Fatimah Al-baki

4.)

X-bar
R

1
79.2
78.8
80
78.4
81
79.5
2.6

SAMPLE
3
79.6
79.6
80.4
80.3
80.8
80.1
1.2

2
80.5
78.7
81
80.4
80.1
80.1
2.3

X-Bar
81.0
80.5
80.0
79.5
79.0
78.5
78.0
0

8.)

Observation
Number of
defects

C
5
4
3
2
1
0
0

9.)

Sample
Number of
Defects
Total
p

5
100
5%

3
100
3%

12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
0

6%
4%
2%
0%
0

14 a.)

Observation
Number of
defects
Up/Down
Above/Below

3
U
A

Observed Runs

Expected # of
Runs

10 Up/Down runs

9 Runs

10 Above/Below runs

8 Runs

The problem requests z = -2 to +2. For media

SAMPLE
4
78.9
79.4
79.7
79.4
80.6
79.6
1.7

5
80.5
79.6
80.4
80.8
78.8
80.0
2.0

n=5
N=6

6
79.7
80.6
80.5
80
81.1
80.4
1.4

X-Bar

x double bar = (79.5 + 80.1 + 80.1 + 79.6 + 80.0

Average of ranges = (2.6 + 2.3 + 1.2 + 1.7 + 2.0

UCL = 81.102

Meant Chart:
A2 = 0.58
UCL = (80) + (0.58)(1.9
81.102
LCL= (80) - (0.58)(1.9) = 7
LCL = 78.898

Range Chart:
D3 = 0
D4 = 2.11
UCLR = (2.11 * 1.9) = 4.009
LCLR = (0 * 1.9) = 0

C Chart

UCLc = 5.17

LCLc = 0
2

10

12

14

16

5
100
5%

7
100
7%

4
100
4%

6
100
6%

8
100
8%

4
100
4%

P Chart

12%

UCLp = 9.95

10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
0

LCLp = 0.932
2

10

12

14

16

18

6%
4%
2%
0%
0

10

12

14

16

18

Median = 1.5
3

1
D
B

0
D
B

1
U
B

3
U
A

2
D
A

0
D
B

Standard
Deviation

z-test

1.47 Runs

0.68

1.8 Runs

1.1

N=14
E[r] u/d = (2(14) -1)/3 = 9 Runs

Standard Deviation u/d = Square root of [((16*14)-29) /9

z-test u/d = (10 - 9) / 1.47

ts z = -2 to +2. For median calculated z -test was 1.1. 1.1 fall between -2 and 2, therefore the

+ 80.1 + 80.1 + 79.6 + 80.0 + 80.4) / 6 = 79.9 --> 80.0

(2.6 + 2.3 + 1.2 + 1.7 + 2.0 + 1.4) / 6 = 1.86 --> 1.9

Meant Chart:
A2 = 0.58
CL = (80) + (0.58)(1.9) =
81.102
(80) - (0.58)(1.9) = 78.898

In control, because x-bar values are within the upper/lower value limits.

Range
UCL = 4.009

LCL = 0
1

10

11

12

13

14

C Chart:
C- Bar = (21/14) = 1.5
UCLc = (1.5) + (3 * (Square root of 1.5)) = 5.17
LCLc = (1.5) - (3 * (Square root of 1.5)) = -2.17 = 0
Since all data points lie between the UCL and LCL, the process IS IN CONTROL.

10

11

12

13

14

5
100
5%

9
100
9%

3
100
3%

4
100
4%

5
100
5%

6
100
6%

P Chart:
z = 1.96
Standard Deviation = Square root of [((0.0544) (1-0.0544))/100] = 0.023
UCLc = 0.0544 +(1.96)(0.023) = 9.95%
LCLc = 0.0544 - (1.96)(0.023) = 0.932%

Since all the P values fall within the UCL and LCL, the process IS IN CONTROL.

10

11

12

13

14

2
U
A

1
D
B

3
U
A

1
D
B

2
U
A

0
D
B

(14) -1)/3 = 9 Runs

are root of [((16*14)-29) /90] = 1.47

10 - 9) / 1.47 = 0.68

E][r]med = 1+ (14/2) = 8 Runs

Standard Deviation med = Square root of ((N-1

z - test med = (10 - 8) / 1.8

and 2, therefore the pattern is random and process IS IN control. For Up/Down, calculated

r/lower value limits.

In control, because range values are within the upper/lower value limits.

Total
21

15

16

Total

6
100
6%

7
100
7%

87
1600
P-bar = 5.44%

0.0544))/100] = 0.023

N CONTROL.

ed = 1+ (14/2) = 8 Runs

med = Square root of ((N-1)/4) = 1.8

ed = (10 - 8) / 1.8 = 1.111

Up/Down, calculated z- test is 0.68, which is between -2 and +2, therefore pattern is random

e pattern is random and process IS IN control.

3.) A control chart is a time-ordered plot of sample statistics, used to distinguish between random and nonrandom v

5.)
a.) X-Bar: Also known as mean control chart, is used to monitor the central tendency of a process; detect changes in
b.) Range: A control chart used to monitor and detect changes in process data dispersion or standard deviation; they
c.) P-Chart: A control chart for attributes, used to monitor the proportion of defective items in a process.
d.) C-Chart: A control chart for attributes, used to monitor the number of defects per unit.

6.) A run is defined as a sequence of observations of one characteristic followed by a sequence of observations of a d

n random and nonrandom variability.

a process; detect changes in the mean of the process. It is based on a normal distribution.
or standard deviation; they are sensitive to changes in process dispersion.
ms in a process.

uence of observations of a different characteristic. The characteristic can be anything that is obeservable. It allows analysts to de

ble. It allows analysts to detect abnormalities in a process and provides insights for fixing a process that is out of control.

hat is out of control.