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Konversi dalam
Reaktor Non-Ideal

Contoh-2 : Konversi dg menggunakan data RTD

Suatu reaktor (space time = 15 menit) digunakan untuk reaksi
dekomposisi dengan laju sbb : -rA = kCA dan k = 0,307 min-1
Tentukan konversi reaksinya jika reaktornya bersifat :
a. plug flow
b. mixed flow
c. tidak ideal, pola alirnya seperti contoh-1
Penyelesaian :
Reaktor Plug Flow :

Reaktor Mixed Flow :

XAf

= CA0
P

CA0

dXA
rA

X Af

XA = 99 %
XA = 82 %

rA

Non ideal, pola alirnya seperti contoh-1 (Levenspiel)

C A CA

E.dt
C = C
Ao 0 Ao element

XA = 93 %
T.Kimia ITS

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KONVERSI DALAM REAKTOR

ALIR NON-IDEAL (model zero parameter)
CA

C
Ao

CA
=
C
0 Ao

E.dt
element

Reaksi orde 1 :

CA

C Ao

X = ( X A )element E.dt
0

= e kt
element

Reaksi orde 2 :

CA
1

=
C
1
+
kC
Ao t
Ao element

Reaksi orde n :

CA

C Ao

n 1

= 1 + ( n 1)C Ao
kt
element
3

1 / 1 n
T.Kimia ITS

Contoh-2 :
Konversi dg menggunakan data RTD
C A CA

E.dt
C = C
Ao 0 Ao element
C A kt

C = e E.dt
Ao 0
CA
kt

C = e E.t
Ao

Waktu t, min

10

15

20

25

30

35

C, g/m3

E=C/area,
e-ktE.t

min-1

0,03

0,05

0,05

0,04

0,02

0,01

0,0323

0,0116

0,0025

0,0004

0,0001

0,00

CA
= e kt Et = 0,0469
C A0

XA = 93 %
T.Kimia ITS

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Model Dispersi

Reaksi Kimia & Dispersi

Adanya dispersi dalam suatu reaktor akan
mempengaruhi konversi yang terjadi

A
Produk

rA = kC An

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Reaksi Orde 1

Untuk deviasi kecil :

Reaksi Orde 1

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Reaksi Orde 2

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Model Tangki Seri

Reaksi Kimia & Tangki Seri

Reaksi Orde 1 : A
Produk pada satu tangki :

CA
1
1
=
=
C A0 1 + k t i 1 + k t
Untuk N tangki :

CA
1
1
=
=
N
C A0 (1 + k t i )
(1 + kNt )N

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Reaksi Orde 1

Reaksi Orde 2

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Example 14.1 : MODIFICATIONS TO A WINERY

A small diameter pipe 32 m long runs from the fermentation
room of a winery to the bottle filling cellar. Sometimes red
wine is pumped through the pipe, sometimes white, and
whenever the switch is made from one to the other a small
amount of "house blend" rose is produced (8 bottles).
Because of some construction in the winery the pipeline
length will have to be increased to 50 m. For the same flow
rate of wine, how many bottles of rose may we now expect to
get each time we switch the flow?
Solutioon :
Figure E14.1 sketches the problem. Let the number of bottles,
the spread, be related to .

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Example 14.2 : A FABLE ON RIVER POLLUTION

Last spring our office received complaints of a large fish kill along the Ohio
River, indicating that someone had discharged highly toxic material into the
river. Our water monitoring stations at Cincinnati and Portsmouth, Ohio (119
miles apart), report that a large slug of phenol is moving down the river, and
we strongly suspect that this is the cause of the pollution. The slug took
about 10.5 hours to pass the Portsmouth monitoring station, and its
concentration peaked at 8:00 A.M. Monday. About 26 hours later the slug
peaked at Cincinnati, taking 14 hours to pass this monitoring station. Phenol is
used at a number of locations on the Ohio River, and their distance upriver
from Cincinnati are as follows:
Ashland , KY-150 miles upstream
Marietta, OH-303
Huntington, WV-168
Wheeling, WV-385
Pomeroy, OH-222
Steubenville, OH-425
Parkersburg, WV-290
Pittsburgh, PA-500
What can you say about the probable pollution source?

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SOLUTION
Let us first sketch what is known, as shown in Fig. E14.2. To start, assume
that a perfect pulse is injected. Then according to any reasonable flow
model, either dispersion or tanks-in-series, we have

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