Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Use
although / though / even though
at the beginning of a sentence or
between two clauses
all have a similar meaning; though
is more formal at the beginning of a
sentence, but a little more informal
when used between two clauses;
even though is more emphatic
Example
Although / Though / Even though
her job is hard, her salary is low.
Her salary is low, although /
though / even though her job is
hard.
however
at the beginning of a second
sentence
yet
between two clauses in the same
way as but
it is emphatic, for surprising or
unusual contrasts
In spite of the fact that they live near me, I don't see
them very often.
NOT In spite of / Despite living near me, I dont
often see them. (***different subjects).
Use while
to compare and contrast facts
before a statemenl that is true but is not as
important
as the statement that follows it
Use whereas
to compare and contrast facts and emphasize the
contrast between these facts, in the same way
as while
because
at the beginning or a sentence, or between two
clauses
because + subject + verb, etc.
because of+ noun I pronoun
~ note: do not use because of+ subject + verb, etc.
since/as
so
to introduce the result of something I wasn't
listening, so I don't know what he said.
used between two clauses, after a comma, or with
and
therefore
to introduce lhe result of something
more formal than so
used al the beginning of a second sentence or
between two clauses with and
at the beginning of a sentence often followed by
a comma
then
to respond to something with what the speaker
believes to be the result of it
used at the beginning or end of the response
~ note: Do not use then to link a cause and a result in
a single sentence.
'There are no buses at this time of night.' 'Then we 'JI have to get a taxi.'
'I was very rude to Jo. - 'You'd better apologize
then.
NOT /wasn't-listening-then /.didn't knew-wha!:hesaki.
Instead, use so (see above).
as a result
used in the following patterns:
as a result+ subject + verb, etc.
used at the beginning of a second sentence or
between
two clauses with and
as a result of + -ing
as a result of+ noun I pronoun