NG PHP TING ANH LP 8

CM T CH KT QU:
enough , too
a/ enough .to ( .. c th) S + V + adj / adv + enough (for O) + to-V1
S + V + enough + N + to-V1
Ex: My sister cant get married because she is young.
____________________________________________
I didnt buy a new computer because I didnt have money.
____________________________________________
b/ too .to (qu .khng th) S + V + too + adj / adv (for O) + to-V1
Ex: He is very short, so he cant play basket ball.
- He is ___________________________________
The house is very expensive. We cant buy it.
- The house _________________________________
MNH CH KT QU
a/ so .that (qu n ni)
S+ V+ so + adj / adv + that + S + cant / couldnt / wouldnt + V1
Ex: 1. The coffee is very hot. I cant drink it.
The coffee ________________________________
2. I couldnt catch him because he ran very fast.
- He ran _____________________________________.
b/ such . that (qu n ni)
S+ V + such (a/an) + adj + N + that + S + cant / couldnt / wouldnt + V1
Note: khng dng a, an nu danh t l danh t s nhiu hoc danh t khng m c
Ex: 1. It is a cool day. We dont need to turn on the air- conditioner.
- It is _______________________we dont need to turn on the air- conditioner.
2. It is such a long homework that I cant finish it in an hour.
- The homework is so ___________________________________________
3. The bag was so heavy that I couldnt carry it.
- It is such ___________________________________________________
Note: - Cu trc enough v too: + nu 2 ch t khc nhau th dng for + O + khng s dng cc
i t it, her, him, them ch danh t pha trc
The house is very expensive. We cant buy it.
- The house is too expensive for us to buy.
- Cu trc so v such: phi dng i t it, her, him, them ch danh t pha trc
- The house is so expensive that I cant buy it.
- so many + N m c s nhiu: qu nhiu
There are so many students that I cant remember their name.
- so much + N khng m c: qu nhiu
I drank so much coffee that I couldnt sleep.
- so few + N m c s nhiu: qu t .
There were so few people that they cancelled the meeting.

- so little + N khng m c:
qu t.
He had so little money that he couldnt buy that book.
CU CM THN
What + (a / an) + adj + N! Note: khng dng a, an nu danh t l danh t s nhiu hoc danh t
khng m c
- What a lovely dress!
- What an expensive car!
- What hot coffee!
- What good students! TH (TENSES)
Th Khng nh Ph nh Nghi vn Du hiu Hin ti n
S+ V1 S + V(s-es) (be): am- is- are
S + dont/ doesnt +V1 S+ am not/ isnt/ arent
(Wh) + Do/Does + S + V1?
(Wh) + Am/Is/Are + S+?
Everyday, usually, never, often, sometimes, always, ... Hin ti tip din
S + am/is/are + V-ing
S + am/is/are(not) +V-ing
Am/ Is/Are + S + V-ing?
Now, at the present, at the moment, at this time, Look! Listen!, Be careful!. Hurry up! S khc
nhau gia hin ti n v hin ti tip din
Present simple (HT)
Present progressive(HTTD)
1. Hnh ng lun lun ng, thi quen hin 1. Hnh ng c tnh tm thi, khng thng
ti - I work in New York.
xuyn: (today, this week, this year...) - I go to
school by bike everyday but today I am
walking.
2. Thi kho biu, lch trnh cc chng trnh
2. Khng dng th ny vi cc hot ng nhn
The train for Hanoi leaves at 7.30 tonight.
thc, tnh cm, tnh trng, s hu, tn ti: see,
think, believe, feel, look, smell, taste, hear,
have, be
3. S tht, chn l hin nhin: - It is hot in
3. K hoch, s sp xp cho tng lai gn: summer.
She is arriving at 11 oclock.
4. Dng km vi ALWAYS din t s phn
nn: - He is always coming to class late.
Th Tng lai gn
Khng nh S + am/ is/ are + going to +V1
Ph nh S + am/ is/ are+ not + going to +V1
Nghi vn
(Wh) + am/ Is/ Are + S+ going to +V1 ?
Du hiu Tomorrow, tonight, soon, next, someday, in the future
Tng lai n
S+ will + V1
S+ will not + V1 (wont)

(Wh) + Will + S + V1.?

S khc nhau gia tng lai gn v tng lai n
Intended future (Tng lai gn)
Future simple (Tng lai n)
1. nh c d tnh, sp xp trc khi
1. nh c ngay khi ni hay hnh ng s
ni: - I am going to visit New York this
xy ra tng lai khng c d nh trc: summer.
The phone is ringing. - I will answer it. - He
will come here tomorrow.
2. D on chc chn da vo cn c hin ti: 2. kin, li ha, hy vng, pht biu v mt
- There are a lot of clouds. I think it is going to hnh ng trong tng lai: (think, promise,
rain.
hope, expect, sure, .)
- Wait here and I
will get you a drink.
- I think you will pass
the exam.
Th Hin ti hon thnh
Khng nh S + have / has +V3
Ph nh S + have / has + not + V3
Nghi vn (Wh) + have / has + S + V3 ?
Du hiu Since + mc th/g For + khong th/g Ever, never, already, so far, just, up to now,
lately, recently, yet, how long, this is the first time/the second time, several times, before,
Qu kh n
S + was / were S + V2/-ed
S + wasnt / werent S + didnt + V1
(Wh) + was / were + S .?
(Wh) + did + S + V1 ?
Yesterday, ago, in + th/g QK, last , Its time / Its high time ( n lc)
S khc nhau gia hin ti hon thnh v qu kh n
Present Perfect (Hin ti hon thnh)
Past simple (Qu kh n)
1. Hnh ng xy ra trong qu kh ko di n 2. Hnh ng va mi xy ra - She has just
hin ti v c th xy ra trong tng lai - I
written a letter.
have learnt English since 2008.
1. Hnh ng xy ra v chm dt ti thi
2. Mt thi quen trong qu kh. - I often
im xc nh trong qu kh - It rained a lot
walked to school when I was a pupil.
yesterday.
3. Chui hnh ng xy ra trong qu kh He opened the door, entered the house, turned
on the light and went to the room.
Th Qu kh tip din
Khng nh S + was / were + V-ing
Ph nh S + was / were + not + V-ing
Nghi vn (Wh) + was / were + S + V-ing ?
Du hiu While, when, at that time, at + gi qu kh,

Qu kh hon thnh
S + had + V3/-ed
S + hadnt + V3/-ed
(Wh) + had + S + V3/-ed ?
Before, after, when, by, by the time, for,
Cch dng ca qu kh tip din v qu kh hon thnh
Past progressive (Qu kh tip din)
Past perfect (Qu kh hon thnh)
1. Hnh ng ang xy ra ti mt thi im 1. Hnh ng xy ra trc mt hnh ng khc
xc nh trong qu kh. - I was doing my
hoc trc mt thi im trong qu kh - By
homework at 8 oclock last night.
9 pm yesterday, I had finished all my work. Before you came, she had left for London.
2. Hai hnh ng song song trong qu kh Last night, she was reading a book while her
brother was watching TV.
HA HP TH GIA MNH CHNH V MNH THI GIAN
Mnh chnh
Mnh thi gian Hin ti
Hin ti Qu kh
Qu kh Tng lai
Hin ti Mt s cng thc ha hp th
S + QK + after / as soon as + S + QKHT S + QKHT + before / by/ by the time + S + QK
QKTD + while + QKTD
QK + while / when / as + QKTD
HTHT + since + QK
QK + since then + HTHT
TL + until / when / as soon as + HT
1/ I will wait here until she (come) --- ------ ------ back.
2/ Last night, I was doing my homework while my sister --- ------ ------ ------ ----- games.
3/ I (work) --- ------ --------- here since I (graduate)--- ------ ------ ---.
4/ Before she (have) --- ------ ----- dinner, she (write) --- --------- letter
5/ I (go) --- ------ ------ to bed after I (finish) --- ------ ----- my work.
I T PHN THN
Ch t (trc ng t)
Tc t (sau ng t)
Tnh t s hu (trc danh t)
i t phn thn
i t s hu (dng thay danh t)
I
Me My Myself Mine
You You Your Yourself Yours
He / She / It Him / her / it His / her / its Himself / herself / it self His / hers / its

We Us Our Ourselves Ours You You Your Yourselves Yours

They Them Their Themselves Theirs
NG T KHIM KHUYT ]
* may / might
- hin ti: may / might + V1: c l, din t mt suy on khng chc chn
I phone him but no one answers. He ______________ (be) out.
* must / mustnt - must + V1: phi, din t mt s bt buc c tnh ch quan, khng dng qu
kh - mustnt + V1: khng c php, din t mt s cm on
Ex: - I havent phone Ann for years. I ____________ (phone) her tonight.
-Visitors _____________ (feed) the animals in the zoos.
* need / neednt - need + to V1: cn (ch ng)
- need + V-ing = need + to be V3/-ed: cn c (b ng)
- neednt + V1 = dont have to + V1: khng cn
Ex: My car is very dirty. It needs ____________ (wash).
My car is dirty. I need ________________ (wash) it.
The car is not very dirty. You neednt ______________ (wash) it.
* should / shouldnt - should + V1 = ought to + V1 = had better + V1: nn - shouldnt + V1:
khng nn
Ex: If you want to pass the final exam, you ______________ (study) hard.
You _____________ (smoke). It is harmful.
* have to + V1: phi, din t iu bt buc c tnh khch quan , dng trong qu kh (had to +
V1), hin ti (have / has to + V1) v tng lai (will have to + V1)
Ex: -Children _____________ (wear) uniform when going to school.
-Yesterday, I felt very ill. I ________________ (see) the doctor.
* can / cant - can + V1: c th, din t mt kh nng - cant + V1: khng th
Ex: She can swim but she cant play tennis.
GII T CH THI GIAN (Prepositions of time)
- in + nm, ma, th k - on + th, ngy thng
- at + gi (at 7 oclock, at the weekend, )
- after: sau, sau khi - before: trc, trc khi
- between and .: gia
USED TO 1. used to + V1: ( tng), thi quen trong qu kh, m nay khng cn na.
Khng nh: S + used to + V1
He used to live here.
Ph nh:
S + didnt + use to + V1 He didnt use to smoke.
Nghi vn:
Did + S + use to + V1? Did he use to smoke?
2. S + be used to / get used to + V-ing / N: quen vi / tr nn quen vi ..
I am used to
getting up early.

TRNG NG CH CCH THC

- adj + ly adv
Chc nng: - sau ng t thng: S + V + adv
He ran quickly.
- gia tr ng t v ng t chnh: be + adv + V3/-ed
have / has + adv + V3/-ed
The
house was completely repaired.
- ng u cu, trc du phy: adv, S + V + O
Luckily, we won the game.
Mt s trng t bt quy tc Good well
Bad badly
fast fast
late late (tr, mun)
lately: mi y, gn y hard hard (vt v, chm ch)
hardly: hu nh khng
CU TNG THUT
- Nu ng t tng thut th qu kh th khi i sang cu gin tip ta i ngi, th v trng
ng.
1/ Cch i ngi:
- Ngi th nht (I, We, me, my, us, our): i da vo ch t ng trc ng t tng thut
(said/ told), thng i thnh ngi th ba. I he / she
me him / her
my his / her We they
us them
our their
Ngi th hai (you _ you_ your): i da vo tc t ng sau ng t tng thut (said/ told)
- Ngi th ba (He / She / Him / Her / His / They / Them / Their): gi nguyn, khng i
2/ Cch i th: Trc tip Gin tip HT - V1 /Vs(es) HTTD am / is / are + V-ing HTHT
have / has + V3
HTHTTD have / has been +V-ing QK V2 / -ed QKTD was / were + Ving TL will + V1 Must + V1 QK V2 / V-ed QKTD was / were + V-ing QKHT had +
V3 QKHTTD - had been + V-ing QKHT had + V3 QKHTTD had been +V-ing TL trong QK
- would + V1 had to + V1
3/ Cch i cc trng t ch thi gian v ni chn: Trc tip Gin tip today/ tonight that
day/ that night yesterday the day before/ the previous day last month the month before / the
previous month tomorrow the following day/ the next day / the day after next month the
following month / the next month / the month after here there now then ago before this
that these those
4/ i cu mnh lnh khng nh: S + V + O: Please + V1 . S + V + O: Can + S + V1

S + told + O + to V1
5/ i cu mnh lnh ph nh:
S + V + O: Please + dont + V1 .
S + told + O +
not to V1 a/ She said: I am doing my homework.
______________________________________________
b/ Please help me do my homework, Hoa. he said.
______________________________________________
c/ Can you lend me your bike, John said to Mary.
______________________________________________
d/ My brother said to me: You should try to study English hard.
______________________________________________
e/ Tom said to her: I will give you this book tomorrow.
GERUNDS (DANH NG T)

Danh ng t (V-ing) c dng:

1/ Sau cc cm ng t - be used to / get used to: quen vi, tr nn quen vi
look forward to :
mong i
cant stand = can bear: khng th chu c
- Its no use / its no good :
khng c li ch g
- be busy :
bn rn
- be worth :
c gi tr
- feel like :
cm thy thch 2/ Sau cc gii t ( on, at, about, from, to, without )
3/ Sau cc ng t
-mind :
( thy phin )
-continue :
( tip tc )
-finish :
( hon thnh )
- avoid :
( trnh )
-deny :
( chi ci )
-detest :
( ght )
- enjoy :
( thch th )
- keep :
( tip tc )
- consider : (xem nh )
- miss :
(b l ,b xt )
- imagine : ( hnh dung ,tng tng )
- appreciate :
( coi trng ,nh gi cao )
- admit : ( tha nhn )
- postpone :
( tr hon )
- practice : ( thc tp )
- dislike
(khng thch)
COMPARISON:
SO SNH
- like
nh
- as + adj/adv + as
bng
- (not) as + adj/adv + as khng bng
- the same as
ging nh
- (not) the same as
khng ging
- different from
khc vi The primary school is not as big as a secondary school. My
birthday is the same as her birthday. Your idea is different from mine.
1. So snh bng:
S + be + as / so + adj + as .
S + V thng + as / so + adv + as
Ex: She studies __________________ (well) as her close friend.
Her bike is _______________________ (good) as her sisters one.
2. So snh khng bng:
S + V + not + so/ as +adj/ adv + as .
Ex. She is . (tall) her sister.

3. So snh hn - Tnh t / trng t ngn

S + V + adj / adv + er + than.
Ex: She drives ______________ (fast) than her sister does.
- Tnh t / trng t di :
S + V + more + adj / adv + than
Ex: She drives _______________ (carefully) than her sister does.
She is
_________________ (careful) than her sister is. 4. So snh nht
- Tnh t / trng t ngn
S + V + the + adj / adv + est + ..
Ex: She drives ______________ (fast) in her family.
She is ________________ (tall) in her family.
- Tnh t / trng t di:
S + V + the most + adj / adv + ..
Ex: She drives _______________ (carefully) in her family.
She is _________________ (careful) in her family.
* Cc dng c bit: Adj / adv So snh hn
So snh nht Good / well (tt) better best Bad / badly (xu) worse worst Many /
much (nhiu) more most Little + N
khng m c: t less least Far
(xa) farther/further farthest/ furthest Few + N m
c: t
fewer fewest
CM T CH MC CH
to
Khng nh:
S +V + in order to + V1
( )
so as to
Ex: I try to study (pass) ________________my next exam.
He does morning exercises
regularly (improve) ______________his heath.
Ph nh: S + V + in order not to / so as not to + V1
( khng) Ex: I get up early in order not to be late for school.
CCH PHT M -S/-ES * c thnh m /s/ vi nhng t c m cui l / p, f, k, t, / * c
thnh m /iz/ vi nhng t c m cui l / s, z, , t, dz, / * c thnh m /z/ vi nhng trng
hp cn li
CCH PHT M ED * c thnh m /id/ vi nhng t c m cui l / t, d / * c thnh m /t/
vi nhng t c m cui l /p, f, k, s, , t, / * c thnh m /d/ vi nhng trng hp cn li
PASSIVE VOICE
(Cu b ng)
1.CCH CHUYN I T CU CH NG SANG CU B NG Active:
S
+ V + O Passive:
S+
BE + V3/-ed + BY + O
2. CCH CHUYN I HNH THC NG T CA MT S TH TH Hin ti tip din
CH NG V1 / Vs(es) Am / is / are + V3
B NG am / is / are + V-ing
Hin ti n
Am / is / are + being + V3
Hin ti hon thnh Have / has + V3 Have / has been + V3
Qu kh n V2 / V-ed Was / were + V3
Qu kh tip din Was / were + V-ing Was / were + being + V3
Qu kh hon thnh Had + V3 Had been + V3
Tng lai n Will + V1 Will / shall + be + V3

ng t khim khuyt can / may / should / must / have to / might / be going to + V1 Can /
may / should / .+ V3
- trng ng ch ni chn ng trc by + O
- trng ng ch thi gian ng sau by + O
- nu ch t trong cu ch ng l cc t ph nh (no one, nobody, ) th i sang dng ph
nh ca cu b ng
CU TRC
Its + adj + to V1
tht
V-ing + is + adj S + be + adj + that + S + V + O
Ex: Its difficult to learn English.
I am happy to receive your letter.
She was pleased that you came to your birthday party.
HIN TI PHN T V QU KH PHN T (-ing and ed participles)
- Hin ti phn t (V-ing) v qu kh phn t (V-ed) c th ng vi tr nh mt tnh t (ng sau
to be, ng trc danh t)
- Hin ti phn t: thng dng miu t vt, mang ch ng
- Qu kh phn t thng dng miu t ngi, mang b ng
Ex: The book is very interesting. Im interested in reading it.
* Mt s hin ti phn t v qu kh phn t thng gp
Ex: suprise
surprised
surprising
ngc nhin
1. bore
bored
boring chn, d
2. excite excited exciting ho hng, phn khi
3. interest interested
interesting th v, hng th
4. amuse amused amusing bun ci, vui nhn
5. disappoint disapponited disappointing tht vng
6. tire tiring tired mt mi
HIN TI TIP DIN DNG VI ALWAYS
S + be + always + V-ing Ex: He is always coming to class late.
DANH T GHP
N + V-ing
- rice-cooking
fire-making
flower-arranging
CU HI GIN TIP VI IF / WHETHER
S + asked + O + if / whether + S + V + O
Nga asked me if / whether I knew the film Titanic.
(Nga hi ti ti c bit phim Titanic hay khng)
NG T NGUYN MU C TO : (to-V1)
Sau cc tnh t : glad , happy , ready ..
S+ BE + ADJ + to-V1
Ex: Its difficult to do that exercise.
Trong cu trc : IT + TAKES/ TOOK + O + th/g + to-V1
Ex : It took him fifteen minutes to walk to school
Sau nghi vn t What , who ,how where .. (khng dng vi t why)

I dont know where to park my car.

Sau mt s ng t learn : (hc)
mean: ( c ngha, c )
plan d dnh , c k hoch )
promise: ( ha )
want : ( mun )
agree : ( ng )
refuse: ( t chi )
attempt : ( c gng)
fail : ( tht bi )
prepare: ( chun b )
determine ( quyt tm )
manage (c gng, xoay tr)
decide (quyt nh)
invite (mi) hope (hy vng)
wish (c mun) tend (c xu hng)
intend (c nh, d nh)
BNG K NG T BT QUI TC
Nguyn mu Qu kh Qu kh phn t Ngha
be
was, were been Th, l, , b c
beat beat
beaten
nh
become became
become Thnh,tr nn
begin
began
begun
Bt u
bite bit
bit, bitten
Cn
blow
blew
blown Thi
break
broke broken
Lm v, b gy
bring
brought brought Mang li, em li
build
built
built
Xy dng
burn
burnt
burnt t chy
buy bought
bought Mua
catch
caught caught Bt, chp c
choose chose
chosen
La chn
come
came
come
n
cost
cost
cost Tr gi
cut
cut cut Ct
do
did
done Lm
draw
drew
drawn
Ko, v
dream dreamt
dreamt M, mng
drink
drank
drunk
Ung
drive
drove driven
a, li xe
eat ate
eaten
n

fall fell fallen

Ng, ri, t
feed
fed
fed
Nui cho n
feel felt felt
Cm thy
fight
fought fought
nh , chin u
find
found
found Tm thy, c
fly flew
flown
Bay
forget
forget forgotten
Qun
get
got got, gotten
c, tr nn
give
gave given
Cho
go
went
gone i
grow
grew
grown
Ln ln, mc
hang
hung
hung Treo
have
had
had
C
hear
heard
heard
Nghe
hide
hid
hid, hidden
n, trn, giu
hit
hit
hit ng chm
hold
held
held
Cm gi, t chc
hurt
hurt hurt Lm au, lm hi
keep
kept kept
Gi
know
knew
known
Bit
lead
led
led
Dn dt, lnh o
lay laid
laid
, t, trng
learn
learnt learnt Hc, c tin
leave left left B li, ri khi
lend
lent
lent
Cho vay
let let let cho, cho php
lie lay lain
Nm
lose
lost lost Mt, nh mt
make made
made
Lm, ch to
mean
meant meant C ngh, mun ni
meet met met
Gp
pay paid
paid Tr tin
put
put put t,
read
read
read
c
ride
rode ridden
Ci (nga, xe p)
ring
rang
rung
Rung chung, reo
rise
rose risen
Mc ln
run
ran
run
Chy
say said
said
Ni
see saw
seen Thy, nhn thy
sell
sold sold
Bn

send
sent sent
Gi
set
set
set , t, lp nn
sing
sang
sung
Ht
sit
sat sat Ngi
sleep
slept slept
Ng
smell smelt smelt Ngi thy
speak
spoke spoken
Ni
spell
spelt spelt nh vn
spend
spent spent Tiu xi, tri qua
stand
stood
stood
ng
steal stole
stolen
n trm, ly cp
sweep
swept swept Qut
swim swam swum Bi li
take took
taken
Ly
teach
taught taught Dy
tear
tore
torn
Lm rch, x
tell
told
told
Ni, k li, bo
think
thought
thought Ngh, suy ngh
throw
threw
thrown
Nm, qung, vt
understand
understood
understood
Hiu
wake woke woken Thc tnh
wear
wore worn
Mc, mang
THNH LP T, T LOI
1. Cch nhn bit t loi:
a. Cnh nhn bit danh t: danh t thng c cc hu t sau:
- tion / ation
invention, information
-ment
development, instrument
- ence / ance
difference, importance
- ness
happiness, business
- er (ch ngi)
teacher, worker, writer, singer
- or (ch ngi)
inventor, actor
- ist (ch ngi)
physicist, biologist
- age
teenage, marriage
- ship
friendship, championship
b. Cnh nhn bit tnh t: tnh t thng c cc hu t sau:
- ful
useful, helpful, beautiful
- less (ngha ph nh)
homeless, careless (noun)
- al (thuc v)
natural, agricultural
- ous
dangerous, famous
- ive
expensive, active

- ic
electric, economic
- able
fashionable, comfortable
c . Cnh nhn bit trng t: trng t thng c hu t
-LY. Ex: beautifully, carefully, suddenly, carelessly, recently ...
Lu : Mt s trng t c bit cn ghi nh:
- good (a)
well (adv): gii, tt
- late (a)
late (adv): tr, chm
lately (adv): gn y
- fast (a)
fast (adv): nhanh
- hard (a)
hard (adv): tch cc, vt v, chm ch hardly (adv): hu nh khng
2. Chc nng ca mt s t loi:
a. Danh t (Noun) Sau tnh t
(adj + N)
They are interesting books.
Sau - mo t: a /an / the
- t ch nh: this, that, these, those, every, each,
- t ch s lng: many, some, few, little, several ...
- tnh t s hu: my, his, her, your, our, their, its
He is a student. These flowers are beautiful. She needs some water.
Sau ngoi ng t (V cn O) She buys books. She meets a lot of people.
Sau gii t
(prep. + N) He talked about the story yesterday. He is interested in music.
Trc V chia th (N lm ch t) The main has just arrived.
Sau enough
(enough + N) I dont have enough money to buy that house.
b. Tnh t (Adj) Trc N
(Adj + N) This is an interesting books.
Sau TO BE I am tired. Sau: become, get, look, feel, taste, smell, seem
It becomes hot.
She feels sad.
Sau trng t
(adv + adj)
It is extremely cold. Im terribly sorry. She is very beautiful.
Sau too
( be + too + adj) That house is too small.
Trc enough
(be + adj + enough) The house isnt large enough.
Trong cu trc:
be + so + adj + that She was so angry that she cant speak. A, an, the, this,
that, his, her, their, my, + (Adj) + Noun My new car is blue.
c. Trng t (Adv) Sau V thng He drove carefully. Trc Adj I meet an extremely
handsome man. Gia cm V She has already finished the job. u cu hoc trc du phy
Unfortunately, I couldnt come the party.
Sau too
V + too + adv They walked too slowly to catch the bus.
Trong cu trc
V + so + adv + that Jack drove so fast that he caused an accident.
Trc enough
V + adv + enough You should write clearly enough for every body to
read.
MT S CU TRC KHC
1. Li ni ph ha:
a. ng theo mt cu khng nh, dng:
- S + V tr + too.
- So + V tr + S.

b. ng theo cu ph nh, dng:

- S + V tr (ph nh) + either.
- Neither + V tr
(khng nh) + S.
2. Would you mind / Do you mind + V-ing .?
Do you mind if I + V (Hin ti n).?
Would you mind if I + V (Qu kh n) .?
3. i th qu kh n sang hin ti hon thnh S + last + V qu kh n + thi gian + ago.
- S + V hin ti hon thnh (ph nh) + for + thi gian
- Its + thi gian + since + S + last + V qu kh n.
The last time + S + V qu kh n + was + thi gian + ago.
Ex: I last went to Dalat nine years ago.
- I --- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ -------- It --- ------ ------ ----------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ The --- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ----------- ------ ------ --This is the first time + S + HTHT khng nh
- S + HTHT never + before Ex: This is the first time I have visited Hanoi.
- I --- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ----4. used to
K: S + used to + V1
( tng)
P: S + didnt use to + V1
(khng tng)
NV: Did + S + use to + V1 ..?
(c tng .khng)
5. be used to / get used to + V-ing: quen vi
6. It takes / took + O + time + to-inf.
7. S ngi + spend + time + V-ing
It took me twenty minutes to do this test.
I spent .