeoTHllHocT. C npyre CTpa
He, eIIHTeT 1teaep1tu, J{ao H ~eJla CHH
TarMa 00 KOlbeH.a HeajepHoia cnaja ce
TaKO '!:BPCTO ca HMeHOM BYKa (EpaH
KOBHha) na ce y TpanH~jy YBpe)K)'je
caMO cnpera BYK 1'1 HeBepHH, H
oMoryhyje neBa'IY noeTCKe nponope y
caCBHM npyra'IHja nonpy'Ija 3Ha'!:eFha
on H3BopHor. Y 6yraplllT~ ce Be3yje
3a 3Maja ;ll;ecnoTa BYKa H pa3BHja y
MeTaq,opy CMPTH, He ry6ehH 1m npBy,
OCHOBH}', OB03eMa.!bCKY nHMeH3Hjy:

Y 6yrapwTHuaMa 'leCTO ynoTpe6.!ba

BaH emlTeT }}JlHjeJJ, nopen Tora lllTO
HMa q,YHKUHjy nonYFhaBaFha CTHxa,
eKcnnHUHTIta je Te)l(lba, Ka HCKa3HBalbY
H):\eaJIHHX nojaBa, H Morao 6H 6HTH Aeo

neBa'reBor eCTeTH'!:Kor CXBaTaFha

CBeTa.

IIopen Tora lllTO nonpHHOCH CJlHKOBH

TOCTH ()KYTa nYlba, paBHO nO.!be, 3eJle

Ha JlHBana), 3anHpyhH y caMY CYlllTHHy

nojaBe (BHnOBHH 60r, HeBO.!bHH cy

)Kalb, nenep - 3naTHH npCTeH), CTanHH
enHTeT je HajnoTnyHHjH nyT cnopa3y
MenaFha H3Meljy CTBapaOI~a 1'1 cnyUla
o~a, y jeJ~Hoj CpenHHH Koja HMa 3ajen
HH'lKe aco~jal\Hje Ha n03HaTe nojaBe,
1'1 onWTe .!bynCKe, H 3a nojenHHe cpe
nHHe, Cl1el~Hq,H'lHe,
H,M.-p.

Bai'loa cy iUu Ila Melle, c8ujeili.Au KplUby,

I CMp'I' accIltrra DYKa. M. naHTHh, HapooHe

l080PIUlU

lie,Me y ,lllllUClIAUI tJt) XV-XVJII lIe/cu, 1964,

lI.a caM iUu ce poouo 00 KO.lbeHa lle8jepHo
crp.61.
la.

080 iUu COM cao iUYJICall oeciioiU, cao 1le8

EnCKA YCMEHA nECMA. IIeCMa
jepy Y'lUHUO,

Koja npHnOBeAHHM Ha'IHHOM OneBa

Ep COM uoulo c.llYJICuiUu ja 6o.lbela lociio
KaKa~ 3Ha tlajaH noraljaj HnH n3)Klbe
.
oapa,

BpenaH J~O)KHB.!baj y npYIliTBeHOM,

flo60.lbe'ia lociiooapa, 6Q~a MOla 8e.1lUKO

'jaBHoM nenOBalbY 'IOBeKa. To je Haj

'IeIiIhe jYHa'IKo neno, nOnBHr KojH ce
neCMOM 'IYBa.on 3a60paBa 1'1 cnaBH
OHor KojH ra je y'IHHJ!2.:l EncKa YCMeHa'
neCMa KOn CBaKOr nojenHHor HapOna
HMa cBoje YTBpljeH~ KapaKTepHCTH'IHe
o6nHKe H nOBe3aHa je ca YCTa.!beHHM
My3H'IKHM HatlHHOM H3B0geFha, Haj'Ie
whe y3 npaTlby onpeljeHHX HHCTpYMe
HaTa (KOIl; Hac, rycne, T3.M6ypa). Y)-Ie
THl-i'IKH 06nHK, Ha'IHH H3Boljefb<J, H
My'3HKa KOjOM ce npaTH 'IHHe caMO
cBojHe, HlI~HOHaJIHe 01l;nHKe enCKe oe
CMe. (:FbeHe TeMe H MOTHBH 'IeCTO cy
OOUlTer, HHTepHaQHOHaJlHqr, KapaK
Tepa. Kao BpCTy KllpaKTepmpy je yCTa
.!beHe q,opMe,,' HCTOPH'IHOCT, :HIl;'erulH
3a~ja Il;oraljaja II h'HaKa, )KHBOTHH
'peaJ1H3aM, oll;peljeH necHH tIKo-H3pa
)KajIDi CTI-m, HatIMH CTBapalba 1'1' noCTO- ,
nOCTllHKY Cllall;a y HajpaHHje,
jalba.
TBopeBHHe .!bYACKor yMa, nOBe3aHe c
pa3BojeM KYJITa npell;aKa; FheH neCHH
'IKH OMHK, nOHHKao H3 np03HHX Ka3H

~a,

lI.paiu iociiooapy.I

CTaJIHH enHTeTH KOjH cy Hepa3nBojHH

ca HMeHOM jYHaKa, 'IeCTO aco~Hpajy Ha
npenaFha 0' FhHXOBOM nopeKJIy (3Mflj
OrFheim BYK, :pe.!ba KpHJlaTHQa).
Te)KFha Ka HneaJlHOM CBOjCTBY npH
CYTHa KOn CBHX CTanHHX enHTeTa KOjH
H3p3)KaBajy D03HTHBHe nojaBe, noce6
1'10 je lmn.!bHBa y neCMaMa nOOpHX
)Ke.!ba, y KojHMa CBaKa )Ke.!ba nonpa
3yMeBa II HajHneaJIHHjH BHn OCTBape
Fha.. Pe~aFhe enHTeTa, KOjH CY.y HeKHM
neCMaMa H nBOCTpYKH, najy cyreCTHBH}'
BH~Hjy 6narOCTaFha .H 60raTCTBa:

8e~'~,

lI.o6ap
KO./leOO, OPMaAUHe,
Kpa81/:,inu ce uc.iUe.llltJle '

'Cae 80.lldae '8umopoie,

. .'K06U.1lf ce wH:ope6U.1le .
C8e KOlbUlfe uyiUollo'ie,
081{e iUu ce Ui'ljallbU.lle,
C8e 08"1Ulfe C8U.1lopYlle.

Ko~eoo

no

(BYK 11189)

82

H cO~HjaJlHHx OAnHKa, nYXOBHT H Heca

JlOM.!bHn 60pau npoTHB TypaKa, KanH
ja, TpronaL~a, Apymx eTHH'lKHX rpyrra.
JJ;aneKOCC)I(aH XYMOP lberOBHX pe'lH H
H3a6paHHX cHTyaI.\Hja 'IeCTO npepacTa
y ~pYWTl3eHY caTHpy, Y carne~aBalbe
CTBapHoCTH y KOjOj ce n06eAa Hall; npo
THBHHKOM nOOHja caMO YMOM 1'1
)KHJlaBOM yrropHomhy. Epa cnpe'!:aBa
Kall;Hjy TIll rnena Y hHTan Kan je
lberOBa jC~HHa KpaBa yoona KaAHjHH)',
jep je y npeTxoll;Hoj HCToBeTHoj
cHTYal~HjH, Kan je jCAHa on KaAHjHHHX
KpaBa y60Jla FheroBY, KanHja npeCYAHO
na cy ce 1I060Jle caMe. ArHHY H3jaBY,
y IIPyroj npH'IM, I~a na)Ke, Epa HerHpa
TYMa'IeH,eM Aa 01'1 HHje ara Te Aa He
c:'ell;H y CYAY. Kao OCTaJle are ('BeHHh,
21), I1J1H, IIoTBpljyje arHHe no-KYll;e
cBOjOj flllleHHUH
na 6H Ha arHHy
3anpenllmheHocT lllTO Hll;e npoTHB
ClIMor ce6e, H3jaBHo; IIoM3)KeM TH ce
(Bp'IeBHh,
cnpnaTH, rocnoll;apy!
flplifioaujeiUKe I1232). Ocyl)eH Ha
CMpT, H3pH'Ie cBOjy nocnenlbY )Ke.!by
na yMpe OA CTlIPOCTH (Bp'IeBHh,
flpuuoaeiiiKe 11208). Pelje je )l(pTBa
nOA~ane
o6H'1H0 rpaljaHcKe, Koja ce
3aCHHBa Ha lberOBOM Hen03HaBlllbY
BapoUlKe cpell;HHc.
~. ll<?opyzailUlle.

BaFha, y npBOM peny 6ajKe, pa3BHjao ce

nOCTerreHO, BeKOBHMa. IIHCMeHH nOAa
lUI 0 CTapoCTH OBHX rreC3Ma KO)J; Hac
penaTHBHO cy HOBHjer ~aTYMa; npeMa
OCHOBaHHM npeTrrOCTaBKaMa CMaTPa
ce ~a cy HK ClIOBeHH HMaJIH Ben y ape
Me nOCe.!baBaFha Ha baJIKaH. HajCTa
PHjH 3anHcaHH TeKCT je C Kpaja XV B.
Pol)epo Il;e IIa'lHeH~a, 1497, 3aTHM II.
XeKTopoBHh, 1556, YKa3yjy Ha BHCOK
CTeneH YMeTHH'IKOr pa3Boja, WTO je
nocneAHl\a BeKOBHOr pa3BHTKa. Haj
CTapHje 3anHcaHe neCMe Ha cpnCKO
xpBaTCKOM cy y T3B. 0YZ'OM cUiuxy
6yzapzuiUulfe. BpojHHje neCMe, T3B.
KpaFtei ciUuxa - oeceiUepa'lKe, noru'Iy
H3 3anHca C Kpaja XVII H no'!:. XVIII B.
B. HCUioplljcKa eiiCKa H.apoo1ta ilecMa;
byzapLUiUulfe; ly1tailKa ileCMa.
p.n,

EnCKO-JUIPCKE (JUIPCKO-En
CKE) nECME. YcnoBHH TepMHH 3a
nHpcKe npHnoBeAHe, HeHCTopHjcKe
neCMe y KojHMa npeoBnaljyje JlereH
ll;apHo, MHTonOUlKO,' nOpOAH'IHO. Y
npeAroBopy npBoj KlbH3H JIaj~IllKor
H3naFha 1824, BYK Kapal,lHh npHMehyje
Aa ce HeKe neCMe HaJIa3e Ha MeljH
jYHa'IKHje 1'1 )KeHcKHje, cTaBihajyhH
enCKO-JlHpCKe neCMe ynpaBo y o~y
KFhHry. EncKe npHnOBenHe neCMe
(encKe 6aJla,ne) CMeUlTa Ha nO'leTaK
Apyre KFhHre -(encKHX necaMa).
B. JlIfPcKa .1tapOOHa iiec.Ma; bQ/laoa.

H, M.-'&.

EPJlAHFEHCKH PYKOnHc. 360p

HHK cpncKoxpBarCKHX HapoAHHx neca
'Ma: 'oTKpHBeH Meljy pYKonHcHMa
YHHBep3HTeTcKe 6HonHoTeKe y Ep
iIaHre;Hy, y HeMa'IKoj, 1913. Be3 nOAa
. TaKa OnaKne nOTH'le H KaKO ce HamaD
y 6H6JlHOTe'IKoM q,oHnY, 6Ho je norpeIllHO CBpCTaH' Me9Y rnaro.!bCKe CllHce.
IIpoY'lfiO ra je H ca onUlHpHOM YBOIl;
HOM: CTYIlHjOM 06jaBHo HeMa'IKH ena
BHCTa repxap,n: re?eMaH, y H3naFhHMa
CpnCKe: lIKaAcMHje . HaJKa, '1925. eBH'
!herOBH 3aK.!bY'I~ AOHeTlJ cy :caMO Hli
OCHOBY nOCTojeher pYKpnHca HJIYCTpy-,
jyhlt 'IllHimIi:y tf,erOBe Hay''!:He . MeTO-.
.J~oJ!~rHje. 9i3aj je 360PHHK necaMa
I1HCaH T3Jl. nHnnOMaTCKOM hHPHJlHQOM
H )'KpameH 6oraTHM, 6apoKHHM HHH
UHjaJlHMU. KapaKTepHCTH'IHHM 3a ce

H,M.-p.

EPE (Xepet EpU.OBH, Jepl'u). CKpaheH'

Ha3HB, C HHjaHcoM nOAPyr.!bmioCTH, 3a
CTaHOBHHKe XepQerOBHHe, npBo Y)Ker
nojMa, a 3aTHM, . yeJlen MHrpal\Hja,
UlHper nonpY'lja' npeKo ceBepoHCTo
'IHe BocHe, ~eJl.oKynHor CTapor BJlaxa
(li3Me~y Y)KHI.\a, JIHMa H llJIaHHHe
POMaHHje) H jyroHCTo'Iiie'EocHe. Haj
THnH~HHj~ npeAcTaBl{H~ .cy CT~
H6~l:IH~ CTapor ~Jlax-a, CBH MaxOM
'nopeIOJoM H3' XepQerOBIDIe 1'1 IWHe,
rop~: Epa je jenaH oA Hajn03HaTHjHX
UlaJbHBHX nOBHT.!bHBal\a Hapoll;He
npHnoBeTKe, OKO Kora ce CTBapa ~K
Jlyc.HOCHJla~eTHH'IKHX,Ha~OHaJIHHX

83

BepH)' AYCTpHjy H BaBapCKY TIpBe non.

XVIII B. CBecKa je KanHrpaq,cKH
IIpeIIHc C HeKor CTapHjer 3aIIHca KOjH
lIlIje ca'lYBaH, a nOBe3aHa je Y Kop~e
oA o:q6a~eHlIX JIHCTOBa enapxHjcKor
KaneH~apa H3 jY:>I<He BaaapcKe 3a ro
~HH)' 1733. IlpoyqaBana1\ je oao Y3eo
3a ronHHY IIOCJ1e Koje CBaKaKO PYK0
IIHC HHje MOrao HaCTaTH. IlpeMa
HeKHM neCMaMa Koje ce TH'IY ayc
Tpo--TypCKor paTa npae non. XVIII a.,
HIIp. 0 nany fpa;l1HIlIKe H Beorpa;l1a,
YTBpnHO je na 360pHHK necaMa HHje
Morao HaCTaTH IIpe 1717. IlpeMa
TeMaMa H nOKanHTeTHMa KOjH ce
IIOMHlbY, oBajje 360pHHK CBaKaKO Hac
Tao Y j}')KIUlM KpajeBHMa OHnallilbe
AYCTpHje, Ha TepeHY BojHe rpaH~e,
Me~y HallIHM n.ynHMa, a neCMe je 3aIIH
CHBao Hen03HaTH ayC'.qmjcKH 0q,HI(Hp
HJlH IIHcap KOjH je 60paBHo Me~y
BojHH1\HMa rpaHH'!apHMa. Je3HK je
n06po n03HaBao, aJlH IIpeMa CBOM
MaTeplbeM je3HKY HHje HH Y CPII
CKOXPBaTCKOM ocehao pa3JlHKy H3Me
~y 3ByqHHX H 6<?3BY'lHHX rJlaCOBa (6-II,
n-T), Te ce TaKO H 3aKn.yqyje ;I1a je
Mopao 6HTH HJlH BaBapa1\ MH, IlITO je
3Ha1'Ho Malbe BepOBaTHO, TYP'lHH.
aBO nOCJ1e;l1lbe HHje Bep0i3aTHO, Beh no
canp:>I<ajy caMHX IIecaMa, jep HX HMa H
aHTHTypcKHX. PyKOIIHC Canp)I(H IIpeKO
220 ,necaMa; y BeJ1HKOj BehH!IH cy Ha
ponHe, anH HMa necaMa Ha npena3y on
YCMeHe Ka IIHcaHoj JlHpH1\H; T3B.
MeJlH'lKa JlHpHKa 3acrynn.eHa je HeKO
JlHKHM IIeCMaMa, HajBepoBaTlIlIje nOTe
KJIHM H3 ny'lKOr neBalba no npHMopjy,
Kao H rpa~aHCKHM neCMaMa C KajKa
BCKor nonp~a, BeMHOM, n.y6aBHHX.
! HajBehH 6poj '!HHe elICKe Hapo~He
neCMe Koje IIeBajy 0 Kpan.eBHhy
MapKY, BpaHKOBHhHMa, JaKIlIHhHMa;
ripeT~)KHO 0 YCKOl\HM3 H xajnYQHb-!'a:
3aTHM 0 KpajHIlIH~a H 0 .HajHoBH
j~ aycTpo-TypCKHM paTOBHMa. IlecMe
cy 'YrJla~HOM IlITOKaBCKe, ca nOHeKHM
eJleMeHTHMa. KajKaBCKHM H ;I1enOM
'!aKaBCKHM, anH H C npyrHM je3H'IKHM
IIpHlla;l1HOCTHMa, Hllp. MaKenOHCKHM H
6yrapcKHM. 3aHHMn.HBo je ytIope;l1HTH
HeKY on OBHX necaMa C neCMaMa Koje je

BeK KacHHje 3aIlHcao BYK KapaJ.IHh H

YO<IHTH CJIH'IHOCTH, aJIH H pa3JIHKe.
360PHHK HMa BCJIHKH HaY'lHH 3Ha'!aj,
jep oMoryhyje na ce Hallia yCMeHa
KlbH)KeaHOCT MO)Ke npoY'I3BaTH Y
CBOM pa3aojy O~ OKO jenHor aeKa, H
npaTHTH fbeHe <pa3e Kp03 KlbH::KeaHO
-HCTopHjcKa H TeOpHjcKa H3y'laaalba.
Iloce6Ha .ie BpenHOCT oaor 360pHHKa
IlITO npeTlCTaBJha nOHeKne MyCTpa
1\Hjy CBera IlITO je ::KHBeJlO y neBa'!KHM
penepTOapHMa rpaHH'IapCKHX BojHHKa
KOjH cy ce H3 pa3HHX Kpajeaa jY::KHO O~
CaBe H llYHaBa Ca6paJIH y BOjH)', aHTH
TypCKy CJ'JY::K6y je)l.He xpHllIhaHCKe
CHne Koja HeKOJIHKO BeKOBa BO;l1H
60p6y npOTHB TypaKa, yrnaBHoM Ha
HallieM 'J'epeHy H y3 Y'Iellihe HallIHX
n.Y;l1H. 3anHCHBa'l je HajBepoBaTHHje
6HO 3aHHTepeCOBaH 3a IIeCMe H lbHXO
BO neBHH,C, HaKO HeMaMO My3H'IKHX
6eJle::Kelba. Kao CTpaHau, OH je nOT
nyHo Bepo~oCTojaH 3a1IHCHaa'l KOjH
HaM je OCTaBHO jenaH 0)1. Haj3aHH
Mn.HBHjHX H HajcTapHjHx 360pHHKa
Hallie HapO~He noe3Hj~. Y 3anHCHMa
HeMa HHje;l1He neCMe 0 KocoaCIWM
60jy, anH ce nOMHlbY n03Ham jYHaQH
KOCOBCKor 1\HKJIyca Me~y enCKH
HCijnonYnapHHjHM. IlecMe 0 Kpan.e
BHhy MapKY ra He npHKa3YJY y npBeH
CTBeHO aH'fHTypCKOM CTaBY; TaKO.
neCMa 0 tlpafby MapKoBoM, n03HaTa y ,
BYKOBOM 6ene::KelbY Kao oneBalbe
MapKOBil HalIana Ha TYPCKY BOjRY
CMY, H3Y3eTHOM c~arOM H opY::KjeM
(panOM H BonOBHMa n06Hje Ha )l.PYMY
TypKe-jaHHllape), y EpnaHreHcKoM
PYKonHCY je oneBaHa caMO Kao je}l.Ha
On.MapKOBHX xajnytIKHX enH:mna (Ha
npeBapy y6Hja i\panHHa H :}I3HMa. MY
6Jlaro). Belm 6poj JlHpCKHX Hapo)l.HHX
IIeCaMa 3HaTHO je 6JlH::KH neCMaMa H3
BYKOBHX 3anaca, "IlITO H'eCYMfbHBO
nOTBp~yje cnopHje ,Mefbafbe JlHpC~e
. neCMe.
p,n:

EPO C ODor CBUJETA. rI03HaTa

llIan.HBa npHnOBeTKa,l 'IHja je rJlaBHa
nHlIHOCT Epa. IlpenCTaBn.ajyhH ce Kao
IIyTHHK ca OHor CBeTa, nyxOBHTOM IIon
84

BaJIOM Epa ;I106Hja HOBa1\ o~ JIaKO

BepHe TypKHlbe, :na OnHece fbeHOM

npeMHH)'noM MyjH, a CBOM OHOCTpa

HOM KOMIlIHjH, 3a nYBaH H Ka<py. Y

npyroM neJlY npHnOBeTKe, npepy

WHBIlIH ce Y BO)l.eHH'Iapa, On Typ'lHHa

KOjH je nOlliao y IIoTepy 3a fbHM n06H

ja KOlba, H waJhe ra )l.a TP'lH ;I1an.e, CBe

;I10K TYP'IHH, CIIopa3YMeBlHH ce C npa

BHM BO)l.eHH'lapeM, CXBam na je H CaM

npeBapeH,

IlpaBMHe CHMeTpH'IHe KOMn03HQHje C

npeJIOMOM y cpenHIlIHOM neJly,

npH'Ia ce 3aCHHBa H Ha KOMHQH HapaBH

.!!~j~ja

ce naKOBepHOCT IIOBehaBa MyjHHOM

HenaBHOM cMphy, TYP'IHH rocnO)l.ap
KOjH ce n.yTH Ha )KeHY, aJlH KOjH lbeH)'
rpelliKy H caM nOHaBJI.a). O;l1nHKyje ce'
H <pHHOM HrpOM xyMopa ancyp)l.a H
peanHCTH'lKHX )l.eTan.a (CJ1HKa Hepa
nHor Myje Ha OHOM cBery, KOjH 'IaCTH
)l.PYllITBO; H BO)l.eHH'lapa Ha OBOM, KOjH
6e)KH 0;11 Typ'lHHa, Bepyje na he ra oBaj
nocehH H3 '1HCTa MHpa, jep je TYP'lHH
roclIonap).
.
BeoMa nonyJlapHa, npH'Ia je npeHece
. Ha H Ha c1\eHY, onepoM JaKoBa fOTOB
1\a.

\,

<"

cxeMa H HPYI'HX CTpyK'rypa, aJIH H Haj

llHHaMH'IHHjHM 06JIHKOM YMeTHOCTH
HMIIpOBH3a1\HjoM.
H.M,-"S.

ECXATOJlOlliKO nPEllAlbE (rp'I.

eshatos=KpajlbH, IIocnenlbH). KpaTKo.
jenHoenH30Jtlf'1H0 Ka3HBalbe 0 now
n.enfbeM IlpeMeHY, cTpalliHoM cyny.
naKJ1y. CMaTp.a ce IIO)l.BPCTOM eTHOJIO
lllKHX IlpeTlalba. OCHOBHa My je TeHne
H1\Hja pn3jallilbaBafba. Je3rpOBHTa <pa
HCrrpH'IaH3 Haj'lellihe Kao JlH'!HH
nO::KHBn.aj, 3a)l.Hpe y eTH'IKO-peJIH
rn03He HopMe.
H.M,-"S.

ETIfOJlOlliKO nPEllAlLE.

Ilpe~a

lbe 0 IIOpeKJIY (rp'l. aition =y3pOK,

nopeKno) nojana y npHpo}l.H H )l.py
IlITBy, 'IOBeKOBHX oc06HHa 0 HaCTaHKY
CBeTa, HeoeCKHX Tena, 6Hn.aKa, ::KH
BOTHlba. Y HaY1\H 0 YCMeHoj KlbH
)KeBHOCTH Haj'IellIhH TepMHH je cICac
Ka. YKOJlHKO ce OnHOCH Ha 06jallI
lbaBafbe nora~aja nOCJle CMPTH, Y
miKny H pajy, HJIH rOBopH 0 IIOIlIn.e)l.
lbeM BpeMeHY - H'a3HBa ce ecxaiilo
JlOUlICUM (B.). ETHOJlOIliKO IIpenafbe je
H.M,-'B,
Hajtle.mhe jenHOenH30nH'IHO. Ca::KeTO,
yonWTeHO TYMatlelbe HaCTaHKa noja
1 Aath 1540; BYK, IIpll.ii.,. llillJ'bllBe npll'le 28.
Be, 6Hlia MH oc06HHe. QHn. lIify je na
TO TYMatIelbe 6y;I1e 3alIllMn.HBO, '13K
ECTETHKA- . IfCTOBETHOCTIf.
Y36ynn.HBO, )KHBOnHCHO, anu yaeK' C
TepMHH yBe~eH y HallIY HaYKY 0 Hapo
npeTeH3HjoM Ha HCTHHHTOCT.,lloKa3 3a
)l.HOj l<fbH::KeBHOCm npeKO CTpyKTy
BepO)l.OCTojHocT Ka3l<fBa!:ba je caMO,
. panHe no.eTHKe: IlojaM ce 3aClIlIBa Ha .' IIoCTojafbc nojaBe. Koplba'la je nOCTa
np01\ecy cn03Haje H npenaBaFba HH
na 0)1. nHneTa nOKnOr:In.eHor TalbHpOM,
Koje je HerocTofuy6HBH ;I1oMaliHH
<pppMal\Hje, Kao H Ha YMeTHOCTH yoncaKpHO Ofl CBor KyMa rOCTa (nOKa3 je
WTaBalba. C je;l1l:Ie CTpaHe 06YXBaTa
Te::KlbY YCMeoor YMeTHHKa pe'IH nil
caMO nOCTOjallie KOPlba'Ie1). Kan' je
nOHCTOBeTH IIojaBY KOjy CJlHKa ca Beh
1\ap llYKn.aH HllItlynao CB. JOBaH)' neo
II03HaTHM MO~eJlHMa, cxeM~Ma IIOCTO
: Meca cT<l6aHa y 60p6H 3a CYH1\e, 60r j~
jehHM y Tp.aJlHl\HjH; C ~pyre- CTpaHe.' OnpCAHO nl!-' JhY~HM.a He 6yne' Ta6aH
nonpa3YMeB!l MoryhH9~ cnywao1\a ~a . pa~aH - nOKa3' je oOnH;K "lOBe'Ijer
iIp*BaTH H ~nQ3ffil: n9j~BY, ynpaBo.
'Ta6aHa2"HT)I.. 3a.eTtlOJloinKo npe1(albe
'
je KapaKTep~TH~IHO BHllUt' o6jaIiIlbe-
nOMohy n03Ha:re CXeMe..'
ECTeTHKa' HCTOBeTHOCTH cnaja' 'IBP
ina, pa3nH l lHTe q:.a6yJle ceKY ce y
ere KJIHWee nojMoBa CIl pa3HOJlHKO
3aBpllIHoM neny y IIojaBH Koja nOCTojH,
IlITO 3aBHCH 0)1. pa3JIH'!HT~ acoQHja
IlIhy non lbHX nO;l1BeneHOr MaTepHja
. JIa; y HCTO BpeMe YCJ10BJI.eHa je OKal\Hja Ha !:by - 3BY'IHlIX, BH3yeJlHHX, HCMelbeHHM CHCTeMOM JIHKOna, CH::KejHHX "
TOPHjCKHX - WTO nOnOAH no npO)KH

85

Yn. BYK. )KUfl"'U

MaFba C JIOKaJIHHM, KyJIT}'PHQ-HCTOpH

jCKHM npeAafbHMa (nOCTaHaK KYKaBH
Qe, HUp}). II eTHOJIOWKO H ecxaTO
JIOWKO npenaFbe Mory npepaCTH y
npHnOBeTKe, pa3BHjafbeM cpa6yJIe H
Tan~ ce nOCTeneHO paCKHAa Be3a C
BepOBaFbeM.

II o6L1~uju

iK

HUpOOa CpUCKO'l.,

nnCraH.C rlucKnjHx Cl'IlapH. CTp. 211.

2 Ibid. C'rp. 211.
lhid. crp. 212-213,

H. M.-'II.

lI'

JKrAHEQ, BUBKO (1890-1976), npaB

HHK, eTHoMY3HKOJIOr H MeJIOrpaq,.
1JJIaH JA3Y. TIPBH Y XpBaTcKoj MeTQ
nOJIOWKH caBpeMeHo aHaJIH30BaO
CTpYKTYPY HaponHHX MeJIOnHja H nao
YllYTCTBa 3a JIeKCHKorpaqmpafbe ny
'IKe nonjeBKe. CaKYllJba'l H 3allHCH
Ba'l MeJIOAHja y3 TeKCTOBe. 3allHCH H3

MeljYMypja, 3aropja, KonpHBHHn;e,

KOn rpanHWfiaHCKHX XpBaTa, 3eJIHHe.
HCTpa}!(HBaO HCTapCKH CPOJIKJIOP H
rJIarOJbaWKO neBaFbe Ha OTOn;HMa.
B3}!(HHje 30HpKe: XpaaiIiCKe HapOOHe'

ileCMe HCTora THna Be3yjy ce H 3a j:\py

re jYHaKe, Hnp. 'Byplja CMenepeBn;a,

KpaJba on EYj:\HMa H CHoHFbaHHHa Ja9

Ka - 06jasJheHa je y j:\pyroj nOJI. XVIII

B. Kon A. Ka'IHha MHowHha, yPa3ro

BOpy yrOl(HOM HapOna CJlOBHHCKora.

P.ll.

JKEHH'[(IJA MAPKA KPAJbEBH

liA.

ajecMe KajKaacKe, 1950; MY3U'lKU P0./l

K./lOp 1,1962; BHWe TOMOBa xpBaTcKHx
ny'lKHX nonjeBaKa y H3):1afby JA3Y,
nO'IeB on 1962.
H. M,-'B.

JKEHH,[(IJA ,[(Y1DAHOBA. Hap0j:\Ha

I
t
~.

. ,,1',
"

f
,~,

86

EncKH pa3BHjeH yso):l MapKoBa

pa3rOBopa C MajKoM, 'leCT y neCMaMa, y

OBOj neCMH (BYK, II/55) WHpoKO 3ano

'lHFbe npHnOBenaFbeM 0 }!(eIDInOH jyna

Ka; nocne npocnnoe, no }!(eJbH Ta30H

He, CBaTOBCKH 'IaCIDIn;H cy npoopaHH

Meljy nop):IaHHM ):Ia ce He OH CJlaKOMH

JIH Ha ):Iesoj'IHHY JIenoT)'. }J;aJbH CH}!{ej

HH TOK neCMe onBaja ce 0):1 YCTaJbeHHX,

H YCMepaBa Ka HOBeJIHCTH'IKOM pac

nneTY. }J;~n OJ:\ MneTaKa H neBep cy

He<IaCHH y nocTynn;HMa npeMa MJIanH'H

.caMO FbeHa Mynpa AOMHWJbaTOCT yxa-.

3yje MapKY Ha HeBepCTBO Koje My je

cnpeMaHO, nOTBpljyjyhH TO. oopHjaH~M

opanOM CTapora n~na - KyMa; enCKH

paCnJIeT je y CaOJbH, KOjOM MapKO

npecyljyje H K3}!(FbaBa.

enCKa neCMa (Byx, II128) CTeMOM 0 jy

Ha'IKoj }!(eHHA6H ca npenpeKaMa; Haj

'1eWhH Ha'lHH OneBaFba }!(eHH):Ioe jYHa:'

~a cTapHjHx BpeMeaa. CpnCKH n;ap

CrjenaH, no KFbHfaMa HCnpOCH ):Ie

BOjxy POKCaH):Iy y JIaTHHCKOr KpaJba

MHXaHJla, a coonoy yroBapa Tonop

Be3Hp; no :lKeJbH TaCTa y csaTOBe He
P.ll.
BOAH ceCTpHhe BojHHosHhe, BYKaWH

Ha H TIeTpaWHHa. HajMJlaljH ceCTpHh, .

JKEIJH,[(IJA MHJIH1\A IJAPJAK

TAPA. HaponHa oaJIa):la (Byx, mn8)

MHJlOW, Hen03BaH ):IOJIa3H y csaTose, y

'IOoaHCKOM py.xy, Kao MJlaljaHo oyra
o TparH'lHoj, HeoCTBapeHoj }!(eHH):IOH

p'le, uapy Hen03Ha'l" OH he OHTH n;a

xpaopor, HaO'IHTor MJIaj:\O}!(eFbe C

pes 3aTO'lHHK, H3spwHhe BHTeWKe 3a

j:\esojKoM yrJIenHa pOj:\a H H3Y3eTHe

):IaTKe: nooenHhe Ha Mernany, npeCKQJIenOTe. JYHaK neCMe HHje HCTOPHj<;KH

. '1HTH TpH KOFba SHTe3a, C'l.'peJbaTH . n03HaTa nH<IHOCT; MeCTO paj:\Fbe' je

Kp03 npCTeH ja6yxy, a: Myllpowhy OJ:\
CMeIIITeHO Ha IIlHPQKOM npOCTOPY on
rOHeTHYTH KaKO nil n03Hff Koja,je on
MHJbellleSKe n;pKBe ):10 3aropja
TpH neBojKe. POKcaHj:\a, n;apesa HeseYKpaj MOp'a CHFba, csaTH ce xyne no
. 'EOCHH Ii Xepn;erosHHH; <;.aaTOBCKH
. CTa. Ha Kpajy nooeljyjt: Harnp'HpOAHOr
jynaKa, TporJIaBOr Ea:na'lKa BOjSO):ly ti ;IaCHHIJ;H. cy HCToPHjH H encKoj neCMH
OTKpBBa n;apy'Ji;a'My'je Heh~; ..... .
.' Uo3JtaTH, jYHiulH XNII BeKa: CTojaH.
JUHKOSHft, BYK MaHnymHh, Eajo TIHS- .'
ilecMa je SHCOKe ye.THH'IKe speAKo
CTH,' oc06m:0 je ycneo JIHx M:iuopIa
JbaHHH, H3 YCJ{O'lKOr Kpyra n03HaT ,jt: H
. OTaqj:\eBoja'lKH Bnn MapHQHh. 3apy'l~
BojHHosHlia, BajaH ca H3Y3eTHOM ne
CHH'IKOM CHarOM, llJIaCTH'lHO H ca yc
HHn;a JhenocaBa je H3peTHe nenOTe,
neJIOM QPTOM xyMopa. ilecMy je B. Ka
aJIH "polla ypOKJbHBa, Kao H FbeHHX
paJ,IHh 3a6ene:lKHO on T. nOAPyroBHha.
OC8M CTuPHjHX ceCTapa; Ha llYTY YMH

87

3a6eJIe::KHO 0)1, H>e BHIlle necaMa, Meljy

H>HMa H JIBe, a MO::K)1,a H BHllle 0 MapKY
KpaJheBHhy. llOOO::KHa, oceliajHa H
AYOOKO naTpHjapXaJIHa, nOce)1,yje C
je)1,He CTpaHe CPHHH CMHcao 38 XYMOP, C
APyre Te::KH lIlHpHHH enCKe CJIFIKe.

pe, a 3a H>OM TyryjyliFI yMFIpe FI MFIJIFIIi

EapjaKTap. Y neCMFI onliC AeBojaqKe
JIenOTe AaT je Y BHAY neCHFfqKFI pa3BFI
jeHe cpopMy.ne 0]1 JlBaHaeCTaK HCTaH'Ia
HFIX CTFIXOBa. TaKO )1,0 MFIJIFIlia )1,ocrte
Ba rJIac 0 )1,eBojl.\FI; npFI cyepeTY, Y
neCMFI ce H3HOCH H3Y3eTaH YTHcaK KOjFI
H>eHa JIenOTa oCTilBJha, Kao )1,a je 0)1,
3JIaTa CaJIHBeHa, OA epe6pa CKoBaHa,
0)1, c)'lma OTeTa. PaCKOIllaH onFIC CBa
TOBCKHX AapoBa BFI3Ye1lHHM CJIFIKaMa
60raTFI neCMY a OIlllC CBaTOBCKor nYTo
BaH>a 6HpaHFIM CTHXOBFIMa )1,OqapaBa
3ByKe. TpafFfqaH FICXOA, CMpT 3apY'I
HFIQe OA ypOKa, AaT je Y OKBFIpFIMa
3aKOHHTOCTFI YCMeHHX 6MaAa.
Y neCMFI ce HCTHqe JIenOTOM onFIC
AeBojaqKe caxpaHe y ropFI, TYrOBaH>e
'MJIaA0::KeH>e FICKaJaHO He::KHFIM 06pa
liaH>eM npFIpoAFI, H>erOB cyepeT C Maj
KOM H CMpT; HaqFIH KaKO ::KMFI CaMO
xpaHa MajKa FI CFIHa FI HecyljeHY CHaxy,
Koje y 60JIy TpIDKFI Y CYHQY IIlTO jYT
POM ce palja a C BeqepFI 3aJIa3FI.

H.M.-'ll.

IKPTBOBAlLE .r:.ETETA. MOTHB

Hajn03HaTHjH H3 6H6JIHjcKe 06paAe 0
ABpaMoBOj ::KPTBH. KOA Hac ce nojaB
Jhyje y JI13a SHAa: Kao CTHXOBaHa no
seCT, 6mlCKa OH6JIHjCKoj npH'Ili, CTaB
JheHa y enCKH OKBHP 0 AOJIaCKY KH>H
re y KOjoj ce HajaBJhyje Mcycos AOJIa
3aK Ha Be'lepy 3a KOjy Tpa::KH AOMahFI
Hosor Clma. Hcyc cnpe'laBa KaHFIoa
JIH3aM, nOlllTO ce YBepHO y n060::KHOCT
pOAHTeJhu:

J1cyc MIIJlII en III.dJeca ilume

KMilly IIlIIlIe MapKY iipeKo Mopa:
0 M(}j Map/co, Replll! cJlyzo Moja,
CiiPl!rlll .111'111/ zoL'ii()(kKY ee'1.epy
iilll /Ie KOJl,1I IIll jall/,e I/l! upace
ReRI' ('/II/a j()t)lI1lOz OlieeuHa.:. 1

p.n.
.IKEHCKE nECME. TepMFIH KojH je
BYK ynoTpe6Ho 3a JIFIpCKe HapoAHe ne
CMe JOIll y Ma.tIoj upoeiIiollapoo/boj
c.naaeIl0Cep6C1wj iljeCllapUl(U, 1814
(llecMe Jhy6aBHe H pa3JIFIqHe 1KeH
cKe).

Y ApyroM BHAY CaCBFI1d pa3JIH'lH:t,'e

cpa6yJIe OA 6HOJIHjcKe npHRoseTKe,
neCMe KopHCTe CTpyKTypy JIereH)1,ap~e
npwle 0 IlYTOBaH>Y Eora H CBeTaQa no
3eMJhFI H Ka::KH>aSaibY JhYACKHX rpt::XO
Ba. Ee3C1KoH>e Ha Koje HaFIJIa3e je OBAe
H. M.-l>.
paA Y He}leJhY ('BaKoH CTe<jJaH H )1,Ba
AHveJIa, ByK. II; Mo6a ljaKoHa CTe-.
.. }l{EHCKE flPHlIOBETKE, B. TaiIi1<:e
<l?aHa, ByK V; njeealluja, 6p. 98; EB,
1890. .5. CTp. 74 HAP.), KojHM ce Kp
)J{ETEJIA':IKE nECME: Bpcra no
lUFI tle'l'BpTa OO::Kja 3anOBeCT. HeMHnO
CJIeHFIqKFIX JIFIpCKFIX HapoWlHx necaMa.
cp)l,Ha KC13Ha. 3aXTe.B 3a ::KpTBOBaH>e
llpaCTapa, jaKa Be3a ca KYJITOM 60
COnCTBeHOr AeTeTa, H3BpilleHa je 3a
::KaHCTBa' fIJIO)l,HOCTH OCTaBFIJIa je Tpara
03)l.paBJheH>e 6JIFI:lI<;H>HX y3 npFICTaHaK
, y 06liqajFIMa npFIJIFIKol'f ::KeTBe KO)1, Be
pO)1,HTeJ1,8. llOlllKpOnJheHFI KPBJhy
IiHHe eBponcKHX Hapo)1,a; CBeTKOBlrne li
AOMaliHHoBor CHHa CJIenl.\FI FI HFIjeM- .
neCMe OAHOce ce Ha npBH CHon, TaKMli
QFI Koje ilOMahHH 'lyBa H npexpaH>yje
qeihe y pallY' H FI3ABajaH>e nOCJIeAH>HX
FI 36pr KojHX y iIene.rby H qHHH 'M06y,
. PYKOBeTH. Y Hil.lIlFIM ce neCMaMa'qeCTO.'
nPorJIeAah~ H npO'lyTH, a cBeiu:f lie
neBa '.0 MOOli FI,~aAX<H>eBaH>y ~OMKa FI
O)KH.BeTit" Ae'[e. IIpHMep xpHIlIhaH"CKor
):ieBojKeClI MHorO.npHMeca Jhy6aBmfx
necaMa Ii ca XYMOPFICTFfqKFIM lqlTaMa. ' . . , tlYAa 6FIhe 3jBeha HaI'P.aAa 3a JhYACKFI
, Y MaKeAOHCKFIM ::KeTBapCKHM neCMaMa
aJITPYFI38M, .a t<THtIKFI npFIHl\FIl1 y3a
npHCYTHFI cy FI COl.\FIjMHH MOMeHTH.
jaMlie JhYilCKe nOMolm npeBarnyhe HaA
r.n,
CPOPMMHHM BepcKFIM 3aXTeBFIMa.

v.,

I MX. I, or. 8; PanajHn Pa)le, CHD, II. erp.

1it~2; H. ScrOlmn. erp. 69.

lKIfBAHA, CJIEnA, neBaq BYKa

Kapal,IHlia. BYK je y 3eMYHY 1815.

88

.\

II .

.jl';..
.1

3ArOHETKA (rOHETAJIHllA).
HJIH oFIha nOCTaBJha ce npeMa oAto
TpaAHQHOHMHa rOBOpHD-MliCaOHa Hr
HeTJhajy y je)1,HoCTpaHFI O)1,HOC no
pa. CaCTojFI ce FI3 MeTacpopFfqHOr FIJIli
CJIHtIHOC'rFI. MaKo je OAHOC BHllleCTpaH,
HenOCpe)1,Hor, BHlIleCMliCJIeHOr nHTaH>a
oArOHeTJbaj Mopa yO'lHTH caMO Taj
Koje liMa caMO jeAaH OAroBOP npFI3HaT
jeAaH O)1,HOC. "llecTo ce 1I0JIa3H OA aHFI
y TpaAFIl.\FIjFI. MHTepHaQHOHaJIHOr je H
MHCTFI'IKOr norJIe)1,a Ha CBeT: L(OK ce
YCMeHor FI nFIcMeHor nopeKJIa.
MaTH pOilU, CUH no KyliFI XOAH (BaTpa
llOTH'le li3 HajcTapFIjFIx lipeMeHa.
H AHM). 3arOHeTKa npeACTaBJha HeKY
MHore TeMe H OOJIliI.\FI 3arOHeTaH>a
. BPCTY noraljallcBor HCIllITa 3HaH>a H
n03HaTFI y EBponH nOKa3yjy ce Beh y
OlllTpOyMHOCTH, a TO 3HaH>e je "IeCTO
CTapHM KyJITypaMa (CTapojeBpejcKe H
YCJIOBJheHO BPCTOM KyJIType FI nOApy
apanCKe nOCJIOBliQe y OFI6JIHjH, caH
tlja OAaKJ1e je nOTeKJIa 3arOHeTKa:
CKpTCKe y PrBeAH). 3aroHeTKe KOPH
360PH oe3 rpJIa, llyje 6e3 yBa, l'KlfBH
CTe rp'IKFI CTBapaOQH (XeCHO)1" Xo
6e3 AYllle (ryCJIe) - npeTnOCTaBJha
Mep, llJIaTOH, llHHAap). JIaTFIHcKa
noraljatHl U3 cpeAFIHe YCMeHor enCKor
30HpKa CHMCP03lijYCOBa C Kpaja V S.
CTBapaH>a.
y30p je FI aHTOJIOmjaMa XyMaHHCTa y
PetlH 3arOHeTKe peTKO ce ynoTpe
XVI B. 3aroHeTHa nHTaH>a Aeo cy Haj
. 6JhaBajy y 3Ha tleH>Y 06H"IHOr rOBopa CTapFIjHX pFITYMa <"PTBoBaH>a. OOFfqaj
HHCy je)1,H03Hat IHe, Te ce TaKO oTBapajy
3al'OHeTaH>a y oApeljeHo Aooa .roAHHe,
MoryliHocTH 3a MHorOCTpaHa TYMa"le
Kao FI y CBaAoeHoM 06peAY n03HaT je
H>a. MHOlllTBO oAroHeTJhaja .Koje npy
KOA Hac CBe AO XIX B. 3artmeTKe ce
::Ka 3arofteTKa Kora HajBHllle YAapajy
nojaBJhyjy y Hallloj Cpe)1,H>OBeKoBHoj
no rJIaBH, JIe::KFI y BHlIle3Ha"lHOCTH
KH>FI::KeBHOCTH Kao Ii y )1,e1lFIMa npFI
petlH rmlBa. OArOBOp - eKcep, FI<).KO'
MOPCKHX nHcaQa, MFI MaxOM FlHCY Ha
TpaAHI.\FIOHaJIaH, HFIje jeAFIHFI.
pOAHe. fIpBY 36FIPKY H3 YCMeRe 6a
BeJIFIKH opoj 3aroHeTKFI 3aCHlfBa ce Ha
IllTHJie 06jaBJhyje BYK 182t;'y)~o1-taTKY
XOMOHHMFIQH, H no ce6FI ce pa3yMe,
HoBHHa cep6cKliX (166 3aroHeTKH).
3aBHCFI Oil JIeKCH'IKor <jJ()H)l.a FI rOBOp
y. APyro FI3AaH>e Pje'tIlUl<:a YHOCFI ocaM
Hor nOApytlja, lIlTO ce O)1,HOCH FI Ha
AeceTaK, y pyKonFIcy OCTaBJha npeKo
3arOHeTKC Hrpe petlH,
~eT CTOTFIHa. CTOjaH HOBaKoBHh 1877.' . PeTKO CC 3arOHeTKa ruHpH y npHqy,
06jasJhyje ~6npKY OA ,caKytIJheHHX 3a
tlHHehFI caMoj ce6H KOMeHTap (Hnp. 0
rOHeTaKa H3 paHFIje oojaBJheHe rpalje
AeBojQH upOllleHHQFI).
no pa3HFIM 360pHFIQFIMa, HOBFIHaMa FI
HeKH aYTOpFI y' 3aroHeTKe y6pajajy FI
'laCOnHCFIMa,' nOA Ha3lfBOM' TaiIiallulle
patlYHCKC H naHTOMltM~Kt:: 3aAaTKe FI
:
,. 3HaTaH 6poj o6jaBJhyje 'ByK Bp<ieBnli
pe6yce:'

1885"

". i

'.

H,M.-n.

BeliHHa 3al'OHeTKFI 3acHHBa ce Ha

'iFIH>emNKOM ytIopeIjFIBaH>Y. ITpFIpOAa
CTBapH nOCMaTpima je caMO FI3 jeAHe;
yaeK FI3HeHaljyjylie nepcneKTFIBe H
OTKpFIBa ce nopeljeH>eM. )J(lfBoIlllcHa
CJIFIKa 3arOHeTHOr npe)l,MeTa, nojaBe

3A.r:.AP. rpan KOjFI ce 'y pea:JIHOM

3Ha tleH>y' 1l0jaBJhyje Haj'lelllhe y Be3H
ca YCKO'IISFIM jYHaQHMa. H3 PaBHHx
KOTapa: H .. CMFIJhaHHlieM, J. MHTpo
BHlieM, C. JaHKoBHheM. Y enCKHM nec

89

H IIje oaoo paCK()llaO ollazo,

MaMa ce jaBJba H HMeHOM HeoApel)eH

jYHaK, 38AapCKH 6aH (EpnaHreHCKH
PYKOIIHC, 63, BYK III/58), HJlH je 38A ap
MeCTO KaKBa TeIIIKa 60ja (MCTO, 86,
114), n03HaT no OPYlKjy (MCTO, 123);

NU Hul,lUKI! /I HU 6Y3()olluHe,
HII HU ca6.1he, HU HU 60jHa KOii.tba,
Hli ()ofiplljeM KOH..MU lUI paiU06e,
Ilel't je fiuno uoiii.pOlUlIO 6JUlzo
flU iUpu CIIU6HU cpiicKa HtLlll.lCiiiupa ...

Beh uYIVljy Ha 3aopy lIy6apoe...

(BYK.III22)

H no cepJl:apy MnHjH (MCTO, 160).

3a 3aAap ce y enCIGIM neCMaMa Be3yjy
GopGe YCKO'lIGIX H MYCJIliMaHCIGIX jy
HaKa H3 KpajHHe, MyCTaj-Gera, Tana
OA Opaw~a, rojeHor AJIHJla, EojH'lHh
AJIHje, Myje H XanHna H APyrnx, ca
YCKO'IKHM jyHa~a H3 PaBHHX KOTa
pa H3 XVII B. Y3 lbHX ce jaBJbajy H
celbCKH yCKO~ H3 XVI B. nOBe3aHH
enCKHM aHaxpoHH3MOM. JeAHa OA Haj
pa3BHjeHHjHX enCKHX necaMa 0 x<eHHA
6H YCKo'lKor jyHaKa H CYK06a ca Myc
JIHMaHCKHM jyHa~HMa. KOjH x<ene ):1a
):1{mojKY npeoTMY, Be3aHa je 3a oBaj
rpa):1: )KeHHA6a .OA 38Apa TOAopa
(BYK 111/24). 3aAap ce jaBJba H y
JIHpCKHM neCMaMa, yrnaBHoM YCTapH
JHM, Kao YOIIWTeH necHHttIGI JIOKanH
TeT y KOMe ce ABoje AparHX paCTajy H
Tyryjy (EpJIa~eHCIGI pYKonHc, 211).

Haj3a):1, Kao KOHKpeTHO 3HAalbe MaHa

CTMpa (Hnp. PaBaHHlJ;e, 3aAyx<GHHe
KHe3a JIa3apa), y noeTCKoM BpeMeHY
caAaWlbeM, Ha npeJIoMY CJIaBHe npo
WJIOCTH H Mp8'lHe GYAyhHOCTH, Ha
KOMe ce HaJIa3H H caM KHe3.
Y CBa TPH BH):1a l.J;eHTpaJIHO MeCTO 3ay
3HMa KaT8JIOr 38Ayx<GHHa, Malbe ynpa
BJbeH XPOHOJIOWKO-HCTOPHjCKoj Ta'l
HOCTH a BMwe CTHJICKO-HAejHoM jenHH
CTBY. JenHonH'lHOCT cnHCKa H36ernyTa
je H 3BYKOBHHM CKnanOM Bep6anHor
cnoja uecaMa. M3 Ta')HOr reorpa<pCKor
OKBHpa Y KojH he ce CMeCTHTH 38AY
x<6HHe, 6Hpajy ce HCTaH'IaHHM 'IYJIOM
OHe npHpoAHe, JIOKanHe OApe):1HHl.J;e
'mje he HMe y HrpH aCOHa~ H anH
Tepal.J;Hja Haj60Jbe oAroBapam H83H
BHMa HOBOHaCTanHX rpal)t:BHHa:

Ct;fioNme Ha IlPX Pa/tiKe lIaOHe

UpKflY JaH,y y ClTtapoMe Bltaxy

11 naflllUlIY u.eiim) Jat}OIlHUKa

ClTtyoeHlII1Y ueiim) BplleHuKa

FOMelbY HU FpUHtIIl1I CYflOj

MUllelUellY HU Xep11e206UHU.

P.ll.

3.A,JlY)KBuHE. 3HAalbe MaHaCTHpa

nPeACTaBJha jeAHY OA OMHJbeHHX TeMa
cpnCIGIX neBa'la. AyTeHTH'lHe. HCTO
PHjcKIf ttHlbeH~e noem3yjy ce, nOA
CTaKHYTe CMYTHHM BpeMeHoM poGo
Balba nOA Typ~a y KOMe OBe BeJIH
ttaHCTBeHe rpal)eBHHe npe):1CTaJlJbajy
HajH3pa3H'mjH OnHnJbHBCh-BH3y"eJIHH'
AOKa3 nOCTojalba CJI060AHe IIp0WJIQ
CTH, MohHe COlICTBeHe CpeJl:lbOBe
KOBHe Apx<aBe. Y BeK nOCpe):1HO HJll!
HenocpeAHO ile3aHO 3a HeMalbHhe,
OHO ce nojaBJbyje yrJIaBHOM y TpH
.BHAa: Kao UOTBpJl:a conCTB~H~ BpeA-'
HOCTH y c)'npOTCTaBJbalbY TYl)oj (MH
.1Iom y'1l1anlfQiMa); lCao. nox~ll!la yna-
r~lba y. /'IYXOBHO' .cPOKOjCTBO If. KY~'
TypHo-aTepHjaJIHO 6JIarO"CTalbe '(He
MalbHHO 3HAalbe IIyTeBa H. MOCTOBa,
BYK 11/23), HacynpOT YJIaralbY y paTHe
CYK06e:

CBaKH OA OBHX BHAOBa OAHOCH ce Ha

p83JlH'IHTe enoxe: Ha nO'leTaK, cpe
AHHy H Kpaj BnanaBHHe HeMalbHfia, Te
. My je pa3nH'IHTa He caMO KOMn03H
I.J;HOHa cxeMa, Beh H CHX<ejHH cKJlon. Y
UPBOM BHAY AOJIa3H nOH3p8X<aja Y jeA
HOM ~~TeWKOM, onwTexpHWhaHCKOM
CBeTY, H8AMeTalbe KyJI~YPHHM BpeA
HOCTHMa. TYPU;HMa HeMa HH.HajMalber
nOMeHa. 3aK.JhY'laK necaMa 0 HeMa
lbHHOM 3HAalby"3imyx<6HHa CMHpeHHje
6rraroc-!10B rocnoAe xp}lmhaHCKe, C
. nOrneJl:OM ~anpe]1;:
.
'npociUi> ()a eu, Hc.MaH,uhy Ca60/
n pociUa ,)Yllla ilillojux poouilieJbfJ...
llIilio HOCIIIIU - ellujeiUJlo ea.M 6U/1o!
llIw.o PU()1I11U CHe flUM c6eiIlllo 6U/1o!,

na 6H ce saBpWHO oneT HHTepBeHl.J;H

JOM neBaqa Kao nOTBPAOM 06HCTHlba
Balba 6narocnOBa, 110rnegoM YHa3aA:

3AnJEBAK, B. CiiiepeoiIiuUau UO'le

ilimc.

,.miUo zoo peKIIU, KOO 60ia ee eiUeKllo!,

ZARIKA IN SONCICA. CJlOBeHa"lKa

HCTopHjcKa 6anana H3 n03HaTor Kpyra
o Tparn'IHOM cycpeTY Hen03HaTHX pO'"
ljaKa, pa3ABojeHHx HecpefiHHM, THIlH
'IHHM HCTopnjcKHM - OKOJIHOCTHMa.
COHq~y, ceCTpy O):1BeneHY y TypCKO
poncTBO, oTKyn.Jhyje Kao p06IDby ~eH
3eT, wnaHCKH Kpa.Jh. Jhy60MopHa Kpa
lbHu;a, cecTpa 3apHKa je TPyje 3MHj
CKHM OTPOBOM, aJIH Ha caMpTH COH
'IHl.J;a joj ce OTKpHBa.

H YMeCHOM ynOTpe60M'H rpaMam'lKOr

H noeTCKor BpeMeHa npownor nOKa3a
no ce Kao peTPocneKTHBa. llecMe 0
3HgalbY PaBaHHlJ;e 3aBpwasajy ce noc
TaHKOM rpal)eBHHe, HecnoKojCTBoM,
6pHroM, HnH npeJl:cKa3albeM. MaHa
CTHp je no caseTY MHJIOmeBOM carpa
l)eH 0]1; Gena KaMeHa:

11 TYP1iU he lVlpciU60 iipeyaeiUu

U IUIlUe he aaoy:m::6uHe elly:m::uiU'

oOBujeKa 00 eyoa 60:m::je'la,

00 Ka.MeHa HUKOM HU KaMeHa.

H.M.-'S.

3A1.JMHKA. TepMHH 3a necMY no

yrJIeAY Ha HapoAHy H Y O):1HOCY Ha
Ha'lHH KBKO ce YCMeHa neCMa H3BOnH H
Ha npHJIHKy y KOjOj ce H3BOnH (Ha3HB
cnOMHlbe, Hnp. Apendini, Notizie

Han cpeAlboBeKoBHY Cp6Hjy ce HaA

HOCH onaCHOCT nOW.JheAlber BpeMe
Ha. MaHaCTHp nocTaje BpCTa oA6paM
GeHor KaMeHor GeAeMa, anH CBOjOM
HeYHHwTHBowhy H CHM60JI HeOCBO
jHBOCTH H MopanHor IIpKoca.

istorico-critiche sulle antichita, storia

e letteratura de Ragusei I-II, ;o;y6
poBHHK 1802. H 1803; Mox<e ce HahH y
AeJIHMa npHMopcKHX IIHcau;a).

H.M.-t..

H,M,-'B.

3AKJIETBA, 'M3pa3 KOjHM ce yT

Bpl)yje JIH'IHH CTaB HJlH OAHOC npeMa
HeKOM GHhy, nojaBH HJlH CTBapH n03H
BalbeM Ha BHWY CHJlY, ttaCT HJIH OHO
. mro je '/iajCBeTHje H HajAP8X<e. M3PH
'Ie ce Haj'lemhe y npBOM nHIJ;Y, C jaKHM
C'Fenc!HOM eMO~OHanHe o60jeHOCTH.
C8X<eTOr cy 06nHKa H 06H'1HO CTepeo
THnHor nottena:

3A1.JHIbABUM, IIp'o<pecnoHanHH,
HapoAcKH neBa'1H YCMeHHx necaMa
CTBapanH Ha OCHOBY llHcaHe
Koje
nHTepaType. TepMJf.H ce cpehe Y):1pyr9j
non. XV B. (MapKo MapynHfi y llpeA
roBOpy .Iyi)uiliu: XHCToPHjy Tyj CBe
AOX y aepCHX, no 06H'Iajy HaWHX
S(l'lHlbaBUl.J;, a' jo,whe.. ~o 3aKoHY OJ;IHX
CTapHX noer.. ). CMaTjJa ce Aa nOTH'le
on rnarona 3a'I ufbailiu, Tj. nO'IeTH
neBam, HHTOfmpam, npBH neBaTH y
xopy: KOA 'rYHAYJIHha ce cpehe Y
HCTOM 3Ha'IelbY y VIII neBalbY (nBa
3a'lHH.y; Y CBe I'JIace CKJl8AHO OCTanH
OT~HjeBsjy). llojaB.Jhje ce H Y CTH
XOBHMa CSMHX HSPOAHHX necaMa:

cY

TaKo MU Kpemi eBeha He yzaella!

TaKo Me ae.M.tba eYHliY He oiUella!

TaKo 6palia He U30a/IQ!

AKO caM, 00 MfHe ociUlJ iUpaz

EpaHK08ulia!

lla60zoa w: OO'leKalla 3e11eHe ~eil/ie!

Y y6JI8X<eHOM oGm~y JIaKO ce yrpa

l)yje y r-oBOp Kao CHHTarMa (Eora MH,
3aXn8AHeno je).

..

r)jeflojKe pec)!)M fiouje8ajy

U 3U'IlIH,e lPailiuMlI r1jelJ(;jKa.

. Cfll:

H.M.-t..

..

3a'lHlbS~UH ce nOMIDbY no. npm.lOp

CKHM rp8AoBHMa J(ao -neBa'lH 'Kojn cy
npeneBsnH y CTHXOBe c'BeTa'lKe JIereH
Ae H anoKpH<pHa Ka3HBalba.

. 3AIDICM, B. nOMeH.U.U 3aiiucu.

H.M-'B. '

91

90

,.-.

3IiOPHHK 3A HAPOllHH :IIm

BOT H OIiH'IAJE JY)J{IDIX CJIA
BEHA. l.JacollHc KOjH je 1895. nOKpe
HyO OA6op 3a ca6Hpalbe CnOMeHHKa
TpaAHQHOHaITHe nHTepaType Y QHlliY
oGjaBJ:bHBalba onHca :lKHBOTa, oGH'Iaja
H. BjepoBafba HapoAa xpBaTcKora H
cpncKora. lliAaje ra JA3Y. TIopeA
3Ha"lajHe H MHoroCTpaHe rpal)e, OGH
nyje CPOJIKnOPHCTH'IKHM H eTHorpacp
CKHM cTYAHjaMa TeopHjcKor, HCTOPHj
CKor H KOMnapaTHBHor 3Ha'laja.

HorpacpCKor My3eja y EeorpaAY. Cry

3HJl.AILE CKAAPA. Haj60Jba neCMa

nHpao npasa H eTHonomjy. 06jaBHo

H3 rpyne necaMa 0 Y3HI)HBafbY }KHBOr

OKO ABeCTa paAoBa H3 06naCTH Hap0j:\

6Hha y TeMeJhe HeKe rpaj:\lbe. TIeBa'l je

Hor CTsapanamTBa. KfbHra EJleMeHiiiu

CTapau; PamKo (BYK, II125). MHOrH

3BE'IAH. CTapH cpenfboBeKoBHH

rpaA HaA H6poNl'!'"'j'TBpl)efbe on H3y
3eTHor CTpaTerHjcKor 3Ha'laja y cpn
cKoj AP)J(<1B:H 0):1 XI-XIV B-. Y lbeMY je
yMpo CTecpaH Ae'IaHcKH 1331. TIao y
rypCKe pYKe 1399. Y KOCOBCKHM ne
CMaMa n03HaT JIOKaJIHTeT.

Hame MuiiioJloiuje y HapooHUM o6pe

npeACTaBHHU;H CTapHje KOMUapaTHBHe

oUMa ya uipy, 1971, npeJ(CTaBJha KOM

lllKOJle, pa3MaTPajyhH IDBOpe TeMe 0

napaTHBHY CTYAHjy H3 oGJIaCTH Harne

penHmje npeTXpHmfiaHCKe enoxe, aJIH

H aHaJIHTH'IKH nperneA TeKCTOBa

oopej:\HHX necaMa y3 Hrpy (Konej:\a,

3APABHUA. HCKa3HBafba j:\06PHX

JIa3apHLl.e, KpalliHQe, j:\OAone, HBaH

}Kellia 0 CBeTKOSHHaMa 3a CTonOM j:\0

j:\afbCKa Hrpafba). Y KfbH3H Muiiic1<:a

MaMHY HJIH rOCTHMa; YBeK y BHj:\y PHT

6uha CPUC1<:UX UpeOGlba, 1981, aHaITH
MH'IKor rosopa y CTHXY HJIH np03H, C
30BaHa cy MHTCKa GHha cpncKe TpaAH
HamameHHM pHMoBafbeM. 06H'IHO
Ll.Hje,
a y KfbH3H KYJliii Mpiiieux 1<:00

HMa cej:\8M 3j:\paBHLl.a, Koje npaTe npH

Cp6a, 1982, j:\aT je npHJIOr HapoAHoM
neBH"
CTBapaJIamTBY nOBOAoM CMpTH.
p.n.
EaBH ce H TeopHjCKHM llHTafbHMa MH
3EJIEHH JYPAJ, B. 'Byp!JeeC1<:e ueTOJIOrHje H cponKnOpHCTHKe. EHO je
capaj:\HHK, '1JIaH peAaKQHje H ypeAmIK
CMe.
MHomx CTpaHHX ny6JIHKaQHja H eHQH
KnOnej:\Hja.
H.M.-D.

p.n.

3IiOPHHK MHJIAllHHOBAUA.
TIPBH BeJIHKH 300PHHK MaKeAOHCKHX
HapoAHHX neCaMa KOjH cy 1861. H3AaITH
Iipafia MHnaAHHoBQH Y 3arpe6y, nOA
nOKpOBHTelliCTBOM J. illTPocMajepa.
3GOpHHK CaAp:lKH 674 neCMe, onHce
cBaAGeHHx oGH"Iaja, KaneHAapcKHx
H. M.-D.
oGpeAa (CTpyra, KYKym), 3anHce
3EPEHCEH, ACMYC ABTOBD (Soere
BepoBafba H npeAalba, nOCJIOBHQe H
nsen, 1854-1912), npocpecop HCTo'iHO
3HAAILE P ABAHIIUE. EncKa ne
3aroHeTKe (raTamm), Kao H cnHcaK
eBponcKHx je3HKa, KlbIDKeBHOCTH H
CMa (BYK, II/34, 35) 0 nOAH3afbY 3aj:\y"
HCTOpHje; noce6Ho ce GaBHo cnaBH
HaPOAHHX HMeHa. BenHKH 6poj npeT
}K6HHe KHe3a JIasapa; '1~ He~ BpCry
CTH'IKHM CTYj:\HjaMa, Y'leliH Y Ee.ry KOj:\
nnaTHHKa, '1HjH ce CllHcaK Hana3H Ha
enCKor nponora neCMaMa 0 KOCOBCKOM
B. Jamhu. Bpno cy 3Ha'lajHe fberoBe
Kpajy KlbHre, H3)J;yGpoBHHKa H KOTO
60jy. Y fbOj je jeAaH OJ:\ HajnenmHX
CTYj:\Hje 0 cpncKoxpsaTcKoj jYHa'iKoj
pa, HCTpe, MapH6opa, Jby6lliaH~
enCKHX KaTaJIQra cpej:\l:'!>oBeKOBHHX
,ellHQH H 0 pa3Bqjy AeCeTepa'lKHX en
3arpe6a, Eeorp8Aa, Ee'la, TIpara, Ey
MaHaCTHpa. Y onmHpHoj BapHjaHTH y3
CKHX
necaMa
ca
YCKO'IKOM
TeMaTHKOM:
AHMa H TIapH3a yKa3yje Ha 3Ha'laj KOjH
KaTaJlOr 3aAY:lK6HHe Hana3H ce H
Beitrag zur Geschichte' der Entwic
je np~aBaH nojaBH OBor 360pHHKa.
pa3BHjeH KaTanor KHe}KeBHX BeJlH
.
k/ulig
de,.
serbiscl!en
He/dendichtung
TIecMe cy 6ene:lKeHe HenocpeAHO oA
Kama, KOCOBCKHX p~~HH!,.a. Apym Aeo.
(Archiv fiir slavische Philogie,
neBa'la H K83HBa'la, BefiHHOM :lKeHa H
OBe neCMe ce. 3aCHHBa Hll HHTepHa
XIV-XVII),
Elltsrehung
der
kurzeili
AeBojaKa. TIpeoBnal)yjy nHpCKe neCMe,
$IoHaJIHoj TeMH 0 rpaAHTeJhY, Paj:\y
gen serbokroatischen Leiderdichtung
. M8Aa HMa H enCKHX. 3Ha'lajHH caKy
HellMap, ,IDJlo?KeHOM naTlf,H H HCKY
im Kiisten/and, EepJIHH 1895.
nllia'lH cy E. l.JonaKoB H P: lKHH3HCPOB.
mefbHMa OA CTpaHe HaA30pHHKa rpaj:\
p.n.
TIecMe cy nOAeJheHe Ha. 14 BpCT8:
fbe, JyroBHha, Koje Qap JIa3ap, Kaj:\
CaMOBHJICKH, APym CTapH (y CTBapH .
A03Ha HCTHHY, xofie Aa Ka3HH CTj:>a
3ET HHKOJIA, jej:\aH OJ:\ HajCTapHjHx
mHOM cMpfiy, aITH HX MHJIoni cnacaBa:
MHTOJIoinKe), QPKOBHH, jYHa'lKH, OB
n03HaTHX neBa'Ia enCKHX Hap0j:\HHx
Y 3aBpmHH ),leo neCMe YHeTO je H jej:\Ho
"IapCKH, ajAYQKH, :lKaJhOBHH, CMemHH,
nec8Ma, 'xsapCKH pH6ap OJ:\ Kora je TI.
eTHOJlOmKO npeAafbe 0 reorpacpCKOM
. . Jp y60BHH,. CI:I8A6eHH, JIa3apcKit., }KeT
XeKTopbBHh 1555. 3a6ene~o 6yrap
nOKWIHTeTY y OKOlIHHH MaH&CrHpa..y,
BapcKH, Ha BOAm(H, Ha 'Bypl)eB Aa'H H
mTHIiy 0 Paj:\ocaBY CHsepHHQY H
OO$! ~apHjaHTeHJIom 06HJIHh, npej:\
AeTCKH .(HrpH). Y CBOM weArOBopy
. BnaTKY Yj\HHCKOM, Kao H '1eTl:fPH nHp
B~l)ajyliH nOWllieAfhe 'BpHjeMe (B.),
1860, IS:. MHJI~HHOB HCTH"Ie. Te)1lKOhe
'CKe necMe. Koje je neBao. 3ajeJiHo C
AOJIa3aK TypaKa, H nponaer APx{aBe.
KnaCHcpHKaQHje H yga3yje Ha nOCT0
.
TIacKojeM ,IJ;e6eJhqM.
y'rH'Ie Ha KHe3a j:\a rpaAH .3aj:\yx!5HHY,
jaihe BapHjaHaTa. ,IJ;pyro, HeH3MelbeHo
p.n.
He OA cpe6pa, 3naTa, CBHJIe H Aparor
H3Aalbe 360pHHKa H3amno je y
KaMefba, Beh on KaMeHa, j:\a OCTaHe
CKOlllliY 1961, C npeAroBoPOM ,IJ;. MH3E'IEBIm, CJloooJ(au (1918-1983),
'TpajHa, jep >>OJ:\ KaMeHa HHKOM HH
TPeBa.
eTHonor H cpommopHCT, Hay"IHH caBe
KaMeHa.
THHK H BHmerOj:\HmlbH j:\HpeKTop ET
H.M,-'!>.
]).n.

92

Y3Hj:\aHoj PY'IKOHomH H fbeHOM mHpe

fbY, cMaTpajy BYKOBY neCMY H3BOPOM

CBHX 68J1K8HCKHX BapHjaHTH (Syrku,

Schladebach, Machal, Sainean). MOTH

BHMa BeOMa 60raTa, YMeTHH'lKH ycne

JIa, OBa nCCMa je llO BpCTH enCKa, Hacy

llpOT OCT!lJlHM 6aJIKaHCKHM BapHjaHTa
Ma Koje cy oanaj:\e.

TIecMa A!lje JIHKOBHMa l103HaTa enCKa

HMeHa; Yrlliemy, BYKamHHa H rojKa
MplbaB'leBHha . Be3yje 3a CKaj:\ap; YK
nalla nHK Kpallia BYKamHHa y n03HaTy
ellCKY KOHQeIIl\Hjy HeBepHHKa KOjH
npBH llora3H pe'l H OTKpHBa CBOjOj
lliy6H llOpyKy BHne Aa he y TeMellie
CKaApa, Aa 6H ce rpal)eBHHa oj:\p}KaJla,
6HTH y3HAaHa PY'IKOHoma Koja cYTPa
j:\aH j:\ol)e. KPHBHLJ.Y BYKamHHoBY noja
'IaBa j:\BOCTPYKO Kpmelbe npaBHJIa
nOHamalba - Ha lberoBoj }KeHH je peA.
Ha fbeMY je 'lYBafbe TajHe. HacynpoT
BYKamHHoBoM, encKH neBa'l Y3AIDKe
AOCTojaHCTBeHO enCKO llOHamalbe roj
KOBOr nHKa: M!laj:\H rojKo Bjepy He
llora3H H OH CBOjoj Jby6H He j:\OKa3a.
FheroB 'IaCHH llocrynaK YTonHKO je
j:\OCTojHHjH nomTOBafba, IIJTO ra 3a
}KeHY H AeTe Be3yje j:\y60Ka Jhy6aB,
Ko,iY neB<l'I HCKa3yje cjajHo Hal)eHoM,
3a HeBeCT}' Hepa3YMJhHBOM aITeropH
JOM, 3a !",ojKa YTOJlHKO 60nHHjoM; mTO
Y3anYj:\ nOKymaB8 j:\a IbOMe caonmTH
HeH36e}KHY CYj:\OHHY BOllieHoj }Keml.
qaCT Kao ropKa 1I06ej:\a Haj:\ Jhy6aBlliY
HajBHlim je enCKH j:\OMeT OBe neCMe.

.,

3J1tJ je, Moju 811jeplllllle Jby60J

I1MUO cU""" ()() 3JlUiiill ju6YKY,
iiu Mil ()WUIC iiuI)e y 50jUHyJ
.
'. TIJ je .1I(UJlIIM, 17pl!'iopeiii'He MOlY.!'.
Hetil!!ili t'e iiiUHUHU 1II!8jeciiia1 '
.
Ho fiecjel)lI C60Me zociiooizpy:
M()JlII 50zu UtU 3U c80je 30pa8.!be"
U cuJll/hell/1I UO.fl>Y ju6YKY.

y AaJheM pa3Bojy cH}Kea, y MaHHpy 6a

JlaAe, y cpej:\Hmry 36HBalba ocTaje Y3H

93

II

- - - - ' - - - - - - - -_ _ _ _ _ _ _~~~-~-,.....J

~HBalbe

MJIa.tle :lKeHe C TaHaHOM nCH

XOJIOlliKOM aH3nH30M fbeHOr Kap3K
Tepa, lbeHHM HeBHHHM OCMeXOM H CH
ryPHOIDhy BOlbeHe :lKeHe, BepOBalbeM
~a je no :pe.tlH caMO Hrpa, CBe 1l0K je
TpH CTOTHHe MajCTopa He 3a3HIla
IlOOPO n;o nojaca. KOHa'lHOCT H3Bp
Ulelba nOTBpljyje ce H BIByeJIHO npe
n;albeM 0 Maj'lIlHoM MJleKY Koje Tetle
HH3 3H,llHHe rpana H Koje napyje noiH
lbaMa MJle'lHOCT.
H.M.-b.

I~

Ii

II
\i

npeOOJI8 tIH. tIHHH jYHaqKe nOIlBHfe.

anH Jby6aBH He OAOJIH (KYHHHa
3JlaTHja. ByK IIII28).

~apeM). 3aMHUllba ce H Kao opao,

1 YR. C. TpnjaHmmh. CE3 XVII, CTp. 152-154.

161; T. BOp~CI!HI!. CE3 LXXXI, CTp. 99; C.
? 3C'ICIlHh. MuiiiCK(/ fillha cpiicKUX iipeoaH>a.
- SB IX. erp. 184: CE3 IX. CTp. 295-296, LVI,

neTao, MeTeopHT (KaA neTH Hohy

npeKO Heoa OCOOHTO MY pen cHja H
BapHHn:e oJ:tcKaqy). )KlmH qeCTO y
B. lleA/lja oe6ojKO.
P.ll.
mynlbeM n;pBeTY Kpaj myMCKHX BOn;a,
MH Y BOn;H caMoj. Eopu ce ca anaMa
Koje BOn;e rpan;OHOCHe oonaKe, HMa
3J1ATHJA CTAPUA 1'aEHBAHA.
EnCKa HaponHa neCMa cpen;lbHX Bpe
~aja Ha K:HllIY H Ha cymy. On;p:>KaBa
MeHa (BYK II1/40), ca IIHTepHaLUfO
lbyoaBHe Be3e C JlenHM H MJla.tlHM
HUJlHOM. HOBeJlHCTH tlK0M TeMOM 0 ne
:lKeHaMa.
Boj~lI-pa'J'HHKY. Y MYUlKOM On;eJly Jle
[OTOBO CBe OBe <pYHlCQHje 3Maja, noce
Ila KhH MeCTO o~a Bojyje, He O'I'KpHBUlH
OHO nOCJlen;lba, nO)lJIora cy YMeTHH
ce HHKOM .tIOMHllllbaTO ycne .tIa npe
'1KOM OOJIHKOBaH:.Y y CBHM BpCTaMa
BapH II Be3HpOBa CHHa KOjH HaCJlyhyje
Hapon;He npo3e H noe3Hje.
3HMA, Jlyxa (183(}-1906), CJIaBHCT,
H>eHY TajHY

Y n;eMOHOJIOUlKHM npen;albHMa (B.).

KJlaCII'IHII qnmOJIor, npoq,ecop rHM
R p'eAujo oeBojKO.

H>eroBoj JIHqHOCTH H oojamlbelbY

Ha3Hje II KacHJllje BeJlJIIKe UlKOJIe y
P.ll.
H>eHHX aTpH6YTa nO.t1Pe~eHH cy CBH
Beorpa.tly...TIpoyqaBaO je HaUlY Hapo.tl
OCTanH .tIOral)ajH.t MHoro6pojHa npe
BY noe3Hjy: MeillpUKa CpUCKUX Hapoo
3J1ATHA CBHPAJIA. TIecMa 6p. 77
nux ueCaMa yuope!>eHa C upUMepUJlUl
.tIaH>a 0 3Majy JhyoaBHHK}' 3aBpmaBajy
H3 nje6G1111je CHMe MMYTHHOSHha
ua opyfux CAOBeHCKUX HapooHUX
ce MaXOM TparHtlHO no :>KeHy.2 Y
(lly6po lIOjKOBHh, njeBaHuja IfPHO enCKHM neCMaMa H:.erOBa <PYHK~Hja
ueCaMa (1874), HalWill HaUle MeillpUKe
20pCKa II Xepl(e206a'lKa, llajn~Hr
HapooHe o6aupo.M. Ha cillUXOBe opyfux
ollJlol)eH>a .tIOoHja xepojcKo-reHeano
1837). cMaTpaHa I\yro BpeMeHa Y cpn
Hapooa a oco6uillo CAoBeHa (1879),
UlKH 3Haqaj. MHOrHM enCKHM jYHaQH
CKOj HayLUf aYTeHTHtlHOM HapOn;HOM
<Pufype y HaUle.M. HapOOHO.M. eUCKO.M.
Ma O'leBU cy 3MajeBH (HlIp. CTe<paBY
neCMOM 0 oeKCTBY CB. CaBe y KaJIY
ujeaaH>Y C H>UX060.M. illeopujo.M. (1880),
llroapeBHhy).3
l)epe. KacHHje je YTBpl)eHo .tIa npen;
11 oueillo .M.eillpUl(U HapooHujex uje
Y J1HPCKOj neCMH, 3Maj je '1eCTO noro
CTaBlba KOHTaMHHa~Hjy BHUle HHTep
CaMa (1888).
l)eH lby6aBHoM '1e:lKlbOM (B. CuaC06CKe
H8~HOHaJIHHX MOTHBa ca 3aKJhY'!HHM
p.n.
.ueC.M.e), .tIOK ra Y enCKHM If: JiHpCKHM
CTHXOBHMa 0 CB. CaBH, s'eposaTHO
Oana.tlaMa (B. Puca pu6a) MY'!H 60miH
MHJIYTHHOBHhCBHM. BapHjaHTe J}eca
3J1ATAHOBIfD, MOMQOJIO (po~eH
MH CMpTOHOCHH 1I0KYUlaj npeJiaCKa Y
Ma 0 HCTOj TeMH (TIeTPaHOBHh 1867.
1934), 'npo<pecop BHUle lliKOJle y
lbyn;CKH OOJIHK, 1I0.tlCTaKH)'T lbyOaBlby
11/10; npeneB neCMe Ha Hapo)lHy M.
BpalbY. BaBH ce Tf<PeHcKHM palloM II
npeMa :lKeJeHoj HeBeCTH.
MHJlOCanlbesM~a H3 Cpoujan;e 1861. y
HCTpa:lKHBalbeM CaBpeMeHOr neBalba.
36HP~H
M.
CTaHHha
O.tl
1869.
H
pyKO
OojaBHo BHUle 36HPKH Hapo.t\HHX JIHp
Huje 060 3Muja Kp'aoeUl{Q,
IIHC' H3 Cp~.tICKe 1900), 6JlH:lKe cy 011
CKHX necaMa H3 BpalbCKor Kpaja H jyro
HO ie 060 OifbaHuiilu 3Majy,

IUTHM
MeCTHMa
H3
6Horpaq,Hja
0
H36e
IICTO'IHe CpoHje, on; 1%7-1974 (11fAU
raBalbY rpeUlHHx lbY.tlCKHX :lKeJha, JIe
;,e 6eH'Ie. Hao 600y '(Beilla, HUUlHa ce
H "MeHU je HOMe i060pUO
reH.tI~ 0 AJIeKcHjy. (0)KjeM '!OBeKY,' H
00. he eyiilpa Jleheiil ii.oo 06J1aKe
a6eaoa., CillojaHKe 6eAa BpaH>aHlCe,
Ucilioplljl! JOBaHa PajHlia, a pe3yJiTaT
KpaJbU'IKe uec.M.e II np.), BpaH>clCe Ae
cy KacHHjer neBalba.
YKpaiJe My KpUJIa u QKPU.lbe,

felloe, upeoaH>a U upu'Ie,. I-II, 1969,

H.M.-b.
u YKpaoe 00 3Muje KOW.y./by.

1974. TIpoY'lasa nec~e H3 HOB~a,

C6e y ",U6U oiafb 3aii.peiilaJIQ,

HCTpa:lKyje TOnOHHMJlljy BpalbcKor no..

1Ul oiaH> je eUHa uaiope.Jlll.

3J101'aEBH1'a, BYK, B. p'oj'le6uli, ByIC.

n;py'lja (TIPRn03H npoyqaBalbY je3H

c"1'p.

113. H Jlan,c.

3 Yn. IIcCMY lJ.aplllta MHmula ,II 3Maj 0]( Ja

c-rpCllltH HOJ BYKonc 3()HpKe, C lIeCMOM KO)l

nCTpaHnUllha. III Gp. 24. BH)leTH 6yraplllTI!I:\e
n pObCH,y II CMp1"H 3Maja Orl'heHOr BYKa, H
"a31111 3Maj nit Hnhaja. Kao llojaM HajBHwe
'.H'ryJlC :.!a CmjaHH 4YRHha.
3 Yn. MX L fip. 32. 33. 34.IITII.

3MAJ O[IbEHH BYK, B. BpaHKO

BLlhu.

3MAJ O.ll.JACTPEDQA. 3Maj lby

OaSHHK, tryn;ecHH HanaCHHK ~apH~e
MHJIH~e, KOjH HMa MHT0J10UlKo-enCKY
<PYHK~Hjy y CTBapalbY npen;alba 0 HaT
npHpO.tlHOM nopeKJly n;ecnOTa CTe<pa
Ha lla3apeSHha. Jen;HHH lloCTojaH npo
THBHHK My je 3Maj OflbeHH BYK. OBa
HHTepHal~HOHanHa TeMa, Koja je yrnaB
HOM nOCMaTpaHa y HaYQH KaO jYHaqKa
OajKa,.y BYKOsoj encKoj sapHjaHTH
(1I/42) OJIH:lKa je aMoHjemy npen;alba)
HoM.-b.
1

Yn. MX I. Gp. 54. 55

570-571.

BaplljaHTa Ha CTp.

3MAJ O.ll H01'aAJA. Ha3HB 3a CTO

jaHa qyrm~a, BojBon;y y npBOM cpnCKOM yCTllHKy.
.

R BIIUll-bIlIi, <PI/Jlmi; neC.M.e 0 6op6aMa

3a oCAo6o!JeH>e Cp6uje; t[yiluli Cillo
jaH.
p.rr.

. 3MA"J.. ,UOOpO.l;l,!MepHO, no 'HeKIIM

. MHUllbelbHMa To'TeMCKO, MlITCKO oHhe
. . . MO:lKe' ce :lIpeTBOpHTH y '10Bei<:a: iaBH
3J1ATHJA.. MYCJIHMaHCKO :lKeHCKO
. CHO on; Te}!lHTopHje. Bepyje 'ce n;a norn':
HMe, '1eCTO y Hapon;HHM neCMaMa 3a n;etIe on; pHoe (HH XBaTaHe HH BJd)eHe; on;
BOjKY HeOOH'IHe JIenOTe H. n;OBHTlbHBoUlapaHa), on; oSHa. on; cMYKa ('1eCTO ce
CTH. )KeHcKa oco6a Koja ce Y MYUIKO
Hn;eHTHq,HKyje ca 3MHjOM - 3MHjCKHM

3MEJCKH DECHH. Banan;e, J1HpCKe

. H enCKe MaKen;OHCKe n'eCMe 0 cycpeT}'

. OB'Iapa ca 3MajeBHMa H BMaMa. Haj

(BYK lilt:!)"
tl~mhe qneBajy lby6aB ~BeKa C HaT- .
npHponHHM 6HlleM; H>HXOSO 6paTH:
. Y . 6ajKaMa, 3MajeBH cy Taicolje OTH
Mihelb~, M'e~}'COOHe oojelie li QOMHpe
.. Ma'lH ~~Ha. TIpeHoce HX y c:BeT HaT-' ~a. Y OBY rpyny' cnan;ajy neCMe 0 majH .
'npHpon;Hor; aJIH CTpa}1ajy 3axBalbyjyh;it: . 3a 3aja, CTHXOBaHe '06paAe oajKH 0
JIYKasoCTH rnaBHmC jyHaKa oajKe KOjHcnacaBalhY 3Maja, enCKe neeMe 0 iWyMa ce He MOry O]ljlnpeTH (yn. Kpyr npH
rOBaH>Y tlYBeHHX jyfiaKa ca 3MajeBHMa,
H n;p. .
nOBen;aKa .0 3.M.aje6UJ1Ul 3eillo6UMa).
H. M.-b.
H.M.-1i.

94

95

'Ka(~, HClBlJ Can;, 1980, Jqb. 16). KlbHra

flecHuUlillao jY:JICHe Cp6uje oOjaBJbeHa

.i982. "'.

'"

H. M.-b.

3PUHCKU, HHKOJla (151O?-1566),

<l>HJl030tPCKor tPaKYJlTeTa y CapajeBY.

npoY'Iasa HapoAHY KIDH:lKeBHOCT (AO

KTOpcKa AHcePTaUHja: BYlC08U capaiJ

flW,U ua UpHe rope, 1971). 06jaBHo
BHme paAOBa H3 06naCTH JlHpCKe Ha
po):lHe uoe3Hje, KaO H enexor CTBapa
IDa. llHcao je H 0 np03HOM HapOAHOM
CTBapaJlRUITBY. npOY'laBaO OAHOC
YCMeHe H nHcaHe KIDH:lKeBHOCTH Ha
AeJlHMa lifse AHApHha, C. M. Jby6Hllie

6aH XpBaTCKH; BpXOBHH 3aUOBe):lHHK

BOjCKe y YrapCKoj, xepojCKH 6paHllJIan;
CHreTa. ffierOBY jYHa'lKY CMpT 3anaM
TlLlIa je Hapo):lHa ueCMa (BornIDHh, 36).
Y' Hapo):lHHM neCMaMa ce Ha3HBa
Mmrnom 3PIHbCKH, 3plHbaHHH, 3PH
HOBHh.

p.n.
3YKOBlfIi, Jby60Mop (pol;ieH 1937),
KIDH:lKeBHH HCTOpH'mp, upotPecop

HAP
p.n.

II
HBPOBAU, MooApar
pOMaHHcT, KIDH:lKeBHH
npotPecop BeorpaAcKor
Ta. lDeroBY ):lOKTOPCKY

(1885-1973),

OBHX je KpajeBa MMO llecaMa 3a6e

Jle:lKeHO, aJIH Y HeKHM ):lPYI'HM BpCTaMa
nHpcKHx HapO):lHHX necaMa, HIIp. Jby6aBHHM, HaJla3HMO OCTaTKe HBaH>CKHX
neC3Ma. llpa3HHK neTH>e AyroAHeB
HHn;e OAP:lKaO ce KO):l MHorHXespon
CKHX Hapo):la; lifnalbAaH, HBaH KynMO,
lIpa3HoBClo ce KO):l CBHX CnoBeHa.
HajpaHHjH nHcaHH nOMeH je H3 nono
BHHe XIII B. KOA Pyca.

HCTOPH'IaP,
YHHBep3HTe
):IHcepTaUHjy
Jose Maria de Heredia (Les presses
fran~aises, 1923), Harpa):llLlIa je tPpaH
n;ycKa AKa):leMHja HaYKa. BaBHo ce
KOMnapaTHBHHM HCTpa:lKHBaIDa Y OK
BHPY tPpaHuycKo-jyrocnoBeHcKHX Kyn
TYPHHX Be3a, uoce6Ho KOllHTapOM H
BYKOM. KanHTMHo ):leno Claude

p.n.

Fauriel et la fortune europeenne des

poes.ies popula ires grecques et serbes,

8BO CEHKOBlfIi H ArA On PH.

BHHKA. Je):lHa OA HajneowHX enCKHX
Hap0):\HHx necaMa 1 H3 Kpyra YCKO'IKe
TeMaTHKe. TeMaTCKo-cIDI(ejay OCHOBY
'IHHH cTapH" HHTepHan;HOHMHH MOTHB
o AB060jy HCKYCHor paTHliKa C HeAo
paCJIHM ne'IaKOM KOjH OAHOCH n06e):ly,
n03HaT Y CBeTcKoj H YCMeHoj H nHCaHoj
. KIDH:lKeBHOCTH (EH6,uHja, HH6enYH
H.M.-'Il,
IllKa neCMa H ):Ip.) , EnCKH OMHJbeH
YCKO'lKH jYHaK lifBO CelLaHHH (OB):le
HBAlLCKE. meME. 06pe):\He' ne
;n.y6neT npe3HMeHa - C~HKOBHh) je
CMe y Be3H ca cnaBJbeIDeM JleTH>e ):Iyro
Ae'laK-pa'l'HHK, KojH YMeCTo OCTapenor
):\HeBHHu;e. llPHMHBmH HeKe O):lJlHKe
ou;a 'Bypl;ia (seposaTHO enCKa acoUH
xpHllihaHCTBa, Be3aJ;Ie ce 3a AaH JOBaHa
jal.l,Hja Ha CTapor neCnOTa 'BypJ:;a
VII), 3a):lp}KaBajyhH
KpCTHTeJba
CMenepeBu;a), Onna3H Y 60j C HaCILlI
MHore naraHCKe 06HlJaje; naJbeIDe Ba
HHKOM, atoM 0):1 PH6HliKa, ):Ia o-qyBa
TPe" KOTP:lliaIDe TO'lKa, nneTeIDe seHa
jYHatIKY ~IaCT H OCBeTna 06pa3 on;y.
u;a (mTO ese 'CHM6onHwe cyHQe y ny
ll06e):lHBU1H. MnaAH Mer):laHI,IHja ce
~OM cjajy).BaTPe, no crapoM Bepo13a
npe06na'lH y oAeno n06eljeHor, npeMa
IDY, HMajy Moh 3alliTHTe 0):1 3Jla H 60HCKOHCKHM 'npaBHnHMa AB06oja, H. Ha
. neCrH. TOKOM npomnor BeKa y MHO
arHHOM KOIDY' Bpaha ce ocrape.qOM
rHM o6.rraC'(HMa, 'HapO'lHTo' y KajKaB- .
0U;y., KOjH ra He n93Ha Beh CHarOM:
.' C~QM ):leny' XpBa:rcK~ H y Cn.OB~HHjH,
Ay60Kor po):lHTeJbCKOr 60na H3a3HBa

Da.tbeHH cy YO'lH IfBaID):Iima T3B. u&in.

HecnyheHY; .nocneAIDY CHary KOjQM

.t;KU lCpujeco8u. Koje MJli\ne:lK'}'3 Hrpy H

'jYPHUla. :lKeJIelm Aa ce TYP'HHHt OCBe- ,
necMy npeCKa'le; 3a6ene:lKeH' je BehH
TH, MHCJIehH Jla My je CHHa nory6HO. If
6poj necaMa Be3aHHX 3a oBaj 06H'Iaj. Y
OBO je crapH, HapaTHBHH MOTHB 0 60jy
HCTO'IHHM KpajeBHMa Harne 3eMJbe,
H3Mel;iy OJlHCKHX CPO):lHHKa (ou;a H
yO'lH HBaIDnaHa H lleTPOB):\aHa nMH
CHHa, ):lBOjm~e 6paha HAp.) KOjH ce y
nH cy BaTpe CTO'lapH OKO TopoBa. 83
OnnY'lHOM TpeayTxy He n03Hajy.
Didier, Paris, 1966, npeACTaBJba MHHY
UH03HO HCTpa:lKHBaIDe CTaBa POMaH
TH3Ma npeMa HapO):lHoj noe3lijH Ha
9CHOBY IDeHor J;IpHxBaTaIDa H T)'Ma
'lelba. KopHmheHa JlHTepaTypa H in
BOpH npeACTaBJbajy cBojeBpCTail: Apa
rou;eH 6H6JIHorpatPcKo-6HorpatPcKH
. neKCHKOH ueJlor nepHO):la.

(7-

".

.'

96

97

II
I

Hallia enCKa HapOAHa neCMa, CHarOM

TaJIeHTOBaHa neBa'Ia, rpaAH Ha OBOM
MeCTY je):lHY 0):1 YMeTHH'iKH HajycneJIH
jHX eIlH30~a Y enCKOM neBalbY. Kp03
n;eny necMY ~aTa cy CHIDKHa nOBHpalba
Y m'IllY OCTapellor paTHHKa H AHPJhHBO
He}KHOr o[(a. YMeTHH'lKoj nenOTH ne

CMe AonpHHOCH enrooAa Op;Hoca jYHa

Ka H lberOBa KOlba: OCTapellH paTHHK
ce oopaha KOlbY Kao npHjaTeJhy H
capMHHKY y 60jy, Tpa}KehH Aa ca):la
lberOBOM jej:\HHUY oyJJ;e Ha nOMohH.
BelliTO BoljeHoM KOMn03H[(HjOM, OBa
. enH30Aa YKa3yje Ha CH}KejHH TOK [(eJIe
neCMe. ITo HeKHM npeTnocraBKaMa y

npoyqaBalbHMa Hallie eIlHKe, ByK je

OBY necMY 3aIlHcao OA CJIene neBa'qM[(e

)J(HBaHe.

He H YCMeHe KlbH}KeBHOCTH. nOOOpHHK

je HOBOr HJIHpHSMa.

~aoyna ce HHa'Ie MO}Ke Be3HBaTH H 3a

~pyre

CBel.\e H Ha HCTH Ha"tJIIH o6ja

H. M.-D.

mlbaBaTH y3PO[(H lbHXOBor nOCBe

hHBalba (CB. MnHja, CB. A~peja, CB.

,UMMHTpHje, HTj:\.).

H. M.-D,

I Aalh 756 U.

2 Yn. H. n. AHilpcjclI. Die Legellde VOII dell

zlI'ei Er.nilldem FF CommUJIications No 54,

Helsillki 1924.
3 Yn. lIapHjllH'I'C n,UlHlIII(~ 1869,
CTp. 478;
PHCI'Hh-JIIlH'IIlPCKIt. CHn. 1891; CE3 XLI,
C'I'P. 262: B. l'mpulIlth. CHn, 1909; llIaynlth
CHn, 112. 1925. II Jlp.

x.

HfPAlfKE nECME, B. neCMe y3

l/2PY

P. It

H3PEKA (y oOH'laj Y3eTe pe'qH).

MeTaq,opH'qKH H3pa3, rOBopHa q,op
Myna HCK83aH8 Haj'Iellihe CJIHKOM Koja

HrILATHJE (I'ILATHJE), CBeTIL Y

'IHHH Aeo pe'IeHHn:e H Y lboj ce naKO

jy:>KHOCJIOBeHCKHM npHIlOBeTKaMa Haj

o):lp}KaBa H npoIlIHpyje. OA nOCJIOBH[(e

'qeruhe nOCMaTpaH KaO paHHjH BeJIHKH

je H3peKa KOHKpeTHHja,He TeJoKH yon

rpeIlIHHK, pa300jHHK, KOjH nOlliTO je

IIlTaBalbY MO}Ke H3paJoKaBaTH ocoo~

YOHO 99 JhY~H oKajaBa cBOje rpexoBe,

(nYA - JlUK l/cfioi) 1<:aue), CTalbe CTBapH

no caBeTY cBeIlITeHHKa,. 3aJIHBajyliH

(Ha apaiii HtJ HOC). aK[(Hjy (MeTHYTH

yrJheH ~a 03eJIeHH.I OBOM BeOMa pac- .

KOMe 6y6y y YXo). I1PH' TOM H3peKa

npocTpalbeHoM HHTepJla[(HOHaJIHOM

KOPHCTH H3BeCHY npeHeceHOCT 3Ha

THUY JIere~apHe llpH'ie,2 KOMe je oc
'lelba CHHTarMe Kao [(enHHe. M3peKa je

HOBa KpHIlIluiHcKa MHcao ~a HeMa TaKO

H CBaKH rOBopHH OOllHK KOjH ce no-

BenHKor rpexa KOjH ce He MO}Ke OKa

8aBJha Y TpaAII[(HOHaJIHoj q,0PMH;

JaTH, Y CBHM j)')l9l0CJIOBeHCKHM BapH
nOp'eljelbe H3 OOH'IHor }KHBOTa, JIHTe

jaHTaMa 3aje~HH'iKH je Kpaj. YrJheH

paTYpe, HCTopHje (6eo 1<:ao CHe2, JlY1<:aa

03eJIeHH, H BeJIHKH rpeIlIHHK AooHje
1<:ao Jll/Clll~a, C1<:aoap Ha DojaHU).
oIipOlliTelbe, nOlliTO YOHje CTOTor
YoOH'mjeHH H3pa3H Kao: cacUlaJlo ce
'lOBeKa - ~a OH ra cripe'lHO ~a CK)'AH'
3J10 Ll 20pe, cBp6e ia Jleba, utUla je 'Uly
~eBojKY KaKO je Y KOAeKCY OOH'lajHHX
je, xpaHa U 06paHa, TaKolje ce )'{ory
rpeXOBa Y jy:>KHOCJIOBeHcKoj TpaAHQHjH
CMaTpaTH H3peKaMa.
.
HajBehH rpex '~eBOjE:Y OKJIeBeTaTH H
B. F060PHtl tt3paau.
0~3eTH joj cpehy," cnpe'qaBall>eM lbeHe
H. M.:D.
y~aje, YOHCTBO Koje 'lHHH Pa300jHHK je
..
.
JiJIeMeHHTQ ~eJIO, ~Oc:rOjHO cinpolliTaja . "HJlEmHlf, lPpau (1871-1942), CJIOBe. CBHX paHHjmc yOHCTaBa.. KYJIT ~eB~jKe,. Ha'lKH K~~e!3HHK H HCTOpH'iap KlbH
nOlIITo1:taH.e'tcoje j6j re YKa;3yje,. BeOMa .. ' }KeBHOCTH, npoq,ecop CJIOBeHa'llce
je KapaKTepHCT~o.3a ~antY n.oeTcKY.
KH,mKeBHoCm Ha 3arpeoa'qKoM cBe~
TpanH[(HjY.(B. KJleiii.aa; /l.Y1<:a CeH1<:OY'lHllHIllTY .n03HTHBHCT, npoY'faBao.
Buh), H OB~e ~ooHja BPxyHCKO nproCTaHKa Bpa3a. npHMO}Ka Tpy6apa;
Halbe YJIaCKOM rpeIllHHKa Y CBeTli'qKH
oaBHo ce KOMnapaTHBHHM CTYAHjaMa Y
naHTeOH}
OKBHpy CJIaBMCTHKe, nope~elbeM nMca1 BYK I1l!56.

I,

I
I

I:

HHX YMOT30pHHa no CnaBoHHjll Kao H

o6H'Iaja HS HapO):lHor }KMBOTa. 06
jaBHo je 'leTHpH KlbHre: CJWeOHC1<:e ea
pOUl.lce iijec.Me, ca6paHe no CnaBoJhy6y
CJlaBoH'leBHhy, CB. I, 3arpeo, 1844;
CJlaeOHCKe HaiiIlUlHU1~e, ca6pao HX
BHHKO n03Hh, ypeAHO CnaBOJhYo Cna
BOH'leBHh, CB. II, 1844; Tpeha KlbHra je
HaCTaBaK npBe: CJlaBOHC1<:e eapOut1<:e
iijecMe, III CB. iby6e3He ujecMe, 1847, H
'leTBpTa CJlaBOHC1<:e HapOOHe ujeCMe...

I!.

HJlHJA, CBeTH. HaCJIep;HHK 60ra rpo

MOBHHKa, HeGectm KO'lHjant, Henorpe
IlIHBH CTpena[(. Y HapoAY HallieM ce
MHCJIH H rOBopH Aa CBern fuHja ynpa
BJha rpOMOBHMa. fAjeKojH jOlli Ka}KY
Aa TP'qH no Heoy Ha KOJIHMa, na on OHe
nyne nOCTaje rpMJhaBa.. 3aTO ce OH H
18.47: HUPOOHU CllaBOHC1<:U 06u'laju,
30Be Y Hapo~HHjeM njecMaMa rpOMO
. ca6paHIl II UOiitlCaHU UO JIy1<:U Hlluhy
BHHK. Kaj:\ rpOM yj:\apa OH):Ia Ka}KY Aa
0PIIOB'IUHtlHY, 3arpeo, 1846. I1ecMe
CBeTII MJIHja no 3anOBeCTH OOJoKjoj
cy yrnallHoM nHpcKe, 3aTlIM enCKe,
ralja ljaBone ... i
jYHa'iKe H MeJIH'lKe, ny'IKe neCMe Koje
Y MHornM npej:\albHMa npHnOBena ce
ce neBajy no rpaAoBHMa, 'leCTO H o~
KaKO ce CBeTH MllHja noopaTHO C llOB
n03HaTHX aYTopa (PaKOBa[(, TPHCKH,
[(eM KOMe je npH3Hao BeIlITHH)' CTpe
Bpa3, ,UeMeTep, EopojeBHh H np.).
JhamTBa.2 Y ABOCTpYKoi nOBpaTHoj
p.n.
HrpH MeTaq,opH'qKor H OOH'IHOr 3Ha
'qelba, CBeTM MnHja ce nojaBJhyje Kao
HMOTCKH. MecTo Koje ce Haj'lemhe
pacnycHH, HeYMepeHH rocnoj:\ap rpo
jaBJha Kao nOKallHTeT y HapoAHHM oa
Ma. npBOOHTHO cXBaheH Kao OTeno
J1aJJ;aMa H3 MYCJIHMaHCKe cpenHHe, aJIH
TBopelbe CTHXHje, Y n8Jhoj aHTpono
H Y enCKHM neCMaMa ca YCKO'IKOM Te
Mopq,1I3a[(HjH ce OAYXOBJhyje, Aa OH
MaTHKOM, OCOOHTO y CTapHjHM 38DHCH
lberOBe KapaKTepHe oCO~HHe oHne
Ma.
OHe y BeCeJhaKa H KaBraJ,lHje, C HHjaH
f.n.
COM XYMopa: : ..HapOA Bepyje Aa CBeTH
MnHja YB.eK nllTa ceCTpy, OrlbeHY
MMIlPOBH3AQHJA. MHTepHa[(Ho
MapHjy~ KaA je lberOB naH. A OHa TO
HanHH, nOCJIeAfbHX roAHH.a H KOn H.ac
yaeK 3aoamypyje jep OH 0):1 Becelba H
YCBojeH TepMHH KojH Tpeoa Aa 3Ha'lH
merllY'qelb'a caB cBei nooHo.3
'IHH oOnHKOBalba YCMeHe TBopeBHHe,
IToceoHY ynory HMa Y BH3HjH >>DOIlIJhe
chjeBaBalbe HiIH npHnoBHjeAalbe (no
Alber BpeMeHa. YnpaBO 360r yHHIllTa
.BYKY). ITojaM ce 3aCHHBa Ha. I}Jlejl1 0
Bajyhe MohH Koja MY je naTa Y nocpeA
KOHTHHYHTeTY C3Mor C~BapaJIa'q~or
HHlIlTBY H3Meljy oora H rpeIlIHHX JhyJJ;H, .
npoQeca. neBa'l HnH npHnOBe;lla'l ce
rpoMOBHMa H MYlbaMa Tpeoa JJ;a YHH
OCJIalba C jej:\He c:rPaHe .Ha YCBojeHY
IlITH 3eMJhY. Heoo 6H ce npOJIoMHno,
TpaAH[(Hjy YCMeHHX CTHJICKHX' noCTY
3eMJha Y'cYHoBpaT CTponOlliTaJIa.4
naKa, Ha q,opMYllaTHBHOCT H KOPH
H.M.-D.
CTehll je, CApyre crpaHe, oCTBapyje HOo
By BapHjmITY H HOBY'noeTCKY 3aMHC~0.

I BYK. )/(u8oUi U o6u'Iaju. CTp. 66.

2 "A"PKHB 3a nosjeCTHHUY jyrocnaseHcKY,

1863NU crp. 222. BoC3HcKa IlHna,!, 1901/XVI

. CTp. 2io.
:
'.

B.

H.M.-'&. '.

3 CE3, 1911. XVII CTp. 122 B. II M. MIIlIHheBHh.

'.
'II'

)/(u.6oUi Cp6a Ce.tbtlKd.

...

...

HH~O~Bp.OnCKA TEOPHJA '~.

NfuU1oJloulka iiieopuja . ..

: 4 M. MHJllthCBllh. )/(U80W Cp6a ce.tbtlka, 1894:.

134.

HJlHn, JlYK8 0PBOB'I8BHB (18171878), CBeIlITeHHK H caK)'DJha'q Hapo):l-

~I~ ______________
~ -'----..-,.~________'____
1.

.' ' . '

~cUleUlIt1<:a ItcUloaeUlHocinu, Cuje-

aaean.e.

HHTEPHAQMOHAJlHH MOTH
BH. 3aje):lHH'IKH MOTHBH KOjH ce noja-

99

I
I.

BJbyjy Y YCMeHoj KH>IDKeBHOCTH pa3HHX

HapoAa. lhHXOBO nopeKJIO H y3ajwme
OAHOce npO}"!aBajy opojHe TeopHje.
B. Muiiio.flOUlKa iUeopuja; MuipallUO
IUl iUeopuja; Teopuja 0 UO.flUieHe3U;
HciUopujcKo-ieoipatjJcKa iUeopuja H
Ap.
H.M.-li.

HCTOPHJCKA EnCKA HAPOn

HA llECMA. TIeCMa Koja OneBa HC
TOPHjCKH n03HaTe nH'llIOCTH. OroeK je
CTBapHHX 30HBaH>a y JIpoIIInOCTH. Haj
paHHjH nOMeHH y neCMaMa 0 mm;HMa H
Aoral)ajHMa H3 HaIIIe HCTopHje OAHOCe
ce Ha XII a. (HeMaH>a, ca. Caaa).
TIO'1eB OA XIV B. nH'1HOCTH H Aoral)a)H
ce 3HaTHO aHIIIe oneBajy (KpaJbeBHh
MapKo, KocoBo). YO'1JbHBO je 1Ia cy
1I0ral)ajH H3 npoIIInoCTH MaH>e one
BaHH y 01lHocy Ha HOBHje H HajHoBHje.
TIpeMa 3Ha'1ajHHM HCTOPHjCKHM 30H
BaH>HMa, Byx je nOAenHO HaIIIe HCTO
pHjcKe enCKe neCMe Ha iieCMe ciUapu
jux 8peMeHa (AO nponaCTH caMOCTan
HHX CpeAH>OBeKOBHHx 1Ip:Kasa, Kpaj
. XV B. - II KH>.), iiecMe cpeolbux 8peM.e~
IUl (60p6e xaj):lyKa H YCKoKa XVI H
XVII B. - III KH>.) H iieCMe H08UjUX
8peMelUl (0 00p6aMa 3\1 ocno60l)eH>e
UpHe fope M Cp6Mje, XVIII M nO'I.
XIX B. - IV KH>.). Haj6pojHMje cy
neCMe 0 60p6aMa Koje oneBajy Y'1eCHH
D;M .M caspeMeHHD;H OHe caAP}Ke
SMIIIe MCTopMje HO noe3Hje, HaCTane
cy BpeMeHcKH H TepeHcKH 6nIDKe 36M
Baiby, SHllIe. cy xpoHH'lapCKa Ka3HBaH>a
Koja ce nosHHyjy CXBaTaH>a APYIIITBeHe
cpeAHHe.
B. EiicKa YCMeHa iieCMa.
p.n.

.::1
l

cae SpCTC YCMeHHx TsopesHHa. TIoJIa3H 011 npcTnocTasKe 1Ia CBaKa 01lBOjeHa
TsopeBHHa UMa caoj HCTOpHjaT Hac
TaHKa, TC Tpeoa YCTaHOBHTH: L 01lro
BapajyliH Ot'5JIHK, J{aKO M3BOPHOj cpop
MM (apxcTHny) TaKO H BehHHH BapH
jaHaTa; 2. npM6JIH:KHO BpeMe H MeCTO
H3CTaHKa OpMrHHana; 3. npoCTopHe H
BpeMeHcKe rryTese IIIMpeH>3 TsopeSH
He H H>eHC M01lHq,MKaD;Hje. TIPH TOM ce
OnllJTH 3aKJbY<Il\H H3B01le TeK nopel)e
H:.eM MOHorpacpCKHX pa3MaTpaH:.a csa
Kor nojC1IHHOr THna H HapO'1HTO
pa3JIH'IHTHX HJIH CJIH'IHHX 1IeTaJba y
OKSnpy fberosc reorpacpCKe H spe
MeHCKe pacnpOCTpaH>eHOCTH (Tono
rpaq,CKH, HCTOPHjCKH, JIHHrBHCTH'1KH,
na H CTHJIHCTH<IKH KpHTepHjYMH Hrpajy
Ba}KHY ynory y H311BajaH:.y nO):ITHllOSa,
IIITO sell cna1la y HosHje M01lHcpHKal\H
je CPHHCKC MeT01IC).
MeT01l0JIOllJKe nOCTynKe Ha npHIIose
l\H pa3paljyjy KapJI KpOHI, AHTH
ApHe2 H H:.erOB cneA6eHHK AMepHKa
Hal\ CTHT TOMCOH. KOjH JIpoIIIHpyje
ApHeos MeljyHapOAHH KaTanOr THno
Ba H3 1910. y 1Isa Hosa H3AaH>a3 H
06jasJbyje HH1IeKC MeljyHapoAHHX MO
THS'l. 06yxBaTajyfm H Hawy rpal)y.
Y H311afbHMa Folklore Fellows Com
munications H3JIa3H HH3 MOHorpacpH
j3 0 noje1lHHHM THnOBHMa npH'1a, cTsa
pajy ce Hal\HoHaJIHH KaTan03H pal)eHH
no ApHe-ToMcoHOSOM cHCTeMY THno
sa.
K01l Hac cpHHCKa MeT01la yTH'le Ha
l.JajKaHoBHllen npHcTyn. npHllOBeTKa
Ma H H:.erosy KnacHcpHK8l\Hjy (CpiicKe
HapooHe ilplliio8eiUKe, Beorpa1l, 1927.
H 1929). H Y HeIIITO H3MeH>eHOM 0OOH
Ky Ha H3pa):ly no.ie~HHHX MOHorpacpHja4
Kao H KaTanora T,HnOBa cpncKoxpsaT
CKe. YCMeHe npG3e5 : .'
:

HCfOPHJCKO-IEOfPAClJCKA MnM
.. +BBCK3 MeTOroJ. Pa3BMa c!,!. y Apyroj
non. XIX B. TIoTeKJIa je H3 npoY'1asa
H.M.-'S.
. ' ina cpHHcKor 'eooca; QA JynMjyca KpoHa.
(Juliu' 'Krohn) KOjM je. aH8.1!M30Bao . I KHarl Krohn. D{e /o/kforistische.ArbeitsiniJ-
pacnpOCTpaIPeHOCT caCTaBHHX eJIe~ethot/e. 21926.
. HaTa KaJle8aJle. TIpHpoAHH je npOAY
2 Anlli Aarnc. Ldtfadell der' vergleichenden
}KeTaK MUZPallUOHe iUeopuje (s.), anH
Miirchell/llrsdlll1l/:.1913.'
6e3 nOCTaBKe 0 HHJ(HjCKOM nopeKJIy
3 Stith Thi.mpson. Tile Types of the Folktale,
npHnose):laKa. MO}Ke ce KOPHCTHTlf 3a
1928. i 1901; Motif ill/ex. I-VI. 1955-1958.

100

4 Ma1'H'IC'l'OIl.

Ko.je o6ojmla HMajy - TIejo cnyra.

XOl)a rocnoJl,ap; nejo Y'1eHHK, XOJ,Ia
Y'IHTeJh; nejo upenCTaBHHK nopo6Jbe

Se:galli ill prerojelli ,'/ovek. 1961:

M. DOIllKOllllh-CI'YJJH. HapoiJHa upe,)aja "

IIl1oiJapeHoj iliOjHU.

1967.

5 PYKOllllCIl Y3allOJlY 3a 1IC'1p<tlKHllalbc q,OJJKJJO

pa Y3arpcGy.

Hor HapO].la. Xoua - npenCTaSHHK

1I0P06JI,Hlla'la. KapaKTepHCTH'1Ha je
npli'Ja 0 3axTeuy Hacpa1lHHa XOJ,Ie ):\a
My ljal\H CHecy 110 je1lHO jaje - CBM ~al\H
1l01lMeTHY n01l ce6e 0):1 Kyhe 1I0HeCeHO
jaje. H' 1I0<IHY KOKO;L\aKaTH. TIejo He
Jl,OHeCe HHlllTa. anH 3aTO nO'IHe KyKy
pHKaTH. Y MycnHMaHcKoj Cpe1lHHH
ynorc CC MeH,ajy: HaCpa1lHH nOCTaje
1I0BHTJbHHml, H npe}:lCTaBHHK MY1lPO

HTEP nEJO. MaKe;L\OHCKH 11IaJbMSal\,

;L\OMH11IJbaH - npe1lCTaBHHK eTHH'IKe H
HaUHOHaJIHe MY1lPOCTH. HH3 Tpa1lH
l\HOHanHHX, IIIaJbHSHX. HeKa1l H CaTH
pH'1HHX MOTHBa M cpa6yna BpeMeHOM
ce se3yje 3a H>era H KaO OKO Epe CTBa
pa ce l\HKnyC. Haj'IellJim npOTHSHHK
MY je HaCpaAHH XOJ,Ia. CynpOTCTaBJba
ce MY;L\POCT je1lHOr - rnynoCTH 1Ipyror.
a CHTyaD;Hja je nOTeHD;HpaHa YJIOraMa

cnl.
H. M.-li.

101

JAJ)YlJHJIO. no HapoWIOM npe]\albY,

KpHJlaTH KOlb BojBO]\e MOM'urna, jYHa
Ka H3 XIV B., no HapoAHoj neCMH yjaKa
KpaJbeBHha MapKa ()KeHH]\6a KpaJha
BYKalllHHa, BYK II). nOTHqe 0]\ KpH
JlaTa KOlba KOjH je )KHBeO Y je3epy.
p,n,

JArlIn, Ba1'pOCJlaB (1838-1923), lH

JlOJlor H KlbH)KeBHH HCTOpH'lap. je]\aH
0]\ YTeMeJhHTeJha cnaBHCTHqKe HaYKe;
npolecop YHHBep3HTeTa Y O]\ecH.
EepJIHHY, neTporpaAY H Haj]\~e Y
Ee'IY (1886-1908), KOjH je THMe
TIOCTaO oHoBpeMeHH I\eHTap cnaBHc
THKe H3JIa)KeH>eM 'IaCOTIHca Archiv
fUr slavische Philoiogie (1876-1920);

6HO jeAaH OA OCH~a'Ia JyrocnaBeHcKe

aKaAeMHje 3HaHOCTH H YMjeTHOCTH Y

3arpe6y (1866) H 'lJIaH BHme CTpaHRX
aKa]\eMHja H HaY'IHHX APYlllTaBa.
06jaBHo je MHOro HayqHHX pa]lOBa H3
06naCTH cnOBeHCKRX je3HKa, KlbH)KeB
.. HOCTH, HCTopHje, eTHOJlOrnje, a TIoce6
HO CPI!CKoxpBaTCKe CTape, cpeJllbe H
HapoAHe KlbH)KeBHOCTH; H3AaBao je H
CTape PYKOTIHce. 0]\ BenHKor.cy 3Ha
qaja H AaHac lberOBe CTYJlHje ~3 06na- .
CTH HCTopHje HapOWIe KlbH?KeBHoCTH H
TIpBRX nOMeHa 0 lbOj, Kao H CTYJlHje 0
eTICKOM HapOJlHOM neCHHlllTBY Jlyror
, CTHXa KOJl Hac H JlP. (0 iiapa.n.e/IaMa u

t
~I

I
]

<II

~I.:
i

,Ii~
~
I

,
f

I~.

jj!

iii

'"

'

JAJHUA BOJBO.IJ;A. npeMa Hapo;n:

HOM npcnalby TIO EOCHM, 6HO je 3eT
BYKa EpaHKOBHha H C lbHM ce 3ajeJlHO
nOBYKao H3 KOCOBCKor 60ja. 3a lbera
CC Be3yjy CTapH rpaAOBH TIO EOCHH. Y
HapoJlY ce Ca'IYBaJla neCMa KaKO ra
MaTH KYHe 360r H3]\aje Ha KOCOBY. Ja
jHl\a je ncpOBaTHO Y HapOJlY H3MelbeHO
HMe BojBOJle KaHl\e (BYK, III). OJlHOC
HO jYHaK!l KaHlle Pa]lolbe H3 TIeCMe y
EpnaHreHcKoM PYKonHcy, HnH KpojH
I~C PaJlOH,c Y neCMaMa H3 CnaBoHHje.

!
L

p,n

JAKmH'B.H. JYHaI\H enCKRX HapoA

HHX TIeCaMa c-rapHjHx BpeMeHa. MCTo

PHjCKH nOTOMl\H JaKllle, BOjBOJle 'Byp

~a EpaHKoBHha. CfllecpaH H I!MUiIiap
TIpena3e' Y YrapCKY. Jl06HBlllH noce~
Ha~aK OA KpaJha MaTHje. EOPHJlH cY .
, ce npoTHB TypaKa, ,f.(MHTap je nornHyo
KO]\ CM,cllepeBa 1486, a CTelaH KO]\
Eetla 1489. Y eIlHl\H 3a lbHX cY Haj

'ieilihe aC3aHe TeMC 0 6paTCKHM H TIO

POAHtlHHM OAHOCHMa, C OanaAH'IHOM

HOTOM (neo6a, HCKYiliaBalbe. Jhy6a).

neBa ce H 0 ABOjHl\H 6pahe, pege Tpo
jHllH, HJIH Y l\PHOropcKHM TIeCMaMa 0
6paT!;TBY. nopen HCTOPHjCKHx HMeHa.y

neCMaMa ce jaBJhajy EOrnaH H TOAOP. a

y CTapHjHM HHHKo H HHKona.

JaKIIIHhH cy cnCKH 'YCTaJheHe nH'I

H9CTH Y UCCMaMa G 6pahH; 3a lb'HX ce

U3aopUMa HaulUX HapoOHUX iljecaMa u
ae3yjy TeMe H3 CTapHjer cnoja eTIHKe,
iipuiloaujeoaKa (1867); /!YHaj - /!YHaj Y
HTIp. 0 BHJl~ Koja ,ce y neBojKY TIpeT
. CllaaeHCKOM HapqoHoM iijecHur:uiliay
napa.H '33naWI 6pahy'. MH'O 3JIOj CHaXH
(1876); JY:JfCHOCllaaeHcKe HapooHe iipu,
.'l.e rpa6aH1.lujaUl>! /!ujaKY u .1b~oao ... KQja 3~llanH)aoBf ca 6pal;toM. OTIeBajy
. ce H, fbHxoBe 6op6e C 'TyPWrui1, Haj
, o6jaUl1b'e'rbe, (1$77); .Jy.:JfCHOCllaaeHcKa
'Iem,he c. nOp'IOM on Allam!'H n06pa
HapijoH.a eiiUKa y' ftpoUl/iociUu '(1880);
THMCKH OAHOC ca '3MajeM Offbe~
KocoacKll jYHa1IU' u oow!Jaju y HapO
BYKOM.
.
OHOj eiiUllu (1890)..

i:1
ii'.t

[:1

fi
I",'
d

.J:;

Ii

.f: '

!!

,!

I'
f
~

'" 103

'+"~"' __~__~_

,!

'.0.

I
t
~

COH H TI. b0r11THPCB npHMeHllJIH ilK Ha

JEJJ:HOCTABHH (TIPOCTU) 0))
OJIKJIOp (1929). TIo lbHXOBOM MH
JUIUU. CpnCKoxpBaTCKH npeBon l
IlIJhClbY YCMeHu YMeTHoCT pe'Ill He '6R"
OOYXBaTHor TepMMHa 3a HeKOJIMKO
HH IIoCTojaJ1a ):la He riOCTOjM Kao cKyn
YCMeHllX Q>OpMH Koje A. JOJIec (Andre
Jolles), XOJIaH~amfH HeMaQKOr np)J{a
HeOUXOJ\H"X KOHBeHUMja, Koje npHXBa
Ta q:,OJIKJIOpHa cpeJJ.HHa, Kao lIITO Hll
BJhaHCTBa, MCTopH'lap YMeTHoCTM M
KfbH:lKeBHOCTH, KOMnapaTMCT M Teo
jC3MK (langue) HC OH nOCTojao ):la He
peTH'Iap, pa3MaTPa Y CBOjOj KfbM311
IIpenCTaBJha cneYKynHoCT KOHBeHUM
Einfaelle Formen, Xane 1930 (Legen
ja npHxnaneHHX 0)1 npymTBa. M Kao
de, Sage, Mytile, Ratsel, Spruell, Ka
IIITO je coaKH HHnHBHnyaJIHH mBop
sus, Memorabile, Marehen, Witz).
(parole) KopHlllhefbe KOHBeHQHje H3
Mcrpa)Kyjyl\1l IIOpeKJIO OBHX OOJIHKa y
jC3HKa (langue), oHpafbe pe'lH H CRH
caMOM je3MKY, OH nocMaTpa KaKO ce
TarMIl H3 fberoBor q:,oHna, TaKO je H
nojaBJhyjy Y caCBHM npyroM arperaT
CBaKO YCMeHo YMeTHM'IKO CTBapafbe
HOM CTafby Hero OOJIllQH Koje OOH'IHO
oojeKTHBH3aIlllja M HHnMBHnyaJIHa
CMaTpaMO JIllTepapHHM. TIpOY'IaBa
IIpHMeHa oen nocTojefie oaWTHHe
fbeM fbllXOBe MOpq:,OJIOWKe reHe3e,
q:,OJIKJIOpa. TIpcY3HMafbe, M300P M
JOJ1ec nonaje HOBe eJIeMeHTe TeopHj
TpaHccpopMaI{Hja npey3eTe rpal)e
CKOM IIOjMY KOHCTpYKQHje YCMeHor
npeACTallJha Y CTBapH HMIIpOBH3aL\Hjy
neJIa, npaTH TOKOBe TpaHcq:,opMaQHje
Y OJIKJIOPY, oCTBapHBafbe YCMeHor
je3HKa Y Kfbll)KeBHY YMeTHOCT, YBH~a
YMeTHH'IKor neJ1a. H MO)Ke ce YClIOOHO
jynll KOpeJIa~Hjy 113Mel)y MMcaOHo-ca
ynopeAHTIl c roBOpOM. CBaKa oGjeK
np)KajHor M je3H'IKO q:,opMaJIHOr O):lHO
'HBH3aI{Hja je no jenHa, HenOHOBJhHBa
ca KOjll je YCTaHOBIlO jom Ae CoCllp.
napHjaHTH. JenllHo ce Y YCMeHoM CTBa
TIocMaTPajyl\H ose jenHoCTanHe q:,.op
pail,Y oojcKTHOll3aQHja JJ.ena nOKJIana C
Me Kao je3H,-\Ke IIojane, napaJIenHO II
TpeHYTKOM fberOBor npHXBaTafba, jep
Ha er3HCTeHQlljaJIHOM M Ha cneCHOM
YKOJIllKO cpe):lHHa AeJ10 He IIpHXBaTa,
WlaHY, OH 3aKJhyqyje na ce cnaKa on
OHP ce Hene npeHOCIlTH H HeCTane.
OBHX q:,0PMM, CBaKIl nyT MO)Ke H3Be
Ol3oKaB IIpHCTyn q:,OJIKJIOPY, n03'aj
CTM M3 onpel)eHHX MeHTaJIHHX nHC
MJheH H3 CTp1KTypaJIHe JIllHrOllCTMKe,
n03ML\Mja Koje cy cnenpMCYTHe H
oMoryhllO je 1I0CMaTpafbe YCMeiIe
neJIOTBOpHe Y yKYIIHOj HCTOPHjH KYJI
YMeTHOCTH pe'lH ca CTaHOBHlliTa fbe
TYpe, aJIH ce peanll3yjy Ha 'pa3J1H'IHTe
Hor q:,YHKL\HOHllCafba II IIpHXBaheH je
Ha'lHHe. TIpoCTa q:,opMa })JIereHJIec.e
KOn Hac HapO'IHTO on OHHX caope
TaKO, HIIp., aKTyanH3yje y )KMTHjHMa
MCHHX HUY'IHHKa KOjll ce 6aBe TepeH
CBeTaua, y aHTll'lKoj onH H Y MOnepHOM
CKHM HCTpa)KHBafbMMa..
cnopTCKOM ~HTHP?MOy .
113 OBaKBor IIpHCTyna HaCTaJIa cy II
OBa JOJIeCOBa pa3MaTpafba AOJIa3e no
Hcrpa:lKHBOfba Y OOJIaCTH KOMYHHKa
H3pa)Kaja y Hay~ 0 q:,OJIKJIOpy, Hapo
I\liOHOr llpHCTYIIa q:,?JIKJIOPHOM neJ1y.
'IHTO jIOClIeJJ.fhHX ):leL\eHRja.
H.M.-"};.
B. Me.Mopa6UAe..

KOCOBa, H3 MCToxHje H MaKenoHHje:

JAHKOBHD, CTojaH (y. 1687), yCKO

'lKH IIornaBH~a Y PaBHHM KOTapHMa, y
MJleTa'IKoj ClI)')KGH, CHH cepAapa JaHKa
MliTpOBHfia. I1cTaKao ce y 60p6H npo

06u'lajll

1I

iieL'A-Ie

iilypclCux Cp6a

( 1886).

p.n.

THB TypaKa y BpeMe KaHnHjcKor H

.~!
~

~::

ll'
l!l

It:
iii"

il
II
II
!I

JAYKAJlHQE (3aropCKe). BpCTa

MopejcKof paTa, y APyroj IIOJIOBHHH
TY)KOaJIHIle. TY)Ke IIpeMa YTBpl)eHoM
XVII B. TIorHHYO KOA ,UYBHa. ,UOGHO
BHCOKO OnJIHKOBafbe H IIJIeMCTBO MJIe
pe)10ClIejIY, IIpBO 'IJIaHOBH IIopOAML\e Y
KynM H OKO fbe, KacHMje T)')KHJhe.
Ta'IKO. IherOBa ~yJIa H AaHac IIOCTOjH y
H.M.-p.
rp'IKOM MClIaMY, KOA 3aApa. Hajno3HaTHje cy eIICKe neCMe 0 fberoBHM
CYKoGHMa C KpajHmKHM MYClIHMaH
JA'IKA (nMja'lKa .nja'lKa). Y cesepoCKHM jYHaQHMa, 0 )KeHHAGH OTMHL\OM
3aIIanHMM OOJIaCTMMa CPIICKoxpBaT
MYClIHMaHCKe AeBojKe, 0 neBeToro
CKor je3H'IKor IIOAPY'Ija, OCOOMTO KOn
nHmlbeM pOIICTBy. MCTOPHjCKH IIOna
XpBaTa Y rpanHlIIhy M KOn EYfheB~a
TaK 0 lbefOBOM 14-Mece'lHOM poGo
Y OKOJIHHH CYOOTHQe, IIeCMa Koja ce
leBa (npCMa rnaroJI)' nHja'lllrn, ja'IH
BafbY Y UapHrpaAY, C jom jenHHM
TIeTap 3PHHCKH (1621
YCKOKOM H IIOBpaTaK Y3 OTKyn, YKJIO
nHO ce Y HHTepHa~HOHaJIHy enCKY
1671), Y CBOMe neJIY AflopujaflclCoia
.Mopa cupefla, HaBonH na nTllQe nllja
TeMY 0 AyrOM OACYCTBOBafbY M)')Ka,
'Ie. Y OCTaBUlTMHH 4>. K. 4>paHKona
H3HeHaAHOM nOJIaCKY, Gam Ha AaH
:lKeHHHe npeynaje H 0 cpefiHOM IIpen03Ha (1643-1671) HaJIa3e ce neCMe
HaBafbY (B. Poiiciil60 Jamw6uh Ciiloja
ClIll'IHe HaponHHM, Koje je 03Ha'ill0
Ha). 0 fbeMY IIeBajy H MYClIHMaHCKe
Kao AHja'IKe jYHfl'IKe. TIaBao PHTep
neCMe; YCMeHO npeAafbe CMaTpa yrne
BHTe30BHn (1652-1713), xpBaTcKH
nHe Goca~CKe n0ponHl~e' EeurnpoBMfia
I1HCaL\, H<l3BaO jc jenHY cBOjy necMy
CCfb'IHII!l aJIHTM n'ja'lKa OA cefbCKora
H KYJIeHOBHna fberOBHM nOTOMCTI!OM,
jep 'ce 3it" BpeMe p060Bafba Y UapH
fla MOPy. jYHaIlITlla. Y Mal)apcKoM
rpany OHO O)KeHHO.
jC3MKY, Bcn OA XIII B. oujalC ce ynoTpe
P.lI. . OJhaBa Y 3Ha'lcfbY neCHHK. Hapo):IHe
neCMe rpaJJ.HwnaHCKMx XpBaTa Koje je
caopao <PpOH KypeJIeL\ 1871. Ha3HBajy
JAHKO OJ( CUBHILA, B. XYfbaou,
ce ja'llCe.
JaHOUl.
P.ll.

JAILHHA. fpan y EfiHPY, on XI B.

BH3aHTHjCKH rpan. KpajeM XVIII M
. nO'IeTKOM XIX .BeKa Y fbehl}' :lKHBH
3JIOrnaCHH AJIH-nama JaHHHCKH. rpan
y KOMe cy ce mKOJIOBaJIH MHJIaJIHHOB
~. TPFOBHHCKHH 06pa30~HH L\eHTap
MaKenoHHje.

B. Tp'le F'op'luje u tPpOCUHa.

.

. H.M.-p.

.'JACTPEBOB, UBaH CTenaHOBB'I

(183~1894); PYCKH KOH~YJI y TIpH3pe
Ky, CKanpy; ConyHY H JafbHHH, Kao'
MCTopH'lap.H eTHorpaq:, nponYTOBao
Hame jY:lKHe npenene M ca6pao MHO
mTBO HCTopHjcKe H npyre rpal)e, Kao M
3Ha'lajHY 30HPKY Hapo;r:(HHX IIecaMa C

JEBPOCHMA, )KeHa cpnCKor KpaJha

BYKalIIHHa ~plbaB'leBHfia, MajKa Map- .

Ka Kpan,eBHfia. CIIOMHfbe' ce y HCTO

PlljCKHM H3BopHMa 1370, non llMeHOM
AJIeHa (HMe JeBpocHMa je MO)Kna
. MOHa~Ko). Y encKoj TpanHUMjH, ern
'IKH Y3BHUIeHa JIll'IHOCT KOjy CllH YBeK
nOUlTyje. MHore.necMe 0 MapKY HMajy
. YCTaJheHY Cl{eHY Be'lepe.M pa3roBopa e
MrtjKOM Kao YBOnHH Aeo (>,BHHO nHje
.KpaJheOHny .f\:lapKo I Ca. CTllPllj.lOM ..
. JeBpocHMoM.M"ajKt;lM, ),ppafbe ~apKa
Kpan,eBldia, BYK II172; Cjene Map
KO 3a oC'lepy C 'MajKoM; )KeHHn6i1
MapKa KpaJheBHna. ByK II155). Haj
MMIIpecMIlHMje AaT JIRK Y neCMM ,)Ypow
H Mpfban'leBHfiH (BYK 11133).

H.M.-p.

.. r

1
~

JEJIUUA. CTepeOTHnHO MMe 3a BO

JheHY cccrpy,.OOIl'lHO CHH'tarMa c ne
MIlHYTHBOM CeCTp~Qa JeiIH~a .

1.1eiJHOCUI06HU oI!AUijU; 3arpc6. 197~..

JlHa dy. o()pa HIl!/IJpea'/J pac.l}u

Me{)y lMfAla l7iUlIKOIip.i1l jeAa,

.... JE3:uK H 9BOP (langue. ...: parole)

. H0!311jH TepMMHM y Hamoj HaYUM.
IIojMoBe je yseo 4>epJUmaHJI ~e COCHp
(Ferdinand de Saussure) Y CBOjHM
:lKeHeBCKHM npenaBafbHMa H3 onmTe
JIHHfBHCTHKe (1906-1911), a P. JaKoo-

kit} HeOIlAlI...

Pe~e, HMe 3a oepHY )KeHY (B. C.Mpiil

6oj6ooe nplljeaoe).

p.n.

104

105

B. 50'i HUKOM OYJ/CaH He ocillaje; 5paha

UH-Yj:\OBHUH KOjy CTpax OJ:\ CHHa (CI1HO

Ba) crrpe'/aBa j:\a ce rrpeYj:\a, Te Y j:\OroB

H. M.-n.
0PY C Jby6aBHHKOM, Ha'lHHHBIlIH ce 60
JIeCHOM, IlIaJbe CI1Ha rro JIeKOBHTY BOj:\y

JEPEMHJA, CBeTH (OKO 650-580. ope

y 3aceilY Jby6asHHKY. CHH ce, 06H'1HO,

H. e.), jej:\aH OJ:\ '1eTBop~e BeJIHKHX

crrace 3aXBaJbyjyhH ceCTpH, y6Hja Jby
6aBHHKa H Bpaha ce Kao rr06ej:\HHK)

jeBpejcKHX rrpopOKa. YKpOTllTeJb 3MH

ErrCKa neCMa, oCJIalbajyhH ce rrpe

ja. 06pej:\He rreCMe 3a lberoB j:\aH (13.

CBera Ha 6ajKY. OJ:\ 6aJIaj:\e j:\06Hja eMO

Maj) JepeMHja Y rrOJbe, a CBe 3MHje Y

Mope - j:\eo cy HeKaA pa3BHjeHe 06
THBaH HMIIyJIC. BeJII1;IajyhH JOBaHoBo

pej:\He CBe'laHOCTH C jaKHM MarHjCKHM

jYHaIlITBo, CTHJIH3yje 60p6y ca cej:\aM

rrpHMecaMa (rroBopKa j:\eBojaKa C KJIe

j:\eceT H cej:\aM j:\l1nOBa, rrpaTH JIYKaBO

rreTYIlIaMa, AapoBH, ro36a, HTj:\.). lIe

oTKpHBaH,e MJIaj:\l1heBe '1Yj:\eCHe, CKPH

CMe HapO'lHTO O'lYBaHe Y HCTO'lHOj H

BeHe CHare, HCMoh jYHaKa rrpej:\ )KeH

j)')KHOj Cp6HjH.
CKHM JIYKaBCTBOM, OCJIerrJbelbe, CPH311
H. M.-n.
'IKH rrOj:\Bl1r Han )lI1BOM Jby6aBHHKoM H

Ka)Klbanalbe MajKe. BehHHa 'rr03HaTHX

JEPIIHA .nECllO~A, B. 5paHKo

BapHjaHaTa HaCTaJIa je rroj:\ YT~ajeM

auhu.
BYKOBe I1ITaMIIaHe 36HpKe.

H. M.-n.

u cecillpa.

il!
,Ij

I"

II!

I'!

II!

,I

il

6paTHMH TypKl1lba j:\eBojKa, j:\ajyhH

cBeQY H OIIIlITeHaQHOHaJIHH 3Ha'laj,
MapKY Behy oj:\roBQl:U:l0cT, ce6H CH
ryPHOCT (ByK 11165).

BH Ca'IYBaJIe eJIeMeHTe MarHjcKe rroe:'

3Hje. HajtleIlIhe ce IIocBehyjy caMOM
CBeQY Haj6JIH)Ke cy KOJIej:\apCKHM H
60)KHhHHM rreCMaMa, KaKO rro Ha'lHHY
H3Bol)elba TaKO H rro ca):lp)l(HHH. Pac
rrpocTpalheHe HapO'IHTO y jY)KHOj
Cp6HjH H MaKej:\oHHjH.

5020M 6paiiie, Kptitbeeu/iy MapKo,

5paiiiUMUM iiie 6020M uciiiuHujeM,
u KyMUM iiie 6020M uciiiuHujeM,
u eawujeM ceeiiiujeM JoeaHoM.
H.

Ej, yfiaHII caM CHCmll .I()lJaHe,

.I()HaHY .3CJlClla ')OJlaMa,
flll ()()JlaMII ()() CHIIJle (Ieuveu
a lIli zJlalJll KUlla cuMYPJluja
a lIa Kailll CHIIJlCHa KlliliWja
" Hil Ktlmll ,)lJa :1Kyilia ')YKaiiia.

M.-n.

11I

1Yn. nCCMC Hnpcllalba 0 JOllaHY Kao XPHCTOIlOM

K}'lIIY, B. BP'ICIlHh. nOMalbe HapoOHe cae ..a
Hociiiu: BYK 11202,203; EB 1898. XIII, CTp. 124.
2 BYK IIII; fleTpaHoBHh 1867, II; MX, liS; BYK
V1217; flcrpaHoBHh. )/(eHC:Ke iijecMe. 6p. 1 H2.
3 BYK 11230.231.

(bill"'" 1/27)

H. M.-n.

JOBAHOBIfB., BojuCJlaB M. (1884

JOBO 6YAIIMJIIIJA (CTajahe HMe).
1968), KlbH)KeBHHK, HCTOpH'lap, BaHpe
fJIaBHI1 jYHaK rreCMe rroj:\ HaCJIOBOM
j:\HH rrpocpecop yrropej:\He KlbH)KeBHO
)l(eHHn6a JOBa EY):lHMJIHje (BYK,
CTH Ha cI>HJI030CPCKOM cpaKYJITeTY y
11/100), ca I1HTepHaQHOHaJIHHM MOTH
JEQA CJIEllIIQA, ryCJIapKa-rreBa
I Yn. EpnalircHcKII PYKonHc. 85. BYK 1/303a H
EeorpaAY (1912-1919), Hay'lHH caBeT
BOM
0 npepYIlIeHOM TprOBQY KojH
303ti; D. PajKOImh. CHn: MX I V; Siovenske
'1HQa H3 3eMYHa. OJ:\ HeBeJIHKOr 6poja
HHK CAHY. YpeljHBao je CprrcKH
HaMaMJbyje BOJbeHY j:\eBojKY Ha JIaljy C
Ijuc.lskc pcsmi, RoWII ill Vrjanko.
rrecaMa Koje je BYK OJ:\ lbe ca6pao, JIe- .'
KlbH)KeBHH rJIaCHHK (1920-1921). Py
TprOBHHOM, OJ:\BOj:\H je H )KeHH ce
rrOTOM ce HCTWI)': CMpill aojaooe [Jpu

KOBOj:\HO je OJ:\ceKOM 3a Hap0j:\He yMO

lbOMe. BeOMa pacrrpOCTpalbeHa Ha
JOBA(H), JOBO. Haj~Iernhe MYIlIKO
jeaoe (11/84) H Jby6a 60'iaillo'i raaaHa

TBopHHe y CAHY. Haj3Ha'lajHHjH

QeJIOM jyrOCJIOBeHCKoM rroj:\pY'ljy, OBa
HMe
3a
MOMKa
Y
JIHPCKHM
rreCMaMa
H
(1/207). TIecMe Koje je rreBaJIa OJ:\JIHKY
paj:\oBH: rYClle flpociiepa MepUMea y .
TeMa ce nojaBJbyje y HH3Y rrecaMa,l aJIH
6aJIaAaMH" (Caj:\HO JOB9 ja6YKe, / Io
jy ce ocehajHoIlIhy H YT}majeM XPH

eH'iJlecKoj KIbUJICeaHocillu' (CKf, 1906;

H HOBeJIa.2 HaIlIa KOMrrapaTHBHa IlIKO
BO rrolje Ha BeH'Ialbe, I fOpOM Hj:\y
IlIhaHcKHX eJIeMeHaTa.

XVII, 12); l)OH 5aypuH'i u cpiicKa Ha

JIa
6aBHJIa ce rrpOY'IaBalbeM rropeKJIa
JOBOBH CBaTOBI1). Y3 OBO HMe 06H'IHO
p.n.
pOOHa iioeauja (CKr, 1908, XXI); A
OBe TeMC H3 aHTH'IKHX (Xep0j:\OT) H
ce rrojaBJbyje )KCHCKO HMe Mapa (.cI>a
Lost Translation by Scott (The Athe
repMaHCKHX H3Bopa (crreB 0 POTepy,
JIHJIa ce Mapa Jony).
JOBAH II .nHBCKII CTAPJEmll
naeum, London; 190814212); KJI'oo (/>0
fYj:\PYHY) H H3Ha~a3HJIa Herrocpej:\He
H. M.-n.
HA. HaCJIOB rreCMe H3 BYKoBe 36HpKe
pujeJi u cpiicKa HapoqHa iioeauja
yTHQaje PO.MQHa 0 TpucillaHY Ha lbeHO
(1117) 0 rrO~OTJbHBoj MajQH Koja C Jby(CKf, 1910, XXIV); rpopuqa PoaeH
06JIHKOBalbe (rroce6HO H. EaHaIlIe"
JOBAH KPCTIITEJb HJIH IIPETE-.
6aBf!HKoM paAH CHHY 0 rJIaBH. TIplliIa
6ep'i u lbeHU MOPJla/(u (CKf, 1913);
BHh):
qA (CBCTH), CI1H jeBpejcKor cBeIlITeHH
Aa pacrrpoCTpalbeHoM Kpyry OBe TeMe
Jom jeoHa XacaHa'iuHuqa (CKf,
H. M.-n.
Ka 3axapHje. KPCTHO je Ifcyca H
Koja ce rrojaBJbyje y OKBHPY pa3JIH'IH
1920, I);.Kpacuheau ilna'iujaillu (CKF,
06jaBHo ra Kilo MCC!1jy, OJ:\ce'leHa MY je
OCHOBHOM 06JIHKy' Kao
, Tmt BpCTa:
1932, XXXV); 0 JlUKY (/>uJluiia Bum
I Yn. BYK 1/5110; EOrIlIIlHh. 6p. 38; rp: HHKonnn,

rJIaBa 2. I1JIH 29. rOj:\HHe, Ha 3axTeB

6ajKa (Aath 590), 3aTHM Kao JIHpCKa
IbUha u opy'iux 'iycJlapa (360pHHK MC
CHn IIJ CpcMa. JlHKe n EaHHje, 1I137;

I1poj:\a,
jynejcKor
uapa.
If
y
Hap0j:\HHM
6aJIaj:\a, H Haj3aj:\ Kao errCKa rreCMa. OBa
3a KlbH)KeBHO.CT H je3HK, 1954, II).
MHnaIIHlloIIIIH. tip. 1l6 ..tip. 184; EpaHKo My

neCMaMa H y IIP03HOj Tpaj:\i1QHjH, cpa

rrOCJIej:\lb~ je rroce6Ho 3aHHMJbHBa 3a
lI03H'aTe cy lberOlle H3BpcHe aHTO
IIlIiIIKH. tip. 3: B. KpacHh. tip. 16; EOBaH III/46

6yJII,!
ce
ne3yjy
3a
lberoBY
.<PYHKQHjy
HJIycTpaQHjy KapaKTepHCTH'IHe' TeJ:l
JI'Jlp.

JIornje Hap0j:\HHX rreCaMa H rrpHrrOBej:\a

KYMcTBa H 6paTHMcTBa,1 j:\apyjy My
j:\eHQHje HaIlIe YCMeHe KlbmKeBHOCTH
2 Yn. B. "lajKaHOImh. CE3 1927, XLI, 6p. 38 H
Ka, Koje cy HMaJIe BHIlIe H3j:\alba (Cpi1~
KpCTOBe OJ:\ 'IaCHora j:\pBa, KpCTe H rroc
j:\ll rrpeTBapa Y errCJ{H 06JIHK H OHe TeMe
c;'l'p.514.
CKe HapooHe. iieCMe, AHiUOJlO'iuja,
TQBe. 2 TIpeMa .KaJIeHj:\apCKHM. rroiaIa-..
. Koje rro cBojiiM OCHOBHHM oc06eHocTH
... 1922, 1923, i926, 1927, 1937;' 1979;
nalbHMa H aCOQl1jaI~l1jaMa j:\06Hja 3HM
.Ma He rrpHIIaj:\ajy errcKoj CPOPMH: .
Jrf-BOf,fJ;AH.' ErrCJIOH. rronYJIapaH
CpiicKe HapooHe iipuiioaeillKe, AHq19'
. : ,I1;0K- 6ajKa npaTH jYHaKOBe j:\o)jmBJbaje .
~ie.UH'Ii1He, JIej:\ H CHer3 (il. rrecl-fY Uap
jYIJaK' KOcOBcKor Kpyra', HCTOpHjH He
Jlo'iuja, 19,25, 1926; 1932).
. .'.
. IlYKJllllaH u Kpcmilluelb JoaaH). Y' err
C j:\:HBOBHMa H 3aCHHBa Ct< Ha ~01JfBY 0
p.n.
rr03HaT. TIo Tpaj:\HQrijH OTaQ 7te'BeT'
'CKJ;lM rreCMaMa, OH ce )'1!eK rrpH3HBa y3
CKpHBeHoj CHa3H, YBOAH BHJIY, Y:Yj:\ecHy
xpa6pHX paTHI1Ka C KojHMa 3ajej:\J:l0
60ra: Ja ce 60jl1M Eora H JOBaHa rroMohHHQY Koja oMoryhyje jYHaKY
rHHe Ha KOCOBY; BeJIHKaIlI H TaCT Qapa
JOBAIbCKE llECME. 3HMCKeo6
Ka)Ke MapKo rrpc Hero IlITO rrolje y
rr06eAY, JIHpCKa 6aJIaAa 6paHH rropo
JIa3apa 11 EaHOBHha CTpaxHlbe. Y He
peWIe rreCMe Be31lHe 3a QPKBeHH rrpa3
j:\H'lHe OJ:\Hoce. fOBOPH 0 HeBepHoj Maj6op6y ca ApanHHoM; CB. JOBaHoM ra
KHM rreCMaMa Koje 'ce He TH'IY Herro
HHK. l1aKo xpHCTHjaHH30BaHe, Y OCHO

I;
I;

i'
'111 1

I'
i\..
:1

II

I'

II

il
II

'I

106

107

I.
I

cpell;HO KOCOBCKOr 60ja, H OH H FberOBH

CHHOBH npHKasyjy ce H KaO rpaMSHBH H
OXOJIH BeJIHKalllH (3HnaFbe PasaHH
Qe, BiIHOBlIh CTpaxHJba).
r.n.

JYrOBH1i.A MAJKA. EnCKH nony

JIapaH nHK xpa6pe, YSBHmeHe MajKe
paTHHKa. Hajn03HaTHja. YMeTHH"IKH
HajycnenHja neCMa H3 BYKoBe 36HpKe
(II147) YTH[(ana je H Ha KaCHHje 3a6ene::>KeHe BapHjaHTe (Hnp. KO]:( f.
MapTHlia). 3a BHme nHcaHHX npaMa y
Hamoj KFbH::>KeBHOCTH noenY::>KHna je
Kao TeMaTCKa OCHOBa,
B. CMpUi MajKe Jy'lo6ulia.
r,n,

JYl'OBH1i.H. 110 Hapo]:(HHM neCMaMa

H Tpall;HU;HjH HajenaBHHjH KOCOBCKH
jYHanu - paTHHU;H 3a KpCT "IaCHH H
en060]:(y SJIaTny (ByK II145). HHje
]:(aH, HaKO no 0]:(06peFbY [(apa llasapa,
He ::>K.enH Aa H3QCTaHe 0]:( 60ja. CHHOBH
CTapor Jyr-Bor]:(aHa y neCMH ce 30By:
BomKO (y enCKHM neCMaMa YMeTHH
"IKH Hajycn!!JIHjH nHK nOHOCHTor paT
HHKa,. 6apjaKTapa, KOFbaHHKa, Ha ana
Ty Bac y "IHCTY snaTY), JJ;aMjaH, MH
Tap, MOMHp, HeHa]:(, HHKona, l1eTap,
BOjHH, CTjenaH.
r,n.

JYKHli, HBaB 4J)pauo (1818-1857),

cKYIIJba'l Hapo]:(HHX necaMa, Ha[(HOHan
HH pa]:(HHK, llHCa[(, <ppaFbeBa[(; nOKpe
Ta'l npBor 6ocaHCKo-xepQerOBa"lKOr
"IaCOnHCa BocaHcKH npHjaTeJb y
KOMe cy 06jaItJbHBaHe H HaponHe yMO
TBopHHe. 36HpKa HaponHHX necaMa
. KOjy je ca6pao H;mmna je nocne Fbero
Be CMpTH: HapOOHe i1jecMe 60caHCKe u
xepl,e'io6a'lKe, 1858 (npHpeAHo 'f.
'MapTHIi).
'.'
p.n.

JYIiAUII H KOlbH lbHXOBH, ~.

KYAiUYPHouclaopujcKa iipeoalba.

.JYHA'IKA JKEHlI,IU,A. Y06H'Iaje

Ha TeMa enCKe noe3Hje, "!HHH Heonxoll;
HY KapHKy y OonHKoBaFbY jYHaKoBe

enCKe 6Horpaq:mje. 3aBHCHO Oll; enoxe

y Kojej.-jYHaK ::>KHBH CBOj HCTOpHjCKH
HnH enCKH ::>KHBOT. yCTaJbyjy ce KOM

llo3l1lijfOHe cxeMe. pa3JIH"IIlITe 3a jy

HaKe cTapHjHx BpeMeHa no nponaCTH
I~apCTBa H rOCnOl\CTBa cpnCKor, H sa
jYHaKe CpenFbHX BpeMeHa - xajnYKe
H YCKOKe, np::>KeliH ce yrnaBHoM 3aXTe
Ba HCTopHjcKe CTBapHOCTH, 06WJajHHX
saKOHa cpe]:(HHe H YMeTHH"IKe <PYH
K[(HOHHCHHOCTH YCT3JbeHHX CH::>KejHHx
cerMeHaTa. Y IIPBY rpyny cnanajy TSB.
)KeHH,Q6e C npenpeK,aMa Koje ce Kpeliy
y cpe]:(FboneKOBHOM jYHa"lKOM aM6H
jeHTY, OCJHHbajyliH ce MHOro BHille Ha
o6H'IajHH KOnl<!<C cBan6eHor 06pena H
jYHa'IKY 6ajKY, Hero Ha pOnOBCKY
xepoHKy. JJ;0 H3pU)Kaja. nOJIase ja"le on
MnanO)KClbe FberOB saTO'IHHK (neBep,
saCTynHHK) H CB3TOBH, FbHXOBa Ba)K
HOCT H BCJIH'IHH8 KaTanor KOjH npen
CTaBJba cKyn H<ljeMHHeHTHHjHX Ha[(HO
HanHHX jYH3K3 y BHmeBeKOBHOM
enCKOM upeMeHY H npoCTopy, Y OBY
rpyny cnHAajy )KCHHn6e BeliHHe cpn
CKHX CPCAFbOBCKOBHHX Bnanapa H
enCKHX jYHaKa ([(apa ,[(ymaHa, necnOTa
'Byplj~ BpaHKOBHlia, 3Maja JJ;ecnOTa
BYKa, CH6HFbClHHHa JaHKa, MaKCHMa
UpHojermlia). l1ecMe TeKY npeMa
cxeMH: 1. npocHAGa H npCTeHoBaFbe; 2.
yenoBH Koje nOCTaBJba Tas6HHa C npH
KpHBeHoM nOnBanOM; 3, oTKpHBaFbe
IlO]:(Bane H npeKpmaj nOCTaBJbeHHJI;
yenoBa; 4. CB!lTOBCKH noxo]:( y3 caB
JIaljHBaFbe npenpcKa 'HnH pemaBalbe
nOCTaBn,eHHX sa]:(aTaKa; 5. . cpeliaH
HCXO]:(.
. Y npyry rpyny cna]:(ajy. neCMe 0 ::>KeHH,Q
6H jeAHor on jYHaKa HS xaj1.lY."lKe H31H
YCKo'IKe npY)KHHe, 'OTMH[(OM Hcnpome
'He ]:(eBojKe. I1pB06HTHO saCHOBaHe 'Ha
: POAOBCKOj xepO~QH, OBe. neCMt:, 60p
60M sa HCBeCTY io enCKe HenPlJj'aTeJb- .
CKe CpenHHe noGHjajy ope31e)Kje Fla:
, i~Hi)HanHHX nOIlBHra. XepojCK8. .oop6a
H3Meljy tBaTosa H CYKOG CBaKOr jynaKa
nOHMeHi-II~e C'npoTHBHH"IKHM jYHaKOM,
nOXBana je xpa6poCTH. KaKO jyiiaKa
caMHx, TaKO H H,HXOBHX ]:(pY)KHHa.

Y06H'JajCH cpehali Kpaj KpYHHcaH je

npeKpnrraBaFbeM TypcKe )1;eBojKe.

108

I'

JYHa'IKa )KCHMA6a Kao jC):IHa 0):1 HajcTa

ileCMe ce oABHJaJY npeMa KOMn03H
[(HOHOj cxeMH: 1. OnnYKa jYHaKa ]:(a
PMjHX enCKHX TeMa Ha jyroenoBeHcKoM
OTMe npomeHY AeBojKY (ys FbeH npHc
nonpY'Ijy, noceJl:yje HSBeCHe Cne[(H<pH
TaHaK ItllH Ge3 Ibera); 2. n03HBaFbe H
'IHOCT": 631MCKY ne3Y ca oGpe},'(HHM ene
oKynJbaFbe "IyBeHHX jYHaKa (Kojn 'tJHHe
MeHTHMa cBaA6eHe nHpHKe, O"lYBaHOCT
paTHH'IKo-cBaToBcKY nOBopKY); 2a.
pOnOBCKHX O]:(Hoca ys <pey]:(aJIHe )1;p)Ka
onHC npOTHBHH'IKe nOBopKe, Kao
BHWIKe BMsHje. rOTOBO nOTnyH ae)1;o
napane31HH enCKH KaTanor jyuaKa; 3.
CTaTaK 'IynecHlfx, MHTonomKHX 6Hha
nonasaK CBaTOBa, nYTOBaFbe KpOS
(ca HSYSCTKOM) Ba31a'IKa HJIH JJ;eJIHje
saceAe; 4. cycpeT H GopGa C npo
neBojKe, Koja y Hamoj xajAY"IKoj enHU;H
THBHH'IKMM Ta60poM; 5. n06eAa H
]:(oGHja oGene)Kje aMaSOHKe.
BeH"IaFbe (yn. neCMe: )KeHH]:(6a 6era
H, M,-1i,
JbyGoBHlia, fpyjHu;e HOBaKoBHlia, on
3aApa TOJl:opa). OACTYnaFba 014 OBaKBe
JYHAqKA nECMA. EncKa Hapo]:(Ha
KOMn03H[(Hje TeKy y HeKonHKO npaBa
neCMa C TeMaTHKOM 0 <pHSH"IKHM H
[(a: Ka npomHpHBaFby MOTHBHMa H3
MOpa31HHM nOJl:BH3HMa y Tpa]:(H[(Mjlf
npBe rpyne (HCTH[(aFbe jYHaIIITBa jeJl:
nonynapHHx JIH'IHOCTH.
CH)KejHM
Hor jYHaKa, caMor MJIaAO)KeFbe, KojH ce
CKJIon OBe neCMe Haj'Iemhe rpaAe 0));
60PH C QeJIHM npoTMBHM'IKHM Ta60
onmTHX, HHTepHa[(HOHa31HMX TeMa, a
pOM - BYK VII, )KeHM)1;Oa MaKcHMa
I1eCHH'IKO-H3pa)KajHH 06JIHK (KO},'( Hac
6apjaKTapa; HnH FberOBor 3aTO"leHH
Hnp. AeCeTepaI~) H Ha'IHH HSBoljeFba
Ka, BYK II, )KeHH]:(Ga CeFbaHHHa
(Hnp. ncualbe ys ryene) KapaKTepH
MBa); Ka KOHTaMHHaQHjH C TeMOM
CTWIHH cy If THnH'IHH sa noje)l;HHe Ha
OTMH[(e, C npe06na"leFbeM H npepyma
po]:(e H I10)l;pY'Ija. OBe cy neCMe HCTO
BaFbeM HS 1'pelie rpyne (yn. )KeHH1l6a
TaKO Be3<1He 3a onpeljeHa, HCTOPHjCKH
MBaHa PHmFbaHHHa, BYK IIII34, CesHallajHa, 36HBa1b3,H nOSHaTe 31H'IHO
, crpa 'DYPKOBHb Cepnapa, BYK III172);
H Ka ynpomliaBaFbY cxeMe, Hnp. OTMH
CTH. 0 CT~PHjHM ]:(eraljajHMa HMajy
U;OM ]:(eBOjKe IlOMOhy nalje C TproBH
SHme omllTHX MOTHBa, 0 HOBHjHM
HOM (yn. )KeHH1l;6a JOBe BY]:(HMnHje).
HCTOPHjCKHM TeM!lMa H nH'lHOCTHMa,
Tpelia rpyna KOPHCTH cxeMY GopaBKa
OC06HTO 0]:( ]:(pyre non. XIX B. BHme
npOCHOQa Y },'(eBoj"lHHoj KyliH, HnH Kao
neBajy XpOHH'IaPCKe neCMe. Ha no
sap06JbeHHKa y TaMHHQH, HJIH Kao
lIeTKY CBora p3));a BYK HX je HaSHBao u
HSMeliapC'l C~ . },'(OCTa HOBeJlHCTH"IKHX
MYUIKe. Y noenenlbeM HS)1;aFbY p:ecaMa,
]:(eTa;lha, mapemrna H BeApHHe, Hane
I1peMa HCTOPHjCKHM, KpHTepJ,ljYMHMa,
TOCTH y HeO'leKHBaHHM nCHXonOmKHM
']:(eJIH jYHa'IKe neCMe Ha: ileCMe cUiapu
oGpT~Ma, OBe neCMe HMajy MaFbH 6poj
, jm:: 6peMeHa, 0 jYHa[(HMa H AoraljajHMa
nH[(a H rooope, 06H'tJHO y npBOM nna
));0 Kpaja XV B., AO nponaCTH caMo~
ny, 0 ycaMJbeHOM jYHaKY KOjH npocH
CTanHHX cpe)1;FboBeKOBHHX )1;p::>KaBa (II
. ::>Keily H3 hPOTHBHH'IKOr iaGopa. KOMKIb.); cpeolbux 6pe.MeHa, 0 sGHBaFbHMa
110SH[(HOHa cxeMa ca]:(p)KH: 1. o]:(nasaK
)1;0 no"l. XVIII B: xaj)1;Y"lKo-ycKo"lKe
no AeBojKY; 2. rq,epymaBaFbe HJIH sapo
(jopGe (III KFb.); M iieCMe 1lO6ujUX 6pe
6JbaBaFbe GYHaK y ynosH npepymeHor
ioIeHa, ycr3HH'IKa paToBaFba'(IY KFb.).
enyre nOKywaBa ):Iii nolje'},'(o AeBOjKe,'
.' B. Ei'i(:Kll YCMeHa iieCMa; JfciUopujcKa
. HJIH ra AeBojKli oenoGalja' HS TaMHHQe
. etlCK.a Hapo.oHa iiecMa.
Koje je YCYT },'(orta~); 3,'npenosHaBaFbe,
p.n.
OTMH[(~, 6eK.CTBO; 4. rOIheI&.e H cpehaH' .
Kpaj (TlillH"lHH. npHM~pH: 06e BapM
.JYPJEBCKE nECME, B. 'Byp!Je6cKe
jaHTe' )KeHif1(Ge JaHR:OBHh CTojaHa,
BYK IIII22 H 23).
11ec.Me.

109
...

H
KA.lKA. Y cpnCKoj HaYQH 0 Hapo~Hoj
KfbIDKeBHOCTH, y06H'lajeH Ha3HB 3a
iipeoa1-be (B. 'BypHIi, AHiii.Q/lOzuja Ha
POOHUX ilpuiloeeoaTca), Haj'lelllhe CH
HOHHM 3a cKacKY H .lZeZeHoy (DaBJIe
DonoBHIi, llpe2.1Zeo cpiicKe K1-bWICe6HO
cmu, Beorpan, 1909. H M. KHe)KeBHh,
Bpcwe Haute HapOOHe iipoae, }}KfbH
)KeBHH ceBep, Cy60THQa, 1934, X); no
BYKY, OHO lllTO ce Ka)Ke XBaJIa TH Ha
Ka)KH (Pje'iHUK, 1818).
It M.-n.

KA3HBA lI. Y061f'l.ajeH Ha3HB 3a 1:13

oo.l)a'la YCMeHe np03e HJlH CTHXOBa Ka~

OBH I:JHCY neBaHH. JOlll BYK npaBH pa3

JIHKY H3Me~y neBaHe H Ka3HBaHe ne

CMe, ~eHTHq)l:lKyjyhH nojaM Ka3HBa'la

c.a CTBapaoQeM KOjH >ma3H Ha peA H Ha

MHCJIJ:f (npe~ronop I KfbH3H JIajnQH7
lllKor I:I3nafba).

Ii. M.-n.

KAHI.J:A. JIHK H3 enCKHX HapOnHHX

necaMa; MJIan, JIen H xpa6ap BojBona
necnOTa 'Byp~a BpaHKoBHlia, KOjH Y
jYHa'iKoj HrpH HanMeTHe Ma.l)apa
CH6HfbaHHHa JaHKa, Te fa onaj Ha Bepy
y6Hja (necMa CMpT BojBone KaHQe,
ByK III81, C Ay60KHM eMOQHjaMa
He)KHe Jhy6aBH H Tyre. CTapor ::Byp~a
BpaHKOBHha 3a MJIaAHM BojBonoM).
KaHQ!). je HCTOPHjCKH Hen03HaT; y
HeKHM CT~PHjHM necMaMa (EpJIimreH
CKH PYKOnHC) jaBJha ce Kao Mll.PTOJICl3,
C ~OnaTHHM HMeHoM Pao01ba.
..'

,.

p.n.

6ecnOMoliHOM Te)KfbOM ~a MarnjCKHM

AeJIOBafbeM oCTBapH lllTO 60raTHjH
po~. Kao neo arpapHor KYJITa H 60
)KaHCTBa nJIOAHOCTH, Y OBHM ce 06pe
AHMa H neCMaMa Onp)KaJIo celiafbe Ha
BereTaQHjcKO 60)KaHCTBO Koje CBaKe
ronHHe YMHpe' H YCKpcaBa.
VlcKa3HIJ<lfbe ~06PHX )KeJha y3 HMHTa- .
THBH)' MarHjy OCHOB je CBID: necaMa' en
nOCTa n03HHjHx, xpHcTHjaHH30BaHHX
nonYHa. KacHHje cy ce Be3aJIe 3a XPH
lllhaHcKe npa3HHKe.
DpeMa H<lCTaHKY, )KHBOT}' H HaMeHH
AeJIe ce Ha neCMe 3HMCKor H JIeTfber
nepHo~a; Ha 'leTHpH rpyne, npeMa
rO~HlllfbHM ~06HMa HJlH Ha neCMe nBa
nepHo~a 3eMJhOpanHH'lKHX nOCJIOBa:
cejafba, rajefba H Ca6Hpafba nJIO~OBa.
'Kon Hac, Kao H KOn APYrnx eBponcKHX
HapOna, 6pojHHje cy neCMe npBe rpyne,
Koje npaTe CYHtleB nYT H pa3Boj Bere
TaQHje: KOJIenapCKe (60)KHliHe), BOnH
'mpcKe (60rojaBJheHcKe), neCMe Ha
paHHJIy,KaJIHHapcKe,~yp~eBC~e,JIa3a

pHtlKe, YCKplllfbe (BeJIHrnaHcKe), cna

COBCKe, KpaJhHtlKe, HBafbCKe, nOnOJI
CKe, KPCTOHOlllxe.

p.n.

KAJIHHAPCKE nECME. 06penHe

neCMe 3HMcxor nepHo~a. Hajn~e, AO ,
nO'leTKa neKa, 3anp)KaJIe cy. ce' Y
CHpHHHliy, Ha KQCOBY. Denajr HX
nenojKe 'TOKOM jaHyapa" 'no xyliaMa,
nOMaliHHY H YKyliaHHMa, CBetlaHO one
neHe; jenHa lllTO m)CR,KYneJhY 3a noja
COM nPenCT~BJha HeBeCTy, ~~e C 6p.ana- .
Ma npenC1'8 ajy CTap~a. .
p.n: .

BJh

'KAJIEH~APCKE IIECME. OGpen

He 'HaponHe necife Be3aHe 3a npOCJI~
BJhafbe ronHIIIfbHX npOMeHa Y npHpO
~H, Y Be3H ca HCKYCTBHMa 'lOBeKa

KAUETAHOBIffi,. :JbyoywaK Mex

Me~ (y. 1902), ca6HpatI rpa~e H3 Ha
ponHor )KHBOTa H HapoAHHX YMOTBQ

npaHCKOHCKor paTapa H lberOBOM

pVlHa no BOCHVI VI XepneroBHHH; H3):\ao

111

CnaXHjaMa KojH nO'IMIbY ceqy KHe30Ba,

AO npenBOAHHKa nOBeneHor HapO):lHOr
YCTaHKa:

je AeJIO Hapoc)Ho 6I1a'io, 36HPKY Hapo

AHHX neCaMa, npHnOBenaKa H nOCJIOBH
n;a, KaO H BHDIe pa3JlH"lHTHX 6poIIIypa.

'I

!',I1,

I'.ll.

KAPAMAH, ):lMHTap (cpen. XVI B.),

neBaq HaponHHX necaMa y3 npaTlby
)KHqaHOr HHCTpYMeHTa, Ma!>apCKH
XpOHHqap THHonH JIaHToIII ille6ew
heH ra HaBOnH 1554. Kao Haj60Jber
neBaqa cpncKHM Ha'lHHOM, y l\eJIOM
EpAeJbY

Kat) je r,mp/je Cpfi.fbe yafiynuo

H t: TypllllAla ReAe 3aooouo,
OH()a Dapbe upo/je ICP03 naxuje,

KAnH)lAH, KY3Mau, MaKenOHCKH

cepnap H3 npBe nOJI. XIX B., Y BpeMe
OXpHnCKor rocnonapa UeJIanHH-6era.
OMIDheH jYHaK MaKenOHCKHX HapOn
HHX necaMa (360pHHK K. illallKapeBa,
1891, 6p. 377-378, 482). Bopal\ npOTIm
pa360jHHqKHX qeTa, 3aIIITHTHHK Hapo
na. TIecMe 0 lbeMY najy sePHY HCTOPHj
CKY CJIHKY TeIIIKOr HaCHJha, HapOqHTO
Y 3ananHoj MaKenoHHjH. IherOB JYHaq
KH JIHK HHcnHpHcao je BacHJha HJboc
Kor ):Ia HanHIIIe npaMj Ky3MaH Kauu
oaH, a rpHrOpa TIpJlH"leBa ):Ia ra HaCJIH
Ka Y neCMH Cepoapom.

TelllKO Cpfi.fbe c TyplIIlMa auauou,

TYPI!u AlI/CJle ()a je paja utaJla,
AJI' je paja ipa()oRIIAla zJluau;
Ycilia paja KO 1/.1 ,)e,II.fbe iilpuau,

p.n,

Y npyroj BapHjaHTH (H3l.(pHe rope) Y

lIPBOM, MaHY je JIH'IHH nOnBHr Kapa
!>op!>eB C TypI~HMa-3ynYMhapHMa, npe
Ma enCKH OMHJbeHOM MOTHBY OTMHl\a
HeBecre 0):1 CBaTOBa:

KAPAI,IHli, "IaCOnHC 3a cpncKH Ha

PO):lHH )I(HBOT, 06Hqaje H npe):lalba
(AneKCHHal\, 1899-1904). TIoKpeTa'I,
H3naBa'I H rJl. ype):lHHK THXOMHP
'Bop!>eBHli; Capa):lHHl\H CBH BIDKHHjH
Hcrpa)l(HBaqH cpncKor cpOJIKnOpa OHO
ra BpeMeHa, 'tJaconHc OCTaBHO 3Ha"la
jaH 1'par 6PIDKJbHBO caKynJbeHOM rpa
!>OM,

o Dop/j//je. nmjeifl/lL/ tiiu /wpou!

H, M.-'!>,

Kojll 3HLu)elll 3a '(aCm II uOUliile1be,

H ()CiliaRIl di()AlI!H fljl!K08Uiilu,

Jl.1I CI! 3Hlu)e KY() CIt i'p(}/laauo.

KAPABErOBHD, H6po, (XIX a.),

enCKH neaaq MYCJIHMaHCKHX KpajH
IIIKHX necaMa H3 KaMeHrpana, Koje je
CKJIanHO neBao H Ka3lmaO y3 TaM6ypy;
6erOBCKH neBaq 0):1 Kora je JIYKa Map
jaHoaHil 3aoeJIe}l(H0 1887. 3HaTaH 6poj
necaMa (MaTHn;a xpBaTcKa,lI Klb.).
,

Kpaja npOIIIJlOr H nO'leTKa OBora BeKa,

Hnp. y 36!!g.IUI H. llIaynHha HAp.

H. M.-1>.

BeliHHH nj::caMa Kap~!>op!>e je ,one

BaH KaO YCTaHH'IKH BO!> KOjH ynpaBJba
BojBonaMa H npe):lBOnH oKpIIIaje:

B. MYCilUMaHcKe uecMe.
p.n
KAPA'BOP'BE nETPOBHD, UP

HH 'BOPDE (1752~1817), apxoBHH

ao:z,n; npBOr cpncKor yCTaHKa; yqeCHHK

y OCJlo60):lHJIaqKHM paTOBHMa y ayc

Tp~CKOM BojeBalbY KpajeM XVIII

, a" cppajKop, 3a HapOnHor BO!>y H3a~

6paH cpe6pyapa 1804. TIoCJIe yrymelba

ycraHKa 1813. npeIIIao y Aycrp!;ljy, a

nOTOM y j}'}Ktry Pyc~jy, TIo noapaTKY'y

Cp6Hjy y6Hj~H Y .PanOB~lLCKOM JIyry,
Y HaponHHM neCMaMa 0 6op6aMa 3a
,ocJIo60!>clbe Cp6Hje. oneBa ceo Kao
, BPXOBHH KOMaH):\a~, Hajn.oTllykBje y
ne~M~TIo~eTaK 6ype ~poTHB,naxH
ja, y'qpe 'BapIijaHTe (BYK IVl24, 25). y ..
encKH pa3BHjeHHjoj'H )'l4eTHH'tlim ycne
JIHjOj neCMH, KOjy je BYK 0):1 (). 'BH
IIIIbHna 3a6ene}l{H0, Kapa!>op!>e ce'
oneaa HcrOpHjCKH aepHHje; lberoaH
cYK06H CTypn;HMa npepaCTajy O/:( noje
nHHa'lHOr nOnBHra y TOnOJlH, y cyKo6y

lJeciiio laMlil! aI!AI.fbY lipe/lllaUUle

Of) ToiiOlU! ceJll/ iioHlJcuiUa
Ot) oHoill nl!iUpof!uhll DOp/jU,
O() Dop/jllje /I() Cpfil/je iJluae
. Ha zocii()()y II na flojl!fl()()e,

112

(BYK IVI27)

pnCKH YCTaJbeHHM Ha'1HHOM Kapa!>op

!>Y BHJIe HajaBJbyjy 3Ha'lajHa 36HBaiba
(MYCTaj-6er H Kapa-'Bop!>itje,
IV/38) Cll cpenHHM HJIH HenOBOJbHHM
HCXOnOM (PaCTaHaK Kapa!>0P!>HJa ca
Cp6HjOM, IV/40), KaoH KO):l Bnanapa
- jYHaKa necaMa crapHjHX BpeMella
MeCTO,Kapa!>op!>a, Hlj. MerAaH C HenpH-'
jaTeJbeM: U;PHHM' ApanHHOM, H3na3H
~eroB ',3aMf;:HH.K-3aTOqHHK (JIa3ap
Myian H. ApamiH, IV/39). Y3 Kapa
1J0p~a Kpyr Ha:joMHJbeHHjHx enCKHX'
jYHaKa 'IHHe lberOBe BojBone: CTOjaJI
'tJynHn, MHJlOIII CTojHqeBHn H JIa3ap
MYTaII,
o Kapabopby neBajy H ):Ipyre HOBHje
enCKe HapOnHe neCMe, y 3aIlHCHMa C

KAPAI,IMli-BYKOMAHOBMli,
MaHa (1828-1894), CJIHKap ~ KIbH:iKeB
HHK, KnH BYKa KapaJ,lHha. EHJIa je
nOMaraq BYKOB, ceKpeTap, capa):lHHK H
npeBOnHJIal\ HaIIIHX HapOnHHX npHno
BenaKa' Ha .HeMaqKH je3HK. Y):IaTa 3a
AneKcy BYKoMaHoBHlia, npocpecopa
BeJlHKe WKone. YcrynHJIa je cpncKoj
np)KaBH BYKOily ocraBIIITHHY H panHJIa
Ha lbeHOM cpe!>HBaIbY. BHJIa je IIP.H
jaTeJbHl\a neCHHKHlbe MHJIHl\e CToja~
nHHOBHh CpnKHlbe, Koja je BYKY cnana
onHce ljapO):lHHX 06Hqaja. npHnOBeTKe,
HaponHe neCMe H pe'lH,

P.n,
KAPAI,IH~ B)'K CT~.paHoBHIl
(P87-1864), HaY'IHHK, KYJIT)'PHH pe-
cpopMaTop, po!>eH y TpIIIHliy. H3Y
'1mIlJiH' 6YKBap, 'tJa'CJIOBal\' H ):IerrOM
nCaJITHp y JI03HHl\H H TPOHOIIIH, By,K
1805-1806. 60paBH Y"~aplloBUHMa,
yn03Haje cnoBeHcKY,' HeMa'lKY Ii mi~
THHCKY rpaMaTlIKy; Y'lHTeJb My je
JIYKHjaH MYIIIHl\KH, TIocne HenOcpen
Hor Y"leIIIha y npBOM cpnCKOM ycraH
KY, nocraje on 1808-1809. !>aK BenHKe
lUKOJle y BeOI'Pany; Y'IHTeJhH cY MY

HBaH JynmHh H CHMa MHnYTHHOBHh,

Y cBojo,i MnanOCTH, BYK je H nHcap
1)0p!>a 'jiYP'IHje H JaKOBa HeHa
}:IODHha, 3aTHM mrcap H "IHHOBHHK
TIpaBHTCJbCTByjYIlI'Ier cOBjeTa, Ornep
BaH 60JIeIIIliy oAna3H y HOBH Can,
EY):lHM, I1enITY - rne ce Yn03Haje C JJ,.
JJ,aBHnOlmfieM, JJ" ()pywHheM, C.
MpKaJbeM, 3aTHM C JI, MHnOBaHOBHM.
I1PH noapaTKy y Cp6Hjy, Kao np)l(aBHH
'lHHOBHHK. yn03Haje )I(HBOT H HCTOqHe
H 3ananHC Cp6HjC; HenpeCTaHO nYTyje,
Apyryje C XajnYK-BeJbKOM, n03Haje ce
ca CBHM c-rapewHHaMa npBor cpnCKor
YCTaHKa. IlocJIe nponacTH YCTaHKa, no
}:IOJIacKY y Ee l ( i813, cpelie ce C
KonHTapOM, KojH ce Beli yn03Hao ca
BYKOBOM KIbHrOM 0 JbY):lHMa npBor
cpncKor yCTaHKa. H:.HXOBO HenoMy
lieHO npH.iaTeJbCTBO H KonHTapOBH
IIno):lOHoCHH lIOncTHI~ajH BYKY 1'pajy
CBe no KonHTapOBe CMpTH. BYK je y
Be'IY nposeo HajBeim neo )KlmOTa H
yMpO, Ty ce BeliHHOM onBHja Ibero:ea
HaY'IHa H KIbH)I(CBHa ):IeJIaTHOCT, Ma):la
nOCTa nYTyje (HeMa'lKa, PycHja, rOTO
80 CBH KpajeBH Hawe 3eMJhe),
TIpHjaTeJbyje H nonHcyje ce C MHorHM
yrne):lHHM HaY'IHHl~HMa H KlLH)I(eB
HH1~HMa
EBpone OHOra apeM~Ha
(KapaM3HH, )l(YKOBCKH, KeneH, J,
fPHM, EPaTep, feTe, Hane:z,n;HH). TIo
cile nyrHx 60p6H H ocnopaBalba nO"le
. Kao n06e):ly CBOjHx Hneja H .n,o~eo
3Ha'mjHa npH3Haiba y <;BeTy ()J.OKTOp
jeHcKor yiIHBep3HTeTa, ):IOIlHCHH "InaH
MHOrHX eBpo'nCKH,X ,Y'leH)ri: npYIIITaBa
.
H aKane~Ulja HaYKa),
MMao je BenHKH 6poj cllen6eHHKa y
HaY'IHoM'pany H' y. oCHoBHHM KOHl\en~
ltHjaMa cuor KIbH)I(eBHOr pana. BY!:,OB
paJ\ YTHllao je Ha CBe jyrOCJIOBeHCKe
HapOne, ,IJIH H Ha OnHOC npeMa HapOn
.HOj KIbH)Ke'BHocrH y EaponH, 'OH je:
.. npBH'He cat.1o,cHc;,:eMaTCJpi cKynJbaO H
H3):1aBaQ HaflO}:lHe ne<:Me H npHnOBet
Ke; Kao H }:Ipyre YMOTBopHlie, Ben je Ii
3a'ieTHHK 'KIbH)I(eaHO~HCTopHjcKm'. H
TeopHjcKHX H3Y'laaalba HaIIIe YCMeHe
KlbH)I(eSHOCTH Ha OCHOBY caor n03Ha
Balba IbCHHX oJ(JIHKa, pacnpocrpalbe
Hocrlf If Ha'IHHa )I(lfBOTa If npeHOIIIe

113

"

Iii

neClMa Y IW)K!lIlHOM H3;n;afbY (V-IX,

fba, Kao H fbeHe ynore Y YCMeHoj Kyn
TypH. OH je npBH BenHKaH cpnCKe Kyn
1897-19(2), Y KOMcje H3;n;aH>e H31866.
Type XIX BeKa: TBopau HajcaBpIlleHHje
[JonYfbeHo )!(CHCKI1M neCMaMa 113
a3GyKe H <poHeTcKor npaBOTl'I'iCa; OCHH
BYKOBHX PYKOJlHcn: y OCTane 'leTHpH
Baq MO;n;epHor KfblDKeBHor je3HKa ca3
KfbHre oneT je "pacnope;n; necaMa
. AaHor OA :lImBOr HapoAHor rOBopa;
YJlClUea npel\ia ByKOBY TeMaTCKO
micau npBe cpnCKe rpaMaTHKe Hapo
-xpOHonOlllKOM pe;n;y. If300p HHje
;n;Hor je3HKa (nUCM.eHUlla, 1814) H
1HTonorlljcKIi Y BYKOBOM CMHcny, anH
npBor peqHHKa (CpiiCKU pje'lHUK,
cy y3 1i3aOpaHY IlcnoBIiTY PYKonHcHY
1818, 1852); OCHHBaq HaYKe 0 HaIlleM
necMY }laTC cpa6yne cna6HjHx Bapl1jaH
je3HKY, npBH ;n;HjaneKTonor (0 oco6u
TH. I10pclI npHlloBclIaKa. 3arOHeTaK8 H
1laM.a i080pa oy6p08a'lKOl, 60KOKO
T10CnOBI1IIH. H3118TH cy BYKOBH rpa
iUOpc/COl U lIPHO'iOPCKO'i, 1836); OCHH
M1TI1'IKH H J1(mCMWIKH cnHcH; CKy
Baq KfbH)KeBHe KpHTHKe KO;n; Cp6a
IlJbeHH HCTOPHjCKH eTHorpa<pcKH cnH
(peL\eH3Hja Ha YcaM.lbeHo'l jYHOUlY,
CH. )KHBOT H 0611'Iajl1 HapO;n;a cpncKor,
1815); 3aqeTHHK HaUHOHaJIHHX HaYKa:
K1O H ~ellcT KH,llr1 BYKoBe npenHcKe.
eTHorpaqmje H eTHonomje (Montene
I10BO;I:lOM CToroJIHlUfbHL\e BYKoBe
gro und Montenegriner, 1837, )/(u8oili
CMpTH y npHllpcMH je QenoKynHo
U o6u'laju Hapooa CpiiCKO'l); reo
,KPHTH'IKO H3;I:1aH,C BYKOBHX ~ena. ,,1-1:3
rpaqlHje (reo'ipa<jJu'lecKo-ciliailiuciUu

Heo6jaBn,cHHx PYKonHca CAHY je

'leCKO oiiucaHuje Cp6uje, 1826; I1M.eHa

H31\aJ1a 'ICTHPH KfbHre necaMa.

cella Y Cp6uju U38aH iialUallYKa 6uo

B. Jlajii11llUlKO 113()albe; 5e'lKO U30albe;

'ipaOcKo'l, 1827). I1PBH opHnmanHH

.ap.JlCtlBHO 1130llIbC; KoiiuiIiap, .IepHej.

nHCaL\ caBpeMeHe HCTopHje 0 30HBa

P. n. - H. M.-"S.
fbHMa y KojHMa je Y'leCTBoBao H nHq
HOCTHMa Koje je n03HaBao ()/(uiliuje
ajoYK BelbKa neilipo6ulia, 1815); np6a
KAPJI08IIn, IInaD (y. 1531), 6aH
'ioOUHa CpiiCKO'i 8oje8alba HQ oauje,
lI:pBaTCKo-~anM1THHCKo-cnaBOHCKH,
1827; MUIIOlU 06peHo8uli KHe3 Cp6u
OMHJbeH jYHaK Hnp0;n;HHX necaMa H3
je, UIIU 'ipa!Ja 3a cpiicKY uciUopujy Ha
,!J,1nMaL\lljc H XpBaTcKe. Y 60p6H npb
lUe'ia 8peM.eHa, 1828; Oco6uilia 'ipalja
THB TypaKa y JIHL\H H Kp6aBH, ocna
_.
3a CPUCKY UClUOPU}Y HalUe?a 8peM.eH(1.,
fbao ce Ha MnCTH'IKY nOMoh. 0 fbeMY
1831; JJ.py'la 'loouHa CpiiCKO'i 8oje6alba
neBajy 6yrapIIITH~le. a OCOOHTO enCKe
Ha oauje, 1833; 0 cilialbY Cp6a y Xep
H nHpcKc neCMC, "IeCTO C Jby6aBHoM
Ile'io8wtu iloo Allu-iialUOM. Cilio'leTeMaTHKo.M.
8ulieM., 1834). I1peBeo je CBeTo nHCMO
P.Il,
(H06U 3aejeili, 1847) Ha HapO;n;HH je
3HK.

KATAJIOr JYHAKA. Pel;)aibe H,MeBYK je CKOPO nona BelCa ca6Hpao H

Ha H oJlnHKa jYHaKa, y OKBHpHMa
H3;n;aBao HaIlle HapO;n;He' YMoTBopHHe:
MaAa ilpo<;ilioHapoolba CIlaeeHo-cep6,3lKOHHTOCTH enCKe .nQ('T~Ke, qeC;TO Y .
CKa iljecHapu1la, 1814; Ha'pooHa cpilcKa
HaIllHM. enCKHM neCMaMa; YMHOroM
iljecHapu1la, 1815; CpilcKe HapooHe'
;n;onpHHocH neB~'IY Y rpal)e~y enCRe
iljecM.e (I-tV, JI:ajnL\HIllKo H3;n;alhe,
aTMoccpepe. HaJ'IeIllhe pe;n;OCJIe;n; H):le
182~1833; I-IV, Be'IKO'H3;n;aH>e, 1841;. npeMa ef!cKoj Cnal3M, ?e3 o63.Hpa Ha
1862); CpiicKe' HapooHe ilocJloeUlle 'u
xpOHOnOrllKY 1I0Be3aHOCT; je;n;HaKo Y
opyzl!'> pa3llU'lHe KCl.O OHe y 06u'laj .' . "ynqTpeoH H KOn CTapHj!'IX H KOn HOBH
. Y3eiUe puje'lu, l834: ~3 FnerOBe 60raTe
. jHX lJeC8Ma. HUp.. ),KeHH;n;6~ '0J!: 3aApa
3aoc:raBIllTHHe H3;n;aTa je x:H.Hra :JKeHTo;n;opa (J3YK II1124), I10qeTaK 6yRe .
CKHX necaMa H3 XepL\~rOBHHe 1866
npoTHB }.I!lxHja (BYK IVI24).
(;n;06HjeHa o;n; B. Bp~eBHha, upHnpeB. AHaXpOHl13aM..
MHO je BYK), a 3aTHM neT KH>Hra
p.n.

.-

114

KA ~1fl't-MII 0 UIUn, AIIJ!:pHja (17041760), KfbH)!{eBHHK, cppafbeBaL\, rrHcaL\

XpOHI1Ke rJIaBHHjHx ;f\orat;aja 113 npo
UJnOCTH JY)KHHX CnoBeHa H OKonHHX
HapO;f\a, Pa3lo60p y'lOOHU Hapooa
C.!W8UHc1Co'ia (MJTCQH, 1756), y CTHXy If

np03H; TOKOM CTO ne;n;eceT rO;I:lHHa

Hajn03HaTlija KfbHra (iluCM.apU1la) y
3ana;I:lHHM o6J1acTHMa cpncKoxpBaT
CKor je3HqKOr no;o;pY'lja Koja je HMana
BenHKM 6poj H3}:1afba. rp~y 3a CBOjy
XPOHHKY je Y3HMao H3 nHCaHHX ;O;OMa

hHx H cTpaHHx H3Bopa. anH H H3 Hapo

;I:lHe Tpa)J,HL\I1je; neCMe je Hcnenao Y

;n;eceTepL\Y C PHMOM, KopHCTehH ce

YCTaJbeHHM, CPOPMYJlHHM H3pa3HMa

HapO}:lHOr enCKor neBafba H noeTCKHM

je3liKoM, lIlTO je )J,onpHHeno nonynap

HOCTH )J,eJIa. OH je Y Pa3'io6opy 06ja

BHO H ManH 6poj H3BOpHHX HapO;n;HHX

necaMa (0 rpa;I:ly 3a}:lBapjy, 0 ;I:lparo
MaH-}:IeBojL\H. 0 )KeHH}:I6H CH6HIbaHH

Ha JaHKa) .

An6epTo <POPTHC je y3 "XacaHarHHH

L\Y" 06j!lBHO H TpH npeBe;n;eHe KaqH

heBe neCMe c~aTpajyhH !'IX Hap01\HHM;

.KacHHje OHe yna3e Y Xep;n;epOBY 36HP

. Ky H rrpeBO;I:le ce H Ha ;n;py.re je3HKe.
.

P.Il.

nOBH cy My 06jallJl,HBaHH no qaCOnHCH

Ma H y KH,Hr1Ma I1cifiopuja u iioe3uja y

HapO()Hoj Kfbll.JlCef1HOciUu (1974) H

021leOIl.

p.n.

KlInA, nHCT 31 many, 3aoaBY H exyn

Jbafbe HapO)J,HHX YMOTBopHHa, He

1\CJbHHK. HHlII-Eeorpa1\, 1/1905. Y

fbeMY jc caKYIIJbeaa )J,OCTa 60raTa

rpal)a, H<lPO'IHTO UJaJbHBe npHqe H

aHer;n;OTC, KaKO H3 ceOCKor TaIFo H H3

rpa;n;CKor )KHBOTa.
H.M.-'S.

KJIAllYUIA. OMHJbeH enCKH nOKanH-

1'eT. 13e3HH 3a paTHH'lKe nO;I:lBHre MYC

nHMaHCKHX KpajHIllKHx jYHaKa H fbHXO

Be 60p6e ca YCKOL\HMa H3 PaBHHX

KOTapa.

P.

n.

KJIAlLAJIII~A. ilHpCKa HapO;I:lHa

neCMa. Haj'lemhe O)J, ocaM cnoroBa,

KOjy cnellm.\ neBa ;I:la 6H )J,06HO MHJlO

CTHfby. MaKo Y xpHIllhaHcKcrMopa

nHCTH'IKOM Toay, OHa HCKa3yje H HC

KpeHO ocehafbe Tyre: Ha;n; CY;I:l6HHOM.

P.Il.

KEJIEMIIHA, Jaxo6 (1812-1957),

KJIETBA. I1ocpe;n;HO HJlH Henocpe1\Ho

repMaHHCT, cnaBHCT H eTHoll'acp, IIpo

H3pe'leH(l, ca)KeTa HJlH neCHHqKH pa3 ..
cpecop Jhy6JbaHCKOr YHHBep3HTeTa.
BHjeHa, Haj'lemhe PHTMHqKH y06J1H

. MCTpa)KHBao nopeKno npe)J,afba 0

'leHa )Kellia. I1pH3HBa 3no Ha OHora

TpHcTaHY, npeMa Cpe}:lfbOBeKoBHHM.

KOMe (OHO 'IeMy) ce ynyhyje. lbpe

rrecMaMa (Geschichte der Tristan Sage

'leHa C jaKHM eMOTHBHHM HHTeH3HTe

nach dell Dichtungen des Mittelalters,

TOM. Beli&lHOM Kao 3ryCHYTO ocehafbe

1923), BaBHo ce cpo:mrnopoM H OHO-'

Mp)Kfbe,.Y cp;n;HToj .HeMofiH, Kao OCBeTa

MaCTHKOM. 06jaBHp 3HaqajHY 36HpKy

HilH Kao npeBeHTHBHO cpe;n;CTBO npeT-.

Bajke in pripovedke slovellskega ljud

fbe, 3aCHHBa CC Ha BepOBalhY Y MarH

SIVa, 1930.
JCKY Moh pe'!H. MMa H HapOqHTHX cpop

H.M.-'S.
Myna KojHMa ce cY36Hja. Ynyhyje ce

cTBapHM<I, 6HJbY H )KHBOTl1lhaMa, .ami

KlIJIIIBAP.IlA, HODaK (pol;)eH 1934),
npe c~ern Jby;n;HMa. BeoMa je pacrrpocHCTQPRl.lap KfbH)!{eBHOCTH, nHC8l\, npoTpafbeH\l H HMa .pa3HoBpcHe ynore y
cpecop. BaBH ce H3yqaBafbeM Hapo]:\He.
Hap01\Hoj rieo3HjH. nojaBJbyje ce Kao .
~H)!{eBHqCTH (noKTOpCKl.l ;n;HCePTaL\H. YBO;n;"Ha cpopMyna y HenpHj~THa ~OH- .
:ja:' 50iolby61leiiipaHoeuli KaQ' calC)'- .. .lI<1Jha. HJlH ~ao H,HXOD IOOMellTap~ O~ .
ilIba'l HtlPOOHUX iiecaM..a, 1914). HaJIM"'Knc KH,Hra. 'BfiTPOM' caropena 1dJlH
cao je npBe KOMeHTape lherOIlleBor
' "Bor T"YOHO ,CaBo B01\O! (KYHe MJla
OiJleOaJla CpilCKO'l; 06jaBHo KH>Hry
)J,Hh peKy. KOjy Huje fo,wrao nperIJIHBa
H360pa 6yraplllTHua ca yBo;n;oM; paTil). KJleTBa rrpH TOM HMa H CPYHR;L\Hjy

115

HHTeH3HBHor 5y~eIba IImKIbe 11 YIIyhll

BaIba Ha CYlllTHHY Aoraljaja: ,UeBojKa
je 'lapHe O'IH KJleJla, 'lapHe O'IM Aa He
6M rJleAaJIe!
KJleTBa Y encKoj noe3HjH liMa IIpe
yJlory nCMXOJlOlllKOr nOACTHI.{aja 3a
caMY paAIbY KOjOj je HeonxoAaH eMOTM
BaH MMnYJlC, Hero q:,YHKUHjy YCJlOBHOr
npH3MBaIba Hecpehe M HaJla3H ce
M3Meljy 3aKJleTBe M KJleTBe.

Y Jby5aBHoj IJoe3HjH 'leCTO ce y 05J1H

Ky KJIeTBC H3PH'1C 5JIarOCJlOB.

TIo ja'IHHIf H 'l'C)KHHH IIOCJIeAHua Haj

1'e)Ka je ncnoj'IHHiI KJIe1'Ba, 3a1'HM Maj

IlHHa.' '

H,M,-1;'

KHE)I{EBlIll, IIBaH, KHe3 1180 on

,CcMoepHje (OKO t 760-1840),. CPIICKH
KHe3 y CCM5eplfjlf. Y'leCTBoBao y MHO
rHM 50poaMa npoTHB TypaKa. OTKY
IIIf 0 300 3apo5JbCHHKa OA TypaKa
(1806), YJlO)KIfBIIIH Y OTKyII BeJlHKIf Aeo
cDoje JlH'IHe HMOBHHe. <PHJlHn BHill
fblfh je OIlCl3aO H,crOB nJIeMeHHT reCT H
JIHK Y HapO).{Hoj nCCMH (BYK, IVl29).
r,n,

( Ka/co Ilac je aalCllUH>aO Klle:1lCe,

aalCllUH>aO UpOICIlUH>aO Ibyiilo)

Ko je Cp6uIl U CpucKoza pooa,

U 00 cpiklCe Kpl3U U lColleHa,

a Ile OOUlO Ila 60j /la Kocol3o,

Ile UMao 00 Cplja uopooa,

IlU MYUllCoia IlU oel3oja'lKoia!

00 pYlCe .My lluUliila Ile POOUllO

pyjllo I3UIlO HU UlellUlja 6ella!

PbOM Kauo 0a1C My je ICOllella!

KHE)I{EBlIll, MHJlHBoje (1899

1973), KJ-bIf)KeBHIfK H q:,OJIKJlOPHCT,
TIHcao IlCCMC H ApaMc, BehHHoM
HHcIIlfpHcaHe Hapo).lHOM KIbH)l{eBHO
mhy H IfCTOPlfjOM. lbyt(aBao HapoAHY
noe3Hjy (CTYlllfjC: HaUla lIapoolla
i'ioe;mju, 1928; TeXlIU1W lIapoolle
iie8Ulle iiec.~e. Pa).l KOHrpeca q:,OJIK
JlOpHCTa; 1959), IIoce5HO IIp03y ('1J1aH
IIH, y KJ-bH)KeBHOM, ceBepy, 'mjH je
6HO AyroroAHIUJ-bH ypeAHHK). TIHcao 0
XajAYK-:!3cJbKY TI~TpOBHhy (PaA VII
KOHrpeca CPOJlKJlOpHCTa JyrOCJlaBHje,
1958). Mc~y IIpBHMa 06paha II3)l{fbY
T3B. rOBopHIfM TBOpeBHHaMa, nHTaJIH
uaMa, 5p311JIH,l{a/\, pe~aJIHuaMa, 5aja
JIHuaMa "TA. (AHLTioJloluja lIapooHux
YMoift8oplllla, CpiicKa KlbU:1lCe8Hociii. y
c.:iftp KH>(IZa, ~: t957).

(MYCH" C"rell.H'. BYK IlI46)

TIoHeKa.!( je M3pe'leHa caMO Kao ono

MeHa M IIpeKOp, KojM TPe5a Aa AOHece
nOACTHUaj 3a CTYnaIbe Y aKUHjy: Ax,
MMOlllY, p~a Te y5Ma! - Ky.He BOj
BOAa MytalI MHJlOllla 05peHOBMha, He
6M Jill 3anO'leO 50p5y C TYPUHMa.
YBeK MCTH'Ie 3Ha'laj Aoraljaja, 11 KaA
AOJla3M IIOCJIe IbHX - lIHTeH3HBHolllhy
Mp)Kfbe, Hajja'la je KaA nOKa3yje CPAM
Ty HeMoh, o5jeKTMBHY Ht<IIonpaBJbll
BOCT OHora lllTO ce 35HJ10:
UPIlU Dopbe, oa iile Soz y6uje!

o 'l{yuuhy, :1ICallocw OO'leKao!

H.M,-Ji

(KneTS' KYJUlHOBC Kanc YBojy H' M~lUapy).

Y JlHPCKoj IIoe3Mjll H 5anaAH HMa

q:,YHKQlfjy HHTeH3HBHpaIba ocehaiba, H
Haj'Ielllhe npe.ACTaBJba npH3HBaIbe
npQKJleTCTBa y3 CT-paBH'IHY CJIHKy nCM
XH'IKHX If q:,H3H'IKHX MYKa, Koje Tpet5a
Aa CH~~.~HOra 1f~Me ce ynyhyjy:..
,~.

Cao /la iile6u 6uje/la ~ciw.Ylba

00 OSaOa/la aa ilie fi{)KpoB 6UIlQ.
Kpoa Kociliu iliu ilipaBa fiPOIlUljallQ,
ICpoa liolCilie iilu MpaBu UPOIla3U1lU,
KPBlfY UUllU Meco P!pIlOC'UIlU,

116

'KHE3 MHJlom (1780-1860), KHe3

Cp5H.ie 1815-1830, H1858-186O. TIpe
3HMe 06peHollHh A05HO no o'lyxy
06peHY MapTHHoBHhy H3 BpycHHUe,
HHa~Ie CHH CeJb'aKa Teo~opa MIiXaHJIO
B;ilha mJ.,!:{05pHe. Y'lecHHK IipBor cpn
CKor YCTHHKa (180+'-1813):H ~o~ APY
ror,. lIn5.. BojCKOI!09a H t)ll(aK; BpCTaH
AHIIJlOMUTa, 6HO paIbeH. IIpH 3aY3H
MaIbY Y)KHua 1807; HCTaKao ce Kao
jYHaK y 60jy H3 KyKYTHHWf 1809, H Ha
TOPHHKY; 1813. npeAao ce TypuHMa H
nOCTao 050pKHe3 PYAHH'lKe, Kparyje

Ba~IKe H nO)KelllKe HaxHje. BpJIMHe

BOjcKoBo~e IIOKa3ao Kao BOIj Apyror

cpncKor YCTaHKa (TIaJle)K, Jby5Hh,

,Uy6Jbe).

ILeroBa He06H'IHa, BHTaJIHa, 'IBpCTa H

I1IDKa JlH'IHOCT MHOro je BHIIIe noro

:nOBaJIa HCKpH'laBOM, cHMYJlTaHOM,

aHerAOTCKOM YCMeHoM, npHlloBeAaIb y,

y KOMe, y nOTeHQlfpaHHM cHTyaUHjaMa,

AOJla3e AO H3pmKaja KapaKTepHe oeo

5HHe Ha Koje ce pearyje OAMax, Hero

3aKOHHTOCTIfMa enCKor neBaJ-ba.

Hajn03HaTHja JIH'lHOCT YCMeHor npe

AaIba XIX BeKa, MHJlOlll ce CMelllTa

yrnaBHoM y npo3Ha Ka3HBaIba. MHoro

je BHme IIpHcYTaH y MHJlymHoBHheBoj

Cep5HjaHKH Hero y yeMeHoj. yCTa

HH'IKoj enHUH. TBOpau yeTaHH'lKe

enHKe, <PHJlHn BHmIbHh, KapaljopljeB

IIOKJlOHHK H npHjaTeJb CTojaHa T.J:ynH

ha, HHje My 5HO HaKJIOIbeH. IICTH je

crry'laj H C Hen03HaTHM CeJbaKOM H3

PYAHH'IKe HaxHje, KOjH ra no:npel)yje

Kapaljopljy H Kao AHIIJlOMaTY H KaO

BojHHKa:

SOZOM t;ecilipo 00 nOCOBlba 6U11O,

. uoaopaau.ce MOjOj myMaOuju
. U MOM KyMy 060pKHea MUIlOUlY:
HeK' hepajy UO Ce/lUMa TyplCe

ja hy H>eMY oociiia oupasuilill.,

oupasuiliu upaxa U O/UJSIJ

-----------------~---~-----------a ja 01)0 ljapy MOCICOBCKOMe..

(BYK IVl40)

Y OAnOMKY nec~e 0 Bojy Ha KYKY~

THHlUI, .rAe je MHJlom OAHeo BeJlHKY
n05eAY HaA CYJlejMaH-riamoM CKO
nJbaKOM, HCTH neBa'l KOPHCTH cno
n,alllIbe. KOMn03HQlfOijO cpeACTBO Aa
MHJlomy YKmKe Ha jaAe Ha MopaBH
H nOACTaKHe ra Ha 50j.
,Uyra neCMa YCTaHaK KHe3a MHnoma
Ha TypKe (Byte IVl45); cneBaHa' y
MaHHl'Y.YCTaHK'IKe eIIHKe. o:naje npH3
HaIbe MHJlomeooj- JlH'IHOCTH,'ycllOC'I'a: .
J;lJha 'KoiiTHHYHTeT' HOBe cpncKe Ap-.
:liCaBe ca Cpe~H:.oBeKOBHoM; aJIH Ib~H
yeMeHH Ha~IHH nodaje TecaH 3a
MHOIliTBO aeOQlfjaUHja H HCTOPHjcKHx
'1HIbeHHua Koje' cy ApyroM YCTaHKY
npeTXO;J:1HJle. He3a;J:10BOJbaH Ha'lHHOM
117

enCKor CJlHKafua J-berOBe JlH'IHOCTn.

MHnom npe6auyje ByKY (BYKoBa
npenHcKa II, 1908).
3aY3BpaT, JlHTepapH30BaHe H q:,OJlK
JIOpHe aHerAOTe Aajy l.leJIY IberoBY
ceJba'IKD-nCHXOJIOmKY. BJla,tlapcKOiIp
)KaBHH'IKY 6Horpaq:,Hjy, nO'leB OA OA
Hoca npcMa nopoAHUH, HMaIbY. )KeHa
Ma, AO OllHoca npeMa npHCTaJIHuaMa H
IIpOTHIlHHUHMa, paTY, nOJlHTHUH. Hay
l{H H peJlHrHjH. TIpH TOM KopHeTe y
TpaAHUHjH n03Ha'fC aHerAoTCKe q:,a5y
Jle, HJlH aYTeHTH'IHe Aora~aje 05J1HKy
jy CTHJleKD-H3pa)KajHHM nocrynUHMa
YCMCHe YMeTHOCTH pe'lH: MHJlOlll
nylllTa H3 3aTilopa caMO OHe KOjH cy
CBOjy KPHBH1lY npH3HaJIH. ;J:1a He 5H
TaKO UOKBapeHH nOKBapHJIH OHe
1l0mTeHC", KOjH cy IIO IbHXOBHM con
CTBeHHM pC'IHMa HeBHHH<' oc~eHH;
maJbe BY'IHhy KOH,a Ha Aap IIO)KeJleB
llIH My ]:Ia liMa 60Jby naMeT O,!( Ibera;
npOHaJla3H' npaBora KpHBl.la, 30ByitH
KpyrnKy 3a CBe]:lOKa (M. D. MHJlHhe
BHit, KlIea MUJlOUI y ii.pu'lllMa, Beo-
rpaA 1891); TIpOTy Mantjy Tepa Aa ce
)KeHH jep ra HHjeAHa CHaxa He :nBOpH
KaKO BaJ1>a. TIpHxBaTa lllaJlY T.J:aje,
nBOpCKe 6YAaJIe H CHpOMalllKa KOjH
H3MHCJJH Iia je IIoxapaH. ,n:a 5H, YKa3y
jyhH Ha TparODe )!{HTa CBe AO
MMolllena aM5apa, nocpeAHo 3aTPa
)KHO Behy nJIaTy.
H.M.-'S,

KlbllfE CTAPOCTABHE. EncKO

-1I0eTCKa peaJlHja Hallllll( HapQAHHx
nccaMa. TIo HapoAHOM cxBaTaIbY, eTa
pe KIbHrc Koje ce 06H'IHO y UpKBH. MH
Ha KaKI30M' ABOPY HaJla3e, H3 KOjHX
ynyheHo JlHl.le (H.aj'lellihe yrJIeAaH' H
ilpal3H'laH CBeIIITeHHK. MH lja'le-caMD
Y'le) MO)Ke Aa npopeKHe 5YAyhHOCT.
MCTO' KH,uze l!apociUa8H:e, 14{lpocWa8
HlIK;' BepOBaTHo aCbQlfjaUHja Ha crape
PYKoriHCH.e ~p'KQe,He Kij>Rre. .
.
P.'l].

KIbH)I{EBHII 'CEBEP (Cy50THUia:

I11925-XIII1941). Meee'lHH 'IaeOnHC 3a
KlhH)KeBHOCT. HayKy H KynTypy. YpeA
HHK MHJ1IfBoje KHe)KeBHh. 06jaBJbH

Bao OpHnmaJIHO KIbIDKeBHO CTSapa

JIaUlTSO, KPIlTI'IKy H3 CBHX 06naCTH,
KojHMa ce 'IaCOnHC 6aBHO. CBeCKe 0;0;
7-9 3a 1928. nocseheHe cY HapOJJ;Hoj
noe3HjH, a OJJ; 7-10 3a 1934. HapO,[lHoj
np03H. ~OHOCIIO, nopeA rpalje, HH3
CTYAHja KIbIDKesHoHCTopHjCKor, KOM
napaTHBHOr H TeopHjcKor 3Ha'laja 0
YCMeHoj KIbH:lKeSHOCTH, Kao H 6116JIH
orpaqmjy H3Bopa H JIHTepaType.
H.M.-j;.

KOGE, JypHj, )KynHHK no MeCTHMa

CJIOBeHHje, ca6Hpa'i Hapo;O;HHx 06H
'Iaja H YMOTsopHHa nOJIOBHHOM XIX B.
no BeJIoj KpajHHH. CapaljHBao y Novi
cama H Bceli. TIpeBop;Ho cpncKe Hapo
JJ;He neCMe Ha CJIOBeHa'iKH. rIHcao 0
TY)K6aJIHuaMa II 3ApaBlluaMa KOP;
Cp6a.

CCTorOJJ;H1InbH ne'la'lHh. TIecMe Koje je

:JaTTHCaO 011 Ii,era. CTaHKo Bpa3 je

OCTaBHO y pyKOJIHCY. a .qeJIOM IllTaM

nao y KoJIy.

H. M.-li

KOJIAK-KOJIAKOBH'fi, MexMe;n;,
H3 OpalIJja. CTapHHoM H3 nHKe, paTap
H naCTHp. npocpccHOHaJIHH 6eroscKH
neBa'l MYCJIHMaHCKHx KpajHwKHX ne
caMa (/l.pyra nOJI. XIX B.), HajBHwe 0
MyCTaj-6ery JIHlJKOM. TIecMe cy MY
Ayre BHIIIC CTOTHHa CTHXOBa. TIpanm
je neBafbe y3 TaM6ypy op; ;O;Be )KHue.
rIeBao jc npeJl yrneJJ;HHM MYCJIHMaHH
Ma H xpHlnhaHHMa. 0,[1 Ibera je neCMe
3anHcao JI. MapjaHoBHh (MaTHua
xpBaTCKa. II).
B. MYCIII/Al(JIlCKe iieCMe.

p.n.

P.n.
KOBA qj.fHA P AMO. EncKH nony
JIapHH jYHaK
KpajHWHIIK 0 KOMe
neBajy MYCJIHMaHCKe enCKe HapOJJ;He
neCMe, sei1HHOM 0 IberOBHM 60p6aMa
ca yCKoUHMa.

p.n.
KOB~E)I{1fJi 3a ucmopujy, je3uK U
o6u'laje Cp6a cl3a iilpu 3aKOlla, KIbHra
B. KapaJ.lHha (Be', 1849). CaJJ;p)KH
nopep; OCTaJIHX pap;oBa H OIlHce pHcaH
CKHX 06H'Iaja ()KeHHp;6a, HapHUaIbe 3a
MPTBHMa), ca 3anHCHMa JIHpcimx Hape
;o;HHX necaMa H 3;o;paBHua.

p.n.

KOJIE,lJ,APCKE nECME. 06pep;He

JIHpcKe HapOl~He rreCMe y Be3H C KYJI

TOM MOi\HOCTH. paljaIbeM CYHUa, HOBe

rOltliHe, TepaIbeM 3HMe H CJI. OCHoa

OBHX necaMa y Hos~e BpeMe 'IHHH

HCKa3HBaIbe JJ;06pHX )Kelba.

KOJIe,[laH,C ce OAP)K.aBa y BpeMe OKO

3HMCKe KpaTKop;HeBHue (21. AeueM

oap). rIpHlleB KOJIeA9 (OA JIaT. calen

dae ianuariac; KOJIO, cyHI~e, CJIOS.

MJIaJJ;H oor). 06H'I,!j H neCMe ca CJIH'I

HHM npHlleBoM nocTOje H KOA ApyrHX

CnoBeHa. Kao H JJ;pymx HapOJJ;a (HOBO

rp'IKH - KOJIHHTa; PYMYHCKH KOJIHH

Aa; KOJJ; A6xa3alla. fpY3HHa, OceTa -

KaJIaHJJ;a, KaJIHHI~a), HTp;. lJeCTa je y

OBHM neCMaMa criHKa 3eneHor 6opa,

cHM6cilla Be'IHor )KHSOTa. MJIap;Or

KOl:haHHKa paCKOIIIHe, cjajHe onpeMe,

uep.COHl1cpHKaUHja cyHua, MlI8'p;Or

pol)eHor 60ra.

KOBqE'lKIfJi, rOAHWIbaK BYKooor H

,lJ,ocHTejesor MY3eja y Beorpap;y, rJIa
CHJIO ,lJ,pYlIJTaa 3a rrp.oY'laBaIbe ~OCH
Teja H' BYKa .. Ha3BaH no BYKOBOM
p.n.
/<{ol3'leJICuhy, nOKpeHyT 1958. TIpBH
jpeAHH}< 'Bypo f~eJIa. OCHM npHJIora'
.iit rpalje (;),,lJ,OCHT~jy H ByKy, 06jaslbyje
KOJbEBH'fi, CneT03ap (p0geH 1930), ..

''DIaHKe, 6eJIelIJKe II BeoMa p;pa,rOI-IeHe

aHrnHCTa. I1po<j)ecop <PHn030cpcKor

16H6ii'H9rpaqmje (0' ~ocHTejy II' :0' .. q,aKYJITeTa y. CapajeBY. . .

.
ij3YKY). .
...
.
fJIaBHO HOJJ;PY'lje lPerOBHX HlITepeCO
H.M.-ll.
saIba Y o6JIaCTH. HaIlle HapoAHe KIbH
~eBHocTH je enHKa. KIbHra HaUl
K03MA, Hapop;HH nesa'l H 3anHCHBa'l
jYlla'tKIl eii (1974) JJ;HHaMH'IKH je
c faJIH'lHHKa, IlOJIynHcMeHH TpHHanpHCTyn pa300jy HaIUeHapoJJ;He enCKe

118

i
I
I

IIHcua JJ.YKC). tIcTBPTH JJ;eo neBa 0

KocaH'lHhy HBaHY KaKO YXO:r\H TypCKY
BOjCKY; (iHpaHHM CTHXOBHMa HCKa3yje

noe3Hje. CTBapalla"lKOM npHMeHOM

IIepH-JIoPAoBe KOHl~em.\Hje cpopMj
JIe, ycnocTaBlba je3H"IKo-CTHlICKH H
HCTOPHjcKo-TeMaTCKH KOHT!iHYHTeT
cpnCKoxpBaTCKe enHKe, OA npBHX
3anHca npeKO 6yraplllTHua H necal\,!a
EpJIaHreHCKor PYKonHca, 3aKlb)"lHO C
ByKOBOM 36HpKOM.
BaBH ce KOMnapaTHSHHM CTY:r\HjaMa
(OCIl013IlU Upaal(U a1l2110CaKCOltCK02
UlliilepeCOaafba 3a ltaUlY ltapOOIlY
uoe3ujy, 360pHHK MCll., IV; 360pHHK
MC XXVIII, 2), noeTHKOM YCMeHor
cTBapaIba (Bapujalliila U UeCIlU'tKU
u3pa3 y cpucKoxpaaiiicKoj llapoolloj
euulfu, KIbH)KeBHOCT, 1972; Allaxpo
llU3aM U altaiilOUU3aM, JIMC, IV. 1978;
@opMYlla, upu'ta U OQ:J!Cul3Jbl1j caeiila,
fpaJJ;HHa 1980), HCTopHjcKo-noeTCKHM
aHaJIH3aMa 1I0je;O;HHHX I1eCaMa H UHKJIyca, HTA.

ce 6pOjHOCT M H<I1tMoh TypaKa:

"CiiU .1111

I1e 6u

,)a

ceo Y Cu iip(JMeillHeMO,

7YPK()A/ PY'lKlI (JCOJlUllU.

11a 1(3 He(ill ilJlllX'/ Klima l1aaHe

/lu/je He 611 lUI .,e~IJhIl/IY UtIJla,
Be/; HlI ()(}fipe I((II/,e /I jYHaKe.

,Ua ce He 1I0KoJIc6a KHe3 H BojcKa, no

MHJIOIIICBY caBcTY. HBaH he JJ;pYK'IHje
perm:
11.IWl)(Jciillllwjn::e y TypaKa,
AJ1' c' !.W'>ffeA/{) c IMI~1lI y()apuillu.

H.M,-S.

KOMA1l:H 01l: P A3JIHl.JHHJEX

KOCOBCKHJEX nJECAMA (frag
menta, ilpeKuolfu). OBaK0 je ByK Ka
pa~lHh Ha3BaO neT OJJ;JIOMaKa OJJ; H3ry
6lbeHHx KocoaCKHX necaMa (11/49).
IIpsH op;JIOMaK neBao JJ;OJIacKY uapa
MypaTa Ha KOCOBO H :nHcMY Koje
IUalbe JIa3apy, n03HBajyhH ra IIJIH IJ.a
npeJJ;ajy 3eMlbe HJIH Ha 60j, p;a ca6lba
Ma 3eMlbY JJ;HjeJIHMo. ~pyrH. HajKpa
hH OAJlOMaK Ca):Ip)KH KHe)KeBY KJIeTsy.
TpehH H 'IeT.BpTH OJJ;JIOMaK 3HaTHO cy
06HMHHjH, CBaKH OJJ; rrpeKO IlIe3p;eceT
CTHXOBa. JIenOTOM ce HCTH'le TpehH, y
KOMe ce lIeBa 0 KHe)Kesoj Se'lepH. 0
CJIaBH yO'lH KOCOSCKor 60ja me cy CBH
BenHKailiH KOCOBCKH pa!HHUH Ha6po
jaHH no pep;y KojH 3a TpIle30M 3aY3H-.
Majy; H3HeTa je KHe)KeBa 3JJ:pa BHu a
MHJIOIUY 06HJIHhy H CYMlba Ha H3p;ajy,
.. MHJIoIUeB OArOBOp. 3aBeToaaIbe Ha
nOp;BHr H' np'eTIba . BYKY BpaHKoBMh.y.
'OBaj p;eo 0 KOCOBCKOM 60jy je je;o;aH'OJJ;
Haj3Ha-.:fajHHjl):X II HajIl03HaTHjHx CH
:licejHHXueJIHHa a ja.Slba ce y. npeAaIbY
a'eh Kpaje,M XV B., Y JJ;O.flYIbaaaIbHMa
Hen03HaTor npeOOJJ;Houa Ha ilTaJIHjaH
CKH je3HK (XpOHHKe SH3aHTHjcKor

Osa ce IIBIi KOMana OA necaMa 'lecTO y

aHTOJIOrHjaMa YHoce Kao ndce6He
rreCMe.
TIOCJIeJJ;H>H OJJ;eJI,aK npHKa3yje xepoj
CKO p;p)K!lH,e y 60jy BaHOBHha CrpaxH
I:he. Cplje 3JIonornelje H BOWKa
JyroBHha. Y3aCTonHO TpH nYTa I10HD
SlbeHO IIHTal:he:
KojH OHO p;06ap jYHaK 6jelIJe, roao
pH 0 xpa6poM BojeBal:hY paTHH}<a, a
op;rosopH cy YBeK caMO I:hHXOaO HMe
HOBaIbe. OBaKaB Ha'IHH CJIHKalba OMH
lbeHHX enCKHX jYHaKa I103HaT je H y
HaIUHM nCCMaMa 'H 6yrapwTH'IKHM H'
JJ;eceTep!I'IKHM, Beh y 3aIlHCHMa XVII H

XVIII

B.

p.n.
KOMHEH GAPJAKTAP (KoMjeH,
KOMMIlJ. EnCKH jYHaK, lIO lIeCMaMa
ceIbCKH YCKOK. lIo6paTHM HBa CeIba
HHHa. caoopmi TaAHje. faBpaHa KalIe
1'aHa H IIPyrnx I1PHMOpCKHX YCKOKa
npOTHB KpajHIIJKHx TypaKa. IIpeAooP;
H,HK 'leTQ. H3Y3CTHO xpa6ap, H3JJ;p
)KlbHB fia MYKaMa. Y I1eCMaMa ce Ha3H
l3a ~ KO~1HeH KaypHH, Ja~Hh, JeHlHh, .

H3 JaHOKe; y jCP;HOj I1eCMH H3 XYIII B.

. JerIbH!lO!,!Hh .. rIo npeTnOCTaaKa~a,.TO .

jc HcropHjqca JIH'IHOCT .npae noJi. xy

BeKa, ap6aHacKH jYHaK ApHjaHHT
KOMHeH fOJIeMH. TIpeMa llHcaHHM
AOKYMeHTHMa, HMe KOMHeH '1eCTO ce

119

cpeTa KO~ npHMOpCKHX YCKoKa

BeKa.

XVII

Kao nOMohHO, MexaHH'IKO Cpe]lCTBO 3a

HMnpOBH3an:Hjy (nOKJlHK BHJle H pa3
p.n.
rOBopH C IbOM. rUBpaHH rJlaCOHOllle,
3JlOK06HH caH
npeMa CTY):{HjaMa
KOMRAPATHBHA METO~A.llIH
fe3eMaHH 0 H81l10j HapO]lHoj enHUM,
POKO 06YXBaTaH YCJlOBHH TepMHH KojH
Kao H HH3Y npOY'JaBaJIan:a H3 <pOJlK
ce 06HqHO yn01pe6JbaBa 3a HCTpa)l{H
.FIOPHCTH'lKor Kpyra OKO TIpHJIOra
Balbe napaJleJla Y YCMeHHM KIbHlKeBHO
npOY'Ian<lH,y HapD]lHe noe3Hje); 6)
CTHMa pa3HHX Hapo~a. MO)l{e ce
KOHKpe'l'HH H3pa:>KajHH 06JlHK TeMe,
O~HOCHTH Ha 6HJlO KOjy BPCTY napa
OCHOBHH HapaTHnHa 3aMHcao KOjOM
JleJlHHX HCTpa)l{HBalba.
ce o~peljyje O):lHOC H pacnopell O~BO
B. Mulpal!UOHa U1eopuja; HcU1opuj
jeHHX enH30):{U (C3IY'lajHo 3aKallilbelbe
cKo-'ieo'lpaljJcKa U/lU ljJuHcKa MeU1ooa;
jYHaKa, 1I0JIa3aK Y 60j, Y neCMH 0
TUUoIWUlKa U1eopuja.
MYCHhy CTeB3HY npeMa M. EpayHY);
H.M.-'!>.
B) CTpYK'rypaJlHH MO]leJl.

KonA'IKE nECME. IIpoJIetiHe 06

pe]lHe neCMe (n~eJlO}lHjH H TeKCTY
je}lHaKe Opa'IKHM), BpCTa nOCJleHH
'!KHX necaMa. TIeBajy HX BeliHHOM
]leBojKe y npe]laxy H3Meljy Konalba H
BO):lH'IH CTOKe npH opalbY, Y3Bpaha
lbeM CTHXOBa C IbHBe Ha IbHBY. nope~
)l{aJI6e Ha Te)l{aK pa]l, ca~p:>Ke H
Jby6aBHe MOTRBe.

H. M.-'j;

TIoHeKa]l ce pa3BHJaJY y KapaKTep"

CTH'IHa BparOJlaCTa nopeljelba Koja
nOKa3yjy ]la je C ]lparHM HajJIenme:

r.

KOMl103:tIUHJA. OmllTa 06YXBaT

Ha KOHCTPYKn:Hja YMeTHHqKe TBopeBH
He qHjH ce ~eJlOBH Hana3e Y Y3ajaMHoj
Be3H. TIojaM KOMn03Hn:Hje nOKpHBa H
YHYTpallilbe H CnOJballilbe eJleMeHTe
):{eJla: 06JlHK, pe):{OCJle~, HaqHH H3Jla
ralba, CBe CTPYKTypHe KOMnOHeHTe
YMeTHH'lKe n:eJlHHe, IbHXOB pacnope~ H
pe~OCJle~ H Meljyc06He O):{Hoce. TIpe):{
CTaBJba je):{HHCTBO Ca~p)l{HHe H <popMe,
He caMO CnOJballiIbY. opraHH3an:Hjy
rpalje, Hero H yayrPallilbY crpYKTYPY.
YMHorOM 3aBHCR O~ BpCTe TBOpeBHHe
anH je H CTBapa. KOMn03HUMja. JIHp
CKHX YCMeHHX necaM~ je MaXOM je~
HO.'lJIaHa, ~BOqJIaHa HJIH Tpo'maHa
(caCTojH ce caMO H3 MOHOJIOra, ~HjaJIO
ra HJlH: eKcn03HUHje if ~HjaJlOra).
KOMn03HUMja enCKe neCMe je MHoro
cJIO)l{eHHja. Y nOCJle~lbe BpeMe, Y <pOJl
KJIOPHCTH$ ce MHoro BHllIe rOBopH 0
KOMnOHOBalbY Hero 0 KOMn03lln:HjH.
B. HMilp06U3al!uja.

KOHECKH, 6J1a*c (1921-1993), ne

CHHK, IIHCal{. <pHJlOJlOr H3Y3eTHor
3Ha'Iaja 'JU MHKC}{OHCKH je3HK H KIbH
:>KenHOCT; IIpocpecop 4>HJI030<pcKor
<PaKYJlTCT8 y CKOIIJbY, qJlaH MaKe
~OHCKe <lKUAeMHje HaYKa H ~onHCHHK
npYrHX aKa~cMl1j~l .Y JyrOCJl~BHjH.
Ca6Hpuo je MaKe]lOHCKe Hapo~He ne
CMe H ~pyre YMOTBopHHe,.06jaBJbeHe y
sl1me H3)!lllba 11 npeJ;loljeHe Ha ~pyre .
je3HKe. Y lberoBoj noe3HjH HMa H'BH~
HHX, YMe'l'HWIKI1 ycneJIHX orueKa MaKe
]lOHCKe YCMeHC KIbH)I{CBHOCTH.

Uap

nUCH.Y oe6oj'{e: AJ: 3UMfl MU jet

J1eJKe i1pu MajKy, KUKO upu ZpaH>KY.
Beiilep MU 6eje, zopy JleJleje.
nUCH.Y oe6oj'{e: Aj. 3UMfl MU je!
BUKH.Y ZU MOM'{e: Oi)u upu Mene/<,
J1eJKe upu MOM'{e, K'O upu 6ypyn'{e.1
H.M.-7i.

I BaCHJI.CllHh. HapOQHe Me;lOQuje U3 JleCK08Q

'iK02 Kpaja.

KOHCW.()H

KOHTEKCT. 'TC'PMHH KOjH ce y

YCMeHoj KIbHlKeBHOCTH ynoTpe6JbaBa
yrJIll-BHOM y ]lBU pU3JIH'lHTa 3Haqelba,
H. M.-ll.
3~BHCHO o~ MeTO~OJlOrHje nOCMa
Tpalba <pOJIKJIOpu:
KOMn03H[(HOHA. CXEMA. :BH
. llIe3Ha"lHH, y06~ajeH TepMHH Y Hallloj

y 3Ha'lelbY ]lpYIIITBeHe cHryaQHje

HayUH 0 .I1'.lbHlKeBHOCTH KOjH ce'MO)l{e
, Koja rrpOy3pOKyjC HaCTaHaK' <p0,lJ1S:
O):{HOCHTH H Ha }')I{H O):{JlOMaK (HIIp.

JIopHor TeKCTa H YCKJlaljyje ra C

' eKcno3HUHjy) H. Ha 'n:eJUmy YCMeHor
.1\ora~.aji>M.. TIp" 'TOM' ceo noj~BJbyjy
. 1{eJI3. d10):{ Kf)Mn03HUHoHOM' cxeMOM .. O]lpt:;ljeHc YMeTHH'IKe .opMe nOHama-.
., 96H'1HO ce' no):{pasYMeBa: ~} Cn0Jba

Iba'
llIlba' crpYKTypa npHnOBe):{alba, H TO

. ~ 3HU'leIbY Me~yc06Hor neJlOBalba

Kao nOHaBJbaHH KOHCTaHTHH 06pa3an:

CBHX tfJaKTopa y YCMeHoj YMeTHHqKoj

KOjH Ka3HBaq, neBa'I HCnyIhaBa pa3JIH

KOMYHHK31{HjH.

'IHTOM Ca~)I{HHOM, H KOjH My C3IYJKH

H. M.-'B.
120

BpyhuH.U MU, 6pa.tle,

ll.eJl' call. cae MOWUKY,

nywiilu MeH.e, 6paJle,

Hu 6UOY oa OOUM,

JeJleK ou pucuy'{aM!

p.n.
KOHCTAHTHH. B.
iUllH.

BYK je ].IOll1ao Y BC3Y c KonHTapoM Kao

I{eH30pOM CJlOneHCKHX KIbHra KpajeM
1813, KaA je H3nHcao KIbH)I{Hn:y 0
IIPHOM cpnCKOM ycraHKY, Kao nHeMO
Kapa-'BopljHjy TIeTpoBHhy. O~ Ta):{a
ce pa3BMO IbHXOBO J\O)l{HBOTHO npH
jaTeJbCTlJO H capa]llba. YBH~eBllIH
BYKOBY o6~apeHocT, KonHTap ra BO]lH
H YCMepaBa Ka L\oCTHrHYhHMa Ha npe
I1opo):{y cpnCKe KyJIType, ynyliyje ra Ha
cKynJbaH,e H H3):1aBalbe HapoJ\HHx
lIeCaMa H ){PYrHX YMOTBopHHa, nHcalbe
rpaMaTHKe H pe'lHHKa Hapo~Hor je3H
Ka, peqlOpMY H cTBapalbe HajcaBp
llIeHHjer, <poHeTcKor nHCMa.
3a cpncKoxpnaTcKe HapO]lHe neCMe
KomiTap ce 3UHHM3 jom o~ npBHx ro
]lHHU XIX B., nO):lCTaKHYT H OH]lalllIbHM
H3Y'JanaH,HMa T3B. XOMepOBCKor IIH1'alba. OKO ca6Hpalba HalliHX HapO]l
HHX necaMa, OH jc 6HO Y)l{HBoj npenHC
I{H CB01{ehHM YMOBHMa CBora BpeMeHa:
,ll06pOBCKHM, M. BpXOBl{eM, JI. My
llIHl{KHM. lberoB je YTHl{aj Ha BYKa
6HO orpOMaH, [lOMaraO My je y pa]lY
OKO Pje'lHtlKIl, YCMepHO ra Ka Hayn:H,
llHcao pcn:eH3HjC 3a lberOBe npBe
KIbHre, npeBO){HO TeKCTOBe HapOJ\HHX
necaMa HU HeMa'iKH H C J. fpHMOM H
feTeOM yneo ra y eBponCKY KYJITyPY.
fOBopeliH 0 CBOM )l{HBOTY H pa]lY
PYCKOM 'HUY'IHUKY J. Cpe3lbeBCKOM
1842, Beh creKaBllIH C3IaBY H npH3Halbfl
y' cBeT'y. BYK neJIH ]la je KonHTap'
rnaBHH Y3POK' llITO je n'ocTao
,KIbH:>KeBHI1K H AU ]lyryje lbeMY aKO:
He 3a CI~e, a OHO 3a MHOro, BPJlO'
MHoro.

C'rp. 28-31.

KonUTAP, Jcpllcj 6apToJloMej

(1780-1844), jeJ\aH on Y'l'eMeJbHTeJba
. CJlaBHCTH'IKHX cTY]lHja, HHHQHjaTop H
nO]lcTpeKa'l BYKoBa p3J:ta. PoljeH y
ceJlY PenHH y fopelbcKoj; IIIKOJIOBaO
ce y Jby6JbaHH.
Yn03HaBllIH neS:HHKa BaneHTHHa Bo~
HHKa, nOqHlbe n:a npoY'IaBa HapO]lHH
je3HK H )l{HBOT. Onna3H 1808. y Ee'! ~a
yqH npaBa;1810. nOCTaje l{eH30p 'CJlQ
BeHCKHX H rp'IKHX CllHca, nOTOf\{ ]lBOPCKH .6H6JI~OTeKap H caBeTHHK. EaBehH
ce Hsyql!BalbeM jetlHKa, HCTopHje H
npaBa. 60pilBHO je y TIapH3y,.OKC<p0p..
]ly, JIoH]lOHY, BeHen:HjH, PIlMY, JIHBOP
KY, MHJIaHY H 4>HpeHUH: 3Ha~ajHa
~eJIa: Gramatik der. s/avisc7len Spra-"

.p.n.

KOPHTKQ, EMHJI (Emil Korytko,

1813-1839), o){ymCBJbeHH eTHorpa<p,
cUKynJbU'I CJlOBeH'a'{KHx' Hapo~HHx
..

che ill Krain, Karnthen. und Steier

mark (1808), Glagolita Clotzianus
(1836). lberoB yqeHHK, CJlaBHCTa 4>.
MHKJIOlllHq, H3]laO MY je OCTaJIe cnHce:

Barth. Kopitar's kleinere Schriften.

m~CaMft (Slovenske .pesmi. kra/ljskega .

lIaroda. I-V, J.hy6JbaHa 1839-1844).

TIcipeKJU'M H3 TIo~cKe; Kao yqecHHK y

IlOJbCKOM YCTUHKY HHTepHHp"lH y'
Jby6JbaHY. Y 330CTaBIIITHHH je Ha~eHa
He3aBpmcHa KIbHra 0 CJIoBeHUHMa Ha
nO.JbCKOM je3uKY:
H. M.-'B.

121

KOCAH'lIU'ft UBAH. ErrCKH jYHaK

113 KOCOBCKe IIneja):{e. IIpe311Me 11;06110
no pen:H KocaHHn:H. MCTOPHjCKH
Hen03HaT. IIo6paTHM MHJIOllla 06H
mIlia, KOjH y3 TOlll1HQy MHJIaHa C MH
JIOllleM yJIa3H Y TYPCKH Ta60p Y
H3BHljalbe. Jej:\aH OJ:\ TpojHn:e jYHaKa
KOjH rrpe 60ja 1I;apyje KOCOBKY j:\eBojKY.

Illelba JIHKOBa, TparoBe rrecaMa y

'IHHe HeKY BPCTY rrJIaheHe rrorpaHH
cTapHM KlbIDKeBHHM TeKCTOBHMa (0
ltHe, nOKpeTHe BojcKe rrO,[leJbeHe Ha
ao diipeAfelUl II ,)tJ y.leHbllje,

C8. Ca8u, CKf, HC, 1935, Klb. XLIV,

'leTe KojHMa 3anOBe):{ajy JbY):{H H3
A jyiJUKY ')0 OltlAeflll iiaca.

CB. 3). BaBHo ce lloeTHKOM YCMeHor

tbl1XOBe cpej:\HHe. Y oHj:\aWtbHM 3allH
OHae cy iiilt elllJ iiipll iioiuHYJla!

cTBapalba (0 cil1ajanuM 6poje8uMa,

CHMa HIl3HBajy HX - Y O,[lHOCy Ha
KoJIo, 1903, Klb. V, CB. 7 H 8; BepHa
CTapOCeJ(con:e - npe6e3HMa H YCKOI:(H
CH:lKe 0 rrpocHJ(6H ,[leBojKe. cecrpe
lby6a, fnacHHK JII.lJ.1931; 0 CTBapa
Ma (J(OIllJban:HMa), jep cy ce y rrpHMOp
6Y,[lHMCKOr KpaJJ.a, rrpe,[lIIOna3aK Y 60j
nawTBY <t>HnHna BHllllbHha, 360PHHK
jy HaCeJIHJIH H3 IInaHHHCKor 3anelja
TpojHQe P8THHK8, jaBJba ce H Y 6yrap
p.n.
Y CJIaBY <t>HJIHna BHllIlbHHa, 1936;
Koje cy Typn:H j:\p:lKaJIH. BeOMa xpa6pH
IIJTHn:aMa, a OAHOCH ce Ha yrapCKe jy
J1MC, 1936, CIX). OHO Je HeKa BpCTa
H ycnelllHH paTHHQH xajj:\Y'IKor THrra
HaKC, Y'ICCHHKC 60ja Ha KOCOBY 1448,
KOCOBKA A(J)EBOJKA (ByKlII,
KOjH HaJWJ(ajy H Ha KorrH}' H Ha MOpy,
xpoHH'Iapa 3a HH3 ,[loraljaja y Be3H C
CeKyny, MHxajJIa H BojBOj:\y JaHKa.
50). llecMa BHCOKe YMeTHH'IKe Bpej:\
H8na3ehH nOTnopy y MJIeTa'lKoj j:\p
nojaBoM cTpaHHx KlbHra HJIH '1aCOrrHC'a
p.n.
HOCTH, rro TOH}' 6anaj:\a, Koja HCXOj:\
o Hailloj Hap0j:\Hoj KlbIDKeBHOCTH H
)KaEH (lin aTe, OJ:\JIH'Ija, nocej:\H, nJIe
KOCOBCKor 60ja oneBa Kao TpafH'IHY
MHhKe THTyne). qeCTo Bpille paTHH'IKe
lbeHHX npeBOj:\a (Ha PYCKOM, cppaH
KOCOBO. Y cncKoj HapO,[lHoj Tpa,[lH
CYj:\6HH}' nojej:\HHan:a. llpaCTapH 06H
lIoAYXBaTC H MHMO HHTepeCa j:\p:lKaBe
n:YCKOM, HeMa'IKOM rOBOpHoM nOj:\py
n:HjH BCOMa f103HaT JIOKaJIHTeT; y
'Iaj 3aBeTOBalba npe,[l rrOJIa3aK Y KaKBY
'Ijy). TheroBo OCHOBHO rrOJbe HHTepe
Ha 'IHjOj cy TCPHTOPHjH, rrpeTBapajy
YCMeHoj Tpaj:\Hn:HjH HajrrorrynapHHje rro
HeH3BeCHOCT, Te:lKaK 3a,[laTaK, OBj:\e
COB alba je HCTpa:lKHBalbe CTapOCTH
paTOB8lhe y BPCTY npHBpeljHBalba.
6HTKaMa 1389. H3Meljy Cp6a (KHe3
OMHJbeHH y .. enCKHM neCMaMa, HCTO
paTHH'IKH rrO,[lBHr, cIDKejHa je OKOCHH
HaCTaHKa H 06JIHKOBalba errCKe rroe3H
J1a3ap Xpe6eJbnHOBHh) H TypaKa, H
Qa rreCMe. Y OBOj rreCMH, Kao H Y
je (Cil1apocili. Hapoonoi eucICo'i uecnu
PHjCKH cy rr03HaTH jYH8n:H JaHKO
1448. H3Meljy yrapcKe BojcKe (XYlbaj:\H
MHTpOBHH H lbcrOBH CHHOBH HnHja H
BeftHHH errcKHX rrecaMa 0 KOCOBCKOM
w.il1ea naw.e'i, J<t>, 1933, XII; fleCMa 0
JnHolll
CTpaj:\ao K'O JaHKo Ha
60jy, orreBa ce 36HBalbe HerrOCpe,[lHO
3aBHllla, y neCMaMa EpnaHreHCKor
8epnOM CJly3U, fnaCHHK CKA, 1935,
KOCOBY) H TypCKC. Y TplmHn:HjH ce 3a
rrOCJIe 60ja, a lberOB ce TOK ca3Haje
pYKonHCi.l, H HajrronyJIapHHjH, CTOjaH
CLXVIl1; JJ.8a ICOC08CICa 'fUICJIa,
KOCOBO ne3yjy H j:\pyfH 6ojeBH, pa
caMO Kp03 Ka3HBalbe Y'IeCHHKa 0 CY,[l
JaHKOBHh, 3anOBe,[lHHK KOTapCKHX
llllHll, 1939, Klb. VI, CB. 1).
3MHpH8 lIoKpajHHa. ooj H3Meljy Cp6a
6HHH rroje,[lHHHX jYHaKa. KOCOBKa
YCKOKa (PorrCTEO JaHKOBHha CToja
H.M~'l>.
H. TypaKIl npej:\CTaSJba n:eHTPaJIHY Te
j:\eBojKa Y 30PY rrOCJIe 60ja 06Hna3H
Ha, BYK 111125); 3aTHM CMHJbaHHft
My Haille c'rapHje enHKe. 0 lbeMY rreBa
KpBaBO Pa300jHIllTe, YMHBa H 3aJIa:JKe
MJIHja, BYK MaH,[l}'IIIHh H ,[lp. Haj'le"
KOCTYP, rpaj:\ y JerejcKoj MaKe,[lO
jy H 6yrapllITHn:e H AeceTepa'lKe rreCMe
mhe ce oneBajy lbHXOBa paTOBalba
BHHOM H xne60M rrpe:lKHBene palbe
HHjH KOjH ce jaBJba Y rro3HaToj encKoj
Y3 6pOjHH rrp03Ha j:\ena. 0 T3B. j:\pyrOM
:I1pOTHB KpajHllIKHx jYHaKa H :lKeHH,[l6e
HHKe. TelllKO palbeHa HaJIa3H KHe:lKeBa
Hap0j:\Hoj rreCMH 0 KpaJbeBHhy MapKY
KOCOBCKOM 60jy (1448) neBa ce y
6apjaKTapa, OpnoBHfia llaMa, HCTO
OTMHQOJ>f MYCJIHMaHCKHX ,[leBojaKa.
H MHHH OJ( K9CTypa; Hajrr03HaTHja je
6yrapIllTHn:aMa.
p.rr.
PHjH Herr03HaTa jYHaKa, aJIH BeOMa
BapHjaHTa KO,[l BYKa (11162). Y 6poj
l;.n.
OMHJbeHa Y Hap0j:\Hoj TI'MHQHjH: rrpH
HHM neeeTepa'lKHM BapHjaHTaMa H
KOTHHK, IIlpalllle (1882-1955), CJIa
IIHCyjy My ce CTapa YTBpljelba Y OKOJIH
1
6yraplllTHQH (oorHIllHh, 7) HMe rpana
KOCOBCKU SOJ 1389, B. 5ano8un
HH llapahHHa H Ha PY,[lHHKY; HeKa
'SHCT" H cTHorpacp. oaBHo ce CBHM
je HeH3MelbeHO, a HMe OTHM8'1a Map
Ciftpaxli1ba; L(ap JIaaap U llapUl{a
nOAPY'ljHMa eTHonornje. HarrHcaq HC
QPHOropCKa 6paTCTBa ra. cMaTpajy
KOlle :lKeHe je CM8H,HM H3MeH8Ma (MH
MUJllllla; .Iy'i 5o'ioan; Jy'i08una MajIca;
p0j:\OHa'lenHHKOM. BeOMa ycrrenoM
TOPHjy eTHOJIOmje H YCMel!e CJIOBeHa
Ha, HHHa;.MHlba). Y CBOM j:\eny Kpa
Jy'io8Ilnll; KOMOOU 00 pa:'MU':lnujex
'IKe KH,H:lKeBHOCTH: Slovellske staro
KOMrr03HQHjoM rreCMe, Kp03 ,[lHjaJIOr
Jbe8Cil180 CJI'o8ena (1601), M. Op6HH
KOco8clCl1jex IlecaMa; Kocan'f.un H8an;
svetnosti. 1943; PI:egled 'slovellskega
,neBojKe H palbeHHKa, H3HeTa CY. 36H
nO~Hlbt; ,[la je MapKo H3ry6HO rpa,[l.
Balba npe,n caM 60j H H3BelllTaj 0
KOC08ICU o(j)e8ojICa; JIaaap Xpe6e KocTYP KojH je lberoBa :lKeHa JeJIeHa
Ilarodopisja. Narodopisje 'Slove1Icev' I,
HCXOj:\Y 6oja.' OrrHC KHe:lKeBe BojcKe H
1944. CaKyrrJbaO if 06jaBJbHBaO KOpy
Jbano8uli; JIaaapUlfa; MUJlow. 06UJ1u/t;
rrpe,[la.na OaJIWH EanlllHhy. KaKo'o
i
i
Mycun Cifte8aH; H08aIC08uh, Cil1ojan;
IIIKe HapO,[lHe IIpH'le H npej:\aHta.
TpojHn:e 60jHHX BOjBOj:\a, MHJIoilla
.0BoMe HeMa rroY3j:\flHHX rrOJ(aTaKa,
I
06HJlHha, KocaH'IHha MBaHa'H Torr
H.M.-'B.
flecMe 0 ICOC08CICOM (iojy; llpouacil1
rrpeTnOCTaBJba ..ce j:\a je Op6HH nOj:\a
nHQe MHnaHa, crraj:\a Y HajJIenme
l(apcift8(/ CpftCICo.'i; Pelba oOflaaapa.
T8K Y3eo H3 .Tp8,[lHQHje. .
enCKe CTHxose 0 nerrOTH H' CHa3li
p.rr.
KPABAJCKE nECME. HeKaneH
~OCOBCKHX BHTe30Ba, Hapo'lHTO 'TpO~ .
j:\ap~Ke o6pej:\He, rropo)lH'IHe rreCMe.
KOCOBCKU SOJ 1448, B. 5ano8un
.
.
. jm:(e .n06paTHMa KOjH PCTBapyjy no,[l- . .CeICYJla; 5yzapuullw{e; XYfbtlOU, Ja KOTAP'C~U YCKOQU (HpeMa rrOIl.
ll~Bajy ce rrpHJlHKOM j:\apKBalba Mej:\e
BMf Y G<;;Y CycpeT C Hen03HaTOM ,[leBO
noUl..
HHX KOJIa"lHha'IfJ!H x,nen'lHHa (Kpasaja,
PY'ljy PaBH~ KOTapH, y 3aJ1eljy 3anpa).
jKOM, 'lio' 06ehalbHMa H j:\ap0BHMa,Y .
CTapOCJI. KOPOBc.'l.H) Ha CBa,[l6H, HJIH 0
.. EnCKH rrorrym~paH :pa1'HHWI npatHB
noceTH 1J9PMHJbH. .
CTBapH je rrpoc\f,[l6a j:\eBojKe H ,[la'im
' .
. . TypaKa 0J( nOJI. XVI.
j:\0 rrpBHX fa
Balbe OJ:\ cTpaHe KyMB, j:\eBepa H
H.M.-'B.
j:\HHa XVIII B., oco6HTO y BpeMe Mope-.
KOCTH'ft 1 JlparYTHH (1873-1945),

MJIaj:\O:lKelbe. )i(ecrHHa H TpafH'IHOCT

jCKor H KalmHjCKor paTa (1645-1699).
HOBHHap H ny6JIHQHCTa, CJIaBHCT. llpo

60ja j:\aTa je yne'laTJbHBOM, Ca:JKeTOM

Ha TepHTopHjH MneTa'lKe Peny6JlHKe,
KPABIl.OB, HHKonaj (1906-1978),
. Y'IaBaO OJ(Hoce TpaJ(HQHje H HCTopHje,

XHIIep60JIOM, OJ:\ caera '1eTHpH CTHXa:

ca ce):lHllITeM y PaBHHM KOTapHMa,
PYCKH HllY'IHHK, rrpocpecop pycKor
nyTeae cnCKe TpaHcrro3H",Hje ripeHo

a,

122

123

..........
q,OJIKJIOpa y MOCKBI'l, rrpeBO}:lI'lJIal.\.
EiftBHO ce rrpoY'IaBalbeM Haille HapO}:l
He rroe3Hje. KIbHra Cep6CKuu ::Juoc
(1933) CaAp)KH H360p 0;0: 56 encKliX
Hapo;n:HHX rrecaMa 1'13 IlleCT QHKJlyca, C
MHoro KOMeHTapa H HeillTO 3arrHca

MeJIO}:lHja. BeJIHKa YBO}:lHa CTy}:lHja HMa

;n:eceT rrOrJIaBJba 0 rropeKJIy H o;n:JlHKa
Ma HaIlle eIIHKe, 0 cKyrrJbalbY H H3Y
'1aBaibY. 3aCTyrrao MHIllJbelbe }:Ia je
Hailla eIIHKa q,eY}:laJIHOr rropeKJla 1'1 Aa
cy je CTBapaJIH IIpoq,eCHOHaJIHH neBa
'1H, a ;n:a ce C rrporraillhy q,ey;n:aJIHe
}:Ip:lKaBe crryillTa y Hapo;n:He Mace H
}:IeMOKpaTH3yje. Ko;n: HaIllHX rrpOY'IaBa
JIan:a oBaj je CTaB HaJla3l,i0 HIIpHX
BaTalbe 1'1 CJle}:l6eHHKe (PanOBaH 30ro
BHh), anH 1'1 Ha ):1OKYMeHTOBaHO ocrro
paBalbe (BojHCJlaB oypHh).
,Upyro H3}:1a1be KIbHre Cep6cKuu :JUOC
(1960) ;n:OHOCH 125 rrecaMa y npeBo;n:y
TpHHaeCT PYCKHX npeBO}:lHJlal.\a; no;n:e

JbeHe cy Ha l.\l'IKJlyce, HajBHllle rrecaMa

HMa 0 MapKY H 0 ;n:ecrrOTHMa; 3HaTHO je
Malbe rrecaMa 0 60p6aMa 3a OCJlO6o!jelbe. Y orrlllHpHOM npe;n:rooopy }:IaT
je rrperJIe;n: npeBo!jelba HaIllHX rrecaMa
I:!a pyCKH, 3aTHM rrO}:laQH 0 CTapoCTH
Haille eIIHKe H 0 Y3poQHMa MapKOBe
CJlaBe.

.n. CUYUliUelta KY.fliUyplta oo6pa.

~.n.

KP AJHHCKA EnHKA. Hapo}:lHe

MYCJlHMaHCKe rreCMe Koje' oneBajy
jYHaKe BocaHCK~ KpajHHe 1'1 IbHXOBa
paTOBalba TOKOM XVII BeKa. fJlaBHH
jYHaUH cy MyCTaj-6er nH'IKH, 6paha
Myjo H XanHJl XplbHl.\a, XacaH-ar<l;
'KYHa, TaHKOBHn OCMaH; KOBa'lHHa

PaMO, Tane o;n: OpaIlln:a,' TypQH HOB

JbaHH, Y}:I6HlbaHH, KJIa}:lYIllaHH H }:Ip.
Y3 IbHX ce .Kao. rrpOTHBH~ orreBajy
celbCKH 1'1 KOTapcKH yCKO~; 3HaTHO
pe!je Hem o;n: y'CJ!:OKa (MaJlHPa;n:ojHl.\a!
neTall, Mp.KOIbHll) K!lO .no~ara'll:l .H
n06paTH~1H. TeMe OBil:X rrecaMa cy
'1eTOBalbll, rroxape, :lKeHH;n:oe OTMHl.\OM
H Mer}:laHH. neCMe cy H3Y3eTHe ;n:Y)KHHe
(rrpeKO XHJba1\y CTHXOBa), IllTO ce
rrOCTH:lKe YMeTalbeM CnOpeJIHHX enH30;o:a H BPJIO pa3BHjeHHM onHCHMa. qeCTo

HeMa'IKI'l. 06jaBHo HeJIOBOJbHO KPHTI'l

'IKe 36HpKe: Sagen und Marchen der
Siidslaven, I-II, najrrQHr 1883-1884,

HX rreBajy rrpoq,eCHOHanHH rreBa'IH 0

paMa3aHCKHM 6}:1elbHMa Kao HeKY

BpCTy 3a6aBe; YTHl.\aJle cy Ha HapO}:lHO

lIeBalbe Ap6aHaca.

Tausend Sa8en und Marchen der

SUdslaven, najnQHr 1914; 3aTHM q,OJIK
JIOpHCTH'IKe CTy;n:Hje Slavische Volks
jorschungen, najrrQHr, 1908; y OKBHPY

p.n.

KPAJbI1QKE nECME. OOpe}:lHe

TepeHcKHX 3anHca, 1'1 npeBO}:Ie 1'13 By

KOBe 36HpKe. CaKYIIJbaO BepOBalba 1'1
oOH'Iaje (Volksglaube und religioser

JlHpCKe HilpO}:lHe neCMe, Be3aHe 3a rrpo

CJlaBJbalbe npa3HHKa ;n:yro;n:HeBHue;'

xpHcTHjaHH30BBHe cy H Be3aHe 3a

rrpa3HHK ,UYXOBB (TpOjHUe). ,UeBOjKe

KpaJbHl\C 00HJIB3e Kyhe, CBe'laHO

O}:leBeHe, ca HMrrpOBH30BaHHM KpyHa

Ma H MU'lCBHMa, y3 H3Boljelbe O}:lpe!je

He Hrpe C }:IpaMCKHM eJIeMeHTHMa;

IlcBajy Kpane nec!-fcy IlleCTOCJlO)KHOM

CTHXY. c IIpHrrCBOM JbeJbO, HJlH Jia

;n:o, nOCCOHO CBaKOM 'maRY nOpO}:lHl.\e.

neCMe ce H3;n:Bajajy JIenOTOM H He)K

HOIllhy; neBajy 0 )KHBOTHOj pa;n:OCTH,

JlH'IHOj H 1I0PO].lH'lHoj CpetlH.

H. M.-'B.

TpchH. npenOMJbeH CTHX maCH:

KP6ABCKA BHTKA,

B.

EuiUKa fla

Kp6aecKoM uO.lby.

Ktl.7/flliiie Mit KlleiTie TypKe,

flu KPflllHIIM 6u/IC pYKe.

KPEK, fperop (1840-1905), CJlOBe

Ha'IKH KJIaCH'IHH q,HJIOJIOr, CJlaBHCT,
CTY}:lHpaO y Be'lY H fpan:y, n:~e je OHO 1'1
rrpoq,ecop Ha ymmep3HTeTy. non yTH
QajeM MHTOJIOIllKe TeopHje HanHcao
;n:eJIa: Ueber die Wiciztigkeit der

KpH)KaHHh ,!\aJbe roBOpH KaKO XpBaT

CKH IIJIeMHnH H BojBO;n:e cej:!e 0 ro:30H
3a CTOJIOM. a H3a IbHX BOjHHl.\H neBajy
jyHa'IKe necMe. rroHajBHIlle 0 KpaJbe
BHhy MUPKY, HOB8KY .IJ:eOeJbaKY MH
JIOilly H I1p. MHB'le, OH je HMao BeOMa
H8rrpe}:lHC rrorJle;n:e Ha HCTOPHjy, nOJIH
THKy H HllUHOHaJIHY eKoHoMHjy, aJIH je
6HO HecXBaheH OJ:! CBOjHX caBpeMeHH
Ka.

Slavischen tradition ellen Literatur als

queUe der Mythologie, 1'1 Einleitung in
die Slavische Literaturgeschichte, und
Darstellung ihres altern Periodim,

.
--------------_._----------------

p.n.

1874, ~1887 (npolllHpHO H3na}be oora

TO~ OHOJIHorpaq,HjoM). JOill OJ:! !ja'l
K;HX ~aHa rrpaTH 1'1 KOMeHTapHille
caKynJbalbe H H3j:!aBalbe Hapo;n:HHx
CJlOBeHalIKHX rrecaMa 1'1 npHnoBe;n:aKa.
npoy'laBa HJITepHaQHOHanHe MOTHBe,
rrpeBacxOnHO MHTCKe JIHKDBe (.IJ:HBJbaH
- nOJlHq,eM, Polifem v narodnej tradi
ciji slovanskej, Kpec, 1882, KIb.. II),
;n:aje rrapaJIeJIe. HeMa'l'Koj rreCMH 0
XHJI;n:eopaH}:\y y CJlOBeHa'iKHM aapo;n:
HHM neCMaMa (Kpec, 1885, K1b. V).
OCHHBa'l je KIbH:lKeBHD-HaY'lHPr JIHCTa
Kpec (1881).
H.M.-1I.

,UeBojKe ce Ha3HBajy KPaJl?HQe, HJIH .

JIanapHl\e. CJI'M'lHe Hrpe 1'1 neCMe H3
BO}:le.ce H 0 j:!pyrH~{ JIeTIbHM rrpa3HHQH
Ma.
B. J7aoapcKe iieCMe.

p.n.

124

JoUt NaY'1e fiece()mTiIl. ()o6pu MapKo

Kpa.tbeauliy,
A Nil fila AI y m)ZOHoplI Paoocaae
C!laepUN'1.e.

Brauch der SUdslaven, 1890).

rociim)lIp je 3aCII'o

rOl:iiojll HlI Kpllll),.

rix:iiojtl itt fi)'()u

MebY 0'111 J'I,yfiu!

.
[JtJ{)aj HtIItleM KpUJby
fiplliliKy mfiil>y MallY.
UUllllWj KPllJbu/{1I

C)'KH,y (}{) (jO:JKypa,'

HlIllteM fillpjllKiiillpy

fifO fiUpjllK CHI/lie.

KPAYC, (l)PHAPHX (Friedrich Krauss),

ayCTpHjcKH q,OJIKJlOPHCT H eTHOJlOr.

Cry;n:Hpao KJIaCH1IHy q,~OJIorujy. OPH

jeHTaJIHCTHKY 1'1 apxeoJIornjy.npe~~
nHJl'an:, caKynJb11'1 ffi::J}HKor 0p9ja
jY~HOCJIOBeHC~ijX Hapo,!\HH.X npriqoBe-..
naKa H' rrpe~alba. M3;n:aBa'l. H ypej:!HHK .
Anthropophyteje. CPOJIKJIOpHe nyo
JlHKaUHje (111904) y KOjOj je oOjaBJbeHO
;n:OCTa rpu!je C Hailler TepeHa. }13;n:aBa'l
;>bH6JIHOTeKe H3aopaHHx cpnCKHX
y30p Aena, Koje je npeBO;O:HO Ha

'IKHX Hllcja Heryjc MHcao 0 je3H'IKoj 1'1

eTHH'IKoj 3ajeilHHl.\H JY)KHHX CJIOBeHa.
Y CBOjoj BeIllTa'iKoj CBeCJIOBeHcKoj
rpaMaTHIIH, KOjy je 3aBpillHo 1666,
j:!OHOCH TpH CTHxa oyrapillTHUe, KOjy je
KaO }:Ie'laK CJlymao y pOnHOM Kpajy:

I'

I.

KPI1JIATI1UA. OnlllTe YCBOjeHa pe'l

HJlH pe'leHHn:a, 'leCTO MeTaq,opH'IHa .
AYTeHTH'laH H3BOP CBaKe O,!\ KpHJlaTH
l.\a MO)KC ce HaBo;n:HO ;n:oKa3aTH; no
TH'le H3 aHTHKe, a rroceoHO' ce yrroTQe
6JbaBa y BpeMeHY xYMaHH3Ma. 'uHHa
MH'lHa je. HarnameHa, rrOnCTHn:ajHa.
MO)Ke np~H3HhH H3 HeKor cBaKOj:!
HeBHor 110ra!jaja, HCTopHje, 'KIbH:lKeB
Hor j:!eJIa: BoJbe rpoo Hero poo: A y
pYKe MaH;n:yulHha' BYKa oHhe CBaKa
rryIllKa yoojHTa., HT,!\.
H. M.-'B.

~PlLEBUP; X8THI,I8.(po!jeHa1936),

KPH>I\AHH1l,. Jypaf (OKO i618

. 1683), TeoJIorv KlhH:lK.eBHHK 1'1 rrOJIH-

TH'Iap, rrpe}:l~a)3~ Hanpe;n:HHX H;n:eja ..

caora ;n:qoa, BepcKH H~yJJ.rypHo-nOJIH
TH'IKH MHcHoHap. Y PyCHjH j~ rro'leo }:Ia
pa;n:H Ha peq,opMH pYCKe hHPHJlHn:e,
aJIH je l.\apCKHM YKa30M' rrpoTepaH y
CHOHP r].'(C je npoBeo 15 rO,!\HHa
(1661-1676). Y OKBHpy naHCJIaBHCTH-

125

K~H)KeBHH H~opR'Iap.. ltiY'l~Ba HOBH

jy' jyrOCJIoBi:HCKY .KlhIDKeBHocT, oCoJ.
OHTO Hapo~HY. (;n:oKT9pCKa WlcepTaQH~
ja MycJlHMaHcKe Hap0J.\He 6aJIa;n:e H3
BOCHe H Xepl.\erOBHHe, 1972). 3iIa
'IajHHjH panOBH H3 OOJlaCTH IIpoy'la
Balba YCMeHe KlhH:lKeBHOCTH: Myc/lu

itancICe iijecMe y EpJlanZenCICoM PYICO

UAILA. HeKa BpCTa YCMeHe HCTopHje

jYHa~HMa H ):IOraljajHMa, TepHTopHjH

H ):Ip)KaBH, 3aBHlJajy. Ca):lp)Ke ):IOCTa
eJIeMeHaTa HaTnpHpo):lHOr, aJIH IbHXO
Ba CPYHKI\Hja HHje ):Ia H3a30BY CTpaBy,
Kao Hnp. y .):IeMOHOJIOmKHM npe):la
IbHMa, Hcro):la yJIHjy CJIymaol\Y ):IHBJbe
. Ibe 3a npeTKa, lieKa):l KYJITypHor
xepoja, lIaflac npcTKa jYHaKa, ):Ia ra
Kpciii,a HOCUM, Boza MOJIUM
. eMOTHBHO lle)KY 3a lbera. YnpaBo 360r
rociioou iiOMUJlyj!
TOrn. Ham13e ce Ha rpaHH~H YHYTaplber
J1a 30POM CmUZHe KUUUl .
):IO)KHBJbuja H cnOJbamlber ):Ioraljaja.
rociioou iiOMUJlyj!
OHH cy nOXBaJIa 3aBH'Iajy, cnOHa C
H.M.-'S.

IbHM. rmlBHa JIH'IHOCT je YBeK jYHaK H

OKO Ibera ce CTnapa YCMeHo-noeTCKa
KY3YH JAILO (TYp. KY3y~=jalbo).
6HorpacpHja, peaJlHCTH'IKa H .cpaH
JIH'IHOCT H3 HapO):lHHX necaMa.; KHe3 Y
TaCTH'IHa, Koja y JIHKy jYHaKa H y je):l
CpeMY, Be3aH 3a r:pa):l. MHTP~BHl\Y
HOM HJIH BHme ):Ioraljaja i:\ajYCHHTe3Y
CTapal\' 0):1 CTOTHHe rqwwa KOjH HMa

. HCTOpHJCKor nepHO):la y KOMe jYHaK .

CHHOBe jYHaKe. npeTnOCTaBJba ce j:(a

cTojIi .y. CPC):IHIIITy. TaKBO je qpe):ll:\lbe --,

. ce YTI5M JIHKY. caqyBaJIO enCKO cehalbe

I-ipn. 0 BHCbKOM CTeBalry: KOjH je n9 ..

. il:a JasaRa KaHTaKY3iiHa, poljaKa J\ec.
CMPTH ona cBojera n06erao
Mo~ .
nOTlf~e JepHHe, Kojn ce no JIeTOllHCH"
CKOBCKY, ria [(OCJle HeKOJIHKO ro):lHHa
Ma Be3yje 3a HOBO Bp):lo H KOCOBO, Te
0):1 OHYAU npeKO MaljapcKe ):Iomao y
ce YTpa):lHl\HjH MHTpOBHl\a Ha KOCOBY
Cp6Hjy H C TYPUHMa ce 6HO. 11 Ha):lBJIa
3aMeHUJIa .cpeMcKoM.
JlaBIIHi HX Ii npcTjcpaBIIIIi npeKO MOpa,
p.n.

6al\HO 3a IbHMa CBOj 6Y3):10BaH y Mope,

1963, ):IOKTOpCKa ):IHcepTaUHja). Ypa
rOBope.lm: - Ka):\ oBaj 6Y3}:\OBaH 6y}:\e
}:\HJla HH}\CKC npHnoBe}:\HHx necaMa
H3amao Ha cyxo, OH):Ia ce H TypUH
Vsebi/lski lipi slovellskih ;:i.povedllih
BpaTHJlH aMO. BY3):1oBaH O):lMaX caM
pesmi, Jby6JhaHa 1974. Ype}:\HHK je
H3Hlje Ha 6pHjer. YTOM My ce aHljeo
rOnHWlhC 6H6JIHOrpacpHje 3a HCTpa
jaBH roBopehH: - 11 TH MO)KellI H ):I06ap
)KHBalbe 6aJlaJ1a (cf>paj6ypr - lby6Jba
TH KOIb MO)Ke, aJIH TH Bor He ):Ia.
Ha). Je):l<1H je 0):1 npHpeljHBa"lJa KpH
OCJI060):lUJIa'lKe H):Ieje, C cpaHTaCTH'I
TH'IKe 36HpKe Slove/lske ljudske pesmi,
HHM eJIeMeHTHMa 'Iy):la, 06JIHKyjy ce y
I (neo Pesem slovenske dezele), MapH
CHHTe3Y peaJIHCTH'IKH carJIe):laHe He
60p 1976.

MHHOBHOCTH HCTopHjcKe cHTyaUHje, y

H.M.-S.
):IecnOTOBHHH Cp6HjH, nOCJIe KOCOB
CKor 6oja, KOjOj nOBpaTKa Ka caMO
KYMOBA (KYMOBCKA) CJIAMA.
CTaJIHOCTH H CJI060):lH Ta):la BHme HeMa.
TIo HapollHoM npenalby Ha3HB 3a MJIe
KYJITYPHOHCTopHjCKa npe):lalba 6aBe
'IHH TIyT, HaCTao npeMa npHnOBe):lalbY
ce H H3BeCHHM, npHJIH'IHO Ta'lHO
KaKO je KyM Oil KyMa yKpao CJlaMY Koja
carJIe):laHHM nOpO):lH'IHHM H HCTOPHj
My je IIYTeM Hcna):laJla, Te je Bor
CKHM O):lHOCHMa, KOjH ce nOHeKa):l
OCTaBHO 3a cnOMeH, ):Ia Ha He6y
npeJIaMajy y JIOKaJIHHM npe):lalbHMa,
Be'lHO cju.
):IajyhH eTHMOJIOllIKO 06jamlbelbe
P.Il.
HMeHa MeCTa, Koja npH TOM caMHM CBO
jHM nocTojalbeM CJIY)Ke Kao ):IOKa3
KYHAPA nJIAHUHA HJlH KYHO
BepO):lOCTojHOCTH HCnpH'IaHOr (Dlla'io
BUQA. OMHJbeH JlOKaJlHTeT y enCKHM
iUUIl je ):I06HO HMe no y3BHKy l\apHl\e
neCMaMU 0 YCKOl\HMa H MYCJIHMaHCKHM
MHJIHl\e - BJlaro MeHH eTO Mora CH
jYHal\HMU; npeTriOCTaBJba ce ):Ia je TO
Ha!). 0):1 HH3a kYJITYPHOHCTOPHjCKHX
ropa KYHOBal\ H3Ha):l KOTapa.
npe):lalba CaCTaBJbeHa je enCKa 6Horpa
P.Il.
cpHja MapKa KpaJbeBHlia, 0):1 HaT
npHpO):lHOr poljelba, CTHl\alba CHare H
KYHA XACAH-ArA. OMHJbeH jy
'KOlba lIIapl\a, iIpeKO TpHCTarO):lHllllber
HaK liYCJIHMaHCKHX encKHX necaMa,
KpeTalba OB03eMaJbCKHM CBeTOM, y3
Be3yje CC 3a Yn6HHY, KHHH. H HOBH..
BH):IJbHBe TparOBe H nO):lBHre ):10 CMpTH,
BopH ce ca KOTapCKHM YCKOUHMa (CT.
Koja je caMO npHBpeMeH, ):Iy60K caH.
JaHKOBHliCM, 11. CMHJbaHHlieM H' ):Ip.).
KyriTYPHOHCTopHjcKa npe):lalba nOHe
TeMe 0 OTMHl\aMa ce Be3yjy 3a OBora
Ka}:\ npeJIa3e y aHer):lOTY, nOHeKa}:\ y
jYHaKa H y xpHlulia'HCKoj enHl\H; nOMH
exemplum (B.), HHKa):l He paCKH):Ia
!be ce H y JlHPCKHM necMaMa; A. Ka'lHh
jyhH 'IBpCTy Be3Y ca enCKOM noe3HjoM.
ra CBpCTUBa Mel)y 60caHCK~ jYHaKe.
Y paHHjoj. JIHTepaTypH, nojaM KYJI
P.Il.
TYPHO-HCTopHjcKor npe):lalba 6HO je
06yxBaheH C HeKOJIHKO H3pa3a KaQ:
KYPEJIAQ,cJ)pan (1811-1874), cKyn
. JIereH):Ia 0 60rOBHMa H xepojHMa;
Jbalf HapO):lHHX necaMa, KIbH)KeBHHK,
JIOKaJIHO-MeCHO npe):lalbe. Je):lHHH 06y
qJHJIoJIor, Hal\MOHaJI~m pa):lHHK. Y ):IBa
XBaTHH nojaM KOjH 6H OBOM nojMY'
Maxa, 1846. H 184&, 60paBeliH Meljy
O):lrOBapao? 6HO 6H By~OB TepMHH
rpa~~lliliaHcKHM. Xp~aTHMa npoy'la
jYHaUH H KOIbH IbHXOBH .
Bao je IbHXOB )KHBOT H 06H"lJaje H CKy
J3.. llpeoaH?e:.
H.M.-'S. .. nHO ):Iparol\eHY 36HPKY HapO):lHHX ne~
. . caMa JallKe lUlU liapOOFle iijecMe upoc- .
KYMEP, 3Mara (poljeHa 1924), CJIa~
1Ti0'ia lk Ileilpocilio'ia iiyKa xpBaiUcKo'ia
BHCT H 'eTHOMY3HKOJIOr, Hay'lHH caBeT
ilo JlCyilax lllOilpOlbCKOj, MoiuolbCKOj u
HHK CA3Y. BaBH ce CJIOBeHa'lKOM
JlCeJle31l0j Ila Y'ipu, 3arpe6, 1871.
HapO):lHOM noe3HjoM, noce6Ho 6aJIa
B. .Ia'lKe.
):10M (Balada 0 nevesti detomorilki.
P.Il.

126

127

iiucy (1969), YCMelle 6allaoe DOCile

KYKY JhEBlln-CAKQIIHCKII,

II

Xepl(elo6U1le (1973), DONoe BYKa

MBan (1816-1889), HCTOpH'Iap, KlbM

Kapal,lulia iipeMa iieCMGMa Ila Melju

)KeBHHK H nOJIHTHlIap. OCHHBa'l xpBaT

CKe apXHBHCTHKe. BaTpeHH n060pHHK
HJIHpCKOr I10KpeTa. Kao OCPHl\HP
yrapcKe IIBopCKe rap):le, nOCJIe n03
HaHCTBa C rajeM HanymTa BOjHY
CJI~6y. Y Ca60py ce 3aJIa)Ke 3a yBO
Ijelbe HapO):lHOr je3HKa y jaBHH )KHBOT.
Ca lb. rajcM H A. BpaHHl\aHHjeM BO):lH
HapO):lHH nOKpeT 1848/49. fO):lHHe
1850. OCHHBa ,D,pylllTBO 3a nOBjeCTHHl\Y
jyrOCJIaBCHcKY. a 185l. lberoBo rJIaCH
JlO ApKIIR 3a llOBjecilillUljY jy'iocllaBell
CKy. CaKynJba H3BOPHY H apxHBcKY
rpaljy, pYKonHce, cpe):llbOBeKOBHe H
):Ipyre CIJOMeHHKe H H3):1aje CIIOBIlUK
),MjeilillllKax jy'iocllaBellcKux (I-II,
1858-1860). Hapoolle iijecMe iiyKa
xpBailicKo'i 06jaBHo 1846. BaBH ce
npe):lalbHMa H npHnOBeTKaMa (ApKHB
1854, III - Hapoolle iipuiioBjeciUu 0
MeoBeo'ipaoy).

(1973), 'Eep3eJle3 Alluja y YCMelloj

iUpaoU/juju u iipuiioBeljU HBe AHOPU
Ita (1976), 0 iioeiUC/wj iipupoou ceB
oallullKe (1976), JIupcKe iieCMe Epllall
'iellcKo'i pYKoiiuca (1977), AlliUollo
'iuja Ilapoollux 6G11aoa (1978).
p.n.

KPCTIfli, EpanHCJlaB (1889-1966),

npoY'IaBaJIal\ HapO):lHe noe3Hje, oco
6HTO enCKe ca HCTOPHjCKOM TeMa
THKOM, TparaJIal\ 3a HCKOHCKHM CJIoje
BHMa cTapHx TeMa H BepOBalba Y
IbHMa. lberoBo Haj3Ha'lajHHje ):IeJIo
HlloeKC MoiUuBa Ilapoollux uecaMa,
paljeHo je npeMa CKOPO CBHM lllTaM
naHHM 36HpKaMa jyrOCJIOBeHCKHX Ha
pO):\HHX necaMa, Kao H 6yrapcKHX, H
npeMa PYKonHCHHM 36HpKaMa H3
CAHY H ETHorpacpCKor MY3eja Y
Beorpa):lY

I;

p.n.

KPCTOHomKE nECME. nO):lBpCTa

06pe):lHHX necaMa JIeTlber .iIepHO):la.3a
.npH3HBalbe Knme; npaTelm XPHCTH
jaHH30BaH 06pe):l Howeiba KpCTOBa
JIHTnje y nOJba, Y BpeMe JIeTIbH.X cyma,
OBe neCMe YMHorOM cy aCHMUJIOBaJIe
~ape eJIeMeHTe ):IO):lOJICKHX necaMa, y3
06aBe3aH xpHlllliaHCKH npnneB:

"

:1

!I

lilll:

'ii

H.M.-'S.

I' KYJITYPHOIICTOPIIJCKA nPE

.1 .

I!

,...

r
KYPHDElJHD, liCHCJJ;HKT (npBa non.
XVI B.), CJIOBeHa'lKH nyToIDIca~. llpo
wao HaWHM KpajeBHMa 1530-1531, Kao

TyMa'I aYCTpHjcKor nOCJlaHCTBa Koje je

HWJIO Y UapHI1'a~ Ha nperoBope. Y
CBOM MiiiulfepapujYMY, wTaMnaHOM
nyTonHCY, 3anHcao je ~paro~eHe no
~aTKe 0 'l)'BaI:by HapO~He Tpa~~Hje, 0
neBaI:bY Hap0JJ;HHX necaMa 0 KOCOB
CKHM jYHaUHMa H ~oraljajHMa H 0
caBpeMeHHM MYCJIHMaHCKHM jYHaUHMa.
p,n.

KYXAlJ, ~paI:bo (1834-1911), q:,OJIK

nopHcT H KOMno3HTop, je~aH 0):1
3a'leTHHKa xpBaTcKe H jyrOCJIOBeHCKe

eTHOMY3HKOJlOrHje. CaKynHo BeJIHKH

6poj neC8Ma, CKOPO 4000 MeJIO):lHja, H
Aao KOMnapaTHBHe aHaJIH3e xpBaT
CKHX UapoJlHHx MeJIOJlHja y OJlHOCY Ha
cyce)lHe KpajeBc. Y Agrammer Zei
tung-y o6jaBHo TeKCT 0 36HpKaMa
Hapo~HHx necaMa (1873). qeTHpH
KI:bHre 300pHHKa .IY:JIClfocJlaBjelfcKe
lfapooHe iioiilleBKe (I-IV, 1878-1881)
JIAJ].APCKE nECME (JIAJ].APH
H3aWJIe cy 3a I:bCrOBa )KHBOTa, CJIe):lelie
UE). 06pe~He JIHpCKe neCMe Koje cy
IlBe noCJIC CMpTH. BaBHO ce H xpBaT
neBaJIe ~eBojKe JIa)lapH~e 0 HBaH>):Iaay
CKOM MY3WIKOM HCTOPHjOM, onHCHBao
HJIH J].yxoBHMa, Hapo'IHTo y CJIOBeHHjH
pa3Boj MY3H'IKHX HHCTpYMeHaTa (llpu
Jl02 aa iiOBlleciii 2J1aa6e jY:JICHOCJlaB H XpBaTcKoj. C npHneBoM JIa):lo, KOjH
no HeKHM npeTnocTaBKaMa 03Ha'laBa
jelfcKe, Rad JAZU 3a 1877-1882).
HMe naraHCKe 60rHI:be. ILHXoBaCa):lp
H.M.-'S.
)KHHa H Ha'IHH H3BoljeI:ba CJIH'lHH cy
KpaJbWIKHM neCMaMa (B.).

t\
KHC3<l Jla:mpa H on KOCOBCKor 6oja.
JIa3apHl\ll cc IIO'IHH>C:
liap Mypaiiie y K{}('rJHO tlU()u,

Kwm I1m)e ('mull), K/hllly iillUle

na je 1III1.1/>(~ IW KpYllleHllY lPUOY

H.M....';.

JIA)K 3A OnKJIAJ].Y. Je~Ha 0):1

npBHX 06jaBJbeHHX BYKOBHX npHnOBe
):IaKa (BYK. llpHn. 44; Aath 1920),
npB06HTaH HaCJIOB ,>Bocd H ~HjeTe
(Ha HCMa'IKH npcBeo 1818. JyJIHjyC
IIIOTKH). IIIaJbHBa HOBCJIa 0 Ha):lJIarH
BaH>Y '"Roce BO):lCHH'lapa H ):IC'IaKa
):IOMHWJbaHa, y KOjOj n06cJJ;y (H nora
'IY) 01lHOCH ~C'IaK. J].etlaKoBo npHno
BC~aH>C JIH'IHHX ):IO)KHBJbaja O)limja cc y.
BPCMCay Ka~ ~CTC >'y MJIa)lO n06a
6cjawc '>CTap tIOBCK; JIOUHpaHO H3MC
Ijy Hc6a Ii 3eMJbC, 06HJIyjc H3BaHpc~
HHM XyMopOM ancYP):la. HH30M Ha~
pcanHcTH'lKHX aJIH H pCaJIHCTHtIKHX
)lCTaJba H3 ceOCKor )KHBOTa. Y pa3JIH
tlHTHM MalliTOBHTHM KOM?HHa~HjaMa
ancYPIlHo XyMOpHCTH'IKHX MOTHBa, OBa
q:,a6yJIa jc pacnpoCTpaH>CHa no ~eJ10M
jyroCJIoBcHCKOM Tcpeay y HH3Y BapH
jaHaTa.l
H.M.-I>.

A:

.'

I Yn.
HIIKOJlllh. 21890.47-52:nMc IB72.erp.
145. 1884. erp. 109: SB J897/XII. crp. 368.
84; .3H)!(Q 1905IX. crp. 202.
.1900/XV.
203: t908lXIII. crr. 93; M.S:-C.. MHn. narll

err.

~.

jaHTc

Ha err. IBO. 11'1'11.

JIA3APUUA. HapO~Ha neCMa 0 KHe

3y JIa3apy H KOCOBCKOM 6ojy: TaKO
30BY CJIHjcm.tH OHY BCJIHKY njcCMY Oil

128

11 CilC cy OCTUJIC KOCOBCKC njecMc

KpWUl Oil Jhl3apl1l.\c. OBaKO jc y
Pje'IHW'.I' (1818) BYK 06jacHHo oBaj
mrmll () KOMC BHIIIC HHjc KacHHjc llaBao
Ilo/(aTUKli. Y IbCroBOj pYKonHcHoj
OC'l'aBIIITHHH .ic Hco6jaBJbCHa nyra
UCCMU 0 KOCOBCKOM 6ojy, HCKa BpCTa
na3Upl1l\c. Kojy jc 1821. ~06HO Oil
I1H1/.1CKor uupoxn ABpaMa .llaHHlia.
OHa I1Ma oJ{JIlll<;:n 1II1CaHOr HH):IHBH.ny
aJlHOr I10CT<lIi>a, T3U. rpat;aHcKC nOC3H
je. y CTHXy. jC3HKY H CTHJIY; no.ncclia Ha.
IlCCMC 13. PaKHha H r. KOBa<ICBHlia (B.
Cpt/eKe .IIUp()()He iijecMe, U3 He06
ia8lbelfLLl: PYK.OiillCtl B.
Kapal,iulia,
II, Beorpnll, 1974)..
I1CCMC 0 KOCOBCKO~i 60jy Koje jc ByK
3aOCJIC)KHO. (KI-Mfra II) 3ace6Hc cy
CIlCKe I~CJlHHe .. Haj'lcmlic CjC):\HHM UCH
TpaJIHHM JloraljajcM; y .nBC neCM~ (Uap
JIa-mp 11 ItapHI(a MHJIHua 11 llponaCT.
llupcTBa cplICKora} oncBajy CC 36H
llUl-ba y JIBC pa3BI1jcHe cnH30;J;tC, KOjC. HC
Y HCTH AUH. BCJiHKa 6yrapllITH~
I\a 0 KOCtillCKOM 60jy (EorHIlIHli, 1), c
1I0'IeTKa XVIII' B. H3 3anHca J. BCTOH
HHha. BHllleenHJOllHa je enCKa n.CCMa,
KtlO H cnCKC' nCCMC' HOBHjHx 3anHca (Ii.
)lcTpaHoIlHn, Klb. II: '26, IlponaOT
l\lipC'l'Ba cpu~Kora:. poca'HCJ<;a' BHJIa,
1886. ll.iccM~ '0 Clojy Ha KOCOBY) 'Kojc
cy, CBUKaKO', npoHYKT KaKBor BelUTor
. Hapo.nllor BC(13H<ill1KaTopa,
. I10KYlllaj C1'BapmhU eua KOCOBCKC TC
MU'fHKe jm~Jha cc Bcn notl. XVIII B. Y
KlbH)KCnIlOM CTBapaI:bY, Koje 'IHHH

129

cm.

npena3 H3Me~y YCMeHOr H nHCaHOr

Koc06Y 'ioouH.e 1389, ca OIlUlHPHOM
rrCCHHIIITBa, Y pyKOrrHCHHM rrCCMapH
YBOAHOM pacnpaBoM Y KOjOj H3HOCH Aa
L(aMa, T3B. rpa~aHCKe noe3Hje, KaO H Y
cy KOCOBelie enCKe neCMe caMO OAllOM
j:{My Pa3'io6op y'iOOHU HapOOa CliOl{H jeAHe BeJlHKe ueJlHHe Koja je cne
6uHcKo'ia (1756), [JUCJHlJ 00 MUJloma
BaHa. y6p30 nocJ1e caMor noraljaja.
Ko6uJlUha U BYKa opaHK06ulia.
CTojaH HOBaKoBHh je y CBOjoj CTYAHjH

TOKOM XIX B. 6Hhe BHWe U1TaMnaHHX

rOOUUt1bUlIIl
HUKOJ1e
lJyuuha, II

HHj:{HBH;nyallHHX nOKywaja cTBapalba

(1878) H3Heo l\OKYMeHTOBaHO MHWJbe

KOCOBCKor ena; Y Ha'lHHY Hapoj:{cKe

lbe ;IIa cy neCMe 0 KOCOBCKOM 60jy 6Hlle
mcaHe noe3Hje, TO cy nOKYUlajH KOjH
OAYBeK lloje;llHHa'me, Kao H OCTalla Ha
ce TeMeJbe Ha crapHjHM j:{ellHMa, Hnp.
ma enCKa lloe3Hja. ca tlHMe ce CJI0)KHO
cneB r. KOBa'leBHlia (1810), KOjH je
H T. MapeTHli: <l>pa rpra MapTHh
MHOro nyTa U1TaMllaH H j:{oTepHBaH, a
o6jaBJbyje 1886. ClleB 0 60jy Ha KocoBY
3aTHM JOKCHMa HOBHlia (JIaaapu!(a,
1389, npeMa HapO;llHHM neCMaMa, a
1847, ;nyrH cneB 0;11 npeKO ;IIBe XHJbaj:{e
1l0;llp)KaBajyhH IIaBHlieBo MHWJbelbe 0
crHXoBa).
1l0cTojalbY HapOUHor ena y npOUlJIO
IIpe;naBalba nOJbCKOr neCHHKa A;naMa
crH.
MmnejeBH'la Y IIapH3y (Les Slaves,
IIoKywaj HonaKoBHlia (KOCOBO:
IIapH3, 1849) H lberoBo TYMa'lelbe C
CpncKe HapO;llHe lleCMe 0 60jy Ha Ko

npeBO;nHMa cpncKe Hapoj:{He noe3Hje,

COBy. EIICKH pacflope;n C HOBaKoBHha
H3a3HBa BenHKO 3aHHMalbe 3a KOCOB
H ;IIpyrHx) nmKHBeO je BellHKH 6poj
CKY TeMaTHKY y KOjOj je MHUKjeBH'l
H3;nalba H liHPHllHlloM H JlaTHHHllOM;
YO'laBao encKY llMuny. IIOToM je M.
CBe ;110 npllHX nCD;eHHja OBora BeKa, TO
IIyUHli nOKYwao j:{a KOCOBCKe neCMe
je 6Hlla OMHJbeHa KlbHra y Hapo;ny.
cpenH Kilo lleJlHHY. Y npeBO;llY Ha HTa
nOlla3ehH on lberOBor craBa, THXO
JlHjaHcKH je3HK (1860). IIpe OBor
MHp OCTOjHli je 06jaBHo CBOj onlllHp

ITOKywaja, H3HWJla je y j:{Ba H3;11alba

HHjH cKyn HapOnHHX necaMa 0 60jy Ha .

KlbHra 'IeWKD-HeMa'lKOr neCHHKa

KOCOBY, 3a Hapou H IIIKOJlY, 1901;

3urq,PHna Kanepa (Siegfried Kapper,

OCHM OllHX 6HllO je HHnHBH;nyaJIHHX
Furst Lazar, Wien, 1851; Leipzig,
nOKywaja HaWHX KlbH:lKeBHHKa, Hnp.

1852) iia OCHOBY cpncKHX nP"e;llalba H

H. 'BopH~a, Kao H crpaHHX, KOjH cy
jYHa'lKHX necaMa, ;IlyrH cneB C MHO
npeBOnHml Hawe lleCMe 0 KOCOBCKOM
.WTBOM POMaHTH'IHHX enH30j:{a 0 KO
60jy, npolIIHpyjyliH HX BHWe HJlH Malbe
COBCKOM' 60jy. PyCKH Hay'lHHK II.
cBOjOM lIoe3HjoM; Ha eHrneCKOM je
Be3cOHoB Y'lacomcy PyCKag 6ece;lla
H3alllao 'faKaB nOKywaj Elodie Lawton
06jaBHo je 1857. cneB y np03H KOjH je
Mijatovic, 1881, a Ha HeMa'lKOM on

Ha3Bao na3apHUa, a Y KOMe je, pe'lHMa .

wHpaH cneB Karla Grobera: Die

HaWHX HapOnHHX necaMa H IlpH

Schlacht am Allselfelde (Be'l, 18SS).

nOBe;llaKa, H3HeTa nOBecr 0 nponacrH

P.o.
Ha KocoBY. <l>paHwcKH nHWIOMaT H
neCHHK, Adolf d'Avril 06jaBHo je 1868.
JIA3APHUE. .I1,eBojKe Koje 0 JIa3a
ycneo npeoon Hall!lpC HapOnHHX Ile
peBoj cy60TH Hj:{y OA 'Kyhe ;no Kylie H'
caMa 0 KocoBY, H cnojHBUlH HX, Ha
neBajy llH3apH'IKe neCMe.
.
'lHHH.o Bpcry ena, npxehH ce Y Haj
P.ll.
Benoj Mep}!" HapOnHHX necaMa H3 By
K;oB~II Klbure (La bataille de Kosso
JIA3APHlIKE llE(":ME. .06pej:{He
vo; rapsodie serbe .. ) .. ABpHllOB Pan
'llHpcie HapOnHe neCMe' 'npPJIellHor
noncraKao je CTojaH8 HOBaKoBHlia -na
nepHo;lla Y:KojHMa H3pa:lK.8Baffie ;IIq6
TO HcrO y'IHHH C i-Japo;nHHM KOCOBCKHM
pHX )KeJha 3a '3;npaBJbe, Hanpe;naK
neCMaMa Ha HaweM je3HKY, 1871.
;noMaliHHU H YKyliaHa 'lHHH rJIaBHY
APMHH IIaBHli je 1877, cacraBHo Y
TeMY. TIecMe neBa rpyna AeBojaKa,
rgeJluny Hapoolte ujec.Me o 60jy Ita
WTO MJlaI)Hx; Jleno 06)"'leHC H yKpa

.n'

"

."'"

130

weHe, 06HJIa3e Kyhe, 06paliajy ce

CBaKOM, noce6HO HaMefbeHOM rrCCMH
D;OM. OBe cy ce neCMe, HeKaA Be3aHe 3a
npaCTape 06penHe KYllTOBe y C1l8By
npoJIeha H 6y~elba )KHBOTa, XPHCTH

jaHH30Bane H Be3aHe 3a npe;llycKpwlbH

Ilpa3HHK na3apeBe cy60Te, WTO je

AonpHHellO lbHXOBOM otlYBalby. Bpe

MeHOM ry6e CBOj OCHOBHH CMHcao,
H3pa)KaBalbe j:{06pHX )KeJba, Te npHMa
jy H lIIaJbHBe eneMeHTe. BYK je 3a6e~
lle)KHO y CpeMY 0 JIa3apeBoj cy60TH
OC06HTY BpCTy Hrpe ;neBojaKa y Korry, C
MyWKHM neTeTOM Ha pYKaMa. na3a
pH'lKe neCMe cy ce ;110 ;IIaHac O'lysane y
HCTO'lHoj H jY:lKHOj Cp6HjH H HapO'lHTO
Ha KOCOBY Te no WapnJIaHHHCKHM
ceJ1HMa.
B. JIaaapUlle.
1'_0.

fiUflYKOI.:.MO TypIC!! Uti B.IIaxu1be,

ociiiuileMo Ma3()u iiplIjeKopHu

Tu

lIl/jec<lM Ill/ iLl ()() KUMeH.a,

He J/Cu.IIlliiie Atlmieiii JlI iiOUliUe1be!

(BYK IV141)

IIopen yo6H'lajeHHx xepojcKHX n;pTa,

lbera onJIHKyje CBeCT 0 O;llroBOPHOcrH
npeA HCToPHjOM. y ca;llallllbCM. aJIH H Y
6YAylieM npeAHoBalbY reHepaD;Hja.
TpaAHI~Hja MY IlpHnHcyje H OMY peTKy
BPCTY aJITpYHCTH'IKe JbY;llCKe xpa6po
CTH Koja npHXBa'f<l ycaMJbeHocr npe;n
cMphy. CTaBJbalbeM )KHBOTa ;IIpyrHX
YCTaHHKtl H3HaJ~ conCTBeHor )KHBOTa.
IIOIlYT 'IYlleHHX pe'JH YCKO'IKor jYHaKa
BY'J~a Jby6H'lHlia:

Ku,) liy At/wze plICI!lie.lllliiiu AtajKe

6f1.1be lleK(/ fi.lla'U! ltI.oja ca.M.a...
Kat) li.y ceje c 6puhllltl. paciiiaBuiiiu,

JIA3AP MYTAll, 6YJhy6allla H3 cella

ul).Ibe lleKU dUlljl/ ltI.oju C(l.Mtl.
IIPHCJlOHHue, jej:{aH 0;11 Bo~a H jYHaK y
Ku() /iy .Iby(k Y pm) ofipeAtuiiiu
rOTOBO CBHM 6HTKaMa npBor cpnCKor
6o.lbe HeKU !Uk ltI.oju CIIAta!
ycraHKa. lhawao Ha mac Ben 1805. y

(IlYK 111161)

60jeBHMa Ha KapaHoBD;y H '1a'lKY.

CTaMeHH 'lyBap CBor 3aBH'IajHor Trra y

3BY'JH 1l0pyKa na3apa MYTana YCTaHH

Me~yycraHH'JKoM nepHOnY. YMpO on
D;HMa:

paHa 3an06HjeHHX y QHI(H Ha '1a'lKY;

nO'leTKOM m,yror cpncKor ycraHKa
AKO .II' ltI.oja ilUf)lle pyca l.llaea
1815. OMHJheH fiHK. He caMO <l>H:lIHna
fill ce om)a JUfllbUiiill lle.AlOjiiie,
BH1IIlbHha, Hero H IIIHpe ycraHH'lKo
fleli. 201UOfle K~~H,e iioLjeolluiiie,
-noeTCKe TpanHD;Hje (on KpWHora
fill fije;JKlllue y 3eM.lby Cp6ujy
MYTana na3apa 3a3Hpe H CYllejMaH
6je;JK'me fipali.o /Ie 2111llliiie .IIyOot
-nawa CKOnJbaK. H KOJIamHHCKH

TYPllH, a npeTeha TIpH'Ia 0 lberOBOM

(By" IV139)

jYH8WTBY QPeT.XOnH y lleCMH lberoBoj

CTBapHoj .nojaBH H no6enH.1 MCTOPHj

MO)Kna BHwe HerO H jenaH llpyrH
CKO npenalbe 0 lbeMY n06Hja o6eJIe)Kje
YCTaHH'IKH jYH8K, na3ap MYTan HMa
H3rpa~eH enCKH llHK. Y lbeMy ce
e.IlCKe ~HITepCiOJIH3aD;Hje: IIpH'Ia ce na
je ila JLy6albaMa na3'i\p Myran 1815,
cytICJbaBa KocpBCKa Tpa"P.HD;Hja ca ye
TaHH'JKOM HnejHowliy, Heno6e;nHBoCT .
AO'leKaO C 3000 JhY):(H H pa36HO'nooO
MapKa KpaJbeBHna c xaj;Ily'IKOM BH
TypaKa. Cp6H cy nOCJIe TaKO rOHHllH
:rammwhy.. Kao H MapKo, na3ap je
TypKe, na cy OBH Beli '3aKYMHJIH'
JIYKilB (CIl TaTHUJ~a Jlajawe JJHcuua),
MYTana, na npeCTa~e rOHHTH iix; a OHH
HHKan 'BHwe' He~e BojwiHTH Ha . aJIH H xpa6ap (He 60j~ c;e .uapa HH
Cp6:ujy...)2
' . . ..,: .
hecapa); BeJIHKH je YCaMJheHHK, Mer
. BopGeHoCT 3a CRo6pny H .jac.T Cp6Hje .
AaHe ;neJIH caM. H~l( ra rqiaTH ~cTOjHH'
r:06paTHM. IIony'r xaj;llyqKor xapaM
aJIH H nH'lHa, JbyncKa MopanHa O;llro
Gawe, MYTan H no MpaKy BHnH KaHO .
BOPHocr npeMa He3awTHheHoM cra
HOBHHWTBY, lbCroBa cy oc66eHocr:
3BjepKa KypjaK y JlOHohH, HeBH;l\JbH
BO BOAH cBOjy tleTY Kp03 -ropy
131

3eneHY. 3aTO~JHHK Kapa\)Op\)eB,jellH

HM lbeMY ~aH, H3aOpaH je 3a MernaH
ca ApanMHoM, KOjH no enCKHM 3aKOHH
TOcTHMa MOry }:Iemrr'll caMO HajBeli'll
iynatlH:

oop6e IIPOTMI3 TypaKa. IToryOJbeH Ha

KOCOBY 15 (28) jYHa 1389.
Cne):{ehH HCTopHjcKe <IHlbeHHt\e, y

caOM Mmmpy. HapO}:lHa encxa neCMa

HarnarmlllU npal30 KHe3a JIa3apa Ha
OOHUBJbUIl.C HCMalhMhKe, BJla):{apCKe
MllCOJlOmjc. To npaBo 03aKOlhyje llBo
CTpYKO, npc CBCr<l H3PH'IHTOM >KeJbOM
caMora II!Ipa .uymmra 3a ycnOCTaBJba
IbCM JlerMTMMHor rCHeUJlOmKOr JlaHQa,
)KCHM]tOOM JIacmpcBOM C MWIHtlOM:

Koily CKuoe. DOpfjy K pylPl aotJe,

atI'MY Dopfje oecne ne ()a pYKe,
au Myiiiaua y o6paa uO.!by6u
yseoe 'iu y 6uje.t/e o(wpe,
aUK My ouOe fipsy '1ULUy csojy.

Ho tty All ,lie. niep"'l CIIYZO JIaao,

ja ClW 31.1 iiie IWlt/ilO belwjKY
II .m Melle Jlo6pfl npnjaTCJba
y OHora c-I'apor .IYI'-J'ol1\aHa...

11):tejHa KOHuent\Hja Mer):{aHa OB):{e ):(a

neKO npeBa3Hna3H OHnO KojH jyna<IKM
ooj ca ApanMHoM, jep. O):{ lberOBor
Hcxo):{a 3aBMce cYlloHHa H cnooo):{a
tlene CpoHje. JIa3apeBe pe~1H ynyheHe
Kapa\)op\)y H 3aKneTBa, y"HCTO BpeMe
npe):{cTaBJbajy 3aBeIIITalbe:

(Il)," 11/31)

a 3<tTMM. oCBcnl'l'<lJlomhy Te ::KeJbe

OO::KaHCKOM MYJIPOUlhy, npOBMl)ea,eM
KOMC HCMH cynpoTCTaBJbalba. TpaAH
I\UoHaJlH<I TCMIl 0 :>KCHH):{OH, yno\)ea,eM
MOTMsa 0 Ka,MnlM<l crapoCTaBHHM, 0
KlbH3H PtI360pHM'rKoj, oB):{e ):{ooHja
TC:>KMHY IICH30C:>KHC. jCllHHO npaBe):{He
cYA6HHe Y MC1'oPMjCKOj nepCneKTHBH:

Jl.a MU HUKO cy()uiiiu He MO;Jf(e

OCUM Bo'ia U iiiefie je()no'ia.
HeBOJbHO npH3Halbe nooe\)eHor Apa
nHHa Ha caMpTH TBOja 3eMJba H TBo
ja CpoHja! - ):lOoHja CY):{OHflCKH npH
3BYK, a JIaJapeBa nooella 060rahyje ce
Te>KMHOM pcBeTe KocOBa, HHBeHTHB
Homhy BMmlbMheBe MAeje 0 nonacKY
Ha Mer):{aH,' y CyO.oTY Ha CBeTor
JIa3apa, H TaKO cnaja HeoecKo ca
3eMaJbCKHM UapCTlIoM. Y nyHOM KOH
TMHYMTeTY Tpa):{HUHje, y je):{HHcTBY
cynpOTHOCTH, nooeny O):{HOCH CpoHja:

II!! IhCMY

he oCTanyTiI l(apCI'Bo.

II,(J.!/e hI' '(tlP(IHII/TiIl JIu;:w

KpYllIeHlIY Kill) Hm),: Mopa6t!.

('II

,j'

\lB.H 3Hllua,a 3!lIlY:>KOHHe (3H):(albe

J>anaHMHc). 'ICCTO Ha MWIWlHHY ".HH
t\HjaTMny. TaKol)c jc y <pyHKt\HjHJIa:3'a.
penor npMKJbY'IHBalba HMeHHMa M
l!enHMa CJIaBHHX HCMua,HhKHX npe):{a
Ka KTHTOpa:

1 B}'K IV/4i.
1).

cazpaouo ce6u aaoy;JK6uHY

a CSOM Ae6y U 0 C60Me fiAa'ly,
a &3 cyaa 6ea CUpoiiiWbcKuje.

MHlIlIheHllh. KHe:JICeBUHU Cp6uju. CTP,

609.

JIA~APXPEBElliAHOBWfi.KHE3
JIA3AP (1329-1389), CHH I1PHPUa
.XpeoeJbaHoBHha, norc>TeTa Ha ):{BOpy
uapa ,Il;YWaHa. I10CJIe CMpTH ,Il;ymaHO-,
Be, ynpaBJbao oonaCTHMa: 'f)~0' HoBor
,Bp):{a"i\ noCJI~ Ypomese CMpTH IIOCTao . ,
rocno):(ap ueJIe oo~aCTH CpoHje, OKQ'
MopaBe. Y CJIJ)KOH Ha ):(BOPY tlapa ,Il;y
maHa, O>KeHHO ce MHnHt\OM, hepKOM
KHe3a BpaTKa, nOTOMKa BYKaHa
HeMalbMha. 0):( 1371. npe}:lBO}:lHHK

132

Ko He ()ot/lO y 6()j Hll Km,:08o

lit) pYKe My I/III///lla lie P()()UJlO
p~IJM Kai;u C)OK My je 11:OlbeH.a.

(BYK 1162)

BeOMa peTKO, HCllOJbaBa ce lla3apeB

KapaKTep Henocpej:(HO, Y ):{HpeKTHHM
MOHon03HMa WIH ):{Hjan03MMa, Kao
npHnHKOM lberOBor caocehajHor npHX
BaTalba MMJlH'IHHe MOJlOe ):{a joj
OCTaBM opahy, opHI'e 3a a,y, HanHja
IbCM 3J:\pasHue, H3roBapaa,eM KJleTBe;
na H oHj:(a je Y <PYHKt\HjH IIIHpe Hj:(eje
KOjOj je KHe3 >KHBOTBOPHO OJlH'lelbe: Y
fipaoM cilY<iajy, ):{a OH Aomno ):{o
H3pa>Kaja CTaBJbalbe ):{Y::KHOCTH H
Hat\HOHanHe 'laCTH H3HaA JlH'IHe oce
hajHoCTH, a Y CBeTJlOCTH OOH'lajHor H
nopO):{H'lHOr Mopana, KOjM KHe3Y oneT
):(aje noceony JbYllCKY ):{MMeH3Hjy; Y
OPYZOM CilY<iajy, ):{a 01'1 ):{o H3pruKaja
):{omao ranaHTHH, AOCTOjaHCTBeHH Ka
Tanor jynaKa y nynoj KapaKTepH3!lU H
jH nH'lHOCTM, aJIH oneT y n03a):(HHH H
KHe3, 'lHjH je n03HB Ha O,llrOBOpHOCT
mimeH npHCWIe:

OQPTaBUlbe lla3apeBor nHKa nOCTH:lKe

ce y encKoj noe3HjM je):(MHCTBOM jaBHor
Ma,ea,a, I10cpellHOM KapaKTepM3at\H
jOM H3 YCTa no):{aHMKa, Ba3aJla, paTHH
KU, HapaTOpa, y HMe HapOllHor HCKYC
TBa, noceoHMM BM):(OM ):{HCTaHt\HpaHe
CTMnH3allHje (CBojCTBeHe cpnCKoj Ha
PO):{HOj enMt\H KOcoBcKor Kpyra), ca
3BY'ljeM cae'laHHX, Y3BHmeHHX TOHOBa
(CJlUBHM, 'leCTHTH KHe3, cpnCKa KpyHa
3JlaTHa, o):{ CpoMje rnaBa), H eMO
'1'HBHHX. npMcHHx oopahalba 1'1 HCKa3a.
Y30p M OTeJlOTBOpelbe BpnHHa, OH npH
TOM HMjC HenOBpellHB. Y caBeTY KOjH
Hnp. MHJlOIII OOMJlHn ):{aje MBany
KocaH'lMny, nocne lberoBor n03HaTOr
H3BemTaja 0 CHnMHH TYPCKe BojCKe,
OTKpMBa ce ynpuao OBaKaB' lla3apeB
JlHK:
HeMoj !l1I1Ko KHe.JY Kl/alleaiiiu,

jep he lIaM ce KI/e.1Ift! aa6puH.yalu

t/ ella

MIIAII/(II jc JIa3Y (;yljcnmla.

H,M,-To,

2 M.

30pa6 MUJlowy, sjepo u neejepo,

apsa ejepo, uoalOIba neejepo!

Cjyiiipa hew Me U30aiii na Kocosy,

U o06jehu alypcICOM ljap-Mypaaly!

30pue MU 6y()u,"u aopasUl1Y UOu.uj,

suno uouuj, a Ha 'Ulciii

aexap/

mu,

Y iUpeheM CilY<iajy, JbYTa KHe>KCBa

KJleTBa HaBOj:\H ce y YnPaBHOM roBOPY,
aJI~ Kao CTanHO npHcYTHO ,IIO):{cehalbe
Y nOHaBJbalbY ):(pymx jYHaKa. Kao
YCBojeHa H 3By'lHa onOMeHa YHYTap
1il OCmmH! )I dfioA), IbllHOMY
CBHX ytJecHHka y. oojy. ORa ):(eJlyje Kao
tI Ile 'iPlI,()1I111tZ.)e .Jtll)y:iK(5une.
nO):(CTHQ~ 1'1 eMoTHBHM nyToKa3 3a
jellHHCTBeHY aKUBjy y HMe nOKOJbelba
OBO rpal)clbe ]\OoMja. Me\)YTHM. HMAH
K0ja l\ona3e;. Hf: Kao npeBeHTHBa o):{
BMl1YanHO ooenC)Kje ocooeHOM 1'1 lfCTO
CTpaxoBHTHX nOCJI!'l):(Ht\a He!f3BpmeH.a;
pfljCKM il(>TBpljcnm.i lleMOKpaTM'lH0
jep ce nH"I:!la,e HeH3Bpmelba A)')KIiOCTH
lilhy mi'IHHI'i 1f3Bol)ea,a (l'!: 3aoyiK:6u
fie, nOCTaBJba. I1pHnarQbeaa, JIa3ap'e
He), , 'KapUKTepl13a1\HjoM, .. JIa3apesor',
BOM ]lHKY, OHa ce t nyTeM je):(Iffl.CTBa
noceOHor 1l0H<llliaa,a iIpeMc:i nOf\aHM
nyxOBHor CTaBa CBHX, Bpalia Ha nOTpe
I\MMa:
oy npolly::Kea,a tJaCHor ::KHBOTa Ha
OBOMe CBeTY H ):{aje BPXynCKH 3H a'laj
nm) 6UCo/W.4f illII) Kytlt/j iiAaHUHOM
npellCTojeneM ):(orabajy:
/limO je JIII,lll ('ufpw)uo IlpK6Y,
.111 ,1I!'1H11J11111 jll!WIIl' ,1tI c6ojeia,

lie ('I' Hojaw iioiiAall.malu.

Ha KHe3U. BpxOBHor t:<?cno):(apa, Ha

yrnell, ynepeHe cy 0'11'1 CBHX paTHHKa.
OH H IbcroBO pUcnoJlO::Kelbe MepHnO
c:y Ba>KHOCTH H Te::KHHe npe):{CTojenHX
l,\oral)aja. Ha noc~oHoj cyreCTHBHOCTit
3pa'lelba lberoBHX JbY):{CKHX ocooHHa y
CBMM oonMUHMa >KMBOTa, OOJlHKyjy ce
nojMoBH xpa5pocTH H 'laCTH, 3aKJlH
H,aa,a M KJleTBe, HeBepCTBa H BepHOC
TM. ,Il;eo TaKBor CXBaTaa,a npe):{CTaBJba
M HCKa3 EYWMha CTjenaHa:
,,3Hu!l1/1 .AlII ce, Jl>yuofllle, co Kocosa ne

spaaluiiiu,

1" filII H(!f;y (}(.'filaiiill ()() (lojcKe KHeaa

JIaaapa... '

({inrH.iu.II:t"" I)

TU~Ba je

H nOCMpTHa }l{eJba MHJlO

meBa 3a OBeKoBe'lelbeM OB03eMaJb
CKHX, :>KHBOTHO. MopanHO H <PeY):{aJIHO
3aCHOBaHHX CTaBOBa npeMa JIa3apy:

133

"KoICo CaM 20 ja A'jeua aa :HCuaoina ceoz

oaopuo,
HeICa ja !beza oaopUM u Y Mainepu IfPHOj
ae.M..lbu.
(BOrJIIDlIh. Gp. 1)

11 caMO KocoBO omlCHO ce Ha3lma y

TOM CMHCJIy, Kao pa360j l.JeCTHTOra
KHe3a, aJIH H pa300j CBIiX - Y JIa3e je
CHJIHH CpoaJb 6H'0 (BYK 11145).
Ty cy MAoia ICoUiba U3AO.M..lbeHa,
6palleh', zociio, caoza iociiooapa,
iociiooapa CAaellOZ ICllea JJaaapa.
(BYK 11144)

EMOTHBHO npHcBajalbe CaMe Jmeje '"'

OHTKe, lbeHOf OCTBapHBalba H HCXO}:la,
O}:l CTpaHe CBaKor paTHHKa Jme npeKO
JIa3apeBor JIHKa, H npeTBapa rrojMoBe
~ey}:laJIHHX nY)KHOCTH H lbHXOBor l.Ja
CHor H3Bpruelba y KoneKTHBHY 03ape
HOCT HJIH TparenHjy.

H iny HaM je u ICllea UOZUIlYO,

Ty cy Cp6JbH H3ryQR1lH ~apttBo
lfecinuinoia ~pa 3eMaJbCKora.

lbOBeKoBHoj KlbH)KCBHOCTH, rrO;!1BHr Y

errHQH, CBOjHM CTH'IK0-eMOTHBHHM H
HaQHOHaJlHHM Ha6ojeM, 3rymlbaBa ce
;!1a 6H CC HCKa3ao y rnaBHOM q'HHY
KOCOBCKor xepojCTBa.
npey3HMajyl'iH H3 CpenlbOBeKOBHe
rroeTHKe Y3SHmeHY nYXOBHOCT H
JbyoaB Kao CBeOOYXBaTHY BPJIHHY,
errCKa noe3Hja Aaje oopHce JIa3apeBOM
JIHKY Y H(lQHOH(lJIHOM rrpocropy OB03e
M8JbCKOr, Y OKBHpHMa 06H'lajHor.
JbYACKor H BHTemKor rrOHamalba.
OTY;!1 H OKpeHYTOCT rreBal.Ja Ka OQP
TasalbY lberOBor KapaKTepHor JIHKa
H3BaH oOnHtlja TeneCHor, noceOHHM
BH;!10BHMH CTHnH3aQHje. JenaH O}:l
TaKBHX UJmOBa je H nOcpe}:lHH orrHC
KHe)KeBe 1I0moHje, C nyHO 003Hpa. }:\a
ce He 6H II03nCAHno ~HHO TKHBO, He
caMO MHnH'IHHe ocehajHOCTH, Beh H
je}:\He 011l1l'l'e HapO;!1He CeH3HOHJIHOCTH:
l7iu ju lU)e..lf cu iiO.lhll KUt'UBa,
lA' Ile Hltljex '!eciiilll/iozu ICHeaa
Beh ja Bltljex ICIIe.1KeHa aeAeHICa,
hepujy 211 iio KOL'OH), TYP1$U,
1102UIlYO.
(BYK 1I14X) .

(BYK 11146)

H,a pacnoHY 3eMalbCKOr H' HeOeCKor

QapcTBa ynpaBO ce H OnHrpaBa Qena'

OHTKa, lbeHHM yqecHHQHMa 06e30el)y

..
jyhH, oneT npeKO JIa3apa, Tp3}:lHQHO-

HaJI~H KOHTHHYHTeT errCKe 6eCMPTHOC

TH, 'Onpe}:leJbHBalbe 3a QapCTBO He6e

CKO, Kao YOOH'IajeHa ~opMyJIa. cpen

IbOBeK9BHe Kf:bH)KeBHe noeTHKI;!, ~op

MyJIa je errCKa TaKol)e, a meH H3a
6paHHK H HOCJ?IaQ - JIa3ap, KaO paT

HHK H MOHax Y HCTO BpeMe.

Y JIasapeBOM JIHKy CY'leJbaBajy ce ABa

oCHoBHa MHcaOHa TOKa.errCKe rroe3Hje,

o KOCOBY: H}:IeOJl.OmKa HenpHKoc
HOBeHoci cpncKor cpe}:llber jJeKa H

paTHH'lKa HaQHoHanHa 'laCT. 'ETH"IKa'

ca}:lp}f(:ajHOc'r Harne eOCKe rroe3Hje, K<lO

H ~aM HCTOpJijl::KH }:Ioral)aJ OMOry'hyjy .
cnajaibe noja BpnHHe H nO;!1BHra H3
cpe;!1JbOaeKOBHe JIereH}:\e H KYJITa H

lbHXOBY YCMeHd-rroeTCKY CTHJlm8QHjy.

P83JIH'lHT O}:l CMHCJIa KOjH HMa y cpe}:lI

134

bsaKBOM Ha'IHHY CTHnH3aQHje rrpHrra

;!1a H OCIlCTJbeH,e IIpOCTOpa Kao nOla

nHHe Y 6yrapIIITH'IKOM KOCOBCKOM

Kpyry necaMa y oecKpajy BHCOKor

Be}:lpOr HcOa, 3BHje3noM )J;aHHQOM,

y HCTOKY CyH'IaHO~e.

H.M.-D.

JIAJmUf~KO H3,1lA1LE. 'YoOH'la

jeH Ha3HB 3a H3A<llbe qenipH KlbHre

cprrCKHX HapOAHI1X necaMa Koje je BYK

,Kapal,IHfi caopao H H3;!1aq Kao Kopnyc,

rrocJle ycnewHor oojaBlbHBalba ABe

necMapHlte (1814, 1815). He MoraBWH

;!106HTH O}:lOopCllic }:Ia HapO}:lHe neCMe

'IlI'(aMml y Be'IY, BYK O}:lJIa3H y HeMa-'

'tKY, r;!1e jy'ID!fao H Bpno 3Ha<IajHe cyc

peTe C opahOM: IPHM, waTepOM H. reo. ' ..
TeOM... Y JfajriQl1ryje o6jaBHo }:IPYry H

TPehy KH)~ry enCKHX HapO}:lHHX necaMa

1823. a rrpBY KlbHry JIHPCKHX 1824;

'IeTBpTa KlbHra enCKHX rrecaMa WTaM

naHa je TeK 1833. y Be'IY, Mel)YTHM H

II
I[

OHa ce yopaja y TIB. JIajrrQI1WKO 113;!1a

lbe, 3Ha'lajHo 300r Tora jep je TY BYK
npBH rryT H3J(BojHO )KeHCKe, Tj. JIHpCKe
rreCMe y rrpBy KlbHry H rronenl1o HX Ha
Ce;!1aM BpCTa: CBaTOBCKe, KpaJbH'IKe,
)KeTCna'lKe, }:\o]:\onCKe, y3 '1aCHI1 nOCT,
CBe<IapCKe H JbyoaBHe H }:Ipyre P83JIH
l.JHe. JYHa'iKe enCKe neCMe je 06jaBHo y
;!1pyroj, Tpehoj H 'IeTBpToj Kf:blf311,
nO;!1eJIImWH HX Ha }:IBe fpyne: HajCTapH
je H rro3HHje. OBO je npsa BYKOBa
KJlaCH~HKaQHja HaWHX HapO}:lHIiX ne
caMa KOjy he nonYHHTH Y nOCJIeJ(lbeM,
T3B. Be'lKOM H3AalbY (B.).
Y npBoj H 'IeTBPTQj KlbH3H OBora H3}:1a
lba Hana3e ce Bpno 3Hal.JajHH npe;!1ro
BOPH, Y npBOM je BYK H3JIO)KHO cBoje
nornene Ha Hawy HapOJ(Hy KlbH)KeB
HOCT, Ha lbeHY pacnpOCTpalbeHOCT,
noneJIY, Ha'IHH HaCTaHKa, )KHBOTa H
npeHowelba, Kao H lbeHe rJIaBHe OnJIH
Ke, cpe;!1HHY H CTBapaOll,e. Y npenro
BOPY 'IeTBpTe KlbHre BYK je rOBopHO 0
Haj3Ha'lajHHjHM neBa'lHMa on KojHX je
neCMe 3anHClmaO, HaBO}:lefiH lbHXOBe
ocooeHOCTH, CBe ruro je 0 fbHMa 3HaOH
Ha BHllIe MeCTa.yrHcKe Koje cy Ha lbera
OCTaBJbaJIH. QBaj npe}:lJ;'OBOp He caMO
ruro }:Iaje }:IparoQeHe nOAaTKe, Ben ce
cBpcTaBa H y HajJIenWe rrpHMepKe
BYKoBe np03e. Ooa npeJ(roBopa BpJIO
cy 3HaqajHa Kao BYKOB nOnpHHOC H
TeMeJb KlbJi)KeBHo-HcTOPHjcKHX H Teo
PHjCKHX H3yqaBalba YCMeHe cpnCKO~
xpBaTCKe Klb~eBHOCTH, aJIH H }:\Of!pH-
HOC npoyqasalbY YCMeHe KlbJi)KeBHOC
TH yonmTe. MonepHa TepeHCKa If
;!1pyra HCTPIDIQIBalblj. C~BpeMeHe HaYKe
nOTBp}:lWla cy If pa3BHJIa ByKOsa 3ana
)Kalba.
Y npHnpeMalby ooor H3}:\alba, BYK ce
onpeneJIHo 3a npHHQHn moopa: CBe
'1eTH,PH KlbHre cy aHTonomje, C BHCO
KHM YMeTHH'tKH.M KpHTepHjYMOM H3a
opaHIiX necaMa. Olia} Ha'lHH IIpHIipe- ..
MaH>B'KlbHra BYK je 3a}:lp)KaO H y Kac
I!Hje~ pany, Tpa::KefUf )'HeR: OA ~oopor
'IIeBaqa !leny J!.}:Io6py necMy.

p.n.

JIAJIEBHli,

MHo~par

(1902-1983),

~Hnonor, HCTOPH'IaP KlbH)KeBHOCTH,

135

MCTOnl1'lap H ~OnKJIOpHCT, IIHCall, neJIa

CUIlOlHtMU
II
cpOOlle pe'l.u CPU
cKoxpaaili,CIWl jC3ltKa, 1974. HapOAHY

KlbIDKCSHOCT npOY'IaBa Kao YMeTHoc1"""'"

PC'IH, npH TOM KopHCTefiH cBoje ~HJIO
nOWKO oopa30nalbe. BaBH cc onHOCOM
YCMeHe 11 nl1CaHe KlbH)KeBHOCTH
(nnHn, 1934, Klb. I. CB. 1; 1937, Klb.
IV. CB. 2); IIpooneMoM 6yrapWTHQa
(O;!1HOC H Be3a 6yrapwTHQa H T~6a
nHQa, nI1HI1, 1936, Klb. III, CB. 1;
YBonHa cTY}:Il1ja 30HPQH 6yrapmTHQa,
IllKoncKa OHOnl10TeKa 21, Beorpa;!1
21956). HanHcao HH3 pacnpaBa 0
IIOCJIOBl1ltHMa ( MywKaTHpoBHheBe
IIpHT"Ie Kao eTHorpatPcKH MaTepH
,ian, rn<lCHI1K ETHorpa~cKor MHCTH
TyTa CAHY, 1953/1955. Klb, II-III; 0
pa3Bojy H npoMeHaMa 3Hal.Jelba,
rnaCHHK ErHorpa~cKor MY3eja, 1955,
Klb. XVIII; I1pHJIOr rrpoy'laBalby
IIOcnOBHItU, 360PHHK panoBa III KOH
rpeca CwJ, 1958, H np.). ILeroBH npH
JI03H 113 06naCTH HapOnHe KlbH)KeB
HOCTH PCAOBHO ce nojaBJbyjy y 36op
HHQHMa paAona KOHrpeca ~OJIloio
pHCTa H HapO}:lHor CTBapaJIamTBa,

KM~

JIATHHKA ,I(JEBOJKA. CTajahe

HMe y errHll,H .3a JIerry, yrne}:lHy H
Haj"lewhe Ko6HY CTpaHKHlbY KOjOM C~ .
jYHaK )KeHH. ()KeHHn6a nymaHoBa,
ByK 1I128; )KeHI1A6a MaKCHMa :U;PHo
jeBHha, BYK II188):
p.n.
BH~O '(1901-1965).

I1CTOpl1 l mp jyrOCJIOBeHCKe H YCMe~e

KlbH)KeBHOCTH, KlbH)KeBHH If n030pH

II1MH 'KpHTHtlap, JI~KCH.Korpa~, npoqie

cop Wl1nOJIOWKOr ~aKyJITeTa y BeO

rpany. llIC~ KaTenpe 3~ Hapon~ Kf:bH

)KeBHOCT_Capal)HBao y HH3Y B8)KHHjliX

tIaCOIIHCa :U;PH'< rope, MI;lKe}:lOHHje H

CpoHje, OHO ype}:lHHK 'JaCOIIHCa I1PH

JI03H all KlbH)KeBHO~, je3HK, HCTOPHjy

H tPoJIlrnop, on 1954.
.

Y ,O!,BHPY rrHcafIe nHTepaType, 6aBHo ,

ce HapoiIHTO ILeromeM, CHMOM MaTa
RYJbOM (ItOKTopcKa }:IHCepTaQHja: Cu
.IW Maii1a8YJb y. UPlloj ropu, CKOIIJbe

JIATKOBH'B,

1:
t>[!'i

;1

1940), C. M. Jby6HIlIOM. TIoce6Ho je

3HaqajaH Kao npoyqaBana~ pa3nHqH
THX 06nacTH Hapo~He KlbIDKeBHOCTH
(Q jYHaqKoj enHl.\H Ha cpncKoxp
BaTCKOM je3HKY, CTBapalbe, UeTH
lbe, 1950, B. npe~roBop H 6eneIlIKe y
KlbH3H EilcKa HapOOlla iloeauja l.(pHe
rope, UeTHlbe, 1964; TIpHMepH H3
Hapo~He enHKe y ~pyroM H3~alby
ByxoBa Pje'tHuKa, B. AHanH <pHno
nOIlIKor cpaKynTeTa, CB. 4). IhyqaBao
Hapo~He neBaqe H neBalbe ca CTaHO
BHIUTa O~Hoca KoneKTHBHor H HH~H
BH~yanHor (Ca. MaiIluh, BYKoa ileaa't
ciIlapatj PawKo, TIpHn03H 3a KlbH
}KeBHOCT, 1956, XXII; BYKoa Pa'tYH
00 jYHa'tKux ilecaMa, KOBqe}KHh,
1959); ca CTaHOBHIlITa KlbH}KeBHe
HCTopHje (0 neBaqHMa cpncKoxpBaT
CKHX Hapo~HHX necaMa ~o Kpaja XVIII
BeKa, TIpHJI03H 3a KlbIDKeBHOCT,
1954, XX).
MCTpa}KHBaO je 3aKOHHTocm CTBapa
lba YCMeHe KlbIDKeBHOCTH (y rrpHKa3H
Ma ~ena IIIMayca, EpaYHa, JIop~a).
Pa3MaTpao rrpena3He cpopMe o~ yCMe
He Ka nH<;aHoj nHTepaTypH (KlbIDKeB
BOCT H je3HK y IlIKonH, 1954, I). )J;ao je
KOMeHTape BYXOBOj IV KlbH3H Cpil
CKUX HapooHux ilecaMa (1954). TIOCMP
THO H3~albe HapoOHe KT-bUJlceaHociIlu I
'. (1967), 06yxBaTa HCTOpHjy YCMeHe
KlbIDKeBHOCTH CBHX jyrocnoBeHcKHx
Hapo~a', no BpCTaMa (ca: H3Y3eTKoM
enCKe noe3Hje).
.

JIErEH.IJ:A 0 EOrOBUMA U XE
POJUMA, B. KYJlifiYPHO-uciIlopujcKa
I1peOaT-bll.

JIErEH.IJ:APHA nECMA. TepMHH

Haj'leIlIhe ynoTpe6JbaBaH y cTapHjoj
nHTepaTypH 3a nHpCKe H enCKe neCM~
y penHrHjcKoM pyxy. BpCTa 6ana~a, C
BHIlIe HnH Malbe pa3BHjeHoM cpa6ynoM,
y KojHMa ce Haj'IeIlIhe HeKO CTapo
BepOBalbe xpHCTHjaHH3yje. Y cynpOT
CTaBJbalbY xpHIlIhaHCKor norne~a Ha
CBeT MHTonOIlIKOM, 'IYBajy ce CTapH
MOTHBCKH cnojeBH. Bemnm rpeIlIHHK
ce cnacaBa n060}KHOM HcnoBeIlIhy
(nOIlITO ra npeTXOAHO npeMa 3aXTeBH
Ma BepOBalba H3Mehy H 3eMJba H Bo~a).
Cnyra je Harpa!jeH 3a n060}KHOCT, ~OK
je 60raTa raBaHKa Ka}!{lbeHa naKne
HHM MYKaMa (Ha~ ~BopHMa ce npo
BaJbyje je3epo). CneBaHe cy qeCTO Ha
OCHOBY 6H6nHjcKHx MOTHBa, xarHO
rpacpCKe, anOKpHcpHe nHTepaType,
HMajy MopanHCTH'IKY TeH~eH~Hjy, Koja
Me!jYTHM, 'IeCTO YCTyna MeCTO 3aHlf
. MJbHBOCTH Ka3HBalba y eMoTHBHoj no-.
eHTH.
B:I1.YKa CeHKoauh; raaaH 60zaiIlu.
H. M.-p.

JIErEH.IJ:APHA (PEJIUrU03HA)
npU'IA (Religious Story).OITllITeyc
BojeH HHTePHa~HOHanaH TepMHH, no
cne nojane HH~eKca THnOBa A: ApHea
H.M.-p.
(1910) H C. TOMncoHa (31961). Y
HaIlIoj cTapHjoj cponKnopHCT~ YOPH:
JIErEH.IJ:A (naT.). JaBJba ce y BHIUe
'IajeHHjH je TepMHH nereH~a. Pa3BHjeH
3Haqelba. MO}Ke 6HTH: cnHC 0 }KHBOTy
npHnoBe~HH 06nHK penHrH03Ho--aH
H ~enHMa CBeTa~a; npe~albe; no Me!jy
TaCTHqHe Ca~p}KHHe 0.OB03eMaJbCKHM
Hapo~Hoj KnaCHcpHKa~HjH HapO~He
. HnH oH03eMaJbCKHM. cycpeTliMa 'IOBe
rrp03e, nOHapO~lbeHO, anOKpHcpHO H
Ka' C BHrnoM CHnOM. Ca OCHOBHOM
xarHorpacpCKO Ka3HBalbe y qHjy ce
HaMepOM ~a 3a6aBH, nereH~apHa
'BeI?o~oCTojHO~ Bepyje .. B,mneeITH30-'
npH'Ia IlpHnOBe~q '~oraljaje H. cnHKa
~H'lBa, ca ~OCT~ qy~ecHHX eneMeHaTa,'
JbY~CKe nOCTynKe HO~BpraBajyhH HX
YBeK pemirHo3BO" OQene}KeHHX, .JIereH-. '.. ~TH'IKcr-:penHrH<?3i:I<?M ci~C1hHBalby: Y .
'~a CMl.{peHo 3a6aB;ba,. aJIH.H noyqaBa.
je~Hoj, yrmiBHPM xpHIlIhaHc~oj. KOHJ
Ko~ Cpoa 'HHje MHoro pacrrpOCTpalbe~eriWtjH CBeTa, D~BHja CC oe3 Te~eH .
Ha Kao YCMeHa np03Ha' BpCTa H qeIlIhe'
~H03HOCTH, npy}KajyhHHJIYCTpa~Hje .
ce nojaBJbyje y CTHXy. Hajno3HaTHje cy
TpanH~OHanHcr-CPOnKnOPHHX H penH
nere~e 0 CB. 'Dop!jy, qaCHHM KpCTHrH03HHX HOpMH nOMohy 3a6aBHHX,
Ma, IlaBJIY KccapHjcKoM, HT~.
.
Hco6WIHHX,}KHBOnHCHHX CJIHKa CBCTa.
H.M.-b.
CycpeTH 'JOBeKa C BHIlIOM CHnOM

;1
Ii

'1

136

(60rOM, aHljenoM, ljaBonOM) HHCY

cnYTaHH CTpaXOM. Y nYHoj cn060~
KpeTalba, Jby~H ce nelby Ha He60 H
Bpahajy o~aH~e. BHllIe CHJIe CHna3e Ha
3eMJbY - HajqeIlIlie npepymeHe y Jby~e
H npOBepaBajy Jby~cKe oc06HHe. Y
CTpyxTypH nereH~apHe npHqe MeCTO
BHIlIe CHne MOry 3~y3eTH H ~XOBHa
nH~a, HnH nycTHlba~H. TIPH TOM
~oMahH CBe~H (CB. CaBa) H ~oMahH
aM6HjeHT (~aH KpCHe cnaBe), Kao H
OqOBeqaBalbe BHIlIe CHne ~O H3HO
IlIelba KapaKTepHHX oc06HHa (!jaBO ~06pO~yIlIHH HecnpeTlbaKOBHh, CB.
TIeTap - XananJbHBal\) ~onpHHOCH
H3BecHoj peanHCTHqHOCTH. KpIlIelbe
npe~y6e!jelba 0 lbHXOBoj ~yXOBHOCTH
~aje npH'laMa XYMOPHCTHqKe npenHBe.
BHIlIa CHna MO}Ke 6HTH HenpeCTaHO
HMrrnH~HTHO npHcyTHa, Kao HeBH~JbH
Ba KOHTpona nocrynaKa qOBeKOBHX.
Y CTpyxTypH nereH~apHe npHqe Y06H
qajeHa cy ~Ba cycpeTa qOBeKa CBHIlIOM
CHJIOM, npH qeMY npBH rrpe~CTaBJba
HCKyIlIaBalbe qOBeKa y3 nOMoh nOCTa
BJbali>a 3a~aTaKa HJIH nHTalba Koja cy
rrp06a lberOBHX MopanHHX Bpe~HOCTH,
. a KOMn03H~HOHO rrpHnpeMajy Ba}!{HOCT
o~rOBopa - pearOBalba. )J;PYrH cYcpeT
npe~CTaBJba Rpeo~elbHBalbe Mopan-.
HHX nOCTynaKa y H3MelbeHOM aM6HjeH
Ty ( CHpOMax je y MeljYBpeMeuy nOCTao
60raT, HeyK nOIUTeH). TIapanenHO
nOHaBJbalbe npeTXO~Hor HCKYIlIaBalba
H pearOBalba ~OHOCH HOBY 'Harpa~y
HnH Ka3HY, Beh npeMa 3acnY3H.
HarnaIlIaBalbe npHBpeMeHOCTH :if je~
He 'H ~pyre YMalbyje 3Haqaj qOBeKa a
nQBehaBa Moh BHIlIe CHne HJIH Ba}!{
HOci' MopanHor 'Tpa~H~oHariHor KO
~eKca. TI03HaTa je nereH~apHa npHqa
o 3noynoTpe6H KYMCTBa ~a.CBeTHM
ApxaH!jenOM, y KOjOj' qO~eK, yrne
~aBIlIH CMPT-)CYMY BHIlIe. cBoje tnaBe,
IlITO Tpe6a ~a 6y~e.3HaK ~a he yMpem,
'y3any~ nOKYIlIaBa ~a CTaBH.Hore Ha
Y3rnaBibe, HnH HH3. ~pytHX npHqa o.
. y3any~HoM H36eraBalbY npOpeqeHe'
CMpTH (y BO~H 3a cBa~6y, o~ 3MHje)
Koja ce YBeK oCTBapyje; HJIH KOHaqaH
onpoIlITaj nOKajmiKy pa360jHHKY KOjH
je y6Ho 99 Jby~H (Aath 756IJ;), y

137
,}.

TpeUYTKy KaA y6Hja CTOTor qOBCKa Ky~Ho~a HcnpoIlIeHe ~eBojKe, jep no

Hapo~HoM jY}KHOCnOBeHcKoM Ko~eKcy
rpexoBa Kyl)clbc ~eBojKe 3aY3HMa
HajBi-lIlIc MeCTO. YKOm-lKO je Ca}KeTa H
CBO~H ce caMO Ha 06jaIlIlbelbe H Hnyc
Tpa~Hjy MohH BHIlIe CHne HJIH nOCTyn
Ka 'IOBeKOBor KOjH OCTaBJbajy BH~JbHB
Tpar, nereH~apHa npHqa MO}Ke npe
paCTH y npe~albe. YKonHKO ~pyro
Balbe C BHIlIOM CHnOM nOCTaje ~yXOBH
TO Ha~HrpaBalbe C lbOM y3 n06e~y
'IOBeKa, OHa npepaCTa npeKO napo~Hje
y IlIaJbHBY npH'ly.
H. M.-p.

JIE'BAH-rpA.IJ:. CTajahe liMe y en

CKOj noe3~jH 3a ~aneK, TY9HHCKH rpa~,
naTHHCKH, r~e jYHaKa KOjH ~ona3H
no ~eBojKY HenpHjaTeJbCKH CaqeKyjy,
anH lberOB 3aTO'IHHK n06e!jyje. TIoc
Toje 6pojHe npeTITOCTaBKe 0 TyMaqe
lby Ha3HBa - ne~eHH. rpa~, nOJbCKH
rpa~, Mne~H, 'DeHoBa H ~p.
B. )f(eHlIo6a I1.YlIIaHoaa.
P.n.
JIEKA KAnETAH. EncKH jyHaK,
ooraT H yrne~aH, 'lHja je ceCTpa
POKcaH~a YBpemma MapKa H lberOBe
n06paTHMe, Te jy je MapKo CYPOBO
Ka3HHO (CeCTpa JleKe KaneTaHa,
BYK 11/40). BepOBaTHO enCKH cnOMeH
Ha HCTOPHjCKY nH'IHpCT JI~Ke )J;YKa!jH
Ha. Y neCMH MapKo, peJba H MHnOIlI
npoce POKcaH~y, npe CBera ~a 6H ce C
BenHKHM jYHaKOM OpO~HJIH; Ka~ ce OH
npe~ OCHOHOM ceCTpOM nOKa3yje cna6,
MapKo ce pa3rHeBH, He caMO 360r
yBpe~e KOjy ~eBojKa HCKa3yje', Beb,' H
360r nOIlIToBalba 'Koje je norpeWHoM
'IoBeKY yrryTHO.
P.n.
JIEHOPA. JYHaKHli!a 6~na~e HeMa-.
'IKor nei,:H~Ka XVIII B., EHpr~pa,.
Hacrane Ha OCH0I3Y YCMeHe KlbIDKes c
HOCTH, Ca6ynoM o. nOBpaTKY MpTBor
BepeHHKa KOjH O~IiO~H CBOjy ~pary y
rp06, C noeTCKOM TeMOM 0 Jby6aBH
ja'loj on CMpTH. OCHM KO~ CnoBeHa
{\a I, Ha HaIlIeM no~pyqjy n03HaTa

CTapHHH Hawc JIHpCKe HapOnHC noe3H

je. PaHe HarOnCllITajc 0 IbHMa Hana3H
MO KOn BH3aHTHjcKij,Q,JIHcaQa, Beh on
llpBHXJIOJlHpa CII CJIOBeHHMa (VII B.),
no nOy3JIOHHX CBCJ\ollClba Jypja lliH:lK
ropHha (1487) <> !lenOTH nojenHHHX
JlHPCKHX BpCTn HapOnHHX necaMa .
.!I.ajpamlj~ TCKCTone HMaMO Jl.3 XV H
XVI B. JIHpcKe HapOnHe neCMe OAJIH
Kyje KOMnJICKCHOCT, CHHKpCTH'IKa
H. M.-l>.
1I0se3aHocT C npyrnM YMCTHOCTHMa
(HrpoM, MY3HKOM, npaMOM). QClIQB
1 YD. Slovenske ljudske pesmi, 1970, Gp. 59-61.
cnaKC Hawc JIHPCKC neCMe 'IMHH
clriKeTo Ka3Hsnlbe KaKBor 30HBalba,
LEPA VIDA. CnOBCHa'iKa oanaAa 0
npo:lKeTO H3HowelbeM ocehalba, HnH
HecpefiHoj, oTeTOj MJIanoj :lKeHH Koja
pa3MHllIJh!llba; OHe cy ooraTe H pa3Ho
Tyryje 3a CBOjHM ncTeTOM. TIo3HaTa y
JIHKe TeMUTHKC H H8MeHe; y Hapony
TpH OCHOBHa TIlDa KojHMa je 3ajcn
:lKHBe yncK nODc3aHC CMeJIOnHjOM Koja
HH'IKO nOMaMJhHBalbe MJIane :lKCHC Ha
I1pH H3noljelbY 38CJIY:lKyjc Behy rra:lKIpy
JIaljy H onBoljelbe y Tyljy 3eMJhy.
Hero TeKCT; nenajy HX Haj'lcwhe
Banana y CPHHHM AHjan03HMa JIenc
r.rnaIjH, 110 ADoje y jenaH mac, PanH
BHAe ca CYHr(CM H MeceQoM H3HOCH
cnora pa3ronopa. Ha OMHJheHY
MaTepHHcKa ocehalba H AYOOKY occno
MeJlonHjy MO:lKe ce ncBaTH BehH opoj
MofiHoCT cynoHHe pOOHlbC.
TeKCTOBa. JIHPCKC HapOIl:Hc neCMe cy
H.M.-"s'
pa3HonHKor pHTMa H CTHxa (on 4-14
CJIOroBa); rrapHH CTHXOBH MOry olft}!
JIEDA MAPA )].ECDOTOBA, ..apR
nBojaKH 110 PIITMY (Tpoxcj; jaMo - '11':9',
..a Mapa (y. 1487), cYJITaHHja-, :lKCHa
Y Maiell<JHcKoj nHpHQH); CBaKH cTHX
MypaT(} II;. KhH cpncKor AccnOTa
T1pell:CTaBJI,a pHTaMcKY H CHHTaKCH'lKY
'Byplja BpaHKoBHha. 3a.narana ce Aa
llcnHHy. TIoHeKe. ricCMc, HJIH BpCTC
CpncKa ,IJ;ec:nOToBHHa oyne' JIojaJIHa
npcMa TYPCKOj. 1l0CJIC rrana CMcncpc HMajy ooaBC3aH IlpHnCB; Haj'lcwhe
HCMajy CTpocpe. ByK jc T10Il:eJIHO
Ba 1459. nOBYKJIa cc y cooj ABOP Y
nHpCKe HapOIl:He ueCMe Ha naaneceT
JC:lKCBY. Y rreCMaMa orrCBaHa Kao
IlpCTa. YooH'lajcHa jc nOIl:CJIa Ha:
BOJheHa cYJITaHOBa :lKCHa, KlI:lKlbeHa
oopenHe H oOHllajHc (c nCceTaK nOIl:
TeWKOM oOJIewhy MywKor ACTeTa,
upeTa, lipcMa HaMeHH H BpeMeHY
300r ynaje 3a HeKpCTa.
H3Bolj~H,a); BepCKe. (MHTOJIOWKC,
H. M.-l>.
xpHwhaHcKc); nOCJlCHH'lKe H 0 pany
,
,
(npt:!Ma BpCTH rrOCJIOBa), rrOpOnH'IHe (c
JIEDYIIIlfB., HBan (1855-1906), j"IH
pa3JIH'IHTHM pO}lllpCTaMa, Hrrp. rre'l"!Jl
TeJh H IJHcaQ; caoHpao HapoiXHc yMO
6apcKe y MaKeTlOHHjH); JhyoaBHc (pa3
,(BOPHHC, OCOORTO no BocHH. OojaBHo
JJHllHTe no THI10BHMa y rrojcnHHHM
jc 30HPKY Cili.o U380PIlUX 6acalla. BHO
OOJIaCTHMa,- H H8jOpOjHHjC, Y lbHX cc
jc capanHHK y cKynJhalbY TeKCToBa
rrpcTariajY.If He~e Oopell:He rrcc~e).
Koc:rc XcpMaHa. 3a H3naSaH:.e 30iIpKC
Hapoolle iljecMe MyXd.M.eooeal,a, I-II.' .. llIaJhHBe QPTC' MOry HMaTH: neCMC
pa3nH'IHTHX BpCTa Te HX rroceOHO He
P. n.
.t'I'
Tpe6a H~J\Daja'l'H:
.' .

MenHQHHY y BeHeQHjH. H3Y'laBao CBOj

3aBlrqaj H OKOJIHHY. 06jaBHo pall: 0
pCQH [(eTHHH H Kpajy OKO lbC. UBC
roll:HHe rroCJIC nojaBe <l>opTHcoBe (B.)
KlbHrc, oojaBHo je HeKY BPCTY KpHTHKC
H AonyHe y KlbH3H 5eJleUl.ICe 0 uymy uo
/1.a.A.M.aI,uju ouaUla C/Jopili.uca H )/(u80ili. CUlaHuclla8a CO'lU8UI,e (1776).
'EbcroBc cy HanOMCHe Il:parOQCHC y
onHCHBalbY CBaTOBCKlIX oOH'Iaja (YJIO
ra 1l:0JIHOallle. CTapor CBaTa, KYMa, ne
Bepa, H3HOWClbC napOBa, rrO'laWHHQe,
CBaTOBCKa Hrpa }}KaIl:Hja Kao HeKa
DpCTa HapOIl:HC }lpaMe H Il:p.), 3ana
:lKalbC 0 MCTPHQH TY:lKOaJIHQa, 0 Jhy
oaBHoj JIHPHQH H HrpH Y KOJIY, 0 Ha
ponHHM rrOCJIOBHQaMa. YKa3ao jc Ha
nonYJIapHOCT MapKa KpaJhCBHha y
rreCMaMa MOpJIaKa H HaBCO HeKe CTH
XOBC H3 necaMa; HCTaKao je yJIory
CJIenHX ryCJIapa. OopaTHO jc nll:lKlbY
Ha HapOnHa npenalba H npHTlOBCTKC,
nOIl:CJIHSlllH HX Ha IlIaJhHBC H 030HJhHe,
Koje 'IyBajy cehalba Ha CBa naBHa H
3HaMeHHTa 30HBalba, HaBeo jc H HeKa
JIOKMHa rrpell:alba, 0 CBCTOM Jypjy, 0
Jla3HBY jell:HOr opna, 0 3MHjH Koja ryra
cyHQe, 0 He6y Koje' CC OTBapa H np.
,IJ;Oll:aTaK KlbH3H jc orrHC :lKHBOTa.xajn:y
Ka CO'lHBHQC npCMa H:.erOBOM Ka3H
salbY, y KOMe HMa MHora CJICMCHaTa
CnCKe YCMCHC nCCMe, IlITO H caM
JIOBPHh npHMehyje. EbcrOBo ncn9 je
3Ha'lajHo 3a HCTOPHjy Hawer YCMeHor
rrCCHHWTBa npyrc nOJI. XVIII ~.

ymaBHoM y np03HOM OOJIHKY, nOK ce y

CTHXOBHMa rOBopH 0 MpTBOM 6paTY
KOjlf AOJIa3H Y noxone ynaToj ceCTpH.
3aCHOBaH Ha BepOBalbY na CY3e He najy
MHpa YMpJIOMe H Aa ra MOry nOAHhH H3
rpooa, CIDKe CC npO:lKHMa HancTOM
CMOTHBHowhy Ha rpaHHQH JhyoaBH H
CTpaxa.
B. Bpalia u cecili.pa.

2(0).

... nOIiITO PHcaH nponanHC y MOPC,

nO'IHe cc HOBH rpa}l 3HnaTH ICOO Ulopa,

H Ha30BY ra KOTop ... (H6HA. 221).

TIoCJIe ceooe Cpoa rron naTPHjapxoM

llIaKaoeHToM. MH CpOH H3 [(pHC rope,

)lOWJIH CMO Y OBO ceJIO ,IJ;OOPH ,IJ;o, y

MeToxHjy. ilPBH je nOlliao MapKO. TIo
lbeMY ce 30BC MapKOBO Bpll:o (AJIC
KCHh, op. 21).
B. KY/llTzypllollciliopujClco ilpeoQ1be;
EiliuOIlOllllCO iipeoQ1be; /1.eMOHOJlOUl.ICO
iipeoa1be.
H.M.-li.

JIOPJ.{, AJlOepT liejTc (Albcrt Bates

Lord, 1912-1991), aMCpH'IKH KJIaCH
'IHH cpHJlOJIOr. CJIaBHCT H CPOJIKJIOPHCT,
IIpocpecop XapBapnCKor YHHBCP3HTC
Ta. BaBH ce npeBacxonHo MYCJIHMaH
CKOM enCKOM noc3HjoM Ha cprrcKo
xpBaTcKoM je3HKY, caKYIIJhajyhH ncCMC
Ha TcpeHY H najyhH HayqHc KOMCHTape
(npBo 'Y 3ajcnHHQH C M. ilcpHjeM
Milman Parry, KacHHjc C ,IJ;. BajHaMoM
- David Bynum): Serbocroatian
Herak SOllgs. I-XIV. Harvard Uni
versity Press' - CAHY,.1953-1979. (Yrr.
H 36HPKY SerbocroQtian Folk-Songs
by Bela Bartok and A. Lord, NY 1951)
3a'ieTHHK (c TIepHjeM} TcopHje cpop
MYJlc, OH je rroCMaTpa Kao YC/IOB 3a
nOCTaHaK H orrCTajalbc YCMCHC noc3Hjc
p.n,
H YCTaHOBJhyje Be3Y H3Meby CP01?MYJIHC
CTpYKType TeKCT3 H lberOBor YCMeHor
nopeKJIa. Y. CBOM Haj3Ha'lajHHjcM neny
JIOKAJIHO (MECHO).IIPE1l:AlLE.
(The Singer of Tales, Cambridgc
KpaTKO Ka3HBalbc Koje nYTeM Hapc
1960), Ha OCHOBY Hawc crrCKC noc3Hjc
Il:He. eTHMOJIOrnje HJIH aCOQHjaQHjoM'
.nOKa3yjeYCMCHO nopeKJlO XOMCPOBHX
.HAeja nOBc3yje HMcHa Hajpa;rnH.'IHTH
cncBOB8.. ,IJ;ajcI'IpeceKc oaJiKaHcKc
JHX rcorpacpcKHx JIOKanHTeTa HJIH
cm1Ke (Tradition alld innovation in
QenHX rroll:pyqja C BepoBalbHMa H OOH
qajHMa, JlO:lKHsn,ajHMa, noraljaj~a H .. Balkan epic, y: Revuc dcs etudcs sud
jYHaQHMa. HMa CPYHKQHjy HC CaMO Il:a . cst cUrOpeCHneS, 1980, XVIII, 2).IjH3
CTY.nHja iloc:Sehyje..rrpoQccy H TexIfHQH
I1C;)TBP~H rroCTojalh.e, Hcro.Il HCTH~H~
TOCT .'HCKa3aHe iIpCnCTaBc HlIIl QeJIe . : cTBap'a""a" enCKe nccMe, nCBaqeBof:
cpaoyJIe. YKJhyqyjc ce y HCToj yn03H 11' yn03H TOM rrpPQecy", npoyqaBa onnOC .
..
y IlIHpa npHDoBCnaFba. .
KoneKTHDHor H HHnHBHAyanHor, .rry
TeBC pa3Boja BapHjaHTa (Homer,
Y CpHjeMY ce rrpHnoBHjcna Il:a cc
Parry and Huso, American Journal of
OHaMO BjewTHQC HajBHIIIc cKynJhajy

P.D.

"JIItPCKA HAPOJ.{HA DECMA: .le

naB on HajCTapHjllX BHAOBa nOC.TCKor
H3pll:lKaSaH:.a occhalba. 1l0pcljcH:.eM C
npyrHM HapOnHMa pa3HHX QHBHJIH3a"
~ja, MO:lKeMO 3aK1h}"IHBaTH 0 SCJIHKOj

BHllIC CCJIa MO!lHBHHa, Ha HeKaKBOM

opaxy... (BYK, )KHBOT H 06HQajH, CTp.

JIOBPIt'B, ItBaii (OKO 1754-1777),

K.FbH:lKCBHHK H' cTHorpacp, POIl:OM H3
CHlba. Y'IHO <pHJJ030cpHjy. jC3HKc,

139

138

_ ....... ~ __~~_

Archeology, 1948, 1952; Composition

by Theme in Homer..lJ,l1d Southslavic
Epos, Transaction and Proceedings of

the American Philological Association,

1951, 6p. 82; Aaoo MefjeooGuh, ryc
nap, 10runal of American Folklore,

1956: The Theme of the Withdrawn

Hero in Serbocroation Oral Epic.
. IIpHn03H 3a KH:.H}KeBHOCT, 1969,

XXV; Perspectives on Recent Work on

Oral Literature,

Oral Literature,
Seven Essays, Edinburgh and New
York 1975).
H.M.-D.

JIY)KHK, PY):lon4, 'IeIIlKH npeBoAH

nan; H KynTYpHH paAHHK. IIpeBeo
BYKOBY 36HPKY cpncKHx HapoAHHx
npHnoBe):laKa Ha 'IeIIlKH je3HK Kao
npBY CBeCKY KOneKIJ;Hje: Klasicke sbir
ki svetoveno Folkloru (Serbske lidove
pohddky, Praha, 1959), 3a KOjy je ):lao
KpHTH'IKe KOMeHTape, pernCTpe, HCTO
pHjaT npeBobeH:.a; lipBH je KJIacHqlHKo
Bao npHnoBeTKe npeMa HHTepHan;HO

HanHHM Tl1nOBI1MU KaTanora Aarne

-Thompsona.
H.M,":!;.

fu

JIYTAJYTaH MOTOBH. MOTlIBH

YCMeHe Tpa):lHIJ;Hje KOjH npena3e H3 je):l
Hor HapO/,a y ApyrH pa3nH'IHTHM nyTe"
BHMa. 6Hno H3ABOjCHH, 6HJIO Y cKnony
jeAHe HapaTHBHe cpOpMe.
B. Muzpwluja MotTilU3a; I1HiIiepHQ/(uo
Ha.aHIt MOmltelt.
H.M.-b.

JIYUEPHA, KaMHJla (1868-1960),

HaCTaBHHK HeMa'lKor je3HKa, repMa
HHCT, KOMnapaTHCT 11 nHcan;. 113Y'laBa
na je HalllY HapoAHY KH:.IDKeBHOCT, 06
pahajytm HajBHlnc na)Klbe yn03H )KeHe
Y HapoAHoj neCMH 11 )KeHCKHM nHKOBH
Ma cynpyre H MajKc. rnaBHa j:\ena: Die

siidslal'ische Ballade von Asan Agas

Gattin lind ihre Nahbildung durch
Goethe (1905). Zur Hasanaginica

/ViOBlItill

IlJeCMII

CMpiil

MajKe

(1908). H AP-

P.n.

"

I
I

140

JLYliABHA HAPO.!1:HA DECMA.

BpCTa HapOAHe JlHpHKe, jeAHa o,n Haj
60raTHjHx no Pa3HOJlHKOCTH H 6pOjHO
CTH necaMa. KOj:\ CBm;; HapoAa OBe ne
CMe BOAe nOpeKJlO H3 Ay60Ke CTapHHe
y BpeMe npHpoAHe nOAeJle paAa.
HaCTaHKoM 3eMJhOpaAHHQKOr npHBpe
9HBalba cnajajy ce C KYJlTOM 60.)l{aH
CTBa nnoAHoCTH H Be3yjy 3a npOJlehHe
CBeTKOBHHe. OA AaBHHHa OCHOBHH
MOTHB OBHX necaMa je HCTHn;aH:.e neno
Te BOJheHOr 6Hha, Jhy6aBHa 'le}Klba H
npH6eraBalbe MamjH Aa 6H ce OCTBa
pima. Ha BHllleM cTynlbY pa3Boja
IIaTlba H paCTaHUH cy IIpe):lMeT HajJlen
.IlIHX neCHH'lKHX oCTBapeH:.a. HaKo cy
Kao BpcTa BeOMa cTape, TeKCTOBH
AaHae II03HaTllXHaIlIHX I}ecaMa HHCY
CTapHjH OA TpH BeKa. BpJIO cY IIoily
JlapHe, 6p30 ce IIpef{OCe, MeH:.ajy H
ry6e, anH H HOBe CTBapajy Ha IIlHpO
KOM nOAPY'ljy, CBe AO HaIIlHX AaHa,
Be3yjyhH ce 3a HeKY OMHJheHY MeJlOi.\H
jy. Kao H CBe JlHpCKe HapoAHe neCMe
H3pa}KaBajy oIIIllTa, THIIH'IHa ocehalba
H MHCJIH, aJlH IIoHerAe HMa H HenocpeA
HHX, JlH'IHHX 'IIpO}KHBJheHoCTH. Koj!f
nyT HMeHHMa' tlYBajy cefiaH:.e Ha JlH'I
HOCTH 0 KojHMa ce neBa. OIIllITa HM je
KapaKTepHCTHKa nocpeAHo H3HOIIleH:.e
ocehalba Kpo3 KaKaB Aonibaj, IfJlH CHM
60JlH'IHY CJIHKy. Y'pa3HHM HaWHM Kpa
je~3HMa. Y 3aBHCHOCTH OJ:\ CTynH:.a
pa~BOja H YCJIOBa )KHBOTa CTBapaJiH cy
ce H pa3f{H TitnoBH .Ji.y6aBHHx necaMa,
on OHm;; ca HAH./IH'1HOM aTMoc4>ep9~ Ii . :
:Y3AP.)l{aHItM'HaroBewTajHMa (~a 'Tepe.:

By IIaTpHjapxanHe KYJlTYpHe' 30He), }to

IIlaJhHBHX, BparonaCTHX (y KpajeBHMa

npeKO CaBe H .!1:YHaBa) H ceH3yaJl

HQ--qe}KH:.HBm;; (y bOCHH H Xepn;eroBH

HH, OC06HTO no rpaAoBHMa). Haj'Ie

141

llIhe cy y
ACCCTepl{Y

OCMCpl~y

HnH JlHPCKOM

p.n.
JLYIiA XAJlI.YK BYKOCABA. Jy
HIlKHH:.a BYKonc neCMe (IIII49) H3
xaj)'Y'IKor IJ;HKJIyca C HOBenHCTH"iKOM
cpa6YJlmt, 0 )KCHH Koja oCJI06aba jYHa
Ka H3 TaMHHI~c.l HHTepHaIJ;HOHaJlHH
MO'rl1n, 1I03HaT HHa'ie IIOA HMeHOM
[(e.aujll ()e(JojKa (13.), Y HeWTO Apyra
IJHjeM BMllY lIojaBJhyje ce y OKBHPY
neCMe 0 .iYHHKY Kora H3 TaMHHue OCJIO
6<19:1 1I0POOJhHBH t lCBa ceCTpa HnH !dul.
Y Ha.iCTupHjeM II03HaTOM 06J1HKy OBY
TCMY HUJI!I3HMO Y J1eiIioli.ucy uoua
[(.I'KJbllHllHlt. ne3aHY 3a BnaAHMHpa H
Kocapy. f1ecM3 H3 ByKOBe 36npKe
OAJlHKyje ce XYM0pOM. IIo'IeB OA CTe
peOTHnHor Ha'mHa jYHa'lKo'r OAeBaH:.a,
Koje OB){C A0611ja npH3BYKe xyMopa, na
npCKO BojcBaH,a 3!lCHQBaHOr Ha CTaJl
HOM, TaHaHOM nOApa3YMeBaH:.Y nOJla
OCJIOOOllIfOl\a H o6jeKTHBHOM Ka3H
BUJbY AOFabaja. C nYHO Jl()KanHe 60je,
119 AyxollHTe OClleTe MnaAe }KeHe Koja
YAapa MY)J{fl BpahajY~H My MHJlO 3a
Ilparo, cchajylm cc H:.erOBOr npHawa
H,a H3 6plltiHor )KHBOTa.
H.M,-'S.

I Yu. B. i'"l'IlIIlHh. (ip. '.1111199;' MX II. 84. XI. 14:

JaC'rpcfilln. C'I'P, 277.
.
JLYIiHHK08H1l., . HeHall (poljefi:
1940), I1CTOPH'IaP H'TeOpeTH;lap Ha
'pOAHe KH>H}KCBH.OC'rH:'BaBH 'ce: 6YFap" .
H1THQa~m (KH:.H)I{CBHa Ji/CTOpHia, 1972
'l973, op. 16: 17. 19}: OAHOCHMa MHTa,
HCTopHje H cnCKC ncreHAe (JIereHAa 0
BmlAHMHPY H KocapH, 3MCU, 1977,
Klb. 6/2; () KpaJl,CBHhy MapKY H THry,
rEM. 1977. KIb. XXVI; KOCOBCKOM Jle

CtTtllHlIIW jl! CIlIlIlIIfI (j)y.1ICe KUGIIU80

reHAOM, fOAHllllbaK II. MHCTHT}'Ta 3a

KlbIDKeBHOCT, CTYJ.\Hje 11 rpalja, 1980,
Klb. 1; ITjeBaHHjoM CHMe MHnYTH
HOBHha - AOKTopCKa Te3a). 06jaBHo je
HeKOJIHKO aHTOJIOrnja HapoAHe KlbH
:lKeBHOCTH (1976-1979).

Olie ..1111 CI! MUlla CiiiaHa paa6uje!

(BUCUJhCUHh.

Jlupm)ue .AICJun)uje J1eCIW8a'lKOi Kpaja.

lip. I)
H. M-1I.

p.n.

JbYTDUA IiOr)l;AH (XIV B.), CPII

CKH BJIaCTeJIHH. Kao BojBoAa, 3a BpeMe
uapa CTeq,aHa .llYlllaHa, 6HO ynpaBH
TeJb Y .llpaMH. 110CJIe ,[(ylllaHOBe CMpTH
6HO rocnOAap oonaCTH Ha AOlbeM
BapAapy.
EnCKH jYHaK necaMa CTapHjHX apeMe
Ha (MapKO KpaibeBHh' H JbYTHl\a
EorAaH, BYK 1I/38). Y Ep.rraHreHCKOM
PYKOIIHCY nOMHlbe ce Me~y npHMOp
CKHM YCKOW1Ma. Y OaJIaAaMa, 3a HMe
JbyTHl\e EorAaHa Be3yjy ce TeMe 0 YAa
jH ceCTpe, IIponajH Jbyoe, 3MHjH Mna
AO:lKelbH H AP.(CeCTpa JbYTHl\e
EorAaHa, BYK 11722-4; ITponaTa Jby
6a EOr/!aHOBa, BYK 11725; )Ke
HHJ.\6a ryje lllapoBHTe, MaTima xp
BaTCKa II34).

JbYJbAmKE. 06peAHe neCMe Marnj

CKor KapaKTepa. 3aBHcHO OJ.\ Kpaja,
neBajy ce y3 JbYJbalbe Ha JbYJballlKaMa
OA EO:lKHha J.\O 'Byp~eBAaHa, HapO'lHTO
3a BpeMe EeJIe HeAeJbe. PHT}'aJIHO
JbYJbalbe, Koje nOKpeTHMa JbYJballlKe
JIeJIyja rpaHe APBeTa, YTH'l.e iIa AYXOBe
BereTal\Hje J.\a nOBOJbHHM BeTpoBHMa
oMoryhe 60raT}' :lKeTBY,. aJIH H cna
jalbeM C BereTaW1joM - nnOAHOCT CBera
lllTO je :lKHBO. BpeMeHoM npepaCTajy Y
3a6aBHY, Jby6aBHY IIoe3Hjy; oCTajylm
BepHe 06H'lajy JbYJbalba, Te:lKe 3a
JIenOM H eMOTHBHOM CJIHKOM:

Iii

,00il

I!a I(oj MU ce na lIy./lejKy IbYlbawe

Ciilana MU ce na lIyJlejKy IbYlbawe.
MOM"qe cu iy 00 Gsa puaa yUzeaa:
ilollaK', iiOllaK' MOjy Ciilany IbYlbajiile

MAIKYPAHU'B.. MaToja (1817-1881),

HajMJIaljH 6paT MBaHa Ma:lKYpaHHha,
caMoYKH nHCal\, KOBa'l H3 ROBor
BHHOJ.\OJlCKor. Y'leCTBOBao je y MHCHjH
xpBaTCKHx npenOpOAHTeJba. RanHcao
nyTonHc iloiJleo lla SOOty UJlU lCpa
iliaK uyili y OilY KpajUIlY y'lUlbeH 18391840 (1842). CaKynJhaO Hap0J.\He ne
CMe y CBOM POAHOM Kpajy; y PYKonHCY
H3 1836. HaJla3H ce npeKO ocaMAeceT
JIHpCKHX, enCKO-JIHPCKHX H enCKHX
necaMa.
I'.n.

H3;!1aO BYK Kapal,lHh y Ee'lY 1814.

CaAP)l(H 100 JIHPCKHX H 8 enCKHX neca
Ma. BYK HX je Ha3Bao JlceHcKe H MYJ/Ce
CKe. OBe je neCMe no cehalbY 3anHcao,
Y tleMY My je nOMaraJIa po~aKa CaBKa
JKHBKOBHh. Ca;!lp}KH npenroBOp H 3Ha
tlajHe HaIIOMeHe, Hnp. 0 nonyJlapHOCT!'I
KpaJheBlIha MapKa. OB;!Ie je lllTaMnao
H XacaHarHHHl\Y, npeMa <POPTHCOBOM
H3AalbY

p.n.

MAJID P A)l;OJDUA. OMHJheH enCKH

jYHaK xajAY'IKHX IIecaMa, H3yseTHe
CHare, jYHulllTBa H JlenOTe, KOjH O;!lone
Ba HajTe)l(HM MYKaMa, aJIH He H nenOTH
AeBojatlKoj CBYK III/51). M3Y3eTHO yc
neo noeTCKH JIHK xajnYKa-6opl\a, aJIH H
MnanHha OCeTJhHBOr Ha neBoja'lKY
neIlOTY

MA3(m. AH):{pe (Andre Mason, 18811967),q,paHl\YcKH CJIaBHCTa;H3Y'l~BaO

YCMeny KlbIDKeBHOCT pyCKy, MaKeJ.\OH
CKY H cpncKoxpBa.TcKY; fJIaBHa AeJIa:

p.n.

Contes slaves de la Macedoine sud

-occidentale (19~3); Documents,' con
tes et chansons slaves de l' Albanie du
sud (1-1936, II-1965); CTYAHje Vuk et
l' Europe (1938) H Claude Fauriel et
les chansons de geste serbe en Sorbonne (1938). . '
.

II

II

Ii
II.
III
II!
I

p,n.

MAJIKOlJ-IiEr. MYCJIHMaHCKH jynaK

KOjH ce nOMHlbe Y CTapHjHM enCKHM
neCMaMl:l (EOrHlllHh. 112).

p.n.

i
.1
:-,

".

142

p.n.

MAKE)l;OHCKH ~OJlKJIOP. IIOJIYMAJlKOmU'B. (XVI B.), T}'PCKH ;>ano

rOAHllllbaK MHC'!HTYTa 3a 'q,OJIKJIOp;
BenHHK KaM~Hrpana, jYHaK MYCJIHMaH
CKonje, II1968. EaBH ce nO;!lPY'ljeM
CKHX elICKHX necaMa 0 'lHjHM ce jyna
'IKHM neJIHMa IIeBaJlO MHoro y XPBaT- .
q,OJI~opa Y lllHpeM CMHCJIY IIopen
y06WIajeHHX py6pHKa nOHOCH CTY):IHje
CKOj H EOCHH. fOBOpefiH 0 'lbeMY Y
H 'lJIaHKe, rpa~y H caonmTelba, KpFi-'
CBOM nYToIIHcy (1530), E. KYPHne'lHfi
THlce H 6eJIelllKe, xpOHHKe H 6HOJlH
naje HajpaHHjH nO;!l-aTaK 0 oneBalbY .
~rpa$Hje; Heryje n!=>PTpeTe H.):IHCKYCH. MYCJIHMl:lHCKHX jyiJaKa 3a :lKHBoTa:
. p.n.
je. M3BeCHH 9pojeim KopHlllheHH cy .
. ~o ~60PHHUH pa~OBI! C nqjeJ.\H,HHl'
...
.
KOHrpeca:
.
MAJbKOBHR CTHIIAH: En.cKH
H.M.-l>".
jyiIaK .YCKO'IKHX H MYCJIHMaHCKHx
neCl:lMa, OMHJheH JlHK CTapHjHX necaMa,
MAJIA IIPOCTOHAPO)UbA CJlA
3anHcaHHX Y XVIII B. (EpJIaHreHCKH
BEHOCEtliCKA IIJECHAPDQA.
PYKonHc).
IIpBa 30HpKa HapO):IHHX necaMa Kojy je
P.Il.
143

MAH,l(YDIJI'Ji. ByK (y. 1648), KOTap-

HaH3rJIcJ~ jeJlHOCTllBHa, )lOCTa KpaTKa,

CIm YCKOK. 0 lherOBOM :>KHBOTy roBope

OCKYAHH HCTOPHjCKH nO):1aUM. H3

, )laJIMaUMjc npo):1MpaO Ha TYPCKY TepH-

TOPHjy. nOrHUYo Y 60jy C TypUHMa Ha

.3C'IeBY, BHllIe 'BeBpcaKa Y PaBHHM

KOTapMMa. 0 lheMy nCBajy neCMe
CpCJ:{lhHX BpeMeHa (BYK II187). nOMH
lhe ra H A. Ka'IHh, Mel)y jYHaUHMa on
IlIH6eHHKa, y3 YCKO'IKe jyHaKe JaHKa
MHTpOBHha, HJIHjy CMHlbaHHha H
CTojaHa JaHKOBHha. Kao enCKH OMM
lbeHor jYHaKa lberOlli ra yHeo y FopCKU 6ujeHall. Xpa6ap jYHaK aJIH H
JIHPCKH eMOTHBaH.

IICCMll ce nll CIIOJI,1I0M nJlauy 06JIHKyje

cJIY'lajHMM CYCPCTOM jYHaKa (PajKa

BojBone Ii MaprMTc ):1CBojKC) Ha ony-

CTeJIOM CmlHKaMcHcKoM rrolbY. lhHXO-

BMM }lHjaJloroM, Ii H>MXOBHM caMoy6H

C1'BOM. HMa CBa o6cJIc:>Kja Hallie, enCKe

1I0C3HjC y KOjoj cy 'IOBeKOBO 6HBCTBO

saH,e H H,CroSH cnUKO):1HeBHua y TOj

MCpH nOHe3aHH C noral)ajHMa M ueJIO-

KyllHHM :>KHBOTOM lIapO):1a HJIM "IHTaBe

CI10XC - Ita ce HCMMHOBHOCT HCTOpHj-

CKor TOKa. He3aYCTat:W,HBOCT llIHpeH>a

OCMaHCKC HMIICPMjC. I10eTCKH TpaHC

nOHyjc y JIH'IHy cYI~6MHCKY TparenHjy

PajKa Bojnone. jYIU1Ka Y3aJIYJ:{Hor jyHa-

IUTBU:

p, n,

I
I

MAPA, B. JIei1a Mapa aeci1oiilo6a.

l11i1ia Iii! Kt).4U! Y'IlII11IlTiIl PajKo?
l11i1ia lie fdic, wilia./l/l he CpujeMY,
A milill.lllllie )' Cp'j'.IIY Typ1llllda?

MAPflITA ,UJEBOJKA II PAJKO

BOJBO,l(A. Je):1HHCTBeHa y CBOM noc
TojalhY, neCMa (BYK III/lO) npe):1
CTaBlba en y MaJIOMe. HeKY BpCTy enH
JIora errHKC cTapHjHx BpeMCHa, 0
nporraCTH uapCTBa H rocnOnCTBa cpn
CKor. )laje CHHTe3Y rOTOBO ueJIe'
cpnCKe CpenH>OBCKOBHe HCTOPHjC y
peTpOCnCKTHBH Kao cynpOTHOCT Bpe
Meuy y KOMe ce panlha ):1oral)a XVI
BeKY. nOCJIe rromYHor na):1a CpncKe
necnoToBHH~ H TypCKHX pa3apaH>,!
CpcMa:

..

Y paHO IIpacK03opjC. Kan OJ:{ ):1aHa HH

1I0MCHa HCMa Kp03 6ccaHH MpaK; no
PajKoBHx H30UlTPCHHX ~IyJla H y36yp
KUHar nyxn. ):10nMpe ycaMlbeHa KJIeTBa'
, neBojKe. K<tO ~fHCllO H ocehaH>e Hapona;
HcnpaBcltHa y CBOjoj 'ynepcHoCTH,
TparH'lH!l y CBOjOj cpnnToj HeMolm:
SOl ITi'yfilltJ PajKo tlojefj()()a!
ilill I",nlta 11(/ Cp/ljeM aoj6oOa,
iliww 1Ia;!!a TYPlltt /)m)/Ijau:t!.
'111.11

fi~OKJICTH jYHaK hc 3aJlyn KJleTBY 0):1

.fiH.luTH ytiCJ:{lbMBOM Bli.3HjOM, HCTOPHj

CKe ~CMHHOBH()CTH. KOjy he OTKPHTH

llCBOJUH KilO THXOM McnOBCnHHKY. Kao

TYpt:K'; KOlbll'Ho'ie lICKIIOalUt!,

uteiriajyliu jyii1poM 1/ 6t!'lt!POM
Il !I.IlO'la.M.a iioAte paaHlljelllt!...

.Y xepojcKoj H):{eaJIH3aUHjH npoIWIoCTH

npaTH nO?e):1HH'IKY. CBe'lauy nOBopKy.
rrpen aKa JyH~Ka, uapeBa H KpalbeBa,
necnOTa H xamYKa, B.1la):1apa H paTHHKa
_ J:{a' 6H Ie cynpOTCTaBHJIa ycaMlbeHOM
H . ilOpa~eHo,M IIOCJIeAlPCM; BojB.OnH .
.' Cpe~K?M :-' P.ajJCY, (HajBepoB8THHJe
Hcr.oPHJCKO~ PanOCJIaBY 'lJCJIHHKY):

1.111
"illi

Cal! ilio 6jexy HaUlt! 6ojt!aooe

C6t! cy 6UJ111 Ita cy iipeMIIHY./IU
CaM ocilla()e y CpujeMy PUjKO
<-YfltJ apeo y iiJtUHUHll,

KilO

-I,

iii

I,

CUeTJIaUH he CC, llojaBHTH y MPKJIOj

. Hohu y l'bcrQBoJ. cBoKaUHjH JIHKOBH
CJIa13HMX npcJ{aKa JYHaKa, ):1a 6n npcKHAOM ~H3HJC., KllO IlpeHyheM H3 CHa,
otTaJIll CaMO CYPOII!l; 6C3li3JIa3Ha ycaMJI~CHOCT, Y1:0HYJI<! y MpaK, KOjOj ce
e
:luBp!pa,ml IlH.'tHH )!(HBOT Paj~a 'oojBon ..
.caMoY?MC'ruo~{. anFl. H' YJIaCKOM yCIICKH :>KHHO:r.. CMP'f neBojKe jenfIHH jc
MoryhHM IlCMXOJIOIIIKH H3Jla3 YHCM3
JlP)I{HBOM occhaH,y COIICTBeHC KpHBM
nc. cn03IJaH>CM HCTOPHjCKC HCTHHC H
OCTBapCJhCM KJICl'BC.
H,M,-'Il,

144

/'

MAPETJI'Ji. TOMHCJIllB (1854-1938),

KOM KyJITy, TpeGa na oHeMorylie

llIIOCTOJIa MapKa Aa rpaAoM yHHllITH
yceBe.

KJIaCH'lHH q:mJIOJIor H CJIaBHcT;""'i'i1M

aa3HjcKH npocpecop, a IIOTOM CBC)"IH

imillHn nOueHT II npo$ecop y 3arpe6y,
r.ne je npCnaBao ynopenuy rpaMaTHKY
HH):10cBpOncKHX je3HKa. 'lJJIaH JA3Y.
YpenHHK on 1907-1938. Pje'lHUKa
xp6aiilcKoza UlIU CpiicKoza je3uKa.
3Ha'lajaH My je pan Ha H3Y'laBalbY je3H
Ka H HapO):1He noe3Hje; H y jenHoM H Y
):1pyroM CJlen6eHHK jc ByKOBHX H):1eja,
Haj3Ha'lajHHjH cy MY panOBH H3 o6JIa
CTH rrpoY'laBalha HapOnHe noc3Hje:
HaUla HapooHa eUUlca (1909; 21967);
MeiilpU1ca HaUlUX HapooHux i1jecaMa
(Pan JA3Y, 1907), MeiilpuKa MyCJlU
MtlHCKe HapooHe ei1uKe (PaA JA3Y,
1935; 1936), CTynHje 0 KOCOBCKOM 60jy
H jYHaUHMa y HapoAHoj ennUH, Kao H 0
eIIcKoj JIH'IHOCTH M. KpalbeBHlia,

H.M.-b.

MAPKO KPAJhEBHll. (1331-1395),

cpncKH Cpc):1H>OBeKOBHH BJla):1ap (1371

1395), CMH BYKauUlHa MplhaB"IeBHlia;
Y BpeMc H>erOBOr caBJIanapCTBa C
uapeM YpoilleM on 1366, 6HO je
MJIa):1M Kpalb. fiocJIe MapH'IKC 6HTKe
(1371), HaCJlenHO CMaH>euy TCPHTOPHjy
C rJIaBHHM rpanOM npHJIenOM, KPYHH
cao ce H BJIa):{UO Kao TypCKH Ba3aJI y ,
BPJIO TelllKHM YCJIOBHMa. nOrHliyo y
6MUH Ha POBHHaMa, npOTHB BJIallKOr
BojBO):1e MHp'Ia. fio KOHCTaHTHHY
<I>HJl030rpy, MapKO je yO'lH 60ja 3a
:>KeJIeo no6e):1y xpHillhaHa, MaKap H caM
nOrHUYo.
p,n,
MapKOB" HCTopHjcKa YJIora He onro
Bapa H3Y3eTHO 6oraToj H llIHpoKoj
MAPIIJOBQII. CTaHoBHHUH llJIaHHH
encKoj CJIaBH. OH je HajnonyJIapHHjH
cnCKH jYHaK cprrcKoxpBaTcKHX necaMa;
'CKor npc):1CJla on KaH>OHCKe AOJlHHe
U;PHC peKe, H nO):1HO:>Kja KajMaK"IaJla
o fbeMY neBajy H MaKenoHcKc, CJIOBe
Jia, no nOnropHHC KO:>Kycpa, y MaKe):10
Ha'IKe, '6yrapcKe H ):1pyrnx OKOJIHHX
Hapo):1a lICCMe. HajpaHHjH nOMeH 0
HHjH, n03HaTH no pa3BHjcHoj H no6po
H>eroBoj IIonYJIapHOCTH nOTH'IC H3
.' o'lYBaHoj YCMeHoj 1'paJ:{HUHjH, noce6Ho
CllJIHTa 1547. HujcTapHja n03HaTa
encKoj, C 'ppOjHHM IIeCMaMa 0 MapKY
,neCMa jc MapKo KpaJbe6Uh U 6paiil My
KpalbeBHliy, CCKYJIH. )loj'!HHy. Y HH3Y
AHOpujoUl (XeKTOpoBHh. 1555). CTa
np03HHX Ka3HBaH>a HCTH'IY ce npenaH>a
pHje neCMe He CTaBlbajy y rrpBH IIJIaH
o MapKY Kao H llIalbHBe npH'Ie, THna
nonpyra'lHua C n03HaTHM MOTHBHMa 0
,H>erone aHTMTypCKe 6op6e. 3a fbera ce
se3yjy H oIIllTe. mtTepHaUHOHaJlHC
cKaKafbY y MarJlY, :>KBaKaH>Y callyHa
YMeCTo ClIpa, KOpH>a'lH ca cBehoM Ha
TCMe: 0 ltpyroBalbY H 6op6aMa C HaT
OKJIony Koja 3anaJIH ceJIO, HTn. (BapH
npMpO):1HMM 6lihm.1a (BHJlaMa), 0 Mer
'jaHTe y KH>H3M B. PanoB8HoBHha,
):1aHHMa C UpHMM paTHHUHMa (ApanH).
Mapujo61(U y iieCMU U i1pU'lU, CKonlbe
o :>KeHH):{OH, CMpTH H CJI. EncKe neCMe
, '1931).
neBajy 0 H>eMy' Kao 3allTHTHHKY Hcja- '
H,M,-D_
Kor Ypoma Wt rpaOC:>KlbHBHX Bemi
Kalla, 3aTMM KaQ' TypCKOM Ba3aJIY,
MAPJAHOBIfJi. ,JIyKil '(1844-1922),
nOCHHKy ~yJITaHOBOM. 'KOMe "IeCTO
caKynJha~ H H3naBa'l. Ha'p0nHHX IIccaMa
.nOMa:>Ke; aJIH H caM .uap CTpenH OJ:{
(XpaaiilcKe HapooHe i1jecMe. 1864),
H>cra., MapKo je 3allT)lTHHK. CHpQTlilhe
H 6p<)HHJJau' npj.mnc: n06paTHMil 'cy
jenaH on ypeWmKa 3,6HpKH, MaTHue
xpBaTcKe: lYHa.'lKe :i1jecMe. (Myx~Me , ' . My: MWIOllI.06MJIMIi, Pelba on- na:iapa,.
):10BcKe), ~lh, III H IV, 1898. 1899. ,
6er KOCTanMH;. HcnpHjaTelbH: Myca
p,n,
KeCCJ,IHja, <I>HJIMQ MaJ,IapHH, MHHa on
KOCTypa, JhYTHua BornaH, TypUH H
MAPKOB,UAHCKE nECME. fie
ApanH. no HapO):1HOM BepOBalbY, :>KH
CMC KOjC ce neBajy 0 MapKOBnaHY (25.
BCO je BHme OJ:{ TpH BeKa, HHje yMpo,
anpHJI), nocBelieHe 3eMlbopaAHH"I
Beh cnasu, Y oApel)cHoM 'lacy OIIeT he,

145

ce nojaBHTH. 0 lheMY nOCToje H MHora

'npo3Hanpeiialha: 0 pobelhY, CTHQalhY
CHare, Hana)KelhY lliapl\a, 0 MHorHM
nOABH3HMa H 0 CMpTH (Op6HHH, 1601;
BYK KapaI.Jlln, CpilCKU pje'tHuK, 1818).
IIoKYlllajH o6jallllhelha lherOBe enCKe
nonYJIapHOCTH npe;n:MeT cy 6pOjHHX
Hay'lHHX pa;n:oBa. IIo'leB o;n: BYKOBHX
npBlix 3ana)Kaa,a (1814) na ,l"IO caBpe
MeHHX pa,l"loBa, TPara ce 3a OCHOBOM y
HCToPHjCKHM cehalhHMa H y H3Y3eTHo
crn lherOBe JIH'lHOCTH, anH H y HCTOpH
jCKoM pa3Bojy cpe,l"lHHe Koja 0 MapKY
neBa, y 3aBHCHOCTH ,l"Ia JIH je H KonHKO
TypcKa BJlaCT y noje,l"lHHHM 06JIaCTHMa
YTHQana Ha nonYJIapHOCT H3BeCHHX
jYHaKa y o,l"lpeljeHHM, CJlojeBHMa, Hllp.
Meljy MapTOJI03HMa.

Ao6pe KOH,C... 0 TpeTjera He MorOllle

jYHaJm CC I10rOJIHTH... ; Tpelm cnoj je
OTKpHBaH,C

H}:lCHTHTeTa--i':iti'iHodii

cTHiicKHM nocrYJIKQM ctJoseIicI{e aHTH

!e3e. Koja HaKO HerFlpa npeTXO}J,He
npeTnOCTtlBKe, y peQenQHjH npo,l"ly6
Jbyje TparoBe seh HCKa3aHor:
OHfI fljil Mil lie nux)' ')PYJlCUHO, oau
CupoMaxa,
11.1 je()/lo .1111 fIj(} fiuwc 611ille3 MUpKO
Kpa/beauliy
Bllllte3 MapKIJ Kf1tUhellllliy U 6pajeH My
AHopujamy
Milt/au 6uUi.e3U.

TIpMneBH y nCCMM HMajy ,l"IBOCTpyKy

ynory, 3ilKJbY'IHY, Kao eMoTMBHo-M):Iej
HH M3BOA Y OI\HOCY Ha npeTXO,l"lH)' CTpO
p.n.
cpy, M cnojHY, Kao noee6aH CMMcaOHH
TOK y KOMe cc H3ABajalheM cMM60na
MAPKO KPAJbEBO'fl 0 liPAT MY
CMe}byjy H crmjajy anCTpaKTHM H pean
AH,UPOJAm. EyraplllTH:Qa KOjy je y
HH nnaHOBM y OAHOCY Ha QenoBHTY
CBOM Aeny Pu6albe U pu6apcKo ilpuzo
CTpyKTYPY. TIpHneB 0 ,l"\Ha eMpoMaxa
aapalbe 3a6eJIe)KHo xBapcKH neCHHK
3pa'lH CIle ;n:o peanHor ym;)3opelha 0
IIeTap XeKTopoBHh 1555. CnaAa Meljy
CypOBOCTH paTHH'IKo-xaj;n:yqKor )KH
HajCTapHje QeJIOBHTe 3anHce HapO,l"lHHX
BOTa npHneBoM Knern ryeapH Ha
necaMa. HHTepHal\HOHaJIHa TeMa 0
Kpajy 6yraplllTH~e KOjHM AH):IpHjam
cYKo6y 6pahe oxo nJIeHa H 6paToyoH
yn030paBCl MapKa Aa he OHH Ka):la MH
CTBY, OB,l"Ie H3paCTa y je,l"lH)' O}:( HajcH8.)K~
TC 3a'Iyjy Moje MMe KJIHKyjynH... O,l"l
HHjHx aJIH H HajTaHaHHjHx necaMa
Te6e jy+laIlH pa36HrHYTH. IIoKa3yjynH
Hallle noe3Hje. CaBpllleHolllhy CnOJbHe
ee 0):1 MapKa BchHM jYHaKOM xepoj- .
H yH)'Taplhe CTpYKrype, CXJla)lHOlllny
CKHX nOABMra, nOlllTO ce Ben y nper
CTHJlCKHX nOCTynaKa, Be3HBalheM 6a
XO,l"lHHM C1:HXOBMMa nOKa3ao 60JbHM
JIa,l"lH'l~e HHTepHal\HOHaJIHe TeMe 3a
SHTe30M ,l"Iyxa H 'laCTH, AH):IpHjalll,
HCTopHjcKe JIH'lHOCTH (Koje ce no
6PH)KHH JalllTHTHHK H nocne CMpTM,
npaBHJIy 36HBa TeK y 3aBplllHoj cpa3H
OCTaBJba MapK~ ,l"Ia Tpaje H )!{MBH Kao
cTBapalha . eqcKe 6HorpacpHje), OBa
CHpOMax.
'neCMa je H ;n:OKa3 nOTnYHe cpopMHpa
HOCTH Hallle enHKe y XVI B.
A HeKtll)" ifiu 1l1ll)1I iftlj{)ju /by6u..ua
lbeHa eKCn03HQHja je BpCTa pa3yljeHe,.
apYJICullll,
CJlojeBHTe CJIOBeHCK~ aHTHTe3e (B.)
K()jll Me ell, ifiliida fiptlrlta, 6e3 KpuaUllc
Koja ,l"Ioraljaje nOCTaBJba y HeKOJIHKO .
3u'iy6uo.
!mBoa. IIpBH je eMOTHBHH - ca caoce- .
h.aiHHM HaroBelllTajeM neBa'la. ,l"Ia ce
Hoc.Hn.al\ pa;n:lhe. K'a0 6paToy6Hna H .
.pa,l"lH 0 c~pOMaCHMa: ,!(Ba' MH CTa
nOKajHHK, MapKo je y 6yraplllTHl\H .
clip6'Maxa ,l"Iyro BPHM~ ;n:pyrOBaJIa; o.
cnope;n:Ha JiH'IHOCT. Y l\yroM MOHono
. CHl>OMaCHMa..;. HecpehHHUJiMa, TParH'l- '., ry, Ha caMpTH, C .no3J:ia.heaOM Ca6,lJ>OM'
HHM JIH'lHOCTH.Ma no C)'A6HHH H' 6YAY7
6paTO~JbeBOM y CPl\Y, AHl:\pHjaliI
o6nHKyje aMaHeTe, Kpehyhl:t ce CB~T6M
hHM ;n:orabajHMa, a no 3HalhY neBa'la.
npyrn CJloj je HCTOPHjCKH - xaj~KH, C
H30~lITpeHHX ocenalha,H3Meljy 6 p a'-
peanHOM, AHCTaHQHpaHOM Hapal\HjoM:
CKe H CHHOBJbeBe Jby6aBH H THXHM,
Beh MH HHf1{e 3apOOHme TpHjYHalJKe
HaH3MeHH'IHHM KPHKOM MWIH opa

146

F
d
I,

jeHe - jYHa'lKa MajKO, Taj CBeT cna

caBa on pa3apalha, KaHoHH3yjynH ra y
MHTCKY aneropHjy 0 THXOM jeneHKY
H 0 BHHy O}J, 3a6HTja y CHM60JI.1

pa3Mclhyjy HX H pa3Hna3e ce; nBa ma&

Ha jYHilKa caMO cy ce norJIe,l"lHMa orJIe

Jlana H Hcno6cbcHa pa3HIIIna. neCMa

je 3a6eJlc)I{eHll oL\ T. TIOL\pyroBHha.

p.n.

H. M.':I>,

I Yn. CIl. nC-rpOBlIh. nOl1iiiUlW iiipaoullu;e,

JIMC. 1972. Kfh. 410. erp. 5.

MAPKO KPAJbEBO'fl 0 COKO.

TIecMa (8yK II/53, 54) Koja cBOjOM

'l'CMaTHKOM ynoTnYlhyje encKo-TPB:n:H
l\HjCKH JII!K MapKa, OCBeTJbasajyhH

Iherosy pU3He)KCHY ocehajHoCT 3a CBe

II1TO je cJIa60 H HcjaKo, He caMO KO,l"l

JbYAH, Bcn H y npHpO,l"lH. MapKo cnaca

B<l palheHor COKona, y ,l"Ipyroj BapMjaH
1'H opna H opnYlllHhe, a nTHQe My
na)KH,OM Y3Bpanajy, 'IHHehH MY XJIa,l"la
H ,l"IOHocchH My palheHOM so;n:e y
KJbyHy.

MAPKO KP AJbEBII'Fl 0 BOJIA.

CH)KejHo-TeMaTCKa OCHOBa neCMe

(BYK II137) nOTH~le seposaTHO H3

BeOMa CTapHX CJlojeBa enCKor neBalha

o npyroBalhY H cYK06HMa jYHaKa H HaT

npHpO):lHHX 6Hha. ,UBa HajBeha H

HajoMHJbeHHja jYHaKa cpnCKoxpBaTCKe

enCKe noe3Hje, MapKo H MHnom 06H
JIHn, y neCMH cy n06paTHMH; ):IpyryjynH
e BHJIOM PaBHjojnoM, MMJIom H3a3HBa
lheHY 3aBHCT H npeTlhy 360r nenor

neBalha. Ha Mon6y MapKOBY, OH 3ane

Ba jalllynH Kp03 MHpo'l nnaHHHY, anH

BHna ra YCTpenH. MapKo ce 06pana

llIapQY Kao pa3YMHOM 6Hhy, TP8.)KenH

na CTHI'He BHny. Y npo6paHHM CTH

XOBHMa HajnoTnYHMje je naT O):lHOC

MapKa, H3Y3eTHor jYHaKa H llIapl\a,

KOH.a HaTupHpO,l"lHHX cBojCTaBa, KOjH

eTH)Ke no,l"l 06JIaKOM sHny. MapKo je

npHMopa TOny30M ,l"Ia MHnOllla H3ne'lH

OHJbeM, a BHna, npH3HajynH CBOj cTpa.x

O,l"l MapKa, rnopHcpHKyje jYHalllTBO H

cHary MapKOBY.

p.n.

MAPKO KPAJbEBII'Fl 0 MYCA

KECEI.IIIJA. Jc):lHa on HajJIemIIHX H

p.n.

MAPKO KP AJbEBHn II JbY:ru-"

IiOr,UAH. neCMa (BYK Il/38),

tiA

Hajpa3BH.jcHHjHx necaMa (BYK II166), C

TeMOM 0 MapKoBoM Mer,l"laHY, KojH

BO):lH Kat) CYJITaHOB 3aTO~IHHK npOTHB

o,l"lMeTHHKa WTO upeTH ~apy y CTaM

6ony. HSTepHal\HOHaJIaH MOTHB 0

3aTsopeHHKY H Beft 3a60paBJbeHOM

jYHflKY, KOjH H3HlllaBWH H3 TaMHMl\e

ilOCTaje Y3nflHHI\fl H O,l"l6paHa BJla,l"lapa,

'IHHH CH)KejHY OCH0I3Y npse nonOBHHe

neCMe. noeTCKHM 3aKoHHToCT.0:Ma yc

MeHe enCKe neCMe, y npsOM .pe,l"ly

xHiIep6oJIOM, H3rpatleHe cy HMnpe
CHBHe cnHKe Mer;n:aHl,lHje, nO'leB O,l"l
CJla6aWHOr, jel{Btl )KHBOr MapKa H3

TaMHHQe:

Koja ce y CH)KejH6-TeMaTCKOM CMHcJ1Y

H3,l"1Baja Meljy HalllMM encimM rreCMaMa

K (}Ct/ My je ()O 3eM.ll?UI W IfPHe,

yomIITe. O,l"lnHKyje ce nOHHpalheM y

nOllY elTtelle. z/OIl().M ce Z/OKpuau,
nCHXOJIOTHjy 'nojaBe' GTpaxa .H . KO,l"l
fJOKlTtli cy MY, OpalTtll 6u MOlO,
BenHKHX jYHaKa, nOKYIHaja }berOSor
npMKpHllalha, Koje je ):IaTO HCTaH'laHHM .,l"IO xepKyncKor Ha}J,OJIa)Ke'lha CHare
XyMOpHCTH'lKHM CJlHKalheM nOHamaKOjOM HJ APeHOBHHe on ;rleBeT rO,l"\HHa
lha MapKa H JbyfHue EOr,l"laHa. MapKo
~allH SOllcHC.He,l"lH. EnH3Gl,l"la onpeMalha
C ,l"I'BojHQOM no.6paTH.Ma, P~JbOM. I i ' jYHuKa.JleOMa 'Iec~a Y!IamHM'encKHM
MHnomeM, q>eT8 JbyTHlI'y,EornaHa C HHp"BAHHM neC;M'.lMH, y OBOj je necMJi Ii
. ,l"IBaHaeCT BojBO,l"la. H j~,l"IaH' H. npyr:H .. , cH*eoM ':M CPYHKI\HjOM' opHrH.HaIIHa.

H36eraBajy nHpeKTaH nBoooj, jep. ce' lbo~'e' jc Hajca)KCTHje .naTa cnHKa .'

060jm.\a 60je, a TO npaTlha lhHxOBa He

MapKOBor npOTHBHHKa Kao 60Jber

npHMehyje. MapKo caBJIana ;n:BaHaeCT

jYHaKa~ 'IHMe jc HaroBemTeH ,l"IaJbH TOK

BojBo;n:a, JbYTH~a ,l"IBa. no6paTHMa,

paAlhe Y neCMH. MapKos rioCTynaK

147

,
~ .

. :!

rt
1

npeMa HOBaKY, KOMe Y rHeBY OnCe'le

3Pl:l)'._li~C:I1KOI-bC ,HK~na~e-", a npen,

nOMe p!lI-beHe jYHUKe, Mel)y KojHMa je
H BYKaWHH:

PYK~ HHKOM BHwe He Kyje HH 60JhY

HH ropy caOJhY, a onMax SaTHM MY

oCTaBlba CTOTHHY AYKaTa Aa ce XpaHH

3a :lKJfBOTa, HajnoTnYHHje OCBeTJhaBa

I-berOB H3Y3eTaH KapaKTep, aJIH Haro
seWTasa H I-beros IIOCT}'IIaK H npeMa
MYCH. BeJIH'lajylm Mycy y onHCHMa
I-berOBa H3rJIena H nOHaWaI-ba, HapOn
Ha neCMa nocpenHO Y3nIDKe MapKa H
Kao paTHHKa H Kao 'IojcTBeHa jYHaKa.
Y neCMH je naT jenaH on HajJlerrWHX
onHca MernaHa. CTapH CJlojesH enCKe
TpanH~je orJlenajy ce y MapKOSOM
npHjaTeJheSaI-bY C SHJIOM, Kao H y HaT
rrpHpOnHHM csojCTsHMa MYCHHa TpO

CTpYKa cpna ca 3aCnaJlOM ryjOM. TIo

CJlenI-bH MapKOS nOCTYTIaK, Kan nory6HSWH Mycy rrpHsHaje na je y6HO
60Jher on ce6e, y Ha'lHHY llJleMeHHTor
BHTeWTsa ysnIDKe MOpaJIHH nonSHr
H3Han paTHH'lKOr jYHawTBa.

"YaeJiu ia fun)a IIll AWi[iIllIY

OKpehe ZCI IlI/3 Hm)y MapwIY,

a 3aTHM nJleMCHHTHM JlHKOM TYPKH

je BOJhHa na paI-be
HOM jYHaKY I10MOrHe, HacynpOT HetlO
netIHOM, JlaKOMOM, THnH'lHO ryPCKOM
JIHKy I-beHOr 6paTa. ,!J;pym neo panI-be
owmja ce y TYPCKOj BOjCUH Y KOjOj je H
MapKO. Me!Jy BO.icKOM yrJlena Ha
TYP'IHHY ca6Jby
HHTepHaUHOHanHH
MOTHS - Koja ce HHKOM H3sanHTH He na

U KOn MapKa cc caMa Sa)];H HS KopHUa.

Ha I-boj cy )}TPH cnosa xpHwhaHCKa:

HOBaKa KOBatH!, BYKaWHHa KpaJha H
MapKa KpaJheBHha. ,!J;OSHaBWH KaKO
My je TYP'IHH pmbeHa ona nory6Ho, y
jenHoM TpeHyTKy nOTpeceH, nOCJle
ynpeAe pa3rneBJl,eH, oncena TyptIHHY
rJlasy.
Y SChHHH BupHjaHaTa OBe neCMe,
3aSpII1Ha CneHa je MapKOB rneB npen
CYJlTaHOM, KOjH ra ce'H caM nnaWH:,.

MAPKO nHJE Y3 PAMA3AH BH

HO. TeMa ose neCMe, je (BYK IU70)
oc06eHOCT H caMocsojHOCT MapKosor
OnHoca npeMa TypnHMa H cyJlTaHy.
UlIP <:' m)A/II<le 'I MlPKO iipUMU'ie,
MapKO He nowryje TypCKe nponHce 0
l(OK ()oheptllltlpa ')0 ()YHupa,.
nOHaWaI-bY, KaKO MYCJIHMaHCKa sepa
HaJIIDKe, jep jorH He npHnana, a CHamM
Te .ra napyje nYKaTHMa na 6H ra ce OC
'lYBa CBojy JIH'lHY CJlo60ny nOHaWaI-ba. "
Jlo60):\Ho.
3aBpWHa CneHa npen CYJlTaHOM je
OSH CTHXOBH, KojH y HaponH9M rOBOpy
OMHJheHa y neCMaMa 0 MapKY, 0H oneT
HMajy H nOCJlOBH'IKY jrnory,. Hajca
nOTepa napa no nysapa, KojH Fa on
)KeTHje HCKa3yjy MapKOB OAHOC rrpeMa
CTpaxa nYKaTHMa napHsa. CTpax Typa
cyJlTaHy. y eIlcKoj noe3MjH. OBY je
'Ka, npen MapKOM npHKa3aH je y non
neCMY BYK sa6eJle)KHO .on TewaHa
CMeWJhHBOM TOHY. OBaKBe 3aspWHe.
llonpyrOllHha, ,!J;pyra BapHjaHTa on
cneHe HMajy H CTapHj~ 3anHcaHe neCMe
. HenOSHaTor.TprOBI~a HS.OOCHe, Kao H
y XVIII B, (EpJI. PYK. 87, oomfimh 91),
BehHHa KacHHje 3a6eJle)KtlHHX y
Kao H neCMa 0 MapKosoM JIo'sy C TypnpyrHM 36HpKaMa, HeMa YBOnHY cneHY
. nHMa (BYK 1I/69).
. C TypKHH,OM,
P. n.

P.ll.

MAPKO n03HAJE OIJHHY ,CAS

'.JL'Y. JenHa on.Haj~o:maTHjmn!!1CKHX.
. necaMli 0 MapKY (BYK 11156'. 57), neJlH
MH'lHO'HCTOPHjcKO cehaI-be 0 ByicalliHHOSOj norH6HjH Ha penH MapHnH.
YBonHH neo rreCMe onJlHKyje ce BH
COKHM yMeTHH'lKHM spenHOCTMMa:
HMrrpeCHBHOM CJIHKOM peKe Koja y

MapKO Ha llIapny opjawe npen Apa

nHHOS waTOp H TOOO)!{e 3aTp3)KH Be
pecHjy 3a csan6apHHY; oAsHja ce Mer
AaH y KOMe je MapKO HaAMohaH H C
XYMOPOM nO'leKyje ApanHHoBeynap
ne, MaxHe Hajsan Ca6JbOM H oneT ca
CMeXOM 3aKJhy'lyje:

p.n.

.i

MAPK'O YKM,!J;A' CBA./UiA-PHHY.

HajIlOTnYHHje AaTa y.rrora MapKa Kao' ,

3!1111THTHHKa CHpOTHI-be paje. JawyhH y'
30py KOCOBOM, MapKo HaHJla3H Ha
Jleny aJIH npepaHo oceneJlY neBojKY
Koja MY ce )!{a.iJH aa Apana npeKO
MOpna UITO .ie ynapHo HaMeT Ha

MACKEPATE (apan.). BpCTa rIOe3H

je Koja ce neBa 0 llOKJIanaMa. Ca'lYBa
HH cy n03HaTH TeKCTOBH ny6pOBatJ:Kor
YMeTHHtlKor necHHWTBa, aJlH ce MO)Ke
npeTnOCT<lBHTH H nOCTojaI-be YCMeHHX,
q,OJlKJlOPHHX HMnpoBH3aUHja, YrJIaB
HOM naCI\HBHe Canp)KHHe.
H.M.-n.

MATMJAW, KPAJ.h MATJA)K, HC

TOPHjCKH MaTuja KOPSBU (1443
1490), KpaJb yrapcKH (1458--1490) H
Y XHnepOOJlH ce HSHOCH MapKOBa
'ICWKH (on 1461), CHH JaHKa XYI-ba,llHja.
OCBeTa Han MHOWTBOM ApanHHOBHX
Oja'Jao jc np)KaBY H BOjcKY rIpOTHB
cnyry H Haj3a)l. BeJIHKO HapO)l.HO cnasTypaKa. OCHoBao je YHHBep3HTeT y
, Jhe y MapKOBY 'laCT.
llO)KYHY 1465. H OTBOpHO npBy WTaM
p.n.
napHjy 1472. llonynapaH iYHaK npe
BaCXOnHO cnoBeHa'lKHX npHIlOBe)l.HHX
MAPOJIT, (lJpaune (1891-1951), <p OJlnecaMa H npeAaI-b~. TCMe BeSaHe.3a
KJlOPHCT :tI eTHoM~SHKOJIOr. CaKy
I-bera Kpehy ce y WHPOKOM pacnoHY on
MHTOJIOIllKHX H cpej:{I-bOBeKOBHHX XPH
rIJhao, npenHcHBao HapOnHe neCMe,
whaHcKHx, no COUHjaJIHHX H HanHo
Te)KHO .3a ayTeHTH'lHHM oOJlHUHMa H
HaJlHHX; 60pan I1pOTHB 60ra, oeCMpT
rrpaTehoM Hapo)l.HOM MeJIOnHjoM (J 5
HHK KGjH cnaBa y nehHHH, 'lyBap
CJlOaeftCKUX ftOPOOftUX Ueca.M.fl, 1930;
S3KonaHor 6Jlara, BJlanap 3JIaTHHX
CJlOaeftCKU 2J1oa6eftu q;OJlKJlOP; 1951).
H. M.-'j;.
npeMeH3, S3U1THTHHK nOTJIa'l~HHX H
CJla6HX, 60pan 3a CJloooA)'.
KpaJh MaTHjalU je 'leCTO oneBaH y
MAPTIfIi, rpr~ (1822-1905), <ppaI-beJlHPCKHM CJlOBeHatlKHM H KajKaBcKH~
. Ban, TeOJlor, )KyrIHHK Y ~apajeBy,.
H3PO,llHHM neCMaMa, OC06HTO Jhy6aB-
3aTHM )KHBeO H panuo y CaMOCTaHY Y
HHM. 0/1, cpncKoxpBaTcKHx JlHPCKHX
KpeweBY. oaBHO ce nHCaI-beM, yqec
rIeCaM3 cnaKaKO je Hajn03HaTHja neCMa
TBOBao y nOnHTH'lKHM 36HBaI-bHMa,
o lleTpy AOj'IHHY, oapanHHciwM oaHY,
cKynJhaO'H HS)l.aBao HapOnHe neCMe
H Kpan,y'MaTH.1awy. Osa neCMa y TpH
(Hopoofte ujecM.e 6OCOftCKe U xepl~e20Haecrepny, JhyoaBHe TeMaTHKe, saIlH
.aO"lKe, 1858, C 41. JYKHheM). llHcao
caHa je nO'I. XVIII B. Y EpJlaareHCKoM
. enCKe neCMe nOnpa)KaBajyhl! H~p<?nHe
PYKOIlHCY H KacHHje y BycoBQj nPBOj
(Ocaeiii.ftUl~u I-VII, 1861:....1883).
p.n,
KI-bHSH.l)HPCKHX !1ecar,fa; Kao it y 6p~j
HHM pYKoimcHuM necMapHnaMa, a' )KH
MAPTOJIOCKA EnHKA. neaa' 0 . . BeJIa je'y Hap6Ay CBe no'J;iO'leTKa OBOr'
BCKa', H<l.isHillC y' Kpaje~HMa npeKo
60jeBHMa MapTOJlOSa, xpHWhaHa KOjH
Cane H ,!J;yuaBa.
.
cy Y TYPCKOj CJl~6H 06aBJhaJIH onpe
EncKe HapoAHe neCMc, 'Hapo'IHTo
!JeHe BojHe )l.~HOCTH, Haj'lelllhe Kao
CTapHje, 3anHcaHe notl. XVIII B., neBa
IIoca,lla oCBojeHHx nOAPY'lja, TOKOM
jy 0 MaTHjawy Kao yrapcKoM Kpalby H
XV-XVII B. OqYBaH je MaJIH 6poj
Kao 6p:ac' OGe CU jYHUKa 'iJiaea!
KaN' oa Nuje Ha lbeMY HU 6uJla!

. Y :oBQf neCMH (Byi 11/68) MOX<,l\a :j~ ..

148

OBHX nccaMa y cTapHjHM 3anHCHMa

(EpnaHrcHcKH pYKonHC 6p. 83). TIpe
Ma HeKHM npeTnoCTaBKaMa, OBa eIlHKa
3H3THO je nOnPHHeJla nonynapHoCTH
KpaJhenHfia MapKa.

BOJlUM, 6paili.e. U3zy6uili.u 'iJlaey,

Hd' lby6uili.u ceoj aeAtibu ()yULM.tlNa.

H.e nesojKc Koja

p.n.

IIi'

)KeHHn6y H ynan6y, Tpa)Ketm on paje

AYKaTe H penOM no neBojKY Ha Hoh; can

je Ha I-by CTHrao pen, aJiH ce OHa

01lJlytIMJla Ha CMpT:

. j

149

J:\OBOJ:\e ra y Be3Y ca 3MajeM OnbeHHM

ByKOM H ca aHTH1}'pCKHM 6op6aMa,
liTO O]:lfOBapa HCTOPHjCKHM 'UfIDeHH
l.\aMa, aJIH elICKH y06JIH'IeHHM:

CKMM ellCKHM HCCMaMa. npOl.\eCOM M

AHOj eIlHl\M (My)K Ha cBan6H cBoje

npHpeljHBatla KpMTH'lKe 36MpKe S/o

CPOPMYJlHOM TCXHMKOM l:bMXOBOr CTBa

:>KeHC, OOHO. 1934, Kl:b. I, cB.l; Mo

vellske Ijudske pesmi.l. 1970; II. 1981.

palba H MCTOPMjCKOM II03ai:\HHOM Ha

THB 0 cYKo6y (lIla H CMHa, 3arrHCH

H. M.-'B.
KOjOj H!lCTajy (CpiiCKOXpeaiIicKa 'ipa

1930, KH>. VII; KfbMra - SaHoBun

H.lIltapCKO eiiltlm. 1974; 00 CH.a 00

MErnAH". OMHJbeHa TeMa HallIHX

aaiiaoa. JlllpcKe iiec.+!e 6aHaiIlcKe aojHe

HapoIlHHx errCKHX rrecaMa, CTapHjHx,

'ipoHUlle (13 36upKe BlwoaHa ApCeHU

cpe/lIDHX H HOBHjHX BpeMeHa. ErrCKM

jeeuita, 1967); rrOCTMKOM errCKor Hapo

IIOIIYJlapHH jYHa~H 'IeCTO ce oneBajy

Klbuiy UUtue KpU/by MaUlujaUle

00 Jlujeua CiUleilia 00 upUMopja.

(Epn. py... 59)

gHor neCHHIllTBa (,> KIDIDKeBHa MCTO

pHja, 1970. III. 9 H 1974, VII, 25);

HH}:U1BHllYclJlHMM J:\orrpMHOCOM rreBa'Ia

cncKoj lIoe3H.jM. noce6HO <PHJIHrrOM

BHIllIDHlieM (Bulwbuhee yciIlaHultKu

eii, CTYHHje H rpalja 3a HCToPHjy KlbH-'

:>KeBHOCTii I. MKMY, 1980; KIDMra

EfiltKa ),cifiaHKa, 1982). 06jaBMo aHTO

JIOrHjy TY:>K6anHl.\a ca CTY,l:lMjOM: ,aeopu

M H360p MaTHje KopBHHa 3a yrapcKor

KpaJba OlIeBaH je y HallIHM elICKHM rrec
MaMa. BehH 6poj BapHjaHaTa orreBa
OBY TeMY MHTepHaU;HOHallHMM enCKHM
MOTHBOM 0 H360py BnaJ:\apa 1I0Mofiy
KpyHe Koja ce 6au;a rroJ:\ o6naKe H rrai:\a
Ha rJIaBY H3a6paHHKa, MaKO ra 3aT
Bapajy y KyJIy, HJIH D;pKBy, llITO ce
jaBJba M y enCKoj lIoe3HjH ,l:lpyrHX Hapa
Aa, HIlp. y cppaHD;ycKHM chansons de
geste. Y rrOHeKHM ce rreCMaMa rreBa 0
MaTHjH cnym, KOjH H3 60ja ,l:lOHOCH
KpaJbHu;H BeCT 0 norn6MjH KpaJba, a
ORa ra Y3HMa 3a KpaJba:

caMoiIleopll (1982).
H.M.-'E.

MATH'lETOn, MHJIKO (poljeH 1919),

eTHonor, cponKnopMCT M KOMrrapaTHCT.

Y HallIoj Hayl!M IIpBH MOHorpacpcKHM

rrYTeM reorpacpcK(}-MCTopHjcKe MeTO

Ae MCTPU:>KMO jCAaH HapaTMBHM THrr

(AOKTOpCK8 J:\McepTaQHja Sezgani in

prerojelli i!lovek. CA3Y, Jby6JbaHa

1961). BaBH ce TepeHcKMM pallOM,

MCTpa:>KHmiIDeM rrojelll:lHMX nOApyqja

(IIOCe6HO Pe3Mje. OTKYJ:\ 36MpKa 'lIeca

MU RoZice H3 PC3Mje,.If rrpHIloBe,l:laKa 0

:>KMBOTHH,aMa Zverillice, 1973); TeopM

jCKMM H3Y'laBClIDCM MHIlMB~yaJIHOr y

. npMnoBcllaIDY' {nopTpeT rrpHnoBeAa'la

M. lIeBa'm - npMrrOBeAalbe Kao cpe-

HOMeH: Josip JurCiC. Regilla Kramaro

ill lIosilci folklora, "Pa3rneJ:\M, TpCT

Kpa/b MuUlujaUl iiociliaoe iOCUOOUH

y EyOUMY ipaoy DujeJloMY

(Epn. PJI(. 73)

HMe KpaJba ~aTHJe

MaTJlHje jaBJba
ce H y MaKeAOHCKHM J;lap0J:\HHM rreCMa
Ma (Bpaha .MHnai:\HHoBu;H, 103).
p.n.
MATIfn, CBe:ro3ap (1887-1973), HCTOpHqap KlbH)I{eBHOCTH, rrpocpecop
cpeAlbe llIKOJIe H oH6JIHOTeKap (Oiiuc

PYKoiiuca' Hapo0'f e

'.1948; Ljudsko pripovedllistvo v Slovenski lstri, Pall 28. KOHrpeca CY<IiJ; 0

6u6.1luoiIleKe,

. BeorpaJ:\, 1952). Haj3Ha'lajHMjH cy MY

pa,o;OBH M3 06naCTH H3yqaBaIDa CPII
cKoxpBaTcKe elIHKe H MeTpHKe (Haw
flapooH.u eii 'l/ flaW. ciIlux, HOBH Cai:\,

KaKO J:\eJIe MerJ:\aHe y KojMMa rro6eljyjy,

Hnp. KpaJbeBHh MapKo C MYCOM Ke
cel.mjOM, AparrHHoM, 'BeMoM BpljaHH
HOM, BY'IOM UeHepaJIOM, <PHJlHrrOM
MaJ,lapHHOM H /.Ip. MernaHe /.Iene H
xaj/lY'fKM M YCKOqKH jYHa~M, Hnp. Bajo
IIMBJbaHMH C 6erOM Jby6oBHheM.
OlIeBaIDe MerJ:\aHa 'IHHH qeCTO cpe/.lM
llIHy TeMaTCKo-cH)I{ejHY OKOCHHU;y
errCKe lIeCMe M OJ:\BHja ce y YCTaJbeHHM
KOMrr03H~HOH(}-H3pa)l{(jjHMM 3aKOHM
TOCTHMa errHKe.
MerAaHJ,lMje cy
Haj'lellIhe Ha KOlbY H Hoce xnaAHO
opy)l{je; y )l{apy 60p6e jYHau;H cnaMajy
opy:>Kje H ry6e KOlbe, xBaTajy ce
YKOllITau;, rJlaBHOM jYHaKY rrOMa)l{e
KOjM rryT BHJIa, HJIH My CHara Y TpeHY
Hallolje. Y OIlHCHMa Mer/.laHa rrojaBJby
jy ce M HeKe peanMje H3 CTBapHMX
AB060ja paTHHKa
BHTe30Ba, Hrrp.
ljeBepM Tj. ceKYH/.IaHTM y nyeJlMMa, Y3M
Malbe.opY)l{ja M onpeMe 0/.1 rrooeljeHor
MAp. Y MYCJlHMaHCKHM enCKMM HapOIl
HMM lIeCMaMa MerAaHH qHHe CKOPO
Hajpa3BMjeH!lje . enH30Ae y KojMMa ce
MHoro rrocBehyje rra)l{lbe KHTIDaCTOM
orreBalbY OlIpeMalba jYHaKa M KOlba 3a
6oj.
Y rreCMaMa 0 6op6aMa 3'a ocno60ljeIDe
orrMcyjy ce Mer)laHH YCTaHMqKHX Bolja
(JIYKe JIa3apeBHlia, MHJIollIa CTOH
heBHha, JIa3apa MYT~na HAp.) C
TypCKHM jYHaU;HMa, Ha Ha'IHH MerllaHa
CTapMX, errCKM n03HaTHX jYHaKli, HIlP,
. MapKa Kpan,eBMha, Te ce KOjH IIYT Kao
l?~THBHMK jaBJba H AparrM.H.

ueCHMKHlbH Pe3HjaHKM CHnBaH,H PaIetti: Srecna govorica, Ja,o;paiIcKH

KaJIeH/lap, Tpc'r, 1981); HCTOPHjOM
1964; Hoeu.oi.lleou 0 Haw.e.l\l. H.apoo
cnOBeHa'IKe YCMeHe KlbIDKeBHO'CTM
11.0.1\1. ~iiy, HOBH CaJ:\, 1972). 3aCTYlIao je
(Ljudskp proza. Zgodf!villa slovenskega'
MHllIJbelbe,l:la ce KOC05CKH Kpyr rrecMa-'"
slGvstva I, Jby6n,ami 1956; Pregled ust
lIega .tIOl's!vG: Slovellcev v Reziji, CJla
Ma pa3BHo Ha cpeMcKoM nO,l:lpyqj:y
. TOKO~ XVUI B.
.

. BHCTJ:ltIK<l peBHja 16, 1968). llpoy

MEnEHUUA,
P. J1

'IaBaO noje/lHHe 'TeMe 1'1 THIlOBe (Kralj .

MATm.:iKH, MBolq)ar (poljeH i940), .

HCTOpH'Iap H TeOpeTMqap YCMeHe

KIDIDKeBHOCTH. BaBH ce XpOHMqap

150

'. 1'.11.

PaAoc~B. (1897:-1994),

repMaHHCT M cponKnOpHcT,' jeAaH . 0/.1

Matjaz v lui!i Ilovega slavellskega' gradi ypeAHHKa llpHJIora rrpoyqaBalb)!" Ha
va ill llovih raziskovallj. Razprave
pOAHe' lIoe3Hje. BaBH ce MCTpaxmBa
SAZU II14, 1958; Duhovill v Brkillih,
IDeM HHTepHaU;HOHanHHX MOTMBa H
Traditiolles 1973, 2). JeAaH je on
IIp06neMOM BapMjaHaTa y Hallloj Hapo-

CifipaXllfba Y Kpy'iy aapujaHaiIla u

ifieMa 0 Heeepu .)fCeHe, 1965). IIpoyqaBa

CTHJlCKH cpeJlcTBa MMrrpOBH3a[(Hje

(<PiinMII BHllIH,Hh M lIeCHH']KM OKBHP

'lloJIelicna l~Ba BpaHa raBpaHa',

nllHn, Klb. II. CB. 1); rroce6HY KIDHry

nOCBeTMO HapoJ~HHM rreBaqHMa (Haw.a

H.opooH.a eiillKa II H,eH.ll iIleop1lu, 1975).

fOIlHHe

1967. o6jaBHo aHTOJIOrHjy

llpHolopcKa lIHe2ooiIla, ca YBOJ:\HOM

CTY/.IHjOM.

H.M.-'fi.

ME'BE)],OBH'll. HaCJIOB II03HaTe

6ajKe H:l BYKoBe 36MpKe, qH,iH je

npHnoBella'l TemaH IIoApyroBMh. He

Ma'IKM npcnoA M3 1817, BYKoBor rrpM

jaTeJba, JynMjyca llloTKHja, caKynJbaqa

aycTpHjcKiix HapoJUlHx rrecaMa, o6jaB

JbeH je ABC rOAHHC npe cprrCKor opMrn

Hana, y HeAeJbHMKY "Wochentliche

Nachrichten, 1819/1V.

KOMrrJIeKCHe CaAp::>KHHe. rrpM']a ceo

O/.lHOCI1 HH Mel)cAoBMha; MnaJ:\Hhll HaT-..

IlpHpOAHC CHare. CHHa )l{eHe H Me,o;Be

A<l. lhenmc IlYCTOJIOBHHe onBHjajy 'ce

1Ia onOMC CBCTY. peaJI!icTMqKHX .rrpe

HCJla H yo6H'tajeHMx nMMeH3Mja, Meljy

. nOJbMMU, BMHorpaAHMa H peKaMa, rulH

'H y 'IYlleCHHM IlpOCTop~a J,lHHOBCKMX'
pa3Mepa, y OKBHPY HeKe Bp'CTeapxeo
JIOIIIKMX, npaHCTopMj<?KHX MCKorrlma.
Ll.eceT AimOBa H TpH/.IeCeT KOlba rrpe
cnana y JhY1l:CKOj. rrpa3Hoj' Jl06aIDH.
06WlH<l 6Hha :>K'Hl3C yrropeAo ca J,lHHO
EI1Ma M ilPyryjy C H,MMa. JIerra AeBojK~
PY'IKoH'oma Tpe6a Jl3 ce ,yJ:\a 3a BpKy y
'lHjeM 6pKY HMa 365 rrTH'ljHX rHe3](a.
l\1elje)lOBHh ce y cBOjOj HaTIlpHp0J:\Hoj
CHa3H M BcnH'IHHM CMeIIlTa y llIyrraJb
3)'6 paTapy. .
.
KOHU;HIIHpclHa ~OTOBO. Hanp.eaJiHCTH

']KH, :6ajK3 ce pacnpcKaBa CPOPMY~OM. '.' .

>;H Ha tlfU:T BaM JIa)l{: Y .HerrpJ::CTaHOM ..

MCUJaIDY' CTaHOBHlllTa Ka3HBa']a 6?ljKe,

C IlpMcTynoM YOOI1'IajeHHM 3a IllaJbHBY

npM'ly, A06Mja 06ene)l{je rrapo,o;l1je.

CaojHM MOTHBMMCl 0 IlMnOBHMa, rrpMrro

151

~BeTK1!J':~U~(!3Yie_.!!3a npe):l~Ii>.e 0 HeK8):I

~JI!~~M

Yn, K/lle1i/!ri~1/ J~r Pro:/l - Volksdichlung.

H.M.-li

MEPEJJ:HT, OBell '(Owen Meredith,

npasHM HMeHOM E. R. Bulwer -Lytton,
1831-1891), eHrneCKH neCHHK, AP:lKaB

ME'BE.IlOB~ ABltO, neBa'l MYCJIH

MaHCKHX enCKHX HapoAHHX neCaMa,

KapaKTepHCTH'IHHX no H3pa3HTOj on
rnHpHOCTH. OA H>era cY neCMe 3anHCH
BaJIH 1933. MHJIMaH IIepH H KacHHje
AJI6epT JIoPA, npoq,ecopH XapBap):I
CKor YHHBep3HTeTa Y AMep~, npoy
'1aBajylm 3aKOHHTOCTH rpaljelba enCKe
YCMeHe neCMe.

HHK H ltMIIJIOMaTa ca CJIY>K60M y Ee'lY.

.!lOJIa3HO y Eeorpan H yno3Hao H Hamy
HapoAHY noe3Hjy. BeoMa ycnemHO
npeBeo Ha eHrJIeCKM Harne HapOAHe
neCMe, Serbski Pesme or National
SOllgs of Serbia, JIoHAoH 1861, yrnaB
HOM IlpCMa cppaHQYCKOM npeBOAY
OrnCTa ,U030Ha, KOjH je Y TO BpeMe
6HO Y Ecorpa}ly y cppaHQycKoj KOH3y
JIapHoj CJIY)K6H H 1859. oojaBHo KlbHry
HalllHX t1ap0J(HHx necaMa (Poesies

P.II.

MEJIHqKA DECMA,

B.

HapooClca

UeCMa.
P.II.

poplilaires serbes).

MEMOPAEHJIE (JIaT.). TepMHH KOjH

P.II.

je Ha OCHOBY JIaTHHCKOr npeBOAa rp'l

Ke pe'lH apomnemoneum, y YCMeHY
KlbIDKeBHOCT yseo A. JOJIec, y CBOM Ae
JIY 0 jeAHOCTaBHHM OOJIHUHMa (A. Jo
lIes, Einfache Formen, Halle, 1930).
II03HBajyllH. ce Ha 3Ha'lelbe Koje oBaj
TepMHH' HMa KOA KceHoq,OHTa (y AeJIY
o CoKpary non OBHM Ha3HBoM), H KOA
eBaHreJIHCTa (y carneAaBalbY XPHCTO
Bor JIHKa), JOJIec YO'laBa OMHK MeMO
pa6HJIe Kao q,OJIKJIOPHH OOJIHK. Barna
HOBHja q,OJIKJIOpHCTHKa YCBaja JIaTHH
CKH Ha3HB~ KapaKTepHCTHKe OBe q,op
Me: "BepOAoCTojHOCT npHl10BeAaimx
'1HlbeHHll;a, A06pa OAaopaHH AeTaJbH,
3aXBaT H3 KOHKpeTHe HCTOpHje npH6
JIIDKaBajy ~eMop!l6HJIe oApeljeHoj BP
CTH K-yJITYPHO-HCTOPHjCKHX npeAalba,
Koja ce H CaMa HaJIa3e Ha npeceKY JIer
eH,l:\apHOr, HCTopHjcKor H aHerAoTCKor.
H.M.-n.

MEPH13H, Bpyuo (Bruno Merigi,

1927-1970), HTaJIHjaHcKH CJIaBHCTa,
npoq,ecop YHHBep3HTeTa, npeBOAHJIaQ
C'BehHHc CJIOBCHCKHX je3HKa. H3Y'laBa
naQ CJIOneHCKC YCMeHe KlbH)KeBHOCTH
PYCKHX 6HJbHHa H cpncKoxpBaTcKHx
Hap0JJ;HMx necaMa. Haj3Ha'lajHHjH cy
My paAOHH 0 MHTOJIomKHM eJIeMeHTH
Ma Y cpnCKO"PBaTCKHM HapOJJ;HHM nes:
MaMa H 0 )KeHMJ\OH KpaJba BYKamHHa y
H8PO).lHoj cnHllH.
P.II.

MEXAHUIffi~ fpyjo, npHnOBeAa'l H

neBa'I BYK8 Kapal,mila, TprOBaQ H3
C.eHTOMama. BYK ra je yn03Hao 1829. y
3eMyncKoM JI83apcTY, rAe cy ooojnu,a
JJ;alby... CIIaOaJIH a Holiy .IIpHnosH
jeAaJIH.
H. M.':S.

MEMOPATA (JIaT.). Y06H'1ajeH Tep

MHfPAUHJA MOTHB~ .. IIojaM

r.nm y HHTep\la!W<>HaJIHoj mfTepaTyp~

KojH YBOI~M'Y q,OJIKJIOPHCTHKY mKOJIa

Te9ltOpa EeHcpaja. MOTHB .ce OBAe
yno'i:pePJI,aBa KaKo y MHcny TeMe H
OCHOBHe HJJ;eje, TaKo H y CMHCJIY Haj
'Kpalie CH)Kej~e QeJIMHe Koja ce npeHO
CH H3 AeJIa y ):leJIo, H3 HapOna y. HapOA.

o npenalbHMa. YBW ra je K. q,OH CH

~oy (Sydow).1.Ka3HBag,e~ JIH'lHHM
'. nO:lKBBJbajHa, COnCTBeHHM.celiaibHMa,
~oje nOCTaje ):leo TPap;HqHje H nO'lliH>e
cenpeHOCHTH Kao npe):lag,e, nornTO ra
yCBOje H npyrn Ka3HBa'lH, HHTepnpeTH
pajyliH ra YBeK Kao CBOj AO:lKHBJbaj.

B. MUipal(ItOHa iIieopuja.

H.M.-l>.

H.M.':B.

152

BaTpocmm Jarnh (Xuciiiopuja ICIbU

}lce6HOCcTtll Hapooa xpaaiiicICoia u cpu
HOBHe CTaBOBe MHrpaUHOHe TeopHje
cKola, I, 3arpc6, 1867) npaTH mHpelbe
H3JIa)Ke lbeH 3a'leTHHK TeOAOp EeHq,aj
nplHlOBCJIUKa npCKO BM3aHTHjcKe KU,H
(Theodor Benfey), y CBOM npeAroBopy
)KenHOCTH H 1i3 opJ.ljeHTanHe oalllTHHe
HeMa'lKOM npeBOAY naH'-Iaiiial-tiUpe,
npeKo TypaKa. .!laje noceoaH 3Ha'laj
1859. MeljYHapo):lHY CJIH'IHOCT npHno
nHTcpaptloj Tpanl1llHjH, noceoHo OHO
BeAaKa TyMatlH lbHXOBHM 3ajeAHH'IKHM
JIMjCKHM JIereHA<lMa. TparajyliH 3a
nOpeKJIOM y HH):IHjcKOj KlbIDKeBHOCTH;
HenocpCnHHM. HCXOJJ;HIllTHMa noje
HCTH'Ie HCKJbY'lHBO YCMeHH nyT npe
AMtlHX IIpHnoBeAaKa, oTBapa nepHoA
Hornelba TPa):lHUHje on X B., a nOCJIe
IlJIOAtlHX KOMuapaTHBHHx CTyJJ;Hja Ha
Tor BpeMeHa lbeHO umpelbe nYTeM
HallieM 'l'cpeny, H ynopeAo ca CToja
nHcaHe KlbH)KeBHOCTH, y3 CTanHO
HOM HOB8KoBHheM, HCTpa)KHBalba
npHCYTaH YCMeHH nYT HapOtIHTO y
OAHOca YCMeHe C IIHcaHOM TPaAHUMjoM.
CJIOBeHCKHM 3eMJbaMa. Y 6JIHCKOM
IIoCJIe 06eCHa)KMBalba nOCTaBKe MHr
AOAHPY C OYAHCTH'IKOM HHAHjOM,
paUMoHc TeopHje 0 HCKJbY'lHBOM
npeKO KHHe H THoeTa, npHllOBeTKe,
nopeKJIy MOTHsa y MHAHjH. Hama KOM
no lbeMY, npeHoce MOHrOJIH ):10
napaTHC'rHKa (B. KOMuapaiiiu6Ha Me
EBpone. IIpeBonH Ha nepcHjcKH, apan
iiioiJa) nO'lMlbC na ce oasH MaxOM caMO
CKH, xeGpejcKH oMoryliyjy mHpelbe
KOHCTaTooalbCM CnM'IHOCTH HamHX ca
HHAHjcKe KlbH)KeBHOCTH Ka nOAPY'l
CTpaHMM MOTMBHMa, oe3 YTBpljHBalba
JHMa HCJIaMHTa y A3HjH, Aq,PHQH,
npMOpMTC'l'8
H,HXOBor
nOCTaHKa.
EBponH, CBe AO xpHlliliaHcKor MCToKa
TIpMponHO nOApa3YMesajylm MHrpa
H 3anaAa. MaKo y CBOjHM nenHMa
l\Mjy MOTHBa, OBa HCTpa)KHBalba npeA
EeHq,ajoB cneA6eHHK EMaHYeJI Koc
CTHSJbajy H i10jcnMHatlHe HHAeKce
KeH (Emmanuel Cosquin, Contes po
lIapaJI~JIHMX Bep3Mja' Harne rpa~e ca
pulaires de Loraine, I-II, Paris 1887),
rp'IKOM (M. XaJIaHCKH, M. 'llypHIi, C.
3Ha'lajHHM oTKpHlieM erHnaTcimx
baHOBHh); ca PYCKOM (XanaHCKH,
36RpKH OnY3HMa MHAHjH npeBaCXOAHO
BeccJIoBCKH, MapeTHh); ca HeMa'lKOM
MeCTO pH3HHQe 6ajKH, MHrpaQHoHa
(XanaHCKM, MapeTHIi; MeAeHHQa).
. TeOpHja oCTaje 3Ha'lajHa no KOHQetlQH
CnH'lHOCTHMa . TeMa Harne YCMeHe
jH HCTpa)KHBalba nYTeBa mHpelba
KlbIDKeBHOCTH, C AeJIHMa BMIDe '1yBe
MOTHBa. M3 lbe riPOHCTH'lY nocpeAHO H
HHX CBeTCKHX nHcau;a, 6aBHJIH cy ce'if
3Ha'lajHe KOMnapaTHBHe HanOMeHe P.
. II. IIonooMIi, .T. 1lopljeBHIi, B. 'liopo
Kenepa {R. Kohler) y3 nojeAHHe 30HP' . BHh.
Ke, OOHMHO neJIO 10xaHeca EOJITea H
IIoceOHCCTYAHje noCBeheHe cy TPa
JHp:lKHja IIoJIHBKe, KOjH y3 6ajKe opa . ralbHMa 3a CTpaHMM MOTH'BHMa Kao
lie fPHM AOHOce MeljYHaponHe BapH-.
noepenHHIlHMa y npeHOllleH.y Beli KOH
jaHTe 3a cBaKy npH'Iy, noceouy na>KlbY
CTaToBaHor M3Bopa, KaKO y nHcaHlIM
06paliajyliH aamoj rpaljH.
.
TaKO H y ),CMCHHM KlbIDKeBHOCTHMa,
.llpeACTaBHHQQ' OBe TeOpHje. KO):l Hac:
HCTpa)KHHalba rCHeTcxHX Be3a ca'
CTOj~iI HOBaKOBHIi (J1ciiiopuja cpuCl-ce
aHTH'IKHM, apaIICKHM, CTaporepMaH
KlbWICe6Hoctilu, EeorpaA 1867), HaJIa
CKHM, CTapoq,pHHI\yCKHM napaJIeJiaMa
3H. H3BOP. MHornM HamHM npHnOBeTKa
(CT. HonaKOBHh, B. 'liOPOBHIi, M. By~
Ma y HWlHjcK9-caH.cKpTCKoj KlbIDKeBJJ;HCaBJbeBHh, M. KaCYMomm, ~. Baj
. HOCTH, 'aJIH .np TO' He 3al;feM!ipyje
. paKTapelmli, M. QYP'IHH,
IIOI!OBHIi, .
(J); l'aJtHJ-feu;,)f. EaHameBHlir
';>3ajeAHH'IKY MHTOnornjcKY PH3HHUY
H.M.-l>.
apHj'CKHX HapOAa, HamamaBa 'OWIoce .
C xpHmliaHCKOM JIereHAapHOM KlbH
MHnA ()KHBeO OKO 715-676. npe H.e.),
)KeBHomliy H MoryliHOCT HacTajalba
no aHTH'IKHM npeAalbHMa H JIHTe
MOTHBa H3 HenocpeAHor :lKHBOTa Hapo
papHoj OBHAHjeBoj o6paAH, HaKa3HH
na.

MHfPAUHOHA TEOPHJA. Oc

Copenhagen. 1941'1.

JbY):IHMa.

: I

n.

153

cppHrnjcKH KpaJb C MarapeiulM ynlHMa,

KOjH OPIDKJbHBO qYBa CBOjy TajHY H
-YOHja CBaKor KO je j:{03Ha. HMa H Moli
na CBe qera ce nOTaKHe npeTBapa Y
3J1aTO. Osaj npBH CKJlOIJ MOTIma, 0
BJIanapeBoj TajHH 11 lheHOM OTKPH
Balhy, npenCTaBJba HajKpaliy OKOCHHIl.Y
cpaoyJIe 11 Ha Hall1eM TepeHY. Be3yje ce
HHaqe 3a Qapa TpojaHa, 3a KpaJba
Hop}'Ha, 3a opyoalhcKor OaHa. IIpena
lhe je pacnpOCTpalheHO no q1lTaBOM
CBeTY on A3Hje, EBpone 1l:0 AcpPHKe H
AMepHKe H y OCHOBHOM OOJIHKY Ka3yje
o BJIanapy ca )KHBOTHlhCKHM ooeJIe
)KjeM Koje cKpHBa Oil: JbYIl:H. OOHqHO ce
opHjaqy, lIJIH HeKOM on nocnyre
oTKpHje ca 3aXTeBOM Il:a qYBa lherOBY
TajHY. qOBeK je, He MOraBll1H Il:a je
CaqYBa, nOBe.pH MPTBOj HnH )KHBOj
npHpOIl:H (Ha TOM MeCTY H3pacTe
OHJbKa, Oil: Koje ce HanpaBH CBHpaJIa);
TajHa ce npo'lyje; opHja'l CTpall:a HnH
MY oyne OnpOlllTeHo. TeMa ce MO)Ke
OOllHKoBaTH H Kao oajKa. IIoceoHY
npa)K y CBHM TeKCTOBHMa npell:CTaBJba
neo 0 nCHXonorHjH TajHe H JbyncKoM
OnHOCY npeMa lbOj.
Hllll1a Hajrr03HaTHja BapHjaHTa je H3
BYKoBe 30HpKe non HacnoBoM Y Qapa
TpojaHa K03je yll1H. (IIoTIlYH npe
rnen BapHjaHaTa, KaKO Hall1HX TaKO H
CTpaHHX~ naje M. EOll1KOBHli - Stulli y
CTYnHjH HapooHa ilpeoaja 0 6.11o,oape-'
60j iilajHu, 3arpeo, 1967).
H.M.-li.

MUKJIOmWI, ~paH~ (1813-1891),

cnaBHCT, KlhIDKeBHH HCTOpH'Iap; nOK
TOp cpHn030cpHje H npaBa; anBOKaT,
OHOnHOTeKap. ABopcKe OHOJIHoTt;Ke,
npocpecop cnaBHCTHK~' y Be'lY; np~
jaTeJb J. KonHTapa. ltbnao' 3Ha tlajHe
CTynHje H3 HCTOpHje cnoBeHCKHX je3H
Ka H CTapocnoBcHcKor .je3HKa, Kao lei
nHHrBHcTHKe; H3yqaBaO anoaHcKH H
PYMyru;KH je3HK,. eneMeHTe TypCJ{or.
je3HKa y.eBporiCKHMje3H~Ma H,np. H3'
,THX oonaCTH cy My Haj3H3 tJajHHjH
panOSH: Die Wurzeln des Altsloven;

schen (1857), Etymologisches Warter

buch der slavischen Sprachen (1886),
Kao H3150PHHK apXHBCKe rpalje: Manu

MUJIAKOBIfli, Jocnn (1861-1921),

OOllaCTH
HCToPHjcKo-reorpacpcKor
neCHHK, nCj:{arOIliKH rrHCa1\, rryonH1\H
HCTpa)KHlHllha; 6110 je BepaR oene
eTa. I1poytIaBao HaponHY KlhIDKeBHOCT
)K1'IJ1a1~ HapoAHor )KHBOTa, caKynJha'I
'laBao je H CPIICKoxpBaTCKY Hapoj:{HY
ca ll1KOJICKo-nell:arOll1KHX CTaHOBH
lIoe3Hjy. OCOOHTO ellHKy: Die serbiselie
HapO}IHHX ofiwlaja. rrecaMa, rrpHrro
ll1Ta. Pall:OBe je oojaBJhHBaO Y qaCOTIH
Epik (1863), Die \folksepik der Kro
IlCHaK8 M npCnalha. !beroBa HajBa
CHMa Hana H II.IKoncKH BjecHHK y
)KHHja nClIa: )/(u8oiU Cp6a CelbaKQ
arell (1870), Ueber Klaggesang von
I-III, 1868-1877; 21894; KHe:JfCe6Ulla
CapajcBY. a 3aTHM H 3aceOHO: Maj/Ca y
de,. edlell Frauen des Asan Aga (1883);
HaUlUM iloc.II06UI(flMa (1894), MajKa y
Cp6l1ja, 1876; nOMeHlI 0 J/.aH.u'1.uIty,
Die DarstellulIg illl slavisehen \folks
1883; flOMCHllK 3HaMeHlliilux Ibyou U3
HaUloj HapooHoj ileCMU (1896), CY:JfCalb
epos (1890).
y HapooHoj ileCMU (1915). OojaBHo je
flP60i cpllc/Co'i ycilialllca, 1891; KHe3'
MHKJIOlIlH'1 jc oojmlHO, OTKpHBll1H. y
aHTonorHjy 3a ll1KOJICKY ynoTpeoy
MWIOUl y iiputtaMll, I-II, 1900; flpu
PYKonHcHoj OCT(lI3I11THHH IIeTpa 3PHH
HaponRe H nHcaHe nHpHKe, ca YBOnOM
'taiba flcilipa JOKlIlia, 1891; Kapa
CKor, Koja je C(1'lymlHa nocne lherOBor
H TYMa'-lelhHMa, Hama iljecMa (1905).
Ijoplje y 360py U iilaopy, 1903, Oll:lIHKy
lIoryon,cli>a 1671. 6yraplllTHIJ.Y IIo
Haj3Ha'IajHHjH My je pan 5u6.11uo
jy ce H31lHHpenHHM BYKOBCKHM je3HKoM
nCBKY 0 CBHnojcJmliy<<. Kao BYKOB
ipatj:Juja xp6ailicKe U cpilcKe HapooHe
H Mana HM ce 'ICCTO OnpHqe HaY'IHa
IIpHjaTen" OHO jc 'llIaH rrpBor, noc
iljecMe (lliKonCKH BjecHHK, 1906; H
MeTonOllorHja. CHCTeMaTHqHOCT H
MpTHor o/loopa :m H3naBalhe Kapal)H
KPHTH'IHOCT. oCTajy He3aOOHJIa3Ha 3a
3aceoHo, CapajeBo 1916), HaKO je
hCI3HX /lclIa y DellY.
p.n.
pabeH HejenHaKHM !.'pHTepHjYMoM H
CB8KO eTHonOlIlKO, HCToPHjCKO H CPOJI
HHje nOBpll1eH.
.
KnopHO npOY'18Balhe. !beroB KlhIDKeB
MUJIAAHHOB, AHMHTPHje (1810
r.n.
HH orryc H<lCTaO je yrnaBHoM non YTH
1862), MaKenOHCKH HapOIl:HH npocBe
1~8jCM HapOI~HC KlhIDKeBHOCTH.
THTCJb. IIPOCBCTHM H HaytIHH pa}:IHHK,
H. M,-"};,
MUJIETIfIi, ABpaM (Kpaj XVIII H
3H'IeTHHK MClKC)IOHCKe eTHorpacpHje.
rroq. XIX B.), nen CBeT03apa MHneTH
Kao Y'!H'J'CJb Jallarao ce 3a YBobelhe
MUJIUUA UAPUUA, no HCTOpHjH
ha, ponOM In M0ll10pHHa y Ea'IKoj;
HapO/lHor. MaKC)(OHCKOr je3HKa y IIlKO
KHerHlh<l. )KeHa JIa3apa XpeOCJba
Kao Mnan TprOBa'IKH nOMohHHK oe
JlC H cnOBcHcKor y oorOclIy)Kelbe.
ne)KHO je OKO 1780. ro;rume rpal)aHcKY
HOBHha, KhH KHe3a BpaTKa, npaYHYKa
EopHo cc npoTHB cpaHapHoTa. OcybeH
BYKaHa, CHHa HeMalbHHa. IIocne
nOC3Hjy 3a rreBalbe, rpabaHcKY JIHPHKy,
Kao aHTH'I'ypCKH 60paQ, yMpO y,TaMHH
!<OCOBCKC OHTKe yrrpaBJba np)KaBOM no
y CBOjy pyxonHcHY 30HpKY, anH 'H OKO
lUI y QapHrpa/lY
.
.,
120 nHpcKHX HapOnHHX neCaMa H HeK9
CHHOBJbeBOr nYHOJIeTCTBa; Y MOHa
I1oKYlIlilo na caCTaBH' rpaMaTHKY
UITBY ifa3saHa EBreHHja. no HapOIl:HHM
miKo enCKHX 0 MYCHliy CTeBaHY, 0
CTpYll1KOr roBopa. paBHo ce nyonH~
lieCMaM8 KliH Jyr-EornaHa, cecTpa
, BojBonH MOM'IHlJy, 0 KHe3Y JIa3apy H
I\HCTHKOM. npe130belhCM H HayqHHM
/lCBCT Jy'rOBHha, Hcnpaha BOjCKY Ha
Qapy MypaTY, 0 MlIanOM IIponaHOBH
PH/IOM. CaKynJbaO HapO}:IHe YMOTBO
,.by, Kao H HeKe oanane, Hnp' 0 CMpTH . KOCOBO; y oyrapUlTHQKoj neCMH (Eo
pHHe. C'!'HOrpacpCKY, KlhH)KeBHO-HC
rHIUHh, 2) oOHna3H pa30ojHll1Te nocne
OMepa H MepHMe HAp. OBa cy
TOPHjCKY H HYMI13MaTHqKY rpaby.. C
oeJIe)KeIba nparo1\eHa 3a IQf,IDKeBHD
60ja; 38 lhy CC Y errH~ Be3yje npH
6paTOM KOHcniHTHHOM npHpenHO
nOBC/lH8 HHTcpHaQffOHallHa TeMa 9
-HCTopHjCKa H3yqaBaH.a Hall1e HaponHe
360PHltK H.apoiJHlu: MaKeooHCKUX tie KlbH)KeBHOCTH npe' nojaBe BYKa
3Majy, HaCHlIHOM JI>yoaBHHKY.
caMa, o6jaBJhCa 1861. y3. II.IrpocMaje
B. Uap Jla3ap II l(apcujCl MlUlu!!a.
KapaJ,IHlia.
pony lio~1Oh, y 3arpcoy.
p,n.
p.n.
B. 360PHIIK MU.IIaoUH06alfa.

menta serbica .ljJectantia historiam

Serbia. Hoslloe. Rogusi; (1858). Jiby

H,M,-li.

MUJIAAUHOB, KOHcTaHTHH (1830

1862), MaKenOHCKH neCHHK, rrpeBOnH
na1\ H penaKTop 36oPHU1<:C! HapOOHltX .
JKa1<:eOOHCK1~ iiecG.h!a, 1861. 3aBpll1HO

.[P'IKY !PHlJ93.6CPHjy Ha ATHHCXOM YHH

l3ep3HTeTY, crY/lHpa9 CJI6BeHcK~Kli?H
)KeBHOCT Ha MOCKOBCKOM. YMpO Y

3HTBOPY Y QapHrpm~y, 3ajCIl:Ho' C opa

TOM Kora je O'l'l1l11aO ;ua cnace. '

B. 360PHI/1<: MU..IIUOliHOeal(a.

~UJIU1i.EBH1i., MHJlaH D. (1831

MUJIOJEBUJi, MHJlQW C. (1840
1908), eTHorpa, OJIKJIOpHCT, KIbH
1907), KlhIDKeBHffK H nOJIHTH'!KH pan
)KeBHHK, nHca1\ nena H3 neAarorHje,
.HHK; opraHH3HTop cpncKor CoKona no
npeBowmaQ C pycKor H paH1\ycKor
Heocnooo~eHHM KpajeBHMa, nponara. je3H}<a, HaYQHH!< caMoYK. ;3aBpumo
TOp Hal~HOHaJ1HHX. Hneja. Kao ,nOBe-.
oorocnoBHjy, OH!) Y'lHTeJb y CPOHjH,
peHHK . cpnCKe BlIane. IIO;UCTaKHYT
OHOJIHOTe~~p '~pO}:IHe OHonHOTe}<e, . '. BYKOBHM paAOM, c~olfpaq.je oc06H'r0
np)Ka~lnl C~BeTHHK; qnaH. CpnCKor
. lIO . ~OCOBY; MCTOXHjH H ~Tapoj .
yqelior npYlllTBa, ',!JIaH, ceKpeTap H.
Cp6~jH, HapO).1HcnCC"1e;npHnOBeTKe H
npenCenHHK CKA, 'IJlaH JA3Y H
oOH'mje. Oojal3Ho je'TPH KlbHre lleCMe
IIerporpall:CKe aKaneMHje HaYKa. Oc11 0611'iUjll YKYUH02 H.apOOa CpilCKOi,
EeorpaA, 1869. 1870, 1875. BeOMa je
TaBffO je H3Y3eTHO 60raTY rpa~y H3

H. M.-1i,

154

155

..

MUJIYTUHOBIfFt, CRMa CapajJlHja

MCTalbY 6Y3i\OBaHOM KOjH Tpeoa Aa

npeJIeTH Ky6e 6jene upKBe onKJIa;n:e
paAH. TIpHxBahcHOM H3a30BY: >,BHAHIll
HalllY UPKSY AHMHTpHjy ... BH HeMaTe
TaKoBHjex UpKSH... npeTXOAH KaTaJIOr
cpnCKHX MaHaCTHpa, Aa OH ce Y H3a
p,n.
CJIaHHKY. KojH je 1I0iliaO y JIaTHHe Aa

KynH xapa'Ie. CriOjHJIH. no 3aKOHH

MUJIOm, B. KHea MIUlOUl.

TOCTHMH enCKC noc3Hje, HaI.\HOHaJIHH

IIOHOC, enCKa CH8rH H AOCTOjHO nopeK

JIO. CHa)KHH Oalla'i oY3AosaHa y BYKO

MUJIOm OJ>UJIHB.. JYHaK enCKHX

BOj 30HPUH je 0YAylm KOCOBCKH xepoj,
HapOAHHX necaMa 0 oojy Ha KOCOBY
MHJIOIll OOHJIHh, lID neCMH 3eT H sa
1389. TIo HapoAHoj TpaAHUHjH, 3eT
3,m KHe3a JIa3apa,
uapa JIa3apa Kora APyrH 3eT BYK
QeJIa neCMa enCKH je KOHl.{HllOBaHa.
BpaHKosM OIrneBeTa Kao H3AajHHKa.
HOBeJIHCTH'IKH MOTHS
HeOOH'IHa
Aa AOKa:lKe BepHOCT, C ABa n06paTHMa
CJIY'IajHOCT H >;XYAa cpena Aa 6Y3
OAJIa3H Kao npe6er nOA lllaTOp Aa
AOBaH npeJIeTCBIlIH UPKSY YCMPTH
y6Hje H pacnopH MypaTa, nOCJIe 'Iera H
BJIaCTeJIH'lHha, TC oaua<.J 360r Tora
caM rHHe. Ao nOJI. XVIII s. BehHHoM
6YAe 3aTBopeH y THMHHUY (KOjH je H
ra H3S0pH Ha3Hsajy Ko6UJI.08Uh,
HoceliH MOTHB y nCCMH Ayror CTHXa y
Ko6UJ1uh, 3aTHM 06ulbe8uh u 06u
PYKOnHCY H3 1690)1 - A06Hja encKY
Jluh. Y 6yraplllTIiuaMa y3 KOOHJIOBHh
xHnepOOJIH3aUHjy Y OnHCHBalbY MHJIo
jaBJba ce HllpazUJlo8uh (BOrHIllM, 2).
lUeIle CHare. BY3AOBaH 3aMaKHe y
Cehalbe Ha CTapHjH OOJIHK MHJIOllleBa
06JIaKe, (\ Ka;n: ce spaTH OH YAapH y
npe3HMeHa HaJIa3H ce H Y AeceTepa'l"
6aHOBe ]tBope ITe. nOJIyna cp'IaJIH
KOM neBalbY (BYK IIt40). Y 6yrap.,
'IaPAaKe/ H Ty YOH nBa 6aHOBa CHHa lH,
IllTHUaMa ce HaBOAH csatia JIa3apesHX
'leTHpH MopCKa ticHepaJIa/ H ABaHaeCT
ldiepKH, Kao nOBOA cYK06a 3eTosa. 0
BCJIHKHX
BJIHCTCJIa! 3aspllIeTaK
MHJIolllY HMa MalbK 6poj enCKHX
neCMe je oneT nOXBa.rra MonH KHe3a
necaMa II C BaHKOCOBCKHM TeMaMa
JIa3apa, Ha mjy HapeA6y H npeTlbY,
(BYK' II/36); Y HeKHMa ce oneBa KEO
JlaTHHH op:lKc6oJhe nyCTHllle MHJIo
noopaTHM KpaJhesHha, MapKa (BYK
ma.
II137. 40). BpojHa np03Ha. npeAalba

MHoro yHOCHO CSOjHX AonyHa y neCMe,

TOOO:lKlbe nOMeHe CTapHX BepOSalba,
OO:lKaHCTaBa H 06H'-1aja. BeJIHKOM He
KpHTIi'mollihy 3anHCHSa'la, OBe KlbHre
ce He y6pajajy y aYTeHTH'IHe 30HpKe
HapoAHHX YMOTBopHHa..

Ii, M,-n.
rOBope ,0 MHJIolllesQj HaTnpHpOAHoj
CHa3H, 0 ~e06H'lHoj, ~6HJI,oj MajUH
I finrHlIlHh. op. 76..
Koja ra je pOAHJIa HAP. Y paHHM
HCTOPHjCKHM II3S0pHMa He HaBOAH ce
MUJIYTHH, KpaJh CpoHje (1282
lberos9 HMe Kao yO.HUe MypaTa Hero

1321). EncKe nCCMC ra MaJIO nOMHlbY,

ce cnOMHlbe Aa' je TO y'lHHHO H~KO

yr.i1asHoM Kao rpaA~TeJha 3a~oHHa
BeOMa 6narOAapaH, Kora 06miraille
(BYK 1I/36).
3aBHAJhHBUH CBOMe rocnoAapy H
p.n,
OCyMlbH~Hl!le Kao HeBepHa (KonCTamHH CPHJI03oq,).
'
p, n.
MUJIYTHH BAH. JYHaK H~ Hapo):!-'
. ,
' '. :'. . ~X necaMa, ,HCTOPHjtKH HeII03HaT.. Y
MUJI6UI Y JIA'QfHHMA, H;a;n:Me-' ... e'tlCKoj necMH paTyje ca <;:PftCKHM
Talbe KYJITypHor 6nara, nenOTe H l~apeM 'npDTHB Eyrapa; lberoIiy :lKeHY
3Ha<.Jaja cpeAlbOBeKOBHHX 3aAY:lKOHHa '
HKOHHjy yrpa6HO je AyKa Xepuero
(s.), CJIenOTOM JIaTHHCKe upKse, y OBoj' 'Bal{.
neCMH (BYK 1I/36) n;n:ejHa je npojeKUMB. J/.YUlaH, l(ap.
ja n03HaTe q,a6yJIe 0 BHTelliKOM HaAp.n.

156

]tBaja OA yo6H'mjeHor nojMa npHKa3a

H,a. Kao CpclllhoBeKoBHe IlpaMe HaCTa
JIe Oil AHjaJIOUlKOr AeJIa JIHTyprHje,
Koja ce H3BOAH Ha TprosHMa H oTBope

(nceYAOHHM 'lIyopo 'lIojKOBHh, 17911847), KlbH:lKeBHHK H HCTOPH'IaP,

pOMaHTH'lapcKH neCHHK JIHPCKHX ne
CaMa, enOBa; nHca~ ,llpaMa H HCTOPHj
CKHX AeJIa; caKynJha'i H H3),'(asa<.J
HapoAHHx neCaMa. BopaooJm OA 1827.
AO 1831. Y QPHoj fopM Kao ceKpeTap
BJIaAHKe TIeTpa I H Y'IHTe)'h MJIa,qor
Iberowa, cKynHo je H H3Aao 3Ha'lajHY
30HpKY HapoAHHx necaMa: lljeaaHllja

HHM n030ptlHU3Ma. npey3HMajyhH

l(pHo'iopcKa U xep"e'io8a"lKa, ca6poHa

l.fy6pOM l.fojKoauneM (JIajIIUHr, 1833.
H npollIHpeHo H3):1albe JIajImHr, 1837).
TIPBO H3Aalbe Ca,qp:lKH OKO 30 necaMa.
a APyro OKO 170. HHje npaBHo M300P
necaMa, Beh je oojaBHo 110 peAY 3anH
CHBalba; ca'IYBaH je JIOKaJIHH je3HK
neBa<.Ja; KOjH ny:r MHJIyTHHOBMh no
HelliTO AOAaje, OC06HTO 3aBpllIeTKe
necaMa. Y3 csaKY necMY HaBeAeHO je
HMe neBa<.Ja (65 MYWKapaua H 2 :lKeHe),
ApyrHX nOAaTaKa HeMa. -BehHHY 36HP
Ke 'IHHe enCKe neCMe 0 xajAY'IKO-YC
KO<.JKHM jYHaUHMa H 0 60p6aMa 3a
OCJI060tielbe; necaMa ca KOCOBCKOM
. TeMaTHKOM HeMa 3UnHCaHHX; 3a6eJIe
)KH9 je MalbH 6poj JIHpcKHX necaMa.
.

"

MUJI'QETIfll, Msan (1853-1921),

CJIaBHCTa H KnaCH'IHH q,HJIOJIOr.
1Ilw'a.MiiaHe KfbtlZe, KaUi:aJlo'i HapOOH.e
TIpoyqaBaO CBOj 3aBH'-Iaj Ha KpKY c,
61l6J1llOlTieKe, 1903). Haj<.Jelllhe cy
je3H tlKe, H<:,TopHjcKe H q,OJIKJlOpHe
YKJIOnJheHH y KOMllQ3HUHjy ::>KHTHja
CTpaHe; H3Y'laBao rJIarOJhCKe cnOMe
HJIH 'IMHC noce6Ha nOrJIaBJba ):IeJIa.
HHKe, tlaKaBCKH IlHjaJIeKT, nOKaJIHY
<1>OJIKJIOpH3yjynH ce npena3e npe CBe
KlbH)KeBHY H KYJITYPHY HCTOPMjy. BMO
ra y e~cKy necMY cyreCTHBHo peaJIH3y

je ypeAHHK 300pHHKa 3a Hapo;n:HH

jyhH tIYI\OTBOPHOCT H BpJIMHY -CBeua y

:lKHBOT H oOH'laje JY)KHHX CJIaBeHa

paTHHtlKy H eTHtlKy cHary CBeua 6pa

(JA3Y), OA 1896, Y KOMe je.06jasMo

HHo~a HapO):lHe scpe; yn. q,aHtaCTH'IaH

paAoBe H3 06JIaCTH eTHorpaq,Hje H

MOTHB 0 cyme!hy M KO'lelbY HenpHjare

HapoAHe. KlbH:lKeBHocm: )/(eH'uo6eHu

JI,CKe pYKe H OTunalbY 3aMaxH}'TC ca

o6u"laju U3 lly6aumwfe Ha KpKy,1896,
6Jhe, KOjH je n03HUT H3 BH3aHTHjCK.HX H
1; KOJleoa y JyJICH.UX CJla8eHa, 191-7., . cprrCKHX )KHTHja;'C KJhy'mHM MOMeH .
KH>. 22; paAoBH d enHl.{H. HAP: .'
TOM Y HapOJ.{Hoj nCCMH CBeTH CaBO H

ca.

'"

,.,

p.n.

MOTHBC 'IYAa H3 oH6JIMje, CBeTa<.JKHX

JIcreHAH H alloKpHq,HHX cnHca,
MHpaKyJIH npHlloBeAajy 0 H3HeHaAHOM
lIojaBJhHllalbY BoropoAHUe H cseTaua
Y TpeHyl\HMa :lKHSOTHOr oe3Hatia.
OoojeHH cy BCPCKflM 3aHOCOM, THXOM
'l;yroM cOIIHjaJIHC H JIH<.JHe Hecpehe
rpewHor HJIH 1I0HH:lKeHOr KOMe YTexy,
HCKYllJhetbe OJ.{ OB03eMaJhCKHX rpexo
sa H HcnocpeAHY nOMoh npy:lKa
Haj'lcmhc AClla MapHja (Boropo
HHqa). 06jaBJhCHH y noce6HHM KlbH
)KHuaMa, Ka3HBaHfI y npOnOBe):lHMa,
HJIH H31mH lbHX. BeOMa ce JIaKO
IIPCHOCC y HapoA H q,OJIKJIOPH3yjy. Y
rJIarOJhCKoj KIhH:lKeBHOCTM noce6HH
300PHHI{H nojasJI,yjy ce nOqeTKOM XV
s. (HsaH'IMhen 36opHMK).
Ha nOAPY'ljy cpncKe cpeAlbOBeKoBHe
KlbH:l'KeSHOCTH. 'IYlIeca n03Ha'tHX CBe
THTeJha (pe~e DoropoAHue), Kao IllTO
cY CB. HHKOJIa. CB. fpHropMje, MOry ce
HahH y .I1oje;n:nHHM 360pllHUHMa Kao

npenHcH H npepalle (Hnp. 360PHHK H3

XIV B. - npenHc HHKOJIHUe, yn .1h.,
CTojaHollHh. Pyiwiiucu u cw'ape'

~.I1,

X~caH":'mima,. By~ III/14: .

MHPAKYJIi( (JIaT. mir~~uluJ!l)' HRM

l.JY}lECA. TIoce6Ha BpCTa 'y, Hailloj

T(J') JJ.1I11(JHCP 111.1 Hoze t:IW'l.UO,

tllII( fi(JuilllfY cafiiny i/OH(JOUO,

cpeAlbOBeKoBHoj peJIHrH03Hoj KlbH

Ha rpaHHUH ny'IKe, Ha
pOAcKe JIHTeparype. AOHeKJIe ce H3-

MtlHy Ctlfi.fh(JM /I ,)ecHIIlIOM PYKOM

,)1.1 mjeU! L'Heilim7ie.fh(J C(Jsy

:lKeB~OCTH,

--------------157

-----------------

/lu.IIoaepy YX8aillu ce PYKO,

00 pYKe ce ca6/ba pocilloiiu.IIa

npHpO):lH H HeOCCKHM TemlMa, MOTHBe

6ajKH CBOne Ha OJ~Hoce MHTOJIOUIKHX
cliM6oJla, Te cTsapajy HeKY BPCTY
namu Y3e u H.oze U pyKe...
aC'l'paJIHC MH'l'OJlorHje (Georges Cox,
H.M.-'S.
Angelo de Gubernatis, M. Muller, A.
Kuhn, O. Muller, A. Afanasje'll). YTH
MHPKOBHl't, JIa3ap (1885-1968),
l(ajH MHTOJIOIJIKC 'reopHje Ha HallIY
HCTOpH"lap, npocpecop YHHBep3HTeTa
HaYKY cy ABojaKH: Henocpe):lHH, npHX
y Beorpa):ly, HCTaKHYT H3Y'laBaJIau;
BaTalbeM KOHu;enU;Hje caMe 6pahe
cp"cKe cpe):llbOBeKOBHe KIbIDKeBHOCTH
fPHM H nOCpe](HH, pa3paljliBalbeM
H HKoHorpaq:mje. 3a H3Y"1aBalbe Ha
lIoje):lHHHX ):IeJIa lbHXOBHX CJIe):l6eHl'lXa
pO):lHe KIbIDKeBHOCTH 3Ha'lajHe cY
HJlH nperlOljelbeM ):lena Y AYXY MHTO
lberoBe CTynHje 0 MplbaBtJeBHhllMa y
JIOIliKe reopHje. Y npBY BPCTY YTHQaja
HCTOPHjH H Hapon;Hoj TP8AHQHjH, H 0
MOry ce y6pojaTH ):IeJIa HJIapHOHa
xpHllInaHcKo-u;pKBeHHM eJleMeHTHMa y
PYBapu;a (npw"tOZ K ucaumuaal-bY
HapO):lHOM ellCKOM lleBalbY.
cpilCKe jYHa'iKe iloeauje, Ce):lMHu;a,
p.n.
HOBH Can 1856-1857), KOjH nopeKJIo

cpnCKe enCKe noc3Hje BHQH Y jYHatJKoj,

HH):IOeBponcKoj MHTOJIOUIKOj CKaCKH
MHTOJIOmKA TEOPHJA. TeopHja
o HHQoeBponCKoM nopeKJIY npHllOBe
(W. Grimm, Heldensage); Y ):Ipyry,
):IaKa. 06jallilbaBa CJIH'lHOCTH Koje
neJIO CJIOneHa'IKor HaY'lHHKa fperopa
nOKa3yjy npHnOBeTKe H HajY):IaJ'beHHKpeKa, KOjH Y CBojOj HCTOPHjH KIbH
jHX HapO):la H 06JlaCTH, <laK H):IO HajCHT
>KeBHOC'rH (1887) H neJlY 0 3Ha'lajy CJIOHHjHX noje):lHHOCTH, 3aje):lHH'lKHM
BeHCKe Tpan;Hl(HOHaJIHe K1bH>KeBHOCTH
nOpeKJIOM HapOn;a H3 ~~oeBponcKe
Kao H3HOpy MH'rOJlOmje, pa3paljyjyhH
3aje):lHHu;e. B. fpllM Kojli jecaJ>fpH
Te3e OpeCTa MHJIepa, npaTH pa3Boj
MOM TBopau; OBe TeopHje, npHllOBeTKe
spCTa YCMeHe KIbH>Ke~HOCTH npeKO
pa3BHTKa npB06H'rHHX MHTOJl~IlIKHX
CMaTpa KOMa):lHhHMa .HeKan;aIlIIbHX
MHTQBa, H3Y'laBa IbHXOBO A,aBHO H3
CPOPMH AO eC'l'e'l'HlIKHX KOHu;enU;Hja
ry6J'beHO 3Ha'lelbe, npaTH TPaHCcpop~ .. ' (npeKO JOOMOpcpH30Balba, aHTPono
MalJ,Hje npB06HTHO BHQ~HBOr MHTo . MOpCPH30Balba H xpHCTHjaHH30Balba).
H. Pan;eTHh npaTH cpa3e nO):lMJlaIjH
JIOIliKOr eJIeMeHTa Kao jeAHHCTBeHor
cy6jeKTa CTap~jHX npH'la y y~eTBalba MHTa (BHeHau; 1875).
HH'lKO-eCTeTH"lKO. TIpH3Haje, Meljy
TIoce6HY TeHneHu;Hjy npeACTaBJ'bajy
nOKYllIajH ):Ia ce peKOHCTpYHllIe u;eJIO
TlIM, nOCTOjalbe TaK~ je):lHoCTaBHHx ~
npHpO):lHHX clITyalJ,Hja y 6ajKaMa Koje
CJIOBeHCKO 6ajOCJIOBJ'be npeKO 06H
HHCY MOpaJIe nOTHQaTH H3 HHQOeBpOn
tlaja, npH'la, necaMa (M. BaJ'baseu; y
CKHX f4HTOBa, sen cy ce Morne nojaBH
KIbIDKesHHKY 1865;. H. HOJl;HJlo y
TH .He3aBHCHO, cBenpHCYTHe y CBHM
Pan;y JyroCJIaBCHGKe aK8AeMHje; 1885
HapOnHMa. YKa3yje ce, TaKolje npsH
1890).
nyT, Ha MOryhHOCT npeJlaCKa npHno
H.M.-'ll.
I,3eTKe H3 je):lHor HapO):la y n;pyrn. H
O):loMahelhe nOCeJ'beHe npHnoBeTKe, Ha
MHrOJlOmKE DECME. YCJIOBaH,
HOBOM TepeHY, YKOJlHKO je HalliJIa
nOCTa HCO):lpcljCH H HeyjenHa"leHO
YFloTPeOJ'bapaH TepMHH. 3a' 'JlHpCKe,
norO):lHO TJJe.. Cne~6eHHll:H MHTO
JlOIliKe T~opHje OBe nBe MOryMOCTH
,'enCKe nCCMe 'w6aJIane, Koje cy O"l)'Ba
npeHe6peraBajy H HHcHCTHpajy' np.e JIt! HJlH HaKHaAHO y'HeJle 'JlHKOBe, 'nora-" ,
CBera mi. OCliOBHOj . nOCT!lBlJ,H 6pahe . .ljaje it: cXDaTillba H3 CT,apHx MHTOJIQ-.
. TPHM 0 aHHMH3MY Kao HCXO):lHliITY . '1llK'HX CHCTeMa: '
MHTa, KaO 6WrHOM CXBaTalbY riPllMHBYK Kapal)Hh. y npeAroBopy CaOjO]
THBHor "lOBeKa, H npHrmcyjyhH JbyncKa
IIPBOj KlbH3H nccaMa (1814), non nec
cBojCTBa opraHcKoj H HeopraHcKoj'
MaMa HajCTapHjHx BpeMeHa, HaBOAH

158

):IeBeT necaMa noHajBHllIe n060>KHH

jex H OC06HTO MHTonorH'IKHjex, KOjH
Ma ce He 3Ha CTapHHa; y jelUl2lce on;
IbHX cnoMHlbY QUt;106U ...; jeAHa HMa 0
[(apy .I(yKJIHjaHY..
H.M.-'S.
MHTOJIomKO nPE)lAILE, B. P.eMOHO/lOUlKO upeiJal-be.
.

MHTPOBHll, JaBKo, nOrJlaBHll.a

YCKoKa y PaBHHM KOTapHMa llOll.
XVII B., cep):lap. JYHaK enCKlix HapO):l
HHX necaMa; neCMe ra Ha3HBajy H on
KOTapa JaHKO (BYK III/20) , CTapHje
(EpJIaHreHCKH pYKonHC) )KerapaHHH
JaHKO. OneBajy ce lberOBH 60jeBH ca
y):l6HHCKHM TYPlJ,HMa. CTapHje enCKe
lleCMe neBajy H 0 TpH lberOBa CHHa,
YCKO<TKa paTHHKa, on KOjHX je Hajnony
JIapHHjH CTojaH JaHKOBHh (B.),

p.n.
MH1l0BHll,
)lparyTHB. (poljeH
1928), jyroCJIaBHCT, npeBOnHJlau;. .uOK
TOpHpao Ha TeMH: TIoCTaHaK, pa3soj
H wHpelbe 60caHcKoxepu;erOBa"lKe
MYCJIHMaHCKe, KpajHllIHH'li<:e enHKe y
Hac, 1971. TIopen seher 6poja KOM
napaTHBHCTH"lKHX panOBa H3 OpJIaCTH
ysajaMHHX O):lHOCa jY>KHOCJIOBeHCKHX H
6aJIKaHCKHX (noce6Ho ap6aHawKHx)
ellCKHX llec.aMa, 06jaBHo CHHTeTH"IHO
neno KpajuUlHU'iKa eaUKa, BaJIKaHO
JIOWKH HHCTmyT CAHY, 1980. TIpaTH
H HCTpaJK)'je caBJ(CMeHo YCMeHO Hapo
AHO CTBapaJlallITBO.

TYPCKOM .iaHHtIapCKOM csery KOMe je

npHlla):laO, >KenefiH na THMe AonpHHece
aHTIiTypCKoj 60p6H. OBO ):Ieno, BenHKe
KlbH)KeaHC BpeAHocTH, Ca"lysaHo je y
BHllIe npenHca Ha nOJ'bCKOM H "leIliKOM
je3HKY. 3 Ha<I8jHo je noce5Ho no MHOllI
TBy HapO):lHHX npe):lalba Koja ce OnHoce
Ha CP"CKY HCToPHjy, Koja je Ha nHcua
OCTaBHJIa Ay60K Tpar Kao H HapO):lHa
Tpan;H~ja, KOjy je Ao6po n03HaBao.
Hapo'IHTo cy 3HaqajHH llO):lal.'(H 0
HeMaIbHhHMa, uapy .uYlliaHY, KpaJ'by
BYKawHHY, KOCOBY, KHe3Y na3apy.
BpaHKmmhHMa.
p.n.

MUUKJEBHq, AnaM (Adam Mickie

wicz, 1798-1855), BellHKH nOJbCKH

pOMaHTHtlapcKH neCHHK, KJIaCH"lHH
cpHJIOJlOr, npocpecop CJI0BeHCKe K1bH
>KeBHOCTH Ha Kone:>K-ne-<I>paHcy, me
npe):laje on 1840-1841. xypc 0 cpn
CKOj HapoAHoj ne03HjH, KOjH npe):l
CTaBJ'ba lberoBY cBojeBpcHY, HaAaxHYTY
noeTcKy BH3Hjy Hallie enHKe,. npeBa
CXO):lHO Kpm aHTOJIOrHjcKH H360p
necaMa Koje aHaJIH3yje. (KOCOBCKe,
neCMY 0 >KeHH):I6H MaKcHMa [(pHoje
BHha, )KeHH):I6y ByxallIHHOsy H HeKO
JIHKO 6alla):la ... ), H Koje O"lHrJIenHO
6Hpa llO conCTBeHoj CKJIOHOCTH aKTHB
Hor 60pl(a 3a CJI060ny TIOJ'bCKe, eMH
rpaHTa KOjH >KHBH Y PyCHjH, illsaj
u;apcKoj, <I>paHuYCKoj, TYPCKOj H "lHje
pOMaHTH<lapCKO CTBapalbe npOHCTH"Ie
H3 ~apOAHe H HCTopHjcKe TPa):lHQHje.
H.M.-h.

HM.-h.

MHXAHJIOBHl't, ~OBCTaBTBH 83
OCTpOBHne (OKO 1435-?), nHcau;
xp.oHHKe 0 TypIUWa: SHO je BOjHHK
):ICCIIOTa llyplja Bpa~OBH~a a nOCJIe
lla):la lIoBor Bpna, 3ap06J'bCH H O):lBe
):IeH y jaHH"lape; 3ap06J'beH 0):1 yrapcKe
.. BOjcKe y BOCHH, llpHJla3H xpHllIhaH
. CKOM CBeTY .aHTHTypCKHX paTHHKa,
.:>KHBH HeKO BpeMe y YrapcKoj a'llOTOM
HajBepoBaTHHje llOCJIe 1468. y TIOJ'b
CKoj. HallHcao je ):IeJlo' 0 TYPCKOM
llHTalby, ycno~eHe Ha 60pasaK y

MHmAP, B, Eoj Ha MUUlapy.

'MLADA BREDA (Nesrecna nevesta).

OnUlTH HaSHB 3a HeKonHKO BapHjaHa
Ta 6anane 0 Hecp.eliHoj HeBeCTH -.
EpeiJa, Al-bU'iKa (illTpeKeJ'b, Pripove
dl1e pesmf,
102-108),. Kojar 3mi
. CBeKpBa ,jOllI . Y cBa):l6eHO) nOBopU;H
nO):IMelie HO:ll,", HJIH je TPyje KaO H CBe
lbeHe npe'l'XO):lHHu;e. CTPenlba on
Hen03HaTor, HeBOJ'beHOr MJIa):lO:>Kelbe,
.Haj'lellIhe Typ'IHHa, C'rpa):lalhe H CMpT

.6p,

159

,r

HeBeCTe, KOlITpaCT CY MHpHOM. cpeh

HOM >KHBOTY Y PO].lHTeJbCKOM ].tOMY.
H. M.-n.

MJIAllEBOBIfFJ,

JK1mOMHP (pol)eH

1913), KIbIDKeBHH HCTopH'lap. 3aHH

Mao ce 3a paHe panOBe JOBana CKep
nHha (].lOKTopcga Te3a, 1939); KacHHje
ce BHIIle oopaha H3yq:aBaIbY Hapo].tHe
KlbIDKeBHOCTH H pa].tY BYKa KapaI,mha

(BylC Kapatluli u MaUlUl{a cpiiclCa.

1965). TIPHpe].lHO 3a IUTaMny (ca B.

He].lHheM) CpiiclCe HapooHe iijecMe. H3
HeoojaBJbeHHX B)\KOBHX PYKonHca
(KIb, I-V. CARY, 1973-1974).
r.n.

BOBY o~ AHToHe, H3 Kpyra <ppaH

00 rpliMa u BYKa 00 JIecICuHa,
U;ycKo-IITaJlHjaHcKHx BHTeIllKHX pOMa
1815-1915, 1950; flOBOOOM cUloio

cse no 1I0JJ013HHC OBora BeKa, H3BO

t)cHa Kao nY'IKa, UHOHHMHa npe):1CTaBa
Ha OCTpHY nary, HJlH je Y Bpno
Ca:lKeTOM OOJlHKY neBaHa Kao pOMaHca
1I0 npl1Mopjy, eBe AO Hcrpe. I1peMa
HCKHM npCTnOCT<lBKaMa, HeKa CTapHja
HupoAHa lIeCMa C TOM TeMOM Morna je
U()CJlY>KltTH TIYHlihy Kao nOACTHuaj H
H31l0P 3<1 Po6//T-by.

Ha. TIo Hapo):(Hoj Tpaj:\HUHjH, JeBpQ

CHMa, MajKa MapKOBa, lberOBa je cec
Tpa, xpa6pa, OAaHa H nO>KpTBOBaHa,
Kojy he npe):1 CMpT npenopy'lHTH
/J.p. CaoHpao jc H oojaBHo neCMe H3
KpaJby ByKaIllHHy. HeBepHY :lKeHY
HOB-a: Ha iiapiliu3aHcICe HapooHe
BHAoCaBY CTIDKe YCTaJbCHa Ka3Ha 3a
iioe3uje y CaH(UlKY, 1950; 0 clCyii.tbaT-bY
HesepHHue. MOM'IHJIO no neCMH HMa
1I iipOY'ta6aT-bY Haute HajHOBllje napoo
KOlba JaoY'lllJIa. HaTnpHpO):1HHX cBOj
He iioe3uje, 1952, H ):1p.
CTaBa. Y3 neCMY BYK je 3aOene>KH0 H
P. n.
npe):lalbe 0 KpllJIaTOM KOIbY KOjH Hohy
H3na3H H3 je3epa: Y YBoAHOM AeJlY
MOMAliKE nECME. TepMHHI no
neCMe je HanaXHYT onHC npBpO):(HHX
HeKa):1 ynoTpeOJbanaH 3a ):1eo JbyoaB
JIenOTa nmUIItHe .u;YPMHTOpa H nHTO
HHX necaMa y KojHMa npeOBJIat)yje
MHHe CKa):lapCKor je3epa. 3anHcaHa je
JbyoaB... MOMa'IKU.
0):1 neBa'la CTojaHa Xaj):(YKa.
H.M.-l>.

Dtlutlbttr((J HeMa'tKO'i iipeBooa BYKoBux

CpiiCKlIX HapooHUX Upuuo6ujeoaKa

1854-1954.1955; BylC U HeMl{U, 1964. H

p.n.

p.n.

MJIE'IIJlI IIYT, B. KYMoBa CJlaMa.

I H. AIl}IPHh. X{eIlL'k'e IljeeMe. MX. VII, ]929.

'"

I
II.
i!

.1:

I[

MOnEJI. CTpaHH TepMHH KOjH yCBaja

MOMMP HAXOn. B. Haxoo MOMUp.

HaIlla HO?>Hja, nopaTHa !f>omrnopHCTH

Ka. Tpeoa ].la ooyxsam CBe BpCTe H

MOPA. MHTCKO oHhe. n03HaTo He

oonHKe cTBapanaqKHX oopa3aua Ha
caMO CnoneHHMa neh H ):1PyrHM HH):1o
OCHOBY KojHX ce CTBapa H npeHocH
enpOnCKHM HapOAHMa (yn. rp'l. Mapa,
YCMeHa YMeTHoCT pe-.:m:, nO"leB O].l MOP
!f>paau. cauchemar). CJlHqHO BeIllTHUH.
!f>eMcKHX, npeKO neKCH"IKHX, MeTp~
npHTHCKU Jby].te IIpH CllaBalby . .u;OCTa
KQ-CHliTaKCHqKHX, ].to KOMn03HUHoHO
pacnp.ocl'PalbcIclU nepoBalba 0 Iboj qe
cCTpYKTYPHHX. CBaKoj HMnpoBH3aUH
CTO '!HHC OCHollHI~y pa3BHjeHHX AeMO
jH, HCneBaHoj neCMH, Ka3aHoj npH"lH,
HOJIOIllKHX npeAalba (B.).
Kao oCTBapeHoM Mo].teny npeTXO].lH no
H.M.-'Il.
CTojefiH Y Tpa].tHUHjH, ~aTeHTHH, He- .
BepoanHH MO].leJI, \IoMohy Kora ce H ca
MOM"lfHJIO BOJBOnA (XIV B.),
Ma Tpa.IlHUHja o].tp>KaBa. HaCTaBJbajyfiH
BHTe3, 'paTHHK C IIO):1pyqja PO].lona;
ce Ha nojaM OCHOBHe BapHjaHTe,
lIornayo y CYKOOY C BH3aHTHjcKOM H
eKOTHlla, BapHjaHTe ono3HUHje, OBa
TypCKOM BOjCKOM 1345, nO):1 3H~HHaMa
H].leja je 3HaqajHa, K9JIHKO 3a YTBpI)-HBa
coor YTBpljeHor. TpaAa TIepHTeopHoHa.
Ibe YCMeHor HaqHHa YMeTBH"IKOr MH
lberoBY CMpT oeJle>Ke HaIllH CYBpe
III Jbelba, 3a HenpeCTaHO npO>KHMalbe
MeHH JIeTOnHcH.. OMHJbeH Y HapO):1HOM
KOJIeKnrBHOr Ii: HH].llmH,1:\yanHor, TpanpHnoBel~ulby H neBalbY, Be3yje ce 3a
. ].tliUHjcKor H opm.manHor - Tomnw H
'rpaAoBe nHpJlHTOP Ha nypMHTOPY.
3a KOMnapaTHBHO HCTpa>KHBalbe Y
nepHTBup, nHpOT. JYHaK je H3Y3eTHHX
ueJI~HH ..
TeJIeCHHX H MOpaJlHHx ocooHHa; yjaK
H.M.-'Il.
M'apKa' KpaJLCBHha KOjH 0):1 Ib.era
Hacnet)yjc HajJlcmua cBojCTBa (-)I(eHH
~(jJ~niEBH1i', Mj~aB' . (pQljeH . A6a'KpaJJ,a BYKaiuHHa, BYK III25). y
..1918).; rep1)iaHHcT. H KOMnapaTHcT. . oooj encKoj neCMH 'caqYBaHO je cehaHi
lipoy'mBao Be3e BYKoBor pana C
Ha lberoHY notH6Hjy. 3a 1b6ra ce Be3y
HeMaq!{OM KYnrypoM: J/.ocuiIi.ej U BYK
je HHTepHaUHoHanaH MOTHB 0 >KeHH
Y OOHOCY Ha liamy U opyle eBpoiicKe
H3AajHQH. TIecMa HMa CIDKejBO-:-TeMaT
IClbu:JICe6Hociiiu. 1947; CpucKa HapooHa
CKHX CPOAHOCTH ca cpe):1IbOBeKOBHHM
ilpuilo6ei11lCa y He.Mll'lKUM ilpe60oUMa.
pOMaHoM nMcaHe KIbIDKeBHOCTH 0

160

MOPABA. PeKa Koja je Y Hapo):1HHM

enCKHM neCMaMa HajqeIllhe CTBapHa
reorpa4>cKa O):1peAoa 3a n03HaTY peKY.
y3 oApel)eHa MeCTa, Hnp. CTanah,
napahHH. H ].tp., Kao Y neCMH 0 CMpTH
BojBoAe npHje3].le (EpnalITeHcKHpy
KonHC, 70.. BYK U/83). Y nHpcKHM Ha
pO):(HHM neCMaMa MopaBa je HajqeIllhe
MYTHa H nOBO):1Ha, 3aHOCH KOlbe H
jyHaKe, MaBH cena H Y3HMa >KHBOTe.

p.n.
MOPEmKA. BHTeWKa Hrpa. npH
MopcKor nO):1pyqja H OCTPBa. Y npo
IllJIHM BeKOBHMa 3HaTHO pacnpOC'l'Pa
lbeHHja, ):10 HawHx ce '):IaHa o):lp:lKana
JOIll Ha .naCToBY H Kop'lYJIH H Y H3BO
t)elbY KynTypHo-YMeTHH'IKHX APYIllTa
Ba. Kao mn Hrpe je n03HaTa OHJIa
IllHpOM CpeA03eMJba. l'l3BoAe je MJIa
):1HhH y'HapO'!HTOM oj:\eJIY, Hca caOJba
Ma.. l'lrpOM je. npeA,?TaBJbeHa 60poa
oenHX H [(PHHX. ):IBa KpaJba, OKO
AeBojKe - p06.Hlbe H lbeHO' ocn06alja
Ibe. l'l3BonH ce 'Y3 Kap.aKTepHCTH'I.Hy
MY3H'lKY npaTIbY H lleBalbe. CIDKe
neCMe '.ce (:)CJl~Ibj! :Ha BIlJIO ca:>KeT ~~
. Po6uT-be, CBCTOBH'::: ApaMe XBapCKor .
neCHHKa XaHH6ana nYUHha (OKO
. 1485,..1553), KOra ce TaKolje THqe
3ap06JbeHe ):1eBojKe H lbeHor oTKyna.
TIo .H3Bot)eIbY Ha XBapy, OBa je ):(paMa
creKJIa BenHKY nonynapHoCT H AYro.

I
161

I
l

,iL

MOPMTln, 6paha, nama B M6po,

ItCTOpHjCKH n03HaTe JIH'lHOCTH, 'JHja je
lIornoHja 1757. Y CapajeBY oneBaHa y
HapoHHoj l)CMCPU'IKOj OaJIanH, Koja je
3allHcaHU Y BcheM 6pojy BapHjaHaTa.
TIccMa jc BeOMa 3Ha'lajHa 3a KIbH
:lKeBHQ--liC1'opHjcKa H TeopHjcKa H3Y
'IaBalba HaIlle YCMeHe oaJIane, jep ce Y
Iboj MO>KC Tpa:lKHTH OAHOC HCTopHjcKe
HCTHHe IIpcMa YMeTHH'IKoM CTBapalbY,
O):1pa>KaB<llbe >KaHpOBCKe 3aKOHHTOCTH
Ha cIDKejHH TOK It OOJlHKOBalbe neCMe,
Kao H rpaljelbe JIMKOBa Y Iboj. TIeCMa 0
IlorH6HjH BepoBaTHo je HaCTaJia Met)y
cUBpeMeHH[(HMa, H3 Kpyra .OJlHCKOr
OBHM jYHaUHMa, KojH .cY ):IOIllJlH Y
CYKOO C IIpBau;m.ta TypcK0-6ocaHc~
cfieYAaJlul~a. Hapo):1Ha Tpa):1HUHja HCTH
'Ie opahy MopHhe. Kao 6op[(e npoTHB
3ynYM3 Ii Ty!jHHCKe BJIaCTH; Hapo):lHa
neCMa Tpurn'IHy cYAOHHY 6pahe Mo
pHha OJll-I'laBa Y OOJlY IbHXOBe MajKe,
Koja y HeKHM papHjaHTaMa H. caMa .O].l
oona npeCBHcHC; !liTO je CBaKaKO ycno
nJbeHO CHaraM TCMaTCKo-cIDKejHe H
KOMn03Hl~HOHC 3aKOHHTOCTH HapOAHe
'oaJlaAe, TC je MUTepHHa peaJIHa CYAOH
Ha JlO):1pcljeBa Iloe3HjH. 0 MopHhHMa
~HBe Y !lapoAY II IIpeAaH:.a: Y neCMaMa
31l0ene>KCHHM A<lJbe OA CapajeBa,
HMeHa jYHaKa CY' H3MelbeHa. M3 Hapo
AHe TpaAIIUHje. opahy MopHhe Moo
AHApHh YHOCH Y ~jy npmioBeTKY
!> TIYT. ~Hje :oeP3erie3a.
.

P.n.
MOCfAP. lIeCTo HMe rpaJia y lIB{>
CKHM 1mpo):(HHM' nccMaMa Koje BeMa
O].lpeljeHY
rcorpa<pcKY JJOKaUHjy;
Haj'Iemhc ce yuoTpe6JbaBa Y YlI03H
HeoApe~eHor, OOr!lTOr rpa):1a,''lYBeHor

no nenHM ):IeaojKaMa, KaAYHaMa H MOM

QHMa, Bohy, AyhaHHMa. J aBJha ce H y3
):IPyre rpa;!lOBe, Hfip. CapajeBo, CTOj
HH Beorpa):l. I1OMHl:he ce H y 6ana
):laMa, a jyHan;H cy MJIH nonyJIapHM
j;yHaQH H3 jYHa'IKe enHKe, Hnp. 6paha
JaKIlIHhH, HJIH y lIoe3HjH CTBopeHH
nHKOBH: Ber O;!l 3aropja, JOBO Moc
TapJIHja, Ber OA MOCTapa, H ;!lp.

CU nmOBil H MOTHlla I npeMa KojHMa cy

MOTHBH HajcHTHHjH eneMeHTH KojH
HMujy CIIOCOOHOC-r OAp}KaBalba y Tpa11 H1I HjH, anH CC H no AOCTa Heyje
)lHa'ieHOM MepMny I1cne Ha TpH KaTe
ropHje, IHI MOTMBC HocHolle paAlbe
(3JIa Mahexa. 'IYltecHO 6Hhe); Ha
1l03aAHHCKC MOTMlle (npeAMeTe, 06H
'Iuje), M Hel MOTHBe je)];HO'lJIaHHX 36H
p.n.
BUlba.
L{pyrH Ha'IHH 1l0CMUTpalba MOTHBa Kao
MOTHB. BeOMa HeyjeAHatIeHe ;!le<pH
CTpyKType Koja npeACTaBJha H
HHQHje OBor nojMa 3aBHce O;!l enoxe H
norntlKY UClIIiHY. nOTH'le O;!l MOAH
TeopHjcKor MeTOAa nOMohy Kora ce
cpHKOBaHHX 3UKJhY'JaKa BeCeJIOBCKOr
):Ieny npHCTYna. TOKOM npyre nOJI. XIX
(lloeiiiur.:lI clO.'llCeiiioa) H BenHjea (Les
H lIpBHX nen;eHHja XX B., Y Halloj
fabliaux). MOTHB je 3a BeCeJIOBCKOr
HaYQH 0 YCMeHoj KI:hH}!{eBHOCTH npHCY
HajjcAHoCTal3HMja jCAHHHua npHnOBe
TaH je nojaM MOTHBa Ae<pHHHcaH y
JI<llba a OCHOBHO My je 06eJIe}Kje lbero
HCTOPHjCKOj nOeTHQH Kao TeMaTCKO
nH npe/lcTHBH!! jCI1HOtlJ1aHa CXeMaTHtl
je)];HHCTBO Koje ce y pa3HHM YCMeHHM
HOCT; TUKHH cy HCpa3nO}KHBH eJIeMeH
AenHMa pa3HHX BpeMeHa H pa3nH'lHTHX
TH HH}KC MHTonorHje H HapoAHe
HapO):la OAp}KaBa y jeAHoM uenOBHTOM
6ajKe. 311 EeltHjea 6HTHO je YO'laBalbe
06JIHKY YMHOrOM ce nOKJIanajyhH C
OAHoca H3Me!jy npOMeHJhHBHX H
nojMoM onIlITHX MeCTa, MOTHBH ce
HenpOMCHJhHBHX eneMeHaTa Y norn'l
HMeHyjy
nOMohy
acollHjaTHBHHX
KOj ueJIHHH. MoryhHoCT paIlI'lJIalbH
O):lpe):lHHua - CHHTarMH H O):lHoce ce H
Balba MOTHBa Ka'Q HajjeAHoCTaBHHjHx
Ha Y}Ke H Ha wHpe ueJIUHe: M~HB
jeAHHHUu npHnoBeAulba, np8}KlbelbeM
tIYAeCHor po!jel:ha, neKOBHTe TpaBe,
lbHxoBe CailP}KHHe, Tj.. cBo!jclbeM
peKe Koja YTana, o6pHjaHe 6pa;!le, BHJIe
ca;!lp}KHHC Ha yonwTeHY JIOrn'lKY
Jhy60Bn;e,
npOrOl:heHe
;!leBojKe,
IlcnHHY, y KOjOj HenpOMCHJhHBY H
JIeHope, 3a6paHe JIOBa y He;!leJhy.
CTanHO lIoHal3n,aHY BeJIHtIHHY ppeA- .
rOBOpH ce H 0 o.KimpHHM MOTHBHMa
CTaBJha caMO PHAlbU, nocrynaK HOCHO
- Hnp. MOTHBY }KeHHA6e C! npenpeKaMa
Ila paAI:h!! - ;!lOnOI~H 1\0 CTBapal:ha nojMa
KOjH nOApa3)'MeBa peAocneA nojaBJhH
YHKlluje (mIKona), KOjHM Il.pon
Balba MaIbHX MOTHBCKHX n;eJIHHa: ra!ja
~aMel:hyjc M01'HnC BecenOBCKor .H.
I:he Kp03 npCTeH ja6j'Ke, npecKa
Ee~Hje(lnC eJICMcHTe. OCTaBlhajytm,
Kal:he npenpeKa, nora~al:he KP je
HaHMe. Henony'l:heHY CTPYKTYl?Y,.
HeBeCTa. OnWTa KOHn;el1llHja nOTH'le
. Ilpon 3aIl8}Ka Aa ce 'OHa .MO}Ke tlony
H3 npBHX KOMna'paTHBHHX pa3MaTpal:ha
l:haBaTH yaeK IIpOMeHJhHBHM pa3JIH:
MOTHBa, Y0tIaBaIba I:hHXOBHX HeBepo
tlHTHM cy6jeKTHMa (I:hHXOBHM aTpH6y
BaTHHX cnH'lHOc:rH Ha pa3HHM KpajeBH
l'HMa) H 06jeKTm;m, nOK 'paAl:ha ocraje
Ma CBeTa, H3 TeopHja 0 HaCTaHKY npH
. HCTa; Hnp. opao (x) npeH0CH j;yHaKa
n6~eAaKa (B. MuiIio/lOUl.Ka meopuja;
(y); . KOH, (x) npeHOCH HBaHa (y) y
. Muzpat4uOHa iIieopuja; Teopuja 0 uo
APyro IlapCTBO, HTA. YKJhyqyjyhH ce
. /lUZeH~au;: HciIiopujcKo-Ze{)Zptiq,CKa
TaKO y. rpaMaTHKY HapallHje, nojaM
.,MeiIiooa).
MOTHB~ npaRTH'IHO. y ;!la./hHM HCTpa- .
AaJh~ npOYtIaBalbHMa, MOTHBY. ce '. )J(HBalbHMa Hec:raje. 'Aa 6H ce nojaBHO
npHJIB.3H HJI~ C l:ht:rOBe. c:a;!lp}KHHCKe' . . KaQ CHH'l'e1'H30BaH~ <pOPMYn8q1ija Koj a
l1HpH TeMaTCKH H CTpj'KTYpMHH. npH
CTpaHe HJIH pa3MaTpa~eM l:herOBe
CTpj'KTYpe. HajnJIO;!lHHjH npaKTHtIHH
nU3. MOTHB je cxeMa HeKe KOHKpeTHe
CliTyaQHje, HMa nOKpeTatIKe CHarc,
pe3YJITaT npBor Ha'lHHa je CTBapal:he
HaQHOHMHHX H Me~YHapO;!lHHX UH;!leKynpaBJha 36HBaa;eM (yn. Kaj3ep, Jeau

162

'lKO Y,MeiiiHU'lKO
Iloce6aH BH;ll
npoY'IaBalba MOTHBa Kao CM}KejHHx
jeAHHHua npenCTaBJha HCTpa}KHBal:hC
lbHXOBHX acpHHHTeTa npeMa BpCTH
(nHpcKH, enCKH, MOTHBH THnH'IHH' 3a
6ajKY, 3a npeAal:he HT)];.).
H.M.-D.

The Types ofthe

Folktale; (A. Aarnc; Verzeichllis del' Miir
che/ltypell Translated a/ld Elllarged by S.
Thompson). FFC 184. 2 1961. Moti/lndex of
Folk-Literature, I-IV. Copenhagen-Bloo

I Antti Aarne-Stith Thompson,

mington, 1955-1958.

MPKOlblfli

nETAP. EncKH jYHaK

YCKOtIKHX H xaj):lytIKH.X necaMa (Bj'K
nm4, 42), HCTOpHjCKH H~H;lleHTH<pH
KOBaH. A. Ka'IHh ra y6paja y AMMa
THHCKe jYHaKe OA HMOTcKora, KOjH ce
Ha MJIeTatIKoj CTpaHH 60pH npoTHB
TypaKa, y ,ttpyroj nOJI. XVII B. MycnH
MaHCKe neCMe ra oneBajy Kao paTHHKa
KOjH HM nOMa:lKe y 60p6H npOTHB
. xpHlIlhaHa.

p.n.

ilia. KorH My l~ap .uYlIlaH Ha caMp'rH

Hoacpana, Kao H ynpaBJhal:he n;ap
Cl'BOM. MHTCPHal\HOHanHH MOTHB 0
oHJly'mnaH,y KOMC KpyHa Tpeoa Aa
"pHllallUc HaJIa3H ce y BHIlIe enCKHX
IIcCflMa, aJIH je lI00TCKH HajycnenHjH H
Hajn03H<I'rHjH y ueCMH YpOill H
Mpl:haBtlClmhH (BYK II). Bj'KaJlIHH je
110 Tpal\HUHjH, YOHO uapa YpOilia Ha
IIpenapy, nOBchH Kpaj HeKor je3epa,
anH ra jc CTHrn3 3acny.::KeHa Ka3Ha:
cnyra ra H3HeHaA8 Hana,ttHe C JIe~a, AOK
je HamYT ca H3Bopa nHO BOAY, H Y3Me
My 3naTHY KonajHY HJlH KpCT KOjH je OH
OA YpOIIIU OTeo; oATa):la BOAa y H3BOPY
nOCTHHC ropKa (KOA MeCTa XapMaHJIH,
Ha PCI\M MapHI\H; npe):lalbe je 3aIlH
caHO y npuoj lIon. XVI B. Y ByrapcKoj).
Y HeKHM ce nCCMaMa (MapKo lI03Ha
je O'IHHY caon,y, Bj'K II) CatIYBaJIO
HCTOPHjCKO cclialbe Ha nom6Hjy
BYKallIMHa y 60jy Ha MapHllH. Bj'Ka
IIIHHOB CHH, MapKo KpaJheBHh (B.)
HaCJICAHO jc Ol\a H nOCTao TypCKH
lIa3M, 140K cy 6pulia MapKOBa AH;llpeja
H AHMHTpl1je CTymiJIH y cny}K6y yrap
CKor KpUJba. lbHXOBOM CMphy nopollH
l~a ce yrucHna 1403. M. Op6HH nOMHl:he
H tleTBp1'or Bj'KaIlIHHOBOr ~a HBa
HHilla. Y neCMaMa 0 ~OCbBCKOM 6ojy,
Me~y PUTHHUHMa npoTHB TypaKa,
lIOHer,tte ce lIOMHlbY.H MplbaB'leBlrliH.
Mplb!lBtleBHliHMa cy Hajnenille
neCMe <;:a HHTepHal~HOHMHHM MOTHBH
~a, Hnp. 0 }KeHH-H3,ttajHllH ()J(eHH;ll6a
. KpaJha BYKaIllHHa, BYK II), 0
y3H~HBal:hy JhYAcKe }KpTBe (3H;llalbe
. CKa):lpa: BYK II). .
P. n.

MPlbABQEBIf1.'t.H, cpnCKa cpeAlbO

BeKOBHa BnacTeJIa. Ow olla Mpl:haBe,
BnaCTenHHa y nOAPyqjy' HepeTBe, aJIH
. H ):IpyiHx KpajeB8', no TpaAHUHjH
nOTH'lY CHHOBH BYKaIlIHH, YrJheilia H
rojKo (oBaj nocne)];I:hH HCTOPHjH Heno3HaT). 0 Mpl:haBtIeBiihHMa }KHBH Beo
Ma 60raTa YCMeHa TPMHllHja; C MMO
ocnal:hal:ha Ha HCTOpHjCKe ;!lora!jaje.
HajMJIa~H [OjKo, HCTOpHjH Heno3H~T,
jaBJha ce y. KI:hH3H M. Op6UHa Kpa
lbeBciIi60 C/106eHa 1601. YencKHM: neCMaMa C TeMOM OTHMal:ha 0 llapCTBo,
OH HMa yJIory rpaM3H,BOr BeJIHKama,
MY~KO, MaTHJa (1861-1951), KHiHKao H l:heroBa 6paha. Y neCMH 3H,tta}KeBHH HCTopH'lap H eTHorpa<p, POAOM
I:he CKaApa l:herOB je JIHK tIOjCTBeH,
CnOBeHalt, npocpecop c.iIaBHCTHKe y
Ilpary. 3Ha'lajHH, cy MY pa;!lOBH H3
.MOPMHQ tIHCT H C ~y60KHM eMOQHja. Ma.
.'
.'
,
. 06JIIlCTH Hallie HapOAHe' enHKe.
TpaAHlUIja. je 3anaMTHJIa Bj'KaJiIHJ:Ia.
3U'leTHHK je T3l1: TepeHCKor H3y'la
Bal:ha HIlPOAHC' noe3lije Ii 6eJie!IK~~a
(}KynaH ~apa ArmaHa; KpaJh. cp.nC1CH
136~1371), Kao CaMOBOJ1;.HOr BeJIHKa. lIoMohy Te~HHtIKHX. CpeA.C'J;'aBa, BlIp.'
wa KOjH ce OnMeTH}'O OA tiapa Ypowa, '. <pOHorpa<lia H rpaMo<POHCKHX MOtIa:
KOJe je O'l'OO'ICO 1912. lIO BOCHH H Ha
OTeo MY n;apCTBo H KpyH}' H YCMPTHO
ra. Ilo Hapo,ttHHM neCMaMa, Bj'KamHH
cTaBHo C lIpeKHI~HMa CBe AO 1936.
je yjaK, KyM, CTapaTeJh HejaKor Ypo. HCTpa}KHBao je nOAPytIje BocHe,

,,
,

163

.'

. 1

T
JJ;aJIMa.QHjc, OCTPS3, ]leJIOBC Xep~e
rOSHHe, U;pHe fope, EOKe H CjeHHl'(e.
PC3YJITaTC CBor ~eJIOKynHor pa]la
o6jaBHo je Y neny: Tpa20.M cpiiclCo-xp.
aaii:icKe HapOeJHe eiiUKe I-II (3arpc6,

1952).
p,n,

MYCA KECEUHJA. EnCKH jYHaK C

KOjHM KpaJbeSHh MapKo ncmi MernaH
(BYK II167; MaT. XpB, 11/43). ITo Ha
ponHHM nCCMaMa O]lMCTHHK cYJITaHOB,
Kora Ha3Hsajy II Myca Ap6aHaca,
113Y3CTHC CHarc H HaTTIpHpO]lHHX CBOjC
TaBa (TPH cpl'(a).
p.n,

Of) p)'Ke .11)' Hllflliilll /Ie paoUllo

PyjllO Hili/(}, IIlI 1/!(.'lIIl1llJ

Pfjo.1I KlJli'v,

f)()K.M),

6(Ma!

je /(O.!leHu!

Heuno cKpaheH BH)'I KHC}KCae KJIeTSe

jaSJba CC H Y jenHoM on O)'lJIOMaKa
KOCOBCKllX nccaMa Koje je BYK o6jasHo
(II. 491II). CH>KejHo oArosapajyhH Aeo
o 3<1KaCllcn'oM jYHaKY Hana3H ce H y
)1,yroj 6yr(\pIllTlll~H (EorHIIIHh, 1) 0
KOCOBCKOM 6ojy: HMe jYHaKa jc EyIIIHh
CTjcnaH (H3MClbCHH cyrnaCHHl'(H no
MCCTY oopa30naH>a M-6), a cnyre
OJIHnCp (pOMllHCKH 06nHK HMeHa
BaHCTHHa). TCM(\ 0 3aKaCHCJIOM KO
COBCKOM jYHaKY 13C3yje ce Y ]lCCeTe
palfKHM' neCMaMU H 3a BacojesHlia
CTCBY

MYCIfli CTEBAH. EncKa HapOnHa

p.n.
neCMa (BYK II146), H3 Kpyra KOCOSCKHX
nccaMa, ca HHTcpHaUHoHanHoM TCMOM
MYCJIIfMAHCKE nECME. no
o 3aKaCHenOM jYHaKY, KOjH CTIDKe TIpH
jC3HKY,
CTHXy H MCTPHUH cpO]lHe cy
Kpajy 60ja H 'IaCHO rHHe. HMe rnaBHor
OCTanHM cpnCKOXplJaTCKHM HapOAHHM
jYHaKa HCTOPlljH je n03HaTO: ceCTpHli
IICCMaM<I. JIl'ipcKe, .oco6HTO Jby6aBHe
KHe3a lla3apa Xpe6eJbaHOSHha, CHH
O:1\nHKyjy ce YMeTHH'IKOM JIenOTOM,
Myce 'IeJIHHKa, C nOCe]lHMa OKO peKe
oyjHOIIIhy occnalba, cCH3yaJJHOmliy,
lla6il Ha KcicOBY, 3an)'}K6HHa MaHac
. KapaKTCpHCTH'lHHM aM6HjcH'tOM pa)'lTHp Rosa ITaBnHl'(a. MyCHh CTeBaH H
!:bC (GaIlITe, IlICltpnaHH, Y.CKH COKal'(H):
cnyra BaHCTHHa 0:1\na3e C BOjCKoM y
EpojHe cy H UIliPOKO 'n03HaTe H BaH
KOCOBCKH 60j npe:1\ 30py H cY.cpeny.
il1ycnHM<lHcKe Cpe)'lHHe HapO'IHTO
KOCOBKY ]lesojKY, Koja 3axBaTajyhH
6anaAC C JbyoaBHHM H nopO)'lH'lIWM
BO:1\e C peKe CHTHHl'(C, mTO Bcn HOCIl
TeMaMa (XacaHarHHHL\a, CMpT
KOlbe H jYHaKC, :1\OHOCH Kn96yK
9SHJIC. 6eJIe. MYCHh no TOM~ . OMepa H M<lPHMC H np.).
.. EnCKe MycnHMaHCKe neCMe onesajy
3a~yqyje :1\a jc 60j nO'leo, ,QapHBa
nOASHre MYCJIHMUHCKHX jYHaKa nO'lcs
:1\CBOjKY ]lYKaTHMa ]la ra nOMeHC aKO ce
on XVI D. Pa3nHKyjy ce yrnasHoM, )'IBa
, H3 60ja He BpaTH, H ca CJ1yr:oM nojamc'
Tima: xepl'(eroSatlKe necMe, Kpahe,
y KOCOBO na Ha lbeMY He 6H oCTauymi
Ca>KCTHjc, cpOnHHjc enCKOM neBalbY
KJIeTBa: TpH jc namc 6HO H y6HO,
xpHlllliaHu H3 HCTC CPC):lIDJc, H Kpa
aRH ruHe K OH' if oojcKe MY IisaHaeer
jMHCKC, Ityre. pa:nmjcHor npH'lalba C
XHJba:lla. Y 'OBOj ce neCMH nBa nyTa
MHOIIITSOM CIIOPCAHHX CnH30na, 60ra
HaBOnH KJII;lTBa KHe3a llaJapa, ynyheHa
THM OJlHCHMa j,YHa'IKor O)'lC,Jla, op}r>Kja,
paTHHl'(HMa Kao n03HS 3a yqcmne y
neBoja~IKa pyxa,. pacKomm
JIel'!oTe
50jy npoTHB TypaKa: Y 06a CJ1Y'Iaja '
'c06a H )1,p.; C 'ICIllliHM ;Me~albeM c~eHe
H!lSo1)~lba, KJIeTSa 143HOCH oeaM CI'HXO- '
30Hsalba. 113nBajajy ce p:o "MCCTY,
Ba, He HCT013eTtIHX,,3nH CMHCJ10M 3)'1eK
J\oraijaja 'II~CMC 0 paTO'BalbHMa J.IH'I
saTlniX: . .
',
..
'KHM H y'HI)YPCKHM (yrapcKHM). ITeBajy
HXBCliHHOM T31J. oeroacKH neSa'lH, (a.)
Ko je CpOUJl U CpiiClCOZU pooa,
npo!J>ecHOHaJl~H, C l'(HJbCM )'Ia IIITO
11 00 cpiicKe KpOU U KO.!leHa,
nY>Ke Onp>KC Ha>KlbY CJ1ymanaL\a. OBe
A He ooulo Y ooj Ha Kocooo
He UMaO 00 cP'J iiopooa,
nCCMe, nopen MernaHa, 'ICCTO onesajy
Hu MYUlKoia, IlU oeooja'lKoia!
H pOMaHTH'lHe TeMC 0 OTMKUaMa ]leBO

164

jaKa H CJ1. OMHJbCHH cy jYHaW!: 'Rep

3cne3 AnHja. Myjo H XanHn XplbH~a,
0:1\ OpaIll.Qa TaJIe, MYCTaj Eer JIHtlKH

lIlaJI,C My nCCMC. OCOOHTO 0 KpaJbc

lll-lliy MUPKY. HnH Aa HX caM H3na, jom
60JbC HO 1111'0 cy KOA Ka'lHha, jep

If JlPym:

CpOII II XpBaTH IIMajy y TOMe OJlaro,

KpajmmCH paTHHUH.

HajCTapHjH nOMeHH 0 MYCJ1HMaHCKHM

enCKHM neCMaMa cy H3 XVI S. (KypH
ne'lHh, 1530; THHonH, 1554). 3Ha'JajHe
36HpKe: KOCTe XepMaHa (Honnann)
1888; 1889; 1933; 1934; llYKe Mapja
HOBHha
MaTHl'(a xpBaTCKa III, IV

1898.
p,n.

MYCTAJ-BEr JIH"IKH. CJIaBHH

MYCJ1HMaHCKH enCKH jYHaK. CTOJIOBao
jc Y YA6HHH H paToBao no'l. XVII s. Y
6pOjHHM cnCKHM neCMaMa ce oneaa y
cYK06HMa ca YCKO'IKHM jYHaUHMa H3
PaBHHX KOTapa. 0 lbCMY nesajy H MYC
JIHMaHCKC H xpHIllliaHCKe enCKe Hapo
nHe neCMe, HajBHIlle 06jaBJbeHC y
36HPW! K. XepMaHa.
I',n,
MymHUKIf, JIYKHjaB (1777-1837),
KJIaCHl'(HCTH'IKH neCHMK aHCOKoX: 06pa
30Balba, apxHMaHnpHT MaHaCTHpa
IllHIlIaToB~a Ii enHCKon enapxilje y
KapJIOBl~. 3aHHMao 'ce 3a HapOnHY
noe3Hjy. HCTOPHjy H je3HK. Kan;jc BYK
Kapa\lHh 1805/1806. 60paBHo y CPCM
CKHM KapnoB~a, TIpHnpeMajyliH cc
)'Ia HaCTaBH IllKOJIOBalbC, MYIllKUKH 0)'1
lbera 'H npyrHx Ae'la!(a 113 Cp6Hje
'Tpa>KH na My no celialbY 6CJ1c}KC Ha
. pOnHe neCMC. Y CBojHM ycnoMeHaMa 0
IllKOJIOBalbY y CpeMCKHM Kapnoa~a
1811/1812, KlbIDKeBHHK JOBaH Xa\lHh
(MHnoIll CBeTHn) nOMHlbe ]la je
MyIIIHl'(KH OA l)aKa Tpa>KHO )'Ia My
6ene}Ke HapO)'IHe necMe.. Y 'npcnHCl'(H
181l. H 1812. J. Komap HacmjH ]la
. npHJ;lonH MYIIIHUKor ;n:a 6eJ,Ic>KH. H

Kao MO)Klta HHjenaH )'IpyrH Hapo;n:.

IloCJ1e lIojaBc npae BYKose 36HpKe
HapoAHMx nccaMa (1814), MYWHl'(KH
My CBCCP}{HO nOMa>KC y cKynJbalbY II
OCnC>KClbY HapOltHHX necaMa H PC'IH 3a
PC'IHHK. Y nponelie 1815. OH npHMa
ByKa Ha JlY>KH 60panaK y MaHaCTHp
llIHIIIaTolHllt H oMoryhyje MY )'Ia TY
:nulHcyjc neCMe 0)1, Haj60JbHX neBa'la
. ITo}\pyrollHha, q,. BHmlbHha),
pacl1HTyjc ce 0 lIesa'IHMa H maJbe
BYKY 3;aOene>KCHe neCMe H nO)'laTKC 0
rycnapHM<I (q,. BHIIIlbHli, CncnHl'(a H3
fprypellal'(a). CapanlbY C BYKOM Hac
T<lBJba H K(lCHlfjC Kao CI1HCKOn Y Kap
nOBI~y, On(lKnC My jc nOCJ1ao H necMY
CMP1' MujKe JyroBHlia.
p.n,

MYWKE nECME. Ha3HB 3a, enCKe

HaponHc nCCMe KOjc je BYK KapaJ,lHli
Ha caMoM 110t lCTKY cBofa pa;n:a Aao y
Mall.oj iipoc:iIioHapoolVoj CII.aaeHo;,
'
cep6cKoj fijecHUpll/(U (1814).
p,n,

MYWKE I1PHnOBHJETKE. Tcp

MHH KOjM BYK K<lpa\lHh (npenroBop
njJlUloHujeiIiKa.'tUl H3 1821). ynoTpe
6Jbaaa 3<1 OHY BPCTY npHDosenaKa y
KojHMa ~CMa try}{Cca, Hero OHO IIITO ce
npHnoBHjC)1,a PCKaO OH 'IoBjeK )'Ia je
3aHCra Morno 6H1'H. OBe npHnOBeTKe
BYK AenH H(l }~yr<l'IKe H KpaTKe, 3ana
. >Kg na cy MH<:re on lbHX CMHjcmHe ,H
maJbHBe.
B. Hoaell.u.
H,M,-'lio,

165

HAPHUAlbE, TY:lKElbE. )KeHa Ko

ja HapH'IC, TY)KH, 6yrapH HJIH 3aneBa
30Be ce HapHKatla. TY)KHJIHUa HJIH no
KajHHua. a neCMa HapHuaJhKa, T~6a
JlHua HJIH 3aneBKa. Y npBOM pej:\Y
HapH'Ie Haj6ml)Ka pobaKa, rnTO je CBa
KaKO H H<l.icTaPHjH BHn TY)Kelba. HajHc
KpeHHje cy H HajJlenrne T~6aJUlIle
30paBUl~a.
MajKe, CCCTpe, hepKe; CTpaHe )KeHe,
H. M.-ll.
TY)KehH Haj:\ nOKojHHKoM, 'IeCTO OIlJIa
Kyjy H yMPJle H;J CBora pona. HapH
HA3EQH1i, CaJIKO (1904-1970),
I~albe nO'lHlbe on 'Iaca CMpTH no ca
KlbH)KCBHH HCTopH'tap, npocpecop
xpaHe H K8cHHje pa3JlH'IHTO Tpaje, no
jyrOCJIOBCHCKC KlbH)KeBHOCTH Ha <PH
jenne HnH BHrne rO):(HHa. HapH'le ce
JI030CPCKOM cpaKYJITeTY Y CapajeBY
caMO ):(albY, 0):1 H3naCKa no 3anaCKa
l-l3y'taBao je cTapHjy H Hap0j:\HY
cYHua . 3aro HCKa TY)K6aJIHu;a H nO'IH
KlbH)KeBHOCT. 3Ha'lajHH cy My panOBH
. lbe: >>Jl:06po jYTPO, 3JIO MH jYTPO.
TaKO ce OIlJIaKyje CBaKH yMPJIH, HO
.0 encKoj iIapoj:\Hoj noc3HjH ca xajj:\Y'I
3H8THO mlwe aKO. je MywKO miue y
KOM TeMa~HKoM, npeMa apxHBcKoj
llYHOj CHIl3H H 0):1 yrnej:\a. AKO je nOKO
rpabH XVII H XVIII B. (H3. Hame Ha
jHHK yMpO BaH Kyhe, HapH'te ce Ha):l
POOHe" eUUl(e I, CapajeBo 1939). Kao H
H,erOBHM O):lCnOM, opY)KjeM, CJIHKOM
cryj:\Hja 0 Y3poUHMa enCKe nonyJIap
HJIlI 6HJlO 'IBM WTO ceo CMaTpa na ra
HOCTH KpaJbCBHlia lO'lapKa (H3pa3,
3"aMelbyjc..
XII,1969).
)KeHe MOry HapHuaTH nojenHHa'tHO,
P.ll.
je):(Ha 3a ):IpyrOM. ):IBe HaH3MeHH'Iim,
HnH BHUle lbHX y CKyny. Kan ce YJlBoje
HAnOJKE, HanojHHne, HanUTHHne.
HapH'Ie, npBa TY)KHJIHUa .o6HJIa3H
Y pOMany flllaHuHe HHHCKor neCHHKa
naraRHM XonOM 0):1ap, j:\pyra je Y CTOny
IIe-rpa 30paHHlia (1508-0Ko 1569), na
npaTH H 3a lbOM nOHaBJba CBaKH CTHX.
CTHpH nesajy Jby6rumy necMY Ha Ha
)KeHa Koja nO'IHlbe Y CKYny ~~TH,
'tHH OJ:\ HanojHHu;e.
HcneBa CTHX KOj~ OCTaJIe pej:\OM npH
B. flO'laUmulle; 30paBUlja ..
. XBaTajy; y HeKHM KpajeBHMa CBaKa
H.l>L-'B.
HapHKa'Ja HweBa HOBH' CTHX. KOjH C
npeTXOj:\HHMa 'IHOO IlenHHY. lhHXOflY
HAPHKA~: T~HJIHua, )KCRa ~oja
Ty)K6aJ1lu~y npaTl~ QTKe, j:\yrHM
OIlJIaKyjc YMpJlOr' PHpaHHM pe'IHMa,'
Y3BHKOM cij. rpyna )KeHa Koja caMO
Haj'Icrnlic y CTUXY; He Mopa 6HTH y
Ty ynory HMa. .
Y TIawTP?l!HhHMa' By~ KapaJ,IHh je
cpOnc'rBY CIl<?KOjHHKOM.
:m6eJIe)KHO H osaj Ha'lHH iY)Kelba 3a
'B. TYJIC6a1!u11a:
yrne):lHHM 'IOBeKOM: ... )KeHe on pO):la
P.O.
. nOKojHIlKoBa YXBaTHBrnH' ce 3a pyKe,
Kao y Kony. Han lbHMe nOKJIalbajyliH ce
HAPHQAJbKA, B. TYJIC6a1!u11a.
HA3.11.PABHQA. Ka3HBaIbe n06pHX

tKeJha,

Haj'Iernlie 3a -rpne30M 0 npa

3HHKY H r036H, Y3 '1arny nOMaliHny H
rOCTHMa no }'TBpbeHOM pellY. Ka3H
BaIbc jc BeliHHOM Y pHMoBaHoj H
PHTMH'IKOj np03H, HMIlpOBH30BaHO Y
OKBHpHMa YCTaJbeHHX pe'IeHHua. Yn,

.'.

.,

167

..

HAPOllHA KIbIDKEBHOCT. Ha31m 3a CBa OCTBapelLa Haille YCMeHe

KlLIDKeBHOCTH, onlllTe npHXBaneH y
P.1l.
. npyroj nOJI. XIX B. Y HaYl\H H y IllKOJ1H;
HaCTaO npeMa BYKOBOM Ha3HBY HapOn
HAPOllHA CPBCKA llJECHAPM
He neCMe, HapOnHe npHnOBeTKe, no
UA. llpyra KlLHru HapO;QHHX IIeCaMa
CJIOBHl\e, 3aroHeTKe; caM BYK HX HHKan
KOjy je BYK Kapm.mh H3Aao y Be'IY
HHje 06jenHHHo Ha3HBOM HaPOnHa
KlLIDKeBHOCT. Y HOBHje BpeMe ocelia
1815. If nOCBeTHO JepHejy KOIIRTapy. Y
ce Kao KlLIDKeBHo-HCTOPHjCKH TepMHH, .
npe;Qronopy H3HOCH 6pOjHOCT. necaMa
y3 KOjD, ce jaBJb<f H YCMena 1<lVWices
Koje je HJui caM CKyIIHO, HJIH ;Q06HO 0):1
IlOcill.
pOnO.n;YOHBor apXHMaHApHTa MyrnHl\
HajCTapi'ljIII, .H3BOPHH BHn YMeTHOCTH
Kor H HCTH'le Aa cy 6eneIIlKe H3
pe'lH Koja HaCTaje H ~H YCMeHHM
yCTHjy HapO):la" Te cy no rOBOpy Ha-
nyTeM. llOHHKna y naBHHHH, HaPOnHa

pOnHOM npaBHJIHHje on necaMa H3 npBe

KlLH~eBHocT He HecTaje IIojaBoM

KlLlIre 1814. llPBH Aeo '1HHe lby6aBHe

IIHcaHe pe'lH, Ben ynopeno c lLOM
H pa3JIH'iHe :>KeHCKe IIjecMe, HelllTO
BeKOBHMa.arnBH y pa3HHM cpenHHaMa H MalLe 0):1 TpehHHe KtbHre; BeliHHY 'lHHe
YCJIOBHMa; nOn onpe~eHHM OKOJ1HOCTH
jYHa'IKe H pa3JIH'IHe MY:>KeCKe nje
Ma, OHa Mo~e nO~HBeTH paCl\BaT H
CMe; Ha Kpajy ce Hana3H HeKOJ1HKO
naTH HajBHIIla YMeTHH'lKa OCTBapelL<l,
IlecaMa HHnHBH):IYaJIHor noc:ralLa, yr
HaKO ce y3 lLy pa3BHja H IIHcaHa' KlLH
JIaBHOM lby6aBHHx, Koje cy ce neBane
~eBHOCT. Kao IIlTO je CJ.JY'laj y Hailloj
no rpan013HMa npeKO CaBe H nYHaBa, a
HCTOPHjH. OCTBapelLa HapO):lHe KlLH
.HeKe je cl!eBao caM JIYKHjaH MYIllH
~eBHOCTH HcnolbaBajy IIoceOHe KlLH
l\KH. Y 0130j'KJ:bH3H 06jaBHo jf, H rpyny
~eBH()-'-HCTopHjcKe H TeopHjcKe 3aKO
KpalbH'IKHX nccaMU Koje My je nqCJIao
.HHTOCTH. MaKO je Haj'lellllie nOTeKnO
}(j OCTp~H~l\e, Kpaj Beorpana, npH,
0):1 riojenHHl\a, ):IeJ10 hOCTOjil H :lKltBH
jaTclb H3 MJIanOCTH' MaKCHM PaHKO-'
caMO aKO je npHXBaneHO H npeHOCH ce
on MHOIllTBll noje):\HHaI\a:y. 'cpenliHH . . BHh. 1YHa'IKt? neCMe je noOpHM. ;QeJIOM
KOjOj j~ HaMe!beHO. 'Y' CBaKOM !I0BOM. . 3anHcao on TemaHa llO;QpyroBHlia H
(lHJI~na BHllllbHna. KH,H311 ~y AOAaTH
Ka3~alLy, y. 3aBHCHOCTil ~):I. TaneHTa
neBa'la, O):lHOCHO Ka31ma'la, ):IeJ10 ce
HOTH" 3anHCH HeKHX nnpcm HapO):l
IIojaBJbyje y HOBOM 06J1HK0BalLY (Ba
HliX necaMa Koje je Ha'lHHHO llOlbaK
pHjaHTH),'y OKBHpHMa nocTojeliHx
(lpalbO MnpeI\KH.
TeMaTCKHX H H3p~ajHHX 3aKOHHTOCTH
p.n,

(lHJIHlI fpa60nau Ii AHnpHja Ka'lHli

MHOllllih (PaJ20fWp yiOOHU Hapooa

C/lOBLlHCKoia, 1756). TOKOM npyre nOJI.

XIX B. pa3BHja ce T3B. enCKO neBaJ:bC

Ha HapoIIHy, OC06HTO y UPHOj fOPH

H XepucroBHHH. Y p"MoBaHHM ;Qece

Tepl\HMa 0 60jeBHMa HajBHllle neBajy

6pOjHlI nena'IH, nllCl\H xpOHH'IapCKe
IleCMe, HfIp. CaBO MaTOB MapTHHO
BHh, BojBona MlipKO lleTpOBHh H np. H
o6jaBlbyjy HX y KlLH)KHl\aMa non cso
JHM HMeHOM. OBaKBO ce neBalLe H
'IUTaMnaJ:bC jaBlba H 0 ;QOra~ajHMa H
6op6aMu y fIpBOM Ii npyroM cneTcKoM
paTy.
H,M.":,.
JIHpcKe neCMe. T3B. MeJ1H'IKC, npen
cTaBlbajy IIoce6aH Blin Hapo;QcKor

HAPOllHO CTBAPAJlAIDTBO - .
neB3J:ba; jaBlbajy cc y sanHCHMa TOKOM '
4ItOJIKJIOP. OpraH CaBe3a YAPY:>Ke
XVI B. 110 npHMopjy. Haj'lellihe cy
lLa <pOJ1KnOpHCTa JyroCJIaBHje, Beo
lby6aBHc nCCMe, IIecHH'IKo-Hspa~ajHH
rpan. 111962; TpoMCCe'lHHK; oojaBlbyje
oan HM je 6JIH33K HapOnHHM JIHP
CTy;QHje H 'UlaHKe H3 pasHHx nonpY'lja
CKliM neCMaMa.

<poJ1Knopa, <j>OJ1KnOPHY rpa~y H3 CBHX

rpa~aHcKa noe3Hja (JIHpHKa) je HOBHja

n.eJIOBa JyrOCJIaBHje, ;Qaje npHK a3e

lIojaBa on Kpaja XVII H nO'I. XVIII B.

nena. M3BeCHH jy6HJ1apHH 6pojeBH

Mel)y XpnaTHMa H Cp6HMa y AYCTpH

nocBeheHH noje;QHHHM Ha:Y'lHHl\HMa,

.iH. llo TeMaTHl\H H H3p~ajHHM epen

najy IhHXone nOTnyHe OHorpa<pHje H

CTBHMa, ORa noe3Hja HHje jeAHHCTlleHa;

6H6JIHOrpa<pHjc, '1JIaHKe H CTYAlije 0

AeJIOM ce OCJlaJ:ba Ha Tpa):lHI:{HjyYCMeHe

lLHMa. Pe3HMea cy Ha PYCKOM H <ppaHKlLH~eBHOCTH, neJIOM Ha ;QoMahy H

4YCKOM je3HKY
CTpaHY ImcaHY KlLH:>KCBHOCT. BetmHoM

H. M.-1>.
cy TO JI,y6aBHe neCMe, anH HX HMa H

CaTHpH'IHHX ca cOUHjaJ1HHM TeMaMa, y

HAPOJ].CKE llECME. llo caOM Ha

MalLeM 6pojy n0(0)KHHX necaMa, Kao H

CTaHKY. :>KHBOTY H OAJIHKaMa npe;Q

Ay~HX, CTHXOBaHHX XpOHHK!1 0 Heo

CTaBlbajy npeJ1a3HH BHn OA YCMeHe Ka
OH~lHHM. Haj'Jelllhe TparH'IHHM 30H
IIHcaHOj neo3HjH. I1Ma HX H JIHPCKHX H
BaJ:bH~a H3 ~HBoTa, aBe cy ce neCMe
~nCKHX. HaCTajy y cpeAHHaMa Koje cy
Haj'leIIlhe IIeBaneH Y3.MeJIO;QHjy npe
F!a npeJ1a3y on ceocKor Ka rpa;QCKOM
HOCHJle, KaQ H 3anHCHBaJ:bCM y pYKonH
CTaHOBHHIllTBY, HH):\lIBH;QyanHor cy rro
-CHHM 36HpKaMa. He HCTlIqyliH CTBapa
peKna, anH ce nI'HXBaTajy, neBajy H

Ol\e, 'laK HaKo cy 6wm n03HaTH nCCHH

npeHoce Kao anecnOTHe, Tj. 6e3 HMeHa

I~. TOKOM XIX B. OBa BpcTa necaMa

ayTopa. HajCTapHje encKe neCMe 'nOTH

jaBlba
ce H norpanOBHMa CpoHje H

qy jOIIl H3 cpeAlher BeKa, a CTBapajy HX'

. MaKe;QOHHje. aBe neCMe.IllHpHJIe cy ce
'H neBajy np~;Q tn:ymao~ neB~'lH
IIeBalLeM H' y lLHXOB <pOBA.YIIlne cy H'
aa'tUlVa61,U, Haj'lellllie C TeMaM,a 0
.JIHp~e (JeCM~, HajBHllle'Jhy6aBHC! ~q3~
. CBeTa'lKHM :>KHBoTHMa H "lynHMa;' KOn .
'HaTHX neCHHKa: .yrJIaBHOM poMaHT~qa- :
Hac ~X je ManO calIyilaHQ, iHij'Iellllie'cy
pa (J. JonaHoimna 3Maja; '0, JaKllmna, .
y OCMepa'lKHM CTHXOaHMa, ca aKonH

ll.
llpepanOBHlia 1I np.). Y TaJqlOM

paHOM PnMOM; aa, 66. llonp~aBalLe

:>KlIBlbClLY MelLajy ce KOjH nyT nOHeKH

enCKHX HapOnHHX necaMa HaJIa3HMO

CTHXOBH HJIH cKpahyjy neCMe, a HMe

Me~y n03HaT~M nHC~HMa XVII H

ayTopa ce H3j'lellllie 3a60paBJba; TO

XVIII B., HapO'lHTO KOA XpaaTa, HOp.

168

169

3arrnjeBajy; CBaKH ce CTHX 3anHjeBa no

ABa nyTa: jeAHa ~eHa Kao KonoBo~a
nO'IIDbe, a OCTane joj nOMa~, H3ro
BapajyhH 3a lbOM Kan no npyrn nyT
CTHX 3anHjeBa caMO nOJIenlLY CTOny
on CTHXa (Hapoolle ujec.M.e I, 1891).
lloMeHa 0 ~aJIOCHOM KOJ1Y HMa H y
HaIIlHM HapOnHHM neCMaMa (BYK III,
neCMa 6p. 78), a '1eCTO je npHKa3aHo H
Ha CTenI:{HMa. Ty~elLe y KOJIY n03HaTO
je H KOn npyrHx HapOna, HapO'lHTO no
Cpen03eMJhY, BJIHCKOM HCTOKY H A3H
jH.
B. TY:JIC6a/lU/(a.

KlLlI:>KeBHOr pOilU 1I cpenHHe y KOjOj ce

CTBapa. TeMc }lcna YCMeHe KlLIDKeB
HOCTH Haj'lelllhc cy onlllTe, HHTepHa
l~HOHanHC. HapO'IlITO y npHnOBeTKaMa;

lloje;QHHH, [JaK, pO;QOBH, Hnp. enCKa

HapO;QHU rreCMH. npJIO '[eCTO HMajy

lICToPHjCKY, HaImOHaJ1HY TeMaTHKY;
OOJUlKY 1I 1I3pa:>KajHHM cpenCTBHMa
najy o6eJIe~je nojenHHH HaponH. Ha
lla Hapol~Ha KJ:MI:>KCBHOCT HMa CJIene
he p0;QOBC: JIHpCKy IIecMY, enCKY ne
CMY, IIpHIIOBeTKY. npenalLe H T3B. CRT
RIrje BpCTe: nOCJIOBHl\e, IIHTaJIHl\e,
3arOHeTKC H CJI. llpaMY Kao pa3BHjeH
pon He HaJIa3HMo. aJIH ce npaMCKH eJIe
MeHTH HaJIa3e y pa3HHM HrpaMa, oco
OHTO '0 cBan6aMa H CJ1., Kao H y

H3Bo!)eJ:bY 06pe;QHe JIHpHKe.

p.rr.

HAPOllHA YMJETHOCT. rO):lH

IIllLaK MHCTHTYTa 3a HapoAHY YMjeT

HOCT'" (ca):la 3aBO;Q 3a HCTpa:>KHBaJ:be
<j>onKnopa) y 3arpe6y, 19621I. llOKpe. HyT C ll,HlbeM na 06jeAHHH C'I'py'lHe H
HayqHe ):IeJIaTHOCTli capanHHKa MHCTH
TyTa C nYOJIHKOBalLeM HHCTHTYTcKe
rpat)e. 06jaBlbyje cTynHje H3 CBHX
06JIaCTH <j>OJllOlOpa, npaTeliH TeopHj
CKa 36HBalLa y <p0J1Kn0PHCTHl\H. Pe3H
Mea cy npeBacXOnHO Ha HeMa'iKOM,
eHrJIeCKOM HJIH PYCKOM jC3HKY. lloce6HO pa3BHO pyopHKY KpHTHKa H
npHKa3a H3 OOJIaCTH Hallle H CTpaHe
<p0J1Kn0pHCTHKe.

Jleilioiiuc Maiiilll(e cpficKe U iiiuiio8U

e8poiicKlIX U CpiiCKliX "Iacoiiuca y XiX
It XX aeKY; Klh. VI, CB. 2: O(}HOC U3Me
Ij Y YCMeHe It tiltCaHe KfbUJICeaHOciiiu;
Kfb. IX: Meiliooo.ll.OutKU U iUeopujcKu
OCH08U Haute HaYKe 0 K1bUJICeaHOciilu
(jenaH neo panOBa O;nHOCH ce Ha HapOn
Hy KfbH)KCBHOCT); Kfb. X: Euoxa iipo
caeheHocfiill (jenaH neo paJl,OBa O;nHOCH
ce Ha HaponHY KlhH>KeBHOCT); Klh. XI:
.IoaaH Ciliepllja flozioauli GenaH .n;eo
paJl,OBa OAHOCH ce Ha Be3e C Hapo.n;HOM
KfbH)KeBHomhy).

rroCTajy T3B. rpanCKe (CTapOrpanCKe)

neCMe.
P.Il.

HACPAJlHH XOI.IA (HaCpeJ),RH,

HacpajABH). HMe jYHaKa MHOrnx rna
JhHBille Hapo.n;HHX rrpHrrOBenaKa, Ha
BemlKoM"nonpyqjy cprrCKoxpBaTCKor H
MaKeJl,OHCKOr je3HKa. JYHaK je rrpeKO
TypCKHX YTHl\aja H3 apanCKe H nepcHj
CKe KlhmKeBHOCTH npeHeT y Harne Ha
ponHO npHnOBeJl,alhe. I103HaT je y
rrpH'laMa EnHCKor HCTOKa; y MHomTBY
CTpaHllx CTy)l.Hja, OCOOHTO y TYPCKOj
HaynH, rrpeJl,MeT je H3yqaBalha Kao
jYHaK YCMeHe TpanHUHje Ha TeMeJhHMa
HCTOPHjCKHX nOJl,JIora. Y HamHM Ha
pO.n;HHM rrpHnOBeTKaMa 'leCTO je y Be3H
ca EpoM, HJ1H KOjHM npyrnM norry
JIapHHM maJhlfBneM. Hnp. lioCOM, H y
O.n;HOCHMa Mel)y lhHMa HapOnHH npH
noseJl,a'I je peTKO Ha CTpaHH XOI,Ie,
BefiHHOM ra maJhHBUH Harne cpeJl,HHe
HaJl,MY.n;pe.
Y MaKe.n;OHCKOM Hapo.n;H9M npHIIOBe
.n;alhY, XOI,IH je Haj'Iemne cynpOTCTa
BJheH OMHJheH maJhHBan liTep llejo.
HaponHe npHnoseTKe 0 HacpanHny
XOJ,IH caopao je H H3nao KlhIDKeBHHK
CTeBaH' CpeMall,; y CKOPO "CBHM 30HP
KaMa. HapOnHHX npHnOBenaKa HMa
BeftH HJIH MalhH opoj 3aIlJACa 0 OBOM
jYHaKY maJhHBe npH'Ie. HajnoT~Hjy
CTYJl,Hjy 90jaBHO je KOJl, Hac HHKona
mon (Hacpa(}uH08e MeiilaMopqJ03e,

P.I1.

HAXO)l; MOMHP. HacnoB lIeCMe H

HMe nOCHHKa ll,apa 'uYIIIaHa y fbOj,
HeBHHO OKJIeBeTaHor 3a POAOCKBPHH
FPex ca ceCTpOM. Be3aHa 3a sepoBafbe
;!\a ce HeBHHOCT H KpHBHll,a MOry
nOKa3aTH rrojanoM lIpHJlHKa lIocne
CMpTH jYHaKa. necMa y HCTO BpeMe
I1paTH oOH'IajHe 3aKOHe H 'IapOJ1Hjy
npenafb8 (BYK I1129).
H. M.-n.

1973).
P.Il.

HAYlIHH CACTAHA.K CJIABH

CTA Y BYKOBE )l;AHE, 300PHHK
pe<l>epaTa H CaOIIlllTelha, Klh. I11972 H
naJhe. PanOBH ce OnHoce Ha jyroCJIaB
HCTH'IKe CTy.n;Hje H3 je3HKa H KlhH
. >KeBHOCTH. Y '300pHHUHMa HMa BeftH
opoj .paJl,OBa TeMaTCKH' ::iaoKPY>KeHHX;
KOjH ce .o.n;Hoce Ha Hamy Hapo.n;Hy
KlhmKeBHOCT, a aYJ'opa cy jyroCJIO
'HeHCKH H CTpaHH jyrOCJlaBHCTlI (Klh. 11: .
/(e.n.o.BYKa Kapa1,tuha; Klh. III: By,K U
fbe?:06U ca8peMeHU1(U U C.II.e06eHUl(U;
Klh. IV; CB. 1: XacaHa?:UHul/a; CB. 2:
Capa(}fb{J BYKa U rpuMa; Klh. V:

H~XO.rt CHMEYH. YOOH'IajeHo HMe

3a POnOCKBpHor rpeuiHHKa y HaIIIoj
JIereH]:lapHoj encKoj oanaJlH, KOjH c.e
rronYT EltHrra )KeHH CBOjOM MajKOM.
llecMe ~oje cy HaCTaJIe HajsepoBaTHH
je Ha OCHOBY peJIHrH03He JIeren.n;e 0
I1aBJIY KecapHjcKQM H xarHorpa<l>Hje 0
CB. rpHrOpHjy H8 K3.Meny, BeOMa JIaKO
enH3yjy Heh IIo~ojeha OIIIIITa MeCTa
H3 rrHcaHe KlhH>KeBHOCTH. HeOOfI'IHO
pol)efbe jYHaKa H lherOBY BeJIHKY CHa
ry, )KeHHnoy, TaMHOBafbe H oc.rioool)e~
fbe H3 TaMHHll,e. Te y 1I0TI1YHOCTH 3anO
BOJhaBajy elICKH uiaOJIOH. HCTHll,afbeM
iIecpehHHX CTHll,aja' OKOJIHOCTH . H
BHTemKor aKTHBHor neJIOBafba, lIeCMe
YMafbyjy TparH'IHY KpHBHlJ,Y, aJIH OCTa
BJhajy x:pHmhaHCKY nopyKy 0 MOryh
.HOcTH onpolIlTaja H HajTe>Ker' rpexa
..HCKpeH~M I<;ajafb.eM. 1

170

H. M.-1I.

1 Yn. By" 1I.,t3. 14: MX. 47: fiB 1889, II1I1TII.

NEVESTA DETOMORILKA. CJIO
BeHa'IKa oaJ1ana HHTepHall,HOHaJIHe

KY.II.iliypHOj peao.ll.Yljujll Haute?: oo6a,

TeMaTCKe pacnpOCTpalheHOCTH, 0 Maj

UH Koja nOKymaBa y6HCTBOM na cKpHje

cBoje BaHOpa'IHO neTe. OCTaBmH y

)KHBOTY, .n;eTe OTKpHBa TajHy Ha .n;aH

Maj'lHHOr BeH'lalha. I1oce6ny CTYJl.Hjy

OBOj TeMH nocseftyje 3Mara KyMep.

1975.
H.M.-'&.
HEJlH'fi, BnaAan (1920-1975). HCTO
KfbH)KeBHOCTH, npeBoJlHJI,au,
npo<l>ecop Eeorpa.n;cKor YHHBep3HTe
Ta. HajBHme ce oaBHo npo)"IaBalheM
HaponHe KlhH)KeBHOCTH. JenHy OA Haj
3Ha~JajHHjHx TeMa lherOBa paJla 'IHHH
H3Y'IaBafbe HHJlHBHnyaJ1HOr yn eJla
elICKor neBa'la. y CTBapafbY H npeH0
lIlefbY errCKHX HapOJlHHX necaMa, Ha
IIpHMepHMa ByKOBHX neBa'Ia; Ha'IHHHO
je aHTOJIOrHjy JIHPCKHX HapOnHHX
rrecaMa, HCTaH'IaHHM KPHTePHjYMHMa,
a npeMa MaTepHjany IIIHPOKO 3axBa
fieHOM H IIO Tepeny H IIO BpeMeny oe
JIe)Kefba, HacprrCKoxpBaTCKOM, MaKe
AOHCKOM H cnoBeHa~IKOM je3HKY, ca
OOHMHOM H nOKYMeHTOBaHOM yaOAHOM
CTy)l.HjOM (AHiIio.ll.o?:uja jyioc.II.oaeHCKe
HapO(}He .ll.upUKe, 1962; AHiIio.ll.O?:uja
.ll.llPCKllX Hapo(}Hllx uecaMa, 1969,
1978). JenaH je on rrpHpel)lfBa'Ia (ca
)KHBOMHPOM MJIaJleHOBHneM) neT
KfbHra HapOnHHX necaMa H3 BYKOBe
PYKOI1HCHe rpal)e, Y H3J1alhY CARY.
(1973, 1974); Y OKBHPY jyoHJIapHOr
H3nalha BYKOBHX CaopaHHX neJIa 0
CToroAHlIlfbHll,H CMPTH, npHpenHo
KlhHre: fljecHaplllja 1814-1815. H'
CpucKe Hapo(}He iijeCMe I ca'CTYJlHjaMa
H KPHTWIKHM KOMeHTapHMa. Haj3Ha
'lajHHjH panOBH: CUMa MUAYiUu
HOallli-CapajJiuja (1959). <PUAUU Bu
ulfbun (1961),0 upaoj u opy'ioj BYKo
:aoj uecMapuljU' (1966), (.) YCMeHoM
IlecHllwiIiay (1976), H BYKoau ueaallU

pH~IaP

H. M.-n.

HE)l;EJbKOBHn, )l;ymaH (pol)eH

1899-:1984), <l>HJI030<l>. eTHonor,

KJ10PHCT, 'IJIaH CARY H MARY, rrpo

<l>ecop 4>HJI0304>Hje Ha CKoncKoM H

EeorpanCKOM YHHBep3HTeTY; nyroro

nHmfbH npencenHHK l-bBpmHor onoo-

pa CaBe3a <l>OJIKJ10pHCTa JyrocnaBHje,

ypenHHK 'IaCOnHCa HapoAHo CTBapa

J1amTBO 4>0JIKJ10P. CBOj pan Ha <l>0JIK

JIOpHCTHUH 3aCHH~a Ha npoy'IaBalhY

3aKOHHTOCTH HaCTajalha H pa3BHTKa

Hapo.n;Hor CTBapanamTBa, npeBacXOJl

HO Ha OCHOBY KOJ1eKTlfBHHX norrpe

'IHHX aHKeTHHX rrpeceKa (HIIp. 0 Ha

PO.n;HOM rreBafbY y nepHoAY HapOnHe

peBoJIYUHje, ocnooOAHJIa'IKor paTa H

H3rpanfbe COll,HjanH3Ma y JyrocnaBHjH,

300pHHK pap;OBa CAH, 1960, LXVIII;

llpBa... ,u:pyra .. Tpefia eTarra rrpeJIa

'>Kelha KOJIeKTHBHOr y lIHJ\HBHnyanHo H

oopaTHo, Hapo.n;Ho CTBapana~TBO

<l>OJIKJ10P, 1962; 0 pa1J.HH'lKoM <l>0JI
KJ10py~<. Ibid., 1964). llc1pCoJIomKH H
eTHonCHxonomKH THnonOIIIKH npH
CTYrr HaponHoj noe3HjH ( ,u:Ba jY>KHO
cpoHjaHcKa MOTHBa 0 MapKY KpaJhe
BHfty, JY>KHH rrperneA, 1932, VII;
MHja'IKa nOneJIa necaMa 1932, Ma
JIemeBCKa errHKa, 1932), cKPehe Ka He
Tpa>KHBalhy npYIIITBeHo-HCTopHjcKe
crrell,H<l>H'IHOCTH caBpeMeHor HapOn
HOI' neBalha, 1I0ceoHHX eTHH'IKHX rpy
lIa (y Pa.n;OBHM~ KOlrrpeca 4>OJIKJ10PH
CTa JyrocnaBHje, 1961, 1963, 1967. HTti.).
EaBH ce eTHOJIOIIIKHM rrpHJIa3HMa <l>0JI
KJIOP.y; eTHOJIOmm-<l>OJIKJIOPHCTH'I
KHM HcnHTlfBa.fbHMa JIHMHTpo<l>HHX e~. '.' HH'IKHX rpyna (niacHHK ETHQJIomKor .
. . imctH:ryTa CARY, 1970n~. XIX-XX); '.
:oa.nKaHoJlornjoM. MeTOAOJIOIIIKa' HC- .
IIHTHBalha OnHoca 'caBpeMeHor H KJ1a-
. CH'IHOr <l>oJIKJ1opa oopal)eHa cy y KlhH
3H BYK U HapooHo ciilaapa.ll.autiilao Y

4>on

(1981).

p.n

HEHCTOPHJCKE IIECME. YcnOB

HH TepMHH 3a enCKe lIecMe' Y KojHMa
npeoBJIal)yj~ MHTOJIOIIIKO, JIereH)l;ap.
H~, HOBeJ1HCTH'IKO, mTO He 3Ha'IH 1\3: cy
itJ:lmeH~ HCTOPHjCK~X eJIeMeHaTa.J
TepMl'lH ce.OJlHOCH OOwnIO HS. neCMe .
Ha MeI)H, C pa3BHjeHoM <l>aoYJIo'M: .
B. Eti.!l.a(}a; flplluoae(}Hci eUUKa; TIpu
"Ia.ll.UI/a.

171

H.M.-T>.

YnoTpe6Jhallajy ra

I\OCJlCI\HO il. ilonollHh

HalllHX JIHPCKHX necaMa. 6aJIana, JIee

reHnapHHX npwm H npenalba, na H
llJaJbHBHX npH'Ia. 3amTHTHHK 6po
,Itapa, CnaCHJIal~ 6pOnOJIOMUHKa, OH je
3aMCHHK XapOHll. TIo qajKaHoBHliy,
np06Hpa'l nYllla. TIpH'le 0 lbeMY
nojaBJbyjy ce Ben y XIV H XV B. Y
xpBaTcKoj H enooeHa'IKoj TpanH~HjH
CB. HHKOJIa je Hcnocpe):{aH npoTHBHHK
ljaooJIa KOjH ce'le oncenuyTo npBo,
'leCTO jap60JI.1 Haj'Ieml:iH 06JIHK q,a
6yJIe je 0 npeMY CB. HHKOJIe, KOjH
nO'lHBa Ha npaCTapOM npHMHTHBHOM
l3epOBaH,y 0 CHY Kao OnJIaCKY nyme. 2
TIecMe ce pa3BHjajy HJIH y npaB~y
jYHa'lKe eHHKe, Ha cpnCKOM nO,ItpY'Ijy
(me ce y OKBHpHH caH, Ha ,ItaH KpCHor
HMeHa, YUJIa'IH HCTopHjcKo-enCKH ,Ito
raljaj), HJIn y npaB~y peJIHrH03He
JIHpHKe H 6aJI3ne (n03HB CB. HHKOJIH
na KpCTH I1cyca). Y np03HOM 06JIHKY
O'IYBaH jc MHTOJIOmKH enoj MOTHsa.3
CB. HHKOJIa je 06H'lHO cseTa~ KOjH y
HH3Y KpaTKHX JIereH,ItapHHX 6aJIa,Ita
nOCMaTpa rpeulHy y,ItOBH~ H enyma 0
lbeHHM rpeXOSHMa. y ,Itpa)KeCHoj n03H
HaHSHor )KHSOllHca: CseTHTeJb ce Ha
paj HaenOHHO~ (Ia H3 paja y naKao
rJIe,ItH.

(llpeilleo cpilcKe KIbUJ<C"""OCili.u. 1913). B.

'BypHh (AHili.()JIOiuju HUPOOHUX jYHfJ,{KUX
Ueca.Ata. npC/\rOBop. bcorpa/\, 1969).

HEMAJLA CTEllAH (OKO 1168

1200), pamKH BeJIHKH )KynaH, OCHHBa'I
,ItHHaCTHje HeMalbHlia. 3aMoHamHo ce
y MaHacTHpy CTyneHH~H; y CBeToj
fopH ca CHHOM CaBoM carpa,ItHo MaHa
CTHp XWIaH,Itap. CpncKa ~pKBa rrpo
rJIaCWIa ra CBeueM.
Y Hapo,ItHoj Tpa,ItHUHjH HeMa MHOro
Ca'IYBaHHx HCTOPHjCKHX cel:ialba; enCKe
neCMe ra Ha3HBajy ~apeM H neBajy 0
rpaljelby MaHaCTHpa Ha Koje je YTPO
mHO 6JIaro (BYK II123, 24, 37). TIPH
nHcyjy My ce H KacHHjH MaHaCTHpH.

B: 3aoY:JIC6une.
p.rr.

i
'"i

HEPOJ1.HMJbE. CpenlbOBeKOBHa )Ky

na H npeCTOHH~a HeMalbHlia Ha Koco
By. TIpe,Italba Koja ce Be3yjy 3a oBaj
JIOKaJIHTeT YrJIaBHOM TyMa'Ie HaCTa
HaK HMeHa Kao nOCJIe,ItH~y KJIeTBe
KoiOM je CTaHOBHHKe npOKJIeJIa MajKa
~apa Ypoma, Y3aJIY,It Tp3)Kel:iH lberoBo
TeJIO. (PaHHje ce HaBO,ItHO ~na 3BaJIa .
TIoponHMJbe H 6HJIa BeOMa IIJIO,ItHa).

H.M.-'S.

H.M.-1>.

I Yn. M. J)oIl1KOHHh,Stulli. YCMeHa KIbHlKell

HHKAU 0J1. POBIfHA (Kpaj XVII

nOlI. XVIII B.), jYHaK H3 nJIeMeHa
[(y~e, no 6paTCTBY TOMaHoBHI:i. OMH
JbeH JIHK enCKHX necaMa 0 60p6aMa 3a
oc.iI060ljelbe [(pHe fope; oneBaH H y
MOOrHM neCMaMa 36HpKe TI. TI. JLe~
roma OZAeOa.t/,o CpiiCKO (1845). Je,ItHa
on- oajycneJIHjHX necaMa orreBa nOrM-.
6Hjy HHK'I.eBY y nBo60jy .C nOTypH~OM .
. Ea6HlieM Jamap'oM, KOjH je ynapHo Ha
HHK'IeBe OB~e; 06a npoTHBHHKa rHHY
y HCT0 BpeM~.
.

B. rIeCMe 0 60p6qMa 3a. ocIIQ6o!Je1be

Upne rope.. . '

..
~n

HHKOJIA,CBeTB (IV B.), eIIHCKOn y

JIHKHjH. JLeroB KyJIT BeOMa je
pamHpeo H y HCTO'IHOj H Y 3ana,ItHoj
xpumhaHcKoj UpKBH. qeCTa JIH'IHOCT

HOCT. 3arpcCi. 19711:

2 BYK 1112t:. r. HHKOJllfh. CHll 9, 10. 11; CT.
Ma*YP,ufllh: XHn 11176; MX Jill H 25-26.
)'B. J1MC. 11161: elv. corp. 131: CE3 1913, XIX,
COl'p. 611. .

"HKOJIIf'fi, HJIHja (poljeH 1922),

HCTOpH'Iap, BHmH Hay'IHH
Capa]{HHK CAHY. TIpoY'IaBaO CP"
cKo-6yrapcKe KIbH)KeSHe H KYJITYPHe
O,ItHOce y XIX B., 3aTHM. 6aJIKaHcKe
HapO]{He YMoTB9pHHe ..ocoQMTO Hapo-..
,It~e nect-fe 113 HCTO'lHe CpoHje (~OK:".
.TOpCKa nHcepTaUHja' HapoOHe. ueCMe'

iJ.UPOiilCKOZ .k'paja; 196e). TIplIpe]{ilO

. BHlne KH>imi H3 HCT9pMje H KYJITypHor

)KMBOTa TIHpO'l'a, Kao M 36HpKe IIeCaMa

M3 MCTO'me CpoHje: fJI. ,IteJIa: Ilpezlleo

'KIb~)K;eI3HM

Ha MaKeOOHCKltiile HapOOHU ueCHU 80

apXCl80iU Ha CARY (1976); HnoeKC

172

MoUlu8a napoonux ueCaMa 6allKan

60jy sa KOCOBY KOC080 (1871). Doa
CKUX Cllo8ena 00 BpaHUClla8a Kpc
je KlbHr3 6HJI3 H3Y3eTHo norryJIapHa y
iilUM (H3,Italbe CAHY), H np.
Hapo,Ity jom nO'I. XX B., mTaMIIaHa je y
p.n.
BeJIHKOM 6pojy H3Aalba H hHpHJIHn;OM H
JIaTHHH~OM. M y Eeorpany H y 3arpeoy.

p.n.

HOBAK KOBAqt HAJI.6AHTHH.

CTajahe HMe Y HamUM enCKHM IIeCMa
Ma 3a ,Itoopor KOSa'Ja KOjH Kyje opy)Kje
HajBehHM jYHaUHMa, KpaJbeBHhy Map
Ky, EOJIaHOM AOj'IHHY (BYK II/66, 77).
HMe je II03HaTO Meljy op~apHMa XIV
s. y KOTOPY,

"OBEJIA (JIaT. novella).. HapO]{Ha

IIpHnoBcTKa pCaJIHCTH'IKe canp)KHHe,
110 CTpyKTypH BeliMHoM 6JIHCKa oajUH.
TepMHH jc cKopallIlbH, yenosaH, IIO
3ajMJbeH H3 nHcaHe KIbH)KeBHOCTH 3a
p.n.
xBaJbyjyhH H3BecHoj IIogy]{apHOCTM C
HOBeJIaMa oOKa'IoBor THUa. Kon Hac
HOBAKOBH.1l., CTojao (1842-1915),

ra IIpSH IIYT ,Itoene]{HO YIIoTpe6JbaBa B.

Hay'IHHK H nOJIHTH'Iap, MHHHcTap

l.IajKaHoBHI:i.1 BYKOB TepMHH 3a Hose

npocseTe CpoHje (1873, 1874, 1880),

JIY je MYIJIKa npHnOBeTKa; y Iboj HeMa

IIpe,ItCenHHK Ma,Ite (1895-1896). TIpo

'1y]{eca Hero OHO mTO ce rrpHUoBHjena

yqaBao HapO]{HO npaso, KynTYpHy HC

peKao 6n 'JOBjeK na je 3aHCTa Momo

6HTH.
TOPHjy, eTHorpaq,Hjy, HCTOPHjy cpen

Iber BeKa, KIbH)KesHY HCTOPHjy H Hapo

MHore HOSeJIe OJ.\ 6ajKH ce Pa3JIHKyjy

caMO IIO Ca,Itp)KHHcKoj cymTHHH ]{ora
,ItHY KIbH)KeSHOCT y O}.\HOCY Ha HCTOPH

jy H CTapy KIbH)KeSHOCT; H3 OBe 06na

Ijaja, He no cllojoj CTf>YKTYPH. MCTa

npHIIoseTKa MO)Ke ce nojaSHTH H Kao
CTH Haj3Ha'IajHHjH cy MY pa,ItOSH: Cpu

CKa 6u6I1uozpacpuja'(1869), Hciilopuja

6ajKa H Kao HOBeJIa, IIpeMa SPCTH
cpucKe K1bU:JICe8HOciilu (1867, 1871),
aTpH6YTlI lbeHHX JIH'IHOCTM H aM6MjeH
Iloclleo1bu BpaHKoeuhu y ucii1.opuju U
Ta. Y BYKOSoj '6ajUH KaKO .cy paAHJIe,
'HapooHoM upeoa1by (llMC, 1886),
OHaKO cy H IIpomJIC (Aath 480),
HapooHa w.paoUlluja uKputilU'lKa
n06py H 3JIy 'AeBojKY Harpaljyje H Ka
uciilopuja (OTa1,l6HHa, 1880).

)KlbaBa aJIa; y HOBeJlaMa HCTe ccmp

YpeljHsao je H H3,ItaSaO 'IaCOfIHC BH

)KHHe 06H'lHO oa6a, 6e3 MaljHjcKHx

csojcTaBa. Te)KeliH 3aHHMJbHBOCTH,
JIa (1865-1869), y KOMe je 06jaBJbH

HOBeJIa ce 'lecTO ]{P)KH He06H'IHor. H

sao HapO]{He .IIeCMe, "pHnoseTKe,

Y)KHSa Y H3HeHa]{HI;IM 06pTHMa ClfTy-.

3arOHeTK~ H ]{P' 1'13 TOr je <poH,Ita cac

.TaBHO ~ 06jaBHo 36HpKy HapO]{HHX

aUHja. JYHaK YBeK YCIIesa Aa H36eme

3arOHeTKH, 0,It pa;3HHX ca6Hpa'Ia (M.

CMpT (6pojHe HOBeJIe, Ha IIpHMep 0

.fJIHmHi:I, B. BplJesHh, Th. KOBa'IeBH~

'loseKY KOjM HOCH IIKCMP 0 CBOMe

H ,Itp.), CpucKe' napooHe aa'ioHeiilKe

CMaKHYl:iy -' Aath 930), aJIM He 3ax

(Eeorpa,It-TIaHlJeSO 1887).

BaJbyjylm csojoj HepaIbMBOCTH, HJIM

Kao ceKpeT,ap CpncKor Y'JeHOr

'lynOTSOPHOj nOMohH HaTIIpHpO,ItHMX

,ItpymTsa HaCTojao je MUoro OKO ca6M

IIOMOnHI{Ka Kao y 6ajUH, IIa lJaK. HH

palba H 06jaBJbHBaiba Hapo}.\HHX YMo

caMO YCJleA cpehHor CTM~aja OKOJIHOC

TH, Beh 360r MoryhHOCTH jynaKa Hose
TBopIffia; HaIIHcao je .IIpe):lroBope 3a

K1bHre E. TIeTpaIioBHha, CpiicKe Hapo- .

JIe ,Ita K.OHTaKTHMa c.]{pyriw JIH'IHOcrH
Ma IIpm(OBeTKe Melba' AaJbH TOK
. 'one ii.jecMe ua BOCHe U Xep1lez06umi,

... 1861, H~. Bp'IesHlia, CpUCKt H.apOoHe .

]{ora!;a.i<;l: CycpeTH lbY]{H 'y 'HOBe:JIH
.iipuuo6ujeiilKe, .iionaj6UUte KpaiilKe..U
oMoryhyjy l.bIfXOBe Meljyco6He yrRQa- .
. Wa.tI:JU6e, 1868.'
.
'. je; JIHK.ce pa3sHja, Melba, ljeKa,It rrpe
llO,ItCTaKHYT 'q,paHlWcKHM IIpeSO]{OM
paCTa y CBOjy COIICTBeHY cynPOTHocT, Y
A. ]{' ABpWIa HamHX Hapo,ItHHX IIecaMa
OKBHpy caMe npH'le. Y TOMe je TajRa
o 60jy Ha KOCOBY, ca6pao je cse encKe
nHHaMH'IHOCTH CBaKora JIHKa, Hacy
IIeCMe, CalJHHHBmH HeK}' BpCTY ena 0
npOT npHo-6eJIoj TeXHHn;H CJIHKalba

173

6ajKe. Y HOBMH 0 OKJIeBeTaHoj :lKeHH,

BepHa :lKeHa rOTOBO CTpa,n:a jep Ha
MY:lKa YTHqy peqH CllJICTKe; y HOBeJIH 0
OllKJIanH y sePHOCT :lKeRe, MY:lK YMaJIO
ry611 .lKHBOT jep nOBepyje JIa:lKHOM
nOKa3Y; HOBMe 0 YKpobcHOj ropona
nH npenCTaBJbajy q,HHO nCHXOJIOWKO
HanHrpaBalbe; y n03HaToj npHnOBeQH
APaM je3HKa, MYnpa :lKeHa CBOjOM
nOBHTJbHBOwhy npesapH cy,n:Hjy, Te
cnace My:lKa (Aath 890).
JYHaK ce y HOBeJIH H3MaqH H3 HeBOJbe,
H3 HajqynHoBaTHjHx, roTOBO 6H3apHHX
cHTyaUHja, conCTBeHOM CHaJIa:lKJbHBO
why HJIH nOMHWJbaTowby CBOjHX no
Maraqa. IIpenBHljeHa cxeMa noraljaja,
CJlyqajHH CTHUaj cpebHHX OKOJIROC
TH KOjH yHanpen naje pewelbe nOTpe6
HO 3a KacHHjH, H3HeHa,n:HH nO:lKHBJbaj
jYHaKa - H3BOP cy jYHaKoBe MobH (CBH
lbapqe yHanpen BH,n:H TpH 6eJIere
uapeBe KbepH Koje Tpe6a na norOnH
TOKOM Ta~elba npocaua, "UapeB3
KhH H CBHlbapqe, BYK, 23, Aath 850;
CeJbaHKa-uapHua TPa:lKH on My:lKa
nOTBpny na YKOJIHKO je HKan OTepa,
MO.lKe H3 Kybe nOHeTH OHO WTO joj je
~ajMHJlHje, 'ie nOHeCe uapa -'AesojKa
uapa H~nMYnpHJla, BYK 25, Aath 875).

PcwaBaH,e 3aAaTaKa-3arOHeTaKa no
cTaje y MHOrHM HOBeJIaMa rJIaBHa
noeHTa KOjOj cc 'IHTasa q,a6yJIa non
pel)yjc. Y IIpBH llnaH nOJIa3H nYXoBHTO
'leCTO CCIMO Bcp6aJIHO HanHrpaBalbe
('106aH'IC 3aMclbyje KaJIyljepa H
YCllemHO onrOBOpH Ha CBa uapeBa
nHTalba)2; 3aTHM HannarHBalbe (neTe
YCllemHO HH:lKe na:lK 3a na:lKH Te
Ha,n:na:lKC H "Rocy, ),JIa:lK 3a onKJIany3);
HJIH T3KMWIelbe Y nOnBaJbHBalbY
(ABa HOBl~a),4 TC ce HOBCJIa YMHorOM
npH6nHlK3Ba BHllIccnH30nH'IHoj ma
JLHBOj npHnOBeUH. Y KOJIHKO nHTalba H
OnrOBopH, 3anaUH H pemelba nOCTaHY
caMH ce6H CBpxa, H ry6elm CBaKY npeT
XOnHY MOTHBHcaHOCT, npecTajy ,n:a
6yny neo q,a6yJIe. H3nBajajy cc Kao
noce6Ha enH30na H nonynapajy cc ca
3arOHeTKOM-nHTaJlHUOM; C npyrc CTPa
He, CBOjOM jenHoenH30,n:HqHOmhy BYKY
Ka maJbH80j npH'IH.

II:.
ILErOIII IIETAP II IIETPOBJfI1.
(1813-1851), neCHHK onmTeJbyncKe

Kapal.lHh Ka:lKC na Canp:lKH BHIllC HCTO

pHje Hero noc3Hjc. OCHOBHa nBa TOKa
lheromene noe3Hje, no B. JIaTKoBHhy
cy peJIHnf03HO-MeTaq,H3H'IKH H oHaj 0
KpBaBoj 6op6H 3a CJlo60,n:y. Y pa3JIH
'IHTOM IllfllY, Y 06a OBa TOKa YCMeHa
Tpa,n:HUHja ce IIojaBJbyje H Kao MeTa
q,opHKa H3peKa H Kao nOCJIOBHua, H
Kao Jby6uBHa JIHpCKa neCMa;' H Kao
TY:lK6aJIHI~a, H Kao CTIlXOBaH3' HCTopHja
paTHWIKo-naTpHjapXaJIHe 3ajenHHUC.

6op6e, eTHqKHX np06JIeMa, cYK06a

xpHIllhaHCTBa H HexpHwnaHcTBa, n06
pa H 3JIa, cnHpHTYaJIH3Ma H MaTepHja
JIH3Ma, BJIanHKa, ynpaBHTeJb UpHe
rope, np:lKaBHH peq,opMaTop. rOTOBO
ueJIOKynHO lberOBO neCHH'IKO neJIO,
3aBHCHO on nepHo,n:a CTBapalba, npo
:lKeTO je cBojeBpcHHM OnHOCOM npeMa
Hapo,n:Hoj TpanHQHjH. IIpBHX neT neca
Ma (mTaMnao HX je CMMa MHJlYTHHo
BHb y fljesaH.uju I~PH.O'iOpCKOj u xeplle
'ioSa'lKoj, 1837) y CTBapH cy ,n:eceTe
pa'IKe nCCMC Ha HaponHy. rJlac
KaMeH.IUUiaKa H3 1833. neCCTepa'lKH je
cneB 0 6op6aMa npOTHB TypaKa, HH
CI1HpHCaH HCTOPHjCKOM .JIHTepaTypoM
'H XpOHH'IapCKOM HapOnHOM neCMOM.
FberomcB n~eynOKJIaCHqapCKH ncpH
on, KOjH CJlenH nocne nOBpaTKa H3
PycHje 1833, npHJla3 je YCMeHoj TpanH
UHjH nyTeM MHTOJIOrHje H aHTH'IKe
KlbH:lKeBHOCTH.. Y CJlo6ooujaou (1835)
oneBa oCJlo60nHJIa'lKe 6op6e TOKOM
XVIII H nO'leTKOM XIX BCKa, Te:lKH na
nocerne XOMepoBY HJlujaoy, aJIH ce y
CymTHHH HHcnHpHIlle enCKOM CTHXO
BaHOM XPOHHKOM, pelj.albeM ,n:oraljaja
.KapaKTepHCTH'IHHX 3a upHoropCKY
fiJIeMeHcKY enCKY neCM}', 3a KOjy BYK

H.M.-b.

I CE3 Xl.l. Scnrpall. 1927.

2 llhnllap MIICJlH. H. lllaYJlHh 113, 6p. 95: Aath

\122.
3 BYK 44; Aalh \920.
4 BYK 47: Aalh'152$ H 111654..

Ii y JlY'/lt MllKpOK03MU,

H Y llIheuaH.Y
MaJlOM, H y rOpCKOM BujeHllY eJIe

MeHTe Hmue HapOnHe noc3Hje yqHHHO

je HCKa30M MO:r\epHe HHl\HBH,n:YaJIH30
BaHe ocehajHocTH H MlfcaOHOCTH... cac~
TaBHHM l\eJIOM onmTer eBponCKor
eCTeTH'IKor apCeHaJIa. CTpYKTypa
Hapo,n:He neCMe-xpOHHKe noeTcKo je
IIOJIa3HmTe rOpCK02 sujeH.I~a y KOMe
je, no J. AeperHhy, y OKBHpy jenHor
,n:oraljaja l\aTa CHHTe3a'ueJIHHe Kao y
l1J111jaotl. 36HpKa HapOnHHX necaMa
O'ineoaJIo CpiiCKO (1845) OCTBapHJla je
lheromel~y ,n:aBHawlbY 3aMHcao na
O'II1Ma HapOnHHX neBaqa OCBeTJIH
=?ajenHlflllTBO 60p6e 3a CJI060,n:y y
Cp6HjH If U;PHOj rOpH.
.

B. O'ine{)oJlo cpficKO.
H.M.-'S.

'"

."'

.....

174

175

i
i

OJiH'IJAJHE JIUPCKE HAPO.llHE

nECME. TIeCMe K'Oje n'OTHqy 'On npac

Tafba xpHUIhaHCTBa. Oopen je YBeK

npaheH neCMDM, a qeCTD H HrpDM.
OopenHe neCMe cy H3BDtieHe KDneK
THBHD H npen KDJIeKTHBDM H Ta HM ce
jaBHa CPYHKUHja A'O naHac Dnp:lKana.
Be3y,iy ce 3a cTape CBeTKDBHHe H n'Oje
nHHa rD]IHUIfba ):\D6a, T3B. KaJleHOapCKe
p6pcnHc lleCMC. 3aXBaJbyjyhH MarHj
CK'Oj HaMeHH ):'(yro cy 3anp:lKa1Je apxa
H'IHe '06JlHKe (K'OnenapCKe, 6D:lKHhHe,
1l0nH'lapcKe, Ha paHHny, na3apH'lKe,
yCKpUIfbC, tiyptieBcKe, cnaCDBCKe,
KPaJbH'IKC, ):'('OnOJlCKe R ):'(p.).
r.n.

TapHX '06penHHX necaMa y3 KynTHe

panfbe Be3aHe 3a nHqH'OCT q'OBeKa ('OK'O
cBan6e, caxpaHe Hen.). KaK'O cy '06pe
nH Be3aHH 3a JbynCKH :lKHB'OT paH'O
xpHCTHjaHH3'OBaHH, H3ry6HBUIH KynTHY
H MarHjcKY M'Oh, 3anp:lKa1JH cy ce CaM'O
Ka'O '06H'lajH. 06HqajHe neCMe (CBa
T'OBCKe, Ha3npaB~e, Ty:lK6an~e) H'OCe
'OJ:(nHKe H'OBHjRX BpeMeHa, y 3aBHCHOC
TH 'On n'Onpyqja R cpenHUITa y K'OjHMa
, :lKHBe.
p,n.

j
~

OJiJIAK PA.llOCJIAB (06.1ta'l.uh

Paoe, 06.1ta'l.UHa Paoe, 3Maj 06pituh
Paoe, 00 A6aJ1e Paoe). TI'O. Hapo):,(HHM

II'

III

OJiPETEHHJE fJIABE KHE3A

JIA3APA. EnCKa neCMa (BYK II152)

enCKHM neCMaMa B'OjB'Ona 'BYPtia

JipaHK'OBHha; neCMe ra ):'('OB'O):'(e y Be3Y C
Hajn'OnyJIapHHjHM enCKHM jYHa~Ma:
MapK'OM, M:im'OUIeM ,H CHoHfbaHHHDM
JaHK'OM (BYK II/81 , 83). Bep'OBaTHD je y
enCKHM neCMaMa eaqysaH'O cehafbe Ha
HCT'OPHjCKY nH'-IHDCT BemlKaUIa CTC
cpaHa Ha3apeBHha H 'BYPtia BpaHK'OBH:
hat qenHHKa Pa):,(Rqa TI'O~TynDBHha, ,
HnH BenHK'Or B'OjBDny Pan'OCJlaBa MH
XaJbeBHh!l. TIpe3HMe 06.1ta'l.uh npBH
nyT Ha1Ja3HM'O y ny6p'OBaqK'OM JIeT'OnH
cy J: HYK~peBHha (1605).
,p.n,

OBPE.llHE JIHPCKE HAPO.llHE

. nECME. HajCTapHje YCMeHe TBope
'

::-.

..

BHHe. He cXBaTajyhH npHP'O):'(He Clme,

I1pH,MHTHBHH q'OBeK je HaCT'Oja'O ):'(~
: YMHJJO,CTHBH .na My' oy):'(y HID<:JlOfbeHe;,
oM'Oryhe 6'01'031' n'OJil, ):'('OOpy :lKeTBY H nl?"
OBH cy ce '06penH YKJIana1JH y CTape,
penHrHje o60:lKaBafba cyHua, 3eMJbe,
T'OTeMH3aMa, KynTa npe):,(aKa H Bpe
MeHOM cy npHMa1JH H H3BeCHa CXBa

!Pi

177

HHcnHpHcaHa HCT'OPHj'OM .H cpe):,(fbD

neKOBHOM KfbH:lKeilHDUIhy. MCT'OPHj
CKH 'IRH npeHDca MDUITHjy CBeTaua'
npHnHK'OM ceDoe Hap'O):,(a K'OjH J.ix ca
co60M HOCH. Kao DCn'OHab y qyBalliy
HaUHDHanH'Or HHTerpHTCTa, YBeK CBe
'lIiH'O 'OOene:lKaBaH y cpncKDj nYX'OBH'Oj
H cBeToBHDj KfbR:lKeBH'OCTH, 'OBne je
hpHJIar'OtieH HapOnH'OM encKoM cTB~
pafby, anR 'ce RnaK np:lKH cpenfbDBe
K'OBHDr KfbH:lKeBH'Or '06pacna. Dena
neBatIRua 'OIlella 'Hima)i{efbe' rJIaBe
KHe3a na3apa H M'OIllTHjy, qyn'O npHna
jafba mime, cKyn' H oneH1:lje~( HajHc
TaKHyTHjHx' ):'(YX'OBHHX nornaBapa,'
npeH'OC H3 npHlllTHHe y PaBaHHIly
(1394). MaK'O peTP'OCneKTHBHa, neCMa
y.rnaBHOM KOpllCTH n'OeTCK'O BpeMe ':
canaUIfbe, aKTyanH3yjyhl;l H CT~apHe
'UCTopHjcKe ~AaTKe, K9jH' cy CHrypH'O
MOpaJIH' YTHl~aTH Ha en~Ky ~Dny':'
JlapHOCT KHe3a Ha3apa: ;!J;en'OBe, Ha3'a
pCHDr nHCMa MaHaCTHpyPaBaHH~Y
KOMe DH HCTH'le na je UpKBy rpa):'(H'O
6e3 KynyKa H CHne:. }}... H CBe lllT'O
npHJI'O:lKHX ytIHHHX He Y3eBUIH HHtJ.Hjy

6alllTHHy, He pa~HX HaCHJbe'M, Hero CBe

HCKynoM H 3aMeHOM KaKO je KO XTeo
(B. rOOUIW-bU1la HUKOlle lfyuuha, II,
CTp. 113), OHa nCCHHqKH napacppa3Hpa
3aKJbyqHHM CTHXOBHMa, y B~y nOXBa
JIe:

BHh, HCKC MO)Kl1a H caM lberOlll, aJIH cy

npl1xBahcHe 11 neBaHe y HapOAY.
OZlleoallo CpiiCKO jc nocBelieHO cjeHH
AJICKCaHllpa TIYIllKHHa. a OBO npBO
113~albe 611JIO jc YKpallleHO Kapal)op
l)eBHM nopTpCTOM.
p,n.

Hehe cBeiUatl aaoYJIC6uHU iUyfjoj,

BeA OH xolie CBOjOj aU()YJIC6UHU,
a y c60jy KpacHy Pa6uHUllY
iioo BUCOKOAI iioo Ky~aj-i1.naHUHOM,
UliUo je JIaaa cazpaouo llpK6Y
au JlCUBOiUa jOUliUe au c60jezu
cazpaouo ce6u auoYJIC6uHY
o CBOAI Jle6y U 0 CBOAle 6J1azy
a 6ea cyau 6ea cuPOiUulbcKuje.

OflLEHA MAPUJA. Ha3HB 3a Eo

ropO~HIW. OHa Haj'lelllhe, y JIereH~ap

HOj 6amlAH, CHJIa3H y naKao, BRAH MyKe

rpelllHHKa H naje CJIHKY TelllKHX Ka3HH

Ha OHOM CBeTY (BYK 11/4, MX I, 6p.

18-20 HT}~.). OBaKBe cy neCMe HaCTaJIe

nOA YTHqajeM anoKpHq>He KlbIDKeBHO

CTH; rpecH cy y lbHMa pa3BpcTaHH

Haj'lernhe npeMa MOpaJIHOM cXBaTalbY

HapoAa, a He 11pKBe.

H,M.-D,

OfJIE.l1:AJIO CpnCKO. 36HpKa Ha

necaMa 0 60p6aMa 3a OCJI060
I)elbe UpHe rope H Cp6Hje. KlbHry je
H3~ao TIeTap II TIeTpOBHli Iberolll,
1845. y Eeorpa~y. Ca~p)KH YKYIlHo 61
encK)' necMY. HeKe o~ necaMa 6HJIe cy
Beli paHHje lllTaMnaHe, HeKe cy ry npBH
nyT 06jaBJbeHe, a lbHX je caM lberOIll
pe~HrOBao H nOHer~e Melbao. OBO
~eJIO npe~CTaBJba aHTOJIOrnjy, Ibero
llleB H360p necaMa no JIHqHOM MepH
IIy H C o~pel)eHHM QIIJbeM, ~a 6y~y
npHMep 3a yrJIe~ MJIa~HM paTHHQllMa y
60p6aMa npO~HB TypaKa. ,!1;eaeT
necaMa 0 60p6aMa H3 BpeMeHa npBor
cpnCKor YCTaHKa, 6p. 26-34 YHeo je
npeMa BYKOBHM 3aTIHCHMa (KIbHra III,
1823). Y BYKOBHM 3arrnCHMa 06jaBJbe
He cy H HeKe neCMe 0 60p6aMa 3a OCJIO
60l)elbe UpHe rope, aJIH ce y lberOllle
BOj 36HpQII Hana3e ~pyrailHje BapHj~H
Te, Hnp. TIepoBHh EaTpHh H ~p.
HeKe neCMe cy 6Hne paHHje IIITaMnaHe
y J1cwopuju UpHe rope, c. M. Capaj
JIHje, 3aTHM y lberoBoj IljeBaHuju
IIPHO'iOPClcoj U xep'leZOBa'llCoj H y
aJIMaHaxy, rpmma 1836.
.
HajBeliH ~eo ne.caMa, OKO. qeTj>~eceT,
lberOIll je npim nyT 06jaBHO. OHe
neBajY'.o 6p06aMa;3a OCJIoqol)elbe
UpHe rope, O~ nOqeTKa XVIII JJ. H
~aJl>e, Kao H 6<;>p6e 3a oCJI060l)elbe
Cp6:uje '3a BpeMe Kapal)opl)a. CBe
neCMe HHCY ~HCTO Hapo~He no noc
TalbY, HeKe je cneBao TIeTap I TIeTPo
pO~HHX

I.

I:
,I

I:,

I'

'I

"

p.n.

OMEP U MEPUMA. TparnqHH Jby

6aBHHqH, jYHal.\H jCAHe OA HajJIenlllHX H
Hajn03H11THjHx HapoAHHx 6aJIaAa,
CMPT OMepa H MepHMe (BYK I,
343-5). MajKa OM epa O)!{eHH Ha CHJIY
ApyroM ~eBojKOM: npBe Holm OH'
yMHpe, oCTaB~BIIIH MajQII nHcMo; yrJIe
'AaBIIIH ra MpTBor H Mep'HMa npecBH
cHe; caxpaHe HX y jeAaH rp06 HaA
KOjHM HHKHe APBehe H !.\Behe Kao CHM
60JI Be'IHTe Jby6aBH. OBO je n03HaT
HHTepHm~HOHaJIHH MOTHB H Y YCMeHoj
H y. nHcaHoj KlbH)KeBHOCTH; jaBJba ce y
'cpeAlboaeKOBHOM pOMaHY 0 M30JIAH H
TpHCTaHY. OBa 6aJIa~.a 3a6~ne)KeHa je
y BHllle OA CTO BapHjaHaTa; HajpaHHjH
jc 3anHC C nO'I. XVIII B. Y MHornM ce '
neCMaMa jaBJbajy 'H Apyra HMeHa
HecpehHHx AparHx: I1BaH, JOBa, JeJIH
Ha, Mapa. Y HapoAY ce neBa H BeOMa
cKpaheHa BapHjaHTa.oBe 6aJIaAe Kao
JIHpCKa l}eCMa.
p.n.

OnIDTA MECTA (rpq. Kotvol "t67tot,

JIaT.loci communes). TepM~ KOjHM cy .
ce y YCMeH9j, KlbmK;eBHoCTH H CI'HXP-, .'
BaHoj H np03Hoj; a ocofiHTO y enCKHM '
Hap'oAHHM neCMaMa, Q3HaqaBaJIH BeoMa pa3nH'IHTH nojMoBH: neJIOBH Malbe
HJIH BHUle pa3BHjeHH KOjH cy jenHaKH,
HJIH BPJIO CpOnHH C MHorHM npyrnM

. i

OCMEPAqKA EnCKA nECMA.

I1oce6HCI BpCTa HrpaqKe neCMe,

nocKO'lHlIe, y KOJIY, CHapaTHBHOM

C3AP)!{HHOM, Koja cc nCBaJIa Y3, y

npOlllJIOCTH OMHJbCHO, BeJIHKO jYHa

'IKO KOJIO. KO;ll Hac npC;IICTaBJba apxa

H'laH CJIoj. OnJIHKyje ce C3)!{eTOM cpop

MOM, KpaTKohoM H CHMeTpHqHHM CTH

XOM. 3allHCHBaHe cy y XVII, XVIII a

OC06HTO y XIX H XX B., Ha IIIHpOKOM

lIonpY'ljy cpnCKoxpBaTCKor HapOnHor

neBalba, a HajBHllle no npHMopjy rne cy

)KHBeJIH YCKOI.\H. OneBajy jYHaqKe H

IIpHnoBenHe TeMe; nOMHlbY HCTOPH

jCKC JIH'IHOCTH H ~oral)aje XIV H XV B.

(KpaJbeBHha MapKa, KHe3a JIa3apa,

MHJIOmB, nypl)a. YrpHHa J;iHKa, Ce

KyJIy, nCcnOTa BYKa, MBaHa KapJIo

BHha), jYHaKc xajnyqKe H YCKOqKe

(HoBaKa, fpyjHl~y. MBY CelbaHHHa,

I1JIHjy CMHJbaHHha), ayCTpHjcKo-rypc

Ka paTOIl<II-ba y XVII H XVIII B. Haj

6pojHHje cy y 06JIHKy MHTOJIOIIIKHX,

JICreHAapHHX H HOBeJIHCTHqKHX 6ana

na 0 CBeI.\HMa, 0 HaTnpHpOnHHM

6HhHMa H BC3H Jby~H C lbHMa ()!{eHHn6a

BHJIOM, 3H~albC rpana, MOCTa; 0 3Maje

BHMa H J(p.). EpOjHC cy neCMe 0

OnHOcHMa y nOpOnHI.\H (CMpT Jby6e .on

)l(aJIOCTH 3a BOjHOM, npeqa Jby6a 0;11

MajKe H CCCTpC. nponaja Jby6e, HaJIa

)KClbe cecTPe H 6paTa npen BeHqalbeM

.. H np.). TIo TCMaTHI.\H H CTpyKTypH,

OCMepa'IKa neCMa BeOMa je 6JIHCKa
MaKenoilcKHM H 6y~apCKI1M enCKHM
nCCMaMa.

neCMaMa H' lbHXOBHM BapHjaHTaMa;

3aTHM, nOHaBJbalba Koja ce Mory
jaBJbaTH Ha TeMaTcKo-cIDKejHoM nna
Hy, Kao H YMCTHHqKO-H3pa)!{ajHoM
(Hnp. CH3)!{aH jYHaK 6al.\a non 06JIaKe
6Y3;11oBaH H Ha PYKC ra ;IIOqeKyje; npe
HO IIITO KpeHY y 60j, jYHaQII nHjy BHHO
H pa3roBapajy; n03HBajyhH y 60j, jYHaK
lllaJbe KlbHre npHjaTeJbHMa, no HC
TOM ce peny H oKynJbajy; Mer~aH ce no
penY ynOTpe6e opy)!{ja onBHja; jYHaK
ca yrpa6JbeHOM neBojKoM 6e)KH H ycne
na nOTepy CaBJIana; npopo'IKH caH 0
He6y H 3Be3naMa YBeK npencKa3yje
nOrH6Hjy; raBpaHH nOHoce 3JIe BeCTH).
Y CTaJbeHH CTHXOBH, 'leCTO y n~eM
HH3y, nOHaBJbajy ce npH onHcy jYHaqKe
onpeMe H op~ja, HaqHHa 06JIaqelba, a
HapOqHTO neBojaqKe JIenOTe, Koja ce
H3HOCH nOHaBJbalbeM y n03HaTHM
MeTacpopaMa (Koca - KHTa H6pHIIIHMa,
O'IB - nBa npara KaMeHa, YCTa - KYTHja
llleliepa, 3y6H - nBa HH3a 6Hcepa, Kan
rOBopH - Kao na roJIy6 ryqe): CTaJIHH
6pojeBH (Hnp. 3,7, 9), YCTaJbeHH ;IIC
JIOBH peqeHHl.\e H nojenHHe CHHTarMe
(qapHa ropa, Beplia Jby6a H ~p.).
YnoTpe6a. ~>onlllTHX MeCTa y Halloj
HaYl.\H a. KlbIDKeBHOCTH nocMaTpaHa je
ca nBa caCBHM cynpoTHa CTaHOBHIIITa.
TIQ jellHOM, OTIlllTa ,MeCTa I)rIIIe noe
3Hjy, no npyroM, HMajy YMeTHHqKY
BpenHOCT. CylllTHHa lbHXOBor noCTO
jalba, MeIjYTHM, JIe)!{H y lbHXOBOj YJI03H
.y. c:rBapalbY H OnpxmBalbY YCMeHe
TPanH~Hje.
B. Mooell; MoiliuB; 4JopMYlla; CileBa
e.afbe; I1MupoBu3alluja.

OCTOJU'F.t, THXOMHP (1865-1921),

KlbIDKeBHH HCTopH'lap. q,HJI030CPCKH
cpaKYJlTeT 3aBpIIIH0 y EynHMnelllTH,
~OKTopHpao y Ee'IY. EHo }e npocpecop
rHMHa3Hjc y HOBOM Cany H ceKpeTap
MaTHl.\e cpncKe; Kao H npocp~cop
il>H-1I03ocpcKor cpaKYJITeTa y. CKOnJbY. '
HaJ3HatJaj':llij~ cy My neJIa 0 ,!1;ocHTejy .
06panOBlihy H ;3'axapHjy OpcpeJI~., ...
3a'le'ffuiK je H3Y'I3Balba cpnCKe rpa
ljaHcKe JIHpHKe XVIII H XIX BeKa.
KlbHry jc lioCJIe lbe~oBe CMpTH npHBeo'
Kpajy H o6jaBHo BJIanHMHp nopoBHli
(CpiicKa zpa!JollCICQ llupuICa XVIII U

179

178
.:'

[iii
'1 [

1
\1

'I

~ f'

lij

OPJIOB~n nABJIE. JYHaK H3 KO

COBCKPr Kpyra paTHHKa, HCTOPHjclOi
Hen03HaT; no neCMaMa 6apjaKTap I.\apa '
JIa3apa, ~ora TelllKO palbeHo.r Ha pa3
60jHl?TY' HaJIa3H KocoBKa l;1eaOjKa.
(BYK .II/51).. OH' joj Ka3yje nonBHre y
60jy If. .CMpT .ITOknHHHX jYHI;IKa, .oc6~
6H!I'O :neno 0 bOlllKY JyrbBHhy. TIo
HaponHoj TpanHQlljH, HeKa TIJIeMella y
UPHOj fOpH CMaTPajy ra pOnOHa~eJIHHKOM.

p.n.

:~ ({

ii'i

p,n,

p.n.

~:. !!

,,>~

'I:

I;

~:i

.'1'11~
11

h'

~;

XIX aelCa, 1924). EaBHo ce H3naBaH:.eM

36HpKH HapO):lH1iX necaMa (T3B. KH:.H
re 3a HapOn, Y R3):1aH:.Y MaTRn;e cpn
CKe); Ha'IRHRO je nOKynraj CTBapaH:.a
HapOnHor ena 0 KOCOBCKOM 60jy
KOCOBO.

P.n.

OXPH.lJ.. qeCT JIOKaJIRTeT Y JIHpCKHM

HapOnHRM neCMaMa c nonpY'lja MaKe
nOHRje. JaBJba ce Y enCKOM neBaH:.Y Kao
cTBapHa OnpenHHl~a 3a MeCTO Ha
je3epy. rne enCKH jYHaK, HIlp. MapKo
KpaJheBHfi, OnJIa3R no pH6y 3a KPCHO
RMe. Y CTapRjRM enCKHM HapOnHRM
neCMaMa, 3a6ene)KeHHM no'l. XVIII B.,
jaBJha ce jYHaK MHJIOW OpH~aHHH
(EpJIaHreHCKH PYKOIlHC 50), KOjH CJ1Y
)K6y CJI~H Y BojBone J aHKa; OTMe H

nOBene JaHKouy ceCTpy, 3aTHM ra

CTH)Ke nOTepa H neCMa ce 3aBplliH cpe
hHo, Te MHJIOlII one 6:HjeJIY OxpRny.
OecMa YMHoroM nonceha Ha enCKe
)KeHHn6e YCKO'IKRX jYHaKa; Y 6yrap
lliTHuaMa, neCMa EaH MHJ10W H cec
Tpa CekYJIOBa (EorHwHh, 6p. 18)
HCTor je THna, nonpa3YMeBajyhH 3aKO
HHTOCT oyrapIlITH'IKor neBalba; lIMe
jYHaKa je MHJIOm OXpHH:.aHRH, OXPHH
CKR 6aH H CJI., aJIH je Y 3aBpwHoM
CTHXY T~l'laH Ha3HB rpana y OxpRny
oHjeJIOMY. 11 y BYKOBHM 3anHCHMa,
Me~y neCMaMa Koje HHje 3a )KHBOTa
UlTaMnao, jaBJha ce y 6aJIanaMa H en
CKHM oeCMaMa .iYHaK MHJ10W OpH~a
HHH (pKIl. KH:.. I, op. 262), MHJ10W MJIan
OpH~aHHH, y3 cpncKor uapa CTecpaHa
(pKn. II, op. 18).
p.n.

n
nAJIABECTPA,

nABIfliEBlffi., MBJiyU (1879-1947),

cKynJha'l aHarnOTa, yrJIanHOM H3 QpHe
fope H XepueroBHHe; BeOMa HeKpH
TH'laH. Ca6pao je MaJIH 6poj aYTeH
TH'lHHX HapOnHRX aHernOTa paTHH
'lKo-naTpRjapXaJIHOr THoa; BehHay je
caM caCTaBRO. 06jaBHo je nBaneceT
neT KlbRra non 3ajenHH'lKIIM HaCJ10BOM
[JPHOZOPI4U Y UpU'l.a.M.a U aHezooiiia.M.a
(1928-1940); [JPflOZOPCICO upaaocylje
U ilpa8Ho cX8aiiiafbe y aHezooiiiaMa
(1933); [JPHOZOPCICU XyMOp U /UaJla
(1934); rycJlapclCe HapooHe iljecMe
(1939),0 60p6aMa 3a 0CJ1060~eH:.e, ca
YBOnOM M. MypKa.
I'.n.

:nABJIUHOBIffi.. MUXOBUJI (1831

1887), nOJIHTH'Iap Ii KH:.IDKeBHHK, no
KpeTa'l HaponHor JIRCTa (11 Nazio
nale) 1862. y 3anpy. 3aJIarao ce 3a.
6y~elbe Han;HoHaJIHe CBeCTH, ynoTpe6y
HapoJ\BOr je3HKa H xpBaTcKocpncKo
jenHHCTBO. CaKynJhaO HaponHe neCMe
(OKO . 1500 necaMa npenao MaTHuH
xpBaTCKoj 1876) y.,IlaJIMaUlljH, EOCHH H'
XepueroBHHH, 3aroHcTKe,' n0CJ10BHUe,
TC OKO 50000 pe'!H 3a Pje'l.HulC JA3Y.
p.n.

nAKAJIO. ,IloBHTJhHBaU HCTO'lHe Cpo

6Hje (PYMYHcKor H BJI8WKOr eJIeMeH
Ta). TIpe~aH:.a 0 if,eMy xaayjy na je Ii.3
TypcKe IVm TpaKHje. liMe je n06Ho U~
.. BeJIHK}IM F;:b-nRMa Ha He6y.- Kofa ce"
Ha3HBajY'n TIaKalIOBo KOJIo. 3a H.Cra
ce Be3yjy n03HaTH HHTepHaUllOHaJIHH
MOTHBH, Kao H 3a Epy, Hacpal\HHa H
npyre WaJhHBue.

."

BJlajKo (1929
1991), HCTpa)KHBatl )KHBOTa H oOH'Iaja
HapOna Kao R HapOnHe KlbIDKeBHOCTH,
ooce6Ho npHnonenaKa H npenalba; eT
HOJIOr, HCTopHtlap, apxeoJIor H HCTO
pHtlap KH,H)KeBHOCTH. PaAHo Ha Tepe
HY EocHe H XepueroBHHe. 3Ha'lajHe cy
My pacllpane 0 CTapHM HaCeJhRMa,
CTaHOBHHIIlTBY H HCTOPHjCKOj Tono
rpacpHjH. Oopen TepeHCKor OeJIe)KeH:.a
npHnOBCltaKa (KyopewKo nOJhe, ja
.jatIKH CPC3, EHJITeH :mIcl>, 1953; HeYM
Ii OKOJIHHII, f3M, 1959; JIHBaH:.CKO no
Jhe, f3M, 1961; HMJhaHR 1962, )Kena
1964, CTOJIaU 1966. JIHwT~a 1976), H
Me~YHaponHe KaTaJIOrH3auHje, npo- .
Y'laBa HX Kao cpenCTBO 3a HCTP8)KR
BaH:.e HHTepeTHHtIKHX' OnHoca (Pan
KOHI'peca Ycl>J 1960; Ibid., 1971). y'
cTynHjaMCl 0 npCnaH,HMa nOBe3yje
KH:.R)KenHO-HCToPHjcKH ca eTHOJIOW
KO-CPOJIKJIOPHCTH'IKHM MeTOnaMa (0
HapOnHliM npenaH:.HMa, Hnp. Y f3M
3a 1978; Y 'IJIaHKY HapoOHa ilpeoafba 0
3ai1i8opeHtlM uaaopllMa, Haw KPW,
CapajeBo 1979).
p.n.

...

.,

nAHIfIi CYPEn, MUJlopap; (1912

1968), KH'H~eBHJ;lK, neCHHK, ecejHCT,
liCTp8)KHna'l YMCTHOCTH H CTape cpu
CKe apXH:reKType. ilpoY'laBao Haponay
KH:.H)KeBHOCT, oc06HTO enCKe neCMe C
TeMaTtlKoM.O npaoM cpn~KoM YCTaHKY.
lberOBa M<?Horpaqrnja' <PUJlUU Bu,w.
fbUh, [ieC,,!U,K 6Y1le (1956)., AOI<YMeHTo
. BaHa je' It HcqpiIHa ctyriHja q' 'OBQM
gYKOBOt~1 neaatlY; 06jaBHo je aHT0J10
rHjy HalllHX HapO):\HHX npHUOBenaKa H
npeBOl\ C pYCKPr jYHa'lKor cneBa

H. M.-n.

180

CJloao 0 itOJlICY I1zopoey (1957).

p.n.

181

nAHTH'Ii, MHpOCJIaB (pOI]CH 1926),

OKp~yjc (BeCCJlOBcKH). AHaJIorHoM
palllboM I1I1H CTalbCM oojamlbaBa
KlbH:lKeBHH HCTOp"Qap, npotPecop
<I>HnOJIOIIIKOr (j>aKynTcTa Y EcorpaAY,
ynopenHy paJ{H,y HJlH CTaJ:be. Ynopc
'UlaH CAHY. TIpoy'!aBa CTapHjy KJ:bH
l]yjyt'iH IIBC pa3J1H'IHTe rrojaBe OTKpHBa
}!(CBHOer ,Uy6poBHHKa, ,UanMalUfjc H
H>HXOee CJIWIHOCTH HJIH cynpoTHOCTH;
BOKC KOTOPCKC, oCJIalbajyhH cc Ha
y YCMcHo-YMe'fHH'IKOM CHCTeMy CJly
apxHBcKa HCTpa}!(HBalba (noKTopcKa
}!(H HMllpOBH3aI{H,iH. AonpHHocH noc
):IHccpTalUfja Ce6aciilujaH CJ/,aoe-,l!oJ/,
rynHocTH pa3Boja pa):llbe, ycnopaBa jc;

11 BCOMa CJIO}!(CHa, CHa}!(Ha ocehalba,

ynpaBo 3aTO mTO ce y BefiHHH HamHX
JIHpCKHX nccaMa HC HCKa3yjy OTBopeHO
H HcnocpcnHO, H3p8}!(aBajy ce ynope):{
HHM - aHanOrHHM ):lOral]albcM, jC):lHOC
TaBHHM H n03HaTHM. HmOM KOHTPaCT
HHX napaJlCJlH3aMa nCCMa hc no'!apaTH
nCHJ{H'IKY Y3HCMHpeHOCT H (j>H3H'IKY
llaTH;.Y y lliY):lCKOj }!(YAlbH.

'lU, oy6p08a'lKU 6uozpap XV/l/ ae/Ca,

1957). EaBH cc rrpOY'!SBaJ:bCM HapOnHe

iIii

YCJIOBlliana paeTanJhalbe TCKCTa Ha

KOMrr03HJ\HOHC neJIOBe, anH TC ):lenOBe
KJ:bH}!{CBHOCTH y CTapHjHM 3anHCHMa
rroBc3yje. ilojaBlliyje ce Kao HcrrOT
AO nojaBc BYKa Kapal,mha. Kao H
UyHO nOHaBJhalbe Ha CBHM HHBOHMa
O):lHOCOM YCMCHC H mfcaHe KlbH}!{CBHD
YMCTHH'IKOr TeKCT!I, Kao 3By'lHa H rpa
CTH: ,l!8a upUAoza UciilpfDICU8aH,y Hawe
MSTH'IKa (j>Hrypa, CHHOHHMH'!Ha H
HapooHe U YMeiilHU'l/Ce /CH,UJlCe8HOCiilu
SHTHHOMH'IHS KOHCTpYKQHja, Kao KOM
y upouuwciilu (1954), lyzoCA08eHc/Ca
n03HQHOHH MOnCJI. MaXOM 3aBHCHO on
/CH,UJlCe8HOciil U YCMeHa /CH,UJlCe8HOciil
BpCTC.
,
00 XV 00 XVlll 8e/Ca (1963), Pao Ha
Y JlHPCKOj rroe3HjH MOry ce y rrapa
upoY'la8aH,y upeo8y/C08c/Ce HapooHe
JlCJlH3MHMS npCII03HaTH OCTalUf HMH
uoe3uje /Coo lyzocJ/,08eHa (1972), TlpoTSTHBHC MarHje, npCMa KOjoj 06aBJha
6J/,eM XacaHazuHUlle y 3aUUCUMa
J:bC ynopCJ\HC aHaJlOrHC pa):llbC nOMa
H8aHa Mewiilp08uha U Maiiluje Myp
}!(C OCTIlllPHB8lbY }!(eJhCHOr 36HBaJ:ba:
/Ca (1975), KHe3 JIa3ap U /cOC08c/Ca
Hnp.,
KpcTalbC nOnOJIa Kp03 ceJIO'
6uiil/Ca y ciilapoj /CH,UJlCe8HOciilu ,l!y
nYTOBalbY 06J1aKU H nOJlaCKY KHIIIC:
,6p08Hu/Ca U Bo/Ce Koiilopc/Ce (1975),

KOlbO 800UM, iiewe OOUM,

'lU3Me HOCUM, a 60c OOUM,
lle6a HOCUM, a 21l00aH CaM,
aooy zaaUM, a JlCeOaH caM..
(BYK 11338)

11CKa3HBalbCM CnOJhallllbC ynopcn He

paAlbC, HapaQHjoM 0 CnOHTaHOM Pa3
BHjalby npHpOAHHX rrpoQcca Y OKOJlH
HH Koja ra OKpy}!(yje, nCBa'! he H3pa3H
TH HaAOJla3aK H pacT occhalba, a
npHpoAHH aM6HjeHT npeTBopHfic y
YMCTHl{qKH npoCTop H BPCMC:
Caoux jellY Ha iiIlaHuHY;
iipecaolix je JlCyiUOM 'OY1bOM,
HaBpHYx joj JlCy60p-aooy,
ciiluaux ciUjia:IKY .MJlIJoY MOMy.
He uoxiiiaMo aa ZoOtlHy,

Mil t/t)e.MO tipeKo cella,

Pa8aHU1!a y HapOOlloj ueCMU (1981).

II I)Ot)", ()m)oJ1e!

OTKPHO je noca):l HajCTapHjH nparoQeH

3aIIHC crrCKC HapO):lHc neCMC H3 1497:

A "filllJlltt iipeKo /levu

() ()m)o. ,)m)olle!
A Mil 6p,1/(e, ofillaK fip:)((ei

HeUo31laiila 6yzapwiilui,a 0 oecuoiily

'Eypby u Cu6uH>allullY laH/cy U3 XV
'8e/Ca (1977). TIpHp~nHO je aHTOJIOrnjy

(By.

on rr03HaTHX H HOBOOTKPHBCHHX CTa

pHX HapO):lHHX nccaMa, ca YBOnHOM

crmHjOM: Hapoolle ueCMe y 3aUUCUMa
XV-XVlll 6e/Ca (1964). OCTanH pano
BH: H3 /CH,UJlCe6Ile up0lU.Aociilu, CK3,
KOJIO 71, Klb; 476; Ca6paHa ):lcna BYKa

Kapal,lHha, Klb. IX, Cpuc/Ce llapoolle

UoCA06Ulle, rrpHpe):lHo H HanHcao npc):l
rOBop; ):(ena Byxa KapaI,IHha, Klb. 6,

Cpuc/Ce llapOOHe upuu08ujeiil/Ce (1967),

Cpilc/Ce ilapooHe UOCJ/,08Ulje (1969), H

np.

182

Cei'JIlax KOH>a, iio~ox iiluMO

6Jl1)((' iiofillUJKe, ii'pufillUJKUX ceo
Kaoa i>o~ox HI.I iiIlaHUHY,
all' He MOZ~ iipuciUyiiuiUu
00 Mupuca JlCyiUe OYfbe,
00 aalloaa :lKy60p-aooit,
00 A>eiioiUe .MIlOOe MOMe

TIpHponHS, Hc6eCKa nojaBa yrropcI}yje

ce ca OB03CMallicKOM CBaKO):IHCBHQOM,

y aHHMHCTH'IKOM. MHTOJIOIIIKOM CXBa

,TalbY CBCTa:

(~YK ~/501)

Oty ce Hr:VO 31l1!3{)aMa.

a PUBHO aO/be oll/It/Ma,

(By. 11237)

YnopCnHO 36HBSlbC. HapO''1HTO YYBOn

. HHM CTf!XOBHMa nHpCKC rroe3Hjc, H1>fa
.
.
nBOcTpYKY ynory :- na yncnc' rnaBHC
nAgA.JIEJIH3~M. JC):laH O):l' Hajera-' HOCHOQC pa):llbC H n~. rrpHPJi:~ ca.M:y
PHjux C!HJUlCTH'lKHX np~a 1P0n.li:.;
. p~nlby: '
.
, "
.

JIOpHOr CTBapalba. TIpC):lCTaBJh& aK-' .'

.

TimHO nopcI}elbC. HaCTajc jom Kao

. CYHI4e HaM je Ha allXI)()Y fipao he HaM aaA'

nOCJICnHQa aHHMHCTH'lKOr rrorJIc):la Ha

a HeHjeciTiu Ha m7xOI)Y fipao he HaM iioA'.

CBCT - Kao rrpojc~Hja corrCTBCHHX

, ocefialba QOBeKa Ha npHpo;n;y Koja ra

(BYK 1159)
p. n.

-----_.--------------------------

IIlS7)

llHTaBC KOHCTpYKQHje JlHPCKHX ncca

Ma MOry ce 3aCHHBaTH Ha KOHTpaCTHHM
napaneJIH~MHMa, npe):lCTaBJhajyfiH no

TnYHO cnajainc Ca):lp}!(HHe H (j>.opMe:

'1

EaJlaAC 0 CMP'J'H Jlpare H nparorJ ca3

ASHe cy Ha )~BOCTpyKoM HaH3MCHH
'IHOM napancJlH3MY CrrOJhHHX 36HBalba
- Koja cc TPaHCl10HYrY Ha YHYTaplbH,
lICHXOJIOIllKH H eMOTHBHH rrJlaH:
YMpU f)pllza. ,)otIKaH y cy60iUy
ja fly jYHlIK paHo y Hef)eIbY.
JIBa ce f)plIZlI fJPIlO .MIIIlOfJalla
fla jel)Hoj ce HOf)U YMIl6alll.l,
Ka() OMep" Of) 1)IlOpll iilmeUle,
tTtl/f)a Mepy y cam)YK di.yciUuUle.
Kal) OMepli Ha 2:P(}VJhI! r)OHeUle,
iiim)a Mepy Of) f)Il{}pa filmeUle.
Ku) OMeplI 3e.M.ll>IIl10M ilocyUle,
tTta,)lI Mepy y paKY ciiyciUuUle.

Y cncKoj nc03HjH napaneJIH3aM je

OCHOBHO CPCIICTBO BC3HBaJ:ba CTH
XOBa, jeJ\llH OJ\ Haj'lclllhHX rrocrynaKa
nOCTCKe CHHTaKTHXC. TIojaBJhyjc ce y
pacnOHY on 3BY'IHHX AO rpaMaTH'lKHX
(j>Hrypa. )J.CJlyjyhH rrpeKo acoQHjaQHja,
I10Kpcfie IlCHXOJlOIIIKC MexaHH3MC.
,
BHHapHH rpaMsTH'IKH rrapanCJIH3aM
OCTaBJhlljyfiH YTHC8K CTHJlCKC paBHo
TC}!(C, y ):ly6JhCM, MHcaOHOM CJIojy
yCKJIal]yjc 3Ha'Jaj yrropcAo yncAcHHX
JlHKOBa, noral]aja H CTalba. TaKo Hnp.
Ha CHHTllKCH'IHOM nSpaJICJIH3MY - ):lo
CJlCnHO (j>opMHpaHH CTHXOBH 6Horpa
(j>Hjc KpaJhCBHha Mapx!l H Myce
Kccel,mjc - rrpC):l McrnaH, ):lapyjy 6y):ly
hoj CllCHH HeH3BCCHOCT HCXOna H noja
'laBsjy HarrCTOCT, H3 Pa3HOPOAHOCTH
jYHaK~, pal]ajyhH aHaJlornjy lbHXOBC
enCKC, BHTelllKC 13PCAHOCTH:
A,w iii' II jedft pIII)//lla KpalbUllp
, flt 'lUpl)aKY Hit MeK)! f)YUteKY,
y 'lttciiiy !Tte CfJlIllY aamljalla
a allahalloM JIC,lII/OM fioHujallQ
, m)paHtlllU .M!!{)OM II wehepoM,

M.!iao Me iipoqt, 31.1 ciUapa Me oajy

Ciiiap je aojHo iUpYlla JuaoptIHa:

. ajeiiiap oYB4\jaaopuHY IbYIbll,

KU/U.fl uoe, jaaopwUl iUpYHe:
Mllao je aojko pY:IKil HaiiyuUIla:
BjeiUap oyaa, pY:IKa ce pa3Buja, .
Q 00 Kuwe 6uaa Becelluja,
cyHt4e cuja, OHa PY.MeHUju!

---------~~---~-----------~------A MeHe }e JhyiUa ApHlIyiUKa

Ki)() (J/llltl" Ita iillO'1ll dUYI)eHoj,

y t'PHY Ale (:fiiPYKY 31llujalla,

t Kyt'iltHiJ.A1 1l03f}:M iioHlljalla, .

m)paHlIllli CKp(}fiOM ()1lL'eHujeM.

13HIllCCTPYKO nOH81llliaJ:bC rrapanenm

Ma Haj'lcmhe ACJlyjc CBOjHM yHyTap

(BYK 11392)

183

lbHM 3Ha'lelbeM H npeKO KJIHMaKCa.

TpH H3BaHpeJ(Ha OIrnCa TpHjy Y3aCTOn
FmX OHTaKa, Koje y caMpTHOM 'lacy

I-bHXOBHX YHYTapl-bHX, MHcaOHHX TOKO

nAqltJEHUA, Poljepo J(e (Rogero

sa.

de Pacienza), HTmmjaHcKH neCHHK H3

XV B., HajpaHHjH n03HaT 3anHCHBa'l

Celbamm MBO naje CBOjOj MajUH, npe)l

Jbeity utelii'I>Y iimueliia MUilUEja

Harne enCKe HaponHe neeMe.

CTaBJbajy TpH napaJIeJIHe CJIHKe

nOTepe. AHHaMH'lHOCT HM J(aje npOMe
Ha Ha JIeKCH'lKOM HHBOY, y3 paBHOMep
HO nOHaBJbaIbe 'lHTaBHX ceKBeHIJ;H CTH
XOBa, a y OKBHPY CHHTaKCH'lKHX napa
JIeJIH3aMa:

/lU3UpOIlIllI1l,

/II OHU Mil meifiullle IlIllU1be2 bo'ia

MO.lbtlUle.

R ByzapUl.iilulje.

Ty HaC ciUUJlCe U iip8Q iioAepa,

I~pnu K01bU, a '4PHU jynal(U,

iio jeoHoM ce auiUpOM iipeiiiypUCMO,

00 Hac HUKO He iioiu6e, MUjKO,

00 1bUX HUKO He ociiiaoe, MajKo;

iiiy HaC ciiiUJICe U opyia iiohepa

6jeJlu K01bU, a 6jem1bU jYHatjU

iio jeoHoM ce 8QiiipOM iipeiiiypuCMo

00 HaC HUKO He iioiu6e, MajKO,

00 1bUX HUKO ne oCiUaoe, MajKO;

iiiy HaC ciUu:;tCe U iiipeha iiohepa

I(pna CiUpYKa, a oy'ia'tKa iiymKa,

I1poMeHa Koja caJ(a H8CTaje Ha YHYTap

Ibe!d ceMaHTH'lKOM nJIaHY:
00 1bUX HUKO, MajKO, He iio'iu6e,
00 Hac HUKO, MajKO, ne. ociiiuoe,

J(OJIa3H, jOll BHlle J(O H3pax.::aja paBHO

MepHHM nOHaBJbaIbeM'JIeKCH'lKHX H
,CHHTaKCH'lKHX napaneJIH3aMa.
EyrapIIIT~e He caM:O nOceOHHM YBO.f.\
. HHM H. cnojHHM CTHXOBHMa, Beh H
caMOM ynoTpe60M HMnepcpeKTa Kao
Haj'lellhe KopHllheHHM rnarOJICKHM
06muwM, YKa3yjy Ha BpeMeHcKY' H
npocTopHY ynope.f.\HoCT J(9raljaIba:
Jomiiiep MJtaoa ojeaqjKa c ca'jeiiiJtujeM .

Kp'a.!OeM.20aopame, .
. .

A 'iociioOa ool)ome y 6jeJle oaope.

. '(Eao). ~,

. I1apaneJIH3aM J(06Hja THMe H CPYHKIJ;H

jy yBo~eIba JIHKOBa H CJI}')KH neBaqy J(a
.OBJIaJ(a pa.f.\IboM Ha BHIIIe HHBoa. Beo
Ma CYIITHJIHy yJIory ):lOoHja YCKJIaIjH
BaIbeM CnOJbHlIX KpeTalha jYHaKa H

MaK.eOOHCK.uoili <pOAK../IOP, CKonje

H,M.-li.

H npeHQCHo~a HapQJ(He
neCMe JlHpCKe H enCKe, 6e3 HHCTpy
MeHTaJlHe HnH 'lellhe ca HHCTpYMeH
TaJlHOM npaTIbOM. Ha 3Ha'Iaj Hll;r(HBHJ(
yanHor TaJIeHTa neBa'la 3a HMnpo
BH3a~Hjy, yKa3ao je jow BYK Kapal,IHh:
KaKoro.f.\ llTO jenaH 'lOBeK Jbenme H
jacHHje rOBOpH oJ( npyrQra, TaKO
njecMe njeBa H Ka3yje. BYK je nQne~
JIHO neBa'le npeMa Ha'lHHY neBalba,
3.aTHM npeMa CQIJ;HjanHoj H eTHH'lKQj
cpenHHH. KacHHja pa3MaTpaIba 0 neBa...
'lHMa 6aBe ce IbHXQBHM HHnHBHAyaJl
HHM KapaKTepHCTHKaMa y OnHOCY Ha
KOJleKTHBHe 03HaKe neCMe.
H.M,-ll.

CTBapaQ~a

JlH3aM jc npHCYTaH Kao eKCIIJlHIJ;HTHH,

ynope.f.\HH MHcaOHH H eMOTHBHH nJlaH
36HBal-ba. Y rtHjanory C 6paTOM, Ko
COBKa J(CllojKa oTKpHBa HC06H'lHY BH
3Hjy:
Epe CUM tUlI ju, cediiplII(u, 'tYOHO 'tYoo
y2Jle()UJlu.
Moj

'lieno Mil tUII ie3ae ifipll 8UJ1e Ha iiipu

./beJbeffll.

Ono Mil tUlI nl/jccy iiipll 8UJ1e na iUpu

lbelbeHa
Hl!'io Mil ;till je3()e tTlPI( fiuHa Yipul/uha,
tTlI'll ()ofipII- jYHUKli.
Epe Mil tTllI ()UHlIC m)y HU iUaoje 20ciioocKe
02Jleoe..

TPH BHJle Ha TpH .JbeJbeHa (Kao 3no

Ko6Ha BH3Hja CMPTH), y CTBapH TpH
KOCOBCKa jYHaKa Ha KOIbHMa H y pea
nHCTH'IKOM TOKY panIbe TpH IbeHa npo
CHOl(a - lIoCTajy Ha nJl8HY HCTopHje H
noe3Hje TPH MpTBa xepoja - 'l.JHMe ce
nO'leTHa BH3Hja CMPTH nOTBpljyje (y
KocOBo ol\je3n~mH H y KOCOBY norHH
ym~). TpOCTpYKH napaneJlH3aM O):lBHja
ce TaKO y TpH CJIoja - Ha HHBOY acoIJ;H
. ja~HBHHX HCToPHjCKHx 36HBaIba, Ha
HHBOY TOKa panIbe H ua YHYTapIbeM
eMOTHBHOM nO)KHBJbajy' H onHOCY
JIHKOBa.
, . MCTo 'TOJI~KO 3Ha'lajaH H. y. npo3~M
BpCTaMa HaportHe YMeTHocTH pe'lH,
: .uapeJIH3aM ceo yrJIaBHO~ onBHja y.
nOMeHY C'l'pYKType, CJIY)KehH KOMn03H
1~H6HOj CHMeTpHjH: cynpoTCTaBJbaIbY
, 36HBaIba, CTaIba HJIH nOHallalha JIHKO
, Ba.
RM.-'S.

184

1981.

nEBA q. IIIHpH Ha3HB 3a YCMeHor

6yrapUITHI~aMa, yonllTe, napaJle

I BYK 1134U...34S.

1980). TIpna KIbHra 836Qpa CTynHja H

ImaHaxa rnT8MnaHa non HaenOBOM

p.n.

(6/2)

la/aHIt, 1981); MflnellIeBCKOM CPOJlK

nopy 1I0cneTHO Qcny Kl-bHry (MAHY

nEnEJbYfA. JeUHa on Hajpacnpoc

TpaIbeHHjHx oajKH yonllTe. Kon Hac ce

MO)Ke HahH y CBHM BapHjaHTaMa n03
HaTor THlla (Aath 510) CBe no. naHac.
Hajno3HaTHjH HYKQB CQnCTBeHH 3anHC
110 cehaH,y H3 rteTHIbCTBa (BYK, 32),
HajKapaKTepHCTH'IHHjH je npHMep
IberoBC HAeaJIHC CTHJlH3aIJ;Hje npHtJe
H3 CeOCKI! cpenHHe. PaHHje 3a6ene)Ke
Ha BapHjnHTa J. Cy60THha (Cep6cKH
JleTOnHC, 1842), upeACTaBHHK je HeQ'"
'IHwheHor Y30pKa ca CBHM eJleMeHTH
Ma Ta'JHOr 6ene)KeIba BapowKor aM
oHjeHTa. Y CBHM npHnoBeTKaMa Hlpa...
)KeHa je HeJIHKa Jby6aB MajKe (Koja ce
OOH'IHO npeTBapa y KpaBY) npeMa
KhepH (HMeHoM Mapa), nQCTaBJbaIbe
nEHymJIltCKIt, KupuJI (pQIj'eH
HeH3BpIlIHBHX 3anaTaKa TIeneJl?yrH,
TpH OnmlCKa Ha CBe'JaHOCT, ynol
1912), jyrOCJIaBHCT, CPOJIKJIQPHCT, HC
TOpH'lap KIbH)KeBHQCTH, npQcpecop
HaBaIbe C ~apeBHheM H' rYOJbeIbe
HapQnHe KIblt)KeBHQCTH CKQnCKOr
nanY'IH~c, no Kojoj je KacHHje ~apeBHh
YHHBep3HTeTa. ~a:BH ce I,IojenHHHM
npoHana3H.I

HCTpax.::HBa'lHMa H cKynJbaqHMa MaKe

TIpHnoBcTKe 0. TIeneJbyrH 'leCTO ce
nQHCKe HapOnHe KIbIDKesHoCTH, CBHM
KOHTaMHHyjy C MOTHBHMa 0 nporaIba
. IbeFmM BpCTaMa H pa3J1H'lHTHM npooIby MJIaJ~c )KeHe 8 nOCJIe ynaje (Aath
JleMHMa HCTopHje H TeopHje CPOJlKJIQ
(03). B'eoMa je pacnpoCTpaIbeH H THn '0'
pa: MapKoM IJ,eneHKoBHM (Mmce
6e:>kaIby j~eBojKe' on Q'IeBe nO)Kyne
OOHCK.U HapooHu fipUK.aaHU, I-III,
. (Aath 510 E, BYK, 58).
CKQnje 1958-1959; MaK.eOOHCK.U Ha
H.M....'S:

POOHU YMoiil6o'p6u 60 oeceiil K.HUZU,

W72; C6eiiloiil Ha UpuK.a3Huiile, 1982),
CTecpaHoM BepKQBHheM (CiilefjJaH
BepK.06UK - ca6upa'l Ha M.aK.eOOHCKu
Hapo.oHu YMoiil60p6u, nQKTopCKa nH
cepTaIJ;Hja 1956; MaK.eOOHCK.t/. HapooHu
ilecHu' 1961), MHJla.f.\HHoBqHMa (npH
. 'npeMHo ca .A. MHTpeBHM H A.. Cna
COBm.t": 30qpHHK 1861-1961,. H KHuza.
ail MlUlaouHo61lU, ~'962, KIbHry 0 KOH
cTaHTHHY MHJlanHHQBY). 06jaBHQ
neceT KIbHra aHToJIornje no BpCTaMa

: Yn. lIaplljaH'~c: M. E':mjaHOIlllh. nnn 18~7; R.

Plohl-Hcruvig')v. IK6K: R. Strohal. HNP II H
III: ,~laKCJl<lllcKY lIaplijaHTY Mapa nenelhyra

"lIp.

flECME HA JEPEMltJltH AAH.

npOJIenHe .06peAHe neCMe 3aCHOBaHe'
HMHT8l'HBHOJ ,MarnjH. ne!l~jy ce
Y9<m npH3HHKa (13. !daja), YBeqe', y3
.nyny y rB03neHe npenMeTe. Haj...
pa3BHjeHHje Ha KOCOBY H MeToxHjH.
06pen Onp)KaBajy 3eMJbopaAHH~H H
CTO'IapH Kao OnOpaHY OJ( 3MHjcKor
yjena H 3MHjcKor napeIba.

., Ha

(MaK.eOOHCK.O HapooHo iil60peUl.iil60,

1968-1973; HapooHa lloeauja, 1964,
HapooHa ilpoaa, 1964, EpoiilcK.u upu-

185

JepeMuje y UO/be

EeJlCiiie ;[JMuje y lope

H3 "poor YCTaHKa BYK je 3a6eJIe:lKHO

1815. Y CpCMY, o~ qJWIlma BHIlllbMa,
JepeMuje y iiolbe

38 K~ HClnOMHlhC Aa HX je CBaKaKO
raoypuja y Mope...

C8M "BHlIIlhHft H cneBao; TO cy: lIo

if. M,-p'
'leT8K 6YHC npOTlfB AaxHja (B.), Eoj Ha
'tJoKemHHH, (B.) Eoj Ha CaJIamy, KHe3
IIECME HA MEDH, B. lIpuiloBeoHa
HBaH KHe:lKeBHft, Eoj Ha MHlIIapy (B.),
eilU1ca; ban.aOa.
MHJIOm C'TOjHftCBHh H Mexo 0PYn;IM,
Eoj Ha JI03HHliH, JIYKO JIa3apeBHh H
lIej30, EjCJIHh HrlbaTHje, XBaJIa qy
nECME HA P AHHJIY. 06peAHe
nHheB8, CTaHHH CTaHojJIO; KacHHje je
neCMe Koje ~eBojKe neaajy y 30py OKO
YTBpljeHo Aa cy Ty H neCMe JIa3ap
BaTpe Y KyhH WIH BaH lhe. H3BOAe ce Y
MYTan (B.) H ApanHH H Y3HMalhe
3HMCKOM nepHOAY (no EO:l!mliy), Ii Y
Y:lKM~a. BHllIlbHh, je :lKHBeO Meljy
npoJIehe (OA 2. MapTa AO 1. anpWIa).
YCTaHH'IKHM 60p~HMa H BoljaMa, 6HO
Be3yjy ce 3a Mamjy ramelba yrJbeBJha
je A06po 06aBCllITeH 0 36HBalbHMa,
H KYKypHKalbe npBHX neTJIOBa, C
8nH je Kao TaneHTOBaH neBa'l H A06ap
nelbalheM Ha KpOBOBe. MOTHBCKH
n03HaBaJIaq enCKe YCMeHe Tpa~HqHje
60raTe, npenmmy ce C Jby6aBHHM H
CTBapao YMeTHH'IKI;f ycnene enCKe
nopo~H'IHHM neCMaMa.
neCMe, KOpHCTeftH H3pa:lKajHa cpeA
H,M.-"ll.
CTBa H KOMn03HqHoHe cxeMe CTapHjHx
necaMa. OMHJbCH KOMn03HqHOHH OK
IIECME 0 EOPEAMA 3A OCJIO
BHp 0 rallpaHHMa, K06HHM rnaCOHorna
EODEILE CPEHJE. Kpyr encKHX
Ma, Y3HMa 3a neCMe Eoj Ha qOKernH
HapoAHUX necaMa Koje je BYK Kapa
HH, H Eoj Ha MHlIIapy; OKBHP 0
J,IHh .cBpCTao y' njeCMe iyuaqKe HOBH
jYHaqHMH KOjH llHjy BHHO H pa3rOBapa
jex BpeMeHa H 06jaBHo HX y IV KlbH3H
jy, KOPHC1'H Y neCMH Eoj Ha CaJIaIllY;
(1833, 1862). Y OBOM Kpyry HajBHlIIe ce
<l>oPMYnHH n03HB Y 60j KJIeTBOM jaBJba
oneBajy 60p6e y npBoM cpncKoM
ce Y neCMH Eoj Ha JI03HHqH; MernaH
YCTaHKY, yrJIaBHOM OHe Bo!'>eHe y
ca ApammOM KOPHCTH y neCMH 0
3aqaAHoj Cp6HjH, y Ma'iBU H y OKOJIH
JIajapy MYTallY; nHcalbe ,11 CJIalbe
HH Eeorp~a; y HCTO'lHHM AeJIOBMMa
KlbHra jYHaqHMH, panH OKYllJbalba
Cp6Hje Malbe 8Ma 3anMcaHHX enCKUX
Ha 60pny, ynoTpe6JbaBa y necMH,
necaMa HaKO je JIH'IHOCT XajAYK-BeJb
"XBana "lI'ynHHeBa anH je caMa neCMa
Ka. npHBJIaqWIa na:lKlhY HapOAHor
H3Y3eTHn no KOHqenqHjH neBll-'1eBoj.
neBaqa, aJIH BeliHHOM JIHpCKor.
He TOJIHKO Kao npOCJIaBJbalbe JYHa
lIoCJIeAlbHx Ae~eHHja XVIII B., Y ayc
lUTBa CTojaHa "lIynHfta, Beh Kao
TpO-TYPCKHM paTOBalbHMa Y'!eCTByje
H3y'3eTHO nCHXOJIOrnKO nOHHpalbe y
3HaTaH 6poj Cp6a (<I>pajKopH) KOjH ce
onpeljeH THn CJIaBOM nOHeTor paTHH
HCTH'Iy jYHaIIlTBOM (DOKO MHhaHo
Ka.- BHllIlhHheBa CHara ce OrJIena, He

13M, AJIeKCa HeHaAoBM, Kapaljoplje).

caMO y CJIHKalbY noje~'HHa'lHUX fiHKOBa

, Y Man.oj iipociUoHapoolboj CllaBeHO

paTHHKa, Beh H y. YOqaBalbY 'HCTOPH

cep6cICoj iijecHapUl~u (1814). BYK je

,jCKHX cycpeTalba, cYK06a CTapru: H

Meljy ocaM encKHX necaMa 06jaBHo H

HOBHX YCJIOBa Boljelha 60p6n npOTHB

.jenHY ~3 TUX BpeMeHa, 0 norn6HjH

: TypaKa, xaj~Y'lltor,' 'leTHor paTa H'

fyrne EyJby6ame, OA CTpaHe cpnCKUX

aKqHje oojcKe rnHpHX pa3Mepa H jenHH~

' ..<I>p<;ljKoplC Y HCTOj KlbH3H 06jaBHo je H ' "crBeHe KOMa~e ("Qoj :!fa '"-10I<:ernH
npBY. BapHjaHTY neCMe Eoj H~ MH"
HH). Y. CBeMY 'o'BOMe je "yMeTHWIKa .
mapy, oHaKo. KaKO jy je. CJIymao H
CHara H' nenOTa necaMa 0 60p6aMa 3a
3anaMTHO AOK je 6il:0 y Cp6HjH. HOBY,
oCJI060ljelbe Cp6Hje. lIeCMY Eoj Ha
ycneJIHjy BapHjaHTY 3anHcao je on
.l1.eJIHrpaAY BYK je 3a6eJIe:lKHO on
BHlIIlbMa. BehBBY necaMa 0 60p6aMa
CTapqa P81l1K8, Te ce npeTnOCTaBJba

186

na jy je OH H HcneBao, Y CJlaBY BojBoAe

lleTpa .l1.06plbQa.
Eop6e y npyroM cpnCKOM YCTaHKY,
orreBaHe cy y HelllTO MalheM 6pojy
necaMa, y BYKOBOj IV KlbH3H: Eoj Ha
KYKYTHHqH, "YCTaHaK KHe3a MHJlO
rna Ha TypKe, Eoj Ha qa'lKY, Cno
MeH ooja Ha KYKYTHHqH, HTn.
BYK je 3anHcao If TpH JllfpcKe HapOAHe
neCMe 0 36HBalbHMa H JIH'I]:lOCTHMa H3
npBor cpnCKor YCTaHKa (lIo'leTaK
6yue Ha AaxHje, MOJlHTBa Kapaljop
ljeBHqe, "AHTOHHjy EOrHfteBHhy,
oojBOnu ja,n:apcKoM (Klb. I, 684-686),
Koje cy BepoBaTHo cneBaHe TOKOM
YCTaHKa; Tpeoa 3ana3HTH na cy CBe
TpH, HaKO nHpcKe, y enCKlfM (TPQxe
jcKUM) neceTepqHMa_
p, ll,
llECME 0 I>OPEAMA 3A OCJIO
EO'BEIbE UPHE rOpE. OBe neCMe
BYK je cBpCTao Y njecMe jYHa'iKe
HOBHjUX BpeMeHa 0 BojeBalbY 3a eno
6ony, Y IV KlhH3H. YCTaHK,oM KpajeM
XVII B. TOKOM MopejcKor paTa, nO'lH
lhe OCJI060nHJIa'lKa 60p6a; a y XVIII H
XIX' B. BOne ce 6qpoe 3a nOJIHTH'IKY
eMaHqHna~Hjy on TypaKa, HaqHOHaJIHY
If COqHjaJlHY He3aBHCHoCT, CaBpeMeHY'
np:lK!'IBY, Y3.pYI\Ielbe nneMeHCKe H30nO
BaHOCTH. Eop6e cy HalIIJIe onjeKa y
Hapo,n:Hoj encKoj nOe3Hjlf ooor qHK
nyca, KOjH 06YXBa-ra noraljaje O~ noq.
XVIII B" .cB~ no Apyre nOll. XIX B. JyHaqH OBHX necaMa cy 6paha MapTHHOBHhH, BYK MHftYHOBM, JaHKO H Eor
,n:aH ,'ByparnKoBHh, BJla,n:HKa ,lJ,aHHJlO,
BYK MaHnYWlfh, EaTpHH lIepoBHh,'
HBaH lIonoBHh, JIa3ap lIeqHpen,
POraHOBlfh Typo, JIonyulHHa BYK, BYK
. KonpHBHqa, IiHKa~ on POBHHa.
OBe neCMe '1eero cy BepHO HCTOPlfjCKo-XpOHH'IapCKO Ka3HBalbe.o 6op6a
Ma H nOABH3HMa HCTaKHYTUX paTHHKa. .
)KHIlehH pemiTHBHO KpaTKO Y Hapony, "
on HaCTaHKa iIe,noq;eftHO nOMe. 361fBala~ y 3a6eneieHHM."BapHjaHTaMa TO'
cy Hajqernhe 'enCKe xpOHHKe C MaJIO

MOTHBCKor yoGnHlfaBalba. 3a OBe

neCMe BYK je peKaOn8 c~p:lKe BHlIIe
HCTopHje HO noe3Hje, rnTO je CBaKaKO

Y3poKonaHO lhHXOBOM ynoroM y cpe

AMHH rAe cy H3CTajaJIe H :lKHBene. O~
neCMe cc Tpa:lKHno oneBalhe nojenH
Ha'lHlIX IIora9aja H nO;lBlIra n03H8TlIX
jYHaKa Y 3aje):1HH'IKoj 60p61f, 'l)'Balbe
nOTnyHe HCTHHHTOCTH C nonylIITelheM
HemTO noxBanHHjer TOHa y oneBalbY
jYHalIITBa H xpa6pocTH; 3a oBaj Kpyr
enCKHX necaMa MHOro je Ba:lKHHja Hnej
Ha aHra:lKOBaHOCT on YMeTHHqKOr
y06nll'lal!alha.
lIecMe 0 oop6aMa 3a OCJIOooljelbe
UpHe fope, Koje je BYK 06jaBHo,
nOTH'IY on pa3nH'IHTHX neBaqa: T.
llonpyroBHfta, C. M. MapTHHOBHfta,
D. CpeA<lHOBHfta; HeKe MY je nocnao
BYK lIonoBHft PHllIlhaHlfH, Kao H caM
lherorn, 3a6eJIe:lKeHe OA neBaqa
Tonopa HKOBa.
lIecMe Cil OBOM l'eMaTHKOM o6jaBJbeHe
cy y lljeBQH.uju IIPH020PCICOj u Xepl!e
'loBQ'IlCoj'ly6pa '10jKOBuha (c. MWIYTHHOBHfta), y lheromeOOM 02AeOQAY
cpilclCoM (1845). Y Oooj KlbH3lf HaJIa3e
ce H HeKe on BapHjaHaTa n03HaTHX ne
C8Ma H3 BYKoBe IV KlbHre, Hnp. jeAHa
on HajJIenllIHX necaMa OBor Kpyra,
OCBeTa EaTpHft~ lIepOBMa H np.,
aim H 'II1TaB OM8lhH qHKJIyc necaMa 0
jYHaKY HHKl\Y on POBHHa (B.). Me!'>y
KojHMa ce nenOTOM HCTH'Ie CMPT
HHK~a o,n: POBHHa. "tJeCTa TeMa OBUX
necaMa, cy T3B. ynaplf Ha, oBqe,
oApeljeHa BpCTa 60p6H, KapaKTepH
CTIf'IHa 3a norpaHH'IHa nOAPY'!ja CTape
Xep~eroBHHe H UpHe fope, BpcTa
paTHH'IKor npHBpel}HBalha ca YHHlIITe
lheM HenpHjaTeJbcJ<or Jb.y,n:cTBa H
HMOBHHe. Kao :lKHBOTHa peaJlHja YHeTa
y necMY, npeTa'le ce y enCKH MOTHB,
npeMa 3aKOHHTOCTHMa enCKe YCMeHe
n<?eTHKe: OBa H npyra cBojCTBa necaMa
0 6qp6aMa 3a OCJI06o!5elbe UpHe fo
. pe, Hapo'lHTO AaHac npeMa lfCTOpHj. CKOj HCTHHH H encKoj TP~lfQHjH,

nonplfHoce'}rn03HaBalhy':reOPlfje YChle
. He-enCKe noe3Hje. .

'-

p, !l.

nECME 0 KOC"OBCKOM EOJY.

EncKe HapO):1He neCMe CTapHjux ape

MeHa, Koje cnanajy Meljy HajIl03HaTHje

181

H HajJIenIIIe C TeMOM 0 oojy npoTHB

TIECME 0 HOB-y. HOBHje CTBapaJIa
TypaKa. ?oj H31389. npe,l\CTaBJba OMH
IllTBO noc3Hje Koja ce neBaJIa. TIo Ha
JbeH npe)lMeT neB8lh8 II nplinOBe;O:8lha,
'iHHy nOCTaHKa H npeHomefbY, Kao H
.'1Hjy cH)I{ejHY OKocmu~y Hoce llBa
no YJl03H y ApYIllTay, H3jeAHa'lyje ce C
OCHOBHa MOTHBa: nO)lBHr n03HTHBHor
HapOnHOM neCMOM; no nopeK.JIy H
xepoja (MHJIOIII OOHJIHh) H H3,n:aja
neCHH'lKOM OOJIHKOBalhY, O,l\Baja ce 0,1\
HeI'aTHBHOI' jYHaKa (BYK EpaHKOBHh).
Hapo,n:HC. 'lJeCTo cy OBe crnxoBe CTBa
CIDKe je ynomyiheH oopa,n:OM MHornx,
paJIH oopa30BaHH JbY,l\H, HJIH n03HaTH
neCHHUH (E. 'noJlHh: EOJIHa JIe:>KH
y encKoj noe3HjH H ,l\pyrHX Hapo,n:a n03
HaTlU HHTepHaUHOHaJIHHX MOTHBa:
OMJIa,l\HHKa Mapa). TIecMe cy npeTe
cYKOO ceCTapa OKO npBeHCTBa; OKJIe~
:>KHO JIHpCKe HJIH oaJIa,l\e, a Mafbe en
CKe. TIo TCMaTHl\H npe CBera cy BeJaHe
BeTaH jYHaK H 3aaeT Ha no,n:BHr; Be'lepa
3a oopoy. peljc 3a JlH'lHa oceli.alha.
!Ipe,l\ O,!\Jly'IHO 30HBalhe; yxoljelhe He
BemlKHM OpojCM uecaMa 'HCKa3yje ce
npHjaTeJba; 3aBeTOBalhe Ha noopo
JbYOUB upeMa MapIIIaJIY THTy H
'IHHCTBO; 3aKaCHeJIH jYHaK H.CJI.
YCTaHH'IKHM BoljaMu; y TY:>KOanHuaMa
OBOM HCTOPHjH n03HaTOM oojy, y

ce onJlaKyje CMpT jYHaKa. Haj'leIII}m H

TPa]:IHI(HjH ce oopa30Bana JIereH].\a
HajoMHJI>eHHjH je nHCTHX pHMOBaHH
npe,l\alhe, npeMa 1f<lHac n03HaTHM 00
,n:eceTep!U\, KojH ce MO:>Ke nOBe3HBa!'H
caHHM H3BopHMa, yrnaBHoM KpajeM

y ,l\Y:>Ke cKynoae, Tj. y3 Hrpy Y KOJIy.

XV B. H ynOTlIYlheHa je TOKOM XVI B.

EnCKe IiCCMe CC TH'ly K8KBor 3Ha'Iaj

Ka,[\ cy ce YTBpnWIa H HMeHa jYHaKa. Y

HOI' 30HH!llha HJlH norHoHje jYHaK8.

nopeljelhY C nonYJIapHoIIIhy KOCOBCKe

Kpahe cy H BchHHOM y ,l\eCeTepuy C

TeMe Y Tpa,l\HUHjH. opoj necaMa je

PHMOM; KojH nyT ce H3pa:>KajHHM cpen

lioCTa MaJIH, alIH HX iiMa H Y .n:yrOM H y

CTBHMa H acoUHjallHjaMa OCJIalhajy Ha

KpaTKoM enCKOM CTHXY; OHe cy,n:OHeK

cTape CIICKe Hapo,l\He neCMe. TOKOM

JIe cIDKejHo nOBe3aHe, Te HeKe on lhHX

paTa H JlOCJIe, U1TaMnaHe cy 36RpKe

'1HHe je,n:ay BPCTY ella Y ManOM (Eorn

OBHX necaMa; ]1,0 HaUlHX ,l\aHa noje,l\HH

IIIHh, 1; BYK II, 44). IIITO je y HayI(H

IIH HaKHallHO cncBllBajy ,l\Y:>Ke neCMe

KpajeM npOIIIJIOr BeKa H3a3Bano na

xpOHHKe 0 ,l\oraljajHMa H jYllaUHMa H3

:>Kfby H nOKywaje CTBapafba KOCOBCKor

oopoe nojCJJ;HHHX KpajeBa, a '1eCTO H

ena (B. JIaaapul/a).

illTaMnajy y M<lfbHM KlhIDKHuaMa.

Y3 uapa JIa3apa, MWIOIIIa OowIHlia,

P.ll.
ByKa EpaHKOBHha, oBaj KPyr necaMa

OOYXBaTa MHore JIH'IHOCTH, II03HaTe H3

TIIj:CME 0 P Any. BpCTa' JIHPCKHX

HCTopHje, a JOIII BHme H3 HapO,l\He

necaMa Koje neBajy 0 TeIIIKOM :>KHBOTY

Tpa,[\HUHje: MYCHhil. CTeBaHa, TonmlUY

H pa,n:y CCJbaKOBOM: MMajy cOlIHjanHo

MHJIaHa. KocaH'IHha MBaHa, Cpljy

ooeJIe:>Kjc, YKa3y.iY Ha 'O,l\HOCe tPeyna

3JIonoI'Jleljy, PeJbY 0,1\ TIa3apa, EaBO

Bliha CTPaxHlhY, Jyra EornaHa, ,n:eBeT.

JIc,ua ('le!=To Ty.I)HHua) npeMa KMeT~
BHMa (pU31llfjeHc HUPO'IHTO y XpBaT
jYI'oBHha, uapHUY MHJI~~y, MajKY

CKoj, MaKc,I\oHHjH H CnoBeH.HjH).

JYI'oBliha, KOCOBKY ,l\eBOjKY H ,l\p'.

,UpyrH KOCOBCKH ooj, H3Meljy Yrapa H'

11.u fill HUIIIII CmUplt JHUJlU

TypaKa 144?,npe,l\MeT je .yrnaBHoM

KlIKHO je .llflllVbell>l!.

oYI'apIIITH'IKOr nej3afba. rJIaBHM cy'My

KYI) ~ll.l)elil'. KPYXU.L:Jly.7ICe, .

. jYHaI(H CHOHH>a~ JaHKO, :EaHoBHIi..

:caAII!.je ,.lIAteH,e..
CeKY.aa, ~HXaHJIO CBHl!ojeslih; HMajy
rl.g~ncc. (ip. 22}. .
HeK.e TeMaTCKe CPO,l\HOCTH CneCMaMa 0
MajUH JyroBHli.a, KOCOBKH. ~eBojUH H
MJIH Y j:\pyroj neCMH:
,n:p. OBa ,l\Ba KOCOBCKa Kpyra :>KHBehH
nyro y HapO,l\HOM neBafbY, Y3ajaMHo cy
My.7IC!!:K mUM II ioPltllll 171eJ/Ca
yrnuana je,l\aH Ha ,n:pym.

MyJ/CeK My Ju6uoaea oeM,

iUo My cee JaoociUa Nil,
ljelle JI!!:iUe ia cilllaityje,
cae My MY"'!!:K Haaao oa.
(tganec 6p. 3}

H.M.-1>
IIECME Y KOJIY (nOCKO'lHue, Hrpa
'IKe, Y3 KOJlO). YrJIaBHOM OCMepa'lKe
neCMe Koje y KOJIY oneBajy jyaa'lKe
3ro,l\e, ca ,l\OCTa HCTopHjcKe Ta'lHocrn.
TIOMHfbY n03HaTe jYHaKe XIV H XV B.
TJecro neBajy 0 xaj,l\YUHMa H YCKOUH
Ma, aJIH 06paljyjy H CTape MHTOJIOIIIKe
TeMe. TIo HeKHM npeTnOCTaBKaMa
. npenCTaBJbajy npeTXO,l\HHUe neceTe
pa'lKoj noe3HjH. PacnpocrpalbeHe cy
HapO'lHTO y ,UanMallHjH H ~PHOj rOpH,
HeKa,l\aIIIfbOj BOjHOj KpajHHH, Hero'I
HOj H jy:>KHoj CPOHjlL TIeBajy CaMO
MyIIIKH O,l\paCJIH, CTaJIHH njeBa'lH.
YaeK HMajy HaneB. Y KOJlY ce neBajy H
oyrapIIITHUe.

a zociioHeK ell C(!()U,

P.II.

188

Y HapO;O:Hoj neCMH je KYM HeoecKor

Ilapa,2 'IYBap 01\ He6eca KJbY'la, O1(
paja KJby'reBa.(. 'up:>KehH ce KaneH
,l\apa, neCMa MY napyje JIeTO (TIeT
POB,I\aH 29. VI). apytiHHY HnmeHnny.3
JenHa on OMH11>eHHX anoKpHtPHHX
TeMa y rroe3HjH oIlHcyje rpexoae MajKe
CB. TIeTpa, ,l\OK OH nOKYllJaBa ,l\a je
H3BY'le H3 naKJIa. 4
H.M.-"

I B. B. '-I ajKaHUllHh. CE3 XLI. Gp. 73. II CTp. 525;

M. oOIllKollllhSlullL Kroutische Volksmiir
('ilell. Gp. 3\1 II llapHjallTc Ha CTp. 313.
2 BYK 1/217
3 BYK J1112

4 BYK Vf22U; B. Kpacllh. CHn nall'leBO 1880;

BYK 1f2t1!!: ZNZO XXIX. 188, MX 1122, 41; F.
Kurclac, Jackc. 3m. 171. Gp. 488 II lip.

TIETEP KJIETIE~. JYHaK CJIOBeHa'I

KHX HapO.I(HHX npHnOBenaKa, CeJbaK
KojH ce CYIIPOTCT!lBJba couHjaJIHoj
HenpaB,I\H. Ha OCHOBY Hap01(He rpal)e,
B. OCM.epa'lKa eUcKa ilec.M.Cl; Syzap
o lheMy je IIHcao MBaH ~aHKap.

UlWUlje.
H.M.-'S.

H.M.-'S.
nECME Y3 P AJl, B. [JOClleHU'lKe

ilec.A(e.

\.
'1

nETPAHOBH'li, liol'OJJ.y6 Toocj)BJI,

. (1830-1887), Hal\HOHaJIHH pa,l\HHK,
cKynJba'l Hapo,l\HHX necaMa; oojaBHo je
TpH KlbHre rreC3Ma Cpuc1Ce HapooHe

ftjecMe 1t3 SOCll.e II Xepl/ezoBUHe (I K.lh.

IIETAP, CBeTB (y PIIMy pa3aneT Ha

KpCT 64), pHoap H3 KanepHaYMa, npo
nOBej:\HHK y Jy,l\ejH, fanHJlejH, Manoj
A:mjH, KOpH<l'ej ,l\BaHaecropHUe anoc
TOJIa, nHcal\ ,l\Bejy nOCJIaHHUa. Beo~a
OMHJbeH JIHK Hapo~HHX DpHnOBenaKa,
npe,l\afba H necaMa.
.
Y JIereHj:\apHoj npH'1R H npenalby
OOH'lHO ce nojaBJbyje Kao nyc:rHlhaK,
'npocjaK, npaTHJlau Oo:>KjH Ha OBOM
CBeTY rne HcnpooaBa 11>Y,l\CKO roCTO
npHMCTBO H ,n:OOPOTY~ Harpal)yje H
Ka:>KlbaBa, anH 6HBa. H caM Ka:>KH.eH.
)JpH'le
Be3H C'fbHM ,eCTO c:y XYMo
pHCT}J'iHor T9H~. Ha npeHonmnTY C
EorOM, 0,1\ nHj81lOr 'noMahmia ,l\Ba nyTa
n06Hja 6aTHHe. npeMewTajynH ceo y
nOCTeJbH (Aath 791); 06H'1HO je xana
llJbHB, BOJIH H ,l\a nOlmje,,n:06poHaMe
paH H HecnpeTaH) 3a fbera ce ae3yjy
MOTHBH W3.JbHBHX IIpH'la.

JIHpCKe neCMe, 1867; II K.lh. 1867. H III

Kfb. eIICKe, 1870). TpH 30HpK~ cy oera
JIe y PYKOIIHCY Y ApXHBy CAHY-:
OojaBHo je BHIIIe necaMa, Kao H IIpH
JIora H3 Hapo.I(HOr :>KHBOTa, no JIHC,To
BHMa H 'raCOIIHCHMa. Kao np~CTanHUa
Yje.I(HlheHe OMJla,l\HHe cpncKe, nO,l\B3a
lhe HallHOHaJlHe c~eCTH. KO,l\ Cpoa y
EOCHM H 'uQJlMauHjH HCTH'le' Kao QHJb
CBor.a pana. OBQ ce rroce6ao 0]tpa3HJIO
Ha enCKe HapO,l\He neCMe Koje je
OeJIe:>KHO H ,n:oOpHMneJlOM YCMe.paBao,
y'TOM rrpaBUY. "H!erOB' rr,eBa'1 I1JIHja
,UHBja~oBHn oH9je nHcMe~ 'IOBeK KOjH
je npeM? f1HcaHHM H.1l.H HcnpHiIoB~Aa- .
~HM H3BopHMa'CTBapao neCMe H,a fla-"
pO.I(Hy. TIeTpaHoBHIi. c!M8TPa tfuHKY
aHra:>KOaaHOM TBopeBHHoM '1HjH je
UHJb oyljefbe HaUHOHaJIHe CBeCTH.
30HpKa JIHPCKHX Hapo/UlHX necaMa je

189

Haj3Hat.zajHHja y fberOBOM CKYl1Jbat.zKOM

pa,lly: TO cy ayTeHTlf'IHH TeXCTOBM SM
me 0):1 TpH CTO'I'HHe necaMa, Mei)y KOjH
Ma je 3HaTaH 6poj H3Y3eTHe nenOTe.
p.n.

nETPHUA KEPEMnYX. illaJbHB

qllHa H3 KajKaBcKe xpsaTCKe nyqKe H
YCMeHe KfbIDKeSHOCTH. HMa oc06eHoc
TH HeMaqKOr M3pyrHSa'Ia THJIa OjneH
mnHrena. lberoB nHK je ynOTpe6Ho M.
Kpne}l(a y neny SaJlaoe IieiiipU1le
KepeMuyxa, HarnaCHllWH fberoBY
ynory n06YfbeHHKa npoTHB I\pKBe H
nplKaBe.
H.M.-p.

I1ETPOBHn, BeJbKO, Xaj]Q'K BeJbKO

(y. 1813), jYHaK npBor cpncKor YCTaH
Ka; OMHJbeH paTHHK 0 qHjHM nOABH
3HMa }l(HSH 60raTa npo3Ha TpaAHIQIja.
Y enCKHM neCMaMa je Mafbe oneBaH,
o6HqHO Mel)y HCTaICHYTHM Kapal)op
l)eBHM BOjBonaMa, 3aTOqHHK Ha Mer
AaHY, 6opa~ npH ocn0609efby Beo
rpaAa, Y icaCHHje 3a6ene}l(elmM neCMa
l4a oneBa ce Kao 6paHHJIa~ HeroTHHa.
fbeMY BHme neBajy nHp~Ke Hapo:n;He
iIeCMe, anH H. OHe oneBajyhH fberoBY
paTHH'lKy cnaBy. OneBajy ra H Hapo
:n;He neCM~ PyMYHa' H Byrapa.

p.n.

nE'lAJIBAPCKE nECME. ITOABP

CTa nop.o)J;H'lHHX (B.) HapOnHHX neca
Ma, nHpCKHX HJIH 6ananH'IHHX, Hajpac
npocTpafbeHHja y jJ)l(HOj Cp6HjH H
MaKenoHHjH. Onesa -ryry nopo:n;H'lHHX
paCTaHaKa, MYKOTpIiHH Onna3aK 3a
3apa;!lOM, qeCTO TparH'laH 3aBpweTaK
}l(HBOTa y ry9HHH. llpO}l(eTa je ene
. MeHTHMa Jby6aBHe.nHpHKe.
illLlleiiio. iiee, Htl iiaiii ICe o.Oa..w,

.Htl iiaiii "if o.OaM iiiyia iiiy.zuHtl.

.

'. pall' it! Me :1ICWiUIU, MIIaOo MIIaOWlo.,

O~' ICe Me :lleWiUlU "a"o jar: iiie6e?
.
1'PU:zda~HU lUeiiiae, T:'aK iiie6e' He HajOo.e,
0.0 :lleall '3a iiie6e Ha'CMpiii CyM 00.0011;

aj ajiJe ajOe, jazHe "WlelUo., .

aj ajoe ajoe, ja'iHe cy'iape;

(S.

KOKecKH.

"'l'. 165-166)
H. Mo-p.

nHBJbAHHH BAJO, B. Sajo llu6

fIao 1903. Ha Me'IKHHOM KaMeHY 6pa
npH'IH~a y KOjOj ce HCMesa rnyno
Helm KpymeBcKY peny6J1HKy. Y3pOK
Ka3HBaibe HIIH AeJlafbe jenHe CO~H
jaJlHe rpyne Jby}~H O,!.l CTpaHe ;!lpyre
fberoBoj encKoj cnaBH nelKH y fberOBoj
xepojcKoj CMpTII; 0):16110 je ~a ce nOBy
rpyne. CCJbaKe Haj'Iemfie-IfCMeBajy
llHPJlHTOP. CTapH rpa}:l Ha }:(YPMH

aapowaHH (ceJbaK KyOHO HaO'Iape

'Ie npe,!.l Ha;!lMOhHOM ryPCKOM sojCKOM,
TOpy Y KOMe. lIO encKoj Hapo;!lHoj

MHCJJelm All he TaKo,!.la 'HaY'lH qIlTaTH).

o 'IeMY H neCMe neBajy.
DeCMH ()KeHH,l\6a KPaJba BYKawHHa,

H.M.-li.
a pel)e ceJba~ HCMeBajy BapowaHe.
BYK 11125), CTonyje BojsO;!la MOM'lHJIo,

B. Pyialllll!e.
KOjH nlHe nOA 3H;!lHHaMa rpana y 60jy C

H.M.-1i
nJEBAHHJA UPHOfOPCKA H
BYKawHHoM, nOWTO ra je Jby6a BHAo

XEPUEfOBA'lJKA, S. MUJlyiiiWIO
caBa H3}(ana. Ha )lyPMHTOPY nOCToje

nO)J.PYfOBHll. (fABPHJIOBHn),
6uA, CUMa CapajJluja.
pyweBHHe Tora rpaAa H CBaKaKO je,

Tewan (pol)eH OKO 1775), neBaq H

300r CJlH'lHOCTH HMeHa c rpanOM

lIpHnOBeJ~a'I BYKa Kapal,IHha. POnOM

H3 XepncroBHHe H3 eeJla Ka3aH~ y
nepHTeopHoHoM. y nnaHHHaMa Pono

nJloxJI XEP)J.BHfOB, PHKaP~O

nat me je nonOBHHOM XIV B. }l(HBeO H

ra~KY. BHo TproBa~. xaj,!.lYK, yqeCHHK

.ep~HHaH~o (1846--1899), cKynJbaq
I10rHHYO HCToPHjCKH BHTe3, OAMe'I'HHK

y npBoM H ;!lpyroM cpncKoM YCTaHKY,

HapO,!.lHHX KajKaBcKHx necaMa no
MOM-IHno, Be3aH oBaj nOKaJlHTeT 3a

KHPHI)HjU. ByK ra je cpeo y CpeMCKHM

Bapalf<:n;HHCKoj OKOJlHHH H Bp6oB~y.
BojBOAY MOM'IHJla (B.). Y pa3lmM Ba

KapnOBJ{HMa C nponeha 1815. HajBH

PO:n;OM CJlOBeHa~ H3 IIlTajepcKe, Kao.
pHjaHTaMa HapOnHe neCMe 0 norn6HjH

me ra je l~eHHO o;q CBHX cBOjHX neBat.za:

;!leTe je ,!.IOwao y Bap8}l(}:lHH H cMa'I'paO
MOM'IHJlOBOj, fberOB ce rpa:n; 30Be TIH

neCMe je Ka3HBao, pa3YMeBao, ocehao

ra CBOjHM 3aBH'IajeM. Kao Mna,!.lHh Y'IH
pHTOp. nHnHTOp, nepnHTOp, TIepHT

H MHcnHO lllTa rOBOplt. 3Hao je npeKo

HeKO BpeMe y 3arpe6a'IKOM CjeMeHH
Bap, a y OKonHHH rpa:n;a llHpOTa Hapo

100 necaMa, nO'JeB o;q necaMa HajCTa

WTY, a nOTOM npena3H Ha CBeY'IHJlH
:n;Ha npHnoBenafba Be3yjy BOjBO:n;y

PHjHX BpeMeHa. Ka3HBao je BenHKH

IllTe Kao CBeWTeHO nH~e. HaDHcao je
MOM-lima 3a Taj rpaA.

6poj necaMa 0 KpaJbeBHhy MapKY, xaj

SHwe ):lena. Ca6Hpao je neCMe, Haj
p.n.
ny~HMa H YCKOI\HMa. HaKo je YMeo
BHDIe OA Y'IeHHKa, a H CapaAHHlQI cy MY
ynapaTH y3 rycne, neCMe HHje y3 fbHX
cnanH HapO)'.\He neCMe H npHnoBeTKe,
neBao, neh caMO rOBopHO. YHOCHO
nHTAJlHUA. KpaTKa np03Ha yCMe
6eJle}l(eim HX BepHo H 6e3 BehHx H3Me
XYMOpHC'l"H'IKe eneMeme.
Ha BpCTa. CaCTaBJbeH3. nonyT AHjanora
Ha, BehHHoM Jby6aBHe H maJbHse'
H.M.-p.
on DHTaH"l H onroBopa, :n;OK HapaTHBHH.
neCMe. 06jaBHO: Xp6aiiicKe Ilapoolle
neo C rnaronoM iluiiiaiiiu cnJ)I(H.caMo
. ujecMe u upuuo6ueOli:e, I, -Bap~,
;qa yae,!.lc JlH'lHOCT. fIpe,llCTaBJba :n;yxo
1868; Xp6aiiicKe H.apoo1!e iijeCMe, CB.
BHTY, calKery aHer,!.lory C noe!IToM Y
II, 1869; Xp6aiiicKe Ilapoolle iijecMe,
o;qrOBOpy. PaclloH fbeHor xYMopa je O,!.l
CB. III, 1876.
P.ll.
06H'IHe mane ;!lO. ropKe caTHpe (no,!.l
CMex ynyh~H }l(eHaMa, Um-almMa, cse
mTeHHM -!1H~Ma, TypIQIMa). JYHaIQI
nO-SOJKHE I1ECME '(njecMe OHa
Mory OHTH HCTopHjcKe nH.'IHOCTH,
KO no60}l(He). TepMHH KOjH BYK ;!laje
1I.0HeKaA . H lKHBOTHfbe. Y ~enHHH, .
HeKonHKHM. neCMaMa C 6H6nHjcKHM
nHTanH~e cy M03aHK nCHxonOWKHX
MOTHBHMa. OHe Haj'Iemhe npe,llCTa
3aKJbY'IaKa. y06J1H'I2sajy cnHKY HaWHX
BJbajy CTHXOBaHe nereH:n;apHe npH'Ie ca
HapaBH H HC:rOPHjCKHX cHTyaIQIja
H3pa}l(eHOM MopanHo-peJlHrH03HOM
(nHTaJlH Typ~ MapKa: - Ka.xrn: HaM'
nOeHTOM - 06Hqaj~oM Ka3HOM HJlH
MapKO, TaKO TH Bjepe, 3a WTa 6H'ce
60}l(aHcKHM qy;!lOM (0 KpWTefbY Hcy,.
HajpaAHje nOTYP'IHO? :- 3a HHaT!;
COBOM. 0 MajIQI KOjOj CBeTa~ CHHOBe
llHTao paja TypilHHa: - 3i1WTO Me,
. npeTBapa . Y KaMeHOBe~ jep je HHCY
ara, AHHa TH 6Hjew? - 3aTO 1:\a Te 60 .
nOWTOBanH).
. ~H).: .
.
"., B. JIei~uoai)H.e ueCMe; Pelluiuo3He.
. nOJKEPT, X,p'6epr (Herbert Peu-
H. M,~li.
.
iiecMe; Bepc1Ce ileCMe.
kert.pol)ea 1907-1987). HeMa'Im ena
H..M;-P.
nItTY fYJlE (1865-1903), MaKe,nOH

BHCT; npoq,ecop JeHcKor.YH.H.Bep3iITe

Ta. BaBH ce 'leWKoM, CJlOBaqKOM,
eKH peBony~HoHap. Hapo:n;HH jyaaK H

no)J.PYfA l.J1HJ;E. Ha3HB KOjH je Byx

PYCKOM, . a HapO'IHTO jyrocnoBeHCKHM
jeAaH on aol)a HJlHHAeHCKor YCTaHKa.

Bp'IeBHh Aao nO;!lBpCTH WaJbHBHX

/baH/tn.

". '-l'

190

191

.i
11

i
:1

KlbH>KeBHOCTHMa,
nHCn;HMa
H
HaytIHHn;HMa. I1Hllle 0 BYKY CTel.
Kapal.IHhy
(Wissenschaftliche
Zeitschrift Un. Jena. 13, 1964); 0

TIl H KlbH>KeBHH KpHTH'Iap, npolecop

cI>WI030cj:lcKor cj:laKYJITeTa y CKOnJbY,
'IJlaH MAHY. CMaTPa ce OCHHBa'l!eM
HOBe MaKeJ\OilCKe HCTopHorpaqmje.
BaBH ce HCTOPHjoM IIHcaHe H YCMeHe
KlbH>KeBHOCTH. 0)1a6paHa )1ena (I-V,
CKonje 1973) nOKa3yjy KpeTalbe lbero
BHX HaY'lHHX HHTepecoBalba, O)1hHpH
JIa H MCToAHja )10 IIpBe KlbB}KeBHe
reHepan;Hje Y HOBHjOj MaKe)10HcKoj
KlbH>KeBHOCTH. CTYAHje 0 6pahH MH
Jla)1HHOBI\HMa (ToM IV) H MaKeOoH.
CKOM cjJOIIKIIOPY (II) pa~eHe cy Ha
IIIHPOKOj KOMnapaTHBHoj OCHOBH. Be
Jle>KH MaKe)10HCKY YCMeHY KlbH>KeB
HOCT, oaUH ce lbeHHM caKynJba'lHMa H
H3AaBa'IMMa, HcToPHjCKHM H noeTCKHM
JlHKOBHMa, BpCT8Ma HapO)1Hor CTBa
paJlalllTSa, PYKOIlHCHHM neCMap~aMa,
rpaljaHcKoM noe3HjoM. IIpaTH K.H.H
>KeBHOHCToPHjcKc npWIHKe H Hay'lHe H
HaY~IHHtIKe Be3e. Y OKBHpY K.H.Hre Ma
KeOOH.CKa KfbllJKeeH.ociU oojaBHo HCTO
pHjy MaKe)10HCKe HapO)1He KlbH>KeBHO
CTH (CK3, 1961).

3H.a'f.ajy Jmco6a rplLWl aa ByKoey KOH.

/jeUllujy KlbWfCeelw'i je3uKa (HaY'lHH
caCTanaK cnaBHCTa, 360pHHK MCn,
1973, II); 0 npHxBaTalbY BYKa y
HeMa'iKoj y npyroj nOJIOBHHH XIX B.
(Ibid., 1974, III). I1poytlaBa noeTHKY
YCMeHor neCHIIDITBa (Die Funktion
des Formel im Volkslied, CTy)1Hja y
300PHHKY
Poetyka,
Warszawa,
1962), noceoHo cpncKoxpBaTcKor H
MaKeAOHCKor
oojaBJbyje KlbHry

Serbokroatische und Makedonische

Volkslyrik, Berlin 1961; '1JIaHaK 0
pelpeHY Y MaKe)10HcKoj JIHPHn;H (Pa)1
KOHrpeca Y<I>J, 1964); CTy)1Hjy Die
Makedonische Vo/kspoesie (MAHY,
CKonje 1978), ca CTaHOBHlllTa lYHK
n;HOHaJIHOCTH TPa)1Hn;Hje. Ha OCHOBY
TY}KOaJIHn;a
MapKa
neneHKoBa,
HCTpaJKyje nojaM lQJIKJlOpHe BpCTe
(I1PWI03H V, 1-2, MAHY, CKonje,
1980).

Y llepHOllY 0)1 XV no XVIII BeKa, npe

llaCXO)1HO 0)1 peHecaHce no pan;HoHa
JlH3Ma. lIocTojalbe Beher opoja 3anHca
Ii uenOlmTMx 30HPKH oMoryhyje H
jH.U1Ca, 3IDKO, 1907, XII.
KOHKpeTHa HCTpa)KHBalba caMHX TeK
OojaBHo je TeKCTOBe HapO)1HHX npH
CTosa YCMeHc KlbH>KeBHOCTH, npe
nOSenaKa li3 PYKonHca C. BepKoBHlia,
C KOMnapaTHBHHM OeJlelliKaMa (I1PH
csera CTHXOBa. XIX BeK AOHOCH BYK0
JI03H 3a KlbH>KeBHOCT, 1927. VII, 1-2).
Be 36HPKC H CHCTeMaTCKH caKynJba'lKH
H.M.-".
paA
MCTpa>KHBalbeM nOMeHa 0 YCMeHoj
nOJIHrEHETCKA
TEOPHJA
KlbH>KeBHOCTH H npOHaJla}KelbeM lbe
(TeopHja 0 nOJlHrene3u). CXBaTalbe 0
HHX 3anHca Ha HameM nOl(pY'ljy 6a
CaMOHHKJlOCTH H He3aBHCHOCTH nope
BHJIH cy CC HCTOpH'IapH H HCTOpH'IapH
KJla cnH'IHHX MOTHBa H TeMa, HaCTaJlO
YCMeHe H nHcaHe KlbH>KeBHOCTH, lH
Kao pe3ynTaT aHTPoIIOJlOlllKHX HCTpa
Jl030cj:lM H eTHOJl03H, HCTOpH'IapH pe
>KHBalba (s. AH.iUpoUOlloUlKa iileopu
JlHrnje, cj:lOJlKJlOPHCTM H MHorn I(pyrH.1
ja). I1peACTaBJba CynPOTHOCT H)1ejH 0
Osa HCTpa>KHBalba HMaJla cy 3a n;HJb )1a
)1HlY3HOHH3MY (MHrpanHoHa TeopH
YeTaHOSe CTapoCT H KOHTHHYHTeT Ha
ja). nOCMaTPalbY HaCTaHKa H lllHpelby
llie HapOAHe KH>H>KeSHOCTH, SH)10Be

MOTHsa H3 je)1HOr n;eHTpa, HJlH ca

lbeHor 1I0CTojalba, oAHoce H3Meljy

CTaHOSHIllTa 3aje)1HH'IKe reHe3e.

HCTopHje H TpaI(Hn;Hje. IIHcaHe H yCMe

H.M.-1\.
He KlbH>KeBHOCTH. CHCTeMe BepoBalba,
nOpeKJlO MOTHBa H TeMa, lbHXOBe

nOJlOK, KapJl Xajn.. (Karl Heinz

napaJleJlC H nYTeBe MHrpan;Hja. UoIIp

Pollok, poljeH 1929), HeMa'iKH Hay

Jla cy yrJlaBHOM AO speMeHa 3aje)1

'IHHK, AOKTOP lHJIOJIOlllKHX HaYKa,

HH;IllTBa CJlOBeHCKHX HapoAa H 3ayc

npolecop cnoBeHcKHX KlbB}KeSHOCTH
TaBWIa ce HaA oTKpHBalbeM nOMeHa y
H je3HKa. BaBH ce aKn;eHTOJIOrnjoM
IV B. Y HCToPHjH YCMeHe KlbH>KeSHOC-'
cpncKoxpsaTcKor je3HKa,' IIoce6Ho
TH OHJIa cy oKpeHYTa H3YQaBalbY
IIOeTlmOM JIHPCKHX HapO)1HHX neCaMa
cTapoCTH HalllC cnCKe IIoe3Hje, Koja je
(Studiell zur Poetik ulld Kompositioll d.'
O)1YBeK OHJla H rJIaBHH IIpel(MeT 3aHH
balkanslav. lyrischell Volkslieds, 1964).
Malba Hawe HaYKe:' JIHpHKa H llpo3a
,ll;ao nperne)1 pana Ha jyrocnaBHCT~
oCTajane cy y lbeHoj ceHH. EIIHKa je H
Y CP HeMatIKoj (300pHHK MCn.1972.
caMOM CBojOM npHp0)10M. Be3MBalbeM
Klb. It CTp. 31).
3a HCTopHjcKe )10ra~aje H jYHaKe.
H.M.-'S.
npY>Kan!l KOHKpeTHHjy rpaljy 3a AaT0
Balbe, )10K ce JlHpHKa H3MHn;ana CBOjliM'
nOMEHH H 3AnHCH. XPOHOJIO

OnlllTeJbYACKHM TeMaMa H OCTaBJbana

llKH nperJIen nOMeHa H 38llHca MO}Ke

TeK peTKe TParoBe y nHcaHHM cno
ce nOABeCTH nOA HCTopHjcKe H KYJl
MeHHn;HMa. Haj'Iellifte .y SHIlY Hera~
TYpHQ-KlbIDKeBHe BpeMeHcKe nepHO)1e
THSHHX CTaBOBa n;pKBeHHX JbY)1H IIpe
,H ycnOBHO pa~JIO}KH'rH Ha TPH pa3
Ma
naraijCKHM 06pe)1MMa. HJlH prpel(
)1ooJba: upeu 6H o6y~BaTao BpeMe npe

imx iIOIlaT3Ka 0 nesalby;cse no iIpSHX

H nocJIe )10CeJbelba Ha BaJlKaHcKo'

3anHca XVs.

nOJIYoCTPBO )10 XII BeKa; opyzu 6H ce

P)1HOCHO Sa nepHon no nponaCTH. .' HapO)1Ha.. np03a. npe CBe.ra np~)1aa:a .

YJlaCKOM Y riHcaHY: CBeTOBHy H peJlH- .

nOCJleAlbHX'cpncKHX Cpe)1lbOBeKOBHHX
rH03HY Kl:bli>KCSHOCT H HCTopHjcKa
)1p>KaIia, Tj. AO Kpaja
BeKa;' a iUpehu
. )1eJla, cnOMHlbaHa cy SHllle Kao TPa
Ha BpeMe on XV-XIX BeKa (yn. ,ll;.
rOSH Tpa)1Hn;Hje H BepOBalba H Kao
IIaBJlosHh, 0 UoOellUH.aUle H.apooH.e
rpa~a 3a HapoAHY enHKy. I1pmlOseTKe
KfbUJiCeSllociUu lla uepuooe, I1K.THcI>,
cy, naK, lIOCMaTpaHe Kao ].leo IIpHMe
1954, K.H.. XX, cB.I-2).
TeopHje - Der kluge Knabe. Archiv
fUr slavische Philologie, 190s.,..xXVn,
CB. 4; Allu Ea6a u 'f.eiUpOeceiU pQ36o

H.M.-b.

'H.M.-ll.

nOKJIAUE. 06peAHo-o6~ajHe' CBe~

'IaHOCTH 'IJIaHOBa nopoA~e WIH 3a
Apyre Koje ce OAp>KaBajy yO'l1:t BehHx
IIOCTOBa. npeAcTaBJbajylm MaHH
leCTan;Hjy AyxoBHe KyJl~, HMajy H
IIpaTeha, Bep6amio oMHKoBaHa HCKa3HBalba, Koja He cna)1ajy y YCMeHY
YMe'rHOCT. pe'lH Y Y}KeM CMHcny.
H.M.-p.

i'

nOKOCOBCKE nECME (~yc).

I10 HeKHM KJlacHlHKan;HjaMa Ha3MB 3a
eIICKe IIeCMe cTapHjHx BpeMeHa,. o
jYHaIJ;HMa H )1ora~ajHMa IIocne KocoBCKe OHTKe, " AO Kpaja XV B., Tj. )10
IIPOII!lCTH caMoc'raJIHHX cpe)1lbOBe-
KOB~Jix. Ap'}KaBa. Ha;'lHB. ce .O/.\HOCU:
. 'yrJIaBMO~; Ha IIeCMe 0 BpaHK(lBmrnMa, .
JilKlllHliHMa, ytapcKHM jYHan;H1.ta;
xpBaTcKHM oaHoBHMa.
.
p.n

nOJlEHAKOBHn,
XapanaMRHje
(1909-1984). HCTopHttap K.H.B}KeBHOC-

nOJlHBKA, J.npJKH (1858-1933), '1e

llIKH cnaBl.fCT. npolecop YHHBep3H
. 'TeTa y npary, 'maH CAHY. npoytla
Bao CTapocnoBeHcKe TeKCTOBe H npo3Hy YCMeHY KlbH>Kf;BHOCT Ha KOMnapa
THBHOj OCHOQH.
Y 3aje)1HHn;H C lox-aHoM BOJITeoM
(1858-1937), repMaHuCToM H l0JIK
JIOPHCTOM, ypeAHHK.neT KlbHra fPHMO
BHX oajKH (191,3-1932), C KOMnapaTMB
HHM OeJlellIK<lMa H KOMeHTapHMa,
Koj~a je.ooyxBaheHa H Hallia npHno
BeAHa np03a. BJIH3aK capaAHHK B.
~arHha.
' .
lberOBH npHKa3H oojaBJbeHHX 30HPKH
HaWHX HapOAHH){ npHnOBeAaKa IIpe)1CTaBJbajy He3atioHJIa3lle KOMnapanm
.' He .CTY/.\Hje (P, CTPqxana,:y ,3~0,
1903; VIII;' A. -raBpWIciBHh~. Arcliiv
fur sla.vische Philologie~<, 1907, XXIX,
CB. 2-3; <P. Kpayca, Ibid, 1916,)CXXVI,
3-4). Kao i:mcan; HH3a MOHorpalHja 0
nOpeKJly 'Jloje)1HHHX MOTMBa (y CMHcny
KaKO HX CXBaT!l HCTopHjcKa noeTHKa),
3Ha'lajaH je npenCTaBIDIK MHrpaQHoHe

.
.

xv

192

193

-'"'--

lbeHe HHTepHaQHOHanHe 6alllTHHe, ca

aYTOXTOHHM KapaKTepHCTHKaMa.
Y IV B. BH3HrOTCKH cBelllTeHHK Ymim
na, npeBo):lehH CBeTO nHCMO, ynoTpe- '
6Jbaaa 3a lllnHJIMall'a cnoBeHCKY pe'I
nnHH' cjaH.
AOCTa Onpe3HO ce npHXBaTa H nOnaTaK
na ce Ha ATHnHHOM nBOpy Y V B., nO):l
neBa'lHMa CKHTHMa, Koje CnOMHlbe
rp'lKH HCTOpH'Iap ilpHCKYC PeTOp,
nO):lpa3YMeBajy CnOBeHH.
Y VI B. rpqKH HCTOpH'Iap TIpoKonHje
rOBopH 0 Hana):lY fpKa Ha CnoBeHe
KOjH cy 3acnanH neBajyhH.
BH3aHTHjcKH HCTOpH'Iap TeO<pHJIaKT
CHMOKaTa, y CBOjOj HCTOPHjH H3 npBe
non. VII B., cnoMHlbe ):Ioral)aj H3 592,
Ka):l cy BH3aHTHHQH y TIponOH):\HTcKOM
npHMOpjy YXBaTHJIH TpH 'IOBeKa, KOjH
cy YMecTo opY:lKja HOCHnH QHTpe.
lbHxoBa H3jaBa na cy CJIOBeHH H na ce
Kao H lbHXOBH canneMeHHQR y nOCToj6HHH panHje 6aBe neBaH>eM Hero paTO
BalbeM, BeOMa je 3Ha'lajHa KlbH:lKeB,HOHCTopHjcKa nOTBp):la 0 nCBalbY
nccaMa, Kao 0 n03HaTOM pacnpo
CTpalbCHOM o6H'Iajy MCl)y CnOBCHHMa.
. UpHopH3aQ Xpa~ap y CBOjOj pacnpaBH
UUCMeHeX, C Kpaja IX HJIH nO'lCTKa X
B. najc nonaTKe 0 nOCTojalbY raTanHQa
(6acMH)' H yo6H'IajeHoM Ha'lHHy ra
Taiba (no QPTaMa H pe3aMa) Mcl)y
CnoBeHHMa, npe Hcro lllTO HMaxy
KlbHra. '
Y X B. neno be administrando imperio
(945-949), BH3aHTHjcKor Qapa KOH
CTaHTHHa VII ilop<pHpOreHHTa (913959), cnOMHlbC cnOBCHCKe nCBa'le,
):IOHOCH HH3 KynTypHoHcToPHjcKHx
npe):lalba, H Ha MHOrHM MCCTHMa je H,
nH.caHO y lbHXOBOM MaHHpy, nOHeKan
ca yilOTpC60M eTHMOpOrHje, Kao Ha
'IHHOM MHInJbelba.
Y H<;rOM BeKY, je):laH H3BeIllTaj apan
CKHX nYTHHKa YKa3yje Ha ynoTpe6y
'rycana KO):l CJI<?BeHa. (T. 'Bopl)eBHh,
CE3; IX,,21). Y cBojoj',6~):IH npOTHB
6olyMHJIa, npe3BHTCp K03Ma Hana):la
rycne H 6ecoocKenecMc npoCTora
HapOna. OH OImcyje aTMoc<pepy y
KOjOj ce neCMe nCBajy, c rycnHMH H

IlJleCKaHHeM...

Y XII B. Jleifioiluc iioila J1.YKfbQHUHa

o6HJIyjc (no BcliHHH HCTpa:lKHBaqa), HC
caMO nOMCHHMa 0 HOCTOjalbY HapOnHe
neCHH'lKC Tp8nHl~jc, Beb H 06Jl1fKO
BaHHM ,MOTHBHMa 1I TeMaMa. Ha TO
YK83yje H HO'leTHa <popMyna KOjOM
aYTOP HcrHpa H caMY nOMHcao ):Ia je
HlllTa }lpyro HaIlHCaO ceM Ka3HBalba
l.\pKaeHHX Ilpe}~lllaCHHKa H BpeMeIllHHX
CTapaQIl. Koja cy HCTHHHTHM npH'la
lbCM, ;nonpna :no lbera. OBaj n03HaTH
cpc;nlboaCKOBHH KlbH:lKeBHH MaHHp,
KaKO y naTHHcKoj TaKO H y BH3aHTHj
CKOj H CPflCKOj neTonHcHoj JIHTepa
TypH H KlbH:lKCBHOCTH )KHTHja (yn.
fpHroplija BOrOCJIOBa Ha3HjaHlllKor,
3aTHM apXHCIUlCKOlla )laHHJIa
KOjH
HarJIBlll<lBB ;nil H3na:lKe :lKHTHja no
CJIYlllalbY H CKB3HBalbY O'leBH;naQa y
YBony Y )/(uifiuje ICpaJbeaa), y HCTO
BpeMC jc H CYIllTHHCKH eJIeMeHT noe
THKC YCMeHHX npenalba, Koja YBeK
HHCHcTHpajy Ha BepO):lOCTojHOCTH,
1I03IfBajyhH ce Ha paHHja Ka3HBalba,
Tpa):lHQRjy. CBenOKe H O'ICBHQe.
On MOTHBCKQ--rCMIlTCKHX QeJIHHa, n03
HaTHX Y YCMeHOM Mel)YHaponHOM H
KacHHjc, HaL\IifOHaJIHOM penepToapy,
MOry ce H~6pojBTH: y6HCTBO y nOBY;
OCJI060l)clbe H3 (O'leBe HJIH 6pa
TOBJbeBe) TaMHHl.\C BOJbeHOr C~lba
(BJ1a):lHMHp' H Kocapa); 3aBapaBalbe
HcnpHjaTCJba ,noMohy 6YKe; HH3
nOKaJIHHX npenalba, eTHMonOlllKHX
aCOQHjal~ja, nereHnH 0 CBCQRMa 3a~
lllTHTHHIIHMa. TIOMHlbC ce H TY:lK6anH
Qn (HJIH CIlMO JIeJIeKalbC C: nJla'leM)
Han npB'lfM xpHIllhaHCKHM KpaJbeM,
caxpBlbCHHM y l~PKBH CB. MapHje y
)lYKJbH.
Y XIII ll; TeonOCHje XHJIaH}:(apaQ Hi::
TH'le y3 1l0jHH t lKe BpJIHne H xpa6poCT
CTe<paHIl TIpBoBeHtlaHor H lberOB
nesa'IKH,TaJICHaT, jep KaJ( cel)allle y
'tleny Tpne3e, BeCeJbame 6naropo;n~
HHKC .6y6lbeBHMa H rycnaMa KilO InTO'
je 06~'laj y caMo;np)KaIi ()J(uaqw',cB:
Caae, 'cmape cpilcKe 6uo'ipaqJUje,
1930. cTp.190-191). Y KaHoHY 3ajeg
HH'IKOM CHMCOHY H CasH, Teo;noCHje .
y' CTHXy OeJIe:lKH n03Ha.TH MOTHB H3
npe):laIba 0 CB. CaBH KilO B)I'ljeM na

194

CTHPy: HeMoj nyillTaTH Aa Ha Hac

aYT06Horpa<pCKOM AeJIY JaHu'tapoae

lHaBane Byqll,llllTO CTa.lW He llITelle

(Cp6JbaK 1,1970. CTp. 337).
I1l1oau'tlCa KpM'tuja H3 XIII B. H npe

yciiOMelle lInH TYPClca XpOllU1Ca, O'lY

BaHOM HlI n01hCKOM H 'lemKOM je3HKY,

BO):l CUHwaiMaiila Mawuje Bllaciiiapa

npy)Kajy nOnaTKe 0 nCBa'lHMa (YrJIaB
HOM npO<peCHOHaJIHHM) H y cTapoj
PaIllKoj.
.
Y XIV B. (1325-1326), BH3aHTHjCKH
JIeTOnHcaQ HHKH<POp fperepa (0KO
1292-1359), nHille 0 T~Hoj MOHOTO
HHjH necaMa Koje cy neBaJIH BOjHHQR,
BOAH'lH H3 lbcrOBe npaTlbe Kp03
cpncKe 3eMJbe. TIoMHlbe H lbHXOBO
Hrpalbe H neBalbe necaMa y KOJIY 0
jYHaQHMa (B. Jamh, Cajeoo'taHcwaa
U3 ilpoUlltociilu, CTp. 57).
1-13 XV B., nopc):I nOMeHa, o'lYBaHHCY H
npBH 3anHCH, nHpcKe H enCKe noe3Hje.
3anHcH HapOnHHX npe):lalba cY CBC
6pojHHjH.
fO):lHHe 1487, n03HaTH xYMaHHcTa Jy
paj IIIH:lKroPHh Y Aeny De situ Illyriae
et civitate Sibenici (0 uOlloJICajy
I1l1upuje u ipaoa lDu6eHuKa) Ha6paja
HH3 BpCTa Haille HapO):lHC KlbH:lKeBHO
CTH: nOCJIOBHQe. ry:lK6anHQe; Jby6aBHe,
cBanoeHc, rtoCJIeHH'IKe neCMC, y3
H3Y3eTHe nOXBane, Y3AH:lKyliH HX '1aK H
H3Han Haj60JbHX YMCTHH'IKHX OCTBape
lba aHTHKe. Ha ;naH' npoor jYHa 1497.. Y
rpaj:\Hhy jY:lKHe MTanHje, y OKBHPY
CBe'laHOCTH npHpel)cHe y 'IaCT HanyJb
CKe Kp8JbHQe, ):IOCCJbeHHQR. no CBOj
npHJIHQH. H3 OK.OJIHH~ CMeAepesa,
cnOBeHCKH neBa'lH y KOJIY cy neBanH
~a cpnCKOM je~HKy 6yraplllTHQY 0 TaM
HOBalhY CH6Hlba~HHa JaHKa y TaMHH
QH ):IeCnOTa 'Bypl)a BpaHKOBHha, KOjy
cy MOPaJI~ ):IOH~TH H3 cBoje nocroj6HHe. 'lbeHHX npBHX j:\e<;eT CTHXOBa,
3a6ene~HO je Mano n03HaTH HTaJIHjim
CKH neCHHK Pol)epo Ae ila'lHCHQa, y
,C~OM cneBY Ball/jUHO (M. TIaHTHh,
Heilo3Haiila 6yiapiuiiiu/lil. 300I)}nlK'
'.MaTHQe cpnCKe 3a ~lbH:lKeBHciCT H
. "je3HK. XXV, CB. 3): M3MeIJf i~97. H"
, 1501. KQHCTaHTHH MlixaHJiOBHh' H3
OCTpoBHQe (3acenaK. Kpaj HOBor
EpAa), BOjHHK ):IecnoTa 'Bypl)a, KaCHH
je jaHH'lap, 3aJIOBe):lHHK TBpl)aBc Ha
Bp6acy, nOJbCKH 3apOOJbeHHK - Y

IlHcaHOM MO')K):Iil II Ha cpnCKOM (B.

PCKO'HCTPYKl.\IIjy TeKCTa H npeBO'A Ha
cpnCKoxpBaTCKH 'B. )KHBaHoBHl'ia,
1966 - TIpocBcTa, EcorpaA), 6ene:lKH
;noral)aje H3 cpncKe HCTopHje, YMHOrOM
1I0P; YTH1~ajeM HapOnHe Tpa):lHQHje.
BoraTO Hap0j:\HHM npe):lalbHMa. OBO
:neJIO HMa H TparoBa cpncKor enCKor
nCCcTepQa (Hnp. y onHcy TypcKor
KOlbaHHKa KOjH nocc;nyje no nBa KOlba:
JenaH Bjc3nje aHa ):IpyroM jc)K):Ije).
KpajcM XV B. Y J1.y6poaa'tKOM a6op
HUKY HHKllle PalbHHe, y3 nCCMe Ha
HBPO):lHy nojaaJbyjy CC H 3anHCH '1H
CTHX. YCMCHHX JIHpCKHX necaMa, C n03
HaTHM, CPHHO y06JIH'lCHHM MOTHBHMa,
KOjH he ce Kao 6nHcKe BapHjaHTc
IlojaBJbHBaTH H ):Iyro BeKOBa KacHHje.
)la jc neBBlbe Hap0j:\HHx neCaMa He
CBMO' YBeJIHKO pacnpOCTpalbeH 06H'laj,
Beh H lIpHMep 3a yrnC):I H nHcaHoj
KlbH)KeBHOCTH, nOKa3yje CnJIHTCKH
neCHHK MapKO MapYJIHh, KOjH je CBoj
KJIaCH'lHH cneB Jyouiily (1501) cneBao,
KaKO caM 6CJIC)KH. 1l0 06H'Iajy HaIllHX
3a'IHlbaBal~, Il
3aKOHY CTapHX

no

nO~T.

:i

,F

11

:r

!
i

BeHenHKT Kyj:mne'IHh. cnOBCHa'iKH

nyTonHcaI~, nYTYjytm 1530-1531, Y
QapHrpa):l Kao TYMa'i aYCTpHjcKor
nocnaHCTBa, npoillao je npcKo HaIllHX
3eMaJba H no nOBpaTKY i531. 06jaBH9

Itillerarium. Wegrayss Killl. May.

PotscllaJft gen COllstallttllopel.zu dem
Tilrkis:cllell Keiser SoleYl1!all AllIio
XXX:"MDXXXI. Y QCJIOCTH je p;eno Ha
cpncKoxpBaTCKH npeBej:\cHo nOj:\ Ha
cnOBOM: llyiiiol1l1c Kp03 BOCHY, Cp6u
jy, 'By'iapCKy It PYMellujy (CapajcBo
1954). Y lbeMy KypHnet:U1:h OCTaBJba
HH3 nO;naTaKa 0 HaponHoj encKoj
Tpa):lHQHjH:.
.
.
1: npCllpH'JaBa ;neo 'KocoBcKe nereH}:(e
. 0 M~nOlllY 'KO'6HJIOBHhy I{8e. 0 OKJ:H;B~"
TaHOM jYHaKY; 0 y6ijCTBY MypaTdBY H .

MHJIOmeBoj norH6HjH; nOMHlbe H

lberOBa CJIaBHa ;neJIa Ha rpaH~; 0

KojHMa ce H ;naHac MHoro neBa KOA

XpBaTa H nO' OHHM KpajeBHMa;

,

195

II

i
1
'1

KOjH nO)lcenajy Ha BYKoB 3anHC Y

2. onncyje cycpeT ca MaJIKomnlieM,

Op6MH. 1601; ny;qoBMK QpH
hy - 6aJIaAY nyror CTHxa 11 K1Iii're ne
AparoM jc HajTBplje nOY3Aal:be (yn.

cy6amoM Y-IYPCKOj BOjC[(H, 3anoBe;q

- Ty6cpo. JaK06 llYKapeBHh,
BojKa. neBana cy 06a pH6apa 3ajeAHo
BYK, I, 6p. 300a).

HHKOM HaA 200 KOl:baHHKa y KaMeH

H 'IMHH HHTcrpaJIHH neo CBaKG
nOTHXO, He 6p3eh... jeAaH HH}Ke
PO]:lOM llIH6eH'IaHHH, AHTYH BpaHQHh,

rpaAY, y KOMe MHoro neBajy, y xp

AHeBHor :>KHSOl'a ('IYBeHH nOMop~ H

Ap}KehH, Apyrn BHme nojyfi. OA TpH

nYTonHcllQ, ):IHnJIOMaTa, HCTopH~ap,

. BaTcKoj' H bOCHH.
aAMHpaJiH OXMyliesHhH Hl CnaHor,

3anHcaHe nO'laCHHue neBa~H cy

HaA6HcKYII oc-rporoHcKH, Haj3a):l H Kap

3. nOMHl:be neCMe 0 jYHa'lKHM AeJIH

nOJIOBHHOM BeKa. cae 'IHHe na H3seAY

neBaJIH: npBy y qaCT rocnoAapy,

Ma BojBoAe PaAocaBa TIaBJIOBHl'ia H
):IHHaJI, 1I0MHI:be cpeMcKY sapom KaMe

CBOjc rCHcanOIllKO CTa6JIo oA PeJbe

npyre ABe y 'taCT jeAaH ApyroMe,

HHl(y, tlyBCHy 110 KH,H}KeBHHM HrpaMa y

l:berOBOr BHTe3a. HaBoAH emrraq, HC

KpHJIarnI~e, 0 'mjHM H3BpC'HHM nO):l

Uy6posa'tKH BnaCTenHH Eyce6Ho

KJIeCaH Ha CTel'iKY BojBoAe TIaBJIOBHha
CBOM nyl'OnHCY H3 1553 (Iter Buda

BH3HMa neBajy nonHjeBKHl:be - M.

Ka60ra (XVI s.) cnOMHl:be HapoAHY

y PoraTH[(H, cpncKHM DHCMeHHMa H
Hadriallopolim allllO 1553...). .IJ;aje H y

IIaHTHh. .lyzOCJlOBeHCKa U YCMeHa

nonHjesKY mTO cy je njeBanH y

Ha cpnCKoM je3HKY, KOjH OAHrue paT
JlpyrHM CBOjHM JlenHMa, reorpaq,

KlbwlCeaHociIi. Cl'p. 108).

CnaHoM 0 MOPCKoj HecpenH AneKceja

HH~KHM enCKHM AYXOM H Ay60KHM
CKo-CTHorpaq,cKHM onHCHMa H nyTO

Jypaj BapaKoBHn y BUllu CIIOfJUHKU

KOMHeHa (MBaH KYKYJbCBHh CaK

POAOJby6JbeM. McnHcyje H pe~H C
IIHCHMa JtparoI{eHY HCTOPHjCKY H Tpa

1614. OC1'aBJI,a 3anl1C 6yrapmTHQe

[(HHCKH y CTYAHjH 0 MapKY MapYJIHhy,

rp06a cJIyre PaAocaBa IIaBJIoBHl'ia,
AHQHOHanHY rpal)Y (II. MaTKoBHh,

MajKa MapzaplliIia,
CT, n, xpBaTcKH, I KI:b., CTp. XLIV),
KOjH je 3aXTeBao Aa 6YAe caxpal:beH
IIYTOBaH,a AHTYHa BpaHtlHha 1553,

TypCKH XPOHWIaP IIe'leBH, no'l. XVII

YAPyroj non, XVI s. q,ypnaHcKH HCTO
HcnOA Hory CBora rocnOAapa, Y AYXY
Pa):l JA, 1884, 71, H ):Ip.). MaljapCKH

B. cnOMHH,C nCCMC 0 nep3eJIe3Y A1iHjH

pH'lap HHKOJIeTH 6eJlelKH Aa TOJI
CpeAI:bOBeKOBHe BHTemKe BePHOCTH, a
neCHHK H ;qBOPCKH nesa~ Ce6aCTHjaH

y BOCHH, Ha jC3HKY HeaepHHKa (A,

MHHWf paAo neBajy pa3He neCMe 0
encKoj
CTHJIH3aQHjH
6nHcKoj
y
THHOAH y Xpomu/lt o):laje npH3Hal:be

OJIeCHHllKH, 3H>KO, 1934, XIII, CTp.

XpHCTY H CBe~HMa, Kao H 0 yrapcKoM
KOCOBCKHM 6yrapmTH~KHM'CTHXoBHMa
CBOM cynapHHKY UMHTpy KapaMaHY OA

22-23). A EsnHja Qene6H, cpe;qHHoM

KpaJby MaTejy H APyrnM 3HaMeHHTHM
o MHJIOmeBoj ABOp6H lla3apa H y
Kora, HaKO MHoro HMa neBa~a OSAe y

XVII B., Y AcceT CBe3aKa, OCTaBJba

JIH'tHOCTHMa csora HapoAa. (~p.
QPHOj 3eMJbH.
Ma~apcKllj ... HeMa OOJber y cpnCKOM

nyLTtOiillC (Sejiihailliime; npeSOA Ha

KH)J;pH'l, Zgodovilla slovellskog slov
BeHeAeTo PaM6epTH, ~JIaH MJIeTa'lKOr
HaIll je3HK, Capajeso 1973 - IIyiii.ouuc,
Ha'IHHY

SIva, JbyGJbaHa, 1938, CTp. 10.)

nocnaHCTBa, 1534. nHme 0 BYKa
MapHH Up}KHIi y CKYUY (1555-1556),

OOJlOMljll 0 jy'locJloaeHcKUM aeMibaMa),

Y CBOM AHeBHHKY (1573-1578), HeMaQ
mHHoBoM,H3BOPY Kpaj JeApeHa, MeCTY
6eJIexH CTHXOSC 0 ;qeBoj[(H Koja Hene

y KOMe 6eJIelKI1 MHora npeAal:ba H

CTeq,aH repnax, nyTyjynH Kp03 TYP
rAe ra je y6HO cJIyra, KaA Ce carao Aa
Aa ce YAa 3a CTapua:

CnOMHI:bC enCKe neC1)fe y OKOJIHHH

. CKe 3eMJbe, OlIHcyje TY}K6aJIHue H3
nHje BOAe.
.'
Cy6(}THI\C. M caAa ce Y CJlaBY 6aHa
OKonHHe CMenepeBa, Hrpal:be H neBa
Y CBOM naCTHpCKOM pOMaHY IIlIaHuHe
meHojl(a t'e Maj l llll(1I MO/lU/lU:

BO'IKaja njcBajy njccMe H Ha CBe

I:bC y KOJIY }KeHa H,AcBOjaKa y QPKBeHoj
(1536) XpBaTHH, HHHCKH H 3aAapCKH
Hc ()aj Alelle t'fiiapy xpa6py

CTpaHe pa3JIHjC}KC. peq,peH: .IJ;aBopH,

nOpTH, Ha nyTY 3a HHm, .pa3BaJIHHe
MajKo Moja ()pazaf.:.

neCHHK, IIcTap 30paHHI'i, CnOMHl:be

):IaBOpHMO BO'IK<lj MapKO, 6ocno,
cperil:boBeKoB80r rpa):la - ):IBOpa MH1Io
HapoAHo 'np~oMajcKo KHliel:be H, ne
bO'IKaj ....
ma 06HJIHha, KOjH je BeJIe y6HO My
Bal:be y3 rycne, [(HTpe,cypJIe ... , 6eJIexm
UenOBHl'e 3aUHce Asejy encKHX neca
1640. 3a6cJIc}KCH je nO):laTaK 0 Ty.}!{HOM
paTa.
HH3 npeAal:ba H Ha,3Ha~yje Aa ce ABe
Ma (Kpafbeallii MapKo U 6paiii. My AHoGH'Iajy ry>Kel:ba rnmre BY36eK, ayc;
neBal:bY y3 rycne y OKonHHH q,pal:be
oplijaul H Bojaoaa Paooca~ Cuaepu
neCMe Koje H3BOAe l:berOBH naCTHpH
Ba'IKor MaHacTHpa, Y BHCOKOM Y.
TpHjCKH AHDJIOMaTa (1582), nOBOAOM
neBajy y 3YK, Tj. Ha MeJIOAHjy necaMa
,!arc /I BJlaiIiKO YOUHCKU) H je1!fJe
bOCHH (CLTtaptlHe :XXIII, CTP, 25).
norpe6a KOMe je npHcYCTBoBao .y
A, TH AesojKo merJbHBa (l:beH 3anH\~
6anaAe (11 KJllllie oeaojKa) 3aGene}KHO
TproBaQ, paTHHK H nOMopcKH Kane
JaroAHHH.
npOHa~eH KpajeM XVI s.) H ?> UPY3H MH
je 1555. necHHK IIcTap XeKToposHn H
TaB, HHKOJIa. OXMyfieBHh y3 npenHC
KpajeM XVI B. nOJbCKH xpOHH'lap' H
. ropy npqjAome. OCTaBJba H Apyre
o6jasHo HX y 'Pu6qlby U pu6apcKoM,
QCMaHa TOKOM 1651,.1653. H 1654.
neCliRK Mahej CTPHjKOBCKH; Y CBOjHM
p;paroQeH(f Tparose pa3sHjeHe HapoA
iip!IZOaapaIbY. IIpBe ABe GyrapcKH
6eJIC}KH 6yrapmTHu;e 0 UOZU6fbU Kpa
CTHXOBHMa nOMHl:be Cp6e KOjH neBajy
He KI:bH}KeSHOCTH (M. IIaHTHh, 11a
I:be H3sHjaJIH cy pH6apH y06H'IajeHHM
.Iba BllaollCJIaaa Ha Kocoay H CMpiii.
jYHa~Ke neCMe. A XjepOI:bHM Mop
KlbwiceaHe. UPOUUIOCiii.u, CK3, 1978,
cpnCKHM Ha'IHHOM<~, K'aKO MeA APY
, 3Maja J!eciioiIia BYKa,
.
illTHH y AeJlY Swiatowa Roskosz, onHcyje
CTp. 70-98).
.
. lKHHOM'B<l3Aa CMO 'IHHHJlH. ATaKO Je
IIeTap 3PHHCKH (QKo' 1663) OCTaBJba
KaKO Meljy BojHHll;HMa Ty.}KHH CpGHH
Y AenemH MJIeTa~Koj CHI:bOPHjH 1547,
HatIMf{ on OHe nHCHH 11 KJlUlie oeaoj
3aGeJIe}KeHY nOiieaKY 0'0 Caulloje
sy'le Ayra'lKo ryAaJ}O nornysmH rpaBy
. CrufHTCKH KHe3 cnOMHl:be CJlenor !3oj
Ka, nHille XeKTopOBHh y nOCJlaIDI[(H
alJAa, Jypaj, KpH}KaHHn y C~eCJlOB~H
HaCTpaHY, H neBa 0 60p6aMa IIOJb~Ka,
}llIKa Kojil neBa Ha CIIJIHTCKOM Tpry 0
MHKmH ileJIerpHHoBHhy; H3BHl:bai3a ce
CKoj rpaMaTH[(H 6ene:lim ABa CTHX!i
H XpBaTa npoTHB:Typ\iKal< (I<:. reo
MapKY KpaJbeSHhy, a CSH. npHCyrnH
l.IlTO je' 3armcao neC;Me Koje H APyrH
AaHac H3ry6JP.eHe oyrapmTH4e: Join
prnjeBHh, "CpilcK,0xpaaiii.cKa 'HapOOHa
MY ce npH)J;py-xyjy.
. '
YMHj)" nOI3Hp;aTH. CSH';np}Ke H cItinie, '
HaY'IC 6iice,nIITH' Ao6pH MapKG- Kpa
iteCMa Y uOfbCKOj KIbUJICeaHociUti,,1936,.
XaHH&!JI llYIi CBOjoj l\paMH Po6ui-ba .. GyrapcKHue : 3a CTsapH, HCrHHe, 6pe3
CTp.2).,
.
" ..
.
..
.lbellHhy I A Ha TO MY, OArDBOPH. PMH- .
(npe 1553), CTaBJba. y nponor HapoAH~'
cyMl:be cq,aKe, na 3aTO HXje H OH Kao
caBe CHBCpHHtIC. Y cBofoj UaBopH
CeAaMHaeCTH BeK je 60raT He caMO
JIHpcKe CTHXOBe
HC1'HHOJby6aU OCTaBHO, He npH1IO}KHB
jH OCTaBJba nOAaTKe 0 cpnCKOM
nOMeHHMa 0 HapoAHoj KI:bH}KeBHOCTH
jeAHY pWI HajMaI:bY. TIPBY 6yrapillrn
ryca Me' oociiiWtCe,

Ha'IHHY, 1l0MHI:bC .neCMe H3 CHor AerH

Ben H 06JlHKOBaHOM, seOMa pacnpoc
l(y KnHKHYO je TIacKoje Ue6eJba,
Bojno Me o6panu,

J-bCTBa 0 MHnomy 06H1IHhy, HOBaKY

Tpal:beHOM H HHcnHpal'HBHOM YCMeHOM
APYry je 6yrapHO HHKOJIa 3eT. Tpe
6pajcn Me oo6WtCc,

):(c6eJbaKY, MapKY KpaJbeBHhy.

TpaP;Hu;HjoM, Koja ce YBJIa'lH Y HCTOPH

196

197

KpajeM XVII B. HBO AneTHH, ceKpe

llIilos /wareticos). y KOMe Aeo q,a6yne
Tap Ay6pOBaQKe Peny6JlHKe, 6ene)!{H
() ljaBOJJOBoj Kpaljl1 cyHl\a 0):1 60ra
6anany 0 KIleZUfbU Buoocaau.
O)~rOBapli MHOro6pojHHM Bep3HjaMa 0
~eTpHaeCT 6yraplllTHua 3anHcao je
I:(apy .ll.YKnHjaHi-IHY H npeKpa~H cyHua.
OKO 1690. ny6pOBa'lJKH neCHl:IX, CBe
PacnpOCTpalbCHHM onHCHMa CTpalll
IllTeHHK H epynHTa "Bypo MaTHja
Hor cYAa H IlOIlIJhCJ{lber BpeMeHa, n03
llleBHh (y PYKOUUCY oy6poaa~KoM HnH
HaTHM H y HapO,J:1Hoj lIoe3HjH H y npo3H,
HanH3HMO TPan)ll(l OA 6H6nHjcKHx TeK
PYKOUUCY Malle 6pahe). llepaw.Ku
PYKOUUC (HnH EanoBHheB) C Kpaja
C1'ona, 1\0 anoKpHq,Hor TeKCTa npopo
XVII B. Canp)KH neBeT 6yraplllTHua.
Ka HcaHje y npyroj non. XI B., npeKO
cnosa EIIHq,aHHja cpnCKe peQeH3Hje
llopen Tora, y nsa pYKOnHCa (C Kpaja
XVII HnH nO'I. XVIII B) paHHje npHnH
XV 8., nmuafbllMll 6oiopooUlie 0 ilipu
CHBaHa AH):(pHjH 3MajesHhy, llepa
'ipe.ra 11 llaJhc. <pa6yna 0 O'lfbeHoj
IllTaHHHY, Han6HCKYny 6apCKOM, Hana
Mapujll y iiaKIlY IIojaBJhyje ce y Haj
CTapH,jeM II03HaTOM jY)KHocnoBeHCKoM
3e ce:
TeKCTY H3 XII n., KojH je npeoo,J:1 TeK
- y npBOM, 6yraplllTHue 0 ocn060.\}elby
C1'OBa H3 VI 11 VII B. Hana3HMo ra y
Ee'la H jOIll TpH He06jaBJheHe 6yrap
KacHl1jHM rnaroJhCKHM H HHpHncKHM
IIITHUe (M. llaHTHh llpeUUCKa Cpeh
Ka BYJIOauha, 213-214);
TeKCTOBHMa on XV no XVIII s.
TIojcnHH<l 3aHHMn,HBa Ka3HBalba n03
y npyroM pyxonHcy, 6yraplllTHua 0
KOCOSCKOM 60jy (M. llaHTHH, KHe3
HaTa y YCMeHoj TpaJ{H[(HjH Hana3HJ1a cy
ce y MHoro6pojHHM cpenlboseKoBHHM
JIa3ap U KOCOBCKa 6uiUKa).
360pHI11(HMa ncreHnH H npH'la, Hellpe
llpHnOBe[(H, Koja je oCTajana Ha HSHI:(H
Be,J:1eHHM H IIpcBel.\eHHM Ha Halll je3HK
HHTepHaUHoHanHor H HaUHOHaJ1HOr,
Kao IlTO cy Legellda Aurea, Gesta
HaJ1a)KeHH cy H3BOpH,y 3a6aBHoj, n060
Romal/orum. CtTie<jJaHuili u I1xmi.l!aiU,
)KHOj H noyqHoj, npeoo):IHoj KlbH)!{eB
Uaem aCOKe MYopociUu, Blagdallar
HOCTH cpenlber BeKa, y 6ecenaMa, y
popa AlIddje iz Novoga. Sermones
anoKpHqmojHXarHorpaq,cKoj nHTepa
Di~cipuli, Fiore di Virtu, H :O:PYrHM; y
TypH. BeKOBHMa npeHollieHa YCMeHHM
pOMaHHMa, Kao IllTO je POMaH 0
nyTeM, OHa je y CBOM nHcaHO~ 06nl:lXy
'AneKCaH1\py BeJIHKOM, 0 TPOjH...
HOCHJJa. 'leCTO q,OJJ1C:lIOpHa, HHTepHa
[(HOHanHa 06ene)!{ja. TpaHcq,opMHIny
TIpl1nOBeTKe 0 MY,J:1POM ConoMoHY,
npeBeneHe H3 BH38HTHjcKe KlbH)!{eB
HH ce H3 ~onKnopa y nHTepapHH
HOCTH y ~IV B., npOTOTHn cy. MHOrHM
TeKCT, H3 lbera oneT npena3Hna y
HapOnHHM npH'IaMa..llpHn0BeTKe 0
YCMe1Iy . pe'I, nocTajana HapOnCKa nHCHuH Koja ,ce IIpaBH,MpTBa, 0 aHljeny
ny'lKa H HapOnHa H nOHOSO 6Hna
H nyCTHlhaKY, Q HecnpeTHOM nponasuY
. npl':Y3HMaHa Y nHcaRY KlbH)!{eBHOCT.
MarapUa KOj~ IiCTH'le'lberose MaHe (m
A<?CTa H3y'laSaH y Halloj HaYUH 0
UBetTia BcaKe Myopociliu, rnaroJhCKH
KlbH)!{eSHOCTH, osaj CHCTeM Se3a npen
PYKOnHC, 110'1. XV B.) )KHBe H naRac y
TaSJha nOCe6HQ nornaSJhe OnHoca H
Hallloj HapO):lHoj KlbH)!{eBHpcTH. EH6
npO)I{HMalpa YCMeHe H nHcaHe KlbH
)!{eSHOCTH H MO)Ke ce npaTHTH Kao
JIHjcKa nereHna 0 CO):lOMH H rOMOpH y
ynpolllhcHOM 06nHKY y HHPHJ1CKOM
HenpeCTaHH npouec CH)!{ejHHx 06nHKo
. PYKOIIHCY C Kpaja XV seKa, nonynapa
salba, 'lHje. nojenHHe' q,a3e OCTaBJhajy
ce c.nereHAapHHM IIpHqaMa oTaBaHY,
cBoje ~IHcaHe Tparo'Be; a HMajy. spen
HOCT CBenO'Ia,HCTBa 0 nOCTojaHoM KOH
noce6HO C npe:u:albHMa 0 HaCTaHKY je
!:"II

'.
THHYHTeTY :Hapon,CKOI" H HapoAHor
3epa. rna.ro~cKH,pYK9nHC nona MHXO
npmIO:Qenalb<l., ' .
. .
sima H3 1558: ):I(mOCH napa60JIy 0
TaKas '[par MO)Ke ce YCJ10BHO HaHH if y
pajcKoj IITHUH; HHPHJICKH PYKOimc H3
XVI B. npHnOBeTKy Bpa'I - BapHjaH
Aeny npOTHB jepeTHKa BH3aHTHjcKor
noneMH'Japa "3 XI B. (Epistula invecti
Ty npHnoBeTKe H3 ByKOBe 36HpKe
va contra Phundagiagitas Sive Bogo
Ycyo. TIpHlIoBeTKe 0 nporolbeHoj

198

l.\eBoj[(H onjeK cy nOlIynapHlIx npHqa 0

qYAeCHMa rrpeCBeTe DorOpOAHl\e.
llO'leTKOM XVII B., MaTHja AHBKOBHh
IlpeBo~H Cilio 'lyoeca a.auiUu 31laMefba
611a:JICeHe u CllaBHe 6oiopOOUl12 OUBUlle
Mapuje (ca JIaTHHCKor Cl'lHca m XV
B.). 06jaBJhyje cBoje 6eceAe H HJlyc
Tpyje HX nonynapHHM IIpHnoBeTKaMa,
y xpHlllhaHcKo MopanH<:TH'IKe cBpxe.
TOKOM uenor XVII H XVIII B. 60caHc
KH q,palbeBQH H KajKaBcK1:I IIHCQH
KopHCTe TaKBe HJlYCTPa[(Hje.2

MapliHK()llIIh.

U3 /II/we KH,UJlCeflllOciiiu cJ>ey

1l)5l). M, BOI1lKOHHh-CTYIlH.
iil'lIii""jei'iih'e 1963. YCMeHu KlbtlJlCeB

,)1/.1IWl ()ofill.

Hapm)J/e
Haem.

IlJ7K
H,M.-');.,

nOHAUJbAlhE. 06YXBaTaH, TpanHI(HOltaJ1(lH TepMHH 3a HH3 noeT

CKo-cTHncKHX lIoCTynaKa KOjH ce 06H
'\HO CBOllC Ha 1l0HCTOBeHHBalbe, cyn
pOTCTaBn,albC 1:1 lIapanenH3Me. TIPH
CYTHO ,jOlII Y pa3HHM BHnOSHMa MarH
jCKHX <P0PMYJlH. UOHaBJhalbe je HajCTa
1 3a'I(''THH'IKIl HlICOM3 oGHMaH lIC'fOPlIjCKJ! npe

pHjH HU'IMH YMCTHH'IKor MHIllJhelba,

rllC)( OHHX nOMcHa H3anHca ]lao jc B. Jamb. y

nyT
Ka THnO.llOrM3auHjH, anH Ii OC
cllojoj HciiitJpuju KIbUJKeHHOciiiu H rpobu ao
HOBHO CPCLlCTHO 3a H3rpa:O:lbY YMeT
CJWRUHCKY HUP()OHY iioe3ujy. PM JA3Y. 176.
HWIKor OCTBapelbtl Kao uenHHe. MO)Ke
KII,. 37; CIICJ{C pallOIlH m. JbyGllba. PM JA3Y.
1877. KIL. 40; T. MaTHba. PAa. 1925~ KH,. 231 II
OHTH AS(lCTPYKO HJIH BHllleCTPYKO. :vI
1927. KH,. 233; r. ByjaC3. HOlla PClluja 1939. Gp.
Ha HHBOY 3BYKoBHor cnoja H Ha neKCH
XVIII; Jl. KOCTuba. HeKOJiuKtJ 6elleJICOKa ()
'IKOM HlIlmy, '3<lBHCH On CMHcaOHe
HOPOOHOj iiipoou!juju, nnHn. 1935, Kfh. 2. CII.
nenHHe IImpcr CKnolIa y KOMe ce
2: B. .n3T1Wlluba. 0 ueRO .. u.wO.... nKJH<I>.
jaBJhCl, OJ{ nOeTCKC CHHTaKce, KOMn03H
1954. XX. CII. 3-4; CII. MaTHba, OiiiKOO
I(Hje YCMCHe TBopesHHe, an1:l H lbeHor
U(}'<UH>e HUUle eUCKO iieHOIb/!. nMc. 1962. Kfh.
)KaHpa.
390, CII. 1; M. naHTHb3, Jy'iOCIlOlleHcKo KIbU
llOHaJ;ln,HH,e y nHpcKoj noe3HjH npo
JlCeliHociii u YCMeNa HapooHa KIbUJ/(eaHociii <lIt
ny6Jhyje CMOQHjy, naje jenHHCTBO OC
XV XVIIlllCKa. nKJH<I> 1963. XXIX, Gp.
HOSHOM pacnOJIO)KeIbY. Ha HCTOM
1-2: HCTH, BapOoHe ueCM/! y a.aUUCUMa
XV-XVI/l 6eKU. Bcorpa){. 1964~ M. Bow
HHSOY CTpyKType. AOCJ1enHHM ysolje
KOIIUb-SIUm. lloajeciii XpOOmCK
KIbUXa.
lbeM )},HOIlHX pe'm, IIpOIllHpyje MHca
Hociiiu KIL. I, YCMeHU K_XI!fIHOciii, 3arpe6.
OHy nopYKY, KOHKpeTH3yje aM61:1jem:..
1978. Hl\pyrH.
Y nHpcKoj I1ecMH"o nonaCKY CBaTOBa C
AeBojKoM (BYK I182), CaCTaBJheHoj 01.\
2 CHCTC~I3TCKa npo)"laIl3H>3 u31lOpa HnapaJlClla
'leTHpH paBHOMepHO nOHOBJheHa TPO
HapollHllx npll'l3 3anO'lenll cy B. Jamb 1867. y ,
CTHxa, npOMeHa KOjy YHoce )}HOBe
CBOjOj Hciiiopujll KJbU1ll:CSH()ciiiu, II CrojaH
pe'lH je H CYIllTHHCKa IIpOMeHa Koja
HOB3KOllHb y: Hl1uUr cUUlpa KJbUJlCe6HOcin U
he 6HTH YHeceHa y l.\eBoj'l1:lH )KHBOT.
ua80pu NOUIUX NapooHux YMoiiiaopUHa.
nOHaBJhSlba THnH3yjy CJl~ nOBeneHe
,.BlIJla. 1868, IV; )/(u60iii Ca. Bocoja HOIIo'i,
HeBeqe Ha KOlbY, CBY HeMHHOBHOCT
CnoMeHHK.CKA 1840, XXIX; 'Bypo }laHH'IUb,
lbeHor HenoBpaTHor O.LlnaCKa, CBY
CuiiiHuju cUIICII, III, CAHY, noce6Ha H3]laHoll
Kfh. 9DLXXXV1.1975; To~1O MapeTllb, Der
q,1:I3H'!KY HeMorYHHocT o6a3Hpalba
Altkroatische Text eine Mirakels... Archiv fIIr
Koja nOCTaje nCHXH'IKH 3aXTeB ,!a
slavishc Philologic, '1882, VI, 'CuiiiHUjU
lteOCBp,Talbe, HMnepaTHB 3a npHx
UpUII03U.3lDKO, 1902; VII; naBJIe nOIlOBHb,
BaTalbe Ho!,!e nopOI.\Hue. '
llpuilo8eUIKC 0 O80jl411
6e3 PYKy; CK3, 1905;
H3 .KIbU:HI:e8Hociiiu. Bl7I~ '1909; P. OI;poxlIJI,
,.O(ia3pll ce, Jleii'a.l:J.fleiIio, Majl(a iIie'
f!JoIlKJlbpuciiiu'<KU
iipUlloau
U3
CUlope
30fle...

xpRaiiicKe KH:.ule, 3lDKO, 1910, XV; llpUIIUK,

Hmu' {;e .Moly o(i1.f3peiIiu HU OOI138(J.iIiu,

. 3H:>KO 19i7, XXI H' XXII, 1918, XXIII;

.~llHece .Ml! ialN, 3eJleHKIJ M~by ci3eKpBe,,

'Xp8oulCKe ,2Ila'iO./bCKe Klbu~e. 3r6. 191,

nCTlIp'KoIIC.Hl\Hh, Fiore di virtu. nKJH<I>, 1923.

III: <l>pafhO raJIHHClt, KIbU:HI:eRHO uopujeKllo
HK.a
XP80UICKUX HaPOOHUX Upuuo8ujeooKI1,

3H)J{O, 1940, XXXII, CII. 2; a. naBJIollHh, - P.

TaHaHl! 'leTBopOCTPYKH neKCHQKH

napanenH3aM: ,MajKa - cseKpBa, OTaQ CBeKap, 6paT - ncsep, H ceja 3aOBa,

199

.'
"

iI:
~

i;
[;

I:
Ii

!
'1

.t
~~,

3aOKp)')Kyje O):lHOCe y naTpHjapxaJlHoj

3a):lpY3H, CJl)')KeftH KaO H nOHaBJbalbe,
H3rpa;O;lbH CBHX ;o;eJIOBa neCMe H lbeHe

TClKBO jc H rOTOBO ):IOCJIOBHO no

HClBJbalbe KOCOBCKe KneTBC y OKBHpy
caMor KOCOBCKor Kpyra necaMa.
)J:pyrH BHIt l'IOHal3Jbalba npencra8Jha
I1peHOlllClbe pctrn H3 ):lHpeKTHor y
HH):1HpeKTHH roBOp H 06PHYTO, KOjc
HHKan HMje nOcnOBHO:

nemlHe.
Y Hamoj noe3HjH peq,peH je ):IOCTa
peAaK. IlojaBJbyje ce Y nojeAHHHM
06pe):lHHM neCMaMa, T)')K6aJIHl\aMa H
6yrapmTHl\aMa. Y3 ynory npc):laxa
KOjy HMa 3a neBa'la, Kao H My3H'lKy
YJIory, PCq,PCH, Kao npaBHJIHO no
HaBJbaHa pe'l HJIH CHHTarMa, Morao jc
HMaTH y nO'lCTKY H MarnjCKY q,YHKl\H
jy (oj, ):lOnO, oj nO):lOJIc!). YJIory
peq,peHa, y TCOPHjH 3Ha'lajHor 3a nCH
XOJIOmKo-CMOTHBHH nJIaH, y Hamoj
nHpcKoj noe3HjH npcy3HMajy caMH
nOHOBJbeHH CTHXOBH HnH ):ICJIOBH
CTHXa.
IlpcMa cnOJbamlbHM q,OPMaJlHHM 06c
JIC)KjHMa jcnaH BHA nOHaBJbalba y
cncKoj noc3HjH CBOAH CC Ha roTOBO
):lOCJIOBHO nOHaBJbalbC Bcli H3rOBO
peHHX pe'lH HJIH CTHxOBa, KOjc
npCHOCH TaKo~e y yrtpaBHOM rOBOpy
HCKO J(Pyro JIHl~e HJIH HCTO TO mme.
TaKBo jc J(BOCTPYKO, 'J(OCJlOBHO 110Ha
B1balbc nonHjeBKc rp'lHfta MaHojna"
):lOK Kp03 ropy BOAH caaTOBC:

r"ifi()(m Mil 'iodi"')cKa I(OHalCa

"Xo/je iiama HUMa lUI I(OHaICU
"O'lllciiill Mil ifiplu)ecetTt ()()aja
"na Mllllluiiie mplUkceiii (}oaja

(By" 111/5)

3ClTMM, H3HOlIlClbC CTBapHOr nora~aja,

KUO OCTHapclba npeTXOnHOr B~elba
Tora noraljaja:
- flo 'Iyj. CilHe rpyjlll(a ()ujeiUe,
('IlYIIIl. ell/Ie. 'i(Jct/(}(kICC Xa.lbUHe

lia nUY/III fiy'iapcKe XU.lbIiHe

ilu iiollew UY')lIK 1I11 paMellY.

- Kti() iiio ,1a'IY lIolllllColluh rpyjo,
je')lltlK Cfl.lla'lll CIlIIII y II Kaouq,y,
1I oU.IIa'/lI uy'iapcKe XlI.lblllle
iia i/ollece uy()aK 111 paMellY

HH3 YCT<lJbeHMX OnMCa 3aceAa, Mer

naHl1, KOHatlelba, IIYTOBalba, nOHaBJba
ce Ha CJlM'IaH Ha'lMH HC caMO y jenHoj
"neCMH, Beft M MHorMM nCCMaMa HCTor
Mlla6 iiAaHUHO, ICp6aI3U ICpajuno,
TCMaTCKor Kpyra. )];0 H3pIDKaja nOJIa3H
'1YOHO IIU CU Y ICp802pe3HYIIa
OCHOBHa oc06eHOCT nOHaBJbalba >,no
MHo'ie IIU cu MajlCe ojaoUlla,
HCTOBeftMBalb<1 HCTOponHHX nojaBa. Y
MHo'ie ceciiJ.pe y '!Plto 3a6U11a,
yo06ulle y pao oiUiipa8U11a,
MCTOM CMHTaKCH'IKONf H Bcp6anHOM
oU II' hew ollllac Mol ojaouiiJ.' AlUjlCy?
cKnony 36MBalba, Kp03 60j npOJIa3e
CBM y'ICCHHI\H cBa):l6c HOBaKOBHft
(BYK'1II/6)
rpyje MClbajy ce CaMO lbHxOBa HMeHa
(BYK III/6), Kao IJJTO ce Melbajy reo
TaKBa je TPOCTpYKO nOHOBJbeHa nopy
rpa$CKH ~OK3nMTCTH Y OllHCY nyTO
Ka CTpIDKe oJ( Apana - BOjCl\H Aa Ha
Balba, HJIM MCCTa KOHa~elba y YBeK
naJ(HY TypKC ):lOK je MapKo KpaJbCBHft .
QCTOM nMCMY MJI8ne HeBeCTC MajItif y
O):lcyTaH:
neCMH PMIJJIb3HHH xaJ.lMja H JIMMYH
. TproBal\:'
, '.
Cao HJl6aJiu ./byiUa Apauujo!

/feM{l OHO'i CiUpawHo'ia jYHalCa

,Ha /Ullpeily KOInY Be.llUlCoMe.~
,

'"

'

..

'

(B'yK 11/61) ,

TaKaB je H TPHllYT nOHOBJbeHH ):lHjaJIOr

H3Me~y MapKa H TypaKa:
Mope, MaplCo, He opu 0PYMOBe!
Mope, TYPl~U. He ias'me opaJbQI

, PaH;) pu/1Il Alljdiu C!etlOjlCa

.
KH>li:zy 'ipai>li iiie :MUmepU tita.rbe:
!>3t)pUHfi CAW UUI. MajiCtt, (y 3BOPHUKY.)
Ot)amlle c~ CHamll ll()()/t'imue,
11311fjoUie /la rJlU~'III/CKY PUfIllU
3()pUfIO CMO iiill. MajKO (lia rJlUCUllIjJ)
O,)at'wle ce ("MUll! llO()1I2QUle
()() Y npuIY. y Kucufiy AIU.IIy
(BYK 111/611)

200

TIoCMaTpaHa Kao OCHOBHa cpe;L\CTBa 3a

M3rpanibY YMeTHHtlKOr o~apelba,
Kao ueJIHHe, Kao ncnOBH q,opMynHor
cnma, KaO y>KH ImH I!lRpH MOAenH
YCMeHe YMCTHOCTH pe'lM, caa OBa no
HaBJbalba y enHl\H HMajy cnCl\Hq,H'IHY,
ce6H CBOjCTBCHY q,YHKl\Hjy.
IlonHjeBKa rptlHfia MaHojJIa, npH
npeMa cyn6HHCKH CYK06 MC~y CBa
TOBHMa, ynpaBo CBOKal\HjoM nOHOB
JbeHHX cyK06a KOjH cy ce nOra~aJIH, He
caMO Ha MJIaB llJIaHMHH, Hero cy O):ly
BeK 6HJIH npaTHOUH xajny'IKHX )KeHH;L\6M. IlopYKa CTPIDKe oJ( Apana CBO
jMM nOHaBJbalbeM npo;L\y6Jbyje J(HB
JbClbe npeMa MapKOBOM jYHaIJJTBY.
IloHoBJbeHH nHjaJIor H3MC~y MapKa H
TypaKa - npKOCHO jc cynpOTCTaBJbalbe
Ha;L\Hpalba TypCKe CHJIe. CMHpeHa,
nOHaBJbaHa nHCMa Majl\H 0 KpeTalbY
CBaTOBa, nOja'laBajy HaneTOCT y
OtleKHBalbY 6YPHMX nora~aja. CBaKO
O):l nOHaBJbalba npC):lCTaBJba enCKO
cpCnCTBO peTap;L\al\Hje H nyT nOMe
palba panlbe Ha yHyTaplbeM M cnOJbaIJJ
lbeM llJIaHY.
Ilocc6HY q,YHKl\Hjy H;LIejHor 06je;L\Hlbe

Iba HMajy nOH8BJbalba y OKI3Hpy jenHor

UHKJIyca necaMa (KHe)KeBa KJIeTBa Y
KOCOBCKOM KPyry, HT;L\.). YJIOra yon
IJJTaB8lba H THnH3al\Hje Mo:iKe ce npH~
llHcaTH ):lOcnOBHHM nOHaBJbalb~a y
BH;qy nOCJIOBHua H H3peKa, Koje ce
YKa3yjyftH Ha YTBp~eHe 06H'IajHe,
MOpaJIHe, ;qpYIJJTBeHe Hal\HOHaJIHe
HopMe. nojaBJbyjy y CKJIOny l\eJIe
enCKC TPaAHQHje:

Hapoj:\Ha nCCMa. MO)Ke oaTH neBaHa y3

MY3H'IKy np8Tlby. M3 je;L\HOr MJIH ):lBa

rnaca. 03Ha t JaBa H necMY Ha HapO;L\

HY<{ - AYXOBHY, Koja Tpe6a Aa 38YSMe

MeCTO He'IMCTex M cp8MOTHex Jby6e
3JIHBeX 1I0neBKMX, y xpBaTcKoj
KlbIDKCBHOCTM XVII H XVIII B., Hnp. Y
MOIlIliJ1BeHoj KlnIlJICUl~U H3 1651,
HcycoBua HHKOJIe Kpaja'IeBHlia.1 2.
EncKa lleCMa. Y UPHOj rOpH H npM
MOpjy lIjccMa KQja ce y3 rycne njeBa
(Byx, PjelHllK).
3. TepMMH KOjH ce nope):l Ha3MBa
6yrapulTMI(a ynoTpe6JbaBa 3a neCMe
):lyror CTMxa - 1I0nHjeBKHlbe cy cnD
BeHCKC IICCMe Koje ca;L\p)Ke HCToPHjy
H3BaHpe}(HHX no;qBHra (nHcMeHa H3ja

sa 6ocaHcKor 6McKyna A. MaTCHfta C

Kpaja XVI B.). Y EOrHIJJHfieBoj 36HPUH

Hnp., ):ly6poBa'IKM pyxonHc HOCH Ha3HB

nofijeaKe CIIOBIIHCKe cKYUJoeHe 2. 1758.

Ilope;q CIlCKMX, pYKonHc Canp)KH H

jenHy JIHPCKy lIeCMY 3azllaaaK uoi1'je

BKe !tllll aOpaBIlI(e. 2

H.M,-'&.

I B. <I>, KYKa'l. Jy,}f(1tll('JItIHieH~Ke HapOQUe uouu

e"",e. lR7!l-I!l!l1. I-IV: V KaHra H3 1941; B.

)KraHel\. 3(jOpH"'" jyzoclluHeHcKux HUPOOHUX

nofljeHtl"". JA3Y 1951H962.
2 Yn, " Haen,,!! nCCMC. Kao "noneBKa 01\ CBHno
jcnna.II'I'II.

nonOBlfli, "aDJle (1868-1939),

KlbH)KeBHH HCTopHtlap H KpHTH'Iap,

~poq,ecop jyrOCJlOBCHCKe KfbIDKeBHO
CTH Ha Eeorpa;L\cKOM YHHBep3HTery,
'IJIaH CAHY, OCHHBa'I H ype;L\HHK
IlpHnora 3a KlbH)KeBHOCT, je3HK,
rpujoiUa je yopuiU' nil ceaiU06e
nCTopHjy. H q,OJIKJIOP., 113Y'laB~0
II oeHojilu cfiehy YKUIlYiUu.
KIbIDKeBHOCT, 0):1 cpe;qlboBcKoBHe 'J(~
):lCJIa caBpeMe~HX nHcaQa. 113 06naCTH
(BYK 111/68)
HapOI\He .KlbH)KeBHOCTH 3Ha'lajHH cy
Y . J.IP03HHM YM:OTBOpHHaMa nOHaB~ 'lberosH"pa):lOBH: [Jpuii.oeeiii.Ko Q Oe6()j
Jbalbe ce 1l0jaBJbyje H Ha JIeKCH'IKOM H
I~lt 6e3 pyKY (1905); 114 Ha~UX Hapoo
Ha CHHTaKCHtlKQM H Ha KOMn03H- " '1f,UX, Uptl,!o:eeoaica (CKr, l~; 1903);.
B'olliIit:p'lt HaUie HapooHe i1puuo~emKe
'l\HOHOM HHBOy.: Ilpenc:raBJba, He CaMO'
(MCTO. XII y i904); Supzep U Hawe Ha': ,
Ha'lHH KapaKTepH3al\Hje jyHaKa, Bc::ft H
pooHe ujJllflOae iii Ke (HCTO, XXX,
BM;L\ CTHJIH3aUHje.

1913); MoiiacQH

It Hame HapooHe upu

iioaeiJ1Ke (EocaHcKa BHJIa, VII,
1914); H0611ju paoo6u 0 Hawoj HaPO
OHOj t1oe3uju (MHcao, XL, 1931);

H. M,-1>,

nonEBKAt nOIlHJEBKA (BonSD

Ka, nonHeBK9, nonjeBKHlLa). 1. JIHpCKa

201

CpUCT<e rtapoorte upuuoaeiiiT<e u T-bUXO

Be 36upKe (CKr IX, 1903); OKOJlO

Matlo'i PaiJojUile (36opHHK y cnaBY <1>.
BHIlllbHha, 1935); llpe'ilteiJ cpiicKe
KT-bUJICeartociiiu (Beorpa)l 1909 - BlIIlle
H3)lalba) - Hapooua KT-bUJICeauociii, ca
6H6nHorpalj>HjoM.
p,n,

nOPE'BEH.E (KOMllAPAUUJA).
Kao YMeTHH'IKa CTpYKTYPa, jellHo je OA
HajCTapHjHx cpeACTaBa KlbIDKeBHor
H3pruKaBalba. 06je)lHlbyje Asa jaCHo
pa3)lBojeHa npe)lMeTHa nO)lpY'lja, Ko
ja ce )lOSOAe y Meljyco6HY Be3y, 6HllO
nOHCTOBehHBalbeM, 6HllO cynpOTcTa
BJbalbeM. IIpeMa BehHHH TeOpeTH'Ia
pa, nopeljelbe cna)la y Ij>mype MH
cnH, npe CBera 3aTO IllTO ynyhyje Ha
IllHpH CMHcao OHora IllTO je HCKa3aHO.
CBOjOM npOAYKTHBHOIllhy, MHoroCTpa
HOIllhy BapHjaQHOHHX MOryftHOCTH,
IllHPHHOM 06nHKOBalba, noce6HO je
3Ha'lajHo y YCMeHoj KlbIDKeBHOCTH.
<1>YHKQHOHijIlle Kao !'mcaOHQ-ij3pa
}KajHH MO)len KOjH cn~H, C je)lHe
CTpaHe, YCMeHoj HMnpOBH3aQHjH H
npeHoIlleiby, C )lpyre, 3a)l<?BOJbelbY
eCTeTCKD-CTHllCKHX 3aXTeBa YCMeHe
YMeTHOCTH pe'lH. Y CBOM Hajca:iKeTH
jeM 06m1KY, nopeljelbe KOPHCTH
H3pruKajHe MoryhHoCTH an03HQHoHHX
. H npellHKaTHBHHX KOHCTpYKQHja )leno
Ba CTHxa neCMe HllH' ~enor cTHXa;
np03HHX ceKBeHQli; lt3peKa H nocnoBH
Qa (MOM'Ie nepjaHH'te; 6HCTpa'BO)la
'CY3e TBoje; PYMeH Kao p~a, 60c Kao
nac; 3aKyxaIlle KaHO KYKaBHQe; je3HK
uenaT; 'tOBjeK 6e3 3aHaTa Kao xyha 6e3
xajaTa). Y IllHpOXOM OOHMY, nopel)e
lbe ce npeoopa~a y cIDKejHY KOHCTpYK
QHjy H 'tHHH QenY necMY.
lise jaw!. Kpoa oPClIflje.'
liae AU je? CYHlle AU je?
Y.:aoa AU j/9 aBuj~oa AU je?
.Ceo~(} 4U je? Cpe6po AU te?

BHllO Aa <:e OllHOCH HacTalbe HHH Ha

36HBalbe, Aa ynopeljyje pa3HOCTpaHe
CHTyaQHje H TOKOBe, pa)llbe, nopeljelbe
ce H3pIDKaBa OTBOpeHO H 311JW}KaBa

ooa cBoja npeJlMeTHa nO)lpY'lja. ,Il,pyro

- ceKYHllapHO nOAPYtlje, Kp03 Koje ce
IlpBO Onpa}KaB<I, YCMepa!!a Ka CTBap
HOCTM Koja CBojMM YCTaJbeHHM pe)lOM
CTBapH M CBojOM, HopMaTHsHoIllhy
ca'IHlballa cnojesHT OOH'lajHH )KHBOT H
npOCTOp YCMeHor CTBapaoua H npH
MaOQa. Y TOj YCTaJheHOCTH BruKelmx
HOpMH MO)Ke ne)KaTH H 06jaIlllbelbe 3a
YCTaJbeHOCT caMHX nopeljelba, 3a
lbHXOSY T11nonomjy.
Ha BHCOKOM cTynlbY YMeTHH'lKOr
pa3BHTKa. HalIIa YCMeHa KlbIDKeBHOCT
"eMa MHOro T3B. CTapHjHx nopelje
lba .mja je cnHKOSHOCT HCKJhY'lHBO
CnOJhaUllber THn<l ('loseK
'IOBeKOSa
CnOJhalllIbOCT). Y06H'IajeHH OnHC
AeBoja'IKc nenOTe Koja npe)lCTaBJba
HAean, 06JIHKyjC ce MaXOM HCTHM
1I0peljeH,HMa C IlPMPOllOM Koja 'lOBeKa
OKPY}Kyje, C pa)lIbUMa Koje ce Kpaj
Ibera O:Lumjajy M 1l0HaBJha ce y CBHM
apCTaMa HaIlle HapO)lHe Iloe3Hje:

Ycfiiu cy joj - Kyfiillju m~h.epa

3yfill t'Y joj - ()lltlllll.,U 6ucepa
0'111 cy joj - ()flU fillcilipu KJlaOeHl{a, uiiio.

OnHCY ce lloAajc IIOKPCT H 3ByK KOjH

. OjeHBJbaBajy enHKY:
Kur) ce cMllje K'O ()u fillcep cuje
KIU) L'e lI/ehe KUO iiuyH.lIIlU
Kur) 'iiJlloplI KO ,)" 20Jlyfi zy<le.

Y Ij>YHKQHjH nOCTCKor xa3HBalba,

nopel)eH>C He npe)lCTaBJha MpTaB KllH
me. Beh MHoro 'leIlllie Ha'l~ H3pa
)KaBalba eMOQHje:
.I0(jO MujKy I/o IjYJl-OUllu-nu Booa,
,aOIl()()1I je MPKoj iliP'bllHUllu.
Bm)ulU, MujKo, J.tpice iiipH>UHUI{e.
OHuKlle t'Y ()'IU y'ljellojKe,
, Y"lje(fOjKe, u YMoje, MUjKO!
(nC'l'aHllHHh 1/197)'

BnHCKOM KOHKpeTH3aQHjoM, nopel)e

!beM H3 npHpOlle, CHH nOKYIIIaBa )la
CBeKpBH upH6nH}KH B01heHY ),:(eBojKY
6YAyhy CHIlXy, 'lHja ce nenOTa nOlrnana

202

MOM HeHOll1eHO 3naTO, y crrpe3H ca

3Ha'le1bCM H Callp}KHHOM l\ene neCMe,
Koja CBOJIHpa CY)l6I'lHY MnaAe YCKO'IKe
J'hy6e oit HeAeJbc AUHa, OCTaBJ'heHe ca
CBeKpBOM, nJleMCHHTe H BepHe MY}KY.
KOjH 3apo6JbeH 'laMH y TaMHHUH.
IIopeljeH,a Y HaIlloj HapO)lHoj noe3HjH
1I0jaBJbyjy ce MHOro BHIlle y Ij>YHKQHjH
CH}Kea IICCMe Hero Kao YMeTHH'lKa
l~oTpc6a 3a pa3BMjalbeM caMor nopeA
OCHor HOltPY'ljU. H)JiXOBa sep6anHa
Il1KpTOC'I', IIPOHcTcKna H3 CruKeTOCTH
HUpOJlHC lleCMC. aCOMa je aCOQHjaTHB
HH H OTKPHS<l MHoro6pojHe enojeBe
KynTYpe H UHBHnH3aQHje, HCTopHjCKe
nepHOllC. 06H'la,iHe, eTHH'lKe, eMO
TMBHe, CTM'IKC )lOMeHe. KruKlbaBalbe
M3)lajCTB<l BYKa BpaHKOBHha 3aMH
Il1Jb8 ce Y HapO)lHoj neCMH Kao noCTy
mllbe C IbHM Koje he ra HajBHIlle YHH
3HTH - IIOMCToseTHTH ca ynoroM )KeH
CKor npe}{MBa. Ha H3rne)l je}:lHOCTaBHo
nopeljeH>c, 3a aYIlHTopHjYM n03HaTO,
nyHo je cMM60nH'IKHx acoQHjaQHja, O)l
H3rne}:la npe)lHBa, YBHjalba H yrrpe
Aalba, llO, HOPM<lTHBHOr CTaTyca }KeHe y
naTplijapXallHOM )lPYIllTBY.

ca OIlIllT:fIM HapOAHHM HlleanOM neIlO

Te.

OcnalbajyftH ce Ha HCKYCTaa H 6nHCKe

cnHKe, H3 CBor paTapClcor )KHBOTa,

jYHaK BeOMa ycnenHM nopel)elbeM

HCKa3yje CBOjy Jby6aBHY cTpacr:

Mapywe. Mupywe, jacH.U'./IIece'lUH.O,

He ciiioju ciipoiiiu ./IIeHe, uazopex au iiie6e,
KUKO JleH. au (WOU, 60CUJleK aa pocu,
OOCUJIeK au poCU, 'leopuKu au ceHKa,
<IeOpUKU au ceH.Ka, jYH.UK 3a oeeojKa.

(a. HCllHh. Gp. 173)

qecTO ce 3Ha'lelba Ilopeljelba npeHoce
Ha jeAaH }:Iy6JbH eCTeTCKH H eTH'lKH
nnaH. Y je)lHOCTaBHoj neCMH, Koja
Qena npeACTaBJba npOIllHpeHO nope
Ijelbe, )leBojKa MonH rony6a )la joj He
nall.a Ha ManHHe:
Kao JKaJlUH.e apeAe 6yoy
U CUJKe he oilaouiiiu
6uw KO cyae y ljeoojKe,
UPBY H.oAI{}' y JlOJICMU1{U,
Kao joj opu'iu Jlulje /by6u.

(MX VIlf197)

I:

Ii
!i

Ii11
'!

AKO JIll, Mil DO'i 1/ cpetw ouoe, .

fiie w ailpllj(J cq Kocollu BpaiiiUJII,
YX(juiiilthy ByKa DPUH.KOBI,tha,
Beauhy iu ya fiio fiojHo KpliJbe
Kuo JlCellll Kyc)e,n,' ya iipeCJlUI{}'.

II03HaTa cnHKa' H3 npHpOAe en}')KH He

caMO npen03HaaalbY" Tyre }:IeB9ja'lKe,
Beh OTKpHBa H qeo lbeH 3aTBopeHH
CKY'leHH CBeT 'le}Klbe, 'IeKalba, CTpaxa
H Haj3a)l AaBalba - OiUla KaA TO IIVO
nHcyjy CTpore, YTBpljeH~ HopMe na
TpHjapXallHe 3ajellH~Qe. Cnoll.lfe enH
Ke cn~e 3a OTKpHBalbe yayTapH>HX
oco6eHOCTH Y.Ilopel)l!Blmor nHKa, !be
rOBor nOHaIllalba H AenOBaH>a:

(By" 11149)

Ka)l nopcljeiba y encKoj noe3HjH HMajy

Ij>YHKQHjy }:Ia HCKa}KY YHYTpaIlllbe rrCH
xonOIllKO CTalbe jYHaKa, OHa ce HCTO'
Kao y nHPHQH enY)Ke CIIOJhHHM n03Hll
THM cnHKaMa H3 HCKYCTBa neBa'la.
Y3HeMHpeHOCT HBe CelbaHHHa, KOMe
TYP'IHH xohe )la npeOTMe He!3eCTY,
HllYCTpyje ce nopel)elbeM H3 }KHBOTa:

'OJ Ciiiojune, fa6fKO 00 aJlaiiia,

JKajKa iiie je eeA aa60paBIUUl.
CH.ae leJle aa60paBuiii' HeAy.
, CHUO leJlo, H.eH.OWeMO 3J1aiiio!
(By~ 111125)

'y nqpet>elby C 'HeHOIlleHHM 3.!1a~M,.

ynyhe(IoM 'CHaXH" y' TpeHYTXY: Ka}:l ce,
OHa nocne )leBeT rO}:\HHa "eKalba
npey}:\aje, He npeoBnaljyje crrOJbHH H
Haj60Jhe YO'IJhHB elj>eKaT 3J1aTa - cjaj,
BefioHaj YHYTap:IbH, Hcxa3aH CHHTar-

203

II(~ fiio MilO il CJlYwu /I 'iJteou.

flu i:e MilO Ilepr!' OKO KJla()u
Ko IU)'Zl}IlU OIll{U O() a(xu)u.
iBy" 1111271 .

Tyra MHTpa JaKIllHha rroene cyx06a C

6paToM, Aona3H }:IO nyHor H3pruKaja
HCKa30M COKona:

.~

r
J

Me1lu jecille 6ea KpU/la Mojeza

nopOnHllH H 3anpY3H. HJIH ce neBajy

HCKJbY'IHBO y nOpO]\H'IHOM Kpyry:
ycnaBaHKC. neCMe Ha 6a6HHaMa H CJI.

~O 6pailly je01l0M 6ea opyzoza.

(ByK 11/97)

QBe neCMe neBajy Hajqemlie 0 TyrH y

nopO]\H'IHOM )l(HBOTY H TeIIIKoj C)')l6H
HH )l(eHe ]\OBeneHe y HOBH ]\OM. Cpe
]\HIllHH MOTHB OBHX neCaMa je Jby6aB
MaTepHHCKa, a OC06HTO ceCTpHHCKa.
CeCTpa 3a 6paTOM o'm BanH, CY3aMa
Mope y3MyTH, HJIH ra y )KeJbH 0]\ ]\pBe
Ta H CBHJIe cBHja. Jby6aB 6paTa npeMa
ceCTpH, HJIH CCCTapa Mel)y C060M
pCTKO CC oneBa. Kao H O'IHHCKa Jby6aB,
HJIH Jby6aB ]\ene npeMa pO]\HTeJbllMa.
OBe neCMC peTKO HneaJIH3yjy )l(HBOT y
naTpHjapXaJIHoj nOpO]\Hl.\H; npeOBJIa
I)yje peaJIHCTH'IKH Ha'lHH oneBalba, Te
Mel)y IbHMa KOjH nyT lIMa H IIIaJbHBHX
necaMa, HaKO jc IbHXOB OCHOBHH TOH
]\HPJbHB H nOTpecaH. OBO OC06HTO
Ba)KH 3a BojHH'IKe H ne'IaJI6apCKe
neCMe, HOBHje no nOCTaHKY; npBe cy
BehHHOM 3a6eJIe)KCHe Mel)y EYlbeB
l.\HMa, a npyre KOn MaKe]\OHal.\a.
B. ne i /{1Jl6apCKe iieCMe; BojHU'lKe
iieCMe.

EnCKa nOpel)elba IIMajy ja'ly TeH]\eH

D;Hjy Ka XHnep60JIH3aD;HjH, IllTO npo
HCTH'le H3 CaMHX 3aKOHHTOCTH enCKe
noe3Hje Koja HJIH rOBopH 0 H3Y3eTHOM
]\oral)ajy HJIH 0 H3Y3eTHOM jYHaKY.
THllCKO YCTYna MeCTO He06H'IHOM H
caMHM THM 3Ha'IajHoM, aJIH YBeK y
CPYHKl.\HjH neCMe HJIH l.\eJIHHe TPa]\HD;H
je. "lIYBeHa CJIHKa rypcKe BojcKe npe
KOCOBCKor 60ja, ]\06HjeHa HH30M no
pel)elDa, y CPYHKD;HjH je 3Ha'Iaja 6HTKe:
Jecille CU/l1la aojcKa y TypaKa

---------------------------------"ii

Cae je illypCKa aOjcKa upuilluc1lYlla:

KOIb 00 K01ba, jY1laK 00 jY1laKa

60jHa KOlllba Kao '1apHa ropa,

cae 6apja~ Kao U o6JIa~,

a '1aAopu Kao U ClLerOBU;

oa U3 1le6a iiIIaxa Kuwa Ua01le

1lufje 1le 6u 1la ae.M.lbUljY uQ/la
aeh 1la 006pa KOlba U jY1laKa.
(BYK 11/49. n. 4)

I
[I

'i)
:'' 1

P.II.

<PH3H'IKH JIHK MapKa KpaJbeBHha ca3

]\aH je Y l.\eJIHHII Ha nopel)elbHMa, Koja
'fpe6a ]\a 'ra H3]\Boje H y3]\Hrny H3Ha]\
THllCKor H onlllTer:

nOP"lIA O,U AIJAJIE. EnCKH oneBaH

TYPCKH jYHaK 'KOjH cToJlyje y yTBp-'
l)eHoM rpa]\y Ha ABaJIH, Hana]\a Eeo
rpa]\, pOGH ]\eBojKe; npOTHB !hera ce
60pe 6paha JaKumhH H 3Maj OflbeHH
BYK.
.

KOIb My 1luje KOlbU KaKaU1l0 cy

aehe wape1l KaKO U zoae'le;
1luill' je jY1laK, KG willo cy jY1lQlju:
1la lbeMY je hypaK 00 KypjaKa,
1la zllaau My Kaua 00 KypjaKa,
1lewillo My ce y ay6UMa Ijp1lU
Kao jazlbe 00 UOM ZOOU1le;

p.n.

nOCKO"llHIlE: H&j'lelllhH Ha3HB 3a

OCMepa'IKe neCMe Koje ce neBajy y

.
.KOJIy. ,
B. neCMe y KOIlY:

H.M.-D,

(BYK,Il/65)

illHpa 0]\ nopeVelb.a y JIHPCKOj nOe3H

jH, nopel)eiba y ellHD;H je]\ao 36HBalbe,
]\oral)aj HJIH JIHK nope]\,e C BHIll~ H3pa-'
3HTHX CJI~;:I Koje Taj ]\Qral)aj HJIH miK
noce6Hb HCTH'lY.'
,
.,
R llapOJleJlU3a.M.
H.M.-'S.
nOPO,UHqIm DECi\fE. Kpahe Ha
pO]\He neCMe Koje neBajy 0 )KHBOTy Y

IlOCJIEHH"lIKE nECME. llecMe

Koje'npaTC pa]\ H neBaJy 0 Ib6My. Bp~o'
C'j' crape Kao' BpCTa; '!- HaCTaj~!! cy
,nojaBOM noje~~HHX pa]\OBaKoA:Jby']\~.
Ha IbMX cy 'B.H]\HO YTHnaJIe eKoHOMCKe
H ]\pYIIITBeHe npHJIHKe. IIpoMeHa yc
JIOBa H Ha'IHHa pa]\a YTHl.\aJIa je Ha Hac
TaHaK H nOCTajalbe necaMa 0 pa]\y H Y3
' pa]\. OHe y HajBeheM 6pojy nOTH'IY H3
CTO'IapCKo-3eMJbOpaAHH'lKOr nepHOAa

204

T
I

iI

H Be3aHe cy 3a Behe, tJeCTO KOJIeKTHB

jeBHMa rile cy ce <pey]\aJIHH O]\HOCH
HO H3Bol)eHe pa]\OBe 0 )KeTBH, 6ep6H H
]\yro Onp)l(aJIH, Hnp. y KajKaBcKHM nec
MaMa, Kao H y MaKe]\OHCKHM.
CJI.
Y AaneKoj npOIllJIOCTH y Be3H cy C KYJI
Y nOCJIeHH'IKHM neCMaMa 'IeCTO ce
TOM 60)KaHCTBa nJIOnHOCTII, 0 qeMY II Y
Hana3e eJleMeHTlf 1by6aBHe noe3Hje,
HOBHje BpeMe Hana3HMO TparoBe, Hnp.
Hnp. 0 Han)KlbeBalbY MOMKa H ]\eBojKe,
y )KeTeJIa'lKHM neCMaMa. Ko]\ MHOrnx
HJIH 0 H<I]\My]\pHBalbY npeJbe H KyjYH
I.mje. IlojC]\HHC cy neCMe OBe BpCTe
eBponcKHX HapO]\a o]\p)l(aJIe cy ce
CBe'IaHOCTH y Be3H C npBHM cHonoM,
HcneBaHe y IIIaJbHBOM HJIH nO]\CMe
HJIH ca 3aBpIIIeTKoM )KeTBe.
IIIJbHBOM TOHy, Hnp. neCMa 0 JIelbOCTH
HHOKOCHe M06e. HJIH 0 IllKPTOCTH
Pa3BojeM JbY]\CKOr ]\pYIliTBa H HIll'Ie]\oMahHHa.
3aBalbeM MHTOJIOIIIKOr norJIe]\a Ha
P.II.
npHpO]\y H cBeT, ry6HJIa ce H Be3a OBHX
necaMa C KYJITOM, a nojaBoM KJlaCHOr
]\pYIliTBa y IbHMa ce nO'leJIO BH]\HO
nOCJIOBHIlA (pyc.). Ca)KeTO cpop
O]\p3)KaBaTH He3a]\OBOJbCTBO nOTJIa'Ie
MYJIHCaHO Ona)Kalbe. y np03H HJIH
HHX.
CTHXy, npHXBaheHO y TPa]\Hl.\HjH a 3a
CTapoCTH OBe BpCTe necaMa IIMa~
CHOBaHO Ha HCKYCTBY reHepaD;Hja. Tep
pa3JIH'IHTHX CXBaTalba. HeKH HX
MHH y OBOM 3Ha'IelbY KO]\ Hac ynoTPe
Hay'lHHl.\H cMaTpajy HajCTapHjoM noe'6JbaBa IIpBH 3axapHje OpcpeJIHH,
3aTHM AocHTej H JOBaH MYIliKaTH
3HjOM KOjy je CTBOPHO pHTaM JbY]\CKHX
pOBHh. Y npBoM H3]\alby BYKOBor
nOKpeTa npH pa]\y H rnaCOBa KOjH ra
Pje'lHllKU (1818), nOCJIOB~a 03Ha'laBa
npaTe. MeI)YTHM, pa]\ KojH ce y
TajHH rOBop (]\Boje rOBope ]\a HX
pHTMH'lKIIM l.\eJIHHaMa O]\BHjao, MoraO
je 6HTH Be3aH caMO 3a 3eMlliopa]\lby;
TpehH He pa3yMe, cnopa3YMHO Ao]\a
KO]\ ]\aJIeKO CTapHje BpCTe JbY]\CKOr
jyhH ]\OrOBOpeHe MopcpeMe HJIH pe'lH
pa]\a (CKynJbalbe llJIO]\OBa, JIOB); He
HCnpe]\ CBaKor CJIora). IlocJIoBHl.\a
M'O)Ke 3Ha'mTH H aJIeropHjy (Pje'lHHK
nOCTojH YCTaJbeH pHTaM. IlecMe He:
JA)... '
.
pa3imjeHHX JbY]\CKHX ]\pYIliTaBa, Koje
IlpBe n03HaTe 36HpKe nOCJIOBHl.\a HIley
OBH Hay'IHHl.\H HaBO]\e, PHTMOM H
. O]\pel)eHOM MeJIO]\HjoM He O]\rOBapajy
ca'IYBaHe. To cy nOCJIOB~e HJIHpCKe
(odicteria) Jypja illH)l(ropHfia H MBaHa
je]\HOCTaBHHM npOH3BO]\HIIM nOKpeTH
Ma. CBe OBO He nOKa3yje ]\a nOCJIe
HayllJleja (H3 XV B.), Ay6pOI;I'laRHHa
CTHjena EeHelllHha H3 XVI B., Eep
HH'IKe neCMe Tpe6a CMaTp.aTH Haj
Hapi\a 'Bypl)eBHha H3 XVII B. CJIOBe
CTapHjoM BPCTOM noe3Hje. HajpaHHjH
nOMeH 0 'OBOj BpCTH 'necaMa KOn Hac
Ha'IKe nOCJIOBHl.\e Ca'IyBane cy ce y
HaJIa3HMO KO]\ XYMaHHCTe' Jypja
. 36HPD;H HeMa'IKor JIeKCHKorpacpa Je
illH)KrOpHha (De situ Jllyriae et civita
pOJIHMa 'Memcepa (Kpaj, XVI' B.). C
te Sibenici, 1487) KOjH nOMHlbe neBa
Kpaja XVII B. ca'lYBaHa je 36HpKa Kojy
je y XVIII B.. H3]\ap MBaR MapHja
Ibl? necaMa npH oKpeTalbY )KpBlba ]\OK
ce l.\e]\e MaCJIHHe.
.
MaTHjal,lIeBHh. 0]\ Ka]\a' cy 36HpKe H
Ha cpncKoxpBaTCKoM je3HKY HHje
~HoI'06poj~Hje (J. MYIliKaTHpOBHna
3a6eJIe)KeH BeJIHKH6poj nOCJIeHH'IKHX
H3 1787: npuiIi'le UJlUiUu ilo ilpociUo
. neca~a. To cy ~aj'lellihe. n~cMe llpH
My ilOCIlQ6U1le, iIijeMJICe c?HiUeHI{ujB
)KeT:lm, Ha M06H tI npeJIy, a lIMa HX H
lUllliIiu. pe'leHllia; <pepJ'rlia i 798; AneH- .
Koje ce 0]\li9ce' H~ 6ep6e H CTO'IapCKe , '. ]\HHHja 1808.. HT]\), BYKoBa 3PHpKa',
H3iIa3H ,1836. 'Ha U;c'THH,y;iIo]t HaCrro
. pa]\OBe:. Y O~HM necMaMa. HMa ja<;HHx
'BOM .'HapoOHe cpiicKe ilOCIl06U1le u
YKa3imalba Ha cO~HjaJIHe O]\HOCe y
]\pyUITBy, f]\e nOBJIalllheHH HCKO
opyze paallU'lHe Kilo' OHe y o6u'laj
pHlllhyjy pa]\, Hnp. neCMa 0 )KeTBH
yaeiIie pe'lu.
.
1l0CJIoBHl.\e npe]\CTaBJbajy HH.]\HSH]\y
TYPl.\HMa y He]\eJby. OBa je l.\pTa
BH]\JbHBa oc06HTO y neCMaMa H y KpaaJIHO CTBapaJIalliTBO, je3rpoBHTe 3aK

205

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ilI

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i

ii

Jby'IKe H3 JIH'IHOr HJIH onnITer :>KH

BOTHor HCKYCTBa, H3 KIbH:>KeBHOCTH, H3
OHOJIHje, H3 CTapoopHjeHTaJIHe H rp'I
K0-pHMCKe Tpa):1HQHje. ,[(OJIa3e noce6
HO,tlO H3pa:>Kaja Y BpeMe XYMaHH3Ma.
H3BopH HapO):1HHX nOCJIOBHUa cy 'IeCTO
Bep6aJIHe HJIH MHcaOHe noeHTe H3
KpahHX YCMeHHX BpCTa (6acHa, aHer):1O
Ta, IIIaJbHBa npH'Ia). KOMe je 'IeJI~ 3a
KJI06YKOM (H caM ce cjeha), Cpe):1H
nlHa je CHHTarna H3 npH'Ie 0 Kpa):1JbHB
IJ;y, KOjH qyBIIIH roplbY q,OPMYJl<ll.{Hjy,
nO'IHlbe ):1a Marue PYKOM npeKO maBe
):1a n'IeJIY OTepa. MO:>Ke ):1a 6Y,tIe
3aKJbY'IHa q,opMYJIan;Hja Ha Kpajy
neCMe TeruKO cByr,tle CBOMe 6e3 CBO
jera (Ha Kpajy ,[(YlliaHOBe :>KeHH
,tI6e). nOCJIOBHUa MO:>Ke H3pa:>KaBaTH
CBeBa:>Keha 3ana:>Kalba: AKo je HeKO
JIY;):I He 6Y;):lH MY ;):Ipyr, aJIH H ;):IBOcrpy
Ke 110rne]le Ha HCTY nojaBY. MO:>Ke
6HTH HCKYCTBO H3 O;):lpeljeHor HCTOPHj
CKor nepHO]la - He ;):lao TH ce 60r Ha
06HjecHa ce6pa HaMjepHTH, HJIH H3
O):lpeljeHe cpe):1HHe - CBTH BYllH H
llHjene OBn;e He MO:>Ke 6HTH.
nOCJIOBHUe ce H3pa:>KaBajYHaj'Ieruhe
110Mohy MeTaq,opH'IKe CnHKe, a nopy
Ky OTKpHBa TeK npeHOCHO 3Ha'Ielbe'
n;enor H3pa3a - fBO:>Klje ce Kyje ):10K je
Bpyhe~~; OHe MOry ):Ia YTBp;):le CTalbe
CTBapH - CBe je ;):IOOpO IIITO ce ;):I06po
CBPIIIH; ):1a 6yAY ]leJIHMH'IHO Ba:>Kehe
npaBHJIO - Ka;):l qOBeK'TOHe H 3a
Bpe1IO ce rBO:>Klje XBaTa. Hai'Ieruhe je
peTPocneKTHBHa, peTKO ynpaBJbeHa y
6Y):lyhHoCT, a Ta):1a oCTaje qeIIIBe npe
nopyKa Hero 3anOBeCT ...:. illTO ce
nO'IHe BaJba H ):Ia ):10crrnje. PeTKO je y
Henocpe):1HOM HMnepaTHBY - Hcnen;H
na pellH. .
O):lHocelm ce Ha clle ):IOMeHe JbY1ICKor
HtKYCTBa, ropKor H npHjaTHor, noCJIO
BHI.l;a ra q,0pMYJIHIIIe C MOpaJIJlor
CTaHOBHIIITa KOjs::' He MOpa ;):Ia 6YJJ:e H
qeCTO HHje BHCOKH MOpa1IHH H,l(ean,
npe:>KH.im .:.
Beh l1fJenopy~a: JI-8
YMHJbaTO jarlbe ):IBHje oBtie.CHca. .
nQjaBJbyje ce' Y .CTHxy (TOHH'IKOM If
aKn;eHaTCK0-CHJIa6H'IKOM) If pHTaM':
CKOj np03H - pelje y OOJf'1Hoj. Ha'IHH
ynoTpe6e pe'IH y Iboj CTBapa noce6He

c.e

rpaManl'IKe H CHHTaKCH'1Ke KaTeropH

je. BehHHa nOCJ]OBH[(a cy aCHH;r(eTOHH.

CTaBJba Kao HenocpenaH TOK OO:>KaH

CKHX 3HaKOBa JbYJlHMa. 113a pa3BH
jeHor, HMnpeCHBHor YBOna, CJIe):lH npH30p Belialba ):IaxHja. HapOJlHH neBaq
CHarOM TaJIeHTa ):IpaMCKH fla3BHja pa):l
Iby: crpenlbe, noroBope. CYKOO ):IaxHja,
OJ.l;a H CHHa, CTapn:a <l>O'1e H <l>o'mlia
MeXMe]l-are Kp03 l1CHXOJIOlliKO C1IH
Kalbe KapaKTepa nJIaXor H CHJIOBHTOr
MJIa):lOr Typ'lHHa. KOjH BH):IH CHary
caMO Y 3JIy H 3JI0'1MHY H CMHpeHor
CTapJ.l;a, Kora je :>KHBOT 060raTHO
JIYKaBCTBOM, aJIH H HCKYCTBOM ):Ia je
CHara CHJIe npHBH):IHa.
TIpeHoceBH CJ.l;eHY panlbe 0):1 CTaM
OOJI-KanHje no KyJIe He60jlUe, HapO;):l
'HH neBa'I 60raTH cIDKejHH TOK neCMe
XH):IpOMaHTCKHM npopHn:albHMa ):1axHj
CKe H iYPCKe nponaCTH H peMHHHcn:eH
n:HjaMa Ha nO'IeTKe TypCKe MOBM, Ha
KOCOBO H MypaTOBY nom6Hjy.
K1IaCM'IaH enCKH nOCTynaK, KaTaJIO
IIIKO Ha6pajalbe KHe30Ba, Koje ce Y
neCMH ):IBa nyTa jaBJba, npBH l1YT Y
Ha6pajalbHMa <l>O'IHBa MeXMe):l-'are,
):IpyrH nyT y Ka3HBalbY 0 IbHXOBOj
nom6HjH, y neCMH HMa 3H1i'IajHY H
TeMaTCK0-CH:>KejHY H YMeTHH'IK0-H3
pa:>KajHY Y1Iory. TI03HaTO je ):Ia ):Iora
ljajH y BHlUlbH.BeBoj neCMH HMajy Bpe):l
HOCT HCTOPHjCKHX Ka3HBalba caBpe
, MeHHKa. Bpe):lHOCT, naK,.y OBoj"neCMH
HaJIa3HMO H 3a H3Y'IaBalbe reopHje
enCKor YMeTHH'IKor nOCTynKa neBa'Ia,
O):\Hoca YMeTHH'IKe HCTHHe npeMa
HCTOPHjCKOj. BHlUlbHB je HCTOpHj.CKe
):Ioraljaje H 6pojHe JIH'IHOCTH ):lao
neCHHqKIfM H;):IejaMa H CJIMKaMa, JIH
KOBe yeTHH'IKHM KapaKTepHCTH!,aMa
H CTHJIOM, Te je noe3Hja' nOTnYHO
nOTHCHYJIa XpOHH'lapCKO Ka3HBalbe.
HaKo y neCMH HMa ):IeTaJba KOjH yKa3y
jy Ha Ta'lHY 06aBelliTeHOCT neBa'1a O.
):16ra~ajHMa (naJbelbe TYPCKHX Teq,e
pH'la, pi:.lMa3):1a npeMa 3YJIYl':iliapHMa: H
Ap.), BHllI~HB" je', YMeo, 1:1 lUHpe, '):1a
. carJIe):la 36Hsalba, H Jby):1e, ):Ia yO'IH
. yJIory HapO):1a H lberOBY CHary y OCJIO
60;):lHiIa'lKoj 60p6H, yJIory YCTaHH'1KHX
Bolja H O;):lHOC HapO):1a npeMa IbHMa H ):1a
y OKBHpHMa 33KOHHTOCTH enCKOr Ha

H. M.-".

nOlJACHIJIlE, nOqaIIIHu..e. KpaTKe

JIHpcKe HapO;):lHe neCMe Koje ce neBajy
yrJIe):lHHM noje):lHHI.{HMa Ha 'IaCT, a
'IeCTO 0 r030aMa H cBa):l6aMa Y3
tIaIIIy. TaKo. BepOBaTHO, JlOJIa3H ):10
):IBojaKor Ha3HBa 3a OBe neCMe. npBe
TeKCTOBe je 3a6e1Ie:>KHO n. XeKTO
pOBHft (1556) y Pu6afbY u pu6apcKoM
li.puzoBapafbY 3HaTaH opoj OBHX
necaMa 3a6eJIe:>KHO je B. KapaJ,IHft no
.oOKH KOToPCKOj (1835). Y PYKOl1HCH
Ma je TOKOM XVII-XVIII B. ca6paHo
BHIIIe OBHX necaMa no HaruHM npH
MOPCKHM MeCTHMa (Hnp. Kop'IyJIa).
Haj'felUhe cy McnenaHe Y CTHXOBHMa
0;):1 ocaM H neT cnoroBa, 3aTHM y caMHM
neTepn:MMa. HJIM y ):IeceTepllHMa. Hnp.
nO'IaIIIHHn:a MJIa):lO:>KeIbH:
J e.lleHaK Mff iopy JlOMII
nyilioK ()1 My je;
30 H,llM,/It)e KOIUyiRlIf(O,
TeK ()py?: ()(I My je.
(BYK,

I.

1(3)

p.n.

nOlJETAK IiYHE npO'FHB JJ:A

XIJJA. Jel~Ha 011 Hajn03HaTHjHX, Haj
JIenlUHX H Hajpa3BHjeHHjHx enCKHX
, necaMa(BYK IV/24) 0 60p6aMa 3a
OC1I0601jelbe Cp6Hje. CMaTPa ce ):1a jy
je Hcneaao C1ICnH rycJIap <l>H1IHn BH
IIlIbHh, 0):1 Kora .ie BYK H 3a6eJIe)!{lf0 C.
npOJIeBa 1815. 60paBeliH y MaHaCTHpy
illHIIIaToBIJ;y, y3 nO~fOli JIYKHjaHa My
IUHn:Kor (B.). Osa neCMa OneBa 36H
Balba KOjl.l npeTXo~e YCTaHKY; Y yBO):I
HOM, YMeTHH'IKH CHa:>KHO ):IaTOM HH3y
He6eCKHX 36Hsalba". neBa'1 y Ha'lHHY
K1IaClf'IHMX enOBa. ):IOBO):1H 60:>KaHCTBO'
M Me6a y Be3Y C JbyncKHM H 3eMaJbCKHM
30HBaIbHMa; JbY;):le Ha 6yHY nO):lCl1f<ly
He6eCKe npH1IHKe'- rpOMOBH H M}'H>e
y 3HMY,'nOMpa'Ielbe CYHua H Mece&a,
KOMeTe H ):Ip. CBe OBe nojaBe Koje cy ce
I1peMa 3anHCHMa 36HJIe HeKY ro;):lHHy
npe nO'ICTKa YCTaHKa, BHIUIbHB ne
CHH'IKHM nOCTynKoM, aHaxpOHH3MOM,

206

l,

pO):1Hor IICnalbel H TP8):1Hl.{Hje OCTBapH

BHCOK YMeTHH'lKH I\OMeT.
T<I'lHO YCTaHOBJbeHO Kan je
BHlUlbHh Hcncsao OBY neCMY, ):Ia JIM
npBHX rO}lHHa YCTaHKa, ):10K je joru Olio
y BOCHll, H1IH 1809. no npeJIacKy y
CpOHjy; 110 HCKHM npeTnocTaBKaMa,
Y'IMHHO je TO TeK nocne 1813, nOlUTO je
npelUao y CpCM. HeocnopHo je ):Ia y
Iboj HMll HeKHX peMHHHCJ.l;e"HJ.l;Hja Ha
I10nynapHY necMY 3eMYHCKor KIbIDKa
pa faBpHJIa Kosa'IeBHBa [JeCH 0
c.!IY'l.ajHoM B03MYUl'l.eHuju B Cep6uju,
IUTaMnaHY 1804, OBa CTHXOBaHa xpo
HHKa Y YMeTHH'IKOM norne):ly ):\aJIeKO
3aocTaje 3a BHIIlIbHBesoM necMoM,
'mjy je BPC):1HOCT H caM KonHTap oce
THO H nO'I. 1818, npeseo Ha HeMat:{KH
je3HK.
TIo'IeTaK npBor cpnCKor YCTaHKa, Kao
TeMa enCKHX HapO):lHHX necaMa, 6HJIa
je OMHJbeHa He caMO Meljy yqecHHI.{HMa
H caBpeMeHHllHMa. BeB H y KaCHHjeM
HapO):lHOM neBalbY. BYK je 06jaBHo jOlU
jenHy neCMY (IVI25) 0 TOM ):Ioraljajy H3
[(pHe fope,
neB8'Ia CaBa MaTOsa
MaprnHoBHlia. TIpHCYT~e cy H BapH
"jaHTe . BHlIllbHlleBe 'neCMe, aJII1 H
APYK'IHje neCMe 0 rypCKHM 3YJIYMHMa
H OTMHIlaMa HeBeCTe, Kao Henocpe):l ,
HOM nOHO;):lY' YCT8HKa; CJIH'iHOr cy
CH:>Kea H KacHHje 3anHcaHe neCMe C
IIO;):1pY'Ija XepJ.l;eroBHHe H [(pHe fope
(B. Bp'IeBMIi H. H. illayJIHB).

on

p,n

nOmAJIIJQE. illaJbHBH roBOPHH H3

. pa3H KOjH ce y Hapony ynoTpe6JbaBajy
3a Y3rpeilHO 36HBalbe IIIaJIe y CBaKO1IHeBHOM pa3roBopy Meljy BplUlbaJ.l;ll:Ma
if je):1HaKHMa Y ):Ip'yqITBeHoM nOJIo:>Kajy;
Hnp. 11 ro H 60c H jOlli MY je 3HMa.
p,n,
.

. '.

nom.JLEJJ:lbE . BPIJJEME. Bil6JIHj

cK.a T,eMCl ci npOKJIe:r.cTBY H 9C~1.\H
3eMibe Ha nponacT 360r Jby~CKHX rp,e-.
xooo H' 6e~aKQH,a. 06pal)eHa ,H y
anoKpHq,Hoj KIbH:>KeBHOCTH, YCMeHo YMeTHH'IKH 06JIHKOBaHa y JIereH):Iap"
HHM 6aJIa):laMa, npe1.\albHMa H enCKHM
neCM3M3.
207
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1'1

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,.ili

..i

r
1844, H MHoro nyTa ys reTeoBa AeJla.
I1s Xep;llepoBe 36HpKe npeBeo je Ha
Mal)apcKII jesJilK 1789. neCHJilK Kazincy

IIOllTO cy J(06mIH MOftH H BJlaCTH,

Kao: MHTOnOlllK<l 6ajKa (Mythenmar
CBeIUf - aHi)eJIH HX KopHCTe y enCKHM,
chell - W. Wundt). mm npa6ajKa (Ur

ncrcH;IIapHHM 6aJIa;!\aMa 3a KroKlbaBa

marchim P. Ehrenreich, F. Panzer, H.
lbe rpeXOBa 11 6e38KOH>a (B. AHbeJlU).
Hontti), npe):lCTaBJba Hexy BPCTY apxe
Ka3HH npeTXO;llH onHC rpeXOBa H3
THna OCHOBHor 06JIHKa, caCTaBllieHor

o6H'IajHo-xpHllftaHCKOr KO;lleKCa.
H3 oJ(pei)eHHx MOTHBa H3 Beft npe

Y npe;llalbllMa, nOWllie;lllbe BpHjeMe

BasHi)eHHX KynTypa. IIpeMa <pHHCKoj
je Beh nOTBpi)eHa peaJIHOCT. Y eBO
MeTO;llH, UCJIOBHT o6nHK npHnOBeTKe,

KaWfjH npO)lCHBllieHe npOWJIOCTH, 3a

npeJ(aK 01\ Kora nOTH'Je o;llpei)eH mn.

'IHje CTBapHO nOCTojalbe lIMa ;IIOBOlliHO

H.M-'Il

CBe;llOKa, pei)ajy ce Bpe;llHOCTH Koje je

nOllllie;lllbe BpHjeMe yKHayJIO: ... y

IIPBH H JJ:PYfH CPOCKH YCTA
CTapo BpeMe HHje 6HO o6H'laj ;IIa ce
HAK, B. nec./Ite 0 6op6o./lta 3a OCIlOKyM napHH'IH ca KYMOM, ;IIa ce nopo;ll
60belbe Cp611je.
npOTHBH CBOjHM p0;llHTelliHMa (qaj
KaHOBHft, CE3 XLI, 388-389). BHsHja
nOllllie;lllber BpeMeHa caCTojH ce y
OPEBOT..EILE HAmE HAPOJJ:HE
J(}')KeM HJIH KpafteM Ha6pajalby lliYJ(
KILHLKEBHOCTH. Y KlbH3H AJI6ep
CKHX 6e3aKolba, HJIH ;IIorai)aja Kao
Ta <l>opTHca nymosalbe iio JJ.I1Jl./ItQl{uju
npe;ll3HaKOBa lberOBor HaCTynalba.
(Viaggio ill Do/mazia, 1774), npBH nyT
BewTHI:\e fte nojecTH Meceu (CE3,
je o6jaBn,eHa jCJ(Ha Halla HapOJ(Ha
1913, XIX, 391); HeCTafte OBue H nrne
neCMa, Ha jesHKY OpHrHHana H y HTa
miue, n'leJIe H IUJHjeTa (CE3, 1925,
JIHjaHcKoM npeBOJ(Y. OBHM je np}')KeHO
XXII,355).
06aBeWTClbe 0 'nocTojalbY Halle
036H.1bHOCT npHJIaJKelba reMH, TeH
YCMeHe 1l0esHje. YMeTHH'IKa JIenOTa
;IIeHIUfja Ka KOHKpeTH30BalbY BpeMeHa,
neCMe 0 nJIeMeHHToj XacaHarHHHllJ:!'
MeCTa, . y.'IHHHJIa je ;IIa ce .TeMa Heno
npHByKJIa je na)KlbY na cy y6p30
Cpe;llHO Bexe 3a KOCOBCKe ;II01"ai)aje H
nOtleJIJiI npeBO;t\JiI Ha CBe 3Ha'lajHHje
HCTOPHjCKY enoxy; KOCOBCKH nopa3, CBeTCKe je3HKe. Beft cneJ(efte ro;llHHe,
Kao nponaCT je;llHor <PeY;llaJIHOr, peJIH
J(eo <l>opTHcoBe KlbHre Kao H HallY
rnjcKor H Hal.'(HOHaJIHOr CBeTa, H;IIeHTH
neCMY Ha HeMa'IKH jesHK je npeBeo
<pHKoBao ce ca HJ(ejoM 0 nponaCTH
Friedrich A. C. Werthes. -a HCTe, 1775,
CBeTa yonwTe H 'peTpocneKTHBHo
IIpeBo;llH je JiI feTe a o6jaBlliyje
. Hawao ce6H onpaS;IIa1be. OJ(roBOPHOCT
XepJ(ep, Y cBojOj 36Ji1PIUf Volkslieder
npe):l nopasoM y6JIaJKaBaJIa je HeH3
(1778179). Kaj:\ jy je feTe 06jaBJilo y
6exHocT HacTynajyftHX ;IIorai)aja.
ca6paHHM AeJIJilMa, nOCTaJIa je HajB:m.rIe
IIpe;llcKasHBalba 0 nOllllie;lllbeM Bpe
npeBo!>eHa Hawa i1apOJ(Ha neCMa. Ha
Meay y CHOBIIMa uapHlle MHJIHue Kao
<PpaHUYCKH je3HK iIpeBeJ(eHa je 1778.
H lbHXOBO noeTCKO TYMa'leH>e.y CBIIM
~Op'I:HcOBa KlbHra, H y6pso nO'lHlb"e
m,CMaMa 0 ~OCOBY, BeOMa je CJlH'IHO
BeJIJilKO 3aHIIMalbe 3a HallY neCMY;
npe):l3HaWfMa 'nOIIl.1beTKa BHj~Ka y
caMO ~a <ppaJ:lUYCKII jesHK je npeBO
neCMaMa THna CBeWf 6JIaro J(HjeJI~.
i)eHa neTHaeCTaK nyra; H3Mei)y OCTa
. JIHX, npen.enil cy jem. HO;llHje (Gharles
. HacijiaAo je ii.o~eOIbe apujeMe
Nodier, 1821). TI. MepHMe (Prosper
. Xolie.Typl,u Il.UPCW60 ii.peyaewu
Mer.imee. 1827.). ,WHJIXaHC (G. Ful:
Xohe TYPlfU 6p3Q lfap06UWU.:.
. ;::-,.
.
gence, 1830); .Kc. MapMje. '(Xavier'
(3H)lall>e ~a"""Hlle)
Mannier. 1853): K. ~opjeJI (Claude
H.M.-a.
Fauriel) H BJilllle nyra aHOHHMHo. Ha
eHmecKHjy je npBH npeBeo (no feTey)
llPABAJKA (HeM. Urmiirchen). IIo
B.CKOT (Walter Scott, OKO 1788), U.
jaM KOjH je caMO XHIIOTem'lHa TBO
B. rpJilHlIlIIJIJ( (John Boyd Greenshild,
peBHHa; 03Ha'ieH pa3HHM TepMHHHMa
1800). BHJIJiljaM E;IIMOHJ(CTOH EjTaYH.

CKI1M KH,I1)KCllHOCTI1Ma.
Ha
<ppaHIWCKJiI OTIlO'lHlbe y 'IaconHcy
Globe (1827) n.
BenoK (Louise
Ferenc.
Swanton Belloe). 3nTJilM E. Boajap (E.
IIojaBoM BYKOBHX 36Ji1PKJiI, 30-HX rOJ(JiIVoiart, 1834). A. .!1030H (1859, 1888),
Ha npOllJIOra BeKa Hacrajy MHOrJil npeA, d'Avril (1868).
Courriere (1877),
BOJ(H HalllHX HapoAHHX necaMa, aJlH H
ll. Jle)Kc (L. Leger. 1882, 1906), A.
npHnoBeJ(aKa. IIpBe je npeBoj:\e 06jaMJilnHjeH (A. Millien. 1891), 1. de
BHO J. fPHM (Grimm), Beft 1815. y CBOMalkha:r.ouny (1907), n. A'Op<pe (L.
joj peueH3HjH BYKoBe necMapHue, a
d'Orfe, 1916), A. JaKillHft H M. Po6ep
nOTOM BHlle nyTa noje;llHHe nHpcKe JiI
(M. Robcrt, 1918), A. illo60so (A.
enCKe neCMe OJ( 1818-1824. J. KonHTap
Chauboscau, 1919), W. lle6eK (Ph.
je 1816. y peueH3HjH Ha BYKOBY APYry
Lcbesquc, 1920), TI. Pa6aTe (P.
necMapHUY npeBeo BHlle JIHPCKHX
Rabate, 1922). F, Funek-Brentano
necaMa, a 1818. encKY necMY 0 npBoM
(1924), .!l. BeKOBHft (1933) II J(p.
cpncKoM YCTaHKY; BepoBaTHo je lberOB
Ha eHrJlCCKJiI jC3Ji1K npsH npeBoJ(JiI
npeBoJ( neCMe CMPT MapKa KpallieTIolliaK Lach Szyrma (1821, 1823),
BHfta, o6jaBllieHe 1824. 3a reTea je
3aTHM J. Bowring (1826, 1827), l. G.
npeBeo ueny BYKOBY njec1lapu1IY H3
Lockhart (1827), E. R. Bulwer Lytton,
1814; npHKa3yjyftH BYKOBO JlajnUHIlceY}l. 0 Meredith - (1861, 1868,
llKO H3;11albe (1825), o6jaBHo je npe1917), K. F. Krocker (1877), J. M.
BOJ(e J(BaJ(eceTaK necaMa. IIPBO CJilCAsboth (1860). E. JI. MHjaTOBHft
TeMaTCKO npeBoi)elbe Ha HeMa'iKH
(1881). E. W. Seton-Vatson (1916), M.
nOTH~le OJ( Tepe3Hje llyjse An6ep-rHHe
A .. Miiggc (1916). J. W. Wiles (1917),
<pOH JaKo6--TaJI<pj Koja je npeBena
.Ii. Rotham (1920), II Cy60THft (1922,
36Ji1PKY OJ( 250 JIHPCKHX H enCKJilX
1928, 1932, 1934) H J(p. Y AMepHIUf cy
necaMa H BHIIle nyra' o6jaBHJIa (1 ~'
H3HillJlJil llpeBO}lH G. R. Noyes i L.
1825. II - 1826; 2. HSJ(. - 1835. H
Bacnn (1913). C. A. Manning i O. M.
npoWHpeHo 1853; Hs60p je nOHOBO
Fuller (1932) H J(p. Ha HTaJIJiljaHcKH cy
o6jaBllieH y BepJIHHY'1980):lbeHH cy
npeBoj:\HnJil: M. BpyenOBHft (y pyKQ
npeBoJ(H 6HJIH OCHOBa sa npeBoi)elbe
HHCY). A. laKlIlJilft (1829), N. Tomazeo
Ha J(pyre je3HKe, <ppaH1.WCKH (E.
(1841-42). F. Carrara" (1849), G.
Voiart, 1834), eHmeCKH' (lohn Bowring
Chiudina (1847. 1878), F. Pelegrini
1826, 1827; Kote Freiligrnth kroeker
(T846. 1847/48), E. Teza (1862, 1864,
1877); ,HsMei)y OCTaJIHX. Ha llBeJ(CKII
1875, 1884). dc Rubertis (1861, 1869),
jesJilK je npeBeo <l>HHa~ lohan RuneT. Vedovi (1871). P. Cassandrich
berg (1830). Ha HeM-a'lKJiI. cy npeBo(1884.1913.1~23). f. HHKOJIHft (1894), '
i)eHe Hawe neCMe y BeheM 6pojy (E.
C. Predazzi (1930). A. Cronia (1949).
Eugen Wesely 1826; P..von Goetze . Ha PYCKJiI je3Ji1K IIPBJiI je npeBO):\HO
1&27; W. Gerhard 1828, 18,77;. J.
<p;HJIonor A. X. BOCTOKOB (1825,1826,
Nepomuk Vogi '1851; S. Kapper 1851,
-1827), 3aniM 11. Cpe3lbeBcKH' H J.
'1853; 1856/9; L. A. Frankl 1852; A.
BeHenHH (1835) KOjH cy H npoy'laBaJIH
H~we neCMe; ~. TIYWKijH npeBOJ(H
GrUn 1850; E. Harmening, 1886; C.
Ll;lcema 1911;K. JOBaHOBHft 195:t H
'.'J(eJIOBe lleCaMa'II npeMa MepJ:!Mey, Kac;>
~p.)! UP!illoBeTK<;! npeBo;lle' aa. HeM3:-.... JiI HeK~ nJilpCKe \ 1835.), H. B. Eepr npe
,'lKH'MuiIa KapaUJilh.(1854), F. S..Kr.aus. l,'IOAH iIO'13.c0J1Ji1CliMa H y IgbH3H (1.847,
(1883, 1884), E. Harmening (1886), G.
1871); R ran,Ko~cKH (1897) l;l HOBHjH
. Gezemann ( 1 9 3 5 ) . '
IIpeBoAH H. KpaBI~oBa (1933, 1967), Il.
Ha <ppaHuycKoM ce paHO jaBllia JiI,
EpaCTOH3 (1956) II J(p.
-qYBeHa MJilCTJiI<pHKaUHja HawHX HapoJ(Haille cy lleCMe npeBoi)eHe H Ha yKpaHHX necaMa II. McpHMea La Guzla
jJilHCKH je3HK OJ( 1837. no 1946. y BHwe
(1827). Koja je HMaJIa oroeKa y eBponMaXOBa.

208

209

c.

c.

IIOJbCKH npeTeqa pOMaHTH3Ma K.

EPO,[l3HHCKH nO'leo je rrpBH rrpeBO,[lMTH
Harne neCMe (1819), 3aTHM H A. Bielo
wski Jlaje BHme npeBoJ{a npeMa MepH
MeoBoj MHCTH<pHKan;HjH La Guzla.
IIocJIe MHl.(KHjeBHqeBor Kypca 0
HamHM neCMaMa y IIapH3Y. OHe ce
BHme npeBOl.(e Ha nOJbCKH: J. B.
Zaleski (1852, 1877), R. Zmorski
(1849,1852,1859,1860), L. Norwid, W.
Podlewski, E. F. Matejko H I.(p. 3Ha
qajHHjH cy npeBoJ{HOI.\H: H. Feldma
nowski (1867), 1. Kopernicki (1889), A.
Bohuslawski (1938), Cz. Jastrzebiec
Kozlowski (1948).
Ha 'IemKH je3HK npBH je nO"leo npe
BOI.(HTH Samuel Roznay; 1814. npeBeo
je XacaHarnHHI.\Y, a npBy 30HPKY je
oojaBHo VacIav Hanka 1817. 3aTHM
npeBOl.(e: L. Celakovsky, Maric Fialka,
Josef Burgstein, V. Furih, K. J. Erben,
a no qaConHCHMa ce MHoro npeBOAHJIO
OJ{ 1850-1875. HajnJIOI.(HHjH je npe
BOI.(HJIan; OHO Josef Holecek 01.(
1876-1920; HajHoBHjH cy, npeBoAH F.
Halas3 H O. Berkopeca (1954). Ha
, MabapcKH cy npeBOJ{HJlH Harne neCMe;
Kolczey, Toldy F., BHTKOBHb M., Bajza
J., Szekacs J., Szasz K., PanHh 'D.,
Rimanec M., Erodi M., Damotor P.,
Marg'alits E., Szegedy R., Csuka Z. H
np
p,n,

Ii

'\1

I
I

"
.

i:ll,

!ba, npel>1H YCBOjCHOj eBponcKoj K.lJaCH

nPEHomEIbE (PA3HOmEIbE).
qmKal(HjH; 2. nOCTaH>e r,[ljeKojHx
UOCTa YOOlf'lajeH TepMHH 3a KpeTaH>e
CTBapH (eTHOJIOmKa H eCXaT0J10mKa
HapO):lHHX YMOTBopHHa on neBa'Ia ):10
npeJlalbcl); 3. JYHal~H H KOIbH IbHXOBH
neBaq3, 0)".1 Ka3HBa'la ):10 Ka3HBaqa,
(HCTopH.icKa H KYJ1TYPHOHcTopHjcKa
rrpeKO CJ1YlIIaJIal.\a. YKJbyqyje H HJ{ejy 0
npeAalba); 'leTBpTa MebYHapO):lHa rpyDpOMeHJbHBOCTH BapHjaHaTa: jel.(aH
, na - J1ereHJle H MHTOBH 0 ooroBHMa H
nOqHe H caCTaBH lIITO, KaKo OH 3Ha, IIa
xepojHMll HHje 06yxsaheHa BYKOBOM,
nOCJIHje. H)".IyhH 01.( YCTa no YCTa
Kpajlbe MO):lepHOM KOHUem.(HjOM no
(neCMa) paCTe H KHTH ce a KalIITO ce H
)leJIe (yn. M. HomKOBHb-StulIi, 0 iiiep
YMaJ:byje H KBapH.t njecMe jYHa"lKe

.MUHOJlOllljU xpaa!TtcKocpuCKe HapOOHe

iiPlliio6l1jeiilKe. PaA III K~J, UeTHlbe,

MOJKe nOCTojaTH H nOTnYHa nO;Jl;eJ1a

YJlora Ha HH3 JlHI.:(a Kao y )".\paMH.

CneHcKH npHKa3H Ha OCHOBY HMHTa

THBHe MllrHje Haj'lelIIlm cy 3a BpeMe

6eJle HeneJbe. Y CBaTOBCKOM ~epe

MOHHjany noj!lBJbyje ce TaKobe HH3

npaMCKHX eneMeH!lTa (YJ1ora qayma,

Hrpa H neCMa OKO cnpeMe HeBeCTHHe,

HT):I.).

B./1paMa.

IIO HapOI.(Y HajBHlIIe pa3Hoce CJ1Hje~

H npOCHon;H H ajJ{YUH.

1958). Cse BpcTe npeAalba HMajy TeH

AeHl.(Hjy pa3jalUH,uBalba; H TO nYTeM
YTspbeHHX, TpaAHI.\HOHaJIHHX MOTHB
CKHX cxeMa. H CJIymuoUH H npHnOBe
Aa'IH Tpe6a Aa sepyjy y HCTHHHToCT
Ka3HBalba H 3aTO ce npel.(alba 3a
BpUlaBajy MaTepHjaJ1HHM I.(OKa3HMa
3a HCnpH'IaHH Aorabaj, carnel.(aH Kao
06jeKTHBHO )leUIaBlllbe (HIIp. KaKO je
MapKO KpaJbelmh )".I06HO cHary), HJ1H
Kao ;Jl;O)KHBJhaj HcnpH'laH K30 JlH'IHO
Y36Y)".lJMIIlO HCKYCTBO (HOp. KaKO ce
'106aHHH O)KeHHO BHJIOM).

H. M.-'S.

nPHJIEn. EncKH H HCTOPHjCKH rpal.( y

B. H.MUp08U3alluja, Cuje6a6fOe; Bapu
KOM je CTOJIOBaO KpaJbeBHh MapKo,
jaHiiia.
H.M.-D,

6enH rpan; y HeKHM ce IIeCMaMa

reorpacJ:lcKH Be3yje 3a KOCOBO.

1 B}'K CTC<p. KapaJ,lHh, TIpcroBop JIajmlHIUKoM

u3na",y TIpne KH,Ure CpiicKWC nOpOOnux iije
CllMa. Beorp3JI. XXVII.

p.n

IIPIIJl0311 3A KlbIDKEBHOCT,
JE3l1K, IICfOPIIJY II <DOJIKJIOP
nPETKOCOBCKE nECME ("UK
(1921-1939; 1954). Beorpa)".lCKH, Hay<!
JlyC). Y HeKHM 0;Jl; K.lJaCH<pHKaIJ;Hja, Be
HH, YHHnep3HTeTcKH qaCOIIHC; H3na3H
hHHOM 3a mKOJICKY ynOTpeoy, TaKO ce
ABa nyT!l ro;Jl;Hmlbe. y qeTHpH CBeCKe.
Ha3HBajy enCKe HapOI.(He neCMe 0
OCHHBa'1 MY je fIaBJ1e fIonOBHh.
):IorabajHMa H jYHaqHMa npe KOCOBCKe
l.JacoIIlIc Tpa):lHl.\HOHaJ1HO Heryje HCTO
B. KYJlifiYPHOllcifio,PujcKa' upeoafOa:
6HTKe 1389. To cy, yrnaBHoM enCKe
PHjy jyrOCJ10BeHCKe KlbmKeBHOCTH,
nO.MeHtI tI aaiiuclI; J!,e.MOHOJlOWKO;
HapO):lHe neCMe <;> HeMalbHhHMa H
CJ1IlBHCTHKY Ii KOMnapaTHCTHKY, Kao H
EiilUOJlOIllKO,' EcxaifioJlOWKO upeoa.
, MplbaB'IeBHhHMa. IIecMe 0 MapKY
HCTOpHjy HapOI.(He KlblDKeBHOCTH. Y
fOe; Jle'ieHoa.
'
~I
KpaJbeBHhy, seMHOM ce He y6pajajy y
py6pHUH npUJl031111 'ipaba rioBpeMeHO
H.M.-'S.
OBe neCMe.
)".IOHOCH TYM!l'IClba noje;Jl;HHHX YMOTBo
p.n,
pHHa, OeJ1elIIKe 0 Hapo)".lHoj noe3HjH H
nPE)lAIbE 0 BJIA)lAPEBOJ TAJ
lbeHHM KIl3HBa'IHMa, neBaqHMa, npo
HII, B. Mlloa; TpojaH.
IIPII3PH. Y enCKHM HapOJlHHM nec
Y'laBaIbY. .uaj~ npHKa3e I.(ena H3
M3Ma CTapHjHXBpeMeHa. MeCTO CTono
06J1aCTH HapO;Jl;He KlblDKeBHocTH.
IIPE)lAlbE. OOYXBaTHa KareropHja
Balba cpnCKor I.\apa CTjena'Ha, y
H.M.-'S.
nPEJlPAf II HEHA)l. HCTopHjCKa
HapOI.(He, YCMeHe np03e '(YOOHqajeHH 6aJ1!l)l!l Cll HHTepHaUHOHaJIHHM M<?TH
3anHCHM3 C noq. XVIII B. (EpnaH
TepMHHH 3a BpCTe y lbeHOM 0KBHpy cY
reHCKIi PYKOIIHC '92), Kao H KO)".l BYKa
nPHJI0311 npOY'IABAIbY HA
'SOM 0 y6HCTBY 6pahe y He3HaIbY.
JlereH):Ie 0 MeCTHMa H nHqHOcTHMa,
(Klb. II). Y HeKHM ce neCMaMa H Map
PO)lHE n,oE3HJE. 'qacoIIHc; H3J1a
n03HaTU' y HH3ysapHjaHaTa Ha l.\eJ10M
cKacKe H KIDKe). Y eBponcKoj <ponK
KO KpaJbeBHIi Be3yje 3a oBaj rpa):l. Y
3HO )".IBa IIYTa ro)lHUIlbe On 1934-1939, Y
jyrocnoneHCKOM nO)".lp}"ljy (HMeHa
nopHCT~n;H jom cy lfX' opaba ' fPHM
neCMH ca HCKOHCKOM HapaTHBHoM
1?eorp!l~Y. Ype)".lHHI.\H P. Mel.(eHHIJ:a H
. 6pahe ce pa3J1HKyjy), Hajycne.lJl-lja je y
cynpoTCTaB~JlH KaTeropHjH npHIIQBe
'f..
TeMOM 0 .3MHjH MJ1a)".lO)KeIbH, jaBJba ~e
A. illMayc". HaBHo ce npeTeX<HO HCTO
BYKOBOj 36HpUH. HHcHCTHpajyhH Ha
):IaKa, Harna9iBmH eneMeHaT Bepol.(Oc
npH3peHcKH KpaJb KojH 3eTY 3MHjH
PHjOM it TeopHjoM' enCKe noe3Hje,
'leX<IbH 'MJIaber 6paTa )".13 yn03Ha CTa-'
TOjHOCTH y IbHXOBOM Ka3HBalb"y (Sage:
nOCTaBJba oApebeHe 3a)".\aTKe; I.(a 6H My
)".IllBaO HCl.\pnHe H3BemTaje 0 TepeH
pHjer - KojH ce paHHje.O)".lMeTHYO y xaj
Marchen). By~ KapaUHh 'HX TaKobe
;Jl;ao Khep.,
CKHM HCTpIDKJiBaIbHMa, npaTlfo IIpHKa
):IYKe - oBaJ5aJIa):l3' 3aC~JfBa CY;Jl;6HHCKH
H3nBaja H y CB?jy 30HpKY ~H~OB~):IaKa . , cycpeT' Ha eMOTHBHOM nO;Jl;CTHp'ajy.
~HMa 'II 9Ji6J1Horpati:mjot.;!' CBa 06jailJbe
'p:n.
YHOQI s<lMO rrpel.(alba C pa3BHjeH0t.;! . HCTOpHjc!<a n03a)".lHHa, xajro"lKa <p36y
}Ia ~eJla H3 06n\lCTH' Hapo~He. KIbH
. )Ke~HocTH. . ' . .
.
'<pa6ynoM{Hnp.o MY):IPOM,COJlOMOHY); , . J11l q no,neJlH' 6Jiara. 38Ce):laMa'Ii Mer
H
OCTaJIa rrpe):lalba OCTaBJb3 Y PYKonHcy
'H.M.-'S.
):IaHHMa'. ;Jl;aje .' H3BeCHY, HCTOPHjCKY
rJIYMe C roBOpoM; y CTHXY liJ1H npo::m; '.
KIbHre )/(u6oiii U o6u'laju Hapooa cpu
YOIIIIITeHOCT nH'IHoj Tpare)lHjH, no
Ha cl.\eim qeOTO CMacKaMa, KOCTHMHMa
CKO'i, pa3BpCTasajyhH HX Y nOrn3BJba:
Be3yjyhH je C BpeMeHOM TYpCKor pon
npHO.iEBII Y3 3)lPABHUE. Ha
H mMHHKOM. neBaHe neCMe H roBOP
1. BjepoBalba Y CTBapa KojHjex HeMa
CTBa (BYK II115).
Mox<enpaTHTH MHMHKa H recTHKy
3HB KOjH je 3a6eJ1eX<Ho BYK Kapaunh
(MHTOJIOI11Ka H ,[IeMOHOJIOI11Ka IIpe,[laH, M.-"B.
3a yooH'IajeHH nplmeB KOjH IIocne
JIa.IJ;Hja (UeBoj'llu(a H CTapa~), a

,
" ..
.

IIl'~A3I1BAIb~. 'CniI;; HIy~.

210

211
~

CBaKe O}.!; CeAaM YTBpi)eHHx 3}.!;paBHlI.a y

TIaillTpoBHliHMa CBH yrJlac njeBajy.

OJlBYKaKapaI,lHfta (1821, 1853) npe}.!;

rosop 30HPK<lMU). KOA XpBaTa npBy
H.M.-D.
36HPKY H3}.!;aje aYCTpHjcKH POMaHTH
'IaPCKH neCHHI): loxaH HenoMYK BoreJl
nPHnOBE,llHA EIIHKA. Hap0,L\Ha
(1837), a 1858. H3J1a3H 36HpKa M.
enHKa Koja He oneBa HCTopHjcKa 36H
BaJbaBlI.a; 1897. A. Pa}.!;HIi 06jaBJbyje y
Bafba. TeMoM H eMOll.HOHaJIHHM TOHOM
300PHHKY 3a HapO}.!;HH :lKHBOT H 06H
6JIHcKa je JIHPCKOj neCMH, a KOMII03H
'Iaje JY:lKHHX CJlOI3CHa, II, OCHOBY 3a
lI.HjoM H 06JIHKOM encKoj. BYK je YO'IHO
ca6HpaH,e H npOY'laBafbe rpai)e 0 Ha
He06H<IHoCT OBaKBHX necaMa, Koje HaPOAHOM :lKHBOTY, IllTO HMa MHoro YTH
3HBa na Mefju. Y KaCHHjHM 36HpKaMa
Ha KacHHjH caKynJba'IKH pa}.!; y
HaJla3H ce BeJIHKH 6poj OBHX necaMa
XpBaTcKoj. Ko]! CJlOBeHall.a caKynJba
ca6paHHx no XpBaTcKoj, CnOBeHHjH,
fbC nO'IHfhC o}.!; BaJIeHTHHa BO}.!;HHKa H
IiOCHM, H HapO'IHTO no npHMopjy
fbero130r Y'leHHKa 1. TIPHMHlI.a. TIpBe
(MaTHl"Ia xpBaTCKa, Kfb. V, VI, X). OHe
CaMOCTOJIHC 30HpKe CJIOBeHa'lKHX Ha
ce BeMHOM He neBajy y3 ryCJIe, caMO
POAHHX UpHnOl3e}.!;aKa npHpei)yjy M.

HX Ka3yjy CTapHje :lKeHe, Haj'leIlllie y

KPH:lKHHK 1874. KOA

BaJbaBel! H
)KeHCKOM Kpyry. 3a }.!;eo npHnOBe,l:lHe .
MaKeAoH<lll.a fIPBH CHCTeMaTCKH Pa}.!;

enHKe D. PajKoBHIi, T. MapeTHIi H H.

IIOTH'le 0/1 BCpKoBHlia, a 3aTHM on

AHAPHIi KopHCTe Ha3HB npH'IaJIHlI.e.

OxpHljaHHHa KY3MaHa illanKapeBa

OBe neCMe Mory 6HTH C peJIHrHO(36HpKa H3 1885) H MapKa UeneHKoBa

3Ho-MOpaJIHCTH'IKHM TeMaMa, 3aTHM

(Kpaj XIX s.).

6ajKe y CTHXOBHMa, Kao H C HOBeJIH

TIpe CHCTCMaTCKHX 36HpKH XIX BeKa,

CTH'IKHM CH:lKeHMa. TIpBe ,[\Be .rpyne

OeJIe:lKCH,e npHlloBe}.!;aKa H npeAafba je

oJIH:lKe cy eIICKHM neCMaMa, a IIOCJIen-.

Y3rpe}.!;HO H 'ICCTO npenYIDTeHo CJIy

fbe IIO cBOjHM O,L\JIHKaMa JIHPCKOj noe'Iajy. Y3P0ll.H cy H Y n03HaTOM OnH

3HjH, OC06MTO C Jby6a.BHHM H nopo

pOfby. lI.pKBe npo}.!;opy YCMeHe KfbH

nH'lHHM TeMaMa.
:lKeBHOCTH YOllIIITe H 'Y cynpoTcTa

B. Ea.n.aoe; HeuciiiopujcKe uec.'d.e.

BJbafbY TyljHHcKc BJIaCTH jeAHoj JIHTe
p.n
paTypH Koja rajH Hall.HOHaJIHa OoeJIe:lK

jn. HapaTHBHH OOJIHl(H. H Ka}.!; cy nOMH

nPHIlOBETKA. OoxBaTHa np03Ha
fbaHH, HJIH naK H!moljeHH y cpparMeH
~r.opHja HapO}.!;Hor cTBapaJIaIDTBa C
THMa HJIH y lI.eJIOCTH, CJIY:lKHJIH cy }.!;a OH
pa3I1Hje-uoM !p~~JIOM. ilpeHOOf---fe
ce HempOJIO IPHx,osa Bpe}.!;HOCT.
y"CM.e.Hm-t nYTeM, HeKa}.!; H. nocpe}.!;TIoHeKO}.!; cy (3aUHCHO o}.!; CaAP}!{HHe)
ItI:IlllTBOM IlHcaHe KH,H:lKeBHOCTH.-PacKo.PHIlllicHH Kao HJIycTpall.Hja R3Bec
npQCTpa;a,eH~~ H y. npHMHTHBHHM H y
HHX eTH'IKHX HOPMH, HCTOPHjcKHx
BR!;:QKOll..HBH,riH30BaHHM cpe}.!;HHaMa.
tlHfbeHHI~a, Kao nOKYMeHTapHa rpal)a,
HaY'lHa npOY'laBafba nO'IHH;>y y XIX B.
Kao nOj\JIoro 3a nojenHHe MOTHBe H
'l'eMe (y 6ec~naMa H napa60JIaMa, Y .
'Kao Henocpe}.!;Ha nOCJIenHll.a pa3BHTKa
KOMnapaTHBHe cp~moJIornje. KaKo y
. nYTonpcHMa, JIeTonHp!Ma, y T3B. JIenoj"
EBponH TaKO H KO}.!; Hac, CTY}.!;Hje cy
KfbH:lKeBHOCTH). Iiecena npe3BHTepa
ynylieHe ymaBHoM OT!'pHBafbY Y3pOKa
. K03Me H3.X B. n6H'1H0 ce pHMa KaO
CJIH'IHOCTH MOTHBa y npHnOBeTKaMa
1.lpim m~Meli 3,) 1I0CTojafbe. HapO}.!;He
p.a3HHX. HapOAa, ripOY'la~afby ca}.!;p:lKH- .' upHnOBCTKe KO,L\ Ha~: )IHTepapHo
He H CTpyKType np~OaeMKa,.IlYTeBH. HanaxIiy'l' I3H3aHTHjcKtI.lI.ap :KOHCTaHMa fbIDcbaor KpeT~fba H lt~'I.ini:a HaCTa
'THH IIopq)Hpor:e~I;I.T on!:BHO je .Maj,jafba (B: Muzpal~OHa; Muiiio./wIUKa;
cTapHjM 3anHC 'Hamex: npe}.!;lilpa (B.
HciiiopujcKo-2e02pacjJCKa; IloJluzeIlOMeHIl II 3QilIlCII). KOHTHHYHTeT no"
HeiiicKa iiieopuja).
cTojafba npHnose}.!;aKa MO:lKe ce ycnoCMCTeMaTCKO caKyTIJbafbe H IIpoyqaCTaBHTH caMO nocpeAHHM H3y'IaBafbeM
Ba1:be npHDOBeTKe KO)l Cp6a nO'iHfbe
TeKCTOBI:l Y Koje cy ce OHe j'TKaJIe.

r.

I'

212

,
";
1

.LlaHac ce Ha TepeHY MOry cpeCTff CBM

npHnOBe,L\HH 06JIHlI.H, BeOMa 60raTe
HapaTHBHe ca}.!;p:lK.HHe. IiI JIeTHMH'IaH
norJleA y eBpoIIcKH KaTaJIOr THIIOBa
APHe-ToMDcoHa, H E6epxapn-Iiopa
TOBa oTKpHBa }.!;a cy KO}.!; Hac 3acry
IlJbeHM rOTOBO CBM THnOBH npHIIO
BeTKe. He Mafbe 60raTCTBo nOKa3yjy
npeAafba. .LlyOHHCKH KyJITypHH HC
TOPHjCKH npeceK IIoje}.!;HHHX TeMaT
CKHX, MOTHBCKHX KOMn03HlI.HOHMX
qeJIHHa, M ca}.!;p:lKMHCKHX H CTpYK
TYPHHX eJIeMeHaTa YOIIIllTe, OTKpHBa
H3Y3eTHY CJIojeBHToCT Haille Hapa
THBHe rpal)e, mTO ce JIaKO MO)Ke npo
TYMa'lHTH reorpacpCKHM nOJIO:lKajeM H
HCTOPHjCKHM OKOJIHOCTHMa Koje npaTe
J-y:lKHe CnoBeHe on caMor AOJIaCKa Ha
IiaJIKaHCKO nOJlY0CTpBO.
Y3 HCTopHjcKa HCTpa)KHBaH>a, npoy
'IaBafba KYJITypHor H KfbH:lKeBHOr
HaCJIei)a H PeJIHni03HHX YTHlI.aja, eTHO
IICHXH'IKHX, aHTponoreorpacpcKHX OCO6eHOCTH, COll.HjaJIHHX CTpYKTYpa - TPe6a y CBaKOM CJIY'lajy Y3eTH y 063Hp.
nyTeBe MHrpall.Hja CTaHOBHHIllTBa Ha
CaMOM jyrOCJIOBeHCKOM' TepeHY, BeOMa
'IeCTe H j:leOMa YKpmTeHe, Koje cy H3a-.
3Bane KaKO Memafbe eneMeHaTa
ca}.!;p~~e, TaKO H eJIeMeHaTa CTPYK
Type npHIIOBe}.!;afba H yonillTe je3H
'IKHX oc06HHa.
IiI}.!;eaJIHa IIoeTHKa YCMeHor IIpHno. Be}.!;afba, KaKBY je BYK KapauHli yCTa
HOBHO KH>H:lKeBHO-YMeTHH'l'KHM CTH
JIH3all.HjOM TeKCTOBa Koje je 06jaBMO,
HMaJIa je }.!;aJleKOCe:lKHe nOCJIenMlI.e Ha
Ha'lim H3}.!;aBaH>a Hapo}.!;HMX npHIio
Be}.!;aKa KO}.!; Hac. TaKo MIIom CPOJIK
JIOpHH np03HH TeK~OBH Hoce ne'laT
npepa,L\e CBOjHX 3a1lHCHBa'la, Y re:lKfbH
CTBapaJi,a Hall.HOHaJIHe KfbH:lKeBHOCTH
Ha OCHOBaMa YCMeHe, Y nOCMaTpafby
npHIIOBeTKe Kao ymena HapOJl:.HOr
je3HKa y rrp03M~< ""'KOjH 'Ieero HUTH je
6HO '-lliC'll HapO}.!;HH, til;l.T)I je jt<3HK Ha- .
PQ}.!;HHX np~rioBHje}.!;aKa,. y l;'bHXOBOj
H.HTepnpeTall.HjH.. IIopeA 'OBHX, Beli
KpajeM XIX Ii nO'leTKOM XX B.
nojaBJbyjy ce ,L\HjaJIeKaTCKH 3aIIHCH.
IIo}.!;eJIa ByKa KapaUHlia Ha npHnO
BeTKe JlCenCKe (cpaHTaCTHl-IHe) H MYIUKe

(peaJIMCTH'IKe) AonyfbeHa je KJIaCH

qlHKal(HjoM HIl nOJ!BpCTe. Me~y <paH

'l'3CTH'IHC y6pajajy ce 6ajKe, JIereH

.n:llpHe npH<Ie M YCJIOBHO npM'Ie ,0

)!OIBOTI-IH,(lMa H 6aCHe;

y peanHCTH'Ilte

- HOlleJle, IllaJbHBe npH'le H aHer}.!;OTe.

HacynpOT KaTeropHjI1TIplmOBe}.!;aKa,

H3,1:1Baja ce TaKolje 06yxBaTHa KaTe

ropHja npC,L\aH,a (B.).

TIpHIIa)lajyliH y nOTIIYHOCTH eBpon

CKOM np03HOM penepToapy, Hame

npHIIOSCTKe Hoce O}.!;JIHKe H Hall.HO

HanHor H CTHH'IKOr, H pernOHaJIHOr H

JIOKaJIHor. 'IaK H Y KaTerOpHjH cpaH-

1'flC'l'H'IHor. r](c jc npo}.!;Hpafbe peaJIH

ja 3HI:ITHO CJIa6Hje Hero y peanHCTH

'IKMM BpCTaMt1.

nOCTojH 'IMTas HH3 6ajKH y KojHMa je

rnaBHH jYHaK ynpaBo npoH3BO}.!; cBoje

cpenHHe, H 3anp:lK<lBmH CBe oco6eHO

CTH xepoja 6ajKc, npenCTaBJba cHHTe3Y

np'l'a je)lHOr o}.!;pel)eHor HCTopHjcKor

nepHO,L\H H jenHe onpeljeHe APYillBeHe

KJIace.

TI03HarM urn l!pH'Ie 0 IIYToBafbY

:lKHBOTHH,C KOjOj ce no BepH:lKHoj

.cxeMH npHJl:pY:lKyjy ,L\pyrn 'IeTBOpo

HO:lKHH H ne{lHaTH canyTHHlI.H (Aath

130). Y3CO je 3a OOpa3JIO:lKefbe Oe)Kafba

0,L\ Kylie rnllBHor'jYHaKa (OBAe neBqa),
o}.!;Metalhe Y xaj}.!;YKc THnH..:r.:1H MOTHB
cpnCKe xaj}.!;Y'IKC cnHKe H HCTopHjcKe
cTBapHoCTH XVI B., KaA je xaj}'!;Y'IHja
OHJIa Y nOp06JbeHoj Cp6HjH, MaKeAO
HHjM' H :SOCHH je}.!;HHH BHA OCJI060,L\H
JIa'IKe 6op6e.
KJIaCH'lHa npH'la 0 npeBapeHOM ByKy
(Aath 41+4+34), ,Kora JlHCHlI.a YBaJbyje
y CBe Belie HCBOJbe, Y }.!;aJIMaTHHcKoj
sep3HjH npO:lKCTa. jc }.!;YXOBHTHM ona
:lKafbeM cppaTapCKHX OCOOHHa. "JIHCifll.a
. ce rOCTH 06HJ1HO~ ne<lepOM cppaTapa,
n03HajyliH HX KilO CJIaAOKYCl"Ie, ,L\OK B)'K
n.o60:lKHO 3S0HH Ha 3B(JHHKY.
.
Ha 'IHTa130M jY:lKHOCJIOBeHCKOM Tepe-'
.IIY n03HOTa peJIHr:H03Ha npH'la (Aath
756C) .0 PIl300jHHKY. KOjH 6y}.!;e onpa- .
.IliTeH rpcxa' Kan y6Hje Belier rpeIllHHKa .
on ce6e, noceJiyje jeAHY CIle-ll.HCPH'IHY
I!PTY, Hen03HaTY y OCTaJIHM HHTepHa
IUiOHanHHM BapHjaHTaMa '0 OBOj TeMH.
HaMMe, He}.!;eJIO YOHjeHor, Belier rpem

213

HHKa on pa360jHHKa rroKajHHKa, caMO

je rrOKYllIaj na CKynH neBojKY (na je
OKJleBeTa rrpOCHOIW) - rpex KOjH rro
HallieM 06WIajHOM KOneKCY CTOjH Ha
Bpxy JleCTBHQe HajTexmx rpeXOBa.
IIpOnHpalbe peanHCTH'-IKHX eneMeHa
Ta, H3BeCHO Mellialbe BpCTa, OTHMalbe
on lbHXOBe HopMaTHBHOCTH, jenHa je
on 3Ha'IajHHX KapaKTepHCTHKa HOBH
jHX 3arrHca rrpHrrOBenaKa.
B. Tlpu'ta.

Hy nel(Y: nonMCTalbe :lKHBOTHlbe

YMecTO HOBopol)cH'IanH; aBaHType
rroonpacJlc 6palic, HarreTOCT y rrpHrro
BCnalbY, :lKHBOIIJ-ICHOCT cnHKe). lIyno
xpHllIliaHcKe JlereHne rrpeTBapajy y
cpaHTaCl'llKY 6ajKe.l
Y3HMajyliH cTpyKTypy JlereHnapHe
npH'Ie, 6ajKe 0 naCTopKH 14 KliepH
cynpoTCTaBJbajy IIojaM n06pa rrojMY
3J1a. MCKYllielba 'Kp03 Koja rrpOJla3H
npBO nacTopKa nOBOne je no Harpane
3aXBaJbyjyliH lbCHOM rrJleMeHHTOM
pearoBalbY (HaxpaHH :lKHBOTHlbe, no
J-IIlITe aJly, HaJla3H Jlerre pe'lH 3a
cBaKora). nOHOBJbeHH TOK panlbe
3aBpllIaBa ce Ka:lKlbaBalbeM MalieXHHe
KliepH Koja He nOnO:lKH HCIIHT n06pOTe.
)I(HBOnJ-lCHJ-IM CJIHKaMa OBe rrpHqe najy
14 jenaH I\OCTa peaJlHCTH'-IaH 06HqajHH
KOneKC, MOpaJlHHX 14 HeMOpaJIHHX rroc
TyrraKa 14 nOHamalba. 2

H.M.-"B.

XV 14 XVI B., 14 norrynapHHx 360pHHKa

nHnaKTH'IKe rrp03e, HapOqHTO palllH
peHHx Ha 3anany (B. llBeiii BcaKe
Myopocillu, y XV-.), 36HPKH rrorrOBa
rJlarOJballIa, cppalbeBaQa H pa3HHX
):IpyrJ-lx rr060:lKHHX crrHca Cpe):llbO
BeKOBHHX nHcaQa. Y cprrcKoj cpenlbO
BeKoBHoj KlbH:lKeBHOCTH orpaHWIaBa
ce Ha 06pal)HBalbe 14 MHpelbe rr03HaTHX
HOB03aBeTHHX rrapa60Jla, 3anp:lKaBa
jyhH OCHOBHH TOK rrpHrrOBe):lalba,
rrpHqa 3aMelbyje rroyqHY TeHneHQHjy
3a6aBHOM, rrpepacTajyliH nOHeKan y
llIaJbHBY rrpwIy, rrpwIy 0 :lKHBOTHlba
Ma, HnH HOBeny. (Y 3Ha'IelbY rrapa60
Jle l nojaBJbyje ce jOIli on XIII B.).
IIpHT"Ia 03HaqaBa 14 U3peKY, anH
06H'IHO ca aCOI.\HjaQHjoM Ha rr03HaTO
KlbH:lKeBHO neJlo. 3aKJbyqHa je 14 rrpen
CTaBJba HeKY BPcry caBeTa 14 npaBHJla
nOHallialba.

ClHl'OnorHjy HapOI\HJ-IX rrpHrrOBenaKa,

ca 3aHJ-IMJbJ-lBOM KnaCH<tJHKaQHjoM.
CBe aHToJlomje J-IMajy onllIHpHe YBOn
He cTynJ-ljc.

p.n.

llPUnOBETKE 0 npOrOlLEHOJ
.JJ:EBOJUU. Y06HqajeH Ha3HB rron
KOjHM ce KOn Hac rronpa3YMeBajy TPH
THIIa rrpHIIOBenaKa: 0 IIerreJbYrH (Aath
510); 0 ~eHoj aJIH Harpal)eHoj rra
CTOPQH 14 pa3MIDKeHoj 14 Ka:lKlbeHoj
liepKH (Aath 480); 14 Haj3an 0 neBojQH
6e3 pyKy (Aath 706). OBOM, rroCJIen
H.M.-1>.
lbeM, KOjH ce neJlH Ha HeKOJlHKO

H. M.-1>.
rrOnTHIIOBa (Hajrr03HaTHjH 0 [eHoBe
I Yn. Pje'<HuK JA3Y.
BH), rrocBelieHo je BHllIe KOMrrapa
I Yn. BYK. npuiioflujei/iKe. Gp. 33, 60. 61; nMC,
THBHHX crynHja Koje ce 6aBe rrOpeKJIOM
lX5H. XXII: BH!1a. IH07. III H 1868; 3IDKO,
npUQAJIUUA. TepMHH 3a npHrro
YCMeHe rrpHrrOBeTKe y onHoCY Ha
191H. XXIII: MBC. PYKonHc MHY Gp. 180 H
BenHe rreCMe (yrr. T. MapeTHli, Hama
rrHcaHe Bep3Hje Hallie 14 eBporrCKe
Jlp.
2 Yn. BYK. 34. 35. 30: MaKClIOHCKa npHnoBeTKa
cpenlbOBeKOBHe peJlHrH03He KlbH:lKeB
HapOOHa eilUKa).
.
BaMnHp H lIClloj'1H1l3; C!10BeHa'lKa npHno
B. TlpuiloBeOHa eilUKa ..
HOCTH (T. MapeTHli, II. IIorrOB~, P.
IICTKa Prijazna in prcpirijiva deklica H.llp.
CTPOXaJI, W. [aJlHHeQ HTn.): TeKCT 143
rJlarOJbCKHX 36HpKH rroq. XVI B.
-{
npUPEqJA. Ha3HB 3a rrOCJIOBHQe y
npO.JJ:AHOBUD, -lama (1~67-1948),
(Ce1bCKU 360PHUK 1507), JiaKo y
XIX B. (yrr. Pje'IHHK JA3Y - TOMO.
rrOJlHTHQap, KlbH:lKeBHH KpHTH'Iap 14
06J1HKY MHpaKyJla o 6J1IDKeHoj .JJ:eBH
MHKJloY~lmli).
KlbH:lKeBHH HCTOpHQap, ypenHHK QaCO
MapHjH, HaJla3H ce Ha Mel)H JlereH
H.M.-"B.
rrHca HaponHa MHcao, [JlaCHHK
napHe IipHqe 14 6ajKe. IIpHrroBena 0
Jlerroj iI060:lKHOj liecapoBoj KliepH

JyrocnoBeHcKor rrpotPecopcKor npy

npUqA (cTapocn. rrpHT'qa). 1.

llITBa, jenaH on rrOKpeTaQa CprrCKor

KOjOj CJIyre onceKY pYKe, aJIH YMeCTO
IIpHrroBeTKa ce rro jyxHHM KpajeBH

KlbH:lKeBHOr rJlaCHHKa. M3YQaBaO je

Jla je rro Hapel)elby Maliexe y6Hjy,
Ma tlajBJ-lllIe 30Be npwIa... a nijelliTo 14

HapOnHY KlbH:lKeBHOCT 14 06jaBHo BHllIe

OCTaBe je y rryCTHlbH. TaMo je rrpoHal)e
raTKa (BYK, npenroBop TlPUil06u
3HaQajHHx CTynHja 0 errCKHM'H Hapo
xepl.\erOB CHH, O:lKeHH ce lbOMe, Maliexa
jeiliKaMll); 2. nOCJIOBHQa (Pje'tHuK

Q~TO 0 JlapCKHM HapOnHHM rreCMaMa

je rrporalba 14 naJbe. IIOnMehe nIDKHO
Delabelle, BYKOB Pje'tHuK); 3. 3aro

Koje rreBajy 0 MOpaJlHHM 14 XYMaHHM

IIC,MO C HaBOnHHM xepQerOB!'IM Hape
lfeTKe (Kon Xei(TOpOBHlia); 4. rrpenalbe

ocelialbHMa, eCTeTCKHM 14 BepCKHM,

l)eIbeM na je rrory6e .ca 06a HOBOPO
(AHTYH PanJ-lli, OCH06U 3a ilpoy'taJby6aBHHM 14 np. IIpoyQaBaO rrcHXO
beHa CHHa. CBeKap HX crracaBa, caK
6a1be !' ~'1l611pa1be ?palje, 3H)[(O, 1897,

JlOlliKa Orra:lKalba 14 JlorwJ,Ka pacy

.Plll~IlI.H HX Y iIYCTHlbH. 3axBaJbyjyfiH
IJ~. IIpWr'tIa Kao CpenH,OBeK0I3HH

l)HBaIi,a y HaponHoj rroe3HjH, Ha

IfcKpeHoj MonHTBH, Eoropon!'IQa Bpaba
SeJlHKOM 6pojy necaMa, 143 Pa3HHX,
~nanO~eHJ:I p)?Ce,.MY:lK)e npoHa.rya3H,
!'I3pa~, rrpe.KO CJIH'IHOJ:.H rr03HaTor .

. a Mal1exy KIDKIhaBa CrraJbHBalbeM. . . . H3HOCH npelt O'IH OHO niTO' Tpe6a

,jecTO: if .~ex<:e nOCTyrrHHX 3aIlHca.

.. HaponIie, nOCTa MHoro6pojHe BapH-
(Hama HapOOHa KJbUJICeBHOciii, 1932).
pa3YMeTJ-I:
'jaHTe, yKJIalbajyliH rr060:lKHo - rroyqHH
06jaBHo BHllIe .aHTOJJOrnja errCKHX 14
'Y HapOnHY KlbH)j{eBHOC'l' nOJla3H
TOH, YHoce 14 HH3 HOBHX eJleMeHaTa
JlHPCKIiX rrecaMa, cprrcKoxpBaTcKHx,
.rrYTeM nporroBenH (KopU3Me1baK,
.CJI0BeHa'lKHX 14 MaKenOHCKHX,. Kao 14
(XBaJIY neBojqHHY na lie ponHTH 3J1aTEJla20aHllp, Sermon; Discipula) Beli y

214

nponACT UAPCTBA cpnCKO

EncKa neceTcpa'IKa rreCMa (.BYK
II145) Y KOjOj ce y rrpBoM neJlY H3HOCH
onpeneJbClbe KHe3a na3apa 3a QapcTBo
He6eCKO J-I npH'IelllhHBalbe BojcKe
KaKO CTOjH y KfuH3H Koja MY C He6a
AOJla3J-1. nponop TypaKa Ha KocoBo
nOBon jc oneBalba jYHa'IKHx paTHHQ
KHX nOnBHra Jyr-EornaHa 14 JyroBHfia,
6palie MplbaB'IcBHlia, Epuera CTerra
Ha 14 Qapa na3apa, y rpanaQHjcKoM
HH3Y lbHXOBHX ycrrexa. anH 14 rrorH6Hje,
14 Haj3an H3najc BYKa EpaHKoBHlia Kao
Y3poKa nporracTH. Y OBOM npyroM
neJlY rreCMe ormcyjc ce HaKO HenOBOJb
HO pa3BJ-IjeHo, caM 60j, IlITO caMO Ha
J-I3rJlen npoTHBpC'IH rrO'IeTHOM CH:lKej
HOM TOKy. wopManHO rJlenaHO, rreCMa
ce MO:lKe CXBaTHTH Kao nBe CaMOCTaJlHe
neCHH'IKC TBopeBHHe; rrpBO je orrpene
. Jbelbe 3[1 He6eCKO QapCTBO, a 3aTHM
60p6a na 614 ce 3eMaJbCKO caQy~aJIo.
TaKo ce 14 pa3nBaja y HeKHM aHTOJlOrH
jaMa, yrJlaBHoM 3a IlIKoJlcKyyrroTpe6y.
Mel)YTJ-IM. CHara eCTeTCKe 14 eTH'-IKe
BpenHOCTH OBC rreCMe yrrpaBO je y
np0:lKHMafuY 14 .H3jenHaQaBalbY nYXOB
HHX Bpen-HOCTJ-I C 60p6eHHM rrOnBH3
HMa 3a on6paHY CJI060ne 3eMJbe, y
cimaTaihy na CMpT Ha 60jHOM rrolliy'
OTBapa nyT Be'IHOCTH. 3aBpnurn CTH
.XOBH nOKa3yjy rreBa'IeB CTaB 0 TOMe:

r A.

215

" eRe je memo

,ItIlJlOMe

II

'leCmllmU

~i

:i

r
j

II:
fl

l<!

iI"
!

\'

6U/10

DI!ZY iiPllciTiyua'lllo.

p.n.

.,

:.J.,

. !"

I1POTOnOn HE.JJ:EJbKO. II03HaTo

. J-IMe y HapOnHHM rreCMaMa, Haj'Iellifie
CTapHjHx npeMclcla (y rreCMH YpOlli 14

rr

T
MplbaB'leBHhH), 3a xpaopor H HenO~
MHTJhHBOr CBeIll'reHHKa. JaBJha ce H Y
neCMaMa 0 YCKoqHMa (CMPT Celba

Hlma HBe).
p.n.
I1PnOPymA (nenepy.o.a, nenepyma,
6ap6apyma, np~). MJIa~Hh OKHheH
3eJIeHHJIOM KOjH y3 ilpiloPyulicy ileCMY
urpa, y'lecTByjylm y oope~y IIpH3HBa
lba KHme. H 06H'laj H neCMe o~rOBapa
jy ~OlIOJIH H )l,OlIOJICKHM neCMaMa. Y
jyr03analIHHM KpajeBHMa Hame 3eMJhe
y TOMe 'lelIlhe Y'leCTByjy MJIa)l,HhH.
B.lI.oaOlla.
P. n.

nYTIIJIOB, EOpHC HHKonajeBH'I

(pol)eH 1919), PYCKH CJlaBHCT H <pOJlK
JIOPHCT, ~OKTOp <pHJlOJIOlIlKHX HaYKa,
BHlIlH Hay'lim capa~HHK y ET
HOrpa<pcKoM HHCTHTYTY AKa~eMHje
HaYKa Y lleTepcoypry. BasH ce THno
JIOlIlKD-KOMnapaTHBHHM H3Y'laBalbeM
pycKor, Mal)apCKor; a noceoHojYJKHO
CJIOBeHCKor <pOJlKJlopa. npOOJleMHMa
CIDKea H CTpYKTYpe (0 lleKoiliopux
CilipYKiI1YPllUX occo6ellllociI1~ clla:
6.R1lCKO'iO euoca, Acta Etnographica A
Sc. H. 1970 N 19; 0 CilipYKiI1ype
cIOJlCeilioo6paa06allUJl 6 6U11UllaX U
IOHal4KIJX ilecllax, MaKelIoHcKH <pOJIK
JlJ)P, 1970, 6p. 5-6). HCTpa:lKyje
3aKOHHTOeT pa3BHTKa enCKe noe3Hje H
oaJIa~e ('1JIaHaK 0 HCTOPHjH pa300ja
pYCKor. H jY}lmOCJIOBeHCKor ena,
fJlaCHHK 3MBHX, 1971, HC, CB.
XXVI; 06 eilU'IeCKOM UOailieKCiI1e,
Cll:aB.!IHCKHA <pOJlbJIOP, 1972; JYJIC1l0

Cli06ellCKa 6allaaa It pycKa KYlliI1ypa,

360PHHK MCIJ" 1975, Klb. 4, CB..1)...
lheros8 KlbHra Clla6JlllCKaJl uciI1opu
'Iec1CaJi 6aJlaoa, 1965, YMHOrOM je 3a
CHOBaHa Hll Hamoj rpal)H, a PYClCUU U
IOJlC1l0CIIW3JlllCKItU 'iepou'IecKuii eiloc,
1971, npBO je Aeno y KOMe ce jYJKHO
CJlOBeHCKH jYHn'IKH en npoy'laBa KOM
nnpllTHBHo-THllonoIIlKH Kao L\enHHa y
O~HOCY Hil PYCKH.
H.M.-n.

nYTHHqKO nEB AILE. EncKo

neBalbe "H3 rJIllcn 6e3 HHCTpYMeH
TllJlHe npaTlbc, Hll HYTY, 06H'lHO Hohy.
.npBH lIyT ra CIIOMHlbe HHKH<POp
fperopa 1326. Ha HohHOM IIYTOBalbY
Kp03 myMy, lbCroBH npaTHOL\H BOjHH
I\H ryP05HHM rJIaCOM OneBaJIH cy
CJlnBY jYHaJl. Y XVIII B. !l>OPTHC,
Kll'lHh H ,UOCH'l'cj THKolje nOMHlbY oBaj
Hll'IMH. ,UocTa no~aTaKa HMa H H3
CllMHX nCCHMll.
p.n.
iIyqKA KILIIJKEBHOCT. ll03Ha
Ta, pelje CTHXOBaHa oCTBapelba, BehH
HOM npHIlOBelIHD-MOpamfCTWIKor Ka
paKTepa, i\a eneMeHTHMa anOKpH<pHHX
lIeJla xpHluhaHCKe KlbIDKeBHOCTH, HJIH
npH'lalb!l peaJlHHX a HeOOH'lHHX, 'leCTO
TPllrH'IHHX 30IiB!llbll, y HOBHje BpeMe'c
HllrnailleHOM CCHTHMeHTanHomhy. To
KOM paHHjHx BeKosa IllTaMnaHe cy y
nonyJIapHHM KH,IDK.Hl.\aMa KOlI BehHHe
. cnpOIICKHX Hapo~a: KOlI Hac BehHHOM
KOIl CnolleHlll.\B H XpBaTa.
p.n.

p
P ABAHIIUA. Hapo~He enCKe neCMe
'Iyaajy HCTOPHjCKO cehalbe Ha OBY
3a~y:lKOHlIY KHe3a JIa3apa; Hajn03HaTH
ja je neCMa 0 lbeHOM rpal)elby, no yrJIe
~y Ha HeMalbHhe (BYK 11134, 35).
p.n.
P ABEAP, cnOBeHa'lKH <peY)l,anaL\,
n06e)l,HHK ca cBojOM KOlbHqOM Ha~
TYPL\HMa, KO)l, CHcKa. Y HCTOPHjCKOj
neCMH, y HeKOJIHKO BapHjaHaTa l (y
36HPL\H Slovenske Ijudske pesmi, I), no
THnH'lHoj encKoj cxeMH oneBa ce
~OJIa3aK TypcKor name H npmrpeMe 3a

50j. nHcalbe H3a3HBa'lKOr nHCMa,

CSe'laHH Hcnpali:aj HaL\HOHaJIHOr jYHa
Ka H nooe~a.

PAnE HEIIMAP. CTajahe HMe y

enCKHM neCMaMll 3a BeWTa rpa~HTeJha
KaKBor M<lHaCTHpa HJlH rpalla (PaBa
HHl\e, CKa~pll). MO:lK~a HCTOPHjCKO
cehalbe Ha rp<l~HTeJha JbyoOCTHlbe,
Pll~a BopOBHha, HnH Ha Pa~a HeHMa
pa, 'mjH jc CTBapHH :lKHBOT OHO enCKH
~yr: "Bu JIeTO 7000, Meceqa aIIpHJla.
Cej KpCT MY'leHHKa Pa~e HeHMapa
KaKO ce npeCTaBH Ha xpaMY CBeTaro
JIYKe y nOlIrpa~HHe ... H ce OHCT :lKHB
100 neT...

P.n.

PA]lETH'D, IIBaH (1835-1914). KlbH

:lKeBHHK, cneillTeHO JIHL\e, npo<pecop
rHMHa3Hje' y CClbY: no 06pa30BalbY
. H. M.-l>.
TeOJIOr, KnaCHI\HCT H H9TOpH'lap.
IRavbur zbira vojsku in zmaga pri Siska. hr. 12,
CMaTpajyhH 1I1l 'H3yqaBalbe KYJlTyplie
CTp.74-79.
HCTopHje Tpe6a 3aqo'leTH jOlIl npe
P A,U(OBH) KOHfPECA "'OJIK~ . nocx:ojalbll ~HcaHHX CiiOMeHHKa,. HanHJIOPIICfA JYfOCJIABIIJE (IJ1952}
cao Je npe2lleo xp~iliCKe iIlpaaUl,uOJelIHorOlIHmlba ny6nHKaL\Hja CaBe3a
Ha~lle H:fbLOKe61l0CUlU (C~lb, 1879),
. YlIpY:lKelba <ponKJlOpHCTa JyrOcJ1aBHje, .
npelIMeT CBora H3Y'laBalba Je 03Ha'lHO
qpBa KlbHra, oojaBJheHa 1952. y llynH, .. KilO Hapo)J.He YMOTBopHHe Koje cy O,IJ.
nocBeheHa je MY3HtlKOM <pOJIKJlOPY.
AIlBHe lIaBHHHe YCMeHHM npelIasalbeM
O~ 1953. oojaBJhyje pe<pepaTe ca KOHOil OTL\a Ha CIiHU. Oll CHHa'Ha YHYKa cae
rpeca <ponKJIOpHcTa. 'KoHrp'ecH 'ce
-lIO )l,aHac ca'IYBaHe,. 11:3JIaralbe je
O)l,p:lKaBajy CBaKe rOlIH He y. lIPyroj
nOlIenHO y TpH O,IJ.eJhKa H lIeBeT rnaBa.
npBH ce OlIceK TH'le HCTOPHjCKHX
peny6JIHL\H. ,UoCTa yje)l,Ha'leHe CTPYKType, 360PHHL\H paCIIpaBJhajy 0 <p OJIKnO,IJ.aTaKIl 9 CTllpOj nOCToj6HHH npeMa
nopy Kpaja HnH IllHper IIolIPY'lja rlIe ce
oojaBJheHHM oHOBpeMeHHM palIoBHMa.
KOHrpeC 'olIP:lKasa (fopelbcKo, MaKe'uPYrH cc Aeo O)l,HOCH Ha HapolIHe
IIpHnOB~TI\e, IIOCJIOBHL\~. oecMe, C
lioxymajeM K.hacM<pHK&Il,Hje. Y TPehe~.
O,IJ.~C;:KY cy H~HeTH' pe1YJITaTH ):lOTa
. .JIeMaTHKY. Haj'leillhe no. npcTaMa;
06jaB.1byjy MY3HKOJIOIllKe, T
HOJIOlIl.' ,lJ.amlbHX H3y'ulBalb;;t y.cMeHe Klb~eB
. KQ-COL\HOnOlIlKe. HCTopHjcKe. MeTOlIOHOCTH. C!iM OHCaL\ ce yrnaBHoM; onpe~
JIOlIlKe cTYlIHje; pa3MaTpajy nojelIHHa
lIeJhyje 3!l T3B: MHTOJIOIlIKy TeopHjy.
HapOlIHY KlbH:lKeBHOCT nOCMaTPa Kao
nHTalba eCTeTHKe <ponKJlopa nojelIHHH opojeBH cy TeMaTCKH (CTBapanalIl3aje~HHllKo KyJ1TypHo oJIaro XpBaTa H
TBO H3 HOE-a).
Cpoa.
H. M.-t..
P. n.

1I0HHja, Y:lKHL\e,' Xepl1eroBHHa. HeTpa~ llpoY'la~.aiY. Te~pHjcK~ npoo-

D6

D7

.. ~A"""U~J...l"-'JJ".lJJ, fUUJbCfHa

\!JU.9t:tiC:1

1921), HaY'lHH caBCTHHK ETHOJlOlllKOr

HHCTHTYTa CAHY. Y CKnony noce6

Hor HHTepecoBalha 3a HCTOPHjy eTHO

nor~ H q,OJIKJIOpHCTHKe, oGjaBHJIa

pa:n.oBe: SpallUCllaa HYUlUh, eiU1l01l0i

rAJA \Up. HCMYCJlHMaHCKH nonaHHK).

HCKa Bpera HapoJ{Hor lllaJbHB1\a KOjH
ce OOH'IHO nojaBJbY.ie Kao npoTHBHHK
TYP'IHHY Y maJhHBHM npM"IaMa H
mnaJUlll<lMa Ii OKO Kora ce caKynJbajy
MOTHBH Kao OKO Epe, HTep TIeja H
APyrHx ,IlOMHllln,8Ha.
H.M.':B.

u tjJoIIJC/IOpucili, 1963; Aaaoo8cu 0

8yy KapaT,luhy y uciliopuju pyce

tjJoIIlIopuciliue, 1964; 8y llouoaun

PAJKOBU'B., "Boplje (1825-1886),

u tjJOIIJC/IOp Soe Koiliopce, 1969;

cKynJha'l H H3.I1aDa'l Hap0.IlHHX yMOTBO

;:PoIIlIopuciUua y CpUCKOM. eiWto

pima, Y'IHTeJb H KlbH)I{eBHHK. TIHcao je

'lpatjJcoM. a6oplluy, 1971; By Kapa

neCMe, ne.IlarOmKe 'lJIaHKe, KlbH)l{eB

T,luh, eiUlloipatjJ u tjJOIIIIOpuciU, 1973;

HOHcTopHjcKe HanHce, ype9HBao BHllle

/locaOaUlH>a eiUllo'lpatjJuja u tjJOII

caTHpH'IHHX JIHCTOBa H je.IlaH ne.Ila

lIopuciliua 0 eiliIlU'lUM 'lpyuaMa u

rolllKH. Ca6Hpao je HapO.IlHe neCMe,

llapOO1l0M ciUaapailaUliUay Kocoaa u

npHnOBeTKe H nOCJIOBH1\e. I-i3Aao je

MeiUoxuje, 1974. TIpeAMeT HeKonHKHX

lheHHX paAoBa cy H APYlllTBeHH H

eTHWIKH acneKTH <pOJIKnOpa, npe

CBera Y OKBHpY HapOJl.HOr CTBapana

lllTBa H Mei)yeTHH'rKHX npmKHMalha

PycHHa (0 Up03U Y1IUIlCUX PycUHa,

KlbH)I{H1\Y npHI10BenaKa H nOCJIOBH1\a H

36HPKY Hapol~HHX necaMa: Cpuce
llapOOHe iieCMe (:JICeHce) , HOBH Ca.Il,
1869. llecMe, nel'iHHoM OeJIe)l{eHe no
CJIaBOHHjH, nOJ~eJIHO je Ha ocaM BpCTa:
JhyoaBHe,cBaToBCKe,HrpaqKe,naCTH~

1971, YCMe1l0 llapoollo ciUaapalla

CKe H )l{eTena'IKe, n06mKHe, lllaJhHBe,

UliUao 6a'lux PycUHa y XIX aey...

1973, Kpa.lbe8uh Mapo y tjJoIIJC/IOpy

npH'JaJIMIte (pOMaHce, 6aJIa.Ile H OCTane
Malbe KU3HBa'IKe neCMe) H pa3J1H'lHe.
6a'lt;UX Pyculla, 1978.) .

H. M-lI.
P A,llOCAB CUBEPUHAQ. JYHaK

n03HaTe 6yraplllTH1\e 3aIIHcaHe KOA TI.

XeKTopoBIIDa (PH6albe H pH6apcKo

/iIpm:oB8palbe). Ha npeBapy ra yxBa

TH H nory6H BojBoAa BnaTKo YAHHCKH;
P8Jl.OCaB, npeA CMpT, He MoraBmH Aa ce
oA6paHH, HeBepHoM, npHjaTeJ:bY peqH
Ma YHOCH cYMlhY Y BepHoCT )l{eHe H.
THMe ra palbaBa. Y3 KpaJ:beBHha Map
Ka nOMHlbY ra Y CTHXOBHMa neCMe Koje
HaBoAH Jypaj KpH)l{aHHh (XVII B.).
p.n.

PA,llYJI-BEr. HMe H; HapoAHe'necMe

3a BnamKor BOjBOAY KOjH je' )l{HBeO

KpajeM XIV B. CnOMHlbe ce Y BHme

.HapOAHHx necaMa BYKoBe' 39HpKe

'(11128, IY74, 11/87'. yrnaBHoM Y neCMa

Ma 0 )l{emm6aMa, H31?,,!H y~ore Y HCTO- ~

pnjH.l
..
.
H; M.-lI.

1 YD. It EpJlaHreH~KH P}'KQDUC 6p. 49, nje;aHuja,

6p. 39, ne-rpanoBuh IIf49 UTA.

218

36HpKa HeMa npenrOBopa HHTH nona

TaKa 0 HUCTaHKY.
p.n.

PAJKO BOJBO.I(A. TIoeTcKoHMe

HajBepOBtlTHHje PanOcaBa .1leJIHHKa,
jYHaKa C IIO'IeTKa xVf B., reHepanHor
KaneTaHU caM03naH1\a 1\apa JOBaHa
HeHaAa H lberOBor HaCJIenHHKa, 60plI.a
I1pOTHB TypaKtl H B0ge CppCKHX. 'leTa y
cpeMy H CnaBoHHjH (MaprH'ra tleBOj
Ka H PajKo BOjnonu).
H.M.-lI.

PACKOIlHUK. TpoMeceqHH qaCOllHC

El/1968) 38 KlbH)I{eBHOCT H HapOnHY
KYJITYPY, H3Jla3HO Y H3.I1albY Hap.onimr
YHHBep3HTeTa Y rOplbeM MHJIaHOB1\Y
H ApYXHHe neCHHKa ca rena Cym::so
KpeT (1968-1973); nOCJIe npeKHna
H3na3}f.y ~eorpa.Ily (1975-1975: 1980
1985.. 19~7). YpenHH1\H Y npB(jM'nepH~'" : .
O.IlY: A: EpHh, A BHTomeBHH H B' ..
Komyruh. llaconHc Tana MaxOM .06ja
BJbyje neCMe CeJbaKa 'neCHHKa, Kao H
HanHce 0 caMOYKHM CJIHKapHMa H

BajapHMa, H HapoAHe YMOTBopHHe. Y

Jl.PyroM nepHony (ype.IlHHK ]h. PaLleH
KOBHh O.II 1982), naje npeceK TPaH3H
UHje Kynrype, npaTH KyJITypHa 36H

Balba. OKYnJba BenHKH opoj capaAHH

Ka H3 KIbH)I{eBHe II KYJlrypHe jaBHOCTH.
H. M-n.

YCTaHKY (BYK IV/31, Eoj Ha AeJIH

rpany).

p.n.

PE'BEn, JeJlKa (poijeHa 1936), npo

q,ecop Cpe,!llbOBeKOBHe KlbH)l{eBHOCTH

Ha <PHno30<pcKOM <paKYJITeTY y Ho
BOM Ca.IlY, KIbH)I{eBHH HCTOpHqap.

BaBH ce npoY'JaBalbeM npelll1HTalba H

y3ajaMHHX Be3a cpenlboBeKoBHe llH

caHe H CTapHje YCMeHe TPanHl{Hje, OCO

6HTO np03HHX npenalba 0 enCKHM

jYHal{HMU (nOKTOpCKa Te3a TIpHqa 0

60jy KOCOBCKOM, 1973). 06jaBHJla je

BHme panOBa 0 YCMeHoj KOCOBcKOj

Tpa;QHl{HjH y np03H H encKOM neBalbY y

.IleJIHMa nOCJIenlbe q,a3e CpenlbOBe

KOBHe nHcaHe KIbH)l{eBHOCTH, Kao H Y

pa.IlOBHMa llHC811a XIX BeKa; 3aTHM 0

CH6HlbaHHHY JaHKY H yrapCKHM jYHa
1\HMa Y Hamoj Hap0.IlHoj KIbH)l{eBHOCTH
H nHcaHHM nenHMa CTapHje Harne H
Ma9upCKe KlbH)I{eBHOCTH, Kao H 0
3Majy AecnOTY BYKY.
p.n.

PATHU~KO-nATPUJAPXAnHA

AHEf,llOTA. BpCTa HapO.IlHe np03e

Ha rpaHH1\1I aRernOTe H npenalba,
KapaKTepHCTH'IHa 3a OqYBaHa PO.IlOB
CKo-nJIeMeHCKa ypei)elba (3a UpHY

ropy, HCTOqHY XepI~eroBHHY H cyce.Il

He 06JIaCTH). KpaTKa CJIHKa .IlOra9aja,

Oe3 onHca, .IlpaMaTHqaH cYKo6 pa.Illbe

HJlH peqH, c Hajqemhe eTHqKOM noeH

TOM (TaJIa1\ nOCJIaT.Ila YMHPH YCTaHHKe

CaBeTYje HM na ce 60pe H .IlaJ:be H Bpaha
ce y ponCTBo H CMpT). AeJIyje BacnH
THO.
TIOnyT enCKe neCMe, yaeK ce O.IlHOCH
Ha O.Ilpei)eHo nH1\e, OKO Kora ce MOry
CTBapaTH 1\HKJlYCH; YJ.IlH)I{e qOjCTBO If
jYHamTBO, HCMeBll KyKaBH'IJIyK. 3Hajy

hH na MY CHH HHje xpa6ap, OT81\ 3ane

PEJIUrH03HA npUnOBETKA.
JIeqe K8Jl. BH.I\H Aa je y 60p6H palbeH:
Je.IlaH on TepMHHa 3a JIereHnapHY
3a60ra CHHe, KaA CH TH palbeH, je JIll .
npH'I)', 'YBeAeH non YTH1\ajeM CTpaHHX
ty HKO OCTao :lKHB? TIoce6Ho ce
KJlaCHq,HK"Il{Hja npimoBenaKa.
pa3BHja Y BpeMe xajAyqKHX H paTHH
. B. JIe'lelloapua apu'la.
qKHX aK1\Hja (OA XVII AO cpenHHe XIX
H.M.-lI.
B.). O)I{HBJI,aBa y Hap0.IlHOOCJI060.IlH

naqKoj..60p6H. TIpWia ce HCKJ:byqHBO y

PEJIUfU03HE nECME, B. Bepc~e

Kpyry MYmKapa1\a, M8Jl.a cy joj rJIaBHH

iieCMe.
JIHKOBII qeCTO )l{eHe. XyMOp y Iboj HMa

HeKY BHmY nYXOBHOCT. HHK8Jl. He

CJIY)l{H YBeCeJ:baBaH.y. Beh 'OCBeTJha~

PEJIKOBU'B., MaToja AUTYH (1732.,..

BalbY HCTopHjcKor nepHOna, 'JIHqHOCTH,

1798), KH,H)I{eBHHK Ii neCHHK P,81\HO"

eTHHqKe oc06eHociH. (ABoje rJIa.IlHHX

HaJIHCTa. aycTpHjcKH rpaHHqapCKH

npocjaKa npenHpy ce Aa JIH je 60JbH

0<pH1\Hp. llHcao je noyqHa neJIa H

Pyc MH I.1pyc.)
nY)l{H cneB Caiiiup,' UIIumu . ouaju

H.M.-lI.

'Ioau (1764), YKOMe H3JI3)I{e)I{HBOTHe

nOYKe 'CBOjHM cyHap0.IlHH1\HMa CJIa

. PAm~O, neBa,! encKmt HapO.IlHHX

BOHWfMU, )l{eJIeh~ .Ila HCKopeHH M~lJ~ H

.' . neca~a, pOnOM H3 KOJIammia. TIOqeT
P9aBI! HaSHKe .rpaHHqapCKOr .CTaROB-.
KOM npBOr YCTam::a ilpemao y Cp6Hjy.
HHlllTj:Ia. Aeno je 6HJlo'OMHJbe'Ho, HCUe: .
. BYK je on Ibera 3I;lUH.caOneceraK JIenHX
silHO Mil lfapO.IlHOM je3HK}', pBMOBaHHr.{
enCKHX nec.aMa 0 Mplba~qeBitI'iHMa,. . .IleceTep1\HMa:Y Cf!eBY ceO nOMHIbY Ha- .
Qapy Aymaliy, KHe3Y na3apy, 9. CTa
PO.IlHe Hrpe y KOJIY H neBalbe necaMa 0
pHHH HOBaKY; HajBepoBaTHHjecaM
KpaJbeBHhy MapKY KojH je BPJIO nony
JIapaH. Kao nOY'IHH npHMep 3a Oqy
HcneBao necMY 0 APyroM cpncKoM

219

'.

Balbe CJlOre y nOpOnH'lHHM 3anpyraMa,

OH llITaMna Y CBOM neJIY HapOnHY ne
CMY 0 opahH JaKlIlHhHMa nOn HaCJlO
BOM: CaTMp Ka3yje CnaBOHl\Y Aa je ca
:lKeHIi H no ca,na, Te 6am rocnollcKH
Kyhll. CBanlba H nHooa oHBana; IDfCMa
Koja ce H AaHac Y3 TaM6yPY nHBa, TO
HCTO CBH,nO'lH. OBY je neCMY BYK
YHeo Y npyry KlbHry CBor nOCJIenlber,
TSB. Be'lKor H3,nalba (JaKumhH Kyma
jy Jby6e, II). Y npenroBOpy Caillupa

aYTOP HanOMHlbe na cy CBH CrraBOHI.\H

noopH neBa'IH H HaBOnH neceTepa'IKH

nHCTRX THna 6ehapl\a, llITO cnana y
HajpaHHje sanHce OBor HaponHor
neBalba:

3a'lehy 3naTopYKor H 3JIaTOKOCor CHHa

H 3MHje
on KpHna ynOBJbeHe pH6e.
.!l:paMaTH'lHa lIoeHTa oanane je y npe
napM HecpehHe HepOTKMlbe, Koja pa~a
3MHjy, H nepHneTHjaMa Koje H3 Tora
HCTH'ly.1

.ao6po .AlU je u 6o.lbeA! ce naiJa.M.,

Y 'le.Al XOOUM, y iiio.Ale u CiiU8a.Al.

POKCAH.llA. CTajalie HMe y HallIoj

enCKoj lIocSHjH sa )KeHY BHCOKa pona.
cyupyry unH Klicp BJIanapa (BYK 11129,
30, 33, 4(), 92). OBO rp'lKO lIMe nponp
no je y HallJY YCMeHY TpanHl\Hjy HajBe
pOBaTHHje H3 cpenlbOBeKoBHor pOMa
Ha 0 AncKcaHnpy BeJIHKOM, npeMa
HMeH:Y liepKe napa .!l:apHja, KOjOM ce
AneKcaHnap O)KeHHO.

H. M.-ll.

I Yn.D. P~jKll1l\1h. I HtW. up. 171; B. IleTpaHoBHh

I. up. 21: EpR. pyK. up. 34: MX J, 6p. 39 H lip.

POJEHUll,E (unHTH CojeHM1\e). Ha

SHB 3a cyljaje, yo6H'IajeH npeBacXOnHO
Meljy KajKaB1\HMa.

B. Balba6el(, M. K.; rparjJeHayep, H.

H. M.-ll.

p.n.
PEJbA Oll nA3APA (Pcn.a OA
BYABMa, Pcn.a KpunaTBu:a, KpunaTB
BOWu,auHu). JYHaK HapOnHRX necaMa,
BemlKalli 1\apa llYlliaHa C nocenHMa
OKO CTpYMH1\e, oes HCTOPHjCKHx
cehalba Y HaponHHM neCMaMa; noopa
TlIM MapK'a KpaJbeBHha, Y3 MHirollia
OOIDIHha (BYK 1I/39). ITo jYH811ITBY H
JJenOTH H3Y3eTaJ~ Ha31(1B KpunaTH
nOlliao BepoBaTHo no onehH CTapRX
paTHHKa - Kannaxy H OKJJony C KpHJJH
Ma. Ca'lYBaHo je HanrpooHo cnOBO
Koje je 1342. hecapy' XpeJbH (y Mo
HallITBY XapHT~HY), riocseTHo Heno3HaTH PHJlCKH MOHax.

POMAHUJA. EncKH YCTaJheH nOKa. nHTeT, IInaHHHa y BocHH y KOjOj ce

Kyrre H Acnyjy opojHe xajnyqKe 'leTe;
3a lby ce OC06HTO B.~syje XapaM6allIa
CTapHH<l HOBaK H lberoBa 'leTa C
PanHBojeM, TaTOMHpOM H fpyjHl\OM;
HeKH o;q JIOKaJIHTeTa Hace TpaJJ;Hl.\Hj
CKO HMe: HOBaKOBe CTeHe.

P.n.

.p.n.

P.n.

PEJ)PEH (npnncB, npunolKaK). Bp

CTa rJJaCOBHor' nOHaBJbalba, pe'l unH
CHHTarMa, Koja ce OOH'IHO nojaBJ:byje y
npaBunHlIM pasMa1\HMa, HOCJIe noje
nHHRX CTRXOBa, HJlH MHCaOHRX 1\eJJHHa.
. MOJoKe' HMaTH noeTcKo-YMe~HH'lKY;'
KOMno3H1\HoHY .HJJH MY3lf'lKo-HSBO~
.lja'l~Y <PyHKl.\Hjy..
B. n01J6lbaH;>e. .

H./1:I.-n.

POMAHCA. YenOBaH TepMHH sa en

CKo-nHpCKe neCMe HOBeJIHCTH'IKe ca
np)KHHe. lJeCTa XYMopHCTH'IKa noeH
Ta, Kao H HHS M'oryIiHOCTH sa pacIIJIeT
. KOjH nOn<lSH.Heo'leKHBaHO, HsnBaja RX
9n OanaAa. nYXOBHTa; nOHeKa,n caTB
pH'IHa,. po~aHca He HCTH"ie nCRXH'lKY:
Beh. BHlJle <pH3H'IKY cTpaHY .C,BOjHlf
jYHaK8. 'KapaKTepHe' 1\pTe ce ~naK
nojaBJhyjy y npeccKy nora~aJa. .'

H.M.-n.
PliCA PHBA. Y Hayl.\H 0 HaponHoj
KlbHlKeBHOCTH yo6H'JajeH HaCJIOB sa
oanaJJ;e 0 JJ;yro o'!'eKHsaHOM, qyJJ;ecHoM

PonCTBO JAHKOBIfI1.A CTO

JAHA. JcAHa 011 HajJlenlUHX enCKHX

220

necaMa YCKO'lKor l..\HKJIyca, BeOMa

OMHJbeHa H n03HaTa Ha llIHPOKOM
TepeHY. BYK jy je sanHcao BepOBaTHO
OA neBa'lHl..\e y CpeMY (Byx III, 25).
BpojHe BapHjaHTe nOSHaTe cy oco6HTO
C nonpY'lja 3ananHe BocHe, CnaBoHHje
H llanMa1\Hje y 3anHCHMa npyre nOJJ.
XIX B. OCHOB neCMe 'lHHH HHTepHa1\HOHaJIHH MOTHB 0 MY)KY Ha CBanOH
cBoje )KeHe (onllJTe nOSHaT rrpeMa
OnHcejy). CTOjaH JaHKOBHh H jenaH
YCKOK on pona MHJhKOBHha npoBeJJH
cy saHCTa Y TypCKOM ponCTBY 'leTp
HaeCT MeCe1\H. a nOTOM ce BpaTHnH y
KOTape. DBa HCTopHjCKa 'lHlbeHH1\a
nonpHHOCH MoryliHOCTH Be3HBalba
HHTepHa1\HOHBJIHOr MOTHBa 0 nyro
OnCYTHOM MYlKY sa ooor Bpno rrOSHa
TOr jYHaKa; BpeMe ce enCKH onpeljyje
Ha neBeT rOnHHa, a C lbHM cynOHHY y
rreCMH neJJH nonyJIapaH jYHaK MnHja
CMHJhaHHh. ITecMa ce OAJIHKyje TaHa
HHM ocelialbeM JhyoaBH CBeKpBe npeMa.
nneMeHHToj CHaXH, AYOoKHM ellilOl.\Hja
Ma Tyre CTapH1\e MajKe H lbeHoj
Hajja'Ioj nOCJlenlboj panOCTH Kan yr:JIe
na <;HHa. AJIeropHjcKa neCMa 0 JIaCTa
BH1\H lIJTO mesno BHje H pa3BHja, KOjy
CTojaH'rrCBa npen CBaTOBlIMa, y HeKHM
BapHjaHTaMa.. je saMelbeHa HHTepHa1\HOHanHHM MOTHBOM 0 npenOSHaBalbY
nOMohy npCTeHa y 'lallJH. Y SaBpllJHOM
neJIY neCMe CTojaH nocryna nneMeHH
TO np~Ma npOCH01\HMa Koje 06napH H

ceCTpy HM Kao HeBeCTY .rIaje.

jaHKo Ma.il!H spahn ea HSBopa Bp,!, ea

O'IYXOBOM KPBJby.
B . .Ioamt !l Olt6C/{!l ciiiapjeUlWlG.
H. M.-ll.

RUBERTIS, Ivan de (1813-1889),

HTaJIHjaHcKH epynHTa H Y'IHTCJb, CaB
peMeHHK unHPCKHX npenopOnHTeJha.
'BaBHo cc <pHJI030<jJCKHM H <pHnOJIO
IIIKHM HaYKaMa. HaCTojao je na yrr03Ha
enOBeHCKH CBeT C ManOM HaceOOHHOM
XpBaTa y j~HOj MTaJIHjH. .!l:pyroBao
je ca Y'ICHHM JhYHHMa H POAOJhy6HMa
no .!l:anMaI.tHjH. XpBaTcKoj, CPOHjH,
TIOJhCKOj H PYCHjH, Kao H MTaJIHjH.
BHo je '1naH CpncKor Y'leHor npYlUTBa
H npHjaTCJh C KlbJDKeBHHKOM MenoM
TIY1\HheM. 06jaBHo je neno Delle
colonie Slave Ilel regllo di Napoli
(1856), y KOMe nHlIJe H 0 HapOnHHM
neCMaMU, cMaTpajyhH na cy BehHHOM
HOBe H JU\ Bpno MaJIO nOTH'IY on CTa
pHX Tpa}{HI{Hja; BeliHHOM cy Jby6aBHe.

p.n.

PYBAPAU, HJlSPHOH (1832-1905),

HCTopH'mp, apxHMaHnpH'I' MaHaCTHpa
fprcTera y tPPyulI<.oj rapH, OCHMBa'I
KpHTHllKC lUKOJIe y cp:nCKOj HCTOPH
orpa<pH.iH. MSY'IaBaJIa1\ enCKe HapOnHe
rroesHje, OCOOHTO ca HCTOPHjCKOM 'Te
MaTHKOM CTapHjHx H cpeJJ;lbRX BpeMe
Ha, o1\apy .!l:yllIaHY, KpaJheBHliy Map
Ky, KHesy JIa3apy, MycHhy CTeBaHY, .
KY3YH-JalbH, CTapHHH HOBaKY H ,np.
p.n.
fn. nena: npeZiled OOManux u3aopa
ciiiape cpiiCKe fioaeCitulle, 0 uenKUM
11aiiiplljapcuMa, JIae. cillyoeHillcKe
POCAcJ)A. Ha3HB rpa;qa CKanpa y
pacl1paae (1884) H panOBH y'IaCOrrHCH
an6aHcKoj Hapo;qHoj noesHjH H npe
Ma: "Cei\MH1\a (1856, 1857), "fJIaCHlfK
nalbY, KOjH ce no,nH)Ke y~H~HBalbeM
Cpnc~or Y'IeHor .rIpYllJTBa (47, 49),
Jhy;qcKe )KpTBe (3HAal!>e CKanpa)
CTpa)J{HnoBo (1892) )~fQnlflP.lbHl\a
MMe ;q06HO rio 6paTY rpa,nHTeJhY H
HHKOJIe tIyrrHha XX, JIeTpnHc Ma
YSHJJ;aHoj ceCTpH.
.
r. II .' . TH1\e CPflcKe, ~f!>' 210 H .rip. Ka? ~ac. TynHHK MHTOnOlllKe IIlKone y H3yqa
ROSLIN IN YRJANKo. HaCJlOB 3a . . BalbY HapOnHHX em;KRX IIecaMa, CMa
He~onHKD' CJIoileila:tlKHX 6aJIa)w o 'Tpa 1I1;t 'BcIlItHa rrecaMa npe.l\CTaBJha
CTapy jyml'IKY CK3CKy', npeHeTY H Be.Majl.\H KPBHHQH KOja', 'lWJeftH ce oOJIe
3aHY 3a KacHHje HCTopHjcKe JIH'lHO~fH.
CHa, lUaJhe CHHa BpjaHia Ha neKOBHTY
p.n.
Bony, me ra y 3ace,nH 'IeKa POllJJIHH,
Maj'IHH Jhy6aBHHK H MY)K, YOH1\a

PYfAJ)Hll,A, B. noopy'la'lut!a.

lberOBor 01\a. YOHBlIJH POIlIJlHHa, Bp-

221

PYJKMUA. CTajahe HMe Y HapollHoj

noe3HjH 3a ~pKBy; nOHeKan H neao
ja'lKO HMe, nHTOMa Py;K~a, OC06H

TO 3a nOKpmTCHY, yrpa6JbeHY TypKH

Iby.
I',n.

G
CABA. PeKa Koja ce 'leCTO nOMHlbe Y
HapollHoj noe3HjH, OC06HTO l1HPCKOj,
TaKO ce Kao H Y llpyrnM CJ10BeHCKHM
HapollHHM neCMaMa n03HaTH MOTHB 0
)KeHHIl6H peKe Be3yje 3a CaBY, HeBeCTY
,!J;YHaBa; ~leCTO ce neBa KaKO no Iboj
nJIOBH majKa nyHa lleBojaKa, HJlH 0
YTOnJbeHoj lleBojllH Koja llparOM
nopy~lyje lla He KOCH "TPaBe YKpaj
CaBe, jep cy TO lbeHe Koce, a BOlle
peKe H>eHe O'lH. II Y JIHpCKHM H Y
enCKHM neCMaMa OBa ce peKa 'teCTO
Be3yje 3a Eeorpan: y enCKHM je BHme
peaJIHCTH'lKH oneBaHa, Kao BeJIHKa
BO)'.la KOjy Tpe6a npe6pollHTH, 'teCTO
Kao Mel)y.
I',n,

CABA HEMAlhHIi, CBETUCABA

,'.

""

222

CKa H BepCKa YJIora n06Hja HenocpenaH

OAiCK y ItPKBCHOj H CBeToBHoj KIbH

}!{eBHOCTH (CJ1Y)K6e, .IJ:oMeHTHjaHoBa H

TeollocHjeBa 6Horpaq>Hja, KaHOHH,

1l0XBaJIe, pOnOCJIOBH, JIeTOnHCH), na 6H

y YCMeHoj KH>H)KeBHOcTH 6HJla non

BHIDeCTpYKHM MOTHBCKHM YTHI~ajHMa:

CTap03aBCTHHM H HOB03aBeTHHM, ano

KPHCPHHM H xarHorpacpCKHM, 6HO

rpacpCKHM H HCTOPHjCKHM, H Haj3all

'CPOJIKJlOPHo-MHTOJIOmKHM, OBH noc

JIenH>H IlpeHOCe CaBH Kao BPXOBHOM
CBellY OCo6HHe BpXOBHor 60)KaHCTBa
CTape pCJlHrnje, I:lcpeKTHBHOCT, 6O:>KaH
CKH meB H 3aBHCT, najy My yJIory
BY'ljer llaCTHpa, 'lyBapa CTana, nOBe3yjyhH ce C MHOro CHa)KHHjHM TOKOM,

H3a3BaHHM xpHIuhaHCKOM nHcaHOM

KH,lDKeBHomhy. llo npaBJ:my ce 06JIHKyjy Kao np03Ha TpanHItHja, BepoBaaa,

eTHOJlOUlKa, MHTOJIOmKa HJIH Kyn

TYPHOHCTopHjcKa npenaIba, Y pa3BH
jeHHjeM 06JIHKY npepaCTajy y JIereHllY
H JlereHnapHY npH~Iy, cnajajy naraHCKO

H xpHmhaHcKo, MHTOJIOrnjy H HCTOPH

jy_ llpenCTaBe 0 CB. CaBH, jom 0)'.1

.IJ:oMeHTHjaHa, Kim 0 60roHocHoM Ha

~aBHHKy CBe cpnCKe 3eMJbe H nOMOp
CKe, pa3BHjajy 60rary TeMaTHKY y
OKBHPY cTpyKType JIereHnapHe npffie:
CB. CaBa Y'IH }!{eH'y na TKa, ceJbaKa lla
ope, lla ,CHPH MJleKO, 'noKa3yje' Be
lUTHHe 3aHaT~Ke, HCKymaBa JbyncKo
MHJlocpl)e H I:OCTOnpHMCTBO (B. Ta8an
6ozaiIll!), Harpal)yje' H K8)KH>aBa, ro
'cnonapH Hall BOllaMa H JIenOM, Be3y
jyhH ce 3a ~aJIe~llapCKH nap~eJIH~aM

(OKO 1174-1235), CBeTOBHO HMe PacTKO, MOHamKO CaBa. HajMJIa1)H CHH

CTeq,aHa HeMaH>e, OTHIlIao H3 Cp6Hje
OKO 1192. Y CBeTY ropy_ 'Ca Oll.eM
nOllHrao MaHacmp XHJIaHjlap. llpBH
cpncKH apxHellHcKon, OIlJIH'laH'llHfiJIOMaTa, nOJIHTH'lap H nHcall.. llocpellOBao y nOMHpelbY 6pahe CTecpaHa H
BYKaHa y 6op6H 3a npeCTo no O'leBoj
CMPTH, CnpetIHO yrapcKH Hanan Ha
Cp6Hjy, YcnpoTHBHo ce'.CTecpaHoBoM
npHMaH>Y KpyHe Oil nane 1217, H IDnejCTBOBao KOIl HHKejcKor, naTpHjapxa
CaMOCTaJIHOCT cpncKe QpKBe H nporJIa
melbe cpnCKe apxHenHcKollHje, 1219.
YMpO npH nOBpaT~y y Cp6Hjy H3 JepyCaJIHMa, y TpaoBY.: llpeHeceH nOCJIe
)'.IBe ron~e y MaHaCTHp MHJlemeBY H
npornameH 3a cBe~a. TYPll.H CnaJIHJlH ," (27.1). " ' .
.
'lberoBe MomTll Ha Bpa'lapy y Eeo-'
'y OCHOHHO!>1 xpHmhaH'cKo-HcToPHj",
rpallY 1594.
.
CKOM TOKy. Kyl1T ce y YCM'eHoj KH,H- '
KyJIT CBeTor CaBe jaBJba ce ollMax no
}!{eBHOCTH pa3BHja y 06JIHKY npelberoBoj CMpTH H npeHoca MomTHjy,
BaCXOnHO enCKe neCMe Koja Bpmmy
H)eroBa 'CTBapHa, )KHBOTHa, HCTOPHjHall.HOHaJIHOr CBell.a, npeTBopeHY y

223

11

~l

I,

I
!I

",
:1

,,'t

i.i

......,.......-

l'1

Ha Ma1CeOOHC1CU HapooHu Y.M.oiiieop6u.

CAMOIUIJICKE nECME. MaKe
I:bHXOBO cnan.HBaH,e Ha Bpa'Iapy 1594,
Moh, H3rpa~yje Y jYHaqKH nO~BHr. Y
L\OHCKC HapO]lHe lIeCMe Koje oneBajy
HCTOPHjCKOj aTMOCcpepH qy~OTBOPCT
nOTBp!)yjc CBOjHM oniell;HMa Y YCMeHoj
1974). npHpe~Ho H3a6paHa oeJla
BO TaKO ~ooHja CBa OOene)!{ja HaT
H rlHcaHoj Tpa~HU;Hjlf jaqHHY KYJlTa.
CYCPCT JI,YAH C AoopoHaMepHHM HJJH
KY3MaHa illallKapeBa, I-V, CKOlln.e
3J10H<lMepHHM HaTnpHpOAI-IHM CHJlaMa
'10Be'1aHCKOr, aJIB B xepojcKO-Hal.\HO
(,Uy6POl.lU'IKH neCHHK AHTYH CacHH.
1976; 360pltUK jYJlCItOMl.lKeOOHCKuX
6eJle)!{H }{a je 7000 TypaKa OHJlO rpo
HaJlHOr nO)l,BHra.
(BJilJlaMa H 3MajcBMMa - npeMa nO)l,eJlH
H.apOOHUx upuuo6eoaKa CTecpaHa
Y CMeHa enCKa CaBHHa OHorpacpHja
MOM rrOpa)!{eHO no cnan.HBalbY; f lH
opahe MHJla)l,MHOBalla), lbHXOBe n.yBepKoBHha, I-II. Jc~aH je OA npHpei)H
JlHI1 BHI.IIl:bHh Hella 0 MO)l,POM I1JJaMeHY
caCTaBn.eHa je O~ noje~HHHX ~IJJaHOBa
6aBHe 3roAe, MerAaHe, TaKMHqelba.
Ba'la Ca6paHux oeJla MapKa UcrreHKo
KOMTI03Hl\HOHe cxeMe )!{HTHja, )l,HpeKT
KojH nonaJlH 110 Bojcn;H qa)l,ope).
Mory OHTH JlHPCKC, aJlH H errCKe
Ba, I-X, 1972, 21980. OojaBHo BJilWe
npo)!{HMHl:be MOTHBa YCMeHe II IIHcaHe
HO HJIH HH)l,HpeKTHO npeY3eTHX npeKO
6aJla~e.
aHToJlornja MaKeAOHCKHX Hapo;QHHx
n;pKBeHHX H3Bopa, aKTyaJlH30BaHHX
KI:bH)!{eSHOCTH je]lHa je O)l, rJlaBHHX
H, M.-'S.
rrecaMa H npHlIOBe)l,aKa. [oAHHe 1979.
KapaKTcpHCTHKa )l,eJla 0 CB. CaBH.

HCTOPHjCKHM nO)l,an;HMa, npolllHpeHHX

npeBeAeHa jc Ha rp~IKH je3HK l:bemBa
CAPAJE80. tIeCTo ce jaBn.a y mq)
H CPOJlKJJOpH30BaHHX MOTHBCKHM cxe
l:.IHCTO CPOJlKJlOpHa BH3Hja 0 CaBH Kao

aHTOJlorHja HapooHe ueCMe U3 jyzo

CKHM, Haj'lewhe J1>yoaBHHM HapOAHHM
MaMa YCMeHe KlbH)!{eBHOCTH. TaKBe cy
llY'ljeM IIHCTHPy nojaBn.yje ce y XIIl B.

CJlOeeH.C1Ce MaKeOOH.uje, a 1981. Ha cpn

lIeCMaM<l CnOApY'lja EOCHe H XeplIero
neCMe 0 )!{eHH)l,OH CE. CaBe H oeKCTBY Y
Y KaHoHY 3ajc]lHH'IKOM CHMeoHY H

cKoxpBaTcKH 30HpKa MaKeooHCKa

EHHe, KHO rpan ca H3Y3CTHO JleIIHM
MaHaCTHp (B. 3JlaUiHa ceupaJla) H 0
CHBH, TeO]lOcHja XHJlaH~aplla (Cp6
HapooHa JlUpuKa.
)l,eBojKaMa H MOMI\MMa. Ra3HB CapajKa
'fY)l,eCHMa 3a )!{HBOTa H nOCJJe CMpTH,
JbaK I), sC3yjyhH ce H 3a xpHmhaHcKY

H, M,-'S.
'teCTO 311Melbyje )l,eBoja'lKo HMe; y3
Koje HacTajyhH HaKHa)l,HO, )l,OoHjajy
H~ejy 0 C'ra~y:

MymKo MMe, Ha3HB CapajJlHja ce oceha

nope~ BepcKo-Han;HOHaJIHOr H aHTH

CAMAPJ,IMn P A,[tOBAH. (1922

lloupll fiuciftupy /I /loljo,

Kao HeKH npcTa rrpe3HMcHa.

TypCKO ooeJle)!{je jYHa'IKe noe3Hje

1994), HCTopH~lap, HCTOpHqap KlbH

Cww, O'le Ill/III,

p.rr.
(BYK III/ll, 13, 14: Uap CYJleMaH H
)!{eBHOCTII, KlbH)!{eBHHK, rrpocpecop
HeJltoj iiYc/UlIlUII alll/UllaC
CaBO naTPHjap; CaBO H TYPCKH n;ap;
HUlJtl.llC flY/III,
CBATOUCKE nECME. 06HqajHe
f lHJJ030cpcKor cpaKYJITcTa y EcorpaAY,
CB. CaBO H XacaH-nama).
/UlTto clTt",)ulle llIlUC()e.
JlHpCKe HapOAHe neCMe, Kao BpCTa
pe)l,OBHH 'maH CARY. EaBMo ce ap
HcnYlbClbe HeH3BpmHBHX 3a)l,aTaKa,

BeOMa C'rape. HajpaHHjH nOMeH KO):\

XHBCKOM rpa!)oM, HCTpa)!{HBao ,Uy6po
no cncKoj cxeMH TaKMHqelb;i, OB)l,e

'Y JlHpCKliM IlCCMaMa H OaJla)l,aMa 0

Hac HaJl<l3Ji1MO KO)l, illHoeH'laHHHa
BaqKH apxHB (AoKTopcKa ~HCepTaQHja:
'fy)l,OTBOpHHM MolilfMa (ca CTap03aBCT
1l0ACJlH IlJI!lCTH Meljy CBClIHMa, CaBa
Jypja illH)!{ropHha (1487). H ~aIiac
/!yopOea'l1CU ueCHU1C u i)uUJloMaUia Ja
. HHM MOTIIBIIMa: na)l,albCM BaTpe H3
AooHja Moh 3aJleljHBal:ba KOjy My
>RHBe Ha. QeJlOM cpncKoxpBaTcKoM
KeUia fla/I.M.oUiuh). BpcTaH rr03HaBa
Heoeca, nOTHn;albeM BO)l,e 113 )CaMCHa,
IIPHII'I'ICyjc jom ,UOMeHTHjaH, aJlH 3ay
je3H' IKoM rronpY'ljy, TaKoi)'c y Ma
npecymllBalbeM H3Bopa, nOHrpaBalbeM
Jlan; cppaHn;ycKc H HeMa'fKe IICTopHjCKe
'3HMa H OHO MeCTO Koje MY npHrra)l,a no
KenoHHjH H CJloBeHHjH. CnaAajy Meljy
H YCTaBn.albeM Ha IICTOKY CYHlIa,
HaYKC. nOceOHO npoy'laBao OaJIKaH
xpHwhaHCKOM KaJle~apy, Ka)l, 3aHCTa
HajJlenHlc JIHpCKe HapO)l,He rrecMe. Y
,. nOMepalbeM op~a H TIJlaHHHa) - npe~
CKY HCTOPHjy O;Q XVII-XVIII BeKa y
BJla)l,a BCJlHKH XJlaAHolia.
I:bHMa
lIpeOBJJa!)yje CBe'faHO pacno
CTaBn.a TCCT npaBoBepHoCTH H Bpmme,
OKBHpHMa BeJlHKHX HM!lepHja. 3a
H. M,-'S,
.llO)!{elbc KOjc ce orJleAa y pacKomHoj
qY)l,OTBOpCTBa II. nO)l,BHra KOjf1 ce

qeTHHK cBojcBpcHe' HCTOpHjcKe mKOJle

CBeTJlOCTJiI MJlanOCTH, J1cnOTe H 60raT
3aBpmaBa KOJlf1KO CaBIIHoM, TOJlf1KO II

Koja, oCJlalbajyhH ce Ha apxHBcKY

1. Yn. OCJlCIIIKC C'I'pallIlX nyrHIlKa y nOCCTII
CTBa, :rof.l.je paAoCTaH a lIMa H cere y
aHTHT)'pcKoM, Hall;HOHaJlHOM rrooe~oM.
rpaljy,
nHcMa,
rryTOrrHcc,
MaHaCTHpCKe
MIIJ1CIIIClllt Kojc IlllKa3yjy Ila TYPll1I nonl1-yjy
.0neBalbY ~eBoja'IKor pacTaHKa OA
qY)l,OTBOpCTBa BacKpCJJor CBella Y
KaJlyl)Cpc (Jcan Chcnau 1547). "J111 lIajy
xpoHHKe H 'HCTopHjcKe '1HlbeHHl:(C,
~qMa .. BeCeJlOCT je H3pa)!{eHHja y
O)l,OPaHII MaHaCTllpa O)l, TypcKe BOjCKe
tlCJllIKC "pll.flOrC II noKJ10HC MaHacTllpy
HCToBpeMcHo
BO)l,H pa'ryHa 0 YCMe~oj,
CJ}OBcHa'IKHM lIeCMaMa, ;QOK y MaKeII rramllHor CKpHaBn.ciba (Torrn.clbe
KaTp1I1I 3cllo 1550: ECtlCllCTO PaMOCp'I'H 1534,
TPa)l,Hn;HjH,
HOBH~
.qHTalbeM
O:KPHAOHCKHM
lIpeoBJIai)yje Tyra. Pe)l,OCJle;Q
3aMaxHYTe caOn.e, 1130lfjalbe MO)l,pOr
ca CTHXoJlIIMa "Xapa'!' Ilallla nO'le IlaMT'
Ba BHmy HCTOPHJCKY HCTHay. OOJaBHo
IIeBal:ba lIeCaMa. KQjH ce qYBa jom Y
IIPKtlll.llTjl.
I1JJaMeHa, cry)l,eHOr BeTpa, OCJJcrrJJ.elbe
HeK~M IIoAPy~ljHMa, YKa3yje Ha CTapH-
..: npe):.(roBop )l,eJlY MaBp~ OpoiIHa
npoTHBHflKaj, Y rreCMII. CB. Ca~o II
Kpa.tbeecili60 CJlOeeHa 'no~ HaCJJOBOM
My H HeK~allllbH OOpe):lHH KapaKTCp
XacaH-rraina 3aBpmaBajy cc Kao If Y
CA3,[tOB,. TOMe (po!)eH 1934), rrpo
OBHX lIeCHMa. Rajtlewhe cy y OCMepQJ',
Kpan.CBCTBO CJIoB~Ha y pa3BJilTKy
cpecop 3a Hapo):\Hy KlbH)!{eBHOCT fla
npeTXO)l,HHM neCMaMa, HC CaMO MOpaJl
!=pnCKe .HCTOpHorpacpHjc (l?eorpa~,
AeceTepQY H TpHHaeCTepQY.
.:
HOM rrOOe)l,OM. B~li If HarJ:jamaBalbt:M.
CKorrCKOM f lHJJOJlOWKOM cpaKyJlTe'l.)!. .
CK3, 1968; CTp. XIX--CXXXV1); rroY CpeMy,. EanaTY, E'a'IKoj H ceBepHOj
np~oopahfilba TypaKa npOTHBHHKa y
lliY'laBa MaKc)l,OHcKY Hapo~HY KlbH
rOBop, ~anOMeHe H OeJlelliKe. McUio. Cp6HjH !le.Ba ce F6!lUlOeal{, CBaTOBCKa
.nOKJJOHHK~ CaBI;IHor !'YJlTa' II ~apo
:lKeBH?CT. 9'HxoBaHY H np03ay: MaKe
)l,aBI{~ MaHaCTHpa. MCTOPlfjCKII nOT" PUjCKUM ,.cu~cUMa .BYKa Kapal.mha H' . .-HapoAHa rr.cGlyfa: ~oj!l ce oJlJlf1Kyje, rro
oOH.cKaiiia '/tapooHa uoe3uja" 1966,
/!aHwiu (Ca6paHa ):lena BYKa KapaJ.m-. Ce6HOM MeJJOAHJOM.,
,.BpljeHa CTBapHa rrOnHTH'fKa orracHOcr
21976; flpezneo Ha MaKeOOH.CKaUiu
ha, Klb. 15, -I-II H Klb. 8); KlbHre: YCMe
3a aYTopHTCT TypCKC BJlaCTII, 300r
P.Il.
HapOOHa 'iipo3a, 1970, 21981; Cmyouu
KYJITa ClI. CaBe pa3BHjcHor Y lbHXOBIIM
3U '4aKe()oHcKaiiia HapOOHa K1bUJICee . H.a HapOOH.a xpoHuKa, HOBH CaA, MC,
pe)l,OBHMa, jC)l,Ha jc O)l, peaJIHHX OCHOBa
Hociii, 1978,21981). EaBHCe 3Ha'IajHHM'
1978; flUC1{U cpucKe ucUiopuje (I, 1976,
CBE1.JAPCKE nECME. BpCTa JlHp
CTBapalba OBaKBHX necaMa.t l:JIIH
CKynn.a'IHM3 H KYJlTypHHM nOCJJeHH
II, 1981, III 1986, IV 1995).
CKHX HapoAHHX necaMaKoje ce neBajy
npeHoca MomTlljy 113 MHJlemcBe M
QHMa (Mllp1CO UefieH1Co6 Kao ca6upa'l
o KPCHOM HMeHY; rrOMHI:bY CBeTHTen.a
H.M.-'S,

224

225

H lberoBY 3aWTHTY J:\oMalufHY. OOH'IHO

cy y BH):ly Ha3ApaBlU~a, Haj'temlie y
'leTHpH ~o..weCT ;QeceTepa'lKHX CTHXo
Ba.

p.n.
CBHJlOJEBlfIi MHXAHJlO (CHJJo
ja~eBHh, CJnmajeBHh, CBH.lIajHH-6aH).
Haw OOJIHK npe3HMeHa 3a yrapcKor
jYHaKa Mihaila Szilagyija, 3anOBe~HH
Ka H opaHHo~a Eeorpa~a o~ TypaKa
1456, wypaKa CH6HlbaHHHa JaHKa,
HaMeCHHKa MaJIOneTHOr yrapcKor Kpa
Jba MaTHje. OneBaH HapO'lHTO y 6y
rapwTHu;aMa (pelje y ~eceTepa'lKoj

enHu:H). nOMHlbe ce y neCMaMa 0 ~PY

rOM KOCOBCKOM 60jy (EOrHWHh. op.

20, 21, 25). Hajn03HaTHja neCMa 00
neBKa 0 CBHJIojeBHhy. CTGjH ynope~o
C Haj'lYBeHHjHM enCKHM jYHa[(HMa,
KpaJbeBHheM MapKoM H ~. (Eorn

wHh, 6p. 46).

p.n.

CEB.IlAJlHHKA (apan. sawda u;pHa

:lKY'l). MYCJIHMaHCKa, rpa~cKa, Hapo~
CKa JbyoaBHa neCMa y EOCHH If
Xepu;eroBHHH. CeTHa, anH HepOTH'lHa.
TeMaTCKH ~e3aHa 3a 3aTBOpeHe npoc
Tope na-r,pHjapxanHe cpe~HHe. Ocelia
lba HCKa3yje' Henocpe~HO. '1eCTO' Kao
nOTpeoy 3a paCTepehelbeM nCHXH'IKe
HaneTOCTH, KaO.HcnOBeCT:
MUJlU 6o:JICe, miiio JlU MU 'ia HeMa.
BO.!lUM 'Iyiiiu U aa MU 60Jlyje
Hei' aa C apy'ioM apal:oM aw.uKyje.

Awilio .'1111 ce

TpllHlIlIIC ~uMa2:lIuo,

ZOpll, 1111171' ill Ky2:U MOpU

"ia OKIMI 3<11ilIlUIlU
'WpllllM mWM ClIllU.IIIIII. fieHl.lepa.
HIllTtIl

NeH(}jKtI

P.II.

CElLAHIlH JYPllmA. EncKH caao

pau; H poljaK CelbaHHHa MBe; n03HaT
OCOOHTO H3 enCKHX neCaMa XVIII B.
(JypHIlia BojBona).

HHKJ1a y Heno:maTHM neCHH'IKHM ~y

IIIaMa Koje OOJIyjy O~ HeCXBaTJbHBOr
OOJIa... , OHa npeHOCOM Ha xpHwhaH
CKO CT8HOBHlllTC A06Hja HCTOPHjCKY
Ay6HHY CYA6HHCKe Tparn'lHOCTH KOjOj
HeMa H3JH13a. y cycpeTHMa nopoo
JbeHHX H 1I0pOOJbHBa'la, y npenpeKaMa
Koje nOCTaBJbajy HecanOMHBH 3aKOHH
OOH'JajHor H Hau,HOHaJIHOr Mopana:

CElLAHIlH TA.IlIIJA. OMHJbeH en

CKH jYHaK H3 rpyne celbCKHX YCKOKa; Y
encKoj noe3HjH caoopau; H cecTpHh
MBe CelbaHHHa. MMe TMHja je '1eCTO y
naJIMaTHHcKoj 3aropH; HCTOPHjCKH je
n03HaTO HeKOJIHKO YCKO'lKHX paTHHKa
C THM HMeHOM. IIo je~Hoj rrpeTIIo- .
CTaBU;H, oBaj OH jYHaK OHO enCKO
cnOMHlbalbe
HCTopHjcKor TaP;Hje
BY'IKoBHha, PO)lOM EocaHu;a (OKO
1690), cepp;apa y CHlbY, Ha peQH
UeTHHH, xpaopor aHTHTypCKor 6oPQa.
Y Hapo~Hoj Tpa;QH[(HjH Morao ce CHlb
3aMelbHBaTH n03HaTHM YCKO'IKHM
rpMOM CelboM.

K,l>lfZY IIwue iiaH/a AlIll-fiaw.a:

Jlujefitl MlIj>O, 6fl 1111 iilJlulIU ~a Me?
0.1 ,lie iil'OCllHf III! V/IX ilow..nu ~a iiie!
0.1 c' OJ/fell/UII V/IX CI! OIupo6ulla...
H.M.-p.

CE.IlEH'fiAPCKE nECME. IIecMe

Koje ce IIcBajy no HCTO~IHOj CPOHjH, Y

OKOJIHHH nHpma H 3ajeQapa 0 ce;QeH
liaMa (CC1\ClbKaMa). nOceJIHMa, WTO ce
Onp))(aBajy CBe ;QO HaWHX naHa no nJIa
HHHCKHM cenHMa, y3 BaTpt\, 3a BpeMe
BenpHX HoliH, Haj~lewhe y3 KaKaB
))(eHCKH lIocao. 0 ceneHliaMa neBajy ce .
HajBHwe Jby6aBHe JIHpCKe HapOnHe
neCMe, anH H ljypljeBnaHCKe H oa.iJa~e.
OOH'IHO ce nO'IHlbC:
36Hpaj'fC ce, npywhe, Ha ceneHhy...,
a 3aTHM ce n03HBa nparn ;Qa'H OH ~91je
aa jacHY cencHhy.
'
.

gUM je Xaiiia Ma'iJlOj fipUMaMUJla,

O:JICe1beHO U HeO:JICelbeHO?
O:JICelbeHO :JICeHe OCilia6UJ10,

HeJICelUHO uaMeiU uaiyoU/lo!

Celba, TparH'IHO nory6JbeH 1612.

. Pe.TI.'O ~;mHcyje ~eBoja'lJ5:Y !len0TY,

:MHoro imwe lbeHe }'HjTaplbe oA,jeKe 'y
:':JbmHMa H.lIH CnOJbHe, r~<?BO pa3~pa-.
jyhe e~eKTe Ha cps::~~. y. KOjOj.. ce.
Kpehe:
..
..

226

0):1

P.ll.

CKACKA. Y cpncKoj HaY[(H 0 Hapo;Q

HOj KlbH))(CBHOCTH y06wJajeH TepMHH
3a eTHonOIliKa H CCXaTOJIOWKa rrpep;a

CIIBIIlLAHHH JAHKO; B. XY1bllOU,

J-aHOlU

CeKYJla.

CElLAHIIH IIBO. CJIaBHH YCKO'IKH

Kane'raH. BeOMa nonynapHa nH'IHOCT
6pojHHX. cnCKHX ncc.aMa 0 paTHH'lJKHM
1}0~BH3HM<l ppOTHB Typa~a. IIeq>fe ra
Ha3Hsajy. H CeHKoimb (SYK III/56-).
Meljy HajJIeriWe. ce yqpajajy neCMa .0
nBOoojy ca' AroM on PHoIiHKa. H '0
CMpTH MBoBoj (BYK III). HajBepo'- .
BaTHHje ~a je TO HCTopHjcKa JIH'IHOCT
MBaH BJ1aTKOBHh, Bolja YCKoKa H3

CKA.IlAP. EncKH OMHJbeH nOKanH

'reT, rpa]~ Ha IiojaHH 6pahe MPIMB
tleBHha, 'IHje ce nop;H3albe P;OBO)lH y
Be3Y ca HHTepHa[(HoHaJIHHM MOTHBOM
o Y3HljHBlIlbY JbYllCKe :lKpTBe H eTHO
J10WKHM npe;QalbCM Y JIeKOBHToj BO~
(BYK 11125). 00 Tpap;H[(HjH rrpeCTOHH
I\a KpaJbl BYKaIlIHHa.

p.n.

CEKYJlA BAHOBlfIi, B. SOl-waul;.'

)/(U60j MU ce cptje UCUYljUJ!O.

)/(U60M CaM iiie :JICeJ!>OM fio:JICe/beJllJ.

p.n

p.n.

p.n.

qewlie H'3pIDKaBa He3aCHTOCT H 6e3H3JIa3HOCT .lliy6aBHe :lKy~e:

CIITHIIUA. PCKa Ha KOCOBY; Y en

CKHM neCMaMa ce HaBOAH KaO nOKa
JUlTeT OKO Kojer ce CKynJba BojcKa
npe;Q 6op6y; OCHM y neCMaMa 0
KOCOBCKOM Gojy. HaJIa3H ce KojH nyT
Kao enCKH yonWTeH Ha3HB peKe Ha
6ojHOM nOJby.

CTpaHe ayCTpHjcKHx BnaCTH y Kap

nOBl(y. MMe MBO BeOMa je 'teCTO Meljy
YCKO[(HMa.

1IJ111 ZOPll, 1/11' ill KYZlI MOpU?

'1

.J

j'

JfaaH...

CIIJbAH mTPK. YCMeHa npH'Ia 0

HenOCJIYIIIHoM, HepMHoM H 3aTO yKJIe
TOM CHHY je)lHHU;Y KOjH Onna3H O~
Kyhe. IIOCJIe 6PO)lOJIOMa, y )laneKoj
3eMJbH cpehe TaKolje .YKJIeTe Jbyne
n03HaTe po~e C KpoBoBa lberoBor,
Ma.Ke~oHCKor cena. C TeJIOM polie, a
;QYWOM '10BeKa H CaM rrpeOHBa rrpBe
rO~HHe Ha KpoBy CBoje Kyhe, y nyHOj
HeMoliH ~a ;Qocerne no 'lJIaHOBa cBoje
riOPO~HI~. IIoMohy tiap06He Bop;e ca
cne~eliOM . ceOOOM po~a - nocTaje
'lOBeje, ca~a p;opap CHH, MY:lK H 01-au;. C
MHoro HaHoca n3 xpHIl,IhaHCKOr if
.06}{'1ajHQf KOneKca, C KOHTaMHH~U;Hja
.Ma H' rrpeIIJIHTllibeM <ilaH').'ac:tH'IHOr H
peanHor (MaKeAO~CK-O CeJIO, )KHpbT Y
KyliH, nOJbY, noponH[(H)~ OBa npHIIO:
BeTKa BepOBaTHO je HHp;HBH~yanHo
~eJIO caMOr rrpHnOBe;Qa'la - ou;a MapK<l
U;eneHKOBa.
H.M.-p.

:q

'i
t
:: ~
1

lbll (B.).
H.M.--:&'

CKPIIBAJlIIUA. BpcTa 3arOHeTKe

Koja 06JIHKyjyhH oAroHeTJbaj, Y OKBH
py cacBJ:lM )lpyre MHcaOHe KaTerOpHje
o~ OHe y KOjoj ce 3aroHeTJbaj Kpehe,
npeP;CTaBJba Haj'lenihe roBOPHY H H~ej
Hy CMHu;anHU;y (KOjH je' 'JaM HH3aK Kao
TpaBa - je'laM).
H.M.-"&.

CJlAHKAMEH: Y encKoj HapO.t\Hoj

TpaP;HU;HjH Be3yjc ce 3a EpaHKOBHhe,
"Byplja H 3Maja OrlbeHOr BYKa. Hapo
)lHa neCMa naMTH TernKe oopoe CTyp- .
[(HMa H pa3apalba npH oCBajalbY rpa;Qa

(1521).
..
B. MapzlIulfJ ojeBojKa u PajKo BojBo!'>a.
.

P.n.

.CJlEnAqKA nECMA, s. KlI.a"1t>a

.IIll1la.

'11' .

.]:
CJlEnllllA 113.I'PFYPEBA.UA ;
neBatlHu;a cnCKHX necaMa, Hen03HaTor
HMeHa. BYK jc )~Owao C lbOM Y P;O)lnp
npeKo JlYKujaHa MywH:Q;Kor. IIeBana
je yrnaBHoM neCMe cTapHje TeMaTHKe,

j.
!

227
tl~

o KOCOBCKOM 60jy H KpalbeBHny

MapKY; no JIenOTH ce HCTH'ly KOCOB
Ka AieBojKa H MapKO KpalbesHn
YK~a csaA6apHHy (BYK, II).

p.n.

11J111 ey Oil/I lijeJIII .IIl16y,)oau

11.1111 ''Y tllI.IIe 'Ill tlJllIH,)umAy oalje?l
6) MII.IIII 60.'Ke, '/y')lI HeJlIlKoia!

11111/ ZPMII, tW' 't! 3t!.M.Iba iiipece

11.11' y()lIplI Mope y fipeZOfle?2

CJIHJEII'IEBIfB., nepo (1888-1964),

II) flOHllJlll ce 3.11Um}fl/ JlCUljU U3 Beapa 1le6a
~FDKeSHH HCTOpH'lap. TeOpeTH'lap H
CaHUJlII ce Mll.llOM KYMY Y CaU.II'Ha
jaBHH paAHHK; npocpecop repMaHHc
'heapU}
THKe Ha <PHJI030CPCKOM cpaKYJITeTY y
CKOTIJbY (1928-1941) H Y EeorpaAY
3UKYKIllIe ')0 iiipll KYKuBUlje
CiiiupOMe B.IIlIxy CYH'lUHoMe. 4
(1945-1959). TIpoY'lasao H npaTHO
caBpeMeHo KlbFDKeSHO CTsapalbe y
Y ;/IpyroM ;/IeJlY CJlOSeHCKe aHTHTe3e,
Cp6HjH, XpsaTCKoj H EOCHH H XepI:(e
3a pe;/lOM ce rn npe;/lMern nOpe~eIba
rOSHHH, Kao H HapOnHY KlbFDKeSHOCT
HCKlbY'lyjy, aJlH ce CaMHM nOHaBlba
ca HCTopHjcKor CTaHOBHmTa: AHei'
IbeM nOTCHI:(Hpajy lbHXOBe 3aje;/lHH'lKe
ooiUa Kao YMjeUiHUilKO ojellO, 1929;
OC06HHe, C 'lHlbeHHUOM HJIH JlHKOM Ha
I/pUl103U HapooHoj MeUipUl,u, 1930,
Koje ce na:lKlbCl npH3HSa. a~JlaraIbeM
TYJIC6aJ1ul,e (Jy:lKHH nperJIeA, CKO
lbHXOSOr OTKpHSalba paCTe H Hane
nlbe, V/1930). Kao KOMnapaTHcTa,
TOCT H HlIl'leKHaaIbe:
H3y'laSaO o):(jeKe Hame HapOnHe ~H
:lKeBHOCTH KOn HeMaI:(a.

p.n
CJIOBA (CJIOBECA). BpCTa Ha
pOnCKHX CJlOSeHa'lKHX TY:lK6aJlHI:(a
(caCTaslbanH HX HFDKH cseIDTeHHI:(H);
BHn HeKpOJIOra y ~THXy (Haj'lemne .
OCMepaI:( C pHMOM) C MHOro yonmTeHe
xpHillnaHcKe nOYKe, Koja ce se3yje 3a
:lKHBOT H AeJIa YMPJlHX.

Hllje OHO iillll(1 ()() .twpa cUlbda,

Hiley Olll! 6je.ll1l JU/uyi}()flU.,
. HlIlT!' cj OliO o~lle Illl ii.IIUHQumAy. 1
HlIlTtu Zp.MIl, lIum' ('e 3eM.1ba ilipeee,

liuili' y()U{Jtl Mope f) fipdoBe.2

To lie 6/1.11t/ 3.11l1iliHq :lIillljU 00 BeOpa He6a. 3

To lie litt.llf! ()() mpu KYKUflUlje. 4

p.n.
;::JIOBEHCKA AHTIITE3A. Bpt:T~

HeraTllllHOr napaJleJlH3Ma..l.J:eCTa yaon

Ha cpoPMYJIa Hame HapOAHe. nO~3Hje.

Kao S~ YCMeHQ-KIPFDKeSHor nocryn-

Ka MO:lKe HMarn 3Haqaja 3a CTpyKTYPY

H pa3SHTaK CFDKea I:(eJle neCMe. Ha3Ba

Ha CJIOSt:HCKOM, 'HanalH ce Ii y noe

. 3HjH ;/Ipyrnx HapOna. CaCTojH ce H3 TpH
neJla.
Y npBoM neJly, y ynHTHOM HJlH y
06aSeIDTajHoM 66J1HKY, H3HOCH ce H~
~o 36HBalbe H{lH CJllf!{a, 'lHjH eJIeMeHT~
npeACTa~ajy npe,llMeTe nope~elba; no. '

CJlH'llmCTH .ooje, '3BYKa\ nOKpeTa,.M~:'

ryhHOCTH cs6~elba Ha 3aje,llHH'lKH CHM~

60JI, cajom Hen03HaTOM QHlbeHHI:(oM

HJIH JIHKOM Ha Koje ce npH3HBa na:lKlba:

a) IlIilia ee 6je.llu Kpaj eUlbeza Mopa

Mllu je UUHa 00 Mopa cUlbeia

228

. Y TpenCM ;/IeJlY ce Hen03HaTe 'lHlbe

HHI:(e HJlH JlHKOSH KOHa'lHO oTKpHBajy:
BeA je OHO pc/H,ell ()ofiUI? jYHaK

HUII,eMY ce 6je.ll1l K()/IIY.lbUlja,

Kllwu fiepe a CYllulIlI(e cYlUu.l

BeA -()ttje.lle 6.11uio cfleiiillilieJbu,2

BeA ilio

.IIeiiu pYJICu oa-i'Jo6pa pooa,3 .

BeA l1iu fill.lle i}f) iilP11 CirWp06.llaUlQIIKe,4

'

EHno ;/Ia je y BHAY' ;/IHjanora HJIH y

.06JlHKY Hal'aQHje, ,cnOBeHC1ca aHTHTe3a
Tpe6a)la npHSY<le 'na:lKlbY CJlyWan!lI:(a
Ha 'fOK 36HBalba, Te ce Y3SH'lHH, ySO,ll
HH CTepeOTHnHH CTHXOSH, Kao mTO je
Emi<:e MHJlH, 'Iy~a SeJlHKOra - qeCTO
ynOTpe6Jhasajy.
TIope~ yaO,llHor, MO:lKe 3ay3.HMarn' H
I:(eHTpaJlHO MeCTo, Kao HIIp. y neCMH

)KeHH):t6a MHnHha 6apjaKTapa (BYK

IIII78), Y KOjOj ce nOeTCKa CTpYKTypa
CJlOSeHCKe aHTHTe3e CPYHKI:(HOHaJlHO
nonpe~yje eCTeTCKHM 3aXTeBHMa CH
:lKejHor 06J1HKOBalba.

OJ ')UHOjK(J, '11/ ell mUKO Jluiia,

iil/plt me je llepull.1/f1l pO()UJla?
- Hllje Melle HepUH.1/fll P(}()UJlU
fiypu MIl je .1llfiU.IIllfllla lilMa
HlIJ/t/ t'Y Me iill MOPY Ha.lbU.IIU.
(Hem!!', or, 31l)

1a KaKSU je 100pa Jbeflocaaa!

Kp03 MapaMe 3acujU.llo JlUlje
eBaiiio6UMa O'IU 3acjeHuJle.
Ho zoaopu 100pu bYBezuja:

>>OJ uYIIUlje, oje60ja'lKa MajKO,

rum en je on 3JIaTa caJlI!Ina,

rum ClI je on cpe6pa CKOBana,
rum ClI je on cyHIIa OTella,
llJIlI TIl je nor on cP~ nao?

3aBHCHO 0;/1 MeCTa H speMeHa Kan cy

3!16eJle:lKCHe, OBaKse neCMe Melbajy
'lJIaHOBe nopeljcIba, aJIH ynopHo 3a~p
)K!lsajy npO;/lyKTHBHy TPO~eJIHY CPOPMY
!lHTHTe3C.
Epn.

6p,177

2 BYK
3 BYK 1193
4 BYK IV/1l2

3aii/la/Ca ce i>je60ja'lKa MajKa,

a Kp03 cyae iliyJICHO ioaopU.llO:
MUllu 3eilie, MUJluIi 6apjaKiliape,

H.M.-'S.

llllTil caM je on 3JIaTa canllJIa,

HHTIl caM je on cpe6pa CKOBana,
HIITH caM je on cym(a OTella,
Behe Mll je nor on cpl\a nao'

SLOVENSKE NARODNE PESMI.

360PHHK CJlOBCHa'lKHX HapO~HHX

necaMa KOjH H3Aaje CJlOSeHCKa MaTH

U!I y JbYOJl,aHJ:!, H3.nHcaHHX H pyKO~C

IIpenMeT nope~elba, nesoja'lKa Jleno

HHX H3S0pa (Oil 1895-1923, I-IV), nOA

Ta, Osne je n03HaT, anH ce TeK aHTH

. ype'nHHIIITBOM Kapena IIlTpexelba,

Te30M OHa OTKpHsa Kao. rOTOBO HaT

KaCHHje J. rlloHapa. asa 06HMHa KpH

npHpO;/l~a nojaBa. TIpeTnoCTaSKe 0

TH'IKa 30HpKa 06yxsaTWJa je .CHcre

IbeHOM 'lYAeCHOM' nopeKJIY, a 3aTHM

MaTCKOM KJlacHcpHKaI:(HjoM cae Ba:lKHH

lbHXOSO HerHp<i.Jbe. He caMO ,lla non

je THnOBe necaMa H lbHxoae BapHjaHTe
SJlaqe 3acelbyjyhy HeOOH'lHOCT, Ben

(].1eJlOM H MeJlo,llHje). HCI:(pnHH Hay'lliH

YHoce HeMHp, ocenaj HecnoKojHor

KOMeHT!lpH H l'pHTH'lKe HanOMeHe

HillqeKHBalba ,lla OHO mTO npeBalH

npaTe cae 06jaBlbeHe TeKCTOBe.

pa3H Mepy os03et.!aJ:bCKOr caeTa, lbeMY

rO~HHe 1970. H3J1a3H npsa KlbHra

He npHnana - Te C lbera HeMHHOBHO

npomHpcHor
H3naIba fiO,ll HaCJIOBOM

Mopa HeCTaTH. 3aapmHe, HCKlbyqHe

Slovellske ljudske pesmi (Pripovedne
peqeHHI:(e Maj'IHHOr OnrOBopa Taj

pesmi. I, ype].1HHI:(H 3Mara KYM~p,

ocehaj cy nojaqane. Aalbe, lbeHO 06pa

MHJIKO MaTH'leTOB, EOPHC Mepxap H
3Jlaralbe he ra nOTSp,llHTH, pa,llIba oc

BaneHc BonymeK), Koja npe;/lCTaB-!ba

TSapHTH:
pe3YJlT!lT caKynJha'IKOr pa,lla O,ll 1906,

J1eaeili CaM ux iliaKRjex w.t.iMa,

aJlH 06yxBaTa II rpaljy KOjy je o6jaB~0

OCaM ux je yOOMlUla MajKa

IIlTpeKeJh. EoraTHJa y 3anHCHMa

HU jeoHe ux Huje uoxoi>UJla

, .MeJlOAHja, OBa KlbHJ;'a je caBpmeHO

jep cy jai>He poi>u ypolUJiuaa

.
onpeMJ:be~o KPHTH'iKO H3,llaS,e, npeMa

Ha uy'iliy !U )'ciii.p~jeJlu ci1jp~e.Jlq.

, . !'Iajca~peMeHlljHM:. 3aXTeBHMa HayK~

.
. . ' Y~IH~eHo.je KpHTH<IKO Spe].1HOBaH>e,
'EMOTHBHa CPYHK.UHOHaJlIlOCT CnoBeH-'
H3Bopa, rAe ro].1 je 'TO 6HJI'0 Moryne, AaT
CKe aHTHTe3e H H.eHa nOnCTHI:(ajila
je H3S0pHH ~.yKonHC HnH 6ap Haj6JiFDKH.
KOMn03HI:(HoHa CHara ,llOJla3H no nyHor
opHrHH!lJly. CBaKoM THny neCMe

H3pa:lKaja y JlHpCKOj noe3HjH r;/le ce

,llOnaTH cy KPHTH'IKH KOMnapaTHBHH

KOMeHTapR C BapHjaHTaMa, He caMO ca

pa3sHjeHHM OMHKOM aHTHTe3e HCKaCJlOaeHa'IKor H jyrOCJlOBeHCKor, Hero H

3yje I:(eJla c~p:lKHHa:

229

ca eBpOnCKOr nOnpY'lja. MCTO je Y'lH

lbeRO H C MeJIOnHjaMa. 36HpKa oGy
XBaTa: JUllGcke ill zgodovillske pesmi,
Bajes!ovlle ill pravljicne pesmi, npemen
napaJIeJIHHX THnOBa Ha cpnCKoxpBaT
CKOM uonpY'Ijy, pemCTap neBa'la H
3anHCHBa'la, TepHTopHjaJIHY pacnpo
crpalbeHocT H np.
H,M,-D,

OJ {)e(j{)jh'o

Cllel)epemw,
OmflOpll Mil CMC!{kpC!flO

ila mil .II,yOIIM .II/Ille oe/to.

C'pelw !Till je I)o//ece IW je(?afl jeaep lWfle

KPflll

Jby6u J/aaapo6a.

OBH CTHXOBH cy HaKHallHO YHCTM Y

necMY, Kao 3aMeHa 3a ABa CTHxa H3
neCMe KOjy je BYK oGjaBHO:

Y HajCTapHjoj AO ca,!{ n03HaToj HaM

oyraplllTHlI,H (0.). 3anHcaHoj 1497,
oneoa ce TaMHOBalbe CHGHlbaHHHa
JaHKa y CMe,ll,epeoy. Y enHll,H ce oneoa
H EaJIHOCr, cMelwpeocKH CaHl,laK-6e Y
XV seKY.

CpeAHUlHIi Aeo lleCMe je 3aBelllTajHa

HCIlOBeCT MHJIOUIa lJ,parHJIOBHfia, Ha
pa3GojHlll'fY CMpTH Koje npeACTaBJba
H3BaHpCnaH CfIOj JIH'lHe H HapoAHe
Hecpene. Bpan!ljyhH MHJIH~H 3HaMelba
HeoCTBapcHe JbyGanH (Golll'laJIYK OA
CEHJle 11 oKHncHH KJIOGYK), MHJIOlll
lllaJbe, H MonGy BepeHH~ na He Gyne
3a60paBJI,eH. OAGpaHa OA 3aGopaoa
TpeGa AU ce oCTBapH npeMa KOneKcy
jYHalllTn<l H 'laCTH:

Haoyllu ce Jy'loBuha MajKa

HaaYllu ce, Cia ce U pucCia()e.

CMAHJI-ArA qEHnrn (1778-1840),

p,n,
MyceJIHM raTa'lKH, npoGlba'lKH H nHBC
KH, nOpeKJIOM H3 Xep~eroBHHe. Y Gojy
CMHJLAHIffi, Hnnja, YCKOK H3 PaB
Ha rpaxoB~ 1836. OnHeo noGeny H
HHX KOTapa, CHH JIH'IKOr xapaMGallle
CTeKao enaBy. Kan je nOlllao no xapa'l
lleTpa, KojH je 110'1. XVII B. npeillao ca
Y ):(poGlbaKe, ):(p06lba~ ra HanaJIH H
BHme CHHOBa Ha MJleTa'lKY TepHTOpH
yGHJIH, 3ajenHo C npaTlbOM on 80
jy; CBH cY ce npotlyJIH Kao jYHa~ Y
TypaKa.
60pGH npoTHo TypaKa. Hajn03Ha
OueBaH je Y 6pOjHHM enCKHM HapOn
THjer, MJlHjy, enaBe enCKe HapOAHe
HHM neCMaMa, HapO'lHTO lberOBa
lIeCMe KClO pol)aKa, HJlH noGpaTHMa H
uorH6Hja, KaA ra je Hanao APoGlba'lKH
caGopll,<J JaHKOBHhaCTojaHa (BYK
KHe3 HOBH~a IJ;epoBHn. EpOjHOCT
III/25).
OBID{ necaMa nOTBp~yje H '1HlbeH~a
p.n.

Aa je BYK y CBOjOj IV KlbH3H oGjaBHo

'1eTHpH BapHjaHTe 0 CMpTH qeHrnhe

CMPT MAJKE JYI'OBIffiA. Je,ll,Ha

BOj, IllTO je H3Y3eTHO Y BYKOBOM
on Hajno3HaTHjHx H HajoMHJbeHHjID{
Ha'lHHY caCTaBJbalba 36HpKH. llecaMa
necaMa (BYK II147), KOCOBCKe TeMaTH
HMa BeM Gpoj H Y n03HHjHM Gene
KC H3pa3HTO GaJIaAH'IHOr TOHa, BHCOK!!:
}KelbHMa {HOp. HOBH~e illaYJIHha H
YMeTHHllKe BpenHOCTH. OBY necMY jc
~p.); 3aHHMJbHBe cy 3a H3Y'laBalbe Ha
, 3a6eJlc)I(H0 H lIocnao BYKY JIYKHjaH
CTaHKa enCKe TPaAH~Hje npeMa caBpe
MYIllH(~i<H, y opeMe Ka,ll, je GHO eIIH
MeHOM Aora~ajy, a HapO'IHTO OAHoca
CKOIl
y KapJIoBl.\Y, Y BojHoj KpajHHH.
'. HCToPHjCKHX 'IHlbeHH~a H eUCKor
MajKa JyroBHha H3MOJIH O'IH CO
06JIHKOBalba CIDKea neCMe,
KOJlOBC H KpHJla JIa6Y,ll,OBa Aa o,ll,JIeTH
HBaH MIDKypaHHn. je 1846. HanHcao
no GojHIll'fa; HaJla3H CBID{ AeBet CHHOBa
cueB CMpUi. CwaUJI-aie fleHiuha, BH
H CTapor Jyr-borAaHa MpTBe. lheH
COKe YMeTHf!'IKe BpenHOCTH, Ca3HaBIllH

60JI Kp03 neJIY necMY rpananHjoM

3a nora~aJ H3 HOBHHa HnHPCKMJ{.

paCTe. I1JY3eTHo je CHIDKHO OlleBaH

p.n.
MHTepHHCKH GOJl 6e3 cpa, IlpeJIHBeH Y
jeAHoM TpeHYTKY y PPHry 3a CHHO
.CME.1lEPEBO. EnCKH .H HCTOpHjCKH
BJbCBOr KOlba KOj~ H caM Tyry~e 3a
npeCTOHH rpaA 'Byp~a EpaHKOBHna H
rocnOAapCM.raBpaHH,IlT~e3JIOeny~
JepHHe, Y neCMaMa 'Byp~a CMenepeB
HHl.\e H rJlaCHHnH C KpBaBa pa3GojH
~. HapOAHa TPaAH~Hja noGpo naMTH
II ITa , GaI,ajYMajll.(Y KPHJIQ Hc::rPrnYTY
'3H}:\albe YTBp~eHor rpana, '1427-1430
. ('CTapHH;a ~OBaK H KHe3 EorocaB;
PYKy 'CflHa ):(aMjaHa;' ):(aMjaHOBa JbyGa
BYK lUll) nO'1'eIDKOM HaMery Ii KyJIy- ' .. ,no' BeH'i!lHoj ?YPMij 'llo3Haje PYKY.Koja'
. KY.I:I:aPOA.Ha JIHpcKa neCMa, Hajqelllne
Mlljl\H GYAM cchalbC. Ha ne.TlUbCTBO
Jby6aBHa, oBaj 3~ GopGe y'TBpl)eHl,f
CHHa H H3a3IiBa' Hajre)lCH GOJI, OA Kojer.
rpan onelia Kao HeKY BpCTy npenpeKe
IlpeCBIiCHe. lheHY xpaGpoCT H jYHa'1KH'
Aa ce ABoje MJIanID{ caCTaHY:
IlOHOC, llo6el)yje MaTepHHCKH GOJI:

230

,>A.I!' illy MajKu ooolbeill' fle M01lCe

llpeiiY'le joj cplle ()O 1ICaJlOCUtu.

H3MeHY OBHX CTHXOBa y'lHHHO je CTO

jaH HOBaKOBHh Y CBOM nOKymajy cac
TaBJbaiba ena KOCOBO, OA nojeAH
Ha'lHHX HapoAHHx llecaMa (II H3A.
1878). OBa H3MeHa KacHHje je IlpHX
BaheHa, ymaBHoM Y aHTOJIOmjaMa H
'IHTaHKaMa.

Tu .111/ li),cifill KfJlf>llll" lbeUOM aelleflO.M.

illllllmfllJ.1l
H H,da Mil mil ii(}KPll 'IIlCiUOM CBUJlO.M.

p.n,

KmlmlW

CMPT MUJIomA .1lPArHJIOBH

'B.A. JeAHa OA Hajno3HaTHjHX llecaMa
nyra CTHxa 0 KOCOBCKOM Gojy. ():(yGpo
Ba~lKH PYKonHc H3 1758: lloujel3Ke
CIlOI3UHCKe, caKYllJba'l 'B. Mamjallle
BMh:). HeKH HCTpIDKHBa'lH je cMaTpajy
npoTOTHIlCKOM BapHjaHToM KOCOBKC .
AeBojKe. lheHa jeAHoCTaBHa OKOCHH
'na 3GHBalba CBOAH ce Iia ,ll,OJIa3aK
KHerHlbe MHJI~e Ha KOCOBCKO pa3Go
jHlllTe noene GHTKe, H Ha lbeH cycpeT C,

palbeHHM 3eTOM MHJlOllleM ):(parHJIo

BHheM, KOjH joj Ha caMpTH OCTaB]ba
3aBelllTalbe. HcnoA OBe npHpOAHe je,ll,
HOCTaBHOCTH q,a6yJle, pa3BHja ce
BeOMa CJlO)KCHa YHYTapiba 1l0eTCKD
-HCTopHjcKa CTpyKTypa JIeCMe.
EKc;no3HnHja je THXH, cyrecTHBHH
MHJIH'IHH MOHOJIOr y XO,ll,y, lbeHa
MOJIfiTBa H oAGpaHa OA BH3Hje Koja
HcraTHBHOM MarHjoM H3rOBopeHe
pC'Il\ nocTaje npH3BaHa CTBapHOCT:

'

H Ofla M~ weilluwe,
.M.O.lbawe:
'
~

00

Ko lijellllllW yaw)e I/I!KlI ce flU KOH>a Bp1lCe.

/1flC!KU b(/ZU MWlll .JU ()ywyaa MUJlOWeBY,

PalbeH1I jYHaK. oen ca OHe CTpaHe

::KHBOTa. IIOCMHTP8 ceGe H oBaj CBeT H y
TPeneM JlHUY OCTaBJba 3aBeT y BHAY
xpHlllhaHCKD-CIlCK'e llopYKe, C TMXOM
::KeJbOM na ,yljc Y CIlCKY CBeBpeMeHOCT,

,ll,a OCTallH enCKH cnOMeH Ha OBOM

CBeTY

Hapal~HjH KOjOM ce GyraplllTHna

3aBpmana. 1l0H3.oJbajyhH Canp)KHHY
3,~BeTa MHJlOllleBOr, llocTaje peaJIHOCT
H OCTBapClbe )KeJbeHe TpajHoCTH y
enCKOM cneTY TpaAH!-lHje.
Kar) je Mlllll?lI ()j(Uj()jKU
,IlUjlq pU,JYMjellu,
nydTiu ICOH>! XPUflllllU, flU UYflO, fla OCaM
()llflllK,
KOH,U fijt!llle iiyCi/iIlIlU i'illuHuHOM
3ClleH()M.e

/1 jmll itt t/OKPllflU 'lilciTioAl: C8UJ10.M. 00

lWIIIlITill.

8uw~'lu Jjo~a

H, M,-p, ,

CMPT OMEP A
OMep ,u' Ml!plt.lla. '.

--- ------------: -----cpiii:e-j;;;;;;;

~-,

II

MEPHME, B'.
.

Ma Me iteiwj aOfl'jeiUu fla jyhUKU u3PlI1be-'

00, .

Ep cy MeflU, MUIlu/{U, lbyiUe pafle

ooaujalle,
Jby6u J/uaape80j

CMPT . CElhAHUHA HBA (BYK

III/31). JeAHa on HajcIDKemjHX, aJIH H

neCHM'IKM HajycneJlMjMx necaMa 0
231

HeKOCeHH (B. HCAHfi. 181). CHDBH y

JHlpHUH cy IIpcnaCXDnHo. CTHJlCKH
OKBMP 311 H3pa:>Kanalbe o.cefialba.

npaMeHY Marne, KpD3 KDjH ceBajy

Mylbe
3a no.jaBY HenpHjaTeJhCKe
BDjcKe; 3aTHM DnHcHBalbe HeoeCKHX

Kao Cl'LlKejHY OCHOBY, HaKO 'lYBa

Y encKoj noc3HjH CY MeTacpOpH'lKa,

npHnHKa (TaMa, naualhe 3Be3ue, npo

cehalbe Ha YCKo.'IKo. paTo.Balbe C

BeHeUHjo.M, no.'IeTKo.M XVII B., no.MH
lbyhH CYKo.Oe H no.Tepy H3 )}3eMJhe
TanHje. CWKejHD-Ko.Mn0.3HItHo.HH DK
BHp neCMe je npo.po.'IKH caH HBHHe
MajKe, TYMa'ielbe H TparH'IHo. o.CT
Bapelbe CHao CaH 0. npo.JIo.MJheHo.M
Heoy, nanllM 3Be3AaMa H no.)J(apy, no.3HaT je H y CTapHjllM neCMaMa C no.'Ie
TKa XVIII B. HBlIHo. Ka3HBalbe 0. Oo.p
OaMa je TpocreneHa rpMaUHja Ko.ja H
3ByKDM H Oo.jaMa Ao.'IapaBa TparH'laH
HCXo.A

CMDTMBHa npojeKQHja Ao.ral)aja Ko.jH

CJIeAe, pcl)e lbHXDBO HaKBanHo. 0.0pa3
JID)Kelbe, y3 YBCK npHcyrHD BepDBalbe
y HCTHHHTOCT 1I0pYKe CHao H3 Te
H3BeCHDCl'H. CBeCTH 0. HeH30e)J(Ho.CTM
Kpajlber, OOH'IHO HenpHjaTHDr HCXo.na
nDral)aju, H3paCT8 TaHaHa CeH3HOHJI
HOCT, Y3HCMHPCHOC'f pacneTa H3Mel)y
onDMeHC H TajHe, peaJIHo.CTH H <j:laTaJI
HDCTH~ IIpcnCTaB.1bajy MaXDM jeAaH o.n
Ha'HlHa YMCTHH'IKD-enCKe HHTep
npeTaQHjc. Dopa3aQ neCHH'lKe <j:lo.pMe,
noceOHO 1I00rOAHe 3a HaillY enCKY ho.e-
3Hjy 300r lbeHC jaKe eMo.THBHe 0.00.
jeHo.CTH. I1Majy 3HaTHo. MalbH 3Ha'1aj
Kao. rpal)a MHTDJlOIllKe MeTa<j:lo.pHKe,
npHnMujyhH 3allHCMMa M3 BpeMeHa
YOOJIHKO pa3BHjeHe xpHIllhaHCKe CHM
ODJIHKe. CnDJhHy H YHYTaplbY CTpYKTY
PY enCKe neCMe o.OJIHKyjy Haj'lellihe Ha
TpH nnaHa: Ha liJIaHy CaMo.r, anCTpaK
THDr. CHMOo.JIM'IHDr TKMBa CHa; Ha
nJIaHY Hl\eHTmilHKaUHje CHMODJIa C
'IOBeK9M H' npHpo.nDM CTBapH DKD
lbera (l'yMa'leJe cHa),iH Hahan. Ha
unaHY lIoeTCKe KDHKI)e1'lfJat{Hje <j:laoy
ne. Ha UJIaHY HCKDpa'lelba H3 CHM
Oo.JIH'IHOr Y pCaJIHH CBeT enCKD HCTD
pMjcKDr JlDral)aja. \fIeno.Ta neCMe npH
To.M 3aBliCH Dn YCKnat)eHDCTH CBa TpH
nnaHa (n. CM.pifl CCl-bQHUHQ Uea).
CaH Kao npeACKa3albe He MDpa 3~
BaTHrn I,CJlY neCMY. aJIH }'lIeK HMa QeH
'fpaJIHH 3Ha'laj, CaH QapHIte MHJIHQe y
oyraplliTHUH H3BaHpeAHa je eMOTHB
HD-CHMOOJIH'lHa ilpHIlpeMa KOCDBCKDM
no.pa3Y, KaD H lberDBD TYMa'ielbe
HCTDpH.icKOM <i>UTlmHDllIhy:

JIaMaJ:l,e Heoa) - 3a HCTDPHjCKH

npenoMHe TpeHYTKe; no.JIeTaJ:l,e COKD
'Jla - Kao CMMODJIa 3a MJIanuha, rJIaCHH
Ka, oCBaja'Ia; ryje Kao. nepCo.HH<j:lH
KaUHje 3JIa. Yno.ra TYMa'la CHMODJIa
KaD JIH'IHo.CTH 3aBHCH on 3Ha'laja
TYMa'lelba HJlH npo.po'laHCTBa.
CaH y paBHH MHTOJIo.llIKD-XpHillhaH
CKDr no.rJIena Ha COOT nDjaBJhyje ce y
oajUH H JIereHnapHoj npH'lH
rAe ce
HaJlD3H H3 CHa npeHo.ce Heno.CpenHD Ha
Jleno.Balbe nH'lHOCTH H TaKO ce CTBapa
<j:laoyJIa. DBe nDpYKe cy. DOH'lHD
nDMo.h jYHaKY, a caMD cHDBH~elbe je
npHjaTHD npeACKa3aJ:l,e (JIHjeK DJI
Ma~lIja. UapeB 3eT II KpHJIaTa oaoa,
KDnalbe oJIara). Y npenalbHMa ce
HHCMcTHpa Ha nDTBpAH BepDnDCTDj
Ho.CTII CHao
CaH Kao o.JlBajaJ:l,e JlYllle o,n: :reJIa
():IYllIa Ko.ja je HOCHJIaQ pa):llbe) nDja
BJbyje ce', Hnp. y JIereHJlapHllM neCMa
Ma 0 CB. HHKOJIH KOjH H.n:e na cnacaBa
Opo.JlDJIo.MHMKe (BYK 11121; HHKDnHh
fp., CHII, 9. 10, 11; MX 1/11). PeJIH
I:HjCKH, eTHOJIo.IllKH, nCHXDJIDIllKH ac
neKT CHa TaKDl)e je MoryhHD npDyqa
BaTH y o.KBHpy HapD):IHlIXYMDTBopHHa.

yCKD'IKHM j}'HaI:(HMa. CBa y 3aKo.HH

TDCTHMa enCKDr DOmfKo.Balba, Beo.Ma
ce Mano. o.CJIalba Ha CTBapHo. 30HBalbe

j;
L

,1

r.n.

~I

,I

il
II

III

II

II

II
'I'
I'

'Ii

".

CHOBH. IIo.jaBJbyjy ce y CBllM BpCTa

Ma YCMeHe KlbWKeBHDCTH. OA BpCTe
Maxo.M 3aBHCH Ha'lllH lbHXo.Bo.r CMP
)J(lIHCKo.r H CTpYKTYpHDr DOJIHKDBalba.
Y JIHpCKo.j noe3HjH o.OWlHo. cy HCKa3
JhyoaBHe 'Ie)J(lbe, peTKO. Heno.cpenaH H
epo.Tc,KH (Ho.hac caMTe y caH
CHHo.... ; Ta IDTo. MH je MHJIo. o.Hae n~. BDj'le, /Ha Co.H MH ce.<j:lapJhaT B IDape
Eia o.l1.aaJ Ha MeKa nDCTeJha, IDapeHa
nepH1Ir(a; ... ). qeIDhe je no.cpenaH,
}'lIeK yo.KBHpeH y 30HBalbe. MD)J(e na
oYl1.e H3p~eH y HenpeHeCeHo.M 3Ha'le
lby. IIDjaBJbyje ce lIDp. KaD TpD'lJIaHa
DOpenHa MHHHjaTYpa npoCHAoe H
AapHBalba, HCnpH'laHa BeTpy: qyn:aH
caM CaHaK YCHHJIa: I Ha. CHY MH oey
TpOjHI~a I npBH MH A!\Ae ja6YKY, I Apym
MH AaAe OOCHJhaK, I TpehH MH Aane
3JIaT-npCI;eH. .(HajBehH oPDj BapH
ja~aTa je H3 CTape H j~e ~poHje,
.HCTD'lf.le CpOHje H MaKeno.HHje; B.
EDBaH, JIupcKe UeCM.e 1/142, 11/58;
MHJIllnllHo.BUH, 291). ):' BHAY MeTa<j:lo.
p~; I1po.ID~pyjy c:e eKCnJIHQ}fTHm,i Ty
Ma'l~lbeM, HJIH.<j:lo.pMHpajy AHHaMWIKy.
no.e~kKy CJI.HKY 'lHjH' . ce : CMH.cao.
'nOnpa~YMeBa: .lla He BHAe, JIYAo.. Co.H
:ia MeHe? I BH.n:o.x; BH.n:DX. JIYAo., KaK' 'He
BH.n:o.X: I TH ce CTo.PH. JlYno. epeoHQa, I ja
. ce CTDpHX, Mo.Me, CHBH Co.Ko.JI; I nao.jQa
Ta CH, JIYAD OTJIeTaxMe, I TaMD no.ny,
JIYAO, B JIHBareTO. I B JIliBareTO, MOMe,

H() Mil ce Hol;uClce fiipY()UH CqH yaacHuo,

be Mil aHllje.1()e ii{/()axy c Neoeca Ha IjpHy

aeM..IPY

, be "ui fijellle NU lIefiy ji/CUH Mjecel{

'.

II

iioUia.MN~O,

be ce je He()p() I/(!(j" flU '/eUiadpo

paL'iiYKNyJlO! I

113 JlDCT<I pa3Ho.BpCHDr je3HKa CllM60.

JIa MO)Ke ce H3ABOjHTH MeTa<j:lopa 0.

232

HanMYJlpHUafhlI pHBana;l 0 lberOBIIM

nDCnDBH'lHo. HenDrpeIllHBHM npecy

naMa HJIM 0. yMHHM nDOel1.aMa Han

.1bYAMMa H ljaSOJIHMa.2 Y DopaAaMa

CBHX OBHX TeMa KapaKTepHCTH'lHD je

IIpD)KH~alhe yCMeHe H nHcaHe KlbH

)KeBHDCTH.

H.M.-D,
I Yn. BYK. op. 42 H nllcaHa KIbHlKellHocr XIV BC'

Ka.

2 BYK. nplllimmjeiiih'c. op. 41, 43, 'fajKaHOllHh,

CE3. XLI. nplIl/",<eiiiKe op. 66.76. HTIl,

COJIYH. Y Hapo.nHoj TpMHItHjH TBP

JlH rpan. Be3aH 3a jYHa'iKH nDJlBHr

EonaHDr .llDj'lHHa (B.). Y enCKllM nee

MaMa.3anHcaHHM y HaIllllM 3ana,n:HHM

KpajeBHMa. o.Co.OHTD no. npHMDpjy,

npeMa HapDnHDj eTHMOJIDrHjH ee HMe

rpaAa Melba H Be3yje 3a nD3HaTHjH

JIDKaJIHTeT CDJIMH (Kpaj CnnHTa). Y

nHpCKHM neCMUMa cy no nenOTH Ha

rJIacy CDnYHCKe neBojKe.

p.n.
. COQHBHUA, "!3, JIoepuA, UeaH..

CIIAC9BC~E nECME. JIHpCKe 0.0-'

penHe neCMe JIeTlber nepHD,n:a KDje cy

ce H3BDI,HJIe OKo. JIeTlbe ):Iyro,n:HeB

HHQe. 06H'Iaj ce paHO H3ryOHD,. Ello je

H.M.-D.
n03HaT' y o.Ko.JIHHH EYJlBe. II;ana y D'iH

CpDnHo.CT 'jei\He neCMe H3 ByKDBe

1 B. CHOBe Y BapHjaHTaMa necaMa 0 lKCHHIlOH

30Hp'Ke 0 neBDjQH H 3Majy, ca CTapD

KPaJha BYKawHHa. BorHIIIHh, 97; MHllyrHH.O

rp'IKHM MHTDM 0 OD)KaHCTBllMa )KHTa

IlHh, nje6uHuja, '147; Y )KeHHIIGH MaKcHMa

.lleMeTpH If IIepceq,DHH.

UPHojcoHha; Y >,nOxapH )KafiJJ,aKa, OlJleiJa

Ha cnaCOBAaHCKDM ypaHKy ):IeBDjKY

JI(J Cpi!CKIJ. LVI. HTII

. Dl1.Ho.CH 3MUj:

COJIOMOH (COJIOM)'B) MYJlPH (973

933. npe a. e.), CHH H3paHJhCKDr KP~Jh~
naBH.n:a. Beo.MacnDcooaH, MYJlap JlP
)KaBmrx, Boj(:KDBol)a,: rpaJlHTeJh; .ne
. <;HHK.. 'nojeJlHHH' cTapD3aseTHM ano.
KPH<j:lH nOTnHC8HH cy H.eroBllM lIMe-'
HDM. IIDCTaD j<;.rJlaBHH jYHaK MHDrHX
HHTepHaQHDHaJIHHX, na H HallIHX
YCMeHHX npHnoBenaKa H aHernDTa.
TeMe KDje ce Haj'leillne Be3yjy 3a lbera
cy 0. HcnHTHBalbY BepHoCTH )KeHe H

('UHfl JIUIw)y iim) iCpllJlllMa

II ii(}JleiiiNY c beH(}jjwIOM
. y me cUlIlI>e ICiJMelwfiie.

qHa',oCTaje' y. llInHJh~,.CJle ):10. cnenefie

JIeTlbe ):IyrD):IHeBHHQe. KM ra y6en~"
CY3aMa'):IU le'nycrn npHBpeMeHO MajQH
.
H npyrapHl~aMa:'
CHe beH()jl(.1! HjeHlle Nlice

fljeHfje NOCI!, MujKI! ,)Ilte

a ja jU()HU MUjICI! JlfeJlIIM.

233

';:

Tyee 3MQjy pa:JtCaJlUAO.

Dna My je 8jepy oaJla...

naHac (UpHozopcKe eiicKe

paJHlIX apeMeHa, 1970).

3a nojeAHHe nojMoBe (BjepHa Jby6a,

OeJlH ).lBOPH, pyca Koca HT).l.); O).l
nBOCTpyXHX eIIHTeTa (nyToHor, BHTO
por); on YCTaJbeHe ynOTpe5e rJIarOJIa;
on YCTalbeHHX nope~eH>a (3a opKe Kao jarH>e OA nOJIa roAHHe, 06Jla~
KaKO H oapjanH). CTepeOTHnHH
nOqenH H 3aBpllIeWl, KOjH npen
CTaBJbajy CKOPO nOCJIOBHO nOHaBJbaH>e
, YBOAa HJIH 3aKJbY'laKa AeJIa (Eo)Ke
MHJIH, 'lyna BeJIHKOra; BHHO nHjy no
nBa noopaTHMa; Hac JIaraJIH. MH
nOJIaryjeMo) - TaKo~e cy YCTaJbeHe
KOM6HHa~je CTajahHx peqH. 3ana)Ka
jyliH q,YHKnHOHaJIHOCT CBHX OBHX peqH
H H>HXOBHX KOMoHHa~ja 3a HMnpOBH
3a~jy, HOBHja HaYKa HCTHqe CTBapaH>e
oApe~eHHX cxeMa xoje ce He MOPajy
HcnYH>aBaTH HCTOM JIeKCHqKOM rpa
1j0M, Beli je3HqKOM rpaljoM HCTHX
q,0PMYJIHHX CBojCTaBa, MH HCTe CHH
TaKCH'lXe KaTeropHje. TaKO ce YBOnH
q,opMyJIa Kao TepMHH KOjH Tpeoa Y
ce6e Aa yKJbY'lH Ha:mBe Kao no
HaBJbaH>e, napaJIeJIHlaM, CTaJIHH enH
reT, CTepeOTHllHe q,pa3e, aJIH na ooyx
BaTH H nojaM nponyKTHBHor CTBapa
JIa'lKor 06pacna'- na 03Ha'iH KJIaY3YJIY
noce6He YCMeHo-noeTcX;e rpaMaTHKe.
B. 4JOPMYIl'a.

iljecMe
H,M,-r...

BH3Hja 0 HaTnpHpOAHOM 5Hliy, ca

CpneM 'IOBeKa KOjH ocelia, naTH, BOJIH
H Bepyje y 'IacT, 06eliaH>a, y OBOj
neCMH BeOMa je AaJIeKa OA MarnjcKe
MHCJIH, Kao llITO je TO H pa3HrpaHH
npOJIeimH aM6HjeHT AeBoja'lKOr Bece
Jba, na HOaK ce c H>OM MO)Ke nOBe3aTH.
CnaCOBCKe neCMe yrJIaBHOM neBajy 0
jYHaKY Ha KOH>Y, CYHneM 06acjaHoM,
llITO ce TaKo~e MO)Ke CXBaTHTH Kao
nepCOHHq,HKanHja YCKpCJIOr BereTa
THBHor (0)KaHCTBa.

CPEBPHU IJ.AP (PYllapCKH ~ap,

'Iyuap). XTOHH'IHO (0)KaHCTBO, 60r
pynHHKa CJIOBeHCKor JllJIH repMaHCKOr
nopeKJIa, OnllITH C 6e3rpellIHHM pyna
pJIIMa. nOKYllIaj Aa ce HaCJllJIHO JIICKOna
nJIalia ce cMpliy. MO)Ke npeACTaBJbaTH
naraHCKor 60ra HacynpoT XPHllI
liaHCKOM.
B. 'Bopbe; TpojaH.
H,M.-r...

H. M.-'I;.

CPOCKE HAPOAHE OJECME H3

CO(J)EBABAILE. TepMHH KOjH YSO

AH H ynOTpe6JbaBa B)'K Kapa~IHIi.
fOBopeliH 0 OAJIynH Aa H3Aa npBY
36HPKY necaMa, y npenrOBOpy Malloj
iipociiloHapoolboj cIlaeeHocep6cKoj
iljecHapullu (1814), Ha crp. 19. Ka)Ke:
OBAe HeMa HH jeAHe njecHe, KOjy je
AYX Bo06pa)KeH>a, 'lHTaH>eM KH>Hra
060ralieH, no npaBHJIHMa rrjecHo
TBOpCTBa H3MHllIJbaBaO; Hero cy CBe
OHe, Koje je cepnne y npOcTOTH H HeBH-'
HOCTH 6e3xynO)KH0 no npHPOAH ciije
eaeIlJlO. OBaj TepMHH 3a CTBapaJIa'lKH
-'IHH YCMeHor 06JIHKOBaH>a neCMe,
yrJIaBHOM je 3aMeH>eiJ llIHpHM; crpa
HHM repMHHOM HMnpOB~anHja.
H.M,-'&.

4tallOBHha KapaJ,lHha. I-IV, 1973-1974,

Y penaKI~HjJII B. HenHlia H )1(. MJIa
~eHOBJilliu. Hl~alhe CAHY, nO yrJIeny
Ha BYKony noneJly. Y npBoj KH>H3H cy
pa3JIH tIHe )KeHCKe njecMe, y npyroj
njecMe jYHatlKc HajCTapHje. y Tpenoj
jYHa1lKe CpenH>Hjex BpeMeHa H 'leTBp
TOj HOBHjJIIX npcMcHa, 0 BojeBaH>Y 3a
CJIo6Q~y. Y onnlJilpHoj YOOAHOj pacnpa
BJII cKynJIiCHH cy nonarm 0 PYKonHcHMa
HapOnHHX necaMa BYKOBe 30HpKe JII
lhJIIXOBOM J113~analhy. FhBaH o:Be KO
JIcKWlje H3aWJIa je neTa KH>Hra oco
OHTHX njccaMa H nOCKO'lJllu,a H Canp)KH
neCMe epOTcKe H onCneHe Canp)KHHe
Koje nOTH'IY' li3 pa3J1H'lJIITHX 3anHca y
BYK~BOj 0<:t'aBIlITJIIHJII,

H, M.-il,

CTAJIA1l.. CpenH>OBeKOBHo YTBplje

H>e; y naponHoj noe3HjH ce ~3yje 3a
. jYHaKe Tonopa on CTaJIalia H BOjBOny
npHje3AY, 6paHJIIOu,e rpana KOjll cy
Typ~ pa30pMH 1413.
.
B. Bojaooq llpuje3iJa.

p,n,

CIIYIIITEHAKJlTYPHA AOBPA.
Y06H'IajeH npeaon TepMHHa

ncofijaBJJ.CIIHX pYKonHC8 ByKa CTC

Gesunke

nes Kulturgut, KOjH je YCTaHOBHO

HeMaqKH HayqHlIK Hans Naumann, Y
OKBHPY ~eje na ce HaponHO 6JIarQ
CTBapa Y BHlIIHM CJIOjeBHMa H na ra
Hapon H3 BHllIHX CJIojeBa APYlliTBa
npeY3HMa. Te3a 0 apHCToKpaTcKoM
nopeKJIY HapoJ;lHt: KH>H)KeBHoCTl! npe
. . ' OBJIanaJIa' je Y EBpOllH HapO'iHTO Y
npooj JIOJIOBHHH XX B. Y OAHOCY .~a
Ha:my enlll9'3acTyIIa je PYCKH HayqirnK '
H. KpaBnoB (CpilcKa eiiuKa, 1933), Aa
'6Hje ce OJijJexao 1951 (TpYObt HHCiilu
iilyiila eiilHo'lpatjJuu. HC, 13, C'rp.
303-360). P. 36roBHIi OBY Te3Y Y
. HeWTO H3MeibeHOM BHAY 3aCTyna H

234

CPOCKU YCTAHAK,'B. llecMe 0

'
6op6aMa 3a qCIlo6obelbe Cp6uje.

CTAJA'JlE PEIJH. YCTaJbeH TepMHH

Y Hawoj'HaynJII,3a petlJII J113 JIeKCH'lKOr
q,OH):{a HaponHe KH>H)KeBH9CTJII xoje ce
penOBHO ynoTpeOJbaBajy npimHKOM
YC.MeHe JIIMnpOBH3au,ltje" Mana MOry
HMaTli. H CHHpf!HMe:y ~6k'lHOM rooopy
(oa60 ~ OTan. ryja -,3MHja, Jby6a -'
)KeH.a' JIITn.). non cTajaliJilM pe'lJIIMa
MOry ce uOnpa3YMCBaTH He caMO noje
l1.IDle pe11Jil CBHX BpCTa. Beli H CHHTarMe
Koje ce caCToje 01\ YCTaJbeHHX emfTeTa

p.n.

"

Hll.'tI fieCMClMa (npHJI03H npoy'laBaH>y

Hapo).lHe lIoe3Hjc. I, 1934), HeKO.llUKO

6e.lleJICaKlI 0 1f.aPOOHOj iiipaoulluju

(HCTO, II, 1935). Ii3Y'laBao je KH>H)KeB
HH pan CaBe HeMalhHlia H KOHCTaH
THHa $HJl03oq,a.
p.n

CTAPAU MUJIUJA (npBa nOJI. XIX

B.). neBt!'1 enCKJIIX HaponHHX necaMa,
pOnOM JII3 EpncroBHHe O~ KOJlaIIlJII
Ha. 3a BpeMe npBor YCTaHKa npewao
y Cp6J11jy. qYBCH no n06pOM neBaH>Y,
BYK ra je noce6Ho ~y)Ke. BpeMeHa
Tpa)KJIIO H Y3 nOMoli MMollia 06pe
HOBJilna ~ollIao C lhJIIM Y noAHp. 3anH
cao je O~ H>era 'leTHpH BpJIO JIene
enCKe HapanHe neCMe (Cegrpa JIeKe
KaneTaHU, EaHOBJilIi CTpaXHH>a,
)1(eHH~6a MaKCJIIMa UpHojeBHlia H
faBpaH xapaM6allIa). TaJIeHTOBaH
neBa'l ca CMJilCJIOM 3a npaMCKY KOM
n03J11llJi1jy neCMe H eTH'lKo-nCHXOJIO
IlIKO 06JIHKOBaH>e JIJIIKOBa.
p,n.

CTAPU BYJAAlIH. Xpa6plf xajn}'K,

KOjH no jcniIoj on HajJll!llllIHX necaMa 0
xajnynJIIMil (BYK III/50) HlAP)KH, Haj
Te)Ke MyKe He OnaBWJII 'ApyroBe, HH
jaTaKe, H 1I0nCTJlltie CHHOBe Ha jYHa'IKO
~p)Kalhe upen TYPu,Ha. HCTopnjCKH je
n03HaTO BJIIllIe xajnYKa C TaKBHM
HMeHOM. Y HajCTapHjoj BapnjaHTn OBe
lJeCMe,' 3,mJIICaHoj noq.. XVIII B. Y
,EpJIaHreHCKoM pYKonHcy, JIHK cTapor
xajl1.YKa ~ He jaBJb~, jYHa~ cy caMO
. nBa MJIana xajnYKa, 6palia MeQY C060M;
neCMa je 3HaTHO CJIa6lfja o~ BYKOBe
BapJlljaHTC, tlJlljoj JIenOTJII nonpHHOCH'
jYHa1lJeJil H CTJII'IKH Y3BJiIllIeH JInK CTapor .
xajAYKa.

CTAHOJEBH1l., CTauojc (1874-1937),

HCTOpn'Iap JII 'JIICTQPH'lap 'CTapHje
p,n.
KlbH)KeBHOCTJII, npoq,ecop If?HJI030q,
,
. CKor q,aKyJIT~Ta, 'iJIaH. CpncKe aKaneMHje HaYKa: fuY'laIlao ca CTaHOBJillIlTa
'CTAPHHA HOBAK. JenaH on Hajno
HCTOPHjCKHX H~yKa Hamy Hapo~HY'
lIYJIapHJlljHX enCKJIIX jYHaKa 'xai,nY'lK:HX
KH;H)KeBHpCT; 'IeCTO ~peMa ~p'aHoj'
.necaMa,O KOMc'ueBajy HajqellIlie 'K,:!O ,0,
apxHlicKoj JII APyroj 'rpaljH; 3Ha'lajHJlljn ' " n03Ha'FOM xapaM6awH. I:IajBepoBaTo'
cy My panoB;H: 0 HeKUM MOiilueUMa Y
. HHje je y OBOM JIJIIKy caqysaHo 'encKo'
HalUUM HapooHUM iiecMaMa (J~ocenaH>e Ha nBa JIICTOPJlljH n03HaTa jynaCJIOBeHCKH q,HJiOJlor, VII, 1928-29).
Ka: jenHor CTapJlljer, HOBaKa ,UeoeJlJlllia H3 XIV JllJIH XV iI., If MJIa~er,
HeKUM MoiiluIJUMa Y HalUUM Hapoo

235

-----

rr

j,

Ii

It

:Ji

It

Ba6a-HoBaKa, paTHHKa, xaj,n:j"IKOr

xapaM6aIIIY C Kpaja XVI B. Ba6a
HOBaK ce 60pHo p ep,n:eJbCKOr BOjBO,n:y

oneBa ce H H>erOBa ,n:py:lKHHa: 6paT

Pa,n:HBoje, CHHOBH TaToMHp H fpyjHl(a.
J e,n:Ha Oil HajJIenllIHX enCKHX necaMa

MHXaHJ1a, npoTHB TypaKa 11 )1(.

(BYK III!3) neBa 0 pa3JJa3Y Mel}y

6pahoM. Pa,n:HBoje C ,n:Py:lKHHOM oc

BaTopHja. OKJIeBeTaH Kao H3,n:ajHHK,
TaBJba HOBaKa, jep je oCTapuo H
6Ho je CnaJbeH 1601. y rpa.n:y KJIy:JKy y
nOCTaje H caM xapaM6allIa, aJIH Beh y
Ep,n:eJbY. 0 H>eMY neBajy nope,n: cpn
cKoxpBaTcKHX necaMa H MaKe,n:OHCKe,
npBoM 60jy 6YAe no6el)eH o,n: TypaKa,
H y nOCJIe,n:H,eM 'lacy HOBaK ra ca
6yrapcKe H PYMYHcKe. IIYTOnHCH Kp03
Hallie KpajeBe TOKOM XVI B. nOMHH>Y
CHHOBHM<l jYPHllIOM cnace. IIeCMa '!:YBa
cehaH>e Ha peaJIHje H3 CTBapHor :lKH
MHore JIOKaJIHTeTe, Haj''Iellihe pyllIe
BHHe rpa,n:OBa, Koje ce npHnHcyjy
BOTa xajnYKa: neBaH>e Kao Ha'lHH
TajHor CI10pa3YMeBaH>a, BepOBaH>e y
,Ue6eJIHhy HOBaKY
HJIH
MapKY
KpaJbeBHhy. Beh y THM ce nOMeHHMa
xaj):1Y'IKY cpehy Kao Heonxo,n:HO CBOj
HOBaK Be3yje 3a ropy POMaHHjy. Y
CTBO H "Y:lKHOCT nOKOpaBaH>a CTape
IIlHHH.
cpnCKoxpBaTCKHM enCKHM neCMaMa
Y encKoj TPa,n:Hl(HjH HOBaK ce ,n:OBO,n:H
pel)e ce jaBJba Kao ,Ue6eJIHh HOBaK
y Be3y H CjYHa~HMa <!>ey,n:aJIHHX BpeMe
(BYK III/4); Y 6yrapcKIIM H MaKe,n:OH
Ha: OH je, Hnp., K}'M 'Bypl)a CMe,n:e
CKHM '1eCTO ce TaKO 3OBe. Tpa,n:HllHja 0
Ba6a-HoBaKY nOCJIe H>eroBe norn6Hje
peBQa (BYK IIn9) y CBaTOBHMa Y KojH
Ma je H KpaJbeBHh MapKO. Mel)y
6p30 ce pa3BHJIa (TypCKH: 6a6a, CTapH-
jYHaKe H HeJIHKaJue <!>ey,n:aJIHHX BpeMe
'10BeK, OTal() H lIMe CrapHHa HOBaK
Ha CBpCTaBa ra H neCMa MaprHTa
3a xaj,n:Y'lKor xapaM6aIIIY nOTHCKyje
):1jeBojKa H PajKo BojBo,n:a (B.). OH je
CTapHja cehaH>a Ha HCTOIIMeHOr iysa
je,n:HHH, xaj,n:y'IKH jYHai< KOjH ce oneBa y
Ka. IIeCMe 0 H>eMY YHYTap xajAj"lKOr
~KJIyca '1HHe noce6aH, 6pojaH Kpy,r.
6yrapllITHQaMa (BorHIlIHh. 39); 3a
ibera 'ce Be3yje HHTepHal(HOHaJIHa
Haj'leIIIha TeMa 0 y3pOl(HMa o,n:MeTa
TeMa 0 :lKeHH,n:6H jysaKa BJUIOM; OMB
H>a y xaj,n:y,Ke 06pal)eHa je' ,n:BOjaKHM
JbeH je enCKH jYHaK H y CTapHjHM nec
Ha'lHHOM. Y neCMH CTapHHa HOBaK H
MaMa C nO'I. XVIII B. 3anHCHBaHIIM Y
, KHe3 BorocaB (BYK IIIII) Kp03 nOC3H
jy je ,n:aTo HCTaPHjCKH Ta'lHO 06ja
EpJIaHreHCKOM pyKonucy. Y He~
HOBHjHM enCKHM neCMaMa P H>era ce
llIH>eH>e nojaBe xaj.n:y'lHje, KOjy ppoKy
.nOMHH>y Kao .'IJIaHOBH ,n:py:lKHHe xajjy COl(HjaJIHO H Hal(HOHaJIHO yrH>e
TaBaH>e: HOBaK je ,n:oBe,n:eH y Be3Y C 'AY~ Cpe,n:oje H Bopoje.
apeMeHOM 'Bypl)a BpaHKOBHha CMe,n:e
Y HMeHY H>erOBa CHHa TaTOMHpa
peB~a. KHe3Y BorocaBY, '1Hje ce HMe . MO:lK,n:a ce O'IYBaJIO cehaH>e Ha nOCJIe):1H>er 6yrapcKor ~apa CrpaWIMHpa H3
cpeTa y HCTOPHjCKIIM 3anHCIIMa nOJI..
BH,n:HHa. O):1l(ene ):1py:lKHHe y enH~ cy
XIV B., HOBaK rOBopH 0 Te:lKHHH KyJIy
HajOMBJbeHHjH MJIal)H CHH fpyjHQa Ka H HaMeTJn{a 'npH rpal)e~y CMelle
):1HjeTe fpyjHua, KOjH ce oneBa KaO '
peBa, a 3aTHM, 0 CaMOBOJbH .H 3YJIYMY
xpa6ap, ):10BHTJbHB H H3pa3HTO JIen
MJIa,n:ot Typ'lHHa, '1Hje CBaTOBe P ttYT
cpeTlie,IlITO'CBe nOCTaje pa3JIor'H>Cro
MJIa,o:H xaj.n:yK.
'BaO,n:JIaCKa Y xaj.n:yKe. Y.n:pyroj neCMB
p:n"
(BYK VI)'H3HO~ ce ~aMO TYPCKO YrH>e
,TaBaH>e . Kao, Y3POK ~aj.n:y'llfj~: eVCKH
.CTEB~H BHC()K,.: noeTCKO. lIMe
cIbKe 9. qOBeKY'-TprOB~ Kora' ,npec
Ct1tet/JtlHa ,J1~3ape6I1ha, . cpnCKor ~e-
peTRe OCHOH TYP'lHH H npeoTMe My
cnOTa on 1389--1427. CHHa KHe3a JIa3a
po6y, Haj'lellihe CTOKy, IlITO ra TelliKO
pa. Y npHpo,o:H je 6Ho BHCOK; H3Y3eTHe
OCHpOMaIIlH H xaj,n:YKOBaH>e My je,n:HHO
JIenOTe: ,fpa,o:H KHe:lKe 6Hhe TH 3a
npeOCTaje, Be3yje, ce H 3a ,n:pyre enCKe
,o:yllIy H 3a 3,o:paBJbe BHCOKOM CTeOMHJbeHe jytlaKe, Hop. Baja' IIHBJI,a
4>aRY (BYK 11135). HaCJIe,o:Ho KHe3!l

HHHa, M. TOMBha H ;tWo Y3 HOBaxa

JIa3apa nOCJIe KOCOBCKe 6HTKe. 0,0:

236

I
I
. t

j'

BH3aHTHjcKor uapa n06Ho THTyJIy

,o:ecnOTa 1402, 0,0: Ka,o:a je Cp6Hja
,o:ecnOTOBHHa. O:lKeH>eH JeJIeHOM H3

1l0peKJIO Ii ocnOHa~ y CJIaBH cpnexe

cpe):lH>OSCKOBHe ,o:p:lKaBe.
npen;aH>C Koje jc 3a6eJIe:lKHO BYK, y

llapCKe nOpOIlHlle llan:eoJIora. llpe

3aBpwHoj nOeHTHO 631131bY 6Y3l{OBaHa

ca Bpa'IaH>eM.! oCTBapyje cjajRY CHH

CTOHHUY npeHeo y Beorpa,n:. HCTO
Te3Y 6ypHor BpeMcHa, ):1aje 3aKJbj"lHo
pHjCKH nO):la~ nOKa3yjy ,o:a ce y H>cro
oojaIIIH>eH>e no nOeTCKIIM 3aXTeBIIMa
BO BpeMe npHJIHKC y Cp6HjH cpel)yjy.
Haj60JbHx KYJITYPHOHCTOPHjCKHX npe
Kao TypCKH Ba3an, 6paT nOIlITOBaHe
):IaH>a, a 110 Hapo):lHOM ocehaH>Y 3a He
Baja3HToBe :lKeHC OnHBepc, cpnCKe
MHHOBHOCTH HCTOPHjCKHX TOKOBa:
JeCTHpe, MY,o:ap H 06pa30BaH BJIa,n:ap,
.. BHCOKH CTe<!>aH... ,o:ollIao y Cp6Hjy
ycnelliaH paTHHK (cBe,o:O'laHCTBa 060jy
H C TypUHMa ce 6Ho H Ha):1BJIa,n:aBIlIH HX
KO,o: HHKOnOJba 1396), OH KOPHCTH CBe
H npeTjepaBIIIH npeKo Mopa 6a~0 3a
MoryhHoCTH ):Ia CpOHjy no,o:HrHe. Y
H>HMa CBoj 6Y3,n:oBaH Y Mope roBopehH:
BpeMe 60ja KO):1 AHrope (1402), ,n:p:lKH
'Ka,o: oBaj 6Y3,n:oBaH H3H1lIaO Ha cyXO,
l(eJIy HeOKpH>eHY 3eMJbY CBor oua H
oH]\a ce H TYPUH Sp8THJlH aMO!', a op
nOKpaj H>e ,n:eo 3eMJbe BYKoBe. Ha
,n:OBaH
O,llMax caM H3H~e Ha 6pHjer; y
npe):laK 3aHaTCTBa H pynapCTBa (HOBO
TOM My ce aHl)eo jasH rOBopehR: 'H TH
Bp,n:o). KynrypHH nOJIeT, nO):lH3aH>e
MO:lKelli H KOH> TH MO:lKe, aJIH TH Bor He
MaHaCTHpa MaHacHje. peHecaHcHH

):Ia'.

eneMeHTH y KH>H:lKeBHOCTH H apXHTeK

H.M.-li.
TYPH (pecaBCKa IlIKOJIa), H>eroB JIHK y
cpe,o:H>OBeKoBHoj KH>H:lKeBHOCTH (noce
! TaK()l.lc KII!! nCTpallollHha. CHIl Gp. II. lIeCMe
6Ho y 6Horpa<!>HjH KOHCTaHTHHa IIlH
28. 29 - npcyJc'fll "II BYKa.
JI030<!>a), 'y HeMa'iKHM xpoHHKaMa.
cBe,o:O'laHCTBIIMa ,oyrapcKHx caBpe
CTEDAHHJA, nesa'IHQa encKHX Ha
MeHHKa. o6jarnH>aBajy H>eroBY encKY
pO):\HHX neCaMa H3 1a,n:pa. BYK jy je y
nonynapHOCT, Te ce 3a ~era Be3yjy H
CpeMY HaJUao H o,n: H>e 3anHCaO HeKO
MHTCKH H onIlITeHHTepHal(HOHaJIHH
nHKO JIelIHX necaMa CTapHjHX BpeMe
MOTHBH 1lIT0 je CJIj"Iaj ca CBHM n03Ha
Ha. neBa'l KOjH naMTH Ii ):I06po
THM jYHa~Ma.
npeHOCH neCMe y IlIHPOKOM H ,n:06po
HajcTapHja 3anHcaHa BapHjaHTa je
H3a6paHoM 'penepToapy; no,o: BH,n:HHM
6yrapllITHQa (BorHIlIHh, 6p. 8) Koja
je y,THl(ajeM I.1pKBeHe TPa,n:HUHje:
06pal)yje HHTepHaUHOlfaJIHH MOTHB 0
p.n._
'UJIeMeHHTOM 3a'lehy y je,o:Hoj HOhR,
nOCJIe Koje ce 0,0: CH6HH>Ke JtieBojKe
CTEPEOTHIIAH
3ABPmETAK
pa~ajy_ 6JIH3aHl(H: YrpHH' JaHKo H
(TePMHH' y noe3HjH: ooiljeeaK). Kao H .
n'jena Pyce. IIoce6Ho je HCTaKHy,TO
CTepeOTHnaH nO'ICTaK, H y noe3HjH H y
BHTeIDTBO BHcoKor CTeBasa, H>e(OB
np'03H MO:lKe 6HTH y Be3H ca ca;l\p
'1aCHH 3aBeT CHOHH>&H n;eBpjUH, KOjH
:lKHHOM, HJlH .caMO BHA ,KOMYHHK~je
}'MHoroM no,o:ceha ~a MOTHB :;IaBeTa
ca CJIyrnao~Ma:
.
KOCOBKH ,o:eBojl(H H3 KOCOBCKHX
, - To, ui.lycl7iu. iia i)YIllY ucuyciilu.
. necaMa'H CTaBJba My opeOJI MY'IeHHKa.
na je Jby(jll KUf)fm) ce upo6you.
IIpe,o:aH,e H3 BYKOBor P.j'e'lUUKa 0
- X6alla IIIMla opallO, Ila uQcllYxy
.BHCOKOM CTeBaay H. BapHjaHTe. H3
, :.. Oi'ij}(jci'[illl7ie MellY Ila aa6nyxy.
" CaBH~CKor, neTonHca fI~' XVII iI.. ;.

- flmijeHKlllli'lla iiOIllUiet6e, HIlMa'

MHJIYTHHOBHheBe lljeeau;"'/e 611.. 160. H

ar)pullJbe U 6eceJOe.
IIeTpaHoBHh (li/28). ycnoCTaBJbajy
'11 cpel7illd cy JlCuHjeim ()o c60ja 6ujeKa.
HCTH reHeaJIOIlIKo-enCKH KOHTHHy
TaMo CUM fiuo II HIIIlO iiuo u jow MU je
HTeT cpncKo-yrapcKe 6op6e upoTHB
IlpHell jeJlfK.

TypaKa. CHoHfbaHHHY Jamey ;l\apyjy

H.M.-'S.
T

'237

CTEPEOTHnAH nO'IETAK (TCp

MMH Y rroe3MjM: aaiije6a1C). YOOH'IajeH
Ha3MB 3a )1eo npBor CTHXa (Bmw uuje

y npC)1Hlby:
r\ajy ...

rA,jCKojH

npHnoBHje
H, M.-J;.

KpaJbCBHhy MapKo; JIujeuy Uleiily

iioUleiila MRllHua na3apOBHua); 3a 1\eo
CTHX (Soxe MU.aU t.tyoa aeJlUKoza), HJIH
3a HCKonHKO YBOnHHX CTHXOBa HapO)1
HC nCCMC (JOUl 30pUIja He 3a6ujeJlUAa,
HU OaHUlfa" .au/{a iioMOJlUAa... ); MO:lKe
)1a oy)1e H YBOp'Ha pcqeH~a npMllO
BCTKC RllH npCr\alba.
CTCPCOTHllHH nOqCUH 06HqHO HM~y
HcnocpCnHC BC3C ca canp:aCHHOM llCCMe
(B. ct>opMy.aa), amI MOry 6HTH H caMO
06pahalbe nCBaqa cnYIllaOUHMa, npH
BnaqClbC lbHXOBC na:lKlbC:

CTE(I)AH nElJAHCKH, cpnCKH

KpaJb 1321-1331, CHH KpaJba MHnYTH
Ha H OTm\ uapa nYIllaHa. I1oKYIllao )1a
36a1\H o1\a C npCCTOJIa, anH nOIllTO My
TO HHjC nOIllno 3a PYKOM, OTHIllao y
UapHrpan. I10CJIC OqCBe CMpTH on
6paTa npHrpa6HO KpaJbeBCKY Kpysy.
I106cnHO Eyrapc y 6Hl\H Ha Ben6Y:lKny
1331. AyUJaH ra jc 36a1\HO CnpeCTona H
3aTBopHo y 3Bc'laH, rne jc yMpO
HaCHnHOM cMphy.
Y MalbCM 6pojy cnCKHX HapOnHHX
nccaMa CCI'IYBaO cc nOMCH 0 lbCMy Kao
rpa)1HTCJI,y 3anY:lK6HHC, MaHaCTHpa
- EO:JKe MWlU Ha c6eMY iUu X6W1a.

nC'laHa (BYK II/36. 37). Y npyroj nOJI.

- 'lie ee OHO upuje 6eCelltUlO,

XIX B. 3a6cnc:lKCHC cy Y MCTOXHjH H

- Ajoe oueiU oa ce 6eCeJlUMO.

MaKC)10HHjH cnCKC nCCMC 0 rpaljClby

- nOwiUeH OvMaAUIle...

OBor MClHaCTHpa. 3a nCqaHCKOr cc

- BeceJlu ce OO.MaAUHe, 6eCeJlU iuu upu
BC3yjC H npHnOBC)J;HH MOTHB 0 nory6
jaiUetbu!

JbClby npaBC)1Ha 'loBeKa 3a qHjc nOMM

nOBalbC MOJIC MHorH KojHMa jc n06po
Y JIHPCKoj noc3HjH, pclje, 06HqHO.
'IMHHO (I>. I1cTpaHoBHh II/13).
npCnCTaBJbajy npBH nCO napaJICJIH3Ma,
p.n.

RllH 03HaKY MCCTa 36HBalba:

.:.. PaeJlo ap60 (6aOeM060).
- PaCJIo ap60 (iUOUOJl060).

CTE(I)AHOBH'B; CneTBCJIaB (1874

-1944),. neKap H nCCHHK. I1poyqaBaO
HaIllY HapOnHY' KlbH:lKCBHOCT, fiHTalbC
CTapOCTH H TCMa y onHOCY Ha npyre
cBponcKc, YCMCHC H cTapc nHcaHC
KlbH:lKCBHOCTH (CUiyouje 0, HapooHoj
t7.oe3I1ju, ~-II. 1934).
.

YBeK HMajy H3BCCHe CTHJICKo-KOM

n03HUHOHe BC3e ca Canp:lKHHOM neCMC
H npenCTaBJbajy cpCnCTBO HMnpOBH3al\Hje:

p.n,

CUiUaH KaMeH 09 KaMella,

3eJlell Jopa6al, 00 KOJlella,

CTOJAnHHOBH'B, MBJ1BQa Cpo

(1830-1878), pOMaHTH'IapCKH

npaiUuweMeoaza6epe~

KOlba

I10jaBJbyjy ce qeCTO Y npBOM nCJIY

CTHXa Kao 06pahalbe, Hnp. nCBoj1\H,
5HJbUH:

OJ,' oe60jKo,
Qj,

0YlbO AIOja
',pHa OKa
. jazlbe .IIia.JlO
jafjyKo, JeJleHUlW
.. . wape1!Ulcq.

3aBHCHO oil; BpCTC llpHllOBcnHe np03e,

CTCPCOTHnHH nOqCTaK ce llojaruhyje y
BC3H C noraljajcM, HnH Kao 03HaKa
BpCTC: y 6ajl\H: EHO jcnHoM jcnaH ...;

nCCHHK P0)10Jby6HBC noc3Hjc, 3HaqajH3

Kao KlbH:lKCBHOHCTOPHjCK3' nojaBa,
npBa cpncKa 'nccl;IHKHlba HOBHjcr BpC
MCHa; Y'lecHHK Y Ha1\HOHaJIHo-nOnH- '
TM',lKHM 36HBalbHMa ~Bora ~06a (1848),
Y n.Op,HPY H IIpi:mHcUH ca- HCTaKHyTHM.
caBpcMcH'"!UHM!'i (B.' Kapl'II.tHhc]d, !:bc
,'roIlleM,'KHc30M MijXaHJIOM, Jh.. HcHa~
AOBHhcM.1):.Paj~oBHhc.M, ayCTpHjCKHM
nCCHHKOM H npcBop,HOUCM HaIllHX Ha
P0r\HHX lIecaMa n. A. <ppaHKJIOM Ii
AP.). !:bCH nCCHH'IKH ")J;HCBHHK Y
ct>pyUlKOj ZOpll 1854, nopcn 3HaqajHc

238

KlbH)KCBHC BPCAHOCTH, )10HOCH 36HPKY

Hap0r\HHx nccaMa, npHnOBcT-IaKa H
ApyrHx YMOTBopHHa. Mcljy 3anHCHMa
Y.lCTY.l'IY ce JIenOTOM HeKOJIliKe 6aJIa):{e,
Kao H nHpcKc HapOP,Hc nCCMC; CBa
TOBCKC, nOCJ1CHH'IKC, cJ!ena'lKC H HeKC
06PCP,HC, 3aTHM HapOnHa npC)1alba 0
BpnHHqKoj KyJIH, qapalba, onHCH Hra
pa. EHJIa jc BYKOB capaAHHK, 6cJIc
)KHJIa jc 3a lbcra H CJlana My 3anHCC
CBaTOBCKHX, JIHPCKHX nccaMa H3 Cpc
Ma, 3aTHM HapOnHHX 6ajKH, 6acaHa H
HapOnHHX PCqH, Kao onHCC 06Jiqaja;
pa3)1aBana jc BYKOBC ornace H CKY
llJbaJIa npcTnnaTY 3a KH>Hrc. EHJIa jc y
npcnHcUH C BYKOBOM KhcPKOM MHHoM
BYKoMaHoBHh.

CpCMy, lia'IKoj 11 EaHaTY HapOT-lHC

nOCJIOBHI\e, npHnoBcTKc, HapOnHC

nCCMC, IIY'IKC npH'Ic H 3arOHCTKC.

1'mro je HaCTaJIa lbcrOBa 30HpKa Ha

pOnHHX rOBopHHX H3pa3a H nOCJIOBHQa

KOjy jc ot'5jaBHo A. JaKMh y 3arpe6y, a

nCCMC H npH'IC ca6HpaHc noCJlC 1834.

06jaBHo jc n01-l HacnOBOM: Ry'l.Ke

iipuiio611coKe II iljecMe, Y 3arpc6y

1867. HajBHIllc HX jc 3anHcao Y

KonaHHI~H, OTOKY, illaMUY, Epop.y,

KOMnCTHHl\HMa, Y CnaBoHHjH; 6cnc

:lKHO jc HMCHa nCBaqa H Ka3HBatia;

MY3H'IKH HX HHjc 3anHCHBao, anH jc

pC'IHMa 1I0KYIllilO )1a omUllcnCBalbC

nccaMa: HCKC CC, BCJIH, nCBajy

1I0MYlllKHM rn8coM, HCKC XHTPO, HJIH

OTC:lKytm, HCKH je HanCB CTapaqKH,

'lyp,aH H cn. I10HcIllToje MClbao

3anHcc, OC06HTO jC3HK. Capa!)HBao jc y

KYKYJbCBHhCBOM ApKHBY 3a nOBjcc

HHUY Jy:lKHHX CnaBCHa, 06jaaJbyjyhH

HaponHC nCCMC H OfiHCC 06Jiqaja, HIIp.

o 06Hqajy KOJIC)18 H p'p.

p,n.

CTOJAHOBH'B, JhyOOMHP (1860

1929), nOJIHTHqap H q:,RlloJIor, HCTO
pHqap, npoq:,ccop rHMHa3Hjc H BCJIHKC
IllKOJIC Y Ecorpany; npcp,CcnHHK
CprrcKc KlbH)KCBHC 3ap,pyrc (1892
1905), qJIaH H cCKpcTap CprrcKc aKa
nCMHjc HaYKa. 3HaqajaH My jc pan Ha
ca6HpalbY H p6jaaJbHBalby CTapHX cpn
CKHX nHcaHHX cnOMCHHKa, Kao H
tpoTOTHrrcKor H3p,alba MHpOCJlaBJbC
Bor jCBaHljeJba. Kao yqCHHK rHMHa3Hjc
, caKynHo jc HapO)1He nOCJIOBHUC Y
3arrap,Hoj Cp6HjH, a Y KacHHjcM pany
3aHHMaO cc 3a cKynJbalbC H H3naBalbC
HapOnHHX nCCaMa.
.
Haj3HaqajHHjH My jc pap, Ha H3yqaBalbY
. BYKa: )J(uaoiil u pao BYKa CiIieljJ.
Kapal,Ulha (1924). I1PHPCP,HO jc T3B.
I1PBO np:lKaBHO H3nalbC BYXOBiix ca6
paHHX ncmi (CpiicKe HapooHe ujecMe, I,
III-IX, 1891-1902; CPUCKU pjet.tHuK,
1898; BYKoaa iIpeiiuCJca, "Klb. I-VIl,
1907-1913), 3aTHM aHTOJIOrnjy CpuCJce
HapooHe jyfla'l.Ke ueCMe (1922, H3na.lbC
CAH-a). ca RllYCTpaUHjaMa jyroC,lH;>
BCHCKHX CJlHKapa.

p,n.

CTOJAH XAJnYK (npaa' nOJI. XIX

D.), C,rrCKH nCBa'I, ponOM H3 XCPQC

rOBI-IHC. BYK jc op, lbcra 3a6cnC:lKHO

HCKonHKO ncnHX rrccaMa 0 xajnyqKHM

. 6op6aMa, Kao H 'IYBCHY nccMY 0

~CHHp,6H ~paJba BYKaIllH1;la. Y MJIa
)10CTH jc 6HO xaj)1YK, n06ap jc n03
HaB8JIau 'cnCKC TpanHUHjc ca HCTOP.llj
CKOM TCMaTHKOM.
p.n.

CTOJH1iEBH1i. MBJ10Ill, aojDona

. npBor cpncKor YCTaHKa, 'H3 I1oQcpja;

. lbcrOB CTWIKH H paTHH'IKH y30p 6HO jc

MRllOIll 06HnHI1, KOjH jc no HapoP,Hoj

'TpaJlHUHjH TaKO!)C 6HO H3 I1oucpja.

OBor HCTClKHYTOr YCTaHWIKor 'paTHH~ .

Ka H BcnHKor jYHaKa OnCBaJIC cy 6po,

HC HapO}.lHC. rrCCMC (BYK I.V/30, 33, H

)1p.), Kao !Y1IlJlOUIQ 00 /Joqepja, "/Jo

'lep'la MIIJlOUl{1:. .

P.ll.

crOJAHOBim.,

MBjaT

(1818-='1881); .

ncp,aroIllKH'.H P,CqjH nHcaQ, yqHTCJb no

CJIaBoHHjH, nOCJlaHHK y XpBaTcKoM
ca60py, 1848. CKynJbao. jc BHIllC Op,'
TPH):\CCCT rop,HHa no CJIaBoHHjH,

239

Kpllaea My cafilba ()() fia~ljaKa,

()() paMeHll PYKa,

11 ()eclllII(!1

OC06HTO CC HCTaKao y 60jy Ha

MHIll8PY H 3aT.\06HO ca6Jby' KYJIHHa

Hanocao Serbian Grammar (1918) If

ElliJlecKY 'ipaMaUiuKY (1920). BasRo
ce KOMIIapaTHBHlfM npOY"iaBalbeM
HallUX Hap0/.iHUX necaMa, npe CBera
HCTOpOjOM IIpeBoljelba If peQeH3Hje Ha
aHrJIOCaKCOHcKOM, repMaHCKOM H
cppaHnycKoM je3H'IKOM nO,[lPY'l!jy, "ieMY
Ja CaM C apxa Ula6a'lKe Haxuje,

je IIOCBeTHO H ,[lpyrH ,[leo csoje KIbHre

Ha nOIl,epja, nOljepQlj MUJlOUlY,

Yugoslav Popular Ballads, Cambridge

KOO Ko'ia je ca610ll KYIIUHoaa;

1932. llpaH ,[leo KIbHre npeACTaBJba

cmapa Me ce Ha'illeOalla MajKa,

KIbH)KeBHOHcToPHjcKH IIpemeA HaIDe

Mllaoo'ia Me MajKa OJICeHUJla,

YCMeHe lloe3Hje (noceoHo necaMa 0

ajepHe CaM ce lby6e Halby6uo,

Kocosy) H lbeH O,[lHOC IIpeMa IDKOT

TYPCKUX CaM ce 'illaaa I-UlcjeKao,

~,{HM H eHrJIeCKOM oanaAaMa. llHcao 0

CaOM caM CplO' JlCelbY UCUYHUO

XaCaHarnHHQH, CKf, HC, 1925, KIb.

Ben He JlCa/lUM C8ujem iipoM'jeHUmU.

XIV; 110Hlt 1927, KIb. XXI,H yOillllTe 0

P. II.
CPIICKHM HapO,[lHHM IIeCMaMa y eHme
CKOj KIbO:>KeSHOCTH (ro,[lHIDIbOna Hq,
CTOJKOBHIi, CpeTa J. (y. 1929), oc
1928, XXXVII). llpoKa3yjyim qe,[lBH
TOpH'lap, npocpecop BeJIHKe IDKOJIe y
KOBO ,[leno, paCIIpaBJbaO 0 CTapHHH Ha
BeorpaAY. Basoo ce H KH>IDKeSHHM pa
llIe IIoe3Hje (CKf. 1937, HC, KIb. LI,
AOM H H3Aasao HapO,[lHY KH>IDKeSHOCT.
CS. 4, 5, 6).
Haj3Ha"iajHojo cy MY paAOBH: Kocoa
H.M.-B.
CKa euoueja (1901), XajoYK Be/bKo
KaIIeTaHa, KOjy je IIaCaO Ha cpaMOTY
TYPIUiMa. Y IIeCMO MIDIOm CTOjO
liesoo 0 Mexo Opynrnh (IV/32), TO
IIH'lHOj encKoj neCMH 0 H3a3HBalbY H
IIOAeJIO MernaHa, HapOAHO IIeBalI TO 0
OCTO"ie:

I
I

I Aalh ':134. 934A II 93n;

2 Aalh !N':I. 930. ':I30A. ':I31lU. 931
3 Yll. 4ajKallOl!l!h: CE3. XLI. 6p. 85. Gp. 196:
Jallop 11l1l2. lip. 49. erp. 1561: ApKIIB Kib. VII
11l63. crp. 21':1-221: Ban.alle!l. 6p. 6 II 7 II IIp.

IIOCTaJIO 3aBplllHH, am" 110 rJIaBHOr

jYJ'I'I!Ka cpehHH 'IIiH IIooe):\e H IIpaB,[le H
BeH'lalba ca cyljeHlfKoM.3
H.M.-'S.

(1905), ilociUaHaK U uopeK/lo llapoo

CY'BAJE (cyl}eIlH,..e). MOTonolllKa
HUX UecaM.a 0 Kpa/beauhy MapKY
oHlia (Haj'lellllie TpH :>KeHe) Koja IIO
(1921). 113,[lao je H ABe 30HpKe HapO,[l~
HapoAHoM BeposalbY .o,[lpeljyjy cYA
HHX necaMa: JlaaapulI,a (1903) 0 Hoaa
OHHY ,[leTeTa (npae, TPelie. HJlO ce}lMe
'Cp6ujaHKa (1927).
P.II.

CTPOXAJI, Py~OJ1cJl (1856-1936), CPH

JIOJIor; npesacxoAHo ce OaBOO H3y>Ia
salbeM AojaneKaTa, rnarOJbCKOM KH>O
)KeSHoIDhy (XpaaiUcKa zJlazo/bcKd
Klbuia, 1915) 0 O,[lHOCHMa HapOAHe 0
cTape KIbIDKeSHOCTH. 113,[lao MHore
CTape CIIOMeHHKe (BUHoooJlcKuaaKoH,
Uaf,iU acaKe M.YopociUu, CTape xpBaT
CKe anOKpHcpHe npO'le 11 n~reH,[le).
3Ha'lajHa MY.je AHjaneKaTcKa 30HpKa
Xpaai]:icKe HapaOHe upuuoauemice,
KIb.

I, PHjeKa, 1886; II-III, Kapnosan

1901,1904.
H.M.-D.

CYSQ.TD;Ii, .n:p~ryT~B (1887":1950)',

repMIDrnCT;. aHI'JmCT, AlIIInoaTa, oeo
rpa,[lCKO, MHHXeHCKH H OKCCPOPAcKH
ljaK, npocpecop cpncKoxpBaTCKOr je3H
Ka H KIbIDKeSHOCTH Ha JIO~OHCKOM
yHHBep3HTery.

Holm no poljelby). CaAPJKHHa HH3a

IIpe,[lalba l H mireH,llapHHX npllIlOBena:
Ka2 0 OBOj TeMH CBOAH ce Ha Y3aJIY.llHe
110KYlllaje H36eraBalba oCTsapelba
npope'JeHe CY,[l6HH:;:, Y npe,[laIbY, Hnp.
l~apeBoj KhepJi IIpOpetJeHa je cMpT OA
yjeAa 3MHje. Uap carpa,[lo ASOP OA
CTaKJIa. Ha cyljeHH AaH napeBa KM
'3aTpa)KH rp03,[l H3 Kora H31rlje 3Moja H
CMpTOHOCHO je yjeAe (BYK, CPUCKU
pje'lIlUK, 1852, Cybaje). AOK je Hey
. MHTHOCT. cYAoHHe ca TparH"iHHM Kpa
jeM Kao noeHToM y IIpe,[lalbY noce6Ho
HamallleHa, y nereH):IapHoj npH'JH cy y
cpeAoIDTY ,[lo:raljajH ~OjH HaH3MeHH"ilio.
oHeMoryliaBajy HJIH yop3asajy OCTsa
'peHje np0p.0lJaHCTBa (.oanalbe HOBO
.. poljeHor .,[leTe'i'a y SOAY H .lberOBO
cnacaBafue; rYOJbefi,e . HAeHTHTeTa.
jYHliKa H lberOBO npen03Hailme; nHca
Ibe nOCMa 0 jYHaKOBOM CMaKHYhy. H
npeIIpaSJbalbe CaAP:>KHHe nHCMa) - Aa
00 HcnYlbelbe IIpopetleHe CYAOHHe

240

241

T
TAJIE on oPAmIlA,

B. EYOalluHa

aa ce Ha npHMefbeHoj TeopHjH HHq,Op

MaU;Hje Koja >'pa3MaTpa CBojCTBa 06pa
3au;a KOjH cy Y U;lUbY npeHomelba H3ne
JheHH Y ceKBeHu;e 3aee6HHX je):IHHHu;a.
KaKO je 3a YMeTHOCT BIDKHa nopYKa
Koja nOnU3F1 11:3 u;enOBFlTHX o6pa3a
u;a, ca CCTeTCKe Ta'IKe rnenHIDTa
HOCHou;eM HH<p0pMau;Hje Tpe6a CMa

TpaTH YMeTHH'IKO neno caMo~ .

On noce6Hor 3Ha'Iaja 3a YCMeHy KlbFl

)KeBHoCT.ie 'IHlbeHHu;a na ce Ha H3BOPY,

npHJlHKOM caonWTaBalba HHq,0pMau;H

je YBeK nojaBJbyjy 6pojHe aJlTepHaTHBe

Kao jeAHaKo MoryIiHe. IleBa'lH HJlH

npFinOBena'm. HaFiMe. pacnonroK}' 60
raTHM <pOHj:\OM MOnena nOCTojehHX y
TpanHu;HjH.
.
B. YCMeHa KOMYHltKal,uja; MooeA.

Talle. .

TAMHH BHJIAET.

KynTypHOHC
TOPHjCKO npenalbe 0 u;apy KOjH ce,
nomaBnm C BOjCKOM Ha Kpaj CBeTa,
Hamao y Mpa'iHOM naBHpHHTy. CaBeT
H3 MpaKa: Ko OBOr KaMelba nOHeee
Kajalie ce, a KO He nOHece Kajahe ce

(BYK. Pje'l.HUlc). npenCTaBJba q,HHY

nCHXonomKY noeHTy npenalba. a nOTH

'Ie 11:3 pOMaHa 0 AneKCaHj:\PY BenHKOM.

KaMelbe 0 KOMe je pe'l 6WIO je, HaHMe,

nparo KaMelbe.

II'

~ i

H.M.-B.

TATOMHP. EnCKH jYHaK HapOnHHX

)1eCaMa 0 xajAYu;HMa, no TpanHu;HjH CHH
H ca60pau; CTapHHe HOBaKa.
B. XajoY'l.KeiiecMe.

H. M.-B.

P.Il.

ITollltleHcificKa iileopuja.

TAmYHAJbKE, B.l1e'l.je iiec.Me.

TEMA,.

I
I.

"

TEOPHJA 0 nOJIHfEHE3H;

IlpeMa neq,HHHIJ;HjFl IlepHja Fl.

JIopna , TeMa n o 6F1ja cneu;Hq,FI'IHO
3Ha'lelbe Kao YTBp~eHH CKJIon Jmeja.
KOjFl ce penOBHO nOHaBJba Y YCMeHOM
neBalbY H KOjH npe~CTaBJha OKOCHHIJ;y
q,a6yne 3a CTBapalbe HOBHX necaMa.
CaC'rojFl ce Fl3 HH3a '1BpCTO nOBe3aHHX
~HX' TeMa (Minor Themes): TaKo
ce Hnp., TeMa 0 nOBpaTlty jYHaKa ca:
CTojH on Y)KHX TeMa 0 CJlalbY rnaCHHKa,
nYTOBaH~Y, npepywaBalb}'" npen03HaBaFbY, HT):I. ~Ha'1e. 3Ha'lelba nojMa.
.He pa3JIFlKYjJ: ce on' OlmK. Koja ~ ce
'najy Y:TeopFljij IIHCaHe KlbFf)KeBHOCTllf. .'
.
.
H M.-"S.

TEOPHJA HHJ)OPMAIlH.JE.

IlpeY'IaBalbe noeTCKO-KOMYHHKaU;HOHor
CHCTeMa YCMeHe Kfull)KeBHOCTH 3aCHH-

.8

THn. Tep~FfH KOjH YBOn Fi reorpaq,CKD-FICTopFlJcKa. HJlFl q,HHcKa Me.TO):la

(B.) Y H3Y:'laBalbe HapOnHHX npmIOBenaKa. HUJ'Iewlie ~e Y TOM ~MHc.rry H
ynOTpet'in,aBa. IIpenCTaBJba npHnOBeT-.
KY Kao YCMeHy TBopeBHHy Koja caMO
CTaJlHO nocTojH H )KHBFI Y Tpa):lHu;HjH,
He3aBHCHU no .CBOM 3Ha'lelbY Y OnHOCY
Ha npyre npHIlOBeTKe. CaCTojFl ce H3
HH3a MOTHBa H lbHXOBHX penaTIiBHo
YCTaJhCHHX KOM6HHaU;Hja (TmI Ilene!byre. HTJ(.)'. ciJIH.'MO)Ke ce c~CTOjaTH ~ .
. Ii3 C'alltlO jenHor MOTHBa ("!lp. KJIHH
.-'19P6a)- 'TIin .ie Y iiCTO BpeMe HeKa
'apCTa . b6YXBaTHor. o6pacu;a,. q,a6yne
. CBFlX BapHjaJ;!aTa 3a Koje ce CMaTpa'):Ia
cy y reHCTH'IKoj Be3F1 FI na npOFICTH'lY
Ii3 3ajeAHH'IKe npaq,opMe (apxeTHna)
(a.). M)(ejoM 0 06.11HKOBalbY CFf)KejHe

243

OKOCHHue, THII IIoCTaje MOneJI H IIOK

JIaIIa ce C IIOjMOM CTpYKT}'pe.
l1HneKcoM THnOBa KOjH je YCTaHOBHO H
oojaBHo AapHe (Antti Aarne), a Kac
lillje npOlllHp"O TOMDCOH (Stith
Thompson), o6yxBaheHe cy eBponCKe
H 6JIHCKOHCTOqHe npHIIoBeTKe CBHX
BpcTa. CBaKH THn 03Ha'IeH je noce6
HHM 6pojeM. (Antti Aarne, Leitfaden

der Vergleichenden Miirchenfors

chung FFC N 13, Hamina 1913; Antti
Aarne - Stith Thompson, The types of
the Folktale, FFC N 184, Helsinki
1961).

H. M.-I>.

II
II

I,

TO,[\OP 0,[\ 3A,[\PA, HCTOPHjCKH

To~op KJla~IJHIi (llpyra nOJI. XVII B.),
YCKO'IKH jYH!1K 1f3 PaBHHX KOTapa.
I1CTIfl~a() ce y 60jesHMa npOTHB Typa
Ka. Je):lHa O}:l Haj3H(l'lajHHjHx necaMa je
() lberono.i )!{CHHn6H (BYK IIII24). 0
aCMY lieI'm II A. Ka.'lHh MHomHh.
Mcl)y cnUTOBIiMa HaJla3e ce CBl:! n03
HaTH YCKO'IKIl paTHHlI,H XVI H XVII B.
JeJ.\aH OJ! HajYCIlCJIHjHX enCKHX KaTaJIO
ra jYHaKH.

Be3Y C oerOM KOIIqHheM, 'nljH je

KMeT-q06aHHH 6HO H MeCTO Kora
H3JIa3H Ha Mer):laH. 3a MHjaTa ce Be3Y
jy If CTape errCKe TeMe 0 60POH ca
ApanHHoM; no IIeCMaMa mHe H3):1ajoM
HeBepHor KYMa KOjH ra II030Be, T060JK,
Ha r036y. OKO OBora jYHaKa H lberoBe
):IPY)!{HHe CTBapa ce Kpyr xaj):lyqKOr
neBalba, Kao HeKa BpCTa noce6Hor
lI,HKJIyca, HapOqHTO je OMHJheH y
3ananHoj BocHH H AaJIMa~HjH.

)!{HBatba. J(HBHHH30BaHH PHMCKH Qap

TpojaH, :3<\ 'JHje ce HMe OO3yjy pa3Ha
KYJITypHOHCTopHjcKa, JIOKaJIHa IIpe

)\aIb3 H npMnOBeTKe.

Y Hamoj TptmH

L(HjH, jcnaH npHIIOBe):lHIf CHJKe 0

TpojaHY. 3aKaCHeJlOM Jhy6aBHHKY KOjH
6eJKH on cyHua na ra He paCIIopH
(BYKOB Pje'lHllK), 6JIIDKH je'npe):lalbY;
npym, naK CHJKC (0 CKpHBeHHM K03jHM
YUJHMa) pa3BH.ia ce y 6ajKY.

B. MuD".

p.n.

H. M.-D.

TOllAJIOBl11i, MaTO (1812-1862),

KlbHJKeBHHK, KaTOJIH'IKH CBeIIITeHHK
IIO CpeMY H CJlaBoHHjH, pO):loJhy6 H
ca6Hpaq HapO):lHHX necaMa. mKOJlOBao
ce Y CpeMcKHM KapJIOBlI,HMa, Beqy a
ca lliTpocMajepoM y lleiliTH. llHcao
neCMe H npyra neJIa, H3}:1aBaO HaponHe
KaJIeH):Iape. BHo je npHjaTeJh ca
<ppaHoM K ypeJIQoM, 11. MaJKypaliH
heM, n. llpepa):lOBHheM. O. YTjemaHo
BHheM H ):Ip. CKynJhaO je HapOnHe
IIeCMe H o6jaBHo 36HpKY: Ta.M6ypawu
UIIUPCKU UIIuiiiu HapOOlle iijecMe iio
CllaeoHuju ca6palle, CB. I, OeHjeK,
1842. lleCMe je IIOneJIHO Ha JKeHCKe H'
MymKe. H y3 cBaKY IIecMY 3a6eJIeJKHO
on Kora jy je QYo HJIH ):I06HO. KOjoM ce
npHJIHKOM H KaKO neBana, lIITO coo
HMa 3Haqaja 3a npOY'IaBalbe 06H'Jaja H
JKHBOTa y CJIaBOHfKHM CeJIHMa.

TPOJAHOBM1i, CRMa (1862-1935),

cTHorpail, IIpoilecop YHHBep3HTeTa y
EcorpaJlY. nOKTop 6HOJlOmKHX HaYKa.
OCHIfBa'l ETHorpmpcKor My3eja. Y
CTHOJIOlllKHM pacnpaBaMa (rlla8Hu
Cpl1CKtI :JH:piiieeHLL o6u'l.aju, CE3 XVII,
1911. H BatTtpa y .1ICW30Wy U 06u'l.ajuMa
CpiiCK02 HapO()a. CE3, XLV. 1930)
H3HCO }(OCTa rpal)e. 3aHHMJhHBe 3a
TYMH'leH,c HeKHX HapOnHHX YMOTBO
pHHa.

p.n.

BeCeJIHH qajKaHoBHh npBH KO):l Hac

npHIIOBeTKe pa3BpCTaBa IIO AapHe
OBOM CHCTeMY (CE3, XLI, 1927).

I
;;

H.M.-n.

TO,[\OP 0,[\ CTAJIA1iA. EncKH jy

HaK IIecaMa KOjC oneBajy jYHaKe H
J\oral)ajc H3 BpCMeHa }:IeCIIOTa 'Bypl)a
EpaHKOBl1ha. JCAHa O}:l HajII03HarnjHx
nCC<lMa jc () )!(CHHJ\6H jYHaKa.

nmOJIOmKA TEOPMJA. BH):I

KOMIIapaTHBHor npHCT}'na YCMeHoj
p.n.
IabIDKeBHOCTH KOjH HCTHqe, HacynpOT
reHeTHqKHM Be3aMa, CJIH'IHOCTH OHHX
TOMMl1, .'08311 (1869-1932), HCTOPH
Klb~eBHHX OCTBapelba Koja ce Mel)y
'Hlp, je):laH on Huj60JhHX. II03HaBaJIall,a
C06HO He MOry reHeTH'IKH nOBe3aTH H
cpncKe IlCToPHjC XV-XVII. BeKa,
TYM?'IqH HX nO):lY):IapHOIuhy ):IpymTBe
npOY'IaB1me Ha OCHOBY apxHBcKe
H0--HCTOPHjCKHX YCJIOBa pa3BHTKa.
rpal)e H <lyTCH.1:'H'IHHX ):IOKYMeHaTa.
Mel)YHapO):lHH KyJITYPHH YTl:!Qaj l:!.
Pa):lHO jc HajBHme IIO apXIDlHMa FlTa
II03ajMHlI,e rrpH TOM ce He Hernpajy Beh
JIlije H c{>PUHl.iycKe. BHo je tlYrorol1H
ce IIOCTaBJhajy y OKBHpe KacHHjHx
ll)lbH ynpaBflHK HapO):lHe 6H6JIHOTeKe
36JIIDKaBalba HapO):la. rJIaBHl:! npe):l
Y BeorpalW. 'IJlaH CAHY.
CTaBHl:!K OBe TeOpl:!je je cOBjeTCKl:!
06jaBHo OKO 60 panOBa H3 HCTopHje:
HayqHHK BHKTOP )KnpMYHCKH (Eiiu
llpOY'wnao Hapb):lHY KlbIDKeBHOCT H
'I.eCKOe m~Op'l.eFmBO CllaBllllCKUX
AHO npap~>.QeHe CTY):IHje, OC06HTO 0
llapoooe U ap~6l1eMU cpaBlluiiiell'H020
~ncKoj HapoAHoj noe3HjH, H3YQaBajyhH
uaY'l.ellUll aiioca, MocKEa 1958), KOjl:!,
jc Ilpe~m I1C'fOPHjCKOj rpal)H. UeHTPan-.
6aBehH ceH HailiOM eIICKOM noe3Hjol'1, .
H11 . TeMa aeronor H3yqaBalba npe):l"
HerHpa KOMIIapaTHBHe rrpHCT]'ne M.
CTHBJha OJIHOC HCTopHje H HapO):lHe
XanaHCKOr, A. BajaHa, H. BaHameBH
lloe3Hje, ca HCTl1l1,aH)~M eBOJIYlI,Hje en
3aTHM. H B. llYTl:IJI'oIi, KOjH' y
CK0r nenaH,a Y 3aKOHHTOCTHMa pa3BO
IIopel)elbHMa ~apHjaHaTa Hame H'
ja Tpa}:lHl.\l1jj; II' KyJl1),PHHX 36HBalba.
pycKe IIoe3Hje BHnH ~cTe HCTOpHjcKe
r.n.
eTaIIe HapOnHor CTBapaJIamTBa (Py_
cku Ii IOJlC1l0CllaellllCKUU 2epOU'l.eCKUU
TOMHl1 Ml1jAT (MuxaT). Beo1>1a'
aiioc, MocK~a 1?71). THnOnpQlKHM
OMHJheH cnCKH jYHaK, xaj}:lY~ H3
.npHcTyn~a, . MeI)YTHM, M~ry .ce CMa
3ana):lHc BOI;HC. Jib :TPIl):lHll,HjH PO):l9M .
TpaTHdi .cBH OlfH KOMnapaTIDlHH MeTO
li3 rOpH,er :BpHlIIH,,HKay AYBalbcKoM
}:IH KOjH YO'I.aBajy CJIHqHOCT y' oIIlliTOj
. 1I0JhY; xapaM6ama npYJKHHe y KojOj je
Mel)YHapOnHoj 6amTHHH YCMeHe KlbH
HiljBehH jYHaK aerbB ceCTpHh, ):IHjeTe
JKeBHOCTH, H3}:1Bajajy lbeHe THIIHqHe
MapHjaH, KOjH KaoenCKH JIHK IIOl1
.O}:lJIHKe, rrpa06JIHKe, 3aje}:lHllqKe MO
ceha Ha xaj):lYK<I rpyjHQy HOBaKOBHha.
THBe H TeMe, Ha'lHHe nOCTojalba.
MHjaT ce 'JeCTO Y neCMaMa 110B0l1H Y

na;

.. 1

H. M.-'S.

1;'YJKBAJIMQA. (JIaT. nenia, .lessus).

ilpuCTapa 06pC):lHa necMa Kao caCTaB
HH nco MpTBa'lKor KYJITa. HaCTaJIa,
.. BcponaTHo. jOllJ y neplfo):ly ):IHBJha
llITBa, ona lIeCMa paHO CTHqe KapaK
TCpHCTH'lHe enCMeHTe H 3a):lp)!{aBa HX

):Iym HH3 neKona. OCHOBY IIeCMe qHHe

p.n.
nOXBaml H CIIOMCH. 3aTHM )KaJhelbe
nOKojHHKa. n03HBalbe ):Ia ce BpaTH,
TOllJIHQA MHJIAH. EncKH jYHaK
OTprne OA CMpnl y. BH}:Iy COKOJIa H CJI.
necaMa 0 KOCOBCKOM 6ojy, n06paTHM H
Kp03 neCMY .CC pa3roBapa' C IIOKOj
HHKOM K<lO ):Ia je )!{HB, aepyjyhH y
ca60pall, MHJIoilia 06HJIHha, HCTOPHj
CKH HeH):leHTHcpHKoBaH. l1Me je y ne
3arpo6HH. JKHBOT. yrryhyjy ce IIopYKe
CHHqKOj TpaAHiUijH H3Be):leHO npeMa.
yMPJIHM CPOAHHQHMa. y. Hamoj Y<:Me
pell,H Tonmru:H Koja ce YJIHBa .y Mo
Roj KlbH)!{CBHOCTH TYJK6aJIHQa je JIHP
CKa neCMa ca 3HaTHHM CBojCTBHMa
paBY; HapoA Bepyje 'Aa je Y TOM Kpajy
)!{HBe?, Ttl ra Ha3~Ba H TOIIJIHqaHllH.
ClICKe noc3Hje..Y je):lHoj' c~ rrpHJIHlI,H ..
p.n.
HMapoBH3yje neCMa YYCTaJheHHM Te

~iaTCKHM, nOe1'CJ<Q-H3p~ajHHM'H Mt;:T

'i:PA.nHUMJA. I}.llo.~eim U3,!ii~c~ ..

pWlltHt.i tiKBHpHM3. a O](HOCH ce caMO

'Ra O):lpel)eHO'YMpJIO' nH~e. llo OBOMe,

TYJK6aJIHi\a ce .Kao BpCTa H3):1Baja H3

TPOJAH. llpeMa MHTOJIOiliKHM TYMa

llHpCKHXHap0):lHHX necaMa Koje HMajy

qelbHMa, TPorJIaBO CJIOOOHCKO XTOHH

M3lbe HnH BHIIIe nocTojaH TeKCT.

qHO OOJKaHCTBO; IIpeMa pe3YJITaTHMa

BeUlTHHa TYJKClba ce yqH 0):1 MJIa

cpHJIOJlOmKHX KOMnapaTHBHHX HCTpa):IOCTH, He3aBHCHO 0):1 CMpTHHX CJIyqa

244

245

II!:
'I!
I:

jli
IIi,.I
II
II

il ~ .:

jeBa, nO):lpIDKaBalheM T}')Kelha CTapH

lIlyriae et civitate Sibellici (1487), ro
jHX iKeHa.
Bopelm 0 OOHtlajHMa CBora Kpaja,
Y c:aaKOM Hapo;ny HnH Kpajy noerojH
HCTH'IC !\I-1PJbHBC TY>KOanH~e Koje
o;npel)eH TlID TYiK0aJlHI.\e ca yCTaJbe
MaMe CY3e JbYIIHMa. I1YTollHc~ KOjH
HOM MeTpH"IKOM q,0PMOM, CTHXOBH
TOKOM XVI B. npona3c Kp03 Hamc
Ma--<popMynaMa H )lTBpljeHoM MenO):lH
KpajcBe (CTcq,aH fepnax, 1538; Ayrc
JOM. y:aeK TY>KHOM je):llWJIFI"IHOM FI
pHje BY30CK, 1582) CBC):IO"le 0 oOH"Iajy
OTcrHYTOM; CBC OBO nOMIDKe npH
HapHQafb!\ 3a MpTBHMa.
CTBapaIbY HOBHX necaMa. Ha cpn
Y HeKHM cc R<lIIlHM OOJIaCTHMa T}')Ke
cKoxpBaTCKOM je3HKY T}')Koamu~c cy.
Ihe paHHje H3ry6Hno, Kao Hnp. y Cno
OCHM Malher opoja ):IeceTepa"lK.HX (Ko;n
aeHHjH, rj~C cy cc nOli npKBeHHM yTHQa
l1amTpoBHha y ~PHOropCKOM npHMOp
jeM p831l1ma T3B. Clloaa, HeKa BpCTa
jy H HCTapCKHX "IaKaBa~a). BchHHOM y
xpHluhaHCKD-MOpanH3aTopCKHX neca
TpoxejcKoM OCMep~ c "ICTBopoeno
Ma y OCMCPQY C PHMOM, Koje ce Hohy
1J0pC;n yMpnor K~l3yjy. Y KpajeBHMa
>KHHM npcnCBOM, KOjHM CC anocrpo
naTpHjapxanHe KynTypHe 30He TYiKe
q,Hpa nOKojHHK H H3pIDKaBa oon. Y
IhC ce 38Hp>Kano AO HajHoBHjHX BpeMe
nOHeKHM oonaCTHMa HMa HX FI Y CTHxy
Ha, Hnp. y U;PHOj fOPH, XepQeroBHHH,
OA mcCT, ce):laM, ;nCBCT, HJIH ):IBaHaeCT
Hn KOCOl~y. y .IJ;anMaTHHCKoj 3aropH,
enorOBa. I1pFlneB je <IeCTO BC3aR anH
38THM y !~enOBHMa jyroHCTo<IHe Cp
TepaQHjOM H aCOHaHQoM 3a rnaBHH
(ilfje H MaKe):lOHHjc. Y nO;nPY"ljHMa r):Ie
CTHX, mTO YKa3yje Ha CTapHHY OBHX

je nOCne).lfbHX BCKOBa oHna 3HaTHa

nccaMa.

OOpOeH!! aKTHBHOCT cTHaoBHHlliTBa,

Y T}')KoanHQaMa ce HCKa3yje HCKpeHa

r):lC ce 'leCTO yMHpaJIO y CYKooHMa C

>KanOCT, anH OHe HMajy H KOHBeH

HenpHjaTCJbHMCl. jarlHo ce Hapo<IHTH

~HOHanHH KapaKTep, jepHX H3BO):le
TIm patIiHll'l1W-l7atIipujapXallHe illyJIC. jaBHO, He caMO pol)a~, Beh H npHjaTe
6olllllje, Koja jc YMHorOM CpO):lHa
JbH, cyce;nH, KOjH n)IT H noceOHO nocncKoj nCCMH.H..cHa jaBHa ynora H
3:aaHa nHl~a Aa OK HX CJ1:ymao "IHTaB
HAejHa YCMepcHoCT BCOMa jc Harna
cKyn JbY):lH. Haqj:,:H, MeCTO H BpeMc
mCHa. OnnaKHBafbe~i nOKojHHKa ena
TY>Kelha cy YCTaJbeHH, mTO ):IOnpHHOCH
BH ce fbCrOBa YJIora y 60pOH H HCTHqy
KOHBCH~OHaJiHOM KapaKTepy. TYiKc
Ha~HoH<lnH()-{)eno60):lHJIa"lKH H ):Ipym
IhC ce CXBaTa KaO HCKa BpCTa 00aBe3e
TBCHH HHcanH cpe;nHHC. OBaKaB ce
npCMa yMpnoM a ):Ia OH OHno mTO
Ha'IHH TY>KCfb8 IIPCHOCH Ha onnaKH
JIcnme, nOBepaBa ce BelliTHM ocoOaMa.
BalhC CBHX nOKojHHKa, a HC caMO jYHa- .
BYK KapaI,IHh cnOMHlhe oOH"Iaj npo
ia H pa'J'HHKa. HUp. y U;PHOj fOPH,
q,eCHOHanHor HapH~afba y KauJTcmi:
Ma, Kpaj CnnHTa. Y npomnOCTH, KO;n
HCTO'lHo.i Xep~croBHHH H y OKOnHHM
pa3HHX HapO):la Hap~anH CY.H JbY):IH
oOnaCTHMa. Y. KpajcnHMa r;ne CC BHIlIe
anH 3HaTHO "Iemhe caMO' >KCHC. Y
YMHpano npHpo;nHOM cMphy, TYiKoanH
111lujaou 3a norHHynHM XeKTopOM
Ila jc HMana npHcaH, nopO;nH"IHH Kapa
nO"lHIhY Hap~aTH MYmKap~H; y XVII
KTCP, Hnp. y MaKC):IOHHjH. BYKjc np~H
B.Mel)y CelhCKHM yCKo~a Hap~anH
. nYT oojaBHo 1835. T}')KoanHQc H3 BOKC
cy H MymKap~H; y HeKHM HamHM
KOTOPCKC, l1awTpoBH"fia H rpoJba, a
cnCKHM nCCMaMa nOMHfbe cc MYllIKO
enanH cy My HX BYK Bp"leBHh H BYK
TYiKeHie (BYKIII.80; IIII78). 0 OOH"I~jy .
I1pnoBHh. IbMCby ):IBa p'aTa CKYIIJbaO
HapHQafba HMaMO QllWTHjHX nO):laTaKa
. je H 06jaBJbHB<lO TY>KOanHQC HOBHQ8.
Y HaIr!"oj cp'e;nIboBCKoBHoj KIhIDf{CBHO
illaynHh.
liil)HOBlIje .. T)'~oanHQe,
K , HIrp. npH npeHOmelf>Y Te~a:KHe3a
BchHHOM'ca6paHe noene OBor.paTaY
JIa3apa y PaBaHH~. y. XV B. Y Cn1:lcH- . . Up~oj" rOpH, 'oojaBHo jc BYI\OMaH
Ma AY,opOBa"lKOr apXHBa nOMHIhY .ce . I,laKoBHh.
.
HapO;nHC T}')Koan~e; IlIHoeHcKH xyMa
. B. Haplll(Ol-be.
HHCTa Jypaj IIIH>KropHli y ):Ieny De situ
P. n.

c:r

246

\.

1i
AOMHwn)HH. HnH nY~KaCTH ):IOOpH'lHHa,
H 1'a):l8 yrnaBHoM nooe9yje 3ne CHJIe
(ljaBona, anc, ):IHBonc).

'B.EJIA ('B.eno).l Mna):lHh CHpoMalliaK

heJIaBe rnaBC. BHno ):Ia jc THn AOMH
mJbaHa (y HOBenH), HnH jYHaKa Ha 3Ma
jCBHTOM KOfbY KOjH nOCTajc ncn (y 6aj
~), YBCK noocl)yjc, ):IooHja pyKy l.(ape
Be KhcPH, H en.

H.M.-li.

I BYK. nplllllIHujeiiixe. Gp. 44. JIaJI( 3a omena

IlY: '1ajK<lllt)llllh. Op. 97. ~noco H yryPCy:l.

H. M.-1>.

I B. BYK. npuQollujeulKe. Gp, 52: 'IajKaHoBHh.

npUiiOl/eii"iKe. CE3 XU. Gp. 75.
'B.OPABA AH'BEJIMJA. JCAHO OA
HMeHa AeMOHa BeTpa H OJryjc, KOjH jc
OC3 je):lHOr OKa (no l!ajKaHoBHhy). 110
MHIhC ce Y HapO;nHHM nOCJIOBH~aMa.
H.M~li.

I.

'B.OPOBH'B., BJlaAHM~ (1885-1941),

HCTOpH"Iap H KfbH)KCBHH HCTOpH"Iap.
. JamhcB, JHPC"ICKOB H PemcTapoB baK,
):IOKTOp q,Hn030q,HjC', npoq,ccop YHH
BCp3HTCTa y Beorpa;ny H "IJIaH CAHY.
BaBHo cc O):lHOCHMa CTapc H Hapo):lHe
KIhH:lKCBHOCTH, HCTOPHjC H YCMcHe
Tpa):lHIJ.Hjc . H3):1ao 30HpKY CpucICe 1!a
pooHe ii.puii.oaeillKe, 1906; CTy):IHjc 113
HapOOHe 1Cl-bUJICe6HOcillu, 1913; 30HPKY
cpnCKC rpal)aHCKc JlHPHKC XVIII BCKa
(T. OCTOjHh-B. 'B0POBHh, CKA, 1926~
Ca. Caaa Y HapoOHOM tipeoal-bY, 1927.

'B.YI1PMJIH'B. BE3HP. MycnHMaH

CKH jYH<lK, oncn8HI Kao npHjaTCJb H
3acTynHHK BOIlIlhaKa KOA TypCKor
~apa, KOMC HX XnaJIH Kao HajoOJbC H
HajBcpHHje opaHHOQe OCMaHCKor
U;apCTBa, Y IlITa CC CYJITaH OcaC):IO"lH.
CaMO HMe IloCTaje CTajahe TaKO ):Ia CC
MO)KC 01l.HOCHTH H!t BCJIHKe BC3HpC H3
OBe. nOpOAHI\C (TypCKH KenpHnH):
MeXMe,f\<I. AXMC):I<l H MYCTaq,c, Koja cy
y ):Ipyroj lion. XVII B. jC):IaH 3a ):IpyI'HM
BO):lHJIH KtlH):IHjC'KH H OC<IKH paT.

'l!

H.M.-'!>.

l,.

.I K. Xcphlall. H''f)()()IIIJ iijecMe MYCJlUMQnCKe, Ca

pajcno. 1933: Klh. I. IlCCMa Op. 1 II 2, HTA.

'B.YPQMH, MnJlall (1880-1960), nec

HHK H nyOJIH~CT<l. CTY):IHpao jc rep.
MaHHCTHKY H cmlBHCTHKY y Bc"IY ():IH
cepTa~ja Das serbishe Volkslied in
de,. deutscltefl Literatur, 1905, H ):IO):la

H. M.-'!>.

'B.OCO. ('B.oca). 'BOcaBH nO):lBanaJ,IHja

Hco;npel)cHe cTapocTH, Kora ynpKOC.
IbCrOBHt-f ):IYXOBHTHM ):IOMHlliJbaTOCTH
Ma, OOH"IHO HCKO npcBapH ('iqK H ):IC
.Te). JIHK MY jc KOH~nHpaH Kao HCKa
Bpera ycraJbCHOr H3a3HBa"la KOjH "Imm
):Ia 60Jbc ,f\0ge ):10 H3proiaja ):IOMHlliJba.
TOCTfbcrOBor npOTHBHHKa.1 HeifaTHB
HOCT IhcrOBor JIHKa TYMa"lH cc HCTpnc
JbHBowhy npCMa ypoljCHoj MaHH.
Maoro pcl)c, 'Boca jc n03HTHBHH
247

TaK netTiocutQuHtl (CpUCICU) illpoxej,

CKf (XV/1905). Y 3arpc6y jc H3):1aBaO
'IaCOIJHC HoBa EBpona (i920-1941),
KOjH jc, IIOBOAOM rCTeOBor jyoHJIeja
1932; ):IOHCO 3H<l'I<ljHe npHnore 0 Hamoj
Hap9;nHoj KfbH>KeBHOCTH, npcB0gelhY H
'IhCHHM' oA.ie~HMa Y HCMa"lKoj Ka.IDKCB
HOCTH. 0 XacaHamHH~H; 0 oBOj je oa~
JI8):1H'H caM nHcao (Xacil1iazUHU1cO:'Y
:Hapooy, Hooa Enp6ria, 1932; xXv'.
3-4, 119-130; l1uiiluMHa fio3aouHIl
reii1eo6e' ilpepaoe XacaHaiuHUl4e,'
Pa):l JA3Y, 1955. KIh. 304, 81-104).

p.n.

'[

YrJbEmA.

B. MpfbaB'I,eBUliu.

YTPlPIUnH, OMHJbeHH aHTHTypCKH

paTHHQH 1'13 YrapCKe y ,npyroj lion. XV
B.: CH6mbaHHH JaHKO, ceCTpHh CeKY
na, CBHnojeBHh MHXaHJlO; HCTOpHjCKH
II03HaTe nH'IHOCTH. 0 I:bHMa IIeBajy H
6yrapmTHQe H ,neceTepa'iKe IIeCMe.
p.n.

YJJ.6HHA. EIICKH nOKaJIHTeT y KOMe

CTonyjy KpajHmKH MYCJlHMaHCKH jYHa
QH: Myjo H XanHn XpfbHQa, Myc
Taj-6er JIH'IKH 1'1 ):lpyrn. ~eCTo MeCTO
cYK06a ca YCKOQHMa 1'13 PaBHHX KOTa
pa.
p.n.

Y3H'BHBAfbE IKHBOr 6H'B.A Y

A 'BEBHHE. iIpaCTapa
TEMEJbE

rp

MarHjcKa 1'1 KynTHa TeMa 0 )KpTBoBafbY

pa):lH YCliemFie rpa):lfbe; Koje je II03Ha
TO MHneHHjYMHMa npe Hame epe. 06
nHKyje ce y rrpe):lafbe, nHpcKY, errcKY
IIecMY H 6ana):ly - H TO Y OKBHPY pa3nH- .
'IHTHX CH)KejHHX CKJlOrrOBa, y3 OCHOBHO
BepOBafbe y ,nYXOBC rrOKpoBwteJbe.
Bepo,nOCTojHa Ka3HBafba 0 IIojaBJbH
BafbY ,nyxa' Y3H,naHor 6Hha CTBapajy
-rpylly' rrpe,nafba 0 ):lO)KHBJbajHMa
rrojC):lHHaQa: OHa cy Haj6nH)Ka BepOB~:
fbHMa, BC3yjy ce 3a O):lpetieHa MeCTa
(MOCTOBH Ha MopaBH, Ha .!l;PHMY, Ha
~eTepHHQH, Ha .!l;PHHH)r'leCTO IiMcFio- ..
BaHH, Y3H):laHH ,nYXOBH ce ,nOBHKyjy Ka):l
ce pojaBH. HeKa OIIaCHOCT: khpa3HTa :
liM je ym;>ra 'Iy~apa r:paljeBHHe.
....
.ll;pyra rpyna IIpC}lafba liMa 3a OCHOBHH
MOTHB caM 'IHH y3HtiHBafba. To cy'
Haj'lemhe rOTOBe <i>a6ynaTe, Be3aHe 3a
O):lpei)eHe nOKamfTeTe. Y fbHMa ce
MO)Ke YO'!HTH rrpepaCTafbe H3BopHor

249

}lorai)aja y BepO):lOCTojHY MaIlITOBH

TO npoulHpeHy npH'ly.

Tpa,nHl\Hja 0 Y3HtiHBafbY )KHBHX 6Hha c

pa3sHjeHoM a6ynoM HMa Ha HaweM

1I0):lPY'ljy yrnaBHoM ):lBa HajBa)KHHja

BHAa, 1'1 TO Y CTHXOBaHOM 06nHKY: 0

rpatieBHHH (MOC'fY) '!Hje ce pymefbe

cnpc'laBa Y3Hi)HnufbeM )".IeQe 1'1 )".IapH

nUfbeM peKe H 0 y3Hi)HBafby PY'IKOHO

me. 06a BH)".In HMajy ):lBa ):lena a6yne:

3H):lafbe Koje ce HerrpeCTaHo PYU!H H

Y3HljHBafbe nocne Kora rpaljeBHHa

oCTaje. IIoBe3yjy ce crrojHIiM eneMeH

TOM nojane CUHeTO):laBQa H CJleljefbeM

fberoBHx CaBeT1l. TeWKohe OKO 3HAa

fba ca CIl0jHHM eneMeHTOM KojH rrOCTa

je H 3anplllHH, lIoce6HO cy pa3BHjeHe y

rpyrrH mipHjaHaTH 0 3H):lafbY MOCTOBa..

MumjcKo-o6pCAHe OCHOBe Tpa,nHQHje

y fbHMa MHoro cy 6mIlKe np03HHM Ba

pHjaHTaMll. rnaBHH rrpe,nCTaBHHK DBe .

rpyrre 6Hnu 6H rreCMa 0 3H):lafbY hyrrpH

je y. BHlUerpa)".ly,1 Koja je rrOCJlY)KHna

KUO HHCIIHPal\HjU )".Icny HBe AH):lpHha.

3~):lafbe Ha .!l;PHHH hyrrpHje, .KOj(l

Hapetiyje MCXMC)".I-rrawa. Crrpe'laBa

peKU: .!l;a je ;roBap )".10 TOBapa 6nara I

jCABU 6H ce rpa].tima l1yrrpHja; a 3aTHM

1'1 BHna.

Y3any)".l 6Hj.e HeH~ap c~or BpaHl~a

TpOCTPYKOM KaMI.!HjoM, )".Ia GKywa je

n' KonHJ<a .!l;pHHa.

lft-trWAI Hl'lIHUlI IIlI cyx/J UCKO'IU

J1 wme("/: (JjeA/JipAY IlIIAY,

Py;.:u joj n.' KIJ"U IJUUHIIAU

BjJlIHIJY k0I-l.'Y IJI;IJ

iipIllIX

HO?'Y.:

lIo BHnHHOM cuse'ry, y MOCT yrpaI)yjy.

6nH3aHQC ca CHM60JIH'IHHM HMeHHMa: .
CTOjy H OCTOjy: Ii Haj3a):l YKpOTe .!l;PH
Hy MyTHy H KpaaBy
rrpeceKaBWH
SHTKy OMOpHKy Koja 3aJbYJba rpalje

BHHY. lh OMopHKe llIHKJha KpB H He

llITO nporoBapa;
Ocum oaHac Ha llpuHu liyupuja,
Ocii.1a oaH.lJc, ocum 00 6ujeKQ.

YPBHHA. Ha3HB 3a llJlaHHHY Ha KO

no IICCMH, yMHpe Kpan,eBHh Map
KO (y 60jy npOTHB BJlallIKe BojcKe).
- - HMe HaCTano HapO):lHOM eTHMOnOrH
JOM IIpeMa MeCTY lIorn6Hje, Ha POBH
HaMa, 1395.

TIecHH'IKa nereIma 0 PY'lKOHOllIH HMa

MHoro ja'lY eMOTHBHY noeHTy, Koja
YMalbyje 3Ha'laj npB06HTHe 06peA
HQ-MarnjcKe OCHOBe OBe TpaAHQHje H
MaAa je '1HH Y3H1)HBalba y lbeHOM
cpeAHlIIry, rnaBHO 3aHHMalbe je npeHe
ceHO Ha TparH'IHy CYA6HHY MnaAe
:lKeHe H lbeHor My:lKa. TIpej:\CTaBHHKoM
OBe rpyne BapHjaHaTa MO:lKe ce CMa
TpaTH neCMa H3 BYKOBe 36HpKe
3HAalbe CKaApa, Koja ce jeAHHo KOA
Cp6a 1I0jaBn,yje Kao THIIH'lHa elICKa
lIeCMa a KOA CBHX OCTanHX 6anKaHcKHX
HapOAa Kao 6anaAa. 2
Y HayWl je ll03HaTO Aa ce cpa6yna 0
Y3HAaHoj py'tKOHOllIH Be3ana 3a
CKaAap HaKHaAHo, a BYKOBa lIITaM
llaHa BapHjaHTa HMana IIpeBaCXOAHH
YTHu;aj Ha BellHHY HOBHjHX. BehHHa
lIeCaMa H3 MaTHu;e xpBaTCKe ry6H
ellCKe OAnHKe, HaKO 3aAp:lKaBa OCHOB
HY epa6yny. MycnHMaHCKa BapHjaHTa
Ao6Hja lIoce6aH nOKanHH KonopHT. Y
nereHAapHO HHTOHHpaHHM llpHMepll
Ma, xpHlllhaHCK<1' '1YAO TpHjYMcpyje y
CBOjOj KOHu;enWljH 6ecMpTHoCTH '10Be
KOBe AYllIe, Te 'teCTO Eor HnH Eoro
pOAHu;a 1I0pYIIIe rpaj:\ Aa 6H H3ByKnH
IIpaBenHY :lKeHY a Ka3HHnH HelIpaBny
lbeHe llOponHu;e,
Y nMpCKHM lleCMaMa, TeMa.ce CBOAH Ha
H3nHH. n,y6aBH H :lKen,y Aa ce Kp03
OCTaBn,eHe OTBope rneAa Bon,eHO
6Hhe, ,
H.M.-'S:

P.II.

YPom (1355-1371), cpnCKH uap, CHH

H HacneAHHK uapa ,n:ymaHa, llocnenlbH
Bnallap H3 n03e HeMalbHha, on Kora cy
ce OAMeTHynH MohHH cpeynan~H Mp
l:baB'IeBHhH, EaJlIllHhH H ,n:ejaHoBHhH.
Y ellcKoj HapoJ(Hoj TpanHIJ;HjH OlleBaH
KUO HejaKo lleTe Kora ,n:YllIaH Ha caMp
TH llonepana BYKanIHHY MplbaB'IeBH
hy, Aa MY 0YAe cTapaTen, 1:1 Aa ynpaBn,a
3eMn,OM, 1l0K YpOIII He OApaCTe. TIo
HeKHM je lleCMaM,] BYKaillHH yjaK, a
tlellIhc KYM YpOllIen; KaA YpOllI
OApaCTe, BYKaIIIHH ra llOBeAe y nOB H
KOA je3cpa Hall BO):lOM ra y6Hja. TIo
HapoAHoj TpaAHUHjH H B)'KallIHH rHHe
0):1 PYKe cnora cnyre (Xpcoja, Apcoja,
HHKonc), y 'mcy KaA ce HaA H3BOP
HarHe lla llHjc nOlle. Hajll03HaTHja
neCMa (n. YpOlIt !t' Mplba6'le6unu)
nena 0 cYK06y l\apa Ypoiua H senH
KaIlla OKO l\apCTUa; Kpan,eBHh MapKO
3aCTYlla IIpaBO nernTHMHTeTa, llpecy
;l\H13llIH I\<l Ha Ypomy oCTaje qapCTBO.
B. Mplbtl6te6unli. .

llOMMl:be y CPllCKOj ellcKoj lloe3HjH lbeH

OAHOC npeMa CliHY. IheHHM caBeTOM je
HCTaKHYTa eTH'lKQ-BaCllHTHa ynora
MajKe y rraTpHjapxanHoM j:\pyillTBy:
HeMoj, CUHe, iOBOpuii.1u KPUBO,
Hu ito 6a6y HU ito cii.1pU'leeUMa,
Beli uo upaeuu Soia ucii.1uHoia!
HeMoj, cune, U3'ly6uii.1u oyUle:
SOlbe ii.1u je uaiy6!lii.1u 'lAaey,
Heio C60jy oip'jeUluii.1u oywy!

Y 3aBpllIHOM ):Ieny lleCMe, Kp03 BYKa

illHHOBY KneTBY H YpOllIeB 6narocnoB,
HCKa3aHO je HapoAHO ll03Hanalbe Map
KOBe H MCTopHjcKe Ii ellCKe 6HorpacpH
je. TIeCMY je BYK 3arrHcao OA CTapua
PallIKa. CTHXOBH KojHMa MajKa caBery
je MapKa :lKHBe y HapOAY y nocnoBu
'IKOj ynOTpe6H.
'

p.rr.

llecaMa, Haj6pojHHjH y HallIoj emu.'\H.

TIonYJlapHOCT CClhCKHX YCKOKa AOnpH
HeJia je npou;ecy elICKor 06nHKOBalba
nHKOBa Mnai)Hx YCKO'IKHX oopaua H3
PaBHHx KOTapa. EpojHe enCKe neCMe 0
YCKOUHMa oHne cy nonynapHe, KaKO y
3anaAHHM KpajesHMa HallIe 3eMn,e y
,n:anMaUHjH, 3allaAHoj EOCHH, ITHUH,
HCTO TaKO y XepuerOBHHH H U;PHOj
fopH, CBe AO Kpaja XIX B. a lbHMa
neBajy H MHore MycnHMaHcKe neCMe.
Y cTapHjcM cJlojy YCKO'lKHX necaMa,
Koje cy HUCTajune y6p30 nocne Aora
Ijaja, oopoa YCKOKa H lbHXOBH OAHOCH
.npHKa3aHH cy BepHHje HCTOPHjCKHM
30HBalbHMa. Y HOBHjHM neCMaMa, OCa
OHTO C llOtl. XIX B., ellCKOM H):IeanH
3aWljoM YCKOK je I10CTao npBeHCTBeHO
ClHTHryPCKH 60pau, H Kao TaKaB ce H
cnaBH. 30HBalba H3 lbHXOBa )KUBOTa,
Mer):laHH, OTMliue, paCKOillHO PYXO M
op}')Kje, I10CTajy y OBOM Kpyry necaMa
YCTan,eHH MOTliBH 1:1 enCKI:I YCTaJbeHe
cpoPMYnc, a 3a HajllonYJlapHHje JIH'IHO
CTH Be3yjy CC H HHTepHaUHOHanHI:I
enCKH MOTHBH, Hllp. CeHKOBlih HBO H
ara 0):1 PH6HHKa, MOTHB J(B060ja
Ae'JaKaH 3pena paTHHKa; PonCTno
JaHKOBHhu CTojaHa, MOTHB 0 My:lKy
Ha cnaAou CBOjC )KeHe, H ):Ip. .

uenHKalll<l, 6pahe MplbaB'IeBHlia, Kpa

fua BYKaIllHHa, AecrrOTa Yrn,ellIe H
nojBone fojKa, C l\apeM YpollIeM OKO
l\apCTBa. Ha llOn,y KOCOBY caCTana ce
tleTlipH 'I'<16ol'a; Aa llpecYAH coop, cB'a .
tleTBoplfl~a llIan,y rn.aCHHK~, OrlbeHe
tIaYllIe, npoTonollY HeAen,KY, Y.Kora
1 K. Xep~aH. I; EpJlun'iencKu PYKoiiuc; Gp. 155;
cy KlbHre cTapoc:raBHe, a OH HX
3lITHM sapHjilHTe: fie1'paHOIlHh. iII; MX I H.111,
yrryhyje:
Kpan,eimhy MapKY,. KojH je
. ' HTIl
KOA uapa I1HCap 6HO. <;:a c~HcnOM 3a
2,llBa 3a .<ma HajerapHja 3anHca npHnanajy BYKY

llCHxonOIllKO .cHHMa~e. JbY):lCKOr [lOHa-

OellaH '01( erapna PaWKa, npyrH' H3 Upne

. lIJalbn; Y'nec'MH je H3HeT .OCHOH OAHOC
. rope). OciaJtc sapHjaHTc (Fr. Knius, Millheil
. rnaCHHKa npeMa npoTollony, a 3aTHM
ungen, XVII, 1887; MX, pKn. tip. 177, IIuCMap
rrOKOpH() KJlalhalbe npen MapKoM.
napoOnu Amc Ana'leBHha; M. 6yGano Kop
lI.yaalU, CHfi. II; MX I H sapHjaHTe; MX V
CBeTao nHK lleCMe je JeBpOCHMa,
HTIl).
MajKa MapKa Kpan,eBHha; '1eCTO ce

YCKO'IKE nECME. EllCKe HapOAHe

lleCMe y ):IeCeTepl.'lY Koje ollesajy non
BHre H noraljaje' YCKO'lKHX 60p6H.
TIo'leB OJ( Kpaja XV B., c;TaHOBHHlIITno
llOKopeHHX KpajeBa YCKa'le y npHMOp
je, H;a TepHTOpHjy KOjy ):Ip:lKe AyCTpHja
H MneWl, H y OpraHI:I30BaHHM a~a
Ma 'leTa BpillH Harraj:\e Ha rypCKy rpa
HH'l~ o6J1aCT. ana YCKo'lKa 'IeTOBalba .
p.n.
Tpajy, C npeKHjlHMa, jlna BeKa H npeA~
CTaBn,ajy oc06Hry npcry xaj):lytlHje '1M- .. YCKPmlhE (BEJIHr,n:AHCKE) 1IE
ja paTon8lba llOjl oApeljeHHM ycnoBHMa
CME. JIHpcKe, 06peAHe KaneHAapCKe
. ,ll~ajy jeJ(aH BHll llpHBpe1)HBalba.
neCMe: TIcnajy cc llpBor H'Apyror AaHa
Y XVI B. YCKO'IKH ueHTap je IUIHc,
Y CKpca. CJlaBe 6Y.1)elbe llpHpoAe, H3
,nOTOM Celb, Ha TJlY AYCTpHje. l:bHXoBa
pa)Kaaajy A06pe :lKen,e 3a 11.1l0AHOCT H.
paToBalba H IIOABH3H llpeHoce HM
cpehy: ,n:OJleTe 'lenKa OA 60ra Ka3yje
cnaBY H ynliBajy CTpax caBpeMeHHU;H
Jlero 6oraTo... Y HeKHM' KpajeBHMa
Ma. EllcKe HapoAHe lleCMe oneBajy Ce
MJlaAe HcneCTe HX neBajy y KOJlY,
lbaHHHa HBY, TaAHjy, JypHWY BOjBOAY,
AajyhH cnHKy C130r )KH~OTa y HOBOM
6pahy naHHtlMhe. Y APyroinon. XVII
pOJ:\Y:
B. Aenyje Apyra rpyna YCKoKa y PaB
H.M.-D.
HHM KOrapHMa, OKD 3aApa l:I IIIH6eHH-.
Ka, ,Ha TepHToplijli. MneTa'l!'e' PellY.YCMEHA KIhHIKEBHOcr, n. Ha
6nH~e. M.eljy lbHMa I10cTajy enCKH
KlbiL1ICe6Hf)CiIi..
.
llonyJIapmf jYHa,uH: JaHKo MHTPOBlm,
l:ber~}B CHB. CTojaH JI1HKOimh, BYK'
MaImYillHh; HnHja CMHn,aHHh, JOBaH
YCMEHA KOMYHIlKAu;HJA. TIo
jaM KOjH ce llocneAlbl:lX rO):ll:lHa y
IIIa8AHh, Ii Ap.,
HOBOj cpOJIKnOpHcTHWl; aMepH'lKoj,
Y HapoAHoj lloe3HjH OBe cy ABe rpyne
PYCKOj, HeMa'IKoj, CBe Bl:IllIe ynOTpe
npeMeHCKH cnojeHe H '1HHe jeAaH Kpyr

250

251

p.n.

YPom H MPIhAB'lEBHliH. EllCKa

HapOllHa neCMa (BYK 11133) o CIlOpelby

pooml'

03Ha"IH npo~ec npHpO~Hor.

HCKa3HBaffia YCMeHe
YMeTHH'IKe TBopeBHHe Y MaJlHM rpyna
Ma, Y np03H HJIH Y CTHxy, HacynpoT
nOCMaTpaffiY YCMeHor YMeTHH'IKor
]:\eJIa, aHOHHMHOr, KOJleKTHBHOr, Kao
rOTOBor 06J1HKOBaHOr OCTBapeffia ca
Mor no ce6H HJIH Y OKBHpy BpCTe. TIPH
TOM ce noce6aH HarJlaCaK CTaBJha Ha
OIlHOC Ka3HBa'la H CJIYIllaJIa~a, KOjH
Henocpe~HO yTH'IY Ha CTBapaffie H Ha
6JhaBa

~a

Henocpe~Hor

o~BHjaffie npo~eca HHTepnpeTa~Hje,

caMHM TlIM H Ha npOMeHJhHBOCT YCMe

Hor ~eJla. Y CMeHa TBopeBHHa ce no
CMaTpa Kao ~BojcTBeHoCT TeKCTa H
BaHTeKCTOBHHX eJleMeHaTa~ oCTBapH
!3affia H OCTBapeffia y TOKY Heno
cpellHor HaCTajaffia, Y TpajaffiY BpeMe
Ha c~aIllffier, H3EaH Canp:)KHHCKH YT
Bp~eHor. TIocMaTPaH y YHK~OHaJI
Ho-~pYIllTBeHOM HJIH nCHXOJlOIllKOM
KOHTeKCTY, yrJlaBHOM Y OKBHpY MaJIHX
rpyna, nojaM YCMeHe TBOpeBHHe ce
y]:\aJhyje on KJlaCH"IHOr ecreTH'IKo
-KffiIDKeBHor npHJIa3a .CnojHa KapHKa
oCTaje YMeTHH"IKO Bep6aJIHO H3pa:lKa
Baffie YCMeHHM nyTeM, aJIH Ha TP~H
~OHaJiaH Ha'IHH. 360PHHK Folklore
and Oral Communication nOCBeTHO je
np06J1eMY npoY"IaBaffia OJlKJlopa ca
CTaHOBHIllTa KOMY~Kawije H3BaHpe~
HH CBe3aK Hapo]:\He YMjeTHocTH,
3arpe6 1981 (xpBaTcKocpncKH npeBo]:\

1982).
H.M.-D.
YCnABAHKE. BeoMa CTape JlHpCKe
o6penHe neCMe, 3aCH9BaHe. Ha MarujH
pe"IH, H~' aHHMHCTH"I~OM H aHHMa.
THCTH'IKOM norJleny Ha CBeT, Ha paBHQ
Te:lKH CHa H HecaHH~e. YnyheHe neTe
!I'Y, TPe6a .na ra "IYBajy. o~ >>'HecaHa,
aJIH H na ra'IllTHTe Y cay. TIo BepOBarbY
.' riPH~HTHBHor <ioBe~a:,. cna!lalbe 'je
CMpT y M'0QMe, y.cay ceo npJtspeMeHo'
o]:\Baja '~yirra' on TeJla: CaHaK H~e Y3'
yJlH~, BOAH JOBa 3a py"IH~, caHaK
JOBY mBopame: 'XOnH, JOBO, y 6eIllH
KY'... Pe'IHMa Tpe6a y jiCTO BpeM~

YKJlOHHTM HCC<1H (HecaHH~Y), aJlH

TaKO ]:\a CC MO:lKe nOHOBO BpaTHTH 6y
beffieM: HeCaH<1 TM BOlla ollHHjeJla I
!:;e'HO HeMa ByKCl HM 6aYKa.
MaJl06pojHe. y OB<lKBOM apXaH'JHOM
06J1HKY, ycnallaHKe KopHCTe pe"IH
6aCMe. nOHeKaA rOBope 0 "IynoTBOp
HOM neTWlheM pobeH.y:ys nOMOB 6uJha
Ka. :lKHBOTHffiU. H<1Tnpupo]:\HHX 6HBa.
MHoro 'lclIlhe Kao nOpO~H'IHe neCMe,
ycmlBaHKC cy HcnYffieHe pe8J1HCTH"I
KHM, nOCTCKH 06J1MKOB8HHM BH3H)a"Ma
o 6ynyhiloCTH l{CTCTa, S8MHIllJhaffieM
CHHa Kao MJI<11~O}KCffie H p8THHKa ca
COKOJlOM, l~oC'rojHor napeBe KBepH.
OBe BH3HjC cy npOTKaHe OPMYJlHHM
1I0eTCKHM CHHTarM<1Ma 0 nayay 3J1a
TOllepy, CJlaByjy, () jarffieTY H llHJIeTY.
Kao yBOI~HH nCKOp, noce6HO je pa3BH
.ieH<l CJlHKa nparOl(CHe neTHffie KOJleB
KC, KOjy cy y MrpM KyjYHI.lHje CKOBaJIe
on cpe6pa, 3mITH, YKpaIlleHe IlparuM
K<1MeffiCM U 6UCCpOM. .
HOBHjU 3anMCH lIoKa3yjy ~eIllaffie'
ycnaBaHKM C ApyrHM BpCTaMa JlHpCKe
lloe3uje. .
H.M.-D.

YCYJ].. npacTapo 60)J{aHcTBo' Koje

()IlPcbyjc "IOBCKOBY Cy~6HHy npeMa
llaHY ffieroBor po!:;effia. TIoMHffie ce y
CBHM BpCTaMa' HapOnHe TpanHnHje.
Y.M~THHH!<H je Y06J1H'I.eHO Y HaponHoj
l Koja HMa napaJIeJlY Y
.IIPH'IH
cpenffiOBcKoBHoj npHnOBenH Bpa'l~.
cpnCKe pCAaKI~H.ie XVI B. TeMaTcKa
erpYKTypa Y 06e npH'Ie OPMHpa- ce
O)lJla:lKeffieM cYll6HHOM 06eJle:lKeHOr
'IOBeKa Oil Y CYlla miH Bpa"Ia, on KOjHX
1l06Hja Olll'OBOpe Ha cooja nHTaffia H
peIlleffia 3a CBOjc H ~e HeBOJhe. .u;OK
je y cpellffioBeKoBHoj np~nOBe~ HSJla~
y nOIllToBaffiY.'xpHIllhaHc~ 3aKoHa! y
. HapOll!loj 1I0Jla3H no H3pa:lKaja npIll1:Q
.Baffie ofiH'lajHor. MOpaJla, y3 nOCTa aHH
.. M~CTH'!KHx)~eTaJbil.. .:
. . '.
.

Yc.vo

H.M.-D.

I BYK. l1pIII'''''''jer7il<I!. op. 13 (Aath 460).

2D. L!.aHH'IHh. Ci,wpulle IV. 1872.

252

Ql
(J)UJlU" MAJ,IAPUH. TIo HaponHoj
lIoe3HjH, HenpHjaTeJh KpaJheBHlia
MapKa (BYK 1I159); HCTOPHjCKH <l>H
pCHTHHaJ( Filippo Scolara, Pippo
Spano, UCJlHK<1Ill yrapCKor KpaJha
)l(HrMYHI\<l, 60pan npoTHB TypaKa.

J>AJiYJlATA (JiaT. fabulatio=pacnp8

Ba, paSrOBOp), Y HOBHjOj HaYnH 0
YCMeHoj KffiH:lKeBHOCTH 06YXBaTHH
HHTepHa~OHaJIHH TepMHH (YBeO ra je
HHCKH HaY'IHHK C. W. von Sydow) sa
npenaffia C pasBHjeHoM a6yJlOM. Ha
cynpoT MeMopaTH, npellalbY Koje
npe~CTaBJha y Ha'lUHY UCKa3UBaffia
JlH"IHH ~O:lKUBJhaj UJiH paSMaTpaffie
npHnOBena'la, a6YJlaTa je HeKa BpCTa
YTBp!:;eHe H Y HaponHoj
npH3HaTe npe):lCTaae 0 TaKBOM nO:lKHB
!hajy, KojH ce Mopa KaSHBaTH, 06J1HKO
BaTH npeMa 3aXTeBHMa ffieroae Bell
YTBp!:;eHe TeMaTCKe CTpYKType BpCTe,
H TaKO ce H npeHOCHTU.

p.n.
(J)OJlKJlOP (eHrJl.). TepMHH KOjH
npBH yBO~H BHJheM UOH TOMC
(William John Thoms) 1846, nOBOnOM
Honor H31l.affia rpHMOBe HeMa"IKe
MHToJlorHje. no ffiCMY OJlKJIOp TPe6a
i~a 06YXBllTH 3H8ffie HapOna, TpanH
I(HOHaJiHO aepOB8ffie H cyjeBepje, Ha
ponHa npC)l,affia. oou'laje, H3peKe, noc- .
JlOBHne H 6amlile - CBeYKynay rp8~Y.
TeK KacHuje TCpMHH nO'lHffie' 06yx
BaTaTH H HaYKY 0 TOj rpaljH. BeliHHa
CBponCKHX HapOlla TepMHH npHXBaTa
nocne 1880, ffiHMe 06yxBaTajyliH pa3
JlH'IHTe lIojMoae.
Kon Hac cc OJlKJIOPOM 03Ha"IaBa: (1)
TpanHnH<!HaJlHa M8TepHjaJIHa i<:YJITYpa
(JlHKOBHO 06JlUK.OBaffie, saHaTCTBO,
KOCTHMH, apXHTcKTYpa); (2) OJlKJIOp
1I0KpeT11, Mrapa. H MysuKe; (3) OJlK
JlOp H;ncja KOjH 06yxBaTa o6H"Iaje,
ncpoBaH,a: MCIIHl(HHY, peJlHrujy; H (4)
YMeTHocT pe'lH (npHnoBeTKe, npe):la
ilia, enCK!I H JlHpCKa noe3Hja, 6aJIa]{e,
1I0CJlOBHI(C, saroHcTKe, HTn.).

H. M.-"];,

J>EPH'fi, 'Dypo rB~~eBH"a (1739

1830), epY~UTa U nHcan. BaBuo' ce
CTYIIHjaMa jesHKa H KffiIDKeBHoCTH H
OpraHHSOBao npenHcHBaffia neJla CTa:'
pHX ny6poBa'IKHX nHca~a. Euo y npe
nHCIJ;H ca J. BajaMoHTHjeM H Y KOHTaK
Ty ca M. BpyepoBHheM, Kao H ca Y'Je
HHM HeMneM JoxaHecoM MHJlePoM, 3a
Kora je npeBO):lHO HaIlle HapOIlHe ne
.CMe H nocnoBHIJ;e Ha JlaTHHCKH. Y ):IeJlY

Fabulae ab illyrici adagiis desumptae

(1794) HapOIlHe nOCJlOBHne H H3peKe
TYMa'lH cBOjHM npHnoBenaffieM. MaJiH
6poj npeBe)l'eHHX necaMa 06jaBHo j~ Y

Ad clarissimum virum Johallem Muller

(1798). OCTaBHo je Y PYKOIiHCY s60p

H, M.-D.

. .',
. 1

. ':1

HHK Hapo~H,HX necaMa HaHaIlleM je3H~

.
'.
.
.
KY (Le Popievke llaziollale), PYKOnHC
J>OPMJlA.' Y lIaHaIlliboj ynOTPe6H
p'i~sall od Ballovicl~ Strahje.,:~aJIHC .uHp'- . .'oBaj. TepMJIH. os~atlaB~ ,He.KY. BPCTY
CKUX necaMa H no..aIllHH~a; Kao. U .. CTBapaJia'llI:Or~ IlHHaMU'IKOr 06pac~a
Ille~ 'KlbHra HOBux 'a6yJla'(MopaiIHe, .. Kojil CJlY)J(H YCMeH<>j YMeTHH'IKoj lIM-'
nOJlHTH'JKe, .nOXBaJIHe, IllaJhHae H'pasIlponH3a1~HjH.l1nejll 0 0I'MYJlH HHa"Ie
He), npeMa HaponHHM nocnOBHnaMa y
HHje HOBa, H' 6uJla je no]:\y):lapHa, Hnp. C
JlaTHHCKOM jaM6y H Y npeBO):lY Ha
1I0jMOBHMCl OIlIllTHX, napaJIeJIHHX
HJIHPCKH.
MeCTa (y HeMa'IKoj TeopHjH XIX B.),
",'1U ca CTaJIHHM cnHKaMa (y pyCKHM
I'.n.

253
,
jJ

,I;;.

il!j

it

I'

I: .

..

'

rrpOY'lallalbHMa 60-HX rOA~lHa), Y

CPOJlKJlOPHCTRQH nojaM cpopMYJle no):!
pa3YMeBao je 'lSpCTe je3H'IKQ-CHH
TaKCH'IKe cpHKca~Hje y pacrroH)' ou
je):lHe HJIH ):!Be pe'lH AO ueJlof CTHxa
HJIH Bmne CTHXosa H rrp03HHX OAlIOMa
Ka, KOjH ce npeHoce Kp03 TpaAH~jy,
roTOBO AOCJIOSHO nOHaSlbajy H npeA
CTaBJhajy HeKY spcry yseK pacrro
nQ)KHBHX oneKa 3a H3rpa):!lby H
HajCHTHHjHX ):!eTaJha neCMe H 'lHTaBHX
CHTya~Hja H 36HBalba, Y Hamy HaYKY 0
YCMeHoj KlbIDKeSHOCTH yna3H rrpeKO
CTpaHHX Hay'lHHKa KOjH ce lbOMe 6aBe.
,UecpHHH~Hjy cpopMyJIe Kao rpyne
pe'lH Koja ce pep;OBHO yrrOTpe6Jhasa
rrop; HCTHM MeTpH'lKHM YCJlOSHMa Aa 6H
H3pa3HJla OCHOSay ,tIary H,tIejy ysenH
cy llepH H JlOPA, Ha OCHOSY TepeHCKor
npoy'laSalba Hame HosHje MYCJIH
MaHCKe errHKe, HerrocpeUHHM nOCMa
TpalbeM npoueca crresaBalba y cyc
peTy C rreSa'lHMa. <PopMYJIa je, no
JlOPAY, OCHOBHa rpaAmma jeP;HHRQa
YCMeHe noe3Hje, Te~H H3S0P cpopMYJIHe
CTpyKrype Tpe6a TpIDKHTH y TpaAH~
jli YCMeHO noeTCKor Ha'lHHa H3pa
:'IKaBalba, Y nOTpe6~ nesa'la Aa CTSOpH
mTO sehH 6poj MeTpH'lKHX' 06pa3a~a
KOjH he MY C!MoryhHTH 6p3HHy HMopO
sH3aUHje. llo KOH~erril.HjH 3HaTHO
wupa O,tl CTaTH'lKHX nojMoBa, CTaja
hHX pe'lH, CTaJIHHX emiTeTa, CTepeo
TmmHX cppa3a, cpopMYJla je np01;lYK
THBHH MeTpH'lKo-aKYCTH'IHH, CHHTaK
CH'IKH MOAeJI 3a CTsapalbe HOBHX CTH
xosa H 06yxsaTa: Hnp, 'rnaron H 'HMe
jYHaKa y CTHXy, KOjH ce MO:'IKe 3aMeHH:
TH ApyrHM rnatonoM H UpyrnM HMeHOM
,jYHaKa (YMecTo: fOSOPHO I KpaJhe
sHliy MapKo - BHHO nHje 19,t1 Opamua
TirIe), Ha3HB MeCTa,Aoraijalba pa,tllbe
Koja ce MO:'IKe 3aMeHHTH APYrHM HMe
HOM (Y llpR!leIIY rpaAY,6HjeJloMe - Y
'6HjeJloj O,tl Ka~eHa Kynll), !ITA,.
TepMHH cpopMyna KOjH YBOAH' 1\:
u,:Maye . aHa!lH3yjyhtf Harne rreCMe
: ):!yror CTHXa .:. 6yrapmTHue, <?6yx.BaT~
HHjH je OA llepa-JloPAoBor' nojM~.
llpeAcTaSJha rrpO,tlyKTHBHH MOpCPO
nomKQ-CHHTaKCH'IKH 06pa3au, aJIH H
cpe,tlCTBO YCMeHe errCKe TeXHHKe 3a

HCKa3HBafbe nOHaSJhaHHX paP;fbH (Mer

AaHa, ):!0'leKHB8fba, Y3jaxHBafba KOfba)
H rrOHaBJhalba cHTyaunja (cBHTalbe,
cpl.l6a, rrna'I), Koje CBaKH rreBa'l rrpHna
roljaBa CBOM H8'IHHy. illMayc Ha
rnamaBa nOBe3aHOCT cpopMyna c je
3HKOM, THnOM H KOMn03H~joM rrec
Me, a YTHJlHTapHoj CPYHKUHjH AOAaje H
yMeTHH'IKy.
B. )l(HPMYHCKH y cpOpMyJlH SH):!H
oc06eHoCTH ,tIy6Jher YMeTHH'lKor cxaa
Tafba CBeTa, cBojCTsa neCHH'lKOr MH
IUJhefba y KOMe THnH'IHO H Tpa):lKQHj
CKO rrpeosna9yje Hap; HHUHsHuyaJI
HHM; X. llojKepT, CTBapaJIa'lKo
-yMeTHH'IKy CPYHKUHjy Ha OCHOSY
1I0CMaTpalba Harne nHpCKe noe3Hje.
llojaM opMYne 06J1HKosao ce nOCTe
neHO u06pHM AeJlOM H nOCMaTpalbeM
cpncKoxpnaTcKe HapoAHe KlbIDKeSHOC
TH, npe cnera crrCKe rreCMe y rrpouecy
CTsapafba, O,tl 20-HX H 30-HX rOAHHa
Hamer SCKa - 011 re3eMaHOSHX pa):!osa,
H C KOHuen~Hjc onlIITHX MeCTa H CTHJl
CKHX 06pa3aua rrpemao Ha CTsapa
Jla'lKH rrocryrraK. CaM TepMHH ymao je
y yrroTpe6y 3axnaJhyjyhH JlOp,tlOSHM
paUOSHMa H yr!JaBHOM ce .KO):! MJIa.gHX
HCTpa:'IKHUa'la y TOM CMHCJIY H .KOPH
CTH. KapaKTepHCTH'lHO CBOjc1'SO yCMe
He KlbIDKeBHOCTH Aa ce nOMohy cpop
MYJIa YMeTHH'IKH H3pIDK!!Sa, 03Ha'laSa
ce Kao opMYJIaTHBHOCT HJIH cpoPMYn
HOCT.
H. M.-'S.

~OPMYJIAT"BHOCT (~OPMYJI
HOCT). YCJIOBHH, y Hi:I.lIloj Jllf'.~'epa
TypH OACKopa YCBojeH TepMHH 3a
06ene:'IKaHalbe 6HTHor cBojCTBa yCMeHe KlbH>KCBHOCTH p;a CTBapa cpoPMYJle
(B.) Aa 6U HX KopHCTHJla Kao OCHOSH()
cpeACTBo HCKa3HBalba H YMeTHH'lKO:r
06J1HKOBalba. <Po.pMynaTHBHocT Kao
.38KbHHTOCT.YCMeHor c-rBapalba npOHc
'l'H'le H3 CaMe npHpo,tle YCMeHe KlbH
.?KeBHocTH, H3 'oAHoca" TpaP;HUHja -' .
CTBapllJlal~, KojH je peUHrrp9~aH H' .
ArijaJleKTH'laH; aJIH y KOMe je Tpa,tlKQH
ja p;oMimaHTHa. CTBapaJIau (neBa'l
Ka3HJ.'Ia'l) O,tl6Hja, npHxBaTa HJIH MOp;H
cpHKyje y Tpa,tlKQHjH nOCTojeJie 06pa

254

c~e HJlH nop;aTKe, a YKOJIHXO OBe noc

JIe,tlfbe Y3HMa HenocpeJJ:Ho H3 cTBap
HOCTH, OH HX CTHJIH3yje cpeACTBHMa
noce6He YCMeHo-noeTCKe rpaMaTHKe,
oneT YCBojeHe y TpllAHUHjH. 360r CBO
jHX penaTHBHo YCKHX MoryhHOCTH,
CTBapa nonHBaneHTHC CTpyKrype
Koje ce He6pojeHo nyTa MOry no
HaBJbaTH y pa3nH'lHTHM KOHTeKCTHMa;
OHe ce cacroje H3 MHOro6pojHHX Ma
fbHX HJIH BeliHX Meljyc06HO cpy~o
HaJIHHX ,tIenOBa HCnylheHHX KOHKpeT
HOM ca,tlpXHHOM. OJIaKrnasajyhH yCMe
ay HMnpOBH3~jy, OHe cy y HCTO ape
Me Ha'lHH YMeTHH'IKOr arrcrpaxoBalba
H yonrnTaBalba, pe3ynTaT BeKOBHor
o,tl6Hpa H THIIH3a~je. <P0PMYJlaTHB
HOCT oMoryJiyje neBa'lY HJlH npHnOBe
,tIa'ly,tla 06nHKyjyhH HeKY TeMY, HMa Ha
pacnOJlaralbY BeJi HH3 rOTOBHX HeBep
6aJlHHX HJIH Bep6anHHX MO,tleJIa
nOMohy KOjHX je MO:'IKe OCTBapHBaTH.
<POPMYnaTHBHOCT 06YXBaTa HeKOJlHKO
HHBoa YMeTHH'lKOr HCKa3HBalba, KOjH
ce y CymTHHH npe~Hhy; TO 0/:

r) THnCKH lIHKOBH y KojHMa npeOBJla

9y.ie cpHrypaTHBHoCT (aHlIa, 3Maj, Tpe
hH 6paT, OKJleBeTaJ:!!0YHaK, H3JJ:ajHHK,
ApanHH, Mahexa, HcsepHa JKeHa);
p;) YCTaJheHH onHCH cHTyaJUi.je HJIH CJlH
Ka npc,tIMeTa (MerAaHH, OIlHCH paT8H
xa, HaopY>KaBalbe, npe06JIa"lelbe, ceA
lIalbe KOlba, CBHTalbe);
I) 06H'IajH sepoBalba H nOHarnafba
(npoCHn6a, MOpaJlHH KOAeKCH, XyMCT
BO, cKyl)HBalbe AeBojKe, HTA.).
),OrrrnTa MeCTa cpc}.llbOBeKOBHe KlbH
:'IKeBHOCTH TaKol)e HMajy 3Haqaja 3a
CTBapalbe <PopMYlIHe crpYKrype. HaKO
nocTojaH>e CBHX OBHX HHBoa cpopMyJIa
l'HBHOCTH npep;CTaBJba 06eJle:'IKje YCMe
He KlbH:'IKeBHOCTH Kao Ll.enHHe, yMHO
rOM 3aBHCH O,tl erroxa, BpCTe, je3HKa H
TpaP;H~Hje.
.
H.M.-'5.

~OPT"C, AlIOepTO (1741-11Jl3), H1'a

JlHjaHcKH onaT, Hay'lHHK, reorpacp,
601'aHH'lap H aH1'ponoreorpacp; nHcao
o jllApaHCKOM npJiMopjy, ocrpBHMa H
,UaJlMaTHHCKoj 3aropH. 3aHHMao ce 3a
Hapo,tlHH :'IKHBOT H 06W1aje. 1:beroBQ
1. uapa:JKajRu 06.1lUI{U, no~eB O,tl
,tIeno Viaggio ill Dalmazia (1774)
3BYKoBHOrCJIoja, CTHJICKHX cpurypa y
AOHOCH AparoLl.eHe nO,tlaTKe 0 YCMeHoj
HajrnHpeM CMHCJIY pe'lH, 'JIeK:cH'lKHX H
KlbH:'IKeBHOCTH, HapO,tlHHM neCMaMa H
CHHTaKCH'lKHX, pHTMH'lKHX MOp;eJIa ,tIO
KOMII03H~OHHX .(B. CUiaARU euuiUeiU, npHnoBeTKaMa CTaHo!3HHKa 6p,tlOBHTOr
3aJlel)a Harne jap;paHcKe 06ane Y APyroj
Peq,peH, llope!Je1be, llapa.lle.lluaa.M,
lion. XVIII B. OH je npB~ y EBPOIIH
C.IlOSeRCKa aHiUuii1eaa, rpaOal{uja).
o.6jaBHo y CBOM nyiIiy 110 JJ.a.tl.M.a/{uju
2. caopJliuRcKu 06.1lUI{U KOjH rrpe,tl
opHrHHanaH TeKCT Ha cprrCKoxpaaT
CTaBJhajy npeBacxoAHo MHcaOHa no
CKOM je3HKY jeAHe Harne HapOAHe ne
HaBJhaFba H Koja HHCY orpaHH'leHa
CMe, 'IYBeHe XaCallaZURU1{e ()f(a.llOCRe
rroce6HoM JIeKCHKOM H CHHTaKCOM;
iljecalli ce il.lle.Mell~tiIie ACaR-aZUHu/{e) H
a) MOTHSH y CMHClIY HajMalbHx Te
lbeH npeBOA Ha .HTaJIHjaHcKH. To je
MaTCKHX je,tlHHHLl.a Koje CaMOCTalIHO
03Ha'IHJlO nO'le1'aK 3aHHMalba 3a Hamy
er3HcTHpajy y Tpa,tlHUHjH. ('lYAecHo
. Hapo,tlHy noe3Hjy y caery. Y OBOM Aeny
3a'lehe, JJ:eTe 06ehaHo .gaBoJiy, :'IKHBo
<POpTHC je Aao H AparoueHe HarrpMeHe
THlbe nOMal'a'lH y HeBOJhH, -O,tlrOBOpH
o rroje,tlHHI!M. apCTaMa HarnHX JlHpCKHX
Ha TemKa nHTalba, OJKHBJhaBalbe yMJ>
HapO,tlHHX pecaMa, ollHcyjyhH nOTaHKO
Jlor, rr06paTHM<;TBo, KIDKlbaBalbe 3J1e
:>Kese, npeTBapalb6' y 6HJhKY HJIH. H 06H'IClje :Y3' Koje ce H3Bop;e. Te'
HanOMeHe cy HeKa Bpera 3a'leTaKa y
~OTH.lbY, HTJJ:.);
H3Y'IaaalbY Harne HapoAHe KlbIDKe~HO-'
.6) cKJlonOliH'MoTHBa (cpa6yJIe, nOBpa

CTH. ,UparOLl.eHa cy lberOBa 3ariIDKalba

. TaK MY:'IKa Ha cBan6y taoje :>Keiie,':'IKe
o CBaTOBCKHM neCMaMa, 0 TPK6aJIRQa
HHp;6a C npenpeKaMa, y6HCTBo pol)aKa

Ma, 3upanH~aMa.0 Jhy6aBHHM rreCMa

y He3HalbY, oCJI060l)elbe H3 TaMHHue);

Ma, 0 Hrpalby KOlIa. 3a enCKe neCMe OH

a) aapHjaHTe nojeJJ:HHa'lHHX YCMeHHX

rOBopH 0 Mecry, BpeMeay H Ha'lHH)'

TBopeBHHa;

255
.. 1',

.....,..,

H3BO~elba neCaMa, 0 CTHXy, nenOTlI,

CTapmm, 0 yneny neBa~Ja y H3BO~elby,
H 0 3aBpllIHHM CTHXOBHMa; nOMHlbe
neBalbe y3 ryCJIe, onHcyje HHCTpYMeHT
H neTaJbHO Ka3yje 0 T3B. nyTHK'IKOM
neBalbY. <l>OPTHC je npHnH'IHO no3HaBaO Halli je3HK Te je Morao lla
OCTaBH H 3Ha'l~He nOllaTKe 0 npHX
BaTalbY enCKe neCMe oil CTpaHe cpe
llHHe y KojOj :lKHBH, 0 CHa:lKHOM yTHCKy
KOjH OHa OCTaBJba Ha CJIyIIIao~a, re

HX onaj roTOBO cpueM pa3yMe, Te

JbYIHI H<I HeKMM MeCTHMa nna'IY H
Y3AHIlIY. 3a IICCMY 0 XacaHarnHllnH
<l>OpTMC je llao KpaTaK CallP:lKaj, cBoja
06jmnlbelha H TyMa'lelba IlITO npell
CTaBJba IIpBO 3aHMMalbe 3a OBY necMy.
OH je 3allHcao M HeKOJlMKO nOCJIOBH~a,
npe)lalbH 0 nOKanHTeTHMa H HeKe
IlH1JbHBe HapOllHC "pHnOBeTKe.

x
XArAJ1.A. HapOllCKa, penHrn03Ha ne
CMa, pacnpOCTpalbeHa y A3HjH H EBPO
nH, a HapO'lHTO Ha BanKaHY, Koja >>lle
Ba 0 BepcKoM 3Ha'le1bY 6pojeBa:

p.n.

EWIH CUll MapuuH

Hcyc Xpuciiioc Hao BCeM l~apciiiBye.ll
,[(Ba Ta611a Mouceo6u.
Tpil JepapxlJ eeJluKuj.
t{eTB:PiI e6aH21Muciiiu

---------------------------------(nOJlC"aKOBMh. I. 138).

H. M.-'B.

XAJJ1.Y'lKE DECME. EncKe Hapoll

j
. ::

j
'

256

Kao xapllM6allIe, oneBajy ce nOnBH3H

'InaHOBa IbHXOBHX npY:lKHHa, Te ce OKO
OBHX JlHtIHOCTH H ollpe~eHe TeMaTHKe
1I0t lena BplllHTM noce6Ha UHKnH3a~ja
yHyTap neJlHKOr Kpyra xajnY'lKHX ne
caMa. Y ueCMaMa. xajnYKe KapaKTepII
my, nopell orpoMHe CHare H jYHaIliTBa,
M311P:lKJbMBOCT, nYKaBCTBo H '1BPCTHHa
lla ce M H3jTe:lKe MyKe nOnHecy. OBH
jYHa~ cy nonyJlapHH Ha nenOM nOA"
pytljy CPIICKOXpB3TcKe enHKe, a MHore
neCMe 0 IbHM3 H3J1a3HMO nO'leB Oil
HajCTapRjRx llecerepa'IKHX 36HPKH, na
cae 110 3anMC3 npne nonOBHHe OBora
BeKa. ByraplllTRIl.e, OCHM nojellHHa'I
HOI' nOMCHa MMeHa. He neBajy 0 laj
nYUHMa. OCTapRHM H01l3KY HnH
Ae6eJlHhy HOBaKY neBajy H MaKe
1l0HCKe, 6yrapcKe H pYMYHCKe HapOnHe
neCMe.
B. CiiicrplIHa HoeaK; Mujaiii. TOMUh;
Bajo nm.lJbaHIIH.

He neCMe y lleceTep~ Koje oneBajy

nOllBMre H llora,~aje ID :lKHBOTa xajllY
Ka. IlpeMa BYKOBoj nonemi cnanajy y
neCMe CpenlbHX BpeMeHa. Y IbHMa ce 0
xajnynHMa neBa Kao 0 60pUHMa npo
. THB TypaKa, HaKO X!ljnY'lHjy Kao noja
By cpeTaMO H paHHje, y BpeMe cpen1b0BeKOBHHX cpeynanHHX llP:lKa.Ba, a H
KacHHje, Ha nonpY'ljHMa BaH nOMallIaja
P. n.
TypCKe BJlaCTH, me ce !bHXOBe aKlUfje
qeCTO YCMepaBajy Ka cTlrl\albY nJleHa.
XAJKYHA, B. AjKa.
Y HaponHoj noe3HjH, Oc06HTO y XIX
B., enCKOM H):\eanH3a~joM H3rp~eH je
JlHK xajllYKa, npeBaCXOllHO Kao xpa6
XAJIAHCKIt, Mux3uJI (1857-1910),
pOl' paTHHKa H aHTHTypCKor 60p~a. 3a
npocp~cop Y~HBep3HTeTa y XapKoBY,
TypCKe BnaerH, 6poj xajnYKa ce nOBe- .
RCTOP~'IaP Ii KIbH:lKeBHK HCTopH,!ap;
haBao YKonHKO je ynpaBa .6HJIa Te:lKe
nYToBao je no HamHM KpajeBHMa. npo
nOllHOIlIJbHBa. JLHXOB 6poj paCTe no
Y'laBaO je Hamy HapOnHY K1bH:lKeBHOCT,
'IeB Oil XVI B., CBe AO nO'IeTKa upBor
. OC06HTO enRKy.. 3Ha'lajHH cy .My
cpnCKor YCTaHKa.
Kpyr necaM3 0 xajn~Ma je jellaH. on . panOBR (1 enCKRM neGMaMa 0 6Qjy Hli.
Haj6pojJfHjiJ:;, y Hauioj.
a Ca'IH- ,~KOCO'BY, o:6yr3piUTHIl.aMai,Hc~pnHa.
KQMnapllTRBHa CTYllHj a' o ~lOIycy Ha
. lbaBaj)' ra, nopell'nojellHJialiHHXneCa
IUIIX
HapollHHx IIccaMa 0 KpaJbeBHhy .
Ma (0 CTapOM ByjanlJHY, KOCTpellIY
MapKY R PYCKIIM 6I1JbHHaMa' (JYJlCHO
XapaM6aIHH H llP.), yrnaBHoM 6pojHe
-CJla8HHCKUC CKa3aHUH 0 KpaJIe6u'te
rpyne necaMa 0 HajnonynapHHjHM,
MapKc e C8H311 c cilp0U38eoeHuRMU
HCTOPHjH. n03HaTHM xajllynHMa XVI H
pYCCKoio 6UIIC60io euoca, 1893).
XVII B., 0 CTapHHH HOBaKY, Majary
p.n.
ToMHhy 11 Eajy IlHBJbaHHHY. Y3 IbHX

ellHuH,

257

XACAH-AfA KYHA, B. KyH.a Xa

cQH-oia.

XACAHAfHHIfUA. lJ)'BeHa 6aJIana

Koja je EBPOIm OTKpHJIa Hamy HapOn
HY noe3Hjy. 06jaBHo je H npeBeo Ha
HTaJIHjaHcKH An6epTo 4>opmc (Viag
gio ill Dalmazia, BeHeI:\Hja, 1774). On
TaAa npeBeneHa HaHH3 eBponcKHx H
BaHeBponcKHx je3HKa. HHcnHpHCaJIa Ii
Hsms Ii cTpaHa Ilena DHcaHe KIbH
JKeBHOCTIi. M3a3sana HH3 TeKCTO
nomKHX, nClixonomKHX H KOMnapa
THBHHX aHaJIH3a, TYMa'IeIba nOCTynaKa
jYHaKs nYTeM H3Y'IaBsIba npymTBeHHX
H IiCTOPHjCKHX OKonHOCTH, 06H'rajHHX
3aKOHa, HTn. BYKje 06jsBHO 4>0PTlicOB
3aImC 1814. H 1846 - cae BpeMe Y3anyn
Tparajylm 3a YCMeHoM BspHjaHToM.
KscHHje BapHjsHTe: CnJIHTCKS HKSBCKa
H3 1882, BapHjsHTa o6jaBJb:Ha 1932. no
cehaIbY H3 AeTHIbCTBa BaJaps MBsHa
MemTpOBHha, H neCMa IIsBe K YBeJIHh
ca OCTpBa illHnaHa (3s6eJIeJKHO M.
MypKO), onnmpHH cy CTHXOBaHH KOMeHTapH H ryMa'ieIba HenOrH'IHOCTH
4>opTHCGBOr 3anHca. IIecMa y EpnsH-.
reHCKOM PYKonHcy (6p. 8)cnsna caMO
y mHpe OKBHpe TeMe 0 6ps'1H9M He
sepC'PBy .H Hepa3YMeBaIbY. TaKo Xa
caHarHHHI:\a H3 4>oPTHcoBor 3anHca
nOCTsje nojsM 3a 6anaAY y Hsmoj Ha
ponHoj KIbHJKeBHoCTH. 4>a6yna 0 JKeHH
KOjy. MyJK Tepa on Kyhe, OA neTOpo
AeI:\e, jep' ra paIbeHor He 06HJ1a3H y
~aT9PY, Kojy 6paT Ha CHJIy ynaje H
Koja YMlipe y cBan6eHoj noBOpUH y.ey
cpe-ry ca CBOjOM neI:\OM - caMO je OKBHP
oaJlane 0 Jby6asH.H 60ny, rroCJIymHoCTH, CTHAY H. nOHOey.
IIecMa 0', XacaHamHHI:\H HMa CBe Haj
60Jbe KapaKTepHCTHKe 6anane, Kao
BpCTe THfiH'ilJe H 3a esporrCKY 6anany,
anH Ii 3a. n063Hjy HaIller TJla. OHa liMa
H npHnoJ!leAHH .H npaMcKH HanpemyT
. KapaKTgp ,c .nup'*HM. paCIlOnOJKef,eM,
nCHXOJIo$KY MOT.H13aIlMjy, an:H: if q,HHY,
HeonxonHY .Henope'IeHOCT.. 06paljyje
KOOHY npenoApel)eHocT JYHaKs Aa
CTpana, KOjOj y3pO~ neJKe y HapaBH
Ma. IIoceAyje HaneTOCT H penYKO-

2~

BaHOCT y Ka3HoaIby H nocpeAHOCT

XAI,IH-BACIfJbEBHll,

JOB3H

H nponfIl Ay6poBHHKa 1451-1454, H Y

caonlllnmmna J.lymeBHHx CTaIba, Hapo

(1863-1948), HCTOpH"Iap. YpeJ.\HHK

'IHTHM HHAOOHMa CJJHKaIba y caBpme

HOM CKnaJlY CIIOJbHOr H3pa3a ca
YHYTapIbJ.lM nO:KHBJbajeM. ~janora If
MOHonorn. Kap,lKTCPlfCTHqHHX 3a es
ponCKY oanany HMa Mano, anH HapaUH
ja Koja y Hamoj 6ana]lH npeOBJIsljyje
HenOCpe}!HO 3alllfpe y nCHxonomjy
nH'IHOCTH. paCJJojasa ce H npaTH
YHYTapH,J.I H ClIon,HIllIbH TOK panIbe ca
aKI:\CHTOM Ha YHYTapIbeM. Y TOM CMHC
ny 6lfpa CTHnCKa H3pIDKajHa cpenCTBa
oe3 omTpHX nOTC3a. XacaHara 60nyje:

BpaCTBa, ceKpeTap ApymTBa CB.

CaBe. naBHO ce nOnHTH'IKOM HCTOPH
JOM, eTHorpaq,HjoM, reorpaq,HjoM. Be
neJKHO HapOAHe YMOTBOpHHe, OCTaBHO
nO)laTKe 0 cnOMeHHI:\HMa KynType C
TepeHa. ETHorpaq,CKe CT}'AMje JY:JICHa
ciiiapa Cp6uja o6jaBifo Y ABa TOMa

IbCMY OCT<IBJba 6J1aro.

y HapO]!Hoj TpanHl~lfjH, CTHxoBaHoj H

OIJIIl311 ttl

Awiiill

/I

ceciiiplIIju

n Jl>y6oBl\!l OJ( eTII}lil lIe MOrJIa.

KUl) III1A'Y je pmr8M' 60Jbe 6BJIO
(Ull iiOpY"1I (ljeplloj JhYIJI/ cBOjOj).
06jcKTHilHOM HapaI:\HjoM HCKa3yje ce
AO Koje MCpC My jc 6aUl OHa HeoociUajalla, no Koje Mepe cy pSHe npe3ApaBH
JlC. anH He H OH caM. 06jeKTHBHoM
HapaI:\HjoM HCKa3yjc ce H XaCSHarnHH'IHH C1'PaX OJi MyJKa H crpenIba OA
Hose ynaje:
.
K",) kUl)YI/l/ p'je'lII [)l/3YMjellu,
jOIll je jUllua y TOj MlICJlH craJIa,

jelw cfiiUl)e 1<.011>1 {)!<I/ ()(1OPU

ilia,) iioIJje.JlfC XtlCUIW211Hlllja

t')"I'Bpal7i II tJ.!III!<YIlIlIll13 iieHr;epe.

IIp03HOj, 38 H,era ce !Ie3yjy TeMe 0

paTOBaH,y ca CHHOM OKO 6JIara y
Ay6pOBHHKY If lty6pOBa'lKoj npOHe>
sepH;1 3aTHM () OTHMaIbY HeBeCTe HJIH
3HPY'IHHlle on CHHa 1'1 Heycnenoj npo
CHA6H (y3 CTepeOTHnaH CKnon MOTHBa
o nCBojllH Koja ce npaBH MpTBa H
1f3npJKH cae upo6e,2 HJIH 6eKCTBY H
nOnBaJm nHjenc Mape.3) Haj3an, 0
XepI:\crooy aHTHTypCKOM CTaBY H y3a
JlynHOCTH Gop6e (BorHmlfh, 51)
HCKa3aHOM q,HHHM enCKHM Ha'IHHOM,
noeTCKHM OKBIfPOM 0 cOKony rnaco
HOIllH, KOjlf jUBJb<l 11:a ce CaM060poM
meTajy TYP111f.
HspOtIHTO cy pa3HHjeHa H 6pojHa Kyn
TYPHO-HCTOPHjcK<l npenaIba 0 Xep
11ery CTjcllaHy.4
H. M.-D.

I-II, 1909-1913.
H.

M.-D.

XEKTOPOBIfIi, lleT3p, B. By'lap.

UliiiWje.
XEPMAH, Kocra (H5rmann, 1~01925), ynpaBHHK 3eMaJbCKOr Mj13eJa y
CapajeBY, KynTYPHH paAHHK. IIoCJJe
06SBJbSIbS rpaHH'lSpCKe H ynpsBHe
CJJyJK6e no XpBaTCKoj, 6HO je 'mHOSHHK 3eMaJbCKe Mane 3a Boc~y H Xep
I:\erOSHHY H 3a>?HMaO 3Ha'laJHa Mec:a
Y KYJITYPHOM HJaBHOM JKHBOry. BHO Je
OCHHSaq H ypellHHK KIbHJKeB~Or nHCTa
HaAa (on 1896). ypenHHK fnacHHKa (on 1910). Ca6pao je (y3 nOMoh
capanHHKS) H 06jaBHO 06HMHY 36HPKY
. HapooHe ujecMe MyxaMeoo6al{Q y
BOCHU U Xeplle'106uHu, I-II, 1888
1889; 1933; 1976. Y OBOM nOCJIenIbeM
H3IlaIbY, y3 75 paHHje o6jaBJbeHHX
neCaMa, npHpel)~aq 0. ByrypOBHh je
06jaBHJla j9m 15 necaMa H3 pYKonHca.
P. n.

I Bnnnlllth. Gp. II'J: BYK Vl713; npo3Ha Bap"jaR'

Ta "B'lC~IICKa mlml l'Jll. XXVI." ""3 APyrnx
npc}lau,a II 'mjnj pacnpoC'I'palbeHoCTR "Ida

nanmlClla IIcnn}t nCCMC BYK Vn13.

~ BYK 11227-22f!.
3 By" 1/727 u V/fl5f!. <I'm

4 CE3. 1'J!:I. XX. C't'p. 46'J." ltp,

'I
[Ii

'Ji

!'I.

,t

XPBATCKE HAPOAHE llJECME.

Ha3HS 3(1 eAHI~Hjy MaTHI:\e xpBaTCKe

OA neCCT KIbHra (1896-1942) Koje

o6yXBSTUjy jYHa'IKe, JKeHCKe H
'MYX<lMei\OIICKC HapOnHe neCMe. OBa
06lfMHa 3GHpK8 IIpenCTaBJba H360p H3
HM3a PYKODHCHHX 360PHHK!i Koje je
On60p lYl,lTHI:\C xpnaTCKe H3Aao npeMa .
eCTeTCKHM McpHnHMa (y npBH neo
CBaKe K~Hre YIllJIe cy oOJbe BapHja~JTe
nOK cy y AOAaTKY JlSTH onnOMI:\H OCTa
nHX BapHjaHaTa y3 nperrpH'laBaIbe
CHnp}!{HHe; 03Ha'leH je Ha3HS PYKOfiH
ca, 3anHcaHa cy HMeHa cakyrrJb~'l~,.
nena'Ja, MCCTa HIDI KpajeBa rne ey
rreCMe OCnCJKeHc. IIecMc cy peljaae no
xpoHonOJiJKD-TCMaTCKoM H CHJKejHoM'
KpIfTepHjYMY: CB<lKa KIbHra npenCTaB,
Jba. u~nHHY. Pe)laKTOp~ cy M. BP03,
CTJ. BocnHaI:\, JI. MaPJaHoBHh, a O ) l ; P
neTe no IICCCTC KH,Hre 11 AH)lpHh. .
;1
H. M.-D,
~!

'j

. .
.
HapaI:\HJoM ce HCKH3yje Jf OAHOC neBa-'
'Hl npeMa Xac:<lHarn H ,npeMa XacaH
amHHI:\J.I. j'lIOTpCPOM errHTeTa, Hnp. 3a
XEPUEf CTJEflAH, CTe~aB BYK
XacaHarHHliI:\Yjm)HlI. YTpeHYTKy K a n ' l H h Koca'la, OCHHSa'l H rocnoAap
ce KOHa'IHO pacTaje ca AeI:\OM, 3a
XepuerOBHHe On 1435-1466, on 1448.
~epI:\e~ 0)1 CB. CaBe, rocnoAap XYMCKH
XacaHary - jYHll1<. KaA .noCTsje CBenOK
COIlCTBCHor rropa3a, JYHaK .yHHJKeH,
H rrpHMOpCKH H BenHKH BoeBOna pyca
jYHaK Y3a.lly).lHor TpnJbeIba 6e3 H3na3a.
, ra 60caHCKora, KHe3 APHHCKH. BeOMa
.OrreT HapaTHHHHM nyTeM ocehaIbeM
KOHTpOBep3Ha nHqHOCT, HeCTanaH H
YMeTHH'IKor apcMCHa' 6anana je AoserpaM3HB, paryje H 3aje:U;HO C TypI~a.
.).ICHa ~o YHHBep3alfHocTH. 'Y3 cTanHY
(1439)' nppTHB 'Cp6Hje H ,Mal)apa, anH
npHcyTHm:i CHAamIbQCTH, npoIllnoCT
H' DpOTHB TYP'ilKa. Hapo~To .no~eAje HMlln HItHTij(l . YHYTap CBHX, KilO"
.. H.HX rO~HHa cBcije Bna~aBH~e. PaTyje II .
T<ljHa, .KilO HeHCKa3aHO ocehaIbe H
rrpOTHB CBor 3eTa; QOCSHCKor KpaJba, a
:KeHe H )!CI~e Hare J.I 6era. BynyhHoCT
i
. H npO'FHB CMHa KOjH je Ha TYPCKoj
je Y rrpC/loceh8lhY KOOHOM H Haj3aA
l.
CTpaHH. CYK06JbaBa ce C necnoToM
oCTBspeHoM y Tpa~H\IHOM K;ajy.
oypl)eM H nOCTaje My caBe3HHK. BOPH
H. M.-lI.
ce npOTHB MneTaKa H MHpH ce CIbHMa,

,H
Ii

~9

III

II

~li

'I!'

"--.
XPlblilll:A MYJO H XAJIHJI, 6pana,

:1

YCMCHY pCrrOpTa)KY. 0):1 IbHX CC

O'ICKyjc IIpOCmlBJbUlbe CBaKor noje):lH
Ha'lHor PUTHHKU. CBaKor rrO):lBHra,
O):lpe~IfBl\lbe MCCTa ):Ioraljaja, nOBJIa
'IClbe rryTa KpeTUlba BojcKe, ):IaTOBalbe
36HBalba. pe):lOCJIe):l 6HTaKa YKOJIHKO
HX je 6HJIO BHIlIC. .uOCTa yje):lHa'leHC
KOMrr03H~Hje. IICCMe 06HqHO ca):lp)Ke
rrpeHOIlICH>C paTHC rropYKe, OKYIIJbalbC
BojcKe. KaTaJIOr jYHaKa. HaopY)KaBa
Ibe, rrom13aK Ha pUTHIlITe, pacrrope):l
nojcKe, OIIHC 6oju. KaTaJIOr rrO):lBHra C
rrOXBaJIOM jYHam'rny H ~elbeM 3a
1I0rHHYJIHMU rrOHMCH~e.
113JIO)KeHC HcrrpeCTaHoj
~eH3ypH
CUBpeMCIIHKU. OHC rrO):lpel)yjy rroeTCKe
3UXTeBC yorrUlTuBalba peaJIHCTHqHoj
Ta'IHOCTH. Ee3 IIlHpHHC enCKO-Ha~o
HaJIHOr 3aXBaTU H Ha):laXHyha, oCTajy
YCMeHH H3BelUTajH C paTHHX rrorrpH
IUTa HCIlYlbeHH ):IeTaJbHMa CBaKO):lHe
BH~e, KojH rrOHeKa):l y CBOjOj je):lHO
CTaBHOCTH Mory ):I06HTH nope):l ):IOKy
MeH~apHC
H YMeTHH'IKY Bpe):lHOCT
HCrrOCpCi\HOr HCKU3a.
H. M.-D.

crrCKH OMHJbeHH jyHa~H MYCJIHMaHCKHX

H YCKOqKHX rrecaMa; xpa6pH JIHqKo
-KpajHIlIKH paTHHl~, rrpOTlfBHH~ yc
KOKa; qeCTO orreBaHH y rrCCMaMa 0
OTM~aMa H rrOTepH.

I'"

p.n.

:i
i'l

XPOMH ,1J;ABA (,1J;ABO). XHrrOKO

pHCTHKa 3a l)aBOJIa, XTOHHqHO (0)KaH
CTBO ):IOlber CBeTa. IIpeMa KyJITHHM
rrpe):lalbHMa, CTapHHCKH 60r BYKOBa
KOjH ca3HBa Ha CBOj ):IaH BYKOBe H ):IeJIH
HM xpaHY Y BH):\Y JbY):ICKe )KPTBC. IIpBo
6HTHO ce rrojaBJbyje Y 06JIHKY xpOMor
BYKa, ):Ia 6H ce Y KacHHjHM rrpe):lalbHMa
rrpeTBopHO Y xpOMor 'IOBeKa (ByqjH
rracTHp). XPOMOCT l)aBOJIOBa 06ja
IlIlbaBa ce YPOKJbHBoiliny H3a3BaHOM
BCJI~HHOM If 3HaqajeM OBor BpXOBHor
(0)KaHCTBa.

11I1

;1
:1

!l

B.JJa60z.
H.M.-D.

XPOHH'IAPCKE nECME. YCTa

JbCH Ha3HB 3a errCKe rreCMe Koje ce crre
BaBajy OAMax rrOCJ1e ):Ioral)aja HJIH cy
O):lMax rrOCJ1e Ibera 3a6eJIeX<:eHe. Tep
MIDi ce MO)Ke ~):IHOCHTH H Ha rrpBy q,a3y
rrpo~eca
e{lCKOr yorriliTaBalba, Ha
rrpeTrrOCTaBJbeHH 06JIHK rreCMe Kao
Hcrrocpe):laH oAjeK 36HBalba, rrpBy HM~

XYlbA,1J;H,
y

TCJhCKH paCIlOJlO)l(CH Mal)apCKH BCJlH

KaIlJ (C~ l30jBo):le KaH~e, BYK

ll/81 ).
p.n.

HBaH (1387-1456),
JallKo 00
JUIlKO, eojeooa

rrCCMaMa

CII611lbll, CII6111b1l1l1l1l

.IallKo, YZ/JIIIl ..IaIlKo, ep):leJbCKH BOjBO-"

rrpOBH3a~jy.

Ii

Jalloll~

HapOi\HHM

Y rrCCMaMa je HajQCmnc 3ajC):IHO ca

ceCTpHneM CeKYJIOM OaHOBHneM. Y
MalbCM 6pojy nccaMa OH jc HerrpHja-

TCMC 3a6cJIe)KCHHX rrecaMa yrJIaBHOM

CC O):lHOCC Ha rrJIeMeHCKe cYK06e Y
UpHOj fOpH, Ha rrepamTaHCKe 60jeBe C
Typ'~a, Ha 6HTKe y rrpe):\elIHMa Roj
HC rpa~c (zpallUttapCKa eUUKa), Ha
MapTOJIOCKY errHKY H Ha KpajHHcKo
-MYxaMe):laHCKY errHKY (r):le ce ):Ioral)a
jJi He H3Hoce rrpaBoJ1liHHjCKH, aJIH ce
OCTaJIe O):lJIHKe XpOHHqapCKHX rrecaMa
'lYBaN). IIpe ,<Bera 3aHHMJbHBe' Kao
JIa60paTopHja 3a .rrpoyqaB.albe 06iIH-'
KOBalba eflcKc rroe3Hje, iIpo~eca' K.OMY
HH:s:a~je Ii pe~eiI~je, OAflOca' :>KHBOT
Hor "'H. CBalCO):lHeBl;lOr paTHH'licQt' C
rroeTcKHM, - OHe CC He O):lJIHKyjy BOCO
KOM YMeTH~KOM Bpe):lHOmny. OrreBa
jyhH CHTHHje CYK06e, yrJIaBHOM JIOKan
Hor 3Haqaja, C HarJIaCKOM Ha BCPO):lOC
TOjHOCTH Ka3HBaHOr, npe):lCTaBJhajy

260

):IU (0):1 1442), 6opa~ rrpoTHB TypaKa.

I1CTaKao ce y oojeBHMa c Typ~HMa.
(BapHa 1444; KOCOBO 1448; Eeorpa):l
1456, rrpoTHB cYJ1TaHa MeXMe):la II).

lheroB CHH je MaTHja KOPBHH, yrap

CKH KpUlli 1458-1490, .xp3Jb MaTHjaili

I
.1

(B.).

HallIe HapO):lHc rrCCMe 'Iyoajy ycrroMe

Hy Ha H>CrOB cYKo6 C oypl)eM EpaHiw- .

BHnCM H Ha Imp1l3 '(CTpa):laO K10

JUHKO Ha KOCOBY). Hajc-rapHja errCKa

HllPO):lHU lIeCMll 0 TOMe 3anHcaHa. je

1497. 0 H)eMY neBajy. Ii 6yrapIlITH~~

(B.) H AcceT~pa'IK" rreCMe. HapO):lHa

Tpa):lH~Hja y IicCMH ~:y tipe):lalbY ra

CMa.Tpa BaH6pu'IHI'IM. CHaOM .ll'ccrrOTa .

CTeli>aHa JIa3apcBHna Ii oy):lHMKe

AjeBojKC, Koja pal)a 6JIH3aH~e, JaHKa

H Jalby (Py):le). TaKBOM errCKOM OHO

rpaqmjoM je 06jawlbeHa JaHKOBa 60p6a npOTHB TypaKa Ha HailieM TepeHy.

261

Q
UAP L(YKJUIJAH II KPCfIITEJb
JOBAH. YCaMJ:beHa rreCMa H3 BYKOBe
30HpKe (II116), CTHXOBaHa BapHjaHTa
TeMe 0 CYKOOY CaTaHe H OO)Kjcr H3a
CJIaHHKa OKO CBCTJIOCHOr CHMOOJIa,
Koja rrpeMa HaY'lHHM TyMa'lCH>HMa
crrana Y HHTepHaquOHaJIHH ~HKJIYC 0
nyaJIHCTH'IKOM CTBapaH>Y CBeTa. KOH
lUI3HHje OOJIHKOBaHa On rrp03HIDC Ka3H
BaH>a (B. J1.Yl<1IUjOl~) OHa rrO'lHH>e rrpen
caM 'IHH OTHMaH>a CYH~a, rroBe3yjyhH
jYHaKe H JIOlUlpajyhH panH>y crepeo
THrrHHM Ha'lHHOM, KojH OBne HMa
nYOJ:bH aco~HjaTHBHH CMHcao, Be3H
BaH>eM panH>e 3a CaMY cynlTHHY nYM
HCTH'lKOr rrpenaH>a - capanlbY Eora H
caTaHe:

,I

..

/I HlI lJll1ll.~ KaMen ()oQ;mlluo,

AWJllt KlU/II Of) xll.lbaay ()/,ax,
/I iiPOJlO.1I11 t)Rllflllec' Jler)oeax,
au je cBoja p"CKJloiilt() KpUJIa,
3a .IoRlIIUM' y fiohf!p.v flOlje,
')Oci"iiIl.7lfl' lalla llf!lie'-Ku Bpafiia.

3a CBor rnaBHor jYHaKa rreCMa OHpa

AYKJIHjaHu, OC3 o63Hpa Ha rr06el(Y
xpHllIhaHCKor CBe~a, Te My I(aje H
OCHOBHC XCpOjCKC ocooeHOCTH HamHX
jYHaKa: 'lojcmo H jYHallITBO, BCpOBalbe
y pe'I, CCHTHMCHTaJIHOCT H H3BecHY
J\03Y HaHBHOCTH.
H.M,-"b.

UAPHfPAL(. fpan KOjH je ocHOBao

KOHCTall:I'HH BeJIHKH 326-330, Ha Me
cry UHTH'IKOr BH3<lHTa H3 660. rOnHHe
BlIHO ilujy'ao uea ilo6paijj.UMu
IIpe' H. e., H rro H>CMY n06Ho HMe KOH
na iipJICuny naKpaj MOpa CJlaHa:
, CTaHTHHOnOJ:b. ' KYl1TYPHo-HCTOPHjCKO
jeuno jecilie Ijape D,YKJlujuile
npenaH>C KOjC ce lIC3yje 3a OBO OCHH
a apY20 je Kpcfiiufiielb IO/lane.
Balbe, BYK OeJIC)KH y Pje~Hu1;Y 1818,
ErrH3yjyhH ,TeMY, rreCMa npaTH BHTCnOll pe1ljy Uap1l2pao. TeMa je HHTep
mKy 'nrpy CB. JOBaHa H L(YKJIHjaHa y
H~l~lHOHUl1Ha, nOlHaTa YCMeHoj TpaI(H
oa~alby KopYHe H jaoYKe, H y CIIQI{HJH KilO KU3HBUlbe 0 'lyn ecHo
jy nCHXOJIOmKOr H jYHa'IKor KOPHCTA:. 3a'leTOM' jYHUKY H3 JI06albe (B.
'enCKO nOHaBJ:balbe, na 6H 'rrpBH rryT
AIIApcj, ClleTH): HCKaKaB ~ap npera3H
rryCTHJIa L(YKJIHjuHa na one y MopCKe
JlfpTBy n,ynCKY rl1any cnojHM KOH>eM.
ny6HHe H I(OXBaTH JOBIlHy ja6YKY -.6e3
fnana OCneTOJhYOHB<? '3arrpeTH na he
nocnenHUa, Kao rrpHrrpeMY 3a nOBepeMy H MpTlUl I(OCanHTH. Uap je crranH H
H>e Koje.he JOBaH, OJJ;Mi[lX cnel(~l1H rryT,
cKpHje nerreo. KOjH npoHa~e lbemBa
HOBHM 6a~aH:.eM jaoYK~ Y Mope H3H-. .KhH. JIH3~yBmH nerreo. l(eBojKa 3a'lHe
q,aTH H 3Mel(HTH ;o,YKJIHjaHY H3na3 Ha'
H ponH CHJ:la (oYAyher ~apa KOHCTaHCOOT, y' HMe BHllIe npaBl(e. L(apyjyhH
niHa), KOJH CC rrpocnaBH jYHa'lKHM
;o,YK.JIHjaHY I(HBOBCKY. HampHpOI(HY
.!IOl(lm~~t.~U; 'IYIlOTBOPH~ rrYTeM qcHY
CHQ,ry, rr~CMa .ra rrymTa na l(eJIyje y.
JC Uap!irpal( H OTMC ~ ~apa ~apCTB~.
H3BaHpeI(HHM, ~BorrH"cHaM:UIHpOKHM .
K~\~HBaH'c je. KOn Hac oopab.eHO H Kao
.. ' . rrf'l?na~~, H Kao l1~r.~HI(apHa rrp~a, H
. enCKHM 3aMaCHMa:
.
KaOOUJKu l , Y cTHXOBaHOM OOJIHKy. je.,
1101(' Bel1HKHM' YTHI~ajeM 'peJIlII'H03HHX
YaHO Mopa ll,llpe Oilll3u(),
)KHTHja 0 KOHCTUHTHHY H JcneHH H He
. ua ce 3alHtl AWpy Y ay6uHe,
npenCTUHn,a YCMCHY TBopeBHHY.
fiipu je /leGo ZJla80M UOJlOMUO,
H. M.-"b.

ua ce Htlfiipuf aueiii iiO/lpafiiua,

263

1 CKf. XIX. 4. CTp. 283-284: Allopa raflpUJIO

OCaM)lCCCTaK CTMxona,
/lull, llflaoeceiii HapooHux iipuiioBeotllca, ciiip.
jCAH<1 3<1 APyroM, H y

Koje CJIeAe
KojHMa je
39-42; Maiiill'teulOfl, Pao 11/ Kt!H'ipeca ()jIlC
AOCTHrHyra HajBHIUH YMCTHH<JKa BPCA
Jlopuciiia Jy'ioCJlUBuje, UeiiiuH,e 1958, CTp.
HOCT HallIC yCMcHe cnHKC. lI3Y3CTHOM
179-185.
cHarm,,1 IICCHH'IKC BH3HjC, HapoAHH
[lCBat) )\O'IapaBa CJlHKOM H 3ByKOM
UAPHUA MHJIHUA, B. MUllul4a.
lJOBOPKY MJIa)lHX pllTHHKa, KOjH jYTPOM
Kpehy y ooj, CBe KOl:bHu;H nOA 60jHHM
UAP KOHCTAHTHH. lIMc 3a XPH
KOIlJbHMll. npC}l cBHMa, 06acjaH
mhaHCKor u;apa y Hamoj HapO)'.lHoj
CYHUCM Ii 3JIaTOM onpCMC, TpenTH JIHK
TpaAHIUljH. nOKpHBa, HajaepoBaTHHje,
bOIllKa JyroBHlia, Ha aJIaTY Bac y
ABe' JIH'IHOCTH - pHMCKor u;apa KOH
'IHCl'y 3JIllTy. bJIHCTaBY TCJICCHY cnH
CTaHTHHa, npornamcHor y xpHmhaH
Ky HajoMHJbCHHjer H Hajn03HaTHjer
CKOj qpKBH 3a cBeu;a (BYK W17, IfaCHu
KOCOBCKor paTHHKa 3.aCCl:byjc l:bCrOB
KPCiii.U) H BH3aHTHjcKor u;apa KOH
MopaJIHH JIHK xpa6pa H 'IojcTBcHa jy
CTaHTHHa V (741-775) IIpOTHBHHKa
HaKa. Ou He npMxuaTa u;apCB 6JIaro
HKOHa (BYK WI8 - nap KOHCTaHTHH
cnOB )'la Oil 60ja H30CTaHC:
H 9a'Ie caMoY'lc). MO:liCAa je, Me
9YTHM, pe'I caMO 0 u;apy KOHCTaHTHHY
#/)11. ceclTlpfJ,
fiujellY Kylly,
BeJIHKOM, no PO)'.lOCJlOBHMa H JIeTO
A ill ilill ('I.' III.' VIIX iiOllpuiliuo,
nHCHMa CTapc Kl:bH:liCCBHOCTH POAO
lIa I'YKe KpCITlUlt/ vlIpjuK aao,

fl" Mil II1Ipe liOKIIO/llf KpYlUeaall"

Ha'IcnHHKY HCMal:bHha, KOjC u;pKBa

flu ,\III pe'//! /)PPIWIIU ociiiallu:

ocyljyjc 3a P9aBo nOCTYnal:bc npcMa

rile CiiiVlIIll.ll>/Ili/ll1 Dmlllca Jyioaulu:t!

POAHTCJbHMa (nocc6Ho OCY9yjc ,n:y

maRa 3a O)'.lHOC npcMa ou:y).
nperopclic ccC'rpMHy MOJI6y jow
H,M.-);
ceAuM JyrOlmlia M HR Kpajy HajMJIa9H,
BO.1HH. EUH30AY UCCMe ynOTnYl:byjc
UAP JIA3AP, B. JIaaap Xpe6elbaHO
H3Y3eTHo YMeTHH'IKM CHa:liCaH JIHK cny
BUll..
rc rOJIyOIlHa. KOjM OAHOCH 06e3HaHtC
Hy racrry Ha TllHaHY Kyny, KaKO My je
UAP JIA3AP H UAPHUA MHJIH
, caM KHC3pCKao. POHehM CY3e, HI! OH OA
UA (0 60jy KOCOBCKOM). ,n:cccTcpa'I
oojn He M30cTaje:
'
Ka nCCMa (BYK W44) CH:lICCjHO Haj
. .o6yxBaTHHja H Hajpa3BHjcHHja. nO'lH
All' ('110M (,PIIY (}()o/heifi' He..IIIoJ/Ce.

l:bC Be'.!epoM yO'lH 60ja, 3aTHM CJleAH

flu He 1lI)e /ltl voj Ita KOCOIlO,

nOJIa3aK BOjCKC y 60j H, Haj3aA, Tpehy

U;CJIliHy 'IHHC H3BcmTajH rJraCHHKa 0
3UBPUUIH )\eO !lCBa o HCXO;l\y KOCOS
Tparn'lHOM HCXOAY 60ja. OBa neCMa, .
CKor 60ja Kp03 KIl3MBal:be CBenOKa
KOjy jc ByKY Ka3HBao TemaH nO;rt
Y'leCHHKH, npuo cc Ka3MBal:bC H3HOCH
pyroBHh; 'IHHH HeKY BpCTy cna y
C<l:liCeTO, YCTUJbI:HOM CnCJ(:OM CXCMOM 0
, MaJIOM H no pa3BHjeHoCTH no;rtccha Ha
;rtBa BpaHa. ranp!lHa, ,KOjH .y Hamoj
BCJIHKY 6yrapmTHU:Y 0 KOCQBCKOM 6.ojy
CIlCKOj IJOC3MjM MMajy Haj'Iemlic yJIory
(EommHfi, 1). Y aRTOJIOrHjaMa'cy je
KOOHMX rJIRCHMKa 0 :rparn'IHOM, in
!CacHHjc AeJIHJIH Y Mallie u;emwc: Imp. '
ry6JbCHOM 60jy. (YJIory raBpaHa-rna-
B. M. JOBaHOBHft H3ABaja nccMY 0
COHOillC HUJIU3MMO Y enCKMM I1eCMaMa
CJlyr.n MH.ll,YTHHY Kao m)c;c6HY u;cmrny..
3RIIHCRHMM
H', XVIII BeKY; y ,
npBHX, ~~HHX TPHAcccTaK ,CTHXOB;:I
Qyrapul'i'H1(aMil H J~eceTep~'iKHM nec- .
oneBajy. pa3raBop. u;apa Jla3apa C
MaMa, ,KU(l M Y nCCMaMa H~CTaJIHM no'.!.
MHJIHll;OM Ii 06chaH.e Aa joj no MOJI6H
XIX B. M MJIaljMM; jCAHa .on HajIl03
OCTaBH jcAHor GpaTa ceCTpH oA 3aK
HaTHjHx jc Eoj Ha MHmapy). Y OBOj
JIeTBC. neCMa ce nan>e rpaHa y nBC
neCMM 0 KOCOBCKOM 60jy, nojaBJbyje ce
CaMOCTaJIHC U;CJIHHC, CBaKa OA OKO
KilO rJIaCHHK H cnyra MHJIYTHH, palbc

nu

HH Y'leCHHK 60ja; l:berOBO je Ka3HBalbC

BaH eIlCKor OKBMpa 0 raBpaHHMa. Ha
I1HTal:bC u;apHu;e MHJIHu;e, O)'lrOBapa 0
cyn6MHH KHe3a Jla3apa, Jyr-Eor)'laHa,
AeBeT JyroBRRa, MRJIOWa, BYKa II
EaHOBMlia CTPaXHl:be, 0 cnCKH 1103
HaTOM HCXOAY 60ja, KHC:lKCBOj I10rn6H
jH, MHJIOmeBY nOABHry H BYKOBOj
H3najH:
Cau ociiialUe, iociio, Y Kocoay.

CaMO EomKa JyroBHha rnaCHBK HI!je

BHneo MpTBa; HapOAHH neBa'! npeHOCH
OBora jYHaKa y BpeMCHOM HCyHHIllTHBy
BH3Hjy:
JOIU ociiia()e DOIUICO Jyi06uhy
Kpciiiaut My ce ao Kocoay Buja;
JOIU 'pllaii:mu TypICe Ha 6YIbYlCe,
Kao COICO iiiUlce iOlly6oBe.

Y eIlcKoj HapoAHoj noc3HjH jaBJba ce

Kao rnaCHHK 0 KocoBCKOj norn6HjH H
BJianeTa BojBona (BYK 11148), - Moryhc
enCKO ccliaH>c Ha 60caHCKor BCJIHKailla
BJIaTKa BYKoBHlia.
p,'n.

ftRHCKC), M llciilopujC1CU (0 MCTOPHj

CKMM AoraljajMM!l oJt XII B. AO AaHac),
KOjH CC 1'aKoljc }leJIH Ha BHIllC U;HKJlyca:
I\HKJIyc HCMalbMha H Mpl:baB'IeBHha,
KOCOBCKH U;HKJIyC, IUtKJIyc KpaJbeBHlia
MapKa, EpaHKOHHlia H JaKWHha,
UPHojcuHha. YrpH'mha H xpBaTCKHX
OUHOBa, xajAY'IKH H YCKO'lKH, u;HKJIyC 0
oop6aMa :m ocno6oljel:bC IJ;pHC rope H
Cp6Hjc H IlHKJIyC nccaMa HOBHjHX Bpe
MCHa - 0 6op6aMa y OaJIKaHCKMM
paToBMMa. ,y npBoM CBeTCKOM paTY, 0
HUPOAHOOCJIo6oJ\Mmi'IKoj 60pOH.
HR O;rtpeljCHoM CTynlby pa3Boja cnCKa
HapOAHflnoc3Mja ce 06JIHKyjC H ooraTH
TCM<lMa y BC3M C jCAHOM JIH'IHOillhy H
HoraljajcM. Haj'lewhe OCHOB '1HHH
KaKBO MC'fOPHjCKO 36HBal:bC HJIH JIH'!
HOCT, a cnCKa 'feMaTHKa CC oooraliyje H
rpaHa npHnoUCAHHM TeMaMa. TaKo cc
CTBapajy cnCKC 6Horpaq)Hje jYHaKa y
OKBMPY pa3JIH'IHTHX necaMa Koje, CC HC
MQpajy 1I0Be3HUlITH HHTH Y3ajaMHo
nonYlbaBllTH. He CTHraBmH Aa ce
,pa3BHjy y xOMoreHY TBOpCBHH)' ella,
nojenHHM I{HKJIYCH 'IeCTO ce TeMaTCKH
,~pcIJJlHliy
H.M,-D,

UPHA rOPA, B. neCMe 0 6bp6llJ11a aa

oCllo6o!Jf!1be UpHe rope.

UPHA KPAJbHUA. B. IfpHa Kpaml

'lao

y-xvn

264

tlapOJ\HY lloe3Hjy (encKY) npe

Ma TCMaM!l M JIM'IHoCTHMa. lbnBajajy
ce 06H t IHO ABa rJIaUHa u;HKJIyca: Heuc
tTtOPlljCKIl (TCMC MHTOJIOIllKC H XPHIll

uHKJIYC. C~Y'I1 ~ecaMa, 06H'IHO .en

CKHX, rPYIlHcaHHX OKO HCKor Aoraljaja
HJIH JIH"IHOCTH. KpyroBH Ha KOjc HaIllH
HCTpa:liCHBa'lH, I10CJle BYKoBe TC
MaTCK0-XpOHOJIOmKe nO)'.lCJIe, KJIaCH

UPHH 60r. bO:lKaHCTBO ,n:oacr CBe

w (npCMll l.IajiilHoBHny), baBO y CMHC
JIy 60:liCjcr II06p~THMa (I1pCMa eBpon
CKHM H c:nOB~aCKHt-t npcAal:bflM1!).
XepMOJI}\ Ora y xn:B.. CI:IOMHlbC. iao
oox<aHCTBO' IIOJIanCKHX . CJlOBCHa.
naHAaH 6ellu 602,' A06pH oor, oor .
CBeTJIOCTM, Hnp. y H3pCU;H: HC BHAH
oeJIor Dora.
.H.M,-D,

265

)
II~

'"!

QPHOJEBIfIlH. Blla~apCKa nOpO~H

H O~Hoca y nOpOI\HUH (JOBaH UBHjHli
Ua y 3eTH. llpBH rryT ce cnOMHlbe 1331.
ra Y3HMli Kao HllYCTpanlBaH npHMep
Bna~allH y 3eTH ~o 1499, Ka~ je OHa
o~peljeH()r nCHXOllomKor THI1a). lle
rrpHI1alla CKa~apCKOM CaHl,laKaTY. HajS<I'I CTapau MHllHja H y ~pyre JIHKOBe
3Ha'IajHHjH 'IllaHOBH rropOAHue: Ciiie
YHOCH 60raTCTBO CBOjHX ocehalba;
au (1426-1465), MaaH (1465-1490),
CHarOM 110CTCKor TaneHTa O)[{HB.lbaBa
13ypab (1490-1496) H CiUeaH (1496y enH30)(Hoj llH'IHOCTH, CTapl\Y Je3
1498). 0 UpHojeBlumMa rreBa HeKO
~HMHpy, CKPHBCHY He)[{HOCT H .lby6aB
nHKO errCKHX necaMa, yrnaBHoM MO
KOjy ycaMJbeHHK y ce6H HOCH; y CTpaH

THBCKHX, C MallHM ocnalbalbeM Ha HC

KHlbH HCI.lCCTH I1llCMCHHTY oc06y KOjOj
TOpHjcKa celialba. 1
cy "ialIl'l'llH,a 0 CpCliH H .lby6aBH ;n;paro
)KeHH;n;6a MaKcHMa UpHojeBHlia
I(CHHja 01( MaTcpHjallHHx Bpe;n;HOCTH H
cna;n;a y Hajnerrme neCMe C TeMOM 0
.lbYI(CKH IIpHXBaTa .lby;n;CKe HeBO
jYHa'lKoj )[{eHH~6H. llpeMa HCTOPHj
.lbe.

CKHM rrO;n;auHMa, MBaH je HMao TpH

Y Hapol(y. OC06HTO y UpHOj fOPH 1'1
CHHa: 'Byplja, CTe<paHa H CTaHHmy. Y
XepuenmHHH, )[{HBe H MHora npo3Ha
llHKy MaKCHMa, H3 nOMeHYTe enCKe
IIpCllalbli () HnaHY UpHojeBHhy, Kora
neCMe, Ca'lYBaHo je,. celialbe Ha ;n;Ba
H<l31-lBajy HBan-Gcr, no KOMe H H3Bec
6paTa. 'Byplja H CTaHHmy. 'Bypalj je
Hii nOKUllHTeTH H(lCe HMe, HJIP. MBa
6HO O)[{elbeH Mlle'laHKOM, a rrpe~ Kpaj
HOBa KOpH'ra. Y H!lpo;n;y ce rrpH'la ~a je
)[{HBOTa OTHmao je y TYPCKy H yMpO Y
Ha ~BOpy HB!lHa UpHojeBHlia (qapHo
Malloj A3HjH; CTaHHma je npHmao
jCBHlia) )[{HBCO ByK Aoj"leBHli-3no
cyllTaHy, rrpHMHO HcnaM, H 6HO Y
hCBHh (II.), lbcrOB n06paTHM, MY~PH
cny)[{6H TypCKe. OBa enCKa rreCMa
IIpH'lamlll, 'lHja ce rrpHrrOBe;n;alba2 y
cna;n;a Meljy Haj~y)[{e y BYKOBHM
Hapo~y lIaMTC.
3anHcHMa; BHCOKe je YMeTHH'lKe Bpe~
r.n.
HOCTH. TeMaTcKY OCHOBY neCMe 'IHHH

1 By": IIIHII. <)0: V1I36. 45: liorHIlIHh 76: MHnyrR

HHTepHaUHOHanHH MOTHB 0 3aMeHH
1I01lllh 7U.
Heyrne;n;Hor Mna;n;O)[{elbe nenHM H

q
QAJKAHOBH'Ii, BeCeJJBB (18811946), KllaCH'lHH <pHJIonor, rrpo<pecop
Beorpa;n;cKor YHHBep3HTeTa, <pOJIK
nopHCT, eTHOJIOr, KOMrrapaTHCT H rrpe
BO;n;HnaI(, 'lllaH CARY. CTY;n;Hpao y

JIajnuHry H MHHxeHY. ll03HaBaJIaU

CTapocnoBeHCKor H xe6pejcKor.
BaBKo ce aHTlf'IKHM 36HpKaMa 6acaHa
H nOCJIOBHua H nopeAHo HX C HaIllHM.

2 CT. MIITPOIl iby(iullla. njJU'Ialba BJ'lCa )1oj'le

HaO'IHTHM MOMKOM, y neCMH JOBaHoM
mtfilt. 11177.
06peH6erOBHlieM. lleCMY je BYK
3anHcao o;n; neBa'la CTl!PUa MHJI~je,
QYDAJhKE. KpaTKe maJhHBe neCMH
KOjH je 6HO "IyBeH neBa'l, yrrpaBo no
lIe Koje ce neBajy "eUM y3 PI:ITaM nyn
~06pOM neBalbY OBe neCMe 0 )[{eHH;n;6H
Kalba Ha KpHny. llO'IHlbY 06HqHO
MaKCHMOBoj H 0 BaHoBHhy CTpaXHlbH.
PHTMH'IHHM CTepCOTHnHHM YBO;n;OM

BYK ra je nocne ;n;Boro;n;~lber.. :,rpa

"Ona. Ilyna TaHaHa HJIH Xon, nyn Ha
)[{elba, rrocpe~CTBoM KHe3a MHJIoma,
Kanyn, Ila 6H y ~eKonHKO CTHXOBa
Hamao H 3a6ene)[{HO )[{en,eHe neCMe.
;n;aJIe rrpH30pe H3 nOpO;n;H"IHOr cseTa
lleCMa 0 MaKCHMOBoj )[{eHHA6l1: OAJI~
IIpHJIaroljcHe IleT-eloY:
Kyje ce BenHKOM cHaroM rreCHH'lKO
.:..;n;paMcKor 06nHKOBalba mHpOKHx
YjlK vepe j(/zm)e
CueHCKID! BH3Hja, OKYllJba/:ba cBaTOBa.
jai{)(?e Ly PYMellC
rronaCKa ITO ~eBojKY, ;n;apHBalba y
KlIW py.llfe y Melie.
Mnel\HMa, anH H BenHKHM rrcHxo
.fClZ{)()e CV (,Ilam",e
nOlliKHM nOHHpalbeM y errCKe nHKOBe H
.felle 011.;/ iitl/UKe.
o~Hoce Meljy .~HMa. JIHK .MBaHa
'UpH9jeBHha je neCHH'IKH H3BajaHa;
AeBojKli HOCH .MO~KY y pemeTY'paKH
; ;n;y6.oKa. pC~OJIOmKII: ~Hja rrOHOCH . '.' je, ;n;a ce .!ia!'lHjc, O~ KOMapua pe6ap
!
TOr, H' MamTOM nOHeTor ;n;HHapc!'OI' .. I.\!I, o;n; MyUIijUe ;n;yIUHue.
paTHHKa naTpHjapXallHOr ;n;pym'FBa,
B: J1,e'lje 17ecMe.
lberOBor o;n;HOca rrpeMa c.rpaH()M CBeTY
H.M~t..

266

Cue nalKlllljc 'WallKC 113 OIlC o6naCl'll caKynHo

jc BujllCllII1I 'Bypllh (Mul1i u pellu'iuja y Cp6a,

CK3. IIIB).

BIIIIH II CH(JpaHa nella H3 cpnCKC

pcnllrlljc II MIITonornjc. I-V. 1994.

'-lAPAlbA. TajaHcTBeHa, MarHjcKa

pa;n;lba rrpnlieHa pe'IHMa. Hajn03HaTHja
cy ;n;eBO.iulKa HllH MOMa'lKa 'lapalba
Koja ce Bpme An 6H ce OCTBapHJIa HeKa
.lbY6RBHa )[{eJi,a HllH- ;n;03Hao cyljeHHK.
(0 ZP'lKUM U PUMCKUM U3BopUMa P.o
ACBOjKU, Hnp. yMHBajyhli ce paHo
cuillejeBux 36upKU 6acQua, rO;n;Hlli
yjYTPO roBOPH: YMHBaM ce xna;n;HoM
lbHua H. qynHlia, 1914, XXXIII,
BO;n;OM, jnpKH'M CYHUeM, Ii Mora ;n;paror
91-131; 0 3eH06HjeBoj 36HPUH
3eHHuOM!
3aCHOBaHa Ha MarHjH pe'lH H nOKpeTa,
nOCJIOBHI(a H.lbeHHM H3BOpHMa, Cno
'!apalba 06Hllyjy 1I0HaBJhalbHMa, allH
MeHHK CAH, 1914, LII). Y BH3epTH je
l'epaUMjaMa, aCOHaHl\aMa, "IeCTO Belli
'3a BpeMe rrpBor CBeTCKor paTa 06jaB
TO HaljcHHM H Cl'BapaHHM pe'lHMa:

.lbHBaO Hapo;n;He rrecMe, rrpHI10BeTKe H

MMaM I\pary--. y 3J1aTHe mITH YHH
. rrOcnOBHI(~. lloKymao je HH30M 'lllaHa
heHa. cpe6pHoM 6pAY y6pljeHa, ja Te
Ka )'.Ia H3BpmH peKOHCTpYKUMjy crape
;n;pare HC MOry H3 3nRTHHX HHTH H3HH
. cprrCKe pe,1IMHje, Ha OCHOBY <pOJlK
THTH, HHT je lI.mry 1'13 cpe6pHa 6p;n;a
nopHe rpalje (H3 OBor pa;n;arrpOHlJlalH
H36PJ.lHTH... !
.
HH3 CTY;n;Kja H3 peJIHmje H <pOJIKllOpa,

Cna;n;ajy y rr01(BpCTY Bpa"lalba.

Kacl;IHje' o6jaBJheHHX y XXXI KlbH3H

H.M.-t..
CE3, 1924. Kao 1'1 06HMHa CTY;n;Hja O

Cpi1cKOM f;lPXOBHOM 60zy, lloce6Ha 1'13

, qAP.1J.AK HH HA HEliY UU HA
~alba CKA CXXXII,1941).1
3EMJhH. BajKa H3 36HpKe BYKR Ka
qajKaHoBM je 06jaBHo 06HMH)' 36Hp
palJ Hh_a (npllfioBlljeiIiKe, 2). ByK je 3a
Ky cpnCKHX Hapo;n;HHX rrpHnOBe;n;aK~ 1'13
IIHC:10 011 KHe3a MHXaHJIa 06peHoBH
pYKonHca CAHY H I1porrpaTHO je KOM
ha, KOjH jc cnymao o;n; CBOjHX ;n;a;n;H
rrapaTHBHHM 6eJIelllKaMl\, KP1;fTH"IKHM
n,a. llpCI\CTaB.lba n03HaTH THill nplAe
KOMeHTapHMa II. HH30M BapHjaHaTa.
o TpelieM xpafjpoM 6paTY KOjH cnacaBa
36HpKa j~ rpaljeHa no cHCTeMY' ApHe
ceCTpy 01\ 3Maja.

OBHX THrrOBa rrpHI10Be~aKa (CE3, XLI

BajKR cc 01(BHja 110 CBHM rrpHHUHIIHMa

1927).. AHToJIomja CpilCKe. Rapooue
. npriBHJIHC opHaMeHTH~e cBoje CTpYK- .
upuiloeeillKe (Beorpa;n;, .1929), If 36HP
l'y\?e: 3Maj OTHMa ceCTpy, Tplf QpaTa
OA!la3e' y' rrO'fpary. 3a lbOM, TpeJm je
Ka. neiiiuaecill CPUCICUX. 1iapoo~ux
npoHa)Ja3H; OHa My y -rpeheM. HOK:Y
ueca.Mll (Beorpa).t. 1925),' npe~CTaJhamajy QTKpHBa TajHY 3MajeBt{ cHarc,
. jy pa}lOBe Ha .KoMriapaTHBHqj . <ponK
6paT ra y6Hje; HH3 'Jap;n;aK CnyIllTa cec
JIOPHCTHUH. BaBHo ce HCTOPHjOM Haille
Tpy H 1'13 TpH co6e TpH ;n;eBojKe; Tpehy .
enCKe Hapo;n;HC KlbH)[{eBHOCTH.
HaMclhyjc ce6H; npeceKaBlliH onyTY o;n;
H. M.-t..

y.

267
/:

""""'!"r

3eMJhe no '1apnaKa, Gpaha ra HaIIYIIITa

jy, seH'laBajy ce C neoojKaMa, lberoBY
;n:apyjy <J06aINeT)'; Ha AaH CBa;n:6e CBoje
Hsa6paHHl{e, TpehH 6paT 'I'pehH I:ryT
nOJIehe Ha KOlbY H OTKpllBa CBOj Hj:(eH
TRTeT; HCTHHa H3JIa3H Ha BHneJIO H OH
OCTaHe na napyje.
Ha Me~H CTaTH<JHor H nHHaMH'lHOr,
GajKa IIoBe3yje )KHBOIIHCHe CJIHKe
KpeTalba jYHaKa ca OBor Ha oHaj CBeT,
oGyxBaheH JIeG):IehHM 'lap):laKOM y
06JIaD;HMa, ca cBojCTBeHHM ):IHMeH3Hja
Ma o6acjaHHX IIoeTCKHX IIpoCTOpa y
KojHMa )KHBe, yXBaheHH y Be'IHOCT
IIOHaBlbaHHX panlbH, JIHKOBH TpH neoo
jKe: 'BeBojKa je):lHa cjenHJIa ca 3JIaT
HHjeM ~ep~eq,oM H 3JIaTHOM )l{HnOM
Be3JIa... npyra 3JIaTHe )KHne HCnpena
na, Tpeha 6Hcep HH3aJ1a, H IIpe):l lbOM
on 3naTa KBO'lKa C IIHJIHhHMa 6Hcep
Klbyn;ana. CTaTH<IHa BH3Hja ceo
CKQ-SRTeIlIKor 6JIarOCTalba AOIIYIbeHa
je CKJIanHHM CHaralbeM 6oja: BpaH
KOlb,3a j;lCHHMa CTajao... C TaKYMoM OA
,'1HCTOra cpe6pa... 6HjeJI CTajao C TaKy
MOM OA 'lHCTOra 3JIaTa... KyJI,aTaCT... '
):IparHjeM KaMelbe,M HCKHheH. .Jf3oJIa
D;Hony OIIny cBeBpeMeHoCTH H MHpa
npoGHja HH3 npaMaTH'lHKX, nOHeKaA
):IYXOBHTHX, 1l0HeKan CYPOBHX panlbH:
60pGa ca 3MajeM, YAapD;H 6Y3nOBaHOM
Koje pH oceha Kao yjeAe 6yaa; 6an;albe
CTpene ca 3aKa'leHOM OnyTOM KOjOM ce
jYHaK Ilelbe; nOJIeTalbe Ha CBan6y H
y6Hjalbe 'loGaH'leT,a - JIa)I{HOr MJIa):lO
)Kelbe, HT):I.
H.M.-li.

1 Aalb301.

'fJAPOJUIlE. I10BOPKa 'y KOJO] HAY

'1apojli'lflPH - tiapojD;H y ;riaHHMa on

I1ITHX 3anYIlIH~na:: 061i'IHO HM je 'JIlin;e

. '. 'HarapaBlbeao, OGyq~HH' cy Y ''!ynaBa .

.. o):leJi.a

e, npHIIIHBeHHM )KHBOTHlbCKHM
~O)KaMa HJIH penOBHMa, 3BOHe y 3BOHa,
cKynlbajy AapOBe. I1PH TOM neBajy
HapO'lHTe neCMe. 06H'1aj ce KOn Hac
3a):lp)KaO y npHMopjy, ,n:aJIMaD;HjH,
jY)I{Hoj Cp6HjH.
H.M.-'ll,

268

qE~BHK. XCKTOP MaHpo (Hector

Munro Chadwick, 1870-1947), KnaCH

'IBM q,Hnonor, ClBrmlCT Ii repMaHHCT,

npoq,ecop YHHBep3HTeTa y KeMOpHI,ly

OA 1912-1941. TIPCB<lCXOnHo npoyqa
IHIO CpeltH)H BCK. OCHHBa'l KeM6pHI.l
CKe IIIKOJIC apxeoJlorHje H aHTpOnOJIa
nljc. Y3 IUl3 3Hll'WjHHX CT)'):IHja, OIIpe
AeJIHO CC 3a KOMIIapaTHBHO H3yqaBalbe
jYHa'IKor nOO<1, KilO CTynlba y pa3
BHTKy JhY/tCKe UMIJHJIH3aD;Hje, Koje ce
orJIena y paHoj CIlCKOj noe3HjH CBHX
Hapona (Heroic Ag<', 1912). MCTe HAe
aJIH Ha JOIll umpoj YilopeAHoj
OCHOBM, M3JIa)KC 3ujcnHo ca cyilpyroM y
MOHYMeH'rllJIHoj CTynMjH The Growth of
Literature. /-1Il. London 1932 - 1940.
M3Y'lasujylm
HaCTaHaK
)KaHpOBa
YCMCHHX KlbH)I{eBHOCTH, Kao I1ITO cy
rp'IKa, rcpMaHcKa. KeJITCKa, caHCKpHT
CKa. <1HrJIOCaKCOHCK<I, pa3MaTpa H cpn
cKoxpsaTcKY HapOltHy noe3Hjy (KlbHra
II, CTP, 299-456), ,n:aje IIOneJIY HallIe
CIICKe noc3Hje 110 IICpHOnHMa: no XVI
BeKa, XVI-XVII seK, 3aTHM XVIII
BCK, H O}t Tora spcMeHa, Kan IIO'lHlbe '
CIIHKa 60pGc 3a oCJIo606elbe OA
TypaKu. rOOOpM 0 AeMoKpaTH3auHjM
noe3Hje, 0 aHTaCTH'IHHM Ii JIereH~.
):It1pHHM TCMaMU, 0 HCTOPHjCKOM aM6H
jcHTj',O lICB8 t IHMU; aHaJIH3yje D;HKJIyce
H nojcAHHc nCCMC y lbHXOBOM OKBHpy.
MCTtltlC aYTQ)cTOHoCT H eBOJlyn;Hjy
Haille i10C3Hjc, H<lrnaIlIyjyhH lbeHY
~eJIHKY C1'apHHY.
H.M.-n.
qEJIEIiHJA. YCTalbeH Ha3HB 3a
l\apeBHha HJIH MJIanHha IIJIeMeHHTOr
nOpeKJIa KOjH ce Haj<leIlIhe y MYCHH
MiuicKHM 6aJIU):IaMa nOAaje. y3 'HeKO
CTepeOTHIIHO MMe.
H. M.-li:

iJ()6AHCKE nECM:E. I1occoHa Bp

CTa M<iKCnOHCKHX HapOnHH?C 6ana~a.
npe~fa. nOJleJIH 5pahe MH.JIaAHHoB.a~a.
TIoCToje YCBHM CTo'lapcKHM KpajeBH
Ma HalUe 3eMlbC non Ha3HBOM: OBqap
CKe. ctaHOBCKe H IIaCTHpCKe,
BaTajyhH ):IOC1'a pa3HOBpCHe rpyne
lIecaMa. OneBajy )KHBOT Y IIJIaHHHH,

y')"pll 2'lI ,,"U.lbOM 1I3H1fHw)a,

yje')lwM Aly mliwje'll! lJlW,
IlllHlueJl/ljll OCIUll 1I11 H02U.MU,
lAllfill iiw)e y Ilipllfiy i/pea weJlO,
MpiTIflU ZJllmu ell :wAI:lhe 20eopu:
Til ClI, [(et)o, j ... y AlII Iliu neny
Jep Ale IlitlKO lIa iipef'llpe wY'leUl.

60p6y C xapaMHjaMa H HaTIIpHpOAHHM

CHJIaMa. OB'Iap I1ejo je 06H'lHO rnaBHH
jYHaK. 'lIHCTO lbyGaBHe neCMe MeIlIajy

ce

C POj\OJby6HBHM

(llejo

CBHpaJIOM

BOlbeHoj neoojD;H npeHOCH nopYKf na

ce AHrHe ceJIO npOTHB xapaMHja).
H.M.-li.

XarHorpaCKHM
eJIeMeHTHMa H3
JIa3apeBor KynTa, BHIIIlbHh cnaja
KOCOBO ca CPIICKHM YCTaHKoM, AOAa
jyhH My lIyHH ):IYXOBHo-eIICKH OCHOHan;
H HaD;HOHaJIHY CHary KOHTHHYHTeTa,
aJIH H KClO CTBapanan;, Kao He06Y3AaHH
neCHHK GyHe, H):Ie H ):Ialbe. Y H3He
Ha~yjyhc HeO'leKHBaHoj Ca):lp)KHHH
nopYKe MpTBe rnaBe, pyIlIH noeTCKY
KOHBeHI\Mjy, H nyIlITa I1aHTeJIHjy ):Ia
CO'IHOM celba'IKOM nCOBKOM Typ'lHH)'
onrOBopH H yMpe, Kao 06H'laH '10BeK,
oHaj HCTM I1ITO CTOjH Ha HoraMa H
IIOCJIe CMPTH, "y cy60T)' Ha CooTor
[(UAl.uwpuje u C H>UAI. r.llUlopuje,
Jla3apa, jep Y lbeMY HMa H nyxoBHe
wpehu 6jeUle [(aJIIH>un KywUluanalj,
CHare H JiKHBOTOOpCTBa 3eMaJbCKor.
a 'lewepwo [(aJIIlbIlnoeuh lIuHWO
'IOKEWUHA. Ha3HB HaCelba H CTa
por MaHaCTHpa nocaeheHor Eoropa
):IH'lHOM YCilelbY, HCHOn IIJIaHHHe Uepa,
y 3aIIaAHoj Cp6HjH. (06HOBHO ra
MHJIOIlI 06peHoBHh.) Y HapO):lHoj
IIoe3HjH Be3yje ce 3a ooj Ha 'lIoKeIlIIDiH
(16. arrpHJI 1804), KOjH je oneBao BeOMa
HanaxHYTo, aJIH HCTOPHjCKH peanHo,
~HJIlm BHIIIlbHh, C IIOCe6HOM lbY
6aBlbY IIpeMa JaKoBY HeHanoBHhy,
GpahH HeAHhHMa H lbHXOBHM xepojcKH
IIOrHnyJIHM ):IpyroBHMa:

jeaHol padua u jeonol iioiJIeoa,

jeane hyou, U jeoHe iioMUCllU;

H.M.-n,

(BYK. IVI26)

BH3Hja GHTKe Kp03 TaMY on npaxa

nyruqaHora, 3aBpmaBa ce onecKalbeM
HO)KeBa H ca6aJba H enCKOM GecMpT
HOIlIhy HaABJIanaHHX CpGa:

Te aHahe ee H>UHO ptia6oj~Ulwe,

001<: je Uepa U BuoojeaUl{e
u HQ He6y cyHlja u Mjeeell,u
pe Heoahu jeey iiOlIlHY.llU.

,n:p)KehH ce TpaAHn;HOHaJIHOF .0nHca

6H,!,Ke, nO'IeB 0):1 eKCn03HnHje C raspa
HOBHMa
rnacHHn;HMa. AO TYMa'ielba
nopa3a H3AajcTBoM (oBAe GeKCrBoM
BOjOOlle nyp'IHje. H OABo~elbeM qei-e,
HCTOp'HjCKH nOTBp~eHH'M'), ~HJIHn BH
. I1IlbHh YSOAH cn;eHy MernaHa ,n:ep
BQIII-are on 3B6pHHKa c I1a'HTOM ,l(a~
. lbaHoBHheM, Koja nj>enCTaBlba jeAHH
CTBeny tHM6H03Y CHMOOJIHqHOr, HaTf
paJIHCTH'IKQ-xepojcKor H lbY):lCKOr y
HaIIIOj HapoAHoj noe3HjH:

qPHA KPAJIHIlA (llpa8 KpaJbu..a).,

TIpeAalbc ca HHTepHaD;HOHaJIHOM Te
MOM 0 3JIOrJIaCHoj rocnoAapHnH yseK y
.l:IPHOj onehH, Koja ci:: o6ehaJIa ~aBOJIY.
tIeCTo ce O):lHOCH Ha Eap6apy UelbCKY
(XV B.), rOCIIOnapHlO' MenBenrpaAa, H
Barparu Erdoli (XVI B.), rOCIIO):lapHnY
Uecaprpul\a KO]t KYMpOBn;a (y BpeMe
celba'IKC GYHC). 3aAY)KHBIIIH cBoje
CJIyre caMO 3JlHM, IIpH ):IonacKY TypaKa
npeocTajc ):Ill jc 6p'aHH jeAHHo ~aoo,
KOMe ce o6ena. TIOCJIe lbeHe CMpTH y
rpany oC'I'uje 6J1aro Koje qysa 3MHja.
KIIA ra HCKO nOJlHpHe, IIpeTBapa C~
ynllb. no tIajKHHo13Hny ~pHa KpanH
Ita je KopeJ:!a'f l\pHOr 60ra.

H.M.-n.

QYJiEJIMli. TnpTKo (po~eH 1913),

KlbH)l{enHH HC1'opH'Iap, npolef,::op tia> ,
POAHC K~H)I{eBHOCTH Ha ~HJI030q,
CKOM q,aKYJITeTY y 3arpe6y. rJI. AeJIO:
CJHIKa ()pyuuuaemix U /cyJliiiYPHUX

iipUJHIKlI Y Hauioj HapooHoj euul,u

(1961), TIHcao 0 HapO):lHHM DJIeCOBHMa

H npHpeJlHO aHTOJIOrHjcKe H360pe ca

-[(epeuUI-fJ'iu lIuHwy oomdl.eo,

269

'/yfiuh pili)" t)"

YBO]lHHM paCllpaBaMa. EaBH ce H31'la

BalbeM IJoeTHKe Hap0.I\He KlbIDKeBHOC
TH (Yeoo Y KfbWICeeHocill, 1961,
CTHJICKQ-H3plUKajHe KapaKTepHcTH
Ke Hap01tHe KlbIDKeSHOCTH, CTp. 61

ZIlUCH.IIK H.e

ooe:

Cafill?o.A1 (jetle, 1I Alp/Wlla iia3u,

l.py'iO,M PYKOM. fiY3t)OIJUH.OM. iUY'lI:.

ilOlUYPllljO, MexAlel)-KlIileiUalle!
OuuaplI ("(I' t)U ,e jio'illet)aM.O,
l.1I 1J1Il)II.AW llllja je CUI) M a'lea

108).
P.Il.

Mil' je lTIlloja, 1111' he Ulli"liu Aloja

'luju 1111 je (){) <'lTIap'lIle fiLllla.

qYIUffi, CTOjaB

(y. 1815), BojBO]la

IlpBOr cpllcKor YCTaHKa. cTapHHOM
,IJ;06pHJIOBHh H3 U;pHe fope, IIocBojqe
Y Kylm QYIlHha H3 Hohaja. HCTaKHYT H
yrJle]laH jYHaK; rro rrponaCTH YCTaHKa
H36erao; 'IHM je H36HO ~pyrn cpncKH
YCTaHaK HaCTaBJba qeTOSalbe; H3]1ajoM
0]1 TypaKa rrory6JbeH. OMHJbeH jYHaK
errCKHX necaMa 0 6op6aMa 3a OCJlo6o
:gelbe Cp6Hje, Koje ra Ha3HBajyrocrro
~apeM, HJIH JOIll 'Ieillhe 3MajeM 00
}{ohaja. FberoBH rrO~BH3H H HeYCTpa
IllHBOCT oneBajy ce y 6pOjHHM neCMaMa
Koje je <1>. BHllllbM lleBaO (Eoj Ha
MIillIapy., BYK IV, 30; Eoj Ha Canamy,
BYK IV, 28 H ~p.);

lIYllHh je HMao 'ICTY O]la6paHHx paTHH

Ka (EjCJlHh HribaTHje, IV, 35),
BeOMa je BOJlcO H l\eHHO JIerro opyx<je,
ooraTY paTHHtlKy onpeMy H ~o6pe
KOlbe. EHO je BCJlHKH Jby6HTeJb HapO]l
HHX cnCKHX rrccaMa H ryCJlapa; y CBOM
]lOMY je ~p)Kao II. 60raTO ~apHBao
<l>HJIHrra BHllllhHha; Y3 lbera je CJleIIH
ryCJlap H30erao 1813. y CpeM. llecMa
"XsaJIa tfYlmhcna (BYK IV, 36) Ilpe~
CTaSJba Y HallleM encKOM HapO~HOM
nesalhY YMCTHH'IKH HejycneJlHjH rrCH
XOJlOIIIKH nopTpeT YCTaHWIKor paTHH
Ka arOHCKor THna.
P.Il.

J,IH,IJ;OBHHA. Y eIIHI\H jyroCJlOBeH

3a6aJle)KCH je y CTHXOBaHGlM 06JlHKY y

MHorHM necMaMCl.1
B.Jl.eJltlja oeBojKa.

CKHX HapO]la, MYIllKO HMe, Haj'lelllhe

~HBOBCKor npOTHBHHKa, 06l1''lHO Map
KY KpaJbeBHhy, 0 'lHjeM je rropeKJIY
]lOCTa pacrrpaBJbaHO Y Hayn:H. Y MaKe
~OHCKHM rreCMaMa ~HB ce crrpeMa ]la
noxapa CBeTY ropy. llOTH'lytm H3
CTapHX rrpe~alha 0 ~HBOBHMa. JIHK ce
KacHHje Be3yje 3a pa3JlH'IHfe MOTHBe.

H. M.-'B.

I Jl. MHpjullnl!Hh. Xpt/lIluCKe HflpooHe UjeCMe,

3arpcu ISM. up. 3: MH. II. op. 49; CGOpHHK 3a
lIapoJllil1 YMOI'I!0pcllllja. 1. erp. 62. HTj{.
J'"

J,IH,IJ;OBKA ,IJ;EBOJKA (y

MaKe~OH

CKHM neCMaMa ApaaillKa). HMe ~HB

-]leBojKe Koja ce y CYK06y, Haj"'1elllhe C
MapKoM KpaJbeBHheM, Kora )KeJlH 3a
MY)Ka, nOKa3yje ja'loM 0]1 lhera. ,IJ;e
BojKa .06H'1H0 HMa TpH cpn;a, HOCH
BpeTeHo, CaM}'p-KannaK, HojeBo rrepje.
MapKo je y CTpaxy, HrraK, y6Hje. OBaj
HHTepHaI\HOHaJIHH MOTHB, n03HaT II. y
1001 nohu. H y CTaporepMaHcKoj H y
<ppaHI\ycKoj BHTCIllKOj KlhIDKeBHOCTH,

. '.
'

..

270

J,lOHHli. YpOUl (1887-1968), KlhH

)KeBHH HCTOPHtIaP H ynpaBHHK YHH

H. M.':S.

271

sep3HTe'l'CKe 6H6JlHOTCKe y Eeorpa~y,

o~ 1924-1941. llHcao 0 rrpeBo:gelbHMa
CPllcKoxpsaTcKHx Hapo~HHx rrecaMa
KO~ CJIOlICHal\a; Ha'IHHHO H360pe Ha
pO~HHX IIccaMa II. rrpHrroBe~aK\'l ca
yBO~HHM pacrrpasaMa: Ceeillu CaBa y
napooHIIM II. YMefijnU'IKUM. iieCMaMa
(1935), C!3emU CaBa (1936, 1943),
CpiicKe HapooHe upuiioaeillKe (194~), .
CpiicKe Hltpoi.J.H.e iieCMe (1942).
p.n.

III
YrrpaBO 300r CC6H cBojCTBeHe pea
JIHCTH'IHOCTH, ycpeAcpeljeHocTH Ha
jeAHY CH1'YaJ\Hjy Koja Mopa 6HTH
CJlHKOBHTH H KOHKpeTHa H rrOCJlj')KHTH
Kao AOCKOK 3<1 H}{ejy, 3a jeAHo 3a
mDKalbe UJIH H je,naH CHHTeTHqKH cyj:\ 0
lhynHMa, cpej:\HHH, peJIHrHjH, j:\pymTBe
HHM CJlojCSHM<I, IIOJIHTHUH, cBaKOj:\
HeBHUH - maJbHSa npHqa je H Hajpe
rHOH8J1HHja H HHjHUl.\HOHanHHja, anH H
HajYHHBCp'lanHHja oA CBHX rrpHrrOBe
Aa'IKHx Ilpera HHmcr rroAPyqja.
TIo jeAHCl OIlIllTCJI,ynCKa oco6HHa (MY
APOCT, rnynocT, rpaM3HBOCT, 3no6a,
nYK,lBoel'), Koja cc npHrrHcyje MaxOM
H.M.-",
HHOHHMHHM HOcHoUHMa paR:H>e y no
'l'eHI\HpaHHM CH'fYal{HjaMa. Be3yje ce,
IDAJbUBA llECMA. 06YxBaTaH H
Bpno 'ICCTO 38 o}\pcj}eHe nHqHOCTH. 11
AOCTa 'HeyjeAHa<leHo, yrroTpe6JbaBaH
THA8 ce OKO OBHX nH'IHOCTH, Kao y Mar
Ha3HB KOA CBHX jyr.OCJlOBeHCKHx Hapo
, HCTCKOM II(}Jby. caKyrrJbajy CHTY~Hje
Aa 3a nHpcKe rreCMe, 6anaAe. ITa qaK H .
Koje onpcljeHY OCOOHHY HarnamaBajy.
enCKe'rreCMe C'XYMOPHCTHqKOM HJlH
TIoerajyilH npanH 'fHrroBH, OBe nHq
CaTHpHqHOM rroeHTOM; HeKaA 3a rre
HOCTH JIQOl1jajy H31!eCHY HaUI10Han
CMe, Koje cy caMO rrepCHq,na)!<a HeKor
HO--COl\HjaJIHY ooojeHOCT. TaKo je KOA
36HBaH>a, Aorai)aja, o6wIaja, HaqHHa
ep6a Hajll03HuTHjH AOBHTJbHBal.\ Epa;
neBalba U>Hrj,l1 .KOlba KOMap MOMqe
Hn IIOAPY'ljy UPHC fope BYK' ,llojqe
MJIaAO... fneAana ra MYxa yAOBHUa.;
!mh, Meljy XpmITHM<l TIeTpHua'KepeM
MOMa Koja MaJIO Be'lepa, BYK 11708).
,nyx (noHapoAlbcHH Trin OjneHmrrH
. Haj'lemhe. ce rieBajy y3 rrHhe, y
ren), KO}1 MaKeAoHaita I1Tep I1ejo, y
ApymTBy, Kao cBojeBpCTaH BHA 3a6aBe.
MycnHMilHCK0-TypCKoj cpeAHHH Ha
H.M.-a.
cpaAHH Xoua, KOn CnoBeHaf(a I1eTep
KJIenel\. .
mAJbUBA llPU1JA. KpaTKa rrpHqa,
MHomTllO maJbHBMX npHqa CBoAH ce
3aCHOBaHa Ha KOMHUH petIH HJIH
H<l HCMcnalbe lIoCTynaKa 'IHTaBHX eT
cHTyallHje. OrrHcyje jeAaH' A9rai)aj, . .' RH'IKH!, .rpyn~ MJI M COl.\Hj<l!IHH~ cpeAH'~:
jeAHy' ,OC06HHY; Aaje jeJlaH oAroaop,
. Ha oA CTpaHe Jlpynt eTHMqI<;e rpyrre HJlH
. qeCTo je 3acHo:s~a .aa' Hecnopa3YMY
c~.lllJ.tjaJIHC GpCnIiHC .(~. n.oj}pyia'lUI{e) .
KOjH T1p.oH3n~3H H3 yilOTpeo.e CTpaHHX '. ~<pnHKT ce 3a~HJma qeCTO B'a pa3nH
pe'lH. XOMOHHM81 nOKaJlM3aMa, H3. 6YK
1l!'!.Y_J10HPY'ljHM<I 3Hufba H H!iTepeco
lIalba (cclhaK Kynyje carrYH MHCJlehH):la
BanHor CXBaTalba peqH (JIelbH CeJbaK
je CHp. cl'ill3Jba Hao'lape MHCJlehH Aa je
C(L.rrOrOAHO . Aa ra ra3na xpaHH' H
TO HallHH na HaY'1M Aa qHTa): XYMOP
.9.P:1Ia'Ht;,.na..o.CTao ne:>KehH - Q'IeKyjyhH
BCJIMKOr fipoja npM'Ia 0 BepCKH'M npeAoc;:rnapelbe IloroAoe).

mAJHOBU1'l .JJ:AMJAIi. JYHaK

6yrapmTHQa (BOrnmHh, 6p. 10, 11) H
jeAHe rreCMe H3 EpnaHreHcKor PYKO
rrHCa (6p. 18). I10MHlbe ce H y rreCMH
KOA BYKa. CMPT BojBoAe KaHue .
YBeK ce Be3yje 3a BpeMe 'Bypi)a
BpaHKoBHha, qaK H y OKBHPY HOBenH
CTHqKHX TeMa (y 6yrapmTHuaMa H
EpnaHreHcKoM pYKorrHCY). Kao HCTo
PHjCKY nH']HOCT crrOMHlbe ra KOHCTaH
THH <I>HJI030q, Y )J(ueoiily Ciileana
JIaaapeeulia. Y CMeAepeBcKoM rpaAY
jej:\Ha ce KyJIa 30Be IllaHHOBa (TYPCKH
maxHH=coKO).

.I

I'

".

I!]

,"

Ii

1
II

\'

273

i':

II,
',

i!

I,

I,

I,'

'I

CTaBHH[(HMa npOH3JIa3H H3 HeCarJIac

,HOCTH lbHXOBor n03HBa H lbHXOBor
nOHailialba (!Ion e. YT.OnH HaKO Mj'ca
06aJI~OBOpe na HM ;uii PYKY, jep HHje
HaBHKao"Hijrnia )l,a )l,aje - Tpeoano MY
je-peliH: Ha none PYKY!).
XYMOP KOjH H36Hja H3 cYK06a Ha
Ha[(HOHaJIHD-):lpymTseHoj OCHOBH HMa
BpJIO TaMHe TOHOBe H ):Iaje je;UHY BPCTY
CHHTe3e, yBH):Ia Y oniliTY CHTYanHjy.
TaKBa je npHqa 0 TYP'lHHY KOjH 0;Qy3H
Ma ;UOMahHHY nOene):llbH OCTaTaK MeAa
KojH je caB Morao CTaTH HaBpx KaIIIHKe
- a OH):Ia ra HaHOBO npe6Hje, Tpa>KeliH
My BHIIIe, jep lje je 6HJIO 080 oHlje jOlII
HMa. rOp'lHHY caTHpe HMa BelmHa
UpH'la 0 Ka;uHjaMa, araMa, oerOBHMa H
lbHXOBHM nOCTYIIItHMa npeMa pajR.
maJbHBe npH<le cy yrJIaBHOM je;u
HOenH30):lH'IHe, aJIH Mory 6HTH H
BHIIIeenH30;UH<IHe. Ta):la HMajy TeHlleH
nHjy npepaCTalba Y HOBeJIY. IIpBe
36HpKe IIIaJbHBHX npH'la H3):laje BYK
BpqeBHh, YO'laBajyhH H lbHXOBe nO):l
BpCTe. 1

mAPAll.. l.]YBCHH lIIapeHH KOlb Map

Ka KpaJM~BHha. He06H'IHHX oco6HHa :II
l1opeKn<I. no jeAHoM npenalby MapKO
ra je ll06HO 0-" BHJIe: 3aTO MO)Ke
AOCTHilH H BHJlY PaBHjojJIY; no ):IpyroM.
KynHo fa je K30 M3JIO ry6aBo )K):lpeoe
0):1 KHpHl.mja. H3HeHaljeH lberOBOM
cHaroM. mapal\ rOBopH qaK H TYPCKH,
nHje BHHO. POHH CY3e, npe):loceha CMpT
CBor rocno;uapa. lberOBO nOHaIIIalbe
cnaAa Y HHTepHaIlHOHaJIHe CKJIOnOBe
MOTHBa 0 jYHa'IKHM KOlbHMa, Hepa3;UBOjHHM npHjaTCJbHM3 'lYBeHHX jyaaKa
(POJIaHItU Hnp.,
H.M.-1i.
WAP-nJlAHOHA. WAPA. IInaHH
Ha Ha MeljH jY)KHe cp6Hje H MaKe):lO
HHje. Y nCCM8M3 cTepeOTHnHO HMe 3a
IlJIUHHHY y BC3H C neCMaMa 0 CTO
'HlPCKOM <lMoHjeH'ry, <IeCTO C Jby6aB
HHM MOTHBHMa (Ko):l OBaua y mapH
I1JIaHHHH, map-nJIaHlffia nyaa 6paBa
1 Mcljy H,HMa 'IOO'1H cnaBa, HaBaJIH
ce map-IlJIaHHH3 Te npHTHcHY 1 TpH
OB'lI.1pa, HnH 3aHClJIH ce map-nnaHHH3):
.

H.M-&.

1 CpUC1<e HupOOHe UPuU08u/~UI1<e, iioHujauule

1<paifi1</i U UUL/bU8e. AY6POBHII.K, 1883; 1888;
HapooHe xYMOpucifiu'lK:e fuulIlJIuqe U oopa
.l2uqe, AYOPOBHIIK. 1885.

HHX YMOTBopHHa TOKOM npBe nOJI. XX

B., yrJlaBHOM C IIonpY'lja XepuerOBHHe
H UpHe rope. Ca6pao je BeJIltKH 6poj
encKHX HapO):lHHX necaMa, Ty:lK6anHn a,
np:HIIOBenaKa. 3HaTaH neo OBHX OCT
Bapelba HMa O):lJIHKe HH):\HBH;uyaJIHOr
nOCTalba C BH):lHHM peMHHHcneH[(HjaMa
Ha paHHje oojaBJbeHe 36HpKe. nHcao
3a HeKe OA 36HpKH yao)lHe pacnpaBe,
Meljy KojHMa ce HCTH'!e OHa 0 TY)K6anunaMa U 0 neCMH 0 norn6HjH CMa
HJI-are: CpilC1(:e HapooHe iilYJIC6Mulle.
Beorpa;u, 1929; CpftcKe H.apooH.e ilje

CMe, 1929; CpilcKe HapooHe ilpu'l.e,

1931; HapooH.e ilpu'l.e (6ajKe), 1954;
llpau cpilcICu yciilaH.aK, 1954, H ;up.
I'.n.

"H.

I
i

H.M.-'S.

nlAYJllffi, AIIH~B (1?99-1988), npo~

.<pccop, HCTOpH'mp KlbH)KeBHOCTH: Y
KlbH3H 113 HaUle KfbtlJICeBHOciilu (i938)
mAnKA-PEB; KY3MBa (1834-1908),
oaBH ce HapO):lHHM neCMaMa. IIoce6Ho
MaKe):lOHCKH <pOJIKJIOPHCT, Klb~eBlIo;UPY'lje lbeHHX HHTepecoBalba cy
l(fHK, npocBeTHTeJb. Kao Y'IHTeJb np.o: '" 1I0enOBHHe (0 H3):lalbHMa HapOIUJl'lX
iloenOBHlta, 1<1>. 1951/52; 0 10BaHY
Be9 BehH ):leo )KHBOTa y MaKeIl0HHjH,
pa;UHo Ha H3):1aBalbY IIIKOJICKHX yuMYIllKaTHpoBHhy. 1<1>, 1955/56, Klb.
. oeHHKa Ha HapO):lHOM ~a~e):lOl:iCKoM
XXI; 0 JIHKy )KeHe y HapO):lHHM
je3HKY. Spaha MHJIa;uHHOB[(H cy MY
noenOBHltuMa. 3H)K0, '1971, Klb. 45;
OHJIH npBH Y'lHTeJbH; n03HaBao je
'lHToJIorllje ca YBollHOM CTY;UHjOM Ha
.KyxaqeB pa;u, Ha BYKa' KapaUHlia ce
pO~HX 1I0enOBHl.{a H 3arOHeTKH, 1962,
n03HBao, CaKynHo BeJIHKH 6poj HapO):l:1964; JIHKOBH HapO):lHHX ryenapa,
HHX neca,Ma OaJIKaHCKHx HapO):la,
O):lHOCH IIHcaHC H YCMeHe JIHTeparype:
lberoBa 36HpKa Hapo;UHHx YMOTBOJ1oc.uiTiej iipeMu HapOOH.oj KfbUJICeB/-JOC
I'HHa 3aY3HMa'ocaM TOMoBa C60pHuKa .
iUu\ Koriile:iKHh, 1977,. XIV-XV; 0

oat 6';t1iapCKU HapQQHU Y,MOiliBOpeHU-' '.HeKaiI!opblX cjJOllbKILOPH.blX MOilluBax Y

'" ja, ItIII-IX, "l891~1894. 06jaBHo je . l18,a :A,jop!ltlO. "PyCCKHA: CPOJIbKJIOI?;
)KHBOTO"nlic Spabe MHJIa;UHHOBana,.
1884; OCTaBHO ayT06Horpa<pHjy. lbe'"
rOBa Haa6paHa oella, I-V, 06jmeHa
cy Y CKOnJbY 1976.
H.M-"&'

274

1978, XVIII).

. .
H.M.-'!>.

mAYJllffi, HOBH~a (1888-1966),

npaBHHK, CKynJba'1 H H3):lasa'l HapO):l

I
1I

mop
HMe rpa;ua Ha CaBH y KOMe
je ;ualby 3aKJIOlbeH O):l cyHIla )KHBeO
TporJIaBH nap TpojaH, npeMa Hapo):l
HHM npeAalbHMa. 3a rpa;u mHpHH H
BeJIHKO je3epo y OKOJIHHH Celba Be3yje
ce npeAalbe 0 CB. Dopljy.
H.M..:a

MCHor )KHBOTa CIIHKe. Haj3Ha'lajHHjH

cy My pai\OIm: 0 eiicKoj ueCMU Y CpeMY

(1932); HeKll ofjJlW(!l eucKoz ueeal-ba Y
iipotlUloctTIu (1934), ne8al-be ya ilieii.
clljy (1937), l1.lfCl IIU 6yiapUl.iliul~ y
pJWHZCHCKOM pyICouucy? (1936),
npOI(eCII eiiU3a1(lIje y o61laciliu CIlO
6eH.CKOZ HapOOHOl. i1ecHuUl.iU8a (1953),
Ha.l"-lHlI e"ciiepII.'.feHiTi ca eUO,M (1956),
Ctuyollje 0 fiyzapmifiu1IU
YOBajal-be
i1peiio31111l1je (1958), yaoiilpe6a oeMu
H)'tUU8C1 (1959). EiiutTIeiilu ICao XpOHO
1l00llICII KpttiUepujYM (1959), Byiap
ClliUmca II c)ecciTiepa'IICa eilUKa (1960),
jC3111(V 6yzapl/l/uIIlCa (1960), Ciilyou
je (] fiall/{(IHcKII.lf fiallaOHrIM MoiUuBUMa
(1966. 1967). nllluafbc MapiilollolUlCe
eiiuICe (1958).' AII6aH.CKa H.apOOHa
el7llKa (1963). nOHOBO oojaBJbeHO y
KH)HraMa Cafip(l1le clla8UciUu'l.lCe U
fiallKaHolloUlKC paciipaBe, Klb. 1(1971),

Klb. II (1973). KH,. III (1971). Klb. IV

(1976).

v.n.

WTPEKEJb, KapcJl (1859-1912), eno

mMAYC, AJIOj3 (Alois Schmaus,
BCH~KH H KJIllCH'IHH <pHJIOJIOr. SaBHo
1901-1970), CJIaBHCTa,<pHJlOJIOr H
ce KOMlmpa,,\,HBHoM itHHrBHcTHKOM,
KlbH:lKeBHH HCTOpH'lap, npo<pecop yaH<pOJIKJIOPHCTHKOM' H HCTOPHjOM KlbHBep3HTeTa y MHHXeHY, ype):lHHK 'Iaco)KeBHOCTH. npo<pCCOp CJ!,OBeHCKe <pH
nHca Die Welt der Slaven: Je):laH 0;u
JIOJIOrHjc YHHBcp3HTeTa' j rpauY
OCHHBa'!a It ype):lHHK IIpHJIora npoOCT3BHO 3H3'mjHe Hay<IHe IIpHJIOre H3
. Y'laBalbY Hapo)lHe noe3Hje, SeorpaA,
OOJIaCTH CTHMOJIOrnje. H3):1aO je
193~1939. JJ:yrOro):lHlIIlbH JIeKTOp 3a
!Varodno blago vogrskij Slovellcev y
HeMa'lKH je3HK Ha YHHBep3HTeTY y
)Casopisu za zgodovinu in narodopisje
1910-1911. 06jaBJbHBaO CPOJIKJIOPH
Seorpa;uy. Y Tpa):lH[(HjH HeMa'!Ke enaBHCTHKe, lberoB pa;u o6yxBaTa IIIHpOKO
CTH'IKt: Ii KlbH)KCBHe pacnpaBe H rpaljy
nOJbe. CTYAHja H3 06JIaCTH je3HKa, a
y Jby6Jbl1HCK0M 3BOHY, y ))Archiv fUr
sfavischc Philologie, J1eTonHcy, H
oc06HTO KlbH:lKeBHOCTH (cpncKe, xpBaTCKe, 'leiliKe H PycKe), Kao H 6anKa300PHHKY MU'1'Hue enOBeHCKe. Ype
HHCTH'lKHX TeMa. mMayc je BenHKH' -"HHK je H3BpcHe KpHTH'lKe 30HpKe
;ueo CBora pa;ua nOCBeTl!O KlbH:lKeBHHM
CJ10BeHa'IKHx HapoAHHx IIecaMa H3
CTY):lHjaMa CTapHjHx nHcana (}:(. 06papyKonHca M3THI\e CJIOBeHCKe Slo
;UO.BHli, lberoill H. MIDKypaJlh H.AP.).
\'E'lIfke n"rod.lU! pesmi I-V,. Jby6JbaHa
CBe 'BpeMe H HajBHIIIe OH npoy'laaa' 1895-1923. KOjy je noene llieroaeCMp
Harny Hapo;uI.IY Ka>!DKeBHocr, OC~HTO. . Tid npey3co I. fnpH.ap.
H.M'-D.
.ellCKo neBalbe. Hacl'aBJbajyhli. MeT0):l' . .
. .
'.
T. Mapernha, H3Y'laBil npoJl1JIoct."H
WYPMUH, 'Bypo (1867-1937), KlbH
IIeCHH'lKe O):lHOce YCMeHor neBalba Y3'
)KeBHH HCTOpIl'mp H nOJIHTH'lap, npo
TepeHCKa HCTpIDKHBalba Koja cy HeKa
<pecop Ha Ka'1'CnpH 3a KlbH:lKeBHOCT
BpCTa HaCTaBKa MYPKOBHX HCTpIDKH-'
<1>HJI03OpCKOr q,aKYJITeTa y 3arpe6y.
Balba pernoHanHHX O)l,JlHKa H caBpe

275

llHcao 0 XpaaTCKOM npcnopo;ny (19031904); 06jaBHo Xp6aiiicICe cuoMeHuICe,

3GOpHHK cpC;nlbOBCKoBHHX, yrJlaBHoM
rJIarOJbCKHX HcnpaBa Ha HapoAHOM
jC3HKY EaBHo ce q,HJlOJlOlIIKHM
HCTpIDKHaalbHMa. HanHcao llo6ujeciii

ICfbU:JICe6HOciiiu xp6aiiicICe U cpucICe,

1908, nocachyjylrn aCJlHKH .I\CO HapO;n-

HOj KlbH)KeBHOCTH. npoY'Iaaao je MO

THae HapO;nHHX neC<lMa H npHnoBC;naKa
(0 COJlOMOHY, PajcKoj nTHnU, KPCHOM
JWBY) nOBOAOM 1I3J:(aJDa Mamue xp
BaTCKC IlHCaO 0 3Ha'Iajy nojc.I\HHHX
BpcTa nccaMa. npHKa3HBao ;np)KaBHa
H3;nalba BYKOBHX 30HPKH H ;np.
H.M.-'B.

CKPA'BEHHUE
Antti Aarne - Stith Thompson. The Types

of the Folktale. Folklore Fellows Com

Aath

munications, Vol. LXXV, N!! 184, XCJI

CHHKH 1961.

"pancKH

Archiv fUr Siavische Philologie, Berlin,

ap.
Archiv

1/1876,
Arkiv zu povjestnicu jugoslavensku, Za
greb, 111851.

BaJlTa3Up BorHIIlHh, Hapoi}He ujecMe

Arkiv

E. (EorHlIIHh)

lIa cifiaplljllx, Haj61ltlle ilpUMOPCICUX aa

iillca, CpncKo Y'ICHO ;npytnTBO, Bco

rpall; 1878.
.HHKoJla BerooHh. CpiicICe Hapoi}He
iijecMe 113 llulCC /I 5aHuje, Klb. I, 3a

H. BcroBHn

rpe61885.

BJlaAHMHp BooaH. Hapoi}Ha ICfbUJfCe6

BOBaH

HOCm C,ma HQ KOC06Y,

I-X,

J~;nHH

CT80, llpHUlTHHa, 1980.

lohanes Bolte und Georg Polivka, An- .

merkullgell zu dell Kinder - u. Hails

marchen der Bruder Grimm, I-V, Leipzig.

B-P

1913-1932.
BocaHcKa BHJla. J1HC'r 3a 3aGaBY. no
yKy H KtbH)KCOHOCT, CapajeBo, I

BB

1885-1886.
a..

BH.I\eTH
MaTHja Ba1hascl(, Hapoi}He .UpOU06
jecifill y Bapa:JICi}uHY U OICOAUqu, 3a

(M.) BaJhaBe~

rpe6, 21890.

BMa
.

'.

J. BOJf<lHn

. Bp'IeBHh,'TIPHuoBHjeTltc

",.

JIUCT 3a 3aGaay. KH>H)K"eBHoCT H HayKy,

Eeorpan1I1865.
.
:.'
JaKoG BOJl'lHh, PyKonHC MX, 59.
BYK BP'ICBHh. CpilcICe .Hapoi}He upu
uOimjemlCe 110 Haj6Ulue ,Kpawxe ll
wa.lb1l6e.:,UyGpoBH.HK 1883.
ByK CTecp. KapaI)lIh
CpncKe HapoAHe njeCMe. KlbHra upBa y
KOjOj cy pa3J1H'IHe )KeHCKe njecMe.

ByK
ByKI

ilpocae1'a, 6corpa}l, 1964.

276

277

BYK II

BYKm

BYKIV

BYKV

BYK,PKn.

BYK, fipHn.(OBHjeTKC)
Byx:. )1(!mOT H 06H'IajH
rHJbq:,Cp~HHr-EoBaH

rHtI
rJlac,CKA
rp'l.
r3~,HC
]b. 'ScHHh

CHrJl.
EpJI. pKn. (EpJlaHrcHcKH PYKOnHC)

)J(raHeQ

360pmiKMCU

3mKO
'.

~.:;.;

HKMY.

'HHrr

. MHY
HTaJI..
JaCTpe60B

CpnCKC lIapOJ~HC IIjCCMC. KlliHra npyra

y xojoj cy njecMc jYHa'iXe HajCTapHje,
fiPOCBC'fn. Ecorpan, 21958.
CpncKe HapoJIHc njecMC, KlliHra Tpeha
y KOjOj cy njecMc jYHa'lxe cpe~lliHjex
BpeMeHa, fipocBcTa, Eeorpa~, 21958.
CpncKe HapOJ\HC IIjccMe, KIbHra '!C
TBpTa Y KojOj cY IIjecMc jyna'lKe HOBH
jHX BpeMcHa 0 BojeB8lbY 3a CJIo60AY,
ripocBcTa. EcorpaA 21958.
CpncKc HapO,l\He njccMe, KlliHra nCTa Y
KOjOj cY PU3J1H tIHC }KeHCKe njccMc (AP
}KaBHO H3J\8a.c). y EcorpaJ:\Y 1898.
CpncKc' HapO,l\HC njccMc H3 He06
j8SJbCHHX PYKonHca BYKa CTeq:,.
Kapal.lHhll I-IV. CAHY.1973-1974.
Byx CTc1>. Kapm.mh. CpncKe HapoAHc
IIpHnooHjcTKC. EcorpaA 1928.
BYK CTc1>. KupaUHh. )1(HBOT H 06H
'mjH Hupona cpnCKor. CK3. 1957.
A. fJm1>cp):(HHr. Co6paHue cOilLmeHl/j.
III. EOCHH8.rCPllcroBHHa H CTapaja
Ccp6HjU. C. fic'I'cp6ypf, 1873 (npcMa
EOBUHOIIOM IlHTaTY. HapooHa ICfbLl
JlCeBHociii Cp6a Ha KOCOBY)
rOAHruthHQU HHKOJIC tIymiha
rJlac Cpl!CKe KpaJ1,eSCKe aKa].IeMHje
rptlXH
rJlaCiUlK 3eMaJbCKOf MY3eja Y Capa
jeBY. 111889. HOUlI cepHja '
Jby6Hma P. 'BCHHh. EpcICe .M.yopo//Uje'
tIajeTHHu 1976.
eHfJleCKH
repxapil rC3CMUH, EpAoH'ieHcICu
PYICoiiuc CpiicKoxpaaiUclCux HaPOOHUX
iiecaMa, CKA. CpeMcKH KapJlOBUH
1925.
'BHHKO )}(rUHCll, XpBaTcxe HapOnHe
njecMe KajxaBcKe, MaTHQa xpBaTcKa,
3arpe6, 1950.
. 360PHHK, pa):(ona, HaY'!HH caCTaHax
CJIaBHCTll y ByKOSC AaHe, Me~YHapoAHM cnauHCTH'IKH lleHTap
.
3(iOPHHK 3U, HapOnHH }KHBOT H 06H'laje .
JY:lKHHX CJlaSCHa, 3arpe6, 111896.
.
. 'HHCTHTYT- 38 KlliH)I{eBHQCT H YMeTHOCT
. 'Hc:r8PCKC HapOJ\tlC npHtIe
',',
MHCTHTYT 3a Hap0,l\Hy'YM()THOCT
HTaiIHjaHcKI1
.
H. C. JaCTpe6oB. 06uttou u ilf;cHU Ty
pellICtlX Cep60B, C. fieTep6ypr, 1886.

278

J<I>

JY}KHOCJ10BCHCKM 1>HJIoJlor, Eeorpan,

1/1913.

Jyrocn[mCHCKU aKancMHja 3HaHOCTH H

YMje'fHOC'fH
BojHCJIaU JOBaHoBHh, CpilclCe HapooHe

B. JOBaHoBHh
iipuiioeel7iKc. AH'f0J10rnja, 31932.

Katmh
AHnpHju Ka'mft MHomHh, Pa3'iOBOP

.VlOOHLI Hapooa CAOBuHcICo'ia, CT. nH

Cll,H xpoaTCKH 27. 21964.

KOHrpeC <pOJlKJlOpHCTa JyrOCJIasHje

KcI>J
KHha. JlHCT 3a maJlY. 3a6aBy HcKynJba- .

KHha
the Hapo):(HHx YM(YfBOpHHa, Eeorpa):(,

1905.

KIbHfa

, Kib.
DJla}Ke KOHCCKH. 36upICo Ha .M.aKeOOH
E. KOHecKH
CKIl HOPOOHII t1ecHLl, CKonje 21947.

BJlanHMHp KpacHh. HopooHe upu

B. KpacHh
iioBeil'iICe I-II, K~Hre 3a HapoA, Ma

THll,a CpllCK8 1897.

naTHHCKH

naT.
JIeTonHc MaTHI{e cpncxe, 111825.

JIMC
Max Luthi, Dus europiiishe Volksmar

M. Luthi
chen, 21960.

Mal)apcKH

Ma~.
MaKenOHcKa ClKa/{eMHja Hayx:a H yMe

MAHY
THOCTH

Maja EOIIIKOBHh-Stulli

MEC
,
.:...MHIT .
MCTapcKe Hap0,l\He npH'Ie
I
HapoJiHe npHIIosHjeTKe, 3arpe6
-HIT
1963, Kroatische Vo1ksmarchen, Die
Marchen der Weltliteratur, Koln, 1975.
Maja EOIllKOBHh-Stulii, PyKonHcHa
MEC, PyKOflHC MHY
, 36HpKa IIpHnoBenaKa H necaMa MH
CTHTYTa 3a Hap0J:\HY YMjeTHoCT, y 3a
rpe6y

MaTHIl<l xpBaTcKa '. .

'MX
XpsaTcKe HapOf\He njecMe. I-X, 3a

-XHfi
rpe6, 1896-1942. .

<l>paH MlII<:YJIH l Il.1h, Hopooite ilpuilo

MHKYJlH'IHh
8uetUICe 1/ iijecMe L/3 XpaoiUcKo2 Ilpu
,,,,"opja, Kp.aJbei3HI~a 1876.

(Epaha) MifJIan~HOB1UI ' MHJIanHH0!31{H, 360PHHK (1861-1961), '

CKonje

lly6po llojKosHh, O;!\H. CHMO MHJly

~HJIY~HHosHh
THHOBHft CapajJlHja, IljeaoHuja IfPHQ.
'iqpcICa 1/ xeplfe2oBaillCo, JIajrniHr 1837.

Mojllimenta &erb'i,cu
: Mon. serb.
~

MC
MaTHI~a cpn.cK.a.

EpaHKo MymHIlK'H. C;pilcKe HapooHe'

EpaHKo,Mym~H
t1ecMe, ficlHtleBo 1875.

BJlanaH HenHh, AHiUOA02uja Hapo

HenHft
OHI/X AUPCKLIX LIeCa.M.a, Eeorpaj:\ 1969.

JA3Y

~.

279

HeM.
A. HHKOJlHh

HCMa'lKH
ATaHacHjc HHKOJIA1r,"CpUCK'e HapOOHe
I1plItlo8etTiK'e. Bcorpan. 21890.
feoprHje HHKOJIlfh, CpiiclCe HapooHe
l1ecMe U3 CpeMa, JlIlK'e u BaHuje. HOBH
Can 1889.
HapOAHOOCJlo6onHJIatlKa 60pGa
HOBa cepHja
BoroJby6 IIeTpaHoBHh.
CpiicK'e HapooHe iijeCMe (JlCeHCK'e) I.
Capajeao 1867.

fp. HmcoJIHh, CHII

HOB
HC
IIe1'paHOBHli
-I

-II

CpiicK'e Hapo()He iijecMe U3 bocHe u

XeptleZ08llHe. II. CapajcBo, 1867.
CpiicK'e HapooHe ii.jecMe U3 BocHe u
XeplleZOflltHe, III. CapajeBo 1870.

-II

-II

III

IIKrn:~

npHJl03H 3a KIbH)KeaHOCT, jC3HK, HCTO

pHjy H tPOJlKJlOp. Beorpan, II1867.
Pan KOHrpcca (CaBc3a ynpY)Kclba)
cponKJlOpHCTU JyroCJlaBHje, II1952.
'oop!)e PajKoBHh. Cpl1cKe HapooHe fiec.,e. HOIlH Can. 1869.
.
MaHojno By6ano KopnYHam, CpncKe
HapoAHe njecMc CJlHjerrqa Pane Pal):a'
jHha, HOlm Oil}, 1891-1892.
AHlIPHju Ka'lHh MHomHh, Pa3'loBop

Pan K(CY)~J

'B. PajKoBHh, CHII

PanajHh Pane, CHn I-IV
Pa3coBop
.

yZOOH.ll Hapooa CIIOBuHcKo'la

K. PHCTHh H B. JI.oH tI8PCKH. CpncKe

HaponHc upHlloacTKe, HOBH Can 1891.
PYCKH
CpllcKa aKaneMHja HaYKa (H YMCTHOC
1'H)

PHCTHh-JIolf'JapCKH, CHn
pyC.
CAH(Y)

SAZU
C60PHHK 3a HapOAHH YMOTBopeHHja
CE3

. '.

CKA
.CKf

CK3'
CnoMeumc CKA

'"

Slovensku akademija znanosti in u'!le

tnosti .
C60pHHK 3a Hapo/IHH YMoTBopeHHja,
CocpHja
.
. CpncKH eTHorpatjlcKH 36oPHHK, CKA,
1/1894.
CplJ~Ka Kpa.rpeacKa aKaneMHja .
CpncKH KfbH)KCnHH rJlaCHHK, Beorpan,
111901.

CpncKa KH,H)KCBH~1 3anpyra

.
CI.IOMeHHK CpncKc KpaJbeBCKe aKaRe-
MHje, I/188i . .
.
.
. .

M. CTOjaHoimh; nIIII
{P.)C1'pOX8Jl, (X) HIT
I

280

Kif>.

OHe iijeeMe II llplliioBlleOKe U3 BocHe,

B. 'B.0pOBHh (CHII) .
cpp.
XeKTopoBHh, 1556.

BYKoBap 1883.

BnanHMHp 'B.opOImh, CpucKe HapOOHe

ilPllllo8lljetTiKe. HoaH Can, 1906.

cppaHl\ycKH

IIeTap XCKTOPOBHh, Pu6a1be u pu6ap

CKO iipll'loBapa1be, BeHcl\Hja 1568

(TeKCTOIlH HapOI\HHX necaMa H3 1556)

Kosta Hormann. Hapoolle DjecMe My

CIIIIMalla Y BoeHll1t XepljeZ06UIlU, I-II,

K. XcpMaH

Capajcllo,21933-1934.

ynopenHTH

yn.
XHII

Xp8aiiicK(! llapOOHe upuuo8ujeiliKe,

UAHY
qajKaHoBHh
DIafiKapcB,36oPHHK.
DIayJlHh, CHII

H3}\albe Ma1'HUc xpBa1'cKc

UpHoropcKa 3KancMHja HaYKa H yMc

THOCTH

BeCCJlHH qajKaHoBHh, CpiicKe Hapo

oHe iiplllloBetTiKe, CE3, XLI, 1927.

K. A. IIhJl1KapeB, C60PHHK 01' 6Jlcap

CKH HapOnHH YMoTBopeHMja, Coq:mja

1892.

HOBHl\a IIIaynHh, C;,ucKe HapOOlle

llpll~e,.

KIb. npaa, CBCCKa .L IIonCOpHl\a 1922.

KIh. npaa. CBeCKa 2, Beorpan 1925.
KIb. IIpna, cnCCKa .3;Beorpan 1931.
HOBHl\a IIIayJIHh, CpiicKe .HapooHe

- III
-II2
-II3
D:IaYJIHh~ CHIT

..

ii.jecMe,

KIbHra npBa. CBCCKa 1, Beorpan 1929.

- III

HanOMena:YKOJlHKO Y3 yo6H'IajeH ~aCJIOB

y3 necMc' UHjC uaBenen 6JlIDKB 6n6J1nQ
rpmpcKII llon:aTaK. neCMa jc n3 B)'KoBe

3611pKe.

.'

Slovenske Ijudske pesmi

SUP

Kif>.

CpncKc HapOnHC npHIIOBC1'KC

HHKona TOPllHHal\, Xp8ailicKe Hapo

CHII

H. TopnHHau

Xp(JQlTtcK'e HapooHe I1jecMe u upuuo

BetTiKe, I, Bap8)KnHH 1868.

Xp8ailicKI! HapooHe iipuUOBueOKe,

lIlt Kap~oBal.( 1904.

PHK.4>epllHHaH}, IIJloXJl - XCpnSHI"OB,

P. llnOXJl - XepnBHrOB

Xp8atTicKe HapooHe t7puuoBueoKe,

I, KapnOIl8l\, 1901

MHja1' CTojaHollHh, nY~Ke Ilpuuo8je

tTiKe Ill7jecMe, 3arpc6 1867.
l'ynoncp CTpoxan
XpaatTict<:e HapooHe tipuUo8ueoKe, KIb.
I, PHjeKu 1886.

281

~~

nOJMOBHHK
AHeKCaHAap BeJUlKH, POMaJI 0 198, 220,

243

AJIeTllH, lbo, ceKpeTap )ly6pOBa'lKe

Peny6JIIIKe 198

AHaJI1I3a, eCTeTll'lKa 53

AHraJKOBaHOCT lloe3IIje 187

AHApnh, l:lBo 161, 249

AHHMaTll3aM 10,24,25,70,79-80,182,252

AHHMII3aM 10,25,70,79-80, 89,182,252

AHTponoMop$1I3a~ja 99

AnOKplI$lI, CTap03aBeTllll. 233

AnoKpB$He TeMe 12, 47-48, 78, 91, 136,

178.189.216.263

ATPII6YTll JIIIKOBa 173

AYTOXTOHOCT HapOJlHe noe3IIje 268

,,'

.~

'

BaHOBII, xpBaTcKH 192

,BapaKoBnh, Jypaj 197

BeKCTBo

- BBJIe 48

- YMaHaCTIIP 223-224

BeHer 29

BeceJle 27 '

BII6JIIIjcKa $a6y~a 88

BII6JIIIjcKe JIereHAe 57

BlIorpa$nja

, - enCKa 257,260-261
-,encKO-nOeTCKa 126-127,223-224
'BuTKa 29. 33,122,186-188,260-261,269

BlIhe

- MBTCKO 48, 94-95

- HampBpOJlHG. 48

- TOTeMCKO 94-95

BJIaro

- Komilbe 29-30, 232-233 ,

- nqrpoilieHo 90-91,172,223-224

, BJIR3aH~ 260-261

,: B'or:,6eJlll 65, 265

" ,

, B-or Mp;t'BBX 65, 245, 265

, BoraTam HeMBJIocp,llHH 57.71-72

BorlIlba naraHCKa 129

BorOpOJlHll;a 178

BOJKaHCTBO (B,II CneTar()

- BereTaTBBHO 233-234

- BPXOBIIO 260

- ):\Olber cneTa 55.265

- )K1lTa 233-234

llJIOJlHOCTII 111

npoJIehllo 79-80

- CBeTJIOCTH 79-80

- CTapHHcKo 111

- TPorJIaBO 245

XTOIlB'1iI0 245

Boja, $YUKII,Uj3 6, 264, 268

BOKa'lo 173

Bop 3eJIelln 118

Bop6a

- Bora H ClIT3He 263

- 33 HeBeery lOS-109

BOCllJb3K (y BOAn) 50

BP3)(8, o6pHjaHiI 87

BpaTltMJbClbe CBoroM 106-101

, BpaToy61f1..'TBo 11-12.146.210

Bpalla HJlII 6pilT 103. 162

cYKo6146. 236-237

- TPelllI 23. 26. 267-268

- y6UCTBO Ylle:3IIaibY 210

BpAO. lloMcpeno 223-224

BPKOBH, IJlfIIOBCKU 151

By36eK, ayCTpHjcKH l{HllJIOMaTa 197

BY3AoBau 90.126-127.156,236-237

BYll3p (JKIIBOT y 6.) 58

BaTpa

- 113 He6eca 223-224

- kao MllmjCKo cpeACTBo 223224

- lleBalbe.y3 186

BepcHHK, MpTan 137

BepHOCT

-'JKeue 233

-,OT31,J6HU1l196

, -, CJIyre 196 ,
. BnJIa 235:236 .' .
- Jby.60BI\1I 2:.l5-236 ,

- nOMoJillllK y lIenOJbIl 147-148

'

- noccCTJiHMa 48,147
- npHja'reJJ.t-'TBo ea n. 151

,- CllBeTHlIK YlIellOJbH 112

283

'.

- CMeTa rpa)tall 196

BliTeUlKa HanMeTaaa 'if]

Bmna ClVIa 136

nBo60j 97-98, Ill, 147. 148,164-165,172

- ne'IaKa ca 3pelIIIM paTlIBKoM 97-98, 250

251

BJIanapeB8 TajHa 34-35.153-154, 245

- OIlIl HcOila twjll ce lie npeno3Bajy 97-98

Bo)ta 54

- I13 KaMeHa 223-224

- lIeKOBlITa 221

- nOCTaje ropKa 54

- nOCYTa lKlITOM 50

- qapo6Ba 227

BojRa rpaJlJltla (KPajlma) 61, 83-84, 189,

260

BpXOBIm oor CTaplmCKH (B. II CBeTa~.

BpXOBHII) 77

ByK (BYKO)tlIaK)

- OOlIliK 3a l)aBolIa 77

- XPOMII55

- ca ApanHHoM 131-132,147-148

neBojKa

- BepeHIII~a 231

- nelIllja 87, 94

-AIIB 271

-nOMnIDJbaTa 66.70

- KlIeTBa ntmoja'IKa 115-116, 144

- KylIT A. 72. 98

- OJtHOCH je 3Maj 233-234

- npenpomeHa 26

- nporoaena 31. 185. 214

- paTHHK 66. 94

- cKyl)eHa 61. 72. 98

- COlIYHCKU 233

- cycpeT ca n. 122

- ype'leHa 48,87-88

- YTOruLelia 223

UeMeTpa 233

neMoHR 23,74

- 'lyBapli oJiara 29-30

neTe

6olIeCHo. KIlO Ka311a 360r poAllTeIbqcor

rpexa 138

- )"UljeTe rpyjHl\a 235-236

- nOMIIWIban 129

- :lKeH~ HMeABenil 151

- :lKpTBOBaIbe 88

- MyIIlKO. lIa pYKaMa y IIrpli 130-131

: onpel)RBall:.e cYllolilie n. 240

npeTBopelio y jarlbe 63

- paTIIHK 97-98

- CIIH je)tllllall 227

- Tyra 3a n. 138

neTey6III~ \27

nllB

- npOTHBIIHK MapK(lB 271'

- J,lUII jeWIOOlill 68

UnBKOBuh. MaTHja 199

nHja,rIeKTII'IKII (lIlHOC

- TpanHl\Hja'1I CTBapalIal\ 254-255

.nHjanor 190

- ca cYHIleM HMecelloM 138

nliHaMII3aM 60-61

.nHpeKTall II }Ull\lIpeK'raH rOBOp, cP)'HK.l\Hja

200
.

nllcPY31101lIllllM'19:r :
,

nOMHlJlJLaR.nOl!flTIbHBalt 26; 28, 68, 74, 83,

101, i29.170. 181,247.

'

npBO

- KylITIlO 79-80

- onceAHYTO 172

UpeHoBHlla 147-148

Up)J(llh. MapHH 196

ranpaH rlIaCOHoma 33-34. 230-231. 243,

264-265

reHealIornja 36-37, 74-76, 103, 132-134.

156.163,172,223-224,238,250

reHoBeBa 214

replIax, CrecPaB 197

Gesta Danorum 35

rlIaBa

- 3aqehe 1I3 r. 263

,- MPTBa nporoB~p~ 269

- o)tceqeaIl106 "

rlIaCOHoma 33, 230-231, 243, 264-265

rocronpllMCTBO 136,223

,- onolijeHo.57

rpa)taa 93-94,249-250

fpex11

- rp3l{~a r. 98

: KY.l)eH>e )teBojKe 137

- HajTeD 61,72,213

- OnpOIDTeB 170

"pa3BpCTaBaae r. 178

. - ponocKBpliH 74-76, 170

- y naTplljapxalIBoM KOneKCY 44, 57. 60-61,

72,98,178,189

fpmoplije H~3l1jalllnKH BoroClIoB 194

rpoo:
'

- neBoja'lKH 72

- JtH3aH>e 113 r. 44
.

- oJtBOl)eae y.f. 21-23,,31.1~7

. fPOM, rocno)tap r. 99 .

. ' fyBnYlIuh; HBa~ 91.

.na~lIiI 46-47

nauRnO, apXUenHCKOn 194

napllBaae 69-70, '123

-neBojKe 164,225 '

- ::KHBQTa 26

- KOIDYJbe 225, 266

- peKe 249-250

284

npyroBaH>e ca 3MajeM 94-95

nyalIH3aM 38-39,73,263

UyrOltHeBI\a 111,233-234

]lyx Boo6pa:lKeaa 234

nyma 16

- 6eCMprna 249-250

_onBojeaa o)t TelIa 32, 232-233

- cnoaamaa 26

'EaBonoB Y'leHllK 60

,I

EBolIylUlja KylITYpe 16

ErnnaTCKe 36npKe 153

EAa, CTapoHClIaH/lCKH en 48

EAHn170

En 24, 107-108, 119, 122,129-130,132-134,

144,156,164,173,179-180,187-188,216,

220, 264-265

EnH30Ae 82-3, 100,164-165, 173-174

Enoneja 65,119,173

EUCKa KOHl~eIII\Hja CBeTa 12

EncKa TeXUllKa 253~254

EncKa mnep60lIH3aunja 131

ETRMOlIornja

- xao o6jamaeae 126-127

-uapoAHa 250

ET.II'l.KH Y3BHwcHa lIlI'lHOCT 104, '132-134,

250-251

, ET.II'lXo-nCHXOlIomKH O/IBOCH 24. 104;132

134,219,235
ETHH'lKe oco6eHoCTll 13, 40. 83, 101, 146
147.149-150,.189.225

lIell3BpIIIIIB 20

- Bep6anllH l73-l74

- BUTCmKH 87

3aXaCHCJlH jYllax. 8. JYllaK

3aKOIIHTOCT YCMeHor CTBapa1b1l85, 253-254

3aMeHa 267-268

- HMeHa lIOKalIHTeTa

(TOnoHBMII) 127

- jYllaKa Mna/lO)l(en,c 266

3anaTH 77, 223-224

3aTo'IIII1K lIa McrnaHY 151

3a'lclie 35-36.220. 263

- 113 nenena 11

- YjeAHoj lIoliH 236-237

- 'IY/lCCIiO 28

3awTBTiluK

- 6ponapa 172

- CBCTal\, Kao 3, (8. HCBeTau) 74-76

3u3na nauHl\a 134

311naae 3!1J.\Y:lK6Hlla 132.172

- 6e3 KylIyKa 11 ClIlIe 177-178

3lIaTlla apeMena 149-150

3lIaTo 32. 252

3MlIja 106. 185

3pIIHCKII. nCTap 197

, HBalbCKII KplljecoBiI 97

Hrpa

- ancypna 2ff-27. 130-141

- BHTcmKII 'if]

,- rOBopno,MHcaOila 44-45. 89

- y KOlIY 130-131. 179,181

HAeaJIIl3mlnja. xcpojcKa 24, 107-108, 119,

122.131-132.132-134.144,156,164,173,

)KeIbe

179,187-188.216.220.264-265

-rpemHe94
.

_Ao6pe 92, 130-131. 167.177,204-205,225,

,JlmejHa alll'Il:lKOBIlIlOCT 186-188

H3113I1Ba'l 247
'

240-241

H3BOl)elbc jYllaKa 113 TIIMHmI,C 145, 147-148

)KeHa

H3Bopna ljlopMa 100

_HeBepHa 46, 54, 62-63,74-76,244

H30lI/la II TpHCTau 173

- OTeTa 24, 46, 50, 117

HlIlIjaAa 246

nporoaeHa 1"85,214
HnJ.\eKclI MOTIIBa 100, 126, 127. 229-230

_YnaTpnjapxanHoM npymTBy 199.202-204

HH/lHBH/lyalIHo II KOneKT.IIBHO: oltHOC 129

)KeHll,l:{6a 12~, 161

130,139, 171. 186-1'if]', 219; 229-230'

jYHa'lKa 87, 244. 266

HII/Illja 153

': - peKe 223'

HIITep1l3ltilOUalIIIII MOTHBIi 66, 68, 71 772,

_CHampHpOnHllM 6uheM 48-49. 235-236

97-98, 103,271
.

- "npenpexaMa ~1, 1()8..109,

~
neo6a
lIJlClla
103,
,

- ca OTIthm;OM 108-109'

- 3aBaAa opahe 103 .

" jparn'IHa 35.36, 48-49, 87-88 .

_33MCHa lIeyrncAIIor MlIaAo:lKeaC JlemtM

. iKpTBa' , .
. .
'
265-267 '" ,
.
.

- ABp'aMOBa 88

:3Ji:ornacna
rocno/lap"ua
269

- IbYACKa 90,93,221,249

- H3BOP IipecywcII 223-224

)KYJtaa 227

- u3naja 36-37, 54-55

- HCKywaallae BCPHOCTlI :lKeHe 103

3aneTOBaae 220-221. 237

_llCTHlla 1l3lIa3H 1111 BHAelIo 136, 173-174,

3asemTaae 74-76. 134, 231

267-268

3aAaTaK 24-25,71-72,74-76,87,185

285

- Kp}'Ha na]:(a Ha rJIany 149, 163

- MemaHH 147, 251

MpK Ha cna):l6u CBoje )KeHe 151, 220-221

- HesepHa )KeHa 24, 54-55, 74-76, 151,171,

258

- HecpehIm Jby6aBHlIIUI178

0 rpa]:(HTeJb Y93-94

oA6paHa rpaAa 51

- O::IGIBJbaBaH>e 88

- onKJIap;a YBepHoCT >KeHe 173-174

- OCJIeHJbeibe npOTlIllHIlKa 223-224

oCJIo6ol}elbe us TaM~e 170

- CMPT Ha KJIa]:(eH~ 163

- CMPT Y JIOBy 163

- CYKo6 o~a u CBHa 97-98,151

- YSIII}BBaH>e JbYAcKe)KP'fBe 93-94, 163

- 'I)'p;ecno sa"lehe jynaKa 113 JI06albe 263

Hcmmmalbe npaBOBepHOCTII 223-224

HcnoBecr 72, 231

HCTopllja, 'rpa]:(HqBja II noesuja: O,!IHOC 51,

54, 74-76, 100, 103, 108, 112, 116-117,

120,122.124,126-127.144.145-149,163,

171-172,177-178,186-187,206-207,223
224.230-231,235-236,244,250

Hcropuorpaqlllja, KplITlI'IKa 221

HcroPll'lHOCT JIUKa 103, 116-117, 131-132,

q2-134,139,l44

JYlIr. KapJI [YCTaB 17

K mlH6aJlII3a~lIj a 88

Ka3Iln. 72. 173

- 3a rpexollc 11

- 3JIa 136

- lIeBepcrBn )KClle 62-63

K1Illla 69-70

Kllila 153

KJIacmjlllKm\lIja 21-23. 52-53, 83, 111. 139,

168,177:179.219

- no MOTlIIlI1Ma 100

- TIIIIOB,I npHliollc/(liKa 100

KJIeTBa 131-132.133. 164.172,188

KJmMaKC 60-61. 182

KlbHra (IIIICMO) 20 l. 215

- l\pKBeml 117

- sa lIapol( 179

Kop;eKc

- jYlIaWTl!l1 II 'mCTII 21

- 06u'lajllll 108-Hl9

- o61f'lajllo-lIaTplljapXllJIHII60-61

KOJIeKTlIIlIlll nOACIlCI.'T 17

KOJIeKTlllllIO If II1IJlIIBu)lyaJIHO; O)lHOC 132

134.177.185

KOJICBKa 252

KOJIO 179. 189

- nCBalbe y K. 138

- cBa)l6ello 48-49

- I.IllJIlIHO 48

Ja6yKa

KOMnKa

- c:J:IieJbalbe j. Kp03 npcreH 87, 263

- lI11paBIl273-274

JaKIIluh, :Sypa 169

- CHTYaI.\lIjc 84-85

Je3epo, HacraHa~ 57

KOMnapllTlIBlH1 IICTpa:>KlIBalba 23, 43, 57,

JOBaHoBllh. JOBaH 3Maj 16?

71. 92. 97. HlO. 107. 111. 192, 201,228

Jyna'IKa 6ajKa 20

230,240.275

Jyna'IKo A06a 268

JynaK 62-63, 112, 116, 122, 126-127, 131

KOMno3111.\Jlja 253~2~4

, 132,142.156.160-161.163.165,172,17~,

- WaJbIlBC IIPIIIIOBCTKe 81

186-188,190,204;226,227.242,244,245.
KOIlCTlllITli CTPYKType 52-53

KOIICTallTlilI VII TIoMlIIporeHIIT 194

259

- arOHCKor TlIlIa 270

K.OllCTPYKI\lIja YCMcllor )leJIa. B. 06JIIIKO

- BJIaAap. KPaJb 149-150 .

. Balbe

:. ::IGIBOTDlba 25

KOIITeKcT. APYIIITBcIIO-nCHXOJIOWKH 252

KOllTHHYII'rCT lOO. 116-1l7, 131-134, 144,

- 3aKacneJIII 122

193-199.217.238

- KOMII'IHH 40

- encKe.6ecMpTIiOCjIl132-134

- HajnonyJIapHIljIlI45-146

- I'eHeaJIOIIIKO-CIiCKII'260-261

- HampHpo,!IHe 91are 145-146

- ocehalb<! 21-23

- HeBepHII 63

-,HeraTiJ:BHH 122

, '. - t.'TIiJICKO-jc311'IKlI 828~ ,

- CT0apaJIa;IKOr upOl.\eca 99

: HecraJIHil 258

- OKJIj(BeTaHII.122

. - TPa)lHltllj~ 269.

- oMHn,eilil 260' .

'KoilBeHltlljll. Kao' 'yCJIOS 3a nOCTojalbe

. -$olIKJlopa 105.254-255 '

'- 0t?l06ol}elbe j. IIS TIjMH~<? 141

noslITIIBB1l260-261 '
.

KoplM'la

- IlocraHaK 85-86

- CMPT j. 60

- 'rpanr<nIII 33-34

- ca 'cBelioM lIa OKJIOIIY 145

- yCTaHH'IKII 269

KOBa'l opY>Kja 173

- y3aJI}')I:BlI 144

~Olb 148. 161. 204. 274

286

-,

- mapeH 146

- 6eJIH 67

- KpHJIaTH 103_

, - npecKaKalbe K. 87

caPanHHX y 60jy 98

- 3aBeTOBaH 231

KOlbaHilK 79-80. 118

a)Kjlaja-y6Hl\a 78

- MpTaB 37

-HohIm 65

- CKOK Y pexy 77-78

K03Ma, npe3BHTep 194

Kpal}a

'lap06He Kane 48-49

- CyHl(a 263

KpBBIIU.a 170

- cyn6HHcKa 144

- Tpam'lBa 29

KpJIe)Kll, MIIpo~aB 190

KpCIlo IIMe 12

KpYHa, JIerHTllMHOr HaCJIe)llmK3 132-134

_O)lJIYKa 0 llpIlnap;albY 163

KPB

- H3 oMopilKe 249-250

- Kao JIeK 88

Kyl}elbe )leBojKe 136

KyJIT (B. II 06I1"lajll) 92, 118, 129.223-224

- arpa pHIl 111

- MpTBa"lKH 245-246

IlJIOP;HOCTI1 111 '

- CBeTHTCJba 269

KyJITypHa p;06pa. KaTaJIOr 156

KYJITypHe 1le3e 23, 38, 39-40, 43, 58, 63-64,

65, 70, 83-84, 97. 100. 107, 113-114, 124,

129. 139-140, 191-192; 208-210,216,221,

244,255-256,258,268.275

KyJITYPHO HaCJIel}e - cypBIIBaJI 16

KYM. KYMCTBO 127. 136, 245,250-251

- Mel}y peKaMa 74

- HeBepHo63

- CHaTllpH,P0nHIlM 6HheM 10

- ca cneTIIM JOBaHoM 106-107

KypIlne~nh.BeHe)lIlKTI95

j'
'.'

I,

JIa)K 44,129, 173-174, 273-274

JIal}a
-)l<'lMilMJbIlBalbe Ha JI. 107,138.173-174
- JI, ca 'rpI:OBIIHOM 107

'JIenrmMHoCT reHeaJIoliIKOr' JIaHl\a 132

134, 250-251

- HeMalbilha 74-75

;JIeK 232-233

- npOTHB BaMllIlpa 44

- npOTHB Mamje 24-25

JIenOTa 63. 87-88. 228-230

-neBoja'lKa 147

- Ko6Ha 265266

- MyUlKa 62-63

JIeUTIlp 48

JI06aIb3, 1,I11110BCKa 151

)IoB 54. 163. 250

JIOKliJUITCT49. 89. 92. 93.127, 137, 139,180.

190,227.250.266.275

- liMe JI. 126-127

MarHja 19, 24-25. 69-70. 79-80, 107, 111,

142.177.182-183.186.249-250

- )lop;npuli 267

- IIMIlTaTIIBlla 267

- pe'HI 79-80

- PC'IlI YKJICTBII 30

MamjcKa cpep;cl'Ba 19-20. 24-25, 29-30. 79

80

MarJIn

- npllMcll 232-233

- cKaKalbe y M, 145

Ma)KyplllllIli. Hnall 230

MajKa lOR. 170-171. 220-221,230-231

- Kao CTII'IKO MepllJIO 250-251

- Kao ca6ccep;IIHK 145-149

- KJICTBa M.115-1l6

- KpBIIIIl\!1 106

- neBCplll1 106

- npeTllopclla y Kp<1ny 185

Mall<1CTUpH .

- 311p;albe 1'!lnallllllC 93

- KaTaJIOl' 90-91
,

MapyJIlIlI, MapKo 91.197

MaTellh, A .. 6UCKYll20r

MaTlljalllcllllli. 'Bypo 198

M<!lusine48

MerAall. II., .[(Bo60j

Me'ccrt Kao 611he 9. 138,206-207

MCTaMoprpo3a (npeo6pahalbe),9. 26. 57,

. 139.243

- Kao nH3YCJIlIIJ clIM60JI 30

_K30 AOK1I3 lIeBUIiOCTllUJIII KpIlBIII\e 74-76

.,

MeT3rpopll'IKa JI3PCKII 98
MC:;'rpUK394

MIITOJIOIIIKO 21-21. 44. 47-48. 93, 94.189

MIiXalfJIO'Ol5pclloBlih 167 .
.

, MlfXOBHJI. non (1558,1'.) 198

MJIa)lO)KClb3. 3a'lapallll 35-36

MJICKO Mllj'II1110 93

MOJIIITBa 69. 132-134. ;214, 230-231. 231

tviOJIIITBCml 'laUla 69

MOIII~ojlll, 153 ~ .
MopaJI ' .
- o611'lajllll 227

- nO)lBHr 147-148

Mocr, H31-pa)lIMI 93. 249-250

MOTIIBH

- nopeKJIol93

"

287

,~~""'''''''=========

- npHnOBenHH 0 nory61belbY npaBenHOr

'lOBeKa 238

Monrrn 177-178, 223-224

MpTBB 6pST 37-38

MpTaB BepmIK 137-138

MpTBa rJIaBa 177-178,263

MpTBa~ 3axBaJImI 19-20

My:lK

- JIIDKHH 267-268

- MpTaB 44

- Ha cBan6H cBoje :.Kene 104

MYKe ij'Ha'IKe 143235

Harpana 19-20,173-175

HanHrpaBan.e 44, 273-274

- Bep6aJIHO 173-174

- llCHXOJIOmKO 173-174

- CBHmOM CHJIOM 136

HallMeTaILe KYliTypHor 6JIara 156

HanMYIlPHBaILe 66, 71-72, 84-85, 101, 170,

233,247

HanpeallH3aM (y npHnoBenaILY) 26-27, 129,

151,273-274

HajCTapHjll 3aIIIICII. 39-40, 83-84, 182

Hace1ba CTapa 181

HaTnpnpOnnO 6l1lie ca cp~eM 'IOBeKa 234

H~OHlIJIHO H co~jaJIHO: OnHOC 273-274

He6ecKe llpHJIlIKe 206-207, 232-233

He60, npellOM1beHO 99, 206-207,224

HeBepCTBo 83, 258

- 6pa'IHo24

- IIP:.KaJLa pe1Jll 93

- ij'HaKa 82

HeBlIHoCT, nOKa3aHa 31, 170

. HenpaBAa co~j!iJIHa 188, 189

HecnopasYM, KOMll'Ian 273-274

HHBO YMeTlIH1JKOr IICKa3I1Ba'JLa 254-255

HIIKH<PoP rperopa 195,216

HlIKoJlem, 4>YPJlaHCKH HCTOpll'lap 197

HOE 1-71,.188,217

HopMa 37-38178

- eTlI'lKo-peJIHrH03Ha 85

- 06H1JajHa 26

0611'Iajll II o6peAII; ne3amI 3a:

- EorojaB1beILe 50

. - 60:.KaHCTBO nJIOnnoCTll 111

. . - :saTPY 226
.

- Ao6pe :.Ke.Jbe 92, 97

- ityronHeB~ 124" .

-Mone 129

- 3aBpmeTl\K :lKeTBe 204-205

- 3eM1bOpanILY 69-70

- 311MY 112

- H:saILnan 129

-KmIIY 126

- KpaTKOnHeB~ 108

- KYKypUKaIbe npllllX lIeTliOBa 186

- lleTO 233-234

- 1bYACKlI :.KlmOT 177

- Hony n1J\lIHY 118

- on6pallY on 3MujcKor yjena 185

- naTPHjapxaJluy 3anpyry 199

- 1I110){HOC-r 142

- noceTY nopol\lIJJ,l1 123

-1I0CT 192

- UpBU CIIOII 204-205

- npHtlemlle BojcKe 215

- npOJIeHe 79-80

- pan 204-205

- cBaA6y 108-109

- cYHI\e 108

- YMpaor 167-168.245-246
- YCKpc2..'i1
06HtJajHII KO)leKC 108-109

06jeKTIIBII3a1J.11ja 105

0611HKOllalbe 108. 193-199,234

- enCKe lIoc3Hje 260

- HapoAlIJIX neBa'Ja 206-207

- YCMellor neJla 105

OneJlo Mcrnam,lIIjllllO 97-98

OnHcej 221

OMopHKa 249-250

- OpY:.Kje 2..'i1, 252

- Kao 3aMella 3a YMpJIOr 167-168

- OllHC 164-165

OTMHl\a 180.233-234.251
- AeBojKe n<lMIlMJbene lIa lla~y 107

- nenojKe Y3anap 164-165

- 3":1pytnllll~c 2..'i9
- MJIane )Kcne 138

OXMylieBIIHH. anMllptlllH H3 Clianor .197

llarallcKII 601' 2..14

Pnrtennpells de Blnis 35

llaTpHjapxallHH OnllOCil. 30,33-34,99, 104,

227.
.

llaYH 2..'i2

lleBaILe 113. 193-199

- rllaf01balllKO 87 .

- 113.rllac,; 216

- MYCJIHMancKo 143

- cpncKH 1I11'IHlI 39-40

.
lleHTaMepmi 35..
. nepaoAH3a1~:aja YCMelie K1bH:lKeBHOCTH' 52
53,100.193-199.267

llepce4>olla 2..13. .' .

llepcoHI~rlJlfKaI\}lja 32.
.

ll~'leBII, -rYPCKII XpOIlH'Iap 197

mille 2..'i2

llHcaHa II YCMena KlbH:.KeBHOCT: onnOC 129

130,144.193-199,223-224,238,240,275

llUCMO 83-84
"

- 0 conCTBenOM cMaKnyhy 173-174, 240

288

TIcllxonolllKl1 3aKJI,Y'laK (Y IIBTaJIHI\aMa)

TInaMeH MOJ;(pn 223-224

190

llo6paTHMCTBo 26, 33-34, 36-37, 99, 106

llCHXOJlOlllKH nnuu CTHnCKor nOCTynKa

107,172,204,220,245,265,266

199-201

TIonopKa, cnaToBcKa 108-109

nOBpaTaK Ha Cl!an6y cecrpe 68

PaM6ep'l1I. Benene-ro 196

llO){BBr,jynat.IKB 145-149, 179, 186-188

PmblfllB, HIIKlIla 196

lloMara'IH 19-20, 51, 71, 87,97-98,147,173

Pl'nena 89

174,185
"

PamilK

- nHJIe 108-109

- ne'JaK 97

- :lKHBOTBILe 19-20

- ca COKOJItlM 252,

'lynecHH 9-10

PeaJllloC'l' 186-187,227

llonYliapHocr jYHaKa 143, 145-149.177-178,

- C,1AP)KIIIIC 173-174

220

- YMYIIIKIIM npllIIOllcTKaMa 100

llopeKJIo 62-63, 81, 100, 107. 108, 192,210,

PCKR

211.215,134

- Koju yralla 267

- apBCToKpaTcKo HapoAHe KILH:lKeBiioCTH

- MYTlla 249-250

123-124

PeJlllrHja 177.267

- 6ajKe 208

PIIMOBaIbC 92

- nepcKHX necaMa 47-48

P06uILa. 01'KynJbClla 91

- enCKe Hjj'Ha'IKe neCMe 169

P060BaIbe ~yl'o 104. 147

- jyHaKa, HaTllpHpOnHor 37

POnOIlH. YCMel1ll 52-53. 168

- KOCOBCKor Kpyra necaMa 150

PonocKBpuyl!e 74-76. 77,170

- MOTHBa 113

Poi)elI,e J70, 252

- nojana 85

- lIe06II'lIIo 170

- 1I0CJIemI'IKe nCCMe 204-205

- 'IYI\OTIIOpnO 126-127

- npa<PoPMe 45

1'0;18111\ 274

npHlIOBeTKe 153

PyKa

llopO){HJba 123

- IIcrPrnYTlI 108

llopYKa BojHIIKa MajHH 51

"- ol~ce'leml 214

llOCT 192

PytlKOIIOllnt 151 249

lloYKa 25, 47, 228

.

- Y3nnallu 249-250 .

nOXO~cILe, Kao 06H'lajHH 3aKoH 37

llpaBAa

ClIfiJb!i 87. 223-224

- neMoh 74-76

- IIrpn cn c. 161

: caMonOKa3 0 n. 74-76

- IICTOnJbClfa Y311Mnxy 157

-'TpajYM4> 74-76

- Koja ce Ilann c,1Ma 148

llpa<PoPMa, n. llopeKJIo

CaMoy61!cTBo 144.210

. llpeAaK 3alIlTHTlIHK 12, 32, 74-76 .

Call 186-187.232-233

llpeHomelbe YCMeHc pe1JH'160

- 3noK06mi 122

llpe06JIa'ICIL~ 66, 97-98, 141~204.

- OKBHpll1l 172

llpeOTHMaILe HeneCTe 51, 108-109,251

CaTBpa 273

npenpeKe 51, 87,108-109

.

CBnTOBCKI! 06H tlnjH 35. 199-201

llpepanOBHIi, lleTap 169

ClleT. HeMllIIOBI!OCT 228-229

llpePYlilanaILe 243 '

'

C'ucTan; 11. 16, 78. 98. 106-107,172, 189;

- panH OTMB~e 107 .

207208, 223-224. 225-226, 264

- X!ljnyKa 62-63

- BpxonHII 223-224

llpeTBapaILe, cHMyJIacaILe CTaILa 259

- 3Bm1ilTIIIlK 172

. llpeTXpHlilhancKH KYliT 79-80,107.

- ~pOrJlalllanall,e 3a i 1

llpHCKYC }>eTOp 194

. - cnaCIITCJh 157

. llpo6a,1I3np~BBOCTa 14~; 259 '

.' " :CelJ3yalillOeT 9 .

. llp0KJf.lilJLaihe 115-116

. . <;'eCl'pa 17() .

'.

llpoKollaje 194'
. - 6op6a OKO c, 77

llpollehe 79-80, 121. 130-1~1, 185

- llen'lnl!>C en c. 74-76

llpOpHI\an.e 112,231-233,240

1I0JbenB 105

llpoI(ec YCMeHor CTBapaILa 139, 228-229,

- OCIlOlla 137

252,275

C'u)J(e. 06JIIIKOll811 44-45. 228-229

llpcreH, CTpe1baJLe Kp0387,108-109

289

'.

Cu:M60Jl TYpCKOr 3JIa 16

- K80 nocpc].!all OIlIlC 132-134

Cu:M60Jlll25, 38-39, 228-229, 232-233

C'rPUjKOI!CKII. Mahej 197

Cu:H jeAl'IHa~ 227

CTPYKTYpa 162. 173-174.182-184

Cu:HKpeTB'lHoCT 71,138,177,245-246
- HCK831!BlIIbe 254-255

Cu:HTe3a
- KOMn03111\1I01le cxeMe 108-109

- l'ICTOpBjCKIIX nepBoAa 30

- lIenonyn.eJl8 162

- peJlHrHo3Hor H xepojCKD-Hal\llOHaJiHOr 30

- noeTcKa 228-229

- cpenlboBeKoBHe uCTopuje 144

- noeTcKo-lIcroPlljCKa 231

Cu:creM 199-201,212-214
- 1I0JlIIBaJICIITlla 254-255

- peJIHrBjCKH 44

- IIplmOBCTKe 212-214

- YCMeHD-YMeTHH'IU 182-184

- nplfcryn 44-45

CUTH 193

- clIJla6n'IKa 99

Cu:BKOBHOcr, noeTCKa 202-204

- CnOJballllha 120

Cnyra 57,60
CTPYKTYP,IJlli3aM 85. 105,254-255

CMp3nyTB CBaTOBH 26

CYJ.\6HHa 47-48. 210, 227, 249

CMPT 29, 37, 54, 87-88, 108, 122, 186-187,

- neMJUlOI!JI<I 21-23

190-191,210,230-231,232-233,236,240,
- OJ.\pcl)llllillbe c, JlCTCry 240

250-251

IIpeMa J\,IIIY pol)elMI 252

- BJianapa 74-76

- TPrH'lIHI 122

- B36ernyTa 173-174

- TYra Ha}1 c. 115

- Kao noeTCKa BH3Hja 182-184

CYK06

- Kao C3B252
6pahe OKO nJlella 146

- ua 6ojHoM nOJbY 215

lIen03mlTI1X plll)aKa 108-109

- Ha(.'HJlHa 111

- o~a u cnllll 259

- OA Tyre 37

CYII~e 18ft-IS7

- OA ypoKa 87-88

- Kpal)a c. 263

- npenonpel)eHa 136

1I0urpallil ce 223-224

- npHpo/tHa 245-246

- plll)albe 118

- TParH'lHa 21-23

Survivals 16

- xepojcKa 263
CycpeT 44, 48-49, 94-95

, Cu:ara 48-49; 106

- Bllrne CIIJIC JI 'IOIlCKa '19-20' .

- IDiq(aje 263

- ell MPTBiII\eM 37

- TajBa H CKpHBeBa 267-268

CY3e 137-138

- Y KpUJlHMa, KalIB 26

- AII:lKY 113 l'p06a 37

COnOMa B rOMOpa 198

- jYlIll'IKe 264

COKO rJtaCOHoma 259

.

- KOlbCKe 274

, Co~aJtaH MOMeHaT 188, 189, 191

- lie Aajy Mllpa YMPJlOM 37

CnaCHJtan:
CxeMa 44-45'

- 6POAOJlOMHHKa 172

- KOMn03111~lIoHiI186:i8'l

- AeBojKe 78

- (''TpYKryplla 173-174

Cnopa3YMelialbe 93

- xajA)"lKO 257

TaGy npeKprneu 35-36

- TajBo 9

TaKMII'ICII,C Ko'mja 66,263

CPOAHOCT YpeHe B lIBC3He KlbIDKeBHoC'l!f

TllopeBHJIa lIe3aBIlClUI 244-245

161
.

TeMaTHKlI

CpnCKlI Jla'IHH 39-40; 113,195-199

- uCTOpujcKa 100_ 239

Cplle H3jeAeHo 48

- MYCJIHMlIlICKa 49-50

CTajahe lIMe 135, 137,247

- xpuwhnllcKa 49-50

CTapQCT'
,
. Teonocujc XHJlanJ\llpm\ 19:i
- BapHjaHTe 44-45

Teopuje .
.
- enc'Ke n~CMe 82-83
.

. - IIIITpQIIOJ\OWKII 16
- HapoAHe KIi,IDK~BHoci'H.193-199

~ HHqlO'pMIII\Hje 243

CrBapalbe CBeTa 12, 77,263

- IICTOPHjcKIl 100

CTepeoTHlIBo HMe 268,

- MIIToJtOIllKa 158'

CTHJlB38l\l1ja 212-214

- 1I0JlllrenCTCKa 193

- enCKa 132-134

- YCMeHe ellCKe lIoc311je 187

- Hll:eanu!l 185

- ipoJlKJIopa 185

290

TeoipHJIaKT CnMoKaTa 194

TII6eT 153

Tlul OjJleHIllnHreJi 190,273-274

TJlHOnH. Ce6aCTBjaH 196

TmIOBH 212-214, 244. 273-274

TmIoJlornja o6JIHKa 52-53,168

TJIIlOJlornKO-KoMnapaTHBHa npoY'IaBalba

216

TOJlMHHl\lI197

TpaAHl\lIja H HcropHja 163

D;pKBeHa 237

Tparalbe

- 3a aBaHT)'pOM 267-268

- 3a BHJlOM 20

TpaHC<j;lopMaJ1Ilja (MeTaMopip03a) 244

TpaH3Hl\lIja KYJITYpe 13, 218-219

TpBcraH, B. H30JlAa

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Tpoxej, CTOna 46-47

- MY3H'IKo-H3Bol)a'IKa 220

- neraTHBllor napaJIeJllf3Ma 228-229

- CBeTa~a 172

- Cll:Kejl1e KOIlCTPYKl(Hje 202

- CIIOBa 232-2:n

- crajaliux pe'm 234-235

- crpYKTYPc 162-163

(I>YHKJ1IIOlIllJlllocr

CMOTHBua 228-229

- pe'llI 234-235

- Y(''MeIllIX 06J1I1Ka 199-200, 52-53

Xarnorpa~CKa Ka311Balba 136

'Bon!!.h. BpaHKo 188

Y611.CTHO, Ba BOAH 54, 221, 250-251

Ynaja

- cecrpe 142

- 3a 3Maja 94-95

Y3anyJIHO jYBaWTBO 144

YKJleTOCT 227

YJlip1l.Jla 194

YHHBep3aJlHOCT npJIIlOBenalba 273-274

:YC3MJbeHOCT 21-23, 24

YCMcHa KlbIDKeBHocr H 1I.CTOp1l.ja: oAllot

24,26,29,36-37,62-63, 65, 74-76, 100.

.
115.193-199,255-256,258,259.264-265

_yn03HaBalba Y CBeTY (nplla) 39-40, 63-64,

.

193-199,255-256,257

YCMcHa KlbIDKeBHocr 11. lIBC3Ba KlbIDKeB

HOcr: OABOC 21-23, 24, 34.35, 36-37, 52

53,66, 108, 115, 120, 135, 157, 161, 189,

216; 223-224, 233,'240. 247,264

YCTaHH'lKO-nOeTCKa TPanllJ1Ilja 112, 116-'

117,13[-132,269

Y craJbeHH TBnOBH 71-72

Y CTaJbeHOCT KlbIDKeBHe HopMe 202

. Ynm apDeHe, K03je BJlH Marapehe 154,

245

. i

aHTaCTHQBO - peaJlHo: OAHot 67

<llOJlKJIOpH3all,Bja 17. 81: ' .'

yHKI(1Ij~ lln-184

. _eCTeTCKo-noe'l'Cia 81.

_Hll:.ejIior o6jeAHu,eil',a U9-400

_iWMno3Hl\l10Ha 1:99-200, 220

_JlHKa 162-163
.

_JlOrn'IKe lleJIHHe 162-163

- MHC30UO-H3pa:lKajHa 202

XajAY'IKa }IP}')KIIHa 235-236.251,257

XeKTopollllh, TICTap 197

XOMepcKo 1lI1TalhC 121. 139-140

Xpa6pocr. nece6u'm3 131

XpiUllhallcK3 II YCMeHa KlbIDKCBHOcr:

P)IIIOC 223-224

XpHlllhallcKo H lI11rallCKO; onllOC 223-224

XpnlIlhallcKo-uCTOpnjCK1I. TOK 223-224

XpllwliancKO-MI1TOJlOWU MOTHB1I. 124,

126,130-131. 136,223-224
XYMOP 19,44.49,62-63.68,84-85,88,136,
145-149,170.189.191,247
UallKap, Mnan 189

Uap

- 6yrapcKII 235-236

- ua Kpajy coeTa 243

- cpncKlI 74-76. 132-134

- 1PorJJaJlli 2.1, 245

Uapella Klill 240

UapcrBo

3eMaJbCKO 132-134

- lIe6eCKo 132-134

Ue3ypa 46-47

UIIKJlII3!U\lIja 257

UIlTPa 193-199

UpIlOPIJ31Il\ Xp1l6ap 194

'-laCIII1 Kpcrll 263.264

1.Incr 91

- jYlla'lKa 93. 131-132.132-134

- Cp6Hje 131-132 .

1.leJlc6H 193-199

'-lo6aIlHII~

- KaO rJlaJlIIH jynaK 173-174

- MJIal)auo ByraP:Jtl 74, 81

'-Iojetso 13,20,126-127.264-265

. 1.IYAO 213:224

- 60:lKaHCK!1 206-207'

- 'Bpahalb~ IlHAa.88 '.

- npahalbc roBopn 88'

'

- ea 8:lK11:ajoM 78
- xpllluhnllcKo 74-76

291

....

qYAOTBOPCTBO 223-224

IIIaJbHBe l~pTe 1IIIp(;Ke neCMe

IIIeKcnllp 71

liMa (B. H XyMop) 190,273-274

IIIaJl>llBal\ 83, 84-85, 101, 129, 247

liH)KJ'Opuh, Jypaj 195205

138

'I

(}J;OJJ;AIJ;M nOCJIE 1984. rOJJ;MHE)

AHToHHjesHh, AparaHa
3Ha'lelDe cpncKHX oajKH, ETHorpacp
CKH HHCTHTYT CARY, BeorpaA,
1991.
AeMoHonowKa npeAalDa, <IIaHTaCTH
Ka Y TPa):IHI.:(HjCKOM npH"IaIDY, rna
CHHK ETHorpacpcKor HHcTHTYTa
XLllI, 1994, CTp. 85-100.
AHTOHHjesHh, AparoCJlas
PHTYanHH TPaHc (MoHorpacpHja),
CARY, Beorpa):l, 1990.
KynT KHe3a JIa3apa Y cponKJIopHoj
TPanHI.:(HjH, lloceoHa H3AalDa BanKa- .
HOJIOmKOr HHCTHTYTa CAHY, KID.
44,Beorpan, 1991.
'
ApesH8 neCKosa'IKa KonenapcKa'
Hrpa Kao penpe3eH'I'aTHBHH npHMep
pHTyanHor 'TeaTpa, JIecKOSa'lKH
300PHHK XXXI, JIecKosaQ, 1991.
BanKaHCKH cpenlf>OeBpOnCKH CJloje
BH y cpncKoj HaponHoj KynTypH,
CpOH y eBponCKbj QHBHI;lH3aQHjH,
Beorpa):l, 1993.
<IIOJIKnOp I.'(pHOpe'lja, BOJbesaQ,
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Ba~Hft, AywaH
UapCTBO 3eMaJbCKO H QapCTBo He6e
cKo,Beorpan,l~

II:

RapoAHa peJIHrf{ja Cp6a y 100 noj

, Mosa, :Beorpan 1991.
BosaH, BJIa):IHMHP
RaponH8 K~HlKeBHocT Cpoll:, Ha
'KOCOBY H MeTOxttjH,I-II, Jen;HHCTBo,
'llpliwTHHa, .19.&9. . ,.,
.
BojbBHh, 3,TiaTa
.
'llasao PHTep ~uTe30BHft 0 60jy f!a
KOCOBY nOlbY H 0 KOCOSCKHM jYHa
QHMa, RaY'IHH CaCTaHaK CJlaSHCTa Y
BYKOBe naHe, 1989, KID. 19, CS. 1, CTp.
221-227.

ill'
"f'
I.

EMEJIMOrpA~lIJA

:-:..

292

293

BHOJIHjCKa uapa60na 0 ooraTawy H

o cHpoMaillHoM JIa3apy y jeAHoM
6apoKHoM eny H y YCMeHoj KIDH
:lKeSHOCTH. WOJIKJIOP Y BojsonHHH,
HosH eaA, 1993. CS. 7, CTp. 3035.
MaBpo BeTPaHOBHft H YCMeHa KlDH
:lKeSHOCT. KIDH:lKeSHOCT H je3HK,
1994,3-4. CTp. 81-88.
llPH30PH H nOMeHH spa"lalDa Y
ny6poml'IKHM peHeCaHCHHM naCTHp
CKHM HrpaMa H cpapcaMa, 360pHHK
MaTHI~e cpnCKe 3a KIDH:lKeBHOCT H je
3HK, 1994, rOnHlllTe 42, op. 1-3, CTp.
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BOIllKOBHh-Stulli. Maja
YCMeHO njecHHillTsO y 0030pjy
KIDH:lKeBHOCTH. 3arpe6, 1984.
llje~Me.
IIpH'le,
cpalJ.TaCTHKa,
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EpaTHft, AOOpHJIa
rJIYBO).ooa, Beorpa):l, 1993.
BnnaKoBHh-lleTpoB, KpHHKa
OrnenH 0 YCMeHoj KlDH:lKeSHOCTH,
HHCTH'rYT 3a KIDH:lKeSHOCT H yMe
THOCT, Beorpan.1990.
BnaXOSHft. lleTup
llHCQH Haille eTHOJIOrnje H aHTPo
rJOJIornje - mi'IHoCTH, nnejc., neJ)a,
'
. Beorp!lil. 1987. '
AonpHHoc BYKa KapaUHfta npoy- ,
'JasuIDY aHTPolloJIornje H eTHOnOrH-, ..
Je. 'llPOB,HHI.:(Hja, IIIaoaQ, 1987, CTp.
48-53 .
."
' ..OCHoIlHa ooeJIeJKja enCKor ya.ieHor
CTSapUJIUIllTSa cesCpOHCTO"lHe QpHe :
rope, 360PHijK panosa xxxv KOH
rpeca Case3a 'y)(pYJ'KelDa 'CPOJIKJlo
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llocTaHaK H PU3BOj qOBeKa Y HailleM
YCMeHoM HUponHOM CTBapaJIaillTSY,

.11

~:

i!

W. i

ir ..
r'::1

Ii.. i'

CpnCKa cpaHTaCTHKa, CAHY, 1989,

CTp. 101-110.

EnCKa neCMa H lbeH 3Ha'laj 3a Hapo

l{HH )KHBOT CTaHOBHHmTBa Cp6Hje,

YHHBep3HTeT JarenoHcKH, KpaKoB,

1992, CTp. 63-72.

,Uemm, JOBaH
TpaWflU{ja H BYK CTecp. KapaUHh,
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,UepeTHh, JOBaH
3aroHeTKa 0 MapKy KpaJbeBHhy,
Eeorpal{,1995.
,UeTeJlHh, MHpjaHa
MHTCKH npoCTop H enHKa, lloce6Ha
H3l{alba CAHY, Klb. DCXVI, Eeo
rpal{,1992.
,Uo6pawHHoBHh,foJly6
BYKoBa npenHcKa I-IX, Ca6paHa
.l{eJla BYKa KapaUHha (1864-1964;
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BYK KapaUHh, fOPlbH MHJlaHoBaQ,
1987.
'upHl{apCKH, MHpjaHa
HHKoJla TOMa3eo H Hama HapOl{Ha
noe3Hja, MHCTlfryT 3a KlbH)KeBHOCT,
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M3Mel)y npocBeTHTeJbCTBa H npe
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HOCT, Ecorpal{, 1994.
,UYKaT,3l{cCJlaB .
XOMCPCKO nHTalbC, 3arpc6, 1988.
'Bop!)cBHh, ,UparyTHH
)l(HBOT H o6H'1ajH HapOl{a Y JlCCKO
Ba'IKOM Kpajy, JIccKOBaQ, 19"85.
CpncKc HapOl{HC npHnOBcTKc H
npel{alba H3 JlCCKOBa'lXC 06J1aCTH,
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HapOl{HC nCCMC H3 JlCCKOBa'lKC
06J1aCTH, CE3 XCV, CAHY, Eco
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'BypHh, BojHCJlaB
KOCOBCKH 60j Y cpncKoj KlbH)KCB
HOCTIL (IlpHPCl{HO..). Ecorpal{ - Ho
.. BH Cal{ - TIpHillTHHa, -1990. CpncKa
... Klbl:f)lreBHOCT O.KOCOBY;CTp. 7~159: ..
. Tparalbe 3a AYX.OM PC'IH. M3!lQPaHH
..
.
OrnCl{H, Ecorpal{, 1990. .
BeccJIHH qajKaHOBHh:Ca6paHa l{CJla
H3 cpnCKc pcmfrnjc H MHToJlomjc,
I-V. (TIPHPCl{HO... , HanHCaoYBOl{HC

TCKCTOBC, HanOMCHC H l{OnYHC).

oeorpaA,1994.
3J1aTaHOIHlh, MOM'lImo
EnCKC HapOllHC nCCMC jyrOHCTO'IHC
cp6Hje, Bpalbc, 1987.
HapoAHc nCCMC H 6acHc JY)KHC
Cp6HjC, Ecorpal{ 1995.
3YKOBHh,Jby6oMHp
Hap01\HH en 0 MapKY KpaJbCBHhy,
Ecorpal(, 1985.
CTa3aMH YCMCHOCTH, HHKWHh, 1988.
Y HapO){HOM lIYXY, Ty3J1a 1989.
MBaHoBa, Pa):lOCT
Enoc, o6pcl{, MHT. CocpHja 1995 (II,
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KapaHoBHh,30ja
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HapO){He IICCMC y ,UaHHQIf, MaTHQa
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YMCTHOCT. HOUH Ca):l, Ecorpa):l, 1990.
HapOI(HC npH'lc y ,UaHHQIf, MaTHQa
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KHJlH6apna, HOBlIK
M3 KopHjcHa YCMCHOCTH; JC):IHHCTBO,
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.
KJlCYT, MapHja
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HapO):lHHM I1CCMaMa, Ecorpa):l - HOBH
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XCP):lcp H BYKoBa nOCTHKa HapO):lHC
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XXXV, CB. 1. 1987. CTp. 26-43.
M3 KOJlc6c Y I(BOPOBC rOCnO):lCKC,
<l>OJlKJlOpHa .36HpKa MHJlHU;C CToja
l{HHOBHh CplIKHlbe, MaTHQa cpnCKa,
MHCTHTYT 3a KlbH)KCBHOCT H yMC
THOCT, HOBH cal(, Ecorpal{, 1990.
HapoAHc nCCMC y.cpncKHM PYKonHc
HHM nccMapHQaMa xvrn H XIX BCKa,
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)KCBHOCTH YMCTHOCT, HOBH. Ca):l,
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KOBa'lculfh.. HBaH . . .
.. CeimoJlomja. pHTyaJla, Ecorpa):l,
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KOKjapa, 'oY3cne
MCTopHja cpoJlKJIopa y EBponH, 1-2,
Ecorpal\, 1985.

KPIbCBHh, XaTHl,la
JIHpcKH HCTO'IHHl.\H, lh HCTopHje H
nOCTHKC JlHPCKC HapO):lHC noc3Hjc,
Ecorpal{-IlpHlIITHHa,1986.
Pa3J1H'IHC )KCHCKC njccMc (JlHPCKC
HapOl{HC nCCMC H3 36HPKC ByKa
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JIHTH, MaKc
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Jby6HHKoBHh,HcHa):l
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npOTHBHHKa ... ; ,UccnH3aQHja cnCKor
j)'HaKa ... ; 360PHHQIf pa):lOBa XXXII H
XXXIV KO)Irpcca CY<I>J, COM60p,
1985, H Ty3JIa 1987, CTp. 271-275 H
413-419.
fy6H''{"HHU;H CTapu;a MHJlHjC, fa
CKOBHHK, 1987-1988, 6p. 47-54, CTp.
81-104; 153-162; 85-103; 71-98; 139
148.
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H BHI)Clby nOTOMaKa... , PacKoBHHK,
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BojBo):la MOM'IHJlO Y CYBPCMCHHM
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KpaJbCBHh MapK~; .. , ,UaHH.Qa, cpn
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0):1 HCTOPHjC):IO HapOAHC HCTOPHjC
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Jla3aK H3 )KHBOTa y MHT, BCJlHKa
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.
Y CMCHa KlbmKCBHOCT jyroCJIoBcH
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(m H3l{albe).
MaTHQKH,MHO):lpar
HapO):lHC nCCMC y "i~HJIH, MaTHQa
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YMCTlI.OcT, HOBH Ca):l, OCOrpii):l, 1985:
Ea'lBaHCKC nCCMe, npHpC):IHQ... ,
I;;corpa):l, 1987.
.
nOHOBHHQC, rHnOB~ O):lHota YCMeHc
H nHcaHC KIbH)KCBHOCTH, HOBH Ca):l,
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.
Ka):l cc mhamc no 3CMJbH Cp6HjH,
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CTOjaH HOBaKOBHft, KOCOBO, Cpn

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294

295

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1

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'I
I"

CTp. 349483. HalloMeHe H 06jawH>e

1993, lloce6Ha H3naH>a, KH>. XVI,
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_

CTp.201-219.
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HHKY: 1l0eTHKa cpncKe KH>IDKeBHO

cpncKe KYJIType, rOpH>H MHJIaHoBal\

CTH, Beorpan. HHCTHTYr 3a KlbIDKeB

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H>e H3naBatIa H KH>IDKapa JyrOCJIaBH

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je, 1994, CTp. 147-165.

60jy, PacKoBHHK. anpHJIcenTeM6ap

CpncKe HaponHe TY*6aJIHl"(e Y cpen

1989, XV, 6p. 55-56, CTp. 7384.

H>OBeKOBImM CnHCHMa 0 KHe3Y JIa

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Y KH>H3H: HC'l'opHja cpncKor HapO;n;a,

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1989.
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,

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Y KH>H3H: ep6H y EBponcKoj l\HBH

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BYK Kapm,mh H neCMe 3atIHcaHe npe

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