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Atlas of Economic Complexity
Atlas of Economic Complexity
M a p p i n g
P a t h s
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY
T o
P r o s p e r i t y
Hausmann, Hidalgo et al.
the atlas of
M a p p i n g
P a t h s
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY
T o
P r o s p e r i t y
Hausmann, Hidalgo et al.
AUTHORS:
Ricardo Hausmann | Csar A. Hidalgo | Sebastin Bustos | Michele Coscia
Sarah Chung | Juan Jimenez | Alexander Simoes | Muhammed A. Yldrm
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The research on which this Atlas is based began around 2006 with the idea of the
product space. In the original paper published in Science in 2007, we collaborated
with Albert-Laszlo Barabasi and Bailey Klinger. The view of economic development of
countries as a process of discovering which products a country can master, a process
we called self-discovery, came from joint work with Dani Rodrik and later also with
Jason Hwang. We explored different implications of the basic approach in papers
with Dany Bahar, Bailey Klinger, Robert Lawrence, Francisco Rodriguez, Dani Rodrik,
Charles Sabel, Rodrigo Wagner and Andrs Zahler. Throughout, we received significant
feedback and advice from Lant Pritchett, Andrs Velasco and Adrian Wood.
We want to thank the dedicated team that runs Harvards Center for International
Development (CID) for helping bring the Atlas to life: Marcela Escobari, Jennifer Gala,
Irene Gandara Jones, Aimee Fox, Adriana Hoyos, Andrea Carranza, Anne Morriss and
Catalina Prieto. We are also indebted to the Necsys team at the MIT Media Lab and to
Sandy Sener. We thank the leadership at Harvard Kennedy School and the MIT Media
Lab who were early enthusiasts of our work.
The editorial design of this book was produced by DRAFT. We would like to especially
acknowledge the contributions of Francisca Barros and Beltrn Garca.
ISBN-10: 0615546625
ISBN-13: 9780615546629
the atlas of
M a p p i n g
P a t h s
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY
T o
P r o s p e r i t y
PRE F A C E
will grow. In fact, it is much more predictive than other wellknown development indicators, such as those that attempt to
measure competitiveness, governance and education.
A central contribution of this Atlas is the creation of a
map that captures the similarity of products in terms of
their knowledge requirements. This map provides paths
through which productive knowledge is more easily accumulated. We call this map, or network, the product space,
and use it to locate each country, illustrating their current
productive capabilities and the products that lie nearby.
Ultimately, this Atlas views economic development as a
social learning process, but one that is rife with pitfalls and
dangers. Countries accumulate productive knowledge by
developing the capacity to make a larger variety of products
Ricardo Hausmann
Director, Center for International Development at Harvard University,
Professor of the Practice of Economic Development, Harvard Kennedy School,
George Cowan Professor, Santa Fe Institute.
of increasing complexity. This process involves trial and error. It is a risky journey in search of the possible. Entrepreneurs, investors and policymakers play a fundamental role
in this economic exploration.
By providing rankings, we wish to clarify the scope of the
achievable, as revealed by the experience of others. By tracking progress, we offer feedback regarding current trends. By
providing maps, we do not pretend to tell potential explorers where to go, but to pinpoint what is out there and what
routes may be shorter or more secure. We hope this will empower these explorers with valuable information that will
encourage them to take on the challenge and thus speed up
the process of economic development.
Csar A. Hidalgo
ABC Career Development Professor, MIT Media Lab,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT),
Faculty Associate, Center for International Development at Harvard University.
We thank the many individuals who, early on, understood the potential impact of research on
economic growth, and shared our teams vision. The generosity of these supporters made this work feasible
and now makes it available to individuals, organizations and governments throughout the world.
T h e a u th o r s w a n t t o a c k n o w l e d g e th e g e n e r o u s s u p p o rt o f :
c o n t e n t s
PA R T 1
12
17
24
30
41
53
56
SECTION 2
SECTION 3
SECTION 4
SECTION 5
SECTION 6
SECTION 7
PA R T 2
60
66
72
78
84
COMPLEXITY RANKINGS
RANKING 1
RANKING 2
PA R T 3
92
96
350
COUNTRY PAGES
How to Read the Country Pages
Albania
Zimbabwe
PA R T 1
SEC T I O N 1
What Do We Mean by Economic Complexity?
baseball, you must know how to catch, field and bat, but you
do not need to know how to give financial advice or fix cavities. On the other hand, to perform the function of baseball
player, knowing how to catch a ball is not enough (you must
also be able to field and bat). In other words, in allocating
productive knowledge to individuals, it is important that
the chunks each person gets be internally coherent so that
he or she can perform a certain function. We refer to these
modularized chunks of embedded knowledge as capabilities. Some of these capabilities have been modularized at
the level of individuals, while others have been grouped into
organizations and even into networks of organizations.
For example, consider what has happened with undergraduate degrees, which in the US take four years of study.
This norm has remained constant for the last four centuries.
During the same period, however, knowledge has expanded
enormously. The university system did not respond to the
increase in knowledge by lengthening the time it takes to
get a college degree. Instead, it increased the diversity of
degrees. What used to be a degree in philosophy, split into
several branches, one being natural philosophy, which later
split into physics, chemistry and biology and later into other
disciplines such as ecology, earth sciences and psychology.
The Bureau of Labor Statistics Standard Occupation Classification for 2010 lists 840 different occupations, including
78 in healthcare, 16 in engineering, 35 kinds of scientists
in coarse categories such as economists, physicists and
chemists five types of artists, and eight kinds of designers. We can all imagine a much more nuanced classification
in our respective fields. For instance, we could distinguish
between economists that specialize in labor, trade, finance,
development, industrial organization, macro and econometrics, among others. If we did this further disaggregation for all occupations, we would easily go into the tens
of thousands. The only way that society can hold all of the
knowledge we have is by distributing coherent pieces of it
among individuals. It is the way the world adapts to expanding knowledge.
Most products, however, require more knowledge than
can be mastered by any individual. Hence, those products
require that individuals with different capabilities interact.
Assume that a person has the capacity to hold an amount of
tacit knowledge equal to one personbyte. How can you make
a product that requires 100 different personbytes? Obviously, it cannot be made by a micro-entrepreneur working on
her own. It has to be made either by an organization with at
least 100 individuals (with a different personbyte each), or
by a network of organizations that can aggregate these 100
personbytes of knowledge. How can a society hold a kilo-,
mega- or giga-personbyte? Only through a deep division of
labor, in which individuals become experts in small pieces
of the available knowledge and then aggregate their personbytes into peoplebytes through organizations and markets.
For example, to make a shirt you need to design it, pro-
cure the fabric, cut it, sew it, pack it, brand it, market it and
distribute it. In a firm that manufactures shirts, expertise
in each of these knowledge chunks will be held by different people. And shirts require all of them. Moreover, you
need to finance the operation, hire the relevant people, coordinate all the activities and negotiate everybodys buy-in,
which in itself require different kinds of knowhow. We can
say that putting together this operation requires know-who
and know-where. Know-who can be thought of as knowledge of who has the requisite chunks of knowledge, and
know-where as knowledge of where the people and organizations that have this knowledge are located. To make
shirts, you can import the fabric and access the knowledge
about looms and threading that is embedded in a piece of
cloth. Yet some of the knowledge required cannot be accessed through shipped inputs. The people with the relevant
knowledge must be near the place where shirts are made.
In fact, just as knowhow is modularized in people in the
form of individual capabilities, larger amounts of knowhow
are modularized in organizations, and networks of organizations, as organizational or collective capabilities. For example, to operate a garment plant you need power and water. You need to be able to move raw materials in and ship
the final product out. Workers need access to urban transportation, day care centers and health facilities. To be able
to operate, the plant manager needs all of these services to
be locally available. This implies that others must be aggre-
SECTION 2
How Do We Measure Economic Complexity?
F igure 2 . 1 :
Graphical explanation of diversity and ubiquity.
D i v ersity(kc,0): :
Diversity
Diversity is related to the number of
Diversityproducts
is related
to the number of
that a country is connected
products that ato.country
is connected
to.of
This is equal
to the number
this country
has that
in the
This is equal tolinks
the that
number
of links
network. In this example, using a
this country
hasofinthe
the2009
network.
this
subset
data, the In
diversity
5, that
of Argentina
example, usingofaNetherlands
subset ofisthe
2009
data,
is 3, and that of Gana is 1.
NETHERLANDS (NLD)
X-RAY MACHINES
MEDICAMENTS
ARGENTINA (ARG)
CHEESE
GHANA (GHA)
FROZEN FISH
Ubiquity (kp,0):
Ubiquity
U b i q uity is is :related to the number of
Ubiquity is is related to the number of
countries
that a product is connected to.
countries that a product is connected to.
This
equal
to number
the number
links that
This isis
equal
to the
of linksof
that
this product
hashas
in the
In this In this
this
product
innetwork.
the network.
example, using a subset of the 2009 data,
example,
using a subset of the 2009 data,
the ubiquity of Cheese is 2, that of Fish is
3
and
that
of
Medicaments
1. 2, that of Fish is 3
the ubiquity
of Cheeseis is
and that of Medicaments is 1.
F igure 2 . 2 :
Map of the World colored according to ECI Ranking.
Rank
1
128
complexity. For countries, we refer to this as the Economic Complexity Index (ECI). The corresponding measure for
products gives us the Product Complexity Index. Technical
Box 2.2 presents the mathematical definition of these two
quantities and Ranking 1 lists countries sorted by their ECI.
Figure 2.2 shows a map of the world colored according to a
countrys ECI ranking.
Consider the case of Singapore and Pakistan. The population of Pakistan is 34 times larger than that of Singapore. At
market prices their GDPs are similar since Singapore is 38
times richer than Pakistan in per capita terms. Under the
classification we use in this Atlas, they both export a similar number of different products, about 133. How can products tell us about the conspicuous differences in the level
of development that exist between these two countries?
Pakistan exports products that are on average exported by
I n f o r m a t i o n B o x 2 . 1 : A n a lt e r n a t i v e
way t o u n d e r s ta n d o u r m e a s u r e s
of economic complexity
are complex because few countries make them, and those
that do tend to be diverse. By contrast, wood logs are exported
by most countries, indicating that many countries have the
knowledge required to export them. Now consider the case
of raw diamonds. These products are extracted in very few
places, making their ubiquity quite low. But is this a reflection
of the high knowledge-intensity of raw diamonds? Of course
not. If raw diamonds were complex, the countries that would
extract diamonds should also be able to make many other
things. Since Sierra Leone and Botswana are not very diversified, this indicates that something other than large volumes
of knowledge is what makes diamonds rare (see Information
Box 2.2 on Product Complexity).
This Atlas relies on international trade data. We made
this choice because it is the only dataset available that has
a rich detailed cross-country information linking countries
to the products that they produce in a standardized classification. As such, it offers great advantages, but it does
have limitations. First, it includes data on exports, not production. Countries may be able to make things that they do
not export. The fact that they do not export them, however,
suggests that they may not be very good at them. Countries may also export things they do not make. To circumvent this issue we require that countries export a fair share
of the products we connect them to (see Technical Box 2.1).
Second, because the data is collected by customs offices, it
includes only goods and not services. This is an important
drawback, as services are becoming a rising share of international trade. Unfortunately, the statistical efforts of most
countries of the world have not kept up with this reality.
Finally, the data does not include information on non-tradable activities. These are an important part of the economic
eco-system that allows products and services to be made.
Our current research is focused on finding implementable
solutions to these limitations, and we hope we will be able
to present them in future versions of this Atlas.
Understanding the measures of economic complexity described in this Atlas can be sometimes challenging. Analogies, however, can help get our minds
around what the economic complexity index is able to capture.
Think of a particular country and consider a random product. Now, ask
yourself the following question: If this country cannot make this product, in
how many other countries can this product be made? If the answer is many
countries, then this country probably does not have a complex economy. On
the other hand, if few other countries are able to make a product that this
country cannot make, this would suggest that this is a complex economy.
Let us illustrate this with a few examples. According to our measures, Japan and Germany are the two countries with the highest levels of economic
complexity. Ask yourself the question: If a good cannot be produced in Japan
or Germany, where else can it be made? That list of countries is likely to be
a very short one, indicating that Japan and Germany are complex economies.
Now take an opposite example: if a product cannot be made in Mauritania or
Sudan, where else can it be made? For most products this is likely to be a long
list of countries, indicating that Sudan and Mauritania are among the worlds
least complex economies.
This analogy is useful to understand the difference between economic complexity and the level of income per capita of a country. Two countries that have
high levels of economic complexity, but still low levels of per capita income are
China and Thailand. Ask yourself the question, if you cannot produce it in China
or Thailand, where else can you produce it? That list of countries will tend to be
relatively short. The comparison becomes starker if we restrict it to countries
with a similar level of per capita income, like Iran, Peru and Venezuela, countries
that do not make things that many other can.
At the opposite end of this comparison, there are countries with high levels
of per capita income but relatively low levels of economic complexity. Examples
of this are Qatar, Kuwait, Oman, Venezuela, Libya and Chile. These countries
are not rich because of the productive knowledge they hold but because of their
geological luck, given the large volumes of natural resources based wealth.
Ask yourself the question; if you cannot build it in Chile or Venezuela, where
else can you build it? The fact that there are many countries where it would be
possible to produce many things that are not being made in Chile or Venezuela,
including countries with a similar level of income such as Hungary or the Czech
Republic, indicates that the level of economic complexity of these countries is
low, despite their fairly high level of income.
In fact, as we show in this Atlas, the gap between a countrys complexity
and its level of per capita income is an important determinant of future growth:
countries tend to converge to the level of income that can be supported by the
knowhow that is embedded in their economy.
T E C H N I C A L B OX 2 . 1 : M E A S U R I N G E C O N O M I C C O M P L E X I T Y:
If we define
, as a matrix that is 1 if country produces product , and
otherwise, we can measure diversity and ubiquity simply by summing over the
rows or columns of that matrix. Formally, we define:
where
where < > represents an average, stdev stands for the standard deviation and
where
I n f o r m at i o n B o x 2 . 2 : T h e w o r l d s m o s t a n d l e a s t c o m p l e x p r o d u c t s
Table 2.2.1 and Table 2.2.2 show respectively the products that rank highest
and lowest in the complexity scale. The difference between the worlds most
and less complex products is stark. The most complex products are sophisticated chemicals and machinery that tend to emerge from organizations where a
large number of high skilled individuals participate. The worlds least complex
products, on the other hand, are raw minerals or simple agricultural products.
The economic complexity of a country is connected intimately to the complexity of the products that it exports. Ultimately, countries can only increase
their score in the Economic Complexity Index by becoming competitive in an
increasing number of complex industries.
TA B L E 2 . 2 . 1 : T O P 5 P R O D U C T S B Y C O M P L E X I T Y
Product Name
Product Community
7284
Machinery
2.27
8744
2.21
7742
2.16
3345
2.10
7367
Machinery
2.05
Product Name
Product Community
3330
Crude oil
Oil
-3.00
2876
Mining
-2.63
2631
-2.63
3345
Cocoa beans
Tropical Agriculture
-2.61
7367
Sesame seeds
-2.58
t e c h n i c a l b o x 2 . 2 : W h o m a k e s w h at ?
SEC T I O N 3
Why Is Economic Complexity Important?
s we have argued, economic complexity reflects the amount of knowledge that is embedded in the productive structure of an
economy. Seen this way, it is no coincidence
that there is a strong correlation between
our measures of economic complexity and
the income per capita that countries are
able to generate.
Figure 3.1 illustrates the relationship between the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) and Income per
capita for the 128 countries studied in this Atlas. Here, we
separate countries according to their intensity in natural resource exports. We color in red those countries for which
natural resources, such as minerals, gas and oil, represent at
least 10% of GDP. For the 75 countries with a limited relative
presence of natural-resource exports (in blue), economic
complexity accounts for 75 percent of the variance in income per capita. But as the Figure 3.1 illustrates, countries
with a large presence of natural resources can be relatively
rich without being complex. If we control for the income
that is generated from extractive activities, which has more
to do with geology than knowhow, economic complexity can
explain about 73 percent of the variation in income across
all 128 countries. Figure 3.2 shows the tight relationship
between economic complexity and income per capita that
emerges after we take into account a countrys natural resource income.
Economic complexity, therefore, is related to a countrys
level of prosperity. As such, it is just a correlation of things
we care about. The relationship between income and complexity, however, goes deeper than this. Countries whose
FIGURE 3.1:
Shows the relationship between income per capita and the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) for countries where natural resource exports are larger than 10% of GDP (red)
and for those where natural resource exports are lower than 10% of GDP (blue). For the latter group of countries, the Economic Complexity Index accounts for 75% of the
variance. Countries in which the levels of natural resource exports is relatively high tend to be significantly richer than what would be expected given the complexity of
their economies, yet the ECI still correlates strongly with income for that group.
NOR
QAT
105
KWT
AUS
OMN
TTO
GAB
10
LVA
VEN
RUS
CHL
URY
KAZ
ARG
BWA
BRA
103
-3
-2
PER
-1
ISR
EST HRV
LTU
POL
TUR
LBN
MUS
ZAF
CUB
CRI
JAM MKD
COL
DOM
ECU
ALB TUN
NAM
JOR
TKM
SLV
COG
MAR GEO
GTM
PRY
SYR
MNG
IDN
EGY
BOL
LKA
HND
MDA
PHL
NGA
SDN
PNG
MRT
YEM ZMB
SEN
GHA
VNM
NIC
CMR
CIV
IND
KGZ
UZB PAK
TJK
KEN
LAO
KHM
MLI
BGD
TZA
MDG
GIN
UGA
MOZ
ZWE
ETH
MWI
LBR
AZE DZA
IRN
AGO
ESP
HKG
PRT
SAU
CHE
SWE
IRL USAFRA FIN
GBR AUT DEU
ITA
SGP
BEL
CAN
GRC
NZL
LBY
DNK
NLD
ARE
BGR
SRB
BIH
UKR
MYS
PAN
ROU
JPN
SVN
SVK KOR
CZE
HUN
MEX
BLR
THA
CHN
R2 = 0.75
FIGURE 3.2:
1.5
Shows the relationship between economic complexity and income per capita obtained after controlling for each countrys natural resource exports. After including this
control, through the inclusion of the log of natural resource exports per capita, economic complexity and natural resources explain 73% of the variance in per capita
income across countries.
FRA
DOM
.5
0
-.5
SDN
-2
CMR
-1
CHE
NLD
ITA
ESP IRL
USA
AUT
GBR
LBN
KWT
NOR
LBY BEL
MWI
FIN SAU
DNK
SWE
CRI
ARE
AGO
SGP
PRT
KOR
BGD
HRV
HUN
OMN JOR
HKG
KHM
NZL
TUR
SVK
CZE
SRB
AUS
CAN
MUS
ROU
EST
URY
GAB
LVA LTU POL ISR
PRY TTO
KAZ MDA
PAN THA
LKA
SLV
DZA
BLR
BRA
VEN
ARG
CHL
CHN
RUS
CUB
BWA
TKM
MEX
ALBZAF
MYS
BGR
SENCOL
IRN
MAR MKD
BIH
PHL
PER ECU
NAM
PAK
UKR
JAM
O GTMKEN PNG
TUN
HND GEO MNG
BOL
NGA
MRT
CIV
EGY IDN
IND
SYR
NCC YEM MDG
UGA
GIN
ETH
ZMB
GHA
UZB
VNM
LAO
KGZ
MLI
TJK
TZA
LBR
MOZ
ZWE
GRC
-1
SVN
QAT
DEU
AZE
JPN
COG
R2 = 0.73
2
FIGURE 3.3:
Shows the relationship between the annualized GDP per capita growth for the period between 1998 and 2008 and the Economic Complexity Index for 1998, after taking into
account the initial level of income and the increase in natural resource exports during that period (in constant dollars as a share of initial GDP).
CHN
BLR
LVA
KHM
CUB
EST
ALB
TTO
SGP
LTU
RUS
KAZ
GEO
UKR
BGR
ROU
SVK
KOR
TJK
BIH
SVN
IND
VNM
MDA
POL
IRL
HUN
HRV ETH
CZE
JOR
DOM
LKA
THA
TUN
UZB FIN SWE
MUS
LAO
UGA
BGD MNG
MOZ
MYS
CRI
PER
IDN
MAR
TZA
IRN
EGY MKD
GBR
KGZ
AUT
ESPPHLZAF BEL
AUS
LBN
TUR
CAN
NZL
NLD
GHA
USA
SLV OMN NIC
DEU
CHE
ISR
BRA
CHL ARG
FRA
ARE
DNK
ECU
JPN
MEX
PRT URY
PAK COL
HND NGA NOR
AZE
ZMB
ITA
MLI
VEN
SEN
GTM
JAM
DZA
LBR
CMR
SAU
PRY
SYR
KENMRT
MDG
YEM
BOL
GIN
HKG
GRC
Growth in per capita GDP, controlling for initial income and growth
in natural resource exports [1998-2008]
.05
TKM
PAN
AGO
COG
GAB
-.05
PNG
CIV
-1
Economic Complexity Index controlling for initial income and growth in natural resource export [1998]
To analyze the impact of the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) on future economic growth we estimate two regressions where the dependent variable is the
annualized growth rate of GDP per capita for the periods 1978-1988, 1988-1998
and 1998-2008. In the first of these equations we do not include ECI and use
only two control variables: the logarithm of the initial level of GDP per capita in
each period and the increase in natural resource exports in constant dollars as a
share of initial GDP. The first variable captures the idea that, other things equal,
poorer countries should grow faster than rich countries and catch up. This is
known in the economic literature as convergence. The second control variable
captures the effect on growth of increases in income that come from natural
resource wealth, which complexity does not explain. In addition, we include a
dummy variable for each decade, capturing any common factor affecting all
countries during that decade, such as a global boom or a widespread financial
crisis. Taken together, these variables account for 28.5 percent of the variance
in countries growth rates. This is shown in the first column of Table 3.1.1.
In addition to the above mentioned variables, the second regression includes
the effect of economic complexity on growth. We do this by adding two additional terms: the ECI at the beginning of the decade and an interaction term between
the ECI and the initial level of GDP per capita. The interaction attempts to capture the idea that the contribution of economic complexity to future economic
growth depends on the level of per capita income. The second column of Table
3.1.1 shows that economic complexity is strongly associated with future economic growth. The negative coefficient on the interaction term indicates that
the impact of complexity on growth declines with a countrys level of income.
For example, according to the estimation in Column 2, and using data for 1998,
T able 3 . 1 . 1
(1)
(2)
-0.00017
-0.00638***
(0.001)
(0.001)
0.03960***
0.03682***
(0.008)
(0.010)
0.04430***
(0.009)
-0.00371***
(0.001)
Constant
Observations
R2
Year FE
0.03036***
0.08251***
(0.008)
(0.011)
291
291
0.285
0.434
Yes
Yes
T e c h n i c a l B ox 3 . 2 : E c o n o m i c c o m p l e x i t y:
t h e v o l u m e a n d c o n c e n t r at i o n o f e x p o r t s a n d c o u n t r y s i z e
This box explores the robustness of the impact of the Economic Complexity Index on growth. While the ECI is constructed using export data, its relationship with future growth is not driven by export volumes or concentration.
To show this, we start with our basic growth equation (Table 3.2.1, column 1).
Column 2 adds to this equation the increase in the real value of the exports
of goods and services in the decade in question as a fraction of initial GDP.
Exports are a component of GDP, and therefore, we expect them to contribute
to growth. Nevertheless, after including the increase in exports, the effect of
TA B L E 3 . 2 . 1
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
0.04430***
0.03005***
0.04240***
0.04143***
0.04389***
(0.009)
(0.007)
(0.008)
(0.010)
(0.009)
-0.00371***
-0.00244***
-0.00345***
-0.00354***
-0.00381***
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
0.04549***
(0.007)
Exports to GDP
0.00009
(0.000)
Export Concentration
-0.00890
(0.008)
Population, log
0.00168
(0.001)
Observations
R2
Year FE
Robust standard errors in parentheses *** p<0.01, ** p<0.05, * p<0.1
-0.00638***
-0.00562***
-0.00729***
-0.00611***
-0.00558***
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
0.03682***
0.00169
0.03441***
0.03699***
0.03758***
(0.010)
(0.005)
(0.008)
(0.010)
(0.010)
0.08251***
0.06741***
0.08616***
0.08145***
0.04878**
(0.011)
(0.011)
(0.011)
(0.011)
(0.022)
291
260
284
291
291
0.434
0.584
0.449
0.436
0.440
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
SEC T I O N 4
How Is Complexity Different
from Other Approaches?
To the extent that governance is important to allow individuals and organizations to cooperate, share knowledge
and make more complex products, it should be reflected in
the kind of industries that a country can support. Therefore, the Economic Complexity Index indirectly captures information about the quality of governance in the country.
Which indicator captures information that is more relevant
for growth is an empirical question.
Here we compare the contribution to future economic
growth implied by the WGIs and the ECI using a technique
described in Technical Box 4.1. Since the WGIs are available
only since 1996, we perform this exercise using the 19962008 period as a whole and as two consecutive 6-year periods. We also compare with each individual WGI and with
the six of them together.
Figure 4.1 shows that the ECI accounts for 15.1 percent of
the variance in economic growth during the 1996-2008 period, while the six WGIs combined account only for 1.0 percent. For the estimation using the two six year periods, we
find that ECI accounts for 10.5% of the variance in growth,
whereas the six WGIs combined account for 1.6%.
We conclude that as far as future economic growth is concerned, the Economic Complexity Index captures significantly more growth-relevant information than the 6 World
Governance Indicators, either individually or combined.
This does not mean that governance is not important for the
economy. It suggests that the aspects of governance important for growth are weakly reflected in the WGIs and appear
to be more strongly reflected in the economic activities that
thrive in each country. These may be more effectively captured by the Economic Complexity Index.
FIGURE 4.1:
Contribution to the variance of economic growth from the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) and from the measures of governance and institutional quality.
Rule of Law
6 Years
Regulatory Quality
Government Effectiveness
Control of Corruption
0%
5%
10%
15%
Contribution to R2
FIGURE 4.2:
FIGURE 4.3:
CAN
MOZ
MLI
YEM
KOR
RUS
HRV
HKG
PRT
ROU
JOR MYS BGR
ZAF
GRC
THA COL CHN
URY
ARG CHL
TUR
IND
LTU
SAU
LVA
VEN
TUN
KAZ
KGZ TTO
IDN
EGY
PHL
ALB
PAN
ARE
PER
PRY QAT
GAB
CRI
TJK
MAR
KWT DZA
IRN LBY ZWE
LKA
VNM
BOL
PAK
JAM
ZMB
SLV ECU
MNG
CUB
GTM BGD
LBR
KEN MUS
SYR
COG
MRT SEN
GHA
LAO
CIV
HND
TZA
PNG
SDN
NIC KHM
UGA
UKR
ISR
HUN
NOR
NZL
EST
AUS
NLD
CZE
MEX
BRA
JOR
ZAF
SAU
IDN
PHL
PER
CHL COL
ARG
TUN
MEX
BRA
USA
ALB
URY
IND
LBN TUR
EGY
GBR
SWE
CHE
FIN
FRA
IRL AUT
DNK
CZE
BEL
ITA
SVN SVK NLD
ISR ESP CAN
HUN
POL
RUS
NOR
MYS NZL
PRT
HKG
BGR
GRC
EST
THA
CHN
MDA LTU LVA
AUS
SGP
KOR
MKD
ZWE
MAR
IRN
KWT
-1
DNK
IRL
SVK
BEL
ITA
SVN
USA
FRA
ESP
POL
SGP
SWE
GBR
AUT
JPN
JPN
DEU
CHE
FIN
Relationship between Cognitive Ability and the Economic Complexity Index (ECI)
for the year 2000.
GHA
NGA
CMR
_2
MWI
10
15
Years of schooling
find that Brazil and Ghana are two countries with similar
levels of cognitive ability, but very different levels of economic complexity. Brazil is two standard deviations more
complex than Ghana. The same is true for Colombia and
Nigeria. Their measured cognitive abilities are the same, but
Colombia is nearly 1.5 standard deviations more complex
than Nigeria.
For illustration purposes, consider the case of Ghana and
Thailand. Both countries had similar levels of schooling in
1970, but Ghana expanded education more vigorously than
Thailand in the subsequent 40 years (Figure 4.4). But Ghanas
economic complexity and income stagnated as it remained
an exporter of cocoa, aluminum, fish and forest products.
By contrast, between 1970 and 1985 Thailand underwent
a massive increase in economic complexity, equivalent to
a change of one standard deviation in the Economic Complexity Index (Figure 4.5). This caused a sustained economic
boom in Thailand after 1985. As a consequence, the level of
income per capita between Ghana and Thailand has since
diverged dramatically (Figure 4.6).
Next, we measure these indicators ability to predict future economic growth, using the same technique that we
employed to compare ECI to the WGIs (see Technical Box 4.2).
We begin by looking at the relationship between education,
complexity and a countrys level of income per capita. While
data on years of schooling and school enrollment is available for several years, the data on educational quality exists
only for a cross-section of countries around the year 2000.
We use the data for this year to estimate equations where
the dependent variable is the level of income per capita
and the independent variables are the years of schooling of
3.5
4.5
5.5
Cognitive Ability
measures of competitiveness
Finally, we look at measures of competitiveness. The most
respected source of these measures is the World Economic
Forums Global Competitiveness Index (GCI). The GCI has
been published since 1979. Over the course of more than
30 years, the coverage of the GCI has been expanded and
FIGURE 4.4:
Thailand
Years of Schooling
Ghana
1960
1970
1980
Year
1990
2000
2010
FIGURE 4.5:
Thailand
-2
-4
Ghana
1960
1970
1980
Year
1990
2000
2010
FIGURE 4.6:
2500
Evolution of the GDP per capita of Thailand and Ghana as a function of time.
Thailand
500
1000
1500
2000
Ghana
improved methodologically, going through two major revisions in 2001 and 2006. By 1995, the GCR ranked less than
50 countries, but over the years this number has increased,
now reaching over 130 countries. The claim of the Global
Competitiveness Report is that the index captures the fundamental variables that drive growth over the medium term:
1960
1970
1980
Year
1990
2000
2010
FIGURE 4.7:
Contribution to the variance of income from the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) and measures of Human Capital.
5%
10%
15%
Contribution to R2
FIGURE 4.8:
Contribution to the variance of economic growth from the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) and measures of Human Capital.
5%
10%
15%
Contribution to R2
FIGURE 4.9:
Contribution to the variance of economic growth from the Economic Complexity Index (ECI) and measures of competitiveness.
0%
5%
10%
Contribution to R2
15%
TECHN I CAL B OX 4 . 1 : G o v e r n a n c e a n d C o m p l e x i t y
We compare the contribution to economic growth of the Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGIs) and economic complexity by estimating a growth regression where all of the WGIs and the Economic Complexity Index are used as
explanatory variables. As controls we include the logarithm of per capita income, the increase in natural resource exports during the period and the initial
TA B L E 4 . 1 . 1
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
-0.00253***
-0.00149***
-0.00251***
-0.00251***
-0.00257***
-0.00253***
-0.00258***
-0.00254***
-0.00210***
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
0.00420**
0.00246
0.00418**
0.00417**
0.00426**
0.00423**
0.00431**
0.00411**
0.00393**
(0.002)
(0.003)
(0.002)
(0.002)
(0.002)
(0.002)
(0.002)
(0.002)
(0.002)
0.01181***
0.00879***
0.01178***
0.01177***
0.01169***
0.01184***
0.01214***
0.01174***
0.01121***
(0.002)
(0.003)
(0.002)
(0.002)
(0.002)
(0.002)
(0.002)
(0.002)
(0.002)
0.00547***
0.00547***
0.00536***
0.00598***
0.00551***
0.00531***
0.00537***
0.00500***
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
-0.00035**
-0.00035**
-0.00034**
-0.00042**
-0.00036**
-0.00032**
-0.00034**
-0.00026*
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
-0.00006
-0.00123
0.00003
-0.00005
0.00000
-0.00006
-0.00006
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
0.00029
0.00110
-0.00006
0.00050
0.00036
0.00013
0.00025
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
0.00102**
0.00119**
0.00091**
0.00104**
0.00105**
0.00106**
0.00107**
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
0.00022
0.00105
0.00046
0.00031
0.00082
0.00003
0.00029
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
-0.00056
-0.00125
-0.00050
-0.00052
-0.00068
-0.00053
-0.00039
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
0.00032
0.00053
0.00034
0.00031
0.00050
0.00033
0.00014
(0.000)
(0.001)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
0.02428***
0.01621***
0.02412***
0.02410***
0.02452***
0.02421***
0.02453***
0.02429***
0.01868***
(0.003)
(0.003)
(0.003)
(0.003)
(0.003)
(0.003)
(0.003)
(0.003)
(0.002)
Observations
243
243
243
243
243
243
243
243
243
Adjusted R2
0.420
0.315
0.417
0.422
0.408
0.422
0.420
0.421
0.404
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
10.5%
0.3%
0.2%
1.2%
0.2%
0.0%
0.1%
1.6%
Constant
Year FE
R2 difference
Table 4.1.1 shows the results of this procedure using two consecutive six year
periods. Table 4.1.2 shows the same procedure using one twelve year period
(1996-2008). Figure 4.1 of the main text, illustrates the differences in R2 between the regression using all variables and those where individual variables
were removed.
TA B L E 4 . 1 . 2
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
-0.00202***
-0.00127***
-0.00199***
-0.00213***
-0.00203***
-0.00196***
-0.00207***
-0.00201***
-0.00202***
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
0.00228***
0.00255***
0.00226***
0.00233***
0.00228***
0.00227***
0.00233***
0.00232***
0.00235***
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
0.00361***
0.00314**
0.00357***
0.00367***
0.00342***
0.00367***
0.00383***
0.00361***
0.00369***
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
0.00380**
0.00371***
0.00436***
0.00405**
0.00415***
0.00364**
0.00392**
0.00467***
(0.002)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.002)
(0.002)
(0.001)
(0.002)
(0.001)
-0.00017
-0.00015
-0.00026
-0.00020
-0.00020
-0.00014
-0.00019
-0.00026**
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
0.00004
-0.00079
-0.00027
0.00001
0.00029
0.00005
-0.00003
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
-0.00097
-0.00040
-0.00117
-0.00080
-0.00069
-0.00107
-0.00087
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
0.00065*
0.00079*
0.00054
0.00057*
0.00078**
0.00069*
0.00059*
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
0.00103
0.00237***
0.00121*
0.00073
0.00135*
0.00087
0.00094
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
-0.00040
-0.00125*
-0.00036
-0.00051
-0.00051
-0.00024
-0.00053
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
-0.00030
-0.00014
-0.00028
-0.00019
-0.00016
-0.00021
-0.00042
(0.000)
(0.001)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
0.01960***
0.01384***
0.01936***
0.02052***
0.01963***
0.01918***
0.01993***
0.01961***
0.01954***
(0.003)
(0.003)
(0.003)
(0.002)
(0.003)
(0.003)
(0.003)
(0.003)
(0.002)
Observations
118
118
118
118
118
118
118
118
118
Adjusted R2
0.516
0.365
0.516
0.514
0.510
0.513
0.518
0.519
0.506
15.1%
0.0%
0.2%
0.6%
0.3%
0.2%
0.3%
1.0%
Constant
Difference in R2
ity by regressing growth against years of schooling secondary school enrollment, tertiary school enrollment, and the Economic Complexity Index. As additional controls we include the change in natural resource exports during the
period, the logarithm of per capita income and year fixed effects. The contribution of each variable to growth is estimated by taking the difference between the
R2 obtained for a regression using all variables and one obtained for a regression where the variable in question was removed.
Table 4.2.2 shows the results of this procedure for ten year panels starting in
1978, 1988 and 1998. Figure 4.8 in the main text summarize the results.
TA B L E 4 . 2 . 1
Years of schooling
Cognitive ability
Constant
Observations
R
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
0.998***
1.079***
1.042***
1.264***
(0.204)
(0.214)
(0.160)
(0.138)
0.134*
0.213**
0.14750**
(0.077)
(0.085)
(0.068)
0.118
0.875***
0.344
(0.263)
(0.290)
(0.249)
6.294***
2.861***
6.38972***
6.688***
7.826***
(0.917)
(0.995)
(0.977)
(0.562)
(0.183)
59
59
59
59
59
0.620
0.448
0.596
0.619
0.584
TA B L E 4 . 2 . 2
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
-0.009***
-0.006***
-0.008***
-0.009***
-0.009***
-0.007***
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
0.055***
0.049**
0.055***
0.055***
0.055***
0.061***
(0.018)
(0.021)
(0.018)
(0.018)
(0.018)
(0.017)
0.044***
0.046***
0.044***
0.045***
0.052***
(0.011)
(0.011)
(0.011)
(0.011)
(0.011)
-0.004***
-0.004***
-0.004***
-0.004***
-0.004***
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
(0.001)
Constant
Observations
R2
Year FE
Robust standard errors in parentheses *** p<0.01, ** p<0.05, * p<0.1
0.008*
0.013***
0.008***
0.005
(0.004)
(0.004)
(0.003)
(0.003)
0.000
0.001
0.005**
0.002
(0.003)
(0.003)
(0.002)
(0.003)
-0.003
-0.003
-0.000
-0.003
(0.002)
(0.002)
(0.001)
(0.002)
0.097***
0.071***
0.091***
0.097***
0.099***
0.083***
(0.012)
(0.012)
(0.011)
(0.012)
(0.012)
(0.010)
263
263
263
263
263
263
0.409
0.288
0.401
0.409
0.406
0.383
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
TECHN I CAL B OX 4 . 3 : G l o b a l C o m p e t i t i v e n e s s I n d e x a n d G r o w t h
between the R2 obtained for the equation in which they were both included and
that in which one or the other is missing.
Table 4.3.1 shows that eliminating the rank of the ECI from the regression results in a much larger loss of explanatory power than removing the rank of GCI.
This is true for both 5 and 10 year panels. Figure 4.9 on the main text illustrates
these results.
T able 4 . 3 . 1
VARIABLES
(1)
(2)
Ranking of GCI
-0.00007*
(0.000)
Ranking of ECI
10 year panels
(3)
(4)
(5)
-0.00004
-0.00023
-0.00005
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(6)
-0.00009***
-0.00007***
-0.00064***
-0.00060***
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.000)
-0.00231***
-0.00092***
-0.00180***
-0.01384***
-0.00439*
-0.01200***
(0.001)
(0.000)
(0.000)
(0.004)
(0.002)
(0.003)
0.00709
0.00077
0.00578
0.09135*
0.04545
0.08814*
(0.008)
(0.009)
(0.008)
(0.048)
(0.049)
(0.045)
Constant
0.02744***
0.01181***
0.02059***
0.17473***
0.06694***
0.15084***
(0.006)
(0.003)
(0.004)
(0.044)
(0.025)
(0.030)
Observations
104
104
104
83
83
83
Adjusted R2
0.255
0.123
0.204
0.233
0.074
0.228
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Year FE
Robust standard errors in parentheses *** p<0.01, ** p<0.05, * p<0.1
SECTION 5
How Does Economic Complexity Evolve?
F igure 5 . 1 :
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
uisite capabilities. If this is the case, then countries that already have what it takes to make one product will find it
relatively easy to move to the next ones. A highly connected
product space, therefore, makes the problem of growing the
complexity of an economy easier. Conversely, a sparsely
connected product space makes it harder.
Once again, a metaphor may help to clarify these ideas.
Imagine that the product space is a forest, where every product is a tree. Trees that require similar capabilities are near
each other in the forest. Distant trees require very different
capabilities. If countries are a collection of firms that make
different products, we can think of firms as monkeys that live
F igure 5 . 2 :
The product space revisited. The same as Figure 5.1 but with node sizes proportional to the Product Complexity Index (PCI).
on trees, meaning that they exploit certain products. Countries differ in the number and location of their monkeys in
this common forest. The development process, which implies
increasing product diversity and complexity, is akin to monkeys colonizing the forest, occupying more trees, and moving
especially into the more complex or fruitier ones.
When monkeys jump to nearby trees it minimizes the
chicken and egg problem of having to accumulate several
missing capabilities at once. Furthermore, if trees are densely packed together it will be relatively easy for monkeys to
move from tree to tree and populate the forest. But if trees
are far apart, monkeys may be stuck in their current activities. If the product space is heterogeneous, there may be
some patches of highly related products, where adding capabilities and expanding into new products would be easier,
and other patches of more loosely connected products that
make the process of capability accumulation and diversification harder.
What is the shape of the product space we live in? Is it
a world in which the forest is dense or sparse? Figure 5.1
shows a visualization of the product space constructed using international trade data for the years 2006-2008. Here,
nodes represent products and their size is proportional to
total world trade in that good. Links connect products with
a high probability of being co-exported (see Technical Box 5.2).
F igure 5 . 3 :
Community characteristics. Average complexity of the products in each community as a function of its connectedness. Bubble size is proportional
to the communitys participation in world trade.
Average Complexity
22% of WT
-1
6% of WT
2% of WT
-2
0.8% of WT
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.06% of WT
0.25
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
Average Connectedness
how close that product is to other products the country already makes. So the location of a country in the product
space captures information regarding both the productive
knowledge that it possesses and the capacity to expand that
knowledge by moving into other nearby products. The ability of countries to diversify and to move into more complex
products is crucially dependent on their initial location in
the product space.
The product space gives us a glimpse of the embedded
knowledge of countries by highlighting the productive capabilities they posses and the opportunities these imply.We can
evaluate a countrys overall position in the product space by
calculating how far it is to alternative products and how complex these products are. We call this measure opportunity value
and it can be thought of as the value of the option to move into
more and more complex products (see Technical Box 5.4).
Figure 5.4 compares opportunity value with the Economic
Complexity Index and income. It shows that countries with
low levels of complexity tend to have few opportunities available. This is because the products they do create tend to be
peripheral in the product space. Complex economies tend to
have few remaining opportunities because they already occupy a large fraction of the better part of the product space.
Countries with an intermediate level of complexity, on the
other hand, differ largely in their opportunity value. Some
F igure 5 . 4 :
Opportunity Value as a function of the Economic Complexity Index and GDP per capita.
IND
5
GRC
BGR
TUR
LTU
SRB
EGY
BRA LBN PRT EST
LVA UKR CHN
ESP
VNM
NLD
ARG
CAN
BEL
THA ROU
HRV
ZAF
BIH
BLR HUN GBR FIN
TUN
COL
TZA
POL
MEX
GTM
KOR SGP
PAN ISR
NZL
SVK
KEN ALB
JOR
DNK
HKG
CHE
MYS
UGA SEN
CRI
URY
SYR
MDA
PAK
SVN
KGZ SLV
IRL
RUS
AUS
LKA
HND MAR
DOM MKD
NOR
PER
SWE
MDG MUS
NAM
KAZ
GEO
NIC
CHL PHL
USA
PRY
ARE
CIV
GHA ETHUZB ZWE TTOJAM
ITA
DZA LBR LAO ECU
SAU
CZE
BOL
QAT
NGA LBY MLI MOZ BGD
AG0
MWI
OMN CUB
FRA
ZMB
GIN
YEM
GAB
COG
BWA
TJK
CMR TKM VEN KHM
MRT
SDN PNG AZEMNGIRN KWT
AUT
Opportunity Value
Opportunity Value
IDN
-3
-2
-1
IND
GRC
BGR
4
IDN
SRB
UKR
CHN
BRA
LBN
LTU
EST
PRT
LVA
VNM
JPN
EGY
CAN
ESP
NLD
BEL
THA ZAF
ARG ROU
BIH BLR
HR
FIN
GBR
POL MEX
COL
TZA
KOR ISR SGP
TUN
ALB
HUN
KEN
SVK
DNK
GTM JOR
NZL
PAN
MYS
CHE
HKG
CRI
URY
UGA SEN PAK
SLV
IRL
SVN
KGZ MDA
SYR
AUS
RUS
LKA MAR
DOM
MKD
HND
NOR
PER
JPN
SWE
MDG
MUS
NAM
PHL
KAZ
NIC GEO
CHL
PRY
ITA ARE USA
ZWE
CIV
TTO
GHA LAO
UZB
ETH
JAM
SAU
QAT
LBR
ECU IRN
CZE
BOL
MOZ BGD
CUB
OMN
FRA
MLI
NGA
AGO
DZA GAB BWA VEN LBY
TCD
YEM MNG
KWT
MWI
COG TKM
ZMB GIN KHM
CMR
TJK
AZE
MRT SDN PNG
AUT
TUR
102
103
104
105
T able 5 . 1 :
C h aracteristics o f P roduct C ommu n ities
Average PCI
Number of
Products
World Trade
World Share
Machinery
2.54
125
4.4T
20.29%
Electronics
2.25
52
3.6T
16.71%
Oil
-2.08
2.3T
10.49%
2.52
64
1.6T
7.47%
Other Chemicals
1.67
24
1.2T
5.49%
0.77
44
1.1T
5.23%
Mining
-0.59
48
1.1T
5.01%
Garments
-0.43
42
1.1T
4.63%
Food Processing
-0.07
26
603B
2.74%
Metal Products
0.76
17
496B
2.26%
Aircraft
1.48
10
440B
2.00%
Not Classified
0.93
36
426B
1.94%
-0.34
21
295B
1.34%
1.16
23
250B
1.14%
0.64
23
242B
1.10%
Ships
0.83
232B
1.05%
Petrochemicals
1.22
220B
1.00%
Boilers
1.56
14
193B
0.88%
-1.23
11
191B
0.87%
0.18
32
189B
0.86%
Tropical Agriculture
-1.95
16
190B
0.86%
Coal
0.21
183B
0.83%
Misc Agriculture
-0.79
22
170B
0.78%
Precious Stones
0.02
170B
0.77%
1.77
11
148B
0.67%
Agrochemicals
0.40
13
141B
0.64%
1.14
134B
0.61%
0.07
124B
0.57%
-0.22
10
117B
0.53%
-2.25
18
96B
0.44%
Tobacco
-1.46
64B
0.29%
Leather
-0.85
14
53B
0.24%
Fruit
-0.58
45B
0.21%
Animal Fibers
-0.85
12B
0.06%
Community Name
F igure 5 . 5 :
The evolution of Ghana, Poland, Thailand and Turkey in the product space: 1975, 1990 and 2009. Black boxes indicate the products in which these countries had RCA>1.
1975
ELECTRONICS
MACHINERY
GHANA
AIRCRAFT
BOILERS
SHIPS
METAL PRODUCTS
CONSTR. MATL. & EQPT.
HOME & OFFICE
PULP & PAPER
CHEMICALS & HEALTH
AGROCHEMICALS
POLAND
OTHER CHEMICALS
INOR. SALTS & ACIDS
PETROCHEMICALS
LEATHER
MILK & CHEESE
ANIMAL FIBERS
MEAT & EGGS
FISH & SEAFOOD
TROPICAL AGRIC.
CEREALS & VEG. OILS
THAILAND
TURKEY
1990
2009
TECHN I CAL B OX 5 . 1 : M e a s u r i n g P r o x i m i t y
To make products you need chunks of embedded knowledge which we call
capabilities. The capabilities needed to produce one good may or may not be
useful in the production of other goods. Since we do not observe capabilities
directly, we create a measure that infers the similarity between the capabilities required by a pair of goods by looking at the probability that they are coexported. To quantify this similarity we assume that if two goods share most
of the requisite capabilities, the countries that export one will also export the
other. By the same token, goods that do not share many capabilities are less
likely to be co-exported.
Our measure is based on the conditional probability that a country that exports product will also export product (Figure 5.1.1). Since conditional probabilities are not symmetric we take the minimum of the probability of exporting
product , given and the reverse, to make the measure symmetric and more
stringent. For instance, in the year 2008, 17 countries exported wine, 24 exported grapes and 11 exported both, all with RCA>1. Then, the proximity between
wines and grapes is 11/24=0.46. Note that we divide by 24 instead of 17 to minimize false positives. Formally, for a pair of goods and we define proximity as:
Where
=1 if country exports product with RCA>1 and 0 otherwise.
the ubiquity of product .
is
F igure 5 . 1 . 1 :
An illustrative example for the proximity measure.
X-RAY MACHINES
X-RAY MACHINES
MEDICAMENTS
P=1
MEDICAMENTS
NETHERLANDS (NLD)
CHEESE
FROZEN FISH
P = 1/2
P = 1/3
CHEESE
FROZEN FISH
CREAMS AND POLISHES
ARGENTINA (ARG)
GHANA (GHA)
T e c h n i c a l B o x 5 . 2 : Vi s u a l i z i n g t h e P r o d u c t S p a c e
To visualize the product space we use some simple design criteria. First, we
want the visualization of the product space to be a connected network. By this,
we mean avoiding islands of isolated products. The second criteria is that we
want the network visualization to be relatively sparse. Trying to visualize too
many links can create unnecessary visual complexity where the most relevant
connections will be occluded. This criteria is achieved by creating a visualization in which the average number of links per node is not larger than 5 and results in a representation that can summarize the structure of the product space
using the strongest 1% of the links.
To make sure the visualization of the product space is connected, we calculate the maximum spanning tree (MST) of the proximity matrix. MST is the set
of links that connects all the nodes in the network using a minimum number
of connections and the maximum possible sum of proximities. We calculated
the MST using Kruskals algorithm. Basically the algorithm sorts the values of
the proximity matrix in descending order and then includes links in the MST if
and only if they connect an isolated product. By definition, the MST includes all
products, but the number of links is the minimum possible.
The second step is to add the strongest connections that were not selected
for the MST. In this visualization we included the first 1,006 connections satisfying our criterion. By definition a spanning tree for 774 nodes contains 773
edges. With the additional 1,006 connections we end up with 1,779 edges and
an average degree of nearly 4.6.
After selecting the links using the above mentioned criteria we build a visualization using a Force-Directed layout algorithm. In this algorithm nodes repel
each other, just like electric charges, while edges act as spring trying to bring
connected nodes together. This helps to create a visualization in which densely
connected sets of nodes are put together while nodes that are not connected
are pushed apart.
Finally, we manually clean up the layout to minimize edge crossings and provide the most clearly representation possible.
T e c h n i c a l B OX 5 . 3 : I d e n t i f y i n g P r o d u c t C o m m u n i t i e s
F igure 5 . 3 . 1 :
Community quality for five different ways of grouping products.
2.0
1.0
1.36
1.39
Leamer
1.34
Lall
1.94
1.5
1.0+0.005
Communities
0.0
SITC-1
0.5
Random
Community Quality
TECHN I CAL B OX 5 . 4 : U n d e r s t a n d i n g t h e P o s i t i o n o f C o u n t r i e s i n t h e
P r o d u c t S p a c e : Di s t a n c e , O p p o r t u n i t y V a l u e a n d O p p o r t u n i t y G a i n
Empirically, we find that countries move through the product space by developing goods close to those they currently produce. But countries do not make
just one product; they make a certain number. Proximity measures the similarity between a pair of products, so we need another measure to quantify the
distance between the products that a country makes and each of the products
that it does not. We call this measure distance and define it as the sum of the
proximities connecting a new good p to all the products that country is not currently exporting. We normalize distance by dividing it by the sum of proximities
between all products and product . In other words, distance is the weighted
proportion of products connected to good p that country c is not exporting. The
weights are given by proximities. If country exports most of the goods connected to product , then the distance will be short, close to 0. But, if country only
exports a small proportion of the products that are related to product , then the
distance will be large (close to 1). Formally,
Distance gives us an idea of how far each product is given a countrys current mix of exports. Yet, it would be useful to have a holistic measure of the
opportunities implied by a countrys position in the product space. Countries
that make products that are relatively complex, given their current level of income, tend to grow faster. Hence, it makes sense to include not only the distance
to products, but also their complexity. Some countries may be located near few,
poorly connected and relatively simple products, while others may have a rich
unexploited neighborhood of highly connected or complex products. This means
that countries differ not just in what they make but in what their opportunities
are. We can think of this as the value of the option to move into other products.
Hence, to quantify the opportunity value of a countrys unexploited prospects we can add the level of complexity of the products that it is not currently
weighted by how close these products are to the countrys current export suite.
We can write this mathematically as:
SECTION 6
countries that do well in this index, given their income level, tend to achieve higher levels of economic growth. The
ability to successfully export new products is a reflection
of the fact that the country has acquired new productive
knowledge that will then open up further opportunities for
progress. What a country needs to do to achieve this will be
highly specific to the context of the country and the product. Better seeds could cause an agricultural revolution; improved infrastructure could open up new possibilities for
light manufactures; clarifying property rights and human
subject regulations may allow for participation in pharmaceutical research; changing the responsiveness of training
institutions to the needs of new sectors may unleash their
growth; etc.
The Economic Complexity Index is not easy to manipulate through a narrow set of decisions. Ultimately, countries
improve on the index by being able to increase the number
of different activities they can successfully engage in and by
moving towards activities that are more complex. The policy
message for most countries is clear: create an environment
where a greater diversity of productive activities can thrive
and, in particular, activities that are relatively more complex. Countries are more likely to succeed in this agenda if
they focus on products that are close to their current set of
productive capabilities, as this would facilitate the identification and provision of the missing capabilities. The ECI
therefore, is accompanied by maps that help chart the opportunities and rewards available for each country. These
are maps that are specific to each country and do not represent one-size-fits-all development advice.
These maps, however, could also be used by firms search-
SEC T I O N 7
F igure 7. 1 :
Schematic of the procedure used to determine the countries that were included
in the Atlas.
All countries
with GDP and Export information
185 countries
Population above 1,200,000
147 countries
Trade above $1 Billion
131 countries
Reliable Data (excluding
Iraq, Chad and Macau)
128 countries
PA R T 2
COMPLEXITY RANKINGS
In this part we present five different rankings. These rankings sort countries according to:
Ranking 1: Economic
Complexity Index (ECI).
Ranking 2: Expected
Growth in Per Capita GDP
to 2020.
Ranking 4: Change in
Economic Complexity (19642008).
Ranking 5: Expected
Contribution to World GDP
Growth to 2020.
Each of these five rankings captures a different aspect of the world economy. This is well illustrated by the five countries that make it to the top of each ranking.
According to the aforementioned ranking order, these are: Japan, China, Uganda, Mauritius and The United States. The heterogeneity of this group shows the wide
range of dimensions that are captured by these five different rankings (Table 1). Next, we comment each one of them briefly, and invite readers to explore them by
themselves.
TABLE 1
Correlations between the five different rankings. The low correlations between the rankings indicate that these tend to capture
different dimensions of the world economy.
0.45
-0.22
0.17
0.58
0.54
0.57
0.09
0.54
-0.13
-0.09
RANKING 1:
by region:
countries are sorted based on the amount of productive knowledge that is implied in their export structures (see Part 1, Section
2: How do we measure economic complexity?). The countries in
the top ten of this ranking are Japan, Germany, Switzerland,
Sweden, Austria, Finland, Singapore, Czech Republic, the UK
and Slovenia. Immediately after the top 10 we have France,
Korea and the US. Of the top 20 countries, half are in Western
Europe, 3 are in East Asia, and surprisingly 4 are in Eastern
Europe. Israel and Mexico close the list of the top 20. These are
countries with productive structures that are able to hold vast
amounts of productive knowledge, and that manufacture and
export a large number of sophisticated goods. At the bottom of
the economic complexity ranking we have Papua New Guinea,
The Republic of Congo, Sudan, Angola and Mauritania. Figure 1
illustrates the relative levels of economic complexity of countries in Ranking 1 by plotting ECI as a function of a countrys
current level of GDP per capita. In Map 1, countries are color
coded according to their position in ranking 1.
Interestingly the least complex countries in Western Europe are Portugal (35) and Greece (53), two countries whose
high income cannot be explained by either their complexity
or their natural resource wealth. We do not think that this is
unrelated to their present difficulties: their current income
has been propped up by massive capital inflows and, as these
decline to more sustainable levels, the internal weaknesses
come to the fore. The ECI, however, illustrates clearly how
these mismatches can be identified from the data.
REGIONAL
ECI
RANKING
COUNTRY NAME
ISO CODE
ECI 2008
RANK INCOME
2009 [USD]
INCOME 2009
[USD]
REGION
1/16
JAPAN
JPN
2.316
17
39,738
1/16
GERMANY
DEU
1.985
16
40,670
WESTERN EUROPE
2/16
SWITZERLAND
CHE
1.935
63,629
WESTERN EUROPE
3/16
SWEDEN
SWE
1.859
13
43,654
WESTERN EUROPE
4/16
AUSTRIA
AUT
1.807
10
45,562
WESTERN EUROPE
5/16
FINLAND
FIN
1.715
11
44,581
WESTERN EUROPE
2/16
SINGAPORE
SGP
1.639
19
36,537
1/27
CZECH REPUBLIC
CZE
1.628
29
18,139
6/16
UNITED KINGDOM
GBR
1.558
20
35,165
WESTERN EUROPE
10
2/27
SLOVENIA
SVN
1.523
27
23,726
11
7/16
FRANCE
FRA
1.473
15
41,051
WESTERN EUROPE
12
3/16
KOREA, REP.
KOR
1.469
30
17,078
13
1/2
UNITED STATES
USA
1.447
45,989
NORTH AMERICA
14
3/27
HUNGARY
HUN
1.430
37
12,868
15
4/27
SLOVAK REPUBLIC
SVK
1.379
32
16,176
16
8/16
ITALY
ITA
1.308
21
35,084
WESTERN EUROPE
17
9/16
DENMARK
DNK
1.267
55,992
WESTERN EUROPE
18
10/16
IRELAND
IRL
1.231
51,049
WESTERN EUROPE
19
1/16
ISRAEL
ISR
1.164
26
26,256
20
1/21
MEXICO
MEX
1.145
49
8,143
21
5/27
BELARUS
BLR
1.116
64
5,075
22
11/16
BELGIUM
BEL
1.085
12
43,671
WESTERN EUROPE
23
12/16
NETHERLANDS
NLD
1.044
47,917
WESTERN EUROPE
24
4/16
HKG
1.023
23
30,065
25
6/27
POLAND
POL
1.020
40
11,273
26
7/27
CROATIA
HRV
0.989
36
14,222
27
8/27
ROMANIA
ROU
0.936
52
7,500
28
13/16
SPAIN
ESP
0.933
22
31,774
WESTERN EUROPE
29
5/16
CHINA
CHN
0.894
81
3,744
30
2/21
PANAMA
PAN
0.831
54
7,155
31
6/16
THAILAND
THA
0.814
78
3,893
32
9/27
ESTONIA
EST
0.791
35
14,238
33
14/16
NORWAY
NOR
0.777
79,089
WESTERN EUROPE
34
7/16
MALAYSIA
MYS
0.759
55
7,030
35
15/16
PORTUGAL
PRT
0.696
28
21,903
WESTERN EUROPE
36
10/27
LITHUANIA
LTU
0.683
41
11,141
37
11/27
SERBIA
SRB
0.644
60
5,872
38
12/27
BIH
0.597
68
4,525
39
13/27
LATVIA
LVA
0.594
38
11,616
40
14/27
BULGARIA
BGR
0.587
57
6,423
41
2/2
CANADA
CAN
0.571
18
39,599
NORTH AMERICA
42
15/27
UKRAINE
UKR
0.559
87
2,468
43
16/27
TURKEY
TUR
0.444
47
8,215
REGIONAL
ECI
RANKING
COUNTRY NAME
ISO CODE
ECI 2008
RANK INCOME
2009 [USD]
INCOME 2009
[USD]
REGION
44
2/16
LEBANON
LBN
0.403
48
8,175
45
3/16
JORDAN
JOR
0.325
73
4,216
46
17/27
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
RUS
0.324
45
8,684
47
4/16
TUNISIA
TUN
0.294
80
3,792
48
8/16
NEW ZEALAND
NZL
0.287
24
29,352
49
3/21
COSTA RICA
CRI
0.278
58
6,386
50
18/27
MOLDOVA
MDA
0.266
97
1,516
51
1/4
INDIA
IND
0.247
99
1,192
SOUTH ASIA
52
4/21
BRAZIL
BRA
0.244
46
8,230
53
16/16
GREECE
GRC
0.214
25
29,240
WESTERN EUROPE
54
5/21
COLOMBIA
COL
0.200
63
5,126
55
1/26
SOUTH AFRICA
ZAF
0.131
61
5,786
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
56
6/21
URUGUAY
URY
0.109
44
9,420
57
7/21
ARGENTINA
ARG
0.106
50
7,626
58
19/27
ALBANIA
ALB
0.087
79
3,808
59
9/16
PHILIPPINES
PHL
0.032
95
1,752
60
8/21
EL SALVADOR
SLV
0.026
82
3,424
61
10/16
INDONESIA
IDN
-0.007
89
2,349
62
20/27
MACEDONIA, FYR
MKD
-0.018
69
4,515
63
5/16
EGY
-0.021
90
2,270
64
9/21
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
DOM
-0.064
66
4,637
65
10/21
GUATEMALA
GTM
-0.099
84
2,661
66
6/16
ARE
-0.106
50,070
67
11/16
VIETNAM
VNM
-0.181
105
1,113
68
7/16
SAUDI ARABIA
SAU
-0.201
34
14,799
69
21/27
KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
KGZ
-0.240
114
860
70
22/27
GEORGIA
GEO
-0.263
88
2,449
71
2/4
SRI LANKA
LKA
-0.265
92
2,068
SOUTH ASIA
72
2/26
NAMIBIA
NAM
-0.271
72
4,267
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
73
3/26
KENYA
KEN
-0.276
115
738
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
74
4/26
SENEGAL
SEN
-0.287
109
1,023
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
75
8/16
SYR
-0.290
86
2,474
76
11/21
TTO
-0.306
33
15,841
77
5/26
MAURITIUS
MUS
-0.307
56
6,735
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
78
12/21
CHILE
CHL
-0.312
43
9,644
79
12/16
AUSTRALIA
AUS
-0.321
14
42,279
80
6/26
ZIMBABWE
ZWE
-0.327
122
449
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
81
13/21
JAMAICA
JAM
-0.343
70
4,471
82
3/4
PAKISTAN
PAK
-0.398
111
955
SOUTH ASIA
83
9/16
MOROCCO
MAR
-0.400
83
2,811
84
14/21
CUBA
CUB
-0.426
62
5,596
85
10/16
QATAR
QAT
-0.438
69,754
86
15/21
PARAGUAY
PRY
-0.474
91
2,242
REGIONAL
ECI
RANKING
COUNTRY NAME
ISO CODE
ECI 2008
RANK INCOME
2009 [USD]
INCOME 2009
[USD]
REGION
87
7/26
UGANDA
UGA
-0.488
121
490
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
88
16/21
HONDURAS
HND
-0.518
93
1,918
89
17/21
PERU
PER
-0.576
71
4,469
90
8/26
MADAGASCAR
MDG
-0.594
123
438
91
11/16
OMAN
OMN
-0.604
31
16,207
92
23/27
KAZAKHSTAN
KAZ
-0.608
53
7,257
93
18/21
ECUADOR
ECU
-0.619
74
4,202
94
9/26
BOTSWANA
BWA
-0.620
59
6,064
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
95
10/26
TANZANIA
TZA
-0.637
120
503
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
96
24/27
UZBEKISTAN
UZB
-0.658
101
1,156
97
19/21
NICARAGUA
NIC
-0.661
108
1,069
98
13/16
CAMBODIA
KHM
-0.702
117
706
99
11/26
CTE D'IVOIRE
CIV
-0.868
106
1,106
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
100
12/26
GHANA
GHA
-0.868
107
1,098
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
101
20/21
BOLIVIA
BOL
-0.879
94
1,758
102
14/16
LAO PDR
LAO
-0.880
112
940
103
4/4
BANGLADESH
BGD
-0.887
119
551
SOUTH ASIA
104
13/26
ETHIOPIA
ETH
-0.892
126
344
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
105
14/26
ZAMBIA
ZMB
-0.933
110
990
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
106
15/26
MALAWI
MWI
-1.024
127
310
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
107
12/16
YEMEN, REP.
YEM
-1.042
104
1,118
108
25/27
TAJIKISTAN
TJK
-1.054
116
716
109
16/26
MOZAMBIQUE
MOZ
-1.077
124
428
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
110
17/26
MALI
MLI
-1.103
118
691
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
111
21/21
VENEZUELA, RB
VEN
-1.109
39
11,490
112
18/26
LIBERIA
LBR
-1.128
128
222
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
113
15/16
MONGOLIA
MNG
-1.166
96
1,573
114
13/16
ALGERIA
DZA
-1.213
76
4,029
115
26/27
TURKMENISTAN
TKM
-1.217
77
3,904
116
14/16
KUWAIT
KWT
-1.219
54,260
117
27/27
AZERBAIJAN
AZE
-1.223
65
4,899
118
15/16
IRN
-1.229
67
4,540
119
16/16
LIBYA
LBY
-1.304
42
9,714
120
19/26
GABON
GAB
-1.364
51
7,502
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
121
20/26
CAMEROON
CMR
-1.403
102
1,136
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
122
21/26
NIGERIA
NGA
-1.418
103
1,118
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
123
22/26
GUINEA
GIN
-1.444
125
407
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
124
16/16
PNG
-1.577
100
1,172
125
23/26
CONGO, REP.
COG
-1.707
85
2,601
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
126
24/26
SUDAN
SDN
-1.768
98
1,294
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
127
25/26
ANGOLA
AGO
-1.793
75
4,081
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
128
26/26
MAURITANIA
MRT
-1.907
113
919
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
map 1 :
Countries are color coded according to their position in Ranking 1.
Rank
1
128
figure 1 :
Illustrates the relative levels of economic complexity of countries in Ranking 1 by plotting ECI as a function of a countrys current level of GDP per capita.
2.5
JPN
2
CZE
1.5
HUN KOR
SVK
1
UKR
0
-0.5
-1
LBR
-1.5
10
POL HRV
ROU
PAN
MYS
CHN
THA
0.5
-2
MEX
BLR
BIH
LTU
LVA
SRB
BGR
EST
TUR
LBN
JOR
RUS
CRI
MDA
TUN
BRA
IND
COL
ZAF ARG URY
ALB
PHL IDN
SLV MKD
EGY
DOM
GTM
VNM
SAU
KGZ SEN
GEO
LKA
NAM
KEN
TTO
MUS
CHL
SYR
ZWE
JAM
PAK
MAR
CUB
PRY
UGA
HND
MDG
PER
KAZ
OMN
UZB
ECU
BWA
TZA
KHM
NIC
GHA
BOL
LAO CIV
BGD
ETH
ZMB
MWI
YEM
TJK
MOZ
VEN
MLI
DZA
MNG
TKM
AZE
IRN
LBY
GAB
CMR
GIN
NGA
PNG
COG
SDN
AGO
MRT
10
10
GDP per capita in USD [2009]
DEU
CHE
SWE
AUT
FIN
SGP
GBR
SVN
FRA
USA
ITA
DNK
IRL
ISR
BEL
HKG
NLD
ESP
NOR
PRT
CAN
NZL
GRC
ARE
AUS
QAT
KWT
10
RANKING 2:
ranking 2 sorts countries according to their expected annual per capita growth. Here countries are sorted according to their per capita growth potential, which is estimated
from the mismatch between a countrys current level of aggregate output (GDP per capita) and their level of economic
complexity (see Part 1, Section 3: Why is complexity important?).
China, India and Thailand are at the top of this ranking,
since they are countries with economies that are remarkably complex, given their current level of income, and are
expected to catch up faster than other developing nations.
Next come Belarus, Moldova, Zimbabwe, Ukraine and Bosnia-Herzegovina, five countries where the current level of
income is dramatically lower than what one would expect
given their productive capabilities. This ranking shows that
the two regions of the world where the potential of per capita growth is higher are East Asia and Eastern Europe (Map
2). At the bottom of this ranking we have Sudan, Angola and
Mauritania. These are developing countries where the complexity of their economies does not provide a basis for future economic growth, and, where changes in income are
dominated by fluctuations in the price and volume of natural resource activities. Per capita growth potential as a function of GDP per capita is illustrated in Figure 2.
The projection presented here is driven mainly by the gap
between the initial level of complexity of an economy and its
level of income. Countries whose income level is low relative
to their complexity will grow faster. The opposite occurs for
countries whose initial income is high, relative to their initial
complexity. The projection requires an assumption about the
evolution of natural resource exports. We assume that they
will remain constant in real terms at the high level achieved
in 2008. We believe this hypothesis is reasonable on average,
as commodity prices were unusually high in 2008. To the extent that prices deviate from this assumption, so will growth.
We do not include information regarding the changes in the
extraction volumes of natural resource in the different countries, so we will tend to underestimate growth in countries
where natural resource production is expanding faster than
population and overestimating it where it is falling.
by region:
By region, the top performers in East Asia and the Pacific
are China (1), Thailand (3), Philippines (11), Vietnam (12) and
Malaysia (20), while the worst performance is expected in
New Zealand (93), Mongolia (107), Australia (114), and Papua
New Guinea (123). In South Asia, India is the regional leader
(2), while Bangladesh is the laggard (65).
In the Middle East and North Africa, the expected leaders
in GDP per capita growth are Jordan (14), Egypt (18) and Tunisia (19), while the laggards are Libya (120), Qatar (122) and
Kuwait (124), three oil exporters that are dragged down by
their low complexity and by our assumption that oil exports
per real terms will remain at 2008 levels.
In Eastern Europe and Central Asia, the leaders in GDP
per capita growth are expected to be Belarus (4), Moldova
(5), Ukraine (7) and Bosnia (8). The laggards would be Kazakhstan (98), Turkmenistan (109) and Azerbaijan (112), three
low-complexity oil exporters. To the extent that they will
carry out their planned expansion in their oil exports, their
growth performance will be better than we project.
In Latin America the leaders are Panama (9), Mexico (10),
El Salvador (31), Guatemala (35) and Colombia (36), while the
laggards are expected to be Chile (86), Bolivia (89), Trinidad
and Tobago (103) and Venezuela (115), four exporters of natural resources. Brazil ranks 8th in the region and 48th in the
world in expected GDP per capita growth.
In Sub-Saharan Africa, the growth leaders are expected to
be Zimbabwe (6), Kenya (13), Uganda (24) and Senegal (25),
while the laggards are expected to be Sudan (126), Angola
(127) and Mauritania (128).
Regional
Ranking EXP.
Growth in
GDP P/C
COUNTRY NAME
ISO
CODE
EXPECTED
GROWTH
IN GDP P/C
2009-2020
GROWTH
IN GDP P/C
1999-2009
RANK
INCOME
2009
[USD]
1/16
CHINA
CHN
4.32%
9.6%
81
3,744
70
5,962
1/4
INDIA
IND
4.26%
5.6%
99
1,192
97
1,886
SOUTH ASIA
2/16
THAILAND
THA
4.05%
3.1%
78
3,893
69
6,023
1/27
BELARUS
BLR
3.99%
7.9%
64
5,075
61
7,806
2/27
MOLDOVA
MDA
3.95%
4.8%
97
1,516
95
2,321
1/26
ZIMBABWE
ZWE
3.79%
-6.2%
123
449
122
676
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
3/27
UKRAINE
UKR
3.73%
5.2%
87
2,468
84
3,694
4/27
BIH
3.59%
4.1%
68
4,525
65
6,669
1/21
PANAMA
PAN
3.58%
3.9%
54
7,155
51
10,529
10
2/21
MEXICO
MEX
3.50%
0.8%
49
8,143
44
11,894
11
3/16
PHILIPPINES
PHL
3.50%
2.6%
95
1,752
93
2,560
12
4/16
VIETNAM
VNM
3.48%
6.0%
105
1,113
99
1,622
13
2/26
KENYA
KEN
3.46%
0.9%
115
738
114
1,073
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
14
1/16
JORDAN
JOR
3.42%
3.7%
73
4,216
68
6,101
15
5/27
KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
KGZ
3.41%
3.7%
114
860
111
1,244
16
6/27
ROMANIA
ROU
3.39%
4.9%
52
7,500
50
10,823
17
7/27
SERBIA
SRB
3.38%
3.9%
60
5,872
58
8,467
18
2/16
EGY
3.37%
2.9%
90
2,270
89
3,268
INCOME 2009
RANK
[USD]
INCOME 2020
EXPECTED
INCOME REGION
2020 [USD]
19
3/16
TUNISIA
TUN
3.36%
3.6%
80
3,792
75
5,456
20
5/16
MALAYSIA
MYS
3.32%
2.8%
55
7,030
53
10,071
21
6/16
INDONESIA
IDN
3.32%
3.8%
89
2,349
86
3,363
22
8/27
HUNGARY
HUN
3.31%
2.9%
37
12,868
36
18,420
23
9/27
BULGARIA
BGR
3.30%
5.5%
57
6,423
54
9,178
24
3/26
UGANDA
UGA
3.29%
3.7%
122
490
120
700
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
25
4/26
SENEGAL
SEN
3.27%
1.3%
109
1,023
101
1,457
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
26
10/27
CZECH REPUBLIC
CZE
3.11%
3.1%
29
18,139
29
25,415
27
2/4
PAKISTAN
PAK
3.11%
2.2%
111
955
107
1,336
SOUTH ASIA
28
7/16
KOREA, REP.
KOR
3.09%
3.9%
30
17,078
30
23.866
29
11/27
SLOVAK REPUBLIC
SVK
3.08%
4.4%
32
16,176
31
22,579
30
12/27
POLAND
POL
3.07%
4.1%
40
11,273
38
15,727
31
3/21
EL SALVADOR
SLV
3.06%
1.7%
82
3,424
79
4,770
32
13/27
ALBANIA
ALB
3.05%
5.2%
79
3,808
76
5,302
33
4/16
LEBANON
LBN
3.05%
3.3%
48
8,175
46
11,373
34
5/26
MADAGASCAR
MDG
3.03%
0.2%
124
438
123
608
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
35
4/21
GUATEMALA
GTM
3.02%
0.9%
84
2,661
85
3,693
36
5/21
COLOMBIA
COL
3.02%
2.4%
63
5,126
64
7,107
37
3/4
SRI LANKA
LKA
2.97%
4.1%
92
2,068
91
2,852
SOUTH ASIA
38
6/21
COSTA RICA
CRI
2.97%
2.1%
58
6,386
56
8,807
39
6/26
TANZANIA
TZA
2.93%
3.9%
121
503
121
691
40
14/27
CROATIA
HRV
2.92%
3.5%
36
14,222
32
19,528
41
7/26
SOUTH AFRICA
ZAF
2.90%
2.2%
61
5,786
60
7,920
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
42
15/27
MACEDONIA, FYR
MKD
2.84%
2.3%
69
4,515
67
6,141
43
16/27
TURKEY
TUR
2.83%
2.3%
47
8,215
47
11,168
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Regional
Ranking EXP.
Growth in
GDP P/C
COUNTRY NAME
ISO
CODE
EXPECTED
GROWTH
IN GDP P/C
2009-2020
GROWTH
IN GDP P/C
1999-2009
RANK
INCOME
2009
[USD]
44
5/16
SYR
2.78%
1.4%
86
2,474
87
3,346
45
7/21
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
DOM
2.78%
3.5%
66
4,637
66
6,272
46
17/27
GEORGIA
GEO
2.77%
6.2%
88
2,449
88
3,308
47
18/27
LITHUANIA
LTU
2.76%
5.1%
41
11,141
40
15,034
48
8/21
BRAZIL
BRA
2.73%
2.0%
46
8,230
48
11,067
49
19/27
SLOVENIA
SVN
2.72%
2.7%
27
23,726
27
31,881
50
8/16
JAPAN
JPN
2.71%
0.6%
17
39,738
14
53,304
51
9/16
CAMBODIA
KHM
2.66%
6.3%
117
706
116
942
52
20/27
ESTONIA
EST
2.65%
5.0%
35
14,238
34
18,984
53
21/27
LATVIA
LVA
2.63%
5.0%
38
11,616
39
15,454
54
9/21
ARGENTINA
ARG
2.61%
2.3%
50
7,626
52
10,130
55
22/27
UZBEKISTAN
UZB
2.61%
5.1%
101
1,156
100
1,534
56
6/16
MOROCCO
MAR
2.60%
3.5%
83
2,811
83
3,727
57
10/21
NICARAGUA
NIC
2.60%
1.5%
108
1,069
102
1,417
58
11/21
HONDURAS
HND
2.59%
2.3%
93
1,918
94
2,540
59
23/27
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
RUS
2.58%
5.7%
45
8,684
45
11,491
60
8/26
NAMIBIA
NAM
2.56%
2.7%
72
4,267
72
5,637
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
61
12/21
URUGUAY
URY
2.53%
2.0%
44
9,420
42
12,399
INCOME 2009
RANK
[USD]
INCOME 2020
EXPECTED
INCOME REGION
2020 [USD]
62
9/26
ETHIOPIA
ETH
2.53%
5.2%
127
344
126
453
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
63
13/21
PARAGUAY
PRY
2.50%
0.3%
91
2,242
90
2,941
64
7/16
ISRAEL
ISR
2.46%
1.6%
26
26,256
26
34,309
65
4/4
BANGLADESH
BGD
2.40%
4.1%
120
551
119
715
66
14/21
JAMAICA
JAM
2.35%
0.6%
70
4,471
71
5,773
67
1/16
GERMANY
DEU
2.34%
0.8%
16
40,670
15
52,428
WESTERN EUROPE
68
10/16
SINGAPORE
SGP
2.30%
3.1%
19
36,537
19
46,943
69
2/16
PORTUGAL
PRT
2.30%
0.5%
28
21,903
28
28,136
WESTERN EUROPE
70
10/26
MALAWI
MWI
2.27%
1.1%
128
310
127
396
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
71
11/16
HKG
2.26%
3.5%
23
30,065
23
38,450
72
12/16
LAO PDR
LAO
2.24%
4.8%
112
940
113
1,199
73
11/26
MAURITIUS
MUS
2.22%
3.2%
56
6,735
57
8,578
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
74
15/21
CUBA
CUB
2.22%
5.9%
62
5,596
63
7,126
75
3/16
ITALY
ITA
2.18%
-0.1%
21
35,084
21
44,497
WESTERN EUROPE
76
12/26
CTE D'IVOIRE
CIV
2.18%
-1.8%
106
1,106
103
1,402
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
77
4/16
UNITED KINGDOM
GBR
2.16%
1.2%
20
35,165
20
44,505
WESTERN EUROPE
78
13/26
GHANA
GHA
2.16%
3.1%
107
1,098
104
1,388
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
79
16/21
PERU
PER
2.13%
3.7%
71
4,469
73
5,635
80
17/21
ECUADOR
ECU
2.12%
3.3%
74
4,202
77
5,290
81
5/16
AUSTRIA
AUT
2.10%
1.3%
10
45,562
57,271
WESTERN EUROPE
82
6/16
FRANCE
FRA
2.09%
0.7%
15
41,051
16
51,566
WESTERN EUROPE
83
7/16
SPAIN
ESP
2.08%
1.2%
22
31,774
22
39,863
WESTERN EUROPE
84
14/26
LIBERIA
LBR
2.07%
-1.3%
129
222
128
278
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
85
15/26
ZAMBIA
ZMB
2.06%
2.7%
110
990
112
1,239
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
86
18/21
CHILE
CHL
2.05%
2.6%
43
9,644
43
12,054
Regional
Ranking EXP.
Growth in
GDP P/C
COUNTRY NAME
ISO
CODE
EXPECTED
GROWTH
IN GDP P/C
2009-2020
GROWTH
IN GDP P/C
1999-2009
RANK
INCOME
2009
[USD]
87
8/16
SWEDEN
SWE
2.04%
1.5%
13
43,654
12
54,522
WESTERN EUROPE
88
9/16
FINLAND
FIN
2.03%
1.7%
11
44,581
11
55,630
WESTERN EUROPE
89
19/21
BOLIVIA
BOL
2.03%
1.7%
94
1,758
96
2,194
90
16/26
MOZAMBIQUE
MOZ
2.03%
4.6%
125
428
124
533
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
91
1/2
UNITED STATES
USA
2.01%
0.8%
45,989
57,260
92
24/27
TAJIKISTAN
TJK
1.95%
6.7%
116
716
117
885
93
13/16
NEW ZEALAND
NZL
1.91%
1.2%
24
29,352
24
36,132
94
17/26
BOTSWANA
BWA
1.89%
3.5%
59
6,064
62
7,449
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
95
18/26
MALI
MLI
1.87%
2.9%
118
691
118
848
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
INCOME 2009
RANK
[USD]
INCOME 2020
EXPECTED
INCOME REGION
2020 [USD]
NORTH AMERICA
EASTERN EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA
96
8/16
YEMEN, REP.
YEM
1.86%
1.0%
104
1,118
106
1,369
97
10/16
BELGIUM
BEL
1.86%
1.0%
12
43,671
13
53,457
WESTERN EUROPE
98
25/27
KAZAKHSTAN
KAZ
1.82%
7.9%
53
7,257
55
8,853
99
9/16
SAUDI ARABIA
SAU
1.80%
1.0%
34
14,799
37
18,011
100
11/16
SWITZERLAND
CHE
1.78%
0.9%
63,629
77,233
WESTERN EUROPE
101
12/16
GREECE
GRC
1.77%
3.0%
25
29,240
25
35,476
WESTERN EUROPE
102
13/16
NETHERLANDS
NLD
1.72%
1.1%
47,917
57,784
WESTERN EUROPE
103
20/21
TTO
1.71%
5.9%
33
15,841
33
19,097
104
2/2
CANADA
CAN
1.67%
1.1%
18
39,599
18
47,520
NORTH AMERICA
105
14/16
IRELAND
IRL
1.65%
1.9%
51,049
61,138
WESTERN EUROPE
106
15/16
DENMARK
DNK
1.63%
0.5%
55,992
66,902
WESTERN EUROPE
107
14/16
MONGOLIA
MNG
1.52%
4.5%
96
1,573
98
1,858
108
10/16
OMAN
OMN
1.44%
2.8%
31
16,207
35
18,971
109
26/27
TURKMENISTAN
TKM
1.34%
12.7%
77
3,904
81
4,521
110
11/16
ALGERIA
DZA
1.28%
2.1%
76
4,029
80
4,632
111
12/16
IRN
1.27%
3.5%
67
4,540
78
5,214
112
27/27
AZERBAIJAN
AZE
1.25%
14.5%
65
4,899
74
5,617
113
19/26
GUINEA
GIN
1.24%
0.7%
126
407
125
467
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
114
15/16
AUSTRALIA
AUS
1.23%
1.7%
14
42,279
17
48,355
115
21/21
VENEZUELA, RB
VEN
1.23%
1.8%
39
11,490
41
13,138
116
13/16
ARE
1.21%
1.6%
50,070
10
57,151
117
20/26
CAMEROON
CMR
1.20%
1.1%
102
1,136
108
1,296
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
118
21/26
NIGERIA
NGA
1.16%
3.5%
103
1,118
110
1,270
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
119
16/16
NORWAY
NOR
1.08%
1.1%
79,089
88,980
WESTERN EUROPE
120
14/16
LIBYA
LBY
0.99%
2.1%
42
9,714
49
10,828
121
22/26
GABON
GAB
0.99%
-0.6%
51
7,502
59
8,362
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
122
15/16
QATAR
QAT
0.90%
NA
69,754
77,008
123
16/16
PNG
0.89%
0.1%
100
1,172
109
1,292
124
16/16
KUWAIT
KWT
0.82%
2.6%
54.260
59,391
125
23/26
CONGO, REP.
COG
0.65%
2.3%
85
2,601
92
2,794
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
126
24/26
SUDAN
SDN
0.55%
4.8%
98
1,294
105
1,374
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
127
25/26
ANGOLA
AGO
0.54%
7.5%
75
4,081
82
4,329
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
128
26/26
MAURITANIA
MRT
0.29%
1.0%
113
919
115
949
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
map 2 :
Countries are color coded according to their position in Ranking 2.
Rank
1
128
figure 2 :
Expected annual GDP per capita growth with respect to GDP per capita in 2009.
CHN
IND
4%
THA
MDA
ZWE
UKR
KEN
UGA
3%
KGZ
VNM
KHM
ETH
LKA GTM
SYR
GEO
UZB
NIC
HND
2%
PRY
SLV
ALB
MAR
PER
ECU
BOL
CZE
KOR
SVK
HRV
TUR
BRA LTU
EST
ARG
RUS LVA
URY
SVN
TKM
DZA
CMR
NGA
SAU
TTO
DEU
SGP
HKG ITA
GBR AUT
ESP FRA SWE
FIN
USA
NZL
BEL
CHE
GRC
CAN NLD
IRL DNK
OMN
IRN
AZE
VEN
AUS ARE
NOR
GAB LBY
PNG
SDN
KAZ
JPN
ISR
PRT
CHL
BWA
MNG
1%
POL
LBN
CUB MUS
YEM
GIN
HUN
JAM
CIV
GHA
ZMB
TJK
MLI
COL CRI
ZAF
MKD
DOM
NAM
LAO
MOZ
PAN
MEX
SRB ROU
MYS
BGR
JOR
TUN
EGY
IDN
SEN
BGD
MWI
BIH
PHL
PAK
MDG
TZA
LBR
BLR
KWT
QAT
COG
AGO
MRT
0%
10 2
10 3
104
GDP per capita in USD [2009]
10 5
RANKING 3:
by region:
By region, in East Asia and the Pacific the expected leaders
in GDP growth are Philippines (12), Malaysia (15) and China
(20), while laggard is Australia (107). In South Asia the best
performing country is expected to be India (8), while Bangladesh is the laggard (51). In Eastern Europe and Central Asia
the top performers are the Kyrgyz Republic (21), Turkey (40)
and Uzbekistan (43). The worst performers in this region are
Latvia (114) and Georgia (121).
In Latin America the fastest growing countries are expected to be Guatemala (9), Panama (13) and Mexico (22), while
the worst performance is expected in Trinidad and Tobago
(119) and Cuba (128). Jordan (11), Egypt (14) and Yemen (16)
are expected to lead GDP growth in Middle East and North
Africa, while the laggards are Iran (117) and Libya (123).
GDP growth in Western Europe is expected to be lead by
The United Kingdom (92), followed closely by Ireland (93).
At the bottom of the list we expect to find Greece (126) and
Norway (128).
REGIONAL
RANK
COUNTRY NAME
EXPECTED
GDP GROWTH
ISO
CODE
EXPECTED
GDP
GROWTH
GROWTH 1998-2008
2009-2020
RANK
INCOME
2009
[USD]
INCOME
2009
[USD]
RANK
INCOME
2020
EXPECTED
INCOME
2020 [USD]
EXPECTED
POPULATION REGION
GROWTH
1/26
UGANDA
UGA
6.41%
4.1%
122
490
120
700
3.11%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
2/26
KENYA
KEN
6.10%
0.9%
115
738
114
1,073
2.64%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
3/26
TANZANIA
TZA
6.07%
3.8%
121
503
121
691
3.14%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
4/26
ZIMBABWE
ZWE
5.93%
-7.1%
123
449
122
676
2.14%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
5/26
MADAGASCAR
MDG
5.85%
1.0%
124
438
123
608
2.82%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
6/26
SENEGAL
SEN
5.82%
1.6%
109
1,023
101
1,457
2.55%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
7/26
MALAWI
MWI
5.60%
0.6%
128
310
127
396
3.33%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
1/4
INDIA
IND
5.51%
5.4%
99
1,192
97
1,886
1.25%
SOUTH ASIA
1/21
GUATEMALA
GTM
5.50%
1.2%
84
2,661
85
3,693
2.48%
10
8/26
ZAMBIA
ZMB
5.25%
2.3%
110
990
112
1,239
3.19%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
11
1/16
JORDAN
JOR
5.18%
3.9%
73
4,216
68
6,101
1.76%
12
1/16
PHILIPPINES
PHL
5.14%
2.8%
95
1,752
93
2,560
1.64%
13
2/21
PANAMA
PAN
4.97%
4.0%
54
7,155
51
10,529
1.39%
14
2/16
EGY
4.94%
3.1%
90
2,270
89
3,268
1.57%
15
2/16
MALAYSIA
MYS
4.83%
3.5%
55
7,030
53
10,071
1.51%
16
3/16
YEMEN, REP.
YEM
4.83%
0.9%
104
1,118
106
1,369
2.97%
17
9/26
MALI
MLI
4.81%
3.2%
118
691
118
848
2.94%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
18
2/4
PAKISTAN
PAK
4.80%
2.2%
111
955
107
1,336
1.69%
SOUTH ASIA
19
10/26
LIBERIA
LBR
4.67%
-0.1%
129
222
128
278
2.61%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
20
3/16
CHINA
CHN
4.66%
9.4%
81
3,744
70
5,962
0.34%
21
1/27
KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
KGZ
4.61%
3.8%
114
860
111
1,244
1.20%
22
3/21
MEXICO
MEX
4.56%
1.8%
49
8,143
44
11,894
1.05%
23
11/26
ETHIOPIA
ETH
4.52%
4.8%
127
344
126
453
1.99%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
24
4/21
HONDURAS
HND
4.49%
2.3%
93
1,918
94
2,540
1.90%
25
4/16
THAILAND
THA
4.47%
3.8%
78
3,893
69
6,023
0.42%
26
4/16
SYR
4.45%
0.7%
86
2,474
87
3,346
1.67%
27
5/16
VIETNAM
VNM
4.41%
5.9%
105
1,113
99
1,622
0.93%
28
12/26
CTE D'IVOIRE
CIV
4.37%
-2.0%
106
1,106
103
1,402
2.19%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
29
13/26
GHANA
GHA
4.36%
3.1%
107
1,098
104
1,388
2.20%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
30
5/16
TUNISIA
TUN
4.31%
3.9%
80
3,792
75
5,456
0.95%
31
14/26
MOZAMBIQUE
MOZ
4.26%
4.7%
125
428
124
533
2.23%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
32
6/16
INDONESIA
IDN
4.22%
3.4%
89
2,349
86
3,363
0.91%
33
5/21
COLOMBIA
COL
4.22%
1.8%
63
5,126
64
7,107
1.20%
34
6/21
COSTA RICA
CRI
4.21%
3.0%
58
6,386
56
8,807
1.24%
35
15/26
NAMIBIA
NAM
4.15%
2.7%
72
4,267
72
5,637
1.59%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
36
7/21
PARAGUAY
PRY
4.15%
0.5%
91
2,242
90
2,941
1.65%
37
6/16
ISRAEL
ISR
4.03%
1.8%
26
26,256
26
34,309
1.57%
38
8/21
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
DOM
3.93%
3.8%
66
4,637
66
6,272
1.14%
39
9/21
NICARAGUA
NIC
3.92%
2.7%
108
1,069
102
1,417
1.33%
40
2/27
TURKEY
TUR
3.88%
2.4%
47
8,215
47
11,168
1.05%
41
7/16
CAMBODIA
KHM
3.84%
7.6%
117
706
116
942
1.18%
42
7/16
SAUDI ARABIA
SAU
3.82%
0.9%
34
14,799
37
18,011
2.02%
43
3/27
UZBEKISTAN
UZB
3.76%
4.7%
101
1,156
100
1,534
1.15%
REGIONAL
RANK
COUNTRY NAME
EXPECTED
GDP GROWTH
ISO
CODE
EXPECTED
GDP
GROWTH
GROWTH 1998-2008
2009-2020
RANK
INCOME
2009
[USD]
INCOME
2009
[USD]
RANK
INCOME
2020
EXPECTED
INCOME
2020 [USD]
EXPECTED
POPULATION REGION
GROWTH
44
16/26
GUINEA
GIN
3.73%
1.3%
126
407
125
467
2.49%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
45
17/26
NIGERIA
NGA
3.72%
3.1%
103
1,118
110
1,270
2.55%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
46
10/21
EL SALVADOR
SLV
3.71%
2.4%
82
3,424
79
4,770
0.65%
47
8/16
LEBANON
LBN
3.71%
2.3%
48
8,175
46
11,373
0.66%
48
4/27
BELARUS
BLR
3.66%
8.1%
64
5,075
61
7,806
-0.33%
49
3/4
SRI LANKA
LKA
3.66%
4.1%
92
2,068
91
2,852
0.69%
SOUTH ASIA
50
11/21
BOLIVIA
BOL
3.59%
1.4%
94
1,758
96
2,194
1.56%
51
4/4
BANGLADESH
BGD
3.59%
4.0%
120
551
119
715
1.18%
SOUTH ASIA
52
9/16
MOROCCO
MAR
3.53%
3.0%
83
2,811
83
3,727
0.94%
53
8/16
LAO PDR
LAO
3.52%
4.9%
112
940
113
1,199
1.28%
54
12/21
BRAZIL
BRA
3.50%
2.1%
46
8,230
48
11,067
0.77%
55
13/21
ARGENTINA
ARG
3.44%
1.9%
50
7,626
52
10,130
0.82%
56
9/16
KOREA, REP.
KOR
3.42%
4.8%
30
17,078
30
23,866
0.33%
57
5/27
TAJIKISTAN
TJK
3.42%
6.8%
116
716
117
885
1.47%
58
18/26
SOUTH AFRICA
ZAF
3.37%
2.5%
61
5,786
60
7,920
0.48%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
59
14/21
ECUADOR
ECU
3.35%
2.6%
74
4,202
77
5,290
1.24%
60
6/27
CZECH REPUBLIC
CZE
3.35%
3.8%
29
18,139
29
25,415
0.23%
61
7/27
ALBANIA
ALB
3.33%
6.0%
79
3,808
76
5,302
0.28%
62
8/27
MOLDOVA
MDA
3.33%
5.2%
97
1,516
95
2,321
-0.62%
63
19/26
CAMEROON
CMR
3.30%
1.3%
102
1,136
108
1,296
2.10%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
64
9/27
BIH
3.28%
5.0%
68
4,525
65
6,669
-0.30%
65
10/16
HKG
3.28%
4.0%
23
30,065
23
38,450
1.02%
66
11/16
SINGAPORE
SGP
3.27%
4.1%
19
36,537
19
46,943
0.96%
67
10/27
SERBIA
SRB
3.24%
3.9%
60
5,872
58
8,467
-0.14%
68
15/21
PERU
PER
3.23%
3.7%
71
4,469
73
5,635
1.10%
69
11/27
SLOVAK REPUBLIC
SVK
3.23%
5.0%
32
16,176
31
22,579
0.15%
70
10/16
ARE
3.23%
1.7%
50,070
10
57,151
2.02%
71
12/27
UKRAINE
UKR
3.19%
7.0%
87
2,468
84
3,694
-0.54%
72
20/26
ANGOLA
AGO
3.19%
7.8%
75
4,081
82
4,329
2.65%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
73
11/16
QATAR
QAT
3.16%
NA
69,754
77,008
2.26%
74
13/27
HUNGARY
HUN
3.15%
4.0%
37
12,868
36
18,420
-0.16%
75
14/27
ROMANIA
ROU
3.15%
5.7%
52
7,500
50
10,823
-0.24%
76
12/16
OMAN
OMN
3.13%
2.8%
31
16,207
35
18,971
1.69%
77
15/27
POLAND
POL
3.10%
4.4%
40
11,273
38
15,727
0.03%
78
12/16
PNG
3.01%
-0.2%
100
1,172
109
1,292
2.13%
79
13/16
KUWAIT
KWT
3.00%
2.6%
54,260
59,391
2.17%
80
13/16
MONGOLIA
MNG
2.99%
5.0%
96
1,573
98
1,858
1.46%
81
14/16
NEW ZEALAND
NZL
2.91%
1.8%
24
29,352
24
36,132
1.00%
82
21/26
GABON
GAB
2.90%
-1.5%
51
7,502
59
8,362
1.91%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
83
16/27
SLOVENIA
SVN
2.90%
4.2%
27
23,726
27
31,881
0.18%
84
16/21
URUGUAY
URY
2.90%
1.5%
44
9,420
42
12,399
0.37%
85
22/26
SUDAN
SDN
2.89%
4.7%
98
1,294
105
1,374
2.35%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
86
17/27
MACEDONIA, FYR
MKD
2.89%
2.8%
69
4,515
67
6,141
0.06%
REGIONAL
RANK
COUNTRY NAME
EXPECTED
GDP GROWTH
87
17/21
88
1/2
89
ISO
CODE
EXPECTED
GDP
GROWTH
GROWTH 1998-2008
2009-2020
RANK
INCOME
2009
[USD]
INCOME
2009
[USD]
RANK
INCOME
2020
EXPECTED
INCOME
2020 [USD]
EXPECTED
POPULATION REGION
GROWTH
CHILE
CHL
2.85%
2.6%
43
9,644
43
12,054
0.80%
UNITED STATES
USA
2.84%
1.6%
45,989
57,260
0.83%
NORTH AMERICA
23/26
BOTSWANA
BWA
2.84%
3.5%
59
6,064
62
7,449
0.95%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
90
18/27
KAZAKHSTAN
KAZ
2.81%
8.3%
53
7,257
55
8,853
0.99%
91
24/26
CONGO, REP.
COG
2.80%
1.3%
85
2,601
92
2,794
2.15%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
92
1/16
UNITED KINGDOM
GBR
2.76%
2.1%
20
35,165
20
44,505
0.59%
WESTERN EUROPE
93
2/16
IRELAND
IRL
2.71%
3.7%
51,049
61,138
1.06%
WESTERN EUROPE
94
19/27
CROATIA
HRV
2.71%
3.9%
36
14,222
32
19,528
-0.21%
95
25/26
MAURITIUS
MUS
2.69%
3.2%
56
6,735
57
8,578
0.47%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
96
18/21
JAMAICA
JAM
2.66%
1.0%
70
4,471
71
5,773
0.31%
97
19/21
VENEZUELA, RB
VEN
2.64%
1.4%
39
11,490
41
13,138
1.41%
98
3/16
SPAIN
ESP
2.63%
2.0%
22
31,774
22
39,863
0.55%
WESTERN EUROPE
99
20/27
BULGARIA
BGR
2.62%
6.3%
57
6,423
54
9,178
-0.68%
100
4/16
SWEDEN
SWE
2.61%
2.5%
13
43,654
12
54,522
0.57%
WESTERN EUROPE
101
5/16
FRANCE
FRA
2.58%
1.4%
15
41,051
16
51,566
0.48%
WESTERN EUROPE
102
15/16
JAPAN
JPN
2.57%
1.1%
17
39,738
14
53,304
-0.14%
103
2/2
CANADA
CAN
2.56%
1.9%
18
39,599
18
47,520
0.89%
NORTH AMERICA
104
21/27
ESTONIA
EST
2.56%
6.6%
35
14,238
34
18,984
-0.09%
105
22/27
TURKMENISTAN
TKM
2.53%
13.6%
77
3,904
81
4,521
1.19%
106
14/16
ALGERIA
DZA
2.53%
2.2%
76
4,029
80
4,632
1.26%
107
16/16
AUSTRALIA
AUS
2.49%
2.2%
14
42,279
17
48,355
1.26%
108
26/26
MAURITANIA
MRT
2.48%
1.7%
113
919
115
949
2.19%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
109
23/27
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
RUS
2.44%
7.3%
45
8,684
45
11,491
-0.14%
110
24/27
LITHUANIA
LTU
2.35%
6.7%
41
11,141
40
15,034
-0.41%
111
25/27
AZERBAIJAN
AZE
2.33%
14.3%
65
4,899
74
5,617
1.08%
112
6/16
FINLAND
FIN
2.33%
3.0%
11
44,581
11
55,630
0.30%
WESTERN EUROPE
113
7/16
ITALY
ITA
2.31%
0.7%
21
35,084
21
44,497
0.12%
WESTERN EUROPE
114
26/27
LATVIA
LVA
2.25%
7.6%
38
11,616
39
15,454
-0.37%
115
8/16
PORTUGAL
PRT
2.25%
1.1%
28
21,903
28
28,136
-0.05%
WESTERN EUROPE
116
9/16
AUSTRIA
AUT
2.24%
2.0%
10
45,562
57,271
0.14%
WESTERN EUROPE
117
15/16
IRN
2.18%
3.5%
67
4,540
78
5,214
0.92%
118
10/16
GERMANY
DEU
2.17%
1.5%
16
40,670
15
52,428
-0.16%
WESTERN EUROPE
119
20/21
CUBA
CUB
2.14%
5.9%
62
5,596
63
7,126
-0.08%
120
11/16
SWITZERLAND
CHE
2.13%
1.3%
63,629
77,233
0.36%
WESTERN EUROPE
121
27/27
GEORGIA
GEO
2.13%
7.1%
88
2,449
88
3,308
-0.64%
122
12/16
BELGIUM
BEL
2.12%
1.7%
12
43,671
13
53,457
0.27%
WESTERN EUROPE
123
16/16
LIBYA
LBY
2.08%
2.1%
42
9,714
49
10,828
1.09%
124
13/16
NETHERLANDS
NLD
1.97%
1.9%
47,917
57,784
0.25%
WESTERN EUROPE
125
14/16
DENMARK
DNK
1.96%
1.3%
55,992
66,902
0.33%
WESTERN EUROPE
126
15/16
GREECE
GRC
1.96%
3.6%
25
29,240
25
35,476
0.18%
WESTERN EUROPE
127
21/21
TTO
1.95%
6.7%
33
15,841
33
19,097
0.24%
128
16/16
NORWAY
NOR
1.77%
1.6%
79,089
88,980
0.69%
WESTERN EUROPE
map 3 :
Show the geographic pattern of total GDP growth.
Rank
1
128
figure 3 :
Plots total GDP growth as a function of GDP per capita.
7%
UGA
6%
MWI
KEN
TZA
ZWE
MDG
SEN
IND
ZMB
5%
MLI
LBR
PAK
KGZ
ETH
4%
GIN
BGD
TJK
LAO
PNG
2%
1%
10
10
SYR
PRY
IDN
LKA
BOL
MDA
MNG
SDN
MRT
CHN
HND
CMR
3%
EGY
YEM
NIC
UZB
NGA
KHM
JOR
PHL
VNM
CIV
GHA
MOZ
GTM
THA
TUN COL
NAM
DOM
PAN
MYS
MEX
CRI
SLV
ISR
TUR
LBN
SAU
BLR
KOR
ECU ZAF ARGBRA
HKG
CZE
BIH SRB
SGP
SVK
ARE
HUN
PER
QAT
ROU
OMN
POL
AGO
NZL
KWT
USA
MKD
BWA
GAB URY
SVN
IRL
KAZ CHL
COG
GBR
SWE
HRV
MUS
JAM
VEN
ESP
FRA
BGR
EST
JPN
CAN
DZA
RUS
AUS
TKM
LTU
AZE
FIN
ITA
PRT
LVA
AUT
DEU
CUB
CHE
GEO
LBY
BEL
IRN
GRC
DNK
TTO
NLD
NOR
MAR
ALB
UKR
10
10
RANKING 4:
figure 4 . 1 :
Evolution of the ranking of countries based on ECI between 1964 and 2008. Please see pages 352-353 for a larger version.
CHE 1
SWE 2
AUT 3
GBR 4
JPN 5
FRA 6
USA 7
ITA 8
BEL 9
NOR 10
FIN 11
DNK 12
NLD 13
HKG 14
HUN 15
POL 16
IRL 17
PAN 18
PRT 19
KOR 20
ISR 21
CAN 22
BGR 23
ESP 24
CHN 25
ROU 26
SLV 27
SGP 28
JOR 29
CRI 30
NZL 31
AUS 32
URY 33
GRC 34
MEX 35
CHL 36
GTM 37
IND 38
LBN 39
MAR 40
MRT 41
ARG 42
CUB 43
COL 44
EGY 45
DZA 46
TUN 47
ZAF 48
MNG 49
ZWE 50
ALB 51
PAK 52
VEN 53
JAM 54
HND 55
NIC 56
TTO 57
SEN 58
SYR 59
VNM 60
OMN 61
PER 62
TUR 63
PHL 64
ECU 65
LBR 66
BOL 67
IRN 68
PRY 69
MYS 70
BRA 71
THA 72
ZMB 73
MWI 74
CIV 75
GIN 76
MLI 77
KHM 78
LAO 79
LKA 80
KEN 81
GHA 82
MDG 83
COG 84
DOM 85
ETH 86
SAU 87
IDN 88
CMR 89
AGO 90
PNG 91
MOZ 92
TZA 93
UGA 94
SDN 95
GAB 96
NGA 97
QAT 98
KWT 99
MUS 100
LBY 101
JPN 1
CHE 2
SWE 3
FIN 4
AUT 5
GBR 6
SGP 7
KOR 8
HUN 9
FRA 10
USA 11
ITA 12
DNK 13
IRL 14
ISR 15
BEL 16
MEX 17
POL 18
NLD 19
ESP 20
HKG 21
ROU 22
CHN 23
NOR 24
THA 25
MYS 26
PRT 27
PAN 28
CAN 29
BGR 30
LBN 31
TUR 32
BRA 33
NZL 34
TUN 35
JOR 36
CRI 37
GRC 38
IND 39
COL 40
ZAF 41
ARG 42
URY 43
PHL 44
SLV 45
IDN 46
DOM 47
ALB 48
GTM 49
TTO 50
EGY 51
CHL 52
VNM 53
AUS 54
SAU 55
LKA 56
SYR 57
MUS 58
SEN 59
QAT 60
MAR 61
KEN 62
ZWE 63
HND 64
JAM 65
CUB 66
PRY 67
PAK 68
OMN 69
PER 70
UGA 71
MDG 72
NIC 73
KWT 74
ECU 75
TZA 76
ZMB 77
LAO 78
GHA 79
KHM 80
BOL 81
CIV 82
VEN 83
ETH 84
IRN 85
MWI 86
MNG 87
LBR 88
MOZ 89
MLI 90
GAB 91
LBY 92
CMR 93
DZA 94
GIN 95
NGA 96
PNG 97
AGO 98
COG 99
MRT 100
SDN 101
1964
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
by region:
By region, in East Asia and the Pacific the countries that
changed their economic complexity the most were Thailand
(2), Malaysia (3), Singapore (4) and Indonesia (5). China occupies the 31st position in this ranking. The relatively low
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
position of China in this ranking reflects the fact that Chinas transformation built on a productive structure that was
more sophisticated than that of many of its regional neighbors. The laggards of this region are Papua New Guinea (78),
Australia (95) and Mongolia (97).
In South Asia the best performing country was Sri Lanka
(16), while Pakistan (73) is the laggard.
In Eastern Europe and Central Asia the top performers were
Turkey (10) and Romania (19). The lack of historical data for
the region is substantial, however, since many of the countries in the region used to belong to the Soviet Union and we
do not have good data on their productive structure.
In Latin America the countries that experienced the largest
change in economic complexity were Brazil (7), Dominican
Republic (8) and Mexico (12). The laggards were El Salvador
(86), Chile (87) and Venezuela (92). In the Middle East and
North Africa, Saudi Arabia (9), Libya (11) and Tunisia (20) were
the countries that increased their ECI the most, while the laggards were Morocco (90), which used to be one of the most
complex economies of the region, Iran (91) and Algeria (98).
Finally, in Western Europe the change in ECI between 1964
and 2008 is dominated by that of Finland (26), Spain (39)
and Ireland (46) and the laggards of the region were Portugal
(84), Belgium (89) and Norway (96). We note that Western
Europe is a region in which all countries have always had
positive values of the ECI, which limits the range of potential positive changes.
REGIONAL
RANKING
COUNTRY NAME
ECI (64-08)
ISO
ECI
ECI
1964 1968 1978 1988 1998 2008
CODE
(64-08) (98-08)
RANKING
ECI
(98-08)
REGIONAL
RANKING
ECI (98-08)
REGION
1/22
MAURITIUS
MUS
-1.99
-0.92
0.42
-0.18
-0.63
-0.31
1.68
0.32
36
10/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
1/16
THAILAND
THA
-0.67
-0.61
0.14
0.09
0.17
0.81
1.48
0.65
11
1/16
2/16
MALAYSIA
MYS
-0.67
-0.49
-0.02
0.02
0.48
0.76
1.43
0.28
43
9/16
3/16
SINGAPORE
SGP
0.59
0.57
0.66
0.84
1.22
1.64
1.05
0.42
24
6/16
4/16
INDONESIA
IDN
-1.04
-1.04
-0.89
-0.62
-0.19
-0.01
1.03
0.18
51
10/16
2/22
UGANDA
UGA
-1.48
-1.42
-0.78
-1.32
-1.14
-0.49
0.99
0.65
10
3/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
1/21
BRAZIL
BRA
-0.74
-0.55
0.31
0.60
0.68
0.24
0.98
-0.43
104
19/21
2/21
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
DOM
-1.05
-0.95
0.34
-0.34
-0.72
-0.06
0.98
0.66
6/21
1/14
SAUDI ARABIA
SAU
-1.02
-0.93
-2.64
0.51
0.22
-0.20
0.82
-0.42
103
13/14
10
1/6
TURKEY
TUR
-0.35
-0.49
0.31
0.38
0.28
0.44
0.79
0.17
53
9/6
11
2/14
LIBYA
LBY
-2.09
-2.31
-2.07
0.08
-0.72
-1.30
0.78
-0.58
114
15/14
12
3/21
MEXICO
MEX
0.39
0.24
0.74
0.80
0.80
1.14
0.76
0.35
30
9/21
13
3/22
TANZANIA
TZA
-1.21
-1.11
-0.66
-1.17
-1.25
-0.64
0.57
0.61
12
4/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
14
4/22
KENYA
KEN
-0.84
-0.68
0.15
-0.87
-1.12
-0.28
0.56
0.84
1/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
15
5/16
PHILIPPINES
PHL
-0.46
-0.18
0.25
-0.15
-0.31
0.03
0.50
0.34
32
8/16
16
1/3
SRI LANKA
LKA
-0.73
-0.89
-0.15
-0.47
-0.64
-0.27
0.46
0.37
27
1/3
SOUTH ASIA
17
6/16
JAPAN
JPN
1.87
1.93
1.49
2.11
2.21
2.32
0.45
0.11
57
11/16
18
7/16
KOREA, REP.
KOR
1.04
0.97
0.89
0.93
0.94
1.47
0.43
0.53
19
4/16
19
2/6
ROMANIA
ROU
0.53
0.88
0.86
1.04
0.64
0.94
0.40
0.29
40
5/6
20
3/14
TUNISIA
TUN
-0.08
0.12
0.20
0.18
-0.02
0.29
0.37
0.31
38
5/14
21
4/14
LEBANON
LBN
0.11
0.86
0.53
0.35
0.08
0.40
0.30
0.32
37
4/14
22
5/14
QATAR
QAT
-0.73
-2.31
-3.61
0.29
-0.79
-0.44
0.29
0.35
29
2/14
23
3/6
ALBANIA
ALB
-0.18
0.10
0.39
-0.09
-0.37
0.09
0.26
0.46
21
2/6
24
5/22
GHANA
GHA
-1.13
-0.97
-0.62
-1.22
-1.18
-0.87
0.26
0.31
39
11/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
25
6/22
MADAGASCAR
MDG
-0.85
-0.89
-0.60
-1.40
-1.14
-0.59
0.25
0.54
18
6/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
26
1/15
FINLAND
FIN
1.47
1.64
1.21
1.64
1.85
1.71
0.24
-0.13
77
4/15
WESTERN EUROPE
27
4/6
HUNGARY
HUN
1.19
1.15
0.91
0.99
1.01
1.43
0.24
0.42
23
3/6
28
8/16
VIETNAM
VNM
-0.40
-0.02
0.02
-0.60
-0.59
-0.18
0.22
0.41
25
7/16
29
4/21
PARAGUAY
PRY
-0.68
-0.60
-0.16
-0.71
-0.22
-0.47
0.21
-0.25
87
14/21
30
7/22
SENEGAL
SEN
-0.49
-0.30
-0.36
-0.78
-0.97
-0.29
0.20
0.68
2/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
31
9/16
CHINA
CHN
0.74
0.75
0.57
0.40
0.33
0.89
0.15
0.57
16
3/16
32
8/22
SOUTH AFRICA
ZAF
-0.02
-0.20
0.22
0.13
0.41
0.13
0.15
-0.28
91
18/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
33
5/21
TTO
-0.45
0.10
-0.08
-0.41
-0.06
-0.31
0.15
-0.25
86
13/21
34
6/14
KUWAIT
KWT
-1.36
-0.89
-1.94
0.69
-0.55
-1.22
0.14
-0.67
117
16/14
35
6/21
COLOMBIA
COL
0.06
-0.23
0.03
0.11
0.28
0.20
0.14
-0.08
72
12/21
36
7/14
SYR
-0.42
-0.17
-0.29
-0.14
-0.98
-0.29
0.13
0.69
1/14
37
2/3
INDIA
IND
0.12
0.29
0.40
0.19
0.21
0.25
0.13
0.04
63
4/3
SOUTH ASIA
38
8/14
ISRAEL
ISR
1.04
0.78
0.95
1.18
1.24
1.16
0.13
-0.08
73
8/14
39
2/15
SPAIN
ESP
0.81
0.89
1.05
1.20
1.13
0.93
0.12
-0.19
81
7/15
WESTERN EUROPE
40
9/22
GABON
GAB
-1.48
-1.30
-1.40
-1.62
-0.93
-1.36
0.11
-0.44
105
19/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
41
7/21
COSTA RICA
CRI
0.22
0.63
-0.04
-0.44
-0.54
0.28
0.06
0.81
3/21
42
9/14
EGY
-0.07
-0.04
0.22
-0.14
-0.30
-0.02
0.05
0.28
42
6/14
43
10/22
CTE D'IVOIRE
CIV
-0.92
-1.02
-0.58
-1.63
-1.43
-0.87
0.05
0.56
17
5/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
REGIONAL
RANKING
COUNTRY NAME
ECI (64-08)
ISO
ECI
ECI
1964 1968 1978 1988 1998 2008
CODE
(64-08) (98-08)
RANKING
ECI
(98-08)
REGIONAL
RANKING
ECI (98-08)
REGION
44
8/21
ECUADOR
ECU
-0.66
-0.89
-0.52
-0.81
-0.85
-0.62
0.04
0.23
46
10/21
45
9/21
ARGENTINA
ARG
0.09
-0.05
0.43
0.28
0.39
0.11
0.01
-0.28
90
15/21
46
3/15
IRELAND
IRL
1.22
1.10
1.10
1.44
1.57
1.23
0.01
-0.34
98
14/15
WESTERN EUROPE
47
10/16
CAMBODIA
KHM
-0.71
-1.06
0.09
-0.82
-1.19
-0.70
0.01
0.48
20
5/16
48
11/22
MOZAMBIQUE
MOZ
-1.08
-0.71
-0.49
-0.10
-0.38
-1.08
0.01
-0.70
119
23/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
49
12/22
ETHIOPIA
ETH
-0.88
-0.92
-0.60
-0.77
-1.06
-0.89
-0.01
0.17
52
15/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
50
13/22
NIGERIA
NGA
-1.38
-1.45
-1.50
-1.71
-1.65
-1.42
-0.04
0.23
47
13/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
51
4/15
SWITZERLAND
CHE
2.04
1.89
1.44
1.90
2.08
1.93
-0.10
-0.14
78
5/15
WESTERN EUROPE
52
10/21
PERU
PER
-0.45
-0.73
0.00
-0.04
-0.26
-0.58
-0.12
-0.32
92
16/21
53
5/15
SWEDEN
SWE
2.00
1.88
1.46
2.02
2.03
1.86
-0.14
-0.17
79
6/15
WESTERN EUROPE
54
6/15
AUSTRIA
AUT
1.96
1.87
1.39
1.78
1.80
1.81
-0.15
0.01
65
2/15
WESTERN EUROPE
55
11/16
NEW ZEALAND
NZL
0.47
0.32
0.58
0.57
0.47
0.29
-0.18
-0.18
80
14/16
56
11/21
GUATEMALA
GTM
0.09
0.32
-0.36
-0.84
-0.86
-0.10
-0.19
0.76
4/21
57
12/21
PANAMA
PAN
1.02
1.14
0.03
0.30
-0.13
0.83
-0.19
0.96
2/21
58
13/21
JAMAICA
JAM
-0.15
-0.08
0.12
-0.53
-0.78
-0.34
-0.20
0.44
22
8/21
59
la
LAO PDR
LAO
-0.67
-0.60
-0.47
-1.11
-0.83
-0.88
-0.21
-0.05
70
13/16
60
7/15
DENMARK
DNK
1.50
1.40
1.18
1.59
1.54
1.27
-0.23
-0.27
88
12/15
WESTERN EUROPE
61
5/6
POLAND
POL
1.26
1.08
0.94
1.11
1.02
1.02
-0.24
0.00
66
15/6
62
14/21
URUGUAY
URY
0.35
0.26
0.58
0.49
0.44
0.11
-0.24
-0.33
97
18/21
63
8/15
GREECE
GRC
0.46
0.31
0.64
0.20
0.26
0.21
-0.25
-0.04
69
3/15
WESTERN EUROPE
64
10/14
JORDAN
JOR
0.58
0.82
1.03
0.42
0.43
0.33
-0.25
-0.11
75
10/14
65
15/21
HONDURAS
HND
-0.23
-0.13
-0.31
-0.97
-1.09
-0.52
-0.28
0.57
15
7/21
66
14/22
CAMEROON
CMR
-1.12
-0.71
-0.61
-1.83
-1.73
-1.40
-0.29
0.32
35
9/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
67
11/14
OMAN
OMN
-0.30
-1.13
-2.45
0.18
-0.33
-0.60
-0.30
-0.27
89
11/14
68
16/21
NICARAGUA
NIC
-0.36
0.08
-0.29
-0.93
-1.32
-0.66
-0.31
0.66
5/21
69
13/16
HKG
1.33
1.37
0.92
0.88
0.42
1.02
-0.31
0.60
13
2/16
70
17/21
BOLIVIA
BOL
-0.57
-0.60
-0.21
-0.99
-0.56
-0.88
-0.31
-0.32
93
17/21
71
9/15
FRANCE
FRA
1.79
1.68
1.30
1.67
1.67
1.47
-0.31
-0.20
83
9/15
WESTERN EUROPE
72
1/2
UNITED STATES
USA
1.78
1.76
1.35
1.58
1.81
1.45
-0.33
-0.36
99
1/2
NORTH AMERICA
73
3/3
PAKISTAN
PAK
-0.06
-0.12
0.19
-0.49
-0.72
-0.40
-0.34
0.33
34
2/3
SOUTH ASIA
74
10/15
UNITED KINGDOM
GBR
1.92
1.87
1.36
1.81
1.92
1.56
-0.36
-0.37
101
15/15
WESTERN EUROPE
75
11/15
NETHERLANDS
NLD
1.41
1.37
1.08
1.39
1.37
1.04
-0.37
-0.33
96
13/15
WESTERN EUROPE
76
15/22
SUDAN
SDN
-1.39
-1.15
-0.79
-0.89
-1.08
-1.77
-0.38
-0.69
118
22/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
77
18/21
CUBA
CUB
-0.03
-0.40
-0.17
-0.39
-0.62
-0.43
-0.40
0.19
50
11/21
78
14/16
PNG
-1.17
-1.10
-1.04
-1.60
-1.55
-1.58
-0.41
-0.02
67
12/16
79
12/15
ITALY
ITA
1.72
1.74
1.29
1.61
1.54
1.31
-0.41
-0.23
85
11/15
WESTERN EUROPE
80
6/6
BULGARIA
BGR
1.00
0.71
0.80
1.11
0.65
0.59
-0.42
-0.06
71
17/6
81
16/22
LIBERIA
LBR
-0.70
-0.64
-0.60
-1.48
-0.60
-1.13
-0.43
-0.52
112
20/22
82
2/2
CANADA
CAN
1.02
1.04
1.06
0.97
1.02
0.57
-0.45
-0.45
107
2/2
83
17/22
ZAMBIA
ZMB
-0.47
-1.26
-0.09
-0.39
-0.96
-0.93
-0.46
0.03
64
16/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
84
13/15
PORTUGAL
PRT
1.17
1.06
0.85
0.69
0.57
0.70
-0.47
0.13
55
1/15
WESTERN EUROPE
85
18/22
MALI
MLI
-0.63
-0.85
-0.20
-0.62
-1.48
-1.10
-0.48
0.38
26
7/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
86
19/21
EL SALVADOR
SLV
0.51
0.67
0.23
-0.61
-1.03
0.03
-0.48
1.05
1/21
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
NORTH AMERICA
REGIONAL
RANKING
COUNTRY NAME
ECI
(64-08)
ISO
ECI
ECI
1964 1968 1978 1988 1998 2008
CODE
(64-08) (98-08)
RANKING
ECI
(98-08)
REGIONAL
RANKING
ECI (98-08)
REGION
87
20/21
CHILE
CHL
0.20
0.10
0.28
-0.07
0.12
-0.31
-0.52
-0.44
106
20/21
88
19/22
GUINEA
GIN
-0.93
-1.02
-0.94
-1.86
-1.79
-1.44
-0.52
0.34
31
8/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
89
14/15
BELGIUM
BEL
1.67
1.54
1.24
1.53
1.60
1.08
-0.58
-0.52
111
16/15
WESTERN EUROPE
90
12/14
MOROCCO
MAR
0.20
-0.15
0.31
-0.18
-0.51
-0.40
-0.60
0.11
56
7/14
91
13/14
IRN
-0.61
-0.68
-0.92
-0.86
-0.69
-1.23
-0.62
-0.54
113
14/14
92
21/21
VENEZUELA, RB
VEN
-0.47
-0.19
-0.94
-0.19
0.25
-1.11
-0.64
-1.36
124
21/21
93
20/22
ANGOLA
AGO
-1.10
-1.08
-1.57
-1.01
-1.16
-1.79
-0.69
-0.64
115
21/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
94
21/22
CONGO, REP.
COG
-1.00
-0.88
-1.07
-1.61
-1.58
-1.71
-0.71
-0.12
76
17/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
95
15/16
AUSTRALIA
AUS
0.41
0.37
0.41
0.22
0.18
-0.32
-0.73
-0.50
109
16/16
96
15/15
NORWAY
NOR
1.53
1.59
1.13
1.26
0.99
0.78
-0.75
-0.21
84
10/15
WESTERN EUROPE
97
16/16
MONGOLIA
MNG
-0.08
-0.48
0.15
-0.02
-0.71
-1.17
-1.09
-0.46
108
15/16
98
14/14
ALGERIA
DZA
-0.01
-0.39
-0.26
0.50
-0.81
-1.21
-1.20
-0.40
102
12/14
99
22/22
MAURITANIA
MRT
0.40
0.23
-0.12
-1.21
-1.01
-1.91
-2.31
-0.89
123
24/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
ARE
-3.61
0.53
-0.02
-0.11
-0.08
74
9/14
AZERBAIJAN
AZE
0.37
-1.22
-1.60
125
26/6
BANGLADESH
BGD
-0.99
-0.89
0.11
58
3/3
SOUTH ASIA
BIH
0.52
0.60
0.08
61
13/6
BELARUS
BLR
0.53
1.12
0.59
14
1/6
0.03
-0.62
BOTSWANA
BWA
CZECH REPUBLIC
CZE
1.52
-0.62
1.63
0.10
59
11/6
GERMANY
DEU
2.18
1.98
-0.20
82
8/15
WESTERN EUROPE
ESTONIA
EST
0.55
0.79
0.24
45
7/6
GEORGIA
GEO
0.48
-0.26
-0.74
120
23/6
CROATIA
HRV
0.79
0.99
0.20
49
8/6
KAZAKHSTAN
KAZ
0.21
-0.61
-0.82
122
25/6
KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
KGZ
0.09
-0.24
-0.33
95
19/6
LITHUANIA
LTU
0.42
0.68
0.27
44
6/6
LATVIA
LVA
0.22
0.59
0.37
28
4/6
MOLDOVA
MDA
0.11
0.27
0.15
54
10/6
MACEDONIA, FYR
MKD
0.01
-0.02
-0.02
68
16/6
MALAWI
MWI
-1.31
-1.02
0.28
41
12/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
NAMIBIA
NAM
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
RUS
-0.36
100
20/6
SERBIA
SRB
SLOVAK REPUBLIC
SVK
1.33
1.38
0.05
62
14/6
SLOVENIA
SVN
1.43
1.52
0.09
60
12/6
TAJIKISTAN
TJK
-0.24
-1.05
-0.81
121
24/6
TURKMENISTAN
TKM
-0.55
-1.22
-0.67
116
22/6
-0.78
-0.65
-1.39
-0.27
0.69
0.32
0.64
UKRAINE
UKR
0.88
0.56
-0.33
94
18/6
UZBEKISTAN
UZB
-0.15
-0.66
-0.51
110
21/6
YEMEN, REP.
YEM
-1.38
-1.04
0.33
33
3/14
ZIMBABWE
ZWE
-0.56
-0.33
0.23
48
14/22
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
1.15
-0.02
-0.52
map 4 :
Illustrates the spatial dristribution of these changes.
Rank
1
99
figure 4 :
Provides a visual representation of the change in ECI rankings.
1.5
SLV
PAN
KEN
UGA
TZA
MDG
0.5
GIN
MWI
ZWE
ETH
SEN
NIC
CIV
KHM
VNM
YEM
MLI
CMR
PAK GHA
NGA
BGD
PHL LKA
EGY
IDN
MDA
SDN
TJK
MAR
PRY
UKR
MNG
GEO
THA DOM
CHN BLR
ALB JAM
MUS
BIH
MKD
BGR
JOR COL
PER
DZA
IRN
AGO
TKM
HKG
KOR
MEX
LBN
ROU
MYS
CUB
TUR
TUN
ECU
COG
BOL
UZB
LBR
MOZ
-1
HND
ZMB IND
LAO PNG
KGZ
-0.5
GTM
SYR
CRI
ZAF
HUN
LVA
LTU EST
HRV
POL
ARG URY
RUS
BRA CHL
GAB
LBY
CZE
SVK
TTO
OMN
SAU
SGP
PRT
SVN
QAT
JPN
AUT
ARE
GRC
ISR
FIN
NZL
CHE
SWE
ESP FRA
NOR
ITA DEU
DNK
NLD
IRL
GBR USA
CAN
AUS
BEL
KWT
KAZ
MRT
VEN
-1.5
-2 2
10
AZE
10 3
GDP per capita in USD [2009]
10 4
105
RANKING 5:
Finally, ranking 5 sorts countries according to their expected contribution to total world GDP growth in the period to 2020. As expected, the ranking is dominated by large
economies. The United States and China are expected to be
the largest contributors and are followed more distantly by
Japan and India. What is worth highlighting from ranking 5
is the much larger importance of developing countries in the
contribution to global growth. This is highlighted by the very
large difference in incomes per capita between the top four
countries. Consumers from China, India, Brazil and Mexico
will now be a more important part of global economic dynamism, but, given that their lower incomes, their needs are
radically different from those of the richer countries that
have until now led the growth process. This will shape important changes in the demand structure of future growth.
Figure 5 illustrates Ranking 5 by plotting the expected contribution to total GDP of each country as a function of GDP
per capita. Map 5 shows the spatial distribution of Ranking 5.
by region:
In Western Europe the top contributors to world GDP growth
will be Germany (5), France (6) and United Kingdom (7). In
Eastern Europe and Central Asia, Russia (14), Turkey (15) and
Poland (20) are expected to be the leaders. Brazil (8), Mexico (10), Argentina (22) and Colombia (23) will be the largest
Latin American contributors. In the Middle East and North
Africa, the top contributors are Saudi Arabia (18), Egypt (24)
and Israel (33).
In South Asia, the top contributor to world GDP growth
will be India (4) followed distantly by Pakistan (31). South
Africa (28), Nigeria (38) and Angola (62) will lead the regional
ranking in Sub-Saharan Africa.
COUNTRY NAME
ISO CODE
REGION
1/2
UNITED STATES
USA
22.41%
NORTH AMERICA
1/16
CHINA
CHN
14.21%
2/16
JAPAN
JPN
7.11%
1/4
INDIA
IND
4.89%
SOUTH ASIA
1/16
GERMANY
DEU
3.88%
WESTERN EUROPE
2/16
FRANCE
FRA
3.64%
WESTERN EUROPE
3/16
UNITED KINGDOM
GBR
3.33%
WESTERN EUROPE
1/21
BRAZIL
BRA
3.22%
4/16
ITALY
ITA
2.63%
WESTERN EUROPE
10
2/21
MEXICO
MEX
2.44%
11
5/16
SPAIN
ESP
2.12%
WESTERN EUROPE
12
2/2
CANADA
CAN
1.88%
NORTH AMERICA
13
3/16
KOREA, REP.
KOR
1.63%
14
1/27
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
RUS
1.63%
15
2/27
TURKEY
TUR
1.41%
16
4/16
INDONESIA
IDN
1.37%
17
5/16
AUSTRALIA
AUS
1.26%
18
1/16
SAUDI ARABIA
SAU
0.85%
19
6/16
NETHERLANDS
NLD
0.83%
WESTERN EUROPE
20
3/27
POLAND
POL
0.75%
21
6/16
THAILAND
THA
0.71%
22
3/21
ARGENTINA
ARG
0.61%
23
4/21
COLOMBIA
COL
0.59%
24
2/16
EGY
0.58%
25
7/16
SWEDEN
SWE
0.58%
WESTERN EUROPE
26
7/16
MALAYSIA
MYS
0.58%
27
8/16
SWITZERLAND
CHE
0.56%
WESTERN EUROPE
28
1/26
SOUTH AFRICA
ZAF
0.55%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
29
9/16
BELGIUM
BEL
0.54%
WESTERN EUROPE
30
8/16
PHILIPPINES
PHL
0.53%
31
2/4
PAKISTAN
PAK
0.48%
SOUTH ASIA
32
5/21
VENEZUELA, RB
VEN
0.48%
33
3/16
ISRAEL
ISR
0.47%
34
10/16
AUSTRIA
AUT
0.46%
WESTERN EUROPE
35
4/16
ARE
0.42%
36
9/16
HKG
0.39%
37
5/16
IRN
0.39%
38
2/26
NIGERIA
NGA
0.38%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
39
4/27
CZECH REPUBLIC
CZE
0.36%
40
11/16
NORWAY
NOR
0.36%
WESTERN EUROPE
41
12/16
GREECE
GRC
0.34%
WESTERN EUROPE
42
13/16
IRELAND
IRL
0.34%
WESTERN EUROPE
43
10/16
SINGAPORE
SGP
0.34%
COUNTRY NAME
ISO CODE
REGION
44
14/16
DENMARK
DNK
0.32%
WESTERN EUROPE
45
15/16
FINLAND
FIN
0.30%
WESTERN EUROPE
46
5/27
ROMANIA
ROU
0.29%
47
16/16
PORTUGAL
PRT
0.28%
WESTERN EUROPE
48
6/21
CHILE
CHL
0.26%
49
11/16
VIETNAM
VNM
0.26%
50
6/16
KUWAIT
KWT
0.26%
51
7/21
PERU
PER
0.24%
52
6/27
HUNGARY
HUN
0.23%
53
12/16
NEW ZEALAND
NZL
0.21%
54
7/27
UKRAINE
UKR
0.20%
55
7/16
ALGERIA
DZA
0.20%
56
3/4
BANGLADESH
BGD
0.19%
SOUTH ASIA
57
8/16
MOROCCO
MAR
0.18%
58
8/27
KAZAKHSTAN
KAZ
0.18%
59
9/16
QATAR
QAT
0.18%
60
9/27
SLOVAK REPUBLIC
SVK
0.16%
61
10/16
SYR
0.14%
62
3/26
ANGOLA
AGO
0.14%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
63
8/21
GUATEMALA
GTM
0.13%
64
4/26
KENYA
KEN
0.12%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
65
9/21
ECUADOR
ECU
0.11%
66
10/21
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
DOM
0.11%
67
10/27
BELARUS
BLR
0.10%
68
11/16
TUNISIA
TUN
0.10%
69
11/27
CROATIA
HRV
0.09%
70
4/4
SRI LANKA
LKA
0.09%
SOUTH ASIA
71
5/26
TANZANIA
TZA
0.09%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
72
6/26
SUDAN
SDN
0.09%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
73
12/16
JORDAN
JOR
0.08%
74
13/16
OMAN
OMN
0.08%
75
14/16
YEMEN, REP.
YEM
0.08%
76
7/26
ETHIOPIA
ETH
0.08%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
77
12/27
SERBIA
SRB
0.08%
78
13/27
SLOVENIA
SVN
0.08%
79
11/21
PANAMA
PAN
0.08%
80
15/16
LEBANON
LBN
0.07%
81
12/21
COSTA RICA
CRI
0.07%
82
13/21
CUBA
CUB
0.07%
83
14/27
UZBEKISTAN
UZB
0.07%
84
8/26
UGANDA
UGA
0.07%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
85
16/16
LIBYA
LBY
0,07%
86
9/26
GHANA
GHA
0.07%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
COUNTRY NAME
ISO CODE
REGION
87
15/27
BULGARIA
BGR
0.07%
88
10/26
CTE D'IVOIRE
CIV
0.06%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
89
16/27
AZERBAIJAN
AZE
0.05%
90
14/21
URUGUAY
URY
0.05%
91
11/26
SENEGAL
SEN
0.05%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
92
17/27
LITHUANIA
LTU
0.05%
93
15/21
EL SALVADOR
SLV
0.05%
94
12/26
ZAMBIA
ZMB
0.04%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
95
13/26
CAMEROON
CMR
0.04%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
96
16/21
HONDURAS
HND
0.04%
97
17/21
BOLIVIA
BOL
0.04%
98
18/21
PARAGUAY
PRY
0.04%
99
14/26
MADAGASCAR
MDG
0.03%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
100
18/27
BIH
0.03%
101
19/27
LATVIA
LVA
0.03%
102
20/27
TURKMENISTAN
TKM
0.03%
103
15/26
MALI
MLI
0.03%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
104
21/27
ESTONIA
EST
0.03%
105
16/26
MOZAMBIQUE
MOZ
0.03%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
106
13/16
CAMBODIA
KHM
0.02%
107
17/26
NAMIBIA
NAM
0.02%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
108
22/27
ALBANIA
ALB
0.02%
109
18/26
ZIMBABWE
ZWE
0.02%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
110
19/21
TTO
0.02%
111
19/26
BOTSWANA
BWA
0.02%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
112
20/26
GABON
GAB
0.02%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
113
20/21
JAMAICA
JAM
0.02%
114
21/26
MALAWI
MWI
0.02%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
115
22/26
CONGO, REP.
COG
0.01%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
116
23/27
MACEDONIA, FYR
MKD
0.01%
117
21/21
NICARAGUA
NIC
0.01%
118
14/16
PNG
0.01%
119
24/27
KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
KGZ
0.01%
120
23/26
MAURITIUS
MUS
0.01%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
121
15/16
LAO PDR
LAO
0.01%
122
25/27
GEORGIA
GEO
0.01%
123
26/27
MOLDOVA
MDA
0.01%
124
27/27
TAJIKISTAN
TJK
0.01%
125
24/26
GUINEA
GIN
0.01%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
126
16/16
MONGOLIA
MNG
0.01%
127
25/26
MAURITANIA
MRT
0.00%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
128
26/26
LIBERIA
LBR
0.00%
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
map 5 :
Shows the spatial distribution of Ranking 5.
Rank
1
128
figure 5 :
Illustrates Ranking 5 by plotting the expected contribuyion to total GDP of each country as a fuction of GDP per capita.
100%
USA
CHN
10%
JPN
IND
DEU
GBR FRA
ITA
ESP
CAN
BRA
MEX
RUS
TUR
IDN
1%
PAK
PHL
THA
EGY
VNM
BGD
0.1%
TZA
UGA
ETH
LBR
MOZ
MDG
MWI
0.01%
10 2
ZWE
GIN
AUS
SAU
NLD
SWE
CHE
BEL
VEN
ISR
AUT
ARE
HKG
CZE
NOR
GRC SGP
IRL
FIN DNK
ROU CHL
PRT
KWT
HUN
NZL
KAZ
QAT
SVK
ARG
COL
ZAF MYS
IRN
NGA
KOR
POL
PER
UKR
DZA
MAR
SYR
AGO
KEN
GTM ECU DOM
BLR
TUN
YEM SDN
LKA
HRV
JOR SRB PAN
OMN
GHA
CUB CRIBGR LBN LBY
UZB
MRT
CIV
SLV
AZE
URY LTU
SEN
BOL
HND
ZMB
PRY
CMR
MLI
LVA EST
TKM BIH
KHM
LAO NIC MNG
MDA
TJK KGZ PNG
ALB
COG
GEO
NAM
JAM
MKD
BWA
GAB
SVN
TTO
MUS
10 3
10 4
GDP per capita in USD [2009]
10 5
PA R T 3
COUNTRY PAGES
1 . I de n tity :
Here we identify the country
using its name and flag.
5 . T h e P roduct S pace :
This section shows the position of a country in the
product space. The product space is the network
summarizing global similarities in the productive
knowhow required by products (see Chapter
5). Nodes represent products and are colored
according to communities using the color legend
that can be found at the top right of the next page.
Node size is proportional to global trade in that
product and links connect products that tend to
be exported by the same countries (see Technical
Box 5.1). The footprint of a country on the product
space is indicated using square nodes with thick
black outlines. These are the goods that the
country exports with RCA>1 (see Chapter 2).
2 . M ai n I n dicators :
This section shows the Economic Complexity Index
(ECI) for the year 2008 and the expected average
annualized growth for the 2009-2020 period.
The first number shows the value of the indicator.
Numbers in parenthesis show the global ranking
and the regional ranking for the country.
brazil
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.244 / (52/4)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
3
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
2.5
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.015
Distance
2008
0.02
0.025
0.03
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
1k
800
600
400
200
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
3 . T raditio n al i n dicators :
This section shows a small set of indicators that
can be used to put the country in context. For each
indicator, the first number shows its value and
the numbers in parenthesis show the countrys
corresponding global and regional ranking.
The region the country belongs to is shown to
the right of the indicators.
1968
2631 (8.1%)
0440
(3.7%)
0577
(1.2%)
2654
(1.2%)
0422
0813
(2.2%)
0612
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7821
(1.6%)
7132
7431 (0.61%)
7162 (0.6%)
0149 0111
2681
0115
2120
0723 0611
(1.8%) (1.5%)
0712
(1.3%)
4314 0573 0585
7234 (1.2%)
Construction &
mining machinery
6725 (2.9%)
Iron/steel billets
Oil
Mining
Coal
Precious Stones
Garments
Food Processing
Not classified
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Misc. Agriculture
2815 (5.5%)
2816
(2.4%)
2517
(2%)
2873
6725 (3.2%)
6673
6727 (1.7%)
6712 (1.5%)
2879
6725
6841 (3.7%)
4232 1212 (1.7%) 0723
0577
(0.88%)
0721 0611 0811
8510 (4.8%)
2222 (3.1%)
6412
6415
6745
6732
(1.1%)
2483
6513 6871
7224
6251
7842
7139
7259
7138
7132
6747 7621
2814
0111
(1.4%)
0149 6114
(1.2%)
2919
0360
6342
0712
(1.1%)
5831
(0.88%)
0585 (4.7%)
7212
7842
7923
0813 (3.1%) Oilcake
7643 (1.6%)
Television & radio
transmitters
6731
7841
7169
0711 (8.6%)
6649
2877
(1.7%)
5513
6413
2472
4245
(2%)
2222
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0813 (8.2%)
2482 (4.6%)
0360
0721
(2.7%)
1988
0711 (47%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Agrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Ships
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Metal products
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
0612 (1.3%)
Refined sugar
2877
6841 (1.4%)
Unwrought aluminium
& aluminium alloys
2517 (2.7%) Chemical
wood pulp, soda or
sulphate
0440 (1%)
2631
2873 (1.3%)
Aluminium ore
2782
6415
2871
(0.85%)
Copper
5112
0224
5161
0585 (1.5%)
5121 (1.8%)
Fruit or
Acyclic alcohols
vegetable juices & derivatives
5221
8510 (1.3%)
Footwear
5146
0712
2483
(0.65%)
6353
6624
6342
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5831
5629
6613
8 . E xport T reemaps :
This section shows treemaps summarizing the
composition of a countrys exports for the years
1968, 1988 and 2008. The total area represents
100% of the countrys exports, whereas the
smaller areas represent the share of each product.
Products are grouped in communities and colored
accordingly. The first number shows the SITC4 rev2
code for the product. Parenthesis show the share of
trade represented by that good. Name of products
with large export shares are shown for 2008.
For a full list of products see
http://atlas.media.mit.edu
albania
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.087 / (58/19)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.76
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.015
0.02
Distance
2008
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
480
384
288
192
96
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6821 (12%)
0440 (5.4%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
2879 (24%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2879 (19%)
2872 (4.6%)
1223 (5.8%)
3354 (3%)
1222
(1.8%)
2924
(3.2%)
0544 (3%)
0542
2631 (4.4%)
2114 (1.8%)
3354 (14%)
3330 (6.6%)
2789 (3.7%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2681
(1%)
5232
(1.7%)
2116
(1.2%)
0113
6521
(1.9%)
6592 (1.5%)
6612 (1.3%)
2008
0577
(0.81%)
2922
(0.79%) 1222
0360
0575
5322
3352
8960
6716 (15%)
2815
(1%)
3353
(1%)
6612
0545 (6.9%)
2890
6822 (2.8%)
1212
0752
0412
4235
(1.7%)
0577
5232 (5.1%)
0579
0561
6712 (3.1%)
1124
6822
(1.3%) (1.2%)
6513 (1.3%)
7731
(1.2%)
2882
(1.1%)
2789
(0.99%)
1211
(1.6%)
8429
(1.1%)
8431
(1%)
8997
0012
8211
(0.99%)
7731
7169 (0.97%)
Parts of
rotating
electric plants
8743
N.E.S.
(0.64%)
2871
(1.8%)
7161
6123 (8.5%) Non-metal & non-abestos footwear material
7921
7144
6612 (1.6%)
Cement
2731
6733
6732 (5.7%) Iron/steel rods
8463 (1.1%)
8439 (1.1%)
Other
women
outerwear
8429
8471
6114
8422
6354
8219
8472
6842
(0.58%)
8211
3510
2483
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6624
8931
5629
(0.54%)
algeria
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.213 / (114 / 13)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.987
0.988
0.989
0.99
0.991
0.992
0.993
0.994
-0.02
Distance
2008
0.02
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
2.3 k
1.8 k
1.3 k
920
460
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
3330 (57%)
1121 (8.5%)
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
3330 (84%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 34 M / (33/3)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 79 B / (40/5)
3413 (36%)
6727
6749
6712
7283
0579 0565
(1.3%)
2713
3345
0571
(2.1%)
2116
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0812
3352
2820
0541
7752
6592
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
angola
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.793 / (127 / 25)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.9945
0.995
0.9955
0.996
0.9965
0.997
0.9975
-0.02
Distance
2008
0.02
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
3.6 k
2.8 k
2.1 k
1.4 k
720
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2654 (3.6%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
3330 (89%)
6673 (22%)
2631 (3.2%)
0440 (4.3%)
0548
2008
0542 2924
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0814
(1.6%)
0721
6575
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6672
(7.5%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0711 (51%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 18 M / (52/13)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 65 B / (47/3)
argentina
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.106 / (57 / 7)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.02
0.025
Distance
2008
0.03
0.035
0.04
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
1.8 k
1.4 k
1k
720
360
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0011 (2.4%)
0440 (13%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0111 (3.9%)
4236 (4.2%)
0149 (9.5%)
4236 (1.6%)
0116
(1.3%)
4113
2681 (5.5%)
2682
(3.2%)
2111 (3.9%)
0812 (3.3%)
6114
2008
2116
0452
(1.5%)
0814 5322
(1.6%)
2911
0612
0412 (4%)
0430
4235 6782
6732
0546 7512
2876
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
0344
(1.3%)
0115
(0.9%)
0616
0342
2682
2919 (1.5%)
0360
(1.2%)
0343
2681
(1.5%)
4232 (3.8%)
6512
0459 (2.9%)
0741
8921 0579
(0.93%)
0545
0149 (2.5%)
6114 (5.2%)
5922
2919
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0574 (4.4%)
4234
(1.2%)
2222 (6.7%)
2120
6512
4241 (1.8%)
0141
(1.3%)
0440 (4.7%)
0115 (2.1%)
0112
(1.3%)
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
0813 (16%)
0813 (5.9%)
Tropical agric.
1988
0111 (12%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 40 M / (30/4)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 70 B / (44/4)
0459
(1.9%)
2631
(1.9%)
2687
0579 0585
(1.4%)
6841 (2.2%)
6842
8481
2472
6123
0114
0616
0116
0360 (1.1%)
7849 (2.3%) Other
vehicles parts
7239 (1.9%)
Bulldozers,
angledozers &
levellers parts
N.E.S.
6782
(0.74%)
0344
5989 (1.9%)
Chemical
products
5839
0488
0812
0482
0572
0459
0422
2221
1212
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5913
(0.79%)
5530
(0.64%)
0819
5831
(0.58%)
0579 (0.92%)
0585
4311
0460
(0.8%)
1121 (1.2%)
Wine
0430
0240
7924
0342
7831
6251
0224 (0.89%)
0914
australia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.321 / (79 / 12)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
3
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
2.5
22% of WT
3
2.5
2008
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.9
0.01
0.02
Distance
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
8.8 k
7k
5.2 k
3.5 k
1.7 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2875
2874
0224 0240
(0.94%)
5922 6749
0116 0149 2116 (2.5%) 2111 0360 6727
(1.6%)
2919
4113
6731
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2815 (6.9%)
2681 (13%)
0111 (6%)
0012
(0.93%)
0112
(0.91%)
4113
5225 (2.3%)
2877
0460
(1.5%)
2873 (4.7%)
6861
6673 2872
0612 0574
0488 0452
0482
6822 0589 (2.4%) 9610
(1.4%)
6712
2820
0579
6851
2879
(1.6%)
6821
0412 (4.1%)
2783
2874
0372
3345 2460
(1.4%)
6842
8822
5249
2871
2872 (1.4%) 5225
2875
0611 (2.4%)
2631
(1.1%)
0430
0575
0112 (0.82%)
0116
0224 (0.82%)
3413 (6.2%) liquified hydrocarbons
0240
0360
2875
(0.76%)
6851
0430 (0.75%)
8720
2871 (2.4%)
Copper
2877
(1.2%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
6861 2873
6512
(0.92%) 0611 (4.5%)
2686
EXPORT
TREEMAP
3222 (16%)
2879
(2.3%)
2876
6811
(1.5%)
0111 (9.9%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
1988
2681 (32%)
2008
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 21 M / (46/9)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 189 B / (22/7)
6861
(0.62%)
2860
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
8996
6832
2460 (0.68%)
2820
austria
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.807 / (5/4)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
2008
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
2.5
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
1.5
0.5
1.5
0.5
0
0.54
0.56
0.58
0.6
0.62
-0.07
0.64
-0.065
2008
-0.06
-0.055
-0.05
-0.045
-0.04
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
21 k
16.8 k
12.6 k
8.4 k
4.2 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6623 (2.6%)
8472 (2.6%)
6770 8731
7851
6727 (2.8%)
8812 6631 7212
8947 7788
6577
6822 6783 (1.4%) (1.2%)
6782
6991 6992 6716
(1.2%)
6760
7283
8124
6733
6745
7911
2482 (6.4%)
2483 (3.5%)
6842 6412
6415
(1.5%) (3.3%)
(1.4%)
8471
6732 (3.5%)
6996 6341
6416 6618
6953
6924
(1.1%)
6343
8960
7731
6911
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0118
6658
7852 8998
(1.2%)
8842
8993
6960
6421
8928
2665
7284 (2.5%)
Specialized industry
machinery & parts
N.E.S
7721 (1.8%)
Switchboards,
relays & fuses
7712
(0.84%)
7788
(0.74%)
8942
(0.82%)
7361
7449
7436 7491
6842 (1.9%)
8124 7761
6749
8983 7712
6623
(1%)
6732
6343
7731
8219
6911
7259 8743
6991
(1.2%)
7442 (1.6%)
Lifting &
loading
machinery
7162 (1.1%)
7239
AC electric
(0.89%)
motors &
generators
7452 7281 6782
7491
6415
(1.7%)
6633
5416
8939
(1.1%)
6411
6652
8960
5839 8742
6745 6783
(0.86%)
5148
6822 6727
8510
6744 6716 (1.4%)
6252
7915 6560
6413
8842
(1%)
3510 (1.4%)
2671
6412 (2.9%)
6997
6428
6353
5834 0111
5621 0011
6517
6114
6421
0585
0484
6770
7361
7283
7436
6785
7763
(0.69%)
8124
6842 (1.6%)
Worked
aluminium &
aluminium
alloys
8219 (1.2%)
Furniture parts
N.E.S.
7499
7272
7188
7832
7758
7842
7413
7259
6418
6911
6353 (1.2%)
Builders` carpentry
& joinery
6760
7212
7415
6744
6746 (0.77%)
7711
7731 (0.84%)
6997 (0.78%)
6924
7915
6412
6413
6633
8211
6416
1110 (1.4%)
Non-alcoholic
beverages N.E.S.
8939 (1.1%)
Miscellaneous
articles of plastic
0980
(0.6%)
0223
6421
(0.58%)
6114
5831
(0.84%)
2820
(0.5%)
8931
8972
8928
6745
6415
6973
5821
6732
6343
8121
7783
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
2482 (2.7%)
7431
7643 (1.1%)
6251
7452
7493 7272
7416
7821 (1.8%)
Trucks & vans
8972
6782
(1.3%)
7611
(1.8%)
7284 (2.5%)
6841 6998
(1.3%)
2789
6413
6517
(0.8%)
6424
8921 2671 (1.6%) 5621
(1%)
(0.9%)
5335
6419 5137
(0.95%)
0011 (2.9%) 6512
2782 (1.4%)
0240
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7132 (4.3%)
8510 (2.4%)
2518
6633
Tropical agric.
1988
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
5839
6210
8742
5832
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6998
6821
0113
azerbaijan
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.223 / (117/27)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.955
0.96
0.965
0.97
0.975
0.98
0.985
Distance
2008
0.02
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
5.5 k
4.4 k
3.3 k
2.2 k
1.1 k
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6592 (8.5%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
3330 (93%)
6521 (5.3%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
2001
2631 (61%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2634
0577
1211
6513 (2.9%)
1222
6841 (3.8%)
5623
(0.94%)
5113
7239
2820 (2.1%)
2882 (3.1%)
2116
6821 (1.6%) 6861
0571
2008
0572
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2320
8973
2112
2681
7415
(1.2%)
8960
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
7832
5831
bangladesh
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.887 / (103/4)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.86
0.88
0.9
0.92
0.94
0.96
0.01
Distance
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
100
80
60
40
20
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6513 (8.4%)
6545 (9.9%)
6581 (8.4%)
0360 (14%)
8423 (3%)
8463
(2.3%)
6118 (3.7%)
0422 (3.9%)
2634
(1.3%)
6113
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6114 2919
0360
(1.3%)
0350 8947
(0.76%)
2911
2681 2682
8462 (3.1%)
2111
0118
0342
0350
6545 (8.5%)
8459
(1%)
6113 (3.1%)
8431
2633
8435 (3.9%)
Mining
6114 (5.3%)
6116
(3.3%)
6581 (4.1%)
Oil
8439 (8.1%)
6592
(1.1%)
8510
Coal
6549
2631 (15%)
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8441 (15%)
6521 (4.6%)
6522 (4%)
Tropical agric.
1988
2640 (26%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2640 (4.6%)
5621
(2.5%)
0741 (2.1%)
6519
0545
8429 (2.2%)
Other men
outerwear
0360 (2.8%)
Fresh, chilled,
frozen or salted
crustaceans &
molluscs
8435
(1.7%)
Blouses
6114 (1.3%)
Bovine & equine
leather
8434
6581
8465
6582
8431
8484
(0.76%)
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
8452
(0.72%)
5621
belarus
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.116 / (21/5)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
3
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
1.5
0.5
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
0.68
0.7
0.72
0.74
0.76
0.78
-0.02
0.8
2008
-0.01
0.01
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
3.4 k
2.7 k
2k
1.3 k
680
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
5156 (2%)
6841 (9.1%)
6672
(2.8%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6821
(1.8%)
6725 (2.2%)
5112
5621 (5.8%)
2882
2482 (2.7%)
5831
5629
8421
8465
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6544
2890 5225
8219 2665 (6.7%)
(1.4%)
6259 6770
6931
5922
(1.5%)
6114
(1.1%)
0224
6342
2471
7752
6732
6618
6416
6351
6643
5981
0011
0372
(0.97%) (0.77%)
2631
5823 (2.2%) 3224 0546
2820
0579
2672
7832 (2.2%)
Tractors for
semi-trailers
7132
(0.98%)
Internal
combustion
engines
7822 for
motor
vehicles
7212 (1.3%)
Harvesting &
threshing
machines
7234 (1%)
Construction &
mining
7442machinery7831
6940
8219
(2.3%)
6252 6644
6633
6770 7711 6624 2482 6353
6251 6572
(1.3%)
6342
7611 8710
7162 7758
(0.85%)
6973 7861
6940 7422
8124 (1%) (0.98%)
6725
7852
6652
6415
5621 5334
6419 6546 0224 (1.3%) 0230 2665
(1.7%)
(1.5%)
5922
0240
0113 0251 6114 5823
5831 (1.7%) 5156
(0.95%)
(1.2%)
3352
6651
0111
8431 8510
(1.2%) (1.1%)
8465
8459
6514 (1.8%) 6531
(1.1%)
2666
6522
6517
8931
6544
1124
0620
0612
(1.7%)
1123
7731 (1.1%)
Electric wire
6624
6973
6633 (0.99%)
7861
6770 (1.1%) 7711
Not
insulated
iron/steel
wire
6725 (2.9%) Iron/steel
billets
6252
6644
8219 (2%)
Furniture parts
N.E.S.
7752 (1.9%)
Refrigerators &
freezers
6353
8211
0240 (2.5%)
Cheese & curd
0224 (2.3%)
6514
Preserved,
(0.78%)
concentrated or
sweetened milk & 2666
cream
0223
6359
6416
2472
2471
6996
6911
7188
6343
6531
8465
2783
5156 (0.86%)
6419
5831
(0.97%)
Polyethylene
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
7431
5623 (20%) Potassic fertilizers
Tobacco
7224 (4%)
5138 (1.5%)
8720 5148
7821 (7.4%)
7224 (7.2%)
Tropical agric.
2001
5623 (13%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
0111 (1.4%)
6546
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0113
0371
5823
0149
0142
2665 (0.73%)
0612
(0.96%)
Refined sugar
8931 (1%)
6114
belgium
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.085 / (22/11)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-0.5
0.59
0.6
0.61
0.62
0.63
0.64
-0.05
0.65
-0.04
2008
-0.03
-0.02
-0.01
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
45 k
36 k
27 k
18 k
9k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6746 (4.6%)
7810 (9.7%)
8822 (2.4%)
5155
6749
(1.2%)
6747
6770 (1.6%)
2008
6672 (6.3%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
5629
(1.2%)
5232
3345
6644
6998
6911
6633
6924
6412
0980
6935 2820 2926
6651 6932
0482
7821
(1.5%)
5113
5156
7842
8121
5417
(1.4%)
5148
5824
5829
5331
5146
5161
5839
7611
6644
7781
8939 5831
(1.8%)
6573
2665
5335
5137
5111
5145
7821 (1.1%)
8996
0111
0149
5832
(1%)
5834
5629
Mining
Oil
Coal
0484
0011
6595 (1.6%) 5823
5621
5913 5833
7832 (0.8%)
6514
6516
6539
6594 6596
8423
5123
7431
6749 (1.6%)
Other worked
iron/steel sheets
6746 (1.1%)
6822
6744 (0.98%)
6733
7784
7783
7842
6727 (1.8%)
Iron/steel coils
7493
7234 (1.1%)
7851
7781
2331
7436
5831 (1.9%)
Polyethylene
6954
8124
6842 (0.7%)
6428
8510 (1.1%)
Footwear
6911
5832
6812
5913
8423
3352
0730
5419
5621
5334
5629
0546
8931
6421
2820
1123
0980
0579
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6595
0113
(0.52%)
5121
0585
0484
8310
6821
5833
5542
8219
(0.81%)
6911
8211 3510
6343 6633
6924
6649
6412
8960
5232
0819
6842
(1.6%)
6745
6770 6931
5542 8921
5839 5989
5824
5530
(0.59%)
Precious Stones
5156 (1.8%)
5416 (1.8%)
Heterocyclic
Glycosides &
compound; nucleic vaccines
acids
8939
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
6727
(2.2%)
7234 7783
(1.3%)
7449
7431 7493
6418
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
6618
0114 0545
0730
6130
0565 0484
0013
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7810 (13%)
6732 (4%)
5137
6419 5542
5621 6649
(0.85%) 6424 0819
6643
8922 5335
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
1988
6733 (4.9%)
6822
(2.4%)
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 11 M / (66/8)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 477 B / (8/5)
8928
0224
0573
bolivia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.879 / (101/20)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.01
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
710
568
426
284
142
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2879 (14%)
0711
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
2876 (50%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
3414 (41%)
2875 (10%)
2876 (5.8%)
0711 (3.7%)
0813
(1.3%)
2874 (2.2%)
0612
(1.7%)
2222 0577
(1.3%)
2320
6871 (7.3%)
2871 (4.1%)
0612
3330 (13%)
9710 (9.1%)
0577
2879
(4.2%)
2483 (4%)
6118
2874 (7.4%)
6116
6114
2120
2111
2890 (2.6%)
2741
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
4236 (1.8%)
Sunflower seed oil
2222
2874 (2.7%) Lead ore
2876 (0.87%)
Tin
9710 (2.2%)
Gold,
non-monetary
8973 (1.1%)
Precious
jewellery
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2239
2224
0577 (1.4%)
Edible nuts
0612
0542
0711
6871 (3.7%) Unwrought tin & alloys
2483 (0.87%)
6534
6513
5121
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2
2008
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.72
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.005
Distance
2008
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
1.3 k
1k
780
520
260
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8510 (5.7%)
8946 (6.1%)
7783 (3.9%)
7436 (5.8%)
7493
(1.8%)
6716
(2.1%)
8435
(2.3%)
8434 (3.1%)
8211 (2.3%)
8451 8424 8462
(1%)
8452 8481 2483 (1.9%)
8459
6516 (2.3%)
2008
6513 (1.7%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8441
(2.2%)
6589
6521 6517
6536
8219
(1.2%)
8922 (5%)
6841 (19%)
2873
6732 (1.6%)
3510 (1.5%)
6353
2450
2472
1121 (3%) 6841
(1.2%)
2783
6911 6842
2882
2924 (2.4%)
8510 (6.7%)
0118
6123 (3%)
5225
3223
2882
6954
(1%)
7436
8439 (3%)
0819 (1.7%)
2783
8946 7783 2111 (2.8%)
7499 6940
0484 5232
0561
6935 1212
6733
6991
(0.69%)
2882 (1.2%)
Other
non-ferrous
base metals
6353
(1.4%)
6912
7752
7491
6417
6731 (2.5%)
Iron/steel wire rod
7449
8439 (1%)
Other women
outerwear
6997
8212
2450
2460
2873 (2.6%) Aluminium
ore
6794
2815 (1%) Not
agglomerated
iron ore
7924 (1.3%)
6770
Aircrafts of more
than 15 tons
8939
6424
(0.98%)
Miscellaneous
articles
of
5621
5138
plastic
6935 (2.2%) Gauze & 2820 (0.98%)
netting
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
7169
7239
6428
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
8219
(2.4%)
6733
6341
6652 (3.1%)
Misc. Agriculture
8211 (4.8%)
7643 (1.7%)
Fruit
2482 (5.3%)
6123 (3.9%) 8431
(3.6%)
Tobacco
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2483 (9%)
6822 (2.6%)
7284
(1.7%)
Tropical agric.
2001
8439 (12%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2111
8423
8431
6584
8424
6129
0223
0149
6114
0484
8931
4236
botswana
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.620 / (94/9)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
-1
-2
Distance
2008
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
3k
2.4 k
1.8 k
1.2 k
600
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2001
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2871 0111
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
2005
6672 (88%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
6672 (78%)
2871 (11%)
8451
(1.8%)
8435
8439 8423
8459
2111
7832
(1.8%)
7832
0111
(1.7%)
5232
2783
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8462
9710
2783
5232 0620
8451 (1.4%)
Knitted jerseys,
pullovers &
cardigans
8439 (1.1%)
8459
8423
8463
8435
8441
0111 (2%) Bovine
meat
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
7861
brazil
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.244 / (52/4)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
3
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
2.5
22% of WT
3
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.76
0.77
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.015
Distance
2008
0.02
0.025
0.03
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
1k
800
600
400
200
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2631 (8.1%)
0440
(3.7%)
0577
(1.2%)
2654
(1.2%)
0422
0813
(2.2%)
0612
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7821
(1.6%)
7132
7431 (0.61%)
7162 (0.6%)
0149 0111
2681
0115
2120
0723 0611
(1.8%) (1.5%)
0712
(1.3%)
4314 0573 0585
7234 (1.2%)
Construction &
mining machinery
6725 (2.9%)
Iron/steel billets
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Fruit
2815 (5.5%)
2816
(2.4%)
2517
(2%)
2873
2222 (3.1%)
6725 (3.2%)
6673
2879
6725
6732
(1.1%)
2483
6841 (3.7%)
6412
6415
6745
6513 6871
7224
6251
7842
7139
7259
7138
7132
6747 7621
2814
0111
(1.4%)
0149 6114
(1.2%)
2919
0360
6342
0712
(1.1%)
5831
(0.88%)
0585 (4.7%)
7212
7842
7923
0813 (3.1%) Oilcake
7643 (1.6%)
Television & radio
transmitters
6731
0711 (8.6%)
7841
7169
6649
2877
(1.7%)
5513
6413
2472
4245
(2%)
2222
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0813 (8.2%)
2482 (4.6%)
0360
0721
(2.7%)
1988
0711 (47%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
0612 (1.3%)
Refined sugar
2877
6841 (1.4%)
Unwrought aluminium
& aluminium alloys
2517 (2.7%) Chemical
wood pulp, soda or
sulphate
0440 (1%)
2631
2873 (1.3%)
Aluminium ore
2782
6415
2871
(0.85%)
Copper
5112
0224
5161
0585 (1.5%)
5121 (1.8%)
Fruit or
Acyclic alcohols
vegetable juices & derivatives
5221
8510 (1.3%)
Footwear
5146
0712
2483
(0.65%)
6353
6624
6342
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5831
5629
6613
bulgaria
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.587 / (40/14)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
1.5
0.5
-0.5
-0.5
0.62
0.64
0.66
0.68
0.7
0.72
0.74
Distance
2008
10
Opportunity Gain
15
x 10
-3
Evolution of
export composition
3k
2.4 k
1.8 k
1.2 k
600
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0113 (3.9%)
0589
(2.2%)
6861 (4.1%)
6811
(1.5%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0012 (5%)
0114 (2.1%)
0118
0913
0015
0013
0112
0440 (4%)
4236
(2.8%)
0544 (2.7%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6725 (4.5%)
0542
6727
(1.3%)
7841 (6.4%)
7721
(2%)
5621 (4.1%)
5417 (1.6%)
7361 (1.9%)
7442 (6.7%)
6612
6522 (1.3%)
5148
5232
(0.98%) (1.3%)
5169
5413
7915
(1.2%)
6712 6716
2483
5224
7781
7522 (2.1%)
2519
2665 (1.4%)
7511
7528 (1.6%)
7512
8983
7525
7781
7518
7239
7441
7361
7721 (1.3%)
Switchboards, relays
& fuses
8439 (1.4%)
7188 (1.1%)
8451
(0.92%)
6822 (2.4%)
6744 (2.2%)
Worked copper & Iron/steel
copper alloys
>=4.75mm tick
sheets
8510
0545
(1%)
0565
0579
5121
8421
(1%)
8435 8431
8459
8441
2882
8462
6861 6821
6851
8219
8998 2820
3510
7711
8462 (1%)
8424
6851
(1.1%)
2882
(0.59%)
8211 (0.75%)
7752 (1.1%)
8219 (0.88%)
6652
6514
8310
6911
6413
5832
8212
2517
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0612
6516
8745 (0.82%)
0484 (1%)
5148
1121
8822
7852
1211 (1.2%)
Unstripped
tobacco
8472
5232 (1.3%)
Inorganic acids
metallic salts &
peroxysalts
5622
5222
5831
(0.61%)
2226
8434
8422 (0.64%)
2871
8122
6842 (1.7%) Worked
aluminium & aluminium
alloys
0430 (0.78%)
6123 (0.65%)
7611
(0.83%)
Color T.V.
8435
7781 (1.1%)
6783
1121 (3.2%)
7442
6727 (0.98%)
Iron/steel coils
Mining
7441 (7%)
6821 (2.9%)
2613 (1.2%)
2008
6851 (2.3%)
0583 0579
(0.84%)
1121 0546 6841 (1.8%)
Oil
0819 5530
0545 (1.7%)
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0011 (5.2%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
5530
(0.67%)
0819
8931
(0.56%)
0589
0586
0114
5621
0240
0565
6512
(0.71%)
6651 (0.67%)
cambodia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.702 / (98/13)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.01
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
300
240
180
120
60
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2320 (24%)
0011 (4%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2320 (39%)
2222 (25%)
2472 (13%)
2111
2471 (2.5%)
0812 (2.9%)
2929
(2.4%)
2234 (8.2%)
2472
0440 (4.7%) (1.3%)
2239
(1.4%)
0819 (2.7%)
0751 (2.5%)
0421
2008
2223
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2238 (1.7%)
0577 (2.1%)
2924
(0.93%)
2224
8960 (3.6%)
8429 (2.8%)
Other men
outerwear
8439
(0.67%)
7852 (1.1%)
2320
(0.73%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0422 (46%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 15 M / (57/10)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 4.4 B / (102/14)
cameroon
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.403 / (121/20)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.95
0.955
0.96
0.965
0.97
0.975
0.98
Distance
2008
0.02
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
330
264
198
132
66
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0711 (28%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
3330 (42%)
2472 (8.5%)
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0721 (23%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 19 M / (51/12)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 5.1 B / (94/9)
0721 (13%)
0711 (13%)
0723
(2.4%)
6841 (9.3%)
0723 (7.5%)
2320
(2.4%)
0573 (4.4%)
4242
(0.93%)
2472 (8.7%)
2232
(2.1%)
2320 (2.1%)
4242
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0573
(1.4%)
2631 (4.9%)
2631
1211
2483 (2.8%)
6521
2223 2221
0741
0730
(1.2%)
8510
(0.99%)
6841 (6.6%)
6341
(1.2%)
2471 0360
2631
0723 (1.1%)
Cocoa butter &
paste
2472 (3.3%)
Sawlogs & veneer
logs of
non-coniferous
6341 (1.5%)
NULL
6841
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2820
0579
0565
canada
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.571 / (41/2)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2
2008
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.005
0.01
Distance
2008
0.015
0.02
0.025
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
14 k
11.2 k
8.4 k
5.6 k
2.8 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6411 (12%)
6831 (3.1%)
6841 (4.7%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7810 (17%)
6411 (6.7%)
2517 (5.7%)
6841 (3.2%)
6831 (1.3%)
2741
2872 2784
2875 2882
2517 (5.4%)
7842 (6.5%)
6413 6412
2482 (8.4%)
7212
(1.7%)
6822
(1%)
6783
2008
6994
6359
2483
7928 (1.8%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2741
2518 2516
6821 (3.3%)
7821 (3.4%)
5623
(1.2%)
2875
(1.3%)
2874
2331
0360 2120 0430
0113
7849 (7%)
7132
(1.7%)
5225
6861
2879
(1%)
5629 5221 1124 (1.9%)
0011
6412
(1.2%)
6851
2871
(1.5%)
0460
7821 (5.5%)
7841
2518
6413
2482 (6%)
7139
7831
7832
6251
6991
7641
6745
(0.91%)
5623
(1.5%)
2471
6997
5112
5249
0412
(2.4%)
6861 2815
3414 (2.3%)
2226
0360
0411
0344
6811
9710 5225
(0.88%)
5121
7821
7924
(1.1%)
7923
7832
2482 (1.5%)
Worked wood of
coniferous
6842
2741
(0.59%)
6841 (2.2%)
Unwrought
aluminium &
aluminium alloys
6821 (0.86%)
2871
(0.54%)
6911
5623 (1.9%)
Potassic fertilizers
2816
8211
3510
(1.1%)
8219
7499
6861
6899
7144
6783
7442
6353
6411 (1.3%)
Newsprint
6428
2519
6343
6415
6413
8931
0980
0730
5839
(0.83%)
8939
(0.65%)
0484
0546
5112
5831
(0.93%)
Polyethylene
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
7148
7436
7239
5241
(0.59%)
1124
0371
0113
5831
7132
6831
5241
6821
(0.88%)
2872
(1.1%)
Mining
2872 (3%)
2784 (2.5%)
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
7810 (18%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 33 M / (34/2)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 456 B / (11/2)
4239
0542
0411
0113 (0.64%)
0011
0360
(0.58%)
2820
5121
6252
0111
chile
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.312 / (78/12)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.01
0.02
Distance
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
4k
3.2 k
2.4 k
1.6 k
800
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
1988
6821 (79%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
6821 (37%)
Misc. Agriculture
Not classified
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 17 M / (53/7)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 67 B / (46/5)
0814 (6.7%)
0575 (6.8%)
2681
2517
6411
(0.95%)
2712 (2.2%)
2879 0574
0575
6822
(1.6%)
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2482
(2.3%)
0542
2871 (9%)
2879
(1.5%)
0545
0579
2816 (1.6%)
6811
(1.1%)
2517 (4.5%)
6411
5221
6412
2875
2712 6822
5629
0344
0343 (0.95%)
0372
0814 (0.85%)
0341
2482 (1.6%)
Worked wood
of coniferous
0113
(0.57%)
6342
0980
(0.59%)
0586
0579 (2.3%) Fresh or dried
fruit N.E.S.
0574 (1.1%)
6811
2816
2815
2882
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2460
6416
(0.52%)
9710
0819
6822
6418
5232
5221
(0.64%)
china
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.894 / (29/5)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2008
1.5
0.5
-0.5
1.5
0.5
-0.5
0.54
0.56
0.58
0.6
0.62
0.64
0.66
-0.04
-0.03
Distance
2008
-0.02
-0.01
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
1.1 k
880
660
440
220
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2222 (5.2%)
5513
0013 (2.9%)
2114
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0577 (1.7%)
2221
(1.3%)
0741 (1.6%)
0421
(1.2%)
6522 (5.7%)
8451 (2.8%)
2235
(0.82%)
4233 0612 (1.4%) 0752
0541
2613 (3.7%)
6584
(2.5%)
6513 (1.8%)
6517
6541 (1.4%)
6511
6592
6521 (4.7%)
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8997
(1.2%)
0116
0014
0114
0545 0561 0565
(1.1%)
8472 0579
0589
8471
8439 (2.6%)
6664
(0.99%)
8952
0483 0980
0121
8942
8459
(2.1%)
8462
(1.7%)
6940
8947
2783
2879
8423 (1.5%)
6521 (1.9%)
7758
(1.1%)
2631 (1.7%)
6940
0741
7161
0813
(1.6%)
6716
6712
8124
8442
8463 0360
(2.3%)
2919
6592 6511
0341
6516 8851
8994
6513 2613 6544
(1.3%)
6519
6953 6664
6522 (1.8%)
2924
7711
2683
8510
7649 (3.7%)
Parts of telecom
& sound
recording
equipment
8472
8441
8424
8435
6552
8421
8429 (1.6%)
7622
(1.6%)
6991 7243
6612
2789
5981
6871
8999
(0.91%)
(0.93%) (1.7%)
0819 5232
2683
(0.99%)
6512
8212
5981
7599 (2.8%)
Parts of cash
registers &
calculating
machines
7758 (1%)
7492
Electro-thermal (0.86%)
home
appliances
N.E.S.(0.77%)
7239
7442
7162
6991
6940
7763 (1.4%)
Diodes &
transistors
8310 (1.3%)
Luggage &
handbags
6584
8462 (0.84%)
8459 (1.8%) Other knitted
outerwear
7415 (0.84%)
7781 (0.8%)
8124 (0.84%)
7641 (0.8%)
6782
6251
6252
6744
8451 (1.4%)
Knitted
jerseys,
pullovers &
cardigans
8219
(1.2%)
8463
6552
6716
(0.52%)
6746
6783
6733
8439
(1.3%)
Other
women
outerwear
Mining
3222 5225
0546 0545
(0.89%) 6899
2879 0589
5221
6871 8999 (1.4%)
5413
8429
8211
6589
6514
8431
8452
7731 (1%)
6911 (0.81%)
8212
8939
5155
(0.85%)
Miscellaneous
articles
6573 of
plastic
7752
3232
(0.52%)
6624
6732
6974
6953
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6522
(0.8%)
6531
(0.56%)
8423
8472
7861 (0.83%)
7711
7784
0440
(0.8%)
0548
8947
7788 (1.1%) 7523
(0.71%)
Other
electrical
7757
machinery
(0.59%)
&
equipment
7722
7642
N.E.S.
6749 (0.63%)
7782
2222
0565
(1.1%)
8997
7518 (1.3%) 7712
(1.2%)
Oil
Coal
4234
4239
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0422 (9.8%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
6613
0372
7853
0344
8931
colombia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.200 / (54/5)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.76
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.02
0.84
2008
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
840
672
504
336
168
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2634 (2.8%)
2631 (2.1%)
6673
(2.5%)
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
3330 (15%)
6812
(0.91%)
6612
2119
0360
2483
2120
6521 2671
6612
0573 (8.9%)
2927 (6%)
5913 6716
(3.3%)
6584
8921
0721
6513
0813
Coal
3222 (6.3%)
0611
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
0711 (39%)
Misc. Agriculture
Not classified
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0711 (67%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 45 M / (27/3)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 38 B / (57/6)
0360 6114
5833
5834
5530 (1.2%)
Perfumery &
cosmetics
5334
8921
5834 (1.2%)
Polyvinyl
chloride
0712
(0.64%)
4242 (1.1%)
5832 (1%)
Polypropylene
5541
5913
5912
6552 (0.78%)
8423
6123
6114 (1.1%)
Bovine &
equine
leather
6428
(0.87%)
Articles of
paper pulp
6624
N.E.S.
0620
(0.77%)
Sugar
confectionary
8931
(not
chocolate)
0484
8465
8462
6612
2882
(0.96%)
Other
non-ferrous
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
7499
6954
7752
7711
(0.51%)
6252
6415
5514
congo republic
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.707 / (125/23)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.975
0.98
0.985
-0.02
0.99
2008
0.02
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
3.2 k
2.5 k
1.9 k
1.2 k
640
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2771
(5.1%)
6821 (12%)
6861 (4.8%)
2472 (30%)
6341 (7.3%)
3330 (71%)
0711
(1.3%)
0611
(2%)
0615
0813
2634
6672
(7.3%)
2877 (3%)
2119
(0.99%)
2472 (11%)
6341
(2.7%)
0611
2871 (3%)
Copper
6821 (2%)
Unwrought
copper & copper
alloys
2879 (1.8%)
Other
non-ferrous base
metals
2876 (1.1%) Tin
6672 (0.75%)
6899
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2483 (1.3%)
0612 (5.5%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Animal Fibers
Leather
1988
6672 (22%)
2008
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2479
(1.2%)
2483
(0.87%)
2911
(0.81%)
costa rica
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.278 / (49/3)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.79
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.015
Distance
2008
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
2.2 k
1.7 k
1.3 k
880
440
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0573 (31%)
7781
0721
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0611
2925
6749
(1.1%)
8435
0111 (4.3%)
6421
0711 (24%)
8472
(0.99%)
8471
6341 6998
0545
6428 8973
7731
0360 0341
(1.6%) (1.2%)
7723
(0.79%)
8972
7721 (1.6%)
Switchboards,
relays & fuses
7758
8812
6749
8931
(0.94%)
7131
0484
0583
6421
6252
0573 (8.1%) Fresh or dried banana &
plantains
0819
0343
6842 (0.74%)
0371
0111
2926
(0.96%)
Live plants
0611
0548 (1.1%)
6428 (1.3%)
Articles of paper
pulp N.E.S.
5334
6996
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5834
5542
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0573 (35%)
0111 (7.2%)
0360
5417 5530 0914
(1.2%)
5629
0980
5621
0620
0612 (4.6%)
1988
0711 (38%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
8442
(0.83%)
0223
8462
(0.63%)
6651
(0.73%)
5629
8423
cte divoire
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.868 / (99/11)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.86
0.88
0.9
0.92
0.01
0.94
0.02
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
1k
800
600
400
200
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
0721 (25%)
2472 (28%)
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0711 (32%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 21 M / (47/10)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 9.9 B / (77/5)
0711 (21%)
2483 (7.8%)
2472 (4.2%)
6341
(1.9%)
0371 (4.1%)
0721 (16%)
0579 (4.2%)
0573 (5.5%)
0723 (5.6%)
2483 (3.8%)
0723 (4.1%)
2320
(3.3%)
0573 (2.5%)
0342
6341
4242
(1.1%)
0712 2877
0722
4244
2631 (5.1%)
6672 (3%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0730
0712
(2.4%)
6521
(0.98%)
6522
4243
2008
2481
2479
6612
9710
0722
(0.83%)
4244
0730 (2.2%)
Chocolate
0579
0712 (0.97%)
0819 (1.5%) Animal feed
and food waste
2483 (2.9%) Worked
wood of
non-coniferous
5629
6341 (1%)
7938 (1.3%)
2472
7921 (1.2%)
1223
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2479
9510
(0.64%)
0483
6954
croatia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.989 / (26/7)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
1.5
0.5
1.5
0.5
0.64
0.66
0.68
0.7
0.72
0.74
0.76
-15
2008
-10
-5
Opportunity Gain
Distance
5
x 10
-3
Evolution of
export composition
3.2 k
2.5 k
1.9 k
1.2 k
640
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1992
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8423 (2.4%)
8462
(1.6%)
8439 (2.3%)
7932 (10%)
5417
8433
7721
(1.3%)
8743
7162
6716
5833 (2%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6342
8122
0484
7932 (18%)
6842
(1.9%)
8211
(1.9%)
5413 (2.4%)
0819
3345 5621
8462
8422
8424
(1.5%)
6114
6123
(1.5%)
8439
8463
8922
5542
6782
7758
5157
5629
(1.2%)
6612 3413 2882
6998
(1.4%)
3354 3232
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
5411
0114
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8922
5413
5113
8942 7712
7758
6421 8931
8219 (2%) 2472 6341 6997 6624 2512
6911
2008
Animal Fibers
8422
(1.3%)
8424 (3%)
8211 (2.3%)
Petrochemicals
2001
8510 (4.8%)
2483 (4.4%)
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
5417 (2.2%)
7731 8219 6911 2472 6341
(1.5%)
7641
7768
5831 (1.8%) 5621
6353
(1.3%)
(1.1%)
6997
6624
5629
7711 (1.6%)
5113
6415
2512
3414 (1.9%)
6612 (2%)
1222 (2.2%) 0412
8431 8423
0612
3413 (1.4%)
8459
6998 2734
0341
6114 5833
8434 8481
(1.1%)
2111
0980
0484
6584 8432
0371
(1.7%)
8931
2820
8435
0149
6421
6635
8465
7284
7239
7139
7491
5417 (2.6%)
Medicaments
5530
7169
8743
(0.72%)
7212
7499
7919
6782
7162
7931
2483 (2.8%) Worked wood
of non-coniferous
7915
8211 (2.1%)
Chairs & seats
7731 (1.3%)
Electric wire
7788
7712 (0.71%)
(0.94%)
Other
7768 (0.64%)
electrical
machinery
&
7763
equipment 7723
(0.73%)
N.E.S.
7119
7149
6353 (0.93%)
5831 (2.1%)
Polyethylene
6624
6997 (0.82%)
8510 (1.5%)
Footwear
8463
6123
5621 (1.7%)
Nitrogenous
fertilizers
8451 (1.2%)
Knitted
jerseys,
pullovers &
cardigans
2882 (0.87%)
2472
0980 (1.6%)
Edible products
N.E.S.
0730
1110
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6421
5833
6129 (0.81%)
0484
3510 (0.91%)
8931
1222 (0.92%)
0488
6341
2450
6612 (1.6%)
Cement
6998
8472
6343
5629
(1.2%)
6651
(0.71%)
8928
0341 (0.81%)
Fresh or
chilled fish,
excluding
0223
fillets
cuba
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.426 / (84/14)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.935
0.94
0.945
0.95
0.955
0.96
0.965
0.97
0.01
Distance
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
260
208
156
104
52
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0611 (30%)
2872 (8.2%)
2871
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0612 (28%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 11 M / (65/10)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 2.9 B / (107/19)
0611 (50%)
0612 (5.6%)
0360 (10%)
0372
(2.5%)
2872 (4.8%)
2890 2871
(1.4%) (0.87%)
6811
5225
1221 (4.3%)
0711 (3.7%)
5121
(2.3%)
0615
0615 (11%)
0711 (4.3%)
0360 (3.1%)
0572
(1.9%)
9610
(2.1%)
0111 (2.1%)
2879
0571
(1.8%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
1221 (3.8%)
2820 (2.3%)
0585
7842
(1.1%)
1211 (2.4%)
6581
2008
2882
0585
6612 (1.8%)
Cement
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
1211
0360 (4.8%) Fresh, chilled, frozen or
salted crustaceans & molluscs
1222
5416 (2.4%)
Glycosides &
vaccines
czech republic
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.628 / (8/1)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
0.58
0.6
0.62
0.64
0.66
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-0.06
-0.055
Distance
2008
-0.05
-0.045
-0.04
-0.035
-0.03
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
14 k
11.2 k
8.4 k
5.6 k
2.8 k
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7721 (1.7%)
7449 7224
6782
6733
(0.94%)
7758
8121
7283
7264 6785
8947
8124
7781
6954
7369
7493
7244
6732 (2.6%) 2482
(1.7%)
8219 2471
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6746 6712
6745
6770
6259
6415 2518
6584
8439
6123
8431
6522
(1.2%)
6521
6544
3222
(2.9%)
3232
(1.2%)
3223
(1.1%)
7493
6251
7139
7492
6647 6954
7499
7842
7169 7416
6289 7452 7244
7239
7849 (7.3%)
7611 (2.1%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
6991
(1%)
6782 6731
0224
0548
(0.89%)
2882 6794 6612
0482
(0.89%) 0011
1123
6891
5121
Not classified
7721 (2.7%)
7783
(1.3%)
8972
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7810 (11%)
5111 5311
6589 8429
8471 8435
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
6252
8981
6911 (1.1%) 6652
(1.4%)
6997
2008
2001
7821
(1.2%)
7919
6731 (1.9%)
7492 6991
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Electronics
Machinery
POPULATION 10 M / (68/8)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 146 B / (29/3)
7442
6940
7788 7522
(1.4%)
7421
(1.2%)
7781 (1.7%)
8219
(1.1%)
6732
8211 (2.2%)
2482
2471
6633
6842
7369
8121
7641
7415 6770
(1.1%)
6252
6744 6733
8124
5111
6210
6415
3222
(1%)
3232
8928 6658
5831
6522
6584 6123
8931
0224
1222
8947
7522
8211 (1.5%)
Chairs &
seats
3510 (1.2%)
6911 (1.2%)
7523 (2.9%) CPUs
6997
(1.1%)
7493
7919
7783 (1.1%) Auto 7162 (1.1%) AC
parts
electric motors
& generators
7284
(1.1%)
7492
7139
7361
7831
6289
7416
7449
6251
8121
6991
6782
7436
7842
6731
7415 (1.3%)
7643 (1.1%)
Television & radio
transmitters
7161
7421 (0.95%)
7788 (0.9%)
7784
6954
7499
6793
6252
7638
7621
6259
7781
7414
7861
6359
8939 (1.3%)
5831 (0.63%)
Miscellaneous articles of
plastic
6210
5542
7518
7648
7763
6770
7239
8219
7431
6647
6940
6353
6732
8928
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2882
6998
3222
(0.96%)
Other coal
2820
6421
6744
6733
6794
(0.59%)
1222
6658
5833
0223
denmark
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.267 / (17/9)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2008
1.5
0.5
0.62
0.64
0.66
0.68
1.5
0.5
-0.025
0.7
-0.02
2008
-0.015
-0.01
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
21 k
16.8 k
12.6 k
8.4 k
4.2 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0113 (2.4%)
0121 (14%)
7411 (2.9%)
7283
7452
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7499 (2%)
0114
(1.3%)
0111 (4.5%)
0116
7932 (4.3%)
0224 (2.5%)
2008
0240
(3.1%)
2120 (2.5%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7492 (1.8%)
Valves
2926
2927
0430
0811
1222
0344 (2%)
0149
(2.6%)
8942 7781
8124
8731
(1.2%)
6341 2483 8472
(1.9%)
6998
2785
7442
7272
7283
0111 (2%)
0240
(2.5%)
7442 7416
(0.95%)
8928
7272
7429
7212
7429
8743
7493
7169 (1.3%)
Parts of
rotating
7449
electric
plants N.E.S.
7712
7642
6744 (1%)
6991
7711
0013
0149
0111
0116
5416 (1.8%)
Glycosides &
vaccines
8996 (1.5%)
Orthopaedic appliances
5542
5334
8720 (1.2%)
Medical
instruments
N.E.S.
5145
0341
0360 (0.72%)
0371
2120 (1.2%)
0224
0372
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
8212
(0.54%)
7861
6353 (1.1%)
(0.54%)
Builders` carpentry
6428
& joinery
6997
(0.52%)
6842
0343
5922
7414
8931
6973
6912
6924
0350
0223
8510
8439
8451
2926
(0.65%)
0488
2925
0914
8744
8459
(0.56%)
8462
5311
7741
8219 (2.5%)
Furniture parts
N.E.S.
0114
5169 (1.2%)
0819
0360
(1.1%)
0350 0371
7212
7416
8939 (1.5%)
Miscellaneous
articles of plastic
Not classified
7422 (0.85%)
7188 (1.4%)
Engines &
motors
0341
(1.6%)
8121
7271 6991
Misc. Agriculture
0113 (6.3%)
7162 (1.6%)
7211
Fruit
7212
0011 (1.9%)
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0149 (8.1%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
1123
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
8423
2820 (1.1%)
8928
2882
dominican republic
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.064 / (64/9)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
-1
-2
0.01
0.89
0.02
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
900
720
540
360
180
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0711 (12%)
0721 (9.1%)
2873 (7.5%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0612 (57%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 10 M / (71/11)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 5.8 B / (92/15)
8423 (8.2%)
8462
(3.1%)
8465
(2.5%)
8463 (2%)
6716 (14%)
7721
(3.3%)
8435 (1.6%)
6123 (4.8%)
0611 (3.2%)
0565
(1.1%)
0619
0612 (5.5%)
0545
0111 (2.4%)
0615 (3%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8441 (1.6%)
8434
9710 (5.8%)
8973 (4.8%)
8720
(1.9%)
0615
0813
2008
8439
(3.8%)
0548
0611
0577
6831
6811
6428
6812
7741
1124 (1.7%)
Alcoholic
beverages
1123
7649 (2.3%) Parts
of telecom &
sound recording
equipment
7788 (1.9%)
Other electrical
machinery &
equipment
N.E.S.
Other men
outerwear
8462 (0.86%)
8442 (1.7%)
Men's
underwear
0980 (1.3%)
8464
8459 (0.74%)
Unbleached
cotton woven
fabrics
5530
(0.7%)
8939
(0.7%)
5629
(0.8%)
Fertilizers
0573
(1.4%)
0484
6732 (3%)
Iron/steel rods
6428 (2.1%)
Articles of paper
pulp N.E.S.
0711
8933 (1.6%)
6612 (1.3%)
1222
8439
6421
0545
(0.57%)
8931 (1%)
0579
(0.65%)
1213
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2882
2820 (1.3%)
Iron & steel
waste
6118
ecuador
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.619 / (93/18)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.01
0.95
0.02
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
1.4 k
1.1 k
840
560
280
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0721 (15%)
0711 (14%)
0360
EXPORT
TREEMAP
3330 (43%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0573 (59%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 13 M / (59/9)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 19 B / (70/9)
0573 (20%)
0721
(3.2%)
0711 (5.9%)
0723
(1.5%)
0011
2483
2927
0814 (2.7%)
0360 (16%)
2483
6342
0612 (3.4%)
6576
0371
2871
0723
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0342 0341
0579
0721 (1.2%)
4242 (1.1%) Palm
oil
0371 (4.9%) Fish N.E.S.
0980
0579
6973
3352
(0.98%)
0712
0730
0712
egypt
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.021 / (63/5)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.7
0.72
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.02
0.025
Distance
2008
0.03
0.035
0.04
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
320
256
192
128
64
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0422 (14%)
0541
(1.2%)
6521 (1.9%)
0615
0571 1222
5513
0752
6513 (5.9%)
3330 (7.6%)
0421 (3.2%)
0612
0541
2008
0571
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0813
1124
2713
0545
(0.93%)
0561 6731
0546
9610
5542
6612
2731 (1.3%)
Building stone
6998 (1%)
5622
6841
2713
(0.73%)
5542
3351
(0.86%)
(0.81%)
Organic
surface-active
8939
agents
N.E.S.
5232
2789
5621 (2.5%)
Nitrogenous fertilizers
8921 0341
5225
3232 (0.74%)
6624 (1.3%)
Non-refractory
ceramic
bricks
6997 (1.3%)
Articles of
iron or steel
N.E.S.
8932 (0.83%)
6911
7414
0575
8462 (1.9%)
Knitted
undergarments
of cotton
6584
(1.5%)
Linens &
furnishing
textile
articles
8439
8459
0542
2631 (1.1%)
0422 (1%)
Semi or wholly
milled rice
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6731
0545
(1.2%)
Other fresh
or chilled
vegetables
6522 (0.88%)
0546 (0.77%)
0579 (0.67%)
2711
0585
0980
6421
0620
6592 (0.96%)
6749
(0.74%)
6733
(0.63%)
7831
8122
6618
6732
6428
5831 (1.8%)
Polyethylene
6612 (0.94%)
6842 (2.1%)
8219
Worked aluminium (1.4%)
& aluminium alloys
6842
6521 8462
0545 (2.4%)
6516
2634
(0.88%)
2221
(0.75%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
EXPORT
TREEMAP
3330 (65%)
6513 (11%)
6522 (3.5%)
Tropical agric.
1988
2631 (41%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 82 M / (15/1)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 26 B / (62/10)
0561
6513
0240 (1.8%) Cheese
(0.78%)
& curd
Cotton yarn
el salvador
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.026 / (60/8)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.01
0.88
0.02
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
740
592
444
296
148
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2631 (8%)
8510
(2.2%)
6513
(1.8%)
6584
6581
5417 5530
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0612
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
0711 (72%)
6521
6549
8435
(1.6%)
8433 6584
(1.2%)
8439
(1.5%)
8434
8465
6513 (2.2%)
5541
5629
(1.1%)
5335
0819 0712
7731
6842 0360
(1.2%)
(2.1%)
0422 (1.5%)
6996
6732
4233 2632 6421
(1.7%)
0813 0611
0615 (0.91%)
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0711 (53%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
0360 (5%)
7788 (4.8%)
6421
(0.9%)
0579
0712
0980
(1.6%)
5121 (4.8%) Acyclic 0711 (6.3%) Green & roasted coffee & coffee
alcohols &
substitutes
derivatives
8439
(0.76%)
8451 (3.7%) Knitted jerseys, pullovers & cardigans
0470 (0.92%)
0914
0611 (1.9%)
8939 (1.4%)
Miscellaneous articles
of plastic
6732 (1.3%)
Iron/steel rods
5542 (1.1%)
6424 (2.4%) Cut to size paper
N.E.S.
8471
6584 (1%)
Linens &
furnishing
textile articles
6552 (0.83%)
0585
(0.81%)
2690
6842 (0.88%)
6744
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
7731
8219
3510
6428
5334
6746 (1.5%)
Iron/steel <3mm
tick sheets
0615
8928
2882
2789
estonia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.791 / (32/9)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.62
0.64
0.66
0.68
0.7
0.72
0.74
-0.01
-0.005
Distance
2008
0.005
0.01
0.015
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
10 k
8k
6k
4k
2k
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8219 (2.5%)
7731 (1.7%)
6342 (1.7%)
8211 (1.5%)
6521
(2.4%)
5225 6612
(1.3%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0341
(1.1%)
6716
6522
(1.3%)
6513
3345 (1.5%)
2111
5621 (2.4%)
6911 (2.6%)
0488
5334
Mining
Oil
8939
5621
2820 3224
(1.4%)
6423
5335
5629
2882
0721 (2.2%)
6997
7861
6633
0230
6130 0113
0342
0350
0240
5225 6612
6998
8931
1110
2631
7449 (1%)
7239
7868
7162 (2.1%) AC
electric motors &
7441
generators
7712 (1.4%)
Parts of electric
power
machinery
N.E.S.
8947
8124
(0.53%)
5335 (1.2%)
Glazes,
driers, putty
8939 (1.2%)
Miscellaneous
articles
of
plastic
8922
5334
(0.84%)
Varnishes &
lacquers
8510
8439
6252
(0.61%)
5621 (1.2%)
Nitrogenous
fertilizers
7416
7731 (3.6%) Electric
wire
8462
8431
3224
(0.77%)
8429
8928
8212 (1.8%)
Medical &
dental
furniture
2512
0240
0371
(0.52%)
6343
7861
2483
2471
6841
2882
6998
6851
0344
6130
0113
6633
6997
6359
0360
0342
8211 (1.5%)
6413
5825
6423
8459
8219 (1.9%)
Furniture parts
N.E.S.
5137 (0.79%)
6584
0371 (1.9%)
0343
8421 0344
6589
0224
(1.2%)
8429 8431
Coal
Precious Stones
6647
0586
(1.2%)
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
7649 (11%)
3224 (2.2%)
5629
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
7643 (15%)
6353 (2.7%)
5249
(1.1%)
Tropical agric.
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7712
0342
8433 6354
8451 8441 6589 8452
8484
2882 (2.7%)
7861
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
2001
6841
2472
(2.7%)
6584 (2.7%)
7721 (2.2%)
Switchboards,
relays & fuses
8439 (3.3%)
2008
2471 (5.1%)
2482 (4.6%)
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
6415
2519
0980
8931
1124 (1.8%)
Alcoholic
beverages
6612
(0.72%)
5225
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0711
ethiopia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.892 / (104/13)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.01
0.94
0.02
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
33
26.4
19.8
13.2
6.6
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0542
(8%)
2117
(2.5%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Misc. Agriculture
Not classified
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0711 (61%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 81 M / (16/2)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 1.6 B / (120/24)
0711 (65%)
6116 (5.4%)
2234
2919
0573 0149
(1.7%) (1.5%)
6114 2116
(1.4%) (1.4%)
2927
0012 2120
(1.2%)
4314
4314
9610 (4.4%)
2922
2223
2221
7148
2238
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2919
6115
2114
0012 (3.7%)
2632
8741
0813 (1.1%)
6113
5514 8462
(0.94%)
0545
5322
(0.99%)
2117 (1.9%)
6115 (1.8%)
0112 (1.8%) Sheep
Raw sheep skin Sheep & lamb & goat meat
with wool
leather
2634
2922
2926
(1.2%)
9710 (5.1%) Gold,
non-monetary
0611
(0.86%)
7234
9410
0752
(0.67%)
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6123
finland
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.715 / (6/5)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
2008
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
2.5
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
1.5
0.5
1.5
0.5
0
0.68
0.7
0.72
0.74
0.76
0.78
-0.03
0.8
2008
-0.02
-0.01
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
18 k
14.4 k
10.8 k
7.2 k
3.6 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2517 (10%)
2482 (13%)
7932 (7.4%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6415 (5.9%)
2120 (3.4%)
6418 (4.8%)
7259
(1.4%)
6411 (5%)
6413 (3%)
7251 7234
7224
7162
7283
2516
7441
7449 7492 7239
6744
7932 (3.3%)
6412 (6.5%)
2516 (2.6%)
2512
5981
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6416
(1.1%)
7731
6911
2483
0240 0230
2671
6421 (1.8%)
6342 (2%)
5331
6831 2875
6428 6353
7611
Mining
7712
5331 (1.4%)
2671
6424
2479
5831
3352
8922
7821 (1.2%)
7493
7234 (1.7%)
Construction &
mining machinery
7283 (1.2%)
Mineral working
machinery & parts
N.E.S.
7643 (15%) Television & radio transmitters
7239
(0.92%)
Bulldozers,
angledozers &
7492
(0.91%)
levellers
parts
N.E.S.
7449 (0.86%)
7259
7169 (1.1%)
2482 (6%)
6749
7931 (1.5%)
7938 7915
(0.85%)
7641 7643
7416 6572
2518 (5.6%)
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
7442
(1.2%)
6412 (9.9%)
7281
6419 (4.2%)
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
2517 (5.3%)
6822
5224
(1.2%)
7411 (1.6%)
6413 (7.1%)
Fruit
6415 (10%)
6712 (2%)
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
6411 (12%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
7224
(0.92%)
Wheeled
tractors
7139
7219
6251
6353 (1%)
6342
7416
7138
7731
7441
6647
7188
7251 (0.91%)
6428
3510
7649 (2.3%)
6746 (2.8%) Iron/steel
Parts of telecom <3mm tick sheets
& sound
recording
equipment
8720 (0.97%)
Medical
instruments
N.E.S.
5331
5123
7741
8744
6861 (0.81%)
6744 (0.78%)
7712 (1.9%)
Parts of electric
power machinery
7932 (2.9%) Ships & boats
7711
N.E.S.
8124
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6899 (0.82%)
6831 (1.3%)
Unwrought
nickel &
nickel alloys
6821 (1.1%)
5629
5231
5831
2120
(0.64%)
8928
(0.52%)
france
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.473 / (11/7)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-0.5
0.52
0.54
0.56
0.58
0.6
-0.07
0.62
2008
-0.06
-0.05
-0.04
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
9.6 k
7.6 k
5.7 k
3.8 k
1.9 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6746 (2.4%)
6747
7518
6782 (1.4%)
8947
7131 (1.2%) 8731
7499
7928
8822
5417
(1.8%)
5137
3345
5530
2331
2008
7788
6770
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6512
(1.6%)
0011
5922 (1%)
0230
(0.87%)
6732
(1.2%)
6842 6911
6973 8960
6341 (1.4%)
6953
1121 (2.9%)
8472
(1.4%)
6652
8842
0460
0574
0482
0541
8510 6841
5225
(1.2%) (1.2%)
6560
1124 (1.8%)
6522
(0.83%)
6513
2820
(1.1%)
2665
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
6746
6252
6822
7929 7149 7148
7923
5417
(1.7%)
6412
6652
6415
0412 (2.1%)
2224
0612
0440
0430
2226
0460 0111
0482
0574 0114
1124 8439 8310 5833
1121 (3%)
7523
6727
5530
(1.9%)
5137 5982
7416
7449 6289
8121
7924 (4%)
5839
0980
0240
8928
6512
2111
5241
(0.97%)
2882
6783
7821
(1.2%)
7239
7442
7162
5989
(1.1%)
5156
5839
(0.5%)
5982
7832
(0.69%)
7139
(0.56%)
7234
(0.54%)
6251
(0.56%)
7491
7431
5416
5530 (3.1%) Perfumery & 8939 (0.84%)
cosmetics
7742
5514
8720
0819
8996
5542
8741
7721
(1.7%)
0440 5513
(1.4%)
2741
0565
0579
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7810 (8.4%)
0430 (2.5%)
6118 6113
Tropical agric.
1988
7842
(3.8%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
7810 (8.3%)
5989
(1.3%)
5148
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 62 M / (20/2)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 596 B / (5/2)
5831
(0.73%)
7493
8743
6782
7224
7758
3510 (1.1%)
Electric
current
8851
6652
6732
0412 (1.1%)
Other wheat &
meslin,
unmilled
0440
0612
5913
5832
5912
0430
0240
0224
0011
0113
0111
0488
6749
6842 (0.66%)
5834
7518
6745
1121 (2.2%)
Wine
0980
8931
8310 (0.87%)
7523
0484
7923
7148
(0.78%)
0730
Aircrafts of 7144
7921
between 2
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5241
(0.98%)
2820 (0.73%)
gabon
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.364 / (120/19)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.982
0.984
0.986
0.988
0.99
-0.02
0.992
2008
0.02
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
5.4 k
4.3 k
3.2 k
2.1 k
1k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
EXPORT
TREEMAP
3330 (60%)
2472 (40%)
2877 (20%)
1988
3330 (29%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2877 (13%)
2472 (15%)
2860 (5.7%)
5241 (6.4%)
6342
(1.8%)
2481
0721
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6341
2483
2479
(1.4%)
0360 (1.5%)
6716
0612
0721
2483 (1.4%)
Worked wood of
non-coniferous
2320
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6342
georgia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.263 / (70/22)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.86
0.88
0.9
0.92
0.01
Distance
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
350
280
210
140
70
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2001
6716 (32%)
2820 (20%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
7923 (9.9%)
3330 (12%)
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
6716 (6.1%)
1121 (11%)
7441
2871
(3.3%)
6725 (6.7%)
6712 (3%)
6782
2008
7528
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6744
(1.3%)
2882 6841
(1.2%) (1.1%)
7452 7921
7239 7272 (2.5%)
6782 7911
7126 7919
9710 (4.4%)
2890
(3.2%)
2820 (12%)
2882 (8%)
1110 (5.3%)
1124
0577 (3.4%)
0741
(2%)
6831 (1.4%)
5621 (3.5%)
5156
(1.2%)
2925 (4.1%)
6732
(1%)
2871 (3.3%)
6841
7923
8974
5121
5111
(1.6%)
5621 (1.7%)
2877
(1.6%) 0612 0460 0571 1223
5530 5232
0752
0412
2483
2472
0980
0585
1110 (2.9%) Non-alcoholic
beverages N.E.S.
7239
7919
6782
9710 (7.4%) Gold, non-monetary 6612 (5.9%) Cement
5249
(0.49%)
0577 (2.3%)
Edible nuts
0612
3510 (1.2%)
Electric
current
2483 (1.1%)
Worked
wood of
non-coniferous
6732 (0.69%)
0813
germany
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.985 / (2/1)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2008
1.5
0.5
0.5
0
0.44
1.5
0.46
0.48
0.5
0.52
-0.105
0.54
-0.1
-0.095
2008
-0.09
-0.085
-0.08
-0.075
-0.07
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
18 k
14.4 k
10.8 k
7.2 k
3.6 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
7244 (3.5%)
7821
(2.3%)
7499 (3%)
7452
7281 6782 6991
(1.3%) (1.3%)
7491
7212
(1.1%)
7842 (4.1%)
7788 (1.3%) 7511
8852
7512 7518 8124
7783
7411
5989 (1.6%)
(1.9%)
8745
5155
(1.1%)
7243 6940 5137
6731
7126
7784
7919
7283
7371
(0.89%)
8942 6746 6733 6783 6725
8811 (1.4%)
6727
6749 5224
6822
6712
8731
(1.2%)
6770
7782
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6960
7849 (4.7%)
6746
Mining
Oil
8748 5417
(1.1%)
Coal
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
6418
7162
7284 (2.2%)
7428
7499
7758
7721 (1.8%)
7247
6940
7611
5989
(1.4%)
8742
5839
8939
(1.1%)
5542
5334
5530
5834
5148
5156
5836 5137
5831
0224
0223
5922
2820
6514
8124
7782
8983
6415
6953
6412
8931
5121
6421
7139 (1.3%)
Piston
engines
parts N.E.S.
7452 (1.2%)
Non-electrical
machines
parts N.E.S.
7493 (1.2%)
Mechanical
tools for
building
7822
6954
7491
6940
7212
7821 (1.4%)
Trucks &
vans
7283
7421
7416
6822
6517
7499
7763 (0.75%)
5621
6732
6842 2665 8928
(1.3%)
2820
7731 6911 6973
3232
6998 6812
(1.5%)
6953
5121
(1.2%)
7712
Tropical agric.
7492
6210
7788 (0.78%)
7821
(1.5%)
7139
5623
5311
7810 (13%)
5530
6573
7742 2671 5232
5331
5629
EXPORT
TREEMAP*
8720 5411
8822
5335
2008
1988
7810 (15%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Precious Stones
EXPORT
TREEMAP*
1968
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 82 M / (14/1)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 1.5 T / (1/1)
7442 (0.79%)
7832 (0.75%)
8743
6991
7416
7234
7162
7436
7161
7281
6289
7264
5989 (1.5%)
Chemical
products
8742
5530
5831
6210
5542
7188
5414
7441
6842 (0.97%)
6911
2820
8219
3510
5823
7929
6822
(0.99%)
Worked
copper &
6746
copper alloys
6783
6997
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
8931
0980
0484
0730
0240
2882
0113
1222
6733
6415
8928
6421
7861
7758
7924 (1.9%)
Aircrafts of more
than 15 tons
5156 (0.84%)
7742
5839 (0.96%) 8720
Other
(0.87%)
8744
polymerization Medical
&
instruments
5417
(4.5%) Medicaments
8939 (1.1%)
copolymarization
N.E.S.
Miscellaneous
products
articles of
plastic
5334
7783
6782
5416
(1.1%)
ghana
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.868 / (100/12)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.01
0.95
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
270
216
162
108
54
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
0721 (35%)
6841 (16%)
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0721 (52%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 23 M / (42/8)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 3.8 B / (103/13)
6841 (30%)
6672 (3.7%)
2771 (1.6%)
2877 (4%)
2877 (1.6%)
2873
2472 (7.2%)
2483 (7.6%)
2483 (5%)
2472 (7.3%)
6341 0360
(1.4%)
0342
0579 7923
0723 (5.6%)
0723 (8.2%)
0819
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0577 (3.1%)
Edible nuts
2223
2238 (1.2%)
Oil seeds &
fruits N.E.S.
0723
2483 (3.8%) Worked
wood of non-coniferous
2320
6341 (1.5%)
NULL
6344
(0.8%)
2877
2873
2882
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6342
(1.2%)
Sheets of
plywood
6842
7499 (1.2%)
Non-electric
parts of
machinery
N.E.S.
0342 0371
5233
8931
greece
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.214 / (53/16)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.66
0.68
0.7
0.72
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.014
0.016
Distance
2008
0.018
0.02
0.022
0.024
0.026
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
2.3 k
1.8 k
1.3 k
920
460
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0571 (4.2%)
0575
(1.4%)
4235 (9%)
0422
2922
6841 (9.9%)
2634
2782 (4.5%)
2873 (3.5%)
0585
(2.1%)
0579 (3.7%)
6130 (6.5%)
0589
6513 (3.5%)
5989
6560 (1%)
8471
2789 2731
(0.92%)
2875
2874
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6612
2116 (2.9%)
2114 (1.1%)
6842
2919
(1%)
5981
(1%)
6975
8431 (1.5%)
8434 (1.5%)
0411 (4.6%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
6513
(3.8%)
8439
(1.4%)
8452 8423
6522
(1.2%)
6517
6589 8463
6716 (2.5%)
6727 (2.3%)
6783
6747
6749
6745
7932 (4.2%)
6841
(2%)
2782
(1.3%)
1212
7933
0546
(2%)
0571
2631
(0.99%)
7932 (1.5%)
Ships & boats
5542
(0.69%)
5334
8939 (1%)
5821
7781
7415
5832 (1.7%)
Polypropylene
5831
8731
8451 (2.8%)
0440 (2.3%)
6724
6731
8483 (4.5%)
6842
(2.5%)
0585
7731
6130
0240 0350
6512
3345 5621
5113
6924 6716
(1.3%)
6749
8462 (5.1%)
8435 (1.6%)
0546
(1.1%)
5629
5622
5225
(2.2%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8459 (2.4%)
0572
(1.4%)
1988
2631 (13%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 11 M / (64/7)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 26 B / (63/16)
4235
0579 (1.7%) Fresh or
(2.1%) Olive dried fruit N.E.S.
oil
0980
(0.98%)
0545
5989
(0.93%)
Chemical
products
5629
(0.57%)
7731 (2.1%)
Electric wire
1211 (1.8%)
Unstripped tobacco
1222 (1.2%)
Cigarretes
2223
7752
8921
0575 (1.1%)
6624
6912
6911
(0.76%)
(0.84%)
Aluminium
structures
8459 (2.6%) Other
knitted outerwear
6428
0571 (0.91%)
6973
6552
(0.81%)
8463
6522
6575
6513
0240 (1.6%)
Cheese & curd
0483
0583
1110
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6841 (1.4%)
Unwrought
aluminium &
aluminium
alloys
6612 (1.5%)
Cement
8462
0484
8931
0411
(0.74%)
2789
2873 (1.1%)
Aluminium ore
3354
5833
0223
2882
5823
guatemala
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.099 / (65/10)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.015
0.86
0.02
2008
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
570
456
342
228
114
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
1988
0711 (38%)
2631 (17%)
0111 (4.1%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
0711 (40%)
0141
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 14 M / (58/8)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 7.7 B / (86/11)
0573 (13%)
8439 (3%)
8423
0616
8472
(1.9%)
2223
4233
2634 2632
8510
(1%)
0612 (2.7%)
2008
0752
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0541
2929
2320
5513 7781
(1.2%)
1222 6749
0611
2926 (1.6%)
0545 0585
0611 (1.5%)
0914
2631 (4.1%)
0712
0752 (4.2%)
6651
(1%)
0612 (4.1%)
0615
(1.9%)
2926
8463
8452
2483
(1.1%)
8431
0579
(1.2%)
0360
(1.7%)
5913
0579 (1.9%)
Fresh or dried
fruit N.E.S.
0484 (1.1%)
Bakery
0980
(1.7%)
Edible
products
N.E.S.
0585
8931 (1.1%)
0481
0620
(0.64%)
0565
5417 (2.5%)
Medicaments
5530 (1.9%)
Perfumery &
cosmetics
5542 (1.1%)
Organic
surface-active
agents N.E.S.
8939
5334
5541 (0.94%)
5147 (0.78%)
5911
5629
5543
6421 (1.1%)
2927
4312
1212
8462
0546
2927 2925
(0.82%)
0111 (2.1%)
2225 1212
(1.2%)
0577 5513
1110 (1.2%)
8441
0545 (1.5%)
2320
1211
2890
0611 (5.8%) Raw sugar beet & 0573 (5.2%) Fresh or dried 0711 (9.8%) Green & roasted coffee & coffee substitutes 0545 (2.2%)
cane
banana & plantains
Other fresh or
chilled
vegetables
8435
8434
6581
5417 (1.7%) 0620 0980
(1.1%)
0813 5530
(1.4%)
0573 (7.8%)
6522
(1.7%)
5121 (1.4%)
2225
6552
8451 (0.81%)
6522
5913
8463
6924 (0.7%)
6911 (0.65%)
8423 (0.72%)
8431
6624
6513
6732
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2882
7781
6783
(0.74%)
6651 (0.89%)
6531
3413 (0.98%)
liquified
hydrocarbons
5834
0360
(0.85%)
guinea
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.444 / (123/22)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.965
0.97
0.975
0.98
0.985
2008
0.02
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
180
144
108
72
36
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2873 (78%)
0711 (12%)
2232 (4.1%)
Tropical agric.
1988
5225 (73%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
6672 (16%)
0711
0577
0573 (3.8%)
2631
0721
5513
0579 (2.3%)
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2820
0579
8928 (6.6%)
Printed matter
N.E.S.
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
honduras
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.518 / (88/16)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.9
0.02
0.03
Distance
2008
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
910
728
546
364
182
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0711 (13%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
0573 (44%)
2482 (8.4%)
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0573 (56%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
0711 (20%)
0360 (8.6%)
0111
0342
0111 (2.6%) 0011 0360
(1.4%)
0013
0542 (2%)
2631 (2.1%) 0440
(1.5%)
2223
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2874 (3.1%)
2879
8441
(1.4%)
0579 (2.2%)
8423
8432
0589
8462
2482 (2%)
6612
5541
(1.4%)
8465
(1.7%)
0583
6359
0572
0583
1221
2875 (1.5%) 7932
(0.81%)
8947
2874
9410
8451 (14%) Knitted jerseys, pullovers & cardigans 0711 (11%) Green & roasted coffee & coffee
substitutes
0611
4244
1222
7731 (5.9%) Electric wire
3413 (2.1%)
liquified
hydrocarbons
2874
(0.72%)
6552 (1.3%)
8423 (3.1%) Men's
trousers
0579 (2.3%)
Fresh or dried
fruit N.E.S.
8931
5541 (0.88%)
0819
2690
6421
8997
0484
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
1221
(1.8%)
2882
2820
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.005
Distance
2008
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
53 k
42.4 k
31.8 k
21.2 k
10.6 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8510 (5.1%)
8942 (11%)
8124 (2.3%)
6991
7788 (2%)
6577
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6584 (3.5%)
8471
(1.9%)
8999 (10%)
6672
(2%)
6998
8994 8851 8998
6522 (5.4%)
6960
6513
(1.8%)
8972 (1.7%) 8830
6658
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6673 8973
(1.6%) 2890
8997
8481
6521 (6.1%)
7782
5852
Mining
Oil
Coal
8942 (5.9%)
7649 (2.5%)
8441 (2%)
8459 (2%)
7599 (2.3%)
8310 (1.1%)
8451 (3.7%)
8852
(1.8%)
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
8310 (4%)
7781
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
8472 (22%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 7 M / (83/11)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 370 B / (13/4)
7764 8983
(1.6%)
7622
7788
7611
(1.1%) (1%)
7641
7722
(1.1%) (1%)
7849 (5.1%)
7712
7757
8423
7763 7638 7522 8124 7518 (2.1%)
8435
(2.1%)
8481
8452
8431 6552
6560
6531
6541
6534
8811 7768
7284
(2.8%)
8429
(1.1%)
8463
7512
8851 (4.7%)
7758
(1%)
7243
7162
6672
(1.2%)
6673
8939
8972
(1.3%)
8999
8921
(0.87%)
8928
8483 0341 8931
(0.9%)
7169
7781 (0.81%)
7643 (1.6%)
7528
Television &
radio
transmitters 8841
7642
(0.5%)
8852
8423
8431
8463
8441
8481
7518
8124
7723
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
7731
6811
5839
5833
(0.94%)
Polystyrene
7757
6822
8842
(0.53%)
8748
7149
8465
7768 (0.79%)
7641
8710 (0.76%)
6552
6522
(0.89%) Non
synthetic
knitted fibres
8462
(0.74%)
6513
8939
8921
(0.53%)
8972
6114
(0.54%)
hungary
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.430 / (14/3)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2
2008
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
0.7
0.72
0.74
0.76
-10
Distance
2008
-5
Opportunity Gain
0
x 10
-3
Evolution of
export composition
11 k
8.8 k
6.6 k
4.4 k
2.2 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0111 (4.6%)
0012
(2.1%)
0113 (1.6%)
0142
0015
0114 (3.9%)
0118
8472 (2%) 6584 8510
(1.1%)
0149 0616
(0.92%)
0013
6522 (4.4%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
5169
6841 (3.5%)
6521
(1.2%)
6544
8997
(0.81%)
8471
2008
8822
6782
(1.1%)
5621
(1.5%)
6732
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7782
(2.1%)
5156
(1%)
5417 (1.8%)
8510
(1.8%)
8424
5413
8310 8423
3351 6123
5161
6573 8481
7528
7641 7521 5148
8434 8433
5831
5834
5621 5913
7842 7361 8121
7522 7611 7642 8124 (2.1%) (1.2%) (1.2%)
(1.3%)
3352
7491
7415
5832
6522 6542 6513
5629
6727
6725
6733
6782 7783
6842 (2.3%) 8219
1121 0545 0440
0411
(1.6%)
7272
6744
7367 6731
2224 2238
7449
0565 4236
7169
7752
0114 (2.9%)
0149 0113 0012 2919
8211
6997 6351 0546 0585 0542 0751 0811
(1.3%) (1.2%)
2450 6353
2925
2471
2472
0579 0561 2882 5225
2820
0142
0118 (2.7%)
6911
0980 0620
2483
6651
0913
5121
1124
0011
0451 6652
3232
6252
5111
7742
5414
3510 (1.2%)
Electric
current
7139 (1.1%)
7431
6251
7721 (2.7%) Switchboards,
relays & fuses
7212
7783
7169
7239
7162
7784
7422
7758
8749
7429
6289
6991
6418
7919
7528
7757
8732
7732
7518
7763
7782 (0.83%)
8939 (1.1%)
0819
Miscellaneous
articles of plastic
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6727
(0.5%)
5831
5148
0980
(0.68%)
8931
0412 (0.7%)
7149
(0.5%)
2224
6353
2226
8124
7722
8211 (1.1%)
Chairs &
seats
0440 (1.2%)
Unmilled maize
7415
7499
8743 (1.4%)
7649 (2.2%)
Parts of telecom &
sound recording
equipment
7868
7434
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
6733 (2.5%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
0011 (12%)
8481
(1.1%)
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 10 M / (70/9)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 109 B / (34/5)
0114
(0.58%)
0113
2820
(0.58%)
5834
(0.51%)
India
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.247 / (51/1)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
3
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
2.5
22% of WT
3
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
-2
0.6
0.62
0.64
0.66
0.68
0.7
0.005
Distance
2008
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
160
128
96
64
32
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6545 (16%)
6522 (3.5%)
6513
(1.2%)
6519
6521 (3%)
0813 (5.1%)
0751 (1.4%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6114
2919 2114
6584 8510
2631 (1.4%)
5513
2924
6732
(1.5%)
2879
7852 8960
6123
(2.3%)
2911
8433
(1%)
0711
(1.4%)
2929
(1.1%)
8310 8451
8510
(0.94%) (0.89%)
(1.2%)
0577
8434 8471 6594 8462 6581 6513 (1.8%) 6541 (1.6%)
8439
(0.95%)
0422
(1.7%)
8459 6596
6522 (1.6%)
6116 (2.1%)
8463
0751
(1.3%)
2924
0752
6545
(0.79%) 0813 (2.2%)
0421
2922
5311
2815 (4.6%)
6115
6113
2873
2731
5417 5530
(1.3%)
5146
6114
0545
2873
6794
2731
2816
8973
0360 (3.1%)
2879
6716 (1.5%)
Ferro-alloys
6822
6749 (1.6%) Other
worked iron/steel sheets
7161
7139
6727
6725
7244
6975
7522
7761
6716
6953
6978
7853
0545
5112 (1.3%)
6712
7851
7831
8441
8439
7929
(1.2%)
Aircraft
equipment
parts N.E.S.
6531
0813 (2.3%)
Oilcake
6596
8434
6123
6522
6514
7938 (1.1%)
Special
floating
structures
0440
(0.8%)
Unmilled
maize
8481
8432
8423
6513 (1.6%)
Cotton yarn
2631 (1.4%)
0752
0711
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0111
6911
6732
(0.59%)
6116
0611
6613 (0.69%)
0360
(0.86%)
6114
0612
(0.65%)
6594
3352
5911
6821 (1.1%)
Unwrought
copper & copper
alloys
8433
5311 (0.9%)
Synthetic
organic dyes
6746
7416
Mining
7731
2816
Oil
8481
(1.5%)
6861
6584 (1.4%)
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
6672 (20%)
Tropical agric.
8441 (2.6%)
0360
(1.2%)
6672
2922 2640 (2.3%)
2221
0752 2929
2785
(1.1%)
(1.3%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8435 (2.9%)
6118 (4.8%)
6592
(0.92%)
6581 (4.4%)
0577 (5.4%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
1988
0741 (16%)
2008
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
0751
5823
0545
0579
indonesia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.007 / (61/10)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.8
0.02
0.82
0.025
2008
0.03
0.035
0.04
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
600
480
360
240
120
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
1988
2320 (17%)
2231 (5.1%)
3330 (32%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
3330 (23%)
2876 (11%)
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2320 (8%)
4243
0721
4242 (3.2%)
0711 (7.9%)
0711
(3.2%)
3413 (17%)
2232
0751 (1.8%) 0741 (2.8%)
0548
0752
2873
0752 (1.3%)
2221
0615 2923 0813
0548 (1.3%)
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2472 (3.4%)
2872
2471 6871
(2.1%)
8999
(1.5%)
0360
2483
5723
6584
6841 (1.8%)
2114
2872 (1.8%)
2871 (1.7%)
6612
8973
8439 8441
8435
8423
8462
8463
6344
(0.87%)
6349
6531
1211
0360 (3%)
6534
6516
0342 6871
(1.6%)
0341
5621
6727
0711
8510 (1.6%)
Footwear
8459 (1%)
Other knitted
outerwear
8439
8451
8429
8465
6354
8441
0813
4244
(1.3%)
8462
8423
0721 (0.75%)
0577
6514
4243
6516
3354 (2.1%)
6821
8219 (1.2%)
Furniture parts
N.E.S.
7731 (0.84%)
Electric wire
8211
7781
6342 (0.91%)
2483
5225
(0.51%)
6415 (1.7%)
Paper &
paperboad in
rolls or sheets
2517 (1.3%)
Chemical wood
pulp, soda or
sulphate
6412
(0.58%)
7452
(0.81%)
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6871 (1.7%)
0360 (1%)
Unwrought tin & alloys Fresh, chilled,
frozen or salted
crustaceans &
0342
molluscs
5146
6251
0372
5541
4313
6822
6744
7641
6716
0914
5823
(0.53%)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.935
0.94
0.945
0.95
0.955
0.96
0.965
0.97
0.01
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
1.4 k
1.1 k
840
560
280
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6592 (5.7%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
3330 (87%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 72 M / (18/2)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 99 B / (35/3)
3330 (88%)
6592
(5.3%)
2631 (2.4%)
0577
(2.8%)
0577 2922
0575 0752
2117
(0.84%)
2117
2919
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0579
3330 (87%)
6592 (5.7%)
2631 (2.4%)
0577 2922
2117
2919
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
ireland
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.231 / (18/10)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.01
0.015
Distance
2008
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
32 k
25.6 k
19.2 k
12.8 k
6.4 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0111 (13%)
6672 (8%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8983 (3.9%)
7522 7721
0111 (5.9%)
0230 (2.9%)
0240
(1.7%)
7758 6954
0121 (3%)
0620
2874 (2.3%)
0015 (2.5%)
0149
(1.4%)
0116
0112 (1.7%)
0230 (3.7%)
0240 (2.2%)
0224
2008
0113
0115
0012
6114 (1.4%) 2681
2111 2919
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2875
(1%)
2789
6512
(0.78%)
0360
5413
(1.4%)
2772
(2.5%)
0819
8472
(1.9%)
1123 (3.4%)
5415
(1.2%)
8731
6931 6623
8720
6519 8960
6584
6940 7452
7764
(1.4%)
7599 (6.2%)
6251
7525 7528 7822
(0.84%)
7757 8841
7649
(0.96%) 7722
8720 5417 (3.1%)
(1.4%)
5156 (4.1%)
8942
0011
0015 0112
(1.6%)
0149 0116
0980 (5.4%)
6733
5148
6658
0541 0542
5514
(1.1%)
5989 5154
8748 5146
5147
8939
5922
(1.4%)
0224 (1.8%)
2111
7731
(1.3%)
5413 5530
6522 6514
6534
7414
8462
6652
8921
9410
6210
6521
8510
0980
0730
(1.1%)
0620
1124 (1.9%) 1123 2873
(1.1%)
5139
2772 (1.8%)
8931
5621
2665
3224
8924
7522 (1.9%)
Digital data
processing
machines
8841
(1.2%)
7525
(1.1%)
7528
8996 (3.3%)
Orthopaedic appliances
0111 (1.9%) Bovine meat
0980 (0.94%)
1124 (0.85%)
Alcoholic
beverages
0730
0149
5989 (4.3%) Chemical products
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
7523 (6.6%)
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0011 (17%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
5155
(0.73%)
5145
(0.6%)
5157 (1.1%)
0484
5146
5413 (1.4%)
Antibiotics
5139
5530
5419
5415
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0240
(0.86%)
Cheese &
curd
5922
0230
0224
2873
2875
israel
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.164 / (19/1)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
2.5
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2008
1.5
0.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-0.5
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.005
0.01
Distance
2008
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
8.6 k
6.8 k
5.1 k
3.4 k
1.7 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0571 (19%)
0572 (6.8%)
2221
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7499 (3.2%)
7284
(2%)
2871
2008
6998
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6612
0579
0545
0561
8481
6513
(2.3%)
5221
6521
6517 7928
8960
2665
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
7788
7929 (3%)
7643 7781
7757 7763 7149
9510 7452
7768 7754
8710
6259
7528
8748
8742 5232 2713 0585 (3.3%)
0571
0572
(1.1%)
(1.9%)
8720
7741
2927
2631
5222 5622
0579 0589 (1.7%)
(0.9%)
5629
0980 0546
7131
7622
(2.2%)
7649
4232
2927
0589
(1.8%)
6672 (37%)
0813
8472 (3.4%)
Food Processing
2634
0585 (4.7%)
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
6672 (40%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
8973
6954
7281
8946
5623
(1.8%)
5911 8939
5914 (1%)
2782
7641
5834 8462
(1.1%)
5831 8459
6514 0149
8424
7742 (1.3%)
X-ray
apparatus
7741 (0.89%)
8742
8720
7788 (1.4%)
Other electrical
machinery &
equipment
N.E.S.
7622
(0.55%)
5839
7723
5112
8939
(1.8%)
6954 (1.6%)
Interchangeable
hand and machine
tools
7452 (0.75%)
8749
6572
7492
7929 (2.6%) Aircraft
equipment parts N.E.S.
7149
5629 (4%) Fertilizers
5622
(1.1%)
Phosphatic
fertilizers
5913 (1.1%)
Herbicides
5222
0980
5832 (0.8%)
0579
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6514
italy
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.308 / (16/8)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-0.5
0.5
0.52
0.54
0.56
0.58
-0.07
0.6
2008
-0.06
-0.05
-0.04
-0.03
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
9k
7.2 k
5.4 k
3.6 k
1.8 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7411
(2.7%)
8510 (8.2%)
7851
6782
7281
7243
8472 (7.9%)
6584
6517
0575 0571
6114
2927
5513
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6732 6842
6341
8942 7511 0545 (1.6%) 0589
6924
6911
(0.95%)
0585
6633
8842 6652 6960
8124
0565
7852 8952 8998
6746
5413
8922 5629
6613
6822 6783
(1.1%)
5221
8921
6573
2665
5148
3345 5621
(1%)
(0.91%)
8310 6513
8973
6998
2671
(1.7%)
0572
0574
0577
(1.5%)
8471 6541
2731
7244 (3.1%)
7452
6512
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
7810 (10%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 60 M / (22/4)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 542 B / (7/4)
7493 7272
6940 7491
6782 7162
7428
7449
7283
7369
7434
7439
6783
8219
(2.4%)
6624
(2%)
6732
7414
7752
6911
6842
6997
7224
7361
8510 (5.7%)
6542
6522
8471
6514
6534
8439
8451 (2.9%)
0240
6543
6541
8921
6573
5839
6973
6822
7783 7362
7373 6785
8310
8459
8211 8939
(1.6%) (1.3%)
5147
6412 5834 6210
8973 (2.9%)
6114
6613
(1.5%)
2665
7853
7248
0575
0240
7416
(0.95%)
7493
8219 (2.2%)
Furniture parts
N.E.S.
6624
6732 (1.2%)
Iron/steel rods
8310 (1%)
8439 (0.78%)
8211 (1%)
8451
6997
(0.85%)
7731
(0.83%)
6911
7752
8432
8481
6552
8471
6428
8422
7281
7234
7758
7224
7431
7499
7372
7436
7272
8121
7822
7162
7428
7361
7362
7139
7239
6991
6785
7491
7413
7212
6842
(0.72%)
7414
8463
6522
8842
7449
5417 (3.2%) Medicaments
7441
0565
0730
6954
6782
7283
6731
7851
6783 (1.1%)
Other iron or
steel tubes &
pipes
6822 (0.72%)
8939 (1.1%)
Miscellaneous
articles of plastic
8743
7132
6746
6572
6727
0484
8124
7415
6749
7751
8947
6744
7757
7932 (1.4%)
Ships & boats
7149
7929
0483
6613
7853
5530 (0.78%)
5831
(0.59%)
7921
0980
(0.62%)
6210
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
8973 (1.5%)
Precious jewellery
6998
(0.55%)
6114
(0.89%)
0240
Jamaica
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.343 / (81/13)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.01
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
1.2 k
960
720
480
240
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2873 (42%)
0611 (13%)
8462 (5.8%)
8459 (2.3%)
8465 8441
(1.6%) (1.6%)
8463 (1.7%)
0611 (8%)
0573
(2.8%)
0589
8471
(1.8%)
8433
8435
(1%)
5121
(1.7%)
0711
0612 0571
(1.2%)
0751
0360 0344
(1.1%)
0342
5832
8212
(0.97%)
1124 (2.5%)
Alcoholic beverages
0721
3345
(0.87%)
8434
1221
(0.94%)
0751
EXPORT
TREEMAP
1124 (4.7%)
0615 (1.3%)
0585
2008
8429
(1.2%)
8423 (2.7%)
0573 (9.9%)
1124 (2.1%)
Mining
8451 (2.2%)
5225 (14%)
Oil
8439 (3%)
0612 (4.6%)
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
2873 (47%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
0548
(1.3%)
7932 (3.6%)
0980 (1.1%)
Edible products
N.E.S.
0484
1110
0589
0579
5156 (1.3%)
Heterocyclic
compound;
nucleic acids
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5114
2820 (1%)
japan
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 2.316 / (1/1)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.4
2.4
2.2
2.2
2008
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
2
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.64
0.66
0.68
0.7
0.72
-0.05
-0.045
Distance
2008
-0.04
-0.035
-0.03
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
6.1 k
4.8 k
3.6 k
2.4 k
1.2 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7821 (2.3%)
6731
7932 (12%)
6746
(2.6%)
6783
(1.9%)
7919
7411 6785
(1.3%)
7271
7783
6749 8942
(1.9%) (2%)
6747
(1.5%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7491
(1.1%)
8812
6940
6522 (3.4%)
6354
6584
6664
6521
6732
6624
6665 (1.3%)
8952 8994 7731 6911
6953
7781 8841
8982
7511 8852 5621
6931 7782 (1.3%)
7821 (3.4%)
8998
6998
6612
6573 6512
0589 0611
(0.96%)
5231
7721
(1.6%)
7234
(1.1%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
7649 (2.7%)
8822
8748
7641 (1.9%)
7599
(3%)
5156
8742
8947 7761
7763 7642
8811
7415
7512 7762
8841 8710
7712
8982
7621
8851
(0.99%)
8952
6531
7932
(1.8%)
7853
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
8851 7852
8811 (1.4%)
6770
7810 (19%)
7764 (3.1%)
6960
7512
6517
7788 (1.4%)
8947
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7822
7832
6781
8710
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
1988
7244 (1.8%)
2008
7810 (6.7%)
7851 (3.1%)
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
7721 (2.2%)
Switchboards,
relays
&
fuses
7431
7367
7161
7139 (1.1%)
7499
Piston
engines parts
N.E.S.
6954
7851
(0.94%)
Motorcycles
7138
(0.51%)
7436
7831
7722
7415
7518
7648
6940
8743
7133
6782
5112
(0.91%)
5839 (0.75%)
5156
8742
(0.5%)
8822
8748
2331
7741
7712
6727
6749
6746
7162
7441
2820
5833
5823
6744
(0.66%)
6725
6252
6822
(0.59%)
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6745
6733
7782
6821
jordan
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.325 / (45/3)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.015
0.02
Distance
2008
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
1.4 k
1.1 k
840
560
280
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0542 (5.8%)
0571
(2.4%)
0574
(1.2%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
2713 (54%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2713 (30%)
5623 (18%)
0545 (7.9%)
0579
0575
0544 (2.8%)
0460 (2%)
1222
(1.7%)
0577
0811
0430
0545 (2.5%)
3330 (11%)
0579
(1.1%)
0544 (3.1%)
6612 (3%)
5622
2008
5629 (13%)
5622
(2.2%)
7283
5231
5621
5417 (3.8%)
7131
8439 (1.6%)
Other women
outerwear
8451 (1.3%)
7162 (1.1%)
AC electric
motors &
generators
8463 (1.2%)
Knitted
undergarments of
synthetic fibers
8434 (0.83%)
1110
5231 (0.72%)
5629
(0.63%)
6749
8931
8973 (1.8%)
Precious
jewellery
8939
5530
5334
0819
5542
5335
9710 (1.2%)
Gold,
non-monetary
8219
6428
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6842
7414
7751
2882
6612
4312 (1.1%)
7415
7929 (1.2%)
Aircraft
equipment parts
N.E.S.
7131
7831
0579
5622
(1.1%)
6973
5222 (3.8%)
Non-metals inorganic
acids & oxygen
compounds
0012
8743
5232
5629
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0572
0577
1222
7149 (2.4%) 2882 (2.1%)
0620
7821
6731
0571
(1.6%)
0114
0149
0251
0224
1222
kazakhstan
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.608 / (92/23)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.01
0.94
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
4.6 k
3.6 k
2.7 k
1.8 k
920
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6821 (11%)
6716 (5.5%)
6746 (3.4%)
6811 (7.5%)
6861
(3.1%)
6727 (3.8%)
6744
(1.1%)
6745
2681 (3%)
2116
2111
5241 (2.9%)
6899
(0.83%)
6851
2881
2682
5221
(1.8%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
3330 (53%)
6821 (7.8%)
6716 (3.9%)
5224
2873 (2.2%)
6733
6747
6861 (2%)
2631
(2.9%)
3222 (2.9%)
0371
5629 3345
(0.94%) 0411
6851
6841
2875
2008
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
3330 (39%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 16 M / (55/7)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 71 B / (42/6)
6746
(2.7%)
6811 (1.7%)
6749
(1.6%)
6747 6822
6899 2816
6727
(1.4%)
6744
2820
(1.1%)
2631
5232
2879 (0.68%)
2816 (1.2%)
Agglomerated
iron ore
2873 (0.73%)
2871
(0.53%)
6861
(0.95%)
Unwrought
zinc &
alloys
6811
7924
5241 (1.9%)
2741
Radioactive chemical
elements
6851
9710 (0.82%)
6822
(0.51%)
6746 (0.78%)
2815 (0.72%)
3222
(1.2%)
Other coal
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2820
(0.87%)
6114
0460
(1.3%)
kenya
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.276 / (73/3)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.02
0.86
0.025
2008
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
0.05
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
170
136
102
68
34
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0741 (20%)
2114
2120
6118
2911
5232
(2.4%)
2631 (3.5%)
2654 (3.3%)
0440 (9.1%)
0545 (4.1%)
0579 (3.1%)
0585
(1.4%)
0565
6113
0344
(0.94%)
6115
6116 (2%)
6114 (1.9%)
0577
2654
5232
(1.7%)
2927 (4%)
2929
0615
2111
2114
5989 2785 6673
(0.83%)
5322 8741 8997
0914 (1%)
Margarine
6421
(0.64%)
2929
0488
8439 (1.5%)
Other women
outerwear
8459 (1.5%)
Other knitted
outerwear
0565
5541
(0.97%)
Soaps
0585
(0.54%)
5621
8510
(0.91%)
Footwear
8423
8921
6842
(0.74%)
6732
8432
6911
(0.64%)
3510
7144
6996
8451
5542
(0.62%)
5543
0579
(0.59%)
0620
6974 (0.82%)
0542
1222 (2.1%)
Cigarretes
2926 (1.2%)
Mining
Oil
0589 (4.1%)
5322 (2%)
9610
Coal
Precious Stones
0741 (28%)
0577 (1.4%)
0615
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
0819 8921
2634 2235
6612
0589
(0.84%) 2221
0813 2876
(2%)
7131 8731 6354
EXPORT
TREEMAP
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0711 (34%)
0149 (3.1%)
2111
2008
Animal Fibers
1988
0711 (29%)
2929 (3%)
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 39 M / (31/6)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 5.1 B / (96/10)
4242 (1.2%)
1212
2783
(0.94%)
2785
2882
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0343
6116
8928 (0.98%)
6651
korea, republic
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.469 / (12/3)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.005
Distance
2008
0.01
0.015
0.02
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
8.7 k
6.9 k
5.2 k
3.4 k
1.7 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8510 (4.6%)
8999 (14%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
7764 (4.5%)
0548 (7.1%)
Tropical agric.
1988
8472 (23%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 49 M / (24/7)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 422 B / (12/3)
7649 (1.7%)
8481 (3.5%)
6531
(3.2%)
8983 (1.4%)
6575
(1.6%)
6560
(1.4%)
2924 (2.7%)
8471
2613 (7.4%)
6541 (7.3%)
6521 (5.5%)
2874
(1.2%)
2785
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2919
8942
(2.3%)
7611
(2.2%)
7642
2614
7523
8429
6727 (1.6%) 6744 6746 (1.3%)
7810 (6.1%)
7788
(0.79%)
5621 (1.2%)
6597
6960
7758
(1.8%)
6251
7932 (2.8%)
6940
7416 (0.63%)
6534 6541
6516
8431 8462
8421
8842 0360 0342 8939
(1.1%)
6573
0344 3345
0341
8483 6512 5629
6613
8972
2929 6612
7781 (0.92%)
Batteries
6785
7247
7831
7361
7133
7932 (11%) Ships & boats
7599 (1.9%)
Parts of cash
registers &
calculating
machines
6974
6783
7525 (2%)
Control &
peripheral
hardware
8310
8482 (2.3%)
8451 (2.6%)
7525
7641 7622
2789
2879 (4.3%)
6511
2929
8997
8310
6584
8947
7788 7628 7522 7763
7638 (3%)
7431
6749 (1.6%) Other 6746 (1.3%)
worked iron/steel Iron/steel
sheets
<3mm tick
sheets
6727 (1.2%)
Iron/steel coils
6783
6822 (0.83%)
6733
8841 (0.81%)
7722
7788 (0.86%)
7938 (2%)
Other electrical 7415
machinery &
equipment
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate
percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
7731 (0.9%)
Electric wire
7752
6842
6552
(0.95%)
6531
6514
6770
6745
5833 (1.1%)
5823 (0.93%)
Polyesters
3354
kuwait
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.219 / (116/14)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.986
0.988
0.99
0.992
-0.02
0.994
2008
0.02
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
18 B
14.4 B
10.8 B
7.2 B
3.6 B
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
1988
EXPORT
TREEMAP
3330 (79%)
3330 (100%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
3413
(8%)
3345
(3.9%)
5621 (2.5%)
3352
5221
(0.82%)
6531
(0.8%)
6911
6649
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
kyrgyz republic
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.240 / (69/21)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.02
Distance
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
310
248
186
124
62
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2112 (6.6%)
2116 (5.4%)
6746 (6.1%)
6744 6745
(1.5%)
2111 (3.4%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
1211 (5.7%)
3510 (11%)
2631 (5%)
6727
2117 6114
2631 (8.3%)
0542
(1.1%)
7832
(2%)
6513 2614
6522
5241 (1.7%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6732 (2.1%)
2682
(1.8%)
2634
5629
5221
2882
6924
2111
2116
(1.2%)
0240
6899
2820
(1.2%)
8931
8433 (1.2%)
Dresses
8434
(0.99%)
Skirts
8423
0914 (1%)
8931
(0.56%)
0546
6421
0545 (1.2%) Other
fresh or chilled
vegetables
2890
6644 (3.1%)
Unworked
surface-ground cast
glass
2732
6811
3354
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0542 (2%)
Dried or shelled
legumes
0577 (1.1%)
0544
8432 (1.1%)
Women's suits
6841
7831 (1.5%)
7782 (2.8%)
5241
6618
5221
2882
Food Processing
9710 (52%)
6783 6733
(1.2%)
6725
2681 (9.5%)
2008
Garments
6747 (2.9%)
6899 (11%)
2879 (5%)
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
2001
2882 (13%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
0730
1211 (1.4%)
Unstripped tobacco
0575 (1.2%)
Grapes &
raisins
0223 (1.6%)
Fresh milk &
cream
2112
(0.63%)
6114
0240
(0.92%)
0011
2685
0980
7782 (2.1%)
Incandescent &
fluorescent
bulbs
2820
(1%)
6618
(0.51%)
5221
(0.56%)
lao PDR
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.880 / (102/14)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.86
0.88
0.9
0.92
0.01
0.94
0.02
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
220
176
132
88
44
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0711 (26%)
0752 2221
0542
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Misc. Agriculture
Not classified
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
2876 (37%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2472 (45%)
2820 (11%)
2882 (11%)
6545
0577
2924
2922
2483 (19%)
0711 (4.6%)
2483 (12%)
2471 (6.6%)
2923 (2.1%) 2924
(1.3%)
6811 (6.8%)
6584
8423
6552
8441
2911 (1.9%)
2111
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8441 (2.3%)
Men's
undershirt
2871 (4%)
8463 (1.6%)
8429
Knitted
undergarments of
synthetic fibers
2732
3222
2876
6899
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0440 (1.4%)
Unmilled maize
5221
8439 (0.78%)
7731
2320 (0.95%)
Natural rubber,
latex & gums
0545
latvia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.594 / (39/13)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.66
0.68
0.7
0.72
0.74
0.76
0.78
Distance
2008
10
Opportunity Gain
15
x 10
-3
Evolution of
export composition
4.1 k
3.2 k
2.4 k
1.6 k
820
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2482 (11%)
2471
(5.2%)
2472 (3.9%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2882 (3.4%)
5225 (3.8%)
8423
8439
8431
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8434 6514
(1.1%)
8424
8451 8429
8465
6712 (1.5%) 6744
6831
(0.88%) 6716
6841 (2%)
2008
6821
(1.3%)
6584
6733
6731
3345 5824
2631 (2.1%)
6341
6359
0342 0371
(1.2%) 0341
8219 (4.7%)
2483
2111
6114
(0.94%)
5922
6342 (3.7%)
2820 3224
(1.2%)
6992
6770
6353
(3.1%)
6633
8211
6343
6911
2471 (3.3%)
2460
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
3224
6512
0344
6359 (2.1%) 6341
6553
6584
8219
(1.2%)
5623 (3.9%)
Food Processing
6732
(1.4%)
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
2482 (17%)
6342
(2.1%)
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
2001
3330 (28%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
3222
0980 8931 1222
0585 1110 0412
6421
8939
5335
(0.53%)
8921
2483 (1.1%)
Worked wood of
non-coniferous
5989
(1.2%)
0240
(0.95%)
Cheese &
curd
6546
(0.5%)
0412 (3%) Other wheat
& meslin, unmilled
0223 (1.4%)
1222
(0.98%)
Cigarretes
0371 (1.7%)
Fish N.E.S.
0341
0344
6997 (0.86%)
6343 (1.8%) Improved
wood & reconstituted
wood
7721 (1.5%)
Switchboards,
relays & fuses
8121
7842
7436
6359 (1.6%)
Manufactured of wood
N.E.S.
6783
(0.89%)
6744
(0.87%)
0430
6633
(0.73%)
6746
1124 (2.3%)
Alcoholic beverages
7131
(0.59%)
0484
8211
6733
6745
7861
7868
6749 (0.81%)
3510
7643
(1.2%)
Television & 8465
radio
transmitters
8451
6584
8423
6552
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6519
5225 (1.5%)
Inorganic bases &
metallic oxides,
hydroxides &
peroxides
6612
6841 (0.72%)
2882
(0.69%)
6794
lebanon
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.403 / (44/2)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.72
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.01
0.015
Distance
2008
0.02
0.025
0.03
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
870
696
522
348
174
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2681
(1.4%)
2117
(1.9%)
2682 0114
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8921 (2.2%)
6118 2116
2114 5335 8922
0571 (3.3%)
0542 (3.3%)
0572 (1.7%)
2008
0813
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7283
0541 7131
(0.77%)
0812 6842
(1.4%)
6781
6421
0484
9610 (2.3%)
8310
0545
6785
6618
8830 2820
7731
2221 6732
6973
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
0571
(2.4%)
0574 0575
(1.2%)
0572
0579 (3%)
6673
(1.3%)
2882 (2.6%)
5222
5622
(1.2%)
8973 6612 7928 (2.3%) 7821 (1.3%) 0980 0579 0585
0574 (6.6%)
Not classified
0014
6611
Misc. Agriculture
8973 (19%)
5417 (2.3%)
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
3330 (29%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
6612
8421 (3.9%)
0980
6842 (2.2%) 8219
(0.81%)
8122
6584
6624
6911
8471
8921 (4.9%)
8431
8472
8510 (3.4%)
6513
6592
0620 0565
(0.85%) (0.79%)
1110
0541 (3.7%)
0577 2238
2919
(1.4%)
2111
7929
7272 8124
8423
1211 (1.1%)
7711
2820
(1.5%)
6423 6651
6911
6924
9510
7252
7283
7272
7752 (1.1%)
7731 (1.9%) Electric wire
6998
7414 (0.74%)
7861
5530 (1.6%)
Perfumery &
cosmetics
6912
8939 (1.2%)
Miscellaneous
articles of plastic
5831 (1.1%)
Polyethylene
5832
5839
6613
6423
7853
5834
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
7131
8928
5222 (3.2%) Non-metals inorganic acids & oxygen
compounds
0565 (1.2%)
Prepared or
preserved
vegetables
0980 (1%)
0620
(0.76%)
5334
7138
7144
(0.83%)
6417 (0.7%)
6997
6353 (0.7%)
6421
(0.69%)
0585
8931
(0.57%)
4235
7169
0574
0571
8433
(0.69%)
8510
(0.57%)
6534
7436
6783
8124
(0.86%)
Other iron
or steel
0481
tubes & 1211 (1.1%)
pipes Unstripped
tobacco
liberia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.128 / (112/18)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.975
0.98
0.985
2008
0.02
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
1.2 k
960
720
480
240
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6672 (24%)
2771
(5.4%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7932 (41%)
6672 (20%)
2815 (12%)
2816 (6.1%)
7932 (13%)
2232
7933
(4.3%)
2472
(4.1%)
2320 (9.2%)
2472 (9%)
0721
0711
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
9710
(1.3%)
5225
6672
(0.71%)
2815
2882
2320 (25%) Natural rubber, latex & gums
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2820
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
2320 (39%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
libya
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.304 / (119/16)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.986
0.988
0.99
0.992
0.994
-0.02
Distance
2008
0.02
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
9.3 k
7.4 k
5.5 k
3.7 k
1.8 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
1988
EXPORT
TREEMAP
3330 (92%)
3330 (100%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
5111
5621
3352
5834
5121
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
lithuania
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.683 / (36/10)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-0.5
0.6
0.65
-5
0.7
2008
Opportunity Gain
Distance
10
x 10
-3
Evolution of
export composition
7.1 k
5.6 k
4.2 k
2.8 k
1.4 k
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
8424
(1.5%)
0224 (6.6%)
6517
6544 6522
2882
(2.4%)
6831
(1%)
6744 (1.4%)
2111
2112
2008
2483
0011
(1.7%)
0371
8431
(1.8%)
3224
0545
7731 (2.3%)
0585 2631
6542
7810 (8.1%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
5621 (3.6%)
6517
6584
(1.2%)
6534
0819 (2.5%)
6544
6521
7761 (3.4%)
8429
2690
8463
3510 (1.5%)
7931
7752
2483
(1.3%)
6353
8211
8212 6343
0240
(2.9%)
7518
0224
(1.9%)
7923
0230
6114 2111
6113
03440342
6130
6416
5834
0371
6359
6421
2882
6612
2890
2820
(1.1%)
3224
7752
(0.72%)
2483
(0.71%)
6911 (1.1%)
Iron/steel
structures
8211 (1.6%)
Chairs & seats
6359 (1%)
6997
8212
0223
2472
5922
6618
7414
0111 (0.87%)
Bovine meat
0013
0114
0224
2482
3510
4239
0371 (1.2%)
0574 (1%)
Fresh apples
0544
0612
0344
(0.48%)
6940
8121
7224
7211
8463 (1.1%)
8459
(0.59%)
8439
8431
7492 (1.1%)
8424
7832 (0.91%)
5334
1222 (1.2%)
Cigarretes
0011
7219
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
8459
(1.4%)
2471
2226
0546 0586
0342
Tropical agric.
8219 (3.6%)
2482 (2.4%)
5629 (3%)
8451
(1.4%) 8434
6727
2820 (5.7%)
8424
6342
6416 6343
7752
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8423 (1.9%)
6733
6899
0240
6113
7522
(1.4%)
6821
(1.3%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8439 (3%)
7761
(1.5%)
7523 (2%)
5621 (6.4%)
6114
(1.2%)
2001
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8439
(2.6%)
8423
(1.5%)
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
7938 (1.3%)
Special floating
structures
6589
8435
2820 (1.8%) Iron &
steel waste
8433
6635
3224
2890
5921
5825
5831 (0.82%)
7611 (1.3%)
5834
6770
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5225
3354
macedonia, fyr
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.018 / (62/20)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.9
0.02
2008
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
0.05
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
1.9 k
1.5 k
1.1 k
760
380
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8439 (2.6%)
6584 (2.3%)
8431 (2.4%)
8429 (2%)
8462
0586 (13%)
6521
6583
6516
6517
8421
6589
8433
1121 (2.2%) 0546
(1.6%)
6744 (2.1%)
6954
(1%)
6785
7731
(2.7%)
6822
6841 (3%)
6861
2483
(1.1%)
8211
8435 (5.9%)
2116
6113
2111
6842
2924
8483
0112
5221
2665
8459 (1.9%)
8431 (2.6%)
8462 (1.8%)
8423 (1.8%)
8439 (3.7%)
6861 (5%)
6584 8421
(1%)
8422
8429
6851
(1.1%)
6612
(1.3%)
1222 (2.6%)
2875
2871
0544
Mining
1121 (2.8%)
0545 0565
5417 (2.3%)
1110
0980
0730
5629
6123
8434
6744 (8.3%)
6749 (3.7%)
6552
8463
6783 (1.6%)
7731 (2.8%)
6746 (1.6%)
6911
6727
5233
6733
5834
0112
(1.2%)
8483
6935
6716 (2.8%)
6842
2875 (1.4%)
Zinc
2882
8431 (2.2%)
Women's coats
& jackets
8510 (2%)
Footwear
8462 (0.87%)
6123 (0.81%)
7758
6612
(0.55%)
6785
6623
(0.6%)
8434
8424
8463
0980
6584
8433
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
8429
0579
0620
8973
1211 (3.4%) Unstripped
tobacco
0565
6998
8459 (2.4%)
Other knitted
outerwear
0545
(1.2%)
2731
0484
(0.86%)
7932 (1.3%)
Oil
1211 (4.5%)
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
8510 (3.1%)
8424 (1.8%)
6114
(1.2%)
Misc. Agriculture
7758
2731
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
8441 (6.4%)
6821 (5.6%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6513
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
2001
8441 (8.4%)
2008
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 2 M / (121/25)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 3.8 B / (104/22)
0544
(0.97%)
Fresh or
chilled
tomatoes
5417 (2%)
Medicaments
0575
6911 (1.4%)
Iron/steel
structures
6633 (1%)
Non ceramic
mineral
materials
7731
N.E.S.(0.69%)
5335
6624
8212
4236
8939
6732 (1%)
Iron/steel
rods
0112
(0.58%)
0372
madagascar
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.594 / (90/8)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
3
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
2.5
22% of WT
3
2.5
2008
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.9
0.92
0.02
0.03
Distance
2008
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
140
112
84
56
28
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0422 (9%)
0149 (2.3%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0752 (19%)
0612 (7%)
0011
2221
(1.2%) 2111
0360
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0751 (1.6%)
2923 (1.8%)
0611
0615 2924 (1.7%)
0548 0812
0573 (1.7%)
0711 (27%)
0751
(2.7%)
0612
0577
(0.97%) 2785
2631 6521 (5.4%)
5513
(1.4%)
2785
0615
2879 (4.3%)
0579
(1.7%)
2924
0371 (2.2%)
Fish N.E.S.
0721 (1.1%)
Raw &
roasted coffee
beans
5513 (0.97%)
8439 (12%) Other women outerwear
8459 (2.4%)
Other knitted
outerwear
8471 (2.2%)
Clothing
accessories of
textile fabrics
Mining
Oil
Coal
0721
(1.6%)
0564 6597
(0.88%)
0721
Precious Stones
2782 (1.6%)
0542 (2.1%)
0752 (27%)
2119
5513 (4.4%)
Food Processing
0111 (1.9%)
2654 (2.6%)
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0711 (31%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 19 M / (50/11)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 1.7 B / (119/23)
8462 (1.9%)
Knitted
undergarments of
cotton
8441 (1.5%)
Men's
undershirt
8433
8429
6421
6575
8463
8997
8424
0586
(0.93%)
0565
6673
2482
8851
8998
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
malawi
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.024 / (106/15)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
3
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.02
Distance
2008
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
62
49.6
37.2
24.8
12.4
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0741 (13%)
6521
2221
0548 (11%)
2221 (21%)
2634
(2.3%)
0577 6522
0611 (8.4%)
0542
(4.8%)
0711 (3.6%)
2631 (2%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
1212 (52%)
0440 (16%)
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0741 (39%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 15 M / (56/14)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 926 M / (128/26)
1211 (8.8%)
8462
0612
(2.5%)
0542 8423
(1.6%)
2111
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8451 (1.2%)
2631 (2.5%) Raw cotton
0577
2221
8429
8471
2224 (1.8%)
Sunflower seeds
0440 (1.5%)
Unmilled maize
0542 (1.8%)
Dried or shelled
legumes
7861
0751
0711
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0615
2483
5541
malaysia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.759 / (34/7)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.8
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.005
0.01
Distance
2008
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
7.4 k
5.9 k
4.4 k
2.9 k
1.4 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2472 (16%)
2483 (5.5%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7622
(2.5%)
7763
(1.9%)
8482
2320 (13%)
2008
4243
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2232
7415
7768 (2.7%)
8482 (1.8%)
Parts N.E.S. of
Clothing
electronic circuits accessories
from rubber
7638 (1%)
7763 (2.7%) Diodes & 7649 (2%)
transistors
Parts of telecom
& sound
7722
recording
(0.96%)
equipment
8749
7758
7643 (1.7%)
Television &
radio
transmitters
7788
(0.99%)
7415
(0.93%)
7628
6342
(1.4%)
7638
7712
3330 (11%)
8459
(0.91%)
8441
4313
(1.6%)
4244
(1.2%)
0723
6871
(1.5%)
3413 (4.8%)
4312
0589
0360
4244
0723
(0.59%)
8973 (1.2%)
7641 (1.2%)
7628
7781
7621
7622
8219 (1.6%)
Furniture parts
N.E.S.
6342 (1.5%)
Sheets of
plywood
7757
7761
6822 (1.2%)
6783
Worked copper
& copper alloys
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
2483 (4.8%)
7621
4242 (6%)
0721
(1.8%)
0360
2472 (12%)
7649
(1.8%)
2873
4242
Not classified
7764 (13%)
7768 (1.4%)
0589
(1.6%)
Misc. Agriculture
7611 (1.5%)
6871 (19%)
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
2320 (46%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 27 M / (40/8)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 199 B / (20/6)
8748 (1%)
5137
Electrical
measuring &
controlling
5112
instruments6871 5138
N.E.S.
5831 (0.96%)
6911
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5621
5541
6998
4312 (1.5%)
Hydrogenated
oils
4313
(1.1%)
6210 (0.95%)
7853
5833
0360
6514
0224
mali
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.103 / (110/17)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
3
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2
2008
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
0.945
0.95
0.955
0.96
0.965
0.97
0.975
0.02
Distance
2008
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
150
120
90
60
30
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
2631 (75%)
0011 (31%)
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
2631 (34%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 13 M / (60/15)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 1.9 B / (115/19)
2119 (1.9%)
2116
(1.3%)
7144 (5.5%)
2223 (11%)
2221 (8.8%)
0012
0350 (5.5%)
0579
(2.8%)
0015
2111 2119
6672
(1.4%)
8960
2114
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7821
7234
0012
5629 (0.92%)
Fertilizers
0579
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
mauritania
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.907 / (128/26)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.965
0.97
0.975
0.98
0.985
0.99
-0.02
Distance
2008
0.02
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
610
488
366
244
122
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0350 (60%)
2922 (27%)
1988
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0360 (50%)
2815 (40%)
0615 (8.4%)
2789 (4.3%)
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0342 (6.1%)
0350
0341
2816 (3.5%)
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0814
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
mauritius
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.307 / (77/5)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.9
0.02
0.92
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
2.2 k
1.7 k
1.3 k
880
440
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
1988
0611 (89%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8462 (5%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
8451 (18%)
0615
(5.8%)
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
8441 (7.5%)
8423
(4.1%)
0611 (33%)
8459
(1.7%)
0612
(2.8%)
8439 (3.7%)
0741
(1.1%)
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8431
0741
8973 0371
(1.3%)
8942 8720
0612
6672
(1.8%)
8465
8481
6552
8464
8852
6783
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2871
8931
8972
5121
0819
(0.63%)
8921
5541
6649
5629
6912
mexico
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.145 / (20/1)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
2008
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
2.5
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
1.5
0.5
1.5
0.5
-0.5
-0.5
0.78
0.79
0.8
0.81
2008
10
15
Opportunity Gain
Distance
x 10
-3
Evolution of
export composition
2.7 k
2.1 k
1.6 k
1k
540
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0544 (4.9%)
0612 (6.2%)
2929 0615
(1.4%) (1.1%)
0542
2631 (16%)
0422 0440
(2.8%)
6851
(2%)
2785
(1.9%)
0111 (2.6%)
5513
2632 0611
(1%)
2654
0571
2634
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0586
(1.6%)
5415
(1.7%)
8942
5224
7788
6783
0579
8921 5221 6349
(1.2%)
(0.92%)
6624
6953
2783
6991 8743
7783 7169
7139
7434
6647 6782 7239
7599 (1.7%)
2871 2741
7731 (5.4%)
7712
7611
(2.1%)
0544
0611
7757 7723
0612
7415
5981
5138
1123 0360
(1.5%)
1124 0011 (1.1%)
6514
7721 (2.6%)
7139
Switchboards, relays &
fuses
9710
(1.2%)
2882
7783
(0.98%)
Auto parts
7849 (5%) Other vehicles parts
8743
7239
6991
7436
7832
7162 (0.81%)
7431
7132 (0.74%)
7758
6811
(0.74%)
7784
7611 (9.6%) Color T.V.
7649 (2.2%)
Parts of telecom
& sound
recording
equipment
8942
7711
(0.79%)
7752
7414
0545
(0.93%)
Other fresh
or chilled
8931
vegetables
0544
7149
8124
8720 (1.7%)
Medical
instruments N.E.S.
7915
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5138
0579
1123
1124
7641
7621
Mining
6861
6612
7788 (1.5%)
7621
(2.3%)
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
6811 (1.8%)
7162
7849 (4.4%)
6575
(0.84%)
6354
6513
3330 (26%)
7721 (2.7%)
2741 (6.2%)
0545 (2.1%)
7132 (4%)
7649 (3.6%)
0459
0616
0360 (6%)
6861
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7810 (8%)
0011 (5%)
2875
(1.7%)
Tropical agric.
1988
0711 (7.2%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
5530
8423
(0.67%)
moldova
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.266 / (50/18)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.76
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.015
Distance
2008
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
440
352
264
176
88
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6731 (5%)
8431 (2.5%)
8510 (2.2%)
8439
6584 (2.1%)
6521 (1.4%)
6724
(1.2%)
0612 (7.6%)
0611
(3.3%)
8422
8424
8443
6522 (1.4%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
1121 (2.3%)
8439
2820 6595
6413
8424
(0.9%)
8433
8435
4232
(0.6%)
1222 (0.79%)
2222
0440
5513
0585 (4.5%)
0565
(1.5%)
1124
6589
8510
8463
8421
8434 6596
8424
8310
6594
8432
0111
(1.1%)
0224
(1.2%)
0149
2111
7422
(1.1%)
7223
1211 (4.5%)
0612
(1.5%)
2925
(1.2%)
0574
7129
6651
(2.3%)
2732
8742
6353
8931 (0.8%)
1211
8219 (2%)
Furniture parts
N.E.S.
0980
(0.72%)
0612
6991
(0.82%)
Refined sugar 8731 (1.2%)
6911
6624
8212
6921
6996
8211
1124 (2.6%)
7239
Mining
Oil
Coal
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Precious Stones
2239 0412
(0.81%)
8451
8462 (1.9%)
8422
0565
0585
(1.3%)
Prepared or
preserved
vegetables
8421
4236 (3.2%) Sunflower seed oil
8439 (2.3%)
4236 0430
(1.5%)
8463 (0.76%)
8441
6594
8431 (2.7%)
0440
0546
0224
8921 5514
6123 (1%)
1121 (29%)
2111
2116
(0.95%) 2112
6114
6732
8510 (2.2%)
Footwear
5121
2882 (3.6%)
6996
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6421
0111 (3.3%)
7371
1211
(1.3%)
4236 2224 6618
(1.5%)
5513
0577
6415
6594
3510 (6.3%)
6733
Animal Fibers
Leather
7822 (4.2%)
2008
Petrochemicals
2001
6725 (18%)
6712 (2.1%)
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
6595
(1.3%)
7491
6975
8741
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
8939
2882 (0.99%)
Other
non-ferrous
base metals
6210
6114
6998
8742
0224
mongolia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.166 / (113/15)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.01
Distance
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
780
624
468
312
156
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2685 (11%)
2120
(7.6%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2683 (33%)
2114
6116
8483 (3.9%)
0113
(1.5%)
2687 (9%)
2681 (1.5%)
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2681 (2%)
2120 (6.1%)
6583
8451
6542
2690 8459
6516
6594 8484
6592
2871 (5.4%)
2789
(2.4%)
0115
2911
(1.7%)
Mining
2111 (1.9%)
2682 (1.8%)
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
2683 (75%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2879 (2.4%)
2872
(1.5%)
2482 (3.1%)
6595
2686
(0.9%)
5232
2631
2687
0115
0111
2919
2815 (7.6%) Not agglomerated iron ore
6821 (1.3%)
Unwrought
copper & copper
alloys
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
8451 (1.8%)
Knitted jerseys,
pullovers &
cardigans
8439
(0.6%)
7938
morocco
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.400 / (83/9)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.9
0.02
0.025
Distance
2008
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
0.05
0.055
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
640
512
384
256
128
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0541 (2.3%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
2713 (15%)
2713 (33%)
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0544 (7.1%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 32 M / (36/4)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 20 B / (66/11)
5222 (13%)
0571 (7.3%)
0544
(2%)
0541
0542
2929 (1.5%)
0542 (4.9%)
0430
2440
5629 (3.8%)
0752
0459
(2.3%)
0571 (17%)
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
1121 (2.3%)
0545
(2%)
2875
2789
2877
(1.6%)
2879
6118 2919
(0.94%)
0814
0561
0546
2517
6592
8439 (2.3%)
5622 (3.2%)
8441
(1.6%)
8452
8310
8424
8310
6584
6592
(1.7%)
6513
6539
0360 (6.3%)
2924
2631
0371 (2.9%)
0341
(1.2%)
0342
(0.86%)
0341 (0.89%)
Fresh or chilled
fish, excluding
fillets
0342
0814
5622 (2.7%)
Phosphatic fertilizers
7763 (3.2%) Diodes
& transistors
8439 (3.4%)
Other women
outerwear
8510 (1.4%)
Footwear
8435
(1.4%)
Blouses
8431 (1.3%)
8462 (1.2%) 8433
8463
8465
Women's coats Knitted
(0.99%) (0.97%)
& jackets
undergarments
of
cotton
8441 (0.69%) 8452 8422
8429 (1.1%)
8451
8459 (1%)
7721 (1.7%)
0545 (1.3%)
Switchboards, relays & Other fresh or
fuses
chilled
vegetables
6577
0579
0565 (1%)
Prepared or
preserved
vegetables
0586
6749 (0.8%)
2882
0544 (1.4%) Fresh or 0571 (2.2%) Fresh or
chilled tomatoes
dried oranges &
m&arines
8434
2929
6123
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6899
(0.63%)
6811
2874
2789
m0zambique
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.077 / (109/16)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.01
0.02
Distance
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
130
104
78
52
26
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0440 (18%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6725 (7.8%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0577 (20%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 22 M / (44/9)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 2.8 B / (108/15)
6733 (5.4%)
6746 (4.5%)
0577 (6.4%)
0612
(1.7%)
0615
(1.6%)
6744 (7.2%)
0741 (6.6%)
0611 (8%)
2231 (6.1%)
2789 2784
6861
2483 2111
(0.99%)
6716
(2.8%)
0360 (18%)
0571
0571
(1.5%)
0611 (3.4%)
6821 (3.9%)
6745
(1.1%)
2911
(1.1%)
4234
2516
2519
2784 3222 6732 (1.5%) 2472
(1.2%)
2879
6581 5322
0412
0342
(2.5%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0612
(1.6%)
0615
(1.2%)
2654
(2.2%)
2008
2879 (2%)
2820 (2.9%)
2225 (1.3%)
Sesame seeds
0577 (1.3%)
1211 (1.2%)
3510 (9.3%) Electric current
7234 (0.75%)
7239
2483 (0.92%)
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2472
2820
(0.79%)
Iron & steel
waste
namibia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.271 / (72/2)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.01
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
2.2 k
1.7 k
1.3 k
880
440
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2001
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0342 (17%)
0344 (4.3%)
0012 (2.6%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0360 0371
8928 (12%)
0342 (9.6%)
0111 (3.6%)
0011 (3%)
2860 (7.9%)
0112
6114
8928 (9.5%)
1110
5241 (6.4%)
9710 (1.9%)
2783
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2874
0575
0611
0814 0112
(1.9%)
0371
0360
0012 (1.2%)
1123 (3.4%)
6863 (1.9%)
6861
(2.3%)
7234 7822
2731
9710
8423
0575
(1.1%)
8435
8459
7851
8219 2450
0341
(1.4%)
2785
2785
2008
0344 (3.3%)
1123 (3.4%)
2771
0341
2875 (1.7%)
Zinc
Mining
6672 (31%)
0814
0011
Oil
0111 (2.1%)
0341
(1.7%)
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
2005
6672 (35%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2783
(0.55%)
0371
2731
0343
0111 (2.2%) Bovine
meat
0112 (1%)
0011 (0.92%)
0814
7821 (0.83%)
7851
7234
1212 (1%) Wholly 8219
or partly stripped (0.57%)
tobacco
0575
(0.75%)
Grapes &
raisins
netherlands
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.044 / (23/12)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
0.56
0.58
0.6
0.62
0.64
0.66
-0.04
-0.03
Distance
2008
-0.02
-0.01
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
33 k
26.4 k
19.8 k
13.2 k
6.6 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7742
(1.1%)
2331 (1.5%)
5137
(1.1%)
6419
5335 0819 6424
5161
5155
5162
2926
(2.8%)
0544
5414
5629 (1.5%) 5621 (1%) (2%)
5222 3352
0114 (2.3%)
5922
(1.1%)
0230
(1%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7788 (1.3%)
6712
7511 8983
7938
6672
(1.9%)
0620
3232
2783
1221
4313
3330
3354
1123
0914
0730
0619 6522 (1.4%) 2665 2820
6421
7731 6842 6911 6624 6412 6415
6517
8928
6960
6649
2690
5112 (2.4%)
6591
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
5111 (1.3%)
8939
(1.2%)
5417
(1.1%)
0113 (2%)
0240 (2.1%)
0224 (1.8%)
5413
5335
5834
0114
0013
0251
0149
0230
(1%)
0341
2927
(2.2%)
2926
(2.1%)
0723
2925
5922
0544
0813 1222
(0.99%) (1.2%)
0541
0488
0545 (1.4%) 0565 8931 5121 6842
6412
5621
(0.81%)
(0.97%)
0484 0121
1123 6911
0980
6415
(0.81%)
6428
7782 (1.5%) 0730
0619 5823
5833 6514
(1.4%)
(1%)
6841 (1.8%) 3414 (2.8%)
6725 6747
5241 2820 8928
6517
6745
7923 2882
6595
5832
7518 (2.7%)
Office machines
N.E.S.
7284 (2.7%)
Specialized industry
machinery & parts
N.E.S
7442
(0.73%)
7523 (1.6%)
CPUs
7638 (1.3%)
Video & sound
recorders
N.E.S.
7641
7528
7648
8942 (1.4%)
5989 (2.3%)
5112 (2%)
Chemical products Cyclic
hydrocarbons
8996
5111 (1.3%)
(1.4%)
Orthopaedic
appliances
5829
8720 (1.9%)
5839 (1.5%)
Medical
Other
instruments N.E.S. polymerization
&
5137
copolymarization
products
7741
7272
6954
6251
7212
8741
6418
7429
7219
0813
(0.77%)
Oilcake
4239
4232
2925
0546
1222 (1.4%)
Cigarretes
0730
4313
0121
4236
7441
0544
0575
5542
Animal feed
and food
waste
0111 (1.1%)
Bovine meat
0113 (0.88%)
5334
5514
5831 (1.3%)
Polyethylene
5834
0488
7938
0114
(0.82%)
Poultry
meat
0149
0251
5621 (0.75%)
3352
5138
7234
Tropical agric.
EXPORT
TREEMAP
5989 (1.5%)
0542
0481 1223
0545 (2.8%) 0484 0565 5121
0980
2919 2111
2008
1988
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
5989 (1.7%)
0113
(2.4%)
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 16 M / (54/6)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 546 B / (6/3)
0240
(1.5%)
Cheese &
curd
5221
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0224 (0.73%)
1123
(0.85%)
8928
6595
5823 (0.82%)
6841
(0.87%)
2511
2882
(0.59%)
7852
6428
0230
0223
5241
2879
6861
6514
new zealand
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.287 / (48/8)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.015
0.02
Distance
2008
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
7.2 k
5.7 k
4.3 k
2.8 k
1.4 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0111 (11%)
2681 (15%)
2471
(3.5%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0111 (9.4%)
2682 (7.2%)
0015
0230 (13%)
0240 (5%)
2517
0224 (4%)
2117 (3.9%)
2682 (8.2%)
5922 (2.2%)
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
2517
(1.7%)
6411
(1.1%)
6413
2519
6416
7752
0545
5121
0980
0730
0546
0574 (2.9%)
4113
0224 (6.3%)
0012
5922 (2.9%) 2117 (3.2%)
0230 (5.7%)
0240 (2.5%)
0574
2919 (2.2%) 0360 (1.2%)
2925
Coal
0112 (9.2%)
0015
(1.1%)
0116
6411
(1.7%)
4113
Precious Stones
2681 (6.3%)
0116 (2%)
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0112 (20%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2919
(1.6%)
2111
2111
2112
0814
(0.83%)
6115
0542
2925
6749 6594
5530
0224 (15%) Preserved, concentrated or sweetened milk & 0230 (5.2%) Butter
cream
2482 (2.5%)
Worked wood of
coniferous
2471 (2.2%)
Sawlogs &
veneer logs of
coniferous
6416 (0.73%)
0546
6353
6997
0730
0545
1110
5121
0112 (8.4%) Sheep & goat meat
0619
0342 (1.2%)
2919
0118 (0.99%)
Other animal
meats
4113
0116
0149
0015
2117
6114
2682 (1.2%)
Degreased sheep
or lambs wool
6418
2681
7188
6731
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2517 (1.2%)
6413
Chemical wood
pulp, soda or
2519
sulphate
7932 (0.98%)
Ships & boats
6727
8720 (1.1%)
Medical
instruments
N.E.S.
5542
2820
(0.67%)
nicaragua
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.661 / (97/19)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.9
0.92
0.02
0.03
Distance
2008
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
460
368
276
184
92
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0711 (15%)
2223 (2.6%)
2008
4233 (2.4%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2634
(1.7%)
2632
2631 (21%)
0111 (8.6%)
2120
0360 (4.1%)
0573 (14%)
3330 (5.7%)
0813
5530 5162 8510 5852
6210
2483 6924
6932
0611 (2.1%)
0542 (3.6%)
Dried or shelled
legumes
0548
1211 (0.97%)
4234 (0.7%)
4242
2238
8439 (3.6%) Other women
outerwear
0011
0116
5121 (1.3%)
1110 (0.74%)
Acyclic alcohols
& derivatives
6421
1124 (0.89%)
Alcoholic
beverages
Mining
0573 (3.7%)
Oil
5922
0612
(1.2%)
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0711 (42%)
0111 (10%)
0360 (3.6%)
Tropical agric.
1988
2631 (40%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
8441 (1.2%)
Men's
undershirt
8424
0224 (2.1%)
Preserved,
concentrated or
sweetened milk &
cream
0484
0545
8431
2820
(0.67%)
8928
8429 (1.3%)
0341
8451
(0.66%)
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0712
(0.92%)
Coffee
extracts,
essences or
6733
concentrates
nigeria
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.418 / (122/21)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2
2008
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
0.955
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
0.96
0.965
0.97
0.975
0.98
Distance
2008
0.02
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
540
432
324
216
108
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2008
2221 (20%)
0723 (2.7%)
2631 (2%)
4244
(1.8%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6871 (6.7%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
EXPORT
TREEMAP
3330 (92%)
3330 (17%)
2223 2922
(0.8%)
0813 (4.1%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Agrochemicals
Other Chemicals
1988
4234 (5.5%)
2320 (3.2%)
0721 (23%)
2232 (5%)
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
0721
(4%)
2320
(1%)
2472 (2.5%)
0723
2483
2114
6118
6116
2119
2116
5621
7938
(2.1%)
0721
(0.64%)
2320
5530
(0.59%)
5831
(0.64%)
6116
(0.85%)
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
norway
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.777 / (33/14)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.01
0.94
0.02
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
37 k
29.6 k
22.2 k
14.8 k
7.4 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6831 (5.6%)
6411 (3.9%)
6412
(2.4%)
2518
(2.3%)
6732 3510
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6612
(1%)
2742
7932 (12%)
6861
(1%)
2879
2871
5225
6716 (5.6%)
5621 (4.8%)
0814 (4.7%)
7211
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6712
6747 6419
8947 6931 (1.6%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
3330 (28%)
3414 (12%)
7932 (3.5%)
6716 (3.2%)
6911
6633
7442
0350 (3.5%)
8741
6411 (2.4%) 6413
5834
5147 5621
(1.1%)
5331
0341 (2.9%)
0350
(1.8%)
2516
Misc. Agriculture
6842
2512 (3.7%)
Not classified
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
6841 (15%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
5221
2671
2120 (2.1%)
4111
0360
(0.97%)
0240 6130
5331
4312 (1.5%)
6421
6841 (6.9%)
6891
(1.4%)
2731
2882
6831
(2.6%)
2517
6861 2815 6415 (1.3%)
2512
2890 2879 6842
(1.6%)
5225 2871
0344
(1.4%)
0342 0371
3510
0814
6633
5823
6841
7239
9510
8743
8749
6716
0342
(1.1%)
0350 (0.72%)
0343
6831
3510
6842
(0.7%)
6911
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5989 (1%)
Chemical
products
0man
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.604 / (91/11)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.95
0.955
0.96
0.965
0.97
0.975
0.01
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
14 k
11.2 k
8.4 k
5.6 k
2.8 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6811 (23%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
1988
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
3330 (77%)
2008
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
3330 (95%)
5621 (1.4%)
Nitrogenous
fertilizers
5832 (1.1%)
Polypropylene
7731 (1.8%)
Electric wire
0224 (1.2%)
Preserved,
concentrated or
sweetened milk
& cream
4242
5121 (0.72%)
6783
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
pakistan
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.398 / (82/3)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.02
0.9
0.025
2008
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
0.05
0.055
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
120
96
72
48
24
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6513 (8.4%)
6545 (9.9%)
6581 (8.4%)
6118 (3.7%)
2634
(1.3%)
6113
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6114 2919
Mining
6522 (5.2%)
6521 (3.5%)
2631 (19%)
0615
(2%)
2929
(1.2%)
6534 (2.3%)
8510
0350 8947
(0.76%)
2911
2681 2682
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
6592
(1.1%)
2633
0422 (3.9%)
6592 (5.7%)
6549
2631 (15%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6513 (14%)
6521 (4.6%)
6522 (4%)
Tropical agric.
1988
2640 (26%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
0422 (5.7%)
6584 (5.6%)
8462 (2.3%)
0360
(1.3%)
8439 (1.9%)
8481 (3.4%)
8441
6531
6589
0421
(1.7%)
8435
6116
6114
8423
8459
(2.3%)
(2.2%)
8424 8472 8463
6560
8442
6113 (1.5%) 6115
1222
0579
0360
(1.8%)
8947
(1.6%)
0350
8720 6582
(1.3%)
2682
0615
0612
8439 (1.7%)
Other women
outerwear
8429
6589 (4.7%) Other textile articles N.E.S.
0571
8451
6612 (3.2%) Cement
8471
8472 (1.8%) Knitted clothing
accessories of textile fabrics
8464 (1.2%)
null
7281
(0.65%)
6783
8424
8463
8947 (1.3%)
Sporting goods
8973 (1.3%)
4312
0579
5121 (1.2%)
Acyclic alcohols
& derivatives
2879
6534 (1.3%)
6592 (1%)
<85%
Knotted
discontinuous
carpets
synthetic woven
fabrics
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
8720 (1.5%)
Medical
instruments
N.E.S.
3352
6582
5823 (1.1%)
Polyesters
6960
panama
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.831 / (30/2)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.81
0.82
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.005
0.01
Distance
2008
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
1.5 k
1.2 k
900
600
300
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
5415 (7.4%)
5162 5137
8942
0611
0721
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
0573 (24%)
8921
(1.1%)
0360 (5.4%)
0814
0111
5530
8822
0360 (8.9%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7932 (38%)
5417 (5.5%)
5413 (2.8%)
5155
(1.6%)
Animal Fibers
1988
0573 (50%)
2008
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2820
(1.1%)
6672 (4.6%)
6673 8973
(1.8%) (1%)
9710
2882
8921 5139 5156
6960 8960
0342 (5.2%)
6842
6673
0980
7638
(1.4%)
7611 7628
7491 7234
0341
8421 8459
0350 (0.97%)
8462 8439
5530 5413
0579 8960
(0.92%)
8451
7642
0360 (2.1%)
Fresh, chilled,
frozen or salted
crustaceans &
molluscs
0343
(1.6%)
7642
0545
8983
6421
7621
0573 (2.5%) Fresh or
dried banana &
plantains
7641
7234 (1%)
Construction
& mining
machinery
7784
7758
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0548
7247
8851
(0.64%)
7491
7938
0711
8842
7752
5416
2820
(0.88%)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
0.98
0.01
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
880
704
528
352
176
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0711 (25%)
2472 (5.9%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
2231 (29%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2871 (60%)
0721 (4.7%)
4243
(1.7%)
0711 (11%)
4243 (16%)
2482 (1.7%)
0721 (9.9%)
2483
6341
2472 (12%)
0360
0360 (1.8%)
2221
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2911
2119
2119 (1.7%)
2320 (4.8%)
0577
4243 (1.3%)
4244
2231
2320
0371 (1.4%)
Fish N.E.S.
0342
(0.7%)
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
paraguay
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.474 / (86/15)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.01
0.02
Distance
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
770
616
462
308
154
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
5513 (3.9%)
4244 (5.3%)
2631 (3.5%)
2235
(2.1%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0149 (26%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2222 (39%)
2631 (23%)
6114 (3.7%)
0813 (3.5%)
0711 (4.9%)
0742 (1.5%) 2222
2472 (13%)
0141 (3.7%)
2111
(2.4%)
0115 (2.8%)
6118
2119
(1.9%) (1.2%)
2919
(1.2%)
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
4242
(1.1%)
6116
0111 (1.9%)
4243
2483
(5.3%)
2483 (3%)
0980 (4.7%)
0711 (12%)
1211
6341 3510
2120 (2.1%)
5322 (3.6%)
0813 (4.1%)
2685
8429
2225
(2.2%)
Sesame
seeds
0422
(0.63%)
2631
(0.55%)
0813 (12%) Oilcake
6114 (1.7%)
2919
2483 (1.2%)
Worked wood
of
non-coniferous
2450
(0.86%) Fuel
wood &
charcoal
0611 (1.2%)
Raw sugar
beet & cane
4236 (1.8%)
Sunflower seed oil
2224
6725
1222
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2820
8931
peru
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.576 / (89/17)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.02
0.9
0.03
2008
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
1.1 k
880
660
440
220
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
4111
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2871 (6%)
6861 (3.8%)
0612 (6.7%)
0711 (5%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8462
2666
6851
(1.1%)
2876
2815 (2.1%)
8973 (2.9%)
2789
2816
(1.4%)
2890
5225
0612
2631
(1.2%)
2929
0723
2927
0565
(0.86%)
2879 (4.1%)
Other
2875 (4.8%) Zinc
non-ferrous base
metals
0565 (1.6%)
Prepared or
preserved
vegetables
0545
0579
0575
Mining
Oil
Coal
2631 (6.4%)
6861 (2.3%)
Precious Stones
6811 (3.3%)
6542
0611
2008
0814 (17%)
0711 (5%)
2874 (6.2%)
6851 (2.8%)
6821 (19%)
2875 (9.4%)
6811 (4%)
Food Processing
2879
2875 (4.9%) 2874 (4%)
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
6821 (23%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 29 M / (37/5)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 31 B / (59/7)
6851
(0.98%)
6861 (1%)
2815
6822 (1.5%)
Worked copper
& copper alloys
5222
2816
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5224
2483
philippines
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.032 / (59/9)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.01
0.92
0.02
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
610
488
366
244
122
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
1988
2231 (15%)
4243 (8.9%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7788
0611 (2.3%)
0612 (13%)
8471
8459
(2.1%)
0812
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8997 (1.6%)
0589 0586
(1.1%)
8465
Mining
Oil
Coal
Food Processing
Garments
Precious Stones
2871 (4.6%)
6821 (4.4%)
7768
8423 (1.2%) 8463 (1%)
0612
2231
2659
0813 0577
2816 (2.4%)
2872
(1.2%) (1.2%)
2655
6342 0360 (4%) 0589 (2.4%)
(1.5%)
2483 (3.2%)
8481
8433 8441
8421
0573 (5.7%)
6716
0711
8431
8462
7648
8510
8481
0813 2655
(1.7%) (1.7%)
7599 (3.2%)
7763 (2.2%)
8439
(2.7%)
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
7764 (14%)
2472 (30%)
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 90 M / (12/4)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 49 B / (54/11)
7731
6584 8452
8471
8435
8211
0579
(1.2%)
6341
6353
8851
0371
(1.1%)
0585
0341 5629
(0.97%)
5222
7599 (4.3%)
Parts of cash
registers &
calculating
machines
9710
(0.95%)
2872
4243 (2.4%) Coconut
oil
0573
2816
0577
(0.56%)
2929
7763 (4.2%) Diodes & transistors
8811
(1.6%)
8439
(0.71%)
6353 (2.1%) Builders`
carpentry & joinery
7649 (1.5%)
7768 (1.4%)
Parts of telecom Parts N.E.S. of
& sound
electronic
recording
circuits
equipment
7641
7415
7722
7591
8841
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
7721 (1%)
Switchboards,
relays
&
fuses
6251
0371 (0.7%)
7929
(0.66%)
8441
8431
8463
0589
5231
0342
5121
2820
poland
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.020 / (25/6)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0.55
0.6
0.65
-0.03
-0.025
Distance
2008
-0.02
-0.015
-0.01
-0.005
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
4.5 k
3.6 k
2.7 k
1.8 k
900
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6732
(1.4%)
0015
(1.1%)
2460
6841
(2%)
2919
(1%)
2112
6725 6747 6760 6940 7915 0612 (3.7%)
6731
6745
7919
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0615
0542
8942
7491
5148 5155
(0.95%)
5621
2783 2732
3352
0482 0611 2925 6522 (2.2%) 6549 2665
7914
6724
0541
4239
(1.1%)
6584
7821 (1.6%)
8997
8121
7783
8743 7371
7187
7188
6731
7272 7239
7436
6732
(0.63%)
6359
(0.62%)
6842
7752
6416
6428
5542
6725 (0.91%)
6822 (0.7%)
6733 (0.89%)
6744
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
6997
6353
6960
6652
6924
6415
6991
6731
7522
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
7234 (1.1%)
8212
7491
7239
7781
7783
7751
(0.64%)
7219
(2.1%)
7492 (0.65%)
7832
7139 (0.66%)
7849 (5.9%) Other vehicles parts
5413
5629
6612 3232
6664
6652
0586
0545 0589
6643 (1.9%)
7852
0579
5981
6861 (1.6%) 5232 5239 0819
2483 6416
2120
(1.5%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
3222 (16%)
2741 (4.7%)
0118
1988
0114 (1.9%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
0149 (11%)
6712
(3.2%)
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 38 M / (32/4)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 172 B / (27/2)
5629
7782
7711
6252
6210
6811
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
8931 (0.7%)
0484
0114
(0.66%)
0980
(0.66%)
0585
0111
(0.56%)
0730
0240
0350
0545
6421
2820
1222
(0.65%)
portugal
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.696 / (35/15)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
3
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
2.5
22% of WT
3
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
Distance
2008
10
Opportunity Gain
15
x 10
-3
Evolution of
export composition
5.3 k
4.2 k
3.1 k
2.1 k
1k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
8510 (9.8%)
6672 (8.4%)
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
8472 (4.4%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 11 M / (67/9)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 56 B / (51/15)
6584 (4.8%)
2517 (7.1%)
2518
1121 (4.4%)
6413
6584
(2.5%)
6513 (4.2%)
8510 8471
(1.7%)
6521
(1.7%)
6581
6592
1121 (12%)
0565 (6.5%)
2518
(1.2%)
6351 (1.6%)
6416 6973
6343
2482
(1.4%)
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8973
6577 6352
6991 6731
5622 5621
(0.91%)
6545
(1.3%)
6613
(1.4%)
5417
(1.1%)
4235
(1.3%)
0577
(1.5%)
5981
8451 (4.4%)
6652
2440 (4.2%)
6330 (5.7%)
2516
8439 (1.9%)
8429 (1.5%)
6575 8424
8423 (2.7%)
7499
(1%)
7621
6651 0360
6534
6522
7731
(1.6%)
6353
6341
6666
(0.92%)
6665
6624
7132
(1.4%)
8441 (2%)
6716
6343 8219
7611
6330 (4.3%)
0546
8431
7781 7131
2482
(1.6%)
7831 5111
6991
5989
5112 0371
0342
6613
(1.4%)
5831 (1.2%)
7781 7711
6644
0341
6651
2440
8462 (2.2%)
Knitted
undergarments of
cotton
6251 (1.8%)
Tires &
pneumatic for
cars
7492 (1.1%)
Valves
7139
7161
7499 (1.3%)
Non-electric
7758
parts of
machinery
7436
N.E.S.
7731 (2.2%) Electric 8211 (1.8%)
6911 (1.1%)
wire
Chairs & seats
8219 (1.2%)
Furniture parts
N.E.S.
6924
(0.61%)
6353
4235
0484
0980
6421
8931
1110
6522
6973
6415
6413
6997
2517
6633
6732 (1.4%)
Iron/steel rods
6647
7721 (1.4%)
Switchboards,
relays & fuses
6624 (0.99%)
0565
(0.71%)
6575
6731
6991
7442
8423
6343
7852
6665
2882
6998
2731
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5111 (0.89%)
Acyclic
hydrocarbons
5112
(0.71%)
3352
2871 (1.4%)
Copper
6651
(0.93%)
6613
0360
0371
5823
0342
0341
0350
0223
5833
1222 (1.2%)
Cigarretes
0612
0813
qatar
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.438 / (85/10)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.976
0.978
0.98
0.982
0.984
0.986
Distance
2008
0.02
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
43 k
34.4 k
25.8 k
17.2 k
8.6 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
1988
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
3330 (75%)
3330 (100%)
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
5831 (5.1%)
5111 (2.6%)
3345
(1.5%)
5621 (2.7%)
6732 (4.8%)
6731 (2.5%)
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
5831
5113
5161
6727
5121
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
romania
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.936 / (27/8)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
2008
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.64
0.66
0.68
0.7
0.72
0.74
0.76
-0.01
-0.005
Distance
2008
0.005
0.01
0.015
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
2.3 k
1.8 k
1.3 k
920
460
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2482 (12%)
2483 (9.2%)
2460
6343
0011 (4%)
6351
0012
(0.93%)
0116
0114
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6712 (3%)
7932
(2.1%)
6724
2331
2919 (1.2%)
(0.94%) 3345
2682
0545
0561
0565
6731
(1.3%)
7234 (1.6%)
7452
5232
(1.4%)
5621
(1.2%)
5239
3351
8997
6592
6733
(1.9%)
6259
7782
6732
(1.4%)
2482
7752
6342
8211 (2.8%)
6783 6746
8510 (2.7%)
8429
(1.5%)
8431 (2.1%)
8439
(1.4%)
8441
8421
8463
6749
7915
(1.1%)
7522
5621 (6.9%)
5629 (2.6%)
8997 8472
6584 8432
2483 6652
(0.9%) (1%) 8422
6842
6643 6841 (6.8%)
(0.87%)
6997 2481
6416 6343
6359
3510
6413
5232
(1.5%)
5831
0113
0440
0149
0545 0579 5121 2665
7912
7239 (1.1%)
Bulldozers,
angledozers &
levellers parts
7783
N.E.S.
7369
7132
7162
8219 (2.5%)
Furniture
parts N.E.S.
2482
2483
6842 (1.5%)
Worked
aluminium &
aluminium
alloys
5831
6783
7525
6931
6252
5834
7712
8947
8431
(1.1%)
6997
(0.73%)
7711
3510
7752
6416
6343
5621 (1.9%)
Nitrogenous
fertilizers
6210
(0.55%)
5829
6911
2224
8742
8451
(0.9%)
7414
8435
8441
1222
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
8429
8434
8459
2226
(0.99%)
Rape &
colza seeds
2882
6998
0430
5629
5232
8462
(0.57%)
8433
6353
6123 (1.1%)
7493
6746
(0.98%)
7853
8463
6589
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
6744 (5.7%)
6782 7162
6760
7919 7842
7224
7187
8219 (7.3%)
0121
6421
8510 (2.1%) 6522
(1%)
Tobacco
7491 (1.7%)
0579
7491
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
7822
7915 0586
6251 (2%)
Tires &
pneumatic for
cars
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7361
7758 (0.94%)
6727 (1.9%)
Iron/steel
coils
0544 0460
(1.8%) (1.5%)
0113 0230
(1.5%)
6744 (2.4%)
Iron/steel
>=4.75mm tick
sheets
Other Chemicals
4236 (4.8%)
2472
0149
(1.2%)
0913
7721 (2.4%)
Switchboards,
relays & fuses
1988
0240
2008
0542
(2%)
0111 (8%)
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 22 M / (45/6)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 50 B / (53/9)
russian federation
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.324 / (46/17)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.02
0.93
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
3.3 k
2.6 k
1.9 k
1.3 k
660
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP*
2482 (10%)
2471 (8%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP*
2460 (2.7%)
6812 (5.7%)
6841
(2.2%)
6831 (3.4%)
2481 0813
6712 (3.4%)
2742
6672 (5.4%)
2784
2879
3232 2877
2008
2483
6725 6727
(1.4%) (1.2%)
6716
7499
(3.6%)
5621
5623
(1.2%)
2713 (2%)
2120
(2.1%)
6522 6521
6841 (2.7%)
5241
(1.5%)
0542
6130
4113
4111
3222
(2.1%)
6672
(2%)
7234
(1.4%)
2815
(1.1%)
2816
7126
5225
(1%)
6821
(0.88%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
2472
7187 7239 6712
(1.1%)
6716 6725
7224
7931
7919
7915
5623
0371 2631
(1.2%)
(1.8%)
7842
(1.4%)
5621
(1.7%)
3413
2482 (2.7%)
2471 (3%)
6831
(1.9%)
3414 (8.7%)
Precious Stones
3510 (3.3%)
0612
(1.7%)
2820
6812 (2.5%)
4236 (2.4%)
Food Processing
Garments
3330 (39%)
2631 (6.2%)
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
3330 (18%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2111
2820
5112
5121
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6841 (2.4%)
Unwrought
aluminium &
aluminium alloys
6716
3232
3221
6831 (1.6%)
Unwrought nickel
& nickel alloys
5621 (1.1%)
Nitrogenous
fertilizers
2482
(0.89%)
2741
2816
5225
2471
0412 (0.91%)
Other wheat
& meslin,
unmilled
6732
2820
6811
2517
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2331
(0.59%)
Saudi Arabia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.201 / (68/7)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.964
0.966
0.968
0.97
0.972
0.974
0.976
0.978
0.01
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
13 k
10.4 k
7.8 k
5.2 k
2.6 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
1988
EXPORT
TREEMAP
3330 (82%)
3330 (99%)
3413
5112
(2.1%)
5113
5831
(1.7%)
5621
5121
(3.2%)
7144
3354
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
5831
5832
5112
5621
3351
7938
7921
5121
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 25 M / (41/5)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 319 B / (15/1)
Senegal
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.287 / (74/4)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.02
0.88
0.025
2008
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
0.05
0.055
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
240
192
144
96
48
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2221 (20%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
0360 (15%)
2713 (12%)
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
4234 (26%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 12 M / (63/18)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 2.2 B / (112/17)
4234 (15%)
0813 (10%)
2631
(2.8%)
2922
6672 (3.5%)
2877 (1.8%)
0371 (11%)
0615
2713 (15%)
2783
(1.5%)
2771 (2.3%)
0813 (14%)
4244 (3.7%)
0460
(2.3%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0341 (4%)
2782
(1.5%)
0344 (3.4%)
6672
(1.4%)
6521
(1.4%)
1222
2008
0342 (5.8%)
5222 (5.1%)
5629
(1.4%)
0814 0350
5622
5530 (3.5%)
6612 (10%) Cement
Perfumery & cosmetics
8939 (1.3%)
Miscellaneous
articles of
plastic
5514
5541
2713
5832
0544
2783 (1.4%)
Sodium chloride
0371
1212 (1.8%)
Wholly or
partly
stripped
tobacco
0460
0488
9710
2782 (1%)
Clay &
refractory
minerals,
7442N.E.S.
(1%) Lifting
6731 (2.2%)
Iron/steel wire & loading
rod
machinery
4234 (1.4%)
2882
0422
Peanut oil
(0.94%)
(0.92%)
Other
Semi or
non-ferrous
wholly milled
base
0980metals
(2.7%) Edible products
6732 (3.6%) Iron/steel rods
rice
N.E.S.
7162 (0.81%)
0343
(1.2%)
Fresh or
chilled fish
fillets
6513
0545
(1%)
6421 (0.91%)
Paper packing
containers
0579
0350
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0484
0545
(0.72%)
8931
Serbia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.644 / (37/11)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1
0.6
0.65
0.7
0.75
2008
Opportunity Gain
Distance
10
15
x 10
-3
Evolution of
export composition
1.5 k
1.2 k
900
600
300
0
2005
2006
2007
2008
2005
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6822
(3.9%)
6251 (3.2%)
8211 (1.3%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
9510
5417
(2.7%)
7224
6289
6785
7283 7442
8946 7493
0585
1123
0612 (4.3%)
2331
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0440
(2.7%)
8510
(2%)
4236
8472
0412
8423
8431
6210
8219
7416
6911
6744 (2.7%)
8463
(1.5%)
6821 (2%)
6123
(1.2%)
8465
8422
6794 69986861
7758
6289
6746
(1.8%)
7442
7493
6745 6783 6259
6747 (2.3%)
6842 (3.3%)
0149
2112
Mining
Oil
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Coal
0980
0819 5335
0484
1110
0585
1123
5121
8463 (1.8%) 6123 8472 8423
6998 2882 6821
(1.1%)
8439
5112 2331
7915
8510 (1.6%)
2820
0586 (3.1%)
6794
6612
0612 (2.1%)
0440
(1.2%)
4236
2820
(1.7%)
0111
0460
0412
4232
8928
0223
7283
7139
5542
7442
6746 (2%) Iron/steel
<3mm tick sheets
7731 (1.5%)
Electric wire
6624 (1.2%)
Non-refractory
ceramic bricks
8219
(1.1%)
0819
5334
0980 (0.99%)
0579
(0.67%)
0484 (0.97%)
6421
5335
5111 (0.9%) 5137
5831 (2.2%)
Polyethylene
5629
9510
7416
6924
5112
6259
2483
2331
5621
7711
7924 (1%)
7752
8463 (1.7%)
Knitted
undergarments
of synthetic
fibers
8510 (1.5%)
Footwear
8472
(0.78%)
8429
1123
5121
2882
6973
6353
7861
0460
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6841
6794
6123
0612 (1.7%) Refined sugar
8211
8931
0585
0730
7758
1110 (1.2%)
8922
6289
7919
5542 5334
5111
5137 5831 (2.5%)
(1.3%)
6973
6727 (6%)
7169 (1.7%)
7731
5121
6259 (1.2%)
0546
0545 6624
0561
3510
Not classified
2483
0484 0730 0579
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
2007
6727 (7.7%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
4236
4239
0011
(0.59%)
0111
6612
3354
Singapore
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.639 / (7/2)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2008
1.5
0.5
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
1.5
0.5
-0.015
0.86
-0.01
-0.005
2008
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
70 k
56 k
42 k
28 k
14 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6924
(1.9%)
4243
6996 6341
0751
(1.4%)
2481
EXPORT
TREEMAP
9610
6584
6423
6581
8310
6785
6522 0350
(0.96%)
0014 2119
6521
7638
(2.9%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
7721
(1.6%)
3345 (2.3%)
7431
(1.2%)
7758
2890
(1.1%)
2876
(1.1%)
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
7764 (11%)
6424
1123
6651
1222 (1.2%)
0422
6732
2231
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7599 (18%)
3345 (5%)
8851
6652
0589 0980 6421 7781
(1.5%)
0586 (1.2%)
6783
2008
Animal Fibers
1988
2320 (42%)
0460 (2.4%)
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
7611 (3%)
7622 (2.5%)
7628
5831 (2%)
4242
(1%)
0723
5832
2923
0752
4232 1222
8973
(1.3%)
2882
3354
4313 1110
8931
0342
2820
5146 (1.6%)
Oxygen-function
amino-compounds
5112 (1.2%)
Cyclic
hydrocarbons
5989 (1.2%)
5839 (1.3%) Other
Chemical
polymerization &
products
copolymarization
products
8720 (0.82%) 6871
5514
5829
7491
7162 (0.68%)
8744
5156 (0.81%)
8748
5157
7599 (8%) Parts of cash registers & calculating
machines
5982
8749
8741
5530
(0.86%)
Perfumery &
cosmetics
8973
3354
7431
7518 (1%)
7528
Office machines
N.E.S.
7722
7712 (0.9%)
7929 (1.7%)
Aircraft
equipment
parts N.E.S.
7781
7523
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5121 (0.72%)
7131
1124
5823
7853
7938
5831
(0.75%)
5833
0488
8851
Slovak republic
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.379 / (15/4)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2008
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
0.66
0.68
0.7
0.72
0.74
0.76
-15
Distance
2008
-10
-5
Opportunity Gain
0
x 10
-3
Evolution of
export composition
13 k
10.4 k
7.8 k
5.2 k
2.6 k
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2001
5417
(1.5%)
6418 7919
2008
7491
(1.8%)
8510
(1.8%)
8423
(0.84%)
8451
6123
8441
7239
8424
8429
6289
2482
8422
5834
7731 (3.6%)
8211 (1.9%)
8219
7162
(1.2%)
5629
7493
7431
6782 9510
6746 (3%)
6727 (2.2%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
7849 (4.8%)
5162
5621
(1.2%)
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
6744
(1.9%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7810 (18%)
5832
7492
5239
6725 7449
8510 (1.9%) 8424
6123 6514 (3.4%)
(1.3%) 6252 6623 7611 8124
8439
8451
(0.92%) (0.85%)
7751
8423
8431
8462 6584 8429
6716 (2%) 6822 6747 6783
6770 6931
7915
(1.1%) (1.1%)
8422 8435
6517 6519
8731
(0.94%)
8459
8219
2482
6911 6353 6633
6415 (2%)
6841
0545 0440 0482 2820
(1.9%)
(1.7%)
6624
6421
6651
2483 6997 6342
7731
7752 8211
6612 (1.7%)
1222
6921
2517
(1.2%)
0011 6114
6417
6618
6749 (2.1%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
6749
(1.2%)
8121
6745 7751
6716 6747
7768
(0.81%)
6725
6744
7712
7373
7169
6649
6417
3510
6415
6424 (1.8%)
7611 6252
5831
(1.1%)
5832
6519
6623
8921
7782
8124 7915
8922
5145
5162
6997
7722
5542
6514
6652 (1.4%)
8928 6114
2820
0482
6911
6924
6343
6415
7493 (1.3%)
Mechanical tools for
building
6991 (0.91%)
7431
8121 (1.2%)
7162
6782
6940
6251
7491 (1.5%)
7239
6746 (1.4%)
Iron/steel
<3mm tick
sheets
6727
7119
7868
6747 (0.8%)
6745 (0.75%)
7782
7442
6289
6744 (0.78%)
6716 (0.67%)
7915
8939 (1%)
Miscellaneous
articles of plastic
5832
6252 (1.2%)
Tires &
pneumatic for
buses
7783
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
8124
6931
5831
(0.61%)
6514
6841 (0.87%)
Unwrought
aluminium &
aluminium
alloys
2820
5121
Slovenia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.523 / (10/2)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
0.64
0.66
0.68
0.7
0.72
0.74
-0.03
Distance
2008
-0.025
-0.02
-0.015
-0.01
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
14 k
11.2 k
8.4 k
5.6 k
2.8 k
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7758 (2.2%)
6353 (3.6%) 8211
(3.3%)
6428
6842 (1.3%) 6359
6911
6732 3510
8219 (3.1%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7861
6342
6973
6415
(0.95%)
6652
(0.79%)
8842
8422
5417 (3.7%)
5530
6424
8921
5334
5156 5138
0142
6116
(0.89%)
5239 6421
7431
(1.2%)
6251
(1.1%)
7757
(1.6%)
7751
0548
6353
(2%)
7752
(1.9%)
6732 6412
(0.93%) (1.1%)
3510
6415
(0.91%)
6411
7861 6911 6997
6652
6649
6428 6341
8219
6842
(2.3%)
7162 7913 (2.5%)
7492 7139 7493 6631
2483 2482
7442 7161
5417 (5.5%)
8510
8422
6514
6954 7499
(1.2%)
6418
8439
6522
(0.94%) 7784 8743
6991 7129
8431
8939 5530 6424
(0.91%) 7281
6841
6998
6116
7641
7723 8731
6744 6783
(1.5%)
0223
6573
(1%)
6746 6716 5334
6635
6252
5821
8124 7781
1110
1123
6745
5331 5824
6210
5823
7711
7721 7239
6842 (2.3%)
6732 (1.5%)
Worked
Iron/steel rods
aluminium &
aluminium alloys
6353 (1.4%)
Builders`
carpentry &
joinery
7752 (1.2%)
Refrigerators &
freezers
6911 (0.93%)
8842
6652
6953
7758 (2.3%)
Electro-thermal home
appliances N.E.S.
7169
6954 (0.91%)
6991 (0.85%)
6289
7431 (1%)
7757 (1%)
7751
7432 (0.95%)
7781
(0.63%)
8942
(0.56%)
8947
8124
7372
7442
(0.65%)
6418
(0.62%)
2482
(0.9%)
8219 (1.7%)
Furniture parts
N.E.S.
3510 (1.7%)
Electric current
6415
6411
7452
5417 (8.9%) Medicaments
7139
6841 (1.1%)
Unwrought
aluminium &
aluminium
alloys
2882
8743
7281
7441
6572
6994
6514
(0.85%) Yarn
not for retail
(>=85%
synthetic
fibres)
8928
6940
7919
6744 (1.7%)
Iron/steel
>=4.75mm tick
sheets
6998
2873
7868
5530
(1.2%)
8939
(1.1%)
5334
(0.75%)
8921
6424
2820
5542
6745
6783
6252
8731
7711
5335
5331
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Tobacco
Fruit
8211 (5.2%)
7758 (2%)
7783
6998
(1%)
0114
0980
7849 (2.7%)
7169 (1.4%)
6841
(1.5%)
6516
6536
6123
8432
8421
8429
8459 8424
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7810 (9%)
8423
Tropical agric.
2001
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
7810 (8.1%)
2008
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 2 M / (122/26)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 29 B / (61/12)
5416
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5821
5831
6210
6635
0223
(0.62%)
South africa
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.131 / (55/1)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.75
0.8
0.85
0.015
0.02
Distance
2008
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
1.5 k
1.2 k
900
600
300
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0440 (10%)
0571 (2.8%)
0611 (3.1%)
0574 (1.9%)
0459
(1.1%)
0575
0572 2221
(0.97%)
6512 0589 (3.3%)
0814 (2.7%)
6851 2731
2879
2008
2120 (3.2%)
4111 2116
0612
0615
0579
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
6716 (8.4%)
0574 0571
(1.3%) (1.3%)
0575
6841
(1.4%)
2881 2731
2874 2785
(1.2%)
3221
2786
6672 (6.9%)
6821 (3.7%)
6831
2872 5241
(1.7%) (1.5%) (1.4%)
6712
(2.1%)
2815
(2.4%)
5322
2877
(1.4%)
6899
2784
2890
0611 (1.9%)
6725 6727 6746 6749
(1.4%)
6712
6733 6783 0813 1212
6731
7283
2681 (1.8%)
03600342 5222
5221
6512
(1.4%)
2516
(1.3%)
5225
2517
2683 6114
2713
2687 2117
6413
6732
0589
5162
3351
0579 (1.4%)
2518
6841 (2.3%)
Unwrought
aluminium &
aluminium alloys
2882 (0.96%)
6727 (1.1%)
6744
6746 (0.86%)
6749
7132 (0.71%)
7283
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
2879 (3.2%)
0360
(1.3%)
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
3222 (11%)
2877 (2.2%)
2871 2782
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6716
(2.3%)
0812
0585
2683
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6812 (14%)
2682
2872
1988
2784 (3.8%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
6672 (19%)
6821 (9.6%)
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 49 M / (23/3)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 74 B / (41/2)
6842 (1.2%)
Worked
aluminium &
aluminium
alloys
8211
5241
2516
6911
(0.97%)
7861
7923
6415
0575
0574
0572
0579
0440 (0.89%)
Unmilled
maize
0585
0589
0360
2681
3351
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0571
(0.84%)
2820
Spain
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.933 / (28/13)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
3
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2008
1.5
0.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.5
0.52
0.54
0.56
0.58
0.6
0.62
-0.03
0.64
-0.025
2008
-0.02
-0.015
-0.01
-0.005
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
6.1 k
4.8 k
3.6 k
2.4 k
1.2 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
0460
(1.9%)
0577 (4.3%)
0575 (2.8%)
0572
0565 (5.6%)
0545 (3%)
4235 (2.5%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8310 6584
0752 0751
8997
0422 0573
6513 (1.4%) 6521
6724 6716
(0.97%)
2927
6517
5224 6931
0421 5513 8921 (2.1%)
5623
3510
5981
(1.7%) (1.1%)
0589 0579
7731
8960
(1.8%) (1.5%) 5221 (1.9%)
6973
5137
2742 (1.3%)
0350
0360 6118 2919
6330 0585 (2.2%)
2785
(0.97%)
0546
6613
0545 (2.7%)
7849 (5.4%)
6251
7132
6954 7492
7431 7372
6940 6991
7821 (2.5%)
6733
(1.1%)
6746
(0.87%)
6418 6731
7442 7162
8942 7528 6252
8124 7757
6725
6744
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
6624
(1.5%)
6259
7932
(1.3%)
7929
7781
6747
0565 (1.4%)
5156
5111
5148
5137
5138
5831
6732
(1.4%)
0571 (3.4%)
8219
(0.93%)
7731
0579 (2.1%)
6352
2814 6725 8124 7511 8481
1121
7810 (13%)
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Food Processing
0544 (5.8%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
1988
2440
2008
0571 (13%)
1121 (6.1%)
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Garments
1968
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 46 M / (26/5)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 279 B / (17/7)
2517
(1.1%)
0980
0620
0544
(1.4%)
8960
5416 8921
8510 (3.8%)
3345 (0.94%)
5413
0440
0577
0430
2927
0360
6130
6613
(0.81%)
5832
3352
6612 6861
5623
3354
5530 (1.2%)
Perfumery &
cosmetics
8921
8939
(0.65%)
5335
6424
6624 (1.6%)
Non-refractory
ceramic bricks
6732 (1.6%)
Iron/steel rods
7731
6842 (0.92%)
6997
6924
6911
5542
6996
8219 (0.76%)
5334
5839
5832
3352
3510
5912
2517
7821 (3.6%) Trucks & vans
6782
(0.64%)
7851
7449
7783
6731
7132 (1%)
7492 (0.77%)
7169 (0.82%)
7442 (0.67%)
7611 (1.4%)
Color T.V.
6746
6289
4235 (1.4%)
Olive oil
7361
7162
6733 (1%)
6822
Iron/steel shapes
7415
7758
7822
0565
(0.75%)
0113 (1.2%)
Swine meat
0571 (1.5%)
Fresh or dried
oranges &
m&arines
0342
0544
0980
(0.66%)
6252
7711
6415
0341
8451
(0.52%)
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5823
(0.7%)
6613
3354
6861
Sri lanka
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.265 / (71/2)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.02
0.9
0.025
2008
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
0.05
0.055
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
410
328
246
164
82
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0741 (61%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 20 M / (49/4)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 8.2 B / (81/4)
8439 (6.2%)
8462 (3.4%)
8435 (4.9%)
8441 (3.3%)
0741 (18%)
2320 (8.4%)
2659
8423 (3.1%)
4243 (5.7%)
8451
(2%)
8421
(1.9%)
2659 (3.2%)
0577
8431 (2.5%)
2231
(1.2%)
0721
8463
(2.3%)
8434
(2%)
4242
8433
6584 8481
8472
8997
8443 8459
0752
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0752
(2.1%)
8429
(1.9%)
6673 (5.8%)
6672
(3.8%)
0812 0751
(0.83%)
0711
7924 (2%)
0360
(1.5%)
8452 8471
8465
6581
6289
8482
6664
8999 5989
0812
2320 (1.7%)
Natural rubber,
latex & gums
1212
1223
8423 (4.1%) Men's trousers
8463 (2%)
Knitted
undergarments
of synthetic
fibers
8451 (2%)
8441 (1.7%)
Knitted jerseys, Men's
pullovers &
undershirt
cardigans
8472 (2.2%)
8433 (1.1%)
Knitted clothing
accessories of textile
fabrics
8434 (0.92%)
8452 (0.8%)
8443
7711
8431
8997
8482 (1.7%)
Clothing
accessories from
rubber
7722
7731
(0.74%)
6416
7641
6664
6582
0342
0341
(0.98%)
Frozen fish,
0343
excluding
0980
fillets 8931 8928
8424
0589
6552
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2771 (1.1%)
7852
0360
2511
Sudan
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.768 / (126/24)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2
2008
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
-2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
0.955
0.96
0.965
0.97
0.975
0.98
-2.5
0.985
Distance
2008
0.02
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
240
192
144
96
48
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2922 (10%)
0813 0012
(6.9%) (4.7%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2631 (47%)
2922 (12%)
0813 (6.4%)
0012
(4.5%)
4234 (3.5%)
2117 (1.2%)
0459 (5.8%)
2116
0011
2119
0459
2223 2235 0548
2924
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2114
2221 (4.5%)
2225
(2.2%)
0615 (2.2%)
2632
0548
(1%)
2117
2890
2111
2116
4233 (1.4%)
Mining
2221 (7.4%)
2634 (4.7%)
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
2631 (58%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 41 M / (29/5)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 9.9 B / (77/5)
2911
0561 7144
0579
2924 6513
2225
2922
2631
0459
0012
2820
9410
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
Sweden
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.859 / (4/3)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
2008
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
2.5
22% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
1.5
0.5
-0.5
1.5
0.5
-0.5
0.64
0.66
0.68
0.7
-0.04
Distance
2008
-0.035
-0.03
-0.025
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
20 k
16 k
12 k
8k
4k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2518 (4.2%)
6415 (2.4%)
2516
(1.5%)
6412 (1.9%)
2512
6413 (5.6%)
2482 (10%)
6411
(2.4%)
6732
(1.8%)
5981
2460 6953
(1.3%)
7810 (6.7%)
7491
(1.9%)
7932 (5.8%)
6783
2671
6998
0113
6418 (2.3%)
8928
7641
7416 (1.3%)
Heating &
cooling
equipment
N.E.S.
7441 (1.2%)
Work trucks
7721 (1.6%)
Switchboards,
relays & fuses
7132 (1.4%)
Internal
combustion
engines for motor
7649 (3.8%) Parts of telecom vehicles
7641 (2.1%)
7832 (1.8%) Tractors for
semi-trailers
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
7821
(2.8%)
7284
(1.3%)
7234
(1.1%)
7132
(1.1%)
7451
7449 6731
7441 7373
6940
7492 7758
7416
6413 (3.5%)
6411 (3%)
6415
(2.2%)
6412 (2.2%)
2518
2512
8743
7251
2482 (4%)
6732
7731
6911
6353
3510
7414
6842
7259
8219
7822
7133
7525 7528 6744
(0.81%)
(1.1%)
7643
6746
(1%)
7712
6782
(0.72%)
6954
7492
(0.66%)
7841
7187
7239
7491
7234
7731 (1.1%)
7752
6428
5417 (1.7%)
8720
8939
5831
(1%)
7259
7188
7493
7758
7283
Telephone lines
7523
6353
8219 (1.5%)
Furniture
parts N.E.S.
6428
6732
2815 2816
0484
0730
2120
6842
6413 (1.9%)
2517 (1.8%)
Rolls/sheets of Chemical
kraft paper
wood pulp,
soda or
sulphate
6911
7414
3510
(0.84%)
7133
7712
7842
6744 (1.1%)
6746
7149
8720 (0.89%)
Iron/steel
(0.89%)
(0.61%)
>=4.75mm tick
sheets
7415
8996 5415
6822 (0.88%)
6770
Worked copper
8124
& copper
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headersalloys
show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
& sound recording equipment
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
7849 (4.1%)
7810 (7.7%)
7649 (2.1%)
2120
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7781 8947
7511
6716
6770
6973
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7411
7499 (1.5%)
(1.8%)
7281 (1.4%)
6731
7821 (2.3%) 6782 (2%) (1%)
6419
(1.9%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
1988
2517 (7.9%)
2008
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
6412
(0.63%)
6411 (1%)
5851
8939 (1%)
0980
Miscellaneous
articles of
plastic
8931
5334
2816 (1.5%)
2882
Agglomerated iron
ore
8744
8745
5831 (1.3%)
Polyethylene
5834
6210
Switzerland
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.935 / (3/2)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2008
1.5
0.5
1.5
0.5
-0.5
-0.5
0.7
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.75
-0.035
0.76
-0.03
2008
-0.025
-0.02
-0.015
-0.01
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
26 k
20.8 k
15.6 k
10.4 k
5.2 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7244 (9.5%)
7499 (1.9%)
7452
(1.4%)
7126 (1.4%)
7281
(1.3%)
8852
(1.9%)
8960 6842
7512
7188 (0.94%)
8812 8731 (2.8%)
6577
7491
3510
6953
7784 7271
5411
5148
(1.5%)
6522 6513
(1.7%)
2008
5416 8720
5162
5137 5415
8996
0240 (2.7%)
8921
(1.6%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6560 8510
(1.4%) (1.1%)
8471
5414 5542
(1.4%)
5513
(1.3%)
0980
2665
0730
8928
8993
5121
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7721 (2.6%)
5411
5912
5913 5911
8973
(1.4%)
9710
6812
8960
(2.5%)
6842
(1.2%)
3510
8931 8928
0240
(0.87%)
6513
1222
5514
(0.96%)
5415
8744
8720 (1.3%)
Medical
instruments
N.E.S.
5147 (1.2%)
Amide-function
compounds,
excluding urea
8748
5311
8996 (3.2%) Orthopaedic appliances
5989
8742
(0.53%)
5411
6673
6521
5989
8745 (2.8%)
6996
6341
5417 (7.3%)
1988
7243
5155 (5.4%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
5332
5146
5824
7721 (2.4%)
Switchboards,
relays & fuses
7416 (0.96%)
Heating &
cooling
equipment
7361 (0.9%)
N.E.S.
Metal cutting
machine-tools
7284 (2.3%)
Specialized
industry
machinery &
parts N.E.S
7452
7492
6940
(0.65%)
7162
8743
6954
7431
7369
7432
7149 (1.3%)
Parts of gas
& reaction
engines
7244
7367
7493
7373
7499
7923 (0.7%)
7712
9510
7161
7281
8749
8960
5233
8973 (3.2%)
Precious jewellery
6812 (2.3%)
Unwrought metals of
platinum
5413 (0.93%)
6953
8939 (0.86%)
5530
5419
5821
5334
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0980
0711
6842 (0.75%)
1222
6997
8928
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.9
0.02
Distance
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
700
560
420
280
140
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
3330 (32%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
3330 (64%)
0012 (12%)
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
2631 (22%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Electronics
Machinery
POPULATION 21 M / (48/7)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 15 B / (72/13)
0012 (4.2%)
2919 (3.1%)
2117 (1.9%)
0014
8483
2631 (6.8%)
0752
0011 (8.1%)
0542
4233
0577 2221
0542 (4%)
0752
0812
2008
2223
0430 (3%)
0571
2713 (5.8%)
2681 2682 0230
2117
(1.1%)
(0.99%)
2919
0579 0545 7821 (2.1%) 6513
(0.92%)
6521
0813
(2.1%)
0545 (1.7%)
0583
5530
8960
8741
4235 (1.2%)
0484
6732 (3%)
Iron/steel rods
0980
(0.54%)
0565
5542 (2.3%)
Organic
surface-active
agents N.E.S.
6531 (3.6%) Continuous
synthetic woven fabrics
8510 (1.3%)
Footwear
8433
6560
8459 (0.87%)
0545
8939
6571
0542
(0.58%)
0752
2631
0572
0412
0251
0114
0582
8463
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
7731 (2.8%)
Electric wire
7752 (1.6%)
6997
Refrigerators & freezers (0.83%)
Articles of
iron or steel
6973
6842 (1.4%) Worked
N.E.S.
aluminium & aluminium
alloys
0620
6513
(1.1%)
8421
0574 2925
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8484
0224 (1.9%)
Preserved,
concentrated or
sweetened milk &
cream
5825
tajikistan
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.054 / (108/25)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
2008
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
160
128
96
64
32
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
6841 (48%)
6841 (37%)
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
2001
2631 (53%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2631 (24%)
0575
0574
1211
0542
6521 (4.8%)
0579 (4.5%)
0585
(1.5%)
0565 0545
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6911
(1.5%)
6994
8423
6716
6842
(1%)
7761
(1.3%)
3510
2820
0577 (1.3%)
2221
0411 (1.9%)
Unmilled durum
wheat
0412
(1.3%)
0542
0575 (1%)
Grapes &
raisins
0460
0422
8423 (1.3%)
Men's trousers
6513 (0.74%)
6522
6978 (1%)
Base metal
household
appliances
N.E.S.
0344
2111
6716
5621
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
tanzania
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.637 / (95/10)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
3
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
0.76
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.03
Distance
2008
0.035
0.04
0.045
0.05
0.055
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
94
75.2
56.4
37.6
18.8
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0711 (15%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
0711 (32%)
6672 (13%)
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
2631 (17%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 42 M / (28/4)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 3.1 B / (106/14)
2631 (16%)
6821 (6.9%)
6672 (2.2%)
6899
6575 (2.8%)
6513
(0.99%)
2654 (14%)
0577 (7.3%)
6821 (5.6%)
0741 (4.8%)
2924 2929
0741 (3.3%)
0813 (2.6%)
2235
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2634
0812
2231
0149 (2.6%)
2111
2114
4314
6575
(1.5%)
0752 (3.1%)
2924
0548 1212 (2.5%)
5322
0611
(1.6%)
2483
8462
2111
6521
(0.82%)
2472
(1.2%)
2483
5322
2112
0721 0360
(0.8%) (0.92%)
0712
4314
0577 (2.6%)
Edible nuts
0741 (1.5%)
Tea
2634
(1.3%)
2225 (1.1%)
0343 (2.2%)
Fresh or chilled
fish fillets
4242 (1%)
Palm oil
2926
0721
(0.92%)
Raw &
roasted
2927coffee2925
beans
7758 (1.3%)
7711 (2%) Electrical
Electro-thermal home transformers
appliances N.E.S.
2882
6671
6673
7268 (1%)
Bookbinding
machines
7929
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5629
8932
6589 (2%) Other
textile articles
N.E.S.
6575
0412
5621 (1.3%)
Nitrogenous
fertilizers
2483
0360
0813
(0.71%)
6513
4312
8931
6951
thailand
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.814 / (31/6)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.72
0.74
0.76
0.78
-5
Distance
2008
10
Opportunity Gain
15
x 10
-3
Evolution of
export composition
2.6 k
2k
1.5 k
1k
520
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2320 (12%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0548 (6.4%)
0422 (8.3%)
7764 (5.7%)
2008
0421
(1.3%)
2235
2929 0470
(1%)
2922
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7491
(1.1%)
0440
2785
(0.99%)
2879
6581
8510
(2.3%)
0342 0341
8439 8451
(1.7%)
8462
8429
6534
8441
6513
6584 6521
7161
6783
6114
6129
7731 8211 0589 8931 0579
(1.7%)
0980 0585
8219 6624
0565
2483
8999
6871
8851
5921
0819
8973 (3%)
6673 (2.8%)
8435 6354
0114 (1.4%)
7599 (2.4%)
Parts of cash
registers &
calculating
machines
7788
(1.7%)
5831 (1.2%)
Polyethylene
6210
5138
5112
5834
5832
8841 (1.1%)
7621
(0.65%)
7768
(0.62%)
7611 (1%)
7764 (5%) Electronic microcircuits
7638
7722
8482
7751
7721 (1.4%)
Switchboards,
relays
&
fuses
6251
7758
7431
7139
6940
7851
0611
0371 (1.9%) Fish 0360
N.E.S.
(1.4%)
7528
6252
(0.61%)
7162
7416
8939
7712
(0.59%)
7518
(0.56%)
7929 (1%)
Aircraft
equipment
parts N.E.S.
Mining
Oil
Coal
7525
0612
6673
(1.5%)
0011 5922
2640 (4%)
8942
8482
0360 (2.5%)
0542
Precious Stones
0360 (5.1%)
0542 0711
0440 (11%)
0548 (4.5%)
0611
(3.1%)
7599 (3.9%)
0819 (3.1%)
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
2320 (8%)
6871 (8.9%)
Tropical agric.
1988
0422 (34%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 67 M / (19/6)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 176 B / (25/8)
0612
7938
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5542
0548
0149
7752
(1.4%)
Other
prepared or
preserved
6912
meat &
entrails
6114
0372 (1.1%)
0342
Prepared
5922
crustaceans &
molluscs
9710 (2.6%) Gold, non-monetary
5530
0819
7731
5823
(1.2%)
Polyesters
7853
6415
8510
(0.72%)
8459
8928
(1.1%)
8462
5833
0980
(0.94%)
Edible
products
N.E.S.
8931
2665
0589
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.93
0.935
0.94
0.945
0.95
0.955
0.96
0.965
0.01
Distance
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
14 k
11.2 k
8.4 k
5.6 k
2.8 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0612
(3.9%)
5225 (15%)
3330 (51%)
5989
(2%)
0360 (3.1%)
8996
3352
(1.7%)
1124
(1.7%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
EXPORT
TREEMAP
5225 (16%)
0615
(1.5%)
0721
3345 (5.2%)
1988
3330 (32%)
5121 (7.4%)
1124
(3.3%)
6731 (4.5%)
6713
(2.1%)
5621 (5.2%)
0611 (3%)
2877 (2.1%)
2789 (1.8%)
5621 (4.4%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0585
2873 (2.2%)
8471
2008
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
2789
6651
5225 (14%) Inorganic bases 5121 (9.1%) Acyclic alcohols & derivatives
& metallic oxides, hydroxides
& peroxides
6725
3330 (16%) Crude petroleum
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
1222
tunisia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.294 / (47/4)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.015
0.02
Distance
2008
0.025
0.03
0.035
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
1.9 k
1.5 k
1.1 k
760
380
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
5622 (11%)
4235 (14%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
8423 (10%)
1121 (4.8%)
Tropical agric.
1988
2713 (17%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 10 M / (69/8)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 19 B / (68/12)
8441
(2.6%)
6612
(2.4%)
8434 (2.2%)
0565
(1.3%)
0545
(1.3%)
3330 (24%)
0571 (3.7%)
2783
(1%)
2875
6612
2008
8439 (4.5%)
6851
2519
(2.3%) 0812 (2%) 2929 0752 6732
(1.8%)
2440 0542 6624 2450
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0012
(1%)
0577 (1.8%)
5513
2919
2116
2882 2783
0579
(0.86%)
5622 (6.8%)
4235 (5.2%)
8433
8431 8462
8472
(1.3%)
8451
5222 (6.4%)
5629 (5%)
6592
(0.99%)
0579 (1.9%)
6521
0565
0360 (4.2%)
7731
(1.3%)
7721 (1.8%)
2713 (2%)
1121
8842
2519
0571
5232 5231
6712
0012
0488
7712 7723
8510 (2.5%)
Footwear
7783
6994
8451 (1.5%)
8429 (4.7%) Other men outerwear
6123 (1.2%)
8463
6589
8431
8459 (1.1%)
8441
(0.74%)
8465
7641 (1%)
Telephone lines
7788 (1%)
Other electrical
machinery &
equipment
7722
N.E.S.
6749
7528
6612
5629 (5.3%) Fertilizers
8939
7712
2882
0341
6428
6997
5222 (4.4%) Non-metals inorganic acids & oxygen
compounds
5232 (1.9%)
Inorganic acids
metallic salts &
peroxysalts
2713 (0.9%)
Natural
calcium
phosphates
5231
& aluminium
8720
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
7861
4249
(0.59%)
turkey
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.444 / (43/16)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1
0.65
0.7
0.005
0.75
0.01
2008
0.015
0.02
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
1.8 k
1.4 k
1k
720
360
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0813 (6.3%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8462
(3%)
8459
(1.8%)
2634 (3.8%)
2929
0548
0571
2632 0741
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2919 2117
(0.86%)
0012
Mining
Oil
Coal
6725 (2.7%)
6581
6531
6596
6522 6534
6589
6521
0589
0579
0576
6783
6733
6731
(1.3%)
5629
(1.2%)
5622
6421
5831 5834
5832
5621 5111
5138
5232
4235
6842
0012 (2.4%)
6973
0412
(1.1%)
2631
6822 6716
0914
6732 (3%)
6749
(1.2%)
6727
0546 0545
0565
0572 0571
0752
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
6733 (1.3%)
Iron/steel
shapes
6727
8483 0112
8121
7414
6973
7751
6624
7753
7139 (1.3%)
Piston engines
parts N.E.S.
7711
6428
2731
0544
0575
8451 (1.2%)
8423 (1.1%)
8472
(0.69%)
8435
8441
8452
8481
6584 (1.4%)
Linens &
furnishing textile
articles
6552 (1%)
8463
6522
6531
8973 (1.6%)
Precious jewellery
0579
6514
6842 (1%)
Worked
aluminium &
aluminium alloys
7752 (1%)
Refrigerators &
freezers
8219
7758
6911 (1.1%)
6822
3330 (7.4%)
7831 (1.4%)
Public
transportation
vehicles
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Tobacco
Fruit
6513 (3.4%)
0360
0011
2682
65926716
(0.81%)
0572
6584 8423
(1.4%)
8429
6552
8472
8452
8441
8431
8424
(1.1%) (0.95%) 8435
8433
0542 (3.5%)
0577 (4.4%)
2782
0577 (22%)
8451 (2.5%)
6514
2683
0812 (2.5%)
8439 (2.5%)
6821 (3.9%)
0542
8481 (4.3%)
2879 (4.6%)
Tropical agric.
1988
2631 (36%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 74 M / (17/2)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 135 B / (31/4)
0980
6612 (1.1%)
Cement
8931
0571
2879
0572
2871
8939 (1.1%)
Miscellaneous
articles of plastic
4312
0484
0589
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0565
1211
5834
6210
5541
6513
6539
0577
(0.85%)
Edible nuts
6613
(0.88%)
Building &
monumental
6595
(0.86%)
Man-made
carpets
turkmenistan
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.217 / (115/26)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.965
0.97
0.975
0.98
0.985
Distance
2008
0.02
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
1.6 k
1.2 k
960
640
320
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
3345
EXPORT
TREEMAP
3414 (89%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
2001
2631 (94%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 5 M / (96/17)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 7.9 B / (83/19)
2631
(5.2%)
2116
2111
2681
6592
6513
(1.5%)
6522
3222
8462 8459
7923
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6513
(1.2%)
6521
6584
2631
(1.9%)
5832
(1.4%)
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
uganda
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.488 / (87/7)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
3
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
2.5
22% of WT
3
2.5
2008
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.02
0.03
Distance
2008
0.04
0.05
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
110
88
66
44
22
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2631 (20%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0711 (92%)
6821 (12%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Misc. Agriculture
Not classified
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0711 (57%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 32 M / (35/7)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 1.7 B / (117/21)
2112
2111
2114
0741 (4.9%)
2634
(1.7%)
7929
2112 0980
0813
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0612
7239 (1.1%)
Bulldozers,
angledozers &
levellers parts
7821
N.E.S.(0.9%)
7361 (0.71%)
0342
7162
9710 (2.8%)
Gold,
non-monetary
2879
0422
(0.67%)
2634 (0.83%)
0440
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0344
6116
5530
(0.56%)
4312 (1.9%) 0484 (0.91%)
Hydrogenated
oils
1110
4242
2225 (0.91%)
2919 (0.93%)
7831
0470
5541 (1.3%)
Soaps
8939
(0.52%)
6732 (1.7%)
3510 (0.7%) 6581
Iron/steel rods
2690
5233
ukraine
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.559 / (42/15)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
2.5
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.72
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.8
0.005
Distance
2008
0.01
0.015
0.02
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
1.4 k
1.1 k
840
560
280
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2816 (6.1%)
2815 (2.8%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6725 (11%)
5621 (8.1%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
6725 (13%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 46 M / (25/3)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 67 B / (45/8)
2873 (1.7%)
2816 5225
(1.9%)
6732 (6.8%)
2815 (1.6%)
6712 (4.6%)
6727
(3.6%)
6716
(3.2%)
5225 (6.7%)
6899
6841
(1.5%)
6746 (2.4%)
6891
5629 (2.2%)
3222
5113 5111
6821
2224 (2.8%)
6732 (5.1%)
5922
6114
6731 (4.9%)
6770
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8439
4236 (1.8%)
0615
5121 (1.7%)
2631
3222
6733 6745 6724 6712
(1.5%)
0412 (1.8%) 0430 (1.6%)
6749
6954 (3%)
7239 7267 6418
6770 4236 (1.7%) 2224
6259
7491
6731
6782 7432 7372 7416 7361 7915 7931 5621 (2.8%) 5331
(2.6%)
(1.8%)
7188
5113
7919
6419 5232
7148
6251
6424
6744 (3.5%)
6744 (4.4%)
6733 6745 6746
6783
(1.5%)
6899 6821
6841 (2.8%) 2782 (1.2%)
6998 3232
6517
2482
7752
2472
3510
0224
(1.1%)
5922
0230 8431
0111
(1.2%)
6113
0240
2820 (2.6%)
0730
0620
6727 (3.7%) Iron/steel 4236 (3%) Sunflower seed 0412 (3%) Other wheat &
coils
oil
meslin, unmilled
2815 (2.1%)
Not
agglomerated
iron ore
2816 (1.6%)
Agglomerated iron
ore
2873 (0.83%)
0430 (2.6%)
Unmilled barley
6716 (3%) Ferro-alloys
6733 (1.7%)
Iron/steel
shapes
2226 (2.3%)
Rape & colza
seeds
6746 (1.5%)
Iron/steel
<3mm tick
sheets
7919 (1.1%)
Railway track &
vehicle parts
N.E.S.
7431
7239
(0.94%)
Bulldozers,
angledozers
& levellers
parts N.E.S.
0813
7148
(0.6%)
2782
5225
(1.3%)
3221
(0.78%)
3232
(0.59%)
1222
6841
(0.59%)
2734
4242
6783 (2.3%) Other iron or
steel tubes & pipes
0440 (1.2%)
Unmilled
maize
5221
5331
5629
6419
7731 (1.2%)
Electric wire
3510 (0.86%)
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
6911
2483
0730
(0.9%)
0240
0484
2820
1124
6114
7912
8431
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
0.915
-1
-2
0.92
0.925
0.93
0.935
0.94
0.945
0.01
Distance
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
47 k
37.6 k
28.2 k
18.8 k
9.4 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0752 (7.2%)
5989 (11%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
3330 (82%)
7932 (7.2%)
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
0751 (14%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
3413
6841
(8.6%)
0612 0460
5621 (3.6%)
2924
0577
(3.6%) 5922 (8.4%)
7283
6652 (3%) 6664
(2.7%)
2882
5241
(1.3%)
8973
3354
2482 (2.2%)
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2471
(0.98%)
6612
8999
(1.5%)
9710
4312
7188
6251
7643 (1.4%)
Television & radio
transmitters
8973 (3.2%) Precious jewellery
6613 (1.9%)
Building &
monumental stone
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
1222
6531 (0.91%)
Continuous
synthetic
woven
5831 fabrics
united kingdom
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 1.558 / (9/2)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
1.5
0.5
0.68
0.7
0.72
0.74
0.76
1.5
0.5
-0.02
0.78
-0.015
2008
-0.01
-0.005
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
7.8 k
6.2 k
4.6 k
3.1 k
1.5 k
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7810 (7%)
7244 (2.7%)
7411
(1.6%)
7821 (2.4%)
7841
8745
(1.3%)
3345 5148
6672 (5.6%)
8822
7842 (5.3%)
5989 (1.9%)
5335
6424 5232
5530
5413 6573
6812 (1.6%)
6831
2782 6998
6811
6851
7212
7499 (2.7%)
1124 (5.1%)
6953 8960 26658928 6512 (1%)
(0.89%) (0.85%)
7851
2820
7518
8942 6822
7131
7928 7932
6960 7852 6638
6118
(1.2%)
(1.5%) (1.4%) (1.8%)
6665
7788
6747
7731
7512 7781
(1%)
0430 1222
6749 8731 6770
0730
(1.2%)
8811
6911
5513
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8921 (1.3%)
5542
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7224
(1.1%)
7139
7492
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
7924 (2.1%)
5530 8939
(0.88%)
5542
5413 0819
5334 5419
8921
8922
5911
5232
1124 (2.5%)
0224
6812 2782
0112
(0.86%)
2882
2820
5241
8928
8960
(1.4%)
6911
6997
5823
1222
5156 (1%)
5416
5148
8720
7162 (1.1%)
AC electric
motors &
generators
7234 (1.4%)
Construction &
mining machinery
7239
8741
(0.92%)
(0.79%)
Bulldozers,
angledozers &
7436
levellers parts
N.E.S.
7139
7441
7224
7138
6832
7132 (1.6%)
8743
7149 (3.3%) Parts of gas &
reaction engines
7188
7599 (1.5%) Parts
of cash registers &
calculating
machines
7523
7528
6725
7492 (1%)
Valves
7283
7929 (3.9%)
Aircraft equipment
parts N.E.S.
6210
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 61 M / (21/3)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 476 B / (9/6)
8841
6812 (1.6%)
Unwrought metals of
platinum
2882
(0.99%)
Other
non-ferrous
base metals
6672 (3.1%) Not mounted diamonds
6811
(0.89%)
Unwrought
silver
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
8996
5111
8742
8744
5154
5827
8748
5233
0980
6996
2820
(1.3%) Iron
& steel
waste
0484
0015
0430
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-0.5
0.5
0.55
0.6
-0.06
0.65
-0.05
2008
-0.04
-0.03
-0.02
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
4.3 k
3.4 k
2.5 k
1.7 k
860
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
5989 (2.4%)
8745 (2.2%)
7499 (2.8%)
7411 (2.2%)
7452 7822
7281
3345
7783
7212
8921
(1.1%)
7371 7283
6940
6991
7518 (1.8%) 7512 7928 (2.4%)
(0.83%)
8813
7131 (2.1%)
7788 (1.4%)
5413
EXPORT
TREEMAP
8731
(1.7%)
5335
2471 (2.2%) 6413
2516
6842 6349 6953
(0.94%)
4232 5513
0459 0460
(1.2%)
0421
7721 (1.5%)
Switchboards, relays &
fuses
7821 (1.4%) Trucks &
vans
8743
(0.48%)
7162
8741
7442
7239 (1.6%)
Bulldozers,
angledozers &
levellers parts
N.E.S.
7924 (4.1%) Aircrafts of more 7929 (2.4%)
than 15 tons
Aircraft
equipment parts
N.E.S.
7923 (0.75%)
7144 (0.74%)
7449
7234
7212
7284 7139
7493 8749
(1.4%)
7599 (4.4%)
7768
(1.6%)
7525
(1.2%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
7132
7239 7452
7721
(1.4%)
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
8983 7522
(1.3%) (1%)
7788
(1.2%)
7648
7528
(1%)
7929 (2.3%)
2471
(1.2%)
7149
(2%)
7731
2517 6413
7144
7521
0440
(2.6%)
0813
0412
2631
(1%)
5832 0577
1222
1212
2882 2782
9710
5241
7131
2222
(2.3%)
2111
2820
3354 (0.76%)
2871 5823
0980
0579
7234 (1%)
7492
Construction
& mining
machinery
7132 (0.85%) 7436
Internal
combustion
engines for
6940
motor vehicles
7449
7452
7284 (1.6%)
Specialized industry
machinery & parts
N.E.S
1222
0813
(1.6%)
8720
0819 6419 2713
2631
(0.84%)
(2.8%)
5622 5221
6424
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7849 (5.6%)
8822 2331
2222 (4.6%)
(0.92%)
5148
0440 (4%)
5155 5137
5621
7821 (2.1%)
1988
9510 (4%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
7842 (9.8%)
2008
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
8748
5156
8744
5112
8742
7742
8939
(0.76%)
5542
8921
5530
(0.72%)
5137
5416
5831
5629
(0.77%)
Polyethylene 5221
6672 (1.6%)
Not mounted
diamonds
2882 (0.71%)
6842
2820 (1.1%)
Iron & steel
waste
8960
2517
(0.83%)
Works of art
5823
6812
7763
(0.84%)
8841
7523
(0.82%)
2890
(0.61%)
3222
(0.84%)
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2631
0114
0113
0111
0980
8931
uruguay
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] 0.109 / (56/6)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
2008
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.88
0.02
0.025
Distance
2008
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
1.8 k
1.4 k
1k
720
360
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0111 (23%)
0421
(2%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2682 (3.9%)
2687
(2.8%)
0149 (2.9%)
2686
(1.8%) 6114 (3.8%)
2685
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0112
6130
(1.6%)
0116
6612
(1.9%)
0011
6114 (10%)
0421 (4.9%)
2681 (3.9%)
2682
(2.5%)
2687
(2.3%)
0111 (6.8%)
6123
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
(1.1%)
0342 (1.6%)
9710 (7.6%)
0814
0116
0240
(1.1%)
4113
5334
(1.7%)
5913
5311
5622
5542
6624 2472 6252
8211
0579 0980
6412
0343 0360
0149
8421
8431
8424
(1.1%)
6542 (2%) 6522
2222
0571 (1.5%)
(1.2%)
0813 0430 0482
2686
2733
2117
2734
6512 (12%)
4241
6512 (15%)
Food Processing
0422
(1.1%)
0813
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
2681 (27%)
Animal Fibers
Petrochemicals
Leather
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
5922
0011 (1.2%)
4113 (1%)
0149
0116
0571 (1.2%)
Fresh or dried
oranges &
m&arines
0115
8483
0224 (3.6%) Preserved, concentrated
or sweetened milk & cream
0342 (2.4%)
Frozen fish,
excluding fillets
2472 (3.3%)
Sawlogs & veneer
logs of
0344 (0.86%)
non-coniferous
Frozen fish
fillets
2460 (3.2%)
Pulpwood
6342 (0.91%)
Sheets of
plywood
0914
8211
2483
0223 (1.1%)
Fresh milk &
cream
0230
(0.67%)
2681
2682
6210 (1.3%)
Materials of
rubber
5834
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
5542 (1.2%)
Organic
surface-active
agents N.E.S.
5231
5912
(0.52%)
5629
9710 (1.3%)
Gold,
non-monetary
6783 (0.89%)
7832
(0.67%)
6542
8431
uzbekistan
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.658 / (96/24)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
3
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
22% of WT
2.5
2.5
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
0.89
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
Distance
2008
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
260
208
156
104
52
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1994
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2001
2631 (90%)
6861
(1.4%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 27 M / (39/5)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 7 B / (87/20)
2631 (40%)
3414 (16%)
9710 (7.5%)
6811
5241
(1.6%)
6821
6861 (1.8%)
6521
(1.3%)
6513 (6%)
2633
5621
6822
0344
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6521
(2%)
6522
0575
0544
0813 1211
2613
0579
(2.1%)
0545
6732
0565
3510
5621
6822 (0.74%)
2919
6577
(1.2%)
0575 (1%)
6822
5241 (8.1%) Radioactive chemical elements 9710 (5.1%) Gold, non-monetary
5621 (2.1%)
Nitrogenous
fertilizers
6612 (1.3%) Cement
2890
7711
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
8462
6732 (1.1%)
Iron/steel rods
7731
0545
(0.54%)
venezuela, rb
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.109 / (111/21)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.982
0.984
0.986
0.988
0.99
0.992
0.994
Distance
2008
0.02
0.04
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
3k
2.4 k
1.8 k
1.2 k
600
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
1988
EXPORT
TREEMAP
3330 (74%)
3330 (97%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 28 M / (38/6)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 85 B / (38/3)
6841 (8.9%)
6746
6783
6725
6731
6842
(2.3%)
6732 6417
2815 (2.2%)
5621
3345
2873
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0342
vietnam
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.181 / (67/11)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.74
0.76
0.78
0.8
0.82
0.84
0.86
0.025
Distance
2008
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
0.05
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
730
584
438
292
146
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0741 (4.2%)
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
0360 (38%)
2820 (4%)
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
1988
2320 (53%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 86 M / (13/5)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 63 B / (48/10)
2222 (2.5%)
0440 4249
5513
0422
(2.4%)
2221 (1.8%)
2919 (3.1%)
7821
(1.8%)
0819 (3.6%)
0812
0488 2924
(1.1%)
0752
8997 (2.1%)
2929
(1.1%)
0440 (2.1%) 4234
2613
5513
EXPORT
TREEMAP
0752 0751
0548
2640 2922
(0.96%)
7932
(1.8%)
0711 (3.8%)
2008
0360
(1.2%)
3330 (9.7%)
2221 (1.6%)
0577
(1.2%)
0741
2225
3221
2472 (2.6%)
6953
2820 (3.2%)
3222
6597
6611
0980
6597
0372
2919 (1.8%)
0344
2111
8439 (2.4%)
Other women
outerwear
8310
(1.1%)
8451 (2%)
Knitted
jerseys,
pullovers &
cardigans
8431
(0.98%)
0577 (1.7%)
Edible nuts
7518 (2.4%)
Office machines
N.E.S.
7638 (0.78%)
7641
8423 (1.5%) Men's
trousers
8429
6589
8452
8421
6727 (0.83%)
6725 (0.7%)
8441 (0.72%)
7162
7161
6749
3221 (2.6%)
Anthracite
0360 (3.4%) Fresh, chilled, frozen or 8219 (3.5%) Furniture parts N.E.S.
salted crustaceans & molluscs
8973
(0.72%)
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
0372
(0.78%)
0342
(0.66%)
6649
0371
8939
5621
8931
0579
yemen
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -1.042 / (107/12)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.97
Distance
2008
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
360
288
216
144
72
0
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
EXPORT
TREEMAP
3330 (82%)
2114 (5.2%)
2919 (3.1%)
Tropical agric.
1988
3330 (27%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 23 M / (43/6)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 7.8 B / (85/15)
0360 (10%)
2117
(1.2%)
2111
0350 (8.5%)
2631 (20%)
2223 (3.6%)
2922 (2.9%)
0350
0616 (1.6%) 2119
9610 (9.6%)
0711
(1.4%)
2634
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
7641
(1.1%)
3345
7234 (1.1%)
Construction &
mining machinery
7831
(0.66%)
7931
3352 (1.4%)
Mineral tars
0573
1222
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
zambia
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.933 / (105/14)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-1
-2
-2
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.01
2008
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
Opportunity Gain
Distance
Evolution of
export composition
1.1 k
880
660
440
220
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
1988
EXPORT
TREEMAP
Mining
6821 (88%)
6821 (98%)
Oil
Coal
Precious Stones
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 13 M / (61/16)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 5.1 B / (93/8)
6899 6822
(3.9%)
6861
(1.1%) 1212
6811
0574
6673 0575
(1.8%) 2631
6521
2008
EXPORT
TREEMAP
1211 (1.4%)
Unstripped
tobacco
0440 (1.1%)
0460
(0.56%)
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
2631
5222
0546
zimbabwe
ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY INDEX [2008] -0.327 / (80/6)
2008
Product
Space
Product
exported
with RCA>1
Product
not exported
with RCA>1
Node size is proportional
to world trade
Export Opportunity
Spectrum
22% of WT
6% of WT
2% of WT
0.8% of WT
0.06% of WT
Fraction of
products with
RCA > 1
2008
-1
-2
-1
-2
0.9
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.01
0.02
Distance
2008
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
Opportunity Gain
Evolution of
export composition
200
160
120
80
40
0
1968
1973
1978
1983
1988
1993
1998
2003
2008
1968
EXPORT
TREEMAP
6673 (5.7%)
2789 (5%)
5417
5542 6424 5530
(1.8%)
(0.97%)
6419
5335
5322 (4.3%)
6421 (3.8%)
6210
7831
7211
6991 6647
8510
(1.8%)
0914
(1.2%)
0980
(0.85%)
6575 6517
1211 (6.2%)
8310 6513
6831 (13%)
0611 (3.4%)
Mining
Oil
Coal
0711 (2.1%)
1213
2927
2784 (5.6%)
0412
6821 (3.2%)
6725
0111 (4.2%)
8439
6521
6871
1213
0612 (1.7%)
Refined sugar
0572
0813
(0.99%)
Fresh or dried
citrus N.E.S
2731
2789
3232 (0.99%)
6612 (0.97%)
6672 (0.9%)
Not mounted
diamonds
6991
6954
2631 (5.5%) Raw cotton
2731 2881
(1.6%) (0.95%)
1211
Precious Stones
6716 (23%)
1223
0612
0571
7731 6351 6940
6716 6733
(1.7%) (1%)
(1.1%)
6996 6921 6353
1222
0814
6783
8928 6951 6935 8993
0141
7781
6770
8960
6423
EXPORT
TREEMAP
2631 (6.5%)
6924
2008
Food Processing
Garments
Not classified
1212 (15%)
1123 (7.5%)
Misc. Agriculture
Fruit
Tobacco
Tropical agric.
EXPORT
TREEMAP
5621 (1.6%)
5221
0111 (13%)
1988
2784 (11%)
Animal Fibers
Leather
Petrochemicals
Other Chemicals
Agrochemicals
Metal products
Ships
Boilers
Aircraft
Machinery
Electronics
POPULATION 12 M / (62/17)
TOTAL EXPORTS USD 1.7 B / (118/22)
8219 (1%)
2482
(0.98%)
2471
* Numbers indicate SITC-4 rev 2 codes. Parenthesis indicate percentage of total exports. Treemap Headers show: Total Trade/Total World Trade (share of world trade represented by the country).
7188
0546
(0.78%)
6421
6535 (0.74%)
8422 (2.5%) Men's
suits
5232
(0.71%)
5231
(0.67%)
CHE 1
SWE 2
AUT 3
GBR 4
JPN 5
FRA 6
USA 7
ITA 8
BEL 9
NOR 10
FIN 11
DNK 12
NLD 13
HKG 14
HUN 15
POL 16
IRL 17
PAN 18
PRT 19
KOR 20
ISR 21
CAN 22
BGR 23
ESP 24
CHN 25
ROU 26
SLV 27
SGP 28
JOR 29
CRI 30
NZL 31
AUS 32
URY 33
GRC 34
MEX 35
CHL 36
GTM 37
IND 38
LBN 39
MAR 40
MRT 41
ARG 42
CUB 43
COL 44
EGY 45
DZA 46
TUN 47
ZAF 48
MNG 49
ZWE 50
ALB 51
PAK 52
VEN 53
JAM 54
HND 55
NIC 56
TTO 57
SEN 58
SYR 59
VNM 60
OMN 61
PER 62
TUR 63
PHL 64
ECU 65
LBR 66
BOL 67
IRN 68
PRY 69
MYS 70
BRA 71
THA 72
ZMB 73
MWI 74
CIV 75
GIN 76
MLI 77
KHM 78
LAO 79
LKA 80
KEN 81
GHA 82
MDG 83
COG 84
DOM 85
ETH 86
SAU 87
IDN 88
CMR 89
AGO 90
PNG 91
MOZ 92
TZA 93
UGA 94
SDN 95
GAB 96
NGA 97
QAT 98
KWT 99
MUS 100
LBY 101
1964
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
19
986
JPN 1
CHE 2
SWE 3
FIN 4
AUT 5
GBR 6
SGP 7
KOR 8
HUN 9
FRA 10
USA 11
ITA 12
DNK 13
IRL 14
ISR 15
BEL 16
MEX 17
POL 18
NLD 19
ESP 20
HKG 21
ROU 22
CHN 23
NOR 24
THA 25
MYS 26
PRT 27
PAN 28
CAN 29
BGR 30
LBN 31
TUR 32
BRA 33
NZL 34
TUN 35
JOR 36
CRI 37
GRC 38
IND 39
COL 40
ZAF 41
ARG 42
URY 43
PHL 44
SLV 45
IDN 46
DOM 47
ALB 48
GTM 49
TTO 50
EGY 51
CHL 52
VNM 53
AUS 54
SAU 55
LKA 56
SYR 57
MUS 58
SEN 59
QAT 60
MAR 61
KEN 62
ZWE 63
HND 64
JAM 65
CUB 66
PRY 67
PAK 68
OMN 69
PER 70
UGA 71
MDG 72
NIC 73
KWT 74
ECU 75
TZA 76
ZMB 77
LAO 78
GHA 79
KHM 80
BOL 81
CIV 82
VEN 83
ETH 84
IRN 85
MWI 86
MNG 87
LBR 88
MOZ 89
MLI 90
GAB 91
LBY 92
CMR 93
DZA 94
GIN 95
NGA 96
PNG 97
AGO 98
COG 99
MRT 100
SDN 101
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
G lossary
D istance
D i v ersity
is a country characteristic. It is the number of products that a country exports with comparative advantage.
E conomic C omplexity I ndex (ECI) is a country characteristic.
It is a measure of how diversified and complex a countrys export
basket is. It is calculated as the mathematical limit or eigenvector of a measure based on how many products a country exports
and how many other exporters each product has.
O pportunity Value
P erson b yte
P roduct C ommunity
is a product characteristic. A product belongs to a community if it is closer to the other members of the
community than it is to products outside of the community.
(RCA) is a characteristic of
a country-product pair. It is calculated as the ratio of the share of
a product in a countrys export basket to the share of that product
in world trade. A country has RCA greater than 1 in a certain product if that product represents a larger share of its exports than of
world exports.
U b i q uity
is a product characteristic. It measures how many
countries export a given product with comparative advantage.
R eferences
Balassa, B., The Purchasing Power Parity Doctrine - A Reappraisal, Journal of Political Economy 72, 584-596 (1964).
Feenstra, R.; Lipsey, R.; Deng, H.; Ma, A. & Mo, H. World Trade
Flows: 1962-2000 NBER working paper 11040. National Bureau
of Economic Research, Cambridge MA (2005).
United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database
(http://comtrade.un.org/db/), accessed in August 2011.
COLOPHON
P A P E R : 80# Accent Opaque text and Productolith Points Cover.
C O L O R S : 5/5. T Y P O G R A P H Y : Knockout & Caecilia LT.
This book was printed at Puritan Press,
New Hampshire, during October 2011.
A map does not tell people where to go, but it does help them determine
their destination and chart their journey towards it. A map empowers by
describing opportunities that would not be obvious in the absence of it.
If the secret to development is the accumulation of productive knowledge,
at a societal rather than individual level, then the process necessarily requires
the involvement of many explorers, not just a few planners. This is why the
maps we provide in this Atlas are intended for everyone to use.
http://atlas.media.mit.edu
| Ricardo Hausmann | Csar A. Hidalgo | Sebastin Bustos | Michele Coscia | Sarah Chung | Juan Jimenez | Alexander Simoes | Muhammed A. Yldrm |