INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF NORTHERN CHILE

PUEBLO
The
Aymaras

UBICACION
The altiplano of
the extreme north
of Chile and in
parts of Bolivia,
Peru and
Argentina.
Viven en el altiplano,
en el extremos norte
de Chile.

SOCIEDAD
Based on male superiority
over women. (superioridad del
hombre sobre la mujer)
Was controlled through the
bands between family
members. (se organizan en
bandas de familias)

ECONOMIA
Using a system of
TERRACES. (utilizaban
el Sistema de terrazas
para cultivar)
Cultivate products
such as potatoes,
beans, squash, corn
and quinoa.

CREENCIAS/ CULTURA
Their beliefs, gods and
celebrations were all
directly related to
agriculture and
livestock farming.
(tenan dioses,
celebraciones y creencias
relacionadas con la
agricultura y ganadera)

Each community was

organized into an AYLLU,
whose leader was the
CURACA. (cada comunidad se
organizaba en un Ayllu, con un
lder llamado Curaca)

Atacamas

Puna of Atacama
and the Andes
Mountain Range
(Tarapac and
Antofagasta) (Puna
de
Atacama y
cordillera de los
andes)

Organized into groups of

families that formed a small
community. (se organizaban en
grupos familiars que formaban
pequeas comunidades)
Each community was
protected of PUKARAS. (cada
comunidad se protega en un
pucar)
Due to the influence of the
Tiwanaku and Inca people.
(tuvieron doble influencia
cultural: de la cultura Tiwanaku y
de los Incas)

Their crops were

planted on terraces
and watered using an
irrigation system.
(cultivaban en terrazas
con un Sistema de
regado)
Grow potatoes,
quinoa, beans and
corn.
Had llama and alpaca
livestock.
Developed artisanal
ceramics and used
gold, silver and
bronze to make

Believed in the
afterlife and had
rituals and ceremonies
dedicated to nature.
(crean en la vida
despues de la muerte y
tenian ritos dedicados a
la naturaleza)
They adopted INTI the
sun god. (adoptaron el
dios INTI)

jewelry and
decorations.
(desarrollaban la
ceramic y trabajaban
con oro, plata, bronce
para hacer sus joyas)

The
Changos

Nomade.
Northern coast of
Chile (Atacama
and Coquimbo)

Organized in bands or small

community (se organizaban en
bandas o pequeas
comunidades)

They sailed on
small rafts made
of inflated sea lion
skin. (navegaban
en barcazas de
cuero de leon
marino)

The
Diaguitas

Lived in the
valleys in the
modern-day
regions of
Atacama and
Coquimbo
(viven en los valles
de Atacama y
Coquimbo)
Sedentary.

They ate fish,

shellfish and seafood.
(se alimentaban de
pescados, mariscos y
otras alimentos del mar)

Cave paintings (pintan

en cavernas)
Made ceramics (hacen
cermicas)

Trade with the

peoples farther
inland and in the
mountains. (comercian
con personas de las
montaas)
Small villages. (se organizaban
en pequeas villas)

Developed various
activities such as
agriculture, livestock
farming, hunting and
fishing. (se dedican a la
agricultura, a la
ganadera, a la caza y
pesca)
They used a system
of terraces. (utilizaban
sistemas de terrazas)

Their religion was also

based on the worship
of nature, especially
the Sun and the Moon.
(la religion se basaba en
ritos a la naturaleza, el
sol, y la luna)
Potery: jarro pato,
jarro zapato

INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF CENTRAL AND SOUTHERN CHILE

PUEBLO

UBICACION

SOCIEDAD

ECONOMIA

PICUNCHE

Northern and
Central Chile.
Coquimbo and
Biobio

Small villages. (vivan en

pequeas villas)

Agriculture.
Used system of irrigation
ditches. (usaban un Sistema de
acequias)

The father was the head of

the family. (el padre era el
lder de la familia)
Only times of conflict did
they choose a leader or
CACIQUE. (solo en tiempos de
conflictos elegan a un lder
(cacique)

Grow corn, beans, potatoes,

squash and peppers. (cultivaban
porotos, papas, ajis)
Raised guanacos for their meat
and for wool. (domesticaban
guanacos por su carne y lana)

PEWENCH
E
Men of
the
Pehun

Mountainous
region
between the
Maule River
and the
Lonquimay
Volcano. (reion
montaosa entre
los ros Maule y
el Volcan
Lonquimay)

Hunters and gatheres.

(Cazadores y recolectores)
Organized in bands and the
leader of the family was
called a LONKO (organizados
en bandas con un lider que se
llamaba lonko)

Hunt guanacos, andes.

HUILLICHE
People of
south

Lived in the
Central Valley
between the
Tolten River
and the
Reloncav.

Organized in tribes or LEVO,

which not have a central
leader. (estaban organizadas
en tribus o LEVO y no tienen un
lder central)

Grow potatoes.
Raised guanacos and huemules

They used boleadora.

They exchange products by
trading with other peoples.
(intercambian productos en el
comercio con otros pueblos)

In Chiloe develop fishing using

boats made of wool planks and
bark called DALKAS. (desarrollaron

CREENCIAS/
CULTURA
Believed in a
life after death
(crean en la vida
despus de la
muerte)

(viven en el valle
central entre los
ros tolten y
reloncav)

MAPUCHE
S

Located
between the
Itata and
Tolten River.
(BiobioAraucana)
Semisedentary

la pescar en botes hechos con

madera y lana llamados dalkas)

The foundation of their

society was the LOF, a group
of families with a common
ancestor. (fundaron su
sociedad en LOF o grupo de
familias que tienen un comun
un ancestor)

Raised llamas and guanacos.

Grow corn, potatoes, quinoa,
peappers, beans.
They used these products to
trade for marine resources. (ellos
intercambiaban productos marinos)

CHAMAL.
Have
ceremonies and
myths.
The MACHI
(Priest)

They had leader called the

LONKO. (tienen un lder
llamado lonco)

The Nguillatun
is a religious
ceremony.

Only during times of war did

they select a higher leader
called TOQUI. (Slo durante
las guerras seleccionaban un
lder llamado Toqui)

The machitun is
used to cure
sick people. (el
machitun sanaba
a personas
enfermas)

Their homes called RUCAS

(sus casas se llaman rucas)

INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF THE FAR SOUTH

PUEBLO

UBICACION

SOCIEDAD

ECONOMIA

CHONOS

Lived on the
Islands of Chiloe
and the Taitao
Pennsula (Lagos
and Aysen
regions)

The DALCAS could carry a family group.

(las dalcas llevaban al grupo familiar)

Fishing.
Grow potatoes
and corn

Sedentary

The mens fishing and hunting

The women divers and gathered. (los
hombres cazaban y las mujeres hacian
labores de casa)

Aysen and
Magallanes
regions.

The women were in charge of diving for

and gathering shellfish. (las mujeres
buceaban y recolectaban mariscos)

Nomads

The CANOES they used were a mode of

transportation. (se transportaban en
canoas)

KAWESKA
R

The authority in this group was the

father of the family. (la autoridad era el
padre de familia)

CREENCIAS/
CULTURA
The spiritual
beliefs were
founded in magic
rituals.
(creian en espritus
y tenan ritos
mgicos)

Fishing
Gathered

To protect from the cold they covered

their bodies in sea lion fat. (para
protegerse del fro se cubran su piel con
aceite de lobo marino)

AONIKENK

Lived on the
Patagonian.

Organized in bands of hunters and

gathered. (se organizaban en bandas
cazadoras recolectoras)

Nomads
Women is responsible: domestic duties,
taking care of the children. (la mujer era
responsible de las labores de la casa y cuidar
a los hijos)

Hunting
guanaco.

Believe in good
and bad spirits
and in life after
death. (creian en
malos y Buenos
espritus)
SHAMANS: cure

Men: hunting

illnesses.
(shamans curaban
a los enfermos)