An English and Arabic Dictionary in Two

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. a.
ORIENTAL INSTITUTE
LIBRARY
OXFORD UNIVERSITY
**
305506754Z
ENGLISH AND ARABIC DICTIONARY.

PART THE SECOND.
<Bniglish and
AN
ENGLISH AND ARABIC
DICTIONARY,
Jit $ura $aris,
ARABIC AND ENGLISH,
AX..
ENGLISH AND ARABIC,

IN -WHICH THE ARABIC WORDS ARE REPRESENTED IN THE ORIENTAL CHARAOTEK
THEIR CORRECT PRONUNCIATION AND ACCENTUATION
SHEWN IN ENGLISH LETTERS.
JOSEPH CATAFAGO,
OF ALEPPO, IN SYRIA :
-I HtT VUY TO s.ir.fMAX PASHA (MAJOR-GENERAL OF THE EGYPTIAN A&HY IN SYRIA), 1839-1840
FIR5T IXTKmFRETKR AND CHANCELLOR OF THE OENKKAL CONSULATE OF PRUSSIA AT BKIRVT,
1*12-1851 J SECRETARY OF THE GENERAL CONSULATE OF RUSSIA AT BEIRUT, 1851-1853;
CORH-KSPOJCDINO KEXBKE OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETIES OF PARIS AND LEirttIC,
AJTO OF THE SYRO-EOTPTIAJf SOCIETY OF LONDON; TRANSLATOR OF
THE "CATECHISM OF THE AJCRARIS," (PUKRKNTKTJ TO II.M,
THE KINO OF PRUSSIA IS 184ft), AND OK OTHKH

ARABIC MASPSriUPTd, ETC. F,TC.
LONDON:
BERNARD QUARITCH,
ANT> 3?HII.OLOOIC^Vr, BOOICSELLER.
16, CASTLE STREET, LEICEHTKR SQUARE.
1858.
ittBTIB,
P K E F A C E.
" The greater part of our mercliants and consuls living in

Turkey, some for periods of ffty years, are unable, with a
fete rare exceptions, to read a nord of the language, or per
haps to understand it when read to them ; and many are even
incapable of uttering a single phrase, in common conversation."
These words from the Preface to. Redhouse's Turkish Dictionary
arc equally applicable to the Arabic language, spoken in those
vast countries which oiice constituted the powerful empire of
the Caliphs! Why is this? The answer is, that no English
and Arabic Dictionary exists. Richardson's so called English,
Persian, and Arabic Dictionary is a very good Persian Dic
tionary, but is so imperfect as an Arabic Dictionary, that the
most ordinary and essential Arabic words and phrases are
entirely wanting ; while, upon the other hand, it contains
many words which are not Arabic and others which havcbecoine obsolete. To meet this deficieiicy, I have prepared
this second part of my Dictionary in such a manner that
learners of the Arabic will be able in a short time to speak and
write the language perfectly well,results not to be expected
VI
PREFACE.
from every English and Arabic Dictionary ; and I feel confident

that, whether the traveller proceeds to Syria or Egypt, to
Mesopotamia or Arabia, a careful study of this Dictionarywill ensure his being understood with the same facility on
the banks of the Nile and the Orontes as upon the borders
of the Jordan and the Euphrates.1
JOSEPH CATAFAGO.
LONDON, 7, HOWARD STREET, STKAND,

SEPTEMBER, 1858.
1 I have given to some of the words in this book the vulgar Syrian pronuncia
tion, which, although defective, is, nevertheless, in use ; as naif for nif, lani for
tanl, iltereb for sharifa, etc. etc. It is also necessary that I should inform the
learner that in Egypt and Arabia j is pronounced like g in gin.
INTRODUCTION.
The following examples of translations will shew to the
learner that he can with the aid of this Dictionary translate
readily into Arabic.
I.
Glory be to God on high, and on eartli peace, good will towards
men. We praise thee, we bless thee, we worship thee, we glorify thec,
we give thanks to thee for thy great glory, 0 Lord God, Heavenly
King, God the Father Almighty.
Ul j,
Ul
<SJ1
.UJI tUUt 431 cjl l!
II.
Every one of us must read the Holy Scripture with diligence and
assiduity, fulfil his duties scrupulously, and have a good and noble
behaviour.
->,_
_j-L-.'.
III.
Most honored Wezir,Mr. Smith, an English merchant residing in
this town, has presented a petition to the Chancery of this General
Consulate stating that Mr. So-and-so, an Ottoman subject, is his
debtor for the sum of 100, being the price of a bale of manufactured
goods which he bought from him ; and that, although this sum has been
due for several days, his debtor eludes payment under various pretexts.
Since Mr. Smith is right in his claim, and he cannot wait any longer
for his money, your Excellency is requested to give the necessary orders
for the prompt payment of the above sum, and to receive, etc. etc.
Vlll
INTRODUCTION.
IV.
Since the receipt of your letter of the loth of September respecting
the affair of the cloth, nothing has occurred to render it necessary for me
to trouble you. In this letter you will find a Bill of Exchange for the
sum of 1000 on Mr. So-and-so of London, ut three months date, to my
account. Please to send me by the first steamer 800 pieces of T. cloth,
24 yards 8lb. 222, 100 barrels of sugar, 100 cases of indigo, and 20 bags
of cochiucal, of the first quality ; and please to insure them against
all risks and dangers. I shall soou send you 100 bules of cotton, and
bales of -washed white wool for my account.
And now let the learner of the Arabic language ehoosc whatever
sentence he pleases, and translate it by himself.
AN
ARABIC DICTIONARY.
PART THE SECOND.
(English and Juabic.

ABB
ABJ
Abandon, p. clJy tarak, j^ hty'ar. Abbreviate, p.y.aTS-1 ikhtasar.

Abandoned (forsaken, relinquished), Abbreviation,jL3ii-l ikhtisar. Ab
^t matruk.
breviations of words, L
Abandoning, or abandonment, Ll^J
ikhtisarat,
tark, jsP hajr, ^j^P hijran.
Abase, t. ^j watta', J J zall.
sdrdt.
Abdicate, t>.
/-2 âzlat, uV*^

Abased, jJ&- hakir, JJ J zalil, Abdication,
jiz^* muhtalcar.
tark.
[tstakrah.
Abasement, J^Lto- hakarat, JJJJ Abhor, t;. (j^sJ no/brmm,
tazlil, j-Axr tahklr.
Abhorred, i. -C-- Mukruli,
Abash, t>. J^ A%;W. Abashed,
munfur. Abhorrence, iyii nafrat,
^.^Lf khajlan.
To be abashed,
s\jz~>\ isiikrdh, Sj\^c. âd&wat,

J? kJuyil.
tj, Tearah.
Abate, p. (make less) ê^j nakkass. Abide, v. ^ji-; takan.
(to become less), ÔAJ nukes.
Abject, j**>- hakir, ^3 dan.
Abatement, ÔJLJ nafa, ^.oii-J Ability (power), ijjij kudrat,j\MJ\
nuitun.
iktidar. Ability (faculty of the
Abbess, i.^jjJlLjj ruysrrt addayr.
mind), JAC. âkl, t~i\j farasat.
Abbey, .^j tfayr.
[jdn. Abjuration, jloJ;! irtiddd.
Abbot, . u/rApl^/*^ ray*
Abjure, v. Jj^l artad.
ABR
318
ABS
Able, Jjl5 kalil, jjli kudir.

ikhtisar,
Ablution, JM_C ghasl, J\ .M^'.r'
cj\ ikti&ar.
ightisal, *~; . wadu.
Abreast, i_J^;(_J^> sufuf ,
Aboard (they went aboard),
Abroad (without doors), Ls
C.-^*!! nizlu fi'l markdb.
kharijan, lyUj tdhiran.
Abode, s. ^L-xt makan, _
Abrogation, (JUij!
_yr* iii'.ilfi.
matkan, J r~ mansal, u: -.J /'<//.
^
Abolish, v. jLj battal, Jiul
Abscess, . <U=
Abscond, t'.^j /arr, ^^cjt-l :htafa',
^-ar takhabba'.
Absence, d^î ghaylat, ^L>cghtyab.
1,'Ui-l, J-^-1 mubattal.
-.fS. ghayr hddir, t_o Li.
Abolition, t. JUwl t^WZ, ^ naikh.
Abominable, !jj-+ makrah, i^Ji
Absent, v. (_-lc ^/idi. To be absent
karlh.
(in mind), jl&Ubjjî gharik bil
Abominate, v. -xi)l istakrah.
afkdr. Absent things, d.'LAbomination, *. il^l ikr&h, <L
makruhiat.
ghaybat.
Abortion, s. LliLil itkdt, Jo turh.
Absentee, *. L--.'.^- ghuyib.
Above (over), .Ac âla? , jji fawk; Absolve, v.^fcc ghafar.
maghfur lahu.
(high), Û jfifi. From above, Absolved,
Abolished, ^..~J., mansukh,
mn fawk. Above-men Absolution, .^

magh/ora<.
tioned, <JL.!
aZ mushur ilayh,
mutLtl,
al mazk&r. Above measure Absolute (despotic),
J
.,.-<
mustakil
;
(complete),
(excessive), Ju>-L bila hadd, ^^
/Lj <w, /L*J iamam, J-'îlk.1 fawk alhadd.
kdmil. Absolute power, absolute
About (around), J\j dawar,
ness, ^^..*.G- /;.:/,' 1,1 11 1 1<:?; (near), k_-oy karib, L>
takrilan, vXi* %inda; (concerning),
i^c , J /iAbridge, v.jaz=*.\ ikhtaiar.
''Igment, s. *r~s?* mvkhtatar,
J1-^ ' istiklal, *--^-Absolutely (despotically),
iib...>. ^
muttakillan, \ s \ \-i t mutlakan ;

(perfectly), Ll^ kamilan.
ABU
319
Absorb, v. Jj
Absorption, Jj i-k_.
Abstain, r. (to shun, avoid) i_ *.".>
ACC
Abyss, g. (jf âmk, <Ls! lujjat,

ffhamr. A bottomless pit
ttfâmlk.
Academy, s. <L^,Jn madrasat.

ijtanab, ,,^tM^~\ ihtazar min.
Abstemious, abstinent, Aalj zakid, Academic, *. *!î_^'l- talib Jhn.,
Accede, v. (to acquiesce in, consent
>_S.-..T* mvjtanib.
Abstinence, t-jUis;-! ijtinaJ>,j\ji~\
to), J-i kabti, ^j ridl. To
tfUirdz, -'._! .-',- /.sci:.
accede to a throne, u*k>- jalas.
Abstract . (take away) ^^Jiri-l
Accelerate, v. J^ âjjal.
ikhtalas. To make an abstract, Accelerated, JiV mu-âjjal.
Acceleration, 9|r->l isrdi.
jrfr.S. \ ihhtasar.
Abstruse, abstract, J^*-< mughldk. Accent, s. <u^- harakat; (to point

Arabic, etc.), <-T-êl a^rdb.
See Obscure.
Absurd, JW* muhal.
Accept, v. (take) ,J-J kalil.
Absurdity, JisSljw^^-i /iy
Acceptance, JjJ kalul, <uU-l
Absurdly,
y&bat.
Acceptable (agreeable), Jjj-.----
Abundance, *J& kasrat.
tnaklul, jf'->"-+--* mashkur,
Abundant, j~& kaalr,
murdl.
wafir,
Acceptably, J^*iu likabul.
yojlj fayid.
Abuse, v. (to ridicule),
Accepted (received), Jj-Ji^ tnaklul.

Acceptation (received sense of a
tamatkhar; (to deceive),

word), ^>ut mu^na', />)!
; ( to speak obscenely ),
fa/tied alkaldm.
oL; lafahash.
Abuse (ill use), ij,ifjU âdatradi- Access (way, approach),
dukhul, Jlt^jij' takarrub-ila'.
yat; (ridicule), XjS?*" masichara.
Abusive, ^,-ilyiM êdiddalkaicanln.
To have access, (.Lc Jj>- J dakhal
Abusively, ^*i\SfM lighayr hanun.
âla\ Access (addition), i^li ;
Abutment, See Boundary, etc.The
ziyadut. The access or fit of a
abutments of a bridge, J.
Itudiid.
fever, j^^k.l^J rfawr aZ humma1.

Accessory (additional), iX]j fi-Jrf.
AGO
320
Anything accessary.
mat.
Accessible,
ACC
9 daml- Accomplished (completed, perfect),

,Uj tamam, J-l kamil. Ac
complished (in mind or person),
tik addu-
mu.rn.ldn
/ . \\ ^_ -^j- L; sdhib adab,
khul,
ztirif, v_ ^_,> latif.
addukhul.
Accession to a throne,
Accomplishment (completion),
Accessary (assisting in a crime),
itmdm.
Accomplishment (of
J4j raflk.
mind or body), J-ai
Accident, *. J\u\ ittifak, jjUsinat. Accomplishments,
hddisat, ^j\- tdrid. Accidents,
fadayil.
[Account.
Accompt, c_:L*5>- hisab.
See
^îW*
ntuhasib.
*-j^j wakali.
Accord, or accordance, isi^yt muwuAccidental, êj^
Accidentally, *LiU^
ittifakan.
Accidents of the body, ^j>}f

i jumdniat.
Âccidents of fortune (adversities)
Acclivity (ascent of a hill),
Accommodate, . (to adapt),
tvafak, (_.-~)U nasal.
Accommodated, ji^ muwafik
J;S layik, t_>^ munasib.
Accommodating
(part.)
muwafik.
Accommodation
(fitness),
manasabat, <UJ \yt muteafakat,
. y^y .3 tawjtk j (reconciliation ),
jUJ\ ittifak.
Accompany, v. J^s \i r&fak. '
Accomplice, . <_- j raflk.
* 'complish, v. (fin ish), ^*J' tammam.
*
jlarl ittihdd. With one ac
cord, Jis>-\j.jUJU la ittifdk tcdhid.
.coord, v. (ji: waffak.
\_fikAccordant, according, (jJ^y* muicdAccording as, according to, accord
ingly i ~- hasab, j^Ji^* nun,
,u likadar. According to custom,
. rjî_-. .,.. >- hasab arnuHniAccording to the signal, L-^*-*x,\$\ Jiasalvl'uharat. Accord
ing to the occasion, LSÎL_. .
hasab ul'iktidd. According to
the emergency,
likadar ul'ihtiyaj.
^\*zJ\y)i>
According to
permission, Jrjl^-S'k.-"^*- Aaw*

td'ijazat. According to order,
hasab ul'hukm.
ACC
321
ACH
Accost, . L> gallam, <-Jj karrab. Accumulation,

taiicm.
Account, *. t_jLu3- hisiib.
To
settle accounts, __-_A^ hdsab. Accumulative, jliir^^ljjlj /tdiZ
Accuracy, i^f sahhat.
[tahlh.
The balance of an account,
c_jy...-s \ bald alhisdb. An auditor Accurate, ^yâ* masbut, -f^
of accounts, c-iLuk-l^^*! amln Accurately, di^JJo likol sahhat.
alhisdb. To call any one to an Accursed, ^j*^* ina.li.un (plur.
^.j+jzL* mala^tn), ,..*! la^ln.
account for money, <_>L.k I ^.-Ji
(al'ib alhisdb.
To rectify an ac
ilay he be accursed, <uLe<idJ|jJ
la^natullah âlayhi.
count, C-jL.O^tf^ sahhah
Accusation,
>lx^> Mkayat, IvCi
alhisdb. An account (narrative),
shaJiwu, i^-Cl shikwah.
^. Jchabar, <Uu l;iwh, ôLC>hiluyat. To give an account, Accusable, <olxuJ'^jÛu^ mustahik
j*~ k/tabbar. Account (value),

^4*1 kunat.7 -xilo"
To
r.i i^tioCir.
c
make account of (to esteem),
i^tibar. On your account,
. mm ajalak. On this
account,
ashshikdyat.
Accuse, f. iLv-i ,-G-i I ishtakdilih.
Accused,
itJtc^yijL^ ffM^Wâ'
lalayih.
,
Accuser, *. ^^ mi/Mag.
Accusing, (part, pres.) o("..?.,.<
nushtakl.
Accustom, v. JLCJ!C <.ntncad âla' .
Accountable, Jyu><- mas'ul.
Accustomed, jbjt< mu^tdd. To be
Accountant, *. i__^-jls'* muhusib.
accustomed, to accustom one'sAccount-book, .^pjj daftar.
self, ^jLcJjptJi tataicwad âla'.
Accounting-house, . k_^cC< maktab,
Accounts (arithmetic), t_jLJJjLa Ace, . (jwl <M.
Acephalous (without a head), jM
i 'Y//J allusiil.
Accrue p. (to arise as
Accumulate, f.
Accumulated,
\~* mutardkam.
profit),
\JH\J lighayr rds.
\_dat.
Acerbity (sourness), Layâ~ humuAche, s. f-f^j waja^. The head

ache, (juuyl^>-j waja^ arrtit.
The belly-ache,
albatn.
ACT
322
ACQ
The tooth-ache,
To be
formed),
.=- ini/it; aiHintiii. The
acquainted,
ache, or disease of the liver,
Acquiesce, v.
&_, (. \\m--s~2 wajaâlkibd.
Acquiescence, J^-Js kabul,
Ache, v. (suffer pain), j-^-y tawajja^.
radl, J-5
Acquire, v. Jâ>- A**a/.
\marn.
Acquired, J-is-* muhassal.
Achieve, v. J^* kammal, *<tJ tow-
acquired, J^sT taJiasml.
Achievement, *. (heroic action),
rida.
To be
Acquirable, JirfU yuttuhassal.
Acquirer, *. J-Ls-* muhauil.

To make Acquisition, acquirement, t_j
hammad.
iktu&b, J-f-aas?1 ^*Jâcid, acidulate,
Acidity, acidness, iejA>- humudat. Acquit,i\ (pardon), j&ghafar;' (to
set free), JaU- iA?aM ; (to do
Acme (of a disease), &\f*l bahran,
Mmid.
Acid,
one's duty), <uLci-^

Acquitment, acquittal,
Height, crisis.
Acknowledge, v.
S-WM maghfarat. An acquittance
*arr,
(receipt),
Acknowledged,
mukarrar, i_J^t mu^taraf.
Acre, .
Acknowledgment (confession),
Acrimony, acritude, i;L* marurat-
ikrar; (gratitade), t
r&n ; (concession), ^
Across a river,
ihsan. Across, jj-
annahr.
Aconite (woolfsbane),
khiinik aazlb.
Act,
To act a play,
Acorn, . tjL1 ballut.

Acquaint, .^>-\ akhbar.
Acting (part, pres.),
Acquaintance (knowledge),
ma^rifat, *Lc ^lm; (familiarity),
Act or Action, *. J*i

r.
i-l^- tnusdhabat, iUs*3 siihbat.
An action, law
Acquaintance,*. c_^s-Un musahib.
suit, or cause, \^ da^wd, t\j
Acquainted
niz(i<..
muaJlaf,
(familiar),
(in
Actions,
a-.ntdl.
JUil o/î
A good action,
ADD
323
j^ Carnal salih. A heroic
ADJ
idufat. Addition (in arithmetic),
action, Uc yhazti.
Active (industrious),
tiihib harakat, *_-; svnit.
*~*^- janii. Additions, *jl<"0

damayim, tuLL*^* mulhakut,
An
CJliUM mudafat.
active verb, i^Jj^mJ^J
Additional, Julj zaid.
f. A participle active, ~ Address, v. (speak to), t Ûl-^
M"//J aljii^tl.
Mutat, tjOjS. iarad ; (to write
Activity or Activeness,
surât.
to, or petition), JLs-^-CAjkj
Actor, *. (agent), JcU/aî7,
kaddam ârdhul.
Actual,
Actuality, <U1
haklkat. Actually,
>i-i yakinan,
Address (salutation), *L
(speech), <_>lki. khit&b ;
(JJLc âkl; (courtship),
<Us-*^ izhur al mahablat.
talam;
(skUl),
j\-$>\
An ad
t*
- hakkan.
dress (petition), ,
Actuate, e. a. C
harrak. To be Addresser, .
multamis.
actuated, c.n. ciâcr taharrak.
Adept, *.
, (JL'o 1: ''ini.il.
Acute, _L>L ia<^; (ingenious), Adequate,
mv.ts.lik,
muw&fik.
^J wi-r.
Acuteness, ^;A=^ hiddiat.
Adhere, v. (Jâ'i lusak, ^
Adage, . J^ ;,/<;,/(/. See Pro
iltasak. To cause to adhere,
verb, Maxim.
(Ji-J lassak.
Adamant, Û!\ almdt.
Adherence, adherency, adhesion,
Adapt, v. c-~>U Kii!."l.
J\ssT\ ittihad, (^J/jl iktiran.
Adapted, L - --t'-- munS.sH>.
Adherent, (J*azist multasik,
Add, f. a. Jh sarf, i_jLel add/.
Added, i_jLî, muduf, *^*^L.
makrun, ^,'f^t multmik.

Adherent, *. (j*>>j raflk.
To be added, i
Adder, *.
Addict, v.
Addition,
afâ'.
Adjacent,
mvttasil,
mujawir.
Adders, Adjective Noun, * -aJl . _! tw
toâwwad âla' .
assifat, <*z~
ziyudat,
Adjectively,
324
ADM
ADM
siyasat ; (distri
hukm,
Adieu, J
bution),
To bid adieu, v. c3j wadda^. See
Administrator *. (governor),
Farewell.
Adjoin, v. J*y wasal.
hakim ; (a guardian), laiU- h&fit ;
Adjourn, v. (Jf^ amhal. To ad
(an executor), ^>j tcasly ; (a
journ an assembly, \jAjf^\j~\
minister of state), ^Jj^ wazlr.
akhkhar al majlas.
Admirable,jOlj nadir, iUatr1 tuhfat,
Adjournment, . J\-g-"^ imkal,
t_^s*^* mtiijib, u. "j^ ert/ti.î-lj tdkhlr.
[hakam.
Admiral, *. J5/r^ ammlral,
ff"
Adjudge or Adjudicate, v. *-
.sd\ amir al bahr
jo/4,
Adjunct or Adjunction, *. <JjLl Admiration,
id&fat. See Addition, junction.
Adjuration,*. paif kasam. See Oath. Admire, p. (wonder at), h_
taâjjab, t~-J.*."...-i istaffhrab,
Adjure, v. **uJ kassam. (I adjure
iitabar ; (to love), ^JM!

you) by God the Most High,
JLJ 4-11 ljuXl***-J^ vltrim Admirer, .
lover), ^-i>Lc itishik,
idlayka Ifllahi ta^dla'.
Adjust, v. *\ii nazm.
Adjusted, pfa" manzum,
murattab.
Adjustment, /Uio^ intis&m
muhibb. Beloved, Jy
(fern. AJiwljt^ maishukat).
Admiringly, t_^s*^ bcttajab.
Admissible, Jîil ^layHtdkalul,
nazm, k_--^J/ tartib.

Admission (entrance), JÂdjuster, *. ^>\J nastm.
JîX< madkhal (plur.
Adjutant, . i-^^J nakib, (^wi
madaklial} ; (granting),
mui&win.
Administer, or Administrate, v
(order, govern). fS^~ hakam. To Admit, 0. (give entrance),
dakhkhal ; (to allow), J.J
administer justice,
sharac.. To Admonish, v.
nasah, <Ui ndblah,
/ro' oZ
administer
physic, j?
adminis
Administration (government),
Admonisher, s. ^\i nusi/i.
ADV
325
Admonishing, admonition,
nasihat, A~J tanbih.
Adolescence, L^s tula,
tkubabiat.
Adopt, v. i-f^sC tahassan, .
ikhtur. To adopt a son, 2*j
tabanna'.
Adoption, .ji-J tdbannl.

Adorable, <d.i_s**V. yusjad lahu,
Juxj yuibad; (lovely), Jwljcj
yutshat.
Adoration, ajLc itbadat, ^JJE"
*</u(?. A place of adoration,
Jux^t m&s.b(id.
Adore, v. Jus-1 fiii.nl. Jus tairf.
Adorer, i. jc>-Li w7/Vr.', jolc
ADV
(increase), nj\jj ziyadaft,

izdiyad,
Advanced in years,
Advantage (profit), *<X>lJ fdydat,
_ij
C ii'il'-..
J *- &XJL** manfi-.at
J *- (plur.
vr
*_slix munafi^} ; (opportunity),

<!~ji fursat.
Advantage, v, jUl ifad,
To reap an advantage, T-c,.r. j\
istafad. To have
the advantage, i_..dr ghaldb, j&i
zafar.
[
Advantageous, Jui< mufld,
Advantageously,
faydat,
Advent, ^_>*^, . ,r* mojl almasslh.
An adorer of the sun,

ashsfmms. Adorers of fire, Adventure, *. (accident)
i~ khatar.
[tasadda'.
majiiK.
Adventure, v. j~>\sf tqjdsar, ^JuaJi
Adorn, v. ^j zayyan.
Adventurer, *. ufp^* mujtarl ; (a |
Adorned, ^jj* muzayyan.
merchant), ^-U tajir; (a vagaAdorning (part, pres.) ^\j* mutayyi*.
\,iit\ij\ awbash; (atraveller),
Adrift, wit âyim. See Floating.
musufir.
[ism asxarf.
Adstriction,
kald. See Con Adverb, *. i_>Ja earf,
traction, binding, joining.
Adversary, .
Advance, v. (go forward) /JuLj
-.i'i>,i 'r/i/, pi. I JLC! fi^/rt and
takaddam. To advance money,
To
oârff). A mortal adversary, jJ^c

Li-^~*.,
iin/ii- mumlt. To be
C-
Advance, advancement, *-xio takad-
an adversary, i/J^-c ^"rfa'. To

cite adversaries before a judge,
dhdar al MitwamS.
jtA^Jw-gl..! tattaf dardhim.

advance in years, c
dum, Uu^l irtika,
ABE
318
ABS
Able, JjlJ kabil, jjUi Mdir.

ikhtiidr,
Ablution, Ji in r ghasl, Jl .... - iM
\ iktisar.
ightisdl, J . 11 nil a.
Abreast,
sufuf lufuf.
Aboard (they went aboard),
Abroad (without doors),
-.
i_,o ..*^ ntz/u _/fZ marlcdb
kharijan, lyfcllo zuhiran.
Abode, -. e. '._.(,
Abrogation, JIL;! ibtal, natJch,
ullihl'l.
maskan, J^* manga/, ' -;' /<;( v/.
Abolish, v. Jl:.' battal, Jbu\ abtal, Abscess, . <U- habbe.
Abscond, v.î farr, ,^>-\ ikhtafa',
* nasakh.
jÎiir1 takhabba'.
Abolished, +)^~ mansukh,
Absence, ^J^ghaybaf, ii^ghiyab.
!>: I*: I, Jiu^ mubattal.
Absent,j^\-.~:. gfutyr htidir, L_Ô \^.
Abolition, . JUaj\ }td7, ^
ghuyib.
Absent, v. <-jU ghab. To be absent
(in mind), jlSLsUbjjy: gharik 4*7
afk&r.
Absent things, CjL-ji.
Abomination, . il ird
gjiayldt.
Abortion, . SsU->\
turh.
Absentee, . eolc ghuyib.
Above (over), ^jl
Absolve, v. .Li ghafar.
(high), Îc âfi. From above, Absolved, <^î*^ maghfur lahu.
Abominable, *jj-s makruh,
karlh.
Abominate, ;. ^/-~;1' ittakrah.
jjjj^j^ w'n /owi. Above-men Absolution, yb. ta/u, *,** magh~

farat.
tioned, .vJ! ,UL.*!'. a/ mushar ilayli,
j&*A\almazkiir. Above measure Absolute (despotic), jJJa^ mutlak,
(excessive), Jo-L lila hadd,
jLl ./;/"/; alhadd.
About (around), ^l^J dawar,
Ada?? ; (near), t_.~i_Ji karib,
taknban, J^^c liiidti; (concerning),
mustakil; (complete),
*Lj iai, /LJ tamum, ^L^L^"
ka.mil. Absolute power, absolute
ness, (_^__<(*-G- /;</;/,< in a/ 1a!:,
J-~;' ittiklal, ^ hukm.
Absolutely (despotically), laMu>

^ ta, 4 fl.
mustakillan, I , 1 Vi^ mullakan ;
Abridge, v.j,g-..<\ ikhtcuar.
Abridgment, s. *r~x" mukhtasar,
(perfectly), Ll kamilan.
319
ABU
ACC
Absorb, v. *_L>
Abyss, *. Jtf , is! lujjat,

ghamr. A bottomless pit,
Absorption, j-b bait.
Abstain, v. (to shun, avoid) *
blr idmlk.
E.
ijtanab, t^s~\ ihtazar min.
Academy, *. iLj;Jt* madrasat.
Abstemious, abstinent, Juisl ; zdhid, Academic, *.
tdlib
v ----** mvjtanib.
Accede, v. (to acquiesce in, consent
Abstinence, t.jlii^-1 ijtint
to), JJ kabil,
j ridi. To
Mirdi, clii^l imtin&i.
accede to a throne,
Accelerate,
v.
Abstract v. (take away)
ithtaku. To make an abstract, Accelerated, J^^"* muâjjal.
j~^-1' ikhtasar.
Acceleration,
Accent, *. ^r. haralcat; (to point
Abstruse, abstract,
Arabic, etc.),
See Obscure.
Absurd,
mvhSl.
[alâkl. Accept, v. (take) ,J-j kabil.
Absurdity,
shay didd Acceptance, J_j-^J kabul,
ijabat.
Absurdly,
min ghayr
Acceptable (agreeable),
makbul, j^L..t mashkur, **>,*
Abundance, i^ kasrat.
Abundant, j& hair,
UÂi fayid.
wafir,
Abuse, t>. (to ridicule),

tamaskhar; (to deceive),
ghath ; ( to speak obscenely ),
murdi.
Acceptably, Jj^ bikalul.
Accepted (received), Jj-iU makbul.
Acceptation (received sense of a
word), (_^xs, mu^na',

alkaldm.
Abuse (ill use), <L.J, JfjU âdatradi- Access (way, approach),
dukhul, Îc-Jyij takarrul-ila' .
yat ; (ridicule), tjsf"* masMara.
To have access, |J^LJri- J dakhal
Abusive, (^-J\^\ôdiddalkaioan:in.
âla1. Access (addition), itiljj
Abusively, ^^jv^-ij lighayr kanun.
ziyadat.
The access or fit of a
Abutment, See Boundary, etc.The
fever, ,jAk.l^jJ rfawr al humma'.
abutments of a bridge, bi.
hudud.
Accessory (additional), Jjtj za-Jrf.
ACC
ACC
320
daml- Accomplished (completed, perfect),

Anything accessary
,UJ tamam, J^l^ kamil. Ac
mat.
complished
(in mind or person),
addu'
Accessible,
mumkin
<_rJjlv_r~p-b ahib adab,
khul,
addukhul.
zarlf, tg.V;l ?a<5/Accession to a throne,
itmam.
Accomplishment (of
cM; rafljcmind or body), uUis /<wW, <toj
Accident, s. jU^ Mifdk, ijjl*tlnat. Accomplishments, JjUii
hadisat, J>j\- i&rid. Accidents,
[Account.
hisiib.
See
Accompt,
[âradl.
Accidental, ^
AccidentaUy, " 'iJUJI
Accord, or accordance, &iu\yi mwoaittifdkan.
fakat, jlJ\ /ai, Uj rfe,
Accidents of the body, <J>}fjlorl ittihad. With one ac

'i : il^â- lawdrid jismaniat.
cord, Jo-\j j'^V Ja Mifakw&hid.
Occidents of fortune (adversities), Accord, v. <_p. wa/aA.
/1^ âwayik.
[nuzul. Accordant, according, JJ
Acclivity (ascent of a hill), JjjJ According as, according to, accord
Accommodate, v. (to adapt), J^'j
ingly i_ -f-^- hasab, i^* misl,
wafak, v_.^~iU nasab.
jiliu bikadar. According to custom,
Accommodated, (j*\y* mvwafik,
..:'J<i_- hasab arrwum.
,;.!! Uyik, t.=^< munasib.
According to the signal, L-^-*->Accommodating (part.)
if,lt3\ hasab uTisharat. Accords
muwafik.
ing
to the occasion, Ldî >_.'.->Accommodation (fitness),
Aaai
vl'Mida. According to
manasabat, Aw\y muwafakat,
^^ tawfik ;
(reconciliation),
jUJ^ ittif&k.
Accompany, v. J^J'j r&fak.
Accomplice, s. (Jj^>j rafik.
A "complish, v. (finish), **J' iammam
the emergency, ,_Us4tjJ*)

bikadar uVihtiyaj. According to
permission, ijlsyû.^*- *wi
id'ijaiat.
According to order,
ul'Jiukm.
ACC
321
ACH
Accumulation, ^*^ jamt, *>&

tahclm.
[ul'ihtikdr.
Account, . _jL^>- hisub.
To
settle accounts, L__~-;'^ hdsab. Accumulative, jlii-2! JjU //.,-'
[sahlh.
The balance of an account, îlj Accuracy, ii.-* sahhat.
i_;L^l hiihi alhiiab. An auditor Accurate, }sj.b* mazbiit, ^sf3
of accounts, ^_>L^J0Î amin Accurately, Ai" jSo izioZ sahhat.
alhudb. To call any one to an Accursed, ^j*^ maliun (plur.
Accost, v. .,._ iattam, <>j* karrab.
account for money, <_>LoJ iÎL

taldb alhiiab. To rectify an ac
count,
(-.jl.uXl^g^-
sahhah
May he be accursed, <uLc<d!!<Lx!

l(t-.n<ttuUh âlayhi.
alhual. An account (narrative), Accusation, <uLCi thikayat, lyLi

nhakwn, xj* shakwah.
j^. khabar, &*u kissah, 'oLCjAccusable,
ili^ljl^^sw* mwtahik
hikdyat. To give an account,
ashshikayat.
khalbar. Account (value),
ishtakadlh.
-_ kimat, jUic! iittbar. To Accuse, . <u
make account of (to esteem), Accused,
.1 mm ajalak. On this
account, tlWfc),^^-!^^ m* ;7
uUI.
Accountable, J^.i^-. mat'ul.
Accountant, . t-^-olsr^ muhdsib.
Accuser, . ^J*-* muaaoii

Accusing, (part, pres.)
tiushtakl.
Accustom, v. l^c.Jjfc. âwwad âla'.
Accustomed, jbjt mu^tad. To be
accustomed, to accustom one'sAccount-book, s.jiJJ daftar.
self,
JxJjfiti taâwwad âla'.
Accounting-house, s. t_^cjL maktab.
Ace, . (jw! as.
Accounts (arithmetic), i.
Acephalous (without a head), jJu
(JM\J biyhayr ras.
[dat.
Accrue <?. (to arise as profit),
Acerbity (sourness), LJ*S- humu- '
Accumulate, r.
Ache, . v^-j toaja^. The head
majmu^,
Accumulated,
ache, ^wlj!!j.r>-j toaja
1^4 mutarakam.
The belly-ache, ^Ja..
AGO
320
ACC
Anything accessary, lU-^-rs daml- Accomplished (completed, perfect),

mat.
*UJ tamdm, ^lô kamil. Ac
Accessible, J.S- -X^^y- layik adducomplished (in mind or person),
khiil, J^-Jdl^^Lfc* mumkin
<_jjl<_r-^>-L> sahib adab, ~-~
addukhuL
zarlf, c-C;^! latif.
Accession to a throne, ^^-julus.
Accomplishment (completion), *'^_
itmam.
Accomplishment (of
J^jj rafllc.
mind or body), ,J*ii fadl, ijj
Accident, *. jjUi'J iltifdk, jjU:>//*.'/. Accomplishments, JjLis
hddisat, ijOj\c- Cartel. Accidents,
faddyil.
[Account.
Accompt, t^-'Lua- /;ii<db.
See
_/... wakal^.
[
Accomptant,/)or<. t_^_jW* muhdsib.
Accidental, ifOj^ ^dridt,
Accord, or accordance, tisj^yt mwodAccidentally, LJLaJ'l ittifdkan.
jjUj'l ittifdk, LJJ ridd,
Accidents of the body, ^f>^fittihdd.
With one ac
cord, Jt-U Jjlftj'lj ba ittifdk wahid.
Âccidents of fortune (adversities),
Accord, v. (Jfij waffdk,
[_/?i.
{jLiê âwayik.
[nuzul.
Accordant, according, <jiJ\y* mutodAcclivity (ascent of a hill),
According as, according to, accord
Accommodate, v. (to adapt),
ingly -^
itu-.li. ^, mil,
wafak, i_-_ o ndtab.
jJAJ likadar. According to custom,
Accommodated, (j^y* muiedfik,
^r/J layik, \__ -!-- mundsib.
According to the signal, L--*.^
Accommodating (part.)
îLi^ hasab ul'ishdrat. Accord
mutcdfik.
Accommodation
(fitness),
i muwafakat,
mandsabat,
^JMJJJ tawfik (reconciliation),
jUJ! ittifdk.
Accompany, v.
r&fak. '
Accomplice, . ,J. raflk.
ccomplish, v. (finish), **j' lammam.
ing to the occasion, LsJMt .>hasab id'iktidd. According to

the emergency, _Li-!!^jJj
bikadar uVihtiydj. According to
permission, ij.U>-)n^.*u>. h<xa!>
ul'ijdzat. According to order,
_-._^ hasab ul'hukm.
AGO
321
Accost, v. - sattain, <~J> karrab.

Account, ,v.
hitub.
To
hasab.
settle accounts,
The balance of an account, ^yb
_'_>J li>~i!;i alhtg&b. An auditor
Accumulation,
takwim.
Accumulative,
ACH
*-';--
[vfihtikur.
Accuracy,
sahhat.
Accurate,
mazbut,
Accurately,
bikol sahhat.
of accounts, ;_.'L_^J^ ' amin
Accursed,
iiiiiliftn
(plur.
alhisdb. To call any one to an
account for money, t_>L*iJ k_JlMay he be accursed, '<!>. To rectify an ac
la-.MduUitli âlayki.
count, Ujlmk.!^*^ sahhah
An account (narrative), Accusation, .o'^Li ihikayat,

shaktaa, iJLi ihakwah.
it**- khabar, <Uu kmah, >
hikayat. To give an account, Accusable, ildlJl^JrfW* mustahik
aihshikuyat.
-i. khabbar. Account (value),
ishtakalih.
To Accuse, .
liimat,
âlayih.
Accuser,
.
x* min ajalak. On this
account, cl^JoJ^j-l,..^* min ajl Accusing, (part, pres.)
mushtalci.
talit.
Accustom, .
Accountable, Jyu~ mas'ul.
Accustomed, jL^,< mu^tdd. To be
Accountant, *. L_ *.Ag* muhusib.
accustomed, to accustom one'sAccount-book, .^JJ daftar.
self, ^LcJjitj' taâwwad âla'.
Accounting-house, . c_^L maktab.
alhizab.
Accounts (arithmetic),
Mm alhisab.
Accrue v. (to arise as
Accumulate, v.
Accumulated,
^ mvtarakam.
Ace, *. (jwl <M.

Acephalous (without a head), ^..jy
ligkayr rag.
\_dat.
profit),
Acerbity (sourness), Loyi- humuAche, *. -- w/fl. The head
majmu^,
ache, j_/i*ij
arrdt.
The belly-ache,
ACC
Anything accessary,
mat.
Accessible,
ACC
320
e dami- Accomplished (completed, perfect),

*UJ tewidw, 0UK kamil. Ac
addumumkin
khnl,
addukhul.
zarlf,
itmam.
Accomplishment (of
Jjj rafik.
mind or body), J-ii fadl, *^Jj
Accident, . jU5\ iltifdk, jJ\zinat. Accomplishments, ,Jj\-is
hadisat, J*}* t&rid. Accidents,
faddyil.
[Account.
Accompt, L_,'Lu^- hisdb.
See
Accomptant,jp<w<. *_->Vs"* mvMsib.
Accord, or accordance, tjj>\y muwaAccidental,
AccidentaUy, "UiUJl ittifakan.
*>
Accidents of the body, ^>}fjUr\ ittihdd. With one ac

L~J\****sr tatearid jismaniat.
cord, Jj-\j sUJlj la ittifdk wahid.
Âccidents of fortune (adversities), Accord, v. fJJj wa/ak.
[fitjL>y tawayik.
[nwiul. Accordant, according, Jhi^ mutedAcclivity (ascent of a hill),
According as, according to, accord
Accommodate, v. (to adapt),
ingly k~-*- haiab, (Ji- mill,
wufalt, i-^-jU nasal.
iJib bikadar. According to custom,
Accommodated, (J*\y* muwafik,
. . -~J*i_- - ~- hasab arrusiim.
JjS layik, t_&* munasib.
According to the signal, C-^>Accommodating (part.)
i,llvj\ A<wuJ ul'isharat. Accord
muwdfik.
ing to the occasion, LiiiJl >-. ""*
Accommodation (fitness),
hasab uViktida. According to
manasabat, Zu\y* mwe&fakat,
the emergency, .-UiaJ'Âw
ô tawftk; (reconciliation),
bikadar uVihtiydj. According to
jlil\ ittif&L
permission, ij,lp-^^.^-J>- '"z-'fl"
Accompany, v. <ji\j r&fak. '
id'ijdzat. According to order,
Accomplice, . (J^j rafikul'hukm.
* "complish, r. (finish), JJ' tammam.
ACC
321
ACH
Accost, t>. J-J saUam, 3.: karrab. Accumuktion,

tahclm.
Account, . fc_Au>- hisdb.
To
Accumulative,
jlisj>-ÎJjl5 kabil
settle accounts, c-^-;'-^ hasab.
[sahlh.
The balance of an account, ^s lj Accuracy, ii" sahfiat.
t_Lnk.1 i.i'n'.-i alhisdb. An auditor Accurate, }syb* mazbat, <^-sf
of accounts, ^-jL-^sJ^,1 amln Accurately, Zs* Jjo i/yto/ sahhat.
alhitab. To call any one to an Accursed, (j^^* malûn (plur.
^s-L^ malatin), ,,t-J! latin.
account for money, C_->UMW! 1^.^11)
?a/:ib alhisab.
To rectify an ac
count, c-jLuk.!*;^
sahhah
alhitab. An account (narrative),
May he be accursed, <uLc4JJ!<L*S

la^natullah âlayhi.
Accusation, <LlLi shikayat, l^Li
shakwa, i,Lii shakwah.
Accusable, LlLlJl^Ûu^ mustahik
khabar, <Uu kmah, ^>1XTo give an account,

aiJuhikiiyat.
khalbar. Account (value),
ktmat, j^~c\ i^tibar. To Accuse, t>. rfULn^j&Jil ishfaka^llh.
.uLc^jL* muddâ,'
âlayih.
,
min ajalak. On this Accuser, . ^jCJt* OTM^rfott.
account, (J>So4Ji>-!^ > ;7 Accusing, (part, pres.)
iiimhtnll.
Accustom,
. ^jLcJjt âicwad âla'.
Accountable, Jyu^ mas'uL
Accustomed, oli*^ mu^tad. To be
Accountant, *. i_r~jl.s'* muhdgib.
accustomed, to accustom one'sAccount-book, .^5JJ daftar.
self, Sr',Lc J20' taiawwad <.al<?.
Accounting-house, . t_^^L maktdb.
*
Ace, . (JM\ ass.
Acephalous (without a head), jJa
IJM\J bighayr ras.
[dat.
profit),
Acerbity (sourness), LOJ*- Jtumu.Accumulate, o. *+-^~ junta-..
Ache, . *-~rj waja^. The head
Accumulated, cy^* majmu^,
ache, IJM\J\^>-J waja^ arrai.
mutarukam.
The belly-ache,
Accounts (arithmetic), i
L/A/t alhisab.
Accrue p. (to arise as
dami-
Anything accessary,
mat.
Accessible,
ACC
320
ACC
ccomplished (completed, perfect),
; tamam,
j1 layik addumumkin
kamil. Ac
khul,
addukhul.
Accomplishment (completion), j
itmam.
Accomplishment
^j rafik.
mind or body), J-ii
Accident, s. Jjlft^ iltifdk, LjjUt. Accomplishments,
hadisat, J>j\* {.arid. Accidents,
Accidental,
Accidentally, " *Lj lL5\
fadiiyil.
[Account.
Accompt, c_;Uu- hisab.
See
Accomptant,jpar<. t_r~)W"' muhusib.
Vccord, or accordance, ifj^yt mutaa-
ittifakan
Accidents of the body,

t-awarid jismaniat
-Accidents of fortune (adversities)
Acclivity (ascent of a hill), J^
Accommodate, t>. (to adapt), J^
w&fak, i_->^J nasab.
Accommodated, J&y* muwufik
/jjX luyik, u---!^ munasib.
Accommodating
(of
(part.)
Accommodation (fitness),
manasabat, &J\y* muwafakat,
.jo tawflk; (reconciliation),
Accompany, v.
Accomplice, *.
* ocomplish, v. (finish), *J' tammam.
ittihad. With one ac

cord, jisÛ^laJlj ba ittifakwiihid.
Accord, v. (JJj waffak.
Accordant, according, \y* '>
According as, according to, accord-
,&U bikadar. According to custom,

. ~\\ (_. t,, ~. hasab arrusum.
According to the signal, L.--*-^
jiLtlH hasab ul'isharat. Accord**
ing to the occasion, LiwSit-.**>ul'iktida. According to
the emergency,
bikadar uVihtiy&j. According to
permission, ijl^-^t-^-~ ^w'
ul'ijazat. According to order
321
AGO
ACH
^ _-'Accost, !'. J> sttlltm. <>;* karrab. Accumulation,

takurlm.
[uTihtikar.
Account, s. <hitab.
To
settle accounts,
U- hasab. Accumulative,
Accuracy,
sahhat.
[sahlh.
The balance of an account,
Accurate,
*:-x*-~
bain alhiiab. An auditor
sahhat.
of accounts, j^-^'^V amln Accurately, is.-9 Jxi
(plur.
alhiiab. To call any one to an Accursed,
i
maiden),
account for money, ' _ jl...^ \ L .1U
he be accursed, <uLc<tll1<Lx!
la-,u<ituUitli
count, C-jU^L.!^** sahhah
shikuyat,
An account (narrative), Accusation,
shakwa,
shakwah.
khabar, && kiah, ^
Accusable,
ii
mustahik
hikayat. To give an account,
ashshikuyat.
khabbar. Account (value),
Accuse, . ^
uhtala^lih.
-i hii, in.!.
i-.l
To
Accused,
muddâ'
make account of (to esteem),
âlayih.
.t mtn ajalak. On this Accuser, *. ^J^ muddag.
account, cl>JO(Jsj-l..j' OTJ <y7 Accusing, (part, pres.)
talab alhi&db.
To rectify an ac
mushtakl.
Accustom, v. ^c-Jjc. âwwad

Accountable, JyUu^ mas'ul.
Accustomed, objt* mu^tad. To be
Accountant, s. y__ ->-< muhasib.
accustomed, to accustom one'sAccount-book, a.^jj daftar.
self, ^LcJjptf taiawwad âla'.
Accounting-house, . i_^^,. maktab.
Ace, . (JM\ <us.
Accounts (arithmetic), t
Acephalous (without a head), jJu
gtVm alhitab.
Accrue v. (to arise as
Accumulate, v.
Accumulated,
mutarakam.
profit),
(JM\J bighayr ras.

[dat.
Acerbity (sourness), Laj*. humaAche, . f-ffj teafa^. The head
ache, (jjjljn^js-j waja^ arrdi.
The belly-ache,
322
ACQ
ACT
attain. The tooth-ache,

formed), j_iJa^ muttalii. To be
l^-s-j waja^ asiindn. The
acquainted, _11-' attala^.
ache, or disease of the liver, Acquiesce, . u-sj rrfJ, ULJ a&7.
wajaâlkibd.
Acquiescence, J^-J Xraiu^, L^j ridu.
Ache, v. (suffer pain),
Acquire, v. J-^- hasial.
wajja^.
[mam.
Acquired, ^~as* muhatsal. To bo
Achieve, v. J* kammal, ++j towacquired, J-lar" tahassal.
Achievement, . (heroic action),
Acquirable, J-a^.r| yuttaJiassal.
Jji ghazti.
Acquirer, . J^s
Acid, u&i\s*- hdmid. To make Acquisition, acquirement,
hammad.
acid, acidulate,
taJatll.
humudat.
Acidity, acidness,
Acquit, r. (pardon), j&zghafar; (to
? bahrdn,
Acme (of a disease)
set free), j^sL>- kholass; (to do
^LsUl/tjj yawm-al-bahrun. See
one's duty), (ULcv..-^!^,**?.
Height, crisis.
Acquitment, acquittal, îc c/tl,
i -Li.* inui/iifarul. An acquittance
Acknowledge, .
Acknowledged, Jy^ maltbul,jjLi
(receipt), ^ tiro.
mukarrar, LSJUL* mu^taraf.
Acre, . ^\<lj faddan.
Acknowledgment (confession), j\Jt\
ikrdr; (gratitude), i^^-^-ii tukrun ; (concession), ^1^*-! ihtan.
Aconite (woolfsbane), i_ô JJl^plrikhfmik aw.1.
Acorn, . tjlj lattut.
Acquaint, v. ^>-\ akhbar.
Acquaintance (knowledge), Zij**
Acrid,jsi murr.
Acrimony, acritude, j\f mararat.
Across, jj+s- ^ttJur. Across a river,
annahr.
*ao^, ^J-** Carnal,
Act, .
To act a play, L. ~<S
Acting (part, pres.), J

ma^rifat, Le îlm ; (familiarity), Act or Action, *. J*J fid,
^L.Lx musdhabat, <Ls'" tuhbat.
*' offir. An action, law
Acquaintance, . t^-Li mutdhib.
suit, or cause, '.-.
*
Acquainted (familiar), iclj<

mwllaf, uJ^JL* maluf; (in
Actions,
itndl. A good action,
ADD
Carnal gdlih.
323
A heroic
action, \^s. ghazd.

Active (industrious), Aaâ-y^^L;
ADJ
iddfat. Addition (in arithmetic),
-*=? j'ti-.. Additions, *-;'-*-
damayim, -_''^_s-* mulhakat,

mudafat.
tuhib harakat, -<^-- suni^ An
Additional,
_y!
; z-; .'/.
active verb, (_JjjJM,J-)tj
A participle active, ~! Address, . (speak to),
khdtab, t^pf- ârad ; (to write
M alfdttl.
to, or petition), JLs-l^re,,Xj
Activity or Activeness, Zcî ur-.at.
kaddam ârdhiil.
Address (salutation), .-.!_ aldm;
Actor, *. (agent),
Actual,
Actuality,
fofo/tz, Jl j zafi.
haklkat. Actually,
Lju vr---,i ',-.',

Actuate, v. a. C5
actuated, p. .
Acute, J?\J
(speech), tjlla^. khit&l ; (skill),

-'.'"'''; (courtship), jLfl?!
tzAdr i mahabbat. An ad
dress (petition), Jls-ê ârdhul.
>- hakkan.
harrak. To be Addresser,
multamit.
taharrak.
mahir, J^l^ kamil.
Adept, *.
l^ mutdbik,
(ingenious), Adequate,
muicdfik.
Adhere, o. ^j~ei Idsak, ^ - M
Acuteness, <OJo~ hiddiat.
iltasak. To cause to adhere,
Adage,
masal. See Pro
verb, Maxim.
Jâ! lassak.
Adamant, îl*S\ almut.
Adherence, adhcrency, adhesion,
Adapt, > . \_ Ai fninii/i.
jlarl Mihiid, ^\jii\ iktiran.
Adapted, t_-~;^ mundsib.
Add, . a. olj zarf, <_jLel
Added,
mudaf, ***~L-*
madmUm. To be added, <_JUii!
tndaf.
{.^^ afu^l.
Adder, . ,jJ^ /.*' Adders,
Addict, v. Âiijitj taâwtead i(tla' .
Addition, ioLij ziyudat,
Adherent, JUoiL* multasik,

makrun, ^î multazik.
Adherent, s. (j^fj raflk.
Adjacent, JâL* muttasil,
mujateir.
Adjective Noun, f- c .^Jl^l ism
assifat, >^~AJ -iiii-.t, ~L~=, waif.
Adjectively, lii na^tan.
ADM
324
ADM
siyasat ; (distri
httkm,
bution),
To bid adieu, v. ij wadda^. See
Administrator s. (governor),
Farewell.
Adjoin, v. J-^j vasal.
hrikim ; (a guardian), loiU- hufiz ;
Adjourn, v. ^$*\ amhal. To ad
(an executor), ê) tcasiy ; (a
Adieu, iLUlj_- maâssaJamat.
journ an assembly, (^Ls^l^'

akhJchar al majlas.
Adjournment, . J^*^
minister of state), jjjj wazir.

Admirable, jjU nadir, AiaT luhfat,
imhal,
[hakam.
b takhlr.
Adjudge or Adjudicate, v.
Admiral, *.
Adjunct or Adjunction, *. <5jLsl

idafat. See Addition, junction.
Admiration,
ta^tjjvb.
Adjuration,*. +>MJ kasam. See Oath. Admire, . (wonder at),
Adjure, f. **J> kassam. (I adjure

you) by God the Most High,
icdayka Ifllahi tabula'.
Adjust, v. tu nazm.
Adjusted, pfe*" manium,
murattab.
Adjustment, ^^J\ intisam,
nazm, i^~3jj tartib.
Adjuster, s. Jolj nuzim.
Adjutant, *. i^-iJ nakil,
i^tabar ; (to love),

Admirer, . i^^^* mutâjyib ; (a
lover), ^-iLc iilshik, <-.^s^
muhibb. Beloved, Jik
(fern. teiMjui mai
Admiringly, t__-js*^ baâjab.
Admissible, J^K!^.^ luyikdkalvJ,
Zj\&-]\t^.*^\j WHJib alyubat.
Admission (entrance),
Jî.4X madkhal (plur.
madakhal) ; (granting),
Administer, or Administrate, v.
ijalat, J^-J JtuJfi?, Uj r*Wa.
(order, govern). Jl- hakam. To Admit, v. (give entrance),
administer justice,
ajra' al TiaTck, c î sharat.
administer physic, ^rlc
Administration (government),
dakhkhal ; (to allow), JJ kabil

To Admonish, v. f0* nasah, <ui nalbah,
Admonisher, .
325
ADV
ADV
Admonishing, admonition,
(increase), a^lij ziyadah,
..(,./.;'. <U~J tanbih.

Adolescence, I -_-p subd,
izdiyad, y_ -,( -t maksab.

Advanced in years, ^jlb
ihububiat.
Adopt, v. (if^=^ tahassan, .
Advantage (profit), iJijU fdydat,

^j naf^, <UA^ manfitat (plur.
ikhtar. To adopt a son, ,<~J

tabanna'.
Adoption, ,j~J tabannt.
^-sU^ ffina/g) ; (opportunity),

lU^j furtat.
Advantage, . J\j\ /arf, j-ii /a^.
Adorable,
<djk_s"*^. yvsjad lahu,

To reap an advantage, ^c -. '<\
Ju*j yu-,bad; (lovely), Ji-iot-1

iiitnfit-., j'^_1 istaf&d. To have
Adoration,
*jLc
îbadat, J^s
the advantage, c-^lr. ghalal, jf]o

zafar.
[nafi^.
A place of adoration,
Advantageous, A^x.* mufld, _i'j
.,. -.!! I '>.
Advantageously,
Adore, p. Jts-1 o;W, Ju
iJuliJJj
Ji'AoZ
faydat, tMC~*^j Ukol manfaât.
Adorer, . jc-Lj sajid, Jti
Advent, ^.^^ls^ OTO/Z almasslh.
An adorer of the sun,

ashthams. Adorers of fire,
majuf.
Adventure, .
(accident)
f.arid,Jla. khatar.
(jj\-z
\_tcuadda'.
Adorn, p. ^ ; zayyan.
Adventure, v. j~>\zf tajusar, ^ Juai'
Adorned, ^j* muzayyan.
Adventurer, *. ijij^s* mty'tari ; (a
Adorning (part, pres.) ^.^/ -
merchant), .^-li' tajir; (a vaga

bond ),^\jj\ atob&ih; (atraveller),
Adrift, ,^Ls âyirn.
See Floatin
musafir.
Adstriction,
See Con
traction, binding, joining.
Advance, p. (go forward) A
(aladdam.
[ism azsarf.
Adverb, *. i_>Jo mrf,

Adversary, a. j&s. âduw (tern..
, a tin,firi. pi. liXcl rtc(7. and ^-'^ '
To advance money,
tt-,in>r-:.
darahim.
To
advance in years, (.
Advance, advancement, 5j>j takaddum, \&J\ irtiM, ^j taraJtki;
A mortal adversary, jJ^t

111, unit.
an adversary, ,_jle
To be
To
cite adversaries before a judge,
uh
ahdar al khutamS.
ADV
326
Adverse, i_a!lar* mukhfllif, p-e^sr*

mukhasim, j)\xst mughayir. Ad
verse accidents, ^^-; nawdlb.
Adversity, ij\JLZ> shakaioat,
nahs, <U;3,- muslbat, i<\,
dat. See Misfortune, calamity,
distress, affliction, misery.
Adviscdness, ^-jJu tadblr.
See
Prudence, deliberation.
Adviser, *. f"\j n&sih.
Adulation (flattery), (jL*J tamalluk.
See Flattery.
g>
Adulator, s. ^^Lt^ mumallik.

Adulatory, ^^Lv* mumallik.
Advert, v. i-^^ tcdzab.

Adult, jJb *"%Âdvertise, v. j$Z>\
ashhar, j?Adultness, <U}L bidughiyat.
khabbar, Ac\ a^lam.
See To in
form, advise, instruct.

Advertisement (notice), -&- khabar
(plur. jl.ci.1 akhbdr), *lc! i^ldm.
See Information, advice.
Advertiser, *.
- mtuhhir.
Adulter, *. (or commit adultery),

^Ji\ zana', (i^J) feuak.
Adulterate, v.
zaghal.
Adulterated, ^Jl
ghash,
^zj
maghshath,
jjji mustawar.
Adulteration,
famd.
Advice (counsel),
Adulterer, .
wiz, <JhrfU f&rik.
^j ray, Sicj waî*, jîî tadblr,

Adulteress, s. iolj zaniat.
tnashwarat.
Good advice,
Adultery, Ijj zta, jû-
To
commit adultery, '-> _
f.~ ,\
raysdkib. Bad advice,

ray fdsid.
To give ad
LijJl, irtakab khatiyat cusintl.
vce,
1 natah.
To ask advice,
mashwarat.
Adumbrate v . (shade), ,Jiij zallal ;

(to sketch), *~ij rajam.
Good news, or advices,

Advocate, *. J-^j uiakll, ^
bUhdrat. To send advice,
arsal khabar.
Advisable,
*f lj tedjib.
y^tw* mubdiktr, y ., A
Aerial, ^jlA hawal.
Aerology (science of the air),
Advise, v.
nasah.
Advised,
hukhdbar. Ad
vised (prudent),
euhil) tadblr.
-'/at al hated.
Aerometry (measuring
the
air),
kiyasal haica.
Ethiopia, (^1-k.l jL bal&dalhabash.
APF
327
Êthiopian, *. ^'..-w
AFF
Affiance, . _^k
give confidence),
Affidavit, . ; itatam.
habdsh.
(Ti
i^tamad
Afar, >X.J fi'i-.id.
Affability, affableness, u-e'oi luff. Affinity, ii\Js Iwr&lat.
See Gentleness, courteousncss, Affirm, v. jji karrar.
civility, condescension.
Affirmable, j\ji1\î\,
Affable, t_a.Vil fatf/.
Affirmant, *. (affirmer),^^* mitlsarrii
Affably, u.alil.t lilvtf.
Affirmation, cyU5! isbu.t,j\Js\ ikrar
Affair, *. -*] amr, is-U>- hujat,
<*-&!,j*j ta^rlf.
[tagIfl
J^ Carnal, Jjti shughl.
Affirmative, i^j\f\ ikrari, Ju_j*Affect, . to affect disdain (to play
Affirmatively, jl^lj biikr&r.
the coquet or prude), ,â\ mhar ;
Affix, r. (J^ lattak.
Afflict, v. ,_i ghatn, ^j- hataan
(to imitate unnaturally) \-jkallad
To affect with joy, -.î farah.
Afflicted, ^yS'* mahxHn, jSC.
To produce an effect, -j\ assar.
mukkaddar. To be afflicted, ^js*
Affectation, affectedness, Jui
hizin.
\_M. gham
Affected (tenderly moved),
Affliction, afflictedness, c,^- hum
Afflictive, iors'* tnuhtin.
Sei
Affection (love), ^f-i-e t ?
Painful, tormenting.
mmeadd'i. <<._..-.<' mahaHbat.
Mutual affection, A^ju^Ûsr* Affluence, affluency, affluentness
Lr ghand, JL ;nd/, J^' amwdl
mahabbai
mwhtarakat.
Sec
Affluent, ^.xc ///?/,;/, jjlj waj?r
Friendship, inclination, tender
jîjlj fuyid, j~ kaslr ; (flow
ness, zeal, suffering, grief, feeling.
ing). i-Sy^ Jdr*Affectionate, ^.tllr. -.athik, <_\_%
\jnuwaddat. Afford, v. t-%fcj wahab. Afforded
mawhab. Affbrder,
Affectionately,
Affiance,
fidence),
<t .Vi-v-
khitlat ;
i^tim&d,
(con
w&hib,
Affray, *.
Affrignt, :.
hujum.
[wahham
khaictcaf, *
328
AFT
AGO
Affright, affrightment, Jys hawl, Again, Li;\ aydan.

Jji- khawf, ^^-j reiib.
Against, ^jLc cafo';
(contrary),
i_Jl>- khttiif, AJ r/.,/,/.

Affrightful,
frightftil,
terrible,
Affront, v.
Affront, .
naks&n
bahakk, \jii\ tftird.

Affronter, i. ij^-ut* muftarl.
Affrontingly, \jij!\ Jô licol iftira.
Affusc, v. i_,.C: sakab.
Afloat, *jU tuim.
Afoot, ij-Sib rnashl.
Afraid, tiiU- lihayif.
Afresh, OaJc*-.^ minjadid.
A front, JjliU makalil.
After, A*.- iatrf. After this, \ Mt,Juo
4^rf fazd. After which, Lc--vc
glialbma, t*juu l.i .<li,n~i . After
to-day,
A^JIjtxj
After salutations,
ments, *LU!juu.
LD^tl^Jjw, /.(/.'
Against
or upon him, or it, <uLs âlayhi.

Against law, t^_iJli_silo-.
Against treaty, peace, or agree
ment, ^l^LJUr, {M]/i,
Af!lisirs-. Over against, (JjUL*
Agate, *. ^.
Age, ^ iomr, cr> tn. The in
fant age, <L!jil? tufutiyat. The
stripling age, <uijlj bulughiyat.
The youthful age, <-'L~i sJiabcib.
Old age, ir>-.;CLi shaykhukhat.
A man a hundred years of age,
i. Of the same
/orrf Mtr. An age,

age,
^j zatndn,
In the age of Haron, ^
ba^dalyawm
/ij.oArf
Harun.
Through all
after compli
After death,
ages (for ever), ^
.,,'(..-'/. After Agency, .-Ili' wakulat.
all,
Agent, *.
JÛ '.ii
After-birth, .^*->l. muthimat.

Aftemoon,^Sal i A*J .
Aggrandize, f.^ kabbar.

Aggrandizement,
After to-morrowV0ic Juu batdaghadin Aggravate, f. ^jSj sakkal.
Afterward, afterwards, Jjtt *-.- Aggravation, <3ji3 saklat.
minba^d, iXJi-jUjJ flmaba^d, Aggregate, CJAJST* mo/mu
ba^dmu.
Aggregate, v. ^*i>- jatna^.
AGO
Aggregation, aggregate,
jumlat, ^*- jam-..
329
AIL
<L_Lj>-,
'It al matot. To be in the

agony of death, c Ju nazac^.
Agree, . ^j^y ra<ir, <_JAJ'I ittafak.
Aggress, v. (assault), ^s^ hajam.
Agreeable, i_ -A'--t munagib, J
Aggression /j-F5' hujum.
makbul, ^JJ^ muw&fik. To be
Aggressor, *. ^sj-U hajim, ,_<
mutâddl.
agreeable (suited to), c-^-rli
nasal.
Agility, &AJ*> swât,
Agreeably, J^-JJi.1 itioZ ,
Agile, J^>-U âjil.
Agreed, Jyi*^ ma^hud, (JJ\>
Agitate, v. ^j=- harrak.
wafik, (_ii^3st mutdbik.
Agitated (disturbed), <jjn -? *
Agreement,
^jUi'l Miftik,
mudtarib.
Agitation, <,- harakat ; (per
turbation), <_>! -JaJl idtirdb ;
ittihad,
*jj'^.
JJJbl_x_^
at /'.-.ill; '"'" i.
muicufikat, b^> .','/.',-'/ ;
(resemblance), A.û.j' tashblh.

(deliberation), ^>*^- mashtcarat,
Agriculture,
i
rayy.
fdaJttt.
Agitated, tj^Lî* mudtarib,
Aground, ^jS!
munfattl. To be agitated, c^laJ 1
Ague, *. A tertian ague,
idtarab.
>~X. humma' mussallati.
A
Agitator, *. cJ-s-"* muharrik.
quartan ague, i*jj*^**- hamma'
Aglet, -. (thin plate), ^'Joj' tanaka.
murabbaiat. The cold or trembling
Agnation(relationship by the father),
fit of an ague, -^^ albardiyat.
iAjs kardbat.
Ah! 1 a.
Agnus Castus (tree), j^ji^<U.}j Aid,JX*(flrfa^,
zu khamsat awrak.
imddd, t
Ago (past), ILL) giibikan. Long
By the divine aid,ôiIU
iJlJ,!! itZ <wr arrabbanl.
-U-- kablan. [10^ AT* paUaw&n.
> n) c '
'
Agonist, agonistes (prize fighter),
Aider, *. iXcL*^ musdiid, ^
Agonize, 0. P jU nata^.
muâwin.
Agony, cljiSl Jl^- hdlannazai. The Ailment,
'*J\
agony of death, c
amrad.
Ailments,
ALA
330
ALI
iim (design), <Lj mat, Jwu kasd, Alacrity, Jfj-i> ihawk, blwj nathdt.
0^ murdd, ,*lc âvm,
Alarm(fright, surprise), <_Ji- khatcf.
ffharild, Jus-L* '/naksad,
Alas! it ah.
[standing.
maksud.
Albeit. See Although, notwith-
Aim, v. Juaji kassad.

\imccl,
Albugo, *. (disease in the eye),

,^ju\^ja\^ bayfid a'-.in.
iiming
Alcaid, *. (governor), Jt;Ui!l.
A.ir, lyk Aau>. The element of air, Alcairo (capital of Egypt), ^Jslal!
l^La:.r.. An air (in music),
AlkaJiira.
[klmla.
<U*J naghmat, ^ /a/m. Airs, Alchj'mist, .-. IX^S^Lc^ muâlim
^_.'L+.TLj naghmat, Îcl aghunl. Alchemy, \'j**.-ii' ulklmiti. [kur&n.
Agliani is the title of several Eastern
airs ; particularly of a very large col
lection of Arabian songs, called
Alcoran, ^^s Suran, ^^-sJ^ AlAlcove, a. islii kobbe, '

tjleil^...^, compiled in the tenth Alembic, . J^-ol anbik.
century by Abulfaraj Ali, of Ispahan.
He presented it to Seifu' d'dowla, Alength, Jjia!^ HIM.
Sultan of Syria, who ordered him in Aleppo, y_ -1^- Halab.
return 1000 dinars (near 600/.), but the
minister of this prince, Ebn Ebad, con Alert, ]aS s< - muitaykiz ; (active,
sidering the recompense as too inade
vigilant), JbLj suhir.
quate to the labour of fifty years, which
Abulfaraj had employed in the work, Alertness, iLil! intibah.
gave him 1000 more. This vizier car
ried it with him in all his expeditions ; Alexander, j Jc^Lj Skandar,jjjc4

Iskandaria. Alexandretta (Scandrams of silver. Air (mien),
manzar, te-j wajah.
deroon), ^jj^LJ\ Iskanderiin.
4ir, v. (to expose to the air)
Alexipharmic or Alexiteric, *. (an
hauwa' ; (expose to the sun),
tidote) (jV.y tiryak.
UH*JZ> shammas. To take the air, Algebra, -sj- jabr, J?-s'\ aljabr,
' .J -i sham al luucu.
Alias. See Otherwise.
Vir-hole, s. \jJ>* man/as.
\iry, iJ^jA Itmoifi.
Alien, s. i^^jji. gharlb.
Vlabaster, îolj^* marmar abynd. Alienate, v. (property), Jj- hatcwal.
ALL
Alienable.
331
See Transferable.
ALL
Allegory, s. J-i-*J tamsll, Jli,

masal,{_$j\s^t^jt^tma-..nama.ja.z
Alienation, <M^- luiwilah.

Alight, v. JjJ nezel. To alight from Allegorize, . JL massal.
ahorse, ÛusM^jJjJAllelujah, *J_jlla halleluyah.
Ah'ke, ,Ji* mud, JjU^ muâdil, Alleviate, >. t_aii- khaffaf.
jâj nazlr, ,JjUw mumasil.
Alleviation, i^JLLier takhflf, LL*
Aliment, ,*L*1? taâm, Ijî ghada,
tasliyat.
cyy to.
Alliance (of states), lj\fj\ ittifdi

-Vp i /;.-/, i<4Xbbb ,'tit-Jlhadat
Alive, ^j*- Ayo.
(consanguinity), <L!y> karabat.
Alkali, ^,'j-i' usfmdn.
AJ1, J M, j-^ ja,,nt; (every Alligator, .-. _L~J timiah.

Crocodile.
one), i-i(JbS AoJ ahhad. Before
Se
all things, ^-i J^J-J kablkolshy. Allocution, <-_.%Ua>. khitab.

Complete in all, W^*-C. mukammdl. Allodial, jJjû.* ni'ixtitkilL
All together, U_.^>>- jamtân. Allot, e>. ^^scto. hassas, ^s katsan
In all, among all, .'_L*_s:-!,j Allotment, it-,-- hissat, * .-.-.j kumat
jjjy <auwlfc.
fi'ljumlah, "UlXlb bileulliah. All
at once, .sJ^^!i <UuJ dafâtan Allow, e>. (permit), (jo-j rakka*
icahidatan. All along, ,^jJl(Jwc Allowable, *-^"-t-^ M^ JT"S wfl/V
^M
**"
cafa' addawdm. On all sides, ,...*

arniA(Z#.
nn ^'oZ janib.
Allowance, <Uio^, rtd-haut, xj\; (portion), tUa- /','.:-..'
Allay, t>. y^L: sakkan, (_^.\S> hadda'.
kitmat; (gift), ^*-:.**;
Allegation, jij> takrir, ol^J zrarf.
* v*
Allege, v. Jyl <w?rad.

bakhshish ; (diminution, abate
Allegable, ^jyLiJIi^sf !j wo;V4
ment),
aifakrtr, liljjSl^^ toy^ a/ irarf. Allowed (lawful), lilsj- /ay, jlsAllegiance, aLUi^l iitikdmat.
Allegorical,
,_y;ljr* majdzi.
mujuz, 1^02*-j* murakhkhas.
mutaihdbih, Alloy (mixture), kL=Allude, v.

kanna\
Allegorically, Ijl-sr11 majazan.
Allure, s.
>- janab,
I aghicfi
332
ALO
ALT
Aloof, iiJ rfur, A*J

Jlurement, alluringness,
jazb, Ifcil ighwa, t_ :fj>"
Lllurer, *. <_>jW _/azJ.
bisawt all.
Aloud,
dluringly, 4..J JU- Jô bicoljuzbiat. Alphabet, LsrluJ.,*. haruf alhiju.
Ulusion, allusiveness, Lb^ kanayat.
Alphabetical,
Vllusively, lg.->*,i,!i tashblhan.
i.lly, v. J)^>j wasal, ^^T jama^.
Already, OJ Aarf.
4,
Vlly, t. (J-s^^ muttafk, >-^.^

karll, (J-^j raflk.
. Alma
Umanac, s. *.^
nacs, *-; .^; '
Also,
Altar, *. (place of sacrifice), fC-^-*
maib&h.
[J-V baddal.'
Alter, .î gliayyar,
ula'.
Almighty, *.
Alterable,
See God.
^11
Vlmond, s. jJ laws. An almondAlterably,
JjJuJ^J liltabdll.
tree, \^s.sr> thajarat latez.
Alterant, altering (who alters),
llmoner, *. jJ-s^* mutatadeKk.
\lmonry,
rfur
^jjfc* mughayyir.
Alteration,
taffhayyir,j~*J tagkyir.
Vlmost (near, nearly), Li
Altered, J$M mugltayyar,
lan,
mutaghayyir.
[munuiaât.
Urns, alms-deed, AJsJuo sadaka,
Altercation,
tljJ
naztit,
L
'i\\
zakdt.
-/
Vlma-house, tuljJuJl J*'*
Altern, alternate, alternately, jj^
assadalcat. See Almonry.
lildawr.
Vims-giver, *. jJua^ mutasaMik. Alternacy, alternation, alternateVloes, Jy: iid,j~a sabr.
ness, iiyi nawbat,j) dawr.
Vloft, JU LaZi, j-Jj roA^.
Act alternately, e. jjjJb J^ ^coital
lildawr.
Uone, J^ mvnfarid, Jjjzi mutaAlternative,
alternateness, alterfarrid. Let alone (imperative),
nity (choice), cjlstbl intikMl,
jLiri-1 ikhtiyar.
[khitmieh.
Uong (atfuU length),
Althea
(marsh
mallows),
A.,Vi-w
Along with, mac.
AMB
Although,
Altitude,
tude of the pole,
Altogether,
rU3U.
333
n:ni(t-. an.
The alti
AMI
logy, LJ\J raybat, ^*i shubhat,
JsLî! isluilifi.h.
[mubham.
Ambiguous,
ambiloquens,
*_-
biltibds
al
Ambition, ambitiousness,^*!?
Alum, tU-i efiabbe.

Always, Ujlo dayman, *ljjJI Jj: Ambitious, cliL tttmma^.
Ambitiously, j-^Lj^j bicol tama^.
âla' addaw&m.
Am (I am), yÛ! ana /<).
Amble, v. J^y* harwal.
Amblingly, &jj# liharwalat.
Amandation,
Ambuscade, ambush, ambushment,
Amanuensis, .
Amaranth,
lammln.
Amassment (accumulation), <L>S.
Amen, ^^^T amln. [^* sahhah.
Amass, p.
Amend, v. (correct), tattah,
Amaze, r. Js- hayyar.
Amendment, _iL>! islah,
Amaze, amazcdness, amazement,
J' tnnlih.
tashlh,
Hf>o~
*r- Mrat, u-^s^. . c.ajal>.
v^/
musallih.
Amazed, u'j?*- hayr&n .Xsv* Amender,
mutahayyir,
mutaâjjib, Amends, SlilC* mukdfat, \fi-jisa,
!îjiJL^ madhush. To be amazed,
ta-âjjab.
Amazedly, Amenity, -j farah.
.Ôjji gfianb. Amethyst, *. *jliLs>Amiable, t_j^s'* muhbub,
Amazing (adj.)
makb&l.
[raumak.
Amazingly,
*s& bi-âjab.
Amiableness,
JL*j>jamdl,
(JJji
Ambassador, . fS^-\ elchl.
Amiably, Jbrc_ bijamdl.
Amber, \ij ftarbd.
Amicable, <Us"*^ limvhablat.
Ambergris, j~& ânbar, j^
Amicableness, L^s* muhabbat.
Perfamed with ambergris,
Amicably, <iUs-1t)jXj licol muhabbat.
Ambidexter, ^Jul^j.
Amid, amidst, ^^jl^J flmd bayn.
Ambiguity, ambiguonsncss, ambi^.j*! bayn, ^.^jt* mdbayn.
ALT
ALO
Vllurement, alluringncss,
ja&b, \j\ ighwa, i^^jj.
Yllurer, s. t-jJU-jazzJ.
Vlluringly, io jU>- J^J bicoljtizbiat.
Illusion, allusiveness, ills kanayat.
Aloof, :.J dur, A*.-
Aloud,
Alphabet, U
Alphabetical ,
bisawt âll.
haruf alhijii.
illusively, l^-JLJ tashbihan.

Vlly, v. J-*j tcasal, .*>- jamai.
Already, JJ bad.
Vlly, *. J-s-i* muttafik, ^-^.J* Also, Li)i aydan.
karlb, (j^j ra/lk.
Altar, . (place of sacrifice), ,_7_v.
Vlmanac, *. +)_& takwim. Alma
tnanlah.
[J1^ baddal.'
nacs, *.'
Alter, v. j^s- gJiayyar, JjJ A. '/..;.
\"jtliu takawlm.
N-lmighty, s. JUi'idJ! Allah tabula1.

Alterable,
See God.
Almond, s. jj laws. An almondAlterably, JjJuiSb biltabdll.
tree, j^XjSr-* shajarat laws.
Alterant, altering (who alters),
Umoner, *. ^Juas^* mulasaddik.
J*M mughayyir.
Umonry, s. OjLjJwJUj dur
Alteration,
u-.-^ tabdll, jZitj
aisadaMt.
taghayyir, j~J taghylr.
Umost (near, nearly), LyiJ' takrtAltered, Jot* mughayyar, j*^*
lan, t-ôî Twrlb, iXxs ând.
mutaghayyir.
[munusaât.
Urns, alms-deed, <0Juo
Altercation, cljJ nozd^, ijijU-
:U ; saka.t.
Urns-house, CJ\3Ju*J1J
Altern, alternate, alternately, ^jjJb
aisadakat. See Almonry.
47rfflirr.
Urns-giver, *. ^jJi^s^ mutasaddiL Alternacy, alternation, alternateness, LJJ nawlat,j) dawr.
\loes,
Act
alternately, P. jjjJbJ^ LHI.-M/
Vloft,
bildater.
Uone, JjAî munfarid, Oji^t mtitaAlternative,
alternateness, alterfarrid. Let alone (imperative),
nity (choice), <jblcUl intikhub,
C J '<"-.
jUii-^
ikhtiyar.
\_khitmih.
Uong (at fuU length), J_jL! b i7<u;.
Althea (marsh mallows), <U^LAlong with, j wm^.
AMB
AMI
333
Although, ^p-tj icamai_an.

Altitude, cUj^l irtifa^. The alti
tude of the pole,
Altogether, U~*
(* "_/
Alum, <uJj sJutbbe.
^
Always, UoiO dayman,
itila' addawam.
logy, 'Ujl i raybat, û-Jl shubhat,

JsLi^jl iihtibdh.
[mubham.
Ambiguous, ambiloqucns, -
Ambiguously, (-iilj>/wLJlj biltibdt
al mu^na'.
Ambition, ambitiousness,*!> imnn.
Ambitious, clio tn/nutti-,.
Ambitiously, j-^lsj
Amble, p. J^y* harwal.
Am (I am),
and
Amandation,
*r*d/. [nusikh. Amblingly, jj& biharwalat.
Ambuscade, ambush, ambushment,
Amanuensis, *. t__-oo kdtib,
Amaranth, a.B_.î katlfat.
IJ-A$ kammln.
Amassment (accumulation), tAmen, ^.^-^T amzn. [^" eahhah.
Amass, r. j-^-yama
Amaze, v.J^- hayyar.
Amend, v. (correct), f* sdttah,
Amendment, JLo\ islih,

amazedness, amazement,
tashlh,
j tasllh.
Jtlrat, u-^s
Amender, J^3" musdllih.
Amazed,
hayr&n
mutahayyir,
mutaâjjib, Amends, iUlL* mukafat, \\s>-jiia,
-.awad.
j_PjA * madhush. To be amazed,
i_^sV tagjjab.
Amazedly, Amenity,
Amethyst, *.
aballakum.
Amiable,
<_
muhbab,
Jâ-*
Amazing (adj.) c-*-.^
Amaze,
Amazingly, ^^sP. bi^yab.

Ambassador, s. ^j^\ elchl.
Amber, b
hirbd.
Ambergris, ^*i
c.ablr.
Perfumed with ambergris,
mvâmbor.
Ambidexter,
Amiableness,
Amiably,
Amicable, <
Amicableness,
Amicably, (
[raumak.
>- jamal, (JJjj
bijamal.
bimuhabbat.
muhabbat.
WeoZ muhabbat.
Amid, amidst, cJ-.>U..J /zm<Z
Ambiguity, ambiguousness, ambi^^j Jnyw, j^t* mabayn
AMP
334
Amiss, iXdli/dM^ *?-<<-> "''<'"'

Amity, Jy* muaddat.
Ammoniac (sal),jjlJ iii"<l>ti<l!i-.
Ammunition, bLxxcMcuU^*. An
ammunition waggon, t-
ANA
Amputation, j-kJs
Amulet, *.
[Airs.
hamayil, j
Amuse, v. (delight) lis- hazz,

.mitii\ ^^ Idtab. To amuse
one's self, ^Jo taHahha', L51J
Amnesty, <&jG* mutarikat,

Amusement, Uu /a, ^! ?a/m, lisAmomum (a gum used in embalm
ing), 1*1*^- hamumti.
Amusing, amusive, L_J-^ musdtty.

Anachronism, . -i^\J^J_jJJ tozwzr
Among, amongst, (^p.', (j^

Anagram, *. c_?jLL maklub.
Amorous, îlc ^dshik. Amorous
Anagrammatist, . i^s'* muharrif.
gestures, _\i ghanj- An amo
Anagrammatize, v. <>/>- harrofrous poem, (Ui ghazal.
Analogical, analogous, ^>^ Iciyatii,
Amorously, (J^M liiishk.
(jJb* mutdbiJc, (_-^~j'^ munasib,
Amorousness, ^^-c(JJ\y*, &\***\_mwiasdbat.
muhabbat.
Amount,
*L*j>- jumlat,
Amour, . Uj a.
Amphibious, ijjij^jjss? lahrl wa
Amphitheatre, A^JK z
Ample, jJ\j wa^, -A<
Amplcness, amplitude,
is"*1 fashat, 4jt~ij wasâf.
Amplify,
Analogy, &j\j* muwafakat, <U^w

Analogize, f. (_ - '* nassab.
Analysis, J--sJ <c/e/, Jf^/w fcj/'rti,
,<.m.a.7 takslm.
Analyse, v. j> farrafc, ,Ja- hal.
Anarchy, (jijyu taihtcish, J^>-\
ikhtilal.
Anathema, *. Ai*l Za^ws<, *,- Ar.
Anathematize, . (^ laân, *.s>-
c. Jji tawcal, Uac

Anathematized, ^,.-*_L malûn,
Amply, ajt^jjjio ii'coZ WJ.B<.

^.
Amputate, .
tf
Anatomy, *C^ tashtfh.

Anatomical, ^sTjJ tashrihi.
Anatomist, . -r^ musttarrih.
ANG
335
ANI
Angelina (an herb),

angheAnatomize, t>. -. ^t sharrah.
salaf.
llna.
Ancestor, . s*- jadd,
Anger,
-_- ^ ghadab, lz+ .</.'-.
ajdad,
Ancestors, \jl aba,
,;-/..'; Ancestry, Jl a/,
Prone to anger, c-jyai ghadab.
__ '* nasab.
A^ST* u^*"** ghadbtin. To he
angry, t_-..ie ghadeb.
Anchor, *. \^_^_j| ancorS.,
Angrily,
y_ î biglutdab.
[mursl.
mirtat.
Anchored,
Anger (provoking to), part
-~>\j rdti, or
Anchorite, .
Ancient, w.v-- fcwfiw
=''''.'-;
(old man),
MM.
Ancients, . J-i^1 alawayil,
Anger (in), angrily, i_ ^.rnrt bighadab.

Angle, *. <Oj\j ::'/'</. The angle oi
projection, Ajji kwrnat. The out
ward angle of tho eye, (ij.*J \
alleudama. Ancients and moderns,
zanab al^ln.
Angle, c. (to fish), hlXt
tasayyad samak.
Ancient, *. (flag of a ship, etc.)
Anguish, UJ^k*l idtirab,
2jJj bandwra.
tf\ i
î
^Llsrl inkibud al khutir, >~jj>
Anciently, UuL> sabiltan, LjjJ)
kadlman, *.' jJ ^< mtn kadim, -LJ
karab, ^\j- huzn, *> hamm.
Angular, angulous, angulated,lj Vjj_jJ
zu an.-i'i'jn.
And, _j. And so forth,
ifa Jtakazfi
A-nights, L! laylan.
Anility (old age of women), <
Anecdote, .
Anew, _v,v^^ ,^ minjadid.
shaykhnkat annuswdn.
Angel, .-. cJ^L* nudiik. Angels, Animadversion (censure),
a/ malaykat. The angel
of death, Jj'^j* âzra-il.
Animadvert,
_ wabbakh.
-''' ktLlid alarwuh.
Animadverter, *.
muâ&ur.
Angelic, angelical,
malayki. Animal, *. j^'^ haywan. An un
Angelica (herh),
tamed animal, ij^-j icahsh (pi.
A rational animal
al maldls.
336
ANN
ANS
An Annotation, Ûj baydn,j~jij ta^bir,

tafsir. Anno_irrational animal, ^^jt^^y^
iUj' tafdslr.
tations,
haywdn gluiyr nulik. Animals,
haytcdn ndtik.
Aaywdndt.
spirits, J1j
Animate, v. (give life) r*
Animal Annotator, .
mufatsir.
ahya'
(to encourage), (./=/*- harrad.

Animate, .- hyy.
<*
Animated, jjL**- hamydn.
sharih, j*+L**
[basjuhar.
khabbar,
Announce, f.
Annoy, . (Jj z^j.
zahmat,
Annoy, annoyance,
k_^%jtj taâb.
Annoyer,
. I^ÔCL
mutiib.
Animation, JJL.->- hayat.

Animating L-l Ay<Z, Animator,
sanawi.
Annual,
+
Annually, Vl
Annuity, *. i
sanawiat.
Animosity,
Annul, . Jiu
nasakh.
iodatoat.
[soon.
Annular,
lithikii al
Anise, herb or seeds, C,^-J' aniJtalaka.
[khatim taghir.
Ankle, v. i_-*f ka^b.
[rlkh.
Annulet, . (small ring), j+
Annals, jUii.1 akhbdr, ~-2 '^ tatodAnnunciation, s. ^,luij|juc. c/ al
Annalist, *. ijjtj rawi.
bishurat.
Annex, t>. i_jU?l adaf, J-. wasal.
Anoint, v. **** masah,
dahan,
Annexation, annexment, 4_jl_wjl
Anointer, . ^-"L masih.
iddfat. Annexations, iJi;
Anon, SU- li-i.Uan.
[itm.
muddfdt.
Anonymous,
mukhffl
Annexed, . ;'L* muddf.
Anonymously,
4
Annihilate, v. JIu battal.
Âayr ma^lnm
min
Annihilated, J--u. mubattal, . "
ghayr
inn.
\
ma^dum.
Another,js. ghayr,jS*- \ dkhar.
Annihilation, (J-^*-" tabtil.
Answer, v. S-'j^" j&vab,
Anniversary, .'.//. ,_-.-.. sanaioi.
ajdb. To answer for money, to
*
Anniversary, *.
ianawl.
be surety, Jji. (To appear be

fore a judge), <a- Im&er.
ANT
337
ANX
Answer, *. t__^- jawdb. A true Anterior, *JUi- mutakaddam.

Anthem, . ^-**3 tasbih,
or just answer, iJ\j,fawab taioab. A categorical or
mazmar. Anthems,
definitive answer,
jawab shaft. Question and an Anthropophagi,
swer,
Antichrist, JL>-Jill aldaj/jal.
Answerable, t_-'l^s-lt_-^-^ tcajib Anticipate, .
ajjawdb ; (suitable), ^jplla^ JMsabbak.
[salaf, fj^.u.3 tcablk,
t&bik ; (accountable), ^^10 Anticipation, c-fljV.n" taslif,
damin.
[sabat. Antic, (^s."a* mudhih,
Answerably, i~*l~ Jj bikol manaAntic, . tjsf*** matkhara. \jharlb,
Answerer, *. t_^.Ls^ mujuwib.
Antidote, . jl.^
Antimony, Li-vsAntagonist, ~a&- khasm(p\. *Uast.l
Antiochia, <uUail awiflita.
aMtdffl).
[a/'uuJz.
Antartic pole, . |^J^xs'!i_rJaJi iwî Antipathy, <s*îj^ <x didd attabl-M
^. The Antipodes, . (jc^H^j^
Antecedent^
^.. An
antecedent,
Antiquary, . <Uj jJiJljUDb Jlc.
tecedent and consequent,
Antique, JJJ
- '^' almukaddam wattall.
Antiquity, iJUel JL>-^ alajya
Antecedently, UuL: sabikan.
alkhdliyat.
Antecessor, *.
. \larraniyat. Antistrophe,j A-a! \ ^^Lc^sr* \ AJ .
*fifa/. J^^1
Antithesis, <LsjL*_* muâradat
Antechamber, . ijyjtLej
t_j^b.i-l ikhtilaf.
Antedate, f. ^CjULSI^jXo sabbak
attdrikh.
[wafan. Antler, . J^c^ kamghaml.
Anvil, . ^jÂXrf Miiitl.ft,/
Antediluvian, ^
Anxiety, anxiousness,
Antemundane, LjjJIJ-J
Antepenult, (^'. î-H'^
tashutith, t-jUa
Anxious, L^kî-* mudtarib,
Anxiously, j>,<&*> bitakdir.
338
APO
Any, ^^1 shy. Anywhere,
APP
Apostle, . J^-y rasu^.

Aostleship, <2Ljj ris&lat.
Apace, te-ju/j bistwât,
Apostolical, apostolic, .J *
Apart, jLeJb banfirad.
Apostolically, jj-^lli karrusl.
Apartment, s. t~aj\ aioda.
Apothecary, *. (_fr^jsr^ ighzugi.
' Ape, s. ^.jj**** maymun, ji kird.
Appal, v. JL& lutwtcal.

Appalment, (Jj^f? tahw'tl.
Apparatus, iJi;"' </"/, c
Ape, v. jli kallad.

Aperture, ^.i fath.
Apparatus for a journey,

Apex, *. j\ <twj.
"Warlike apparatus,
Aphorism, tJôJo- hadls.
! aldt alJiarb.
Apish, jlL mukallid.
Apparel, (J^
lubs,
<_jy sawb
Apishness, A-JiJ taklid.

(plur. <-j|y! aswub).
Apocope, i sjk>- hazf.
Apocryphal, i_-j^ muril.
Apparel, v. jj--J lalbas.

Apparent, ^Jblla zu/tiV,
wadih,
Apogeum, apogeon, apogee, UyaJ!Tjl

>-. More apparent, rf^ azhar.
awj assama .
\_tiathHml.
Apparently, \j&>^-> zahiran,
.Apologetic,
apologetical,
Apparition, . tjyo surat,
Apologise, v. jjocl i^tazar.

Apologizing (adj.), \ Jcjt, MC. tazir,
Apparitor,
." muhdir.
data', J\
Apologizer, s.jMJts* mu^taztr.

Appeal, D
\pologue, . Jii^* masal.
da^wat.
Appeal,
Apology, s.jljicl
Appear,
zaAar.
To cause or
order to appear,
ahdar.
i kawlmasJihur.
Apoplexy, .<fe
. Apoplectic,
It appears (it is
Vpostacy
l irtidad,
Vpostate, .
murtadd, ^
munkir addln.
Apostatize, .
V.posteme, . ^L*J dwnlat.
azzahir.
Appearance, jyj-o zakwr ; (simili
tude), J-i*J tamsll; (probability),
[addin.
J L* ". >. 1 Mimal; (concourse),

ijtimai. To appearance,
bishitt.
339
APP
Appearer, t.jUNo zahir.
Appease, v. dC..i salckat.
Appellant, *. ,^J^ mundaî.
Appellation, *-;' MM, u-^s! lakab.
APP
ishtaghal; (to petition),
tn Idli, /ku-*r.!i Manias.
Appoint, r. y^jLt layyan. To ap
point to an office, *_ ^' w<wai ;
(to equip), _â- haddar.
Appointment, s. (office) i . .n . <
Appellative, *.
Append, f. JfLs
mantab ; (stipulation), bî ,v/--- . / ;

Appendage, s.
damlmat.
(command), j^l or ; (decree),

A^- 7(?<it ; (assignation), c-*i'
Jj J
Appendix, *.
totyzjj.
sayl.
\ /a:. '
khas.
Apportion, p. ^~-^.-- Imam,.
Appertain, v. <_ .
intasab, ^jpuu Apposite, Jfc)U toy('A, u.ô-lj oq;Vi,
appurtenance,
Appertainment,
Appendant, j
Appositely, <UjU^,Jij bikol mvnaAppertinent, (jl*^* mutâllik,

Appetence, If^ll ithtihu, \yb
/LW*^ JvlWdS.
Appetite, Jyii shahwat, J--

Applaud, t>. ~-X. Hiitif"/',
hamad, c_r*ujsUo! itlahsan.
Applause, p. >X*- /<" / /, _ _*.
sabat.
muwafakat.
Appositeness,
w>
Appraise, v. jA kaddar.
Appraisement,
takhnun,
JiXiu takdlr.
Appraiser, s. L^"*x"--f^ muhtasib.
Apprehend, t\ (conceive)
Apple, . isÛj' tvffuha.
\_fik.
adrak, * ; (to seize),
Appliable, applicable, ^4..-' ., mutcaApplicableness, applicability, i&sl^ Apprehender, s. <jjj Ji^ Hiudrik ;
mwcafakat.
[/aifl!!.
(a seizer), (_/ilJ> iaiW.
///// mittcd- Apprehensible, *&-!! J_jl_j kabil
Applicably,
Application (study),
dlfdhm, * .^.. majhum.
J\f^>- ^ ytihdd; (petitioning),
Apprehension (conception), ,JJLs
âW, *_ fahm; (terror), Jî
tuiedl, t_ JV talab.
' ; (seizure), ^jiâ ; (suspicion),
Apply, . (add) Jrfj ; (to study),
*>j '-,' >'nt,
>>_=>- 1 ijtahad, *"
APT
ARE
340
Apprehensive (fearful),u_iUi- khdlf. Aquarius (the celestial sign), j! Jill

addaloo.
[rna'i.
Apprehensively, i_Jy>- ,jj bikol
Aquatic, aquatile, aqueous, ^<>\"
lihawf, ^.-->J^' 4*02 haybat.
Aqueduct, s. \s kana.
Apprentice, *. <X~lj fofcmz.
Apprize, f. ^*=- khabbar, j^>-\ Aquiline, l_^J nisrl.
Arabia, i J I'.vLi bil&d alt.arab,
akhbar.
\ -..'-ic. Ârabistan.
Arabia
Approach, v. <-r^r'
Felix, ..j^-!^ alyaman.
Arabia
Approbation, Ly rt'oVz,
Petrea, jL_sM alhijaz. The

genuine Arabians, 'Ljyrt-J^
Appropriate,v.^jaû>- khassas. To ap
propriate to one' s-self,
âsa haloh.
f.arabârba. The mixed Arabians

(commonly called Mosarabians),
Appropriate, (
Arabic, .jJ/1 tArdbl. The Ara

bic language, v-JyJl^LJ ^t*a
Approvable, l^Jlt-^sj-lj wo;*1 ar-
al-.arab. The Arabic language

written in Syriac characters,
^j-i^ karsh&nl. To mark
Approach, Jjj icurud, '-r'Ji kurb.
rida, (.jSui^\(j$ liiyik attahsin.

Approye, v. tj) .n -. ,.i\ istaswab ;
(to prove, show), (j^^ imtahan.
Approximation, c_.y /v//7/.
Approximate, t-^J^J MfW. *iViy*J
Arabic -with vowel points, Sv1^

dirab.
Arable, c ijiJ ywnssari'^.
Arbalist, s. t^-^-1 ,, ^jp>:.jcw man-
tokrlban.
Apricot, . A.*^*,^ mushmuthat.
April, I^M^J nls&n.
Apron, ijr maizar, <Oyi
Arbiter, s. (arbitrator), ciJU d/t,
Apt, c-''j-
Arbitrement, jLis-1 ikhtiyar.

Arbitrarily, ^w /^/- /;(/'. To act
muwafik,
janik.
! " wa<I^.
Arbitrable, s)l JjU.
munasib, ,__.'!' layik, J^l^ mayd,

arbitrarily, JJj talam.
Aptitude, aptness, &U layakat.
Aptly, <&j
g.xr -,.,;/
Arbitrary, J
aAzr, jj&st mutlak.
ARD
341
Arbitrate, v. . hakam.
Arbitrariness, *li? zulm
ARK
(zeal, fervour), s^ ghirat. The
j$s l.'iiltr.
Arbitration, arbitrement, jl- hukm

Arborary (belonging to trees),
ardour of love, ii L sabdbat.

Arduous, J..UA io
Arduousness, _u*c J.MW.
Are,we are, ^JS^^sT nahn hum.

safari.
Area, i. (an open place or surface),
Arc (segment ofa circle), JLi
,.j|J*^ tniddn, <L-Lj sdhat.
Arch, .
kantara. A triumphal Argill, â tin.
arch, ^suk-jlj bab
Argue, v. ^wLie.^ darab kiyas.
Archangel, . iJlj'^.jj rayt Argument (reason), [>uLj
al 'malaykat.
Archbishop, a. ^Jos* mutran.
Archer, . ^^1^ ratnl.
Archetype, *. J^j! /, ^ rawj,
<t_sf*- hujyat, JJj

vincing arguments,
Con
(subject), u)+î madmun; (ar
gumentation), A.ljLjs^. Argu

ments, J^J daldyil, (.f^Jt>\r)
barilhln.
[kiyusl.
The archetype, or original of a Argumcntal, argumentative,
/tWi al cull.
Aries (the zodiacal sign), J^^sM -j.
Archetypal,
/'('/;/ it! harnal.
Architect,
muiinar.
Aright, L_j!.î j bUsaw&b.
Architecture, ;UJlJai
Arise, v. (as the sun) ^^1 tharak.
iimdrat.
To arise (from a seat, etc., to
Archives, ^jUJ dafatir. A reposistand up), *Li kum. To arise
tary for archives,
(proceed from), ,,x* sadar.
khana.
Aristocracy, . j_j^*>- jamhvr.
Arctic, *.(north pole),
Aristocratical, ^t^^>- jamhurl.
i<4 wA ihamali.
Arithmetic, OL**M10 c.ilm al
Ardent (hot), Û*. Adrr,
Ai^1 naskhat. The archetype,
or plan of a building, LJl*^,.
(affectionate),
Ardently, ^^JJo Ukol hararat.
(heat),
Aardraif :
Ark (of Noah), s. -jjL^L* saflnat

null. An ark (chest), j;
tanduk.
16
ARR
Arm, i.
342
ARS
saitd (plur. JLC^-J Arrange, v. t^Jj rattab,

nazam, To be arranged,
JThe arm-pit,
tarattal, Jkjl i/tlnzam.
ttuallah. Arrangement, t-^-Jî tartlb, ,UiiJ ^

tn^tzdm.
To arm (others), -> sallah.
Armada . (fleet), \^\*j\ armada, Arranger, *. Ua^ wttnaszt'w.
Array, ^J ;*i*. Military array,
^jiscûtf- âikar lahrl.
tîjLe sufuf. To array in order
Armament, . f^f-r^J naflr %5m.
i
of battle, iiL saf.
Armed, >AM" musallah. Armed
Arrear, arrears, arrearage,
^J
with a coat of mail,
Arm (one's-self), v.
mutadarra^.
[Truce.
Arrcptitious
(snatched away),
Armistice, <&jlx* matarakat. See
t--?..l.x>- maslub,
Armory, _Ljljj>. kltu-nut aitildh.
Arrest, a. (_/Arms, _L> ttoA, is*-:l aslihat.
Arrest, p. j_/<~- habat. To be
Army, . JLuc âar, ^|Ju^- jaysh.
arrested, ^^^M-at^ inhabas.
A victorious army,
Arrival, J wo *o0Z or vruvul.
matuur.
To encamp an Arrive, v. iJj balagh, J-ej watal,

army,
khayyam al
(J.JI tiVltl/.
âtkar. To levy or embody an Arrived, J-l_j w&tttt. [takabbur.
army,
Arrogance, arrogantness,
The leader of an army,
Arrogant, ^^ mtttakabir.
al jaysh. The right wing, Arrogantly, bô bikabriya, jjj*j .
-^r- maymanat. The left wing, Arrogate, v.
maysarat. A great army, Arrogation,
iasJcarjarrur. Armies, Arrow, ^_ a7*. The invisible
laiakir, ,>y*- jiyush.
arrow (death), ur~yt^*-> sahtn
Aromatic, aromatical^lm^t
Around, jl_J dawar, J j>Arrack, jjî âra/t.
Arraignment, LlLw shikayat.
al ghayb.
Arse, _-.^.< ;,.'-/:./''. The rectum,
,A^._ Mrm.
Arsenal, . ... La.r .1- topkhana, ^ ,~^
AKT
ÎLJI khaznat isnlah,
ttrskhana.
Arsenic, ^Jjj zarnlkh. Arsenical
^s&jj sarnlkhi.
Art (skill), ^j fann (plur.
/ua), i*xj aaA ; (canning)
Artery, . ^b^ gharyan, jy;
343
ASC
Artifice, ki ghudr.
Artificer, *.
Artificial (in opposition to natural),
^jU âmall ; (fictitious),
tnuzatoir.
[bitazwir.
Artificially,
luanât, jljfJ
Artificialness,
sanât, ^3 fann.
Artillery,
taab,
The beating of the artery, the

pulse, (tja,j Mild.
As (like),
As (or like) the
Artful (skilful), j_La* mutanna.^,
sun,
^ kashahami. As
Artfully (skilfully), Uxjj buanât.
the bird,
kattayr. As
Artichoke, tili^ Kharthuf.
before,
kd.llO.wwal. As
Arctic pole, .
above related,
zwtir,
As it was (in like manner), U
Article, .
^b kama kan. As it is said,
An article of religion, ^j jj|
J.-.'t^ kiiitiii Jell. As if, jjlj
kdnun addin. Articles,
kadn. As often as, UK kolluma.
^y, JLC!^_J ka.wa.iid,
So as not, L^ Ma. As often as,
An article (in grammar),
Uf. As much as.^jJu bi kadar.
alma^rifat.
[Carnal thurut.
Ascend, v. JJUP saâd, j_ll> <(7r .
Article, v. iyi eharat, \ijJ*Â.
Ascendant, j_JLt ftjfo^. A con
Articular (belonging to joints),
stellation of a happy ascendant,
(-j--ai-* mafsall.
[munkasim.
Articukte, jL<^ mumtdz,
Articulate, v. lialj tala/az,
Ascension, s. (of tho 'Lord Jesus),
}oji tharat.
[binuidat.
ijx^\^^. îd assaûd.
Articulately, jL^_ji5U OTdrfa<
Ascending, part, ascensive, Jll;
Articnlateness in speech, lajj] â/z.
Articulation, iillj ia/n^Mz ; (junc
Lscent, J.-TU,- s,n .iid.
ture), Jag^ maftal.
iscertain, t. jyi. hakkak.
344
ASP
Ascertainment,
j\jSC~*} istikrar.
tahkik,
ASS
breath) 4iijjlai! 7a/os
nafasho.
Aspiration (an ardent wish)
Ascititious, Jo\j sdyid.

Ascribe, v. \_ -' nasab.
kasd, ^jijf. ffharad.

Ashamed, ij^ khajldn To be Aspire, c. t_-Jjs talab.
Ass, . jL^jw himar. A ehe-ass,
ashamed, J^ khyel.
himara, jjli'i A wild ass
Ashes, jlj ramad. Of the colour
of ashes, t^jL^ ramudl, t^
,S~Jj kahwa ringhi. Ashes of
alkali used by bleachers,
ushndn
Ashore, Jj-Lj suhil.
Ashy (coloured), Îjsij sinjabl.
Aside, t^jjuê- %ala' tarof.

Asinine, Lc)Lo- Mniarz.
Ask, v. .t^"^ isliif/iai/t,
(onager), ^g.*,.-->-jj
wafishl.
Assail, 47. /WK* hajam.
Assailable, (i-
Assailant, assailer, *.
Assassin, s.
Assassinate, f. Jii
Assassination, Jii
mulcatil.
kattal.
[Atyum.
istafsar, J'L> sa'a/.

Assault, *.
Asker, *. t-^JU? Wfti.
[<ara/ Assault, v.
hajam.
Askew (obliquely), i_Jl>j- ma^ Assay, . (of metals) jLc
Asleep, *jU nSym.
Aslope, ,J;>t iayi.
Asparagus, ^j^1 halyoon.
Aspect, te
Of a bad
Assay, i".^* âyyar,

Assayer, *. ^-JM muâyyir.
Assemblage, . ^^T jam^.
manzar Assemble, v. (bring together),
jama-.. To assemble an army,
karih
JL^cj-^- jama^ âskar.
nl manzar.
khushiinat,
Asperity,
ghildzat,
Asperse, v, (to sprinkle)
rathreuh.
Aspersion, lîil iftira.
Aspirate, . (to pronounce with full
Assembled,
Assembly, s.
majlis, **?*>- jamlât. An as
sembly of nobles, ^_*\iu^_sr*
vmard.
[mwoafatat.
Assent, JjJ kabiil, \*>j ridA, tja\+*
ASS
345
Assent, o. J.5 kibel, (jsu\ ittafak.
ASS
Assistance, <Ljl_c! i-.i~utut,
madad, ,.,^ -.turn.

Assert, v. jj karrar.
Assertion, affirmation, j\r>\ ikrar, Assistant, . (jj^ muâwin, (.^
takrir.
tnu-în. Assistants,
Assessment, _!._:>- khar&j, iL>Lj Assistant, assisting,
ja&at. Assessments, (_c_JLLj
Assize, (J-^ âyZ. An ui/o (court
takdftf.
Assessor, *. (to adjudge),
of justice),
^ kadi.
/ âddlat.
[tharak.
Asservation, uJ kasam,
Associate, v. >\j rafak, ti^Li
yamfn, (JâfT tahklk.
Associate, *. JUij rafik, i__^-l
Astuhil, L_X.' -1 shank.
Assiduity, ^
sitluousncss,
mudawamat, Associate,associated, ^jlL* mukarin.
t*+a\y* mutc&zabat.
Association, <_c. .i^ rifkat, Assiduous, \^.*^>\y* muwdzib,
suhbat, L*j\yt mutcanasat, jU
To be assiduous, *J$ Idzam,
watab.
toazibat. Assuage, 0. (:j-j takkan, ^ layyan,
hadda'.
Assiduously, Ll^^tjXj biltol muAssuagement,
(jAssign, v. ..r*^ tayyaft*
isldh, ..rfr^ talyln.
Assignable, l^~;3tA\(:jLi* mtimkin
atta^yln.
Assignation,s.(appointmenttomeet),
ljLJI JtCy mau/iod al mtddkat.
Assignee, . J-^j wakll.
Assigner, *. (js*-* muâyym.
Assignment, ,-^xJ taiyin.
Assimilate, c. iSjLi thdbah.
mumkin
Assimilable,
[tamill.
attaiMll.
Assimilation, dj.JJ taMlh,
Assist, p.
acd.
Assuager, .
mtulih.
Assuasive, ..î-* mulayyin.
Assume, <".
akhat,
attakJiaz, .li^l târ ; (to claim),
Uol ; (to presume), ô zann.
Assumer (arrogant man),
maglirur, jSzi mutkabbir.
Assuming, part.
mutkabbir.
Assumption, A S-l akhz,
itlikhaz, jLi^-1 ikhtiydr.
AST
346
ATH
Assumptive, jîilc*^-\j wiijib Astray, JLs dal.

Astringency, astriction, j_/LJi
ul'aMu, Jlsrlll jj.
Astringent, (_^\ kalid.
A8surance(certainty), (J
Astringent, *.
z; (trust),
Z; (intrepidity), i'^; Astrography,
(testimony), xjLg-i shaMdat ;
jnm
(promise), Sj-^wa^d; (insurance),
kawakib
\ aman.
Astrolabe, 4_
Assure, v. (promise), Acj waâd, Astrologer, s.
-sjU kalid.
gifat annvtasiclr al
astrolabe.
mwnajyim.
OkfO' taâhhad; (to remove doubt Astrological,
najuml
or fear), j! akkad,
Assured (indubitable, certain), jji*
Astrologize, v. Jsf najjam.
mukarrar, (JAs^ muhakkak, p^***
Astrology, ^s^\^ji fannattanflm.
majiim.
Assuredly, \j&^sahlhan,iLjb.\j> Astronomer, *. cl&i *Lc< muâttim
falak.
fi'l haklkat.
Astronomy, ulfliiJIAe glm alfalak.
Assuredness, (J-Oar tahkik.
Astronomical table, s. JjJu>-.
Asterisk, . ^luJ, *jLii! ishurat.
Asthma, ^Ji^\(Jâ dlk annafas.
Asthmatioal, asthmatic,
dayyek annafas.
Astonish, v. î- hayyar,
tajjab.
^^..*. hayran, ur-v
. To be astonished, JLacT1
tahayyar, i^^js^ taâjjab,
Astonishing, part. J^sf* muJiayyir.
Asunder, ^J^sjU bi anfirudin.

Asylum, . jL malaz, Ls^* malja.
At, LJ, ^jLc cflfo', tj-jj. At full
length, JjâiJl^jlc âla' attaftil.
At the iiver,^fJ!jii. At hand,
j*\&- hadir. At no time, jJJs
ysjJl <u/ addahr. Not at all,
L01 asslan. At present, 1'^
kalian. At first, Jjl awwalan.
Astonishment, *j^>- hayrat, <~-^--^
Atabal (a kind of Arabian drum or
tatiffhrub.
Astral,
tabor), JLW atbal.

Ate (preterite of eat), I ate, v^_-KJ.
Atheism, jlk.1 ilhad, ZSAIJ tandakat.
najuml.
347
ATT
Atheist, *. \sr" mulhid,
zandlk.
Athirs^ wliJ^ Lat*hd.
Athletic, ,J Lu pahlawtin.
Atlas (a rich silk), (^-1^ atlas.
Atmosphere, \f> hated. Sec Air.
Atom, *. ijj tarra.
Atone, v. ^j^jfada'.
Atonement, iVJj kafdrat.
ATT
istnma-.; (to be busied
about), JjLUl inshaghal.
Attendance (service),
khidmat ; (train, retinue), *Ahas/tarn.
Attendant, attending, ty^ muniit.
Attendant, . ,jUi. khddim, ^J\J
tiiliu. Attendants, ^''y tatedbit,
cLj! t'.Uifi-., A&S*. khadam,
hasham, (-ilj- hnwunhi.

Atrocious, j>,j!* thanr,
Attach v. (join together), ,JwJ lasak ; Attention, ^.î*-! ihtirds.
Attentive, la.La.- mutaytd-kiz.
(arrest), ija~s kalad.
Attentively, jJiw bilakyld.
Attenuate, . jjj rakkak.
tion), <Us" mahallat.
Attest, r. uôjl asbatf Aî shehed,
hujum.
Attack, .
jji karrar.
Attack, tr.
hajam.
Attest, attestation, J> jLi ghahddat,
Jiassal, Jli ndl.
Attain, r.
^jjuaj tasdlk, j\Ji\ ikrdr.
I yuttahtugal.
Attainable,
Attire, . ^J zayyan.
mtitahassal.
Attained,
J_)L}
ni'iyil, Attire, ioj zla<.
Attaining,
Attirer, *. ^j* mutayyin.
mukta&ib,
Attachment, jUaJl titudl: ; (affec
Attorney, . J-^j waii/.

An
attorney-at-law, l^c.jJI,J,^j tcakil
tituhawil.
Attainment,
iktital, J
adda^wa. To act as an attorney,

J^j tatcakkal. To appoint an
Attempt, .
Attempt, P.
kassad,
jail,
Attemptable,
Attend . (be present),
khadam; (listen),
(serve),
attorney, J^j wakkal.

Attorney ship, iJl^j waktilat.
Attract, v. (draw to something)
(_jjij- yasaJ ; (to allure),
(_>jJjiJ\ jaldb al ktdul.
Attracting, attrahent, c
AUD
348
Attraction, <_JA:>- jatb,

istijldb, (-rJ\^sr\ injizub.
AVE
Audaciousness, audacity,
Audible (that can be heard),

;. Anaudiblevoice
Jla bisawt lali
jdlib al kulub. An attractive
quality, ..'-! L=- b'jfl^ al kuwuat al Audience (sense of hearing),
jalibat.
>- An au(. _
Attractively, ^1 -X=^V ^* in/itdb.
dience, (_/J*Lsr<. The audience
Attractor, . c->jUf juaib.
of an ambassador, .-jKr^cyljflL*.
Attribute, v. i_ -'' nosab, JfUsl Audit, . (examination of accounts),
-','/'//, Jw1 asnad.
L-_iUl...g-^^g* fnli* illhisfiln'it.
Attractive, t_Jjls^ j&zib,

jtilib ; (alluring), >
Attribute, *. &Le tifat (plur. M!\La Audit, v. <-^.. f\^fi*;*) fahag

sifiif)T (_jL0j >(M/. The attri
alhisdb.
butes of God, ÎCdlllcjUrf Auditor, *. (hearer), ^
tifdt allak taÔla'.
Attributed, (j^~t mansub.
Attrition,J\MJ\ infcisur.
An auditor of accounts,
i-ilil...L \ omin alhisabat.
Auditory, *. (_/-i-s'* majlit.

Avail, i&Aifaydat, ^sJ nafi.
Avenge, . saj\ intakam.
Avail, v. ÂJ nafa^.
mu-âkib, *î.
k&dir, A-jl. mufid. Avenger, . t
Available, j
muntakim.
[saf a-sjur.
Availably, jf
j bikol fuydat.
Avenue,
*.
(of
trees),
jl_srj\
mvikkaAvant-garde,
damat al
Avarice, avariciousness, (J^7 bukhl,
vntak.
Vvaricious, J-ssT balchll,
[iamra.')
thahlh.
! a#ir (fern.
Vuburn,
mazad, ~.\j*-.
Auction,
Luctioneor, *. JUj dallul.
Audacious, j^wJ^ jmur.
Aver, f.^p Tcarrar.

Averment, *. ^\J*j* burhan,
?, ^yUj baydn.
Averse (abhorring) r^-* mutanaffr,
mu^rid,
mukhalif,
Jue
Averse, f. ^/^/RJ na/or nti'n.

Aversely, *^b bi-ikrdh, Lj
karuhiat.
349
AVO
AUT
Aversion, &\jZ\ ikruh, i\jz~>\ iitikruh. Avowal,

ikrar,,
To have an aversion, x. ,C".>.i!
i^tiruf, (Jfc JuaJ tatdlk.
utalcrah.
Avower, . ,
Avert, r.
God Aurora, .s? fajr , ^~e subh.
avert, jJJbSJUj<dll allah tabula' Auspice, JL fdl. Auspices (pro
luyu kaddir.
tection), .'o'ujs- himiiyat,
Auger, *.
musaâdat.
Anght,
Auspicious,
mukbil,
Augment, augmentation,
malkhat, (jj\
siyadat, jb Jjl itdiyad.
j^s-b lilkhayr, ^
Augment, r. jU %ad, i_j'.J'
liiacdin.
[taâdat.
Augur, augnrer, .>-.
,''.-.7/-,.
Auspiciousness, JLj^ iîd?, i'jl->
Auguration, augury, JU/dZ.
Austere, v --'*- ^nuf, y*J\e âbu.
August,
Austereness, austerity, t-e\>.j riydcd/I.
dat, U-BV r ittnf, iLtLtf lariimat.

August (the month of), <_>T o>, Austerely, i^^sjXj ii'io/ saramat.
Aviary, >. jj-*&5 kafat,
Austral, ^yj>-janubl.See Southern.
kafat attiyur.
Authentic, ^sf sahlh, ^*e\ atli,
Avidity, _*Lr tii>,i,t-_..
(JjLs* muhakkak.
\_tiJtat.
Aunt, -.. (by the father's side),
Authenticity, (UUto- fakikat,
âmme. An aunt (by the mo
Authentically, LJU- hakknn,
ther's side), <dU- ."J/';.
Avoid, >-. ^-n --T" t:'i'inniil win ;
(to oppose), j^-^ i-j
Avoidable, t-jl^-^^^^
j\ isfc.J1 /uyi'/t alihtiru.2.
Avoidance, avoiding, c
Avow, v. f kar.
Arowable, A 5!
iiii'.K/iiiiiif] L_K!^- mualUf; (an in

ventor), wi-^cLj idj
Miijid. An author of evil,
mufsid.
ijtinab, jl^.r..--^
A voider, . c-^^
Author, . (of a book),
mvjtanib.
Of the author (when
quoting any author), <u!^tJ.

Authoritative, jljcjiljj u iktid&r,
?;ii\v_ -r-Vf fdAti hudrat.
Authoritatively,^^ biamr.
AWA
350
Authority, i,Jo kudrat,

iktidur, *.(:>- hitkm, <t_Ll~> tultat.
Absolute autliority, JCJ\U'--....\ ;
(testimony), i'jlî shahadat.
Authorize, v. (give power),
BAB
. To drive away,
To send away, J-^l
away,
Awe,
haybat, t_Jj=>- khatcf,

j\~&\ i^tibdr, [taram.
mukhvf, 2^* muhAwful, i

fawwad, \j&>~j rakhkhas.
Autocracy (independent powy), Awfulness, <U-Ji haybat.
jâj taiurruf musta&il. Awhile,
Autograph (a particular person's Awkward (foolish), J^w lahlul ;
own writing), J^lii- that yadd.
The royal autograph, <*Juji
khat shartf.
Autumn, cju^ri- kJianf.
Autumnal, .Jb -s- kharifi.
Auxiliary, Û* mui&win
ndstr.
Auxiliary, s. ,.--< muitn, ^.
(perverse), y*-?+ mayehum.

Awl, s.jjS* makhruz.
Awless, -t^-- ^ ' it'to haytat.
Awning, . (L^.S- khaymat,
Awry,
multawi, .jC.\ a^waj,
Axe, . (^w'lJ /aas.
ndsir.
[a^wan. Axiom, . *JkclJ! k&gdah ; (evident
Auxiliaries, j\ -" '< \ antar,
proposition), <*--ai kadiat.
Await, y.^Viv.u.;! istantar.
Axis, s. axle, axle-tree,
Awake, r. <UJ >/nti/ni/<, 11L;
mihwar, c- -Ui
To awake, or be awaked, ljJi.n
Ay, *i naâ
istaykaz.
Azimuth, s.
Awake, L^.-*^ tmutaykiz.
Azure, ^jj\
Award, v.
hakam,
lajwardl,
eamdun.
Award, s. &jt-ij shariât,
i
httjjat, Lai
Awards,
ah/cam.
Aware, J>Lj *u/ir, Sia-3^.
Away (absent). i_-i^ gMyil. To
go away, i_-^J ,';/mi. To bo
tamawi,
B.
Baal (the idol), Jju iflt^fl^.
Babble, v. \_~~ lakash. [al ktdam
Babble, babbling,
i*r<
351
BAD
Babe, . jJj toalad, Jit iifl.
BAL
Soe Badness, jLJ /<Md<f, ^Lj kabahat.

Baffle, v. t.^xi- khayyab.
Bag, . ^/.^ iz, J\j*- oAuoJ.
Baggage, c-^LÎ .(// i, <_j'__"'
Infant, child.
Baby, . (doll), <L*1 lu^bat.
Baboon, . 0,-v maymun.
Babylon (in Chaldea), JjU Balel
Babylon (in Egypt), ^j-ljlj.
Bacchanalian, ^\*> eakrdn.
Bacchus, IJMJ~\S JBdkhoi. \<>-,zuti.
(Mwdi, JU5\ aia^.

Bagnio, . (hot b;ith), ,U^- hammam.
Bail (bondsman), uLjo .(-.-/ rt/,
; (security), Jl$o
Bail for appearance,

kafdlat hudur. Bail for the
debt, JU3U^ kufdlat mat. To
give or become bail, Jj, Jiio
vertebra or joints of the back
i :!!'. _ii!'i ;^>- kharat axzahr.
takaffal. To take bail, ^-**= damin.
Back (again), Li! aydan, ,Û Bailable, 3UCljL<V*.i yattahik al
kafalat.
kamdn.
Bailiff,
. (officer employed to cite
Back, p. (ride a horse), c--^ rti4.
muhder,
before a judge),
Back-bone, *. .flaJlj^ri- kharaz
Bachelor, s. (unmarried man), *~~j\

Back, i.jâ zahr. The back of the
hand, i_a!^ zahr al kaf. The
assahr.
Back friend, *. (enemy), j&e. âdu.
Backside, t. (anus, podex),
l^rjj^*- ehawish.
Bait (meat or food),
ghadd,
makâd,jiJ dubr.
Bait v. (to ensnare), <.-_v?~ .jatab.
Backsword, .
To bait (at an inn), I.JLJ/' nitilfl.
Backward, backwards (behind), Baiting place (inn, stage, etc.),
I'-JcT* OT*n v>ar"[istikr&h.
(U-X* martial, Jar^ mahall;
Backwardness (aversion), s\J^~i\
(amphitheatre for baiting wild
Bad, j^.j-^ harrlr, ,_$Jj radl,
beasts), ^!>X~ mlddn,
v_* ---<- '/;"'' ; (sick, ill), \jo)j*
ma^rakat.
Badge, i. <Ltlc taldmat.
[marld. Bake v. (bread), _^ khabaz.
Badger, *. (animal), yOjSl
-.iin'ik ii'lnrd.
Bakehouse .
Baker, .JUeL khabbdz.
Badly (wickedly), Li sharran.
Balance *. (scales),
mlidn,
BAL
352
BAN
...U 1-iMnn. The scale or bason Balm (balsam), *Jj

Balmy (soothing),
of a balance,
(odoriferous), Jia*s muâttar.
mlzdn. The tongue of the balance,
LJ Zwa al rnimn. The Jalsam, ><.lj balsam.
handle or eye of the balance in Balsamic, (^*^] bdiaml.
which the tongue vibrates, (^!e. Bamboo, . ^j^^- khayzaran.
,oU^ cain al mlzan; (equili Ban, . (edict), JU- Attim, j-l or ;
(a curse), <U*5 Za^na^.
brium), <LJjl*, mu-ûdilat ; (com
Ban,
v. jjjl /aân.
parison), &**>* tashbih,
Band, *. (tie), doij ralta ; (union),
tamt.ll, balance of accounts,
t_jLtiJ rand al hisab.
Balance v. (weigh), ,.,;, icatan.
Balancer, . ^jj waetdn,
kabbs.ni.
Bald, j-L\
[rt'zi,
Baldness,
Bale, <0l
Bale i. (bundle up), *j>- Iwum.
Baleful (sorrowful),
mum.
Balefully,
Ballista, .
jlarl ittihad, jlftj'l /di. Bands

(troops), ^ji\ aftoSj. In bands,
-.\jj\-\jj\ afw&j aftcaj.
A
swaddling-band, J3\-4J kimat.
A head-band or hair-band, LUoc
cisdbat.
Bandage for a wound, s. )o\Jj ribat.
Bandit, banditto,
attarlL Banditti,
kuttaâttarlk,
Bandrol, . (banneral),
bikol ghatn.
mcmjanlk.
khayydb. To be Bane (poison), *-: tarn.
takhayyab.
Bane v. (poison), *^-> tammant.
kurra. A ball or bulle Baneful (poisonous), **-< miuim ;
(destructive), cl^l^- muhlix.
(for fire-arms, cross-bows, etc.)
Banewort,
ratsbane, jls!l,~> saw al
<nlf guile, or <Lf. The eye-baU
p
iikXtt- hadalat, ^^JI
far ; (arsenic), ^>j\ zanflkh.

"Wolfsbane, dogsbane,
kfc_
Ball, *. (ballet, dance),

Ballad, *. Lc Âtd.
Balloon, . (large ball),
c_ô jj\ Ich&nik aziib.

Bang, .-. ''-flj latmat.
BAP
353
g, v. C-J-s1 darab.
BAR
Baptise, v. *-~^ sabagli, A^c âmmad.
Banish, . ^Jo tarad,

L> nafa'.
To be banished, lîj nufl.
Bar . (of a door), (JH\JJ^ darbdt ;

(an obstacle), -jL mdni^. A
Banished, ^^^su* munfa'.
gold or silver bar or ingot,
ialikat.
[struct), JuBanisher, s. (>_jAi-* munfl.
Bar, p. (a door), JjiJi fo/a/; (to obBanishment, dje tard, Ju nafl
Barb, . (horse),
Bank, *. (of a river, sea, etc.)
hisan maghrabl.
tahff, (JsLi ihatl ; (a place where
Barbacan, *. j bury.
money is laid up to be called for
Barbarian, *. (foreigner),
occasionally), .Jô^lSj dukkun
gharib. A native of Barbary,
tarraf, i__5^-' lank.
(C^jj barbarl.
Banker, *. i_Jê sarrdf, i J^L* Barbarism, barbarousness(in speech),
tayarif.
laLe ulnilttl ; (ignorance), tJf^-
Bankrupt, *. ^*JJL muftis, wt&*
jahl.
malsfir. To become bankrupt,

<^' aflat.
Bankruptcy, jîi^ tfldt. [bayrak.
i^.-^* jahl murakkab. Notorious

barbarism, ^j&^k_L_c ghalat
Banner, . ^JJ^J bandiara, Jjj-^J

Banneret, *. jljkJJ^.<j bayrukddr.
Banquet, . ^LiL^ diyafat 'UtJj
teatimat. A banqueting-house,
i!sLIiJ^lj ddru'd diyafat. A
banqueter (the master of a banquet), i
Gross barbarism, (Jf^-
mashhur (barbarity, cruelty), JJi

zulm.
Barbarous (language), Lljt mughlat;
(ignorant, rude), JjsU- /uAi7 ;
(cruel), Jlis aa?m; (foreign),
u.-o^ gharib.
Barbary (in Africa), j^j^ jazayer,
jiji barbariat,
addiyafat.
Banter, . tefZj$> tahrijat.
Barbed (bearded),
0*1 lahu dakn.
Banter, v. -.jSt, harraj, ~y mazah. Barber, *. Jj

hallak,
Baptism, <ij Jyjc* ma^mudiat.
tayyin.
[hallak.
Baptist, *. (baptiser), <Xwc^t muiam- Barber's shop, *. î
dukkan
mid.
Bard, .^cLi) shaîr. See Poet.
BAH
354
Baro (naked), u^
Bare, v. (strip), J^>- jarad.
Bare-bone (lean), t_Lar nahif.
Bare-faced (impudent), Lj*-L bild
Aoyd.
Barefacedness, j^L^ jasarat.
Barefoot, ijAs" mufia/a', U>- A/<Z,
BAS
Barrenness, yLe ûkr, SJ\A

Barricade, a. barricade, Jwi sadd.
Barricade, . , >*j jli^jL? Carnal
matdris.
Barrier, ,v. A-J
Barter, Ljjlx* mu^dwadat,
mubddalat, 'ij\zf tajdrat, .as

(jUis- hafydn.
[arraas.
matjar.
Bareheaded, (jJJ! i_Jyi< aMu/ Barter, v. JL)!J bddal,jSf-\3 ttijar.
Bargain, . (agreement), Ji^c /, Barterer, *. jjojlt* muidwid, J jL^
jUj\ ittifat, j\j\i bdsctr.
mubddil, ^j^j^j^ bazdrkan.
Bargain, v.j\j\i^f Carnal Idzar.
Base (low, mean), jjj (Zunf, ^t)
Barge, *. (UjL.' saflnat, jjjjj zawrak.
rfw, -JL-*- haklr. ~ Base-born,
Bargeman, s. tj
\JJ jJj ;?(? z'd. The base of a
Bark (of a tree),yLo
column, J^*x!U'j^lJi kd^tdat
Bark, f. (peel), ^r1 saMh,
alâmud.
kashsJuvr; (as a dog), ^fj
Baseness, i,\&s>~ hakdrat.
^j nabah.
[maslnkh. Basha, s. Lib Pasha.
Barked, bark-bared (stript), f^*-^ Bashful, * *.". r* muhtashim. To be
Barker (stripper), JL tdlelch; (as
bashful, (J*\'
a dog, etc.), *Ai ndbih.
Bashfulness, LJ
Barking, *. (stripping), jî tashr; Basil (sweet herb), ^
(as a dog), .ÂJ ndbh, i;_j*J' ta^wiat. Basilic (paluce), ^cri ior ; (a large
Barley, >r-*i sAaîr. A barley
temple or mosque), -+\s>- jami^
corn, s^Jti thaarat.
(plur. ^\^>- jawamii. The
Barn, s.jUJl anJdr, ^^jj^ malthtan.
great artery of the arm, /jji
Baron, *. ^j^ idron.
Barracks, <iluJ kasMat.
bdsillk.
Basilisk . (serpent),
Basis,
/-iL;! asids, ijoili (plur.
Barrel, . ij*^ barmil. A barrel
of wine, f-rJ *- urat sharub.
Barren (woman),
Basket, .
--Jj zanlil,
BAT
355
Bason, . ^^'b tusht. The bason

of a fountain, (joô- hawd, i&ji
berkat (plur. i^Jj bvrak.
Bastard, . U ; A, /</ z*d.
BEA
MI dun al harb. Battles, ^-'-^
hurub, LZJ\JJ\S.-* muhdrabat. A

sea battle.^ll \ J IsS /Jw<d/ <; / iaAr.
Battle-axe, *. Û/d*.
Bastardor bastardize, 0-jjJiiJ bandak. Battlement, J-jô/wiJ. The battle

Baste t>. (beat), <--^J darab.
ments of a castle, tUtlii
Bastinado, v. <-Jj^> darab.
fatll al kiihnt.
Bastion, . j} burj, (plur. ^jj> Bawdy, adj. (J^lj fahith.
'-' .''.'/. ^jjVi-.ilj bastion.
Bay, *. (of the sea) ^.Li
Bat *. (animal), -^ watw&t.
The bay-tree (laurel), jU
Bath, .s. (hot), ,*u>- hammam. Bay, v. _y nabah.
The keeper of a bath, Ûk- Bayonet, . iya- harbat.
hammaml.
Be, . ^,1^ idn.
Bathe, v. Jo^c ijhusul.
[ightisal. Beach, .
sahil (pi.
Bathing, Juî Â<i^ Jl.u r.M
suwahil),
[maniirat.
Bating (excepting), ^..i ghayr.
Beacon, s.
i ,1-..
Baton, . Lac f.od.
Bead, . ijy>- kharazat. A string
Battalia, c-^s-l,_)L^ masaf al
of beads (a rosary),
harb. To draw up an army in
masbahnt.
Beak, . (of a bird), jUi^ minkur.
Beam or ray of light, *. cLt
.^/"../;.. Sunbeams,
__'l_'
Battalion, . Jj^Lj Jtt/ui. The

colonel or commander of a bat
talion, ,_$!^ mir aldy.
Batten, v. (make fat), cr*~; syntnun ;
(to become fat), ^~ semen.
Batter, v. j^s"' sahak, jjj dak.
Batter (paste), ,j^-si c;'J.
Battle, . "-ry*- h^rb, JliJs ii'W/.
A field of battle, i-
*Ata^ ashshams.
Beam, v. Âici Aai
Beaming, beamy, ^
Bean, *. Ljj! fabiyu, Jy/u/. Bean
pods, L-JJJJ&- kharnul.
Bear, . (carry) (J^*- /v ;,;,// ; (to
suffer),^.-* sola", uUksT taliammal.
To bear loss, ^ ... <. /Jinan,-. To
bear away, j-JJ <//ac.. To be:xr
356
BEA
BEA
arms, ILiJ*/*^. hamal silah. To
wahush). Beasts, <_'.->
bear fruit, (J-*- hamal, j*j\

asmar. To bear an office, y_ -"''
-. See Cattle.
Beastly, ^â-j tcahshl, *-^J Iti/iim ;
tanassab. To bear the expence,

(lascivious), (ji_-Lj fahesh;
rjz*- kharaj, <>j-e taraf. To
(nasty), ^/-^ na;V.
bear company, (JJ>\j rafak. To Beat, p. (strike), <-Jj*> darab. To
bear an affection, i~- hob, JtxLc
be beaten, (_îj! indarab. To
.!!.///.; Jl m&l. To bear up
beat (conquer), L_Jlc ghalab, jf]p
against, *.Li kawam,
safar, j kafutr. See YanqniBh,
khalaf. To bear patiently,
overcome, subdue. To beat back,
To bear witness,
J_JL> rfd/f?^. To beat down, <-r^r=>kharab. To beat up (attack sud
Bear, . <__o owi. A she-bear, <U 0
denly), ^sP hajam. To beat (mix
dnlli:. The constellation of the
ingredients), laLi- khalat.
Greater Bear, _^\<-_?jJ\ a/ dub Beat, . .L'^: darbat.
alalclar.
The Lesser Bear, Beaten, t^jtj^Lt madrul.
jb0H\i_->Jk!! a/ rfc// alasghar.
Beater, s. <_j iLs
Beard, . <L*' /Aya< (plur. t-_ys)>
Beating (part.), c
î J dakan.
[laho tinIn.
Beatific (happy), C/,L/
Bearded, <Us^J zu lili.jat, cJJiv!
Beardless, J^ amrad.
Bearer, . (porter), Jl*r- hammul. Beatifically, ifjljtjjjo iiio? taâdat.
The bearer of a letter, J^L- Beatification, beatitude, *oL*_^
jaLU(2i?j.
^__-^Lwl /wi// / maktul.
Bearing (situation of one place in Beaver, s. l*!li_^K kail al ma.
respect to another),j_*sîtc<foj. ; Beauteous, beautiful, J-^sj- Jamil,
Julian, *i;.j~ "in- if,
(Buffering),jj~a tabur.
Beast, i. ,o^-;ffci haytcan (plur.
C-Ljljj*. hayteanut), <LA -{ .1 Beauteously, beautifully,
bahimat (plur. *jl^J iaAuim). A Beautifulness, beauty, ,_._^- Aum,
wild beast, jjlk-j icaM (plnr.
J L^P- jamal. Incomparable
BED
357
beautyyJaJ rfJUyjuu*. hum malatu

nozJr.
Beanty, *. (a lovely woman), <tL
BEP
Bed-sheet, t-ii^s- chanhaf (plur.

LiLiilâ- chardskif).
Bedrid, îlyll^l, ^r|^ affirdiih.
*jâ\,jamllat (usurat,
Beautify, v. ^j sayyan.
Bedstead, *. ^^sC takht.

See
Bed-time, ^yJlicL taât annawm.
Adorn, decorate.
[fhdmat
Beauty-spot, . JU. Hi
Bedabble, v. bedaub, Ci^J lawwas.
To bedaub with gold, iis tofe'.

Bedaubed, CjJlL* mulawwas.
Becalm, v. ^jLj sakkan.
Bedlam, ^1^,1* maristdn.
Became, preterite of Become. It
Bedrop, v. iaAJ nakkat. [saghglw.
became, ^'- s&r.
Be-dwarf, v. (make little), JL>
Because, JjJ lianna. Because ol
Bee, s. <d^r MoA/f (plur.
that, or on that account,
Beeswax, ^jLu^c^
livdek, LlÛjsj-l^^ mm
Beef,yu*L lahm lakar.
wlek, LU3jJj/o/flz<j&. Because
of this, or on this account, 1 A$! Beer, j^j Jiiza, ^ l\ra,
Beet (root), . jjjj^, shawandar.
lihaid.
Becafico, . ^^Jl^jLae iiuf&r attln
Beck, t. beckoning, jjLi! ithdrat, Beetle (insect), Jj>- /j7,

ui ghatmutt.
\jhamm.
khmfaiat.
[root.
Beck, beckon, v. ^lil aAdr, Uc Beetrare or beet-radish. See BeetBecome, p. (fit or suit), jS /ai, Beeves,
Befal, v.
Becoming (suitable), c_^^L^ ZM- Befit, i_*
Befitting,
Becomingness, ij\J& zarafat, is Hal
Bed, *. ^\ji firaih (plur.
Before,
/*. To make a bed, U
farath. A bed-maker, (>i|}-J
farrdsh. A manufacturer of beds,
ASTL* munajjiA.
[annawm.
Bed-chamber, *. *^\<L~\ oudat
maicashl.
ârad,
nasal, ^
$
Idyik,
r"Hs
awwalan,
j*Ul awaw. Before this, 1 JU&J.J
kail haza. Before the time, J.J

ÛJJ I kablazzaman, Before dawn,
assulh.
entering,
Before
Before
358
BEG
BEH
arrival,
Before some Behalf, ^bU- khiltir, Js--\ ajl.
people,
Before God,
On
thy behalf, w'..M'^ ,-t min ajlak.
As before,
Behave, v. cLxLo talak. To behave
Before-mentioned,
carelessly, (Jjlstf taffhdfal.
<JJ\~>, <u!ljlu. Before-hand, Behaviour, c^JLj suluk. Good be
haviour, l * ^ odab, L P'"" hitf.
I'.l atowalan, LJJ kalian.
Befringe, 0. jjb tarras.
Behead, v. <LjU_laJs kata^rutaho.

Beheld, ^l-** muidyan, j$&~*
Beg p. (intreat), ,5=^ tarajja'.
manzur.
Beget, 0. J-jUj tanasal, oJj wefe<2 ;
Behemoth, t. (hippopotamus or river(to produce), ^glil azAar.
horse) (J^Jji larriik.
Beggar, *. ^Jii /zr.
Beggars,
Behest, j*\ amr, *- hukm.
\jiiu faka.ru..
\jsHrfaklr.
Behind, Vy ward, \j)^j* min ward.
Beggar, v. .Xs-"1 shahad, jMjâ
Behind (remaining), îb Idkl ;
Beggarly,j^\ ^Ji-* M!*^ al fakir.
(out of sight), t-~J^s ghayib,
Beggary,yiJ Jukr.
Behold, v.JaJnazar. To behold attenBegin, v. \zj\ ibtadd.
tively,ja^\(jxs\ amân annasar.
Beginner, s. ^J^* multadl.
Behold ! \ jjla hdnazd.
Beginning, s. \<Xii\ ibtidd. Making
Beholden (bound in gratitude),
a beginning (part.} ^jLi.^*
(jji^* manmiin.
multadl.
In the beginning,
Beholder, s. Ja\J ndzir ; (witness),
The beginning and the
.xali shdhid ; (spectator), ~jSz*i
From beginning
mutafarij.
Beholding, part. Jt&lii^ mushahid.
Begird, v. !W hat,jÛ- hdsar.
A beholding, obligation, <sJL
Bcglerbeg, *. tlX^Kj leglerleg.
Begone, _j rwA.
Begotten, i->j!^ mawlud.
Begrimo, p. Ojl> saivwad.
Beguile, c.^Jtc ghadar, c
Begun, ^Jc-** mubtada'.
munnat,
Behoof, JJtjli fdyidat, _RJ no/L.
Behove, . (^.^-jli ndsabb, jjS tei.
It behoves, ur-<-;'_--* mundifb.
It does not behove, <_&^>i ghayr
Idyik.
359
BEL
Being (existence), <->*-j vug-ad, ^
!:-I'.CH; (condition), JU- hal, Â.
j /.</. Beings, __;
dat, %uLj\ kaynat. Being (ex
BEN
Belly-bound,
^vJL makb&d.
Belong, v.
Belonging,
[tntcua
isting), part, j ..=>-._ mawjud, Beloved,

^ kayin.
Be it so, ^ Icon, j.^-lj fitlyakan.
Belabor, v. <^fO darab.
Below, 'j* -~^* <i7/<<. Below the castle
Belgrade, jlytlj Belgrade.
taht alkuUat. Froa

Belie, r. (counterfeit), jJj kallad.
below, \^^ssT^ min tttht.
Belief (credit given to anything), Belt, s. j^St Ita/mar, j\jj sunnar,
i^timad,
itikad.
mantakat.
[tahassar.
Belief (in religious matters), Û-tl Bemoan, t__i^lj iaassuf, -uâs:
ayman, i_-o jt mazhab, ^J (7zt. Bench,*.(tribunal),Û$lsr* mahkamai
Believe, f. JJiicl a-^takad, ^\ aman, Bend, v. J U mal,
; (tc
J> Ju jaddak.
subdue), ^vj fatah, y_ -^ ghalab.
Believer, . (one who gives credit to)
Bendable, _^xl \Jjli, ytJl^.^^*,
Jjcji* mujtakid. A believer (in
_ôj yataâwwaj.
[under.
religious matters),
-* >urn.
Beneath, L:-^rvT taht. See Below,
The believers,
Benediction, . c'oy barakat. [ifudn,
mtimmfn.
Belike, Jx foô/
Bell, *. ijMjSf jarat,
(plur. uJly nuwfikiti).
Benefaction,*. <L
naius Benefactor, .
*x^
A benefac-
WJMM^tW
tress, *.iiW'^j,
Belligerent, belligcrous,
Aarima^.
Beneficence, ,-ji- khayr.
\-r sahib karam,
Belly, ^âu ia<. Loosing the belly, Beneficent, flj1
*tc^ munîm, *j karim (plur.
adj. Jf*-^ mushil. Big-bellied
(pregnant), <*L*L- hamilat or
(,!/, U/),
Most
beneficent, u
Ju hublti . A belly-band, Ûj
larfm alakhlak,
zunnar.
a/ mutharibln.
Bellows, **'* manfakh,
[fakh.
BER
BES
360
Beneficial, A-jL* mufid, j-il; nu.fi-,.
Berhyme, .
Beneficially, _AJ,JJo bikol
Berry, . t_
**
Benefit, . *\xj\ infant,
(plur.
fcj nafi, i^j\ifayidat.

Benefit v. (do good), (iru*-l ahsan,
AaJi, <U- habitat
hubub,
habbat.
Bescreen, u. iii*-
**jl anâm; (to gain advantage),
Beseech, c. c îj tadarrai.
hj\ inttihi, jlib-il istafad.
Beseeching, j>r<. and adj.
Benevolence,
*,
karam,
L,
Jcarumai, <uLi shafakat, t_cL! ///'.
mubtahil.
Beseem, v. i^^-jli nasab,
Beset, v. L-U1 /?/.
latif,
Beshrew, . ^yxl Zaj_a.
Benevolently,
Benjamin, or benzoin (a kind of Beside, besides (near), i^J^J> AariJ ;

(over and above, excess), ^^^.j^
gum), bLuja^ bakhur kunnuk.
Benign, ^^Lii shafik, (JJuLst miuhfik.
mindun, \ JLC jjzrfd, 1 JkcL. muâda,
Benignity, <Uuî shafakat, îK j-o/ii^,
1L<-, Lllr>- liuxltll.
Besiege, . ~a\o~ hdsar, \s\s*-\ ahut.

Besieger, s. j-o^sf* muhdsir.
Benignly,
Benison, . (benediction),a^j barakat. Besieging, j\^=>- hisar, lj-e\s.^

muhasirat.
[rmmhasir.
Bent, (j7or<. of bend),
,jjjsu
Besieged, jâsr* mahsur,
munhani,
V*
mtmâtif ;
Besmoke, v. .^-'^ dakhkhan.
(addicted),
Besom, .
aahash.
Besot, v.
Bequeath, v.
wahab,
Bespeak,
v.
(order
anything before
waslyat
wakaf. A. bequest,
W088<? coa
hand),
(plur. ULsj icasdya). A bequest
Bespeaker, .
for pious uses, i__Wj wakf.

Bereave, v. *&z\ a^dam.
reave of life,
To be
Bespeckle, v.jtJ nammar.
To be
Bespit, v. l_j^cji-f? batak ^
reave of hope, co^>- khayyab.

Bereft,
mafkHd.
muwastl.
Besputter, v. ^ûj SaaA.

Best, jtt>-\ akhlr, (.j*u*\ ahtan,
aslah, c.^1 at-yab.
The
BET
361
best book, <

al kitdb al mustatdb. To have the
best (to excel, overcome), i_^g
BIG
Between equals, ^
To interpose between
Sa->y tawassat.
ghalab, .ale zafar. To do the best,

takayyad,
Bestial, (_s**~j wahsM.
Bestir, p. (one's-self),
bazal himattaho.
Bestow, v. k__~>. wahab,
athaf; (to place), -:^. v;uJa-..
To bestow attention or endeavour,
j iaaa? a? majhud,
Beverage, <Uî tharbat.

Bevy . (of people), -.ji fawj.
Bewail, v. ^l.ru-a-ilj taassaf âla'
-.U ndA.
Bestowed, (t^yt matehub.
Bewray, v. jJtc ghadar.

Beyond (the further side), \jj ward
(remote, distant, far, further]
Bestower, *. c_~Jl_j wShib.

Bet, Is
rahan.
Bet, p.
Bethink,
iftakar, iasÛ
Betide, f
Betimes,
%ala' wakt.
Betoken, v.
Betray, v.j i ghadar, ^WBetrayer, . îliXc ghadfir,
kMyin.
l.hatlab.
Betroth,
Better,
o/a?, îl akhlr,
\ asla.1i,
at-yab.
Bettor, . l?^
mushdrit,
murahin.
Bewailing, J
nahlb.
Beware, .
ijtanab,j
VAtear.
Bewet, 1
nadda'.
Bewilder, v. cL?
Bewitch, v.^sr* sahar.
barfd. Beyond measure

^jifawkalhadd. Beyond th
river (the ancient Transoxania)
j$\\jj[* ma wara annaJtr. Be
yond hope, Jj-*UJl jiy fawk a
ma'mul.
[_/J(
Bezel, . (of a ring), *jls'l, Ja
Bias, ^l^* HC///.
Bias, v. JU wd?, t_aki1 inâtaf.
Bibber, . c-ô-i sharrlb.
Bible, .
oi mukaddas,
Bicker, t', ^s='l*J' tai
Between, betwixt, ^ i$w#,

Bicorne, bicornous,
mubine.
Behvecn his hands,
BIL
id, t>. (order), -<\ amar.
362
Bill
To bi
bid
(bond), i_Cô ; (assignment or
for, *L> snllam. To bid adieu, c J.
order for the payment of money),

<\js~ hawula.
w>
-*
. To bid good day,
tail-am.
iennial, ^^xv..' sanatln.
Bill, v. (as doves), JLi nakar.

Billet, . t&Jli, ^ <3 warakat.
Billow, ,s. _. iitdtij (pi. '-'
ifarious, bifold, t__isLi mudd-.aj.

ig, f-"^- fantn, r~ kdbir,
âzlm. Big with child,
hiii/n'ltit. Big with pride,
mutakabbir ; (swollen),
amwq;). The dashing of the bil-
lows, .J
Billow, i-. ~j*'i tamawoaj,
taldtam, i}^cua\ idtarab.
Billowy, ^-|^ matowuj.
gamy, . ^jigamist, .
ig-bellicd, <JLl>- humilat,
igger, lac\ agam, j,&\ akbar.
igness, <S_^tLu?- jasamat, ^-x^
Bind, c. LJ , i-uf'iil, jJLc âkad. To

bind a book, JtL>- jaUad. To
bind over (as surety), (JJo kajjal.
Binder, *. Saj^ miz'<. A binder of
books, i_r.cjLs'* mujallid kutb.
Binding (the act of binding a book),
X-lsr tajlld.
tocuât, As**** fashat.

igot, *. bigoted, {^j-)^ muta- Biographer, *. \.j^j rain, JiLj
tcatwit.
nakil, Û- hakl.
igotry, IJM\Jij !/-<".,.:'.'.,
Biography, Jjij nakl, &\jj rateuyat,
waswasat, (J^VijW.^ aymiin b&tU.
tarlkh.
ile, lÂtf a/rd.
Bipartition,
manusqfiA,
ilge, e. ^c- See Shipwreck, leak,
ilious, i^jl^Ltf a/rfiwi, \â.a!\jJ^ Birch (tree), -'^-- bitold.
mwaallid assafrd.
Bird, . jj\l? <ayr, ^..Is <ayr (plur.
ilk, f. j^/Iii ghash.
jj-ij iayur). The bird of night
ill, *. (of a bird), jliu* mt'nidr ;
(the owl),
? <oyr oi
(an account),
A dealer in birds,
BIT
BLA
363
bird's bill,Ûu/ minkar. A bud- Bitumen, jJ for, LA; /l. The

bitumen of Judea, ,**=>- hitnnnar.
cage, \j~JJ kafas. A bird-catcher,
jj\j n>)LJLg tayyad
Birdlime, Jo J r/>f //!-.
attuyur.
Birth, .x- mawlad, *i$j, jJjj,

j-~ mlldd. The pangs of child
birth, j^lsr* makhdd ; (lineage),
Bituminous, i_jf^J iz
Black (in colour), J^tt atwad.
Black and white, 1^0.0^0^1!
atwad sen abyad. A black mole
on the face, <uli ihume. Black
lead (antimony) J^ iwA?.
s. Of mean birth,
majhul anntuab.
Birth-place, . ^Jsj watan.
Biscuit, s. LUuJu boktmdt.
Bishop, *. u-iL.^ uskuf (pi.
at&tif, AiiU asdkifaf).
Bit, *. (small piece), <ulu kit-,nl.
A bit of bread, JjS.Ag.lai. A bit
Black, . j'.-; satodd. See Black

ness; (mourning), O'A=>- hidad.
Blacken, t>. Ji.- satcwad ; (to become
black), Jj-)l isicad.
Blackish, Jj-^t muswad.
Blacker, blackest, J-J astoad.
Blackness, ^'~o tatedd.

Blacksmith, . <J\A>- hadddd.
of cloth, ix>j, <&j-. Bit by bit,
Bladder, . Aili^. The gall-bladder,
in bits, < Vi iii> Vi i. A bit or
. **
mouthful, A*sJ lukmat.

Blamable, -*
Bitch, s. A.K kalbat.
zamim (fern.
Bite, i. âc îouW ; (to cheat), jAi
ffhadar; (reproach), *=-i> thatam,
Blame, fault,
Bite, biting, . < irt r t (W ; (a
~*
tahlr,
khata, fj^r jo-ram,
k__-J J zani ; (censure), ,--'_.<

trick), <3-r- *ffo<.
maltim.
Bitter (in taste),^ murr ; (severe),
walbakh, *$ lam,
Blame,
v. *
J'Jj *fiftw.
Bitterly, */|/J bimararat.
Bitterness,
mar&rat ; (re- Blameful. See Blamable.
j barl.
%proach),
; (calamity), Blameless,
*0
mtuibat.
Z" II! tit.
Blamer, . l
MMmam.
BLE
364
BLI
Blame-worthy, AJJIô-lj vjdjib Bleak (cold), Jj\j bdrid.

azzam. See Blamable.
Bleakness, J^j bard. See Chillnees,
Blanch, v. uaZj bayyad.
coldness.
Blearedness, JL_.^, ramad,
Blanch, t>. (become white), 4-/i^lBlancher, s. (_îx~ mubayyid.
Bled, preterite of bleed,
Blandishment, Jî-*J' tamlik.
mafsud.
Blandish, . ^jf ^ -r malldk. See Bleed, . (to open a vein),
fasad; (to lose blood), i_Jp natof.
Caress, cajole, coax, soothe.
Bleeding
at the nose.t-tc^rê/Xvul. )
Blank (white),
abyad; (un
written), jL> orfaA; (vacant), Bleeder, *. f
Blemish, H. * -^f i
JU.
[jaddaf. Blemish, v. i_-oLc âyyab.
Blanket, .
Blend, .
Blaspheme, r. -s kafar,
Bless (with happiness),
c/,/i >;
Blasphemer, . J\ iq/Jr.
MM ; (to bless God),
Blasphemous, o>s /*'*
[....--.'.
shakar allah,
Blasphemy, î^ i/;-.
mv.ls.rak,
Blast, . (of wind), is* nafliat Blessed,
(plur. C^Ls^ nafltAt.
Blessedness, 4J\*_j saûdat, i-^j

Blaze, . (flame), i_-..( 1 lahib ;
barakat. Eternal blessedness,
ô.y"'i
jlr*Jl ; (sanctity), ^ A(publication), jl^wil ishtihdr.
Blaze, . Jjtî shaial; (to publish),
tiddtat.
Blesser, s. <^Jj\~* mubdrik.
îi! ashhar.
Blazon, . (coat of arms), '-.lU Blessing, A^j barakat.
itilrimnt, (jLiJ nithdn ; (cele Blest. See Blessed.
Blind, l_s->^ otta' (plur. ^L-r
bration), jlfiîl ishtih&r,
ûmyan, fern. L^ âmyS.).
shvhrat.
Blind, c. ^^f =",/,!/'. To be or be
Blazon, r. (to celebrate),
come blind, ,c->*jl inâma .
ashhar ; (to embellish),
Blind, *. (for a window),
Bleach, v. |_^<iX) bayyad.
Bleacher, v. (ja^ mtibayyid.
Blindly, L^x!1 1^ ââ' alâmya.
Blindness, \f âtnd.
>jl*. -- ghishatcat.
Blindside, s
BLU
365
BLO
muzhir.
Furblindness, Blooming,
Blossom (flower), ^ kirn.
Blot, *. (obliteration), ^sr* maha.
Blot v. (obliterate), (C5?* maha'.
Blink, e.Jî ghamaz.

Blinkard, *. j#>-\ ajhar.
Bliss, blissfulness, isS(x~i nn-Jldat.
Blissful, J**~~i miin-Jid.
Blister, . <U- AaJie.
Blitheness, blithe someness.
nath&t, ji farah.
Block up or blockade,^. \**ad
hditar; (to obstruct), _~
Blockade, . idols'* muhdsarat,
To be blotted, .j*^ inmaha' .

Blow, a. Ajfe dorbat, <uD latmat.
Blow . (as wind), ^ nafalth, *-*>
habb. The quarter from which
the wind blows, i_~f. The
quarter to which the wind blows,
f^lljl^. To blow (with the
mouth), > ; (to breathe), (juJî
tanaflus. To blow a horn, ^~'
nafakh. To blow upon (treat
2.-'^' ihatat.
with contempt), ^lal ah&n.
Blockhead, *.IJZ'\ aftmak, JuL- //(///>/.
Blower, . ^\j nafikh. A blower on
Blockishness, i'jlb balddat.
the flute, etc., îL> safir.
Blood, /J dam. Blood (murder),
Blowing, part, i'li nafikh. Blow
jjsJ iatf ; (offspring), J^ woZ;
ing, ;. l_'.~> ii'i.lnlh. jkiu^l
(lineage), i_^...' >w*ai.
Of
ibtitdm.
noble blood, u-fL>j_> shanf;
Blue, ,_^L,-i samawi, \jj]\ azrak.
(temperament of mind),
Blue or grey-eyed, îj*
(fern, liij sarkd).
Bloodshed,
tail.
,v-7/,
z ghalat,
Blunder,
.
Blood-thirsty, *I Hi zulim,j\j>-jaztar.
Blood-sucker, . .UJ_= âlaka (plur.
Bloody, ^fj-i^ damawl.
Bloom or blossom, > zahr,
.:?, <L!j ssa/Za^. A com

mon or vulgar blunder in speech,
jj$w^*kLc ghalat mashhur.
Blunder, r. liLcJ^ Carnal ghalat.
(plur. (ju'^j. ; zahraf). The Blunderer, *. blunderhead,

bloom of youth, ^y^-f- ânfatodn.
ithmak.
17
BOA
366
BOI
Blunt (not sharp), Ju-ybl ma ho Boatman, .

hadd; (dull of understanding), Bob, s. (a blow). (Le darb&t.
v_ 4<M fl a^ma' al kalb.
; (to cheat),^ >Xc
Bob, . <
Bluntness, xJL balddat.
Blur, . c. -- f. âyb.
Blush, *. <3Jr khajlat.
Bode, v. JjpJJ'
Boding, bodement, Jls/dZ.
Blush, v. J^ khejel. To cause to Bodiless, &&s>-\> bila jasad,

A.usV ffhayr mutajassid.
blush, J-s?~ khajjal.
Bodkin, . jj&?* makhraz.
Blushing, adj. ^S kliafldn.
Body, s. Juur>- jasad,
Blushingly, J^J^J bikol khajal.
Boar, jjx>- khanzlr (plur. ^jjLi.
khandzlr}. A wild boar, jji=i-
(plur. /Uu^-l ajsdm). The body

of the sun, ^ûJl,*^-^. A
body corporate, iLj^-a-.
The
Boar-spear, . iO^>- Aa-i.
human body appearing indistinct
Board, s. (plank), -.j! lawh (plur.

_ljll alicdK).
and black at a distance, _O

shabah (plur. j-^-il
Natural bodies. <^*-l
Board, v. (ceil or roof with boards),
ajsdm al tabitttt.
A. collective
body, -**- _/.

A great
body, j& *>-. To assemble
a body of troops, ^-M*C.^, *
Bearish,
Jihamirl,
haywanl; (brutal), &&&&> bila
thafaka.
Boast, s.
tafakhkhur.
jYwiar.
Every body,
j taliiha'.
Boast, v.
ioZ ahhad.
Boaster,
Boil, . j^c ffhala', ^jjuj talak.
< **
muftakhir.
Boil some eggs but do not let them

get hard,
(jm-.., j /.v?(i
tea /aim
Za tukhalllh yilas.
muftakhir.
Boasting,
ilj liiftikhar.
Boastingly,
Boat, *. (_JÛ kdrib, (_*J^ kayik,
t^j filuka,
sandal. How Boiled (cooked), _
much is the fare of the boat?

d alkurib.
masluk ; (as water),

mttffhll. Does the water
367
BON
boil?
lammul yaghlz.
BOO
halalma Bondmaid, bondwoman, S. ii.j^jariat, ^j\j>- jawiirl. See Slave.
Bondsman, ^Ls damin, ^j Itafll.

shadid,
Boisterous,
To behave Bone, s. #li= i:w, ,*lli
Boisterously,
boisterously, j^>- jabar.
Joint bones (of the heel),
Boisterouaness, i Jk-i shiddat,
Aaii ; (of the hands), u*x kaâx
(pi. j_/U^ ifl^Zjf) ; (of the back),
Bold, jy^T jtKiir, slsr-* shuja^,
jA\jj-~ kharat assuihr.
A
jarl ; (impudent),
haya.
Bold-faced. See Impudent.
Boldness, **)/ jara-at,
carious bone, <tj,

(plur. j^,, ft,,).
Boneless, *Uai(lv malaho
Bolster, . >;.>. mamad.

Bolt, t. (of a door, etc.), ,
dffbds, (jjLe. ghalak (plur. j;
aglda.lt).
Bolt v. (a door), t_
ramim
Bone-set, v. .Ji*!!^-^-jablar alâzm.

Bone-setter, s.j+s" mujabbir.
Bonnet, *. (J*y.Je tarbosh.
Bonny, ^-4^- Jamil.
Booby, . Jjl$J lahlal.
[albab. Book, <_;l^ kitub (pi.

i_gr*a'* maihaf (plur.
Bolter, S. Jby: ghirldl,

mind-hill.
Bolus, s. <u- habbi.
masdhif). The books of Moses,

j^j-;^ c^-i-^. The rabbinical
books (Old Testament), t_is~=h
Ljyi.
The book of God,
Bomb, S. ^K) kwnbara.

<iJJIt-jl^ ttit&b attah.
The most
Bombardier, S. ^>-j~+s kumbarji.

excellentbook, ijlk">ai.! li_--l^j ^ .
Bond, S. (for debt, etc.),
tamatfUK (plur. , t_-"
.(union), jlatrl ittihad,
ittif&k.
Bondage, JtJ /?" v' (pi. .
Bondman, s. &s- %a
iabd mamluk.
The books or psalms of David,

aszabur. An account-book,
da/tar. My book, .
Your book,
kitalak. His book, <*jli kitabahu.
The original or first copy of a
book, i_AS1 J-\ atl al kitab.
368
BOR
Book-keeper, s. <_r~jls'* muhdssib,

L ^ il...L UJ_C...t-. masik alhisab.
Bookbinder, jls".
[(fort's.
BOT
Borrow, t> . jUiJ istaâr,

istakrad.
Borrower, *.
Â -,-.
Bookish, *Lci_-J^ tefoi ^tlm,(juj\- jinunih.
A boot
Botanic, botanical, (JLi nabati.
maker, i_JlJL) sakkaf.

Botanist, s.
Boot (advantage),
XilJ fayidat.
nabut.
Botany, CjLJIjLC îlm annaldl.
Bootless, i'juliL bild fuyidiit.

Booty, . <U~di ghariimat (pi. *jlii
Botch, . (mark), i! J dagh.

ghanuyini).
Borax, jj^yj iwai.
Botchy, J-JJ^ mudanbil.
Border, s.Û^ kanar, ^~.\^ hashiat,
Both, K, UK (fern.
The border of a country, J.
Both the seas,
al kawnin.
l a? bahrln.
hadd (plur. 4>jA- hudud).
From both sides,
-_Jls-!(_
c_^:.->- yaS
(plur.
<-_>ji>-).
The
border of a garment or cloth,
Both worlds,
[shishe.
' ajjanibm.
Bottle, s. 4j\Jj~i sodayeh,
.L-iU- hashiat.
Borderer, *. jis'* muhaddid.
Bottom, ^_-g f.akb, j*H ka^r. The

bottom of hell, *i^-yo ka-.r
Bore, v. k_-<-> sakab.

Bored, t_j.xi. ,//.;.//'
jahannam.
Boreal, ^jJL^_i ihamall.
See
The bottom or keel
of a ship, \^-&,A\i^.*Jt& âkb
Northern.
Boreas, Ûjbl^JS âwa shamull.
al tnarkab ;
Borer, *. \_-*-.^ matkal.
(limits), Jx>- hadd.
Born, Ojlj* matelud.
Base-born,
Ijjjjj ,'/,? ztna.

Borne,
/?ar<.
mulahammal.
of
(a valley),
i^J^
wddi; (profundity), ^JLf ûmfc;

To the bot
tom (completely), LUj tamaman.

At the bottom, j*&\
bear,
,J^LiSL
Not to be borne,
J .KS-I ,-.: ffhayr mutahammal.
From top to bottom,

k_-JLx!l^n min arras ila' ahakb.
Bottomless, j|yi<lJt malaho karur.
369
BOW
BRA
[mushtara'.
Bow, . (bend), je âtety. To

make a bow or reverence, jJs^
Bought (part, of to buy), ^jjjixL*

Bounce, -. (noise), tjiijS ka.rka-.ah.
raka^, ,L> sallam ; (to sink under

pressure), *llr zalam.
Bough, *. ^j /rfc (plur.

furu%).
Bounce, v. (to make a noise), ^J> Bow-bent (crooked), -rf^ ageaf.

karka^.
Bowels (plur. \*s*\ am^d) ; tender
Bound, bounds, boundary, Jis- Jiadd.
ness, <&L& sJuifakat.
To fix the boundaries, JJ- Bowl,*. (jMulSs t&st, _jJi irtrfaA(plur.
haddad.
[muhaddad.
_\JJ\ akdati), (j*& ka, Îsxi
Bound, part, of bind, J.XS-*
finjAn.
Box, . J--^- ..""'".'-. Bring out
Bound (obliged), ^f~*~+ mamnun.
Bound v. (limit), JJk. haddad. To
be bounded, JAaf tahaddad.
Boundless, &U3 <t!L mdlaho nahayat,
Jta-ilL. malaho hadd.
Bounteous, bountiful,
.w^ karim.
Bountifully, bounteously,
these
things from
the box,
akharij hatih alhdjutmin atsandnk.
A small box, <uLc ptlbat. A snuff

box, Ssj*-jiCJx ûlbat su-ût. A box
tree, (j*Jb laks. A box or blow,
<uD latmat.
[tad&rabu.
A/^-o/ takMwat.
Box, . (fight with fists), ^Lii'
Bounty, bountifulncss, karam, Boxen (resembling or made of box
wood), t_5**J oaM.
Isr" sakha, ijls-1 sakhawat.
Boy, *. ^j~a sabi, ^jzi fata', jJj
Bonsy, ^~> >akrun.
tcalad.
Boy, is it morning ?
Bow, *. i>-^ âw. The rainbow,
j^Mj-lLjLAjJjl; yd wiiwi fat

_j5ww^5 A'a kazah. A saddle
talaâlfajir? Aservantboy,,jUl.
bow, (j*j> karlat (plur. û-j^
khadim. Boys, ^Jê subyan.
taralls. A bow for a fiddle or
other instrument, .-*.<',. A bow Boyishness, L-- uid.
used in dressing cotton, < :_\^ Brace, v. >X& cakad, lajj rabat.
mandaf. A bow-string, ^jj watar. Brace (tie), ijJLe j_Mirfa<. A brace
Bow, . (reverence), aj^ rak-*at ;
or pair, _.j)j MKJ;'.
[hammal&t.
(salutation), /*^L) salam.
Braces (for trowsers),
BRA
Bracelet, s.
Brackish,
_i suwar.
370
BEE
Bravery, <L=.Ls~J shajiiât; (magni
ficence), Jisj-1 ijlul.

Bravo, s. (assassin), L*jJlcJ\I~>
saffuk al dama, J_jLJ Jcatil.
iftakhar.
[takabbur.
Brag, s. ^-lL< mufakharat, ^J
Bravo (well done),
Bragging, part. J&Lx* mutabuhl.
Braid, v. (weave together), t_a laf. Brawn (the arm),
To braid hair,^**? <fo/<w.
Brawny, J-j*
Braid, *. ^j~> sherlt, ^j^~ kharj. Bray, c. (bruise), t^"" taltak. To
Brain, s. clJ dimugh. The mem
bray (as an ass, etc.), J^J
brane of the brain, cl.A^-J Bray, . (of an ass, etc.), fJ~J nahk.
Braycr, . (pounder), <_=>- L> sahik;
wrtwz n dimugh.
Brainless, c1.,, j'l'j it/a dimugh.
(as an ass), ^jyili n&hik.
Brake (preterite ofbreak),^*^ &uar. Brazen, ^wlacrnrtAds, l--jW'KflAu*f.
malih.
Bran, ÎLsr nukhalat.
Breach, . (aperture), _lii^ tftatah.

A breach of faith, J^xSljiXc gliadr
Branch, ,-^<-. ghasn, (plur. ^

agjtsan), c J ^<w^ (plur.
/wfl^). A branched candlestick, Bread, J-i. ttSz. Boy, bring
,r-jj^li yd walad
bread,
^Juwyi shamiadun. A branch
Unleavened bread,
of a river, JjJisf- jadteal (plur.
fatir. Leavened
(Jj!k\s>- jadutoit). A branch of a
bread,
khubt khamir.
family, i_ -ff'< nasal (plur. t_jLj 1
Coarse bread, jldri. khiuhidr,
ansub).
This is very good bread, \ii&
Brand s. (mark made by burning),
clj //,;_'//;. A fire-brand, J^*^jamrat.
[nahhas.
Awt ta-yeb. This bread is bad,
'"i
Brasier, . (worker in brass), (jwLsT1
^t) ij^s:' n JJS azd o? knubz radi.
Brass, ^W1 nahus.
Breadth, (_/=/; ârrf. According to
Brat, . Jit tifl.
the breadth, Ls^c Cardan,
Brave,
Break, v. .* kassar. The break of
(magnificent), *.!:
day,
To break
371
ERE
faith, A^'jAi yhadar nl-.aM,

y&\i*L-&j nakass al-.ttluL To
break an agreement, ,JiJ!i^"J
fasakh al-.alid. To break in upon
(assault), ^s^1 hajam. To break
(melt as frost), t_jjj tauncab.
To break out (become known),
BRI
produce),
trive),
up), ^
Breed, .
was?,
(species),
<ul.
[walidat.
Breeder, *. (prolific female),
Breeding (education), i.^3 tarbiyat,
asr assafra, Breeze,

Bring breakfast,
r^- jib futur.
Breakfast, v. \yL=Jû. Icasar assafrd.
Breast, . ,AJ <u?r (plur. i
sudur). A. -woman's breast,
The breast of a garment,
Jchalak ; (to conikhtara^; (to bring
-xJ naslm,
or
b lin/rii.
Breezy,
Brethren,
haway.
akftwun.
Brevet, <>ii_i_jl_j putenta.

Diploma, letters-patent.
See
Breviat, breviature,jLaii-l ikhtitar,

jHozJ??* mukhtasar.
Breath, UMJU nafat (plur. (Ûjl Brevity, jL&>-l ikhtitar.
nfdt),
tanaffus ; (life), Brew, . (beer), 1^ J^- _a;n<z7 izri-ei.
; 3- '".;>"> ! ; (an instant of time), Bribe, . *)~>j rashwat,
bartll.
AiLJj daMat.
To
draw breath, ^JC-' tanaffas.

Shortness of breath, lûJt^\(Jâ
&k annafas. A. breath of air,
,.-".'"iif, is^ me/hat.
Breathe, v. (_,^)' tana/fas. To
breathe odours, ^f^ nafah.
Breathing, . j_/j*jiiJ tanaffus.
Breathless, ^xiillc ^kiU maktu^
annafas.
[pantalon.
Breeches (or trowsers), ^yUa^'
Breed, f. (procreate), oJj undid ; (to
bartal. To take a
Bribe, .
bribe,
mubarBriber, .
rashieat. \karmid.
Bribery,
Brick, s. (for building),
Bridal, . (ûu^c ^M?"*.
Bride, *. \j*j- ^ttrus (plur.
The bride-chamber,
rirfa^ ajjalwat. The
bride's portion or presents sent by
the bridegroom to the bride,
tadak.
BRI
372
BRO
Bridegroom, *.
Bridge, *. jMff- /tir.
Bring, v. <?ls- y<iJ. To bring

The bridge
about (effect, make, do),
Carnal. To bring forth children,
of the nose, (~Ju)\ii~at.
Bridle, . /lx' hj'am (plur. ps:,
JuJj. To bring proof, c: *> .. .'1
-*-<:').
A bridle ornamented
asbat. To bring off (disengage),
with gold, etc.), c:-*-^ rakht.
^âlri. khaUas. To bring oflf (dis
Bridle, v. *j? lajam. To bridle the
suade), -i* waMaj,. To bring
passions, li~j dalttl, *&& kazam.
over (persuade), *-iJ Aad^. To
BriefiâJi lianr,j*&&* muktasar.
bring to an agreement, (J*j
icaffak.
Brief, *. (writing), \a~ khatt;
Bring,
imp.j*i~\ ahdir, t^j\Jt> hat,
(epitome), jl=tr;l i/az.
Briefly, \j*ar.&* muktasiran.

Briefness, jLnri-! ikhtisur.
Brink, *. i_jjjff taraf. The brink or

bank of a river, j { . \\i^jô
Brig, brigantine, <Jjf,jj\ ibrik.

Brigade, *. 1! liura.
taraf annahr.
Brisk (quick, spirited), \*LJ nuthit.
Brigadier, *. \Jj~* mlr litca.
Briskness (gaiety), tLJ naxhiit.
Brigand, ^^^p- hariiml.
-jS farah.
Bright, brilliant, ^1?- jail, j~~+
Brittle,
j~~&\J.:\j kabff attaktlr,
munlr, ^~* mudl, *_'_' lami^.
Brighten, c. (make bright),
Brittleness,
; (to mako gay),
sakab ;
(to be or grow bright), Broach, v. (pierce),
(to split), (_i shall ; (to utter or
publish), î! aMar,jo\ ashar,
Brightness, brilliancy, L diya.
%aTld, %-~*\) waste.,
Brilliant diamond, *.
almas. Broad,
~->~j fatlh. As broad as long,
~->~
ashthy.
Brim,
-.'-
-.. Broad and long,
mwntah,
Brimful,
mutnlu.
Brimfullness,
kibrlt.
Brimstone, c
Brine, -rll md
"~^--;
Broil, .
Cardan wa tftlan.
khtuumat (plur.
1:1 UK run dt).
Broil, t'. (grill), i
BRO
373
Broken (part, of break),

maktur,j^S^t munkasir. Broken-
BUB
Brown,
rf TrM Qswttr ; fern
samra. Brown sugar,

backed, J)$A+ mafkur. Broken
sukkar asmar.
off or asunder, r Us-... mvnkati-.. Brownness, jU~j samur.
Broken in pieces, tUj^L* maftut. Browse, . ^j ra^f.
Broken (violated),
Bruise, *.
</?.
[dak.
muntakid.
Bruise, . ,
sadam; (beat), ^J
Broker, *. J5J daial, jUu^-j samsar.
madkuk,
Bruised, (
A broker's hire, brokage, broker
m unlink.
age, iSiJ dtidlat. A female broker, Brumal,
sliatawl.
,~- - J dattalat.
Brush, *. <0 Li-j farshaye.
Bronze, j^lac" nahas.
Brutal (belonging to the brute
Brood, *. JuJ /KM/.
creation), tj\j- haywani,
Brook, . jÔfii nahr saghir.
bahlm.
*
Brook, r.^-rf *aiar, Jâf tahammal. Brutality, *llj gfoj.

Broom, *' ^-r mukunsat.
Brutally, Uils zulman.
Broth, ^'j-i shurla, te.* maraka. Brute, *. <U-f> lahlmat (plur. .^
Brother, . ^.1 aiA (plur. ,^^^1
bahayiin), ^y&~- haywun (plur.
akhwdn and .^>-l <'/'/( v//). The
CJvjlj..*. hayieanut). Man has
reason, a brute none,
father's brother, _c L_W. A
mother's brother, JUi- iAdJ. A
ili^-* ,; .Jll^ltJjLctt] a? intan laho
âkl amma albahimai fold.
brother in God, <LJJ1,JJ. A
brother-in-law (the sister's hus- Brutish (resembling a beast), ,Ji,
band),^frf shar. How is your
brother r <JJ^>- ' J 1*. c. 8..S ây/
mtW / bahlm.
^J')J^ mislalbahlmat
Bubble, . (a fraud)jjii g1utdr,L^

Aa? flAAfi/t ?
mikr. A bubble, bubbler or cheat,
Brotherhood, ---^^ akhawiyat.
Îc ghabin, ^ysXcL* /d tf'i/'i.
Brotherly (like or as a brother),
^liJjj^ti fi mamtaloi akhl.
Bubble, p. (cheat) ^^ ÂaA. To
bubble (blow as water from a
Brow, *. (the eye-brow) t-^p-Uhujib.
fountain), -
BUI
374
BUN
Bucket, i. jb dalu.
Buckle, . (a curling lock of hair),
buildings, aL;^..<ft . ; t\ abniyat

khayriat.
Built, .j^* ittSfl',j^jt^ iitii-.mfif.
Buckle, v. (to curl) is!j zalaf,
Bulb, . (ar bulbous root), (J-aj basal.
Buckler, . ^H/ tors.
Bulge, p. (to founder, as a ship),
Bud, . jj EOT. A rose-bud,

Bulk (magnitude), Lû-.
zar ward.
Bud, v. jjjfj sonar.
Budget, s. J\^- juwal.
Buff (buffalo leather),
y*W jdmus.
Buffalo, *. (or buffle),
Buffoon, . tjS?"* maskharah.
Bug, . (f.uJLwiJ fusfttsat,
''''/ r'/ hltan.
Bug-bear, *. JLi- Jchiy&l,
tahtvll (plur. (Jjj^J
Buggy (full of bugs),
jjj kadr. The bulk or mould of

the human body, jJ kad, cLlj
kamat.
Bulkiness, <LLu;>- jasumat.
Bulky, +t.......>- jun~/iii, i ^^ .i;^""*
jssz/ ajjitm.
Bull, *.jy ar (pl.^lj-J zrd),^\jj^ .
The constellation of the Bull,
j\j} bury atawr, The star
called Bull's-eye or Aldebaran,
^jjjJI addabaran.
pizzle, t^ iazf^.
A bull's
Bullet, . <dj> gulli.
Bugle, *. (or bugle-horn), ^ Ink.

Bullock, . (young bull) JJSE* gjl.
lisunassur. Bully, v.
tawaâd,
Build, v. j*s. Dammar, LJiJ
tahaddad.
(to depend on), <XCLC\ i^tamad, Bulrush, .
kasabe.
J'I attakal. He has built a Bulwark, . ^ iar;', <uljl ia/t/.
house on the bank of the river, Bump, s. nafkh, +j. waram.
Bunch, *. (of flowers), AsU bdica.
A bunch of grapes, JyLc ; '; ' ;' '':'.
Builder, t.jUji* murmur, IL bannu.
a_i_rfi^. A bunch of dates,
Building, . LJ oYna (plur. t~*^\
abniyat), ^LiJ bunyan. Public Bunch-backed, b~:jh.! ahdab.
r
\r~ ~~
" ' *^r
M shiitl anna.hr.
BUR
375
BUS
Bundle, . <<js Judge. A bundle of Burlesque, a. i-ar""* moskhorat.

wood, J**]- huxmat. A bundle Burn, v. jj^>- harak. To burn
with love, (jj+z êshek.
of grass, *jj=? jurzat.
Burner, a. ^jS."^ muhrik.
Bang, . J-^J Ji J" sidadat barmll. Burning, *. ,j]/>-l ihr&k.
Burnish, v. ^ji-s salad.
Bang-hole, . ^-.i^.* manfas.
Burnisher, . LJlJULa sakkul
Bungle, ,. y_i ghalat.
assilah.
[mashiiiL
Bungler, . JjJ>U-/aAj7.
Burnt,
jij^-s-*
mahrulc,
JjjcA*
Bnnglingly, J-=;-|jj bikoljahl.
Banter, *. (a low vulgar woman), Bursar, ,s. (treasurer of a college),
<L;jJi*!li1ju/>- Jthaznaddr al madrasat.
[See Market.
Buoy, J^JjUwi shamundara.
Bundle, p. *J- hazam.
Buoy, t>. (float), UJi<U-.(Jie,le Burse, . j^jV bazar, ^^ suit.

Bury, v. ..jJO dafan.
aj :.-;/;r' ,">//< alma.
Burden, . JA>- AwZ. Of equal Burying, s. ^J <?a/. A burying
ground, ^Jt makbara.
(tax), pi/*- kharuj. Free from Business, ,J*^) shughl (plnr. Jliil
ashc/hdl). Is your business now
burdens (untaxed), i_jljt< muûf.
completed?
^li^JJjtiiij'jJjS hal
A bearer of burdens, J\_>tarn shughlah alan ? He is exceed
Jifiniil. A court in caravanseras,
ingly active in that business,
inns, etc., where they load beasts
burden, JjJi* âdil. A burden
of burthen,
hammal; (to
To lay
unload a burden,
!iji wnzza/ aZ ^m?.
Burdensome, t_ôc- mutîb.
ho mujidjiddan fl zalik ashshughl.

Important business, f*j*\ amr
muhim. A necessary business,
<SLg-l -- hqjat (plur. sf^--\ -"*hawayf). A manager of busi
ness, (J-jSij .-((///. To appoint
Burgess, *. (burgher), jJJI^^-jl

Hm albalad.
Borial, ^jJJ dafn, JjLs^ j%nazat.

A. burial-place, ; -L-. matcbarat.
one to do business, ,jj tcafckal.

Public business, aj!L*^Jl
ashghul al mamldkat.
BUT
376
BY
Buss, t. x_.j bawsi. To buss, (jn\i Buxom (lively), {.^M/* mwkhin.

Bust, . JlirfJ timfal.
[bant. Buy, r. i_/<r-'^ ishtara' . "We will
buy some things, ^j*.' ,^-iJ U AJ
Bustard, s. cj^- hubri.
L-l! /'(//((7 nashtari batd ashya.
Bustle, *. tLc j_*yd, &s? Cajole.
Busy (employed), J^L< mashghul, Buyer, *. ,_^jl^ BnwAteri.
J*-i, mnshtaghil. To be busy Buying, . 1^-i! ithtira. Buying
(employed), (Jt'.Al ishtaghal.
and selling, Li^_._' iayc. K-U
But, ^Jj /"/(//(, Ll amma ; (except),
Atra. Buying on condition of
I'l ?to. There is no doubt but
transferring to the seller the debt
of a third person, <i]UJl_o
if ... C,''_N 'J Id shakka anna.
lay^ al kafulat.
Butcher, s. <_>Lcj kassab. The
Buzz,
v. (as flies, etc.), J.Jj waitcaz.
trade of a butcher, i_jLaii!Ul^
iar Z kassab. A butcher's shop, liuzz, buzzing, . Jijjjj^ waawazai.
C-jlîilôl^J dukkan al kassab.
By, 4 A cr* """> cr fc0"- Do
A butcher's knife, j_jtLj *d<flr.

Butcher, r. ^rj sabah, ^_^.n'^ kastab.
Butchery, JjJi katl.
Butt, . (at which marksmen shoot),
i JiJ> hadaf, ÛU ,iixhan; (a
barrel), J-.*^ larmll. *
Butt, r. (with the horns), ^ ,n> /,</..
you, go by land or water?

/I ^ Jar aw /I a/ lahr ? By
me, ^ji^ minni, ^c. ânnl. By
thee, ulxx* mil/ill,, L ^- itinnuL.
By, him, her, or it, <)Cw mino,
(fern. Li. minha, \-r
Butter, i^^-j am, iJjj tubdah.

Toast some bread, and butter it,
: A.1 ; <\ r.lr-^J->>. <Oîi^4J kammir
shuwayyat khubz wa hut âlieh
zuldah. A. butter or oil merchant,
^LLj sammun, Jlfij bakkal.
Butterfly, *. ^Lj bashshara.
Button, t. jj zarr (plur.jUj! azrdr).
Button, v. i \j\ zarzar.
Buttress, .
amud.
-.ii,-iiii.
By us, ll innd ILi

By you, *x^, minkont,
xe jffwiow. By (or near) the

river,^Bloiic ônrf annaAr. By
agreement, jjUi'ib. By heaven,
ailb, dill;, <L!. By chance, _'.<
Inu'l. By that which, Uj bima.
*
By force, l^r>- jabran. By all
means, .'.---!' al battah, 4-L*_s-L'
li'ljumht, iAflb bi'lkvlliyat.
377
CAD
CAL
Cadence (of verses or periods) ^j

C.
mi-tin alkalam.
Cadet (younger brother),

Caba or Kaba (temple of Mecca),
<LJI]\ t:!':n-J,n.
[daslsat.
Cabal, *. (private confederacy), <Uu-_jj

Cabalistic (occult), ^J^* mvkhfi.
Cadi, . (judge), .j-cU idrfl.

Caftun, *. (an eastern garment),
Îxu kaftan.
Cage, *. jâij Xv{/;.' s.
gahib
Caballer, *. ^LiJt-ô
Cajole, r. ^'vL. mallak, __.-- A; / :.'.
dagayit.
Cajoler, . L_g-LL mulatif,
Cabbage, <Lxsr lakhana,

malfuf.
Bring some cabbage,
cauliflowers, turnips, carrots, and
Caitiff, jljt* tharir.
encumbers, i_jyLL<O _^ <-^>-
Cake, . As^li Afi/a,
j\-:. S-^^g-.LÂj.k..;-.iy>j jib
ikuwayyat malfuf via karnablt,

wa lift wajaiar tea khiyur.
Bring bread,
sweetmeats, and
cakes,
wa halwiy&t wa k
Cabin (of a ship), ->-'^ kHmera ; (a Calamitous,
manhui.
cottage), + kokh.
Calamity,
Cabinet, *. (box, etc.) Jij Jc- sanduk ;

(a private apartment), Sj-1, . .<
khaltcat A cabinet council, ^^ J
j;_< diican ichd.
The secrets
mihnat.
Calash, . (carried by camels, etc.),
hawdaj.
Calcine, v.
kallas.
of the cabinet or of state,
Calculate, v. ^_- j- hasaab, JLC ta
...~-w+.' , turdr nl mamlakat.
Calculation, calcule, i__L_3- hisab.
Cabinet-maker, *. ^^" najjar.
Calculated, c_jj is" mahiub.
Cable, *. &*** ffhomana.
Calculator, s. k-^v~lsr* muhasib.

Calculus, .'.. (stone in the bladder),
Cackle, v. (as a fowl, etc.)

karat, <jii*> naknak.
Syo- haswat.
Caldron, n. ,_:- .'.'//, ^\j: kazan.
Cackle, . <UiAJ naknakah.

Cacophony,
Cadaverous,
lahn.
[mayyet.
Calendar, . (almanac), ^._> j
misl al
takwrm (plnr. *J .Ui' <ai-u!t>).
CAL
378
CAM
Aui-w. Obedient
(an order),
Calender, v. (smooth cloth, paper,
to a call,
-,.
etc.), JJLj> sakal.
Calender, *. (Muhammadan monk), Called, i_)jlli- matlul ; (named),
. jjj Calender.
musamma' ; (to be named),
Calenture, *. (fever peculiar to hot
j tasamma'.
climates), ,<*- humma'.
Calling, i_-Jlj talab. A calling
Calf, *. Jjs~ tijl (fern. aLs^ gjlat,
(profession), <<.T'.^ sanât.
plur.
Callous (insensible), (jay^s^j^cCalibre, jU.
ghayr mahsus, ^^>-\i bild hass.
Calico, ,Ui
Calm (placid), ^jbs Aarff, j-Jiij
Calif or Khalif, &-! Khalifat.
wadl^j, (not stormy), ,5*"^" sahl.
Caligraphy (beautiful writing), Calm (tranquillity), jJJ> ^(?.
i,j.'.uj- Az<sn (i? /.'.;'.
Calm, . i_/J>-a> hadda1, (jL* saJckan.
Call, v. j*> sarakh; (name,
Calmed, Ûj aiw,
gamma' ; (to invite), *j ^
Calmer, . i_~-vr
To call before a judge, *-J\j rafa^,
Calmly, ^yL^JJo foo? salcun.
ja*~\. To call together (con
Calmness, ifj\J>Ji haddtcat. Calm
voke), %-*&r jamai. To call
ness of mind, JU',i.LvA hadatcat
(proclaim), ^^> nada'. To call
al bal.
(visit), j\j zur. To call back to
Calumniate, c. $> t&ham.
life, La-\ akya. To call in ques
Calumniator, . *i>u tahim, UJ
tion (to doubt), ilXi thai:. To
nammdm.
[tuhmat.
call one in question (to interro
Calumny,
calumniation,
^ 4 f "
gate him), J'Ls saal. To call
to account for money, i.^jl&- Cambric, . dxi -^c Icatnbrlk.
hdsal. To call for help,
iitaân. To call to witness,
shahhad. Call the porters,
, jl.f V \ indah al hammalzn.
Call, . i_îi> talab,
demand),
Camel, *. (a he-camel), ^f^jamal;

(a she-camel), (LJLJ dia<. A
camel-driver, JLJij>- jammat.
Camel's hair, tL^-iiJ' â/ilzy!;.
Camelion,
.jiat^j barbakhtl.
(a
Cameleopard, *. tj\jj zttrufit.
379
CAN
CAN
suf, ,Jli>
maker, c. U-i shammd^. The wick
Camp, . i_J>, j\ordl. A royal camp,
of a candle, J-^J /afiZ (plur.

Jjlii fatdyit). Candle-snuffers,
Camelot, camlet,
shall.
i/^^^jj1 ordi mulukl.
To
pitch a camp, /^=- khayyam.

A trench round a camp, (.j~ass?
i' /-.'., fju^Jc^t matarts.
makrad. A candlestick,
shamâddn. Buy two
candlesticks for me,
Candour, (jaj*^- khalus, JJw) t<J,

Candy, 0. <J^L)^ Carnal mwrabba'.
A military campaign, ê~ safar,
Sugar-candy, CuLj^Lj sukkar
t_.y>- barb.
[barrl.
ndb&t. To candy (form into con
Campestral (belonging to fields) ,_y;j
gelations), <\*s>-jammad; (to grow
Camphor, ^j-sL kdfur. A camcongealed), Xc>- jirned.
1 phoratedwax candle), ^j^jioj-/*^ Cane, . & .n 'i kasabe. A cane or
sham^ kufurl.
walking-staff, Lie âd.
Can, .. ^.'- Teas, _-v; kadah.
Cane, r. Ludbi^J Aa/rdb biliOtd.
Campaign, s. (plain) ^\ JL* maydun.
Canaille, . Jlj;^ <w^^
Canister, s. J^-1 i za/tltt.

Canal, s. j\s.y) buyMi.
Cannibal, . (jwUll*k.)J^b(.^.
Canary-bird, *. &Jj kanuriya.
Cannon, . c-j^ top, _iwV* madfa^.
Cancel, f.
* mafia', *> nasakh.
A cannoneer, ,5^
Cancelling, cancellation, ys.^ mahu. Canon, . ^y'J kanun (pi.
Cancelled, L5a^ mumJii,
kawamit). i\\clJ! kuîdat (plur.
mahkuk.
Jkcljji kawdîd). To frame canons,
^y ui!'^jj .'-,-.'(/;', Z ianttw. A
Cancer, . (disease)^!!
akile ; (a crab), Îk^Li sal-âtun ;
(the celestial sign), iÛ^-" sartan.
Candid,
Candidate, s.
Candidly, J
Candle, t.
book of canons, ..,
abyad; (sincere), Canonical, ij

Cant (barbarous language), kJ_t
IL talib.
ghalat ; (auction), S\j* mazud ;
(hypocrisy), jiL makr, \j_j riyu.
-.at. A candle Canter, . jl
CAR
380
CAP
Canticle, . (hymn), -A-*O tasbih, Caper, *. (a- pickle), ,Ui kabbar.

To caper, ki w.
mazmur.
Canton, *. (tribe), <il~J kabllat ; (a Capital (chief),v_5Ltfl <w?l; (criminal),
parcel of land),yLe,
->:-\j wo//i alkattd.
Canton, v. **J kasiam.

Canvas (cloth),
Canvass (enquiry), u*~J3 taftish
Capital, s. (chief city), ZJaLJ^liJ

rfor assaltanat. A. capital stock,
JL-Jl(julj ras at mal, The

(solicitation), tÛs talab.
capital of a pillar,
Canvasser, s. tâs^ mutafahhis.
ru al ;//(!/'?.
tarbosh. A Moorish Capitation, *. (poll-tax), li^j
Cap, s.
cap, yMJjt (called by the Spaniards Capitulate, p. (surrender on con
Albornoz).
ditions), tiiîo *Lj sallam bishuru t
kudir ;
Capable, Jjli kabil,
Capitulation, 1? uJ *-L*J <Ztffi
(intelligent),
<_J,Lc
ârif.
Jt shurut.
Capable of business,^ Ju t-ô- u>
dik
Capon,
sahib tadblr. To be capable,jAi
Caprice, t_i^ kayf,
Mdtr.
Capricorn (sign of the zodiac),
Capableness capability,
^Jus^-yJ burj ajjudi.
kudrat, j
kabiliyat,
Captain, s. Ûa-j kaftan,
istiidad.
<^.^j^\ rayis al markab.
asi^, wJ /<wz7(,
Capacious, _.
captain general, l^lij^^l.
Capaciousness
~K
Caption, ^0^3 kald.

Capacity. SeeCapableness,capacious- Captious, ijojtM muitarid.
ness. The intellectual capacity, Captivate, v.jJ* asar.
& i,X*n J*sJl al kuteat almudrikat Captive, ^--^ alr.
A good capacity, iJVg/ muhurat; Captivity, ^yf- ^tbudiyat.
Capture, ijU gharat.
(state), -0^- hdlat.
Caparison, <-^-oj raklit.
Cape, . (headland), 4
rusjabal.
Car, s. tejZ. iaraba.

1, Carabine, *. &~J\ karablna.
kurawatt,
Caravan,
CAR
381
(plur. Ji\j3). The chief of a

caravan, î^^Vi^ kiirawun
bathi.
Carat, . \s\j Jnrat.

Caravansera, s. Ûi- /tA<I.
CAR
or ^j03tj>- hH rnjul
muhtaris or Aari*.
Carefully, lLLsj>-l ihtiytitan.
Carefulness, kl~-l ihtiyat, Lsjl.
Careless, (negligent), JjLc Âd/7,
Carbuneled (set with carbuncles),

Carelessly,
likol ihmal.
Carcass, *. &us>-jifat.
Carelessness,
ihmul,
Card, jyj \aardk. A card for
tagMful.
Careen, . (to stop leaks), kilj kalfat.
cotton, etc., _ls- mahlaj.
Career,
*. (race-ground), ^^Jw*
Card, p. (to card cotton),
C.
maydan (plur. ^jL^* mayddin) ;
i .'X nadaf.
(full speed), ^^î raM To spur
Cardamom, Jl^1i_-o- habb al Ml.
a horse to full career, jjLj sak.
Carded, i__jjc~ manduf,
mahlaj.
Caress, *. ji^J tamalluk. JFktterCarder, *. (of cotton), _iU- AaZ%'.
ing caresses, CÛLL* muldtafat.
n
Cardinal, ^^1 asll,
Caress, v. ^^L* mallak, <*Jtb1 Idtaf.
kardindl.
Cargo, . - jad,
Carman, s.
latirat; (caution), \s\~a-\ihtiyat, Carmine,
hasar; (anxiety),
idttrab; (regard),
J\~A\ i-^tibar, Cl>UsJ! iltif&t.
Care, v. or to be careful, IA
To care for (regard),^.^cl i^tabar.
To have a care (to be cautious),
ihtazar.
Careful (provident), Jjilc
(cautions),
of anxiety),
muntabih ; (full
He is a careful man,
mudtarib.
[nafsam.
Carnage,
jiumani, vJUuA-j
Carnal,
j backfill.
Carnality,
bikol shdhwat.
Carnally, ,
Carnation (colour),
unnubi.
Carnelian, CW
,i
Carneous (fleshy), *-s mulhim
Carnivorous, _jl^_s'
alicuhush ajjatoarih.
kharrub,
Carob, *. (plant),
kharnub,
CAR
382
CAS
Carousal, . <sj\~o diyafat, Ju* ^.d. Cartilage, . i_J.jic ghadruf. The

cartilage of the nose, ' ;-- *
Carouse, v. (drink), C-Jî.
Carpenter, s.j\sf najjiir. The trade
of a carpenter, xj^sf nijarat.
kasabat.
Cartilaginous, o^/tic ghadrufi,
Carpet, LUuj bisut, tt>,ft>^ tunfusat. Carve, v. (in stone, wood, etc.),
j nakath. To carve (meat),
A carpet on which they prostrate
i sharrah, ^Jaj katta^.
themselves at prayer,
mankush.
sajjadah. We want some small Carved,
nakkaih.
carpets, */_<JLsCj!jlsr>cyJjLc Carver, s.
âyzln Bajjad&t saghlrah.
Cascade,*
Carriage (of loads), <&y*a- humulat.

(conduct), J-*Ji Carnal. A car
-,f/' tcddi.
carrier, fc.jjÛ!JÛ- h&mil al
statement of a case in writing,

Jls'liâ surat al hal, jîs?*
Jli sAa/Za/.
riage (coach, cart, etc.),
Case, . (box), JyOc-o sanduk; (a
âraba, u.-^*, &~>)J* karossa.
sheath), <_ilc ghildf. A needleGet ready the carriage, t~ijjQ\j*i~
case, ^-".t maybarat. A case
haddir al karossa. A carriage in
(state of any matter), JU- hdl,
which women travel on camels,
j*\ amr. The ti-uth of the case,
JlsMitJLJLv. hakikat alhiil. Sup
etc., ^y>> hawdaj.
Carrier, .;, Jt^- hammal. A letterpose the case, Lj^s faradan. The
maktal.
Carrion,
lashat,
Carrot, jfi- jazar.

Cany, v. J^s- hamal; (to trans
port), Jju nakal. To carry or
behave one's-self. J*U Carnal.
To carry off or away,
To carry one's-self carelessly,
Jj\*j taghafal.
Cart, *'. <OjC âraba.
maMar.
Casement, . .o
[sha^riyeh.
Cash, jJii woirf (plur.

Cask, *. (barrel),
larmll. A
cask of wine, Ju-JiU l. kMliyat
nalld.
ûlbai,
Casket,
fcasât.
Cassia, (lig.) A V\\ ,.i
(fistu.'il), -xi lUfil. khiydrshanbar.
CAS
383
CAT
Cast, p. ^tj rama', -Je tarah. To Cat, *. \u kitt; (a she-cat), iLs

I,Ufa. This cat has large claws,
cast (condemn),
hakam. To
cast up,
hassab ; (to
vomit),
Mtafragh. To
cast away, -Jo tarah; (to be
wrecked), jjî ghirik. To casi
the eyes towards, JaJ nazar. To
cast (model), jyo sawtear. To
azuflr kabirah.
Catalogue, *. i^fj fahri&at.
Cataplasm, ,s. <Gq! labkha.

Catapulta, *. ^..-.jtVt manjanlk.
Cataract, s. J--) ayZ (plur. Jj-~>
wyuO.
cast the balance, ^~j ra/jjah.
Catarrh,
,l^ 2wia, ^p tz/.
Cast, *. ^*j raml. A cast or
Catastrophe, *. )b iaZd.
mould, i__-JlJ> k'l/i/i. A cast-away
Catch, o. C'C'"^ misek. To catch
(infideD.yli kafir.
(to be contagious), ,_jjic âda',
Castigate, *?.(punish),
Catch, *. (seizure),
(to correct), <_>3l addab,
(trick), ^--.Aj
Castigation (chastisement),
iazwlr ; (contagion), bj M!a}d. A
(emen
catch (hook), <O^Ji kallabe.
dation), -Lai islah.
Catcher, *. Û AaWrf.
Castle, *. LJj Jcaliot. The bastion
Catechise, . .J.<_-JI,lc âllam
of a castle, ixljiJ!,-^ Jwr/ a.^
attadlm
**.
kalâi. A strong or impregnable
Categorical, iJLi shaft. A cate
a
castle, c>,..3.^-craa~ hisnon hasln.
gorical answer, j-sLii-j!^.-,
A moat round 3 castle, (_û/^
, j_Lli't_)ljmatrat.
Castrate, . oâS. Ichasa'.
Catenarian, Ji>.l ,i.-.< mutatalsil.
Castrated, ^.as-* mukhsi.
Catenate, .jj^-yazar.
Cassation, La^.' t/i:A2.
Catenation, J-wuLj tasalsul,
Casual, JUj! ittif&kl.
Casually, 'LsliJl iftifukan. [diyat.
Caanalness, L^j\s.lLe sifat
Casualty, t. jUj| ittifak.
sahilat ;
(regular
connexion),
Cathartic (a cathartic medicine),

illHSII/l/ll'l.
384
CAU
CAU
Catholic (universal), ^j**Z ittmuml. Cause, .

A Roman Catholic, ^L-J^jL^
katoliki.
Catholieon, . (universal remedy),
-*y*.-\c. c.tluj ûmuml.
Cattle (of the larger kind),
haywdn (plur. CUL
,i-i~iiti~if>, .,JZt\yt mawdshl.
asbub),
or
i'ii'ii -.a/. The cause and effect,
a\. The particular cause,
... ,nt,nt, l-k/is The legal
f- -"i_ - ^^ ^ mujib
hay-
Cavalcade, s. t~f* mawkab.

Cavalier, . (horseman),
khayyal, (jwÛ fa.ru.
Cavalier (brave), jj\-?* mubariz ;
(haughty), j^^t mutakabbir.
Cavalierly, J&j Jij bikol takabbur.
Cavalry, J->- kJuiyl. The enemy's
cavalry attacked us, .-WÛ-..^jsJl khiy&lat alâdu iktahamunu.
Cave (cavern), XJ\M maghurat.
Caught, part, of Catch, i^ . ^
sabab (pi. c
/'_/s-; (a law-suit),
sharer.
The evident cause,

.. The material cause,
:?//!'/ muddiyat. To
carry on a cause at law, : ,
rafa^. "Without cause, t^-^-j^^j
ii7a mujib. "Why do you laugh
without cause? LLL^Ls-aj(-/*-J
-!__ -- /,.''/:// tadhak bila. sabab.
Cause (pretext), <U_c Billot,
taâllul.
Cause, ). J~ Carnal,
snbbab.
*c
To cause sorrow, J1
ahzan.
gham,
mamsuk.
j-j-* mujib.
Causal,
Caviare (salted eggs of sturgeon or Caused, JytL mafûl.
khubyar.
other fish),
Causeless, causelessly, t/.'/-'.; mujib.
(frivolous objection),
i^firad bilu Causeway, s. ^Jk) J? tarlk.
ma^na'. Caustic, J^*^* muhrik.
itarad Cauterize, v.
kaua'.
Cavil v.
Cautery, *. (or the mark made by
Cavity, .
it), ^ kay. Cauterizing instru
shabakat.
Caul, *. (small net),
ments, $\iLst
mikirut.
Cauliflower, . ''-^ karnabU.
j
Cauterized,
^-'-
muJeawoa'.
kalfat.
Caulk, v. (a ship)
CEL
385
CEN
Caution (prudence), bl~=-l ihtiydt, Celibacy, ^^'f- tiiiibiyat.

^-jjj tadbir, jj&~ hazar ; (secu Cell, . ^v_' .' i sattriyat, A-x-*j*o
rity), iSUi kafdlat, J-* kafll ;
s<nematat.
(warning), <LsUaj natihat.
Cement (glue), l^c Âflra ; (for build
Caution, v. ^" n<waA, jjo- hazzar.
ing), ^jJs fin; (union), jLacM

Cautioner, s. C~t*<> damin.
ittihdd.
[laham.
Cautious, tL.^-!t_î.Le sahib Cement, v. (unite), J-ej toasal, ,*s'
ihtiyat, jjc^sr* muhtazir, laJLx* Cemetery, ^-^* maiiara.
mutayaklnz. To be cautious, liLJ Cenotaph, j|j^ tnazdr.
tayakkaz, (jufa-\ ihtaras.
Cense, . ^-l/^ khardj.
Cantiously, LLia-l Jju likolihtiydt. Censer, s. (for incense), i^-sU
Cease, r. (leave off) j_îi- Jchaloi,
mabkharat.
î^J tera^, ijj faragJi.
Ceaseless (perpetual), ,*jtj dayim.
Cedar, . (tree), ij^-j sarwat.
Ceiling, i_cJJ-.- sakf, ^ja tawUn.
Censorious, *UJ nammam.

Censoriousness, ji- maldm.
Censurable, ** J tamlm(fem. '-*--..
j^
z?tw<iZ).
C(*r ^8M""Censure, *_ --7*" ta^ylb, (j3ta ta^n,
Celebrate, t. &* madah. To cele

brate a festival, JuL: âyyad.
Censure, . *^
\^' J wabbakh,' \*J zamm,
Celebrated, ,_^- maihhur, _.J^n
1*
j-on, !
w.
mamduh, ijj&yi mawsuf, ,*$>
Censured, /^1X mazmum.
_ TCensurer, . ^-".^- ivaioM.
Celebration (solemn performance or
remembrance), '_ ' **-v ;r -'' Census, ^_^^>j._i'j' jk.^' fa^ddd anin'j'iiK.
\_lil mdyat.
sharif; (praise), r^, madh, A*^
v_
Kamd; (celebrity),jlî 1 ishtihdr, Cent, <uL mdyat. Per cent. LLJlj

Centipede, . (poisonous insect),
L&z taiamat.
î.*ij\*&juj\ \ umm arbaât
Celerity, ic^-j turât.
ion Grbifcin.
Celery, . \j* karafs.
Celestial, ^.-.'^*_ gamdtel, iX-^-i Centre, . j^- marTaxt, \o~>j wasat.
/'''-. The celestial inhabitants,
The centre of a circle, j-$j*
-*._' ^j-' .'/;/ astamd.
ij>\ jJl markaz al ddyrat.
CER
386
CHA
Central, centrally, centric, \z~if~* Certificate, s. jlî> shahddat.

shehed (vul.)
Certify, .
mutaieassit.
muhakkak. To be
Certified,
(j
Gentry or sentry, yUll algJuifar.
takarrar.
certified,
Centuple, t_l*j!il mayat adâf.
îlm alyakln.
jll, Certitude,
dahr,
Century, *.
See Certainty.
^Js karn,
ograi samawl.
Cerulean,
Cephalic (curing a head-ache),
tJi!!,_$yL mukawwl aldimagh. Ceruse, _l.X
Cess (cessment),
Cere-cloth, *--J- mushammat.
." mahsul.
Ceremony, t-jLK; takhf. Eeligious
talcs al Cessation, i_j5iy tawakkuf,
ceremones,
inkita.%.
mahlat,
manasik
kanlsat,
Cession, ^..LuJ tasllm,
tafwld.
al kanlsat.
Chafe, . (warm),
Ceremonial, JUi*-! ihtifall.
Ceremonious, c^Julxi i__-.-u sahib
Chaff, ^ tiln.
takallufat. Ceremoniously,
cowoj iossar.
mankal.
huzn,
*i Â.
ma^lum, **,?" sahlh, <f\) wadih. Chagrin,
hazsan, *i ffham.
A certain person, (jilj falan. Chagrin, v.
^\-> silrilat
Certain intelligence, ^.st'j^. Chain, *
saldsit).
(plur.
khabar sahlh. It is certain
sanjar.
Chain,
v
k/c1* sahlh
that ....
mujan&ar. To be
Chained,
inwhu. For certain, JU
*i
"
tajanzar.
chained,
n' attahklk, >5S<V tdhklkan.
ursZ.
Bring a chair,
Chair, s.
Certainly, (j^
kwrsl.
lashak,
hakkan,
ûîj rayis
Chairman, s.
al majlu.
altahklk.
araba.
Chaise, s.
Certainty, ^.Â>. yakln,
JUi.| bikolihtifal.
Certain, (}&* muhakkak,
sahhdt.
Chaffer, v. ,\j()
Chafing-dish,
CHA
387
Chalky, ^y-^lj tabdshlri.

Challenge, v. (to fight a general
battle), i_j^la- hurab.
Challenge, t. 5cO daw<,at.
Challenger, *. ^si* mudda^l.
Chamber, <!UJjl auda. The chamber
of justice, <C,A C.g* mahkamat.
CHA
Change, 8.j~Jii tagJiylr, Jjj badal.

Change of constitution, JLî-1
J^tJI ikhtilalalmizaj. A change
(succession), <Jj5L>- khilafat.
Change, v. Jjo badal, ^Xc ghayyar ;
(to be changed), ^^Jotj taghayyar.
To change clothes, Jjui' tabaddal.
To change appearance, CJ^-j-itj
(JJjâ taghayyarat suratahu. To
change one's mind, ipLs^JLi
ghayyarfikrahu.
The treasury chamber, <Lj\khaznat. The chamber of the

archives, <ilri.^jj da/for Ha.
Chamberlain, *. t^-^-U- hajib (pi.
*tLsf" JatjjaH).
kabilattaghChamelion, s. tj\)f>- hurbuye.
ylr; (inconstant),
Chamomile, ^"jju bubunaj.
mCifahu sabat.
[asiabHt.
Champ, v.
Changeableness, L
Champaign (open flat country), \Js!a Changed, j^Jc^t mutaghayyir.
akra. An extensive champaign, Changer, . (of money), (_JlJ-o
__; ' . J J-- .<;. /,';-' ifii :,!;.
tarrttf.
Champion, *. fLs-1 tkujai, jj\~* Channel, . (Jjja tarlk; (of a river,
mubari*.
etc.), ijf/s^ majra' ; (a frith or
Chance (fortune), (j^-îr bakhf,
strait of the sea), jUy buyhaz.
*3J ,:><:'/,; (accident), jUJl Chant, v. ^îi ghmna'. See, To sing.
ittifak,
'rf; (possibility), Chaos, î hiyula.
iktimul. Chap, s. (fissure), ^î AM\ A chap
By chance, LsUJl MifaJcan.
man (purchaser), uf/^ inuxldarl.
hadas. Chap, . /
Chancellor, , _kantilyer. Chapa (fissures),
Chancery, *. (chief court of justice),
(jaws, mouth), /
ii kansluriat.
Chandelier, i. ^
Chandler, . Ûi
shaniiadan.
Chapel, *. (place of worship)

kapella,
ma^bad.
Chaplet, s. (a rosary) <tÛu,, maibaha.
CHA
388
CHA
Charitable (liberal to the poor),

Chapman, *. ,_j-rÎ~ mnslitan.
alfakara.
Chapt (chapped) j &* mashkuk,
jitLiL* mnflu I;.
Charitableness, <JjJu sadakat.
Chapter, . t_jlj lal (plur. <--i\j}\ Charitably, A-^s-^jJij bikol muhabbat.
Charles's-wain, jjljcJltubj bantit
abuab), J*ii fasl (plur.
Character (mark), u_J^- Aar/,
Charm, . (amulet), JjL*- hamayil;
//!/7, jjli! isharat, <2afij ttukhtf ;
(enchantment),^"1 sihr ; (allure
(quality), t_icj W<M/; (reputa
ment), 4--jJj>-yazo.
tion), Xj$2> shuhrat, J-^s-^J. Charm, v. (bewitch), jS.-* sahar ;
A public character or office),
(to please highly), kua basat,
i_i -" mansab (plur. e-^-sl-^*
man&sib).
[wasaf. Charmed, \^_f^ masrur.
Characterize, v. (describe) c_a-t Charmer, s. (enchanter), j^-\>
Characteristic, ^J>*>j tcasft.
s&Ur; (a beloved object), c-j^c
Charcoal, *s? fdhm.
mahbub.
Charge (custody), i-kslsr^ muhd- Charmingly (delightfully), 1*
f&at, 4~i\j&- hirusat ; (mandate),
l-uiilj tikol haz wu inshirah.
j*\ amr (plur. j^ji awamir) ; Charnel-house, j*i kabr.
(office), c-<ai* mansab; (agency), Chart, *. <d:j\ji. kharta. See Map.
u^jwakalat; (accusation), iiliLi Charter, . .v.'.-: sanad.
thakdyat; (expense), rf*- khaty; Chartered, Jj^ mukatcal.
(an attack), ,**^^ hujum.
Chase, .-.-. (hunting), ^~ sayid.
Charge, v. (commission), ,jj wakkal; Chase, v. JtJLaj tasayyad. \_hazim.
(to impose a task or burden) , J-L>- Chased (put to flight) j~ munhammal; (to command), , ( a- Chaste, c?.>6f. i"_/ ;./! A chaste
woman, <UiJLf. -.I'f/J'ii/.
luikani ; (to attack), *s^ hajam.
Chasten, or chastise, v. k_ôli -,<T!>-:;..
Chargeable (coatly), ^\& ghali.
Chariot, s. 
(alms), Ajdu0 sadakat.
CHE
389
CHI
Chastity, chasteness, <uLc g/fat.

Chastely, iic Jj bikol *iffat.
Chemical (belonging to chemistry),
Chat (or chit-chat), JJ-J Tell

Cheap,
rakhls.
[tea kull.
Cheapen, v.
sawam. [rakhls.
Cheaply,
bitaman
Cheapness,
Cheat, . (fraud), <JLs- Aiiz<,
/'.-.<//. A cheat or cheater,
Cherish, v. (protect), ^5^=^ hama' ;
ghadd&r, ^LLe yhashshdsh.

Cheat, t>. jiXi ghadar,
Cheated, j_/l_yljt< maghshuih.
Check, v. (repress),
Checked (curbed),
(reprehended),
Checkmate (at chess),
(to caress), ^^L* mallak.

Cherishment, iLj. himAyat.
Cherry, . (jnj> karat.
Chersonese, *. Sj)j>-jazlrah.
Cherub, cherubim, the cherub angels,
j-JjyKJliJoll! al malaykat al
karublm.
Chess, f^jG"! tatranj.
Chest, s.
J^- sanduk.
Chestnut, *. a.xr.u.S' kastana.
Chew, v.
madagh,
Chicane, chicanery, <LLsChick, *. or chicken, -r)j> farruj
(plur. gC;^ fararij).

Chide, e. (reprove), -i^ walbakh.
_
Cheek, .-. Jc^ khadd. The two Chief,
mukaddam,
asli.
cheeks, J._v=- khudvd.
The chief part (of anything) J^t
Cheer (gaiety), lj*** manorrat.
<w^.
[khwtsUsan.
Cheerful, j)j"*+ matrilr, t>
Chiefly, LJLc ghaliban, "Laj^î.
mabfut, ^-ji fa/rhan.
Child, . jJj M?/^ (pi. Jij] awlad).
Cheerfully, j)j~>^j bikol surur
A sucking-child, j_.J^,Jit tifl
Cheerfulness, j)j** surur,
radii.
_ lû\ ibtihaj, -jifarah.
Cheese, c;rj>- /wi.
Cheesemonger, . jyl^- jabb&n.
Chemistry, L*..iilLi îlm alklmia.
Chemist, . \ .+ .<]..< muâlltm
ktmii.
Childhood, ^-Iît tufuliyat, L* *o*a.

Childish, Jkb batil. Childishness,
Chill, chilly, J,b
Chill, chillness, chilliness,
bwudat.
IS
390
CHO
Chimera, . *toi wahm,
khiyal batil.
Chimerical,
wahml, JL\J batil.
CIC
chorus.
Chosen, k_ôUi.* muntakhab. See
Chorus of singers,
Select.
Chimney, *. <Li.j^ madkhanat.
Christ,
Chin, . (of a man),
Christen, v. J^c âmmad.
(of a woman), <UuJir.
See
Baptize.
China (empire), lir-3ll
Christendom, <L , .<\ ,. ...-*] 1 (J-S-1 L^] 1
fo&ztf a5 ; (porcelain),
almamalik almasihiyat.
Chine, s.^lilVj^ri. kharaz a&ahr.
Christian, *.
Chink, . <_. A.
Christianity,
Chintz, iJ^- cA.
al masihl.
Chip, v. >J
* .3 faram.
* *
Christmas, jL^^J^ -,1<1 al mllad.
Chirography, iXila>- AW yadd.
Chronicle, f^J^ tarikh (pi. /f^Ljty
Chiromancy (fortune-telling by in
tawarlkh).
specting the hand), Ju!!*Lc îlm
Chronicler, . +jy muwarrikh.
alyad.
Chronological (belonging to chro
Choice, . c_l=Cli! intikhab.

Choiceness, i_aU lutf, Jî /flrf^.
Choke, v. (suffocate), JH^ khanak ;
nology), L_5^Cyi^J tdrlkhi.

Chronologically
(in chronological
order), cri*J\^:jljL_^s-
c /"' mujib fiTnl-fi assinln.
(to obstruct),
Choler (bile), \jLe safrU ; (anger),
Chronologist, *.
mutoarrith.
',_ <"* ghadab.

Choleric (irascible), <-->ya r ghadub.
Chronology, fT_
*^c îl
Choose, v. j\-z?.\ ikhtar,
Chrysolite, .
attakhaz, t>i.\j! intakhab,

nakka'.
Chop,
JJL) badal, Jjj
(to change),
Chopping-knife, .j
Chorogruphy (description of coun
tries),
attuw&rlkh.
Church, s.
kanayis"),
1.] zabarjad.
kmnsnt (pi.
baytat.
Church-man, . laclj traûs.

Church-yard, . ^Jt* makbarat.
Churlish, j_A*-j wahsh.
Chyle,
Cicatrice, cicatrix,
CIR
Cimeter, . i, B..,- tayf.
Cincture (belt, sash, girdle, etc.)
4iri'-f mantakat, j\J \ zunnar.
Cinder, *. oUj ramad.
Cinnabar, *j&=f?j sanjifrah.
Cinnamon, ijji kirfah.
Cipher, *. (in arithmetic), jLa sifr
(an occult manner of writing)
391
CIR
Circumfluent, L-ar* muhit.

Circumfuse, v.^j\ intashar.
Circumgyration, <_JljL tawaf.
Circumjacent, JÎU muttasil, i__-jy
Circumlocution, *;Le
Circumscribe, JAs- haddad.
Circumspect, jJJ^ mudabbir,
muntabih.
Circle, . ji^j dayrat. The centre Circumspection, LL.jj>-l ihtiyat,
^-JdJ tadblr, &\*zj\ intibah.
of a circle,
addayrat. A mathematical circle, Circumspectly, iLûlJ^Lj bikol
intibah.
mustadir.
Circumstance,
<S-i-^ kayflat, *_:_'i^
Circled, jj+ mudawwar.
i ramz (plur. \y> rumuz].
Circuit, i. tj)\3 dayrat. A. circle o)

country, Jlj*- hawali.
Circnlar, jjX< mudawwar, J
mustadir. A. circular line,
jjjb ,'7'f(.'.' mudatctear.
haklkat ; (something relative or

dependant), ^x^, mutaâllik;
(condition), t^Ji short, *l
Circumstantial (accidental),
ittifuki, â< Lc L&ridi.
Circularity, a circular form,

^^jJ shakl dw&rl.
Circukte, .^yj dawwar.
Circulation, j^J ;
Circumstantially (exactly),
bikol diktat ; (accidentally),
ittifakan; (fully), L'ru- mufat-
(of the blood),

salan.
yy'_j*i dataaran.
\mudawwa/r.
Circumambient, k.^^ iA, jjjt<
Circumcise, . (jî. Ihatan.
]!ircumvallate, v.j\&- haiar.

jircumvallation, iiêLs^ muhdtarat.
Circumvention, jAi ghadr,
Circamciaed, ^f^sf* makhtun. To

be circumcised, ^priJ ikhtatan.
Cireumcision, ili. khitanat.
Circumference, iyjj d&yrat.
Circumventer, a. Jlisr*
Circus, . (an open area for sports),
392
CLA
CLE
i^.j^> sahry.
Citadel, . <uLs kdl-.
Iwkat, Clang, clangour (of a trumpet, etc.),

.Jiî saflr.
[tanlanat.
Clank (of chains, etc.), * - U . U
Citation (summons),
Clap, . (of thunder, etc.),
Cistern, .
haivil.
total.
Cite, r. -a*Ll istahdar.
Citizen, ^'^.-'1 in /<"/"</.
City, *. iJJJiX* madinat (plur.
mudwi}.
Civet, obj sabad,
Civil, polite, civilized, c^
Clarification, K...ft.aJ' tasfiyat.

Clarify, . ^î* gaffa'.
Clarion, . j.j /"//.
Clash, v. (dash against), /*
taadam, (jOjiu taârrad.
Clash, clashing (dashing), .
;/</A mink.
; /.-/.,
Civil or political affairs,
''*-! Jill i .^ uuiflr addatclat.
tasadum ; (opposition),
mv.Ttha.lafat.
\tabakat.
Class, . *^_- /;,>;.'-.-, c ,j ;/(/:;.. <ULt.

Civility, cL^L> Zui, <_?jl adab,
Classical author, .
Civilize, .
Civilized,
murabba'.
Civilly,
Claim, .
addab.
mmddab,
muwallif mu^tabar.
Clatter, lUiyi /.',/.;..
Clause, . L-^-i. f///v.
/</.
Claw, . t-jli" mukhldb.

Clay, lirt .
Claim, v.
Clean, Xileanly, y*ll? tahir,
j^H /dyz'A- attalab.
Claimable,
n8t/, ^jftj nail.
Claimant, claimer, *.
Cleanliness, A-iUaJ ruaafat,
Clamor, _L^ siydh,
sayhal.
nakawvt. .^.'.-L- taharat.
Clamor, v. _Us &h.
[kabayil. Clear (transparent), uJU-i nhaffaf;
Clan, . t.L.'i kabllat (plur.
(bright, light, shining), ...
munir, _-' A; .v\ , -i . A clear
Clandestine, (_J-A-^- W/J
mukhfi, jf*** mattHr.
Clandestinely, l^-j tirran. Clan
destinely and openly, <Uilcj ^
t'rro "'/ âlaniyatan.
**!"*
sky, ^j^-Lelys Aatod *aAi ; (evi

dent), (i^-' wwiJn, ^*lj w&dih.
A clear proof, As-^ljA-^ Ajy'<i<
wSdihat; (unmixed), .>_v'~ ".
393
CLI
CLO
(safe from danger), *JL> lalim ; Clinical (confined to bed),

&Ja^\> amnil bilfarskat.
(bright), jy* munwir ; (evident),
^ - zahir.
Clear, entirely, adv.
1'Ui. l.Uj
Clink, v. 0^ <an, Ot^-^ tantan.

Clip, c. jJii /M/ii-,.
Cloak, . ^M"* mathlah.

tamaman tea kamalan.
Clear, p. (absolve) (is ta/a' ; (to Cloak, v.
i~> satar.
justify), jji larrar ; (to cleanse), Clock, .

*:(/. An alarm
clock, <Ux* munabbih. A clockw_s-R-^ o$j'. To clear (gain),
>_ .,6 keieb, *^j rebeh.
* .. *Clearly, lyku? sahiran.

Clearness, (JJjj rawnak, Lj diya ;
(distinctness), j Lx< \ imtiyuz.
Cleave, <t>. (split), ^jî shak,
maker, (JilcL) stiiatl.

Clog, *. (obstruction), -il< 11111,11 .
-X~:
*'(/(/(/.
Clog, v. j_^ manOi,

Clogged, c y-4.
[gatur. Close, 0. (shut), (_Le ghalak, JL^

falak.
.w<W ; (to conclude), *^J tammam,
Cleaver, *. (chopping-knifc,
( ':. i : . . ,^J_ . ,-;///-, j,jLl, mashkuk.
,fj>. khatam ; (to inclose),^ sar.
To close or unite fractures, etc.
Cleft, . ^ *Ai, ^jfulk.
d*>j tcasal, r^- jdbbar. To
Clemency, <^<>-j rahmat, <U^-^
close
with (come to an agree
.:>.' :<-:'f, <Uxî thafakat.
ment), Lyi sharat.
Clement, *rl- halun, c^~-i thaflk.
Close (shut), jjii* ia#A/ui ; (near),
Clerk, . ^.-Jl^ iaiiJ.
.-Ojji //-, 7/j ; (private), (joliClever, jt Li ehatir.
Cleverly, AjUai^Jio likol shaturat.
Cleverness, ijlki shatarat.
Cliff, . îr0 takhrat (plur.
(compact), ^.^.i^ matin ;

(joined), ^êyt mawsul; (oc
cult), .jis'* mukhjl ; (attentive),
jSJc** mutafakkir.
Close, . (pause), clksjl .'/;>'. : ;

Climate, clime, , _L man&lch.
Climb, c. Juttf t<i -.ml. To climb a
(conclusion), <UJli- JcMtimat.
Closed, i^Juu^* muHtliid.
wall, i^tJjiu taârbaih.
Clinch, r. (the fist), i
yaddaho.
Closely (near), c-^-j^j /torzi ;

(secretly), LJ **rran.
CLA
392
CLE
burkat, Clang, clangour (of a trumpet, etc.),

saflr.
[tantatwt.
Clank (of chains, etc.), & : Vi '. U
Citadel, *.
kaliat.
Citation (summons), i^^lL lulu.li.
Clap, . (of thunder, etc.), Acj ra^d.
Cistern, .
hated,
Cite, v.j*i&\~>\ istahdar.
Clarification, tLjtaj tasfiyat.
Citizen, dJj^l ibn balad.
Clarify, v. ^Lo saffa1.
City, *. &*)&* madinat (plur. ^mudun).

Civet, jb; zabdd, C^*** misk.
Civil, polite, civilized, C
suhib ittluk,
adab. Civil or political affairs,
unntr addatolat.
Civility,
Clarion, *. jy luk.
Clash, c. (dash against), y*
tatddam, yfi/0' taârrad.
Clash, clashing (dashing), . ,*
taxudum ; (opposition),
mukhalafat.
\_tdbakat.
Class, . *AUJ) /v'.v///, c J /((("-, .^--- .
Classical author, . ^-îcoc Iy

Civilize, f. >5\ addab.
Civilized, t t>* muaddab,
mutoalUf mttitabar.
Clatter, tU^j ka-rkaâ.
Clause, s. 1^1 A<w<.
Claw, s. (-.As-* mukMdb.

Civilly, tJLJ Jj WM
Claim, . L-jy^ da^tca'
Clay, {,ê tin.
Claim, . t-JJ? talab.
Clean, cleanly, ybll? tahir,
jS luyik attalab.
if, (Jij naki.
Claimable,
Claimant, claimer,*. ^-&* mudda^l. Cleanliness, -t tl U ; naeafat,
Clamor, --l~e yaA, <SÛtf sayhat.
Clamor, v. ,-Lo A.
Clan, s. iLL-Ji kabllat (plur.
Clandestine,
mukhfi,
Clandestinely, *^-j sirran. Clan" U
^l"
destinely and openly, ^ <Ui*j
i^->
tirran tea âlaniyatan.
nakawat, ^jl^S; taharat.

Clear (transparent), i_ilLi shaffif;
(bright, light, shining), ^...v t
munlr,
l&mi,
A clear
sky, ^jS-Lalys hatca sdhi ; (evi
dent), tj*** rrndtin, ^"\j w&dih.
A clear proof, ifc-^ljA-^ hijjat
w&dihat; (unmixed), n Jl-s srida ;
CLI
393
CLO
(safe from danger), *JL salim ; Clinical (confined to bed), (j*>.j*

<wi.illj in/trill bilfanhat.
(bright),jy^* muntair ; (evident),
j_aLJs zahir.
Clink, w. . .-? ^"/', t^'-V tantan.
Clear, entirely, adv. -ItJ. LUj Clip, *. ,_iii ku/it-..
tamaman wa kamalan.
Cloak, . f-^* maMah.
Clear, a. (absolve) ^Ja iofa' ; (to Cloak, v. ^^>- khafa\jî satar.
justify), jjj barrar ; (to cleanse), Clock, s . AeLi *;. An alarm
clock, <Ui^ munabbih. A clock(_jL<fl soffit'. To clear (gain),
,_ -^ Jceteb, ^ ? . rebeh.
maker ^_..4 L WJ fitt c.idtl .
Clearly,
Clog, *. (obstruction),
Clearness, (JJjj rawnak, Lo rft
Juj ,v(/r/'.
Clog, ?'. ^J- Mflllftc,
(distinctness), jLx*I imtiyuz.
Clogged, t j~*
Cleave, v. (split), Ji_i shak, j
ghalak,
falat.
[satur. Close, . (shut),
sadd
;
(to
conclude),
*-J
tammam,
Cleaver, . (chopping-knife,
+^>- khatam ; (to inclose),^* r.
Cleft, |Jji-S- mafluk, ^yi
uk.
To close or unite fractures, etc.
Cleft, *. J^
Joj wasal, jfpf jailor. To
Clemency, <**&-, rahmat,
close with (come to an agree
marhanwt, &A&J* ihafakat.
ment), Lî sharat.
Clement, *-=- Judlm, <_>-i shafiL
Close (shut), ^^JL+maghluk; (near),
Clerk, . w^'
i_ÔjJ! karlb ; (private), ôUiClever, jlr Li
Âa
; (compact), {j^ matin ;
Cleverly, Ûii^Jij 4t'oZ shatarat.
Cleverness, ijUii shatarat.
Cliff, s. SjSf" sakhrat (plnr.
(joined), i^j*y* mawsul; (oc

cult), IJ^1 mukhjl ; (attentive),
SJG^t mutafakkir.
Close, *. (pause), clkiil inkita^;

Climate, clime, , _iL- man&kh.
(conclusion), <Ljli. lhatimat.
Climb, r. Oous saâd. To climb a
Closed, JjJuux* masdud.
wall, (JJj*J taârlash.
Closely (near), i_J
Clinch, . (the fist), J
(secretly), î
^-> sirran.
CLO
394
COA
Closeness (narrowness), &&~a dlkat. Club, . (stick), Lie

Closet, *. jLl. Tihalwat.
Cluck, v. (as a hen)
Clot, v. iX*j>- jammad. Clotted, Clumsy, *~u*f ghashim.
>X*bSX* mttnjamid.
Cloth, f>- jzkh, (JlUS
kukat.
Cluster of grapes, s. 4.La.-^-. khatlat.

To cluster (collect
together),
Mam. A saddle-cloth,
_*>bardaât. A cloth wrapped round Clutch,

the middle when bathing,
Clutch, . (to grasp), ^â-J kdbad.
/l*- futat hammam.
Clutter, *. Le^c ghawgha, ^-lj-walwalat, LLi îyat.

Clothe, v. ^JU^ lallas. To clothe
Clyster, . I'.jJJi*- kuknat (plur. ,..
one's-self, {j^J talallas.
Clothes, t_-'^jJl osteal.
hukan). To give a clyster, u
Cloud, *. ++ i/l a i/HI, (Lls-* sahalat
(plur. t.jlsr' sahdl). A cloud
hakan.
To receive a clyster,
inhakan.
.ardba.
of people, j
jam^ Tcaslr. Coach, *.
Coaction, 'ijtje darurat,
jabr,
See Multitude, crowd.
Cloud, v. *jLc yliiii/t/iiiii. See To j\â\ idttrar.
Coadjutant,
tnutaâwin. A.
obscure, darken, grow dark.
coadjutor,
raflk, uLJj^Cloudiness, <ui^ eulmat. See Dark
shank
(fern.
i Aarl>brf, pi.
ness, obscurity.
lî
shuraM).
Cloudy, *jot* mughayyim.
Coagulate, u.
jumid. Coagu
Clove, . Jii/ kurunful.
lated,
munjamid. Coagu
Clove-gilliflower, *. Jiii^
lation,
injimad,
Cloven, jjjJL& - mashkuk,
tajmid.
mafluJi, (J^-' t munshak.
Coal (charcoal), +&? fahm.
Clout, . A^) rwAâ^, ii^l- TihirTcat. Coalesce, v. jjjl /assa/t.
Clout, p. (mend with patches)
Coalescence, coalition, jliJ\ ittifak,

\sL-\ ikhtilat, ^2*\ imtit&j,
Clown, *. _li fall&h.

Cloy, c.
\**3J\ indimam.
Coarse, LJ kaba, lili ghafa.
395
COH
Coarsely,
j liikul ghalazat.
i gJuddzat.
sdhil (plur.
ncdhil.}
Coat,*.
surtmi (French).
Coax, v.
/'<'"/, jd- mallak.
Coaxer, .
mumattik.
surmayatl.
Cobbler, *.
Cobweb, . Cl?j. \'.f, \\^^ nay
alânkabut.
Cochineal, J^j
Cock, . LlX> J
Cocoons, Jj X-2, ,- iJ^ _i sharanik.
Cocoa nut,
Code, .
Co-equal, y^
Coherence, cohesion, <.uLrL. mulasakat, J>>i>

Coherent, (J^ mulhak.
Coherently, JLa_J'i!\._L_c
Coarseness,
Coast,
Cod, *. (pod),
COL
kharnub.
oA-
Cohort, *.
Coin, ajL> fete'. A die for coining,
<)i$L) >He.
The place of coining
(the mint),
Coin, v. a. did fli,
Coined,
Coiner, . Av..^,.;!^ darrab tikki.
Coincide, v. (j*\) w&fak, Û tdbak.
Coincidence, Ojij\y* muwafakat.
Coincident, (ji\y* muwafik, ^Jjlk^
mul&bik.
Coition, &*st\s* mujamaât.
Cold, adj. j\i bdrid, ^^ji barddn.
Cold in constitution,
Coffee, Sfii kahwa, ^ bun.
lurid
Coffee-pot, s^f] \ ^ji \ ibrik alkahwa. Cold, . ji lard. Intense cold,
Coffer, *. JjJ^ tanduk.
j!.j$*j zamhanr. The cold fit of
Coffin, *^jjl-J
an ague, i^V bardiyat.
sandiik.
Coldness, i'w'.y barudat.
Cogency, iji kutoat,
darurat. Colick, . ^^LJlj.js-j wajaâl lain.
Cogent, fyi kawi, i^$j*j*> daruri. Collar, *. (of a garment), fSjli yaka,
Cogitation,
r.
(jjj slk; (an ornament for the
iftakar.
Cogitate, r.
neck), jJic tofe?, Jjjb <wi (pi.
Cognoscible,
j yimârif.
jljLl). A dog's collar,
xlutnk
Coheir, .
halaka.
Wmiras
Colkte, p.
396
COL
COL
Collude, . (conspire to defraud any

one), Jt^ ihtiil,j*\- khdtnar.
Jollusion, <i-- hllat, JjUJ'i ittifdk.
Collator, *. iJj\J>^ mukabil.

Collation, <3jlL muMbilat.
Collateral, L3j\f~* mutateatl.
Collusive, jÂi gjiaddur.

3ollyrium, *. (ointment for the eyes,
CoUaterally, i_r*i*C<-r*i*r .
^j\\p*i liwajhin mutawasl.
a black powder of antimony, etc.),

Colleague, *. clX*^ shank,
raflL
Collect, v. a. j-**T jamat>
To collect wealth or provisions,
Jlj*j>- jama^mal. To collect
tolonel, s. i_?^^r mirulay.

lolony, *. A_r-\Ji>icUs>- jamu^ti.
Jiajjat.
Colonnade, *. z*\f âwamld.
arguments, or draw conclusions,

Coloquintida, s. (bitter apple, a vio
Jjc-:'. ittadal.
lent purgative), JJai- hanzal.
Collected, collective, *-^-s^ muj- Colossus, K. *+s\-' ^ gt
tttiuii, c yt.^* iff/a,' '~'-~. To be
injama^.
collected,
vmkin Colossean (giant-like), e
Collectible,
ajjam^.
ijtima^. A Color.
Collection, .
?<wn. A white color,
collection or miscellany,
.^ ftbyad. A black color, iJj-:^
majmiii. A collection of things,
aswad. A red color, y*- ' ahmar
cul^vtusr* majmntat.
(fora. K--- Aawra). A yellow
Collector, . j-^^ yaw^. A colcolor,jXtfl fl*/flr (fern. \jLe safra).
lector of revenue, Jîs'* mvliatnl.
A green color, îri-l akhdar. A
^""
College, *. *-^Jw< madrcuat (plur.

^^jlj^ madaris.
\_larnaW.
Colliflower, t. (Cauliflower),
Collision, A_^jl_-i- musadamat,
*_VL^' tatadum.
Collocate,
Collocation, :
brown color, y*J wmar (fern.

L: samra). Sky-blue color,
Û-: iowJ. A purple color,
arjwu.ni. A blue color,
\ awak. Of a changing color,
^jjli* mutalawwin.
Color, r.
J lawwan.
397
COM
Colored, c,^_l_. mulawwan,
mittahiritln.
COM
fl baliho.
[i_j'oLl tkaffuf.
To come in (enter),
Jî-J dakhal; (to comply),
Colorless, ijLs d<fo ; (transparent),
radl. To come near, <-ry>
Colors (standard), Ac âlam, <0j\j
To come off (deviate), Jc dal;

(to escape), tdLs*-^ >- khalhu
rdyat, ^j bayrak.
Colt, f-j~* tnuhr.
halaho. To come off badly, u-^.xatr'
Column, .1. ->^r i"m/ni (plur. Ju*!>
takhayyab.
itucfiurid).
To come on (to rush
The column of the
to the attack), *JE* hajam.
To
state, -J.-xl! \_v,- -.;/// addawlat.
come over (pass), ^ âbar.
To
The column of religion, ^ jJ! J^f
come over from a party, Jji*
iomud tddln (these are titles con

ferred upon great men in the East).
âdd.
To come over (deceive),
jAi ghadar.
To come out (be
Comb, . \3.*...t wunht. A shepherd's
come public),yf^*J^ inshahar. To
comb, ^jCJjllkub* musht arrag.
come to (consent, yield), êj
Comb, v. k2L mash-shut. A. comber

(a lady's maid or tire-woman),
.tU *.l ^ mashta.
radl.
To come to (come up to,
or amount to), Oj balagh, J^r

-.a mat, -*>" jama~j
To come
Combat, . .3 .U. mvtdrakat.
up (grow out of the ground),
Combat, . (fight), <-->j\- harab.
ci-..,'>
Combatant, >.
(attack), .wsr4" %af.
\j\ , mu/b&rvt,
w-îlas** muharib, (Jj'lL mukutil.

Combination, jUJ\ /di,
;;/W.
To como upon
The time
to come, (J_Ji."..u..,^no,l<j!l atzamdn

al mustakbil.
To come or arrive
(in speaking of a person of conse

Combine, v. fjjj waffak,
quence), t_J^-i sharraf.
rattab, ji dabbar.
Comedian, s.
al komedia.
Combined, (JJc^t mtttafik.
Comedy, . u Jî komedia.
Combustible, <_f;^' war?,

yuhtarik.
[annur.
Combostibleness, jUli-LU kdbliyat

Come, p. ,J,\ aita', \s? ja. To come
into the mind,
Comeliness,
..*.-
/(47(,
jamal, jjjjj rau)i-.

Comely, ,.f*n- Jtantan, ^~.
Comer, s. (J\ ail.
398
COM
COM
mdmiir,
nttjmat Commanded,
mahlcum.
it ztiittil'.
Comfort (consolation), L<J-*i' tasalll, Commander, *. j~*\ amir,
hakim. The commander of an
<-) " tasliyat, <U_y-*J ta^ziyat ;
army, I^^S\J~*\ amir dljayish.
(assistance), ^f- â/um.
The commander of a garrison,
Comfort, v. ^-i salla'.
[mur'th.
iaiW* muhdfa. The commander
Comfortable, comforting, ^*
Comet, a.
of the faithful, (j~s*y*J^rr*'

Comforted,
be comforted,
Comfortably,
muiasattl.
To
> tasalla'.
amir al muminln.
Commandment.
See
Command.
bikol tatattl.
The ten commandments, <dMULsj

musattl,
Comforter, *.
muâzzl.
Comfortless, iuLu."Aj lil& tasliyat.
Comical (exciting mirth),

mudhik. Comical, comic,
matkhara.
L^JJ.
Coming, *. ij^ ati, yU^ ityan,
tcasaya allah.
[taiakkar.
Commemorate, v. j>3 zakar, ^<&

Commemoration, jiO zukr.
Commemorable,^JJ yuzkar.
Commemorated, jîJu* mazkur.
Commemorative, ^ô jJ tizkarl.
Commence, v. Ijcjl ibtadd.

Command, s. j*\ amr (plur. j/y Commencement, \JuJi ibtida.
awamir). By the command of
Commend, v. (praise), iX madah,
God JUjiU^Lt M amr allah
icasaf.
taâla'. The royal command, Commendable,
mamduh,
lid-in assultan. A
maw&uf.
hamld,
command under the king's sign
^ lii natron
manual, (_jjj _ila>. khatt sharlf.
[madh.
hamld.
To obey commands, iJi-i imtasal. Commendation, iX*j>- hand,
According to the king's com Commended, _.A^ mamduh.
mands, iVî-.-'V^'U, -...~~ hasao Commender, . jL madih,
amr asvuU&n. Command (supreme
maddah.
Comment, v. ~j2> sharah.
authority), *- hukm*
Command, v. *=>- hakam, j*\ amar. Comment, commentary,
COM
(plur.
COM
ol' J
tafafir, Commission, . (<Lc -^j icttmi' -.alii' .
fcU^jiuCj tafulrdt), - -^ shark

(plur. r}j~' thitrah), (JjyLj
ttlllll.
Commissioner, *. .j-^l amin,
tawll (plnr. i?l>_jlJ tuwllat).

Commentator, commenter, *.
lharrdh, ^j\^> harih,
fattir.
Commerce (trade),
(intercourse),
falls'* mukhdlatat.
Commercial,
Commit, . (to deposit),

SJ wada^j, (to do, perpetrate),
mttirtalab. To commit to
prison,
tijarat ;
ikhtilat, Commitment to prison,*. (_/*->- ^J*.
Committed to prison, (JMJ*S.-* mahbus, ^jS?^" iiitt.yiin.
Commiserate, v. =-j raham,
Commodious (convenient), v_^-)\J~

Mu7!dJ,j^lyMwa/fA; (useful),
JuA^ Ml'/' til, _j'j
Commi-\ ration, <<-JLLi

t**a-j* markamat.
ihafakat,
Commodiously, iiiJlj
wafikat, i-jL^J^j i'A0Z munasaCommissary, . (delegate), Ju^j
luif, i'otii.,jij /'// iiiuiij'a-.al.
^. 7 --', ^_t'_^. mubdihir. To ap
Commodiousness, dÛ/* munasabat,
point a commissary, ,J^ wakkal.
&&i\y muwufakat, X^d
Commissaryship, . .Jli. mikfilut.
Commodity (advantage),
Commission, . (warrant, patent),
fayidat; (conveniency), JLd
; (delegation, full
mundsabat.
power), ajlij taikiilat,
Commodore, s.j*3yt commodore.
(afield ; (perpetration), c-jKj^l Common, *lc âm,j^L^ mahhar,
n'tikfili. The commission of a
cJ^j!L iiimlitarak ; (plenty),
crime, -^'jt*^c-j'ooj\ irtikal
jlj w&fir, j& katftr; (ignoble),
al >nn-.tii,i. The commission of
halt/: Common sense,^^.!
adultery, IjjJlt-jLJLjjl irtik&b
', //< nZ ntus/ttttruk. A
axxind.
Commission (office),
Common, ^1jui midan.
\_ --^-^- i*tan sub. Commission on Commonalty, common people, comgoods, etc.,
COM
400
tU/l*M uliiiiiiii/ttt, <L

ahull al mamlakat,
^^
"
lawum amiAs, L*-Jl\ arrowyat.

Commonly (universally),
^.
iUmuman, +JAX
COM
Community, j*&*>- jamhur, blc^

ratiiya.
[al tdbdil.
Commutable, (Jj JucJl^jil*^ mumkin
Commutation, JAJ badal, Âî
tabdll, iC jL,* mubddalat.
Commute, . ,Jjj badal.

wajh atiWitfmt ; (frequently)
uU\itl\n];$ar al airkil t,U~ kitsiran Compact, *. JjlsJ'l ittifalt,
Common - weal,
common - wealth,
jytASf jamk&r, (plur. ^.jsl*s>- Compact (solid), j>^s.;. mwnjamid.

jamatnr).
A. compact discourse, ^.n".^* /S^
/v//w mukhtasar.
[mad.
Commotion, *- harakat ; (tu
mult), lUiJ fitnat ; sedition (per Compact, f. ,k. laham, &AO?- jamidtirab,
Compactedness, compactness, jU^c:^
turbation),
injimad.
kalkalat.
Communicate, v. (impart, reveal), Companion, *. ^fj raftk, >__-- L;
<j.arraf; (to bestow a part),
suhib, û-jl ants. A. pot-com
/tasias; (to receive the
panion, *J Ai nai/ilii.
sacrament), Jj^J tanawal. To Companionable, jJL mdluf.
communicate (as the pestilence, Companionship,
rufkat.
etc.)
suMat,
To communi Company (society),
cate a secret, jj\~t turar.
jamîyat,
khultat ;
(a partnership), i
Communication (revealing),
shurkat.
izhSr,
ta-.rif; (participa Comparable,
mwâdil,
musharaltat ; (con
tion),
nutmkin attamsil,
versation), Sjj[ff* muhawarat,
yushbah.
[wajh al tantsif.
mu-c&iharat ; (inlet), Comparably, J-i*Jlj-_j J^ ôî'
madkhal.
Comparative, dj LlUjl Jj li /-/?/;;'/ a/
Communion (intercourse), <Ls"tf suhnwkabalat. A comparative noun,
bat. The communion (sacrament),
i' tanSteul al Comparatively,
kurban al mukaddcu.
a/
401
COM
COM
Compare, v. Jj'j kabal, J^- matsal. Compatibly, A

Comparison, compare, <--*" ttuhblh
nutabat.
(plur.uul? ...*.o tashblhdt), <UjlL Compatriot, s. jJj^l 1
mu-
mukabalat, uwLj kiyat. Beyond Compel, o. *jJ! alzam, j*s*- jabar,

l*jJ Imam, c-.-..ar ghasab.
comparison, <U..?..j i*7<J
Compelled,
/ mahum, pj&-+
J-iAsSljjli /fiyi* attamal.
multazim, jy^* majbur. To be
compelled, 'i!! iltazam.
Compellation
(nomination),
Compass, *. (circle),
dayrat,
tatmiyat.
halakat; (space),
*/ltnitdar; (extent), >1ja*! ;'///- Compend, compendium,
tisar,j*ociL* muktasar. To make
, >uJjlj
; (ability), 2j
a compendium,
iktasar.
tdbliyat, JAC c.ai7. A pair of
lilkar. The ma Compendious,
mukhtasar,
compasses,
tnUjas. A compendious
riner's compass, <C*U<LJuJ kiblat
discourse,
\&
kalum mujaz.
nama. To compass (encircle),
aAd<; (to besiege), jl>. Compendiously, Ijl^f^ yazan
/; <.: (to attain), J"-^- hassal, Compensate, v. ôjz âmoad, Jj
Ufa!.
^*j* kasib, ,ffj rebh,
Compensation,
(^>f âwad, \js>Compassion, <Ulc..^ sliafakat, -'J , /vljiza, i'UlC* mukafat, iUW muwarâma^.
jatat.
Compassionate, ^J B *. - muni/Jib,
Competence
(power, capacity), *,JL
fÂ^> shafik, i^JjiJIjL.jj raizi
kudrat, <uloU kabiliyat.
a/ .!"''>- The most compassionate
Competent,
Jjli kabil, ^jjS layik,
of the merciful,
t_ ^.,.iL^ munasib, jj\j kudir,
arham arrahmin.
Compart, ,-*J kasam.
ment, *Ji H
Compart
Compassionate, r. *- raham,
i~i
mutabik,
Compassionately,
Competently, AJiUJij it'M liyakat.
rahmat.
Compatible', ^_jLij!
Competition, c\^j naza^, aicjU..

; (contest), ^j; ghlrat.
COM
COM
402
Competitor, . y_ --j nkib, ~^~~- Complete, r. *-*.' tammam,

kammal,
khalktt.
khitm.
Completed,
J^l^/tai7,
*l*j tam&m.
Compilation, compilement, t_a-)lJ
:[
*\
tulif, j-j>-/<H7i. See Collection. Completely, t*UJ tamaman.
Compile, v. (from various authors), Completeness, completement, com
pletion, L~> iofi/'ti. +\Sj>-\
. To compile a book,
sannaf kitab.
ikhtitam,
Lij
Atmdm,
,'-*-''
Compiler, *. <
al kitab.
Complex, (_--2- mutabbak.
Complacence, complacency,^l?Ui.Ljj Complexion (of the face),
ridii khatir; (civility), <LJ\U
ehahra ; (constitution), '^*
latafat.
[See Civil.
ntt-i'ij, il*..^ tablât, ..ai.r ûnsur.
Complacent (affable), ifl-U latlf.
Of an adust complexion,
Complain, v. .z~>\ ishtakcf .
To
complain of an injury,
tashakka' min.
Complainer, s. ^^ h(i
mutashakki.
Complaint, *. ilLi> tihakayat,
_' :^!'
Compliance,
Li; rtrffi.
Compliant (obedient),
Ml't'l-.,
J-T'
HH!!l'l'l.
shakwa. ; (malady),
Complicate, r. LL>- thatat, J^Complaisance, complaisantness,i_j:l3l
AAr5<.
lulf, i_J_M a ilith.
Complicate, complicated,
Complaisant, *jj'1^-. -^'v f&hib
Mt'/,-/t,tr/'<i/. To be complicated,
maruat, t_c.Vil latlf.
L^1 takharlat.
[khalt.
Complaisantly, toViSJ^J likol lutf,
Complication, complicateness,
iiUa! J^J likol latafat.
Compliment, a. i_aJj!j
Complement (fullness, perfection,
salam, (jLri. After compliments,
completion), ,Uj tamum, /
,LJ|jjo i^rf assalam. \jbarak.
itnifi),!, ,liir5-! ikhtitam.
Complete (without defect),
muntahl.
kumil; (finished),
,
Compliment, . *Lj taUam, C/.b

Complimental,
s? -
403
COM
COM
rath, J-Ji kabil, Compoundable,

al tarlcib,
mwoaUif,
yutarakkab.
Compose, v. (arrange), i_~&\ rakkab, Comprehend, v. (conceive),
adrak, "J-^J taxaunear ; (to com
-iJ natam. To compose a dif
prise), J-*i-il ix/tfiii/m/, ifjp~\
ference, JL salah. To compose
a book, ---U\i_a--.x. sannaf kitab.
ihtawa1 .
Comprehended,
CJiX mudrak.
To compose verses,
Comprehensible, />j ; it mafham,
Comply, c.
(jsu\ ittafak
Component, i_
Composed (arranged),
jjybc< maikiil.
murakkab ; Comprehension (intellect),
(plur.
sakin.
man-
ZUOT ; (formed),
(placid, calm),
Composer, g. i.>L^-i_i:v
(plur.
Hit in;', ,
(containing),
tannif Utah.
ishtimal.
Composition (formation),
Idadkat ; (compounding, mixing), Comprehensive (conceiving), t
mudrik ; (containing),
(union),
mushta.mil, jj ~. ^* muhtawl*
ittihad. Composition (arrange
The comprehensive or intellectual
ment), _ ~, " tarlib, -\ \~-.\\
power, <LjtX*jJ kuwatmadrikat,
intttdm. Literary composition,
iLij-as^'iî kuwat matsarrifat.
Composore (
Comprehensiveness, ijLj zakawat,
itminan id khatir,
kuwat madrikat.
rafahiyat albal.
[./* mat/aj. Compress, v.
Compound, r. (mix), Lx>- khalat,
Jiassar, j-as- âsar.
[Bandage.
Compress
(for
a
wound).
See
Compound, compounded,
Compressed, jôsr* mafaur.
murakkab, \i^s* makhlut,
mamzuj.
Compressible, JîJlJjlJi kabil
Compound, .
A
attadylk.
\tai/yi/.:
compound word,
Compression, compressure,
Kurakkabat.
Comprise, v. J^sJi^ ishtamal.
COL
396
Collator, *. J-'Ul* miikal.nl.

Collation, <)LUL mukabilat.
Collateral, <j$j\f*<* mutawazi.
Collaterally, t_^v^r7>_^>->
_--;!.^-. liwajhin mutawazl.
COL
Collude, '. (conspire to defraud any

one), jjlir*.! t'AidZ, -- kfiutnar.
Collusion, <il-a- /tf/a<, (jUjl ittifak.
Collusive, j^Jki ghaddur.
Collyrium, . (ointment for the eyes,
a black powder of antimony, etc.),
Colleague, *. clXi^-ii tharlk,

Js l-uhl.
raflL
r mlraldy.
Colonel, .
Collect, v. a. j*^- j<un&%, * /""'
Colony, .
To collect wealth or provisions,
Jwjjat.
JUj-^p-yrtwrt^ ??. To collect
Colonnade, .
arguments, or draw conclusions,
Coloquintida, *. (bitter apple, a vio
Jj~>! ittadal.
lent purgative), Jiaia- hatual.
Collected, collective,
wu;Colossus, *. ,fuijS\M . V^ r.(âsr"'
tami^, c fc-Ks-* i(
collected, _-^"1
Collectible, *-**- \ ^
To be
UbJjM}t shakhs âzim ajjism
kahafrit.
mumkin Colossean (giant-like), (~~jîujljjl^
;'/'</ ill-.ilf,-j'.
Collection, *. cLc^-\ ijtima^.

collection or miscellany,
A collection of things,
majmuijit.
Collector, . -*^ j&mi^. A col
lector of revenue, Juks'* muhassil.
Color, (oj-1 A,',;1,-;. A white color,

uaî\ ftbyad. A black color, Jj_:^
aswad. A red color, ,-=-' Amr
(fern. K-*^"" Aawrd). A yellow
color,jitf! anfar (fern. l^La tafrd.).
A green color, îi-1 akhdar.
College, *. <Loj.X madraiat (plur.

(_^1jt maddris.
[larndblt.
Colliflower, . (Cauliflower), !^-^y
brown color, ^-*-j! a*iar (fern.

1^,^-! samra). Sky-blue color,
!_''>-*-; *'.'("'. A purple color,
Collision, *_/jL*i^ musudamat,
arjwu.nl. A blue color,

flzrai. Of a changing color,
jLi; 1 ill, fit!n >n.
Collocate, ;, tcada^.
Collocation, ;. "-KI/: .
Color, p.
j Imcwan.
COM
397
COM
Colored, c,jfJk- nntlatctoan,

mvtalatowin.
[i_JlLi tkaffaf.
fi bdliho.
Colorless, *jL) a<fcj ; (transparent),
radl. To come near, <r-^ karrab.
Colors (standard), *L; %alam, Zi\j

rdyat, ^.j bayrak.
Colt, *, ~* mvhr.
To come off (deviate), Jc rfa/;
Column, . Jv i HI ti<t (plur. ju/*^&c
takhayyab.
iawumid).
To come in (enter),
J^l-J da hh'-: I; (to comply), (>^)
(to escape), <d\_&-t<falii- khallas

hdlaho. To come off badly, k^JLi~
To come on (to rush
The column of the
to the attack), *** hajam.
To
state, ^J.jk!' i_v,- -.Hiitiltit addawlat.
come over (pass), ^-c j_aJar.
To
The column of religion, ^ Jjlj^f

i :!..-. -W '(/)/,"/< (these are titles con
come over from a party, Jji-c
ferred upon great men in the East).
jAi ghadar.
Comb, n. li~ mwiht. A shepherd's

comb, ^:' _''lil_. mutht arrd^l.
Comb, r . .ii.. mash-hat. A comber
(a lady's maid or tire-woman),
-~^~. ~t mathta.
iadal.
To come over (deceive),

To come out (be
come public),yj-ijt inthahar. To

come to (consent, yield), î>j
radl.
To come to (come up to,
or amount to), ^L balagh, J^f

tatnal, *-.+9jamot..
L
i
*
^_
To come
C.
Combat, t. ..i .l*. muidrakat.
up (grow out of the ground),
Combat, v. (fight), <_>j&- hdrab.
c^~J nabat.
Combatant, . \j\ ,. ,x mvJtarist,
(attack), .^s* hajam.
*}j[s* muharib, jj\si* nrnkdtU.
To come upon
The time
to come, (Ûiu-îol^jJl azs0ma
Combination, JjUjl ittifdk,
al mwtakbil.
ittih&d.
Combine, v. (JJj waffak,
(in speaking of a person of conse
rattab,Jij dabbar.
Combined, t_fs^ mutafik.
Combustible, ijyl-j ndri,
To come or arrive
quence), u_î sharraf.

Comedian, s. bj^yli !>_->.<! ?<;.,// koiiird'ifi.
Comedy, *. V.1*^^ komedld.
yvhtarik.
[annHr. Comeliness, (j^f^Combustibleness, .UliAjli kabliyat

jamal, tJJ'j rawnak.
Come, v. Jl aa', ls>- ./a. To come
Comely, (.JMO~ hattan,

into the mind, ^\j^^>- khutor Comer, . <j,\ atl.
COM
Comet, s.
it zii/iitl.
Comfort (consolation),
398
mi/Hint
COM
n&mur,
Commanded,
mahkum.
J tcualli. Commander, *.
amir,
h&kim. The commander of an
<U\.uJ tasliyat, <L \ju ta^ziyat ;
(assistance), C,M= c '<;;.
army, fj^s\.^\ amir aljayish.
The commander of a garrison,
Comfort, 0. (Juj a/Za'.
[mwiA.
Sail** muftafiz. The commander
Comfortable, comforting, *T_j
of the faithful, y^.j^j^Jl^^.1
mutasattl. To
Comforted,
amir Z muminln.
be comforted,
tasalia'.
Commandment.
See Command.
iifeoi tasatti.
Comfortably,
The ten commandments, <d!ll)Lj
musalll,
Comforter, s.
tcasaya. allah.
[taiakkar.
mwûszl.
toaliyat. . Commemorate, v. j takar, j*&>
Comfortless,
Commemoration, J> zukr.
Comical (exciting mirth),
Commemorable, .^jj yuzkar.
mttdhiie. Comical, comic,
Commemorated, jj>&* matkur.
matkhara.
['JJL
Commemorative, ^l^JJ tiskafl.
Coming, *. ijl ail, ^Ljl
Commence, v. Ijcjl ibtadd.
Command, s. jJ\ amr (plur.
Commencement, \Jcj\
atcumir). By the command of
Commend, c. (praise), madah,
God JUjiGJ^Lj i amr a//aA
s_-^j tcasaf.
tabula'. The royal command,
Commendable, ^.
mamduh,
.jUJuJi,*^- 7(/'w astultHn. A
mawsuf.
hamld,
command under the king's sign
Conniientliibly,;A~4J>- .
linatcîn
manual,
khatt tharif.
\_wadh.
hamld.
To obey commands, is^l imtasal. Commendation,
hamit, _JL
v_
According to the king's com Commended, _^

mamduh.
mands, ^ViLvMjili, -f-r- Aiai Commender, s.
mfidih, -' J-
amr assultdn. Command (supreme
maddtih.
fmtm.
authority),
*AaroA.
Comment, .
JiaJcam,
amar. Comment, commentary, *. ...
Command, r.
399
COM
tafnr (plur.
-~J._*_<
COM
tafasir, Commission, v.
_
taldb.
shark
**.-'
(plur. r)j2i
.';/ (plnr. _;L'
Commissioner, *. ^.^l m!,

muwakkal, J.-4- iin/t'il.
Commit, e. (to deposit), t

Commentator, commenter, .
v*
\ (to do, perpetrate),
tharrdk, f-j\> shdrih,j**&* muirtakab. To commit to
faisir.
prison,
Commerce (trade), Xj\=f tijdrat ;
Commitment
to prison,*. \j*~- hals.
(intercourse), Ssli-1 ikhtiltit,
Committed to prison, IJMJ*.-* mak
i'-iW* mukhdlatat.
ing, .^ST**"* Mdy'iin.
Commercial, t_?;^> <yart.
Commiserate, v. *s~j raham, (jAii
Af fhafak %ala'.
ation,
t~-VLÎ
Commodious (convenient), b-M^w*

i^ytmuwafik; (useful),
mufld, _jlj '/iriji-..
shafakat,
_^ marhamat.
Commissary, . (delegate), Ju^j
Commodiously, itiljîJ^J.bikolmuwafikat, A.v.-'^'-tJ>* /^'/t'o/ munaia-
bat, 1'v.tii-fJiJ A//o/ jiMnJ'a-.at.

Commodiousness, tUîlx* munaeabat,
point a commissary, ,J5j wakkal.
tej\yt muw&fakat, ti\s fayidat.
Commissarj-sliip, . <Dl^ wakalat.
Commodity (advantage),
wakil, -JiL^ mubtiihir.
To ap
fayidat ; (conveniency), .l>_-'uCommission, . (warrant, patent),

Jb^> sanad; (delegation, full
mundsabat.
power), <L!lj wakalat, I^.ÂJ Commodore, s. i.i_v^b commodore.
ui^ mashhiir.
taficid ; (perpetration), t-jlSo^ Common,
The commission of a
mttthtarait ; (plenty),
ilj wafir, j^ kasir; (ignoble),
cnme.
I. The commission of
id~ /j/:7/-. Common sense,
adultery, U
miuhtarak. A
ozzind.
Commission ( office ),
Common, ^'iX** mlddn.
k__~i~ ,ii ansub. Commission on Commonalty, common people, comgoods, etc.,
utt
COM
400
COM
alâmiyat
ahull al mamlakat,
latcam ann&s, <LzJi\ arraîyat.
Commonly (universally),
Community, j#*&r janthur, ulc;

rn:<~n/ii.
[al tabdll.
Commutable, ijjju^^jil*/* mumkin

Commutation, JAJ ladal, (Ji-V-1"
tabdll, lijjU* mubadalat.
wajh aliiimum ; (frequently), iil Commute, r. Jja

Compact, *. ,jUj'l ittifa.lt,
Common - weal, common - wealth,
\ft*&T jamhur, (plur. ^.Jsl*^- Compact (solid), ^^=>.;.* immjamid.
A compact discourse, j.n : 'r* /K
jamahlr).
kalum muJchlasar.
[mad.
Commotion, *^- harakat ; (tu
mult), iUrJ fitnat ; sedition (per Compact, v. *k* laham, &*&- jamidtirab,
Compactedness, compactness,
turbation),
injimad.
Communicate, . (impart, reveal), Companion, *. ^J\ raflkt c
i_arraf; (to bestow a part),
su.hH, y~J\ anls. A pot-com
panion, ,jju nadlm.
fiassai; (to receive the
maluf.
sacrament), JjUi' tandwal. To Companionable, .
communicate (as the pestilence, Companionship, <UJ rufkat.
suhbat,
etc.) i_>>X2 ada'. To communi Company (society),
<U4J>- j<> iit-ii/ti1,
cate a seciet, _;j\- turar.
khtdtat ;
(a partnership), Si
Communication (revealing), îl^lil
shurkat.
ta^rlf; (participa Comparable, ^JjliK muiadil, (.
*zAdr,
mum kin attamsll,
musharakat
; (con
tion),
versation),
muMwarat,
r,t;i-Lash<!,-fif ; (inlet),
madkhal.
Communion (intercourse), i.*-* suhlat. The communion (sacrament),
yushbah.
[wajh al tamtll.
Comparably, J .A*J 1 <vgComparative, 3j\Ju3IJ;U iait7 al

muMbalat. A comparative noun,
jSI JÛj ian&wul al Comparatively,

al mulcaddas.
COM
401
COM
Compatibly, tUwlx^JC.1 i*ic// munusabat.

Comparison, compare, <t . .<*J tashlth
(plur.djl.-...A.j tashblhdt), iU-'UL* Compatriot, . jJj^j! i balad.
mukalalat, y\~i h'yiis. Beyond Compel, v. /jJI ahum, j^>- jabar,
*jJ litzttm, :_ " ghasab.
comparison, <t_v*,i."L Ji7a tashb'ih,
Compare, P. Jjli kabal, JJL massal.
Compelled, . J- mafaum, +j^~*

muJtuzim, jy^?* mqjbur. To be
Compart, ~*j kasam. Compart
compelled,
*pJl iltatam.
ment, ^-Jj um.
Compass, . (circle), ^jl J dayrat, Compellation (nomination), U.4yxJi
tasmiyat.
<4JiL>- halakat; (space), iljJL*
Compend,
compendium, jUsj! t'/tmikddr; (extent), t>loc^! imtititar,jatisi* muktasar. To make
d&d; (ability), iji k&wat, ^-LU
J-^-*-- '>_*-' 'j f"!/ik attamsll.
l&bliyat, (JJLc -,L-l,
A pair of
compasses, j\~i bfkur. The ma

riner's compass, <tU<L_Lj) kiblat
nSma. To compass (encircle),
tlp-l aAo<; (to besiege), Ûhdgar; (to attain), ,_Uto- hassal,
\__ -,( karib, fTj rebeh.
Compassion, A&ii shafakat, tej -rikTcat, 4*+-fi marhamat.
Compassionate, ^J a *. * mushfik,
fj.. 8 i shafik, \^.-\a\\iJ^3j raklk
al kalb. The most compassionate
of the merciful, (.ô~\^\î>.J\>
arham arrahmin.
Compassionate, v. +*-j raham, ^jU-i
Compassionately, <Uj>-^ Jfr~>
a compendium, âiiil iktasar.

Compendious, j-r. /r" mukhtasar,
j>-y mujaz. A compendious
discourse, js>-yi$ kaldm mujat.
Compendiously, IjlsCl yasan.
Compensate, v . (,/sjp tftwwad, <^\
kafa'.
Compensation, ^J>f %awad, !>j'izu, i'UlC* mukafat, S\\\sf* mujdzat.
Competence (power, capacity), iijji
kudrat, <LLU kabiliyat.
Competent, JjU kdbil, îi'i luyik,
t_-w.L^ munasib, jj\3 kadir,
e-^-lj wajib, JpUi* mutabik,
Ukol Competently, wUJ^j bikolliyakat.

rahmat.
[munasib. Competition, cljj nazu^, icjlx*
Compatible^ (_>J- li'iy//:, >,_ -'"--f
munataât ; (contest), i^c ghirat.
COM
402
Competitor, *. i_ --'j rafoJ,
COM
Complete, f. *X; tammam,

kammal, Âi^- khallas.
Completed, ^+&kamtt, *tJ tarniim.
khim.
Compilation, compilement, u_a-llj
tfdft/, ^*s~jam. See Collection. Completely, tUj tamaman.
Compile, . (from various authors), Completeness, completement, com
*-*=Tjama^. To compile a book,
pletion, Luj' in f ilia, ,
i_jlsu_B~0 sannafkitdb.
\khtitam, +\AJ iamdin, *
Compiler, . c_>li-J!*_*ls- jdmi^
al kitdb.
Complex, (_*l2- mutabbak.
Complacence, complacency,^LUi-Ljj Complexion (of the face),
rttffi khdtir ; (civility), <Lj\y
chahra ; (constitution),
latafat.
[See Civil.
mizaj, <t*..Jp <oJzj.fl(!,y^3i.
Complacent (affable), L-aJj latlf.
Of an adust complexion,
Complain, v. ^z-Z>\ ishlaka'. To

,lj*M y&bit almizaj.
complain of an injury, ^^Llo Compliance, J^-S kubtil,
tashakka' min.
L- , ;-,'//, 7.
Complainer, . ^Li *///?, JLl^
Compliant (obedient), fcilt <lyt<>,
mutashakli.
j-)ls^ mtttdbi^,
Complaint, *. <Llx^> sJtakayat, i^Ci
thakwd ; (malady), j./s^ trutrad.
Complaisance, compIaisantness,t_Vil
Z</, <_>ol
Complaisant,
marHat,
Complaisantly,
Complicate, p. Llî- khalat,

kharbat.
Complicate, complicated,
mukharbat. To be complicated,
\Ujaf? takharbat.
[khalt,
Complication, complicateness, Uci.
Compliment, . i_o..K." /-fW?/'. Lj

Complement (fullness, perfection,
saldm, (jjÂJ . After compliments,
completion), /Lj' tamam, *
AjSuJljou /<trf assaldm. \_barak.
ilmam, /lii>-l ikhtitdm.
Compliment, v. *L> sallatn,
Complete (without defect)
kn,,iil\ (finished),
^ muntahi. Complimental,
COM
403
COM
Comply, v. ^*ej radl, J-J kabil,
Compoundable,
flJ fcwi-?i,
(JJJ\ ittafuk.
Component, u-s!_. muwallif.
yutarakkab.
Compose, v. (arrange), <) rakkal, Comprehend, . (conceive),
adrak, lilii toawtâr; (to comJaJ natam. To compose a dif
lulah. To compose
prise), J~- ' uhtamal,
ference,
tannaf kittib.
a book, >
Comprehended, (J^,Jt< mudrak.
To compose verses,
nosuim <i^!'.-'.
Comprehensible, *^ (.- mafhum,
Composed (arranged), *.li~ manturn ; (formed), -^r< murakkab ; Comprehension (intellect),

(plur. *^J fuhum),
(placid, calm), ^L; sdkin.
(plur. JyLc tMû/), c
Composer, s. t_jl ". Siîfv.r-i* (containing), '_^
sannif kittih.
ishtimal.
Composition (formation), dJL-i.S>
ihtiwa,
khulkat ; (compounding, mixing), Comprehensive (conceiving), t , _

mudrik ; (containing), uUiji^
tarklb ; (union),
mushtamil, 1^$^ ~. ^r* j?wAia?f.
ittihad. Composition (arrange
The comprehensive or intellectual
ment), L-^-J^-J tartlb, ,Ll:cJl
power,
<L^;jL**jJ) kuwatmadrikat,
Literary composition,
Ljj-a^t'^ kuwat matsarrifat.
Composure (of mind),j;ljlirlti)li.
Comprehensiveness, ijlj zakawat,
itminan al khiitir,
ZJs kuwat madrikat.
rafshiyat albal,
[/* maiaj. Compress, v. ^.ar âsât, -<\-~
Compound, . (mix), klri- khalat,
hassar, j*ac. âsar.
[Bandage.
See
Compound, compounded, (..^.s-* Compress (for a wound).
murakkab, L^jLsr* makJdut, ij-v* Compressed, jâsr* mahtur.
marmaj.
Compressible, Ji;. J*. H JjUi Aai7
Compound, *. i_^>jy tarkib. A
attadylk.
[tadyik.
\
compound word, <Ui
Compression, compressure,
Comprise, f. J-*s^jl isMamal.
rffiiaArti1.
CON
CON
404
jjfikr; (fancy), JLtt- *%?,

Jla^ takliayyul, jftu tasawuwr.
mise, "~ -~i. i-ir tamat com- Conceit, v. Jâ^ takhayyal, pJ> J
Compromise, *. iî thart, $e. itthd.

muâhadat. To compro
promisso.
Compulsion, compulsiveness,
taior, +&> ztdm, J^T j^r, ^
taâddi.
Compulsive, compulsatory, compul
Conceited, <-^-3.< musannai,

Conceitedly, jU^J^J JW înad.
)onceitedness, self-conceit,
Conceive,*, (comprehend), ^j
sory, JUs zalim,j)\- jabir.
To conceive resentment, e. ^î'.
Compulsively, \j*sr jabran, \j$>
Conceivable, . i " * mutaiawwar,
kahran, Lcii ghailan.
Compunction (contrition),
taasiaf, A_^\jJ nadamat,
,jQ- yunfahem.
[markaz.
Concentric, J_^rJrJLo- J Carnal hisab.
Concern, v. (belong to) ^^>- khat,
Concatenate, . jj-=^ janzar

Concatenation, jij^T jatît
tanjir.
Concave, u-JJJsr^ mwjawwaf, iJff
ajtcaf. To make concave, i-JJ?
jaiewaf.
Concavity, <3frJ<twf,j*3 ka-.r.
Concern, concernment, i ot madat,

-*\ amr, ^J* * shugJtl, ^.s.
maslahat; (care), jUiiil ihtim&m;
,1^- huzn ; (affection),
muhabbat. Of great con
cern, *i. iitn.li! HI HI. An affair of
great concern, <Lîx-1^ mat'
Conceal, v. ^5-"-^ akhfa,

Ithafa', Jf- khabba'.
Concealed, ,5*^* mukhfa'.
Concealment, concealedness, Usikhfa, Uisi-1 ikhtifii.
Concede, v. ^jJUA.) sallam Why
Conceit (conception), cJUol idruk
**
lahat muhimmat.
Concerning, (_Jy*ui- mansub, ^
ân, ^ min, vi /I,
mwt
Concert (compact), j-^->^> tadbir,
CX)N
405
Concert, B. (adjust),
CON
sarihat.
True conclusions, *^\zJ
fadutcalma^, JaJ naitn,JJdabbar,
iLJLJi*. natayy hakikiyat ; (deci
*~>j rattab.
sion), iv>? hujjat, ixLuli,* mazbata.
[ihsiin.
Concession, ^ - ^"- âtiyat, ^Lu.rv.1
Conclusive,
Conciliate, r. (gain) J^*- hassal,

c-^'"^ iktatab ; (to reconcile),
- L-- salah. To conciliate affec
tion, J'^_;' istamal.
Conciliation, J** w
mutalahat, ^Jtc^l istimdlat.
Conciliator, . ^-Lr mtualih.
Concise, -ai-s-* mukhtasar, j*
tastr.
Concisely, jLairi-b li ikhtisur.
Conclusively,
shaft.
Concoction,
The first concoction,
/ awwal.
idafat.Concomitance,
Concomitant, .
Companion.
Concomitantly,
rafik. See
maâan.
Concord, concordance, <t_Ji_j!

muieafakat, jjUJl ittifak,
Conciseness, jLfi^-1 ikhtisar.

Conclave (privateapartment)
ittihdd, .^ iXb\x, utiiiii/iaifi'.f., l~- ,

Concord in grammar,
(a cabinet council),
Conclude, v. (terminate), **jl atmam, Concordant, .w^-* mulayim,

muwafik, ^Hi* mutalik.
f~"^ Jehatam. To conclude an
alliance, t Jiiljc* J^ tawaZ muû- Concourse, . -^* majma^,
Jtadat. To reason, form an opinion,
jamîyat, +-]j-J tazuhwn.
>_'' /'.''/. To conclude, adv.
great concourse
<^cV;.vl1y tcalnatljat.
Conclusion (close,end), i^ I akMrat,
Concrete,
munjamid,
jamid,
mutajammid.
(result), <<Ûi natljat (pi.
natdyij). A. conclusion from the Concretion,
premises, *JJu])<tUJ natljat
al mukaddamat. An evident con Concubine, . <Uj-j surriyat (plur.
clusion, A-aOÂ-iCl-sJ natljat
warl.)
CON
406
CON
Concupiscence, ij> shahwat,

tjLa-Li hawa nafidni,
/'ondescendence,
condescension,
JjUj' tanazul.
Condign, i^-\j v>0jib, Jâ.u^

tawkan.
Condign punishment,
Concupiscent, tj,\j-$- shahwdti,
Li nafsdni, (,f'M mushtihl.
T.
Concur, v. ^R-J! itlafak,

ittahad, <jiJi_j wafak.
Concurrence, jLs-^ MifaTc,
ittihad ; (help), JJt~* madad
Condition, *. (state), JU- lull,

',, LSL kayfiyat ; (rank), ^
/\JL makam,
; (stipulation),
-> g f- co/d/; (attribute), L-= .-^
(consent), (J^J kabul.

Concurrent, <jhJ\}" muwafik,
muttafik, ^jj^t makrun,
wa/, iLj /<, iLjst< mahiyat ;

(temperament), J\Jc>\ i^tidal,
g\s* miz&JtitiijtainU, JJM^ muttasil.

Condition, . (stipulate), L?^ iharat,
Concussion, <C^>- harakat,
raidat. See Tremor, shaking.
Condemn, v. (sentence), cy^!lj AJ>hakam lil mawt. To condemn to
an infamous punishment,
y<wra ; (to blame), *j saw,
Conditional (on terms), \^>j2> sharti ;

(uncertain), ,jJisi'*j-. ghayr muJiakkak, A^LIM^C gJtayr ma^liim.
Conditionally, conditionary
terms), )ejju+> Jt shurut.
(on
Condemnation, JL*~ hukm,
Conditioned (endowed with quali

Condensable, ii.iiJl,^^* 7?<ties), i iL*jlt_^*-L) <2Ae'J atcsaf.
^t a? tahif.
Condole, v. ^yj rasa', ^c-\j ah
Condensate, condense,t;.uJJi^ kassaf,
tala'.
Condolement, condolence, \^s. âtd.
^sC sakhkhan.
A letter of condolence, <JJJ*J'c_>li^
Condensation, condensity, condense1,'iliili tattiyat.
The days of
ness, L-a/.^j tafaif.
Condense, c-a.^X kaslf.
Condescend, v. *&\t-3 tawadac..
JjUj tanazal.
Condescendingly,
mourning or condolence, JjjJ\*y

ayydm itI -.uza.
[taniizul. Conduce, v. jls\ afdd, j_sj nife^.

bikol Condueible, conducive, (jj^ muâ-
CON
407
CON
win, _;1J r,-i/-'-.. Condueiveness, Confederate, s. (Jîj rafik, (jsc**

4il*< mUjMUHinnt, _iJ /; .
mutafk.
[mvttahid.
Conduct (guidance), <u!ju& kiddyat; Confederate, confederated,
(administration),
J tadblr. Confer, . (upon any stated subject),
A safe conduct, ,jti amdn.
ljj taddwal,
Conduct, . (lead), jl5 /turf. To
tio tashuwar,
conduct an army, ^Luxlljts ido*
karah ; (to grant), x-J
aliaskar. To conduct business
well, c_-JLL ^1^*111:) kada'al
ahsan. To confer an office,
matalih tayyib.
_-"'-" ^"-^ a^' mamab.
Conductor, ^jU <, Juy*
Conference, *. ijy^ mashioarat,
A. The conductor of an. army
$j\j** mazakarat.
(a general), (ji-jsrljuU Icdyid Confess, v. t_j5*l i^taraf.
A conductor (director),
murattil.
Conductress, . iJ': J dallalat.
Confessed,
mu^tarif,
mukarrir.
[l&shak, JuS /aiwrf.
Confessedly, ULti lal.-.aii, i_f'Jil'
Conduit, . U^^L tank ma,i^j\jy, Confession,

miarub.
i-^tiruf,
Cone, . a\it^* makhrut (plur.
tullsjî-* makhrutaf).
Confect, v.
Confessor, . (of his own faults),

/; (one who heara
arnal muralba'.
Confect, confection, *.
rabla', (ji^f*^ magun (plur.
the confessions of others),

t_J iil'^ nn'atn Hi'-, a/i-.fi/'u./',
i_jîc^l muâllim al i^tiraf.

Confectioner, . J!^L>. "hulwdni, Confest (open, known),
^jif^Ll shakarjl.
ma^lum.
Confederacy, confederation,
Confide, . .jLcJiîcI i^tamad
mtâhadat, J^c câW,
tawakkal,
i^tabar
Confederate, t). JJbU
Confidence (trust), jUixc^ i^tikad,
406
CON
>'\ ittika.1,
iitimiitl,
tawakkul; (boldness),
jatarat.
Confident (trasting to, assured be

yond doubt), J^ mutawakkil.
CON
i;^ yundabit,
Confiscable,
[madbut lilmirl.
yudbat.
Confiscate, confiscated, ,
Confiscation, (_j;-.^*ljj '*-*)( iSa^c dabt
al amwal lilmirl.
\harik.
(with firm trust), Conflagration, . >_ ijî lahlb, ^JP

iitimadan ; (without Conflict, . (battle),
(a duel), J-J_jJ duel; (violent
doubt), LlXij^J bildshak.
collision), /jLaj tasadum, -w< A~-
Confidently
Configuration, ijy* turat.
[hudiid.
sadmat.
Confine, confines, Jo- hadd, JjJ>^Confluence, conflux (junction of two
Confine, . (imprison), (_/-*- habat ;
streams),
(to restrain), jai lasnar,
aZ nAn ; (a crowd),
dayyak.
jtim-.. See Concourse, multitude.
Confined, ^j~s* mahbus, (i
Conform, . (make conformable),
masjun. To be confined,
(Jfij waffak; (to comply with),
inhabits.
(_i.'lt I I'll Ilk.
Confinement (imprisonment),
Conform, conformable, &\y* muhdbt; (restraint),^.-^' takslr.
icafik, (JJ^si mutabik, *jJ
Confirm, v-jj karrar, (j&*~ hakkak,
A>'/y /'/// ; (obsequious),
(^^ lalbat, & akkad. [ubat.
in/I//-.
[wafakat, ,
Confirmable, cyLj^(Jjlj k&btt al
Conformably, jl^J^J bikol muConfirmation, j|yii->l istikrar, j\j\ Conformation (formation), t__ -î<
ikrar, C^LJI ub&t,(j*ae:; tahklk,
tarkll, ^.fii takwln.
J^jj' tawkld.
Conformity, i-'a-j\f* muw&fakat,
Confirmatory, confirmative,
iullK mutabakat, i^J^t mumukawl, ^y mawakkid.
shubahat.
[khtdat.
Confirmed, tU^-i-< masbut,
Confound, v. ^j^- Kharbat, laLi.
mukarrar, dj^ muwakkad. To Confounded (confused), \fj .\ , *-*
be confirmed, 0>lj taakkad
mukharbat; (de
makhlut,
makruh.
testable),
Confiscate, v. a~a dabat.
V>
rf
CON
Confront, v.
409
CON
Mbal ashy, Congealment, congelation,

tajmid.
[fardjim.
wajah ahhadan
li dkhar.
Congenial, congenerous,
Confuse, v. LLi. hlnlni, i^/*- khaza.', Conglomerate, v.
Conglutinate, v. *^ laham, ^j
lazak.
[hatma'.
Congratulate, v. C/>b larak, ^
(plur.
Confused in mind, ^j?=*- hayrdn. Congratulation, iL;
iJUji
tahanl).
Congratulatory
Confusedly, /LJaj^c^^ min ghayr
Jji farraJc.
Confascd, ,pJ_A_^ mushawwash,
Llis-* mukhtalit,
hayyar.
nisam &Uj- Jj likol kharlata.
letter,
Confusion, coiifusedness (irregular

mixture), Jl^- Matin!, L-lu^l Congregate, .
Congregation, *.
tichiOat, JkrU MtOdl.
- jamdât,
Confutation, <LiiLi munakadat,
Congress, s.
majlis,
mahfil,
^^
dlwan.
Confutable,
AdJ7 arrad,
: iii al nakd.
Congruence, congruity,
mmaafakat. .vlRjl ittifuk, iiu
Confute, c. l>>/<2JiU n&kad, lUliJ, ra(?
mutalakat.
idlihi, <Jji,Jli>i fljâ/ kawlaho.
Confuted, ôyi-i^* mankud, j<Jj* Congruent, congruous, î! l&yik,
dJ, J.KJ1J, rorfa/ Mur/z.
mardud.
Cong^, . (bow, salute), .*'l salam.
Congruously, iL-;
iabat,
To return a conge or salute, /J.-J
tattam; (leave),
rtikhsat, Conic,
jjl^-1 ijazat. To conge (take Conjecture,
takhmln.
leave). To give a conge", cJj
Conjecture, v.
Ukolmunu.fto bikol muwafakat.

makhrutl.
Lj izyd*, j**^
(j^^>-
khammam,
tawahham, o zann.
Congeal, v.a. J*+s>-jammad, v.n.
jttmid.
\altajmlA. Conjecturable, ^-^
Congealable, Ju^s
mum kin
mumkin attakhmm, Jixll i
Congealed,
munjamid.
CON
410
CON
conjunction of two malignant

Conjectural, (_-!-*.
planets (as Mars and Saturn),
Conjecturally, Uyfca" takhmlnan,
\-j3 faradan.
^.u.i.-ciil^^jl iktiran al nahtin.
Conjecturer, . (.j^s^t mukhammin. Conjunctive, ,J-j tcasll. Con
Conjoin, v. ^^5 karan, <J-j tea-sal,
junctively, conjunctly,
ittihadan,"^\sj\ Mifdkan.
Conjoint, J^ muttatil,
Conjuncture (occasion),
nmttafik, i_,^>l. mushtarik,
ittifak, Loji fursat.
^*Lsr< mujtamii, ^jj_^ maJcrun, Conjuration (conspiracy),
! Hlllfd.
>
A
Conjointly, uc maân.
Conjugal, ^jscr^lj tazwljl.
mv^Shadat, JjlsJ'l ittifak; (en

chanting, etc.), jS?* rihr,
, (plur.
Conjugally, <i=fCjJl _^^yj Aa wtu/t'i Conjure, v. (intreat with earnest
aizljat.
ness), 9^3J tadarra^, ,f**3 t&Conjugate, V. (_J^ sarraf.
manna , tfrj* tarajjef ; (to con
Conjugation (of a verb),
spire), (jSLJ\ ittafat.
Conjure, v. (practice enchantment),
Conjunction,
ittihad,
jS.1^ sahar.
i/f'lllri-..,
/''';,
c
Conjurer, .^>-L) tahir \s? tahhcir.
muwasalat,
Connatural (participating the same
A conjunction (part of speech),
nature), Ox^s^ji fard tablet.
t-ol-tr ô^/1. A copulative con Connect, v. connex, ^Ji karan,
junction, ^jl-J 1 '_ ^ ' âtfalbayan.
totual.
An explicative conjunction (con Connected, j~i~ muttasil,
i^)jj* makrHM.
necting explanatory or synony
_
_....c-U._ oU>- if///' Connection,
JUiJ'l ittisal,
it
it/nif,
i_aVir.
:>//".
A conjunction of the
planets, ^^/J^ iktiran. The con Connivance, ^-j ,ituolj'\ ighm&d
junction of two beneficent planets
al âyn, (JjilaT1 tajdhul, ^Jjlxj
(as Jupiter and Venus),
taghaful.
[annatar.
iktiran tusa^dln. The Connive, v. -\i_iJ \ue*j.\ aghmad
411
CON
Connoisseur, *. ^fct* mdhir,
CON
Consecrate, v. ^î kuddas,

karras.
tarif.
Conquer, ; . _-- fatah, c_îr. ghalab, Consecrate, consecrated,
mukaddas.
\takrls.
tamattak,jo zafar, U,l...... .7
tataUat. To conquer one's pas- Consecration, fj^_Âi takdls,
Consecutive (successive),
sions,
mutwali, *jlii^ mutatdbi^.
thahicat nafsiho. Accustomed to
Consecutively, JljJlj bil tawall.
conquer,jili< mtizfir.
Consent, J^-Ji kubul\oj rida, <>J\s>-\
Conquered, tjjJt*i maghlub,
y'abat, &Cjlk- mat&waât.
makhur.
Consent, v. ^jAi] ittafak, .ôj radi,
ghdlib,
Conqueror, .
(jj\j wafak, (Jâ tabdk.
muzfir,
mansur,jiô zdfir.
Consentaneous,
(}i\y* muw&fik,
Conquest, *f.i fath, jo zafr,
JÂIK ma^kul.
nasrat.
Consequence (effect of a cause),
Consanguineous, ^-^ji karll.
Consanguinity, ^'^ karubat.
Conscience,,,~A*a darnir, &*J zimmat.
Eemorse of conscience, ^v-Jy
^~*-aji tawlikh addamlr.
Conscientious (scrupulous), c--v- L>
<i- J sahib jsimmat.
natljat ; (consequences),
j natdyij; (tendency), (jOjfgharad, JuaJi kasd. Certain con
sequences, i^L&^f^zj natdyij
hakikiyat. An affair of conse
quence, f$*j*\ amr muhimm.
[stmmat.
Conscientiously, *JjJCj 3tM Consequent, LJi^ mutatalli, Jb

tall. The antecedent and con
Conscientiousness, ibj diyanat,
sequent, ^yijAjJull al mukaddam wa.ttu.il.
Conscionable,
ma^kul.
Consequently, IJÎ lihaza,
Conscious,
lr,
cL^S J falaajl zalik.
I_^L muttali^. To be conscious, Conservation, lais- haft,,
' attala^. Conscious of a
muhafazat, AjL-s siydnat.
dakhil assir.
secret,
Conservative, laiU*- ha/it,
Consciousness, c!l
muhafa.
412
CON
Conservator, . SiiU- hafts.
Conserve, v. Sift*- hafis, ^
(fruits, etc.),
murabba.
tan ;
CON
(firm, solid, not fluid),

mury'amid.
[munasabat.
Consistently, <L_.!\_i^J^j bikot
v
[tafakkar. Consolable, L^M^\(jLt^ mumJtin
attasattl.
taammal,
Consider, v.
Considerable (worthy of considera- Consolation, (J-*J' tasalll, '''_.!....3
tion),jUic! t^.^>-\*> tahib i^tibar,
tasliyat, iiJ*j ta^ziyat.
j~x** mu^tabar, *f< muhimm.
Consolatory,
Considerably, iîJJ litiyadat.
mutalll.
Considerate (prudent)y-.| j *~~*=*- L Console, t>. i-j *a, ^fc i
"
sahib tadblr,
Consolidate, v. (make firm),
; tadblr,
Considerately,
jammad,
jj^bj bi taammul.
muhakkam.
Consolidated,
Considerateness,
Consolidation, *si lahm, j*z>- jabr.
Consideration (mature thought), Consonance (of sound), <U, ,ir..
Jli /tjlr, ^CiJ iafakkur; (com
naghmat, LjlS Jcafiyat.
pensation),^^ t<w(M?; (motive), Consonant, .
^_ ..... inhaJt "Without considera- Consort,
H f.
tion, tojjjJu Ughayr ruyat.
zuAtr,
Conspicuous,
Consign, v. (give in charge), *Li
mazhhur, <>j*-*
madum
sallam.
ma^ruf. Conspicuous for power
Consignation, consignment, ijatyiiJ
and honour, <~s" majld. To be
tafwid, f^^J taslim.
or become conspicuous, '*
Consist . (or be composed of),
inshahar.
Ir^^c-il ishtamal %ala\
Conspicuousness, conspicuity,j\^l\
Consistence, consistency (suitable
ishtihar.
[muâhadat.
ness), iL~)lx^ manasabat, 6jsj\y Conspiracy, i&\a* tahalvf,
mwcafakat ;
(existence),
Conspirant, conspiracy,
muttajik.
Consistent (not contradictory, suit Conspirator, conspirer, . JU*
mutahalif.
mun&Ud ;
able),
CON
413
CON
Conspire, v. âllac^ tahdlafu.
Constipated, ^ *L makbud, To be
Constancy, j\j*z~>\ istimrar, CJ\-J
constipated, |>/d.Jij\ inkabad.
sabdt.
\tnl;iir. Constipation, ^Liul inkibad.
Constant, LL-olj tdbit, .<.:.> % mui- Constituent (elementary), ijl J sS<?,
Constantly, /^Jjl.Jie âla' addawam, Ujta dayman.
-Lei aZf, i^fj&jzr jawh&rtConstituent, *. (person or thing

which constitutes somewhat),
Constellation, *. jj burj, The pre

dominant constellation or star at
any person's nativity, jJUs tali^.
(one that deputes another),
Born under a happy constellation
muwakkil.
(fortunate), jJUa^Jj^^f-JUs Constitute, v. \_-~'> nasal,
'':'''-- mastiid altnatali^. The con
âyyan, ^\x>- jaâl.
stellation Aries, (J^k.1, ^ burj Constituted, ^j --- - -^ maruub,
al hamal. Taurus, j\j> burj
attater.
ajjanna.
Gemini,
Cancer,
ij+xzî mutatayyin. One consti

tuted or appointed to an office,
ijîi.* mansub.
Constitution (establishment), \_ -"'
lurj tutartan. Leo, J^!!l_y burj

al atad. Virgo, iLxJl^j ir/'
auumbulat. Libra,
Jur; a/ Mlz/in.
Scorpio,
<-r>/LJl iwr/' a^ âkrab. Sagit
tarius, ^yi!!...^ Jr;' al katos.
naib, ^^-AJ tag/in ; (law, insti

tution), ^}->^-> kanun, <LxJjJ*
iharlât (plur. f-j|ri sharayi^) ;
^system of government), j~><*J
tadblr (plur. Lul^-jJj tadblrai) ;
(natural qualities), ^ -.-]? tal~>- af
Capricorn, ^j\s\ji burj ajjidl.

(plur. OJU..-!? <oiztd<).
Aquarius, j!jJI_^j burj addalu.
Pisces, CLJâJjj burj al hut.
The
constitution of the body, j-]^

mituj.
The above are used either simply Constitutional (inherent in constitu
or compounded with _^j burj ;
tion), JU ad, (J-*\ euih;
as we say Aries, or the constella
(legal), ^jZ> ihar^l.
tion Aries.
Constitutive (essential), vjlj sd.ll,
Consternation, -j-^~ hayrat.
atll, ^j&f^ jawhari.
19
CON
414
Constrain, v. (to compel) j^>- jalar.
CON
istasMr.
To consult together,
*11? zalam, 'Z\ alzam,
Consult, consultation, HjjH**

warat; (an assembly or council),
ghasab ; (to restrain), Ly3>- /;(/-.

Constrainable, j-x+j^X^-* mwnikin
al man-., _jfSf. yujbar.
Constraint, jy^-* majlur, f^^"
multaztm. To be constrained,
*~'. iltasam.
Constraint (compulsion),
i; (confinement),
o^j-Jj dlwan, jjJ_s^ majlis.

After consultation, i iJL_*J' A*J
ia^ / tnashwarat. A person
consulted, jl *i".,.,i .> mtwtashar.
Consume, v. (spend, waste, destroy),
~-j2>- kharaj, (_J^s swaf,
t_^~ii
Consumed, J^li^ muttukal,

Construct, f. (build) j*& Dammar,
Consumable, u-gl.".-.; yantalif.
> bana'; (to form, arrange),
Consumer, . c_cl.".- mutlif,
Construction (building), j^^jt^J
Consummate, v. ^^tj tamma-m.
ta^mlr ; (arrangement), -*-> Jo
Consummate, J_^_C muiammal,
tadbir. The construction of one
J^l^ Jtdw7.
[teimJ/.
noun with another, Zi\*e\ idafat.
Consummation, |*Ujl Urnum, ,J*-Construction (meaning),
Consumption, <_j)L>! Mi!/, ^_-_ma^na' (pi. iJl- mfltdnz)
<or/j u_!^s! wa/. The con
madmun ; (explanation),
sumption (disease), J*j t?Z.
harh, ^,>>.BJ <a/r ; (judgment),
Consumptive, i&-.. mutlif; (haying
Jlc j.a*?.
a consumption), J^L^ masltil.
Construe, T. (to explain), j-^-i
ittisal, ûs mtm,
Contact,
tharah ; (to suppose), ô^ farad.
-,(,'
^
Consubstantial,
is&bu>.
Contagion,
sardyat, \j waba, ,jjiXc ^
Consul, *. (chief magistrate of a Contagious,
fMtrff,
place), Ju*jJ consul, ^jw^Lu^J.
sdrz.
Consult, v. (to ask advice) jL!L^_)t Contain, P.
Matea',
CON
415
CON
ithtainal. To contain or restrain Contemptibly, ijUs-J^J likolhakdrat.

mesek halo.
one's-self,
Contemptuous
(proud), J&^<* mutar yahtawl.
Containable,
Contained,
mtihtatca'.
C'ontaminate, v.
mashmftl,
najjas.
Contaminate, contaminated,
najet, ^_-L mulatewoi.
Contamination, LJ^najasat,
talawtcas.
Contemn, v. jixia-\ ihtakar,
Contemned, 0/ muhan, i_jJ <A///7,
Contemner, -. ^.^f* muhtn.
Contemplate, t>. JJl-j taammal,
j^'_ th&had, _!U? //,;..
Contemplation, ijui>Lli^ mushahadat,
_-' - taamnml.
Contemplative, J^'tn mvtaammil,
^* mutafakhir. Contemplative
science, i^^JtJ^ ;/// atlasawicnf. The contemplative sciences,
-x-. _,'.*-.' al iHti-.iifif al
ma^naviyat.
Contemporary, -ut mu^dsir.
Contempt (scorn), <LjL.fcl ihdnat,
jUi-\ ihtikdr.
Contemptible, j
vuutahik al ihtikdr,
haklr,
jhs* muhtakar.
Contemptibleneas,
hakdrat,
j\s^>-\ ihtik&r.
kabbir.
[wajhin muhln.
Contemptuously, ^^t^te^ji baContend, v. *rfU>- khdsatn, Jjl*jtidal, cj\j ndza^, 9jw> sdra^.
Content (satisfaction), I: , rida,
licLi kandtat. Contents (what
ever is contained), ^j^t-i* mad
mun. The contents of a book,
t_jlijlo,^-i madmun al kital.
A table of contents, Lîfahrasat.
The substance of the contents of
the letter, ^j^tîÎliLoiLi. khul&iat
al madmun.
Content, contented, ,r*\j rddl. To
be content, âj radi. To con
tent, , CJ, radda'.
Contention (strife), <tâ&- khusv.t:iiiitn:.t';<!/ ; (emula
tion), tj-s. gjntat or ghayrat.
Contentious,
*^
mukhtlsim,
[manam-.at.
Contentiously, Acj
Contest, . tejL^ ..."^nizaât. To
contest, cjlj noza^.
\jaât.
Contestable, icjL^<UJ flhi mandContext,
.t main.
3 tarklb.
Contexture,
Contiguity, contiguousness,
CON
malasakat, i_y
416
kwl, JUu!
ittital,
Contiguous, (JifLt mulasik, J1^
muttatil, iôyi //>/'.
CON
j.aj/ thurut. To contract the
visage (frown), ^.'- iutm*. To
contract acquaintance or friend
ship, i_-^>-Ls xdfoJ. To contract
a habit, Jyu taâtvwad. To con
tract debt, ,. J Jo tadayyan.
Continence, t_Axu>-1 tjtinab, <tJ-c

c.tffat, <pjj waT&<f.
[tcarrii.
Continent, JL&!J zaAW, t vj-^ mttta- Contract, s. (bargain), J\j\i bdsar,
\3j^> shart (plur.
Continently, tj*Jb-> bikol icara-..
A contract of peace, f"a"'
Contingence, contingency, jjLjLJ'l
[al takslr.
asstdh.
ittifak, cyj waktii.
[h&disat.
Contractable, ^.Contingent, c^^f j&rt>
Contraction (abridging),
Contingently, UliJl ittifakan.
ikhtjxar, j\~3i~i\ ihtisar. Con
Continual, *.)lj dayim.
traction (of the eye-brow, etc.),
Continually, U-iJj dayman,
nmttatilan.
Continuance, continuation, <
Contracted (drawn together), *i: +
madawamat, 1. J dawum,
mundam ; (agreed upon),
muieuzabat.
mashrut.
Continue, v. ^>\ iitimar, *jll Contractor, s.
mutaâhhid.
wamb.
lazam,
ndkad.
Contradict, v.
mudawam. Con- Contradictor,
Continued,
mundkid.
tinuedly (without interruption), Contradiction,
tanakud
clLiuttj lit Ili ild'itil ..
manakadat.
Contradictory, <_iJli-* mukhdlif
Contortion, La_ci!l_l^xj
al a^da, ^jJ^J talawwl.
Contraband, ^ ^
Prohibition, illegal, illicit.
Sec dontraposition, ^Ll& muk&lalat.

Contrariety, contrariness,
mttkMlafat, uJiirî ikhiili'if,
Contract, t>. (to draw together),
>_r- jnn:n-.t *_ J- (In ntnt ; (to
betrolhe), ^ khatab.
enter into a contract,
To Contrarily, contrariously, contrari'

wse, Jii- Ât/d/, *1 JwJ rfiWflrl,
CON
417
CON
Contrary, taJLs^ mukhalif, i_j)U- Contriver, *. iJuu_. ,iu wtttdtz,

thilaf, ^*sj\s mv.na.klA, jlx*
LUJcsr" muhdis, &>*<* mujid.
mughdyif. Contrary to justice, Control, 2. IL< mukabalat.
^v^t jLt. khilaf al hak. Con- Control, p. (accounts), ,JjU kabal;
trary to nature, ^ : ; ^1- L(to govern), *=>- hakam.
iMd/ attabipt.
Contrary to Controllable, \3+d\(jLt*t mumkin
addabt.
custom, jli*!lujiUi- khilaf at
mtitact.
Controller, *. (of accounts), Jj><
Contrary, 3. u-jl< khilaf, JL^ rfzâ!.
mukabil. Superintendent, j.^1
Contraries do not meet (a proverb),
amlii ; (a ruler), 2a\J natim,
^jJu mudabbir, .Jlj wall.
Controllership, <LL liu) \ _
Contravene, v. i__sJLi. khalaf,

Contribute, v. (pay tribute, etc.),
mansab al mukabilat.
t-js.JOj.JJ dafaL attakallf.
Controversial,
Contribution (tribute), y*aj msum. Controversy,
mty'ddalat,
Extraordinary contributions,
[jadal.
mubahasat.
?_, rusurn
lj bahas, J jU>Controvert, t>.
Contributor, *.
Controvertible,<ii
amttum.
hasat.
Contrite (much worn, bruised), Contumacious, Jj ix. muânid, Jt..;
mashuk ; (worn with Contumaciously, ijLacJC*
sorrow), i_jLj'L mutaassif.
Contrition, contriteness,
Contumaciousness, contumacy,
taattuf,
nadamat,
%inad, 4^*5 tamarud.
inlntar.
Contumeliously, Ijf-'V **' "tihsa,
Contrivance,
ikhtiru^,
<tiX|J>j bikolmuzammat, \ ~~~"
tahkiran.
Contumeliousness, contumely, <JJ\Ji!
Contrive, t.
ihunat, \jf~i\ istihza.
is
'-1''-',":,
ahdas
p>
Contusion, jw^fc &w, (_/i^ ra</,

is-1 aAi.
418
CON
Convalescence, iLi ihafd,

\l\ aUawcijjuhila' assahhat.
CON
tahaddas, i
o-\î tasahab,^*}
lakath.
Convalescent, â^^^J kayim Conversion,

min al marad.
\jamat..
Convene, v. (bring together), _*=f
Con
version (iii a religious sense),
Convenience (fitness, propriety),

<sL! laydkat, L~i\* munaiabat,
L.J tawlat, (L'yyyiUJi^'fj^-'
iijji\yt muwafakat.
Convenient, i_rsj-lj wajil, J>JJ
Jonvert, v. (change), J Jo ladal,jjic.
arrtf/flc. ila' attah b$ tawbat.
layek, t-^-jlx* niunatib,
ghayyar; (to appropriate to any

use), ^/a-ai- khassai ; (to be
muwafik.
changed), ^-ij tayhayyar.

Convert, . ^^-O dakhil.
See
fakat, aLjU^J^J bilcolmunasabat.

Convent,
Proselyte.
See Abbey, Converter, s. i_^JJL mukattib. The
>3 dayr.
monastery.
Convention, . (_/-isr* mty'lis ; (con
tract), jUJl ittifak.
yuta^dihar.
iu^ waktf %ala',
Conversant,
converter ofhearts,t-Jji-^ \ i ^ ' s -

mukallib al kulab.
Converted, i -^ - -^ munkalib,
_>.)JU maklub, i^jjj-a^t matraf,
_jA-,f^ ma^tuf.
Convex,
-..
Conversation, LJIC mukalamat,

Convey, f. JwSJ nakal.
Cheerful conversation, Conveyance (carrying), JAJ nail;
(passage), j^s. ûbur; (assign
Irf gshrat. A man agreeable
ing), f^^-'J taslim, ^^Jf-; ta^yln.
in conversation,
* _i l
Convict v. (of guilt), cu^5! alat ;

rrtrf al kalam,
(to confute), ,
nakad.
[nuubut ajjartn.
attaâm
Convict, convicted,
iishrat. After meat con

versation
(Arabian
proverb)
al
Converse, r. lô takallam,
Conviction, c-'Lj) itb&t,
Convic-
coo
419
COP
tion of guilt, ^./r't^jLj' inliu/. Cook, . iîj tnlmkh.

ajjarm.
Cooked,
Convince, t. ijuwl asbat, m_~- kana^.
Cookery, i*
Conrincible, ^-'JLj yvnkani^.
Cool, jj[> lurid. Constitutionally
Convincing, *_.! tnukni^. A con
/. '7 //,/
cool, _'JA!!
vincing proof, ts^^m-Z /"'//'ft
Cool, v. or make cool, 0^ larrad;
wadihat.
[mitkni^.
(to become cool), J^J barad. To
Convincingly, ^L+^&srg biwajhin
become cool or indifferent in any
Convivial, *jjj nadlm.
thing, jii fatar,ji\ij^ sarfatir.
Convivial entertainment, *. con
Cooled (grown cold), 0)\j l&rid.
viviality, <5jL^ diydfat. A con
Cooler, *. (a vessel in which any
vivial companion, *j Ju midi/it.
thing is cooled), J^ tnubarrid.
Convocate, p. convoke, IcJ <&zc<Z.
Coolly (without heat), irJ^J^J
To convoke an assembly or council,
Mkol burudat.
^J-s^l t*1^" Jamat. a^ mafli*Ck>nvocation, <tj,4>y^ycj '(>->>>! Coolness, s^jj> burudat.
Coop, *. (for fowls), fjoia kafca.
ajjamîyat.
A convocation,
j^/Jusr* majlit, <S.**s>- jamîyat, Coop, v. jâialb^jj wada^jbil kafat.
Co-operate, v. ^Jjiio ljii-!ji*Li
cL*i?-^ tj'tima^, y^jJO dltcan.
^ji^jLcjl saâd ahhudan /i fi^lin
Convoy, .(road-guide), J_jllk> dalul;
awâla' shy.
(a travelling guard),îc ghafar.
Convoy, . laiU*. Ad/<. To convoy Co-operation, J>JicLu* muia<.adat.
Co-operative, jLcL*u musattd.
by sea, yili gMfar,
Co-operator, *. <J?*j raflk, tlXî>
tJu<Muy xlmr'ik ll',nni aI.
Convulse, . ,JJiJ nakal. The con
vulsions of a mad dog or of a Co-ordinate, i-j r*&i> ford martabat,
person bit, *yl] lalacat.
Convulsive, i_?jJ- mvlawwi.
Copartner, .
Copartnership, cJl^-s-i\ ithtirak,
Coo, e. (as a dove), i_r. 7?to/.
Cook, . ^.Q? tabfikh. A cook-room,
&-\j> sharakaf.
[mansukh.
Copied, JjA^ mankul,
-_L< matlaJth.
COR
420
COR
Copier, copyist, t. JJiU ndkil,

Cord, ,
kutib, *\j nusikh.
Cord-maker, . J^" fiabbdl.
Coping (of a wall), ij âlawat.
Cordial (sincere, hearty),
-^ *
kulhi, fA^+^c samwil ; (invigor
Copious, j~& Tcaslr,
jazll,
ji\j wafir, o\j tD&ft
\ zdkhir,
ating, exhilarating), - ^
mufrifi, &* mubhij.
ji^L ghazir.
Cordially (heartily), i
Copiously, \j^> Ttasiran, etc.
ân samtm al kalb.
Copiousness, i'îi kasrat, etc.
Cordwain, Corduban or Morocco
Copper, (jwW1 nahas.
leather, ^Lxs.-5 sakhtiyan.
Copper, . (caldron), ^hi kit-tin.
Coppersmith, . (juula^ nahhds.
Copper mines, (jyuloc^Juc* muitl
Coriander, i\jij> kuzbara. Coriander

seed, IjyJli-*- habbat assaicda.
nahus.
Copperas, ^d.\^\j zdj akhdar.
Cormorant, *. (bird), 6yjSu\ aifar&d.

Corn, t-r^->- hubub. A single corn
Coppery, .j-iW nah&sl.

Copulate, v. (unite), c-akr.
J^j watal.
Copulation, A*<L_
g.jj tatwif.
Copulative, ,J-ej tctull. A. copu
lative conjunction, ickcij^
Aar/ â^/.
Copy, . (not an original), JLs*'*'
naakhat, 'ijê liirat ; (foul draft),
or grain, <to~ habbat. A cornmerchant or chandler, <

Cornelian, . ^jUiu iti
Corneous (resembling horn),
Corner, s. Zij\j sauriyat.
The
exterior corner of the eye, i__.: J

^^ tanab al ;//;>.
Cornet, . (trumpet), ^^ fax, ^.^L
naflr ; (a standard-bearer), ,
jlj bayrak dar.
Copy, p. JAJ
Cornice, *. ijilc 'âlawat.
Coquet, p. jJcju tagha.ni.ar.
Cornigerous (horned),
JL . j zu
Coquetry, *^Jai ghandarat.
/ karnayin.
[itmam.
Coquette, i.jjJkXi ghandur.
Corollary, .
natij&t, *!
Coral, ^j^
marj'dn. A coral Coronation, *.
bead,
marjanat.
COR
421
COR
Coronet, _L; taj.
Correspond, v. (suit),
Corporal (relating to the body),
talak. To correspond by
letter,
Correspondence
(suitableness),
kJJu badanl, ,_yjuus>- jasadi ;

(material), (JU*ui>- jitmanl.
Corporally, 4_jjujus>- c yo bi
jatadl.
Corporate, ...ij>V mutajassim
Corporation, *. <LcL*
&jfcjj^ aUhirfat.
Corporeal, ^
Corpse, . **-?- /
Corpulence, corpulency
Corpalent, ~*&- jatim.
Correct, v. (punish), L_-oU l
\jo*>\i kdsat ; (to amend),
tattak.
Correct (finished with care), J
mutall.il:.
mwahhah.
Correction (punishment), <__>LJu
muwafakat,
mutulakat ; (intercourse),
taldkat,Mjjtaraddud. A literary
correspondence, ijlL mukiitabat,
<iA~j^ muraialat.
Correspondent, corresponsive (suit
able), fjji Idyik, (JJ^yt muwafik,
Correspondent, . i_.-~jlC mukdtib.
Corrigible (amendable),_5Le!JI^*,
mumkin al islah ; (punishable),
Corroborate, v. JuLi shayyad, ^ji
kawwa'.
Corroborated, k^^ makawwa' ,
tXi^ muayyad.
{itkubat; (emenda
Corroboration, <Oyij takwriyat, >--_.*J
tion),
tathlh,
tashyld, JLO\J taayld. \_mukawwl.
tddib.
Correctly, is^Jî UTwl sahhat, Corroborative, corroborant,
Corrode, v. |_Jj\ akal, . ... *>
AijJ^J l/ifo'l dikkat.
Correctness, Us.-** sahhat, <s^s dikkat. Corroded, J^'ll* muttakil.

Corrosive,
Corrector, *. (punisher), i_
Corrupt, *. JLUJ! afiad. To corrupt
muâkil . (an amender),
(bribe), Lij rasha, ijlsj lartal.
mutallih.
Corrupt, JwjU fdsid, JUM&* mafiUd.
Correlative, t. >ju,>v ^ mantub,
ro/j.
Correlatively, -t
Corrupter, . Juui< mufsid.
aiibatan.
Corruptible, jUl 1 Jj li io}7 alfatdd
cou
cou
422
Corruption, jLui fat&d ; (matter in Covenant, . fC c.(jM, lÎl

J J .hf "'.
a sore), ^s kayih; (bribery),
Covenant, .-. '_-,_:
ra&hwat.
lartll,
\\ Jjt mSyil Cover, *. \lac ÂaW. A cover (pre
Corruptive,
ila' alfasad.
Corruptly, J
Corruptness,
likolfasHd.
Uy ktiwat alfasad
text), jjkc jwzr, iic ^tYfoi, JJtj

taâllul; (defence), &J\~asiyanat,
ill**- himayat.
+.*+
Cover, v. 1_kc ghatta'. To cover

(as a hen her eggs), (<j-i- hadan.
Cosmical (relating to the world),
To cover (as a horse does a mare),
dunyawl.
Cosmographer, *.
'?/,/'/./ rtum addunya.
Jl- /r,/-.
Cosmetic,
.-^^-*
Cosmographical, LjjJ^*-),
^-
Coverlet, . i_sis- lihaf.

Covet, v. .jfi.^ ithtaha'.
Coveted, <UJ
*^
Covetous, _.
mansub larasm addunya.

likol
hayyat Covetously,
Covetousness, **b
c.
addunya.
Cough,
<LX-j
sa^lat.
Cost (charge),
Mar;' ; (price),
<U-3 lilmat (loss),
mu- Cough, 0. J*-* *..'. r//'. The noise
made when coughing,
darrat.
nahnahat.
Cost, v. uJ
Council, *. (^/J^sr* majlit,
Costiveness, ^Liul inkibad.
jamaât, ^^_jJ dlwan,
Cotemporary, c^jij J^ fard wakt.
mahfal. A general council, y
Cottage, *. cote or cot, ~ kukh.
*lc dlw&n iSm. A privy council,
Cotton, ^ Vi ii Ao^n. A cotton
dlw&n khat.
dresser, _i. AaZ%'. The art of Counsel (advice), iiyiu* mashicarat,
dressing cotton, <fe>-3L>. hfflnjat.
Lfâj natihat. Good counsel,
Made of cotton, ^_.- kotnl.
u.-sL:^-1^ ray su/-/A.
Bad
Cosmography,
Couch, . j^]/ fir&sK. A. travelling

couch,
rwcun.
counsel, Jk-jli,_f*\j ray find.

Counsellor of state, *. ^J^ tcozlr
COU
423
COU
(plur. \jjj teataru),j~~* mmhir

maJtk&Uf,
hukm
munakid.
Counsellors ofstate, ^\ji jJ \ <-_>\jj\
Countermand,
v. ^~^> nakad.
arbab addlwun.
Countermarch, s.
Counsellorship,
mamab alwazir.
\&cîjjc\\st tayr al
bi IMaf mu. azharuh lila^dd.

Count, r. L_ - -1-^ hdsab, t\c âd,
^- - >j> !''.</. To count (es Countermarch, v.
sayyar al
teem), jfi.\ i^talar.
bikhldf
ma
azhuraho
lila^da.
Count, c_>Uu- hisab.
Countenance, J-^~* mamar, ij+*e Countermark, .
inli'ini'tt didd -surat, &>-j wajh. A beautiful
countenance, JM-^>- .',_?-. wajh Countermine, s. **lju?*xl lighmdidd
jamll; (favour, protection), iUhimayat.
\hdma\ Countermine, v.
Countenance, . iXcL> sdâd, (j"^*- Countermotion, i_^
Countenancer, . ^ls- muâm!,

-V^ t
..'.-'(/-..''.
harakat didd harakat.

Countermure, . (wall behind wall),
Counteract, . iâlUi. khdlaf,

Counterbalance, ,
Counterbalance, p.
. _ :':am.
ft' imad ghayroh.

Jjlc
Counternatural,
[tallg.
_t--i-^
ghayr
Counterpane, *. ^j!Jjtiii_ilk. lihdf

Counterfeit,
*. (counterfeit, im
ihuyhul ibrat.
postor), ,iiuLi ghashshash, .l* Counterplea, . <>\)>- jawab.

makk&r,j\s. ghadddr. Counter Counterplot, . i_flllaer;l,Lci_6!W;
feit (imposture),
Counterfeit, counterfeited,
muzatrwor.
tahdluf tala' tahaluf.

Counterpoise, . *->j\y mutoatanat.
Counterpoison,
didd assam.
Counterfeit, v. Jtl* kallad,j)j iatewar. Counter-security, i
kafdlat mtuhtaralcat.
Counterfeitly, ijAc gttadran, ]/)/
taweiran.
Counting-house, s.
Countermand, . u_cJls'*r*1 amr
maktal at tajir.
cou
424
CRA
retinue of a prince,
Countless, <_jL>-L bilu. laidb.
-j .,..-*Country, *. (region), jL balad (pi.
hasham wa khadam.
watan ; Court, t>. (flatter), ^jL. mattak. To
SL Ulad} ; (native),
A
native
(people), Jjb\ ahl.
court a woman,
watan
JC*s^\jô\ azhar al muhabbat.
country,
haJnkl.
Country (rustic), ^jji barri.
Countryman, i. _Jj falldh.
Couple, . jj zawj.
Couple, f. (marry), _.j satvtcaj.
To court or solicit, v_Us <a/i,

û^Jl iItarn its.
Courteous, i_C;.Vii /a/. See Affable.
Courteously, i_dVA) JI/M^/.
Courtesan, courtezan, *.
Coupled, (^)fey mawsnl. Coupled

Courtesy, courteousness, courtliness,
i\Js zarafat, ijlla! latafat.
Couplet, ic-J bayt.
[jaraat.
Courage, iicL_s-' shajdiOt, *'\j-s? Cousin, . (uncle's son), ^^^ *^
tarn; (aunt's son), ^Ls-^^ ibn
Courageous, z\s^ shajdt, i^$f>-ja/rl.
Male ; (relation), <---/> karib.
Courier, ^^ 10,^1, tb-a^ posta.
Cow, *. XjA) lakara.
Course, . (race), u-i^-i sharaf;
Coward, *. ^-^- jaban, JjJ itattt.
(race-ground),
(way), &j& larlk, J--~> tabll; Cowardice, cowardliness,
jabanat, HJ&J baladat, J>*-^ kasal.
khilufat ;
(succession),
(custom), jlc -Jiiliit ; (method), Coxcomb, . (a vain boaster),^JS>Ui^
in matrimony, ,,'jj^ mumwwaj.
atlftb. A water-course,
tarikma.
mutabahl ; (the comb of a cock);

LLCjJUb taj addlL
Court, *. (palace), j-a kasr. A Coxcombical, .>- Is fdjir.

court ofjustice, <us"i mahkamat. Coy, jtM^s.-^ muhtashim. To be coy,
Jij wakkar.
A court before a house,
what,
safin. A court or Coyness, L=- haya, j\jj wakiir.

quadrangle, <k>- L: aAo<. A couri Crab, ji)^~) sartdn.
in inns where they load caravans. Crack, . (chink, ^j-i shik (plnr.
iAfi. The court or
etc.,
Cracks in moun-
CRA
425
CRE
tains), jju sughur ; (a flaw, de

kharif, ^f*^" majnun,
fect), fjaaj noke.
[sharat.
kharfiin.
Crack, v. (split), Jî that, S
Cream, <JU-J kaymak, <dij kashta,
Cradle, i\f mahd (pi. jj^, muhud).
i'jjj zubdat.
Craft, craftiness (fraud), * makr, Crease, . (fold), ^ U <d-s- hllat, jJui r//<r<V. Craft
(plur. ^liM maâwz).
(trade, art), tjj*. hirfat, ^ fan. Crease, . ,_?.!? <a?a'.
Craftily, l^joi ghadran.
Create, v. jL>- khalak,
Crafty, ,^^1, malaîbji,
(to invest or appoint),
ghadddr, cjU^ khddi^.
samma', '_ ^'< nasab.
Cragged, craggy, lilc
Created,
^* makhluk.
Cram, v. ^S^- hasha'.
[muhshi. Creation, Aftlri. khalkat.
Crammed, (_fi^s' muhtashi,^^-* Creative (having the power of crea
Cramp, j^ maehkal.
tion), <_JU. khalik,
mukhlik.
Cramp, v. (confine), (J^La dayyak,
Creator, s. jJU- Mufr/fc,
jo* katsar.
wiwirfz. The Creator of the uniCrane, *. (bird), ^J kirkl (plur.
if
kar&kl) ; (a machine for

raising great weights),
manjanik, li-Û macehina.
Crash, . iep karkaât.
Crave,*. (_-*!!> fofo}, j^^*^! iltamas.
Craanch, t>
Kubuijd
Crawl, v. c_>J Aii,
Craziness (imbecility),
*aid/a< a/ fcai/, ^s^
and men, (j*LU1J(i;_JljiLi

khallak ajjin wul nas.
The
Creator of the wonders of the
world, j
icyayib al âlam.
Creature, *. JjLa-* makhluk, iijjs*
makhlukat (plur. Cjlî^ makhlukat), iijLi. khallkat (plur.
(of
J^Ls- khalayk). Creatures (all
mind), (-J^ kharaf.

Crazy, iiL*
(broken witted),
verse, CuUjliJljlLi. khallak al

kaynat. The Creator of demons
things which God has created),

-
4JJlji4>U ma khalak alldh. A

rational creature,
426
CKE
haywan natik. An irrational

creature, (â\jj^.^y!~ haywan
gJiayr natik.
Credence (belief), oL&c1 i-Jib~nl,
jUicI i-Jii,ii'il, jjUj! iman.
Credential, ^jl
i^tikadl.
Credibility, credibleness, >.
iitimad.
Credible, *-*-* mu^tabar,
iHUs.t(l.fi\(ld.
C
I_>\A". rjiu
^?--M. .L^
. J
CRI
Creditableness,
i^tibdr.
Creditably, jLi
bitol iitibar.
nudayyin, *j -
Creditor, s.
^
Credulity, credulousness,
zwrf a? i^tikad.
Credulous, jL-ft-a.r.^11
.i'u.
[imdn.
Creed, s. ^Lolil^yLs kantn al

Creek, *. (of the sea, etc.) ^J_=l.
khallj.
mustawjib al i^timad.
Credibly, ^.\1 ^ -. i-\ i^timddan, Creep, v. i_o-j tahaf.
\ashfale).
IjLJia^ tdhklkan.
Crepuscle, ^~ shafak, (pi. j'-^ '
Credit (honor, reputation), j\*~c-\ Crescent (new moon), J5L&
i^tildr, uJ^ sharaf. Of no
(plur. iLb! ahillat).
credit, j\ ..:. r.\L-i Hid i^tibdr ; Crescent, creseive (growing),
(testimony), i'j\ c ,A shdhddat ;
ndmz,
- '--
(authority), ijj3 kudrat ; (con Cress, cresses (herb), _'_!-. rathdd.

fidence, belief), ^L^-iJ iman,
Water-cresses, ^s karrat,
J '..*.-' i^timdd, jUi^cl i^tikdd.
L*! 1 rashdd al ma,
To sell upon credit,
jarjir al md.
i7 rfayw. Credit (promise), Crest, *. i'
kumbarat.
- - /'/(.. kttmbarat.
Crested,
Credit, v. (believe), .xarj.l i^takad; Crevice, *.
(to trust, confide in), J>.^ -._r i Crew, *. <tcU^>- jamdiat. The crew
i-J<Diuiil ; (to give credit, or lend),
albahriyat.
of a ship, <0
(jayi kitfml; (to give credit or Crib, . (ox-stall),
w<Jlf//(pl.
do honor to any person or thing),
maûlif); (a cottage),
kukh.
[wada^_ bil kafas.
\ i^tabar.
Crib, ' . (put in a cage), *-J b _^ ,
Crcditable,^~A mu^tabar,
-cijil, al ! t
sarsur.
Cricket, s. (insect),
427
CRI
Crier, t. i_jli^ munddl, J2j dallal.

Crime, . *j>- jarm (plur.
jarayiin , *!' ism, i*^*JJ
(plur. t_.>yj eawflJ).
To com
mit a crime,
- ^ janna',
*_-" L_ ,("jl i.i-takab al ism.
Criminal, ^sr* mujrim, *-jl <MI/,
A>u..- muftid.
Criminally,
CRO
tddib, fus3 taftir, .rj
i AorA.
Croceous, ^jif-j ta^farcin

Crockery (earthenware),
Crocodile, s. _lu/J' timsah

Croisade, . (holy war),
mujahadat,
[mujrim.
arra^Z.
(,.s* fls^-j> litcajhin
Criminalness, Hoi- lihatH.
Crook (shepherd's staff),
Crimination, <Lld thakayat.
Crook, .
Crimson, crimosin,
Crook-backed,
Cripple, p-
Itirmizl.
; (plur. c
^-"-^^ inhana', JL*

munhani,
(_> A-\ ,'//./</;, _-_.\^-' muhaddab.

Crooked, ^j*
Cripple, v. ,j.
munhani.
Crookedness,
Crippleness,
Crop, *. (of corn, etc.), ,Jai
J.îs-' mahiUl.
The crop of a
i yaiem al buhran.
Crisp (curled), -i^
bird, JL>}. hawsafat.

Crop, . i.\î>- hassad.
Cropped, cropt,
Crisp, f. <^.^<^ kn-.n-nh ; (to twist), Crore,.(ten millions) ^JJ . J_. i^l
/^j I'urnm.
[talamat.
malyonat.
Criterion,
(jluJ nis^dn,
Cross, *. >__>.lw? saJzi.
To nail on
Critic, *. i_^*A4 muiayyib.

a cross, i_^ .///>.
Cross, .
Criticise (judge accurately),

(vexation), j-JOwaj torf?^, Usdakkak, t_i->ac7 4aA* ; (to cor
rect), (_-,%k)\ addab; (to comment Cross (adverse), t__s)ls"* mukhdlif;
upon), -i sharah ; (to censure),
mayshum ;
(perverse),
* J tarn, *'. l&m, ^-\ vablakh.

Criticism,
(contradictory), {fjai\^ munaktd,
llsr1 mukh&lif.
CEO
Cross, adv.j* âbr.
428
CRU
Ji kattal ; (to dignify),
Cross, 0. (mark with a cross),
akram; (to adorn), ^j tayyan;

maha,' ;
sallab ; (to cancel),
(to complete), **i' temmom ; (to
(to pass over),^-* âbartj^ mar ;
reward), ,5*^ kafa'.
(to counteract), i_aJU>- khdlaf,
Jrowned, _^. mutawwof, JLL*
^jas\j nakad; (to obstruct), Jk-;
mukallal. To be crowned, J>'
sad.
[kabal.
\jnaslfib.
ta.ta.wwaj.
Cross-examine, v. ^ja^ fahas, Jju
Crossly (athwart), jff %abr (oppo Crucifix, .
s s/i.
Crucifixion,
sitely), j^^-JLxJLj bilâks, \&a
salab.
Crucify, v.
diddan.
[>at.
** masliib.
Crossness (perverseness), i^ J; radd- Crucified,
Crude (raw), ,liCross-way, . (a place where cross
Cruel, Jlii
ways meet), jyl* mafrak, <j^j^>
Cruelness, cruelty, jii ZM/OT.
Cruet, *. (for vinegar, etc.) A *> _. .^)
Cross wind, *.
shlshah.
mukhulif, Jc
Cruise, s. (at sea), <jii!jj bolta.
Crow, . (bird) lj
Cruise, v. tbAji^ carnal bolfa.
ÂtraJ, jU iai.
Crumb, crumbs of bread, tuLij
salt.
Crow, . (as a cock),
J.^s::l fitat al kubs.
Crowd, . j-*s>Crumble,
v. (break into small pieces)
izdiMm,
/om^ Aoair, /
cîi fattat ; to fall into small
Lta~j zahmat.
pieces), <^.~~.i~i tafottat.
Crowd, v. /-]/ tastaham.
Crumbled, iZJfJL* maftut.
Crown, *. \
Crupper (of a horse), Jj kafal.
Crowns richly adorned with
Crush, v. (bruise, squeeze), (
jewels,
sahak, J J dakk, J*. /*aZ.
Acrownofglory^lsdjlil.-lj'
Crushed,
J^"~* ><wAi.
ifi&har. A golden crown
I^Jtl j /(// ZH/til?:
Crown, u. (a king)
Crust, -JJ kithr, jJ ki*hr*t.

Crust, t1. jZ*s kasJishar.
CUF
429
Crusted, jîJL* makshiir.
GUN
Cuirass, . ^J,j taradiyat,
Crutch, g. S:\Lc
-.ikkfiziii.
_y
Cry, n. (aloud), _U *aA, -.U nuh, Cuirassier, *.
fudn' ,
walwal; (to Cull, v. L-âcol intaihab,
ikht&r.
weep, shed tears), j-<
Culler, i. (^*sMst muntakhib.
(to proclaim), ,_jli nuda',
[mvjrim.
ashar. To cry down (defame), Cully, r. j^ûx ghash.
Culpable,
jzii,
lîrd; (to
prohibit), _x mtum-.. To cry Culpableness,culpability,lk>. khata.

Culpably, ^c.-J
up (applaud), J^ hamad.
zanbin,
*fte>-]) biwajhin mujrim.
Cry, *. -L
; (lamentation),
^J tanwlh; (weep Cultivate v. (the earth), -r* /a/<zA,
ing), _-. jj tin!,ni',: (a squall),
; (to
_.!j waltcalat, v_.^?'V TiaAzi.
meliorate anything), **" tallah.
The cry of a pack of dogs, -cu
Cultivated, fjj_/ matru^
Crystal, jjL bailor.
Crystal, crystalline,
Cube, . i__^xi /</:.//
ballori.
Cubeb (drug), iLLS

Cubical, cubic,
nn<l;u-.-,al>,
Cubit, *. JicLo .M?;("(/ (plur.
Cultivation, culture (of a country),

ziruât, <J.-.^-^l-j faldhat,
ta^mlr ;
(improvement
in general), Uiij! irtika, ^Ji
tarakkt, iJy tarbiyat.
Cultivator, . cl^l*- Mras, Jii
fallah.
Cuckold, . JJAI.-' j dayyus.
Cummin,
^yi& Jeammun.
Cucumber, j Li- Jchiyur.
Cunning, crafty, ^La-L-^s-Ls sahib
Cue (bint), i^Lil ishiirat,
hilat,j&* maMar ; (intelligent),
kinayat, 1=! /.A;w. Cue (tail),
Jlc ii'ili/ii, c_ ^-\ In liib.
i_^Jj danab.
Cuff, .'. (box), <uU /u6f//; (a Cunning,

sleeve),
almam*).
(plur. /
cunningness
(artifice),
^. ghadr, J^ kayd,
;/.
CUR
CUE
430
Cunningly, &Ju=-Jw bikol hllat,

Jujj bikol I-/' i/i/.
[akduh.
(elegant), i_c;^ zart/; (rare),

jil\j nadir, >^~*s.~ âjib, i^^j-c.
Cap, ,-., jJi l.-iiiluli (plur. _Lv_-l
gha/ril.
Cup, v. (bleed with the cupping- Curl, s. x iiMf- ja^dat, <uL-. hdlakat.
Curl, . (the hair,
glasses), +-hajam.
jaâd tuhiha^r,
Cup-bearer, jLj sakl.
Currants
(Corinthian grapes);
Cupola, s. iv-o Tsubbat, <tJ
kishmish.
Cupper, s. (bleeder by cuppinghajim. A cup Currency (of money, etc.),
glasses)
ping-glass, <LlsM(jyul kas al
Current, ^j\=r jarl, ^\j ruyij.
hajumat.
Current (common), j*&~* mashCurable, L^lJ^._C. mumkin ashhwr, *\s. '-''Hi. (f*y*. t
shafu, is\3t^t\(:^^t mumkin al
To be current, i^fj^- jarl.
muâlajat,\A^\\l^j\j kalilathshafa
Curableness, ^s'U^JliJjU kabiliyat Current, . (stream), (_).- sayl.
-..:,,,al muâlajat, LLlJi^lC*! imkan Currently (generally),
' wajh
man,
alburnum,
Curator, *.
wakll.
[rfueaj.
kafatan.
Curb, v. (a horse) *s! lajam; (to Currentncss (general reception),Vy
restrain), L*J dabat.
Currier, *. (leather dresser)
Curdy, curdled, *J^sV munjamid,
dabbuffh. A currier's shop,
jJixx munâkid.
dallaghat.
Cure, . Ae ct'%', |J <?aâ.
Curry, v. (leather), jjJ dalagh.
tl_
i
Cure, t>. (jjio d&wa', -fit cafo/.
To curry a horse, j-^- has, (jfi
ashshafd.
Curate, *.
Khun.
To cure with salt, ^* maUah.
kashsJiak.
Curiosity (inquisitiveness),
Curse, . (malediction), iot! Inîut,
tafahhus. A curiosity, <t ~E Curse, . ^ foâw ; (to afiiict), *i
tvhfat, i^jli nddirat.
Curious (inquisitive), ^.u, <> ^cu< Cursed (detestable), ^ >.J /(.-c/w.
(plur.
mutajassis, .ax^M.t mustaksi ;
ens
431
CUT
; (impious), ^J-J J>_jJ Custom, *-, f(M (pi. *y*j rusum),

zandik, &&-* mulhid. ifay he be
i'juiU kdiidat, y^li iafi,
iijlc -.(7rff(/!. Ancient custom,
cursed, may the corse of God be
v.v-*-.-) ram /-'.///,;; (impost),
upon him, A . Ir.xLil^jti la-^nat
0
_.!.- Tcharaj, iJs- jatiyat. A

attah iallhi (speaking of the devil ) .
custom-house, <-L^>* I imruk.
Cursorily (hastily), 'lic^ sura-Mn.
Customable, customary, customed,
Cursoriness, iiic ghafiat.
. s-*>-;_i rcaml, J>^.x, ma^hud,
Cursory (hasty), -Lc^J^j Ukol
i_jyt maluf, oU*^ mu^tdd.
tur-~at ; (careless), Jjlc ghafil.
Customably, customarily,
Curtail, v. joa kassar.
Curtailed, jêJL* muktasar.
Curtain, *. t^LS1 hijul, (t-jLyj
barddyih. The keeper of the cur
tains (a
chamberlain)./' c_-^^~L5>\
-.
i
hafib.
Curvated, curve, curved, |A*-
munhani, (_). L mdyil.
Curvature, curve, J-^ woy?.
curved line,
munhoni.
Curve, .
Customer, . (purchaser), tjîu*^*

mitshtarl, My} zwJ"'*.
Cut, v. jJai Aaâ^; (to overpower),
ghalab. To cut in pieces,
lulu-. l;n.!a -^
To cut off (separate), jjy
(kill), Jiifoto?; (intercept),
J^âll kataâltarik; (put an end
to), *^*3 tammam ; (interrupt &r
silence), *iXll^ki kataâlkalam;
(abhreviate),^3i:i.\ ikhtasa/r. To
Curvilinear,
it
munhani, or
a/ /;/!>< tf. el munhani.
Cushion, s. iX\*M.< masnad (plur.
j^' '__ ninîiniii'.. A cushion on
which they pray, jjLsr1 sijja.de.
cut out (shape, form),jjj sawwar ;

(contrive), JJ^ ibtada^, tj^^
ikhtara^, (excel) ^Lcjls/dA- ca/a*.
To cut up (as a butcher) *?3 zabah;
(to overcome in argument), ^&j)
I **
Custody, care, !o&. Az/z, ^LL>hiraaat ; (confinement),
barhan. To cut across, ki katt.

To cut (carve or engrave),
nakash ; (circumcise),
khatan.
DAM
432
DAL
nmnkatii, Dam (mother), jil w,

walidat ; (a mole to confine
(wounded,
water), I
majruh.
mangled),
sadd.
Cut (piece, part), <*LJ> kitât. Cut 3am, i'.
Damage (detriment), *;
(fashion), JCi thikl.
s&rat, \ * darar, SfO^t mudarrat ;
Cutlass, *. i_(i,...i soy/.
(retribution, fine, reparation of
A sword-
Cut, part, past,
c yj_x_. iiKiidn-,
damage), s\ i^p""* mujazdt,
cutler,
Cutter, *
inukafat, jj-^\â
addarar.
Cut-throat, .
Cycle, *. (periodical space of time), Damage, v. j^=>- khassar,^ darr ;
(to receive damage), j-aj\ andar,
jjj <ZaY (plur. j\jJ\ adwar).
The cycle of the sun, ^j}<* Damageable, j.*2-^\ *** mumkm
(jM*J^\ dawr&n aehsftams. The
cycle of the moon,
dawaran al kamar.
Cypress (tree), i^> tanoat.
D.
Dagger, s-jSî- khanjar.
Daily, adj. ^ yawml, adv.
U.-J yawman fayawman.
Daintiness (dislike), f^f karah.
Dainty (delicate), i_a.li 1
Dainty, *. (j-J^J nafayis.
Dale, *. (_fjlj toddl.
Dalliance, ^jLtJ ; (procrastination)
j_ji' tawakkuf.
Dally, p. (fondle) ^^
delay), jc t
addarur.
Damascene,
s. (damson, damage
<y* or (
plum), u
D&mishk, *
Damascus,
ashshdm.
Damask (silk),
khatun,
Dame (lady), ^
Ml>/<lt'l . i^$* lH(
ijî-j siniora.
Damn, v. ^
Damnation,
Damned, ^
jahannaml. The damned,
-, ahljahannam.
[ratib
Damp (moist), <~^j ratib,
Damp, . (vapour), j\s? htkhar(fl.

ab khurat).
[JJj
mallak; (to
Damp, v. (moisten),
DAB,
433
DAT
Dampishness, dampness, ij
Darkly (without light)
nadawat,
>j rutubat.
âla'al^ttma; (blindly) L
â/a' alâmyan
Damsel, e:
bint.
Darkness,
iulij sulmat, * > zaldm.
Dance, .
rakt.
Darling, k_J^s mahbul, jytot<
Dance, v.
rakas.
ma-,shuk (fern
mahbubat,
Dancer, *.
rakkus.
Dancing-master, .
muDart, *. iij*- harlot, Jf1jj- muzrdk.
âllam raks.
Darter, s, ,*<) ruml, Jui nalbdl.
Dancing-school, s.
Dash, . (together), * jLu tai&dam.
Dandelion (herb),
To dash (as the waves),
Danger, J&- khatar,
tamawwaj, Jpll' talatam.
khatorat.
Dash, . (collision), <L j'î
Dangerous, ^lisr* mukhtir,
khatlr. A dangerous affair, _!
damat ; (a line in writing),
//(//. A strait dash, *-.-juLtW_-tjo- amr khuter.
Dangerous
^
places, i_>JU_ mahalik.

Dangerously, ^ks-J^j likol khatar.
Dare, v. (have courage), j---Lf"
fcz/dw ; (to defy), ^-c.v -. J
u'-X^fcU istadâ' lilmidan.
Daring, dareful, jy^- Jasur.
Daringly, Ûu^-J^j bikoljaaarat.
Daringness, ']/^- jaraat,
ihajdât.
Dark (not light), Jdi mwdim, *
zaldm; (not perspicuous),
wuhtabah ; (ignorant),
/oAt?. A dark night,
laylat muilimat.
Dark, v. darken (make dark),
azlam, +ZA
iAaW mustakim, ,_s]\f**\33~. khatt

mutawazi. A curved or circular
dash, ^J l.v;,m.îaj- iA ?M<a(?fr.
(^jijsUtki- i^W mwnAni.
The
dashing of the waves, ,,-j 4j

tamawwij, J\y$\^&i talatum
alamwaj.
Date (account of time), *Û WriAA
(plur. *Cjly tatoarlkti) ; (dura
tion), /Lj kiyum, ,*Up dawam,
j\j*z~a\ istimrdr; (end), <U_jl_c
^dtibat; (the fruit of the palm
tree),^J tamr.
Date, p. Û! j_^j wada-r attarlkh.
Dated, +j)* mvwarrakh,
tahrlran.
DAU
434
Daughter, . kz~iJ.lint (plur. i.

banat). A daughter-in-law (son's
wife), <u
Icannat.
DAY
daughters of the breast (cares),
banat ul sidr.
Dawn
(aurora),^sr
fajir, ^.e subh ;
A king's
(the beginning of anything), \ Jcj \
daughter,
iltida. To rise or do anything
A marriageahlc
oZ maliL
laliyhat.
at dawn,o bakkar.
daughter,
, and the Dawn, v. ê sallan, ~-.~!| aslah.
The Arabic c
lanat,
are
frequently
plural
Day, *jj yawm, (plur. \>\ ayyam),
used with much elegance in a
nahar.
Night and day,
variety of compound epithets ; as,
.l^jJJ III wannar. By night
The daughter of the sea (a syren,
and day, Kl^Jj S^lllanwanharan.
mermaid, or dolphin),^srJ\LîJ
One day, on a certain day, Lyj
lint attahr. The daughter of the
mountain (echo), fj, .y''^^-.'...i
lint ajjalal. The daughter of the
lip (speech), <*" HIJ^J lint
ashshfffat. The daughter of re
flection (prudence), &\^~-M
lint alfikr. The daughter of tho
grape (wine), ^^lluîj bint
al farm. The daughters of the
Ly yawman.
,x,/%j yawm
iA&-Hl /. ya?^*
day, j^j-jiJS! *fc
A festival day,
^d.
Sunday,
? ahhad. Mon
yatm Z omin.
Tuesday, \jHl\*j.; yawm assalasa.

"Wednesday,
U-jjSUj-^ yawn*
o? orJaj_a. Thursday, ^^...^sr 1 *

yawm al khamis.
Friday, *j*
earth (rivulets), ô^lcuUj banat

tjt*s'\ yawm ajjumia. Saturday,
ul ard. The daughters of the
eyes (tears), ^.^.jJlcJUj banat
vl %ayn. The daughters of pas
time (strings of a musical instru
ment), ^lSlcuUj lanat al lahu.
The daughters of the night
(dreams),JJJ\LuUj lanat ul III.
The daughters of the deep (fish),
lanat ul ma. The
i^^^^l .' yawm assabt.
The
day of judgment, <LLji!\,^

yawm al kiy&mat. Good day !
(a salutation), ^s'lL^ solan
al khyr; (answer), ^sM_LrfU
yd, salan al khyr. Every day,
>,_) kol yawm. To-day, pl\
al yawm, .JUjjb hatd al yawm.
DEA
435
Day-break, **.*> subh.

Day or morning star, *.
nijmat al subh.
DEA
hamiyat; (weakness), \s~
Deadness of trade, oUu^ katad.

Deaf, jp(^ls1 atrash, *^! tuamm. To
Day time,Ûi nahur.
be w become deaf, (_<^;l

To
pretend to be deaf,
albasar.
tatarash, ui/L>\<OL>-J
Deacon, . Û_i thammat.
hulaho atrash.
Dead (deprived of life),
Deafen, e: ^^^L tarrash.
mutawaffi, t=-JL mayyet; (inDeafish, L^'! atrash.
A v
I
(
B
animate/, *Xb>- jamid,
Deafly, ^^^lu t tarashin.
Itta hat; (motionless), <J
Deafness, ^je tarash, <Li^ tarshat.
J7a harakat; (languid), j>
Feigned deafness, i<)
^<ytz ; vingia^, K^JlJ^b
almizaj. A dead market,
hulaho atrash.
soi?. Pretending to be dead,
Deal (fir-tree),
sanobar. Deal
tam&wat, c:
(quantity),
mayyet. The dead
kammiyat. A great dea^^j
(dead men), ey'^l amwat,
-, ik-kci.^S' kammiyat
almatcta'. Dead r stagnantwater,
azlmat.
J>-lsr*L ma/amid. In the dead Deal, p. (to distribute),
of winter, LuLJIii^j.j ji wasat
hassas, *i kassam,
aaJuhita. In the dead of night,
(to b-affic),^-b tujar. To deal
jLai j, fi mufcd layl.
by or with (to treat well),
Deadly, adj. ul$CU muhlik,
Dazzle or daze, .
- "
/ff
J\
jahar
1 !
L^...4>_- murnit, c .:-__>

4j ntueîn muhlik.
To treat or contend with, *

khasam. To deal in (practice or
Deadlj, o<fo., li'U katilan; (imbe engaged in anything), jf
arnal.
Deadness (frigidity), ifJj^j burXdat ; Dealer, . (trader), ^^jb luzargan,
(want of ardour),
/r (plur.
436
DEB
(one that has to do with anything),

A dealer at cards,
> karim warak
al tJ.
Dealing (trade), Sj^-=f* tijarat;
(business), J^c Carnal. Plain
dealing, Zi\3~o saddkat. Double
dealing, \j.j riya.
Dear (precious), j* %atit,
ghall, <U,><jJ zfi I'mfit; (be
loved), iJ^^s-* mahbub, ^j
DEC
Debarred,
mahrvan,
tnardud.
Debase, f.
nuwdud,
.J-
hakar.
Debased,
tnuhakkar,
Debate, i^lrli,* munazarat,

mubdhasat,
tj\i*i
muntiza-.at,
ci-oc^ ia/w, ^3 jLs^* mujddalat.
Debate, . (dispute), i^r< /..'.;- ;

(to deliberate), i' ._. J.,- Carnal
mashwarat.
Dearly (at a high price),
Debauch, r. (corrupt), JUMJ! -. N,,-./
4 saman ghall; (fondly),
To debauch a woman, i_-_-v
bikol -.is/i I,'.
ô^*!! Aaioi- al-^trd. [hahu>at.
Dearness (fondness),
Debauch, s. uJU^l inhimdk,
miihabbat.
\_ghalaioat.
Dearness, dearth (scarcity), ijli Debauchee, *. jSj~^
Death, ilij waf&t, '^y* mawt. To
be worthy of death, JiJL!!c_-o^^j
wajib al katl. The place (or cause)
of death, JsL* maktal (plur.
Ji_-'Lx. makatiT). Predestined
death, J^.y^\\Js>-i\ alajal al
mawi.ud. Inheritance in consequence of death,
To
cause death, Jsj katal. To con
demn to death,
hakam
bil katl. After death,
*
ba^d al mawt.
Debar, v. *j>- haram, J
Debaucher, J~i mudil.

Debauchery,
shahwal.
Debilitate, r.
Debilitated, ^?*-*? da^lf.
Debility, **Ji*a daâf or
Debonair, c_a.Vil latlf.
Debt, ^ji>j3 kard, ^j J rfayw (plur.
duyun). Involved in debt,
madyun.
Debtor, *. ^)>.&" tnadyun (fern.
[rod.
madyHnat).
tadd, J. Decade, .
DEC
437
Decalogue, .c^Lii iyljjl alâshra

kaUma' <dJ!LL>j toatayA allah.
Decamp, v. J*-; rahal.
Decampment, tL>- , rahlat.
DEC
a law-suit, *.^-f^r.V kata^ a-1

madat,
Decided, r *-^*
Decider, . *^L- hakim,
dt.
Decay, J^j sav>Sl; (fall from a Decimal, iÛrf tiiharl,

prosperous state), LyLi sukat.
Decimate, fl.^
Decay, r. ki_; aa.
Decimation
.^Lr. iishtj^jij fa^thlr.
Deceit, deceitfulness,
Decipher, v. (explain ciphers), ^~j
jL* makr, jOki Ârf
fassar, Uj2!t.lXj /a/t Z arkdm.
Deceitful, ûLi ghashshash,
Decision,
*. J^j fasl, *C- /,',,
Deceitfully,^ JJu lighadrin,<s\^>~ JC
Deceive, v. j JL= ghadar, ^Jî. ghaih ;

(to cause to err), ^^s. ghawa',
i_Us dal. To deceive the eyes (as
a juggler, ete.),^-1
Deceiver, . J\s makir,
ghathihash.
December, J^Jl ^yj ^hfim'ni al awwal
Decency, <U! layakat, c_>j! mizi,
<L~iL* mun&tabat, AS\J+ muwdfakat.
Decent, ^ laytie, i_-^-lj wo;V4,
Decisive, j-Lli ia<>j., JLi thafi.

Decisiveness, _L
Deck (of a ship), (i'a.JLi saklfaf,
r*jd\j4& dahr al markal.
Declaim, v. c.r.fr Aate/, t_-ti-^
khatab.
\khatib.
Declaimer, *. declamator, L'J"L
Declamation, jKl 1 *Lc ct7? alkalam,
il ishtih&r,
L.
V ^ - ' '- f |WWW5*IO,î31 A MUWfifik.
Decently, 'jlJC
LuiU.4 mundsiban.
Deceptibility, .JuiJI .
al ghadr.
Deceptible, (jljcj ytmgh<uh.
Deception, *>)W<thm, JL^- khayal.
Decide, r.
. To decide
r~xj ta^bir, j**Jij tafslr.

Declare, v. îl ashlar; (affirm).
^ 5 karrar.
Declension (of nouns},
or/,
" i__j-a
"
-/
L'-'J'1^; ..^j tairif ul isma.
Declinable,
mutatarrif.
declination 'descent), IJJ-A hubaf,
438
DEC
J.p maul; (bending), J~ mayl,

inhiraf.
Decline, v. (bend or lean downward),
JU mal; (to shun), i_ .'"?- ^
DEI)
decrees of God, AH 1 Lai forrfd
A j udicial decree,
hakam. [mttkaddar.
)ecree, v.
mamur,
ijtanab, jj&~\ iMaras. To de Decreed,
cline (a noun), iJâ sarra/; (to Decrepit, c**' dttilf. A decrepit
old man, j\. : ^J^rj rajal
decay), J^j 8fiZ.
aJchtiydr. A decrepit old woman,
Decline (diminution), JljJ RZ?aZ.
ijts^ âjuzat.
Declivity, . j_jA>- Aarfur. A slip
pery declivity (down which boys Decrepitude, J^
hatmi. A decretal
Decretal,
slide), <sL>-i zahlukat.
(book of decrees), *
Declivous (sloping), JjU mayl,
kitdb ul altkam.
k_^3i/ munsab.
Decry,
v. t*c. %ayyab, pJ
Decorate, . ^J zayyan.
Decuple (tenfold), i
Decorated, ^j* muzayyan.
âsharat adâf.
Decoration, decorement, AiJj zlnat.
Decurion
. (serjeant or corporal),
Decorticate, v. (peel),yU kashshar.
^ onbashl.
Decorum, i~)U^ munusabat, >JJ
LT-Vr
Dedicate P. (consecrate),
laydkat.
sa, i_JUj
'. Dedicated,
Decoy, *. <
(plur. CjbJ^yflzia^).
Decoy, . c_>A5^yazi.
Decrease v. (make less), ,_âai natkas, Dedication,
wakf; (of a book), <_>liS
Jli
kitdb. Dedications (of temples),
Decrease, ^..a;.7 tanku. The de
crease of a river, rain,
Decree, .
(plur. *U^>-
ahkam), j*\ amr (plur.

visj takdir.
cyLuJ Xj takrliat.
Deduce, v. *&z~>\ iittmtey, ^J\
antaj.
Deducement, deduction
(consequence), 6^?j nalijat.
Deduct, v. T\> tarah, k(L.-\ tukat,
Tb
439
DBF
DEF
Defamation, \fj\ iftird, *Ujl tth&m,

Deed, *. (action), J^ Carnal,
Ji^l (plur. Jlxil a/to?) j (written
evidence of a legal act), Jii-; sanad, Defamatory,
t'C... .*. ; tamassuk ; (reality), Defamer, *. (jfr*-* muftarl, Lai
iî hikut,
"Words and deeds,

waji-^l. Illustrious deeds, JUsI
Default, lk>- khata, jî ktttttr,
df-.iil Jiitiii'/itnt.
Deem, t>. ^zi\ iftakar, ^ tan,

u. -"-> hassab.
Deep, JHJ
tun -.tii,>,
Defame, t>.
j takslr, k_^JJ sanb; (de
fect), ^âftj nak.

; (gloomy), *i*^ Defeasance (annulling),
_
tniiij I' nt ii iii ;
(not obvious), ,^.li ghamid,
mahu.
Defeasible,
{Jt-i-x mughlak,
Defeat, .*\]jj\ inhizam,.*^ kasr.
mushkal, i ,.,_:._ f^t mushtabah ;
Defeat, v. *i> Junzam, u kassar ;
(sagacious), <Li\ji^
faraiat.
Deep (the ocean), .
i-ii.f ul muhtt.
mumkin
(to frustrate),
khayyab.
Defeated, *,^- munhatim, , -
mahzum.
Deepen, t>. JK*^ âmmak ; (to make
[al ibt&l.
To be defeated, *j-;jl
inhazam, ,*j\ inkasar.
gloomy or sad), *i yA.

Defect (deficiency),
Deeply, U.*fr âmlkan ; (with great
Ûsiij ia; (fault),
study or sagacity), *-lai Jljcîlj
;f,7//A, LLc ghalat, ,.-_hi ishtigh&l -.az'nu.
Deepness, ^,- ;.'-.'/. See Depth.
Deer, Jlî ghazal, *jj rl>.
Deface, . (spoil, disfigure), 'r-^*kharab, c Jj naza^, (Jks
âkcu ; (to erase),
Defacement,
hkhrtb.
Without defect, t_^-cl

Defection (apostacy), jljj^l irtidad,
^Lj!)! . Ixj ! inkar al ImSn ; (revolt)
^Lîc ct'y<?n.
[
Defective, ^jîiLj nukis,
Defence (protection),<LUj>- himayat,
rt_'ljij wikdyat, <C'W siyGnat ;
DBF
440
DEF
(apology),
(prohi Deficiency,
i-wur,
itufodn.
bition), j-i^t man^; (resistance),
AJ^W* muiuradat, <v*jlil< mu- Deficient, jÛ ndiw,J*-lc ô/'i's.
Defier, . (contemner), (i^
kawamat.
Defend, v. ^l*- hama' ; (to fortify), Defile, v. (contaminate), îJ
<d .
dannas, (j*f najjas.
,~^ hassan; (to prohibit), _~
i<zna. To defend one's-self, Defile, . (narrow passage), dlAjj
; ,~J(;ji1,-U>- hama' -.an nafso.
danasat.
To defend a cause (legally), Defilement,
/'*//<: /'Y;/ snffri&cit. Define, . (circumscribe or mark the
limits), /*r>" jazam, ^J*ai fatal,
Defendant, . (in a law-suit or
_..:; Aate^. To define and mark
criminal prosecution), cuL; .<cx*
the boundaries, JJu- hadd-ad; (to
explain a tiling by its qualities),
Defender, . (of another),
._!_ . tcasaf.
* muhdfiz,
Defineable,
t-jbyicSl^^fc^ rnwm/tm
munujid. The
alta^rlf,
c-itfjlljjlj)
/"!>> I alwatf.
defender of the faith, ^j
<''.;' 7 addln.
Defined (limited), Jj-Xs" mahdud,
Defended, iiîs:'* mahfuz,
makta^; (explained),
mahrus,
Defensible,
Defensive
mawsuf; (appointed),
mafrud.
Definite
(certain),
__l-l_;
(affording defence),
jîE^ muhakkak. Eestricted to
Defensive, *. <)Jw!odl JU- lial ul
a definite time, -^ :,.- mwcakkat.
Definiteness,
.. //./'.,
Defensively,
tahklk.
Defer, v. J^l amhal.
Deference (respect),
*>j teas/,
z\ i^tibar, Definition,
jLs^! imtiydz,
Definitive, (_j*ki kat^l, JLi thafl,
mulCitafat.
lj kati^, J^JLS^ mahdad. To
(complaisance),
give a definitive answer, ^g^
Defiance (to fight, etc.),
)l^>- a^ta' jawab shafi.
DEG.
441
DEL
Definitively, UiaS kalian.
Degree (quality, rank, station

Deflection. See Deviation.
<^-jJ darajat, ilji^ manzala
<Ljj ritlat. A high degree i
Deflower, v. (vulg. c: )ivJ fatah
i< ill al lakarat.
dignity, &AjiiLjj , aflat ialiya
bint), *;OC
Defluxion,' u^
J.'J nmul, ^
r >
Deform, v. T - -* .<''.//.:.
Degree (order of lineage), <*-~*.

numb (plur. t_jLj! ansdb). Tb
takas.
Deformed, ^_-s kablh, y...'..^
Deformed in countenance, <U^
^--f^ ! -i'ih ul manzar.
ascending and descending degree

of kindred, ej^j. J^l ustil v>
Deformedly, j.-xi^cîj lii,i<in-_j,i
Degree (proportion]
munaiabat. An astro
nomical degree, iÔ darajat
ii-Jj dakikat.
' [*c
Defonnedness, deformity, *&$ kalh, Deject, r. (make sad) to^

* ^ t - - j shaHU^ctt-.
Dejected, *-*... maghmUm.
\^
Defraud, c. ^0..= ghath,^^c. ghadar. Dejectedly, *cjô bikol gham.
Defray, p. (pay the expense), j_io
Dejectedness, dejection (lowness o
.!
.,
, ,,
.
^1 dafa^ at kharj,
~
spirits), ' J._- gatcdd, '- gham.
'afa-^ al masruf.
Deign, . (condescend) JjliJ tanaml
Defunct, f)*~j* marhum.
Deism, t_J|û tatawtovf.
Defunct (person deceased),
Deist, __v^-i... mutasaicurif.
marhum.
Defy, p. (to battle), ^JuJJu-Jik Deity, *. >2I! o?i7A, dJJl o//aA.
talab lil midan ; (to affront), Delay, iji_JijJ' tawakkuf,
lj tiikhlr.
tJLc.,_f^j\ iftara' lallhi.
[_asl.
Degenerate, ^_--' j..*.. mafsud ul Delay, D.
Degenerate, v. t_cl,r.S-1 ikhtalaf;
(grow wild as plants),
lawahhash.
Degradation, Jj.
Degrade, v. Jjc.
Degraded, J.X,
To ask a delay,
mahlat,
istamhal.
talal
Delegate, v.
arial wakll.
Delegate, .
wakala.
Delegation,
wakll (plur. K,
[niyabat.
wakAlat,
DEL
442
DEL
Deliberate, v. J^JO' tadawal,J>\i Delight, v. (give pleasure)

tazukar, fi\jj tawdmar.
sharah, JJ Zazz, *ff.\ abhaj.
Deliberate (circumspect), (_-*;- L> Delighted, i -*u^ ma-srur.
IsL-^s.-! sahib ihtiyat, t_r~&-Ltf Delightful, delightsome, .tu-t mutur.
mudabt\~j\ sahib
jj jj lazis, fjSt mufarrih.
lir; (slow),
harakat.
Deliberately (cautiously),
bati al Delightfully, jjj^J bi turw.

Delineate, v. (design) /**j raiam.
bikol
bikol taammul,
ihtiyat; (with design),
am kasdin.
Deliberation, j~J> tadlir, JJU
taammul, Jwu Lii*<l \ (caution),
L-^^l ihtiyat.
Deliberative, ,^-jJo tadblri.

Delicacy (in eating, etc.), JjO zawlc,
Delineated,
marsum,
mastur.
Delineation, ^ . /,//,, k>- thatt.
Delinquency, Hart Jihata, *jS*-jarm.
Delinquent, s. pj?* mujrim,
muznib.
Delirious, ^y^* majnun,
âmmal yighallit, x^jut ma^t&h.
Delirium, ^biXk hazyan.

iJJ laznat; (beauty), JU^>-jamdl,
Deliver, c. (give in charge), L*
(j^f^huen; (tenderness, softness of
sallum ; (give), j_<la^ j/<' ; (to
manner), Ailjis zara/ai, k_jLy
save, set at liberty), ^â-Lslutf; (neatness), tj\$o taharat.
kJudlas ; (to relate), ^-a- khabbar.
Delicacies, delicates (exquisite
Deliverance (from captivity, etc.),
viands), (_/ujUj nafdyis.
iLs^" ,i njiit., ^/slbi- khalaty j
Delicate (to the palate, etc.), JJ J>!
faraj ; (utterance, speaking),
lazit, ^--jii nafli ; (soft, amiable),
^jyij <aiHr ; (giving or con
+c\j n&gm. Of a delicate temper,
signing to another, -\ ..>J jas^tnt) ;
^nJbil a^f- hallm annafs.
(surrender), Acllsl itaât.
Delicately, iiiyjCi bikol latufat.
Delicious, jj*^J naflt, Jo JJ lasiz. Delivered (freed), <^CL za/itii.
Delight, delightfulness, deliciousness, x& littzat, iîlaj lutf,
lat&fut.
Delivered (consigned,
*Luy* mwallam.
Deliverer, . (rescuer),
given),
DEM
443
DEM
khalit, M* munkiz ; (a rclator), Demise. See Decease, death.

tmtkarrir.
Democracy, *. j^f*=^- jamhur.
Delivery (surrender), *-LwJ tadlm ; Demolish, v. S-^/>- kharab, *
(child-birth), ij$j tciladal.
hadam, 1*.
Delude, v. ,jlj- gluuh
Demolisher, *. *jljs hadim, L-r>j^
Demolished,
Deluded, j^jt* maghrur.
Deluder, *. ^LLc ghasfohdih. See
Deceiver, impostor.
Delve, v. See, To dig.
Deluge, . ÛjL tatoafdn.
Deluge, v. i_U? /.
Delusion (deceit), Lghadr, Ju
Demagogue,*. 4_
Demand, . (claim,
<~-:}jJ=+
makhrub,
Aj&*mahdum. To be demolished,
(-J-acr1! inkharab.
Demolition, <|^ kharab, AJJJ.
hadm, /1j>fi! inhidam.
Demon, *. Ûa-î sfiaytan (plur.
jj-JaL.-i shayatln). A sylvan
demon, J^ji ghul.
Demoniac, s. ^-C.i^< ws/tu,
majn&n.
requisition) Demonstrable, lJ! JjU teJt7 al
Demand, p.
Demandable,
burhan,
tahsan al madlul
Demonstrably,
zrlhiran.
Demonstrate, v.
agâr,
barhan.
, c-JUj M/tS; (plaintiff), Demonstrated, .îS,-,* muli<idm.
attalab.
Demandant, demander, . .-t
t- -V /t.-ii'/i'' .7.
Demanded, <>jlL.< matlub.

Dementate, v. ^^ yaw.
Demerit, s,l_L- hakarat, *Jj^
mazallat.
Demerit, 0. (deserve blame or pun
ishment), JjllJ
t<
Demi,
Demonstration, jJJj dalll, ,.}&,)

burhun (plur. ,j-al^ baruhin),
CuLj! iibrit. An evident demon
stration, A , ,v_._j bayyinat (plur.
C^L-j bayyinat). Evident de
monstrations, .....
hujjat wadihat wa bardhln
sdtuat..
DemonBtrativeêmonstratory.tJUij
DEN
444
DEP
injimdd.
burhunt. A demonstrative cause, Density,
-:~' sabab tahir Deny, v. Xi^ ankar, y_,^^-< salab.
[wajhin lwhu.nl. Depai't, p. (go away), _U rdA, J
addalll.
bi
iafar, ^-jrahal, JiJ 1 intakal,jS?
Demonstratively,
Demonstrator, >. .^J^w* mubarhin.
hajar ; (to apostatize), Jj^l artad.
Demur, v. u_.%lj.l irtdb, y^>v- shak. Department (office), iJri. khidmat.
Demure, *..,, \^\_ -i^\-r sahib addb. Departure, Jlîl irtihal, t_;Uj
zt'Aai.
Demureness, .'-. wakdr.
Den, . (cave of a wild beast, ,\i Depauperate,
Depend, 0. (have a relation to),
Âar ; (a valley), ,_J
--'1 >':''</in ' ; (to be in a state
woody place), Lie ghfibat.
of expectation), .laij^ intazar.
To dcpe&d upon (trust to),
iitamad, A$zr.\ -i^takad.
To give a flat denial Dependance, dependancy, depen
(to give the lie), t_jj kazsuil.
dence, dependency (relation of
Denied, j^~* manktir.
one thing to another), juLxj
Denier, t.^~* munMr.
taâlluk (pi. euUl*j taâttukat),
Denigrate, r. JjLi tawwad.
(U^Lri munSsabat ; (trust), jlaj^
Deniable, J^j\\^j^ mwnkin al

inkar.
Denial, j\j\ inkar, ^su nafl,
Denizen. See Citizen.

Denominate, . ^*~: tamma'.
Denominated, , ^*- musamma'.
Denomination, -J ism,
Denominator, . (_s^^ mngamml.
Denote, v. a. ,,!_: âllam.
Denoted, < markum.
i *-.liLinl' jtcLc! itlimfid.

c.
Dependant, dependent (relative),
mansub ; (subject),
Dependant, dependent, depender, .
(upon another), jj\j <aj^.
Deplorable, ,_j^ muiaivtf; (con

Denounce, r.î- khallar,jo\ asha-r.
temptible), *._vi mosmum.
i^lam, j\
Denouncement, *
Deplorableness, ^JL^JU- Aoi IMMizhiir, j\
ishi&r.
iaiif.
Dense, ^.c,^? Icaslf.
Deplore, j-.^lfiujL/u taatsaf ca/n*.
DEP
445
DEP
Deplored, <uL:^JC. ni ilka' âllhi. Deprecation (imploring forgiveness),

Deplume, v. (pull off feathers),
Mghfar, \6<.r.
iii nataf' arrlsh.
(intercession),
Deponent, *. (witness), JLfcli shahid. Deprecator, .
muitaghfir ;
Depopulated, t_>j^=^ makhrub.
(a mediator),
Depopulation, '-r'J/i- kharab.
Depreciate, p. J j^_,l utanat,jU>Depopulator, *. tîr* mukharrib.
hakar, Îfcl 0Aa.
Depose, v. (from a throne),
Depredate, v. ^,U J^- ^flMa/ Âdra,
khala-^ ; (from an office),
**.> yaghgham, i_^fj nahab.
:-:\,.'-! : (to give testimony),
ththtd.
Depredation, LKJVJ yaghma, j^Lc
Deposed, Jy*^ magal.

Depredator, .
Depositary, *. (person with whom
Depress, v. ^Jbj watta' ; (humble),
anything is lodged),
mtutawdii.
Deposit, *. <Lil! amdnat,
tcadlât (plur. jBy way of deposit, i
bitarik til amdnat.
Deposit, v. _Jj wada^, cO
Deposited, 9Jj- mawdu^.
Deposition (evidence),
ihahadat.
Depravation, depravedness, depravement, depravity, jL*u_j fasdd,
^--_ ' iitktiab.
Jj tall,jS~ hakar, ^\A\ ahdn.

Depressed, ^- .~- Aa/tzr,
maslal, jiyir* mahkur,
khayib, ^'4' munh&n.
Depression (abasement), JJ Jo
jJiac" tahkir, ^.U*- hakarat.
Depressor, a. (JiX* musil.
Deprivation, /!JLC\ i^dam.
Deprive, . <U
^^"
--
<tXc âdai/i, AJ*. haram. To de

prive of an office or dignity,
Deprave, c. A~J fasad.

(niafsud.
Deprived, *JOi-c carfJw,
Depraved, Jisr* mvkhial,
ntahrum. To be deprived,
Depraver, . .wi,* mufsid,
Deprecate, .
'
ittaghfar, Depth, jjif ;//. In the depth of

winter, IxiJ^Luj.^/! waiat ath-
DER
446
DES
kalb Derivable, J^.A^Jj U kab-il alhtuul.

thita, or li
A-e sudur,
ashshitd.
Derivation, c y
Deputation (vicegerency), <LJl_ij
uhtikak.
ikhr&j,
wak&lat, djLi niydbat.
Derivative, ^j> far^l. A deriva
Depute, v. ^~j\ anal; (appoint),
tive noun, J^ r.du>/ *->! **/ mwhtak.
' nassab ; (to send a depu
Derivatives,
tation),
Deputed, s.
J~y mursal.
Deputy,
artal wukala.
mataâyyin,
j na-lb,
Derivatively,
Derive, . j^jîX^ sadar min, ^jhXli

jj** <wA<ai wm. To derive ad
toukala),
wakll (plur.
vantage, Jujl
i mdmiir,
muwakkal, ,
fayidat.
J4\~+ mubashir. A deputy Derived,
mushtak,
vested with full powers,
c -i^ mutafarra^. To be de
^L* wakll mutlak. The deputy
rived, JH^>! ashtak.
of adjudge, ÛJlu.-y.U na-lb al
Deriver, .jjua^ mutdir.
kadi.
Derogate, e. (act contrary to some
Deracinate, v. (tear up by the roots),
former law or custom), J-la-J^
c Jj nozaj., -lii iafo^.
altal, t_fiJU- khaktf,j3\f- ghdyar ;
Dereliction (abandoning), <>j-(to disparage), yto- hakar.
tarakyjsf" hajar.
Derogation (breaking or making
Deride, V.JSM^J tamaskhar,
void a law), JUzjl ibtdl; (dis
istahza'.
paraging), u_iViacL! islikhfaf.
Derided, &."** madhakat. To be
derided, *rsr"A"'jL> tar matkhara Derogative, derogatory, j}\*-+ mughayir, t-jiSlsr* mukhulif.
Derider, a. clÛe dahik, ^si^^
muttamaBkhir, jjfÛuî mustahzi Dervis, . (eastern monk), \J^J^ ^
darwlsh.
Derision, Sjsf"" matkharat,
Descend, v. JjJ nazal. To cause to
utihza, js?~^ tamaskhur.
descend, Jji nzzJ, (JjJ'
Derisive, derisory, tlXs"a'*)_si shy
Descendant, descendants, *.
DES
447
DES
nod (plur. JLjl amUl),

Desert (wild, solitary), t
nasab (plur. t-jLui! ansdb).
Tcharab, }\s~ khdll,
Descendant, descending, JjU nazil;
[iitihkak.
ghayr
(proceeding from), jjL> sadir.
Desert (merit), J-oi fadl, j
Descendible,
mum- Desert, v. (abandon),
hajar,
kin nl nuzul /
J tarak. To desert one's
country,
bilado.
Descent, decension,
nuzul.
To desert the world (retire to
Ascent and descent of kindred,
solitude), LjA!'i_l_y'
; (line
ad, f^MJ mini.
dunya. To desert one another,
age),
nasal, \j>- jint. The steps
of descent (in consanguinity), Deserted, j)*-*" mafy'ur, t_.^.
jj. '-^j'js-^J darajat annuzul. Deserter, 8. , j^ mahtiim, >-_ ,'
To make a hostile descent,
Desertion, ^s^ A;>, ^J/s^ hi/ran,
ajlej^ Carnal ghura.
Deserve, c. (good or ill), ^^suol
Describe, v. w_i-;^. icasaf.
istahak, L-^J-J ". .o\ istawjab,
Described, i_J .^ matotaf.
JjiLÎ ist&hal. To deserve re
Dcscriber, s. -l rasim,
ward, ^/sj*! 1 t_ô>-y^M^ mwtawjib
al âwad. To deserve honour or
Description, ^Lj layan,
Description of a country,
takhtit al lilad.
Descry, . c-c*.^ Tcashaf; (to an
nounce), ir^*- &ho.bbar.
respect, 4_>l_c^_Mi_î-\j wq/Vi

arri^dyat.
To deserve death,
istahak al katl.
Deserved, ^J
mustahak.
iioZ Aai.
Deservedly, ^^
Desert, *. i^J larriyat, ji barr, Deserver, .
mustiihil.
jia kafr. The desert of the Design, . (intention), A*zi laud,
children of Israel,
<.oJ >tiy at, *j
/(H/A 4<roi Israll. Tho wild beasts
of the desert, <o
J barriyat.
"With design, JuaJLllj bilkaid,

tatommudan. Without
design, yaL*j-s.vj* mm
DKS
448
DES
maktrbd. According to the design,
desire (or request), wAlall ^

ha/ta!' al talab.
- haiab a! marrim. A
+-iu
marghab.
Desirable,
design (of an artist), +~>j rasm.
Design, v. (purpose), Jwai katad; Desire (wish for), .-f^' ithtaha" ,
A<ai, _.-~c_i raghib, J w
(to plot), Jlia^ ihtsl; (to de
; (to request), L-.-.ilf /''-'.-A.
lineate), *~aj rosam.
_.^w
tamanntf, r <*> tadarra^.
Designable, **"> yartatim, Jjlji
Desired (asked for), s^lk* matlub ;
*^J! kubil arrasm.
(winhed for), ._-_ marghiib,
Designation (marking out), i\Lil
t~ * ^- mtahtaha' .
'.''< a/, ,v:_- talamat, _ , r<w.
Desirer, . L-Jlt WftA.
Designed (proposed) Jafl mo&urf;
Desirous, jl^L mushtdk, i__îK
(delineated), |*-^r* manum.
rughib. Desirous of war, >~^ .
Designedly, Jujji.- /// kasdin, 'xjj
i_- ->J r&ghib al harb. Desirous
kasdan, , Uir- b J ikhtiyiirin .
of peace, ^"l^-^.r^ rdghib
Designer, *. J^ r<J' ; (a plotter),
atsvlh. To be desirous, ??*-"
lC makkar,
tashawtoak, , --i' Mtak.
muMal.
Desist, LlJ <aroi,
Designing, arf;'. Jlxs'* muhtal.

Desire (passion, wish), JUw kh&tir, Desolate (laid waste),<
(juySi hawai, j.i thatok, ^. ,
makhrub.
[kharrab.
rughbat ; (request),
kharab, {^r>^>~
Desolate, v.
.#.
A humble desire, Desolately, y
khar&ban.
tamanni,
mukhrib.
Desolater, *.
A. longing desire to see any per Desolation, c
kharab.
son or thing, j'-^-i'. ithtayHk. Despair,
kat^ arriy'a,
To excite desire, L_ -^ ragJighal,
U*'\J yaas.
.j~> thaunoak. To hare a strong Despair, v. Is-^ll^Jtu kataârrtga.
desire, ,jli.i^ ishtak. Agreeable Despairer, . \s^ Jl Jj vi lt&ta<. arraja.
to desire (or wish),
Despairingly, \a^jjff^ w y)myr
i i-.r.mm. According to
rajii.
449
DES
DES
Desperate (hopeleso),
j' tuna/hit.
despotism,
(irretrievable), ^jj
utiicidl.
addatca (rash), ^~. . mutahawwir. Dessert, . (last course), Ji
_'
Desperately (furiously), |/j < " Destination (appointment),

myal, j'y mvrdd, JMT) /<,/.
tautafuitciciran ; (in a great de
gree), >lx> In' ffhiii/ut.
gharad ; (appointed place),
ytfeJL* makarr.
Desperateness.î^j tdhawww.
Desperation. See Despair.
Despicable, despisable, JJj -/?/,
j_jo danl, r?*- !i ''><'
Destine, r. ^^Lc âyyan,

khassas.
Destined,
mukarrar,
muâyyan,
Despicableness, *_,l_L=>- hakarat,

J'liJ danaat ; despicably, Jj
3iU. bikol hakarat. [iitajtkar. Destiny, *"~^ naslb, ^âC, bakht,
hubt,-, -a-.t
<<*:> kismat.
Despise, v.
Despised,
haklr, Î
mahkar, j~-s&mwAdn.
Despiser, .
muhlcir,
Despite, despitefulness (spite, ma

lice), ,V.S J^ :-." A? .-/-,;/, JJi.
Destitute (in want of), i_^>l_<

khuyib, J^fjfakid, JyuL* mafkud;
(abandoned, left), <JJ^-^_,
matruk, Jl^Jcsr* makhzul. Des
titute of strength,^Destroy, v. ^jfana\
Despite,
Despiteful, JA. hakud.
Despitefully, ôlxj nakdyat.
Despoil, t>. C-.-1.J talal,
tamal yaghma.
<,_i'i talaf; (to lay waste), i

kharrab. To destroy buildings,
*Ju& hadam. To destroy (kill),
Ji
Destroyed,
ma^dftm,
Âorai,
Despondency, *.= //A"....'.
-* makhrub,
mahdum.
Despot, -. (tyrant), *JL1? zd/t'm,
Destroyer, . v^s^ niiik/n-i/i. *_
jjl?- j&bir,ji\s*- jayir.
tut iii in, A,,.s.~t rnufiid.
Despotic, JAT.^. - mustakill,
mvtatalht.
Despotic power, Destruction, t_-oya^ talchrili.
DET
450
nivfsid,
Destructive,
muhlik.
mudirr,
muhlikan.
Destructively,
U^ mughayir
Desultory,
alkanun, *.XcUiMi_Jls>- khiluf al
DEV
Determinately, *^t>^JJ' J*J 4Ao^ <"*>!w, tj- jazman.
Determination (intention), >,v T. ^
ioad, jj tzj, J\;1 *rd<Za<;
(resolution), JLft_i-\ ittiklal;
(decision), *js>^ja%m, *xr^ Ai ;

kaîdat,
Detach, v. ^ farak.
(limitation), iXfiXzsT tahdld.
Detachment, . (a body of troops), Determine, v. (fix limits),
jifauy, tjjsfirkat, LL^jL luluk.
haddad ; (to conclude finally),
Detail, s. (minute account),
y-.-t- khatam ; (to decide), *istafsll. In detail,
; (to adjust), , lij nasam ;
âla' attafsll, \^& tafillan. To
(to resolve),
detail, Ji fassal, ^î sharah.
Detain, v. (withhold), i___jl awkaf.
To detain in custody, (_/"?- habai.
Detained, y .". T* muhtabis. De
tained in prison, (juj^s." mahbus.
Detect, p L j*-^ kashaf,jâ\ azhar.
Detected, i *j * ^< makshaf,
v__B*l*io Mni(MAt/>.
\_kdshif.
Detector, *. i_ill^ kashuf,
Detection, lUlii izh&r, i i *>
i_Jt!uijl inkithaf.
Detention, te-Ji_j5 tawklf,jû>- hasr
Deter, .
waiWAo/.
Determinable,
o?/oZ, OJ JusailJjU kabil attahdld
Determinate, determined (limited)
O.,\s" mahdud ; (established)
mansub
muka-rrar,
katii
(conclusive)
Detest, .
istakrah.
Detestable,;
Detestably, i
Detestation,
kardhiyat,
Detester, s.
Dethrone, .
Dethroned,
laghad,
makruh,
i istikrah.
istikrah, i-Jk^
kardftat.
mustakrih.
, ^.Li. AAdJ*^.
kursi al mulk.
Detract, v. *fi taham.
Detractor, . *^lj tuMm.
Detraction, .-I-U^j!' tuhmat >~i'i/.-i.
darar,
Detriment,
khatarai.
Detrimental,î mudirr.
Devastation, t_-o/sr t&khrlb.
Develope, v. \^JJ^ kathuf.
DEV
451
Devest (divest), v. J-"1 ihallah.

Deviate, v. (stray from the right
DIA
(to God), Â- manzur; (afifectionate), î ". T-* mukhtas,
s?* makhsHs.
[ikhtisas.
road), ,J*j dal; (to err, sin),
Devotedly,
akhta'. To deviate from
Devotee, . (devout person), .Xfclj
a purpose), oU*. had, n\j tuh.
zuAiW, Jjlc -.i~<liil; (superstitious
Deviation, wandering, JLc dalal.
person),
Device (contrivance), ^jj tadblr,
A device (on a shield, etc.),
Devotion (piety), i'jLc
Devil, ^
(submissive obedience, attach
thaydtii, : a wicked man or
ment), A . ijn< khusutiyat,
woman,jjyi *///?/ (plur. j^-l!
iij! inkiyad, '0^^-c ûbudiyat.
ashrdr).
Devilish, (j\Lj<j thayts.nl; (hor Devour, .
rible), _Jj>:r* mvkJiMowif, i._-C Devoured,
Devourer, *.
makrOh.
Devilishly, ÎL.xtiSl^ kashthaytan. Devout, JOsl
Devious, JUj rfd/.
Devise, v. s^>~\ ikhtara^,
c., -lx>! iliuu-..

ablu^.
mubtah\.
Devoutly, ,
t_$)fiijk*> bikol taktea'.

Deviae (last will), . <u^j wasiyat.
mutadabbar.
Dew, ^JJ nada'.
Deviser, t. &?y mujid,
Dew, . (moisten with dew, etc.),
^Ju _ju0 adr nodti' .
nnikhtHfi'.. A deviser by last
Dexter, ^.^.^j yamln. See Right.
will, *ey* muteatsl.
Dexterity, <Ux^ sanât, iJjlji /tdDevoid, ,S?JUi- khuli, ,*j,x
it%a<.
[toan-w/.
Devoir. See Civility, compliment,
Dexterous,
<_JjÛk_-Lj
safo'i
duty.
Devolve, v. _i. waka^.
Dexterously, /t--^Jî Hkol ian^.at.
Devote, . j JJ Bazar.
Diabetes, ^.LjA I * *- <
Devoted (appropriated), ^ _>_^t
a/ ihakhakh.
mv-.ayyan ; (addicted)JjU mdyt7; Diabolical. See Devilish.
DIG
DIF
452
Diadem, U iaj. See Crown.

Diagonal, s-jj^ biltcarb, LJiJ,^*
i.y j j\ mtn idwyat ila' zawyat.
Diagonally. See Obliquely.
Dial, . <U-uii<UiL> < shamtieh.
The pin or style of a dial, >r-yi
:i',.rn> assdâh.
Dialect, ^LJ Zwdw.
mtmtakl. Dia
Dialectical,
lectic, Jfk2i a,l mantik.
kalimut), .Llasi lafaat (plur. bU

harf.
)ictionary, s.
Did, ^?r<. of do,
Didactic, /***" muâllim, <-_>J-
muwaddib, l^*J>*5 fo^ftmJ.
Die, v. dL wd<, ojj tawaffat'.
To die a martyr, jL.fi eA
shahld. To die suddenly, LTJ\
taâ' Â/?e ; (to
perish), dii M*; (to wither

See Logic.
muzakarat,
as a vegetable), JjO dibil.
Dialogue, Js
muM.wa.rut.
Die,
. (tinge), j~a sabagh.
mukalamat,
Die, ^j! te<m. A die (cube), tSee Conversation.
kctib (plur. tJuo itcdi).
Diameter, jlaS Aa<r. See Axis.
Dier, *. iU-s sallagh.
Diamond, . ^jwUJl almas.
Diet (food), ,Ul5 taâm, j\ akl;
Diaphanous (transparent), i_
(an allowance of food by the
thaffaf.
Diaphragm (midriff), k_Jji]^k
rules of medicine or moderation),
hijal a/ kail.
Diarrhea, JL$_-.\ inhal,
tnsihal.
Diary, *. ^^>j)j rotatamah.

Dice (game at),
attawla.
Dictate, t>. (prescrihe), *Sla hakam
.*\ amar.
Dictate, *. ^-^>
amr. The dictates of the heart
t .lo\\^.L^ awamir alkalb.
Diction, i*K kalimat (plur. CL
akl tcushshwb. A diet or general

assembly of nobles, ^'^t>sr'*
majmas, umara.
Diet, v. (to eat sparingly, or by
i7 <zi/ teashshirb.
Differ, v. (to be distinguished from),

jî /aroi ; (to be at variance).
_ oi-.-s^
//.///. i:','/.
Difference (distinction), ^ji fart.

t_j^^l flcktil&f, j\~~*\ imtiyat \
DIP
453
f variance), i_i_i_i.l ikhtildf,

jU-i shikak. To make a dif
ference (distinguish), jjî farak,
jL* mayyaz. To cause a dif
Difficulty,
DIG
', JJmi' taâllul,
c~~~> , (opposition),
i^tirad, <LjLJLi' mu-
khalafat.
ference (excite a quarrel), ^tj Diffidence, ,*^.j tawahhum, ^^- *
jjlLiJl rama' ashshikdk.
shubhat, --;^> bur&dat, &e
Different (distinct), u-fllxsr* mukh
jl^^.'i -.,ii!n,,t wl i^tikad.
talif.
Of different qualities,
Diffident, >.x. mutateahhim ; (un
'* _ ' " *"* mukhtalif
certain), *.'_<c^*i ghayr madum.
alawsuf. Different sorts, '_:'
To be diffident, *JJ>y tawahham.
akidm, -'*'' anted^. In dif
Diffidently, ilîJC1 it/t.
ferent manners, <ulisr* c\yb
Diffuse, v.^wivi nashar, clil
it anieaîn mukhtalifat.
To diffuse odours, -.U /dA, y^
v.
C.
Differently, \jji farkan, c yj i_JLsr
/infull. To diffuse science, tlil
Jt khildf nauti.
* J.r! ' f;.s7n; :. ft/ iit ill in.
Difficult (not easy), i_.*.vr ffuHr. Conditions difficult Diffuse, diffused, diffusive, LJ-^-^nashri, ,^~.:.+ mimtashir, ,J^^
to be observed, lAe.j^fjû.ciaj^j^
marwhur, j-J^-i> shayii, ^jL\&*
ihardyet tOtirat arriâyat. A
muftid, ^[jfashi. Tobe diffused,
difficult pass (through a country),
intashar.
mahatt âlr al
murur. A distemper difficult to be Diffusedly, diffusely, diffusively,
bikol tharhin
watafsll,
mufassalan.
A difficult affair,
amr muthkal. Difficulties, Diffusedness, diffusion, diffusiveness,
jliij! intithar, slii! tshuât.
mushkilat. A request
Diffusiveness of speech,
difficult to be obtained, J.
<o/!i Diffusion of odours,
al
NO/%.
Dig,
Aa/or.
it mushkil, Ifc^ karahan,
. (''(' k1 1, 'nli in.
Digest, v. (in the stomach), ,.:
Difficultly,
t,i/;tifnif,
DIC
452
DIF
(plur.
kalimat},
Diadem, _\ l&j. See Crown.
[ulldghat.
a(/uz),
Diagonal, H-j^V lilwarb, L
fo'Wi
iy j Jl mut idicyat ila' z&tcyat. Dictionary,
Did, pret. of do, uLr âtnal.
Diagonally. See Obliquely.
Dial, . <j.v.-.-t-**gl- taiat shamtieh. Didactic,
muallim,
ta^llmt.
The pin or style of a dial,
muwaddib,
tatca/u'.
<HeUJl âkrab assdâh.
Die, . C^
To die a martyr,
Dialect, Û lisun.
Dialectical, {J>^ mantaki. Dia
shahld. To die suddenly, t
lectic, jjJaLtM Jie i7j <zZ mantik.
.dii^^ w< tfo' Âo/?e ; (to
perish), cLis> A/*; (to -wither
See Logic.
Dialogue, 5^1 J* mtadkarat, LA\Li
as a vegetable), JjJ dibit.
mukalamat, *,_jlsr* muhHtoarat. Die, v. (tinge), ^-? tabagh.
See Conversation.
Diameter, jiaii <r. See Axis.
Die, yy! Atw. A die (cube),
Aa^J (plur. c_)U

Diamond, *. jjwl!l aZmas.
Dier, *. fl*^ iabb&gh.
Diaphanous (transparent), i_JlLi Diet (food), jUL toâw,
(an allowance of food by the
rules of medicine or moderation),
Diaphragm (midriff),
Iiijiili al kalb.
Diarrhea, JI-; -^ iihal,
insihal.
Diary, *. &"\jj)j ramamah.
Dice (game at), .
attawla.
Dictate, v. (prescribe),
,*\ amar.
Dictate, *. <uLc.(jjii nasiallhi,
amr. The dictates of the heart
i__JjiM -*^ awumir alkalb.
Diction, <UJ^ kalimat (plur. Ci
oW trzwAAri. A diet or general

assembly of nobles, Îj-**-*
majma-^ umard.
Diet, . (to eat sparingly, or by
rule), t-y.HjJfllj J jcxl JctaW
i7 ai? washshirb.
Differ, v. (to be distinguished from),
|sri farak; (to be at variance).
<_\-->t-^ ikhtcdaf.
Difference (distinction), jî /ari,
uJii^^ ikhtilSf, j\s~*\ itatiyat,
DIF
DIG
453
(variance),
^jUî shikdk. To make a dif
ference (distinguish), j^J farak,
JJl* mayyaz. To cause a dif
Difficulty,
tun; Jl*i' taâllul,

iibat ; (opposition),
mu-
khalafat.
ference (excite a quarrel), ^j Diffidence, ^.5 tawahhwn,
jiULiJ! rama' ashshikdk.
shubhat, *3jj-> bur&dat,
Different (distinct), *_ A.--*-* mukhOU^CJt -.n'l'1,,1 ul i-Ji.('"(I.
*.\^
talif.
Of different qualities,
Diffident, *s^- mutatoahhim ; (un
V -*^ty_B \ -- * mukhtalif
certain), Ajljfc^C ///(!/'// M'l-./.i,.;.
alaicsuf. Different sorts, *'_'
To be diffident, .Jbyj tawahham.
aktdm, -'' aniod^. In dif
Diffidently, i^-i J$o WM shubhat.
ferent manners, As\:i
Diffuse, r. J^j naihar, clil
bi anteaîn mukhtalifat.
To diffuse odours, ^.
Differently/'"
nafah. To diffuse science, cLl!
W khildf iiaic-^.
<jljll ai^d^ a/ ^Wuwi.
Difficult (not easy), v_-,-;y sa^b,

-" ^tuHr. Conditions difficult Diffuse, diffused, diffusive,
nashri, j^~* muntashtr,
to be observed, i>\.J\tjû.sî\jJ^
manshur, jjLi shdyii, ^li*
tJtariiyet âtirat arri^Syat. A
\jfdshi. Tobe diffused,
difficult pass (through a country),
jtjA^jnmtf^sf* mahatt -,a\ir al
intashar.
murur. A distemper difficult to be Diffusedly, diffusely, diffusively,

iiioZ harhin
cured,^LiK.. n..r^jo.* muradâslr
watafsll, 'LoL* mufasealan.
al ttidj. A difficult affair, j-*\
Hi,-, i- mtuhkal. Difficulties, Diffusedness, diffusion, diffusiveness,
j\JZzJ\ intishar, isLi\ ishdât.
tmuhkildt. A request
Diffusiveness of speech,
difficult to be obtained,
(afsll. Diffusion of odours,
î -isr ' i JjUL.* .
nafh.
Difficultly,
Dig,
hafar.
ii miuhkil,
knrafian,
e tola' karahin.
Digest, v. (in the stomach), **ib
DIG
DIL
454
haddam ; (to reduce to order),

Jaj nazam, k_-^ rattab.
sadurat.
High in dignity,
jiXa!lJ..L>- jail,
Digested (as meat, etc.), *-o^ Digress, v.

.haraj -.n,i al madman
munhadim, t>yafr muhdum; (ar
^ id i-Mrad. Sec Expatiate,
ranged), L-^-Jf-* murattab, f>y**
wander, deviate. A digression,
manzum.
Digester, s. *sf muhaddim ; (ar
ranger), lo\j ndzim.
Dike. See Bank, mound, ditch.

Digestible, * .-i
_.) yanhadim; Dilate. See Extend, spread out ;
relate diffusely, widen, grow wide.
(capable of being arranged), ,Jjlj
Dilatoriness,
ijljj tuteanl.
kill,!,' al i
Digestion (of food), *~i^ hadm. Dilatory, <4^sM(Jn bail al hardkat.

Medicine, or anything assisting Dilemma, s. ijfs*- hirat, AC.J! lawât,
jL^t muslikil. See Perplexity.
digestion, *Lii hadd&m.
Digestive, the digestive power, Diligence, LLlJ nashdt, jLcJil
ihtim&m, ls-jj> surât, OJ dilekat,
ljji]! aI Tiuwat al hadimat.
Dight, v. Mt-JJ zayyan.
Jtimmat.
See To
Diligent, jJjL mukayyad, c.-^-ta

gd/wi /fl^ wa jahd,
Dignified, i_JyLx mmharraf, ii-^l
,sv7c.z,
JuU^t mvtatayyid.
shartf, jOJillj J zu ^ â*4- To be
To be diligent, JoUj lakayyad,
dignified, iJîJ tasharraf.
deck, dress, adorn.
Dignify, *. j*^^ akram.

Dignitary, . '^^ "-r^^" ^^ *a/*iJ
*jl Icteam, JJiU- yd^trf.
Dili
gently, Jk$r>-jJc>-Jj iiXoi /?

V,' V /,'/(/.
toaszfat.
Dignity,
, jij
Dilucidate, . ^J bayyan, ^.î

martabat, ^Li shun,
jjJ kudrai,
sharah, f**j tcaddah.
Dilute, . ujubi. Ichaffaf. To dilute

tharaf,
wine with water, lÛi
hukumat, ^j& dara/at,
?(?zq/' ashsharub wal ma.
manzalat. The royal dignity,
taUanat. Supreme dignity, Diluter, >. J^/ mwrakkik.
455
DIN
Diluted, _.j,* mamzuj.
wne,
Diluted Dint (impression), ^151 *a>- ; (con

mamzuj
tusion), (^/y* Aar ; (blow),
lima.
Dilution, ,_L>- hal.
darlat; (force, power),

J15 kuwat.
Diluvian, ci^jb tawafa.nl.

Dim -.(obscure), *sji* mu-Mm,
mtalim.
Dimension, jljJL mukddr,
masdkat.
Dip, Â-^1" ghatas, [;-" sabagh.
Diploma, -vx^ sanad.

Dire, i_Ji^ mukhawwif.
Direct, t/3^1 *'?, ^^'."-'.u^ musta-
tim ; (not ambiguous), f^^j

wildih.
.-_; taghghar, âiti nakkas ; (to Direct, v. (instruct) ^-JJ\addab; (to
grow less), J5 kal, JJjjLs adr
point out the way), J J doll, ^JJti
iafi/.
hada', Jt^yl arshad ; (to pre
Diminished, ^jesljndkis. Diminished
scribe), j*\ amr, ta~ hakam ;
in price or value, L*C munhat.
(to adjust), *iii mir.uin.
Diminution, ^jasJ naks, ^LaLJ
Directed (led), J A ,v. < mundal,
nvhun, J-i^; /'///'//.
^jM^t muhtadi ; (regulated),
Diminutive, j.rr mutaghghar,
t_-^y murattab.
mukallal. A diminutive
Direction, otijl irshad; (precept),
itm altasghir.
; (command), -*l owr,
liltaklil.
Diminutively,
; (path), (JJ_Jh tarik ;
Diminutiveness,
(aim), Juaji ^-fl*(f, /^c âz/, ^0^2
Dimness, <ull? zulmat. Dimness of
gharad. A direction-word under
siyht,y=-!'iUJ]i zulmat al basar.
the last line of a page, and re
Din, .^'w*J: shamuta, A!J!J toalwaU.
peated at the top of the following
Dine, _-_vtj taghadda'.
page, catch word, \i3\j rtibit.
Ding. See Dash, bluster, huff.
Director,
*. (guide), Jjllti ddlul;
Dining-room, xl*h! \Jje-* niahall
Diminish, v. (make less), Jii kallal,
(instructor), Oui^ mwdh

mushzr.
wakt Directly (in a straight line),
*.Jbuuu hi lihait tmtstakzm ; (im-
attatdm.
Dinner, U1? ta-itim, \ Ai gftadd.
Dinner-time,
algkadu.
^Jui}\l~%.Jj
DIS
mediately ),
456
DIS
ft' I hal; DisoiFection,

tanaffur. iLj-i1 bughdat.
See
(without an
Aversion.
min dun shubhaf.
Direful. See Dire.Direness. See Disagree, v. (to be at variance),
:TJ -._ t_<' . '.--^ f:(llafu Ixt-^daHorror.
Dirk, t.js\- khanjar. See Dagger.
Jium baidan, \y;jl_i_j tan&saû,
Dirt, ^-'. wasakh, S\ij zubalat.
lâlUr takhalafa.
Dirtiness, -;-'. wasakh, iL-iLac" Disagreeable, J^.JL-^.ji ghayr
najasat.
makbul, Hj^ makruh,
Dirty, x-'j wasikh, fj^sT no,jig.
ghayr murdl ; (contrary),
Dirty, p. x^j teanakh, i^tff najjas.
Dis, as a privative, is expressed in
composition by^rjc bighayr, ^j^
bi dan, - Id, l ma, A-I <.ada>n,
and *J Ac i<iili iit, as :
Disability, JLjLjLOf.
f/ kafayat.
Disable, t>.
Disabuse, i>.
mm Z gfialat.
mukhalif, ^~'' munallid,

mughayir.
Disagreeableness (unpleasantness),
âttain al kubul ; Cansuitableness) <LL-J,Jai i
lay&kat.
Disagreement,
ikhtilaf, i^ ;L,
Disallow, . jj itaknr, Xil tmkar,
>2j rad.
[ffhayr jayis.
Disaccustom, ; . See Disuse.
Disallowable, ix; yunkar, 'jl^--.^
Disadvantage, disadvantageousness, Disallowance,
inkar,
9 darar.
Disadvantageous, kX)lsl!..JkC c(
Disannul, . See Annul, vacate.
al fayidat, jist mudirr.
Disappear, v. ^~..'U ghab,
Disadvantageous^, yJ^^4s-jj bi
idmahal, ^\\ zal.
\_khayyab.
toajhin mudirr.
[dislike. Disappoint, v. jj)^- khazal, k_^JLDisaffect, < . See Discontent , to Disappointed, t__-jl&- khilyil.
, .1C.".* mutanaffir, ^jo
/j-s"* mahrUm, fjj^s* maihsul.
mu^rid. See Averse, discontented, Disappointed (to be), t_jlii. 1Mb.
disloyal.
Disappointment, <~~- khaybat.
DIS
457
Disapprobation, Jj.ftJ\/Afi -.
al kubul, j\j\ ink&r.
DIS
?,-
Disbursement,
matr&f.
Disapprove, v.j*J\ arikar, 3 sow. Discern, v. (see), lii a*<w ; (to

Disarm, r. _LJ1 J Aiw agnlah.
distinguish), \L mayyaz,
Disarray, v. See Disband, strip.
afraz. To discern the true from
Disaster, t. <{>..a - musilat,
the false, J-LL. U^J^Ji J^
dahiyat, Ib Jafet.
/rtrai / Aai tii aZ Jo<7.
Disastrous, (jwjjsi* manhiif.
Discerned, jj<3^ manzur.
Discerner, s. (observer), Jlo\J ndzir ;
(a distinguisher),jJLf , i<wayyis.
[JLS?" jahad.
nihir,.
Disavow, t>
J^ ankar, j nakar,
Discernible,
manzur.
*j\ inkar, û nafi,
v -\ -- solo.
Discernibleness,
Disband, v. Jjî farrak, jiW atlak, Discernibly.J..
u i". ,Ii shattat. To disband an Discerning, adj.
army, ...* U^-vtA shattat al
yunzar,
Disavowal,
[tamyii.
nazar, j.*3
tamyiz.
\_iakl wafarasat.
<iAi'J tamyiz.
Disbanded, ^:^-.*.^ mushattat.
Disbelief,
c;Uj^ll.jL= 'ladam
ayman.
Disbelieve,
Discerningly,
al Discernment,J-ô tamyiz, JJb
ar&sat.
v.
._'...
;d a/nan,
Discharge, u.
(dismiss,
release),
wd ?' !,r.f !/</, jS& Icafar,

; (toperfonn,execute),
j>j\ ankar.
Disbeliever, *. ^^ munkir,
tdfir, (j^yi.f ghayir mftmin.
Disburden, v. (ease of a load),
,j Carnal, (J*\ akmal.
tcafa' addayin.
To discharge a
soldier, i_fJLujj^\(J-\]o\ atlak al
^.-HL 3g-^ khajfuf al haml;
âskarl.
(to throw off a burden), J^sM Jjj
office, Jjc tazal.
-.:--"' i /.'!/.
Disburse, v. -rj**- kharaj,

xiraf.
To dis
charge (or pay) a debt, j-JjJîJ'j
To discharge from an
To discharge
or acquit of a crime, yLc ghafar.

To discharge fire-arms, ^ji-if
atlak. To discharge one's duty.
DIS
458
&^s.^^>-\j\ AJ tammamalwajib
DIS
Disclose, v. L_.'-^ kashaf,j$o\ azhar.
To disclose a secret,
Lallhi.
kashaf al tirr.
Discharge, s. (dismission), j
itl&k, t^jc- tazl> (leave> license Disclosed, <_5jA.X *
i_* (-* munkoihif.
to depart), <L=i-j rukhsat, ijl=r'
makshuf,
kashif,
yasat, uj\ fen ; (absolution from Discloser, .
[corery.
muslin.
ghufran ; (an
a crime),
ithdr. See DisDisclosure, \
exception or privilege),
(performance), J^c âwwZ ; (ran Discomfit, t---lc gJialab.
som), \AJfda. The discharge of Discomfit, discomfiture,
inhizu.ni, <i^jJJ6 hdzimat.
Jaue&i al
a gun,
burudat. He discharged the gun, Discomfort, i gham.
& Aw kawwat al Discommendable. See Blameable.
Discommendation.
See Blame,
baructat.
censure.
[mode.
mulihallas, etc.
Discharged,
Discommode, c. etc. See Incom> *uc.,
Disciple, *.
A disciple of Christ, Discompose, v. (the mind),
hayyar, JLJI^î shawwash al
(pi. 0>^-ij tala.mli).
bal; (to-put out of order), iupDiscipline (education), tLj^j tarbiyat,
kharbat.
\jjtatewih al bal.
; (re
gulation), \if.-e- dabt. Military Discomposed, JUl^jiiu^* Adiscipline, ^->"'T Hia.^9 dabt at Discomposure, J U 1 (^^*J taskvM
al bal.
[5.0*0*.
%atkar ; (mortification), <Ujtl
Disconcert,
.
(a
design),
imatat.
mutaDiscipline, v. (educate), <_JJ^ addab; Disconcerted,
shawwish al JoZ,
? i/f/'/.
(to hold in subjection),
Disconfonnity,
al mutilbakat.
[madbut.
al âskar.
Id yutatalla'.
Disconsolate,
murabba',
Disciplined,
ankar. See Dis Disconsolately,
Disclaim, v.
it wajhin âdim attasliyat.
avow, disown, renounce.
To discipline an army,
]''.,->
DIS
459
DIS
Disconsolateness, ,i arridu,
Discoverer, *. < iLLS" kasfwhdf.

Discovery (revealing), j\^s\ izhur,
i_iljjt inkishaf.
Discount, (abatement in a bargain),
L-U-J iskat, *.n<- kJiasm ; (substraction), L-liL;l iskat.
Discount, v. j,-a.<- khasam,

assurur.
kata^.
Discontent, p. t_^.nr\ agMab.
Discountenance, v.
Discontinuance, C.MJJ tawakkuf; Discourage,
(deter),
(disruptnre), JLaaJl
khawwaf.
\_faragh. Discouraged (deterred),
Discontinue, v.
tawakkaf, i.3 Discourager, .
mukhawwif.
Discord,
ikhtilaf,
Discouragement (impediment),
mukhulafat.
[Khalaf.
o^; (deterring), <^ju_ys? takhDiscord,
ma w&fak, i__clU>tcif, iXiJ^fi tahdid.
Discordance,
mukJiulafat, Discourse, fcjlla^. khitub, <C*jlC<
it"' dnzn-J.lt.
Discordant, fj^yij^L ghayir muwdfik, u-aJlsr4 mukhulif. Discord

ant in music, <Uju!t/Ac -.mlam
annoffhmat.
Discordantly, >^_l
mukalamat, 'i^\^ muzakarat;

(a harangue), <t_.n-v- khutbat; (a
treatise), ilLj> rasalat. A short
nervous discourse, J-s>-j ,IS kalam
wajiz.
mn Discourse, f. (converse), * \. v J'
takallam, ^!JJ tazdkar.
Discourteous, tJijllb it'to o<iJ.
athar, Discredit, jUicl/\c âdam ijtibar.
ghayir muw&fakat,
bikol mukhalafat.
DxaooTer, v. (publish),
Discredit, . (not to believe), t
i_ ^'^ Jcashaf.
^J^ a saddak; (to deprive of
Discoverable, t_c .*.( v; yankishef,
credibility),
j\>l\ Jj'J kabil ul i%Mr.
ismaho ; (to disgrace),
Diacovered (revealed),
mvnkashif.
katar
DIS
460
DIS
ma laho Discussed, ^^s^* mafhut.

Discredited,
i-.tibur, t>v*S-ft\<ui_et ma t
Discusser, *. âs^1 mutafahhit,
lûzJi* mufattish.
i^timdd.
Discreet (prudent),
*fa'J tadblr ; (modest),
Discreetly,
;<','/ >a batlrat.
Discussion, tj;A'V tahlclk,

taftlsh, ^jos^ tafahhut,
iflihus, C^lsil ibtihdt, ^(
imtihan.
Disdain, ajl&l ihSnat.
Disdain, t>.i- hakar, ^\S>\ ahdn.

Discreetness, fjâj batlrat,
Disdained,
muhan, js*s.-*
-.'lU, kbi fitnat.
muhtakar.
[mutakabbir.
Discrepance, ,_slx^-l ikhtilaf, jj^s
fark, CUjlaJ' tafawut.
bikol
Discrepant, i__a_!l_ir mukhalif, Disdainfully,
ihtikar.
See
Contemptuously.
ji\**i mughuyir, ^^L* muniikid.
Discrete. See Distinct, disjointed, Disdainfulness. See Disdain.
disjunctive.
Discretion (prudence),
imtiyaz, j**j tamyiz,
batirat, \s\~s~-\ ihtiyut,
intibah ; (liberty of acting at
pleasure), jLii- 1 ilchtiyar, A-ljl
ibahat, x\3j\ iraddt.
\haddad.
Discretionary, JJts-'^c ghayir muDiscriminate, v. j* mayyaz, j\.

farak.
Discriminated, ^jj** mafrs.lt.
Discrimination, jl....r...î imtiydz,
Discriminative,
Discuss, . \j!jlj
tazAkarfi
Disease, iÂr* marad (plur. (jo\-^\

amrad). A. disease inherent in
the constitution, ^Jt~..-.> k
muradjibilll (plur. tul^.-*amrad jibittiyai). A. corroding
disease, <iLl_il tikilat. An epi
demical disease, c,.z ^ ln-.fmPestilential diseases, ii/b.^L^l
amrad tea ba'iyat. Phlegmatic
diseases, U*j>-i-.'ua^\ amrad
bal ghamiyat. Yarious diseases,
". T^^l-^^ amriidmukhtalifat.
The crisis of a disease, yj/^
buhrdn.
To feign a disease,
- iamarad,
: natal hdlaho marld.
461
DIS
DIS
duhiyat. Disgrace (removal from

place or favour), J \s. âzl.
Disembark, c. (to come to land),
ijj netel lil barr.
Disgrace, v. t^-Ci nakab, |
Disembroil, v. See To disengage.
a,', ** fadah, A \-i 5 ,A
Disengage, t1. (separate), jj-i farak;
askataho min nazariho,
(to liberate), ^^^ khallas; (to
; (to put out of
extricate), tJ^..<JiJj>- hal al
office or favour), Jjlc â
Diseased, îf marld.
mathkal.
Disgraced, i
Disengaged, ^ I Vt mutakhalll,
ylj fariffh.
Disengagedness,
disengagement,
Disentangle, disenthral, v.
fak, Ja~ hal.
Discsteem.
See Disregard, dis
respect,
[nance.
Disfavour, v. See To DiscounteDisfigure, v. See To deform, de
face, disguise, destroy, mangle.
$, __,__
min annazar,
^ '- ^.j
>3&i^ mitnfadih ; (turned out of
, favour or office), JjJ*-* ma^zul,
Disgraceful, <_-...*. MOiyub.
Disguise, v. ,<ft^-l akhfa'.

Disguise, ijye siirat, \&-\ ikhfa.
Disguised, ^(_s*<**^ mutmatkhir,
(j-^t mubaddal.
Disgust, <L&\J> karahlyat, sj> karah,
Disfiguration, disfigurement. See

istikrdh.
\_karraf.
Defacement, deformity.
Disgust, v. )j*jSu naffar min, \ jî
Disfranchisement, jjyLs-Lj^LaLJ Disgusted, îj karfan.
nuktan btl hukuk.
Disgustful, disgusting, f ' "--t
Disfurnish, v. See To unfurnish,
miwtakrah, Xjj~* makruh, ijj*
deprive, strip.
kanh, xj^ nukarrih. [suhun).
Disgamish, v. (strip of ornaments),
Dish, *. {jsâ sah (plur.
jf-\\*\s kam al farsh
Dishonest (fraudulent),
samd.
Disgorge, v. ijizd istafragh.

Disgrace (disgracefulness), L bald
. musibat, <uCi nakbat, <u
mulaîbjl, Jl^sr* muhtal,

makkar.
Dishonestly, <JjLr-JJj likol khi21
462
DIS
DIS
Disjunction, j]/J^ ifiirak,

Dishonesty,
khiyanat,
makr.
inkitd^.
Dishonor, t_JiJl/.Xc âdatn ash- Disjunctive, j*^ mufarrik.
sharaf, *~-~
Disjunctively, ^Jj\jX&\i biltafrik.
Dishonor, v. (disgrace),
Disk or disc (face of the sun, moon,
other planet), */*- jtrm.
Diskindness.
See Unkindness,
^/>j*" ':'_('* hatak alûrd.
Injury.
Dishonorable, c_.-~.t.. ma^yub.
Dislike, x_f karah, s\i-t\ istikrah.
Dishonored, ^* munfadih.
Disinclination (want of affection), Dislike, v. ^Jc~-! ittakrah.
,iX
al mvhabbat; Dislocate, v.
-..
\_makhlut .
(dislike), yy.i-~J Mkrdh. See
Dislocated, i_"J_* munfak,
Slight.
fadah;
(to
violate
chastity),
Disinclined (to be) v. (to be averse to), Dislocation, cisrl inkhila^.

' min, sz~a\ istakrah. Dislodge, v. (expel), ~j^~\ aJthrty,
Disingenuity, disingenuousness, * JLC
L>)e tarad.
khayin.
Disloyal, ,.v;
al i
nafak, U^ riya.
Disloyally, i
bikolkhiyanat.
Disingenuous, ^j^Ty* mwcajhan.
Disloyalty, <LjL.,
khiyanat, jiXc
ghadr.
Disingenuously, jl_i_i JJLj bikol
Dismal (horrible),
mukhawnafak, *L- Jio likol Mat.
wif,
il;
(mournful)i
Disinherison, t
iâdum
*-*.*- maghmUm.
al mtras.
Disinherit, p.
Dismally (horribly),
ahram min al mira.
[gharad.
it wajhin muhul; sorrowfully,
Disinterested, ua^!\vJU>- khall al
*ijj bikol ffham.
Disinterestedness, ,jejk>- khulas.
Dismahiess (horror), i_J^- khawf;
Disjoin, v. jy farak, J~a fatal.
(sorrow), *i
Disjoined (disjunct), J^/-* mafrvk, Dismantle, p. (strip), ~= aAj*A. To
munfatil, _U g
dismantle a town or castle, /Jjb
munfak.
hadam .
DIS
463
Dismask, v. <_jUJ!j.Jj rafa^ al

nikub.
Dismay, v. i_Jp- khawwaf, - U:
DIS
fitnat; (perturbation),
idtirab; (indisposition)
marad.
Disorder, . (confose),
-1*M ka(at al Mb.

Dismay, Jys hawl.
Carnal khalul, ]ajj- kharlat.
Dismayed, ^^-^ marû.1.
Disordered, disorderly, L-^Dismember, v. ^j kauam, J^j
bila tartib, k_j/i'* mukharbat ;
faual.
(tumultuous),
Dismiss, r. (give liberty or leave of
zihwn; (lawless),
departure), ^jLlU atlak; (send
khildf aahthar^; (vicious, disoraway), îj dashshar. To dis
dinate), I__.'^.T, ma^yub,
miss from an office, ,Jlc c.oz?.
faiid. Disordered in his senses,
Dismissed (deprived), J i^* maûl
^y^sr* majnfm.
Dismission, <Lo-j rukksat, c\.
Disovm, v. ^>\ ankar, ^j nakar,
uJl w,
i C<
Dismount, p. Jjj
^s.^jahad.
[mankHr.
Disowned, ,*+ munkar,
(to descend Disparage, v. j

from an elevation), J^p nasal.
iXs kadah,
Disobedience,
al Disparagement,
r* mukhalafat, ov:
[mukh&lif. Disparity,
Disobedient,
Dispassionate,
Disobey, v. i_jjJU. khdlaf,
'.'//"(', ,J,;.
tamarrad, ÎLU mS. ts^
Disoblige, . Jlj
Disobliged. See Disgusted, dis
pleased.
Disorder (irregularity),
i
âdam annizam, L_
iodam attartlb, Jii.
ikhtilAl; (tumult), tej
taân,
matimat,
\_fark.
ikhtildf,
.L
Dispatch w despatch, . (send), J^t

arsal; (accomplish, finish), ,^Jo
tammam ; (to kill), Jii katal. To
*
dispatch an ambassador, J^,t
j^^s11^! arsal elchl.
Dispatch, JL,1 irs&l; (expedition),
Dispatched (sent), J_j-yt
456
DIS
DIS
mediately), JlsîJ ft'l hat; Disaffection, ô^/cl i-.rad, ^

tanaffur, * -i ' bughdat.
(without ambiguity),..ic,Jcj<
See
Aversion.
min dun shubhat.
Direful. See Dire.Direness. See Disagree, v. (to be at variance),
oUo U-^. Ichalafu !.>.';Horror.
hum la^dan, \ysjl_xJ tanaza^H,
Dirk, s.jS\- khanjar. See Dagger.
Dirt, i~> wasakh, a\ij subalat.
\^\aC takhulafa.
Dirtiness, _-> wasakh, <iL_2sT Disagreeable, (J^.._A_-<<r._c ghayr
naj'Ssat.
makbal, Hj^ makr&h, ô.*-*^.
Dirty, *"* wasikh, ij-r*f* naji.
ghayr murdt ; (contrary), t__a!tsi-*
Dirty, v. -^j wassakh, \j=f naj/as.
mukMUf, {j\s munalcid, j)\jt^
Dis, as a privative, is expressed in
mughdyir.
composition by^-yc bighayr,^^ Disagreeableness (unpleasantness),
bi dun, S Id, U ma, ,Jcc
ladam al kubtil ; (unand *>XB tadlm, as :
suitableness)
.,*i
Disability, i_AjULSUjUi
layakat.
? kafayat.
Disagreement, î fark,
ikhtilaf, ic
manu.za.tat,
Disable, v.
snhha' Disallow, v.
Disabuse, v.
nakar, jj\ ankar,
V_
'
min al ghalat.
rod.
[ghayr jayis.
Disaccustom, r. See Disuse.
Disallowable.jii.; yunkar, Jjl^-^j:
Disadvantage, disadvantageousness, Disallowance, j\j\ inkur, r - -t
jje darar.
man<..
^
Disadvantageous, i'joUll*j
Disannul, v. See Annul, vacate.
Disappear, v. s-'^ ghab, l^sf*~\
al fdyidat, j*i* mudirr.
idmahal, J!j ziil.
[khayyab.
Disadvantageous^, j**"f
taajhin mudirr.
[dislike. Disappoint, v. Jj->- kl
^\_S- kh&yib,
Disaffect, v. See Discontent ; to Disappointed,
j-"--t mutanaffir,
makrUm,
1 makhsv.1.
Disappointed
(to
be),
t_jlrlkh&b.
mu^rid. See Averse, discontented,
disloyal.
Disappointment,
khaylat.
457
DIS
DIS
Disapprobation, J^JLH*.
Disbursement, -rj^- kharj,
alkubul, .1.01 in/tar.
matruf.
Disapprove, v.^J\ ankar, /J aam. Discern, . (see), JaJ nazar ; (to
Disarm, r. 5LJ! J lam aisildh.
distinguish), Jj^ mayyat, jjj>\
Disarray, v. See Disband, strip.
afraz. To discern the true from
Disaster, .
muslbat,
the false, J-tL-Jl^jJljy
duhiyat, i
farak alhak min al butil.
Disastrous,
manhus.
Discerned, jk^ manzur.
Disastrously,
Discerner, . (observer), ^liu nazir;
[.XsrT j'ahad.
nahsin.
(a distinguisher), lx^ mumayyit.
ankar, j naJcar, Discernible, ^;- ^ yunzar,
Disavow, p.
Disavowal, jl
Asff jahd,
inkar, ^Jj nafi,
mantur.
Discerniblenesa,
*/}.
Disband, v. J>ji farrak,
atlak, Discernibly, J-j
shattat. To disband an Discerning, ad)'.
- army,
hattat al
,JJLe
sahib tamyiz.
tailor.
Disbanded,
Disbelief,
ayman.
Disbelieve, .
[tamyi*.
-j nazar, J^*J
) iiW tamyiz.
-.iil/l, k_ô.L>
\_<.akl wafarasat.
Discerningly,
mushattat.
i 'todam al Discernment,J^*J tamyiz, JJLs
arasat.
m& aman, Discharge, . (dismiss, release),
; (to perform,execute),
jjol ankar.
^ -.it/i'i'f. ^J^l akmal. To dis
Disbeliever, .
munkir,
charge (or pay) a debt, ^.J^^yij
k&fir, ^ytj+z ghayir mumin.
uw/0' addayin. To discharge a
Disburden, w. (ease of a load),
i^Mptu-A-jLck- kha/af al haml;
(to throw off a burden), J^s* I JjJ
Diaburee, v.
taraf.
kharaj,
soldier, ^Îttxlî-lW o</a^ a^

âskarl. To discharge from an
office, (Lc ;/'-//. To discharge
or acquit of a crime, yLe ghafar.
To discharge fire-arms, (JK-ltl
To discharge one's duty.
DIS
458
DIS
<ule t_^-1 J 1 -*J' tammam al toajib Disclose, v. ia'u^ kashaf,j$s\ azhar.

To disclose a secret, ^*J^-, if.*.^
kashaf al sirr.
Discharge, s. (dismission),
itldk, Jjjs. </; (leave, license Disclosed, t_? <*.'.->- makshuf,
to depart), l-es-j rukhsat, xj\&-\
ydzat, ^J\ izn ; (absolution from
a crime),
ghufran ; (an
exception or privilege), i'^ bardt ;
(performance), J^c Carnal ; (ran
som), \iXi fold. The discharge of
kuwds al
a gun,
Idrudat. He discharged the gun,
ijjjLJljjujj-JjA hu kawwas al
bdrudat.
Discharged, (_-aLs.'* muTchallas, etc.
Disciple, *.
talmit.
A disciple of Christ,
munkashif.
Discloser, .
kashif,
muslin.
[covery.
Disclosure,
izh&r. See DisDiscomfit, t_-%lr ghalab.
Discomfit, discomfiture,
inhizdm, <^j^ hazlmat.
Discomfort, ^z gJiam.
Discommendable. See Blameable.
Discommendation.
See Blame,
censure.
[mode.
Discommode, v. etc. See IncomDiscompose, v. (the mind), _X-
shawtca&h al
bdl; (to-put out of order), iuîDiscipline (education), <UJJ tarbiyat,
kharbat.
[shawurish al bdl.
t_ôolj idrfzJ, <_>j! orfai ; (re
Discomposed,
mutagulation), kwj rfaJi. Military
Discomposure,
discipline, j-JLu*_]iL.s
al bal.
c-otkar ; (mortification),
Disconcert,
v. (a design),
imatat.
tnviaDiscipline, v. (educate), t_>5l addab ; Disconcerted,
thawwish al
makhztil.
(to hold in subjection),
Jj talmlz (pi. Ju^L' taldmlz).
To discipline an army,
c.i-/vj.'-.
Disconformity,
al mutdbakat.
[madbut.
Disciplined,
murabba',
Disconsolate, ^Luij)! la yutasaila' .
Disclaim, .
anJtar. See Dis Disconsolately, <t . Vm.-J^J^
bi icajhin .,'///( attasltyat.
avow, disown, renounce.
DIS
459
DI8
Disconsolateness, <uLuilt,A âdam Discoverer, . (_>li^ kashihaf.

attasliyat.
Discovery (revealing), j\>\ iihar,
Discontent, discontented, I-***-*--i
^_iLiJ>jl inkishaf.
ghayir mabsut, ô\jjJi ghayir Discount, (abatement in a bargain),
L-UJi A- /'?/, ôa- i/^rt.v/rt ; (sub
rail.
Discontent, discontentedness, ,Jur
struction), \s\Lj\ iskat.
LoJl iodam arridii, ,j -uJI/Jic Discount, v. -as~ khasam, j-Lj
itiifiiM. asiurur.
kata^.
Discontent, r. L_ i-i r.l aghdab.
Discountenance, v. jJ~ mana^.
Discontinuance, u_jJ' tatoakkuf; Discourage, v. (deter), i__j_>(disrupture), JLoaJl infaul,
khawwaf.
[mutakhawwif.
sllaiij! inkitdn.
\_faragh. Discouraged (deterred), i_ijicv
Discontinue, . u-iiijj tawakkaf, d ^j Discourager, s. ,_sc-* mukhawwif.
Discord, i_J)lir>.l ikhtUaf, &jb\" Discouragement (impediment), j-i^
mMt&lafat.
[kh&laf.
man^\ (deterring), (flJjar <aMDiscord, p.^ljt* >nd wafak, i aliiwlf, JjAfi tahdid.
Discordance, AilUr^ mukhalafat, Discourse, (-_;lk:5~ khitul,
mun&zaât.
Discordant, fjj\ytj~z. ghayir muwafik, _ "-* mukhalif. Discord
mukalamat, i^Slj^ muzukarat;

(a harangue), <t.U^- khutbat; (a
treatise), LSLo; rasalat. A short
ant in music, jLJ1/*Jus

nervous discourse,J^J (*^ ^â*
annaghtnat.
?a;'zz.
Discordantly, iLJLj!^*^,.^ mtn Discourse, v. (converse), > 1 ( ,V
takallam, &\ jj tazakar.
ghayir muwufakat,
Discourteous, t_Jjl5b i7d orfi.
bikol mukhalafat.
Discover, v. (publish), jo\ azhar, Discredit, jUifi!/4\c. âdam i^tibar
kasha/.
Discoverable,
yankishef,
jljij^ljjli Aaii7 uZ
Discovered (revealed),
makshuf, >_c *.('.- munkashif.
Discredit, v. (not to believe),

^vJwj ma saddak; (to deprive of
credibility), *_îl c J_i
ismaho ; (to disgrace),
katar
DIS
460
Discredited, <Le^&JL* m& laho

i Jibfir, jLiX^<uJucLf mil .
i^timad.
Discreet (prudent), ^-jJo^
sahib tadbir ; (modest), ^C-ni! s&hib 11dull.
Discreetly, ^--^ ,'jj ''iX.'
i/ tea banrat.
Discreetness, ^--aj baslrat,
ifliV, <uki fitnat.
Discrepance, . L.r>-! ikhtilaf,
fark, <^jj\jj tafawut.
BIS
Discusaed, ^^sr*^ mafhii*.

Discusser, *. ^s^* mutafahhis,
mufattiih.
* O"
Discussion,
tafiith,
iftih&t,
imtihan.
Disdain,
Disdain, .
Disdained,
nmhtakar.
takklk,
tafahhtu, u
ibtihtti, ,
ihdnat.
hakar, ^
muh&n,
\jnutakabbir.
mmtaKkir,
Discrepant,
mukkdlif, Disdainfully,
ihtikar. See Contemptuously.
mtiffhayir,
munakid.
Disdainfulness.
See Disdain.
Discrete. See Distinct, disjointed,
Disease, ^^ marad (plur. (jo\^\
disjunctive.
amrdd). A disease inherent in
Discretion (prudence), ;Ln_"_-/
imtiydz, J *-+-j tamyiz,
baArat, }o\*~*~\ ihtiyat,
infiliiil, (liberty of acting at
pleasure), iLi^l ilchtiySr,
Discretionary, Jjis-^-i ghayir muDiscriminate, v. j.* mayyas, j
farak.
Discriminated, ^_^ mafruk.

Discrimination, }^ . -_"-_.-^l imtiy&z,
Discriminative, J,ji farkl.
Discuss,!!, ^jlju taddwalu,
the constitution, (.Li.r

muradjibiUl (plur. <uL>>amrdd jtbilliyat). A corroding
disease, a_l_i! akilat. An epi
demical disease, ^)*& <dc.fln.
Pestilential diseases, to'\j)^jei\,*t\
amrdd wa ba'iyat. Phlegmatic
diseases, f^xJL~i(Jo\J^\ amrdd
bal ghamiyat. Various diseases,
Aji\zsr*,JB\J*\ amrdd mukhtalifat.
The crisis of a disease, ^]/=^?
buhr&n.
To feign a disease,
jjfl^LJ tamdrad,
Carnal hdlaho marld.
461
DIS
Diseased, (ja'.r-* marid.
DIS
duhiyat. Disgrace (removal from
place or favour), Jj âzl.
Disembark, v. (to come to land),

.JJjJli nezel lil barr.
Disgrace, v. t_-Xi nakab,
Disembroil, v. See To disengage.
ghadib âla? , ^^ fadah,
Disengage, v. (separate), Jjî farak ;
aslcataho min nazari/io,
(to liberate), jâLi- lehallat; (to
hatak ; (to put out of
extricate), ^Jii^JIJ^- hal al
office or favour), Jj .<nal.
mashkal.
Disgraced, <-J^l** mankub, luLî
Disengaged, ,_l_atX^ mutakhulli,
i j\j furigh.
Disengagedness,
sakit min annazar,

(turned out of
ma^zul,
disengagement,
Disentangle, disenthral, v. >' ' *

fak, J*. hal.
Discsteem.
See Disregard, dis
respect,
[nance.
Disfavour, v. See To DiscounteDisfigure, v. See To deform, de
face, disguise, destroy, Mangle.
Disgraceful, (_.,..*. ma-.y0.b.

Disguise, v. ^j^-l akhfa'.
Disguise, ijyo surat, Uri-\ ikhfa.
Disguised, J_s*u^-:'' mutmaskhir,
(J-V-,* mubaddal.
Disgust, ^**^ karahiyat, )> karah,
Disfiguration, disfigurement. See

s\jz~i\ istikrah.
[karraf.
Defacement, deformity.
Disgust, v. ^f*j& naffar min, i_iî
Disfranchisement, jfyLs'LjÛaiLJ Disgusted, (Û^ karfdn.
wtktan bil htiltuk.
Disgustful, disgusting,
Disfurnish, t>. See To unfurnish,
muitakrah, XjjL* makruh,
deprive, strip.
karlh, xjL* mukarrih. [suhun).
Disgarnish, v. (strip of ornaments),
juti'i J-ys1 Lj kam al farsh Dish, . ^f*^" *aAn (plur. ^
Dishonest (fraudulent),
tcul samd.
Disgorge, v. i -ii-jl istafragh.
mula^fbjl, JlsLsr^ muhtal, j~*
Disgrace (diagracefulness), L bald
makkctr.
\_yanat.
> mugibat, <L^j nakbat, <Lfc\ J Dishonestly, iLi-J.slj Jj'io^ khi-
462
DIS
Dishonesty, <I_jL=i- khiyiinat,
DIS
Disjunction,
pj\ iftirak, tlkft
makr.
Dishonor, i_Jfilt,*iXc âdarn ash- Disjunctive, Jfri* mufarnk.

Disjunctively, <_..> JbJb biltafrli.
Dishonor, v. (disgrace), ^"a* Disk or disc (face of the sun, moon,
fadah;
(to violate
cJi hit!iik i
chastity),
other planet), *fr- jirm.
Diskindness.
See Unkindness,
Injury.
Dislike, i^ karcth, t \js~il ittikrah.
Dishonored, ^^ munfadih.
Disinclination (want of affection), Dislike, v. i _Cu_-' istakrah.
AiXc -.<><!'. al muhabbat; Dislocate, p.
Dishonorable, <_,-^t ma^yub.
<-i^. I'lnl' ..
(dislike), s\ji~,\ igtikr&h. See
Dislocated, dXiix* munfak,
Slight.
Disinclined (to he) v. (to be averse to), Dislocation, câi'l inkhila^.
ij na/ar mm, î-il istakrah. Dislodge, v. (expel), _ yi-1 akhraj,
Disingenuity, disingenuousness, /
lijo farad.
Disingenuous, (j^r^ muwajhan.
Disloyal, ^W- kliuyin.

Disloyally, iL>-Jd likol khiy&nat.
Disloyalty, A_jl-.-!>. khiyunat, jj^c
Disingenuously, jLiJjJLj likol

Dismal (horrible), i_J>^sr* !.<U-.:- nafalc,
likol Jiilat.
teif,
muhawteil; (mournful),
Disinherison,
iâdam
al m'irat.
magJanUm.
Disinherit, v, ii>]/~Jl|j_// 1 Dismally (horribly),
ahram min al mlras.
[yharad.
4 wajhin muhul , sorrowfully,
Disinterested, ^îll^JU. Mdft /
- J.C bikol gjiam.
Disinterestedness, ^jo^- khulus.
Dismalness (horror), i_J^k. khawf;
Disjoin, v. jy/araA, J^jj fatal.
(sorrow), *i ^rAaw.
Dismantle, t>. (strip), ^~= - ,,'X-A. To
Disjoined (disjunct), J^-
Ja. ..-,- munfasil, - ^dismantle a town or castle, ,*JJb
mtmkatii, i^jZe:* munfat.
hadam.
DIS
463
Dismask, v. <_jUJI*J, rafa^ a

nikab.
DIS
; (perturbation), <
idtirab ; (indisposition),
Dismay, v. i__tyi~ khatowaf, - k'<
Disorder, r. (confuse),
k_JLJi]| kataâl kalb.
Carnal khalul, laJ^p- kharbat.
Dismay, (JÂ hawl.
Disordered, disorderly, \__-.~i $<
Dismayed, <~r>fy^ marûb.
btld tarttb, u_Jrs:-1t mukharbat ;
Dismember, v. ,.~J busam
fattal.
(tumultuous), ,l-jJL.ii kaslr ul
Dismiss, r. (give liberty or leave of
', (lawless),
departure), JL_1W <M; (send
JeMlaf aihshar^; (vicious, disoraway), ^J dashshar. To dis
dinate), (__,'*, m/nt>,
miss from an office, Jjr
Dismissed (deprived), J j.J**
Dismission, La.j rukhsat,
^, ijU-1 yazat, oL^
Disordered in his senses,

Jfl/"UW.
Disown, . ^Cl ankar, Jj nakar,

a&s
izn
jahad.
[inanktir.
Disowned, .x* munkar,
Dismount, . J^j nazzal; (to descend Disparage, p. j samm, ijâ taân

from an elevation), Jjj
âyyab
Disobedience, ^cUaH-jkc adam al Disparagement, <LL malcLmat,
td-^tt, iilLsr* muJehalafat,
Laf
Disobedient,
Disobey, .
tamarrad,
md
.
DisobUge, p. J2j zattal, Û
Disobliged. See Disgusted, dis
pleased.
Disorder (irregularity), ,lSaJI.,
annnStn, âari, JU.

JSki-t ikMildl; (tumult),
ifltw, jJ zamm.
\_fark
Disparity, uJiir^l ikhtilaf,
Dispassionate, -
-^t -I
attabi, *-:,^ hallm.

Dispatch or despatch, . (send))4Jw .
; (accomplish, finish),
tammam; (to kill), ^latal. To
dispatch an ambassador, A~t,\
i
,__ysV.' arsal elchl.
Dispatch, JL;1 irs&l; (expedition),

(J^s** tagll.
Dispatched (s*nt), Jv-r* martnl:
DIS
DIS
464
(expedited), Js*'*
(finished), /ti laam
mug'al ; Displeasing, adj. >j

makriih.
(killed), Displeasure,
takdlr al
khatir.
JjiL* maktul.
Disposal
(arrangement),
Dispel, v. jjb farad, c: -"-~i shattat.
tartlb, âj\ intisam; (distribu
Dispelled, ^)J^ matrud.
tion), j-^jy tawzl^, (Jf.jte tafrik,
Dispensary, *. <(jL>-lj=>-l ajzakhana.
ib*3Su taftll; (power),
Dispensation (distribution),
ikhtiyar ; (government),
iakslm, -J iyJ fami
tadblr, t~>\j- hirasat, lit= haft.
tafrik ; (exemption),
Dispose,
v. (arrange), *liJ
muîlfah.
V
Todisposeof(bestow),,xjl
To dispose of by legacy, t_jLJ
Dispeople, v. See Depopulate.
wakaf.
To dispose of in the
Disperse, v. L^X> thattat,
hands
of
another,
fiazzam.
Dispersed, u- ->".<*. ".* mutashattit, Disposer, *. (bestower),
wuhib ; (a governor, regulator),
^jSa^mutafarrad, To be dispersed,
U hakim,ji* mudabbir, lull;
L^-r. *..j tathattat.
zuiV, laiU- /(d/z, ^Jlj waft.
Dispersedly, ,u^". <?..". li taahtltin.
Dispersion, dispersedness, c^.:;.*>j Disposition (order), Uaî! intizdm,
lashtlt, (JJ^xi tafrik.
*liJ' nazni, k__-y1' tartlb,
Displace, . (put out of place), jJj
in//-.i!<'iit,î Jo tadbir,
kala, cji nasa^; (to remove from
,y\j~* manwal; (temper of mind),
office), jjjc . r/-;/.
^' r miz&j, <<,1? 'ti/>/ -.at,
Dispense, v. J kassam, c j
Displant, t>. (trees, etc.), jJj Aafo^.

Display, v. (spread wide), Jw madd,
L>*j /(;,-;/, (jiî farash ; (to
exhibit), ^W azAar.
Display, *. jUlsl 'zAar.
Displayed, JjA/ mamdud,
mafr&th, \syu~* mabsuk.
Displease, v. ijlcl agluiz.
mtn ahhud ma laho, Lu^ dabat.

Dispossessed, Ji Ii malrud.
Dispraise. Sec Blame, censure.
Disproportion, ._.-;'V_LL! *.v^ ^.adam
attanasub.
ioll. /.*__-
[atUm&tvb.
465
DIS
Disproportionable, disproportional,
DIS
Disregarded, J^l^ mutahamil,
disproportionate,
JJC^T* in HIt Ink ir.
.mil nt attandsub,
tuous, negligent.
ghayir muttdwl.
See Contemp
Disrelish, JJJJ1*JLC ladam allaztat.
Disproportionably,disproportionally,
disproportionately,
>.s.fi^-y-i
Disrelish, v. tz~>\ ittakrah.

Disrepute, j* fadah.
L-. *~\ '- .'. bi wajhin ghayir Disrespect, *^*-Xl*ii âdam ul

mutandsib .
ihtir&m.
[Despised.
Disprove, v. ^fai\j ndkad, 3, rod.
Disrespected, JLS." muhakkar. See
Disputant, . (disputer), tl
mubahis.
Disrespectful,
<_jlLj bilu adb,
Dispntable,<fccjlx l~ifihimm
md ândaho tawkir.
-.jjJk
bild takrim.
Disrespectfully,
Disputation, cL-os.^ bahs,
Dissatisfaction,
mubdhasat, c^jJ nir.fi:,
arridd.
[mitrdi.
ikhlilfif, Dissatisfactory, Ôj^j,^. ghayir

[bahas. Dissatisfied, ^ji\jj*i ghayir rddi.
munazaât,
jadal,
Dispute, .
Dispute, .<
Dissatisfy, v. ,<*j^ d arda.'

Dissect, v. (cut in pieces),
\layakat.
mundzatat.
sharrah, -i^jiJj^ Carnal tashrlh ;
Disqualification,
,kc ii
(to examine minutely,
Disquiet, disquietness, disquietude,
lj^s Ju fahas bikol ladklk.
. JLC adamrahatalbal. Dissected, j-ka^ mukatta^.
Disquiet, a<
.rn-trJi id bdl.
Dissection, f^l^ tashrlh,

See Uneasy, rest
/<//,'., J..g,s" /,(/;/.
less.
Disquiet,
LAdtrA0.
.
^tlel- 1 Jus
Disseize, v.
See Dispossess.
Dissemble, r.
Disquisition, Ûsvtl imtihan ^>

tafdhhut, Îij'Bj taftish.
Disregard (neglect), Jll f
Disregard, . JJl*J' taghafal,
ahmal, ^j'^f tahutoan.
Dissembled, *iiC muktatim.

Dissembler, v, (hypocrite),
mundjik, j)j+ mwuwnoir,
murd'.
466
DIS
DIS
Disseminate, v. ,$2s,\ cisMiar.

Disseminated, jb\& sdhir,
shayii, j^l^ mashhur.
Dissemination (publication),
JH\ itlafalm&l.
Dissipated (scattered),
farrak, J-\*< mubaddad.
Dissolvable, dissoluble, JÛ yunhtd,
ishtihar, *\c\ iilam.

Dissension, -* -*y^ S- khusumat,
â-JLiJi^jCf ni>!n< kin al nakd,
cJli.1 yunkad.
[al nakd.
ikhtilaf, jULi *M-u/t,
> l.v. nt.-',i'i-ti .tif. To cause dis Dissolubility, |>>raull
sension,
r<ra#' alftnat. Dissolve, r. JJajl .'///,;/,
Dissent,
^J^> nakad, <->^ tawteab. To
âdam alkubul,
[riiyaho.
.
Mar.
dissolve a marriage, toTjJlv"**3
Dissent, v.
ikhtdlaf fasakh asszijat. To dissolve ice,
i_-;w> ~:'H'ii-i(b. To dissolve an
muichalif.
Dissenter, *.
Dissertation, .
agreement,
_vj-!'^Ji.' nakad al
mvlahasa.
See Discourse.
tâhd. To dissolve an enchant
Disservice. See Injury, mischief.
ment, ^R*"' \ tlio /ai aZ w'Ar. To
Dissever, . See Break, divide,
dissolve or separate two things,
separate.
Dissimilar, <5jli^;..j: ghayir mu*''.'/
shalih,j>\*s mughayir, i_oi".:'< Dissolved, J[/*^ mutafarrik,
mukhtalif. See Unlike.
maMal, ~. j^L* mafsukh,
Dissimilarity, dissimilitude, .*A-^
muntakt'd, uôlj zayib.
A'îlA.^ iadam al mushabaJiat.
Dissolvent, dissolver, *. ^\J fusikh,
Dissimulation, b^ nyd, jlij nafak.
(Jia~ mubtil, ^îiU nakid.
Dissipate, v. L_o!j! " / Ay", JJo laddad, Dissolvent,dissolvin g, Jl*.** miihaUtl
ji farrak, (_sj*J la^zak. To Dissolute, (Jls falatl, ^J-sls fasik,
_v_-'J _/);./..'. See Debauchee.
dissipate a fortune,
*rtro/ mulaho. To dissipate
distract the attention, - ~Jii*JI
Dissipation,
wra/,
Dissolutely, t)Ljjj bikolfasad.

Dissoluteness, jLui fasud, \j\ -in a,
il inhimuk, ijt ihahwat,
DIS
467
DIS
Dissolution (demolition, breach), Distaste, p. (nauseate),

istakrah.
jî nakd, Ja~ hal, "* faskh ;
makruh.
(destruction), \^.^sC takhrlb, Distasteful,
Distemper,
marad,
-v> hadm ; (death), d-v. motet.
[order, disturb.
The dissolution of an assembly,
(j^s*i\îsC\ inhilal al majlis. Distemper, v. See Disease, disc. ffhayir
A. dissolution of marriage, _'>_>' Distemperate, J
mttitadil.
infaakh azstjat.
Dissonance, dissonant. See Dis Distemperature,
-<"' i-i.//i. HI lard
cord, etc.
walhar.
Dissuade, v,. ^j^Tj rt$at_ .""'
* :,tn;t''-., o "' radian.
Distempered, u&.j* marid,
ma^lul.
To be distempered,
Dissuasion, ajtil/ mwnanaât, ^^
v
nwn^. Dissuasive, ///'. ^.JL.<

mani^.
Distaff, . J^- magteal. The
spindle of a distaff, .-. tnairam.
Distain, v. See Stain, blot, tinge.
Distance, <&L~* mtuafat, Juu A.--. f/.
mared.
Distend, v. î/ farash,
Distended, J.Jt/ mamdud.

Distension, Luj latt,ju>J nashr.
Distich, *. ci-J 4y< (plur. CjUl
abyat).
The distance between the East
Distil,
p. (drop), UL nakkat ; (to
and West, c).J^*u>Jljuu Im.ui
distil spirits, etc.),^liji kattar.
al mathrailn. Distance (of time),
%
-v. .,..'/'-.'. Distance (respect), Distillation, jUaiia-il tit;itar -^-"
__' (/''/', /^>>-l thtirdm,
taktir.
9
ikram ; (reserve, caution, want Distilled, ^laL mukattar. A dis

tiller, .laL mukattir,
of affection), *Jjiy burudat.
Distance, v. (place at a distance), Distinct,
mvnfasil, j\ *-- f
Juu '': .'.': (to excel another),
wumlas, ^LJ idytn ; (clear),
^>'L- zt'iliir; (specified, marked
Distant, Juw hagd.
\hiyat.
Distaste, 1\\ iltrah, Ln>\J> Lard-
out), ,_^x. muâyyan.

Distinction, J^\ 'm<iyd,
DIS
468
DIS
Distracted, je*^> *"Al,

hayrtin, ^-JL^sV* mutahayyir,
tinction, Jj^s^ bildfark ; (a mark
..ijjlw* mushawwask. One dis
of distinction), <L5Le .aldiimt;
tracted with love, ^^xs-'^Jîlc
(discernment), dLoLj firasat, (Jjic
iushik majnun. To be distracted,
"//. To make a distinction (give
\q~> tahd, itlUjJxuJl inshaghal
the preference), ^LcJ-di faddal
tafsll, Jjj fark. Without dis
Distinctive,^..^ mumayyiz, ,_
tamyltl.
Distinctly, LaeT^ sarihan,
jUx\ //s'/'o/ imtiyiiz, LuL*
bulaho.
[bytm&n.
Distractedly (franticly), ^
Distraction, distractedness,
saho al lul, ^jujyU tashwisA.

Distrain, v. See Distress; also
Seize.
Distress (misery), <Uu dlkat,
shiddat,j~zs~ hasr, jti fakr.
Distinguish, . jX mayyaz, J-ai
Distress, v. *_: yham, (.y*-^
JLs- Jtayyar, J? âjjat.
Distinguishable (capable of being
fatsalan.
Distinctness, ;L^; imtiyuz,
distinguished)J../c^ mutamayyaz; Distressed, '

mudtarib.
( worthy ofregard) /l/i-^ L_-^S- lj
maghmum.
.Isr* mahzun, ,
M'o/ti aZ ihtiram
Distribute, v. j bantam,
Distinguished (eminent), jl .-../
farrak, ^^>i>- hassa*, c Jj
mumtuz, (separated), j^^L,* Distributed, ^J^* mufarrak,
mafruk, jfsfr* mahjur.
Distinguisher, *. J-/ mumayyiz.
Distinguishingly,jLi/b bi imtiyaz.
Distribution, _ ;J' /Vv :>;. ..i>.j

takslm, (_^ySJ tajrik.
Distort, v. fj> baram. To distort Distributive,

Distributive justice,
the countenance, i_f^ talawtoa'.
Distorted, ^îL* multawl.
kisrnat al Jm!:.
(,/ -,.111/11/11 f al kaiimat.
Distract,
sJiaghul al bal,
> thatetcath, Distributively (by distribution),
U....JO titl.xi n/tm, U.; ^ v! /"/I ->.:'!.
hayyar.
DIS
469
DIV
Distributor, *. fj^ mutoasti^, Disunited,

J.-M&. mukassim.
\ikllm.
Disjoined.
District, . AalsliL* muJcutaât,
Disuse, p.
Distrust (distrustfulness),
mafruk.
See
/d
shubhat, *Jij wahm, tlXi shak,

Ditch, . i^to- hafirat, j
Distrust, v. JyJuiM^ zaw alghadrfl,
Aditch(round fortifications,camps,
etc.), jj jiiri- khandak (pi. ^soLikhanadik).
iJi-_-i shakfl, +&JJ tawahham.

Distrustful, u1jL khaiowan, ^lii
tanndn,
Ditto, Lu! yrfa, cj3 j^ kazalilc.
DistrustfuUy, uI^Lb liistikhwan. Ditty, . Li ghinu. See Song.
Disturb,
sirraho, Divan, ^L) j. See Council.
Disturbance, <*-:\Ja^\ idtir&l,
kholol, Aizjjitnat,
Disturbed,
mwkaddar.
the brain,
dakhttl iala
Dive, 0. (jJai ffhatai, â

A place in the sea where they
dive for pearls, ôl*^ mughas.
Diver, *. j^lkc ghattas.

Disturbed in Divers, j^îu Int-.iJ, .iii aksar. See
Several.
ârad. To be Diverse, Jy-< mutafarrik.
tdtarab, iJLc Diversification, JjJuJ <aJ(fi?,
disturbed, <
<tlsJ tar
Disturber, .jA$L mukaddir.
Diversify, . ^JLc ghayyaar,
Disvalue, v. See Undervalue.
laddal, Jj kallam.
Disvelop, v. See Uncover, unveil. Diversion (amusement), .^J
Disunion (separation),
;! -. , |
fj*J tafarruj, Aap nuzhat. To
iftvrak; (breach of concord),
take diversion, Ûî tanazssah.
jLj'.*.Xe idilamitlifrtk,
Diversion (turning anything from
its course), i_Ji/..arl mhiraf,
^^xj iatwzi.
Diversion (in
(to Ml asunder, become separate),
war), <Lyii^ mughalatat.
infarak,
infasal.
Diversity,
tkhtilaf,
Disunite, p. (separate), jy /arai;
DIV
470
DIV
fork. A diversity of opinions, Divine, . (theologian),

OJblJlcJLi-l ikhtil&f arrayat.
in itt.iitt/ M. lahutt.
\hczcr.
Diversely, ^ jliii-l> li ikhtil&jin, Divine, v. JLjJ*9 fatah fal, jj>Jâ- fiawwal, j\J dar.
Divinely, (-^!!<)<ltj>-yj biwajhinilahl,
Divert, v. (turn off from any direc
su li kuwat ilahiyat, ^
tion), tisJ lafat; (to please),
min -.ii/id til 'aft.
See
Excellently.
[lence.
j~i tarr, -^ sharah,
Diverted (turned away),
munherif;
Diverter, *.
Divertive, . jb* mulhl.
Divineness. See Divinity, excelDiviner, s. (Jlî rammal.
Divinity, Deity, Godhead, <*H flah;

(theology), LlJyiU!.Lc iilm ul
lahut ; (a false God), *i^> tan&m.
Divest, v. '"' shallah,
Divisible, ,,.t.Jiv.i yunkasim,
tan. See Put off.
yutakassam.
Divide, v. +* kassam, cj} tcassssa^,
Divisibility, divisibleness, ^
Jji farak, âi fasal ; (to part
.^...Q-.)^ imkan attakslm.
from, or be divided), J
Division, ,iJ kasm, t*+ui> kumat,
infarak.
\
+*...;.< Iill;/, i in, |*Uuîl iktitdm,
Divided, ).i*Jut maksum, j.y
_iJ^j tawzf^. Division in arith
mafruk. Divided into different
kinds, t jîst mutanawwi^.
Dividend, s. auoa- hmat, ^_---^j
,-(/,'; A. See Portion, share, lot.
metic, +*M^~I takslm. The divi

sion of an inheritance, >l ". i^
Divider, . *iLJ kuuim, *-i*JL
sion (disunion), v ^---^\ ikhtilaf,

jjLftJ'lAj^ âdam ittifak; (dis
cj^-*ll iktisam al tnlras. Divi
mukassim, t J^ ZMWzat.
tinction), jLs^l imtt'yas.
Divination, L_^ <-H,-Lc ^tlm al
Divorce,
divorcement, jj^Ja //u/.-,
ffhayb, JU ful.
jj-J-^' tatlik. A divorce at the
Divine (partaking of the nature of
desire of the wife (in consequence
God), ^1 ilaM. The divine in
of which she renounces her mar
spiration, iJlJ,/l^l ilhamrablunl.
riage settlements and returns her
Divine (most excellent),
nfdnl.
presents),
DOC
Divorce, r. a wife,
atl&k, J
tallak.
Divorced, a divorced woman
471
DOG
Docket,
AJ fahratat,
fahris,
Doctor, *. (learned man), Jlc
4-a-lk mutdlakat.
Divorcer, s. jdk, mutallik.
Diurnal (daily), ^* yawml.
Diuturnity. See Duration.
Divulge, v. ^s\ afaha',j,\ azhar
hakim. A doctor of physic,

Juiklm, ^â tabib. An
academical doctor, (j*yJL mudarri. A very learned doctor, (j&s?*
muhakkik. A doctor of laws, 4jJi*
faklh (plur. lîJ/MAaAd). The first

doctor of the Muhammadan law,
ererything, cLA* mushya L.
the Mufti,
mufti. Doctors,
Divulged.yiUi zahir, jt mashUie
[physic.
hur, f^M* ma^lum, j_>Li
Doctor,
v.
tj!j
dawa'.
See
Cure,
Divulger, . -*L mushayyi^.
Doctrinal,
Dizziness, '^li.ljj dawakhdn.
Doctrine,
Dizzy, .fC'j dayekh. To become
Lijx-* ma^rifat (pi.
dizzy, ^.1 J dakh. To make dizzy,
maiarif), ^j (plur. t,yj funun.)
^JJ dawwakh.
[faâl.
Document, . tuLJ! tsidi. To pro
Do, p. j.i
duce documents or proofs, j-j\
Docible, docile,
^jSJt>\j^l\ abraz al barahln.
(*;^*.">Ji *ai*7 al tajlm. See
Dodder (plant), uyî\ aftlmun.
Tractable.
[<tfiw.
Doer, s. JcU f
Docility, ^lxJIaLLU kaliliyat al
Does, third person present of do,
Dock, . (for shipping),
hu ya^tniL
<_' askalat.
Dog, v_Ji^ ia (plur. *
Dock, . (to cat off the tail) ^ U;
A sea dog, Ull^Jj Mb alma.
^Li! atM^.
One who divulges
^JjJl Jtataâldanal; (to make

anything short),^]) hutar.
Docked (having the tail docked),
i--JjJl^^liL atoc. addanab.
\ye\ atwas.
The greater Dog-star (Sirius),

shi^ra' alyamani,
The little Dog-star, ,
thura' al ghumug.
alkalb.
Uuth the
DOL
472
DOM
* shiirayfin. Dolefully,
jj ij'io? ghammin.
Dolefulness,
*i
âw, Jl a?a.
\f\t\
al biihur. Dog-cheap, jLui knsdd. Doll, . (girl's baby), <U*J lu./mf.
Dogged. See Sour, sullen, morose, Dolorous, (ii;-s:'* A. See Dole
gloomy.
[picable, mean.
ful, painful.
Doggerel. See Burlesque, des- Dolor. See Grief, pain, lamen
Doggish, dog-hearted, ^r^ hilbl.
tation.
[bint al lahr.
See Brutal, cruel.
Dolphin, s. (.^^ dalfln,
Dogma, .;. *Jju tadlm, . , .J 'J f.-nnftn. Domain , JjC, mtilk. See Dominion,
dog-stars, ^L^
The dog-days,
estate.
Dogmatical (authoritative), !
Dome,
<LZ_3 kubbat. See Cupola,
_.Cr
(positive),
building, house.
Dogmaticalness
Domestic (familiar, tame, not wild),
(magisterialness),
hteku^f) Imi/ II, iJji-J baytuti, yuf L
-.i/ni</.
mat ; (obstinacy),
ma lift* ; (private), âUi. To dogmatize (teach magis
(not foreign, intestine),
terially), ,JL>- hakam; (to teach
juwwl,
A domestic animal,
new opinions), cJcj! i/ifttiln-..
i^fT^y^- hayw&n jutcwi. A.

Doing (part. pres. of do), ^l^LJ
fSttl, i,}*'= f&mil. Doing,
domestic war,
liiirali dakhli.
[annas.
doings (action, actions, feats),
Domesticate, . t_alj icallaf, ipiJ\
J*j /j7 (plur. JLwl
Dominant, to dominate. See Pre
Saying and doing, ^ j
dominant, etc.
kawlan tcafitlan. It is not my
V
Domination, Vi 1 ...7 insnJIut. See
doing, .Juuyiit* wu huji^h.
Dominion, power, tyranny.
Dole, . See Deal, distribute.
Dole. See Distribution, charity, Domineer, t>. l_^^ yr c/a',
^.j>- jabar.
grief.
Doleful (dolesome),
magh- Dominion (sovereign authority),
AvLL saltanat, i_jL- hukiimat,
matr&b,
mum,
Doleful weeds,
X>- lii'l.ni, -:~
tiyadat, jfi tahr,
...<.-.
DOR
473
DOT!
W ayalat. Absolute dominion, Dose, . (of medicine, etc.), "Lî

sharbat.
utiklul, laLuJ' tasallut.
Donation (donative) *Lj! inâm, Dost (2nd person pret. of do).
Dot, . <> li) niijdat, LLS-* mahatt.
Lke -.via.
Dot, v. LI) nakkut, k&i!1ks>- /// /
Done, part. pott, of do,
nutat.
ma<.mul, JÂ< mafâl,
Dotage
(from age), i_j^s*. TcTiaraf,
mtmâmt?. See
uJl^H inkhiraf.
[jahazi.
Made.
Donkey, .j\*&- himar, yLsfTjahsA. Dotal (relating to a portion), ufjl$Donor, . (Ja** mu^tl, *c\* month, Dotard, . doter, ^^y*- Kharfan.
A doter (one distractedly in love),
^^sr^^juilc âshik majnun.
Dotation,
J l^=>- jahaz.
is- /('//-//I, ^Cpl., ( >. /</[ //4
<Aar^t j (end, state to which one Dote, 7. i^- kheref. To dote
upon (to lore with extreme fond
is destined), <L5lc
ness), ^jiac^jê .foi- hijiimi,;
iit.hinit, C-.-IJ.H ,'
Double(two-fold),iîcLu
mudaâf,
ima< ; (ruin), tl/JU
,<^t mitsanna'.
Doom, v. *i- linktmi.
[kiyamat.
Doomsday, .^'-iI'*i_j ;/?///< a/ Double dealer, *. "jj-^^yO zu wajhln,
<-*lj wahib.
Doom (judicial sentence), Los tads,
,JJ\^t munafik, j\^t makkur.

Door, . <_>lj JaJ. The half of a
Double dealing, \jj riya, t\J\j*
folding door, f\f*" mitra*. The
murayah.
Double - tongued,
ring of a door, ^_J 'J ' >Jir>- Imlukut
albub.
Door-keeper, .
bawab. The Double, v. i_ic.L> daâf. To double
or become double, t_icLij tadaâf
place or office of a door-keeper,
Double,
<L>\)i biwabat.
muddâf,
Dormant (sleeping), *jU nSyim.
Doubled, ,^ miuanna'. To be
Dormitory, . Aj-LJIu
doubled, u_dcL<i ladii-.uf.
OMMMMM.
Dorser, *. (pack saddle),
Doubly, j, sU^sb it adûfin.
!'-."t (pi. *
Doubt, ^~L shubhat (plur. c
DOW
Dowager, a. <*su ,i<LLo ormolat
sharlfat. See Widow. [jahdz.
shubhut),
data,
Dower, dowery,
tatcahhum.
JtTa shubhat. To Dowered, *j-\fS* mvjahhazat.
doubt,
remove a doubt, Jaj rlsh
athtktdc.
naîm.
The down or pile of
i shakkak,
Doubt, p. tlXi sâi,
velvet, jUi- khdw. The down
*&y tawahham, <upon the fruit and leaves of trees,
Doubted, iJi^J^J^t mashkuk bihi.
ishtibah,
Doubter, . (UiA- musJitabih.

Doubtful, t~z*+ mushtabah, ^f
tuahml, t-îj" murib.
Doubtfully, doubtingly,
bikol shak,
irtiydb.
Doubtfulness. See Doubt.
Doubtlesa, A .*X i7 shubhat,
mt
Dove, .' '.
irtiyub.
Juunamat. A turtle
)j wdbr.
Down, s. i_f^j wadl. See Dale,
valley.
Down (downward), u:-.tV taht. .To
go down (as the sun, etc.), S-^*
gharab. Down to this time, (_J!\
^\\ JJb ila' hastd aVan, \i**ji_^\
]jjs> ila' yawmina haza.
The
going down of the sun, S-^-^

^LU.*^' ghwul ashshams. To
down with (knock down), *^~:
darab; (to subdue), t---J^ ghalab.
inhidam.
Downfal (ruin),
dove or wood-pigeon,
mutihadim.
[lurj hwn&m. Downfallen,
yamamat.
Down-hill
(declivity),
jjJ>- factor.
Dove-cot, dove-house, *. tX
Dough, ^^s* t;tn.
[noble. Downright (perpendicularly),
khati al
Doughty. See Brave, illustrious,
(in
plain
terms,
without ambi
Douse, v. (to plunge the head into
water), lU_j<S->U!a ghat rataho
bilma.
guity), UiS lafian; (completely),

(plain, open),
DRA
475
tarlh; (directly to th<

point), uyiux* mttstawiyan, \as*
*?-i>iit bikhaftin musfakim.
Downward (towards the centre)
a-yl'jjl 7a' a? wasat ; (from a
higher to a lower situation)
DRA
Dragon's blood,
assubyan.
Dragoon, .
khayydl sayytif.
Drake, *. LJ batt. See Duck.
Draper, .
- "Au
win
min Draught, . (of water, etc.) ji
fawk; (declivous), JjU maytf.
shurlut. Draught (sketch), i'ju^
musawwadat.
Downy (covered with down),j_j<d
Draw,
. (pull along) ~^>- jarr (to
kollaho wdbr.
Doxy, . See Courtesan.
Doze, v. (slumber), Jic
j_/i*j neês.
[tuna
Dozen, . toJj}- jatal, f* jarr,
To dragone anotherahout,i-.JJW5
tajazab. To drag (trail as a gar
ment, etc.), i^s*" *Aai. To
drag the limbs from fatigue,
ii*-j tahaf.
Dragged, h_jjÛ munjazib.
Dragoman, s. ^l*^; tarjuman.
attract, to allure), <_>ji>- /azai ;

(to draw, pull, or tear out), jjj
Itala^j (to draw or pump out a
secret or confession), jJi Harrar.
To draw out, or draw up in order
To draw up in writing,
To draw in or draw
(withdraw from, break
back
off),
k_-orsr tajannab. To draw off
(by distillation), Jos kattar ; (to

carry off),
To draw
back, Joilj tabaâd. To draw a
sword,
Drawing (delineation),
Dragon, *. ^.piJ tannin. The con(pulling),Js- jarr,

rtellation of the dragon, îjj
attanmn.
The dragon's tail, Drawn, (
majzub. Drawn
zareai
(extracted),
Dragonish, dragon-like,
)raw-well, -^-J itr.
mitl attannin.
)ray, . (O^c âraba. See Cart.
47C
DRE
Dread,
khawf,
haybat,
L*j ra^bat.
Dread, dreaded, * - _- '_.
xi'lnli haybat, i__J^s^* muieh&f.
DRI
Dress, . (clothe)
albas, i_ûlJ labbat; (to adorn),
^j zayyan. To dress victuals,
itvls tabakh. To dress (adjust,
trim), l
mukhaicwif, Dressed, drest (adorned),
mutazayyan.
muzayyan,
mukhlf. Most dreadful,
mulabbis.
A dreadful accident, Dresser, .
JLLla Mylat.
[mukhlf. Dressing, part, and a<^'. ^-- _-. 1 -r
mulbis.
Dreadfully,
j bi nawiin
Drew, preterite of Draw, i_^s^^ys
Dream, *. /L- //</ (pi. OJ
manamat), A. /,<'/,.,', An idle
/lit sahab. He drew them into an
ambush or snare,
^ .^ ;*~*JN
fancy,
khiyal bdtil,
Dread, v. i
Dreadful,
^.j.^XJl As soâJ Aum ila' al

kammin.
Dream, v.
Dried,
^/-jb y"***. Flesh dried in
Ad/ manam ; (to imagine, think
the sun, Jo jJ Z'rtrfzrf.
idly), *AJJ' tawahham.
Drift (purpose), <S_.J w)'y<, ol^
Dreamer, *. JU- halim.
murad, ^^pi gharad, 'j. tMzm,
Dreaming, . *^L-1 ihtilam; (part.)
trZj wahm.
JuoL maksad.
To drift (drive along), ^JJ dafai.
Dreamless, AL^jj^^* mm
, (Ju^sT bakhaih.
Drear, dreary. See Dismal, gloomy, Drill, v.
Drill, .
horrid.
maskab.
Dregs, *. (left after grapes or any Drink,
r-' v' $?'''<'!'
thing is pressed), ijLic ûsarat,
Meat and drink,
>af t(Mlr.
<// i^Y washshurb.
Abstinence
Drench, . Aî sharlat.
from meat and drink, f
muli I(dim.
[manam.
Dress, ^^L-J /'ids, (j*-J /'J ;

icashfhurb.
(splendid clothes, habit of cere
Drink, . (-^Jîi shereb. To drink
mony), <uL>. khalât, pi.
up or drink in, Jj ia/ac..
DEO
477
DRU
maskrub, Dropsical, dropsied, \J.M."...ilur~>-Ug

a/(j'J istiika, (JLuû^t muitaskl.
Dropsy, IjL.:.-^ istiska. To have the
Drinker, . <.>^l> shcirH.
Drinking, part. <_.>^Li> shdrib.
dropsy, JL>.r.,..il istaska',
\tJ-\~-.-^'-| vn.kd. In/ istitka.
Drip, p. kL nakkat.
Drinkable, i_>^ --,
.__..*.--i yansharib.
Drive, p. (off or away), cr^s~> Dross (of iron, etc.)

lahab, _; J i'.nfn-,. To drive out Drossy,
musaddi.
of doors, jJ tarad. To drive on Drought (want of i-.iin),
(proceed rapidly), 9^->l <wrj..
al malar, i_iliJ nashaf,
See Dryness.
To drive or rush with violence,
Drown,
. (suffocate in water),
^^2f+s.~ kaham âltf.
Driven, t;*^***^ mashub,
ghattas; (to overflow),
(to drown or be drowned), jî
Droll, i^^^cilU- halaho gharlb,
bikol naât;
Drowsily,
bi ihmalin.
(sluggishly),
Droll, . (buffoon), XjS?*" matkhara.
naâs
; (indo
Drowsiness,
Droll, p.î^*7 tamatkhar.
ihmdl.
lence), J
Drollery, tj*?** maskhara.
Drowsy, ^LuJii na^sun.
Dromedary, *. ^^s* Ao/t.
Drub, . L^ darbat.
Drone, t.jjiii dabbur.
Dronish, J^x; tambal, 0,^-L~i kasl&n. Drub, f. t-^Jfa darub.
Drudge, v. ,Jci- khadam,
Droop, p.
CfSi"^' mttskhm.
Drop, *. (of rain, etc.) sjbi kaira,

* Vi a ' til'/, til.
Drop, p. (as water, etc.) Lii nakkat ;

(to fell), kiL> .v^v//, _-^ iciika -.;
khadddm.
Drug, *. IjJ rfatca (plur.

adioiyat), _l
Druggist, s.jli
(to intermit, cease), * J faragh, Drum, . JJ tabl. A kettle-drum,
To drop in upon
Jûi nakkara. To drum, beat a
(come unexpectedly), y*^ kdbas.
drum, jZk tabbal, JJJl JJ rfi
Dropped, dropt, LL> munakkit.
DUB
DUL
478
tabur
Drum-major, s. jf>\*j
major.
Drummer, s. J^ tabbdl.
Drunk, drunken, ^}jf~> sakran.
Like a drunken man, jo^LJljJi-*
mitl asiakrun.
Drunkard, s. i_ X- sukrl. To be a
Ducat,
xj J ditwr,
meyar.
Duck, . A
Duck, *>. Ulljû*^!? <a!a ii7d.
See Dive, dowse, plunge.

Duct. See Guidance, direction,
passage. Ducts (in the bones,
etc.), *Xs1jj sawaîd.
Ductile, f-b* mutti, ^.JjeJlJjlS
Tt&lil attajim, ^J>&-* munhanl;
habitual drunkard, jL
taâllam âla' assukr.
Drunkenness, X-) tukr. To feign
(tractable), jbJL muktdd.
islU- Jf Dudgeon, j&&>- khanjar ; (indigna
drunkenness,
Carnal lullaho gakrdn.
tion),
Dry (not moist), y
Due (proper), J^J layiJt,
(thirsty), ulJac âtshan. Dry
mundsib, <*^s*-\)Wdjib,
in constitution,
mafriid. A debt due,
'/iir>/.: al mizaj.
-lj^j-jJ
dayn wajib al
Dry . (free from moisture),
wafu, (JjAu** mustahik.
yallas. To dry in the sun (flesh,
etc.), JAJi kaddad. To dry or Due, . (right) J^- hak (pi. J
; (custom, tribute),
wipe dry, ^**^ masah.
kharaj,
iij^ jaziyat.
Dryer, . (_/*~^ muyabMs.
Duel, .
Dryly (without moisture),
a' ? yaia ; (frigidly, Dug, ^)or<. of dig,
without affection or emotion), Dug, *.
mahfar.
Didcify,
bikol lur-adat.
ianun (pi. jj-J
Dryness, |^M.J yobs, A~>j?t. yabusat; Dulcimer,
(want of sensibility, frigidity),
Dull, dull-brained (stupid),
iJj lurudat.
Jaftrf ; (sad), <>}
Dual, ^^liî mwannct. The dual
(drowsy), (JM\*J na^-as. A dall
number, LiiJ tasniyat.
market, Îju^j^-j *ui ktuddn.
Dubious, dubiously, etc.
S
Doubtful, doubtfully.
Dull, i). (stupify), - hayyar.
UUR
479
BUT
Dolly (stupidly), *jLjJ_J bikol Durable, ^b /'/., v'Ji k&yim,

balaJat.
**-: kayyam, o-ob tcibit,
Dullness (stupidity), :oL laladat,
mustamirr. Not durable,
*jUc gJtalawat ; (sluggishness),
^û7 tahawun ; (sadness), *c Durably, -'.,v!' .J^ âla' addatoam.
glum.
Durance, duration, *>.J Aa.wS.rn,
Dumb (silent), jL>\ abkam, ijuj=~-\
liij Joi. .'-' ittimrar, CuLj
akhras, L^-^L; di#.
Duration
Dumbfound or strike dumb, v. (with
astonishment), c^- irtfoz^.
Dumbness (silence), .(j^^ kharat, Dura mater (membrane of the
brain), CL.A!' *' ,.. addimagh.
'^,- sukut, u
During ' jl md dam, lxi\ tuna.
Don (colour), /ti
During the war, _^s)U_i_Jl,.j
Dun, *.
fi asnd al Twrl. During our ad
daijii Mt'tfililijl.
ministration, l_^jj!j!(jijj,
Dun, p. ^jJUu-Jlt talib biddayn.
ft
saman idaratinS.
Dunce, *. jJj Inlld.
Dung, J_ij zii/. A dunghill, Duskish, dusky, x*- mu^tim.
<<_l_j^ masbalat (plur. J-jU^ Dust, jLc ghubur, "ij*c. ghabrat.
To raise dust, .-i ghabbar.
mazabU).
Dungeon, . ,_.^ /"'".
Dust, v. (sprinkle with dust), Jfi.
Dupe, :fa.r ghashim.
Dupe, v. iji+i ghah,ji. ghadar.
ghabbar.
Dusty (full of dust, covered with
dust), ij?. kolahu ghabra.

Duplicate, . (copy or corresponding
part), <Ui b 3 , .^.- v ;/ ,v taniyah, J^J Dutiful, duteous, T - ^ -t
jlax iiiiii'l.-<i,i.
>wi/, <ni**' naskha.
Duplicate, . ^îJ farma'.
Duplication, u-icL> taddûf.
Dutifully, isl^JC;
Dutifulness, A-cLJ; tdât,
Duplicity (deceit), Lj ryfl, Âc

Duty, Jp^ Aa* (plur. jjj
ghadr, Jjlii nafak.
*-y r<Mt (plur. *-j^ ;
Durability, durableness, Uu
' .j dmcam, C^Lj sab&t.
(office), J^ kltidmai.
To do
EAG
480
EAR
Eagerly (ardently), j>j-ijj bikol

sarlân.
ihawk; (quicUy),
The
mamab, Eagerness (ardour), <U^=>- Jtammiyat,
duty of an office, t<LJci- khidmat. A duty or toll,
; (vehemence^holet)
ghadab ; (impetuosity),
Jâs" mahsul. A collector of
one's duty, it _.!
tammam al teajib
duties, ^jîs-* muhasiil.

Dwarf, a. _\l!L^J /,/*// al kad.
Eagle, i.ju>j natr. The constella

Dwarfishness, <LliiJ^Ls sughr al
tion of the eagle, ^jl
kamat.
annasr attayir,
Dwell, v. ^î sakan.
annasr al
Dweller, . ^Ja^^t mutawattin, Ear, . (organ of hearing),
-ow iiinl-n.i, ^
usm.
The two ears,
Dwelling, *. i^_^j
azn&n. To lend an ear, _+i_^
makan, (.^M^ maskan.
istama^. The ear or handle,
Dwindle, . (consume away), t_alj
Dying, . c_v matet; (tinging),
Ear-ring, . jj Jialak.
Ear-wig, . (jloJl^liLs-* mtthkdih
^lw> sabdgh.
addan; (a whisperer), ,--^
**
Dynasty, *. (line of princes), a^bUsl!
icashi, /UJ nammum.
.'v-J .L*'1 attayfat al mulukiyat.
Ear-witness, . _/_; omi^.
Dysentery, *. , ^ ! J l$J '*Aa/ addam,
Earl, . cô^ .-"//j/f (French).
liX!!(J.^d oyZ addam,
Early (in the morning),
ni/, U^kiLgjJ dlsenteriya.
lakiran. Early (quickly), Uj,->
arlj_a. Very early,
E.
#&' b&kir.
/--,'.
Each, Jo-lj j M waAtrf.
Earn, *. *Tj rebeh,
Eager, (ardently wishing), jj
kaifb.
muMuk; (vehement, hot, choleric) Earnest, adj.
Jt jaddin;
/,r7,_*
(zealous), j^-c ghayyur.
/; (quick,
busy),
; (sharp, sour), Earnest (handsel),
hamid.
In earnest,
Ji jaddin.
EAll
481
EAT
Ease (rest), <L>Jj rahat ; (facility),

hakikatan,
* \j ; -- suhiilat ; (carelessness),
al haklkat.
JljM ihmtil; (gracefulness, want
Earnestly (with attention),
JuJLJ bikol takayyud ; (zealously),
of constraint), <LDL* muldtafat,
.bijsljjjo bikol ihtimam; (im
portunately), \j)\Jfcj bikol ibram Ease, v. (give rest), *?j rayyah.
Earnestness (fixed attention), ,JjLi Easily (without difficulty), J.
ihughl, JLixil ishtighal, Jiri!j&~i bikol suhulat.
[ycuar.
jad; (zeal), tcJbl ihtimam, Easiness (facility) ^ ^~ suhulat, j*uj
yhayrat ; (importunity), East, *. J/^ mcuhrik (pi. Jy
ihtimam.
ibram,
masharik), j^-i *ArA. The east
Earth, . ôj\ ard (plur. ,<^^
aradi) (the element earth),
*]/ furdi. The inhabitants of
the earth, yoî JU1 aJuiti Fard.
The face of the earth, JaJ^t^-j
vny'k Ford. The globe of the
earth, (./op! l~J> kurrat Fard. To
hide in the earth,
kkafa' fil Tard.
Earth-born (meanly born),
i_ - '-^ majhul annasab.
Earthen,
Earthiness,
Earthy (belonging to this world),
^*ej ardi, .j^lUi Calami ; (cor
and west, <_,**_! IjJîdl oZ

mashrik wal maghrib (pi. j;^Ll^ll
<_^,l_i_,J^ aZ mashtirik wal
magharib). Distant as the east
from the west, (
al mathrakln.
Easter,
sharlf,
al gd athui. tirf a/aih.
Easterly, eastern, tî tharfa (fern.

i1i _i sharkiyat).
Easy (not difficult), ^-Ji hayyin,
iînahel; (contented), ^Îjrarf?.
Eat, . J-S1 aia^. To eat and
drink, c-Jîj^l aâZ wa shereb.
Eatable,
poreal), 4_jU-*j>- jism&nl.
mdkal.
Earthquake, v. <LJjJj wlzalat (plur. Eaten,
Eater, . Jlil akkal. A man eater
Jjj^j zaluzil.
*>
Earthy, .yl/ twain ; (terrestrial),
(cannibal),
minus.
482
ECO
EFF
Eating, part. pres. J- \ aakil ; Economic, economical (frugal),

Jjs** mj.<a^.
[<wrawA.
8. ,Ji \ akl. Eating and drinking,
Ecstacy, _i-l\i_jLJaar\ inkhitaf
i_-v.^ JJ ' c/;/ ica jAuri.
Ebb, ^>- /azr. The ebb and flow
(of the tide), iXj^Js^/aar t0a mad.
Ebony, (JM^J\ abniis.
Ebriety,j$L> sukr.
\_ghalaydn.
Ebullition, AMJ fakfakat, Ûli
Eccentric (deviating from the centre,
irregular), >xcUSt(__il>- khilaf
al kd^tdat.
Ecclesiastic, adj. .yuoli^ kandytl.
Echo, ljus sadd, .j^V. yfyhi.
Echo, v. j-cbj^ . /'i ydghl.
Ecstatic, ^Jj^..-^ tnaital, J^.x-

madhul.
Eddy, . >r^ ffhamrat.
Edge (thin cutting part of a blade),
J- /,;'.;','. An edge (border),
j\ kandr, &*Jj\o- hdthiyat, i_>J)o
taraf.
Edged, _L\Ji /.;//;. Jo- /-..-.'//.
Edict, s.j*\ amr, *i>- hukm. The

royal signature on public edicts,
j_.iy tawkl^.
Edification, >.,jUj tajim, i~)JJ

Eclat, <jPjj ratonak, Lc rfiya.
tarowtttj Lm ^^J^vJ' tddiib.
Eclipse, -. (of the sun), uJUj!
T73*/>
inkudf; (of the moon), i_J^SkhusHf.

Eclipse, o. (the sun), c-ti..^ kasaf;
(the moon), L_B....<- khaiaf.
Eclipsed (as the sun), i_r.i.C'.- munkasif; (as the moon), i_i/*2CV
munkhasif. To be eclipsed (sun),
t^ 3 ... C j]
inl'/utfif^
fmnnrt\
u-Bi"i^l inkhaiaf.
Ecliptic, . ^M*-4.-i-_! ' ^ j-L- /.').'
nsh&hanis,
-7 Jj
|Q ^*'^
JjClinCU,
If
o.
1 C
" )-
ltm.lltl.ftf
c.H//*c//(7t,
'
i.tVj '
bunyan.
Edify, o. <_ol addab, Ac. âllam.
Edition (of a book), ajtj? tablet,
Xj&j nashrat.
Editor, . j-ili i,i'i ./;,:
Educate, . ^j rabba', t_)51 addab.
Educated, ^^J/* murabba'.
Education, iwjj' tarbiyat,
. -^__"
teÂw, <_>J\ orfo*.

>fi-:'ti- Eel, . i^_- '._J---^ ' ^_x."-- tamak al
hayyat, ^.KH miklis.

takat al buruj.
Economy (frugality), Jljcxl i^tiddl; Efface, . See Deface, erase,
(arrangement), c- ^^ 7y tartlb,
obliterate.
Jaj nazm, /llJ\ mfigdm.
Effect (that which is produced by
EFF
483
EJA
an operating cause), ^-Jli" t&slr, Effervescence, ^Lii ghalayan.

fUo nattjat. The cause and Efficacy, efficiency, *~kcM fd^tliyat.
effect,
(plur. c _yiJ-_) Jj-oin a/ u/
./arfif. Effect (purpose), iSj
(jOjf- gharad, Juj kasd; (com
pletion), J-îXj' takmil.
Effects, JU ?waZ (plur. J1j-l
amtcal), ^\j m/fc (plur. Jj^
is. âkar. Private effects,
al amtcal al kMssat.
Effect, v. (effectuate), *AJ tammam,
^-*; Jcammal.
See Effect, agency.

Efficacious, efficient, (JÛ faîtl.
See Effective.
Effigy, Ijê surat, JCi Aai-;.
Efflux, effluxion, tlXft*uJ\ imifak.
See Effusion.
Effort, _
^1 ytihad.
Effrontery, a[>-l5j wak&hat. See
Impudence.
Effusion, i_* ^ safk,
.v.,7i.
The effusion of blood, * .

Effected, *L*_j tamSm. To be
safk i' iliIa,a.
effected, *'jÛs sfir tdmm.
Eft. See Lizard.
E. G. (exempli gratia, for example),
Effectible, *ij ya.tv.rn.
i'j- masalan.
Effective, effectual, efficacious, effi
cient, jyt mttassir, ^\
<LLcl4l laho faultyat,
Egg, *. Arfi.'-:' baydat. The eggs of

fish, jU.-s- khubyar. An egg
shell, <Lo..Jl_LLs AwA;- al laydat.
Effectively, effectually, efficaciously, Egg, . See Investigate, incite.

Eglantine, . (a species of rose or
kuwat,
sweet briar), {.ji*a*-ful nisrin.
bikol faîliyat ; (completely),
Egotism, ijUl ananiyat, ^_- ^
LLJ tatn&man.
C->1 JJI
Effeminacy (female softness),
U layunat.
Egregious,
Effeminate (soft), *_-' nd^tm ;
mukammal.
[it
(lascivious), (JÂj fasiie,
L> Egregiously (exceedingly),
_ '^.-_ ,,.-; /,,7y shahw&t.
Egress, egression,
Ejaculate, v. ,<* ramf , i_ -*'
Effeminate, v. (soften), xj mi-.-.
Effervesce, v.
ntnthab.
EIT
484
ELD
Ejaculation, *. (short or sudden

ahad kwn. Either side,
prayer), ijs-J da^wat ; (throw),
,.j~j U- janibln.
[supply.
raml,
Eke, p. See Add, increase, lengthen,
Eject, v. (drive out), -rj^ akhraj; Elaborate, (<L_f âmall, r__' ~->
(to cast away), Jo tarah; (to
musanna^. To elaborate,
void from the mouth), 9 .&-.,'
kammal. Elaborately,
istafragh. To eject from an
JiioZ i^tina. AjjJ6>*bikol diktat.
Elance, v. See Throw out, dart.
office,
Ejectment, *. (from a possession), Elapse, v. j* mar, ^\j zul, c^Lj
fat,
.^ t mada'. The time
ikhraj min al
mlrHs.
[sion.
which is elapsed, .Ûll^L*;
zaman
al mddl.
Ejection, _^-l ikhraj. SeeExpulElastic
(spring)',
springing),
Eigh or eh, interj. *\ ah, \j\.
Eight, i_._jUj mi >i> <~> nii/iit. The
mtttakabbir.
eamin. An eighth Elate,
eighth,
\ idiiutlalt"
,i_<LLf
*Mm. Eighteen, Elate,
(part),
mutakallir.
samaniyat cashar.
Elation, j takabbur.
The eighteenth,
Elbow,
narfak, c^ ku^,
i saminat
Cashar (fern.
JjJ
[alakbar.
âsharat). Eightfold,
Elder brother, . ^.^1!^ a/dM
samaniyat adtaf. Eighthly,
Elder, . (a man whose age gives
saminan. The eightieth,
him authority), ^.i shayk.
ana. Eight score,
^^-j muyatuiasuttun. Eighty,
Elders,
shayukh,
mashayekh,
Lcl a-.yun
^y LJ samanun, ^J LJ eamanin.
al
katcm.
{bilûmr.
Eight hundred, '<L 1*^1*5 saman
Elderly,
mulakaddim
mayat. Eight thousand, i_j^ 1 ^^J
Eldership,
samdn alaf.
thaykhukhat ;
Either, b yo. Either the one or the
(primogeniture),^_jj bakuriyat.
other,^-i!ll)Jo-!jlll) ya alwahid Eldest, jj bikr.
[balasdn.
yd al akhar. Either of you, Elder tree, *. ti)ULJ^rs-! sa/ar al
485
ELE
Elecampane (herb),
^Lx?- jan&h,
zinjibil shdmi.
ELE
rdsan, Elegantly, &ILS J$o iô? latafaf.

Elegy, *. (poem), ^.v,..a< /:.-- ,7:/-,-/
(plur. Oo^^J! kasdyid). A mourn
ful or funeral song, <Lj

Elect, v. t_âcu! intakhdb,
ikhtdr, su nakka\
(plur. ,
Elect, elected, J\. r. , .V* mukhtdr, Element, ja^s. ûnsur (pi. jrf>U*
v_-"gv-.-f muntakhab, ^ V*-^
The four elements,
mustafa'.
Election, t_lscul intikhdb.
Elective, v_,:Luj yitntakhab.
Electively, c_>lsii3b i7 inlikhab.
Elector, *. i^^-^^t muntakhib.
Electre (amber), lj_j*li kdhrabd.
Electrical, c_?jl?- jdiib.
Electricity,
jdzbiyat.
Electuary, .
(plur. ^k>-[xst maâjln).
alândsir al arbaât.
The four elementary qualities of
man, ^L>-l<Lji-j S\ al arbaât
i'1-lilf/f. The elements or letters
of a language, LjEr!i_Jj^~>huruf al hujd. The elements or
rudiments of science, JjJljî
din ; [ili al iilni.
Elemental, elementary (belonging to
the elements),
(uncompounded),
Eleemosynary (living upon alms),
ghayr murakkab.
Elephant, . J.J fil. An elephant
al hatandt; (given in charity),
keeper, Juj fayydl. The ele
A;..>..-- hasanat.
phantiasis (disease of the ele
Elegance, i-i\J& tardfat, &
phant), J-il!'\J daa alfil.
latdfat, .~~*~ husn,
Elevate, v. ^c âlla', ^_ -~'< natab,
i raurnak. Elegance in speak
^sî rafa^.
ing or writing, <LcL_j baldghat, Elevate, elevated, f^ marfa^,
A- Lai fat&hat.
.Jlc âll, f-*J/ murtafa-,.
Elegant, i_Q.J7 .1 latlf, <~JuaJe tarif, Elevation, ?Uj;l irtifd^. Elevation

^j*-*- hasn, (Jj-J- Jamil, î
or sublimity of style, t_
bahl. ilost elegant, <^J>Jo\ asraf,
itnab.
-I a!'.--nt.
Elevator, *, J\i rafi^.
12
486
ELO
EMA
Eleven ,
\ ahftad ^ ashar. The Else (pron. other), j>-l akhar>
j~. yhayr ; (adv. beside, except),
eleventh,
hddi idshar.
ltXct mil cc.add.' Lj>\_- hashd.
Elf, *. (a spirit supposed to be seen
in wild places), Jî ///</,
Elsewhere, _î-TJs^ <j /z mahall
Elicit, . ir%"> safiab, ii^-jazab.
dkhar.
Eligibility, eligibleness, <LJiL.,J Elucidate, t>. ^5 waddah, ,^->
layyan, >rjZ> iharah.
layakat id intikhab.
Elucidation,
f^jJ tuicdih, 10^
Eligible, <) layik,
-l_j wdjib,
baydn, rj^> iJiarh.
Elude, v. JjU- hdwal; (to avoid),
al intikhtib.
Elision (cutting off a letter or
ihtazar.
' syllable, etc.), i_J Jo- Jiazf.
ljc.a-iSI^^^ mumkin al
Elixir, j^\ afalr.
ihtiztir, jUv r.--^/j3 /ogtm o^
Ell, s. o\,j zara^.
ihtizar.
[Stratagem.
mustawjib
Elm-tree, *. j\<3j dardar,

Elusion (artifice), <OLt>- hllat. See
Elocution, ^-Uoi fufull <i I,
Elusive, elusory, ÛLc ghashshdsh.
balaghat.
[praise, panegyric. Elysian, e~3<^J fardotl. See De
Elogy,
madh. See Encomium,
lightful, delicious.
Eloigne, v. (put at a distance),
Elysium, jûjJ^-ftJl aZ fardaws,
&.Ls\ ajjannat.
Elongate, v. (lengthen),
Emaciate, v. (make lean), _ tawwal; (to go at a distance),
rfa^to/, u-cssr nahhaf; (to be or
j.jJ_!j rah labrfd.
become lean), \_^-r deêf.
Elongation (lengthening), (Jj_jiaJ'
Emaciated,
?</*/_/',
tatwll; (distance), A__.' hiid;
(departure), j^s/rai.
Emaciation,
Elope, v. ji farr, i*\$i\ inhatam.
Emanation,
sudur.
Elopement,^firar, (*|jfil inhitam.
Eloquence, ^-Lu fasahat, Z_c^_j Emancipate, . (_/Ar>- khallag,
a-. Ink, (jhli>l atlak.
balughat.
iaii-.uk. An
Eloquent, ~}~^ fazih, _Jj laligh. Emancipated,
Most eloquent, f0*^ afsah.
emancipated slave, Jj^
EMB
487
EMB
Emancipation, Jjlicl i-.ta/:,

Embellish, . ^jj zayyan. Em
itldk.
bellished, ^-' '< muzayyan.
[Castrate.
Emasculate, v.
khata'. See Embellishment, <UjJ zltutt.
Emaus (a town in Syria),
Embers (hot ashes), j^ sharar.

Embezzle, v. (to appropriate by
breach of trust), ûijjv-1 tkhtalas ;
Embalm, v.
hannat.
Embalmed,
(to waste in riot, etc.),
Emburcatioii (going on board ship),
asraf,
jjsUlJJj^J nuiVl ftl bahr; Embezzlement, <L}L>- khiyanat.
Emblem, s. ij\&>] isharat
(putting on board), JLjj wask.
Embargo, .
fcanayat,
tibarai,\*j rams.
[ramtl.
Emblematical, emblematic,
mar&kib -.m, id khuruj min al mutd . Emblematically, tîlj lilramz.
Embolden, j*>s*- jassar,
Embark, v. (go on boi
OMO
kawwa' kalbaho.
[hayyar. Embolismal, ambolous (intercalary),
<Ui.,.^ kablsat.
Embarras, v. ^J-^ thawwash, jEmbrace
(fold in the arms), <_jl*
Embarrassed, , ^vl^ mushawwash.
fiinak. To embrace one another,
To be embarrassed,
mudtarib.
JpUj taânak ; (to comprise),
Embarrassment, i^-o- Atra^c
Jvts&l ishtamal; (to admit, re
idtii '''?>, pijZJ tashwlth.
ceive), jdH attakhaz.
Ambassador, ambassador,
. <*rll Embrace, s.
nnelfil bahr; (to put on board),
hadanat. Conjugal em
braces, Jl-j tcisal, f
K butt If, r. i^Jjfj^MtA \ ujLa */' Embracer, . Û^* muânik.
a/ cottar HI harb. See Array ; Embroider, v.^Jo tarraz.
and under Battalia.
Embroidery, Jj^lii tatrlz.
a bay, r. (inclose in a bay), ]a\-\ Embroil, v.
khalat.
b.-i-.-y , *. SjlLj safurat.
_-.lj=- V
Embryo, *. .*}& t'anin.
EMI
488
BMP
Emendable, -l^l'I^C*^ mwnkin al Eminent (exalted in degree), JL:

isldh.
sharlf. Very emi
Emendation, JLa\ isldh.
sahib
nent,
Emendator, *. ^** musallih.
Emerald, *. J^J zumnrrud.
Emerge, v. j^> seder, i^jjo- hedes.
Emergence, emergency (sudden occa
makam
Eminent men,
arldb al maâti,
\-ijJ* shurafd. Eminent (con
spicuous), jj ; << mashhur,
tîjjtst ma^rvf.
\_âll.
sion), JdU- hadisat ; (the act of
rising into Tiew), ,â iithur, Eminently, ^^JUîls-^j bi wajhin
Emissary, s. ^jw^->U>- jdsug.
c yi tulu^, jjâ fti'dilr.
Emission (sending out), _
Emergent (sudden), <S_Ls_c J_c.
ikhr&j, j\^*e\ isdar.
âldt ghaflat, *--**">j~- ^-.-...r'
Emit, v. (send forth), _j~*.\ alchraj.
ghayr mutaralckab ; (rising into
Emollient, ^j^t mulayyin.
view), îU nahl,j(&a sdder.
Emolument, 'JuJil> fayidat, _j
Emeroids or emerods, . jy^J lasur
nafi, ;iut mttiush.
(plur. ^..-jl^j lawasir}. An herb
Emotion, t_>^ . U^\ idtirab. See
which cures the emerods (verbasAgitation.
cum or mullein), t-jjJl^'jl amn
Empale, v. (a man), Jjj_p- AAairaai.
al dull.
Emperor, s. (or king), ÛaL; sulton.
Emetical, emetic, J^lax* munattik.
The Emperor of Rome, ^-^
Emetic, . c \jir.J\ istifragh.
kaysar. The Emperor of China,
Emigrate, v. ^LjjJ!iJJ^._j tarak
jîii faghfnr.
addiyar, jsP hajr,
Emphatic. See Forcible, energetic.
Empire
(command), .;- hukm, ,^
J)j tarkalwatan,
amr; (the imperial dignity},
ran.
Eminence, eminency (exaltation in
^.y^j saltanat. An empire
rank), Ji^gf-jalal, L*\J* kar&mat,
kingdom, <&L~ mamldkat,
saltanat,
. J . J dawlat.
jJx //<>. Eminence (height),
cUj^l irtifa^.
An eminence Employ, . (keep another at

*A< khaddam,
(high ground), Jj' tal.
EMP
489
ENO
To employ one's-self, (J.t;._ i\

ightaghal. To employ one another,
malakut,
IjLiLU taihaghalu. To employ
al kursl.
(use as an instrument or means), Emulate, v. (endeavour to equal or
,Jk*_i-)! uta-.tn.al. To employ
excel, without envy), ^b sdbak.
every endeavour, <U^!1 Jjo basal Emulation, tj^s. ghlrat, Juu-->- hasad.
al himmat, ^j_Jl J J-_> bazal Emulously, ^cj^j bikol ghlrat.
Enable, v. j*\s kaddar, ,_$j> kaunoa'.
majhiid. To employ (commission
Enact, v.j*\ amar, />- Itttkam.
or entrust), ,jj wakkal.
Enamel, U^ minS.
Employable, JU ".....Mi--* >-\j
Enamour, v. Jf-iê êshek.
Employed, JT . .',* mmhtaghil, Enamoured, Jîile âshik. To
be deeply enamoured,
Jî^ mashghul.
^jXsr* t&shik majnnn.
Employer, s. (one that uses),
Encamp, v. -~mtutamil.
Employment, employ, Jii shughl, Encampment, . o^
- amr,
Carnal; (office), Enchant, v. jf."1 sahar.Enchanted,^)^sr***^ mathur.
i_ -^--* mansab ; (service),
Enchanter, *. j>-\j i&hir,
khidmat.
sahhar.
Empoison, v. **_> tammam. See
Enchanting, adj.j^*" mushir.
Poison.
Emporium, s. (mart), jAij bandar, Enchantment (magic
f<ihr.
Enchantments,
j\j\i bdtdr.
âzayim.
[sahirat.
Empower, v. ôji fawwad.
Empress, .s1. ^C.. malakat, AjLLL) Enchantress, . (sorceress), ^>.Lj
Encircle, r. JfjU<L-_Lft^j wadti-.
tulianat.
c.allhi tara.
Emptiness, 1=- khald.
\Jadl.
Empty (void), ^5!^- khdli, ^Lj Enclose, p. (surround), LWl
(to confine), ,
Empty, v. ,f^J fadda'.
Empyrean, . (highest heaven),
Enclosure, .
ur,
EXC
490
xiti/il. An enclosure of pales,
END
J ta-.urrud; (burden),
(debt), ^J hard,
t\ J durabzln. An enclosure
for cattle, j*a&- htaAr.
Encomiast, _jl_ mddih,
Encumbered, C x*.
maddah, k__a-|j watif.
End (conclusion), fi- \ akher (plur.
Encomium, _ j>, ntadh, _v*oj~\)\ awakhir), Ailc âkibat,
Bncompass, p. See Encircle,enclose.
- ^'"'i ;
mrd(?; (an event),
(accidental meeting), siiL
(death), Jj?-l <y/,
malakiit, <Ljjl_-M musHd-afat ;
(casual incident), <Lj wakât.

Encounter (combat), (Û
(to meet face to face),
adifci/; (to oppose), ujLlU- ^d/a/,
(abolition), JlLul tJt The end

of the world, ^L^jJtyolj-LJ^
inkirud azzamun. To the end of
time, ÛJT
in! tin azzamdn.
Encourage v'. (animate),^-*?- jattar,

l'\jSf- âs\ a^ta'jarat. To en
l ito'
The end of a
sentence or period, ksr* mahatt.

The end of a verse, <LjU kafiyat.
courage an insurrection,
,
The end of a speech or letter,
JWR!! harrak alfatad.
fKJIfLi-*. khitSm rf Mam.
Encouraged (stimulated),
Brought to anend,^^^ i,iiinf.;',i
muharrak.
In the end, j+l\j~\ akher al
Encouragement,
tahrlk,
amr. To no end, Itb la tHan.
âjjST tahrld.
End, v. (bring to an end), *J
Encourager, .
muharrik.
tammam ; (come to an end), /î 1
Encroach, v.
faâdda'
intaha' ; (to put to death),
-.11/11'. J^llu tat&wal.
Encroachment, J^HaJ' tatdtaul.
Endamage, v.
Encumber, . ,J-*- hammal.
Encumbrance (impediment), _i-
/ khasural.
Endanger, v. ijytli- khutor /I.
491
END
Endear, v. jjs. -.n~-r..
Endeavour, Af- jahd, A>- jad,

<3\f>-\ ijtihad, (<*~' Mil, ,l*iJi!
ENG
hatanat. Endowment (quality),
t_i->j 7<w/(plur. t_JL>jl cuei&f),
Of fine endowments, t_o*-l_^
<i_L^?-(_sLajUaAj'i aiosufjamilat.
ihtimUm, *Lv-' ikdam, A. great

endeavour, /lj,L*ifc! ihtimam Endue, v. (with mental excellence),
t.ff/7.
turn. With every endeavour,
i-jl istimrar
ikol ihtimdm, jC.' Endurance, lib
(sufierance, patience), ^.-0 tabr,
i ii'io? .,<[-.> j''mi'.
iiUs <diai, ^jJior tahammul.
Endeavour, . HP^ jadd, .j*-1 saâ'Ended, *Uo tamam, *-*'i. iinituiii- Endure, v. (bear, suffer), j~e gabar,
1
r
tahammal; (to last, remom, f^f^* muntahl. The book
is ended (finis),
a* / ;":'.;,'-.
Endive, L'A-_s hindiba.
tarn
Endless (not terminated),
,+-<\ i\tilinai:
Enemy, . jJtc âdaw (fern. i>i\c

âdawat, plur. !AC\ a-^dfi). A.
prudent enemy is better than a
foolish friend,
ghayr muntahl,
ffhayr mutnahl ; (infinite in time),
in sadlkjahil.
.wlj dayyern, ,_?AJ! dnil'i.
Endlessly, Ujlj dayman, M\ft\+}\ Energetic, ^cî Icautl,
Energy, i_,AJ kudrat,
dayyem al ayyam.
iU*L-ii ghah&mat.
Endlessness, /*\J dawSm,
thahlm.
kiiicat,
igfimrar, AJ! aid, <OtX)1 abadiyat. Enervate, . enerve, enfeeble,

Enforce, v.j^-jabar; to invigorate),
Endorse, r. 5^ raJtam,
''-*= ~; t./tai-iih ud
,_^j katowa'.
Enforcement. See Compulsion.
Endorsement, *. ,ij rakam,
tharh.
Enfranchise, v. (manumit), (ôli
Endow, v. (with a portion),
khallas, ^jdlsl aâi. See Liberate.
akaf. Endowment Enfranchisement, .sXijl *'</di.
(portion), j$* mahr. Endow Engage, v. (fight) t_>;U- AdraJ ;
ments (for picms uses), uJ'JJ
atoluf, <J\jfti* khayrat, <^J\
(to employ another in business),

âyyan. To engage (con-
ENG
492
EXJ
Englut, e. (swallow) _L iaZat.

Engorge, f.
ibtala^. See
Swallow, devour, gorge.
Engrain, s. (dye deep and durable)
sabagh ghamik. [etc.
Engrapple, . engrasp. See Grapple,
En Engrave,
pay debt),
jJis*. hafar.
gagement or contract),
Engraving, *.
J naksh.
J^c âhd, jJLc âM Engage Engross, v. (attention),
shaghal albal.
ment of the attention, JLe-il
Enhance, v. (a price) ^îllol j tad
jjd\ ishtighiil al fikr.
Engaged, Jj-<-A-< mashghnl. See
assaman ; (to raise in esteem),
iLitOiljlj :"(/ it/ iitibar; JuiJ
Employed.
sakfcal. See also Aggravate.
Engender, v. (beget) jJ. weled.
tract to do anything),
To engage (be se
curity for a debt), JAXJ takaffal ;
(impawn, stake), ^j rahan.
Engagement (conflict), t_-^r*- harl,
Jlui I- iInl. An engagement (to
Engine, *. (for raising water from Enhancement
(augmentation
of
rivers, etc.) <_>^J dula.1. An

value), <U*JiJljL)iJ ziyadat at
kimat ; (aggravation), itliu saklat.
engine for throwing stones, etc.,
(jUxr-cu* manjarilk. "Warlike en Enigma, *-j*j ramz, Ji!
Enigmatical, jy*y marmuz,
gines (in general),
ramzl. In an enigmatical sense,
An engine (device),
enigmatically, J^j It ramzin.
jJ duldb, Ju
Enjoin, v. j*\ amar, *i- hakam.
(an agent for another),
Enjoy, v. (live in happiness) >.B>J
Engineer, . (director of artillery),
tuitii-^-.ihii. To enjoy the posses
^-sc^J <&;'?, (jwiXxt* muJumdis;
sion or property of anything,
(a director of buildings or works),
l,t i,/:i-.n,i>,-. (JM Ju^ muhandis.
English, J.KJ! anyRz. An English
man, cfj^J^-J^ angllzl. The
English East India Company,
niyat til hind.
cJ^~3j tasarraf, j-^w tamatta^.

To enjoy the possession of wealth,
.'..". rl ightanam. To enjoy the
company of a mistress or intimate
friend, <Gyi**^ J*s^ icasaZ
shukaho, te^Jas*. htzi bihi.
ENO
Enjoyment, i^jâj tatarruf, Jt>
tantiiûm, _i*J toimaitu^.
Enkindle, . See Kindle, excite
rouse.
Enlarge, p. ~ij watta^, (to amplify)
baloffk fil Icaldm.
To enlarge eloquently,
493
ENT
**^>- * .
wa z& jasltn.
Enormous, duJi-i shadld,
tharrir ; (excessive),
Enormously,
it shiddatin.
Enough, arfp.
ia; s. ijl /ta/f.
It is enough,
kafayat.
To enlarge or Enrage, . ^_ ghaddal.
set at liberty, ^âLrS- khallas.
Enraged,
ghadul,
Ealarged. See Extended, expanded,
ghadban.
increased.
Enrich, f. Âcl aghna'.
Enlargement, rr-'J tawsi
Enriched, *_^.r- mughtanim.
udiyad ; (magnifying represen Enrol, p. îiixJLjJuJ Icayyad lil
tation) Ax!L^> mubulaghat, L.1 -ij
daftar. To enrol a cause in a
te/rK. See Exaggeration. (re
judge's book, J-sr" sajjal.
lease from confinement), il^sr1 Enrolment, _/-JJ daftar, J-^s*^
.<,-///.', jjfllsi- khalus.
tasjil.
[istence.
tatcwal al kalam.
Enlighten, >-. ,ZJ nawwar.

Enlightened,^^ munawwar.
Enlink, p. See Chain, bind.
Enliven, v. (give life)
>~\ ahya1.
Ens, ^/Is kayin. See Being, exEnsign, s. Ac ti'Ium (plur. lc1

, Zi\j rayat (plur. C^blj
Enlist, v. yjjJbjLjLJ Icayyad Ml Enslave, v.

daftar.
slaved,
Enmity, *,'jt= âdatoat, i^â^. Ensue, v.
kJuuumat, <L&Jlsr* mukhalafat.
succeed.
To show enmity, L*yags\.ô\ Snsure, v.
ozhar al Ichusumat.
tahdi
Ennoble, v. <_iî iharraf. Ennobled,
i__J-lw musharraf. To be en
nobled, uJy^J tagharraf.
Enormity (depravity), idki ihiddat,
bayrak.
in/H'.l/oi(. En
mustu-Jiud.
tali^.
See Follow,
Intangle, . t_ftJ laft ^j^- kharda^.

entanglement, <L_cJ.=^ khardaât,
; (perplexity, puzzle),
idtirdb.
ENT
494
ENT
Enter, v. JiO dakhal. To cause Enthusiast, *. (visionary),

mutakhayytt ; (a man of a warm
or force to enter, Jî- J dakhkhal.
To enter by force, s^ hajam.
temper), ^\\^\>mud/.
To enter into conference or consultation, \jjliJ tashdicard. To Entice, v. ^j^\ aghwa'.
Enticement, \jc\ tghwii,
enter into partnership, \I
>- jasib. En
To enter into an Enticing, adj.
agreement, IjiXfclnJ' taâhadn. To
enter into a treaty of peace,
u
Entered, Jr>-^ dukhil.
ticingly,
jazliyat, \jC\J&> bikol ighteu.
kdmil, *l*j tamam,
Entire,
Entered
tamaman,
Entirely,
in a book or roll, j&--<
bMamam. Entireness,
mundarij, J>J^ mukayyad.
Entertain, v. (receive hospitably),
Entitle, p. (give right or claim),
uî_5 ddf al musafir ; (to
amalaho sahib
^
talk with),
^.JJo takallam
Entity, ^l^ kayin.

-l* Entoil, v. iju-x*3UuX- mesek bH
Entertainer, *. (host), i
eiA4 nZ diyafat.
masyadat. See Ensnare, entangle.
Entertainment, *. *_iL.-s diyafat. Entomb, v. (bury), ^J dafan.
A place of entertainment (as an Entrails, ^JJ\*A masarin. See
inn, etc.), <L-iLaJ^J dor al
Bowels, intestines.
diyafat, (Jj** wzaZ. Enter Entrance,
madkhal,
lahu,
tainment (amusement),
dukhul ; (commencement),
ii JJ /'',::/, lis- Aaz.
shurtis,, \JCjl ibtids.
Entrap, . See Ensnare, involve.
Enthusiasm (inspiration), ,
(vain belief Entreat, .
tarajja',
t'/Adm,
of divine inspiration), Jtb jUic\
iltamas.
Entreaty,
i^tikud batil bil
rajs,
'; (ecstacy), Jtfj-j
iltimas.
495
EPI
EPI
Entry,
duth&l,
Epicure, *.
u) baytrdnl.
madkhal ; (a passage to a house), Epicurean,
batnan'i. See
Luxurious.
Epicurism.
See
Envelope, t>. <jia
Luxury.
Envelope, the envelope or cover of Epidemical, epidemic, ,jyL> drf,
a letter, etc., (_sic ghilaf.
. An epidemical
Envenom, v. (poison), ,*t~> zammam.
distemper, *b
Enviable, iV.i.ar yufaad, ^JÂM.^ Epigram, *.
(\iir* 1 iiitnlnhik nl hasad.
akhiraho Tcadh. Epigrammatic;
Envied, J^ ... y* rnaktud.
An
envier, A-iU. Adgttf.

Envious, iJ^yyt. hasud,
An epigrammatist,
M^tr kaddah.
Epigraph, ^1^-xc ânw&n. See
Inscription.
Epilepsy, . â ar^. Epileptic,
Enviously,
Environ, c.
Environs, . ^>-\jJ nawdhi.
Enumerate, v. Ac âd, ^_^,>^ hasab Epilogue, *.
Enumeration, Lo^-1 ihsd, jljjtJ' Epiphany, *.
ghitus.
ta^dad, t_jLi>- Awi, J^c ^rf.
Enunciation. See Declaration, in Episcopacy,
kMtimat.
at
itkafiyat.
formation.
Enunciative, L5la8l lafst.
Envoy, . l-fxl efcAt, J-ij wa>ll/.
Envy, r. >\v,.-- hamd. To envy one
another, !_j JusLac'' tahasadu.
Epistolary correspondence, .ul

makatalat.
Epitaph, g.jîL\^ kitabat kabr.
Envy, J^- A<warf, ^c ghlrat.

Ephemeris (journal, almanac),
Epithalamium, s. (j*^_ciLa<;jw
madihat ttrs.
, *jyu takwlm, Epithet, <liff tifat, *__i^j leasf (plur.
*jjUj tak&wlm.
Ephesus (city),
Epicedinm (funeral oration or poem),
iU^ manut (pi. î^ wraj).
jl awsdf), i
(plur. t_?UJ! oZidJ). Dis
tinguished by an epithet,
muttatif.
EQTJ
Epitome, t.
EQU
496
-- "- ** mukhtasar,
muntakhab,
Equanimity, ,.-0 tabr

musawdt.
Equation, i'
Equality.
Epitomise, v.jar-=-\ ikhtasar.

Equator, *. LiJ
Epitomiser, a, j*az*s" mvkhtosir, Equatorial,
"fry* mujiz.
Epoch, epocha, iftju tarikh (plur.
f^j\j> tavtarlkh).
Equal (resembling, capable of com
parison), i^L** muid
See
att al istitoa.
mansub likhatt al ittiwa.

Equerry, >fi*.\j~\ amir akh&r.
Equestrian (belonging to horseman
ship), JII&- khayyUll; (mounted

on horseback), v_^^j rakib.
mutsawl ; (uniform),
Equilateral, JUXIfc/jS* mwttawl
mutdbik; (impartial), ^
al adiai, cLe11,_jLa^ mutasatcl
khdli al gharad ; (indifferent as to
al adla^.
choice), J~s* mukhayyar.

Equilibrate, JAC âddal.
Equal, . (of the same age, rank,
Equilibrium, equilibration, JJ.A*J
etc.), ^jiji karln. "Without an
equal, (Jliîb bild miml. Above
muâdalat, ijj\yt muwazanat.
the heads of his equals,

,\ 'On/iw) i f.afo' rus al akran.
Equinoctial or equinox, *. J^Jcx^

jlîlliJJJl i^tidalallllwalnahar.
Equal, . (make equal),

(to be or become equal,
tai&wa' . To equal or compensate
fully, jo kdfa',
To equal, equalize (make equal),
The equinoctial line,
khatt i^tid&l al til

teal nahar. The vernal equinox,
^tjj^jljcxlil al i^tidal arrall-.l. The autumnal equinox,
jLj^lJljc^ al i^tid&l at
Equality, JfljU^ musaw&t,
kharlfl.
taswiyat; (of the same dignity,
age, etc.), <L.s_jUx* mutubaJcat Equip, v.j09- haddar, j
sallah. To
To equip or arm,
muwufakat.
Equally, fjy^\^- âla' assawiyat
equip a fleet,
marakdb.
ERA
497
ESC
Equipage (train, retinue), <_>^j Erase, v. .fSf* mdha',

rikab, ,*,>-- hasham, _o tabai, Erased, ^s.
mumhi.
[indirus.
Equipage, . (carriage), tof. âraba. Erasement,
s* mahu, /.j^jji
Equipment, LL/Jlju tadaruk.
Ere, J-Ji
See Before, sooner.
Equipoise, equiponderance,
Ere long,
karlb.
i:i-'.'~i"'n!,<i. See Equilibrium.
Erect, v.
Equipollence, JI.V... r]\ j> kuwat Erect, *jlj
maniul,
al iitidal,
J kudrat
al mUiudalat.
[mutuif.
Equitable, JjLe. âdil,
Equitably, UÂ-it-j hi
k_/ .-i'j // satedb.
Equity, ill Jus todalat, J
_5'î' tna/.
Equivalence. See Equipollence.

Equivalent, J jit* mw^&dil, ,_y
muntasib.
Erection,
j nail, jj
Eremite, s. *f\-~> sayih.
See
Hermit.Eremetical. See SoliErmine, s. L-j\s3*~i sinjab, [tary.
Erode, v. See Corrode, etc.
Err, v. (make mistakes), LLc ghelet,
Jj sail, JJ doll.
[daye^.
Errant, erratic, JL_tf dull, j-J.l*

An Equivalent,
Erroneous, L^ ghalat.
[>ahwan,
To give an equivalent, Erroneously, t ^^ ghalatan, '_;
Error, lali ghalat, ^-> sahu, 1 ^-^
khata.
[before, till.
[mubham.
mughlak.
Erst. See First, once, formerly,
j bi wajhin
Equivocally,
Erudition, *Lc îlm, ;'J / //,./,
Equivocation, equivocalness,
Equivocal,
^*
Equivocate, <. c A~- /,-//, n/n-,.

Era, -c^jlj WriiA. See Epoch.
Eradicate, v. ^Jui iafo^, c jj
Eradicated, 6 ..:.* jzut,
mustAial,
Eradication, J\.r-."...il it1&l.
Eruption (hostile excursion), -^*j>~

khuraj, pj^P hiy'Um.
Erysipelas, JT hamu, XjZ- humraf.
See St. Anthony's fire.
Escape, j\j> firar, b\=f najat.
Escape, v. /^jj\ inhazam, ji farr.
To escape (or bo exempted),
salem.
ESS
498
E8T
Essentially, culJJl* bi&dt.

Eschew, v. See Avoid, fly, shun.
Escutcheon, 8. &*\c. ôlamat, ^liJ Essoine or essoign (legal excuse),
niskdn.
c*sl i^tisdr shar^f.
Escort, 8.jS. gkafar. See Convoy. Establish, v. (settle firmly),
To escort, loiU- hafaz.
makkan, j.s karrar, L ' ruuab,
Escritoire, *. <k^kxio bashtakhta.
ayyan. To establish peace,
Especial, êâ^~ khususl. See
akad assulh.
Principal, chief, special.
Established, îi mukarrar,
Especially, \*>ya- khususan,
mansui, jJbc^* munala' al
Espouse, . (wed), j)J-J' tazaiowaj. Establishment, jLs kiyum,
Espy, 0. (see at a distance),
-^rJyJ tartlb, tuLj
tajassas.
[^.^sX*! imtahan.
Essay, t>. (to make an experiment),
Essay, . Jcj- jad, <\#>- jahd, Ju^
Icasd; (experiment), J--^ -^
tajribat, ^Ljst*! imtihun; (of
metals), ^Lc ^Jyar ; (treatise),
5Ly rasalat.
Essence, CLJ\0 ssai, ^fi>^>- jawhar,
(form, model), ,jJ\_j kanun,

tank ; (foundation),
Estate (state, the public),
jamhur ; (condition of life),
hdl; (fortune, possession),
mal (plur. J!j_l amwaT).
A
hereditary estate, tljlj--* mlrua.
A landed estate, Ûc âkar (pi.
c^lj'iAc âMrai). Estate (rank,
fjMJu nafs; (of a composition),

Leis*. khulasat, iJi-Jj zubdat.
The essence of any business or
quality), & . 3^ martabat,
thing, ^tlH^^JLj w/* a? amr.
manzalat, As>-jiJ darajat,
Essence (perfume), Joc. âtr.
wz7/<.
The essence or attar of roses, Esteem, r. (prize, rate high), '_=
Oijlljlot to<r altvard. To essence,
VeâJar, *^ i-arru>>i,
.lac âi&w.
ihtaram.
Essential, (J\J a<z, ^j&^>- jawhtri, Esteem,jL5x.l i^tilar, i
ê\ aili; (necessary),
()/*- ^ ihtiram, *j^3
dvruri.
Estimable, esteemed,
ETE
499
i^tibdr,
sahib tnlri HI,
mu^tabar.
[hassab.
Estimate, v. (.^>~ khamman, y_
Estimate, estimation (computation),
EUC
Eternize, v. or eternalize, jJ! Mad.

Ether, IJ. hawS.,
Ethereal,
tamatoi,
Etymology, .uKJl J-cl aslalkalimat,
takhmin,
(value), <U.J
Aisab;
Ja\ ishtikdL Etymological,
Estimation
wfi.
(opinion), +CJ zarfn ; (regard, Evacuate, v. ^J_i farragh. To
honour), jLkel i^tibar.
evacuate (by a purgative),
Estimated, c_>ju* mahsub, J.
^jIs- 1^1 talat ila' al kharij ;
(by vomit), ?ytt~>l istafragh.
Estimator, . c-^.iW* muhdstb.
Evacuation, j-JyRJ tafrlgh, <LLir
Estrange, 0. (keep at a distance),
tdkhliyat. Evacuation (by vomit),
-X*j baâd.
\jiiz-,\ istifragJi.
[deceive.
Etc., et caetera, *^cj wagJiayraho,
(J^t^-ij wagJwyr zalik, .Ûlj Evade, v. See Elude, escape, avoid,
J,..^ infill. An
W iaif, Jl abbrev. of */>-l,Jl Evangelical,
evangelist, ^^jL^rl in/ill. The
*fe' akhrihi.
evangelists (gospel), (J..a
Eternal, t/Jo! aiarfz, JLJ^* MJcitab ul injll. Evangelism (the
vabbad, *j!j dayim, ^^t^t sarpublication of the gospel), JÛj
Madl, JU fail, *jl_S *dyw;
J-srDl lisMrat ul injll. [zd-ll.
(without beginning), Jjl. Life
eternal, LjaSli'Uiwl al hayat al Evanescent, evanid, ^JU fani,
abadiyat.
Evanish, v. (ij+- ghumi, t jL_c.
Eternally, ljul abadan, ^jj
ghab. See Vanish.
abidln, L*.'LV dayman.
Evaporate, v. Jwt*aj
Eternity,
abadiyat; (without Evaporation, j\se? lukhar, A
beginning), *Jj I maliyat; (with
out end), A.*! aid, <OJol abadiyat. Evasion (excuse),
iîitar;
To all eternity, Joil^l Ha'
(artifice), AJu*. hllat.
Prom all eternity,
mn Eucharist, . (joJJu)!t
al nsal.
kurlfin al mukaddas.
500
EVE
Euclid, (
. Euclid's Elements,
f"
Eve, even.
See Evening. Eve
EVI
Evergreen, Jlc -.
Everlasting,
oJarft,
)\
i- IJtiiliJ, *jl J (liii/itti, o
(proper name), \y>- hawtea.

Even (level),
^jUui* mutsawt,
mustawl ; (placid, even

tempered),
takin; (alike),
Mi'-.iidil, jutu* mush&lih.

Even,
abadan.
See Eternally.
Ever-living,
yamut.
Aay Za
^ o/.
Every,
c. Liil
dayman,
Everlastingly,
Every one, ,_)i
ioZ wdhid.
Evening,
(plur.
Every time,
j kol wakt.
In the
On every
evening, eventide,
part, in every part, \^r-^
M?aA< a/ masa.
bikoljdnib. Every hour,
Evenly (equally), JJA--..-f L.' it
kol sdât.
i^tidal, L'u*u, mustaiotyan.

Evenness, !j . ,M istiwa, ; (im
kol sanat.
Every man,
kol rajitl.
Every woman, i
partiality), ^LlljLC -.iiltili'.t, (__JLajl
Every year,
ioZ amraat.
He put every enemy
to the sword, *$l'jj! \J-Ji

al .i'lt'i. kollahum.
Event, *. (incident),
(plur. cylil-Rj! ittifaMt),

wakiât, iL)jU>- hadisat,
(consequence),
c jA(i asbat /iil .s/(f//-; .

Evidence
(testimony)
shahudat ; (apparency, manifesta
, <tsXiJ natljat.
tion), îlîjl izhar, ..jLj bayun,
Eventful, *^ muhim, C
io jii! min alittifakat al ffharlbat.

Eventual,
Evict (dispossess legally), >- -
J>Uj1
^Lfi âydfl, -Usul IrfaA; (a wit

ness), JJfcLi shahid.
To give
evidence, Jî sftehed.

Eventually, liUi'l ittifajtan, <^-^J
^'AI^ biwajh al ittifuk.
Ever, forever (atalltime8),,*li!!!.)l J
duyim al ayy&m,
d&yman.
Evidence, v. (give testimony),

shtlicd; (shew), da\ as/tar.
Evident,
sarlh,
z&hir,
tcadih,
mubayyan,
EXA
501
EXA
layih,j&\i bahir. An evident rea

son, proof or demonstration), iU..j
Exacted, â&< muktadl, i_

matlnb.
bayyinat (plur. d-'LIj bayyinat), Exacter, *. ^-jLj) Jtubid. The
exaeter of souls (the angel of
To make evident,^Sal azhar.
death), ^jySl ^01 U Icalidal arwah
Evidently, lybll? zahiran, Ip-Lii!
Exaction, <LJUi* mutdlabat, <_4J?
iddhan.
Evil, adj. ^&j radi, iXjlj fasid,
âtil,
mush
tayyib.
Evil, *. jJ* sharr. An evil (mis
fortune), L ia/d, <Lji|j dahiyat,
?; (a disease), ô
marad. The king's evil, ^>,i
yaraian.
; foifi/ (pi.
taMtif). Extraordinary or op
pressive exactions, (Ua'.riLilfc
takallf lunftyat,
takallf ûrfiyat.
Exactly,
Exactness, aLsr* sahhat.
Evince, v. tz.j! <wia. See Prove, Exaggerate, t'. *lic âzzam, j_!lj
balagk.
show.
[praise.
Eulogy, _-X* madh. See Encomium, Exaggeration,
Eunuch, :f^>- khasi (plur. ^L.aS Exalt, v. Jic âzzam, .îr fakhkham,
khwyiin, <-ills tawaaM.
Jj rafa^.
mar/a^, âj^
Evolve, v. tj_i fak.
\_fayun. Exalted,
murtafi^,
OTiwAarra/1.
Kupliorbium (a gum), ^j+Sji farExalted in dignity,
Euphrates, iUiJl alfarah.
TT
European, ^=f^\ afranji. [aswad.

makam, jll
âfi ashshan.
Euxine (sea),
bahr al
Exaltation,
irtifa^, <iw.
Ewe, s. iC^.r ghanamat.
rafiat, iljtx-jl i\tij<~i.
Ewer, . (JJ,j>\ ibrlk.
Exact (just, true, accurate),
gtihih, \ij~tL* madbut.
Exact, ( . t_ *^ tiilnli, j* ul
imtihSn,
To exact a debt,
iiUkhb&r.
fahat,
Examine, v.
EXC
iitakhlar.
502
EXC
To examine by in
katlr
ingly noxious,
[ghayraho.
addarar.
terrogation, war....)! istafham.
xLj fak c.fl/'
Examined, ^>^sf^* mafhus, jji^JL* ExceU, v.
mufattash, (j-A-s* muhakkak, Excellence, excellency,
tlLî.' fafalat (pi. Jj
<-_^rs/* mujarrab.
Examiner, t. examinator,
mufattith, êe>-\ fahis,
mutafahhis.
Example, . ,_]* masal (plur.
amsilat), iir"*' naskhat (plur.
nuakh), *jy*> s&rat, ê\
Jl<^ kama.1. His Excellency the

Pasha, LiLJU'oUj eaâdat al
Pashu.
Excellent,
munlf.
Excellently,
Kkol
iLj-^J 1 J
likamal al martabat.
(applied to punishment),
"Words excellently arranged, /ll
îbrattan; (a person proposed as a
kalam bdhir alintizdm.
model), if.jJ kadwat. To be
istasna1.
punished as an example, jjÛj Except, v.
~c. takatat îbratan HI Except, excepting,
ghayr, IAC âda,
ma
, not. For example, ix masalan .
hCisha.
Exasperate, v. SaUl agh&t,
(iffhdab.
Exasperation,
Excepted,
>J> tahtctsh.
t.r,7;.
Excavate, v. (to make hollow), Exception,

istitnd. Without
>'jp~ jauncaf, .&- hafar.
bildis
exception,
Excayation, jla.'.'vl ihtifar, ,i>- Exceptionable, I
in it,nl; in al ittisna.
hafar, t_aj ^sr taj'teif.
Exceed, v. (go beyond bounds), Excess (superfluity), 4<jl>J siyddat,
<LtJL/ mubdlaghat, ]oj farat,
j^=f tty'aicat, . keber,
\>\ji\ ifrat, ij kasrat; (intem
perance), J1' jcj:.'' *J^ ladam al
Exceeding, part. Lî* i/r'. An
it tidal ; (violence of passion),
exceeding, JjWv
Exceeding, exceedingly, a<fo.
^ .
katiran, \J*s*- jiddan. Exceed- Excessive, \.\s.\ mutajawit,
EXC
mvfrit.
503
mujdioiz alhadd,
Excessive love,
<Usr*M ifrdt al muhabbat.

Excessively, .Xs-ljy/awi alhadd
XjUI i jjî fawk al tudat.
EXC
Excluded, f)jS^* mahrum.

Exclusion, j_i^ waj.. [mukJuwtas.
Exclusive, exclusively, ^"-^ *-*
Excommunicate, v. *j*~ haram.
Excommunication, /â. harm. See

Anathema.
Exchange, v. Jju badal,
utabdal.
Excoriate, Û kashshar.
Exchange, <JLJjL* mubddalat,
Excoriation, ^-AJLJ' takshlr, ir^
il, Jj ,xo tabdil,
aÂ, i talakh.
[munkaihir.
Exchange or difference of money, Excoriated, -^Ln- masliikh, ^.M.-t
jijj fork. An exchange (where Excrement (dung), j^ --..<- khara,
merchants meet), jjjb idzar.
^ksr nfl/'a.
bill or letter of exchange,
taftajat, il\f*- hawalat,
polisza.
Exchanged, Jj*V mabdul.
Exchanger, *. JjL, muMdil; (a
money changer), ^j\j* tarrdf.
Exchequer, s. clU.!L^>. khaznat
almalek.
Excise, ~>j f,ix,,i, c-cJ^J tdklif.
Excrescence, . *,j waram.

Excruciate, . t_jj^c âzzoi.
Exculpate, v. ^J-e tafa' ân,
sutnah.
Excursion (for pleasure), ^j
datwa. A hostile excursion, iili
Âara (plur. cy^l_ gMraf).

To make a hostile excursion,
^^LciÛ J^ ôwaJ ghara âla'.
Excite, v. t-^J=>~ harrak, ^.Jt> hayyaj,
Excusable,
i^j^- farrad. To excite a tu
mult or disturbance,
! Jewell muttawjib al t^tisdr.
ratrut' atjifnat.
Excitement, j_/a_jj__acr tahrid, Excuse, .jic ^wzr.j! joe! i^tnar,
SjAx^ mdiiarat. A frivolous or
Ljj3^ tahrlk.
Exclaim, . ^> sah, i_iui hataf.
weak excuse, JLo ta-,alM. By
Exclaimer, *. *_;L- t&yeh, i_a_jLjS)
way of excuse, Jlid^ JLi bi
Ad<i/j ^jto sdrikh.
tank al taâllul. "Worthy of ex
Exclude, r.
*. Ara >*',
cuse, J.AJL. mu^zar. [safah ân.
Excuse, v.
EXE
EXE
504
Kvusi'il, i._V:. Mi/.j.iir.
Exemplification.
See Copy, tran
script, illustration.
mu^tazir ; (a pardoner of Exemplify, v. (illustrate by ex
ample), ji* masial,
offences), ^*L^ mutumih.
dardb amsal,
aterad
Execrable, i. _C makruh, ij
amsal.
Execrate, v. ^yJ laân.
[la^nat.
Exempt,
v. ^_j&-\ a^fa'.
Execration, i' _(';'. istikrah, <L*J
Execute, ?. (perform), *4j tammam. Exempt, exempted,
Excuser, . (maker of apologies),
To execute a criminal, ,Jxi
muâf min, ^Sj^^t munaxsMh

ittn.
Execution (performance), ulf Carnal,

yra. To put in execution,
To be exempted from public
burdens,
min attakalif al
ajra'. To put the laws
into execution, J^Jl^sj-l ijra al
Exemption, JF\J\JC* mu-âfat.
hak. The execution of a criminal,
Exequies. See Obsequies, funeral
L_^J 3-J ! wvi- / // a/ HI it- /t il>.
rites.
Executioner, . <Sk>- jalldd.
Exercise, jUs.t~J isti^mdl,
Executive, ^_L_f âmall. The
ihughl, <LL) i riyadat, <L
executive power, <LJls>-^jLiL*
mumdrasat, ><l<j ta^lim ; (work,
m aaJ\nl al alib<~na.
labour, exertion), J^ Carnal, tjtê
Executor, JÛ âmt7. The executor
laniat, ^t~t sail; (recreation),
of commands, ^LJlo-^lA-L.^-^
_jjjj tafarruj. Literary exercise,
mwnaffid al alikum. The executor
+~*5 It/ Jim, IJHJ<} dart. A
of a last will, A-j^jJI^^lc J^j
place for gymnastic exercises,
wM t_7a' ? wasiyat.
^JL^* iiiidiiii (plur. ^jL.^*
Exemplar, *. J^l ?, JLsr"*' ,!<r<l,li,ii .
mayadln).
* ..
Exemplarily, *^- îbratan, fte*- Exercise, v. <ÂJC~I\ uta^nud. To
j^,,*j li wajhin yu^tabar.
exercise authority, tS^>~ halam,
L'..>M"^ tasallat. To exercise in
Exemplariness. See Piety, probity.
military art or mano3uvres, J^
Exemplary, s^c. îbratan, u.-oj-^
-/r-- > Mi>jib al
. To exercise
& H
505
EXI
one's-self in anything,
maras. To exercise or take exer
cise (on foot), tfiS*AJ famathsha'.
Exert, . (endeavour),
jad tcajtahad,
Exertion, ^yt-i M&I, J>-p- jahd,
&>-jadd, Ol.f^ ijtihad.
Exhalation, exhalement, y>=-T
bakhdr. The exhalation from
waterbogs, etc., UUjlss^ lakhur
at ma.
[minnaho lukhar.
Exhale, v. j\ "*z~!&x**-lig /<</Yi
Exhaust, ;. iJ^ mraf, _viJ' 1 anfad.
EXO
exigency of the occasion, time
and place, i
^L^jllj ^v/rA; al M<'/in// teal
furtat wazxamdn. On account
of the exigency of the affair,
hasab id iktida,
Exile,
j likadar id ihtiyaj.
iu nafi.
Exile, t.
manfa'.
Exile, v. .Ju nafa',
Exiled, i^ manfi.
farad.
wujud.
Existence,
mawjud,
Existent, existing,
Exhausted, 15^^*- AAafi ; (poor,
(jjl^ kayin. Not existing,
penniless), (_/lL muflis, ,jJ
Jjj>-^ ghayr mawjud. SelfIcaddam.
existing, or necessarily-existing
Exhibit, t'.^ls! azAar,
(one of the attributes of Omnipo
Exhibition,
tence), 0.^-jMi.^sj-lj ii-ii/'/'/' al

wujud.
takdlm,
Exhilarate, v.
Exit. See Departure, recess.
ibtahey,
antar. Exhilaration, _j fa-rah, Exodus, )jS>\ja~i fifr al khuruj.
*_i
Exonerate, v. ^J-^k-l^j^J vassal al

Exhort, v. <Ui nabbah, l
waâz,
huml.
^^ naidh.
Exorbitance, exorbitancy, rjj^\
Exhortation, isUaj tiaslfutt,
Jtk.!^ ill khuruj inn al hadd.
nosh, <t..i-.
]ac.
Exorbitant (enormous in size),
matcâsat (plur. '-
<fjv>- kh&rij -.nil al hadd.
).
Exigence, exigency, ^y-e darurat,
it nawitn kharj ian al had.

_Li*-! ihtiyaj, Exorcise, v. ^jLc^jc iazzam ^
^ Ad. The Exerciser, exorcist, s. >*uii
EXP
506
Mitataksim. Exorcism, *_jJ__*J'

tagim.
Exordium,
dibajat,
mukaddamat.
Exotic,
ajnall,
Expand, v. (open, spread), JL< inad,
j basat, lA^s farash.
Expanded, \}y*~* ntabtut,
EXP
dururat, iiL^J laydkat, .jj

teujub, (t...,.il^
munasabat.
Expedient, ^î toyt'i, ,ji latim,
It is not expedient, J^^-i
layik. An expedienty-J Jo tadlir,
It ^7o/, ^)U- eAara. To be
>-j wa;Vi.
expedient, jj
Expanse, expansion, k*j iod^
imtidad. The expanse or space Expediently, L-iL_ijJ laykan, \*s^\j
wdjilan, {,t\1 laziman.
between heaven and earth, f>-jaw.
Expedite,
r. J-sr tay'a/,
Expansibility, L^Jl^lC*! imkanal
(to despatch), (Jlast.
[last.
Expansible, ii~uJ 1 ^X-*-* mumkin id Expedition (haste),
/a^, J_._s*:'
Expansive, JZAJ yumtad.
isticjal; (a journey),
Expatiate, -yL_51J^L tawwal al
i-j safar. A warlike expedition,
shark. To expatiate upon,
i-i safar; (against infidels), jU=jjihad.
A general expedition of the
Expect, v. Jazj\ intazar,
nobles, Alcî} naflr ân. To go
tarakJtab, j-J^J tawakka^,
tarassad.
Expectant, expecter,^Siix* muntaair,
^j--^t mufrassid,
mutarakkib.
Expectation, expectancy,
intizar, Jw^j tarassiul. Without
on an expedition, ^j
âsaw taZa' assafar.
Expeditious (expedite),
Expeditiously, expeditely,
*M ittiÔl,
j.aZa' a^ âjalat.
[akhrty.
rod,
expectation,
JJ bidun Expel, p. ^jJ
Expend, v. -rj^- khary, i^jj^â
intizar.
Expected,^la5x< muntazar.
saraf, Jja bazal, (JJJ\ anfak.
Expedience, expediency, i
To expend to the utmost of one's
EXP
507
EXP
abilities, JJi^s-J JJ latal jahdaho.
yMJ yughfar, ,.$&&}_ yufda'.

To expend profusely, t c \~> talaf, Expiate, v. .cV..il istaghfar.
jj~>\ asruf.
Expiation, <U J dayyat, Xj\s kafarat.
Expended, i_Jiâ* maxruf.
Expiatory, ^CjUjtîl istighfdrl.
Expense, -rj^- kharj, cJ^ surf, Expiration (conclusion of any
(price), A^
limited time), i'.Xej!!,U3 tamum
Expensive (extravagant),
al wa^dat, \$J \ intiha ; (the last
murif,j** mubzir.
breath), J^-^l alajl; (respira
Expensively, *, ' ~Jfr ' bikol talf.
tion), (_>JuJ tanaffus.
Expire (breathe the last), -j^llJuj
Expensiveness (costliness),
kharj; (extravagance), tal." talf.
sallam arrawh ; (to breathe out),
Experience, &>ff tajribat, ^
^vjLi' tanaffas; (to conclude, to
imtihan, ,s _~- khibrat.
be ended),
inkada'.
Explain, v.
assar, _i sharah,
imtahan.
Explained, jîu* mashruh,
Experienced (skilful by practice),
mufassar. In the manner ex
plained, __jîd\ J!^_i_Îlj HI
wukuf,j~i>- khabir.
manwal al mashruh. It cannot
Experiment, s. ^LstL*! imtihan,
be explained,
iijfi>- khibrat, <Ji-ac" tajribat.
^rAayr mwnkin al
To make an experiment, l.j^^\
layufafassar. Clearly explained,
imtahan.
L-3& tafsilan,
Experimental (belonging to experi
tfl/a' attafsll.
ment), (JL*LI imtihO.ni.
Explanation, Û- bayan,
Experimentally, *;. -^J^.) bikol
shark (plur.
khibrat, .^J*A*l\te^-y bi wajh al
tafslr, jn?*3
Explanation
imtihan.
of dreams,
acir
Expert,j~>- khabir, j2t\*t mahir.
ruya, CJ L IxJ lûtL-i <a/fr dZ
Expertly, Zj?~J&j bikol khibrat.
muniimni.
Expertness,
i^,L_!ai
tasarmf.
shatarat, Explanatory, explicative, .c j.-._"

tafslrl,
EXP
508
Expletive, v. (superfluous word),

-V'^ ; *AS ];nlfim zayid.
EXP
in the service of God, j>~/
I'^'^.JLS:- kaddam haydtahi li
Explicable, explainable,
khidmal allah. To expose to

infamy (to revile), ^^ fadah.
mumkin attafslr,
Exposed, ^j JK mair&d, j^
/:di7 ashsharh.
mashruh. Exposed to the sun,
Explication. See Explanation.
\ju*JLz* mutashammas.
Explicit, jtoô zdhir, ff.j* tarih,
Exposition (explanation), <Ljl_xf*\j wadih.
Explicitly, \jtn\b zdhiran, lacô

sarlhan, J..n'.ib J7 <a/sl.
Exploit, . (Jpk.ljijinJl assatwat
bil /in t'li.
v*
Explore, v. (jo.<..-c" tajcusas.

Explored. See Examined. Explorement, exploration.
See
Search, trial. An explorer,
hikayat, ^,1-J bayan,j~xj ta-^blr,

gharh,
Idah,
takrir, <J*jZ *
harih,
Expositor, g. mufasiir.
\_ishtaka'.
Expostulate, ^CiJ tathakka',
da^wa,
Expostulation,
cljj
. ^ ;L. muna-
ikhtH&f, ilCi
explorator. See Examiner.
Explosion, v. ,*L>L^' tasadum.
thaktea.
shikayat,
Export, v.
Expostulator, .
, >Maki,
-j^- ,Lir ' nakalamwal ila' al lilad
cj
al kharjiyat.
Exposure (disclosure), j
Exportation, jLJIJ! J^^^.^1
lijl t/*Aa.
[interpret.
v
L-*-~y~l\ ikhraj al amwal Ha! Expound, jtui fassar. See Explain,
al bildd al ajnabiyat.
Express, v. (by language, etc.),
Expose (lay open), ^c\ aihar, (jo^c.
Lu! lafaz, ~ j>
îj rakam, (_fij wosa/; (to
To expose to the sun,
squeeze), -" tflzr.
shammai. To expose to
arad lil Express (clear, plain), ys'Ji idAtr,
danger,
.^J> mufiayyiii ; (for a particular
khatar. To expose one's-self to
danger, * - <^ *- khatar
purpose), ^.JuflAJ bikasdin.
binafsiho. To expose one's life Express, . (messenger), .j^L.- dcf .
EXQ
509
EXT
Expressed (pronounced), ty_L-t Exquisiteness, JL>\aJ nafdsat,

malfuz.
latafat.
Expressible (that may be uttered), Extant (remaining, not annihilated),
laib ytdfat; (that may be squeezed
(jb lakl. Projecting,jjb ls,rn.
Extempore, extemporal, extempoExpression (by language, etc,),
rally, extemporaneous, extempo
talaffuz, lasJ lafa, 1&&1 lafzat;
rary, ,__yjJ Jo ladlhl. An extem
(squeezing), j~o*j ta^slr. The
pore speech, *\ iktirah.
expression and signification, laiJ Extend, v. Jji tawwal, >x mad,
^ji*^ lafi wa magta'.
4(Ma<. To extend the limits
Expressive, iasJ lafm; (descrip
or territory, jlLJ'^jj wasta-^
albilud.
tive), ^Jâj waifI.
Expressively, UaiJ lafzan.
Extended, extensive, Jj &g mamdud,
.
Expressiveness, *KJUjj kuwat al
mumtad, kuwt mubasgat,
kaldm, <^Le^\s^> kuwat al waif,

ujLajl ititaf.
Extender, s. JjL
Expressly, (=â sarljian.
Extendible, extensible, JOAJ yumtad.
Expulsion, ^j&-\ ikhrdj, ^3 tard, Extensibility, extensibleness, i^Ji
J, rod, ^jj daf^j!jc^31 kuwat al imtidad.
Expulsive, Jb Aafi^. The ex Extension, extensiveness, extent,
pulsive power, ^jjJl^JJ kuwat
imtidad.
addaf^.
Expunge, o. ulXs>- hak, ^s^* mafia,'. Extenuate, v. (attenuate, make thin,
Exquisite, i__LU Intlf, u^Ji, nafis,
lean, or small),
JU- khaffaf,
j-j Jj hiiti'i-,.. Of exquisite beauty,
c_jLar nahhaf,
rakkak ; (to
JUÎjjjj ladl^ <tjj<md.l. The
palliate),j^s. âswr
[frtf.
most exquisite part of anything, Extenuated,
sr nahlf,
<-sX- klwldtat, SJ\AJ' nakawat. Extenuation,
rikkat,
Exquisite things, ^Ûj nafayes.
(palliation),
Exquisitely,
i taâttul.
Exterior, a>U? aah.tr,
23
EXT
510
EXT
The exterior part,

Uisurat atzahirat.
To
extol one's-self, *jlj.<X madah

sdtaho. To extol one another,
istasal,
Exterminate, v.
^.kJ kir/iti, Jj
j tamadahu.
Extermination, J
utisal, Extolled, _iA._
mawsuf, L^sr^ mahmud,
mashkur.
Exterminator, .
mustasil.
External. See Exterior, outward. Extoller, . -.JU madih, J
maddah, >i-"1^ wi*//'
Externally, 'o,^ mi. ruttut,
Extort,
.-. ilj ;',,. To extort
tahiran.
Extinct, ,*AAX. 1,1 aHI.dim,
i/i ii ff/, (_^'"t HI a a I <:ft, ii~.
by torture,
rama' taJit al âzdJ.
iin'iihutiL.
\ '(!''' Extorted,
Extinction, extinguishment, LLtl Extortion, *lii zJnt. Oppressive
extortions, f.c-.rt
takohf
Extinguish, ^jit <o/b'. To extin
ûnfiyat.
guish (annihilate), ^j*" maha',
Extortioner, extorter, *. JUi zdtim,
A Ac iiiiliini, t-Lu- //,'..
.._; -I'/P/H, _^.l' /"?///./.
Extinguishable, ^clr.j yuntafl.
Extract,
/. _j_aCUi! istakhraj ;
Extinguished, ,<iM mutfl, ,J
muntafl, * cv- :,/i,,;/,/.., /
(select), c_-~=cul inâ/:Aai,jli^^
ikhtar.
[mvkhtouar.
mitnâdim, <A.r ma^dum.
Extract, v. â?srj ttUkhii, foas^
Extinguisher, ^-t mutfl,
Extracted, _ -=W*
Extirpate', ;\ -;-; /!-'/./,,
"
fciitOtal.
Extirpated,
mustdsal, Extraction (lineage), _- ' on/, w._
_.....i ,-..,.".,.'.'1,
cLL a
\
Extirpating, gJU kali,

Extractor, *. (_^s~* mtUalcJiiihit.
Extirpation, J\.rn.-.,,J istltal, *_!_ Extraj udicial, ^*.\
Extirpator, .s.
khUaf tartil aththariât.
Extol, v. -V-r hamad,
madah. Extramundane,
To extol immoderately, !'_ Extraneous,
EXTJ
511
EYE
Extraordinary, jj\j nadir,
bahjat,
yjC kharij tan al

*c ghayr
tation,
"With exul
iUihaj.
Exulting, adj. j^
^^* multahij.
w-^-jyT ffharlb.
Extraordinarily,
extraordinary, Exultingly,
j-^s^cyj linaw-în âjlb.
Extraordinariness, i^jLj nadirat,
masrHr,
iltih&j,
bikol
Li\ji karamat.
Extravagance, extravagantness (su
(or sight), ^01 basar. A wink,

glance, or signal with the eye, i|î
perfluous expense), <^j\jj\ isrdf.

Extravagant (in expense), j'&~*
ghamzat. In the twinkling of an

ejef^jûjjia^fl tarfatalâyin.
mubzir, i^jjyu_* musrif; (ir

regular), Jrj^lAJIuJli. khilaf
al l&îdat. Extravagantly (ex
pensively), t-aljj^j HM talaf.
Extreme (last), j~^\ akhir, .fO\
As far as the eye can reach, ,JJ

j^Jl.X* jtarfar marf aZ iasar. To
aba' ; (greatest), Ja^ a-.zam,

j\ akbar ; (highest), \^\ aja'.
Extreme, extremity, <Lls ghdyat,
*- hadd.
[ghayat.
Extremely, &A gh&yat, <L;Uj bi
look attentively or amorously

through half-shut eyes,
^, .!! ?aâz litaraf al
Squint-eyed, J^-l ahwal (fern.
2^- hawla. One-eyed, itcl aêrar
(fern. \ji& âtcrd). An eye for an
eye (retaliation), ^^c Jju^^j-c
flym ladal âyin. The corner of
the eye, {.j^\^jjo tarafal âyin.
The star called the Bull's eye or
Aldabaran, 'u^jjj' addabar&n.
Extricate, v. J_liuJ! J*. hal al

mothial.
Extrinsic,
sahin. Extrinsically, \
iiiratim,
Eye, v. jlk tallat.
tdhiran.
Eye-ball or pupil, i. (.pjA\j>jj babbtt
Exuberance, l kasrat.
al ain, ^ \AsJo-. hadakat al
Kxuberant,
mustaghm,
âyn, ^jt
fo fayed,
kasir.
Eye -brow, c--*=>-L- hajib. The
hair of the eye-brow, <-_- Jui hudb.
c. Jj tahallal.
ExnlUtion, ^.Ifu! ibtitoj,
Eyeless,
\ a^ma'. See Blind.
-
512
FAC
FAC
face or page of a book,
Eye-lid, s. ^>- jaf (?!"
ajfan).
Face, . (meet face to face),
Eye-sight, ^^^ nasrat
kilM; (to oppose with boldness),
Eye-witness, *. JJt>Ll> th&hid (plur.
arad.
-i shuhiid}.
mmaunoir.
Face-painter, .
Facetious, i_J
latlf al mashrab, t*ij^ zari/.
F.
Fable, *. <Uu kissak, >&- hikayat,
. Fables, Jli^l
Facetiously, tA.. ^^.^^-H **

foft/.
Facetiousness,
Fable, . ^
Zafe2/0t.
A&ay<M.
Facilitate, . J-; ' sahhal. To
Fabled (celebrated in fable), ^s'*
facilitate the means, ^-^ y<wr,
cu\_j \_>- -ÂT- muhka' ânnaho
. r> hayyon, î^r'^^ hayyatt
hakayat, tîyeyt tnawtVf. [watt.
al icasayit.
Fabler, fabulist, a.
Facilitated, j^-^ muyassar.
Fabricate,.(construct)y-^ Dammar. Facility, il *g-j siikulat ; (ductility),
_*^J iay*7r.
Fabrication (constructing), j?
J"
ta^mir, ij\f
Fabric, . bj Jm<S,
Fabulous, ^j wahml.
Facility in dis-
"
posing of merchandize,
rawaj.
With facility.
[hikayat.
Fabulously, cyU^-^J^ misl a
Facing, Jj^8-< mukabfl.

Fact, . (deed), J*i^L?, J* tamal'
Face, s. &>-j wajh,JaJ nazar. The

anij.; (reality),
face of the earth, (jo/N&rj wtyh
hakikat. In fact,
al ard.
To change the face
(change countenance), ^jjJ'
To turn the face, Faction (confederacy),
r vajhaho. Having
(machination), ii->the face ofan angel.c
fa&d;
(tumult), iî fitnat.
wmZai. Face to face
i^
(opposite), Jj& mukdlil.
The Factious, ^cj fatten.
FAI
513
Factiously, j*J bi makrin.

Factitious, t/Jul taklldl,
.;.-;, t-'z.t musannai.
Factor (agent), J-j wakll,
Factory, . <L!lj wakalat.
Factotum, . j'~*-f. mihmaz.
FAI
sahu,
- khata, jâH kutur,
takslr.
Fain (wishful), ^jcJS** muihtak,
pelled), j^sr* majlnr.
Faint (feeble), tC;^ <l<'-~\t'.
Faint, v. (become feeble), >.a,**ei
Faculty (ability), îi-J

j\MJ\ iktidar, sji kuwat,
deêf; (to swoon), \JS*. gheshl.
takat; (powers of the mind,
Fainting,
. A,.,*u.i- ghtwhyat.
capacity), i J / <.; "v/, *L~ <glm,
J&s. cakl, t^\j4\ idrak, L>\ji Faintness, faintishness, ^s'
ur.
fardsat, w3 /A. The visible
faculty, ^'J.' ::^/ 'tcatalldiirat. Faintly, Jjs^J^j bikol
Fade, p. (grow weak), i_8*,^ (fo^*/1; Fair (handsome),

Aw,,J..^>-yz?; (clear),
(to wither as a vegetable), JjJ
deM.
shaffaf; (honest, just),
Faded, ^J .-'./ /,/,:,;. i_a,.x>o
(mild, not severe),
Fagot, . .. L^ huzmat.
*_)L muldyim; (commodious),
Fail, p. (become deficient),
t_^>-jl^ munasibffji^fi mutodfik;
tuket; (to become extinct), /
(civil), t_JjlL_^-Lo saAz'i adab.
mâdam, ÔAJ\ ink
Fair demeanor, <LjUu3l ituaniyat,
intafa'. It did not fail to be,
_'-... .,-(f7 anfak.
Fair, . (stated meeting of buyers
Fail, failure (want of success), * J^c
-IsoJl cm/inn al no/ah ; (defi
and sellers), *Jj- mawtam, j\j\j

batar.
Fairly (beautifully), uL^-^Xs-y
ciency), J^-M Aa
U wajhinjamll ; (comraodiously),
nuttun; (omission),
tahamul , (extinction), UL-! ///. , (LjLJl^JSLj bikol muwafakat;
(without a blot), L-^^-^^-t
Without fail, jyaij.^^ min
yhayr kusur.
>nt ghayr âyb ; (completely),
Failing,*, (imperfection, deficiency),
l,l*o tamaman.
FAL
FAL
Fairness, ^\*s*- jamal, cp-o~ httm ; Falconer, *. ^^Jbî^jj^t murabbl

shatcahin.
(honesty), _L saluh,
Fall, v. ks_j sakat, jj waka-^. To
fall away (grow lean),k_i)t9 deêf;
Fairy, . <Uijf jinniyat. A fairy
(to revolt), ,< t**5 ; (to aposta
supposed to give or cure diseases
tize), Jo^ artad; (to perish),
in the throat, ,*._i_l.^. *' wwm
cLLi> helek. To fall down (in
halkum.
adoration), J^s-' sajad; (to slip
Faith (in religion), ^J rf?, <^+J\
imam ; (trust), jlihil i^tikad,
or tumble down), jjj talak.
To fall in (coincide), <jhij1 ittafak,
jLxcl i^tibar, jt*xcl i^timud;
(fidelity), <&-- hakikat, <uliJ
iitikamat, Uj ica/a ; (promise),
-\^ . ,r,': (/.
Faithful (orthodox), (j-^j-* mumin ;

(honest, true, loyal), ^jU> arf*A,
Avxr-i muifamad, ..*' amln.
The faithful professors of the
Muhammadan religion, ^^Lu^Jl
n^ muslimln.
Faithfully (honestly, truly, loyally),
tLjljjJ^j bikol dayyanat, ijb-i
<Lt\K~i\ bikol ietik&mat.
^lilj xl/aA ; (to comply with),

ôj radl. To fall off (separate,
be broken), _kftj\ inkata^. To
fall on (to begin eagerly to do
anything), \Mi\ ibtada ; (to
assault), *^ hajam ; (to happen,
befal), jJu-e sadar; (attempt),
ji~i se^l, Xa< kasad. To fall or
drop, LjLi sakat, *-:* waka^. To
fall (yean or bring forth young),
CL-'A!. wuldat. To fall from a
high to a low station,
inutzal. To fall in love,

Faithfulness, iU\ amanat.
êshek. To fall into an error (in
Faithless (unhelieving), ^JiJt*
writing or speaking), LLc yhelet.
malaho dayn, jjUjlib bild iman,
j& kafir.
[iman. Fall, *. is^L- sukat ; (ruin), *~|/>khardb, cJl& /(/"/: (diminu
Faithlessness, ÛjlUjo; âdam al
Falchion, . L_C...- sayf. Set- Sword.
Falcon, *. j\> baz. A large royal
falcon, ^.j-Jil-i shahln (plur.
. ^s'.-i. thatcahln.
tion), (^ôA-i nai* ; (declivity),

..ir-. had&r; (a cascade), J-
Falling,
FAL
sakit. The falling sickness,
ttiLJi marad assakit.
515
FAM
Fame, ijt>
%ikr jamll;
Fallacious, j$j* muzawwir.

(report),^*- khalar.
Fallaciously, <S-L^>- J likol hllat. Famed, ,_A. mashhur.
Fallaciousness (fallacy), <LL- hllat. Familiar (domestic),
baytfttl ; (intimate),
Fallibility, LUJlÛU! imkan al
ghalat.
mutaalif; (affable),
FaUible, LLi! \o-osT taht al ghalat,
;
(accustomed),
*rr^LWIjjlS lealil al ghalat.
mu^tdd.
False (not true), c_>jl_ katib, Familiar, s. (acquaintance), k-â-Le
jlj* muzauncar. False testimony,
*dAi'i. To render familiar, L^s-L*
jjjijlii shahadat zur. A false
sahab. To be familiar or inti
report, t_JjlJjii ai<z/ idzi'J. A
mate, i_ô-Laj (t'sii/iuh.
false reporter, <__>0\jilj nakil Familiarity (intimacy), <LiJ! it/fa I,
Jtazib. A false syllogism, \ju\J
ns, &f*-*a** musdhalat,
<-_.' jl^ itya kuzib.
muteanasat, ift>\x*i muFalsehood, falseness, falsity, ,*JLC
âsharat.
ABôL t cadam al haklkat, c_>ji^ Familiarise, v. (render easy),
TcKb,j)^y> tazwir, Jjlij nafak.
Falsely,
A'fefir, J^^j^^ Familiarised,
muallaf.
mtn rfSn
. To accuse falsely, Familiarly (unceremoniously), *
bihur.
-niinn attakllf.
^. .
Falsification,
j taitlld, J.ij Family, s. (those who live under
'//ntxft, ûJj talbls,
the same roof), L^^Jl Jj&l ahl
tazwir. See
albayt, JLc %iyul; (those who
Counterfeit, confutation.
descend from one common an
Falsified, jjj-* OTzatwor.
cestor), J.^1 iml, t_,ni.t nasal,
Falsifier, *-j)j* muxiawwir, ,*? j
J nad.
Famine, ks1* kaht, c js~ jft^. Fa
mine and pestilence, ^jt^bj ksj
Falsify, . jîui yhash, j^j zatowar,
Falter, D. See Hesitate, stammer.
kitht
FAN
516
Famish, v. (kill with hunger),

fjfc- jaunoa^; (to die of hunger),
e js
mat min
Famishment,
tajtol^.
[ma^ruf.
Famous,
mash-hur, <*jj*"
Famously,
li nawîn
iiioZ thuhrat.
mashhur,
Fan, *.
marwahat (pi. _ .y
maratoih).
[marwahat.
Fan, .
ilji^jL5> hawtca' bil
Fanciful (imaginative), J_.__acu
mutakhayyil, jj-* "-T mutasawtcir,
.JUet- khiya.ll.
FAR
Fane, . A.JC ma^lad. See Temple.

Fanfaron. See Bully. Fanfaro
nade. See Bluster.
Fantasm, . JLi- khayal.
See
Phantom.
\jnutakhkhayyil.
Fantastical, fantastic, (J.. jci4
Fantastically, ^^JSj^dp-^ it vxijhin
wahml.
[fulness.
FantasticalneBS. See Caprice, fanciFantasy. See Fancy, idea, imagina
tion.
Far, J>-*j fia-jtl. To remove far
off, Jk*j iaârf. To be far off,
laâd. Not far off, Jux^-vi
a^ld. From afar, Jux) ^j^
min ba^ld. Far more, Ulc
ghaliban.
[comical.
Farce, farcical.
See Comedy,
Fare, v. (feed), *>b taâm.
Faro (food), CJy kut, J^ aU.
Scanty fare (just enough to pre
serve life), ci-vj;!wi-vi Jtil< &2
Fancifully,
it
khiyall,
li wajhin
wahmi.
Fancifulness,
tadblr,
,/Jir w r<Zy mtn
JL>- *%<iZ.
Fancy (imagination), JLj>- khayal,
talthayyul, +&j wahm,
yamut. A fare (for crossing a
j tawahhum, ,iû taiawww ;
river, etc.), j^.**M_lj Jo; Z ^wiur.
(conception, opinion, thought),
za ; (caprice), Farewell, i^Jja U- khatrak. To bid
farewell, v5j tcadda^; (leave to
khatir, JJic ^fli/; (in
depart), <f\^jwada^, j-J^clination, liking), J.t oyZ.
Farm,
. te-jjt mazraât.
The power of fancy, JLsMiji
kuwatal khayal. Fancies, i.';?H_.,-if Farm, v. (let a farm),
takhayyalat, i^j1\^>- khayalat.
(to take or hire a farm), jjj-b-jl
Fancy, v. (imagine), *-i>o tawahham,
Major ; (to cultivate the ground),
'
"\
^ *ann,ja3 tatawwar.
* falah, ^LJ.y- haras.
FAS
517
FAT
custom), (OJ^JIL t&la^ zayyaho,

Farmer, *. (one who rents lands,
jrjUll^^ly* muwdfik al âdat.
efaOj^-'liMv* muita/ir; (husband
To become fashionable, ^^>\ij\^>
man), _ii fall&h. A farmer of
stir kanHn.
[Elegance.
tolls, etc.), j)-< multazim.
Farness, Juu ba^d. See Distance. Fashionableness, Lj\Jio tarafat. See
Farrier, s. (a horse doctor), jUa-J Fashionably, (^Jujtt^ter-y bi toajhin
sarif.
[maimul.
bitar.
Fashioned,
i
^~m
masniit.,
^J ^jt.
Farrow, u"j^>- khannu*. See Pig.
Fast, v. jLc /.
Fart, . ivLy^ i/V/-/f.\
Fast, .v. *.~ -w, *,-(.
Fart, . \>j-e darat.
Fast (firm, fixed, immoveable),
Farther, further, OJj) abâd.
Lr-^:. madbut, e-i''.
Farther, v. See Advance, facilitate,
; (swift, quick),
promote.
[promotion.
Fartherance. See Encouragement,
Fasten or make fast, . ojjs katowa',
Farthennore, further,
Farthermost (most distant),
(ijL makkan ; (to cement, con
abâd.
join), ^ôi /aa^.
Farthest, Jju\ abâd.
Fastened, i_jyU mukawwai ,
Fascinate, v.^sr1 sahar.
matin, ,^_C makln.
Fascination, ws"* tihr.
\maftun. Fastidious (disdainful),
Fascinated, j^s?** maskur,
mustahkir, ^-.^-C-x^ mutkabbir.
Fascinating, adj. ûi fattan. A
Fastidiously, ]j#i-!U it istihzan,
fascinator, (.fJ>-* muftin.
ti\b\J&j btleol ihanat, Û*L)U
Fashion (form), ,_jj zay, ~ij ram ;
W istMdr.
(custom), .oL: -.in'i'i. A fashion Fasting, . *.^ atom. See Fast.
of dress, ; _i; huswat, **u^ kasem, Fastness, jlys karar, tuL
^j zay ; (rank), -Y-V-* martabat.
(security), ^L! ajd ; (a strong
Fashion, c. ju> handam, _i_place), ^..fl.-*- J^"* mahall hasln.
Carnal,
waddab,
Fat, (//'. ^^f-j am! ; (greasy, oily),

natam,
zayyan.
,itn</In', i,
t'Ain. Fat
Faahtonable (established by mode or
and lean,
FAT
518
futbra. Fat meat, AiiJmU^..

lii/ii/ie mudhini.
Fat, p. (^tî samman. See Fatten.
Fat, . ^J duhn. The fat on
broth, etc., tj^Sl^J dahhan al
marakd.
Fatal (deadly), (JJlf muhlik, JjU
&*'/, \^~-{ mumlt ; (inevitable,
destined), pf^* mahtum, JJA*
mukaddar.
\takdlr.
Fatality, fatalness, Lai kada, jl-lfJ
Fatally (by the decree of fate),
^JJLjb lil takdir, jjJLîs-jJ
FAT
'. See Ancestors.
j>\ abu is often used metynomically in the formation of Arabic
compound epithets, which are
applied as proper names to ra
tional and irrational beings, as
well as to things inanimate ; as
The father of desires (a lover),
i^.~Uai^l aba attalal. The father
of the wife (a husband), i^J^
aba al mirat. The father of
sorrow (the devil), *j")>\ i*
bi wajhin mukaddar; (mortally,

destructively), \lf muUikan,
Su'li katilan.
Fate, 1 -~ /('.'(I, jj jJLj' takdir (pi.
^jjULj takadir), i*u5 kmmat,
murra. The father of the watch

(the cock), u\ Vi a ; \\y)\ abu al
yakzun. The father of the curled
hair (the wolf; also the fox), ji\
,Xu>- abu ,'r'."-1- The father of
stratagems (the fox), ^j~*s>-*}\
jJLt WZt ; (death), tUj

Fated, jjJL* mukaddar,
aba hanbas. The father of de

fence (a fortified town), >,*_-..''
maw-âd.
Father, *. c_J\ J,
abu manmur. The father of life

(rain), L^1 alii al haydk.
Tlie father of health (sugar), f\
l&Ajl aba ashshafa. The father
of excellence, JiLi'^j1' aba al
Father and mother,

w&lidln. My father, or 0 my
father! <>\ all. The father of
a family (the master of a.house)
The
Almighty father,
^ J^ a/ J a/ Aarfir tafa' M shy
fadl. The father of beneficence,

OjJ^j! aba ajjad. The father
of perfection, JlJ^jl aba al
kamal. The father of redemption,
A father-in-law (wife's father)

*--- am, *r AamS. Fathers
!AJ^j! aba alfida. The father

of beanty, ,..s'L>' aha al kv**.
FAT
519
FAV
The father of the servant of God, Fault, *.

khata,
,ila. tabd alia. [The
takilr, laL- yfialat,
proper names formed, in this
Jciuur, j$* sahu, LiL. sakat,
manner, by the Arabians, are
zallat, >-Lii kabahat ;
very numerous.]
sanb, iyiit Aa/Kia<, <LkU ghaltat;
Fatherhood, <Oj\ abwiyat.
(defect),
Fatherless, **y yafim.
nuksdn,
Fatherly, ^jji\ abatol.
Faultily, t-^J Jn^c yj J muc-Jn
Fathom, . ^jj b*t (pi.
muzntb, j^-aJD' talalran.
Fathom, v. (measure with a fathom),
Faultiness, c_^^c oy}, U^S- khata.
jj lawwa^; (embrace), Jjlc
Faultless,
bighayr Jchatd,
.'i ;<!/; ; (to master, acquire, reach),
^fjAJ'L i*to takslr,
i_Jj ghalab.
laâybfihi.
Fathomless (bottomless),
Faulty, c-^J Ji- muznib, +~ij samlm
malaho : ,
[atâb.
Favor, <_ U)
Fatigue, v.
/(j';OTo< ; (benefit), ,l
Fatigue, c_^xj taâb, j kad.
Fatiguing, part. k_-ê^ mutgb,
Fatigued, c_jj*i* matûb, yLaj
te^dw. To be fatigued, *^*j
ttêb. A mind fatigued and full
of cares, (J^jLi^ji^jyc^t JLj
jlkj^lj 4d iii,i(-.nfi tea mashghul
'bil ifltar.
Fatness, l^*~: mmn.
[ma^luf.
ni^mat. Favors, ' " UU\7 talattufat, (__jllac!

âwatif, *^> hamam,
i wai<Zrim ; (vindication),
jiJCLcl $zdr. By fevor, <LLj
bignayat. By the favor of God,
ÎxiÛlA-jLw bign&yat al
barl tabula'. To curry favor,
Fatted, . -*M^, mtMommon, i_JL,

Fatten, t>. (make fat), (j-fc^ samman ; Favor, . ulcl a^da, jjtL
aAa t
to be or become fat, ,.K*-> semen.
Favorable (kind), i_-oAj %yt'J.
Fattened, ^^,1 musamman.
Fataous. See Foolish, stupid, im
See Kind.(propitious),
potent.
matûd,
FEA
520
FEE
muteafik,
able wind,
wafik.
Favorableness,
mugn. A. favor Fearlessly,

tin Â
haiea mukhatof.
[khawf.
Fearlessness,
âdam al
karam,
Feasible. See Practicable, plausible.
rafat,
hafakat.
Feast, . (great entertainment),
Favorably,
j UM lutf,
"LsUj diyafat ; (holiday), Ju c.ld.
musaiadat.
To make a feast (entertain sump
Favored, (JJj* muwaffak,
tuously), iLjLaJ J^ Carnal diyafat,
mmaâd. Ill-favored, Jai*J \ &jj>
.LjLj^c^j sawwa' diyafat.
karlh al manzar. Well-favoredly, Feaster, *. (entertainer), J_-L_e
Ji wajhin jamil.
4_)L2Jt -.til/ml addiyafat.

it Feat, *. Jji ffhaza. See Action,
deed, exploit, trick.
Feat. See Neat, nice, skilful.
musahib. A
Feather, . <Uijj rlshat (pi. CjLij^,
ruhat and (_/uJj n*A). The long
? malek.
feathers in the wing, _L^!,jij .
Fawn, *. (young deer), J^c ghazul.
risk ajjanah.
Fawn, t>. (court servilely), |lj:pj6J
Feathered
(covered with feathers),
dahlas âla'.
jjijjiil laho risk.
Fear, i_Jp- Ma/, aLiiri- khasUyat.
Ill-favoredly,
vxyhin makruh.
Favorer, fautor, .
Favorite, . t^
royal favorite,
The fear ofGod, ^ytf tetoa', c^,^ Featly. See Neatly. Featness.
See Dexterity.
waraj_, .fJJI^Lio- khaihiyat allah.
Feature,
As-j icajh, ja^t matuar.
Fear, e>. i_JUi. /tAa/j (to make
February, bu_- gub&t. [excrement.
afraid), <Jp- khawwaf.
Fearful, u_i>U- khAyif; (awful), Feces, feculence. See Dregs, lees,
Fecundity. See Fruitrulness.
iJjlsr* mukhawwlf.
Fed, L_jjlji* ma^luf.
Fearfully (timorously), i
Federal, ^jlssrl ittihadl,
khawf; (awfully),
haylat.
Tearfulness, <UJli haylat.
Fearless, cJliri! la yakhUf.
Fee, *. (reward), j>\ <yr, c-jLj

sawal. The fee to a judge for
deciding a partition of inheritance,
FBI
521
nmiit al Teismat. A
dilalat. Fee
broker's fee,
of office, AJ-JJ rwUm.
FEL
alaho
rance,
jaJiil; (make u false show of),
j$o\ azhar.
Feigned, (Jls-jJ^lc âmil halaho,
Feeble, ^.a.*^ da^jf (plar.

nahif. To make
To feign sickness, ^^
daâfa),
Carnal halaho marid.
feeble, i_g^ daâf. To be or
become feeble, '- --y'-' sar da^lf Feignedly, ^jye suratan.
Feebleness, j.
Feigner, . j^j* muzaiowr,
al Ituteat.
il halaho.
Feebly,
Feed, v. (supply with food),
ut-.iiiit ; (to take food), j\
Feint, s. (false appearance),

hllat, Zjya surat.
\_hanna'.
Felicitate, v.
(to pasture), ^^cj raâ'. To feed
Felicitation, .'v_i , L.^* mubdraicat,
cattle on hay or grass, c_9,l r.
tahniyat,
Feeder *. (giver of food),
Felicity, SJ\x~i saâdat,
^~~srlakht, JLil iklal. Eternal
Feel, t\ (touch),
Ao. To perceive, i^/Jjl adraL
al abadiyat.
[zulim.
To feel (to have sensibility, to be
Fell (cruel, etc.), ^-^ *a*J, JUs
gentle, merciful), +-*-j raham,
Fell, *. jJj>- ^W. A fell-monger,
^jLcJî ghafak âla'.
Jaj>- 1 Uo layyiit.jild.
Feel (feeling, touch), ^-*J /a>.
The power of feeling, <U^llliiyLl! Fell, v. (cut down), ^ki iaâ^. A
feller, j-- '^ kati^.
al kuwat al lamisat. Feeling
(perception), cJljJl idrak, *$ Felloe, B. (circumference of a wheel),
<Jjjjjî J diiijir 11ddill.fi It.
fahm, (_/*- hat; (sensibility,
tenderness), <S^K- , rahmat, <uLLî Fellow, . (companion), ^î; ra/zi.
ihafakat.
N.B. Fellow, in composition, is
Feet (plur. of foot), *ljJl akdam.
generally expressed by fj . ^
Feign, . (dissemble), <UL*-J^
ra/ri, asA fellow traveller,
rafik aitafar. A
Carnal halaKo. To feign igno
FEN
522
FER
fellow student,
Fence (guard, protection), <Sjl

himdyat, <ULuo siyanat,
Fellow, v. \jj\+$JLij waffakhum
haft. Defence (an enclosure),
Fellowship (equality), i'^Lu^ mu<L_l?Uv.! ihdtat, /t U lg^ WM_
idwdt; (companionship), <Ljî>
hafazat. A fence *r lattice work,
gharakat, cAxi>l isUirak, Z+s?0
^jjj^jj darab zu.
suJibat, jl81\ ittifak, &uJ!^ Fence, . ^^Lc.^*^ Aajrea" ô/a'.
rafik addars.
{atwaj.
muwanasat.
See Defend.
To enclose,
Felo-de-se, <UJi JjlS katil nafsaho.

Felon, *. i*^"* mujrim.
\_shorrir.
Fenced (defended), (JAM^S-* jaAru,

Felonious (wicked, etc.) îî
mahjUz ; (enclosed), L
Feloniously, pjjsf^&s^ji bi wajin
mashmul.
mujrim.
Fencer, . (swordsman),
Mm id
Felony, ^JaeL
_>.o JUuJ fasdd kablr. \manuus.
Fencible, JLjL.rr il^j^x mumki*
Felt (part, of feel), ^y**+
assayS.nat, jj^cs-ij yunhama'.
Felt (cloth), jU lullad; (skin),
Fend, . See Defend, keep off, ex
yiM ; (perceived), ^^s-*
clude.
\_felukka.
Fennel, i^*_i shumrat. Hog's
Felucca, . (small ship),
fennel, *j*jyse? bakhur ma-nam.
Female (opposed to male),
Feod, feud, s. (land held by military
vnsa'. A. female (of the human
tenure), AxLUi* mukataâ,
species), l\j*\ amraat.
katiât.
Femme covert, *. ip-jj^jy* mara
Feodal or feudal lord, feodary or
muxawwajL A femme sole, t^-OJ
feodatory, .
jfj bint lihr.
Feminine (soft, tender), ,*clj naîm. Ferment, v. (be in agitation),
_U haj; (as liquors), j*z.\
Feminine (in grammar), t_i-Jy
ikhtamar;
(to leaven), ^v- -t- \
mttannat. The feminine gender,
C^Jbll attanu.
Fen, *. L.jJixi~o- mttslanku mu.
See Marsh, bog.
ikUamar, j+.-îT jLi- khaUuh

yakhtamir; (to be fermented),
.&>- 1 ikhtamar.
FER
523
FIC
Ferment, I
khamirat ; (in- Festival, *.
(plur.
testine commotion),
a^yad). The festival of Easter,
hayajan.
d al kablr. ^\*eFermentable, j^=^ yakhtamir.
.ld al fash al majid.
Fermentation (of wine, etc
Festival (pertaining to feasts),
ikhtimar; (leavening),
%idi. Festival, festive,
takhmlr. Fermentative,
^*>- ma&rur.
mukhammir.
[tuilim. Festivity,
j farah, jjj~> surur,
Ferocious, ^+*~) wahshi, JL_ij
Ferocity, A, .*, ->-j wahshiyat.
Ferreous, ferruginous (composed of
iron), i_jJo.x>- hadidl.
Ferret, v. See Discover, drive or
hunt out.
Ferrule, *. (of a cane, sword-sheath,
nashat.
Fetch, v. (go and bring),
rdh jab.
Fetch, *. aLL.
Fetid,
Fetidness,
Fetter, fetters, s. Ji-J kayd.
etc.), AiA*-u*~ki talbu hadid. Fetus. See Fcstus.
Ferry, v. (cross over a river, etc.), Feud, quarrel, contention. See Feod.
{' r ^** icata^nahr.
Feudal, feudatory. See Feodal, etc.
Ferry, *.^-^ ma^bar (plur. ^l- Fever,.Uj>-Amidor.*. humma'.
The cold fit of a fever or ague,
111 iiHit-., (plur.
(UJfJl albar die. A malignant
. The fare for
fever, t*-ij-s* ^-^z- humma'
crossing a ferry, j^nllL Jo; Z
muhrtka. To fever (catch a fever),
^îk-b îj waka^_ lil humma'.
khasil, c: -~..'- ^
Feverish,
feverous, pj+sf mahmum.
Fertileness, fertility,
khasb.
Few, JJj kohl.
Fertilise, v. \__-n ~\ akhsab.
Fervency, fervor,
hamdteat, Fewel or fuel, Jjij irukud.
>j\f*- hararat.
Fewness, <du killat.
[See Lie.
Fervent, fervid, j\- Jidr,
Fib. See Lie, falsehood. To Fib.
Fibre, s. <UiJ la/at.
[atta/i^.
*j*c. sahib ghlrat.
Fervently,
Fickle, j-AJIulii- mutaknlli!'
[munlit.
524
FIF
Fickleness, i_*U'_.Lo takallub

attabf..
Fiction, jladyarf,
Fictitious, (^JuLjLj taklidl,
iamall.
Fictitiously,^j)JJj M taztcirin.
Fiddle, . c.
kamdnja.
Fiddle faddle,
Fidelity,
saddkat,
FIG
Fiftieth, ,jv4^>- khamsun.
Fifty, ^..ixtft. Mawl.

Fig, *. i-J tlnat (plur. ^y-j <!n).
A fig-tree, ^.j-JiÊ-1 shajarat tin.
Fight, 0. c_>jU- Aurai, JjU Aa^.
Fight, .
muhdrabat.
[yahriz. Fighter, *. i_;^ mubdriz,
thy Id
amdnat, u-: ' -W Figment, s. See Fiction, invention.
iitikamat, JLo Figurable, ^.iâiJl^^l^* mwnkin
ribdb,
tU>i
attastclr.
itamad. Figurative (not literal), i
Fiduciary.fidncial,
Fief, . <uJ3j /.-aft :.
majdzl.
Figuratively,
majuzan.
Field,. (indefinitely),^! &~+ mldan,
\*& fada. A cultivated or sown Figure, ji ehakl,
taswlr ; (arrangement), v^^-J^J
A ârren
field,
tartlb, /Llaijl intizdm; (distin
A pasture field,
field, t
guished appearance),
fZj* marâ To challenge to
kardmat, l\\y^jalal, . sharaf.
da
lil
the field,
A figure in arithmetic, ^rakam,
mldan.
sharisal
Jji âdad, jLo sifr. A geome
Fierce,
likol shardsnt.
Fiercely, i
trical figure, JjJ>p- jadtcal (plur.
i iharasat
J^lju>- jaddwil). A rhetorical
Fierceness,
al atbSi,
figure, JLi ?HJ/, i_jl_i_i
Fieriness, *;)/>- hardrat.
kandyat (plur. cubl^ kandydt).
Fiery, ^j\J ndrl.
A parallel figure, oj^-'Jî
lihamsat i
i . A circular figure,
is -.ashar
(W mvstadir. A
square figure, _-. _' Jli-1 ihakl
Fifth, L/-*U- khamie.
Fifthly, Uu^Li. khumisan.
tarbit..
FIX
525
Figure, t>. jLi J^ Carnal
PIN
Final,
(conclusive),
satewar. To figure to one's self,

jyaj tagawicar. To figure (in Finally, \JS&.\ akhlran.
painting, embroidery, etc.),
Finance, <L!U!I al maliyah. A. finan
nakash.
cier, djUilJâs'* muhcusil al
Figured, J&L* mwhakkal,
maliyat.
munakkash, jâ* mmawwar.
Find, v. &>-j lety'ad ; (to perceive),
Filbert, *. (nut), jjcj bunduL
CSjt)1 adrak, ^ V- 'i wazar ; (to
Filch, . See Pilfer, steal.
acquire), ,J^4. hassal. To find a
File, . (for polishing) J^ malt ad.
verdict, xk.'jJual a<&w huknt.
A file or catalogue, îio daftar.
To find out, C^Ju-l Ma*, iNsrl
File, c. (metals, etc.),
ajy'arf. To find difficulties, to
To file papers, Jiu>
be averse, JJjj taâttal.
Filings, s^ baradat.
Finder, s. JkSf ' wajid.
Filial, (_fyiJ banawl.
Fine (not coarse), _Jj ra/l^, ,clj
Filiation, Syj bunwcat.
nuîm ; (free from dregs, dross,
FU1, t>. ^Li mofe', ^1
etc.),
^^sjLs. khalis; (elegant),
Fill, filling up (completing),
i, 9 _. Vil latlf,
imtila.
(thin, transparent),
Filled, u)*^ mashhun,
ihaffuf;
(small, subtile),
mumlu, ^îi^, mumtali.
*
. <J?ij raklk ; (soft, smooth),
Fillet, .
Filly, .
A
(ual. Having a fine edge,

uaj rahif; (dexterous, artful),
filter, U^K masfah.

Filth, filthiness, <L-iLrjr najasat,
ô-L> sahib tasarruf;

(fraudulent), . lie ghaddar.
FUter, filtrate, v. ^Ju> sa/a'.
y^j wamkh.
Fin, . c
Finable (mulctable),
Fine, *. <UJ_^f- jarimat, iLLc

gharamat. In fine,'1^..^. I akhiran,
Fine, v. (take a fine) *j=>~ jaram.
minho Fined,
ghar&ma.
majrum.
Finely, beautifully,
FIE
526
likol latafat,
bikol Fire, jLj dr (plur. Îj-i nlran).
tarafat.
Hell fire, xp-Û ndrjahannam.
Jnun, ^\AO? jamdl.
Fineness,
A spark of fire,^lj<Uu
In In I.
Finesse,
To strike fire, jli _.JJ inrfaA ndr.
' "''" (plor. j-^''--'
Finger, s.
Anything used in striking fire (as
The ring-finger, jou
steel, flint, etc.), AsJJki kaddahal.
A worshipper of fire, jU\JUc
banwr ur.îlij banasir). The
little finger,âi&- Tchinser. The
Ballad annar. Fire (ardour), ^-i
joint of a finger, etc., IÔSL*
ghirat, ij\j>- ha.ru.rat. Fire
mnfmil (plur. J-0LL* mafasil).
arms, JLt^liii^1-'! atlihat ndriyat.
Finger, v. l>/u-S lamas, ^.xcJ dagh- Fire, . (set on fire), J
dagh ; (to steal, (_^r> saralc. To
\ aAroi lil nar ; (to take
finger a musical instrument, JJJ
fire), Js*>-\ ihtaraJc ; (to be fired
or inflamed with passion, JjcJil
dak.
Finical (effeminate),jJii*/ mughani^*ajt]\) ishtaâl bil ghadab. To
dar; (nice), cJjJls sfln/. Finifire cannon, ^jliX**--.^ darab
cally,^LUlaj W zaraftin. FinicalTo fire a musket, ness, i-i\j& sarSfat.
kawwas barude.
Finish, /. ^+3 tammam, *SA- khatam, Firm (fixed),
rd*'iA,
Jchallat. To finish a thing
dii'<, !j-^ iaii, ^j^* matin ;
properly, t-^scUi^Sl.MJ fcm(solid), <Xtacu* mwijamid, ^-+mam aZ amar fcamd yajab.
Finished, \jA\s~khalis, *LJ tamam.
bawl. To make firm, jL* maklcan.
The book is finished (finis), *J Firmament, U- 1astama, \^
^_-'^!: torn (^ kitab.
Firmly , tj/lj3 1 ilili /afa/t uZ a//di-,
Finisher, . *^^< mutummim.
Finite (limited), JjJLsr* mahdnd, Firmness, *LLsuil ittihk&m,
Ttarar, iiLa saldbat,ij\s^matdnat,
muhaddad,
LULJ sabat, AjU*^ rasanat.
FLniteness,
Fir-tree, .
. See Limitation.
tanawbar.
See
Stability, compactness, steadiness,

resolution, certainty.
527
FIS
FIX
First, Jj\ auneal (fern. ^Jj\, plur. Fistula lachrymalis,

iJni/i-.itt,
^jJ^ awwalln}. First, firstly, in
the first place, J^l awwal, 2j[l Fit, . (paroxysm of a fever), j^J
awwalan. From first to last,
Ukk.1 dawr al humma ; (a sudden
start or effort), j*^*** hujam. A
"*"*
ila' al akhir. Making the first
fainting fit, 0,u-U: ghushyan. A
fit of anger, ^_-?A ghadal, li-_;
last (transposing), ^wlj*jLJ
kaddam tea akhkhar.
Fiscal. See Exchequer, revenue. Fit (proper),
Fish, . <Lxiw samakat (plur. LL^w
muwafik, c-~jlx^ mMSti; (pre
zdi). A large fish, <-Uj- /</.
pared), .tfla. hadir.
The scale of a fish, j^Jj //. A Fit, p. Jii!. wqî ; (to be adapted),
fish-hook, ejllj idto^. A fish
Fitly, aJLi^JS
pond, <jOj=>- hawd, l&ji birkat.
c-_>!^~i'j bissatcab.
Fish, v. iJ^<v.i.\...-77 tasayyad ittmak.
Fitness,
aijl^ muwafakat,
Fisher, fisherman, tlXôjLx9 sayyad
layakat, <L~>li< muniisabat.
tamak.
[samak.
Fishmonger, s. clX^cLj layya^. Five, <Uu^v khamsat. The space
Fishy (having the qualities of fish),
L_>~! ' ' LI- 1'1
/(///</
liiliiii/U
of five years (a lustrum), <Uwc>L^j'yj khamsat sanawat.
aisamak ; (consisting of fish), Fix, . ^.^C* makkan, i^-3 sdblat,

j natal. To fix the eyes,
^,-~ gamakl.
Fisaile (capable of being split),
*Jl,.pM*i t/Hi^tut annazar.
jliLl.'S^^jC^ mumkin al inshikdk.
Fissure, ^^1 ihuk. To break into
A place where anything is fixed,
fissures, (_yJLJi<J&l^l-iii.5 tnkultti-,
t_î madrab. A fixed habi
thukak shukak.
tation, ^\C makan. Fixed
Figt, . j^JltUiJ kabdat al yadd,
upon,^lxi^ mttkhtar.
A blow with the fist, <Ct! Idkmat. Fixedness, fixation, fixure, j\f->
To strike with the fist, *& lakam.
kardr, +\^Li\ istihk&m, t-i^J
FLA
528
FLA
Flabby, (î-û~ mwtarkhl. See Flank, u.-oU- jai. The right

flank, A-A^.I maymanat. The
Soft.
Flaccid, Jjlj adJ7,
loft flank, ^-.y. maygarat. To
Flaccidity, flabbiness,
flank or attack the flank of an
ittirJcha.
army
Flag, 0. (grow feeble, flaccid),
Flannel, s. --J
Flag, .-. (colours), A& âlam,
Flap, .v. (anything dangling), J,
bayrak, ' .! /<>. To hoist a flag,
/-'/.{/'. The flap or lappet of a
^.'.V-.'t - -r'< nasal bandlera.
garment, JjJ dayl.
Flageolet, s. ^li nay.
Flare, t>. See Flash, glitter, glance,
Flagellation, ^>- jald.
show away.
Flagitious, ->-i sharrir, &~i\sfusid, Flash, *. (of fire or lightning), jj^
bark; (a sudden impulse),
Flagitiousness, î sfowr,
(LJJLf. XC /i i'/ a,,: -it/i'' i//;i'//,-l,
kabdhat, i'.ULi. shakawat, .i Flash, . J^_J iflrai. To flash
raddicat.
(make an impetuous effort),
Flagon, . *L2 kumbum, {.v.J
<UJLc Af hajam âla' ghaflat.
wl^. A large flagon, <b lyi karra.lt.
Flashing, part. *i
Flagrant (notorious), ^blls zdAt'r,
Flashy (not solid),
uJjy)b ma^rufjjjiiL* mashhur.
j^x -'o In!it niii-./iit' .
Flail, . 'J^-J darbat.
Flask, a. ^*i..ti shisha, -' - _ -
Flake, *. Lsii-j safihat.
kannlnat.
Flambeau, *. J*i^ mathtal (plur.
Flat (level), Ûui* mutattain,
J.^'JL* mathdîf), _'u^. mubah.
I_?M~* mustawl, Î'u^.* iiiimii.: . .
See Torch.
; (not elevated), ^-jj
Flame, jlj war, u- ^.^1 ?A;J. See
rte^^; (insipid),
Fire, passion, ardour, love.
'- <fofo^_. Tasteless (unaniFlame without smoke, jul^LJ
mated), <U(tlj<slU malaho ta^me,
/udn onndr.
Flame, i>. Jjti AafcaZ.
Flaming, flamy, JcL_l sha^tl,
uU.
4*lc- j&mid. The flat side of

anything (a/o any thin lamina,
plate, blade),
afh. Flat-
FLE
529
FLE
Aarai. Any place to which one

aftas. A flat roof,
nosed,
flees, Isr"" malja.
^ sath.
<>..
Fleece,
*. i_Jj-sij=^yazz< suf.
Flat, *. (even ground),
Fleece, v. (shear sheep), j>- jas ;
mldan, J-~- iahl.
(to strip, plunder), L_ -.i..'
Flatly (horizontaUy), Jj
Fleeced (robbed, stripped),
maslab. Fleeced or fleecy,
tiHuatmoif.
sahl;
Flatness (levelness),
Fleer, . (deride),
(deadnesa), x^jji lurudat.
j*?^ tamaskhir.
Flatten, v. (make flat), (J$-j sahhal.
-ra^ mardFleet, . u^îjlf
Flatter, v. <jjL mallak.
kib, U^jjj donanma. To fit out
Flatterer, .-. J^-*- mwmalUk.
a fleet, fcr^rt_
muhaziyan lilafk, \>
mmtateiyan.
Flattery, (_LJ tamalluk.

nafkh, *fj rlh.
Flatulency,
Flatulent,
i a/dM. A flatulent
nafkhat.
tumour,
Flavour (odour),
rayhat ;
(agreeableness of taste), & JJ lastat,

sjt mazzat, jijJ zawk.
Flaw, *. (crack), fjj* shuk; (de
(a blast of
fect),
nafkhat hawa.
wind),
Fkx, ^
kuttdn. See Lint.
Flaxen,
. Flax-seed,
u>Kir!
Flay, .
Flea, s.
iozr kuttun.
liarghut.
baraghit.
[kashar.
Fleas,
Fled (|>ar. of flee), /*j)Jf mafaum.

Flee, . (run away), ^J /arr, <_^Jk
marukib lil harb.

Fleet. See Swift, nimble, quick,
speedy.
[flow, skim.
Fleet, . See Vanish, disappear,
Fleeting, 0$'. Jjc**"3'* mudmahal,
i /oni,
asssunaal.
See Momentary.
Fleetly, l*>>
Flectness, c-j
Flesh, .^s'
habr. Flesh dried in the air, Jo jJJ
kadld. A flesh-hook, t
To get into flesh (grow fat),
ÂÎ semen. Flesh (carnal de
sire), iî shahioat. Following
the lusts of the flesh, CUîJ! jJ
-t^^t.-.-.-j'L.-J^ '"'"V ashihahwat
530
FLI
annufsdniyat. One flesh (as hus

band and wife), -. j ] zatcj.
Flesh, v. See Glut, satiate, accustom.
mtdhim, ^s lahim,
Fleshy,
kaslr al
*.""lahm.
Flexibility, flexibleness,
_ycJi iinkfin attaâicusuj,
_ t*M Jcaliliyat al
Flexible, flexile,
munhani,
FLO
Flinch, v. Jixj ta-.allal.

Flinchcr, s. Jii- mutaâUU.
Fling, v.
kawwas. To fling
(as a horse), ^j^j rafas.
Flint, ^ff scttcw&n. A. flint for a
musket, tinder-box, etc., jjUJLsohakmUk.
Flinty, ijlâ sawwanl. Flinty
hearted, ^^^Jl^lîOJ htlbuho
assawwan.
[mayl. Flirt, v. (move* about with quick

ness), ft-î talarram.
Flexion, flexure,
Flit, p. (migrate, remove), J-=Cj^
Flexuous,
irtahal. See Eove, flutter, fly
Flier, s. *.J_;_. mahzum. See
away.
Fugitive, runaway.(in the air),
Float, v. (swim), *\A i&m ; (to
overflow), _ .-3 tamawtvaj.
Flier, *. (of a jack or other engine),
C jU.t mu^&dalat, Stvti takkalat. Flock, . ^.k? katt^. A flock of

sheep, ^*-,^ I'ntl^ ghanam.
Flight (from danger, etc.}j\jijirar,
A flock of people, AtL*^- jamuât.
c-yi harl ; (the general flight
or rout of an army), <t*JJJ& Az!w<, Flock together, p.
/fca*r<. To take flight, ^j Flood (deluge), ^L-j
The flood of Noah,
far. To put to flight (defeat),
tawaf&n nuh ; (high water), .X*
,*ji> Aazaatn. To feign a flight or
mad. The flood and ebb of the
retreat, jlyLil^lj! azAar al Jirar.
tide, jjs^jjf* warf wa /sr.
Flight (flying through the air),
Flood, p. i_Jlij /. See Overflow.
^y? tayaran.
sahn,
Flightiness, ^jo tawasJi. Flighty, Floor,
stone,
brick,
or earthen floor,
khiyall, u^tJ&j wahml. '
baldt. A floor or story, JL
Flimsy. See Frivolous, spiritless,
trifling.
(plur. j|
FLO
531
atlak,
The upper and lower floors,
Ulir^j^lSynJjLLM attabakut
(dfawkaniyat wal tahtantyat.
Floral, i^j&j sahrl.
FLU
ebb and flow, Juj^js- jasar tea
madd. To flow as the waves,
--j-.3 tamawwaj. To flow or
wave as hair, i_aJj safa/. To
Floridness, floridity,^^ ta.hr.
flow (abound), î^ tor, ôlj

/drf. To flow round, tU-1
To flow back (ebb), i>- /
Florist, . (,^-fcjl azôrJ, (JV.--.-.V.'
To cause to flow, cjf/>- jarra'.
Florid,â1j sahir.
listani, ijjykj sahratl.

Flounce, . n. ^jâighatas ; (plunge
Flow, *. (of tide), Jt< warf; (abun

dance), ]e\ji\ ifrdt, 'ij kasarat.
about in water), (j-lic ghattas. Flower, . Xjtsj zahra (plur, cyl^fc;

zahrat). The clove jilly-flower,
A flounce (to a garment),
AJ^S karanfil. Saflron in flower,
buhkash.
[tahln.
îsfur. The flower of
Flour (meal), jLJj daklk, ^^P
youth, ^lyiic ânfawan. A
Flourish, v. (as a plant), jH>j\ azhar.
To flourish in esteem (to be
prosperous), j, .-._r^,l, sar
mudabar. To flourish in dis
course, \AJ tafasah; (to boast),
cauliflower, V? . ;.y karnalit.

The flower or best of anything,
.jjlJUjoj subdat ashay. Fleur
de lis, ^^j-j susan, {j+tj zaylak.
^Lj tatdha' ; (to adorn), ^j\ Flower, v. j&j xuhhar ; (to adorn
tayyaH. To flourish a sword,
with flowers), y^jJb JiLi shakkal
_i~'_*! ln.ni HI a-., astayf.
bilzahr.
Flouf, r. See Gibe, mock, insult. Flowing, adj. ^j\efjSrt. Flowing
Flow, v. (as water, etc.), ,_^rapidly, {Jt~~> sayaldn. Flowing
water, Îs-L* m&jarl.
/r'. To flow from a source, i Jus
a&w,j_J nJ^. To flow(as water Fluctuate, v. (to be in an uncertain
from a cistern, etc.), f~>j rashah.
state, irresolute),
To flow rapidly, JL sal, To
flow as sweat, jj^ trjt. To
ray
; (to roll as the
flow as the tide, ,x wrf. To
waves),
Flue-
FLU
532
FOG
tuating, fluctuant (uncertain),

masyal, (^^\âLt multaka'
annahrtn.
cyLJiUL* maldho sabdt. Fluc
Fluxion.
See Flux, flowing.
tuation of the waves,
tamawwuj \ (uncertainty), ,.xe Fly, v. j\Jb tar. To cause to fly,
tayyar.
To fly at,
.j
âdam al kirar.
hajam. To fly (to avoid punish
Fluency (in speech or writing),
ment), (JU-j^^sLi. khatta* hdlaho.
te-\*3i fasahat.
Fluent, j~& kaiir, A- J faslh.
To fly off (revolt, desert),
Fluid, Jl*-j wyydl,
sayel,
<az. To fly (abandon),

tarak, jsP hajar. To fly for
Fluidity, fluidness, <c-L* maydât.
refuge, ,y-KlJ! iltaja'. To fly to

any person for refuge, LJ1(^=cvJ\
iltaja' ila'.
\jf' ,-
Fly, *. <UuJ dubbdnat.
[tayyer.
Flyer, . (through the air), jiô
*M
Flying, part. rJU?
tayyer; (running
away), f>^j^* mahzum.
Foam, tjij raghwat. The foam of
the sea, -Sl! 1 ij^-j raghwat al bahr.
Foam, v. ^s-j ragha', Joj zabad.
Flurry. See Hurry, flutter ; gust,

storm.
Flush, j*l& kaslr. Seo Copious.
Fluster, v. (intoxicate slightly),
î\ askar.
Flute, . djjils fiuwtoh, L^li nay,
j\**r* muxmdr, <!UuLi> shabbubat.
Flutter, . (the wings), i__ijij rafraf,

j darabjand haho; (to
Fob,
vibrate), <j&>- khafak, *l=- ham.
Fob, ?. (j!ui ÂaA. See Cheat,
Flutter, fluttering (vibration), </>elude, put off.
Jiarakat,
zahdl; Fodder (dry food stored for cattle),
(hurry of mind), L>\Jb*s>\ idttrab.
_ <"g c n/nf, (Ju, . .*.,->- hashish.
Flux (flowing), Û^sj- jaraydn,

îLj gayalan. Flux and reflux
of the tide, ^Jsj-jiX* a<2 wa
/oar; (a dysentery), Jl^l ishal.
Abloodyflux, ,* ^\^\^.y^jardydn
addam } (confluence), J _mn
Fed with fodder, uJ^l- ma^laf.

To fodder, c_aij-. ôZa/.
Foe, .jJkc <ufo.
Foetus, s. ^.î^- janln.
Fog, . ^'-: dabdbat, ~. ghaym.
Fogginess, *~z ghaym.
FOL
533
FOX
attend upon as a dependant),

Fob, 3\, wu.h.
*Jo- khadam ; (to obey), til?
Foible, s. i~- âyl,jâ3 kusur.
imtasal, ^^ ascan.
Foil, v. (frustrate), _^JL>- khayyab.
To follow (be busied about),
See Defeat, disappoint, worst,
repulse.
^JiAj! inslwghal.
Foil, . (defeat). *>j& hailmat, Follower, *. _)\j
.Jjfi \ inhifMm ; (whatever illus
mulitadl, !
trates or renders another thing
mutt.
brighter), jy~* munawwir.
Following (going after), j-J^-
Foist, v. (insert fraudulently),
mutnbi^, *->\, ." ~* mutatabi^.
Following as a necessary conse
zatctcar ^tbdrat tea nasabaha ila'
quence, (*j=^ midtazim. [bahliil.
al musannif.
Folly, JJicL-1 bild takl
Fold (for sheep), ^.Vi->- Jtatir. A Foment, v. (cherish with heat),
fold or leaf in a book, ^^
habbal, ,<*- hamma1 ; (to bathe
matwa' (plur. Ûa* matawi).
with warm lotions), \*j,_,L*j:
Two-fold, i_o ...-.L^ nmduiaf.
lirsr-J ghasal bima sukhn ; (to sup
Three-fold,
port, encourage, excite), i_/^/=orftd/. Four-fold,
harrad. To foment disturbance,
arbaiat
adt&f.
liarrak al JUnat.
^
i- *
Fold, 0. (sheep),
zaralal Fomentation,
t- j takmld,
ghanam. To fold (cloth, etc.),
kimdd, ^*~-''-: tahbll.
'.'.--/'. To fold up a letter,
Fond, .JlubL wayz7 t7o',
lafal maiet&b.
Fond of the company
Folded, ij^K muttol.
of women, ,^' *uil 1 i-i UK k_^s**
Foliaceoua, J^W laho awr&k.
muhib muâeharat al niiwan.
Foliage (leaves), J^j^ atoraL
Fond of himself, <Ljlj (_.->*'*
muhib -.</.'<.
Folk, *y )b;t, ji=>. Tehalk,
tayjat, iljji kabllat.
Fondle, v. ^pas^ hadan, fJJ\-sFollow, 0. (go after), jk Mek;

tanak. See Caress, embrace.
(to imitate), oJJi M/arf ; (to Fondler, >. (Ji
mumallik.
FLU
532
FOG
masyal, (ji^\^JasL nultaka'

tuating, fluctuant (uncertain),
anwhrln.
CuLjrfJL* mdlaho sabat. Fluc
tuation of the waves, _y^J Fluxion. See Flux, flowing.
tamawwuj; (uncertainty), *JLC Fly, v. jô tar. To cause to fly,
jjô tayyar.
To fly at, A^ST*
i|jUI titilt'iii al kirar.
hajam. To fly (to avoid punishFluency (in speech or writing),
Ml
As^Lai fasdhat.
ment), ^l^-^^lo- khallas Mlaho.
Fluent, j~ kaslr, ^-aJ faslh.
To fly off (revolt, desert),
Fluid, Jl~j sayy&l, (Jd^-" *oy^j
%e*l. To fly (abandon),
tarak, jsP hajar. To fly for

refuge, ^s^\ iltaja'. To fly to
Fluidity, fluidness, 4cU^ maydât.
any person for refuge, L5!1(^?sn,J!
Flurry. See Hurry, flutter ; gust,
iltaja1 ila\
storm.
Flyi .v. AjUj dubMnat.
[tayyer.
Flush, j& kasir. See Copious.
Flyer, s. (through the air), ji^s

Fluster, t>. (intoxicate slightly),
Flying, part.jj\b tayyer; (running
JL:1 aska/r.
away), pjjfr* mahz&m.
Flute, . tijij flatotoh, (_jl> ndy,
Foam, s^sj raghwat. The foam of
jL*^* mwmar, &CL> shabbabat.
the sea, -s^!l iVii raghwat al bahr.
Flutter, v. (the wings), uJ^Jj rafraf, Foam, v. îj ragha,', JjJ zabad.
J darabjand haho; (to
Fob, s.
vibrate), Â- khafak, *\=>- ham.
ijlutsh. See Cheat,
Fob, t\
Flutter, fluttering (vibration), tjaelude, put off.
harakat, \J-j ra^sh, J5Pj wkal; Fodder (dry food stored for cattle),
(hurry of mind), <->\Jâ \ idtiral.
i_alr. :.,:/.;/, ^._.._^.,->- hashish.
Flux (flowing), t^-ljS? jarayan,
0,-L sayalan. Flux and reflux
Fed with fodder,
To fodder, i_air.
of the tide, j^-^.\.t mad wa Foe,
jazr; (a dysentery), Jl^-s! ishal. Foatus, . ij~s>- janin.
A bloody flux, jJ l^L L>- jaraydn Fog, . iUrf dababat, *.x
addam ; (confluence),
Fogginess, *. ghaym.
FOL
533
FOX
attend upon as a dependant),

Fob, ji!_j tcdfi.
khadam; (to obey), cli?
Foible, . i_'*- âyb,jyaJ kusur.
,
imtasal, ^^ azân.
Foil, v. (frustrate), _ôLi- khayyab.
To follow (be busied about),
See Defeat, disappoint, worst,
repulse.
Jjtujl ituhaghal.
Foil, *. (defeat). <UJJi> hazimat, Follower, s. *-i\J t'lbi^,
,Jj$J \ inhizam ; (whatever illus
muktadl, L_JJCLS:'* muhtazl,
trates or renders another thing
mutabu.
hrighter), jj^ munawieir.
Following (going after),
Foist, v. (insert fraudulently),
,'H'.i<ilii ., *-}
mutatubii.
'. '~+\\
iU g
.....ijL-jUl ~g;j[ i
zawwar îbarat wa nasabaha <!'

al musannif.
Following as a necessary conse

quence, fj^* multazim. [bahlul.
Folly, JJicL.J bila takl,

Foment, v. (cherish with heat),
fold or leaf in a book,
habbal, i^*^ hamma' ; (to bathe
matwa' (plur. ,j;,ll^ matawl}.
with warm lotions), 14jJux.
Two-fold, i__acL*i* muduâf.
|ji-' ghasal bima sukhn ; (to sup
Three-fold, i_JUj1<LjLj salasat
port, encourage, excite), \^fj=>adâf. Four-fold, L
harrad. To foment disturbance,
Fold (for sheep), ^.br- hazlr.
i^( Jiarrak al fitnat.

Fold, v. (sheep),
zardbal Fomentation, -W.'.j1 takmld, j',-_,
ghanam. To fold (cloth, etc.),
kimad, (J^-fi tahbll.
tawa'. To fold up a letter, Fond,
nayil Ua' ,
lafal maktub.
âsnix. Fond of the company
Folded, <_f^k mutwl.
Foliaceous, \j\jy\d laho awr&k.
ni a I/ :h
mu^tiiharat
al niswan.
Foliage (leaves), J^ awrak.
Fond of himself,
muhib zataho.
<LJ'ljir>'*
Folk, ^.y kawm, ^s-~ khalk,
Follow, . (go after), j

(to imitate), ji
Fondle, v. (^-aa~ hadan, <jj{~c

ânak. See Caress, embrace.
Fondler,
. <_}!*- mumattik.
(to
21
FOP
534
Fondling, . (person much admired

or caressed), tj... ?* mahbul,
Fondly, ,
Fondness,
Food, t^
FOR
LfcL/ mubdhdh.
See Folly,
impertinence.
Foppish, Jtb bdtil. See Foolish,
vain, ostentatious.
bi^shkin.
shawk, &*. %ishk. Foppishly, iLU Idtilan.
lent, ,Uij taâm,
For (on account of),
ghadd,
For the love of God, for God's
Fool, *.
majnun ; (a jester),
sate, dJJ ittdh. For ever, for
maskhara.
ever, and for ever, Ujl J dayman.
Foolhardiness, j*jJ+<\& âdam
For the sake,^Lls^ likhatir.
tadbir. Foolhardy, jy^ muta- Forage, i__cLc iâlaffiJuMuj*- hashish.
hawwir.
Forhear, c. (intermit), tjijjj iaFoolish,
majnun,
wakkaf; (to abstain), y_ ^v-c^1
Foolishly,
min ghayr
tajannab ; (to bo patient),
btâdam
tadbir,
Ki'Juir; (to bo merciful),
s. ghabdtcat.
Foolishness,
shafak âla', *&~j raham.
Foot, s. *jJ kadam, i^-j rijl. The
foot of a mountain, ^*~J safh. Forbearance (abstinence),
ijtinUl, j^jt*0^ ihtiraz,
To go on foot, ^jUis* meshl. To
be on foot (in a posture of action

ready for anything), ja=c tahaddar. The sole of the foot,
/jJi kadam.
[man.
Foot-boy, . *Li ghuldm. See Foot-
imtina^; (intermission),
tawakkvf, JUjbl AtoJ.
Footing, Jj>-j nj7;
shafakat, *s~ji tarahhum,
(condition),
(Jl>- Ad?, ^Lii ^>z.

Foot-sock, . \^y* or ôy* mawts..
Footstep, *. /J^-5 kadam, .^yt
mateta'.
[haliho.
Fop, s. (UU-jJ^sni^ muftakhir jl
Foppery (vanity, foppishness),
See
Delay.(patience), ^->e
J_^L=tT tahammul ; (leniency,
mercy), <**&-.+ marhamat,
rahmat.
Forbid, v. -x/ mana^.
[rnunha*.
Forbidden, ^ *~*.>
Forbidder,
jU
Forbidding (prohibiting),
*-* muharrim, -J^
part.
FOR
535
FOR
(afatowal. See
Force (strength), If kuwat, SjjJ Forebode, .

Prognosticate.
kudrat, j\&\ iktiddr, Aslls tukat;
(violence), Jdi zitlm, ^sj- jabr ; Forebodes, *. J^- mutafatcuril.

(necessity, destiny), iijjja Forecast, tj^si baslrat. To forecast, -/f/lldLjlcJaij^jU..! gffiai tea
darurat, \~a's kadd, jjjl* mvnazar âkibat alamr. See Foresee,
kaddar, t_^..i'i naslb ; (an nrmament), JLuts. âskar. By force,
adjust, contrive.
\r^r jabran, \.is kdhran.
Forecastle (of a ship),
Force (to use), j^s? jabar
impel, drive), j-JJ <fo/^
overpower), L. -' ~ ghalab
storm), Ajsr6 hajam.
(to
(to
See By
force, compulsively.
Forceless, yLJi*_J>Xe
Forcible,
See
\JcHwat.
âdlm
al mazbur, jjU...Î / mastur,

<LJljl*L*!\ al mushdr ilayhi.
(overpowered), i__>jLt- maghlub.
jabran.
al mazkur,
(to
Forced (compelled), \y^* majbur ;
Forcedly,
markob.
See
Above-mentioned, aforesaid.
Foreclose, t>.
See Preclude, pre
vent, shut up.
[Predestinate.
Foredoom, v. jî kaddar.
See
al Forefather, *. &>-.jadd (pi.
forceful (strong),
Forefinger, *.
See under finger.
(violent),
Forefoot, s. *^> kadam.
Impetuous,
vehement. Forego, v. (quit, resign), tL^J tarak.

Forehead, >. ,j--5j- jabln, 64 . ,>(done by violence),
Forcibly, jijjJ^ W zawr,

î
jabJiat.
Lines on the forehead,
jabran, \*c.j ragltman, i_j

asrar.
kuwattan via iktidaran. Foreign (of a different country, not
makta^ nahr,
Ford, .
domestic), t-^/^ gharlb. Foreign
or contrary to established custom,
Ford, .îllJaJi foia^ antiahr.
5jlx_S]i_ir>- khUuf al âdat ;
Fordable, ^V>5\j yunia^.
(not analogous),
Fore, ,J-Ji iaiZ.
ghayr mundsib.
merly, before.
See Former, for
L_^-jl_itjJ^
Foreigner, s. -^..jZ- gharlb (plur.
FOR
536
FOR
\ijf- ghurabd, **~}f- ghurb). To

justice),
matuHb i!</' dlw&n al -.ailolat.
become a foreigner (to travel),
tofor,
togharrob. To Fore-ordain, v. See Pre-ordain, pre
destinate.
pretend to be a foreigner, J,c_Ôyei!U- Carnal halaho gharll. Forepart, iÂJL mukaddamat.
Having a foreign air, or behaving Forecited. See Forecited, abovementioned.
in a foreign manner, <__.yc**
Forerun,
v. ,_* sabak.
mustaghrab.
sdbik. The
Foreignness, iijC. ghurbat ; (without Forerunner, *.
forerunner of good news,
analogy), <Uil^*!'Jo ."dam al
mubashshir.
nuwafakat.
Foresay, v. See Eoretel.
Forejudge, v. U_L>.- hakam
Foresee, v.jajt^jî sabak tea nazar.
salafan. See Prejudice.
Foreseen, Ljl-^jlax* inantur
Foreknow, v. tJ^cjJf.-j sabak
salafan.
[nosticate.
waêref.
[headland.
Foreland, *. \JM\J rat. See Cape, Foreshow, v. See Foretel, progForesight (prudence), *ô baslrat.
Foreleg, s. i_~X^ mâkab,
JjL: iokl, tUi-l ihtiyat; (pre
science), (JJLju taâkkul.
Forelock, .;. <L~0U natiyat (plur.
Foreskin, - . *_ ^ ghalaf.
^j^ly wawfisl).
Forest, *. i)it*- hirth, Lie ghdbat.
Foreman, *. (j*Jj raye.
Forester, . (officer of a forest),
Foremast, . i^r^j^\l^j\-a tari al
l_/ir*îi>V.'^y wardiyun al hirth.
markab.
[before-mentioned. Foretel, p. JlsÂJ fatahfal.
Fore-mentioned.
See Forecited, Forethought, ^-3J baslrat.
Foremost, *jJl akdam, Jjfl atewal. Foretoken, v. ^^j tanabba'. See
To go foremost, _uj takaddam.
Prognosticate, presage, [kuddiim.
See Precede.
[mentioned. Foretooth, *.
sindn al
Fore-named. See Forecited, above- Forewarn, v. ^ nasah. See AdForenoon, j$& \ J-j TtoJbl al suhr.
monish, caution.
Forensic (belonging to courts of Forfeit, *.
gharamaf,
FOR
jarimat.
penalty.
Forfeit, v.
See
537
Fine,
mulct, Forgiveness,
[See Confiscate.
maghfarat,
samah.
aram, ^-~: ddbat.
Forfeiture, <U.>ySf jarimat.

Forfeit.
Forgave, pret. of forgive.
Forgot, forgotten, ,y*i- murua'.

[niatruk.
See Fork, . ASJ^J forketla.
Forlorn, J^JkS^* rtMkhzul,
Form (figure, shape), J-Ci
Forge, *. (for iron work), jjj

tannur, JÂiJjU*-.! awjak al
hadddd.
FOE
See Furnace.
Forge, c. (with a hammer), jj

jjod\t dak lil malrata ; (to fal
sify), j'jj tawwar ; (to make), Ji
Carnal. To forge a lie, i_B.v<f
<L j sannaf kizbat. To forge a
deed, uXwâJtoJuJ /,;//,.</ ,,t
tamawvk.
Forged, jjV* muzawtcar. Any
thing forged, i^jJju taklidl.
Forger, *-jjj* mutawwir.

Forgery (falsification), JuUj taUld,
j)j sttr,j);jj taiuclr.
(plur. JULi>\ asJikal), *jye surat

(plur. jâ swear), t-^JU kalil;
(order, stated method),
manwal, iiAcU katidat, w-'
^v
-ii,,,
/Uicjl intizdm, i^~3JJ tartlb.

Exterior form, âlliij)^ A-I.-,V/
zahirat. The interior form, ..Û 1
alb&tin, fck\}jfa surat latinat.
The exterior and interior form,
^jLb^jbllj aA> wa latin. The
form or essential modification of
man, IÂjliLa!l atsifat al
lashariyat. The form of any
thing delineated on paper, etc.,
A-^ ra. A form (mould),
Forget, v. ^^j neal, idli^-lj

roA mtn bdliho.
[nagyun. Form, p. (make), J_f
Forgetful, l^.> _j nasl, ^1 ,j.,m-j
sauncar ; (to arrange)
Forgetfulness, koUjuJ nisyan.
laj nazam; (to contrive),
Forgetfully, '\ fr sahwan, \ .,>..>J
nasyan.
[See Pardon. Formal (precise), CJUKji_^-L>
f-
Forgive, . yLc ghafar, ^" safah.

Forgiven, AijyLK* mughfur laho.
tahib takallufat ; (methodical),

muwafik arrasm,
538
FOE
FOR
mutdbik addustur, Fornication, \JJ zt'na. A fornicator,

^jlj ssowi. A fornicatress, &~>
muwafik al kunun.
wniyat, ilu>-ls fahuhat,
Formality, &--* ...^soL-c ûdat
rasmiyat.
Formally (according to established Forsake, c. cJj^J lurak,^" hajar
To forsake a habit,
rules), l*~tjrasman, &
jUU^ M nawîn muwafik al
Forswear, v. *-*J kasam,
Fort, fortress, . <ixSj kalât, ^
(plur. ,oj-3- Atwu). To
kunun ; (ceremoniously),
uJ-lJo likol taklif.

Formation, ^.fi takwln,
farM, LJLi.<- khalkat. See
Creation.
Formed, J^-s" makhluli,
magniijj jyo* miuaicwar
former, iw3^ musawicir.
Former, J^L oiti, *iL
Former times,
azz(!7a assalik.
\
merly (in former times),
For-
mukdddaman.
Formidable, t_-~f mAiJ,
mukhaiowif. See Terrible, dread
ful, tremendous, powerful.
Formidableness, <U.Jb haylat, <ol^
muhaldt, sîKatwatj^âsawla
retire to a fort,
tahassan fl <il Italia. The gate
of a fort, i)JljUli>\> l&l alkdlâ.
Forth (abroad), -rJ^-^~ ^harij,
*Lb\li z&Hiran, To bring forth
children or young, CUjJj vjuldat.
To set forth (describe),îs\ azhar,
wasaf.
To sally forth,
hajam. Forthcoming,Ûhddir. To be forthcoming, âaC
tahaddar. From this time forth,
a^d. And
so forth, 4^\J waWdii. Forthright(in a rightline),^j\f^)isf^
Formidably, dL^Jj JtioZ Mylat.

likhattin mutaw&it.
Formless, ^,^)b bile,
n Âayr shakl.
Formulary (book of models, regula
tions, laws, etc.),
dastur al Carnal
ndma.
lJi kunun
Forthwith,
Fortieth,
Fortification (the science of fortify
ing), ^rr^" tahsin, ^
/ taMn, A fortification
FOU
FOR
(rampart, etc.),
A strong fortification,
; fiuln.
*sr najjam. A fortune-teller,

^sx munajjim.
[arbuîn.
Forty,
Fortify, v. (make strong), ,_fjflJ Forum, . (public place), ^
midan.
kaictea' ; (with ramparts, etc.),
A*s<wi ; (to defend, pro Forward, *lj3 Iciddam, /tl ato>;
(zealous, warm), iî u--o-U
tect), .y^s- hama'. [muhassan.
sahib ghirat; (presumptuous),
Fortified, \jjas* mafaun, ^p3^"
mutahawtcir ; (impudent),
Fortitude, jLui>- jasarat, iLjiL>
Jt7u Aaya ; (premature),
saldlat, AcLs^ shajaât.
ô/uZ, J-*'1 tajll. For
Fortnight, . ^î**^- jwnâtln.
ward fruits,^j bikr,jj bukur;
Fortress, *. See Fort, fortification.
(anterior), ^^s kadlm, /*>xL
Fortuitous, .^j^ ^drdi, ^>jmuladdam, J^l awwal.
âradl, tilfti'l ittifdlA. Fortuit
Forward, . /JJ kaddam; (despatch
ously, UlaJ'l ittifdkan,
us a letter), J-y^ anal ; (to
Fortunate, Ji,,...i sagd,
patronize), r hamtt'.
HI It* -Jill, ^JU?k_^>-L> *'////) tllli-.,
J-Ji.-* mukbil, i^Jyss^t

The fortunate islands,
ajjazuyer al khalidat.
#.
I Vi->Fortunately,
^
uxua^dan,
Forwardly,
iorlj-aw,
t/' a/
Forwardness (ardor), Xj+z ghlrat;

(quickness), injâ surât; (earlint'ss) , tJ-js^ tcijjll, (tls11 âjalat.
Fosse, *. (ditch), ^<^^>- khandak.

nalb, ^-r^ Fossil, s. (mineral) ijj*^ ma^dani.
. Good fortune, Foster, c. tuU A<2<, ^ raiiz. See
Bad fortune, L
Nurse, feed, support, encourage,
A man favoured by fortune,
educate.A fosterer, ." J 11.- L _->=- Us .v7i//i ///!.. For
rabbi.
nejes ; (abomin
tune (possessions), ,JU mal (pi. Foul (dirty),
makruh,
i^J> karih ;
amw&l), jj risk (plur.
able),
arzdi). To tell fortunes,
(wicked),
i^> shaki,
Fortune, *_
FOU
540
v-J kiifaft,
FOU
Founded, jy**s* ma-Milr,

muassas.
(not legal),
Well-founded (true),
(gross, corrupted),
rasikh al asds,
A foul action,
kablh.
Carnal
Foul-faced,
rasikh al buniydn.
karlh al mama-r. To fall foul (to
Founder, *. (builder), iJLj ls.nl,
reproach), /&j wabbakh ; (to come
j\*x.i mu^mar, \jH~ty* muassis;
to blows), \jij\*ij taddrabH.
(one from whom anything origi

nates), Jw* in 'i liiH..
To
run foul (to dash together, as
Foul, . iju.=f najjas.
ships, etc.) !^*oLu tasadmu.
Founder, v. (sink as a ship), jj^c

gharrak.
Fouled, (j^f^ mwMJjag.
Foundry, *. ^ \---t masbak.
Foulness, iLAssrnajdsat, -f*j wasakh ;
Foundling, s. I^.JLi likit.
(villany), Aa-Ls kalahat, &j\LS>
Fountain, s. (jis âyn (plur. ^^sj-~ manba^, c ^.jo
thaJc&wat, &\J* shandtat.

Found (jBflr<.o/'find))Jr>-^ matcj&d.
(plur. j-jliJ yanabr^ );
Found (lay a foundation, etc.), _Jj
(a jet or spout of water), ^l^jli
(jygLiD! wadaâl asas, û-:\ assas ;
ghaderwdn ; (original, first cause),
(to build), ^J lana',j*. Dammar ;
Jo\ ds^
(to establish), t-^^J natal.
tnubdd.
Foundation, t. ^L~o bunydn, J.^1

al, ,-jl_~^ assas.
'-li- mansha, Ly..

The fountain of life,
iLs'l^^c ây r?Z hayah.
From the Four, ijj^ arlaât.
foundation, ^wL-^^j-* min al
The space of
four years, ^j-i-.-.Le/ arbaât
asas. Making or laying a founda
sinln.
tion, ^wLjS!_tf ivadsi al aids.
î>!<Uj\ arbaât ashhur.
Foundations,
space of four days, ,l_>J<L*_>j!
CjL-iLol asdsdt.
The space of four months,

The
Charitable oreleemosy naryfounda-
-.ct ni/yam.
Four-square,
tions (as colleges, hospitals, etc.),
iiîi-i-./'/in-..
A four-square
t_jljji awkaf, uUUwwa- hasandt.
figure,
Foundation (origin),
ibtidd.
Four-fold,
J*el asl,
adâf.
arbaât
The four quarters of the
FRA
world, <)j
S^ al maskunat.
541
\ arbaât
Fourscore,
FRA
grance,
nafhat). To diffuse fra

* nafah.
: tamanln. Four hundred, Fragrant, Jon^ maialtar.

Jj' arba^ mayat. Four
Fragrantly, latrli fayhan.
thousand, uJUlax^l arba-ât alaf.
Frail, JU fanl,
Fourteen, ûLedjoj! arbaiat
aszatcdl,
Fourteenth.Âi j_j ^rdiu
munkasir. A frail, J--JJ
Fourth, *. _>1j rabii, <Uj|j raliât.
Frailness (frailty), Li /ad, L'.'-f
A fourth part, j-J> rKit.
/. Human frailty, s_ .-<^
Fourthly, Uj!j rabiân.
atl du^fal tablet al
Fowl, *.^-i> teyr.
bquhariyat.
Fowl, v.jjôAtâ tasayyad tuyur. Frame, . (make), j âwa?, J^j
Fowler, *. olJLtf sayyad,
waffak; (join, adapt, fit), (J-JjJ.
sayyad attuyur.
See Make, compose, form, settle,
Fox, .v. t_^Jj3 sadal (plur. t_--J Uj
contrive, plan, fabricate, invent.
.
A. fox-hunter,
Fraction, ^*ui ior.

integral numbers,
Fractions of
Frame, jljJ iawdz. Frame of

hal al TcMtir;
(a mould),
kalib; (a
border), <L-iU- Tiashiyat.
Framer, .
To set or France, AxJ Fransa.
consolidate
Franchise, alilx* muâfah. To
Fracture, v. j* kaiar.
enfranchise, a lilx*<S^Vt manahaho
Fragile,ju^* munkasir.
muâfah.
Fragility, l\y> nasakat,
Frangible. See Fragile, brittle.
^LuCS! kaliliyat al inkiidr. See Frank (liberal), w karlm,
Frailty.
sakhl ; (open, sincere),
Fragment, i. Sj kasrat.
mukhlis.
Fracture,
Icasrat.
Fragrance, t_-w.L ill, _ji fawh, Frankly (liberally), U^ leartman,

Jos. giir, iLs*-' nafhat (plur.
likol talhdwat ; (sin-
FRE
542
cerely), LaLsr* mitkhlisan, J<&*- bikol haklkat.

Frankness (generosity), * karam
sakhawat ;
,_/=l=i- 1 ikhlas.
(sincerity),
FEE
(permitted), Ji>- halal,
murakhkhas ; (open, ingenuous),
ôL> sddik; (common, public),
*
muihdrak, \^JfJ^ mushtarak.
Frantic, j*-y-u*-* musarsam,
Free, c. (set at liberty), J^\ atlak,

majnun ; (enraged), <_
(Jz\ a^tak.
[derer.
ffhadub.
Free-booter, g. See Bobber, plunFraternal,
akhawl. Fra Free-born,
hurr al <ul.
mid al Free-cost, ^ .ri-lb Itta. kharj.
ternally,
[niuwdkhat.
akhwan.
âtik (fern.
Frecdman, s.
akhioiyat,
Fraternity,
âtlkat).
Fratricide, *U-1 Jjl5 katil akhah.
Freedom,
hurrlat,
Fraud (fraudulence), j* mukr, Freely (at liberty), i
khadlât, ^J.j>J-J tazwtr,
hurrlat ; (without restraint),
iXc ghadr, Ju^ kayd.
UsJLc
ÎJlj bil tawûl rid&.
*
Fraudful, fraudulent, j\* makkar, Freeman, -^- httrr.
Fraudulently, S-i-s'V W Mlat.
Fraught (full, stored),
mashhUn ; (laden), Jj4^"*
mahmul.
[fight.
Fray. See Brawl, boil, battle, duel,
Freak, freakishness, J ----- khiy&l,
*-> . wahm.
Freakish, ^j wahml, LjJL.^
Freeze, v. <+s? jammad; (to be

frozen), Ji^srl injamad.
Freight, v. (load a ship), (J^j
<^&,.t watak markab ; to let out
a ship for hire), t-ô^JjU
kuwal markab.
Freight (cargo), &L>j waskat ; (the
price paid for shipping goods),
^)> natolun. A freighted ship,
^li:^.^ -( ^ markab mukawal.
khiyali. See Capricious, whim

French or a Frenchman, t^}^"V
sical.
Free (not a slave, at liberty), ^>s !>offi.
Awrr, j\j-\ ahrar (fern. *j_. Frenzy,
; , (guiltless),
i barl ;
The frenzy of love,
543
FEE
j'tmun al ^shl.
Frenetic.
See
PEI
guitar, etc.), L**L tnalmasat;
(fermentation of liquors), jz*=*?

Frantic.
takhmlr ; (agitation of mind),
Frequency (often happening), 's^
<~J\]a*\ idtvr&l.
ktsrat,j}jj tikrur. Frequency,
Fret, v. (make angry), v.
frequence (concourse),
jame^ katir.
ghaddab ; (to be angry),
ghedel; (to be worn), ^ V s "
Frequent, OJ^ mutaraddid,
j_j>j!l kasi.r al waku^
takatta^; (to eat away), J^l akal,
mukarrar.
lahas. To fret (aa liquors),
Frequent,.(visit often)^ri It
ikhtamar.
^^LcJJp' taraddad âla'. To be
frequent (happen often),
ghadal.
hasal amrdr kaslrat ; (to Fretfully,
Mt^trdi,
be numerous),î keser. A place
ij
li ghadabin.
ghadaban,
which one frequents, jj
Fretfulness, t_^.nr ghadal, <_J^ljj!
mahall matruk.
idtiral, jfi gham.
Frequenter, s. J>JJ^ mutaraddid Friable, (jifc Ao*A. Friability,
Frequently, <J\jjl\j\ aksar al
hashushat.
awkut, s-^ ,\^t\ amrdr kaslrat. Friar, .
Fresh (cool), J^b lurid; (green, Friction,
unfaded), xj\J taia,
tarl,
t_-vL- , ratib; (new),
(vigorous), i_$î kaicl ; (fasting), Friday,
*jU> sdyim. Fresh water (not Fried,
salt), y^-L mu halti. A fresh Friend, *.
egg, ÛfUio layda taza.
Freshen, v. (make fresh), sj\3 J^
Carnal taza, ^Ja tarra'.
Freshness, ij\)o taruwat; (coolness)
Jj^ lurudat.
Fret, . (on the finger board of a
muTMu. An old friend,

.v.' o.; s..T ,'-'/( kadim. A dear friend,
544
Fill
J-)J_c y_ --*- Lo sahib âslz. A false

friend, tjj^t~
FBI
ul muhabbat.
Frigid in constitu
tion, \jA\iJj\j barid al mizaj.
Friendless, ^-^sr* muhtaj,

Frigidity, frigidness (want of heat),
ifJ.J burudat ; (want of affec
muffis. See Destitute, helpless,
tion),
lUjy^-tAg âdammuhabbat i
poor, wretched.
Friendly, <Us"V bimuhabbat, J^J
Sj'ioZ sadakat, 6**:'fJ&J
(frigidity of constitution), s tyr?

''+' bw&dat al miiaj.
Frigidly (coldly), Jjj J^fej bikol
suhbat.
Friendship, aLs^ mvhabbat, J^

mmcaddat, i&\J~e sadakat. Inti
burudat; (unaffectionately), (^t

<Ls.'*-!Ji min ghayr muhabbat;
mate friendship, iJI w?/a<, jW1!
(impotently), iyi . r,lK min

ghayr kawat.
itlihud.
Mutual and sincere
friendship,
musadakat,
mukhalasat, <L-_^:'*
mutiabbat mushtarakat,
mueafat,
'
muhabbaf haklhat.
Frigate, *. <Ul^Ji>rJ freg&ta.
Fright, (_j ^ff!Z, i_J^s- khawf.
Frighten, t. uJjii khawwaj,
b. See Terrify. Frightened,
mukhawwaf.
Frightful, (_jj_s:-* mukhuf.
frightful figure,
Fringe,
kashkash.
The
fringes of a head-dress (also
round garments), tuliLs~'a;'aidf.
Fringe, .CuUls-1uLf carnal lajdkat.

Fringed, (J^** musajjak.
Frippery (old clothes), Jx-iM^&hawayej tutak.
Frisk, ). '' t>att,jis kamaz,
Friskiness, *Uu5j1 ibtisam, U-1'
ibtihaj, ji farah. See Gaiety,
liveliness.
[mair&r.
Frisky, (jLa-î farhan,
muMl.
Frith, s. (of the sea), jîji
Frightfully,
See Straits.
Fritter, . JJL*^..^^ .<ij~"'
bikol khaiefin wa irti^&sh

Frightfulness,
Fritter, . See Mince, crumble.
Frigid (without warmth), Jj\) barid; Frivolous, ^yjtL 4Zd w

( unaffectionate)<Uj^w \ *J J
Ja<7.
Frivolousness, a,H li j
FRO
545
butl&n.
Frivolously,
batil.
[ashsha^r.
Frizzle, v. ^*-iJlcL/j*^ ka^wak
Frock, s. c}\jifraL
Frog, . ic jLrf dafdaia (plur. i jlLe
FRO
remote ancestry, ^.^-s^-^c. L_l .
abbtm ân jiddin. From day to
day, fgiflpjitf* My" *&*'
yawm. From above, (s _j^
mi /<w. From below, ^K*
Li-osr1 '; <M. From without,

Frolic, . J^ az/t, pC^J tahrlj;
jlil^j-* tnwi alkh&rij. From
(frolicsome), ,p.,*u-j bashush,
within, !^~\^î min dakhiL
t^-js?^* muskhin, ^~ muharrij.
From afar, JuJO** m
From, ^ j_a,
w*n. From Front, . (forehead, y. .),
me, ^y^-c !, .^ '!.
jabin, d^j>- jabhat. The front or
From thee, t_~< minnak, Llî
fore part (of anything), /!A_J
From him, <li^ rninaho,
kudum. The front of an army,
:fi/-,iii/i::. From her, U
l^jL_*_sr'A_*ijJL^ mukaddamat
-,j'.iih<'i. From us,
ajfaysh, ji*uJI,!jij i.udam al
IL minnd, vie ,.uinni.
From
you, *xi^ min/cum,

From them, ,*f^ minhum,
-'iH/'Hii/. From another,
i! ghayraho. From all antiquity,
..jjkii^^ mtn kadlm. From all
eternity, Jj^l^j-/* m* alazal.
âtkar. The front of a building,

i^l**!l<*j-j wq;'A o? îmarat. In
the front, J-'UU muMlil, *ljj'
kudam. In front and rear, (j*
i_aL>-j,*l>X) mm Jiudam tea Jchalf.
Having a bold front (impudent),
fa wakih. Front to front, Jjla-

mukubil.
jni'w a7 iltidd,. From top to Front, v. (confront, oppose), ,Jjlj
bottom, (.^JLnHîjuu^Mjj^ IM
Iciibal. To stand in front, duo
rra 7a' aZ : /:'''. From infancy,
ka<,ad mukalil.
mtn attifuliyat. Frontier, *. s>- had (plur. J^Jc>hudud). Beyond the frontiers,
From that time,
mtn ;.7'/;'/{: azzaman. From morn
t>jAk.lUj ward al hudud.
ing till evening, L^l Jl-LJI^ Frontispiece, s. t_jUU|jJi Itudum
MIM asiab&Jt ila' almasS. From
al bab, >J\^JL.}^^S^-J wafh al
From the beginning, Ijcjj!!^.^
FEU
546
FKC
^tmarat. Tho frontispiece, title, Fruit (product of a tree, etc.),

samarat, Û f&kihat
etc. to a book or letter (which in
(plur. t$\jfawaki) ; (advantage),
tlie East are in general highly
_^' ii'.'f-., ;_'-' U fuyidat,
ornamented), ^j - r ânwan,
<JJ>-Ljk> dlbajai.
manfatat (plur. ^_iL

ittifadaf. Fruits,
Frontlet, .
ajjdbln. A frontstall (of a bridle),
Fruitage (fruits of various kinds),
JîU bushhtk. See Headstall.
mutanawwiât.
Frost, ju
j_i c Lw
Froth, Sjj rayhwat. The froth or Fruiterer, .
fawdki.
scum which runs over a boiling
Fruitful,
pot, <L-lil> ta/dhat.
Fruitfully,
Froward, i^-J^di ghadub,
mutkallib, iX.v r. itinid,
sharlr.
Frowardness, \_Â ghadab,
mutmir.
\Jaulrat.
\AJ\i bi asmarin
ismdr.
Fruition,
ttnarraf, **x7
tt'./iti --..at, x_w*j' tamattUi,
takallub, *j\j raddwat,

Frown, v. (_/* âbas.
Fruitless,
Frown, s. <s^^c âbsat.
(without advantage),
Frowningly, adv. jjwj-cîLjj-jj bi
i7(J manfu-.ut,
wajhin talus.
mtumir ;
fuyidat, Jbb Jd<7. Fruitlessly,
Frozen, vX4js.V< munjamid.

Fructiferous, fruotuous, frugiferous,
asmdr,
mn
' * mwmir, jf& samir. To
dun tamarat.
[Autumn.
j\ asmaf; to bear Fruit-time, i*jujjf\ alkharlf. See
hamal asmdr.
sajarat
Fruit-tree, *.
zahid ul akl,
musmirat.
Frugally, Frustrate, v.
haram,
khayyab, J.Xi- khazal. SeoDistakatlakuf.
Frugality, J^llifjLfiiO tah&dat
appoint,defeat, baulk. Frustrated,
mahr: n, Jj jiir
ul akl, Jlocx!
FUL
547
Pry, v. JJ kola'.
Frying, s. <LLfu takliyat, ^J kail.
Frying-pan, li^f-lS t&jin, <oLL
muldiiyi, .jlJL* mukla'.
Fuddle, v. (make drunk),^LJ askar ;
(to be drunk) ^L; se&r.
Fuddled, ^)\j~> sakrun. See Drunk.
Fuel (for fire), <Lji^- hurakat.
Fugitive,
ghayr s&bat. See also Volatile,
unsteady, wandering.
Fugitive, . o;l^J fircLrl.
Deserter.
Fugitiveness, (JLjLiJ!*Afi
See
FUM
iamln. Full of wisdom,
mumtall hikmat. A
heart full of envy, Jjxc_-Jj

kulli mumtall /taxation.
The full moon, Ûo^ kamar
tamHm,j4J ladr. The full of the
moon,^4JL!'/uJ tamdm al kamar.
FuUer, t.jCa kassar. The fuUer's
art, jjLu kasarat.
Fully, i.LC!lj i/7 Mliyat,
tamaman, <LLj-jimlatan,
bittamam,
noksan.
See Wholly, totally,
entirely, directly, exactly.
Fulminate, .
iarai. Fulmination,
assabat. See Volatility, insta

bility, uncertainty.
Fulfil, v. (accomplish) +AJ tammam ; Fulminatory, fulminant,
Fulness, ib^l imtila, Jd^s tifuh;
(to fiU full), J~z
Fulfilled (completed), *^x* mutam(repletion), jwl shaba^ ; (large
ness), <U^j wasât ; (abundance),
mam; (filled full, full fraught),
^jlif mumtall.
teafrat. Fulness of flesh,
Fulfilling, part, ^f mwnll.
jasamat, . sumn.
Fulgency, fulgidity, fulgour. See Fulsome (nauseous),
nmrdi, Jj-X^x Âayr makbul,
Splendour.Fulgent, fulgid. See
Shining, glittering.
i)î makruh; (obscene), jjij^li
Full, ,.,L malun,
mumtall.
fahish.
Full, full-fed (saturated with Fulsomeness (nauseousness), x\\

meat or drink), .l^..-*. shabiiln.
ikrdh ; (obscenity), (Ju~s? fdhsh.
Full weight, yj^SlJ-*^ fc7 Fumble, v. (attempt or manage
a^ waaw. To be too full and over
awkwardly)*; Ikiî^ J^\ J^
flowing, /^ <>A. Full of flesh,
ashshy min gJtayr tkatdrat.
FUN
548
FUIl
iaa.
fungous, l*)l Ji*
[shatHrat. ("ungus, *. LS kamd.
ashihatarat.
Fumblingly, ij\ki*Jju U tadam funicular (like a rope),
mini al habl.
Fume, ,o^>-0 dukhkhan. See Fumi
Funnel,
. ,?~*-> kwrtt.
gation, smoke, vapor ; rage.
Fume, v. ..^^ dakhklian. See Fur, tjji farwat. The fur of the
martin, \y>~> satnm&r. The fur
Fumigate, smoke, dry in smoke ;
rage.
of the ermine, (_->lsa-) sinjub.
dakhkhan,
Fumigate, v.
sajak.
Furbelow, .
bakhkhar. Fumigated.^ku mu- Furbish, v. (polish)
sakal.
bakhkhar. See Perfumed.
Furbished, Jyu^ masMl,
Fumigation, ... ~^-3 tabkhir. A
mujla'. A furbisher, ^5^^* mujli.
censer for fumigations,
Furfuraneous, jy ifJ laho hwhur.
mabhkharat.
See Branny, husky, scaly.
Furmitory (herb), _.
Furious (mad), ^^-i-s-* majnun ;
Function (office), iLJc>- khidmat,
(enraged), t_jîc gkadilb.
t_---t mansab; (performance),
Furiously, ^y-^-Ji.' Jj'io/ junun,
Juf Carnal', (power),
<_..yjA|Jî bikol ghadab.
ijtXi kudrat, &^J\-i kdbiliyat. See
Furiousness (madness), ^^9-yuntZw,
Faculty, duty.
[rus
(rage), i_ î* ghadab.
Fund (stock, capital),
Fundament, (ju\J\ aedt; (backside), Furl, . (a sail) cyxllj /a a/
kidut, c ;V î_fj^* ^*!*a' aZ ^MZut.
Axi.i makâd.
Furlough . (leave of absence from
Fundamental,
Fumbler, *. i
Fundamentally, LLsl asliyan,

Funeral, s. *j\^- janazat ; (burial)
. jj dafn. A funeral oration
funeral dirge, <OJu nudbat, il
marsat. A female mourner hirei
to sing or cry at funerals, 4-J^
rtuiSyat, t&-\y nawwaha.
the army), <Ui>.j rukhsat, ij\&-\

yatat.
atun,
Furnace, *. ^ /urn,
,y3 tannur. A baker's furnace
or oven, jjij tannur, jUi1!^
/rn a? khabbat.
Furnish . (give, supply, provide),
AiUlAjJ, kaddam alaiim,
FUT
549
jahhat; (assist), AcL> sdâd; (to

prepare), j .-i - haddar ; (to
adorn), .^Jj sayyan.
GAI
z'liiin/i al HHtstakbil.
il muddri^. The
cj
future, futurity, JLiyu.il ittikbal.
Belonging to futurity, (JLfi-.il
Furnished (given, supplied, pro

iitiklall.
vided), /*jJL mukaddam ; (assist
ed), JicLuL* iniixri -.ad ; (prepared), Fy,
,*is* muhaddar; (adorned), ,.t-.j*
muzayyan ; (as a house), -.*.
tutayhfir Mil.
G,
G, in the English language, has two

Furnisher, .s. , _.C. mukaddim.
sounds; those of i^f and ... .
The
hard sound it generally retains be
Furniture, ^Zjifarsh. Household
fore a, o, ti ; as garment, governor, gum.
furniture, ^-^.JlCjUl asdsalbayt. , It is rarely soft ; ae gaol. Before < and
(is often soft; as in gem, ginger; and
Furrier, s. \,ifarrd.
often hard, as in get, give. When com
Furrow, s. li?- /7<//.
bined with h, it has sometimes the
irregular sound off; as in rough, tough,
Furrow, . Sj^k>- J^ ^tma? I'/n'/at.
(ruff, tuff}, the sound being at other
times entirely lost ; as in though, through,
Further, furthermore, etc., Jjol
(tho', thro").
oJtarf. See Farther.
Gabble,
wat teat.
Furuncle, .o~ habbat, <LLJ dumlat.
Gabble, *jjjj " tecuat.
Fury (madness), yî-r*- funun ;
Gabion, . (basket filled with earth),
(rage), L-.-.'ir ghadab.
<_>l^jJ-.JJ zanbll turdb.
Furze, J>- hadd.
Gabriel, Jjl<r^>- jabrayil.
Fuse, v. h_*<x~i takdb, L_^ - ''.
Fusible, fusile, y_ -(' yunsakib.
Gad, v.j\J dar.
[alfim.
Gag,
.
hat
Fusibility, <_>l*j! insikub, io^J
Gage, s.
rahn. See Pledge,
pawn.
[rur.
Fustian (bombast), (j^^^K Aa/dw Gage, . yjfcj raAan.
muskhin.
\rna^.n<f , Gaiety, gayness, -.^j farah, jjj~>
Futile, Jlki iad?, v_5i*î> i(7 sayahdn.
Fusion, i_-i_- -..-!.', v_ô . -V iadwil.
Future, J .A.-..>u< muttakbil. The Gain, ^JJJ tw/^, A*AX manfaât

(plur. ^
_TV. ^
future tense of a verb, Û;
GAL
550
Xili fayidat, *<j rabh,

i maksab, UjUu^l iktisab.
Gain, v. *T.j rebeh, i_.iX keteb.
Gained, t_JyjL maJcarib.
Gainer, *. ^-4:.:- muntaft^,
kasban,
c__~--li
Gainful, JL.X.J mufld,

Gainless, ajolsL iZd fayidat.
Gainsay, f. iilli- khslaf,
nfiTcad.,^1 nakar, wJ^s^J^
likhlaf, ^joj^- iirad.
,
Gainsayer, .
See Adversary,
opponent.
Gainst, Jws <Z(W(f. Seo Against.
Gait (walk, air in walking), f y
,,jlu*!\ w'^ a/ IMShi.
Galangal (a medicinal root),
ÎsCUjri- kholinfdn.
Galaxy, s. (milky way), U*U1,\
vmm assamS.
[washk.
Galbanum (gum), JîyliJ kan&
Gale, *. (of wind), IjJS hawd, *--uJ
GAM
sahib adab, li\Ja\^ô-\-a siihib
zarafat; (high-spirited, courage
ous, generous), ^sr-1 shiy'd^,
fatal.
Gallant, . (gay, splendid man),
iit Jo zarl/, ,
Gallantly (gaily, splendidly),
Li'\>bikol8haamat; (generously)
//Jio bikol karam. Gallantry
(splendour of appearance), li\Jlo
zarafat, <&\jj nazSkat ; (noble
ness of mind), J^-c ghlrat ; (de
bauchery), i^fi shahwat.
Galled (excoriated),
(vexed), ^V"^
Gallery, *. jljy rawak, ^y\ aywan,
^f manuha', u\j*>~>\ uttuwan.
Galimatia, îxîiJUAK kaldm
malaho ma^na' .
Gallipot, . ,-jV^r* martabdn.
Gallop, v. fj ramah. To gallop a
horse, uLak-\ jL sdk al hisdn.
Gallop, 8. <ts-*j ramha.

naftm.
Galiot, s. (a kind of swift sailing Galloper, . f*\j rdmih.
Gallows, (&:*..* mashnaka. Deserv
ship), b)!^ galiot.
ing the gallows, lUut'ti.+Mj^W*
Gall (bile),!^ safra,'ij\j* mararat.
Gallant (gay, showy, well dressed),
mustahik al mashnaka.
L_il* mulallaf, -&>.j0 zarlf; Gambler. See Gamester, cheat.
(magnificent), i^laei^-fc-L* sdhil Gambol, v. See Dance, frisk, frolic.
Game (sport), c_~*J l^b ; (animals
; (polite),
OAR
hunted), <\~> sayd.
551
To make
game of, o'^->! istahza'.
Gardener, 8. ,Jb^j btutdnl,

Gargarism or gargle, . Sjf-jZ glw-
Game, f. jUJLll_Jc.-^l leêb bil

kimur.
GAB
[alla^b.
dlk
Game cock, s.
gharat.
To gargarize or gargle
(wash the mouth with medicated

liquors), jZJ& taghar ghar.
Gamekeeper, .
Garland, . jlW Mil.

Garlic, *jj turn. A cloreof garlic,
Gamester, s. ^LJi_^.*J la^tb kimdr.
,*y ^.jî sin turn, jj(ju\j ras turn.
atsayd.
Gaming, s.jUjL!!L_-v! la^b al kimdr.
Garment, (juuU libds, (^*J libs. An
Gander, .j>Jjj waz
old or tattered garment, <J!J.^c
Gang, i. Xj*\ tumrat.
âtayik.
Mourning garments,
Gangrene, <d! akiU.

Gaol, s. (j*~>- habi,
/.
Confined to a gaol,
mahbus.
Garner, jLi! anbar.
See Granary.
Garnet, s. J*l fod.
See Euby.
\jNyjan.
Garnish, .*lai nasaam, ^J zayyam.
Gaoler, s. (jwL- habbds,

See Decorate, adorn, embellish ;
Gap, t. <j-ii ihak.
also to fetter.Garnish, garniture,
Gape, v. (yawn), t_>jliJ tasdwab ;
(to open in fissures), Jî> Aa.
Gaper, . (one who opens his mouth),
<_-.'i^ mutsdtcib.
Garb, (jwUl /Ja, *jll? tdkim.
\
Gurbaffe, ,*J .1.^-^.^.*. o ^ cctfs/Mit
See Ornament, decoration.Gar

niture. See Furniture.
Garrison, s. (fortification), <S_*l3
Jialât, (.âs>~
him.
Garrison
soldiers, the garrison of any

fortified place, <u)JiJ!jil aM al
masdrin; (oifals), <L:li Icundsat.
kalât.
See Kubbiah, refuse, ofial.
garrison, AuJjU \\3j\a ddbit alkalât
Garble, . (Ji/* gharbal.
The commander of a
Garrison, v.
Garbler, . Jb^c ghirb&l.

Garden, s. ^,^0 bustun.
The gar
Garrulity.
See Loquacity, prate.
den of Eden or paradise, j-jjOêJl
Garrulous. SeeTalkative, loquacious.
itlfnnlii'i-f.
Garter, . jLILbj ribat auak. To
A garden house or
villa, L-gM3. masyaf.
garter, <5jLkij ralat tOkaho.
GAU
GEN
552
Gash, s. See Wound, scar, cicatrice.

Gash, v. _/> jarah. See "Wound,
cut.
Gasp, i. (j*J~> tanaffus, ^**AJ nafas.
tamai, kiyas al barntll.

Gaunt, i_%*J rffljj/. See Thin'
meagre, lean.
The last gasp, (^^^RJî-l akhar Gauntlet, s. Ja As- i_Jy kufuffiadid.
nafas.
Gay (merry), S?y*^ mabsut,
Gate, *. iA> lab; (gate, gateway,
bub addar. Gaze, t>. ^lii wazar. A gaze, ;
or court),
The gate of a castle or town,
<L*_L_L-Mt_jLj bab al kalât.
An open gate, _^_i_s<t_j\_.'
tab ma/ink. The Caspian gates,
t_>ljj!llc_)U bub al abwdb. The
folding-doors (aho side-posts) of
a gate), ^s\fO^ misrdîn. One
half of a folding gate, f]/-3*
To knock at a gate,
al bab. To shut a
>LJ! JJ <
gate, c-jUljiLc gkalak al bab.
To open a gate, <_->Ul,-Ai fatdh
nazrat. A gazer.^ljU waz*V.

Gear. See Furniture, harness, stuff.
Geese, ti->)j_j >0sz<J.
Geld, . ^ts^ khasa'.
Gelding, *. \J*J,<* kidlsh.
Gelt,
rfi^* mukhil,
Jehatl.
Gem, tfifr JQwharat (plur.

jawahar). A polisher of gems,
cp^j&f*- jawharjt.
Adorned
with gems, rfcjjsr* WHyawhar,

v-*>j* muratsa^.
To gem, or
adorn with gems,

The gem or bud of a tree,
al bab.
Gather, ^.(accumulate) *-*>-jama^;
s.ayn (plnr.
(to come together, to be accumu
lated), -*jsrl injama^. To gather Geminate, v. See Double.
Gemini (constellation), \jjS\-ji
flowers, .fej i_cVi i afe/ zaAr.
burj ajjaww, \jj-'\ aj/atcza.
Gatherer, . fc_il?lj katif, j-ÛGammeous, ^toj-s'l J~i misl al
Gaudily,
Gaudiness,
jawfiar.
J bikol za-rafat.
zarafat, jj zlnat. Gender, _
A/; (in grammar),
Gaudy,
Gauge, v. (a barrel, etc.
Of the masculine gender,
*j
553
GEN
muzakkar. Of the feminine gender,

v^.''. mil-annas,
[cause.
GEN
out exception or specification),
l'.*'...i\ib /""A? istisna,
min ghayr ta-^yin.
Gender, v. See Engender, produce,

Generalness, tj& kasrat ; (gener
Genealogical, ,w nasabl.
ality), *^f -.,",.; H ,,r.
Genealogist, i__>LLj nastab.
Genealogy, J^J n*/, ,_--.' //c .,// Generate, /-. C^jJ; wuldat. See
cause, create, propagate.
(plur. (__)luJ\ Hii >t!i\ _L;' Oj
Generated, Aj^y niaiclud, jJ^
muwallid, ^fry* mawjud. See
General (common), *^f ûmum, *U
Produced.
Generation (begetting), Jul^j tawlld,
(summary), J-*^=" mujmal.
tiflj waladat ; (race), J-c! a*/
General, . ^\j^- general,
(plur. jj! uO, t-.-'^J nasab
rays ajjunud,
(plur. clujl ansdb), *'--
kayed ajjauh, Lj^s*\f**\ amir
kabllat (plur. JjLJ kabdyil],
ajjalth.
(progeny, J-*j Z (plur. ,
Generalship (office),
tuuat), ijJ zurrlat (pi. CJ _^
tcaztfat al general,
[umara.
; (an age), r&- taw (pi.
Generalissimo, *. l_i
amir al
a^sdr), j&J dahr (plur.
Generality, /.
duhur). From generation
ûmumiyat. The generality, or
to generation, ^^-^ \J\ abban
bulk of the people, *!*!! aliam,
ân jiddin.
<tW! i','-,iimmat,
Generative, generant, jJ^ muwallid.
âmmat arratiyat, JJM\.
Generator, -v'. walid, _\!^.. muûwdm annas.
wallid.
Generally (universally), L^f
Generetic, generical, (-uî>- jinsi,
man, tj&kafatan, <Llc ^d
A generic noun or name, .,-'
<ulX!b /'// kittiyat, ._'..*<
btj^^^jyijpl MW aljins.
jumlat, <t_Lj>- jumlatan
Genorically, L.u:..->- jinsiyan.
(plur. J_yfll tMfiO.
JiJUff^l
c /' / /''('/.:.
*.-*,
Generosity (generousness), A^
karam, li-1 sakha, ijls-! tikhawat,
:*j.--'' -t :/!', fi f I'lisirnf,; (with4j&- jiid, itJjs>- judat.
bitcajh al ûmum ; (frequently),
GEN
554
GEO
Gentle (soft, tame, mild), , J..i

karim,
mutakwrrim. Generous actions,
/;'-C makdrim. Generously,
well-born,
<rv//, L --"f^1 tin/ill.
Gentleman, . c_c_iî iharif. Gen

sakMwat.
Genesis, ^^0. See Generation.
tlemanly, gentlemanlike,
k_i; y-i />/ waj/tin sharif.
(the first book of Moses),
,^.>y<J! f<2i al takwln.
Gentleness (of birth). See Gen
Genitive (case, sign of),
tility.(softness of manners),
i J1 -.".V-.
idafat. A noun in the genitive
case, tU!!i_sLi-i mudiif ilayhi. Gentlewoman, *. ^yli- Jehatun.
A noun governing' a genitive <jase, Gently (tenderly, meekly), JiiLi)tji.j
i_Li mudiif.
Genius, tj~j> slrat, -^j-* mizaj,
////it.-/ ; (mental faculties),
likol shafakat; (smoothly, with
out violence), \&>n)j rawaydan,

1L. maMan,
[teal ashraf.
mahlatin.
ala-.yCin
idrak,
zakawat. Gentry,
ruka^. Soc
A genius (man of superior abili Genuflexion,
Kneeling, adoration.
ties), ul/!jJ\
Genuine, (îJLi- khiilis,
.^j zafo.
zorz/,
sahlh. See Pure, neat, true.
Gfenteel, t_c,.y
L_>jli_^^Ls sahib adab,
Genuineness, ^j>^>- khul&t, tLsf
^'-Jluj' M////// tnsaniyat.
sahhut.
[Kind.
Genus, (j^>- jins, c y naw-^. See
GenteeUy, ^j
Geodassia (measuring surfaces),
Genteelncss, A^l'3 nasuikat,
fii/i'iftit, ''p zara/at, -'
4-Lu**]!.Lc -,il1,1 al mu&ahat.
See Elegance.
Gentian (plant), ULkxs>-/e
Gentile (Pagan), j-ijj watanl
Gentility (of birth), J*! /,
sharaf.
Geographer, JiU^lL:^ Jchattat al

bilad.
[ratn al bildd.
Geographical, JÛl *-j n_/r=C yukhut
Geography, ^jft+^j rasm alard,
GET
555
GIF
Geomancer, . J^j rammal. See Getting, part. Jîsr* muhcusil. See

Fortune-teller.Geomancy,
Acquisition, gain, profit.
Gewga-w, . See Bauble, toy, trifle.
jj^ll îlm arraml.
Ghastliness
(paleness), ,\La safar.
Geometer, geometrician, s
muhandis, ^jl'w* massdh al Ghastly (pale),îtfK musfor, jiu>\
asfar.
ard, _uL massah.
VI I
I *
Geometral, geometrical, geometric, Ghost, *. JLi khayal (pi. CJ^Li.

khayaldt). The Holy Ghost, -jy
handati, iLjJkxa handaal kudos. To give
siyat.
np the ghost,
Geometry, <L>JCJfc handatat, Ac
arratoh.
handasat.
Ghostliness,
roMniyat.
George, \js>-f^ Georges.
Ghostly,
rohani,
Georgia (province), ^ "-fjj ^
2Tur;V*W.
Giant, .
(plur.
Georgian, ^TJ^ Kurjl.
ijôÛc âfurlt)
Germinate, v. (j^- âyyan, t^-wJ Gibberish, LLc
See Jargon.
naiat. See Sprout, bud, shoot.
Gibe, *. \jp
^_
Gesticulate, v. .^j wama'

Carnal harakat.
kalam istiJaa.
Gibe, v. c~>l istahza'.
[ihm&l.
a- harakat (plur. Giddily (carelessly), JLj!>l_j J

harakat).
Giddiness (vertigo), dil-jJ dawkha ;
(inconstancy), c^LJ,
Get, c. (acquire), ,J-a. hattal; (to
beget), jj-iuj tana&al. To get
sabat; (carelessness),
over (overcome), i_ J.r ghalab.
Jl^l ihmdl. To be seized with
To get (or cross) over,^c
a giddiness, _:!j dakh.
mar. To get up (from a seat), Giddy, giddy-brained, giddy-headed,
,lj
To get acquainted,
duyikh; (inconstant),
Gesture,
To get by heart,
iarar; (careless),
JiU gMJil.
taâllam tan ghuyib.
Gift, *. Uis
.oia,
Uj| j'wdw
GIN
556
GIV
hidiyat, Gingle, (. A'.Vr.lp tantanat,

mawhabat (plur.
tanln.
mawahib). A magnificent present, Gipsy, *. bljy* kurbat,jjj nawar.
.^.-l;;, .<jo hidiyat âzimat. A Giraffe, ^jj zurafa.
small gift, 4_BJL.->JJfc hidiyat Gird, v. (surround), LU-I ahat.
khafifat ; (faculty, power), i'jj Gird, . it<JJl_j tawbikh azximmat. See Twitch, pang.
kuteat, *jjJ kudrat,j\ JcJil iktidar,
i:'_' Mbiliyat.
Girded," girt,
mashmul,
Gig, *. (thing whirled round in
mujihasir,
muhat.
a U .
play), ...'_ dawamat.
Girdle, *.
kamar,
Gigantic, c^yullji** î> thy mis!
at iafrlt.
[dehek.
Giggle, p. **u-o tabassam, LLXs^1
Giggler, . tljCrÛi f '.;/.'/. _^ ,
mutabassim.
Gild, .
Gilded, , c
Gilder, *. J mutalll.
M*
mantakat, J^j zunndr. The

celestial girdle (the zodiac),
. .-.'^_1' j-.^_^.. mantakat sat
at buruj.
Girl, . iJ-^ 8abiyat,jj birk, >^--i.'
i*<, Jjij Ja<uZ. See Virgin,
maid, maiden, daughter.
A
marriageahlc girl, <5_xJljcîJ
fo' b&lighat. A slave girl,ijlsjariyat (plur. cj^Wr jaicarl).
Gilding, ya^. ^JUs <fi- Gilding,

t.!U*t7<i.
Gillyflower,
i Icurtmfal.
Girlish, L^îJl^Ji,* mislalbint
Gimlet, . i.
maskdb.
Girt, . See Gird, encircle. Girt,
Gimp, .
See Girded.
Gin, ,v. (trap), -s A-.^.. masyadat ; Girth, s. girt, ^Syi l.iiliin. See
(machine), -^^>- charkh; (spirit),
Surcingle, helt.
Give, v.
Ginger, ^^sfTj zingilll.
Gingerly, <ju\ji*\i bi ihtircLt. See
Cautiously, nicely.
Gingle, v. A-jUJb Jl*. haka' Ml
kafiyat.
I wahab,
To give a present,
_; bakhthath.
'. To give advice, ,

To give up (abandon), tl^J tarak.
To give up, give over (resign,
GIV
557
GLA
categorical answer, <_>

deliver), L: sallam. To give
tjli a^-ta' jaiodb shaft.
up, think no more of, JaA \â
Given,
v_jla*< tte', -JA-^-.
' '/a. a. i >"/:',.
To give up a
mundaji-. Given as a hostage,
town or castle, . .xL^! '*.'._ sallam
al kalât.
niarhun.
To be given,
teahhub,
mu^ti,
wuhib.
To give up the ghost,
_j^\ *L) sallam arrawh. To give

Giver, *.
possession, t.' v ' -t mallak. To
give out (proclaim, publish),
\ ashhar. To give out orders,
amar. To give out (pretend),
it-.'iUt'i. To give out (dis
tribute), .. kassam. To give
The giver of existence,.

Jjr-j! 1 wdA4 a^ teujad. The giver
of necessaries, culs-l5^L_â>^
wahib al hajat. The giver of
benefits, J'^-L^! '__'.>. tcahh&b al
an assault, --~-~ hajam. To give

into (adopt),
(to allow profit), j_aj w/j.
ofad. To give an answer, <
rt/4.
To give a denial,
Gizzard, . .J._-.s- hawsalat.
See
Crop of a bird.
Glad, gladsome, ^Layi farhfin,
\yyu~* mabsut, jjj*ust niasrur.
ankar. To give credit (believe),

OJixcl /'-.tiikitd; (to trust to),Jk*i&l
See Cheerful, exulting, contented,

happy. To be glad, -ji ferch,
i-.tamad; (to lend), â^! karad.
jujj\ ansar. To glad, make glad,
To give a blow, t-J^s dardb. To
gladden, î farrah, LUJ basnt.
give (or make) laws, ul^l^Jj Gladiator, *. <_slJLj sayyaf.
icada-, eJiardyez . To give law Gladly,
(command), *L>- hakam. To give
farahin wa haa&in wa swnr.
leave, ijU-l^Jacl :.<' ijasat.
Gladness, gladsomencss, JJTo give strength,

inbisui,
masarrat,
To give judgment,
bahjat. Sec Cheer
hakam.
farah,
To give, to understand,
fulness.
afham,
tkabbar. To give Glance, *. (of the
nazar,
A
thanks, ^.i xhakar. To give a
ijaj nazrat, Jî raw/-,
GLA
lamh al basar,
558
lamhat,
The first
ramz al
annazrat al
glance, J!
wela'.
lama^. To
Glance, v. (shine),
lamah,
glance (with the eye),
jjstj ramak.
Glancing, part. j_*5 Idmi-.. See
Flashing, glittering.
Gland, s. LjL IxtlluL
Glandulous, ,J^ ballutl.
Glans penis, j*&\fju\j rds axzakar.
Glare, v. (shine dazzlingly),
ilinvn', j*! lama^. See Shine.
Glare, L^ diyd.
Glaring, - Id
(atrocious), JUi xalim
GLO
Glazed (with glass),^jJL^ mukazzaz ;

(as linens, paper, etc.),
maskul.
Glazier, a.
Gleam, *. cbti
diyd.
Gleam, v.
dawa,'.
lama^,
See Shine.
Gleamy, gleaming, part.
Glean, v. (jJs iiwA. A gleaner,
l_^tj' kashshash.
Gleet, *. ^ji^l^liys- jarayan al
mani.
See Gonorrhosa.
Glide,
Glimmer, v.
Glimpse, . (quick flashing light),
^Ljc*! lamaidn; (a transitory
view), ^ lamh.
jaram âzim. See Crime.

Glister. See Clyster.A glister
Glass, J\J Itwaz. A glass maker,
bag or pipe, (jJ^s" mahkan.
jljj Z- ::.-. A building or frame Glitter, glister, glisten, v.
work of glass, ,J?\trj/** kasr
lama^, \2u>\ athrak, ^ barak.
zij'aji. A glass (of wine, etc.), Glitter, a glittering, ^l*^ lama^dn.
><>_j kadah sharab.
See Light, Splendor, lustre,
Glass, made of glass, glassy,
brightness.
Glittering, part, and adj. ^^
liiiiii-..
See Bright, shining,
Glaze, v. (windows, etc.), jj>
kamai. To glaze (paper, cloth,
glancing.
etc.), jjju> sakal. A shell, etc. Glitteringly, iLcL-4-J,JiLj bikol
used in glazing paper, <djLo<
lamdiiyat, (x*$ IdmiiCM.
masTcalat. A glazer of paper, Globe, *. ij* kurrat. The terrestrial
sakkal warak.
globe, L~aj}\iijQ\ al kwrat al
GLO
559
The celestial globe,

al kurrat al falakiyat,
kurrat aisamd. The
globe or orb of the moon, f>r*Aj\ Jirm al kamar.
Globular, globose, t^jj* karawl.
Globule, *. t~s*- habM.
GLO
yW (pi. .X=j-L
The most glorious God, J-id!1
^Lcj aôA jalla wa âla'. Tlie
most glorious of the most honoured
and most noble (used in address
ing great men), Oi*-L31jLa\jl
* ,'iil'l, iftikhar al amajid wal
Glomerate, v. (gather into a ball),

ak&rim. To render glorious,
>_jLJ laf.
jallal.
Gloom, gloominess, <uli? zulmat. Gloriously, ^ JL>-lj bi ylulin,
j bikol iizzat, jlscviLj bi
See Darkness,obscurity.Gloomi
iftikhar.
ness of mind, fAfl\tâ zulmat
Glory (praise, adoration),
al basar, *s. gham.
Gloomily (obscurely), jy-jj^^t
min ffhayr nur ; (with a cloudy
mind or aspect),
bikol taUlr.
Gloomy (obscure), îli muzlim.
Gloomy-minded,
takaddir.
ijlul,
Glorification,
j tasblh. [_m uiiiujjiiil.
Glorified, ^s^* mufakhkhar, Ous*'*
Glorify, p. iX*- //a MI/I/, Jus* majjad,
^^ sabbah.
^
Glorious, tî?- jalll,
(grandeur, honour), Ji?- jaldl.

a3ib- jalOlat, jsr fakhr, j\ste\
iftikhar, Ijc. îsssat. False glory,
&3 takdbbur. The glory of his
cotemporaries, ^KjUl-sr fakhr al
akran. Glory to God, lidJA^s-l
al hamd illahi. The glory of re
ligion (a title), ^j^fjis^- jalal
addln. The merchant (places)
his glory in his purse, the learned
man his glory in his writings
JL-s'ljO
(Arab, proverb), t_Ji.Xsr*/:>-U\
a ai ,y.'/';/, j^* mufakhkhar,

J_iU âzzz, Jj>-L maajad, iX.^*
majld, *_i^* mvfakhkliam ;
attajif majddhofl ktsiho walâlim
(proud), ^4^~+ mutakabbir. Most

glorious, Js^-1 ;7, JJ=^ 1^02,
majdaho fl kardriiifio. To con

tend for glory, \jOp-Lj' tamajadn. Contending for glory, adj.
GLO
560
.jri-U^* mutafukhir. To
glory in (boast or be proud of),
ykul iftakhar.
Gloss, .
-.jî shark,
<iJzr, ^Lj bayan; (a specious
interpretation),
GLU
To glow with natural heat,
tU*. ..'ijî^g^jci-l akhzataho
al harurat at tabiîyat.
Glow (shining heat), *;!/>- hararat,
(vehemence of passion), <U^jhamiyat, i_-ai ghadab ; (ardour,
zeal), i;]^ hararat, iûi ghayrat ;
(brightness of colour), ^^1! I <>! Jk>hadakat al lawn. A glowing coal,
Gloss, v. (comment), j2* sharah.

Glossary, *. (interpretation of
>j*&- j'amrat (plur. cu^pwords), <U_!<_!ls kitab loghat.
j'amrat). See Live coal (under
Glossiness, 5L>- jila, ib>- jilwat.
coal).
To give a glossiness to paper, Glow-worm, *. iô-La- hal&hib.
JJLs Kulnl. To give a glossiness Gloze, . Flatter, gloss, comment.
Glue, \jL ghara. See Isinglass,
to cloth, (Jju> sakal.
cement, size.
Glue,
v. t_fj^. gharra'.
\_makiik,
j**Li mufassir. A glosser, Jl^Li
Glued, 3jx* mugharra1, ^)d~*
sakkal.
Glossy, ^~sf* mujli, JyLa* maskul. Gluer, *. (_Sj** mugharrl.
Glut, v. (saturate, satiate), %-~Z>\
See Polished, smooth, shining.
ashba^; (to swallow), _lj bala^;
Glove, *. i_ kaf (plur. (_Jyi
Glossographer, glosser, glossator, .
(to overstock), >i\ \ zdd.

kufuf). A falconer's glove (on
which the hawk perches), \_*( Glut, *. (redundancy), *jbj ziySdat,
J ',.._! ' kaf assayyud.
(ja~-i fayd, ^Li-J fayadan ;
(satiety), t-~i shaba^; (obstruc
Glover, . i__jiScLXj bayy&i kufuf.
Glout, v. (look sullen), t^^c- idbas.
tion), Jwi sadd.
Glow, v. (be hot), ^fsr1 sakhati ; (to Glutinous, gluey, ^J rfj'ic/t. Sec
Viscous, tenacious.
be bright), ^ larna-^. To glow
with anger, k^vii gliedtb. To Glutinously, ^_*JJo lidalak.
glow with zeal w courage, &j j,i- 1 Glutiuousness, ^JJJ dabak.
-"v--^;^>-' akhzataho ntir alghayrut. (ilutlon, *. Jl^l oWd7.
561
GO
Gluttonous,
sharahat.
Gluttonously,
JJfcl-ii k
Gluttony, j_-*_i?
sharahat.
Gnash, v. (the teeth),
GOD
- '-
sahib Goad, . ,'-*.-* mihmuz. To goad,

laghaz bil mihmas.
[sharHhat.
J_j bikol Goal, s. (any place of destination),
i
J^-^JL^-nj^s^l al mahall al
c., L-alî
maks&d. The end to which a

design tends, Jj*3JLtl\ljiu\ al
gluirad al maksud.
Gnat, . (small fly),
j. baûdat,
c.
Goat, s. (the goat species), jx*
<Llxj barohashat.
maiz.
A he goat, (j>~3 inys
Gnomon (hand or pin of a watch or
(plur. tjMyj tuyHa). A she goat,
mugat.
A goat herd,
Go, v. \j rah, c-^viO zahab. To
a^l al mag.
go a walking for recreation, j\ J Gobbet, gob, . . <uJLl lukmat (plur.
dar. To go on foot, ^yiU-^
JLl lukam), <Uto- !>nf,i,i/ (plur.
rah mtiihl. To go on horseback,
(jyLte- hafnai). To gobbet,
k-r*^l>rb r"^ r"^- To go
gobble, JiJ lakam.
amblingly, ^)&j rahtoan. To go
Go-between, . illlj dalldlat.
a hunting, iX.^!]\j riih Ul sayd. Goblet, . _Jki /;><!,th.
To go fast, Jf*M istag'il. To Goblin, . J Li- Tchay&l,
[asnanaho.
i sarr
go one after another, jh-^!1!^.1L

êe Demon, fairy,
j^HlAfo ruhu al wuhid la^d al
elf, phantom.
akhar. To go to the necessary, God, <OJ! o#A. The following are
l j-il? teloL ila' al kharij.
among his numerous attributes :
To go aside (deviate from the
rabb ul idlamln,
right way), Jj dull. To go on
arrahman, /--jJl orra(make an attack), +JS* hajam.
v; /, ,y( ul wujud,
To go out (upon an expedition),
^ wa/iib vl amdl. God
^LJl^Lc*^ ;azam tola' Msafar.
the most high, most blessed, most
To go out (to be extinguished),
^jilu 1 intafa' . To go through (to
suffer, undergo), JUk=T tahammal.
glorious, etc., Ûi'iJJl allah

tatala',
tabarak tea taiillo" .
allah
GOD
562
JUjj alhak subhanaho wa taâla',

alhak jal wa tald,
allah takaddas
wa taâla', *Jl>-(Js-dLDl allah
jalla jatdlaho, L-j^jNt-jj rab til
arbub. God the creator, <jJl=M
al khalik, jU>J=MjfJl&. khalik
al Khalk. God the omnipotent,
al kadir tala'
kol shy. The just God,
al âdil. God the supreme avenger,
GOL
thanks to God, <dj j^s-l al hamdu
iUah. To swear by God, <dlb**-J>
katam lillah. By God! <U-Jlj
Mllahi. God forbid! LiUpUU
hdsha summa hasM, iiJ_l LJ j *j
nu-.uzii billahi. God God! (in
admiration), iiJl^Ltf..) subhrm
allah, <dJ!LL^b baraft allah,
<JJl<dJI allah allah. 0 God !
idJll yd allah, ^\ ilahl, ^\
allahumma. For God's sake, <d3
fflahi, ^Jt^^flsabllillahi.
jUijllVj.!^c âzzs al intitam. God

the most high king, i^_LJl Goddess, *. ^1! ilahat.
JUi-*ll al malik al mutual. The Godhead, <L$J1 ilahiyat. See Deity,
divinity.
God of worlds, ^_.-JL*J!4_^
rail ul ûlamln, etc. Blessed God ! Godlike, î ilahl. See Divine.
tabdrak allah. Blessed Godliness, tjytf takwa', \jiij tahca.
be God ! or Good God ! <JJ 1 uW;-.
See Piety.Godly, ^Lt muttakl.
subJtan allah. 0 God !
1! ilahl,
See Pious, piously.
Goer, t.
rdyih. Comers and
t_>;l) ydral. 0 God ! 0 God !
goers,
al
waridin teal sMridin.
<dJI<dJl allah allah. May the
blessing of God be upon them all, Gog and Magog,
y&juj wa miijuj.
jj^+j*- 1 * s^f- <dJ \ ^jej ridican
allah âlihim ajmagn. God knows, Goggle, v. (look asquint),
<OJ1 Jjj< yu-Jim allah. There is no
haival halaho. See Squint.
Going, part. yA madl, k_Jilo
God but God,
sahib.
7?u ffWd/j. God willing,
^\xjinshd,attahta.ula'. By God's Gold,
grace or assistance, <dllaJL*j bi
allah. Praised be God,
wire, J-j
tahab. Pure gold,

ahab khallit. Gold
Made of or covered
GOO
563
with gold wire, <Juj\* mwarkath. A mass, bar, or ingot of

gold, A-~~I sablkat (plur. (JJoL-s
sabayik). A bit or particle of
gold, <La>J tahabat. Gold and
silver,<LaJjt_^.&J zahabwafaddat.
An estate in gold and silver,
ei-^ltf JL m&l samat.
The
region of gold (the gold coast in

Africa), ^1 jSb Jt7d<Z afti'Jr. A
throne of gold, i^-ÂJJl^j-i sarZr
azzahib. Anything embroidered
or covered with gold. j^/u-îj^
wwzariasA. Adorned with gold
and gems, jr^-J' tui'si-., j-^r*
HKti-tixSlti.
Golden, i__-a> JL* muxahhab.

Gh)ldsmith, . ^.L; sdyegh. Gold
smiths, f^j-5 tuwagh and
siyaffh.
GOO
which they answer), 0 ! good
khayr. 0 ! good evening,
^*i'l yd masd al khayr. With
good faith, ^lo-.c.l.i bi i^tikadin.
With good fortune, JujiMijJLLj
bitali^ sa^td. With good man
ners, <_!jLj /)/ adttliin. Good
humoured, jljls-lj^sr* majbur
al khutir. Good natured, io.lai
kttful mashrub. A good
fjlltl/i;
(t.'LlJW
Jill ill,' III.
Good works, tijlî. khayrat.

Good qualities, a_L.^.->- i_jLgji
atosafjamllat. Good news, ii^luij
it^jlir 4/ shdrat âzlmat. To do
good, j_ij w/^, ^û**-! ahsan.
See Benefit.
Good, goodness, * r^~ khayr, &]+*
khayriat. The good and the bad,
jjiJljîM / khayr wahhar. The
i
Golgotha, b*K gholghota.

Gomorrah, *;î ghotnorra.
Gone, ,-tfL* matft,
chief good (summum bonum),

al khayr al mutlak.
Gone with child, iLl- hdmilat. Good,
khayr.
See Pregnant.
Goodness, see Good, *.
Gonorrhoea, î^Jl^li<,s^ jaryun
Goods, JU idZ(plur.
atmeal,
Good, adj. j~- khayr, (.^>~
^LJ kimash (plur.
S^4J\
~V- iiiiihli, i_,Jv!? tayytb,
akmishat),
ialih. Good morning,

khayr. Good evening, Goose, s.
; (to Gooseberry, . \^j>j guzberi.
(plur.
564
GOS
iot, gotten, (pret. pass, of get)'
Gorbellied, a gorbelly,
mnUb batnaho.
GOU
See Belly; also
Glutton.
Gore, *. (of a shift or other garment),
muktana!. See Gained ; also begot.
LiLx) banikat (pl.^liJ lanayik}; Govern, . <jwj *a

(clotted blood), ^Â.^.
LuJ rfaitf^. See Keign, rule,
jamdan. See Blood.
Gore, v. (with the horns),
shak, J^> natah.
regulate, command, direct, man

age, restrain.
See Pierce, Governable, *-*>a* nuttt^, .J>~*-*
C.
stab.
Gorge, (^L*- balk.
\-L..~\\ mumkin aldabt.
See Sub
See Throat.
missive, obedient.
To gorge.
See Glut.
governess, s. <LcU- hukimal.
Gorgeous, ^LiJl *-lic lazim ashshun.

Koverned, )ej~as madbiit,
See Splendid.
Gorgeously, <t*li&iJ*J bikol ît&nat.
Gorgeousness, lUlis. ûmnat. See
mahkum.
Government, <i~i\Jj riydsat,
hukumat, L>- hitkm, iSbl ayalat ;
Splendor, magnificence.
(state), <&L* mamlakat.
See
Gorget, *.
Empire.
hadld lil rakabat.
Gormandize, . *-i
batnaJio.
hukm fiidil.
See Gluttonize.
mandizer, ,Jl.k.t latnO.ni.
Gor
See
government, Jlii,Xs>- hukruztilim.

Exemplary justice necessary for
axsiyasat Idsimat HI riyHsat.
Gosling. *. ijz** j) teazzat saghirat.
Governor, *. ,Û- hakim (pi. *lhukam), ^\j wuli.
Gospel, . iJs^f"^
kitab ul injll,
ashsha/rlf.
Gossip, ilil* caWai.
The go
vernor of a castle, (UljLHlails'*

muhaja al kalât.
The governor
of Carmania,
Gossamer,
ashthams.
Tyrannical
government,
Glutton.
Gory, i^y*3 damawl.
(J^S
Just government, ?-
To gossip
Gourd, .
.-^'i' yaktin.
teji
GRA
565
GRA
Gracefulness, &J\Jo zarufat,

Gout, i JJ lazzat,
ta^mat,
fatf> jJUjj-/ai^ Mr"**" AMWI.
tank. See Taste.
Gout, ,
al Graceless, ^> _i sAartr, i^^j radl.
mitfasil, LL^L*!l'!j da almulnk.
See "Wicked, dissolute.
Gonty, tlJjL*!!'! J*j itfitrfd almuluk. Gracious, i_n ; Vil A'/;;/', i_Ll-l
Gown, . (woman's), ^li-i-J fat&n ;
(man's), jLiJ! AunJaz, ^1;^.
Grace (favor), JjLe tinSyat, Lvtj
mulatif, .iji ka/rlm, pj~+ mukrim,

^^~J1'^^ katlr ul ihtan, {juu
muihfik, .. ... ^ raAlw. Most

gracious, ,^1 akram,
ni^mat, <t_il_?- himayat. See
kasir ul nawal,
Assistance, help, aid, kindness.
himmat.
[luffan.
(a benefit), ,jL*=>4 t'fadn,
karaman, \ i Vi!
karam; (virtue, excel Graciously,
lence), 4\~gj fadllat, JLa salah Graciousncss,
(pardon), yLe âfu, iâi-* nzÂ- Gradation, <?-j darajat,

terfry.
farat, ^\fiz ghufrun ; (beauty,
Gradual,
^ssCj^
elegance), JlK>- jamul,
Gradually, =^JcJlj bitfadry.
latufat,
husn. A grace said at meals, Graff, *. graft, or graff stock, Jj
icâm.
U t> (?Mta. To say grace,
Graff,
v.
.<.tn-.-.i'n/.
See Ingraff.
thakar. The grace of God,
<d)l tawflk allah,
' nm/ Grain (corn), <tLi ghallat,
hubub. To sow grain, c jj
nllah. By the grace of God,
A grain of barley,^..xi<Ls>- habbat
j-Jjij it tawfik allah
sha^zr. A grain (berry, etc.),
tabula'.
w
habbat (pi. L_J^>- Auîuft),

Grace, c. ll^>- hastan, ^\ zayyan,
*
.Jaj nazam.
Graceful, i_iija zarif, t_LU fo<?/,
*l
fiabbat. A grain or bead

of a coral, ,.,l>-
J-/.:>- jamll. See Beautiful,

dignified. Gracefully, i_p.yjo Grammar, ^Ji_j^>
Wioi fe</. To walk gracefully,
JU^jJô -iix muAi likolzar&fat.
.--_!'
gJirS.mu.tlk,
j-t'fin agtarf,
A
grammar,
GEA
566
GRA
li kitab
Grange, *. Aci^ wiazraâ.
Farm.
assitrf teal nahn. A grammarian,
.iu-.dllini tarf wo, Grant, , (admit), (_L5 /ti/,
nahn. Grammatical, Jpj*> sarfl,
See
j q;<ii bil kulul, />J\j wafak ;
(to bestow), (-L=/jl anâm tola' ;

,H^m-v 1 ahsan Ua\ -_la_c
nahavfi.
Grammatically,
ala' mujil
"fc.^*"' /sî*-*-'^ anâm âla'.
annahu. To inflect, conjugate,
To grant permission, JjU>or decline grammatically, <_jye
sarraf.
[tnakhzan.
Granary, s. .
unbar, ^j^*
ridhsat.
Grand, *n- =
^ kdblr.
Grant, . >L_x_)l in-,fi>n; (con
Grandchild, *.
hafid. Grand
cession), <Ll-! ijdli't, 0&S\f+
children, jle ahfdd. A grand
ntuwdfakat, ijU^l tj'dzat, (Jî
daughter, i'jjl- hafidat.
iMiu/, Lej ?-t'rfd. See Permission.
Grandee, *. i_L<j> shartf,
Grantablc, j-y- mamnuh, i_--^>-\j
wo/V5 / ij&lat, <*--*=?f**~+
,.>',,>i!<it. Grandees,
>n un/a 11-/il> al ridd.
arbdb addawlat,
Granted, êb*** mu^ta' ; (allowed),

<;. i/fii ul malakat, i__j! _1
^ja-~* murakhklMS, jJ^.-JL*
Grandeur, * ^ <- c azmat,
mallal.
[ilayhi.
Grantee, s. <^_-_n^M^st'* mitJxan
Granter, s. ti,Lua-2!*i"'t mdnih ul
shawliat, j Jcvb-r or Ai'Sr. See
ihidn, ,--.^^* tnuhsin. See Giver.
Granulary, granulated, granulous,
Magnificence, state, sublimity.
tZ habbat
Grandfather, grandsire, s.
arkdn til taltanat,
(paternal),
; (maternal),
assaghlrat. To granulate (form
Jtf^- jadd.
into the resemblance of email
grains), Ûî-Jj, ..- J^
Grandmother, *. Hj\j nanat.
Grandson, s. jJl*. hufid,
sagfi&r.
ibn al tin ; (a daughter's son), Granule, .
habbat.
ibn al bint.
Grape, *.
tn#i. Sour or
GRA
507
GRA
unripe grapes,
hutrttm. Grate, . (rub or wear),
(to make a harsh noise),
Dried grapes, raisins, or corinths,
>_ .jtj seblb, (j*i.4.*..S kishmish.
Carnal karkaât.
mafrfd;
A grape-seller, i_^xcc\Jo bayya^ Grated (rubbed),
. Fox's grapes (nightshade),
imwhabbaL
(latticed),
A grated window,
Grapnel, *. (small anchor),
*-Jt~i ankora, saghlrat.
Grateful, v^'_/'î shakir ulnaâm;

(agreeable), c_jî^ marghub,
Grapple, grapnel,or grappling iron, a.
maklul. Gratefully, J^J
(J.v.vr- ehangal, -_lU-- khatt&f
likol shukrin wa.
(pi. i_s-lalk>. khattatlf). See
^
Hook ; a/so contest, fight, conflict.

Grapple, p. (seize), ulX*w
(to seize with a hook),
ma^ruf.
Gratefulness, i__s.yi.
ma^ru/1
See Gratitude.(plea
santness),
mafohat.
it7 Khatt&f; (to Grater, *.
rflr. See De
contend), Ijrjlij tonagîi. To Gratification,
light,
pleasure.
(reward),
*Ui!
grapple a ship, u-^^Jlj^Lc
J^s-lj t /// al martab Ml
\~>- jiz&,
ajr. See
ehangal.
Compensation.
Grasshopper, s. sJ\j^ jar&da.
_ _ sharah.
Gratify,
v.
Grasp, v. LsJ lakat, ^-/u-*^ kamash.
See Delight, please, indulge,
See Catch, seize; alto strive, en
satisfy.
croach.
Grasp (of the hand), <ULJ kabdat ; Gratis, ULs^ majilmm. To give
(possession, hold), i_Jâ_J> 1agratis, Lj>-^Lcl a^ta' jaba.
sarruf.
Gratitude,
Grass (just sprouting ahove ground),
Gratuitous,
hashuh.
Grate, *. (lattice), i'.yti sh<i-,riyat.
A fire-grate, -.. .a
mawkad.
See Fire.
./aid. Anything
one is compelled to do gra
tuitously (especially for the king),
a,s-' ivkhrah. Gratuitously
GRA
568
(without proof), J-_!jl bild

dalil, cyLJUj bila islut.
Gratuity, (xj\ in^dm.

( irave, g. j*i kalr, <OJ turbat,
Hiakbarat. A grave-digger,
GRE
shayib.
A gray-haired woman,
shaybat. Gray-haired,
shayib. A gray-beard,
^vî shaykh. See Old man.
Graze, . (feed as cattle on grass),
^yCj rc^5 ; (to feed cattle on pas

ture grounds), ^.j râ'. See
Pasture.
Grave, v. (engrave), j-dj !<'!<'., Grazier, . (feeder of cattle), (_e^\j
raî ; (a seller of cattle), cL*
\JuAJ nakash.
[wakar.
-- bayydt ghanam.
Grave (solemn), Ûjt^&-Us sdhib
Grease, ^J >/.','.'. See Fat, tallow.
Graved, graven, ^yu* mankuih.
Bear's grease, jjjxs'! *^r-> shahm
Gravel, L)^ raml, Ls- hatd, or
^j--!i haffdr al kubur. One who
digs up graves to rob the dead,
(jiSLJljj^pj sarrak al kaffan.
al khanzir.
[shahm.
^jîa-. The gravel or stone in
Grease,
.
^sr^b^j
rfoôw
Ji7
the bladder, :- =^ hastcat.
Gravely, j*J bi wakdr, **^-_>iK-* Greasy, ^-i^ mudhin.
Great, (illustrious, distinguished),
ittzlm, j~ kablr, (J-is^
Graver, *. Ûj nakkdsh ; (an en
See Grand, noble, mag
graving instrument), Jj kalam.
(i raving (sculpture),^rsJ/Ar, (jiiJ
nanimous, eminent, glorious.
(powerful), j^&r jdbbar, jjli
naksh.
[injiz&b,
kadir.
See Omnipotent. (large
Gravitation, Ju^ ma7, c-jliXsrl
of size), --:.: cazzm, rr^ hi/m;
Gravity (seriousness, solemnity),
Mir>- Jaslm. Seo Large, big,
iU..Ji haybat,j{ij wakar ; (weight),
corpulent, immense.(principal),
JjM tiki.
Gravy, iif% maraka.
^Îk* mutlak, ^>\ cull ; (great
bellied), <LLU- hdmilat; (vehe
Gray (or ash color), ^jlssLj linjdbi,
ment, violent), j--.--.\-l shadid. An
^jjL*) ramudl. Gray-eyed, ^ < ',\
iilo/ haybat.
azrak (fern. \ijj sarkd). Growing

gray (becoming old), t_,'Li> shdb.
A gray-haired man, i_-~>L_1
affair of great moment, -- muhim. Great

in number, A:.IO _<
GRE
569
ORE
Greedily (eagerly),
great misfortune, -'----'
to/ttf^.
âtlm. To become great,
tama ^,
keber. To make great, JS kab- Greediness,
See
Voracious
Ziti\jJ*
sharahat.
bar. To assume great airs, +n*J
ness, gluttony.
Causing great loss,
miuabbib darar Greedy, cLit tammS^,
lC^P- jaân al
&ffZ2ttt.
See
Voracious,
rapacious, raven
Greater, greatest, j&\ akbar, ,ixel
ous, hungry, covetous.
n, -I'm, &s"\ amjad. The greatest
admiration, > ~^f'L- ^^ <-QJob Green (in color), fO-\ akhdar;
(fresh), Jjli' taza. A green herb,
tailm.
Greatly (in a great degree, exiyai. khudrat. Greens, green
M
+
tremely), <0uj bi ghdyat, IJtfherbs, ^_-'' .' _j khadruwdt. A
jiddan; (illustriously), ^cyi
green old age, l=- Umlii. To
0
.._,:_. !.,:,Mu>%in mmhhur. See

make green, ,- kJiaddar. To
Nobly, magnanimously, gene
become green, - >-! ikhdar. A
rously. (bravely), *c
green (grassy
bikol shajdât.
saW akhdar. See Meadow.'A
Greatness (illustriousness),
green color, j^>-\^ lawn akh
sharaf, Ji^-\ ijlul, fj>
dar.
\al khadar.
(largeness of quantity, extent, Greenish, ^Lisr^^ JjU mayil tin'
number, etc.) Sj& kasrat; (dig Greenly,j\*ase?bilchaddr; (freshly),
nity), il^- jdh, &~ij* martabat,
^j bi wajhin tdta; (with
ijjJ dawlat, y_ "" ,n<'.::.,'li ;
out experience), loâf L bild
tajribat.
(power, potency), iJJ _ kuwat,
khudrat (plur.
S iJii kudrat ; (swelling pride, af- Greenness,
î>khudar}
;
(freshness),
^j
fected pomp), b^ itabriya,
taratcat.
tafcabbur, jjj& ghttrur; (famili
Greet, v. ^^Lcjuj sallum âla',(^Jj\j
arity), <U^Lz^ mtudhabat.
Greece, Aj^lloL i7drf arrum.
^1\ Mrak ila\
See Salute,
congratulate. Greeting, O^L^*
Grecian, ^jjrumfjvJUî ytotonf .
GRI
mubdrakat.
GRO
570
A greeting, <U
salum. See
muburakat,
Salute, congratulation.
toJu.
See Horribly, hideously ;
also grim.
Grey. See Gray.

Greyhound, *
Grimness,
[into. Grin, .
Ml i- Grin, 0.^^ kashshar.
tahan ;
; (to
(to pulverize), J^'
sharpen), (j~> a; (to oppress),
ilij 2a7.at. To grind ar be grind
Grind, . (J^"' s/i,
Grief, *i gham..
^.Ja- hum, ^
Grief for the absence of any
person, lju*"<- hasrat, <&ji furkat.
ing, nj-s? tahan. Any place

where they grind, <Lxsla'* mat-
To cause grief, *i gham.

Grievance, *. +&> zulm,jj&- jawr.
hanat.
Grieve, t>. (vex)
Grinder, . ^^s- tahhan ; (a back
See Afflict.(to mourn),
tooth), t_>Lj "*, ,^7ahtan.
[Afflicted.
The grinders, \jujje durus, (
Grieved, fy^* maghm&m.
See
flrfru*.
Grieving, part. *M muglium.
Grindstone, *. (.y^* musan.
Grievingly, #cjj bikol ghamin.
Gripe, t'. j-a^ âsar. See Grasp,
Grievous, * mm/hum. See Pain
seize.
ful, oppressive.
Gripe (grasp) i ' ^...- mesek. Gripes,
Grievously, *iljJw bikol zulm, Jj
yolM mughas. See Belly-ache,
. likol gham. See Painfully,
colic.
\
oppressively.
Grisly, J^* â/. See Dreadful,
Griffin, griffon, . Uuc j.aia.
horrible, hideous.
Grim, > { ^2J,
Grist, J-iJ <&M, ^râ* <a*5n.
,.jlc c. i/7; is. A grim countenance, Gristle, '; r^g ghadr&f.
Grit, J^j rawZ.
Grimace, î^ kashrat.
[See Cat.
See Gravel, sand,
mwrmu/.
Gritty,
Grizzle,
grizzly.
See Gray.
katta J.O/UM.
Grimalkin,
baka'.
Grime, v.^ tcassakh. See Begrime. Groan, v. _U woA,
Groan, *. T dA, Uo
*'
Grimly,
571
GRO
GEO
'ijij M/rat (plur.
Grossness (coarseness), aLJc^Lc gha-
J iafrdt).
Grocer, *. Jub bakkdl,jllac jrtâr,
lasat ; (unwieldy fatness), '

jasamaf, ^^-j *imn ; (want of
jjl*-! satnmum.
Grocery, ti^jlg bahSrat.
delicacy),
tarSfat.
Groin, *. J-elsM oZ khastra.

Grot, grotto, . tj
Groom, . (_/-.>*iLJ dys, _^~s tarrSj.
L_cj^ &zA/" (plur.
^yjL> ay*. A groom of the
See Cave.
bedchamber, i
- hajib. Seo Grove, . t-jl
Chamberlain.
Grovel, t>. (creep)
nakir, XjA- hufrat,
Groove,
sahaf âla' batniho.
Groove, v.
Grope, 0.
Carnal hufrat.
dasdas,
mugh&rat,
kuhuf).
ghabat.
V
Ground, ^j\ ard, jL lalad, <-r>^/

<rfij. See Earth, land, country,
region, territory.The surface of
Groper, s. (jMJk_>iX mudasdis.

the ground, ^jOj^ &>-j toajh ul ard.
Gross (thick, bulky), *-**- janm,
'l
,ukM,Jae c.nr uljism, c^*-;
*ai?. See Large, corpulent, fat.
(coarse), Ls iaid, laJx ghaliz.
See Thick, dense.(not pure),
w^ -j~ - ^ gJiayr khas,
land estate or farm), <JJ"SU!

amlak. The ground or founda
tion of anything,
(indelicate), ^J^>~\i fahtsh ; (dull,

stupid), Ji-lj Jeftrf, ^J^s-l ahmaJc.
Reason, motive.The ground or

field of battle, ^1 Ju^ mldan. To
Gross, *^(bulk or chief part), c j^s^
fall upon the ground, .J^jjj
tnajmu^, lj& kasrat; (a collective

body), ^-*=r jo,m^.
Grossly (bulkily), <LLuj>- Jw bikol
jatSmat ; (without delicacy or
good manners), <LJLcJj bilcol
ghdaiat.
,^^1 icriktii âla' ul ard.
A race ground, Î'V !rfo; (a
\tej\ibtid3; (cause),
i^. ^...i sabab, iLL_j' , wasitat. See
The
ground plan of a building, ^-^

ream ; also the vestiges of a ruined
house on the ground.Anchoring
ground for shipping, lx* mlna.
To ground or lay the foundations
572
GRO
GRU
jrowl, v. JuJiJ takamkam. See

of knowledge, 1_J\
Snarl, grumble.
asus ul iilm.
Urown,
-W-- mutakaddim, CU
Ground (part, of grind),
masntin.
urowth, ajtij ziyHdat,
Ground- plot, *. (space which a build
izdiyad, ,<>-" tarakki. See
ing occupies, UJ1 *-j^ rasm al bind.
Vegetation ; increase, advance
Grounded, ij~iy* miuusa,(juî'^t
ment, improvement.
Well grounded, J-l
Grub, p. -Ls kalai.
ail rasikh ul asus,
Grub, . (worm), jjJ dudat (plur.
r&sikh ul btwyiin,
J.J rfflrf).
rasikh ul arkan.
Grudge, v. JUJiJ takamkam. See
Groundedly, ^L-j'i_r->^j-L_jJ-c
Grumble, murmur.(to be en
<.ala' mujib al assus.
vious), i.\,.rv- hasad. See Envy.
(iroundless, i_ --~&< bila sdbdb, iu
(to be reluctant), Jixc
i^rlj lila. biiiis, Jj^lj bilct
Ground Grudge, .
dalll,
"*
lessness,
assabab.
Groundwork,
"I
adam
kac-tdaf,
bughd, JL..U.-W hasad,

See Rancour, enmity, envy, ma
lice.(censure), 1 malam ;
(reluctance),
OJp-j
taraddud,
Group, *.
dc.at. To group,
jams-*is-l ijtama^. Grouped,
^,
entertain a grudge, <*-ai.

Aa/ffz aZ bughida.
Grudgingly, jlxcjX: S'o?

Grow, . (vegetate)
juu- ^J'.-j //(/c/ hasad.
ti-wJ nabat ; (increase),
Gruel, Vjj"1 *AorJa.
i tarakkct. To cause
to grow, e^vJ rtabbat. To grow Gruff (grum), *iLs sdrim. See
in years, -jtSLjjjLLj takaddam . Austere, harsh, sour, morose.
Gruffness, <L*U_rf saramat. To
bil iomr.
look with gruffness, î^-ij-ijaj
Growing, part. .î\J n&ml ; (as a
nazar bi wajhin mu^bis.
tooth), c^-o'o nabit.
&:
578
QUA
GUI
Grumble, v. ^Jo tadammar, JUJu Guardless, ^^

ma
takamkam.
See Defenceless.
Grumbler, .
mutadammir, Guess, j^Ls
JL>- Ichayiil,
~ mutakamkim.
takhmin. By
*jj wahm,
Grumbling, . JUij takamkum.
To guess,
guess,
Guarantee, s. Jj jb/zJ (plur.
kafala), ^L^ ddmin,
(plur.
Guest, .
daniin.
To
receive or ac
duyuf),
Guaranty, v. (.^> demen, Jj kefel.
commodate a guest, i_J'-J daf.
Guard, . (sentinel, watch), lails" Guggle, v. (as a bottle when decant
muhafiz, liiL^. hafiz, (_^,L_aing, or water from a pipe),
hdru. An advanced or picket
kalkal, JjtLc ghalghal.
guard, iuJJs talipot, <LJJl JMGuidance, Ju)jt_& hidayat,
kaddamti/ (plur.
kiyadat. See Government, direc
kaddamaf}.
tion.
Guard, p. (defend),
Guide, . (for the road), ^Ûl JJj
Ao/az. To guard against,
rfafi/ al/i'f.-,' . _\_L , murshid. A
OaJ ihtazar min.
guide to the road of salvation,
Guarded, liîs-* mahfuz. See De
t^jli /"'f/c. tJ--!^!_ff'.^ -"> Aarfl
fended.(attended),
<ixx- haml. A Guideless,
guardian to orphans,
A guardian angel,
Guarding,
> wan.
Guardianship, guardship,
mtthafaiat, iLt\f>- hir&sat, <Li
himayat, -o L-. vjak&yat.
', J J rfaZ,
Guided,
mundat,
^s. ghadr. See

Guile,
Cunning, fraud, treachery.
Guileful,jl, makkiir,j\&c.ghaddar.
See Cunning, deceitful, \_ghadr.
Guileless, ,,Xc..._c^_r* min ghayr
GUM
574
Guilt, Has- khatd, *f>- jirm, J\

ism, <s>-Lj kabuhat. See Crime.
Guiltily, i^-LjJij bikol kabuhat.
GUT
The gum or resin of a pine or
juniper tree, C M >- îlk. Gum
tragacanth, tj^ katlra. Gum
sandaracha, îiJC-j similar us.
See Criminally.
[Guilt.
One lump of gum, a gum-drop,
Guiltiness, 4-L*_j kabuhat. See
samghat.
Guiltless, (ji ban. See Innocent.
Guiltlessly.
See Innocently. Gum, v. (close or fasten with gum),
4 * ,fi sammoffh, J-s wasal,
Guiltlessness. See Innocence.
Guilty, (/sr* mujrim.
Guise, ijye surat, JCi shakl, te>-j Gummy, j-âll^jl^ ji assamyh.
'"///, ^ /v'A,/,-. See Appearance, Gun, *. (cannon), ^Jj^ madfa^,
<__J
fashion, manner, mien, dress,

custom.
/f<AV/i.
<-_>yj tewJ.
To fire a gun,
Guitar, s.jî kitiir.
Gunner, *. ^f.$a tawbjl.

Gulf, . -sOir>- khallj; (abyss), <_
Gunpowder, <-^.jU burnt, ty\i
"~~\
AJS ////"'.
i
barad.
[madfa^.
Gull, t>. j
ghadar. A gull Gun-shot, *.
darbat
Xc yhadr. Gurgle, . (as water from a pipe,
(trick),
See Fraud.
[taw/fir.
a bottle when decanting),
halkum,
Gullet, .
bakbak. See Giggle.
Gulp, p.
&a&>. See Devour, Gust, . (of wind), is** nafhat.
swallow.
Gust, gusto, j;_j J
See Taste ;
Gulp, . iLi shwbat.
liking, relish.
Gum (fleshy covering of the teeth), Gut, u** j,i'.i-.ii (plur.
Idhm asmnan.
See Intestines.
Gum (vegetable substance),
Gutter, 3. t_>li)- misrab.
sumgh. Gum Arabic,
Guttle, guzzle, v. See Gormandize,
. Gum ammoniac,
drink, swallow.
washak. A Persian Guttler, guzzler, s. See Glutton,
gum used in dressing wounds, etc.
epicure, drunkard.
(sarcocolla),
- kihlfaris. Guttural (pronounced in the throat),
HAB
575
HAG
the four habitable quarters of the

halkl ; (belonging to the
globe, ^yLobÎl^j^l arrub^ al
throat, a guttural letter),
maskun.
fiarf halkl.
G-ymnastic (exercise), AcjLa* Habitation (dwelling in a place),
xikntif, ^*U\ ikuuial; (a
mtuara-.at. A gymnasium (place
place of abode), IJ^^ maskan,
for athletic exercises), ^Ju
Ûl* iiKtki'nit, j^LC* /nii/M>i, e^-o
mldan.
A gymnio (athletic'
man), c^wi/* musari*..
///. To fix a habitation, ^ v'
Gyration (turning round),
taw(Man.
dateardn. A gyre. See Circle. Habitual, J^ -. ... musta^mal,
Gyves. See Fetters. To gyve.
See Fetter.
Habituate one's- self, v.

JL
iiiii'icatl
hfilaho,
til-'I'i-'i-l/ll :il!'l'.
[relation.
H is expressed in Arabic by _ and s.

See Habit, respect,
The English alphabet having no Habitude.
simple character to express the Hack,
;. See Chop.Hacked
powers of , i, and ^t, h is
mukatta^.
subjoined to others to represent
them; as kh for ~ , gh for i , and Hackney, i. (pacing horse), ^y&j
rahwan.
for U*'
Ha ! (interjection of surprise), <dl! Had (part, of have) ; (also the
preterite), I had a book,
uJlnh.
t.'uiÂxc ana Kan it
Haberdasher, s. (vender of small
wares),
khurda.
Habit, Jjlc. t,(itlat, JrjLclj kaîdat
Hag, ^jlsr'ij^s^ c.o/z sahhura,

Sj.\~i sdhira.
chantress.
See Witch, en
(apparel), (jmil_J libas,

Haggard, haggish,
kiswat. Habit of body,
(ugly), ^.J
miztij, * 'i*! tab-. , MJs> tabliat.
Haggard (untamed),
Habitable, ^C^j yitskan. One of
See Wild.Haggardly
HAL
576
HAM
bikol
uSLs'* mahkamal ; (the principal
(deformedly), 4
room in a honse), icULM alkaât.
bashdât.
Hail, hailstone, J^ barad. isaldm. Hallelujah, Ajjlli hallelayah.
Hail (a term of salutation), j^L> Halloo, v. (to encourage hunting
dogs), j>-3S\i..-K^jpfc haunoash
Hail, 0. (JLC*LJ sallam âla1.
kaldb assayd.
Hair, ytî sha^r. One hair, Xj*-**
Hallow,
v. (jwli kaddas. See Con
sha^rat. A curling lock of hair,
secrate.Hallowed, ^wJJU mu'i&xst-jatdat. Hair of the pubes,
kaddag.
syti shi^rat.
Halo,
a. (circle round the sun or
Hair-brained, ^J^^1 *^ <rfizr,
jj~* mutahawwir, . Â=>-. wahshl.
moont), <LJU> Mlat (plur. CJ5
See Wild, rash.
Hairless, ^^js~\ ajrudl.
Hairy (very), (J)/*-1 s^
Halberd, *. f*j rumh, I __
jl iV jzri. See Battle-axe.
Halberdier, s. J^tj rnmmuh.
Halcyon. See Placid, quiet, still.
Hale. See Healthy, sound, hearty
Half, i_a.V' nasf (plur.
rt?wa/). The half of anythin;
split, ill shikkat. Half-moon
JLa A//. Half-way, 1
was/ attarlk. Half-raw
(iU-dressed meat), J nayy. To
look through half-shut eyes,
A.x-j-ciJySsJ, teZ/at ft tara,
âyniho.
Hall, . cli Auâ^ ; (of audience)
; (a court of justice)
Halt, v. (limp), ^.^ ârry'. To

cause to halt, ^~f. tarry. To
halt (stop), u_ijj wakkaf; (to
hesitate, to be irresolute), OJ^
taraddad.
Halt, halting, s. -^ crtr/. The
halt of an army, <LU1 ikiimat,
.X^jJ^jJiJJ MzuZ a? âskar.
Halter, . J->=- AaJ/. See Cord, rope.
Halve, P.
nasf.
Ham,
matJaf arriklat,
batnassdk; (the salted

leg of a hog), ^y^T jamban.
Hame, s. (horse collar). jUj zinak.
mazra-.at,
Hamlet, *.
mazarit
Hammer, . j^^ chakiij. A smith's
hammer,
matrakat.
HAN
577
HAN
Hammer, v. ^Ja tarak, jjJ dak,

ijj-i> darab. See Forge.
Hand-basket, *. Ju; J^>JJ zowia/ yad.

Hand-bell, a. ^... <.<<:ij*j^>- jaras
Hamper, *. J---.JJ zanbll (plur.

(J-jliJ zanabil), <sJLs kuffttt. See
Basket, pannier.
Hamper, v. (to embarrass), tUo-i
s/utrbatc, j$J>~ hayyar. See Per
plex, entangle.(to enchain),
/zar.
Hand, . Jo yadd (pi. ^jbl ayadl).
The right hand, ^.ÎjJ!
alyamna'. The two hands, ^
a/ yadan, jjJjJl a^ yadln. The
palm of the hand, __C ' alkaf. A
saahlr. See Small bell.

Hand-breadth, < . A^\Lo~\j rdhat
alyad.
Handed (from one to another), l*yu*
Jo| J lîXi ^ musallam min yaddin
!!' yad.
Handful, s. ^*Z kamshat, .-._-..-
kdbdat. A handful (small quan
tity), t'.î shutcayyat.
Hand gun, . i^j^^J bdrude.
Handicraft, JuH<bCM0 tanât alyad,
hirfat.
tendon of the hand, ft^jj\l!tj,j>- Handily,
habl azsirdi. To make a sign with
Handiness,
the hand, iJuj*jLi!jr Carnal
thaiarah.
ishurah bi yaddiho. To consign or Handiwork, j
shaghal al yad.
deliver into one's hands, ij-jj-;
See Manufacture.
sallam biyaddiho. Hand writing, Handkerchief, *.
mahrame.
Handle,
s.
.;
JL)L>- khatt yad. Hand in hand.
_-^ nt'sai.
ti-JJo yad biyad. From hand to
A handle (cause, pretence),
hand, Ju^^Jj^^t w yod 7a'
L_-^-J^ mujib. Without a handle
yad. The hand of a watch, clock,
-^t^J J'?d mujib.
(pretence),
Handle,
.
L_
.
or dial, &eLJ !<__>_& <.akrab
/ v- / , ^*
asiatah. Beforehand, X^l aicwalan. Handled,
mams&s.
Out of hand (presently), *U- Handless,
Handmaid, *. <tljo- khaddame.
Hand, r. (give from hand to hand), Handmill, ijâ-Uj tdhtine, t^s.***
&)\\^^j*^~i sallam mm yad
mathanc. The handle of a handila' i/ad.
mill, <JJi-lLMjo yad altajiune.
HAN
578
Handsaw, *. Jo^LltX* munshdr yad.
HAP
pended, to drag or linger), j>-'
taakhkhar, t^JHî tawakkaf. To
hang upon the neck, ^JJ U -.f
Handsel (the first money a seller

receives in a morning ; earnest),
istiftah.
To handsel,
See Embrace.
istaftah.
Hanged (strangled),
HI iti, fin a k. Deserving to be hanged,
^- jamll. See
Handsome,
^J '-'.^ 1 L-^J - ^-^t in aat awjib

Beautiful, graceful, elegant.
A handsome fortune, ^-1^; JL
aihihank.
Hanger,
. (one who suspends),
ma.1 t.nzini.
A handsome or
muâllik. A pot-hanger,
generous action, J~*^- JjJ fi^l
jamll.
Handsomely (beautifully), J> Hanging (suspended), part, and <$'.,
bikol Ii am in wa
jamal. See Elegantly, gracefully.
Hanging up, .
Hanging (strangulation),
shank.
Hanging, hangings (tapestry),
C^>blo-! bardayat. See Curtain.
sakhSwatin wakaram. See Gene

rously.
Handsomeness, ^tofjamSl, ..âAw. See Beauty, grace.
Hangman, s. j!_^- jallad. Sec
Hand writing, Jijlas- fa< yadd.
Executioner.
Handy,
i shiltir. Hanker, v. (have an inclination for),
Sec Dextrous.
jj!i^>\ ishtak, JL* mdl. See
ib- (at
Desire. A hankering, ,_).- mayl,
hand),
Adrftr {/
iLfj rughbat, j-i shawk.
maiojud, ^-^.J karll ; Hap, hap-hazard, yo iL* â</,
(performed by the hand), Jj Jjti
j'v^l1'' ittifak, OjU- hudisat,
sJiughl yad.
._^_^_' kitmat. Sec Chance,
**
Hang, v. (up), <_l-c âttak ; (to kill
accident, fortune. To hap, C,
by suspending by the neck), /^->

; (to be suspended), J^ju
.iiHul; . (to be delayed or sus
Haply (by chance), liiUj'! >'/<U-<m;

(perhaps), JjJ laâlla.
HAB
579
HAH
Hapless,^j^tu* manhv
Harass, <-. c,~_-! lawtoash,

attab. See Fatigue, vex.
mulaho lakht. See Unfortunate,
unhappy.
Harbinger, . ^jjjl-j bayshurush.
tdr,
Happen, v. J-as- Juutd, j
See Forerunner.
jê sadar, ^^c ârad,
Harbour, . (for shipping),
hadas.
I43 j (asylum),
Happily (fortunately), J
Harbour, . (shelter),
likol saûdat, - ~'_ 1.x*-) sa^dan Hard (firm, solid),
; (optea ikbalan, JLj^Jjt-iJJd likol - pressive), >x>-Vi shadid, JUi
ta^din wa ikbdl; (in a state of
felicity), -\x^~ musâd; (with
saib. See Arduous.(unfeeling),
address), ijlki Ji$o likol shatarat;
^^jU ia*l. See Insensible.
(not laboured), Jcs-^Jcs-ib i?7<2
(stingy), J-at; JaMz/. See Ava
jaddin toalajahd.
Happiness, jU> gaâdat, JUil
ricious.Hard conditions, ki.l-i)

"JJU^JlJ^-yuutc sharayet ^culrat
i^j larakat, <~.^^J naib,

<a/i^. See Felicity, pros
arraâyat. Hard to be under

stood, J-Cl. mashkal. Hard
bound, â.>c,v < munka
makbud. Hard, hard by,
perity.
Happy, <**~i s'i-,itl, J *-. w/'.s; (/,
See Prosperous. Happy tidings,

.+.,*?*. khalar khayr. A happy Harden, p. ^^Jji kawwa'. To har
omen, tl/jL^Jli /a muldrak.
den the heart,
Having a happy manner or fine
[maruar.
address, A_jLiit_^*-l_-p gdAti Hard-favored,
kanh al
jli kail
Hard-hearted,
al kalb.
Harangne, . /K Icalam,
marhamat, ^>\i kagi. See Cruel,
khitab, A.\T^ khutbat or khutbah.
merciless.
To harangue, (Ulxi-Û^c
Hard-heartedness,
arrahmat, i^Lj kasdu/at. Sec
khutbat. A haranguer,
Cruelty.
mutaJcttttarn.
HAH
580
HAR
Hardiness,
jatarat. See Harmful,
mudir. See HurtBravery, courage.(vigour),
, ful, injurious.Harmfully,
kiiwat ; (effrontery),
jj& likol darar.
haya. See Impudence.
Harmless, j^tj^L ghayr mudirr.
Hardly (with severity), <
Harmonious, harmonical, harmonic
likol saramat. See Scarcely.
(concordant), <Ujui^9~U> sahib
(with difficulty), J^>- J& likol
naghmat ; (sweet sounding), A
jahd. See Rigorously, unfavor
muldyiiu ; (well adapted), (ji\y*
ably, harshly.
.
muwafik.
Harmoniously (mu
Hardness, OjLa saldbat ; (rigidsically) <UjcJj likol naghmat.
ness), aJui> shiddat, i_o;r. tun/,
Harmoniousness, harmony, ~*.T_
(difficulty), Ajyu? Hiiibal.
Hardship, J_I- zulm, _;"-x<^'' ta-âddi,
jf>- jawr. See Oppression, in
jury.(difficulty,inconvonience),
. j ..^ suiubat.
Hardy (bold, brave), jy^^r jasur ;
(stout), ,_$y iawl.
Hare, *. *^Jjl arwai, u,-^ arunib.
Hark, v. (hearken), _-*.__' istama^.
See Listen.Hark !
Harlot, *. Lj\j zuniyat,
fdhMat, Oi&Ja fdsikat,
Ja<. See Whore.
Harm, v. jo dar, Jii zalam, jz
naghmat. Harmony (proportion)

<LsLJ\y* muwafakat, <L-)L munatalat; (concord of sentiment),
Harness (for horses, etc.)
Harp, s. (JJ^s- jani, J^c îirf.
Harpoon, s. i_il!a=>- khatiiif. To
harpoon, ._-'-'..',_.'..-. mesek
lil khattaf.
[Gun.
Harquebuss, *. Jjb barude. See
Harrow, -. <S-iL-^ maslafat.
Harrow, p. >_ol,.,.i oZ/. To harrow

ffhadr. See Injure, oppress,
up the soul (disturb the mind),
damage.
iî shawwaah albul.
Harm, â darar, <OJ^ iziyat. See
Injury, hurt, damage. (oppres Harsh (to the taste), ^ nmrr, Joawr, ,_cjjij laâddl,
sion),
hadd. Sec Sour, sharp, acrid,
f^c zulm.(fault, crime), r
pungent, salt, bitter.(in dis
taktiir. Sec Crime, wickedness.
position), JoAi shadid,
HAS
581
i ; (violent),
HAT
Hastily (in a hurry), <LLsM Ic
kahrl.
See Rigorous,
severe.
Harshness (of taste), >J^ mararat.
See Bitterness, sourness.(vio
lence), i_a'.j- ^wif,j*s*-jcibr,
Hart, >. ^\ ayal, (Jjj! aryal. See
Buck, deer.
Harvest, (Jîs-* mahsul, jl.ia.-v.
iMJidnt,
Uj .> arlt.aM ; (with vehemence
w passion), i'Xij^4Ju>- Jj iti-o/
hidatin tea thiddat.
Hastiness (passion, vehemence),
.x> shiddat, i'.X>- hiddat. See
Haste, precipitation.
Hasty, J^f^ ^0;'*^, J^s- ^.o/'f/,
In harvest (or reaping

time),
aZ
. A harvest (opportunity
or season of gain), i'jÛHii-Jj
tcakt al fayidat.
ful harvest, C
A most plenti
^> _~j arl^; (vehement, pas

sionate), __-LilL\_jA-i shadtd
attab^; (rash, precipitate),
mutahawwir.
Hat, .
barnlta.
Hatch, v. (eggs), c^ri.yj farrakhat,
mahsul t-amlm al barakdt.

fjAjJî^'.^n- hadanat bayd; (to
Hash, r.jJaJi katta^. To hash meat,
*^ faram klma. A hash,
klma.
Hassock, *. iO^-sr1 sajju.de, tj~ashasirah.
Haste, iLsr tajalat, J-jsX1 toy?/,
JL^-1! wtitjal, <ur> mr-ât.
See Hurry, speed, quickness,
celerity, nimbleness, precipita
tion.Making haste,
Haste, hasten, make haste, v.
<urat, J^K^\ itta^'al. To haste,
hasten, cause to make haste,
âjjal. A hastener,
musta^jil.
contrive),
^ fJchtara^,
[tafrik/t.
ibtada.
Hatch, . (brood of chickens), f^j&
Hatchel, v. (beat flax), ^liillj^
nafad al kuttfin.
Hatchet, s. (or axe), (j*\j fas.
Hate, v. âit) baghad. See Abhor,
detest.To hate one another,
1 .i^Lj tabdghadu.
Hate, hatred, <V&^ karahiyat,
istikrah, âit) bughd,
i'n/ri !/?, jJi. ha/id (plur.
nhbid, Jyi. /,./;,-,-/, JjUi.
hakayed). See Hatred, malignity,
detestation, enmity.
2
582
HAU
HEA
J-.JJ.M* Haunch, . N, vrirk.

mabghud, _>c Haunt, f. (frequent),
fa/a'
ghayr makbul.
See Havoc, i^ô^-isr iakhril,
Malignant, malevolent. Hate
yaghmii. See Waste, devastation.
fully, i-.ii.'JJo bikol bughdat.
To make havoc, <-rJf>- kharab.
Hateful, i*jLi
mayhdab,
See "Waste, spoil, destroy, injure.

Have, v. (possess), Axt îndaho. Haw, . (web or cataract in the eye),
Hater, *. ^â*-* mubghid.
See Hold, possess, enjoy, obtain,

receive, contain.To have con- Hawk, *. J\j bus, jLe sakr. A
sparrow hawk, ^_^y btishik.
fidence, JJi^t! i^takad. To have
doubts, i_5Ci sAai.
To have Hawk or hunt with hawks, t>.
tasayyad
malice, >.W.->- /;</*</. To have
tuyur
fll
liishik.
possession, i_J^zi' tasarraf. I
have, ,J ft. Thou hast, d$3 Hay, ^'i,,..*.!,-*- hashish (pi.
hashayisll), c-ii.r.
lak (fern. ^cl$3 fc&). He has, *)
(fern. U liha).
Ye have,
They have, *g! /(%m.
We have, Hazard (accident),

.J_\~- nudfat ; (danger),
lakum.
[Risk.
khatarfi. See
mukhuf.
*r
Haughtily, Ja*i' Jio dt/loJ <Oj.flazm, Hazard, f.

To be- Hazardous,
He, y> Au.
liave haughtily, *li*)'
ras. The head or
Head, .
jlij takabbar.
chief part ofanything, (j^j rayes.
Haughtiness, J&i takabbur, \j
The crown of the head, (_^^V^
kilriyu,
See
i'.in ni arras. A head or head man,
Arrogance, pride.
rue. Headmen (grandees),
Haughty, J&z* mittakalbir. See
l "--y-it, uJlf\ ashraf,
Proud, contemptuous.
wujuh. Head (intellect),
Having, por. *J>xs iinAaho.
JJLc ôia/, *-;.- /Aw, C/\jJ\
Haul, v. i_^sr; aî.

drag, draw.
ti^rai, _.L <aJ^, ij^J farufat.

See Understanding. (source),
See Pull,
HEA
583
Headship, <UiL_)j riydsat.
asl,
mabdu.
HEA
See Spring.To make
See
Dignity, authority.
head against, j\j kawam. To be Headsman, Sk>-jaUdd. See Exe

head and ears in love, ^.*tc
cutioner,
[ras vi lijum.
êthelc. Head and shoulders, \.a Headstall, s.(of a bridle), *\S*\IJM\J
Tcakran. See Force.From head Headstrong, heady (ungovernable),
to foot, AjJLJl^^yi^ min
^b*j~s ghayr /,////;.. Heady
arras ila' al Tcadam. The heads
(intoxicating), JMS mutter.
of a discourse, <_>liisr!Jôi Heal, p. intrans. ^JtJ^shefl; (trans.}
ftual al Tchital. To be at the
< ii shafa'. To heal dissensions,
't
head, to take the head of a table
sa/aA. See Reconcile.
or other place of honor,jJuolb Jjo Healed, (jOÎ^^L-jlls tab min
kaiad bil sadf. It came into his
almarad.
[tratihft.
head, *!lj Ji^la*. khatir ft baliho. Healer, *. 4.JL-i Aq/f, t,s_u^
Headache, . (jguÎ \J_P-J wajârras. Healing, ^)ar<. ^Li sh&fi. See
Headed (having a head),
Assuasive, gentle, mild, molli
laho riis. Bare-headed, i
fying.
i-.yl makshuf arrui.
Health (of body), A-^*" sahhat,
Headiness, ijL*- jasarat. See
<Ljl= tofiyat, .vL^ salamat, U-i>
Rashness, stubbornness.
sAq/a. To' recover health, t_>lL
Headland, *. <j^s\(ju\j ras ajjabal,
<ai. Health to you, here is your
J^.Û
n \\ nnfnjjnhnl
SCO Cape.
Headless, ^^ddL malaho rdg ;

(inconsiderate),
health (when drinking), is.*5

<i-jlej sahhat wa ififyat ; (salva
tion), (jolLi. khalas, i\ss? najat.
Hcalthfulncss of climate, ^Jljc-ci
\j$\ 'iJltl'il al li'i'i'ii. See Salu
Headlong (head foremost),

mutahawwir. See Rash, thought
brity, health.
less.
Healthy, .j'jtxt mutûfl, <^.~&~\^>
Head-quartors (of an army, etc.),
iU_jL_c ,7/,/7/ -.i~:jni,i! . To be
lîi_ mukar al-âskar,
healthy, îl3 taâfa'.
urdt.
Heap, . A^f kawnat,
HEA
584
majma^, cUs.?-! ijtima^,

j(iniO-,iil.. See Pile, hillock, ac
cumulation, cluster, crowd.
Heap, v. -+*> jinia^, kawwam.
Heaped, *x< mukawwam, _*u.r*
HEA
janan.
Heart-broken,
J kalb maksur. From

the bottom (inside) of the heart,
JM-<<MLligi**,.je '-i'ii- samlm al
hull. Elack at the heart, ji ._=
i_JjiJl sawtid al kail. Hard

mujtami^.
See Accumulated,
piled.
hearted, (_ 4 nflH -r-^
Hear, v. (with the ears), j-*ij!
istamat, ^*~j *#. See Listen, Hearten, v. *.- ^ *L/J * katcuia'
kallaho. See Animate, encourage.
hearken.To hear judicially (to
try causes), ^/j\gJ-^y~* :--1 Heartily (sincerely), Lls kalian,
jJiJLj Ittsidk. Eagerly, Jj
-. addaâicl.
^vî ii'Ao/ shatck.
Heard, part, c _v
*~S
Heartiness (sincerity), 4 c . S . .
Heard, pret. j^c^l istamat.
Hearer, s. j--*'1: afii/t!-. , r -.+
haklkat, tj\3*a sadukat; (ardour),
KI'HUC, +-4Z*u.* Mliufnutl-..
himmlat, tj~L ghayrat.
Hearing, /);,'/>', _.*^_.. muttamit, Heartless, L_-J-:i'JL- malaho kalb.
^L) sarnie. The sense ; a/so
See Timid.
the organs of hearing, _**J! Hearty (sincere), Jjjl^ sddik; (in
assama^, i-*-<L~!'.*.i kuwat assafull health), ,_jLje~ muâ/l.
maât. A hearing or audience,
See Healthy, strong, vigorous.
ûls^ljLais^ huddar al majlas. Heat, *j\f- hardrat, ^>- harr ;
(passion), t_ -...-ir ghadab; (ar
Within hearing (near), t_^j J
iarti, >\i ?'w<Z. See Near.
dour, zeal), i^c ghlrat.
Hearken, /;. _v.:l istama^. See Heat, v. le*^" fiamma' ; (to make
feverish), . 4, ~- hammam ; (to
Hear, listen.
[MS^.
Hearsay, c .A^.V.'O Italdm masenrage), i_^_L^1 aghdal.
Heart, s. u-^JJi /?-// (plur. <_->j]j Heated (warmed), ^^s'< mahmum,
Lnlfil).
Bejoicing the' hearti
i_%~ mushawicil ; (enraged),
^_^j.iLilyg^ mufrih al kalb.
Pure of heart,
Heathen, ...
EEC
585
HEI
Heathen, adj. j& kafir, ijj Hector, s. See Braggadocio, hully.

wasarii.
Heed, v. See Attend, mind, re
Heave, v. (lift, raise), ^jj rafa^.
gard.Heed. See Care, atten
Heaven (paradise), l^J' assamd,
tion, caution, observation, notice,
alfardaws ; (sky),
regard.Heedful. See Attentive,
assamd.
The hea
watchful, careful, cautious.
vens, v-AU^l assamutcal. The
Heedfully. See Attentively, etc.
highest heaven (the residence of
Heedfulness. See Vigilance,
Omnipotence), C/XiSlll&i /oJ*fc
caution. Heedless.
See Ina/ aflak. The heaven or sphere
caution, careless.Heedlessness.
of the moon,^f^\t^J^j alak ul
See Inattention, negligence.
kamar. The starry heavens, /! Heel, . i-.^*^ ka^b. , The tendon of
the heel, t-JjJ^c iarkul. A cook
annuum
Heavenly, ^Ltî
The
who sells cow-heel, or the feet of

cattle in general, ,jUlc
liiit/'ifi-.. makudam.
heavenly luminaries,
U-J! majadih assamd.
Heavily (ponderously), Ljjj safalan, Hejra, *. (Muhammadan era),
alhcjrat. The year of the hejra,
Ulcol sak&lat.
j^st-ltUi-j sannatal hejrat.
Heaviness (ponderousness),
tiki; (dejection), i ^/JOT. See Heifer, *. &l~s?' îjlat.

Sadness, oppression.(dullness, Heigh ho! <)dJ1<OJl allahallah.
stupidity), JJLulUjie âdam al Height, cUjj! irtifa^ê. ^vlu. See
taM.
Elevation, ascent, dignity.
Heavy, J..5J *a*JZ(pl. JUi ittk&l};
Buildings of a conspicuous height,
(oppressive), JUs 7 /////.
cU^NjyfclSedLij! abniyat zahirat
Hehdomadal, ^c^v-jt asbuil. See
ul irtifdi. The height of the
Weekly.
tide, J^ mad. The height (full,
Hehrew,
{tbrani. A Hebrew
completion), *tJ\ itmum, Jl*i
(Jew),
yahildi.
The height of exertion,
Hectic, J
madkiik. A hectic
jA5:l ajjad tool jahd
fever,
himmat addak.
ul tam&m.
HEL
586
IIEil
Heighten, v. ,_!* âlbi. _See Ele
Helm (of a ship),

at
al markab.
vate.(to meliorate), ""* */M.
See Improve. (to aggravate), Helmet, *. (helm), Jyi- khud, or
i Jji- khawdat. A texture of iron
JAJ takkal; (to embellish by
rings hanging from the back of a
decorations), ^j zayyan.
helmet, aoJ^J zaradiyat.
Heinous, Jo,xi shadld, s-' -*-
Help,
<LJj\_JK tnaâwanat, J,X
matyti.1>,j)j> sharlr, I>_SA^> *Aat.
maddad, ^js. iawn, &j\s.\ iânat,
See Atrocious,wicked.Aheinous
nasrat. By God's help,
crime, >.Wr.LrJO ai -.iizn,!.
.ji^Jlj biliawn al ilahl. To
Heinousness, oUui fatad, j ihar.
beg for help,

See Wickedness.
<Xc~i! istamad.
Heir, . bJ/j warts (plur. j^j
Help, v. iXcLi sue
waratai). Heir apparent, Jtgx!! J.
Ît iiin. See Assist, succour,
wfi alâhd. To appoint an heir,
cure, remedy.
Helper, s.Âj nasir. See Assistant.
Heiress, .
w&ritat.
Helpful, i^jb-* mu^&win, ^f-^
Heirless,
\** m&lalw w&ri,
mufid. See Useful, salutary.
la wuris laho.
Helpless, lif.,jt<iIL mSlaho mutin.
Heirship, AJJ\JJ warasat,
Helplessly, iilc^-ij bighayricMnat.
wlr&s.
Helplessness, j1j^St*Ji* âdam al
Heliotrope (sunflower),
imdad.
dautteur ajthshami. Helter-skelter, <l_Ljyî. J^j lilcol
Hell,
jahannam. Hell-fire,
kJiarbatah. 8ee Pell-mell, con
nar jahannam.
The
fusedly.
lowest pit of hell, ^j-liLJl JjL>l Helve, s. (handle of an axe), X>
asfal assdflin.
The inhabitants
(diLJl f/ail al balta. See Handle.

of hell (the damned, the infernal Hem (of a garment), j\ kanur,
ahljahannam.
powers),
<U-iU>- huMyai.
Hellish,
jalumnami. Hel Hem, v. (a garment),
lishly. See Infernally, wickedly.
tfimal hathiyat. See Border,
Hellishness. See Wickedness.
edge, fringe.
587
HEE
TIER
Hemisphere, i. ^,Ji\L B.-I_; naaf'ul Herb-woman,

klui.'livl.
ard, .y^ _v!i_JUIJ tlilxf ll'lilil /,>'.!.
dât
Hemistich, s. c \j*a* misrdt. The Herd, *. Ac

jam&ât. See
first part of the first hemistich of
Flock, troop, crowd.
a poem, jâ sadr. The last part Here, LA Aand, L&lb h&fuinu. Here
of the hemistich,
and there,
wahunak. Here comes Peter,
Hemlock, ^\j> shawkaran.
Hemorrhage,*. >Jjl,J..-j sayladdam,
i^H\3j\^&\>1uihana. Sutros. Here
i >\.j riâj.
See Flux.
Hemorrhoids, jz~>\>j luasir.
comes Paul, ^J^liJsU hahanu

See
Bulos.
Hereabouts, U^lt>_^j^j karlb lihana.
Emeroids.
Hemp, i_,--' kinnib.
Hempen, ,,'':< kinnibl.
Hereafter (a future state), c

,J^*iMA]t fll mastakbil; (from
Hen, *. (domestic), te>-\s>-J dajajat

(plur. culs- U>-J dajajat}.
Hence (from this place),
min It mi * I.-, ^0- mm
(in
another place, absent),

ghtiyib; (for this reason),
ulXl J im q/Z zaZ. Henceforth,
henceforward, !Jicw>j,j3' ^min
this time forward),

alun.
Hereat,
Hereby,
Hereditable,
Hereditament,
Heritage.
Hereditary, $\r?+ mirasi. Hereditary possessions, tljjjj^JU
m&l mawrHt.
By hereditary
T^
alun wasuMan.
[azzateaya.
Heptagon, a. L^jJU .> * musabba^

Her, (s> M, as \^li^ kitdbihd, her
book.
Herald, . t/^^-* munadl.
Harbinger, Forerunner.
Herb, herbage, CuLj ndbut.
'Herbaceous, iJLi nabstl.
Herbalist, herbarist, . L_
iOththab.
right, hereditarily, CJ^tJljLj-Lj

bitarik al miras.
[hazfi.
See Herein, Ijkjj bi hazd.
Hereof or herefrom, lJJi^ min
Hereon, \ JJS J*e taZa' hazu,
\ jj liajl hazu.
Hereout, liJi^ min hand.
Heremetical.
See Solitary.
588
HER
HID
Heresy, iejj badât, xl?jb har- Heroism, Acls-1 shajutat,

takat (plur. CÛlj^ hartakat).
jaraat. See Bravery.
Heretical, (Jjbyi hartakl. Here- Heron, *. <S_KjJ dungult,
uXwil //(</ asiamak.
tically, itilsysj^j Jj'AoZ hartakat.
Hereto, hereunto, (.L^Sj^ ila' Hers, l^cli^ muMâAd.Herself,
zalik.
lâ*Ai nafsuhd.
Heretofore, lAJL mukaddaman, Hesitate, r. c_iiy tawakkaf, w
VA-- r ;(' Lint i n>. U_'L *0tawahham, i_x-l *///:.
iian, ^.1 awwalan, LJ kalian,
Hesitation, JJ^5 taraddud,
Ujjj kadiman. As heretofore,
toahm. See Doubt, irresolution.
Jj^JU^ kamafllauncal, JjUl^
(stammering), J^ rarf. With
kalawwal.
out hesitation, cvi^ll) A (7(7 shibhat.
Herewith, UJ lafan, <ul? tayyalio.
Heteroclite. See Irregular.
Heritable, t^jU.J.1^^ mumkin al
Heterodox, ^ytj^. ghayr mumin.
mlrat, C--. .t matorfi*.
Heterogeneous,
heterogeneal,
Heritage, tij^* mlrdi, tij.1 ar,
i__cJlsr* muthalif, fj-j^ytj^s.
Aj^5 varasat, OZji tarakat.
ghayr muwafik, JplSx^c ghayr
Hermaphrodite, s. ê^^- Isharua'.
mutalik. See Dissimilar.
Hermes, (_,-.-. *JJ hermes.
Hew, v.jsf najjar. See Cut, fell,
Hermetical. See Chemical.
plane.A hewer, j\af? naj/dr.
Hermit, ... A^lj zuhid, ^1x^1) ndsik,
^^-^
^L; suyih. A hermitage, ijt*~o Hexagon, . ^,^-^t musaddae.

Hexagonal, hexangular, (jwJu*
sawmaât.
V,'; -' musaddat azzatcdyd.
Hernia, . ^sj fit&k. See Rupture.
Hexaped, . (animal with six feet),
Hero, . (brave man), c Isr-1
ijsfj\ts~ij)\ abu sittat arjal.
i^Sj\z ghati,
ia7. The hero
kahramdn Hey! heyday! &\itt\ attah aUah.
atiaman. Heroic, heroical, ^,-ii
A heyday. See Frolic.
jl^sM /''/- 7,- ajjahad. A heroic Hiatus. See Aperture, gap, breach.
achievement, \j__
(plur. Hibernal,
shatatei.
-_-'. U ghazwui).
Hid, hidden, ,5*^" mttkhft, .Jr-jr*
HIG
589
mukhtafi, jf~*~* maitur,

muktatim. See Concealed.
Hide, v. (conceal), ^y^' ukhfa' ;
(to conceal one's-self, or be con
cealed), (_5*i2>-! ikhtafa'.
Hide, *. JJj-y'W(plur. ^^s^-jalad').
A hide of fine leather (morocco),
Ûisr1 sikhtiyan. See Leather,
skin.
Hideous, _^_- kabih, .v.'ii Kl>,nt'<-.,
makruh, ' i_j^sr mukhuf,
mvhul, _ (- muhlb. See
HIL
High, ^Lt\ J'. The Most
High, ^JUjj^LjUsUij^sM alhak
sabhunaho wa taâla'. See God.
High-born, _ _; -* sharif.
High-minded, ^Xs^ mutakablir.
High in price) .Jlc yAaft. A
high mountain, ^
shamikh. Higher,
(Jji\ a-Ja'. Highest,
diarfat, ^Ji afe^fo'. Selling
to the highest bidder (by auction),
J^L^J! nl bay^bil mazdd.
Ugly, deformed, horrible, dread Highland, Ls- jrtiafi. SeeMounful.Hideous iu countenance,

tainous.
'.-J //<;/! al manzar, ^^ Highly, y^Jû iio? ^te ; (in a
Tearlh cusurat. A hideous
high degree), dLilo i ghuyat.
monster, i^îc âfrlt.
See Greatly(proudly), î&J 4
Hideously, i^L^^cyo 4* nawan
makrHh.
Hideousness, Aclxi shanaât. See
takabbur, jjjiJ&J bikol ghwiir ;

(with esteem),
Ugliness, deformity, frightfulness. Highness (elevation), c 1*^,1 irtifa^;

(a royal title), iyo- hadrat,
Hider, . (one who conceals any
<_jLs>- jandli. See Exalted iu
thing), (.i^*- kh&fl; (one who
conceals himself),
dignity.
Highway, *. /kls^jlj <ar!i ^dm.
</?. See Hide.
Higgledy-piggledy, Alaj
See Road, way.A toll paid for
kharbata. See Confusedly.
guarding the roads against high
High, j-iJ^* rnvrtafi^,
waymen, yLc ghafar.
Hill, . JJ <a (plur. J
ciiJ,
!, i^Li shamikh Hilt, >'>! kabdat, AJ v/</t/,
(plur.
\ kabdat assayf.
i shawumikh). Most
590
HIN
HIS
Him (preceded by a preposition or Hinge, .
j.Uj- j'drur wZ 4aA,
the sign of the genitive case), ,

Ait nazara, he saw, Hint, r. (give a signal), .^*. tvama',
as
Ui ffhamas, j\>\ ashdr.
nasutrhu, he saw him.
Hint, . (signal), ij\-ll isharat,
&)\lciniLyat,]*\ ratn2,j*- ghams,
rnirer of himself,
\*j\ ima,j*J>- khabar. See Sug
luthik halaho. Master of himc
self, <dl-l3jltf d&bit halaho. He
gestion, intimation.
Himself, uJu nafiuhu. An ad
himself, i^MJ U naftihu, tuWb Hip, *. (bone), C^j writ, (plur.

lisiat. The boy threw himself
into the river, <Uii ^yVu?""'*
f-^ci assail rama' nafaalw fi'l
nahr.
[ghazalat.
Hip(dejection of spirits, \J^-j satedu.

Hippish, hipped, ^^
See Deer.
dawl.
Hippopotamus
(river horse),
Hind . (female of a stag), ISî
larnik, J^,\\JM^ fara al tahr.
Hinder,^lakhir. See Posterior.
MI
_ itThe hinder part, y>-î alUknvr. Hire, p. (take on hire),
On the hinder part, ^j)^ m^n
Hindermost, hindmost,
altJilr. See Last.
Hinder, v.
tatMtrad.
prevent.
tsjar. To let on hire

(let in farm), jS>-\ ajar
hire or bribe, (J^ hartal.
To
ajr.
eadd, Hire, \^ itra,
See "Wages, recompense, reward.
See Obstruct,
A broker's hire or commission,
dilalat, X*+fu samsarat.

ntumanaât,
Hinderance,
mukrct.
Hired,
a\*s muûradat,
Hireling, ,^\ ajir. See Mercenary.
i taârrud,
mukrl.
See Impediment, stop. Hirer, .
tori,
Hindoo, ^J>i> Hindi.
A hirer of horses, mules, etc.

t)\C muTcurl. A camel hirer,
ITindostan, ^li-^JcJt Hindustan,
JlJU>- jammal.
A binderer, j_j
lited vl hind.
His is denoted by Aw subjoined
591
HIT
HOG
to the preceding word, as : His Hive, s. (swarm of bees),

kuw&rat na/tl.
book, <ub kitabuku.
Ho
! hoa ! l> yd.
Hiss, v.jLe safar.
Hiss, . j*. saflr. Hissing or Hoar, hoar-frost, J^
Hoard, s. i .^*1^ matmiirat. See
whistling as the wind,
Treasure.To hoard, iXve samhafif.
Historian, historiographer,
mad. See Store, lay up.
Hoariness, *_ -* shayb, (U,.. ,MI
mu-arrikh. Historians,
mu-ivarrikhv.n,
warrikhln.
(.jfi>~jyt
mu-
Historical, ^rj^ tarlkhl. His

torically, ^jWljJ^Ja; li tarik
attarikh.
History, f?j\J tarlkh (plur. f^l^y
tawarlkh), <^>^>- hikayat, i^' ,
shaybat. See Gray hairs.

Hoarse, r-j^V* moiAfiA. Hoarse
ness, tec^bahhat. To grow hoarse,
-y\ anbah.
Hoary, t.-oLi shuyib. See White,
gray, mouldy.Hoary hairs. See
Gray hairs.
[limp.
Hobble, ~jC. âraj. See Halt,
riwayat, j*~ khabar (pi.

akhbur). A true history,
Hobblingly. See Awkwardly, un
JjljJI&^s'* hikayat sahlhat id
skilfully,
[his&n saghir.
ritcayat. A poetical or fabulous
Hobby, . (small horse), .-i^j^La*.
history, AJ^>- hikayat, OAjj riHobgoblin, s. ^^- jinnl. See Elf,
vtayat. See Fable.
fairy, demon.
Hit, v. <*-Jjt> darab. See Strike,
Hobnail,
*. ilfcut/* mismar.
beat.To hit the mark or butt,
Hodge-podge, LL>- Until. <U9>Lsr*
sab.
mukhluta. See Medley.
Hit, . ^ darlat,
musaHodiernal,
.j^y. yflwmi.
damat.
See Blow, stroke.
(chance),
Mifak.
Hoe, s. <LijS* majrafat.
Hither, hitherward, La^J! 7a' Hog, . ji_\^~ khanzlr. Hogs,
Manuzzr. Hog's lard,
Hither and thither, l^&
liana tea hunak.
*AaA> ManzJr. Hog
gish, t^yjjxi- L!f>ir.iri. A hogs
Hitherto, ÎJl tla' alan, \ JJJ!
head, (J-^y barmtl.
HOL
592
Hoist, t\ hoise, _Jj rafa^. See liaise,

To hoist sail,
sahab al uiit.
HOL
castle.The hold of a ship, (j*

t..--^*!! khun al markab.
Holder, *. LjL>L masik.
ihtawS.' ; Holdfast, *. t_>K kullab. See Hook.

Hold, v. (contain),
(possess, keep), >,'_> -i mcsek, Holding, part. uLx-it* masik.
j tasarraf.
8ee Grasp ; Hole, s. (Ju^l bukhsh, i_->(u takb.
seize ; retain ; possess, enjoy.
To hold fast, L_^ - meseJt. To
hold in (a horse, etc.), k~a dabat.
See Restrain, stop, check.To
hold in (restrain one's-self), LuJ
A hole under the ground, ,lc

ghur, A hole in the ground made
by rabbits, moles, etc., t_ -jj}

woiJ. To make a hole, ^_ - *
sakab. See Bore, dig.To stop
up a hole, Juo sadd.
dabat ihahwataho.
To
kadasat,
hold off (keep one at a distance), llulily,
taharat.
i > dnfn
_^ m/tnfi
Tr
\ \-,
kadasat,
hold on (continue), ,jlj duieam, Holiness,
taharat. See Purity, piety,
j*z~i\ istamar; (to continue to
sanctity.
bear or suffer), (Jâc" tahammal ;
Holloa, b ya, Ifil ayyuhd.
(to offer, propose), <jOjf- %arad;
Hollow, iîjs* mujawwaf. Hol
(to last), (lo dam, *\s k&m ; (to
low (insincere),
jjLj
remain in union), jjUjjd^jjLCAjlj

ddwam lala' al ittifuTc. To hold Hollow, t. (cavity), J\Jc^- ] Mif&r,
a conference,
L_ii^=sr tajtelf (plur. u-OjUsr
al majlis.
tajawif), .AS*- hafr.
Hold, imperat.
Hollow or make hollow, v. i_i>jawwaf, jAs- hafar, jSa-\ ihtafar.

Hollowed, j^-s^* mahfur, jis*s.-*
muhtafar, u*^1* mujawtoaf.
kudrat, sijj
influence),
Hollowness,
iJys- jatcf; (insince
kuwat; (a lurking place), ^.^4^
rity), li . riyd.
kammin; (a stronghold or for
tress), <*Jji
See Fort, Holme (tree), ^lijc^ sindiyfm.
Hold (grasp),
prison),
maskat ; (a
hubs ; (power,
593
HOM
muhrikat,
Holocaust, .
iCS-L-'J
Zll/li/ltlt.
HON
muteafik, <JJî mut&bik,
Homogeneousness, &sa\yt muwa-
fikat, iuLk* mutabikat, J~-o

tamsll.
^jjj kaddus. See Pure, good,
Homologous,
t_-%->\it mundsib,
pious, sacred.
(ji\y muicaftk. See Congruous,
Holyday, Juc ji<Z.
conform.
Holy Ghost, *. Âs-SI-.^ rotM aZ
Hone,
K. ,.,*u.< mnsun.
kodos.
Homage, iclljl itdât, f^/*3"^ th- Honest, ~ L- <,////. (fern. ^s'L0 i-
Holy, j^JJL* mukaddas,
tirdm.
See Obeisance.To do
fc'Ao<), JJU arft'A (fern. <jL>
homage, pj^>-\ ihtaram.

Home, L^-j /if///. *U_ makam,
sadikat), JjU ^d(2t7. See Up

right, just, sincere.Honestly,
10,'^ makan,
..'--. ti-i'iI' n.
,_x maskan,
bikol utikamat.
Homeliness, fJÛj kabawiyat. See Honesty, ^L) 1) J diydnaf, _Lo salah,
Kudeness, inelegance, rusticity.
^ja sidk, (jflis-^ ikhlds, Jjo:
Homely in countenance,
tarfZ. See Virtue, justice, truth,
Aix*!l Xv//( i-// manzar.
purity.
Home-made,homc-spun ui^Honied (covered with honey), J-lv*
shughl al bayt, Jij~J laytutl.
muiassal. See Sweet, luscious.
Honey, tj"-g âtal. Purified honey,
See Homely, coarse.
Homestall, homestead, *.
Homeward,
homewards,
Homicide, *. J-iJs
See Murderer.
Jlii katt.
Homicide, J-xs katil, J
See Murder Homicidal. See
Bloody.
Homogeneal, homogeneous (of the
same kind), I/M^- JJ fard jing,
jua^jûj; ôsa^ mitsaffa'. Pre

served in honey, LJ,i.u*
niu-jikL'tid liil iiixtil.
Honorary, ^Jy-i sharafl,
ikrami.
Honor, JSls- y/<i?, i..}^ sharaf,
j\-s\j>\ iflikhcLr, jS? fakkr. See
Dignity, glory.(chastity), ic
tiffat; (reverence) /1,s.! ihtir&m,
' -C' takrim, A-r.c^ i^ttbar, &~
594
HOO
\ifat.
ta-.x.lm, CuUaJI ilSee Eespect, veneration.
HOP
hoof of a camel or ostrich,
khif. The interior part of the
hoof, (.yo9- hisn.
(reputation, good name),

,urd, <juy&> ndm&t (pi.
Hoot, s. t_->i& kullub, <XjK kuttubat,
tawdmlt. See Fame, renown.
(plur. (_Llp\k>-
Held in honor,
icajib vl takrim, J>~* niukarram.
See Honorable, honored.With
great honor and extraordinary
lhatattf). A fish-hook,
baluc . A hook on which meat
magnificence,
sheep hook, ' LS-c.\J\\a&

> ikramin
is hung, <_>K kullal. A reap

ing hook, J~si* manjal.
A
arrd^f.
Hooked (catched with a hook),
jaslm.
onor, 0. j* j.e, ,*^ akram, pj**-\
ihtaram. See Dignify, reverence.
Hoop, *. ijil*. halakat. See Ring,
onorable, ijcc-â-^ "** tarf|
circle.(of a barrel, etc.), iÛ?
zjs.-*muhtaram,jM* mu^tabar.
onorableness, /î iarow, <t^s

Hoop, v. (a barrel), C
karamat, J^-jalal. See Honor,
J-^-15 tfmal tHrat lil larmll.
eminence, magnificence, generosSee Encircle.
[shahhtika.
ity.
Hooping-cough, s. <GVsr'i(i-j saile
J likoli^tibar,
Hop, s. /J Art/zfli. See Skip,
j bikol ihtiram, J
jump.A hop or place for a
iTo. See
dance, uaiJ^J^'* mahall arraks.
Magnanimously, reputably. _
Hop, J-. (skip), u&j rakas, jsu
snored, ** mukarram,
kafaz.
mufakJikham,
[muîz. Hope, J^l amal (plur. JU^ owaZ),
muwakkar.
ionorer, *. f* mulrim, 'J-AA

:oof,yU- hafir (pl-^J^- hawafir).
J*J na^l. A cloven hoof, iill
zwJ/ (plnr. i_iS^l ffzte/).
The
U>-, ro;', ^\^j\ intizar. See

Expectation, desire, confidence.
To cut off, or blast one's hopes,
- IT k l:<itii- rajclh.
HOR
595
Hope, v. ^TjJ ta-rajja', J^*' animal,

^^>j> tarakkab. See Expect.
Hoped, (J^*L< maamul,^-j,t marju.
Hopeful, ifr\> r"fi> Li8?"/-*-*
mutarajji, ^~*z~* mutamannl.
Hopefully, ^JîjSo 4io/ awaZ.
HOR
horns, \^sr*lij' tanutahu. Butted
or killed by the horns of a bull,
ram, etc., pj"^ mantHh. A
horn (musical instrument), ,J^J
buk,j,Ju nafir. An ink-horn,
lOjjJ dawuyat, i^sr* mahbarat.
Hopeless (having no hope),

Horned, ^î<d ZaAw kurun.
\>-)\ kati^ arrajd,
Horny (made of horn), i_j J karnl.
mulaho i/nii'1 ; (promising no
(belonging to horn), >J,j karnl.
thing good), J^.UuL. md liilii
See Callous.
anal.
Hoper, *. ^>-j^t mutarajjl.
t.
Hoping, part, and adj., \J^y
mu'mil. See Hopeful.Hopingly,
J^1 Jj l-ikal iiiniil. See Hope
fully.
Hopper (of a mill), _j! J rfa/u, (jwôlji
^,^3-iyi idrfu attahun.
Horal, horary, icLJlj busaât,
Hornet, *-jf+>j zanbur.

Horologe, s. &\*> suât.
Horoscope (configuration of planets

at the hour of birth), jJU? tuli^
(plUT. vJ^L) / 'i, ri'i /!-).
Horrible, uJ^sr* mukhuf, *)J>**

makruh, Jjli Aayil, (J^ muhul,
t_--;-r rn.-u.hlb. See Dreadful,

terrible, frightful.
mansub lii Horriblcncss, .ûi ahaniiâl. See
Horde, . /îs kawm. See Tribe.

Horizon, J^l u/i, jjls^ /<li, JhJli-
Dreadfulness.
Horribly, j__-î, c yj
slllt ill: .
kh&fik. The two horizons (the Horrid,

east and west), Ûili- khajkan,
muftakrah,
^Jijljx. khdfikln. Horizontal,
thani^. See Horrible, hideous,
enormous. Horridnees, AtLxi
^Jilil a/ail.
s/nin'~i-.i.'/. See Hideousness.
Horn, *. ^.yj Aarn (pi. ^y* iru).
Two-horned, ^.JJLlljJ zulkarnln.
(enormity), iluo- jaeamat.
To butt with the horns, .tf^ natah. Horror, i;U^> shanaât, <Lj6L_^
Butting one another with their
kardhiyat. To conceive horror,
596
HOR
nafar min, ^ Jcarih,
islakrah. Held in horror, 2
HOE
<t*lal]! shakhturtt kabiri
liftaml al tardbanut min shut
kdtiâh.
annahr
makruh.
Horse-breaker.
.
rlorse, a.^Lar*. hisdn; (mare),
faras. A blood horse, a horse of
noble pedigree, J-MO^Las- hisan Horse-dealer, J~- t\-t>
khayl. Horse-courser,
asil. A piebald horse, ^.j ^^^
janbaz.
Horse emmet, . (a large winged
ant), _Lr-U_'..LLj namlat liha
hisan TurJd.
horse, ^
v^
janah.
hisan
A barb horse,
maahrabl. A led horse, a horse Horseflesh, L\^\^. lahm al khayl.
x>. yadak. Horse-fljr, *. <ulxl\iGljJ dibbant al
of state or parade,
hi -i- u abrash.
' *
An Arabian horse,
i ' "*- JiMii "
A lame horse, jc
^r<y. Post horses,
horses,
Asdn
kalbat.
i relays of Horse-guards, *-J\ss=
hisan al
icardiydn al khayyalat.
To dress w curry a horse, Horse-hair,

jtashshak al hisan.
hisan.
The master of the horse,
Horse-laugh,
imlr akhvr. A groom who leads Horse-leach,
horses of state, Lys JJ yadakjl.
Horse (cavalry), iJUri. khayyalat, Horse-litter,
al
[addM hi kahkahat.
*.
<ule âlakat (plur.
i. (for
travelling),
ruwan.
Horseman, *. <J^J>-=>- khayyal, (jujd
Eorse, t>. (mount a horse),
faris, I^\; rakib. Horsemen,
Za' o? hisan.
^Ly furs&n. See Equestrian.
Horseback, mounted on horseback,
Horse-meat,
i_a Lc âlaf. See Hay,
J
farit.
To
rakib,
grass, bean.
mount or ride on horseback,
Horse-mill,
*. j\* maddr.
rekeb.
Horse-pond, *. r>>Xc ghadir,
florse-boat, *.
khayl, J^>- khuyul.
597
HOS
HOY
Horse-race, i. ^sf \iLJb\M~i masa- Hostess, .

(// lokanda.
bakat al khayl. See Course, race,
mih Unit
mukhdlif,
race -ground.A wager at a horse Hostile,
See Adverse.A hostile
race, ..^V murdhin. SeeWager,
excursion,
Horse-shoe, . J*J nad.
[bet.
Aaril.
Horse-stealer, *. (J-^srljj^pi sarrdk
Hostility,
JjlAc âddwat,
al khayl.
[See Highway.
HorsewayjtjllaLj^j\jO tarlksultanl.
khusumat, LA!\S.-* mukhdlafat,
Hose, **-J\jjSf jurdb.
Hospitable, , Vi muttim. A
hospitable man, > "--''* miidlf.
iljljK mutdddt. To commit

hostilities, ijlji_c.J__? Carnal
Hospitably, AiLrui W diydftin.

Hospital, *. (for the sick), ^yo^^lj Hostler, s. y*-' LJ sayes. See Groom .
rfar al marad, l...j*> .SKlj rfur Hot,^L>- hdrr, ^^ hdml,
sukhen.
A hot bath, ,i.
ashshafd ; (a public building for
the reception of the poor and
travellers), sliijUl- khdnkdh. See
Caravansera, inn, hostel.
Hospitality, &i\**o diydfat, iiUsl
hammdm.
Hot (vehement, i'm i-
ous), ^_Ial\iAs>- haddatlab^. See

Fierce, vehement, violent, eager,
keen,
precipitate. Lascivious,
i_-o ti-l\ iddfat al gharlb.
Hospitaller, s. i__i*î.< imidif.
See
Somewhat hot, JJCJK mu^tadil.
Host.The knights Hospitallers Hot-brained, hot-headed,

al mizaj. See Bash, violent,
(w knights of Malta),
Host, . (landlord),
sahib addiyafdt, <^ji~S.t mudzf.
passionate.To be hot, ^r heml.

Hotly, i U=C i* hararat ; (vio
^
lentty), ijyiu W shaddat, ^=r
Hostage, *. fc~&j rdhinat (plur.

jabran.
[fury.
^_jli^ rahuyin). To give a Hotness, $j]/>- hararat. See Heat,
hostage, -t--^ k^ flt<fl' roAJnî. Hoteh-potch. See Hodge-podge,
Hostel or hotel, !jul$j! lokanda,
farrago.
[hut, shed.
manzal,
Hovel, s. ijcr*. i/*. See Cottage,
HOU
598
HOW
Housebreaker, >.
haranrf.
See
Thief,
robber.
>Jjij fafraf, ,U- ham .
kalbnutur.
Hound, t. ^Ju.-tfL-^ kalb saydl. House-dog, . ,
altal al
Household,
*.
See Dog.
bayt. See Family, domestic.
Hour, . 4&\~> saât. From hour to
Household furniture, household
hour, ^cLuj^cLo saât bi sdi
stuff, '^-%-Jlcjljl atut al bayt.
In a happy hour, iJ^**u
A householder, housekeeper,
bi saâtin masiiidat. Every hour
- *..JiilX-iL mfisik al bayt.
(hourly), Hc\~j kol saât.
Houseless, cu~J<*!L malaho bayt.
House, s. n1 -' .''</<// (plur. <__'-.'
Housemaid, *. <L!jci- khaddtimat.
buyut), j\3 dar, ^^* makan,
House-room, Jsr* mahall, itjj
cj**^ maskan, <Jji-* manzal ;
wasât, lUa-lii* muftiihiyat.
(descendants from one ancestor),
Housewife, ui^Jli^* mart al bayt.
J-uj <w/, J-cl a*?. See Family,
See Hostess.
race.A winter house, (_sî^
Housen (houses),
mashta?. A sumtaer, country, or
j J diyar, jjJ d&r.
garden house, ii.-^* magyaf. A
Housings (for horses),
royalhouse, ijj34^^ (?ar almalek.
See Saddle-cloth.
See Palace.A store-house, ijî
How (in what manner),
shunat. See Magazine, ware
kayfamd. How long ?
house.Awork-house (workshop)
ila' mata'. How many ?
(J__jlJlc^--J 4ay< / shaghl;
ij* kam marrat. How then ?
(shop), (jl^J duklcdn. The house
t_a>Ci fakayf. How do you do ?
or station of a planet, _^j frwr;',
how d'ye? i_lX_SU- (-_&., kayf
t__^y31_-^J burj allcawkab, Jj~*
halak. How many children?
manzal. See Constellation.The
jJ; lum walad. How much?
Hover, v. (over head, as a bird, etc.),
house of perdition (hell), *^~r~

how great ?
jahannam, j\jX\j\3 dur albawdr. However,
/aitw,
walakin,
A religious house, ^jJ dayr. See
Aazd ; (in whatever manner),
Abbey, monastery.
HUM
HUM
599
intdnl. Human nature,

min kol al wajuh,
kuyfamu , ^^^ju^
JLjUj^l attabltat ul insdniyat.
wajhinkdn; (at least), Jj\J bdri, Humane, _;!-- hallm, i*Jb\*
! walaw, ^yLiLtlj^ akallamd
muldtif, t_c..y latif. See Be
yakun.
Howl, v. fjjij walwal.
nevolent, kind.
Humanely, <iJiok*j&J bikol
Howl, *. ijj-lj toalwalat, J^j-Jj Humanity, *L>- hilm, tj*&~\ rahmat,
OJLohst 'Htidii Infill. See Benevo
walwal, (Jjyi âwll.
Howsoever. See However, although.
Hubbub, lila.r. tayta, <Uiy> karkaâ.
Huckle-backed, c_jJi4 ahdab.
Huddle, v. (to do anything pre
cipitately), laJâ- larbat.
lence, kindness ; also human na

ture,
[tnsdn.
Humanise, v. ^LujliLf âmalaho
HumanlyjA-jLuJl^JC* likolinsaniyat.
See Humanely.
Huddle, *. -*?r jam^. See Crowd, Humble(submissive, low, depressed),
hakir, ô\f
tumult, confusion.
jjjj
dun.
See Low, base, poor,
Hue, iLtf^j^J lawn sabagh. See
abject, mean.
Colour, dye. To make hue and
Humble, v. JLsUj\ istahkar, rA>cry, <d=ucLJ^ iitmal c.ayta.
Huff, v. ,r-lR-J tafdkhar. See
Boast, bluster; (to swell with
hukar.
To humble one's-self,
> taioudai, JJJJ tazallal.
self-importance), jliir" fu:.iir.-init. Humbled, ê\^t mutaw&di^ To

be humbled,
A huff (sudden swell of arrogance
it^-o?
hamuka. Huf- Humbly,
or anger),
To
beg
humbly,
iltamas.
i ghurur. See Arrofishness,
See "Wet,
[%a. Humid, t
gance.
moist, watery.
âzf, ^jwLjl) i7d
Huge,
Hulk (hull or body of a ship), *,;- Humidity, *Jji^ rutabat,
tardtoat. See Moisture, wetness.
w--^j-*Jl jvrm al markab. A hulk
Humiliation, ilcl^ dardât,
(anything bulky),
iltitlfi- , _jlij" tawfidu-.^.
inzim ajjvrm.
Human, (^r&J lasharl,
imility, iL^jl inkis&r,
HUN
HUM
tabtaho.
See Gratify, soothe,
tiaekanat,
\nukatl.
imorist, . c^**"< muskhin, ^J&i
imorous (capricious), L_
<__>JL^J\i_ji-iaS latlf al mathrab.
amorously (capriciously),
comply, fitHump, . (hump-backed or hunch

backed), <_>JoJ ahdab, (fern,
hadlii. See Crook-backed.
-To hunch or crook the back,
;. fowa' AufofoHundred, . i>\* woyai. A hun-
(jocosely), i_
ft^J u>a (?i"Ai.
uuiuiBuuic,
w-
umorsome, fe^
Laklaho kol saâh shukl. See
Peevish, humorous,
[umor (moisture), &->}cj rvtubat.
The four humors in the human
alf. About a hundred, a hundred

more or less, V.JJJ^'' J lX8'*
i>fliJ^ mikddr m&yat ya atwad ya
ank^ The hundred-leaved rose,
ij,. warad mudHiitf.
mutallak, jA*2^ mu~

i-.allik. Anything hung up (as
body, lal^>- khult (plur.
fruit, etc., to dry), jU< mnâlakhlaf). The humor or temper
ik. A provender sack hung round
of the mind, J\j* mizaj,
a horse's neck, i^ mikhlayat.
khatir, <~-JJ^ maihrab,
II TTnneer
*'- j*\
>f JfifTo tunger>
XlUUgcij
J ^_
^ya-,,. See Starve, to be hungry.
manual; (jocularity), Jj.
A man of humor, crTo make hungry, ^Jfc- jaweai.
Humor
(caprice), I
id<r. See I
Petulance, peevishness, -whim.
Hungrily, , ^ JV ^ FW Brrt*
J\ Li tfa'" <w'%
k ""'
gce starving.To be hungry,
Morbid humors, <*J^

a/ akhldt arradiyat.
Humor, v. i-i^J^p-c^r^ ">" Hunt, hunting, . AS-> *3/^ See
taM- fiayj^w, yw-i^^ /
Chase, pursuit.Anything behunting (as hawlcs,
HUE
601
HUS
iaydl. Hurt (injured or wounded)

dogs, horses, etc.),
madrur, ,_5jU.< mutaazzl, Juc^t
To go a hunting,
mtmiokir. To be hurt, j^L-ii
rah ala' assayd.
araifor.
Hunted, i-a^JL* muktanas.
Hurt, *. >je darar, sayyad.
Wound, harm, injury.
A hunter or hunting dog,
Hurtful, r^< mudirr. See Harmful,
t^>X~e iaJi sayrft. A hunter's net
pernicious. Very hurtful, j&
or other implement, JU^M ?flZ darar. Hurtfully,
Huntress, *. iJuLs sayyddat.
Huntsmanship, jlLaU<L*jîli_jL>j^
al usaf allazimat III sayyad.
Hurl, c. t_.X- hadaf, ^*j rama
See Throw, shoot, fling.
Hurled, ^j-*^* mvrma',
mahduf. See Thrown.
Hurly-burly, tb~z t-ayt
bikol darar.
Hnrtless,jî^-i Âayr mudirr. See
Harmless, innocent.
Husband, _j)J zata; (plur. p-ljji
azwaf), Jjo ia^.
Husband, v. tjzaiotoaf. SeeMarry.
(to manage frugally),^ icaffar.

Husbandless, jjj^c.^.^t mm ghayr
zawj.
hayajdn. See Tumult, commotion.
Husbandman, . _-li fallah,
Hurricane, . A.'Ai *^_j rlh shadid,
zar^. See Farmer.
&*Jj] zawlaât. See Whirlwind,
Husbandry, icljj saraât,
wind.
faldhat ; (frugality),
Hurry, v.
ims&Tc.
See Haste, hasten. Hush ! interjection, ^-t~>\ iskut ;
Hurry, "tLsr11 âjalat. SeeTumult,
(silent), <j>^L) xiikit: To hush
commotion, haste, precipitation.
(make still orsilent), L^~J&Z<,
Hurt, v. jfe^S; Carnal darar, fO
,_5JkA hadda' ; (to be still or silent),
dar. See Harm, pain, injure,
wound. Superfluity hurts, a Husk, *.,ji.j kishr,
kharrub.
little does good (Arabic proverb), Husk, v. (strip off the outward in
al kaslr dar
teguments),
kasJuhar. See
teal kalll
Peel.
HYP
602
Husked (covered with a husk), Hyperbole, *. <S_*JL.^ muldlaghat.

Hyperbolical, hyperbolic, i-o- L
jjujjd laho kmhshur.
iiJL^ dAzi mulalaghat. To speak
Hut, s. kukh. See Hovel, cottage.
hyperbolically,
Hutch, s. (corn chest) ^^
mubalagliat, ..
al kamh. See Granary.
/t? kalam,
Hyacinth, . (flower), J-i-o sunbul ;
Hyperborean,
^_JL*-i xltu/n<'ili.
(gem), CLJjJilj yalcut.
Hyades (constellation), ^\j-> J^-H Hypercritic, s. L Ul! L^. -%.C- munakkit
HI ghdyat. See Critic.
addalar&n.
Hydra, . L*M<lXr- hayyat almfi.
Hypochondriacal, hypochondriac,
Hydraulics, LtJl^j^^jJ /an ro/c.
^.-.-.Ij^-- sMcddwl. 8ee Melan
o7ma. A hydraulic musical in
choly, insane.
strument, i iîU waîlra^.
Hypocrisy, Uj yd, jdj^ muraydh,
Hydrocele (watery rupture), <<_L_s
AxaliX^ muddkanat, jlaj nafak.
See Dissimulation.
Hypocritic,
. hypocritical, hypoHydromel, ,J*wJ!lU mS. ul âsal.
Hydrophobia, i_n.^-^c-^-LGHj
L] \ (j* da al kalab awal khawfmin
nl/tii'i.
[Dropsical.
critic,jlC niakkdr, (ji\î mun&fik, iJ^ mardyi. Hj'pocritically, jjlejJJo J*ioZ nafdk, J$j
ixalvX^ i/M muduhanat.
Hydropical, ^Lu.~.t^ mustaskl. See

Hyena, #. j_r-: r/r/i;..
Hypothetical, ,^1^-i shartl.
Conditional.
Hyssop,
U.J *u/a.
hijabul bukuriyat. See Marriage,
virginity.Hymeneal (pertaining
to marriage), <S_ac7j_J_!t_-j*uX*
See
I.
wonsui Z7 z?/<, jjw^c ûr. See I, in English, has two powers, as in

Matrimonial ; epithalamium.
the words lit and bite, the former
Hymn, *. isîX^ madlJmt (plur.
of which, in Arabic, is noted by
^\>X_< madayeh.
Hymns,
JH& (J, and the latter by ,_f ,
cuL^\,M.u'i tatllhdt.
\</<n>.
preceded by *\s ( ), expressed or
Hyp, p. ^,t>js.ijl>. khnllah yitsawunderstood; asin the words <_jli^
IDI
603
ION
'a book,' and <*z-*+J bait, Idiot, .

' a house.'
Idle (lazy), uiu^ Ato, JlLu
I, pen. pron. \J\ and. I myself,
(unemployed), J-_L_x*
iJloW ana tati, .j*JLUl and
muâttal. See Indolent, lazy,
nafsi.
N
inactive, useless, worthless.
Ice, jji buz, JL.L>- jalld.
Idleness, Jî /v//, ^'iu latalat.
Ichneumon, s. u~*J nams.
See Laziness, indolence, sloth,
lehnography, *^ rasm,
triingness, uselessness.
ratm al bind.
Idler,
s. ^L-^ kaslan.
Icicle, '. j^.Vvxlo: kit -.at buz.
Icy (full of ice),J^<d kolaho bus. Idly (inactively), iLU butilan.
Idea, s.J^nJ tasatetow, lj\^>^khayal Idol, s. *x^ Kunniii (plur. *l
(plur. cy^L.i. khayalat), &.
"<iInn. See Imagination.An
tcasaw (plur. ^
Idolater, idolist, .
absurd idea, JtbJLi- khayal

bdtil. Foolish ideas, CJ^Li-
See Infidel, Pagan.

\_amum.
Idolatry, *U-<jîjLc îbadat ul
v__5-*-<'-'- khayalat md lahd
Idolize, v. Jijê -.I'tirJ. See Love,
ma^na'. To entertain an idea,
adore, reverence.
jjfloj tatawmar.
If, ^\ in, I* ma, law. And if,
Ideal, jyzc** mutasatowa/r,
jSj walaw. But if, ^1 tn, 1<1
antmu. If not, Jî ' few.
khayuli, ,jj viahmi,
mutakhayyal.
Ideally, 1 fy
wahman, ^{^.Âa^yi bi wajhin Igneous, Û wart. See Fiery.
khiyali.
[zatihi. Ignoble, Jj^
Identical (the same), <t_J^Jo W
See Mean, worthless.
Identity. îJlculj zat aehshay.
Ignominious, y-is fadih, *-~-*~x.*
Idiocy, idiotism, ^>-jahl, ,JJLc * JLC
ma^yub. Sec Base, mean.
Ignomiuiously, iatUii^Jd itio/
j.W. See Folly, stupidity.
Idiom, . _lko\ IK! i!<~ih,
>Ui loghat. Idiomatical,

mustalih, ^>.
majfixi
J litan,
fadihat.
Ignominy, -t"^-^ fadlhat, _ ~u.
tafdih, ~:: kulili, *_ --<- r,r'_;//.'
See Disgrace, reproach, shame,
ILL
ILL
604
banduk. See
illegitimate,
Spurious.
branded with ignominy
infadah.
[Fool. [11-favoured,
aaurat. See Deformed.
Ignoramus, *. Jj>U- j&hil. See
Illiberal (parsimonious), J-ir
Ignorance, J $ > j<M,
lakhll. See Avaricious.
jahalat. Gross ignorance,
Illicit, \js~ har&m.
\^j* j<M mwraklwib. Pretended Illimitable, JJcs-'o^ la, yutahaddad.
ignorance, LJ-S>^^ tajdhul.
Illimited, 6A.s.-*j-~-z ghayr muhaddad.
Ignorant, JU>- /<zA*7. Ignorantly,
Illiterate, *L:ij btla îlm, Jj>lsr
baseness,
meanness. To
be
Iliac passion, *-^f kulanj.

t_
111 (bad), ,*A_J kablh, &~>\i fdsid;
(indisposed), (j^.j^ marld, J_ji*-
matlul.
t_
Ulation, A&tej natljat.
ufference.
jahH. Illiterateness, illiterature,

Jjtl1 ,.V2 idjuiii al film.
Illness, uOj" marad. See Disease,
sickness.(badness), jL*s/adrf.
a^Lj kabahat. See "Wickedness.
See InIll-nature,
Ulaudable, J.+Ji\lJ&>**j) la
yastahuk al ntadh.
cLWlj^-i sharasat
alatbdt..
See Malevolence.
Ill-natured, cL-ls^^J; rarfi a^
Ill-bred, jiU-iil^Jj radl al akhlaL
aiid^.
Illegal, illicit, c^lHuJiU- khiluf Ill-timed, sJjs^-.i^Sî % /J
ghayr mahalliho, See Unseason
ashshar^, ^c^j.-f ghayr shar^
able.
IK_^- haram. Illegality, ^
Illuminate, v. illume, illumine,
_e.-tij^c^^^^ Jcaicn ashsh
jjj nawwar, jydf %amal nur.
ghayr sharî. Illegally, ^-j^
See Enlighten, decorate, illustrate.
mm ghayr hak, j+ff
Illuminated, ,f~* mwwwwar, ti\;jJ
_i it 'a a i'- -..in
nit run /, j~* munlr,
/a
Illegible (writing),
Illegitimacy,
J rarfl.
a<'^ annur.
Illumination, L-c rfyfl, jy ur
ILL
605
Illuminator, s. j~*+ munir,

mwMwwir.
IMA
Illustriously,
maihhur.
j binawîn
Illusion (false appearance),

khaydl, jftij tasawwur. See De
Image, 'ijê eHrat, Ji-i

^yoj tasteir, iyu^ aykunat. See
Idol, statue, picture ; copy, like
ception, error, mockery. The
illusions ofdreams, *iLs-i!'iJl5^L>.
ness ; idea.
Images, imagery
khayalut al ahlam. The illusions

of the devil, JLjlii.,idA
(statues, pictures, etc.),ê smear,

<J\jjfe3 taswirat, J_._iUj' ta-
taswilat shaytdniyat,
muill.
-Ji tasawls shaytdniyat, Imaginable,
ii_/ mutasawwar,
c^?Liyj waswasdt thayjU kdbil al filer.
tdniyat.
Imaginary, imaginative,
TT
Illusive, ^\->- khiyali.
kiyCisi, Îl^ri- lihiyali, J-^-s:
Hlustrate,.(elucidate), -tf^j toaddah,
mutakhayyal, ,c^j wahml. See
w
*
\ (
^.^jo bayyan, j**i fassar. jâ\
Ideal. The imaginative powers,
aihar. See Explain ; also illu
O.n jrv+iii EI*" kumat al mutaiehayminate, brighten. Illustrated,
yilat.
-.jjî^t mashruh.
Imagination, J^>- Maytil, ûi
Illustration, ^S-_jJ tawdlh, ^Lj-J
kiycis, jj.i 7 tasawwir, ^-=^
bayan, j\e\ izhdr, j~iu ta^bir,
takhayyul, *^j wahm, *& ta-jj* shark, j~*su tafsir,
, j fikr, <Qa-L multit&wil, i*Ju_jXj ta-jrlf,
^ %ann, +cj za^m. Imagi
tawslf, iâiu tafsll. See Ex
nations, c^?LaT takhayyalut.
planation, exposition.
See Conception, idea, fancy, con
Illustrative,
trivance.
wa tafsirl. Illustratively,
Imagine,
v. jîu taiawwar, *cj
ti,L.jjse_jri likol sharhin via
~n -.a HI, ^ zann. See Fancy,
bayan.
Illustrious, JL_s:!c_-^9-L<9 sahib
al jals.1, Jui^- jalll. His illus
trious ancestors, .IJa-tll j_v
njdadaho al
figure, contrive, think.

Imagined, ^.^x. mutasawwar.
Imaginer, s. (J^-i- khdyil, jy^~*
nnitaeawtoir, JJacUi mutakhayyil.
27
1MI
606
Imbecile, Jy-f lahlul. See Feeble,

weak of mind.
Imbecility, ,jji_!lu-6)us du^f al
%akl. See Feebleness, weakness.
Imbecility of mind,
killnt. al cakl.
IMM
^j Jzj\ iktada' ; (to counterfeit),
1.; tatewar, jJj kallad. Imi-^>>
i
tated, ^jXiSL* muktadd, ijlL
mukallad.
Imitation (copying), JulJu takhd,
\^j\ iktida.
Imitative, ^JuLiij taklldi.
Imbibe, v. c_JiX>- jazab,

tasharral, <_
sheret. Imbib- Imitator, . ,_JcjL mukladl.
ing, an imbiber,
muta- Immaculate, ^pJOill^^tÛg
sakkl. Ground which does not
min addanas, .alls tahir. See
imbibe rain, * - *-^^ ufd
Pure, spotless.
wafaât.
[tnirr. Immaterial, immaterialized, imImbitter, embitter, v-fi&Zâmalaho
materiate, Aua.'^-^Lj Ji7o jasad,
A...^-1-f ^ ghayr mutajassid. See
Imbody, embody, v. (bring together
into one mass), 5*^ jama^.
Incorporeal.Immateriality, im-
See Incorporate.(to coalesce),

materialness, A^?='*
JUo_l lasal;.
al jasad.
Imbolden, embolden, v. <uJ*t^J^ Immature (not ripe), jf faj; (not
kawwa' kallaho. See Encourage.
kamil.
perfect), J*
Imbosom, embosom, v. Jplt Immeasurable,
See Embrace.
See Immense.
Imbonnd, embound, v. See Inclose. Immediate, -ol&- hddir.
See
To embow. See Arch.
Instant, present.
Imbrown, embrown, v. j*-i\4^f Immediately, t\^- hallan,
Immemorial, *JOJ kadlm, *lj11*.) Jii
âmalaho asmar. See Darken.
Imbue, v. _*tf sabagh. See Dye.
al ayydm. See Ancient.
Imitable (possible to be imitated), Immense, immensurable,
HI ain li/! al
Iculil attaklid,
o/ iktidu.
Imitate, v. (copy), ,J_AJ
fo'M laho,
ghayr mahsftr. See Excessive,
unbounded, infinite, huge.
IMM
607
Immensely, J^î^^* min ghayr

hadd. See Immense.Immensity,
immensurability, JjvXs-VjicUujl
ittiidc. ghayr mahdud.
IMM
&huh. See Obscene, im
pudent.Immodesty, Lcv.-yc^^
min ghayr haya. See Impudence,
obscenity.
Immerge, immerse, v. (put under Immolate, v . <ff. zabah.

Immolation, _'
water), (_^li2 ghattas. See Sink.
See Sacrifice.
Immersed, ^ji. gharlk, jj\JK~V
Immoral, (_/u^-^9 fdhish. See Bad,
mustaghrik, Immersed in wicked
wicked, dishonest.
ness,
M TjfcJ*'"'
.'JL* "---T
Immorality, j_/i^sl! fahsh, (Jn>*j /*
mustaghrik bilf.sk walfy/ur.
See Dishonesty, wickedness.
Immersion, jjyi ghark,
Immortal, cu-*-1^ /a yamut, , .^
Immethodical, *l'-i_
hay. See Eternal.
.'//"// ntzam, J--'^-1 '<//
Immortality, Uj ^?fe, ^^.xJ'^'.j
See Confused.Immethodically,
daw&m annafs.
('dijlb //'/ ntzd/n.
Immortalise, f. J^Jjli- khallad
Imminent, uJû** mwhrif,
tikraho. See Eternalise, cele
Imminent danger,
brate. (to become immortal),jUi
Unit (If
iSJyU^fAii sar duyim Id yamut.

Immortally, <J JUj^cyj binatetjn
lu zawdl laho. See Eternally.
Immit, P. cî-J dakhkhal, J.i-jl
Immoveable, (J^-jeL*^ -_r Âyr
Immobility, ^j^-f *Mifiw, <^sr! ., JLC
mutaharrik. Immoveable effects
tadam al harakat.
(real estates), >Jl^lj\JU âkardt,
Immission,
dukhnl,
Immoderate, JlAxclilj 4i7a i^tid&l,
Ll/5Ll amldk. Immoveably,

k)jJts;Ujlaa'. mutajuwizalhudud.
L^-p-L i7d harakat.
8e Excessive, immense.Im Immunity, \_i\_** muûfdh. A
moderately. See Excessively.
privilege or charter of immunity.
Immoderation, JI.V -..,c^l.iA-f.
t^J^-j baraat. See Freedom,
-, a tinm al i^tiddl. See Excess.
privilege.
[fine.
Immodest, Ls'tJJjj kalil al Jtayn,
Immure, . ^/u->*- A<zJ<w. See Con-
IMP
608
IMP
Immutability,
Impatiencc,^r~J!,Ju: âdam attabr.

attaghayyur, CJ\J sabdt. ImSee Vehemence, eagerness.
mutable.^jjc.)^ Id yutagliayyar. Impatient, (J^^t^x ghayr mutahammil.
[sair.
Impair, v. (diminish or wear),
^fOAJ naJckat, t JJ >i'' -'<-., S-^r1- Impatiently, jêj^c.^ min ghayr
kharab. _See Injure, hurt, spoil. Impawn, . ^^ rahan. See Pledge,
Impair, impairment, tâsj nakt,
pawn.
[a/so impede, hinder.
c :J naz^. See Diminution, de Impeach, . *-!>' taham. Sec Accuse ;
crease.Impaired, j_/uli nakis. Impeachable, *^sj i/nf/niiii. Im
See Diminished. To he impaired,
peached. See Indicted, accused.

Impeaclier. See Accuser.
Impeachment,
^y--i ./ikioah. See
[mpalpahle, (j**l)l ^{j^. ghayr
mumkin al lams, û*^_Lj:l ^d
Complaint, accusation ; abo im
C ^~>'' it.t'l'i'-..
yidmas.
Imparity.
[equality.
pediment, hindrance.
See Disproportion, in- Impede, v. _i.- mana^, ^j>j*J taImpart, t>. (communicate), jf-A.
iarrad. See Hinder, obstruct.
Ithabbar. See Eeyeal, inform. Impediment, _i* maiti, ^^tj ta(to grant), .-*/ manah. See Give.
ârrud, j-J^ mani^ (pi. j-J^j-*
Impartial, (Jjle tiidil, ^ jcl Jliflt<;dnu). See Obstruction, op
Mdft a? gharad, L_ o. -.-... munsif,
position.
J Jot* fMrft7, JjLo firf/t. See Impel, v. ,jJl alzam, jL *di. See
Equitable, just, disinterested.
Drive, compel, urge, press.
Impartiality, <Q\Jic tadalat, t
Impellent or impelling power, t,
ins&f. See Justice, equity.
itiljJUy kuwat addufiiat. See
Impartially,
mtn
Impulsive.
tagharrud,
-:\yA\) bil satedb.
Impartible. See Communicable.
Impassable,
mttmkin al
Impassioned. See Passionate.
Impenetrable, jJ! J^jJI^jCî

ghayr mwnkin addukhitl ilayhi.
Impenitence, LîJl-t.v. s iadam
attatcbat.
Impenitent, Ajli^c yAayr nadim,
k_^-.''o : gfiayr taib.
IMP
609
IMP
Impenitently, iLtÂiL bilu nadumat.

yamkin addukhul ilayhi. See im
passable, impenetrable.
Imperative, i^Sj-*\ amrl. The
Impetuosity,
impetuousness, (^srs>
affirmative imperative of a verb,
In'film, iijul thiddat, j*s*- jabr.
j*\ amr. The negative impera
See Violence, fury, rapidity, force,
tive, ^j nahl.
precipitation.
Imperceptible, û^fjî ghayr
Impetuous,
-V-î s/t>lid, > .' r
mahsus, jjaistjfO. ghayr manzur.
^flraz/. See Violent, furious, rapid,
Imperceptibly, j^ \i:*j~zfterj->
precipitate.
M wajhin ghayr manzilr.
*
Impetuously,
^^^ bi skidJutin.
Imperfect, J^l^-j: yhayr ks.mil,
See Violently.
i_fai\J naki*.
Impetus,
jt ; zicr, i*> kfttcat.
Imperfection, ÛiaJ nuksan, v_ --j~a& talair, JUÛjic Impiety, ^lii najG.lt, J& kufr.
Impious, <JJ\^ rmmafik,J& kufir.
al Jcam&l. See Defect.
See "Wicked, profane.Impiously,
Imperfectly, JUL Ma kamal.
jiLi
bi kufrin.
Imperforate, ^_- *- '---' ghayr
munsakib.
[kaysarl. Implacable, S*\mj~c. ghayr mu*&mih. See Inexorable, malicious,
Imperial, (JUaL> tutt&ni, .
irreconcileable.Implacably, *J
Imperious, /"-** mutakabbir, ->s
A<*luiwl! ,!'tinHI al m usa itinhf//.
mutaja/ii -, , tc.'.c cant/,
See
kahir, JUi ::<'ilint. See Haughty, Implant, 0. i_-aj natal.
Plant,
insert,
place.
arrogant, tyrannical. Imperi
ously, k_axeJJo likol %unf. Im- Implement, *. ill ulat. See In
strument, tool, utensil.To make
periousness, c_ft^f. unf,j$> kahr.
great
provision of the implements
Impertinence, <usU_) snfdhat. See
of war, uSjJ^
Folly.
kluir.au mablagh tttz/iit min
Impertinent, <)>-&-! a/fA (plur. l$jL;
tufaha).
See Foolish, trifling,
importunate, troublesome, intru

sive.
Impervious,
alat al karb.
Implication, 'i.\>\ ithdrat, L_U
kanayat, -'^s-vJ natljat.
See
Inference ; entanglement.
610
IMP
Implicit, Jl kdmil, *lj tarn.

See Complicated.Implicit confi
dence, (J^lijLc-:! i^timdd kdmil.
Implicit obedience,
a'<<;(</ tdmmat.
Implore, v. j~3J tadarra^,
IMP
ghayr mahallat. A thing of great
- \
importance,
maslahat
muhimmat, *<..
mi/him.
To be of importance, *i.-.jL? ar
A thing of no import
ance,
im.
See Beseech, ask, beg, Important (momentous) *f. muhim.

To render important, (-^JlLJ^
solicit.To implore the interces
sion ofanother, - *-..-! istashfa^.
;L'i^. âiital asItshy muhim
An implorer, ^^ rfdjj, ?yi^
mutadarri^. See Solicitor.
Imply, D. (comprise as a conse
quence),
ishtamal âla' nalayij.
See De
walazim.
Importation, j_)LiJlcr>ilcj-l tjtildb
al laddyi^. An importer, C_ji>^jL=j jalldl baddyi^.
Importunate, L)Jij
Impor
tunately,
note, signify ; infold, involve.
it/to/ takdlat.
Impoison, v. +*~i sammam.
Importune, v.
Impolitic, impolitical, t_j_,ja!l*j JLC
-tf^jl azâj. See Harass, teaze,
âdirn attadarrub. See Impru
molest.
dent.
Importune,
mudajjir. See
Import, v. (bring into any country),
Vexations. (unseasonable), tj
>-.-Ji7- jalab, JLJ nakal.
<lls'*_;..j: /I ghayr mahalloh.
To import goods, jLaji_J^>- Importunity, -jJusj tasdll^, r
jalab badaye^; (to be of moment),
ilhah.
* hamm. Wbat does that im Impose, r. j_ijj tniilttt.; (taxes or
port? îJtiljL* maza yaM.
other burdens) , t_flJ l$o .^.
Import, importance (consequence),
QjtfO daruriyat. See Moment.
Import (sense), .^JL* tna^na'.
Import (merchandize imported
from abroad)^..x^L^Lsr* _) Lu
majlulat min
rawa' lalayhim takallf. To im

pose (command as a duty, etc.),
(^jLc^^j farad âla',^t\ amor,
ijOji farad. See Order, enjoin.
To impose upon, (^^ ghath.
See Cheat, deceive.
[JIP
611
IMP
Imposed upon, j}j*~ maghrur.

(without power of propagation),
Imposition (laying one thing on
another), t_-i. wa<i-., . J far//. Impotently,
Imposition of taxes, etc., L-B..K.7
da-,fin
takllf. Impositions or public Impoverish, .yii fakkar.
burdens, iLj^cu-iJL^j takallf Impoverishment,
c.urfiyat. An imposition (com Impound, LU
mand), . hiikiii, Lai kudu. Impracticable,
See Injunction. (deceit), d-Lf>? Carnal. See Impos
hilat. See Cheat, fallacy, im
sible, untractable.
posture.
Imprecate, v.
Impossible, f~^f mumtanit, j*.
See Curse.
[See Curse.
(jLg ghayr mumkin, Jls-* muhal, Imprecation, IcJ tiu-.ti,
la^nat,
(J-^L^ mustahll. Impossible Impregnable, ^~* mani^. An im
things, C^Jls-* muhaldt.
pregnable fortress,
Impossibility, c.L:._r.l in/ 1 inn-.,
lii.tn fulfil. See Castle.
^LC.l'v^.v; âdam al imkan.
Impost, u-p;K" /,'/-///', f^j num.
See Taxes, toll, custom.
Imposthume, . <LLJ dummaht,
*j) waram.
Impregnate, v. (with young),

hablal.
Impregnated (with young), ,
hubla'.
To be impregnated,
L^-wL>- li/iblat. Impregnated
(filled), UU.J> shabiCin. See

Impostor, *. .l_C makkar, J\\z
Saturated.
[Pregnancy.
ghaddar, pi Sit khadda^.
Imposture, iQ..t- hilat,,j jlj tastoir. Impregnation, (J->- habal. See
Impress, . (imprint). y! aar; (to
See Deceit, fraud, cheat.
force into the service of govern
Impotence, impotency (want of
ment), jsf* sakhkhar. To im
power), ijjJ)/Jii tadam kudrat,
\sP âjas ; (incapacity of propapress upon the mind,JJ\ assar.
gation),JjBc i''J(
Impress, impression, impressure,
Impotent, >_n .,.P
iL.lt ittlamat, j>\ atr (plur. Î5l
utar), (J~*-> n/tLt/t. Impression
See Feeble, weak, powerless.
IMP
612
IMP
-"''<(image fixed in the mind), y--_country or estate,

al bildd.
filer. See Idea.
Impressed, *Lv muâllam. See Improvement,
tasfoh,
^
tamaddun. Improvement of an
Marked.A ship, horses, or any
estate,j~**j ta^mlr. See Cultiva
thing impressed into the king's
service, x.s.~> aukhra.
\jajan.
Imprison, v. ^/M-- hobos,

Imprisonment, \j>~- hals,
sajn.
mahlus,
Imprisoned,
mayun.
To be im
prisoned, iû-acrl inhalas.
Improbability, J 1*^-11 *,X
al ihtimal,
tion.(edification), *-l*J ta^llm,

i__-->.yj ti'n/i/i.
[m
Improved, **** musallah, Jr
Improver, s. J*^* musallih.
Improvident,
attadblr, JiLc ghafil.
Imprudence,dA& ghaflat, I-*
basirat, ^-; mJiu, JAC* Ac
Improbable,
ghayr Imprudent,
5i7a imtiyaz,
muhtamal. See Incredible.
Ai bila boalrat, Jjlc gMfil,
Improbity, iit!/JkC âdam ainunat.
See Dishonesty.
tadblr,
Improper, i_~*_
~_; ghayr mwuL- Imprudently, (J**-'^ *'^" taâkkul,
sib. Improperly,
1 f-- sahwan.
t wajhin ffhayr mitnanb. Impudence, .._--'..-. wakdhat, r_u
Impropriety,
4__>jl -.in/am adab.
al manasabat.
Impudent, '-^ -'-' /"'/ Aayd.
Improvable,
mumkin al Impudently,
mm
naft. Improvableness,
hayfi.
[See Attack, assault.
al naU
as a Impugn, r.
hqjam tola'.
country), ^l**!! Jjl_3 kabil al Impulse (effect of one body acting
upon another), <Lu!jjUj|JLM al
kuwat addafiât. See Incentive,
(toedify),c_;j| adddb, >Lc âllam.
instigation.
See Instruct. To improve a Impulsive, A**^JJIj<iJ laho kuwat
Improve, v. (make better), J^sallah ;
613
dafiiat, C-Lsr* muharrik. Im
pulsive force, a&j.-*:sji kuwat
muJiarrikat.
Impunity,
iUkulat,
\i>Ac âdam al
lA.Xc iOdam al
INA
attawali.
In this case,
' Aazd attakdlr.
Inability, iJA_aJ\,jLe âdam al

kudrat, iyUl,jLC âdam al kuwat.
See Impotency.Inability of re
sistance, i'v-.j'JUll*jLi UKlam al
titat.
Impure,
tdhir,
mukdwamat.
[al wutul.
najis. See Nasty, filthy.
Inaccessible, J^jl\îif mumtani^
Impurely, 'ij\oj*.^y* ruin ghayr Inaccuracy, ^Jixll/tiXc âdam al
taharat.
dikkat. See Incorrectness.
Impurity, impureness, aj^Âe Inaccurate, ^s-^jî ghayr sahih.
âdihn taharat, JLiLaT najdsat.
See Incorrect, imperfect.
See Eilthiness, nastiness.
Inaction, inactivity, 0jS?\*.
-,(icl(ini al harakat.
Imputable, ^J -t -- ^^* muhtamal,
Inactive,
<L_^cr!jtXc âdlm al
mumkin al isnud,
harakat, ^Ly^ kaslan. See Idle,
Itarll HI taM. See
indolent, lazy, sluggish. In
Accusable, chargeable.
likol kasal.
actively,
Imputation, JL*^-! ihtimd.1, iv+^j
ghayr
tuhmat, /l^3l itham, jliol isnud. Inadequate,
ghayr
muwafik, i_
ghayr Ao/i,
munutib,
j ndkis. See Defective.To
be inadequate, j^l ma led;
^pljl* md wdfak.
Inadequately, LiilJ,A)u bi âdam
In the meantime, j
laydkat.
In
Inadvertency, ^-> sahu, JI^>1 ihmdl.
; (on
See Negligence. Inadvertent,
See Accusation, charge, calumny,

reproach, alander.
Impute, -:.'' taham. See Accuse,
censure, reproach, slander.
Imputer, *. Jblj tuhim.
In,
/i.
i_x JO
fact,
/or in),
tala>
al manwal al mashruh.
In a
continued series,
JjU Âo^/.
See Careless, negligent. Inadvertently, ^(ij ,^ ..i

saJiwan.
INB
614
Inalienable,
ahhad yakdir yatasarraf bihi,
Inanimate, ^J^ btta ratch,
jantid.
ghayr
Inapplicable,
.*.
ghayr
munasibf
mutabik.
Inapplication,
ijtihad. See Indolence.
Inarticulate, \ub\\j.*z*j?s. ghayr
INC
Incage, v. J_/*iSîj wada^fll

kafas. See Confine, imprison.
Incantation, -s-1 aAr or 'Ar. See
Enchantment.
[Inability.
Incapableness, incapability. See
Incapable (unfit), J;1^^ fffayr
kabil, (jdpz ghayr luyik ; (with
out power), SjjL bila kuwat;
(without understanding),
bila ilm.
mutamayyaz al lafz. An inarti Incapacious,
ghayr
culate sound, inarticulateness,
See Narrow. Incapaciousness,
lafz ghayr mutaaliraK-.iil.
Incapacity, JJJ*JVAc tadam al
mayyai.
min ghayr
>Xc t
Inartificial,
sanât. See Artificial.
See Inability.
Inattention, JjLij taghaful, iii Incarcerate, .
habat. See
Imprison.
JLlljj^J kuUat dayaran al
Incarnate,
j~ocUt mutajasiid.
bal. See Inadvertency.
1 1 [attentive , Îc ghafil,
Incase, . c-olr. ghallaf. See En
ghayr muntabih, 1cJ>^ *ahi. See
close, cover, envelope.
Careless, negligent.
[muc. Incautious, Jilc ghafil, ^-jJoSj
Inaudible, e. y^M^j^s, ghayr BMWi*7d <arfizr. See Careless.In
Inaugurate, v, (j*J> karras,
cautiously, Ulc ghafilan,
rasam. See Consecrate. In
it'io/ ghafatin,
ihmal.
auguration, KJ*-J bny-,rrf.
takdls. The inauguration of a Incendiary, *. (one who sets houses,
king, ijîî\,^,^-julusal maliJc.

See Coronation.
[Unfortunate.
Inauspicious, ,^Û manhus. See
Inborn, .Je feili. See Innate.
etc. on fire), J^/*seditious man),

muharrik al fitnat,
muharrik al fasud,
(a
mufnd.
615
INC
Incense,
Incense, v.
harsh, severe, merciless, boisterSee

ous.
Exasperate, irritate.Incensed, Inclinable, JjL muytl,
\
ii ghadban.
raffhib. See Willing, favourable.
Incentive, s. \
muharrik. Inclination (propension of mind),
See Impulse, instigation. In
mayl, &~-Zj rughbat,
centive (stimulating), ^jS-" muinjizab. See Affection,
harrid, i^SjS.-* muharrik.
love, propensity.(disposition of
Incessant, *j1>v* mudawim, *j
mind),^lsUu khutir; (tendency
dayim.
Incessantly,
downward), (J.^* mayl.
dayman,
.;3I _J 1J dayim al Incline, v. (to be favorably dis
ayyam.
posed), JU mal; (to bend, lean
Incest, s
downward), JL mal.
irtikab azzina ma^ al akarib.
Inclined, (Jjt mayil, i_skxi,
Incident, s. AjjW hadisat, (?>\&i\
munâtif, uJjlaiK ma-^tuf. See
ittifdJc. See Accident.
Bent.
Incidental, incident, (JU5\ ittifakl. Inclining, J-jt mayil,
Incidentally, liUi'l ittifakan.
Include, . (comprise), |JL
Incision, incisure, s. lj>-\j>- jarahat,
ihtawa1 âla', LJ^tJ^xi)l ishtamal
^SLi thifi. See "Wound.
Incite, t>. \j>j*~ harrad, C^j=>~
âla'. See Contain ; afoo enclose.

Included, inclusive, ,Jri-L% dakhil,
harraii, i-~j raghghab, ^L^s>~

J-c-i^ mushtamil.
See Con
hast. See Excite, animate.
tained.
Incitement, i^.)jsCtahnk, âijoer Incog, incognito, ^jisx* mutkhaffl.
tahrid, ^_* -.-^ has. See Incentive,
To be incognito, concealed or
impulse.
disguised, âsC takhaffa'.
Incivility, i-_?L>lLlj killat adb.
Incoherence, incoherency, /
Inclemency, A_a_Li,*kX_c âdatn
iodam al manatabat.
thafakat. See Cruelty, severity, Incoherent, '
^ '
ffhayr
ronghness.
munasib.
Inclement, JU0 zalim. See Cruel, Incombustible,
la. yvhrak.
INC
Income, J^=i.j*, madkhul.
616
See
INC
foctivc, imperfect.Incomplete
ness, ija&j naks,^j^j kusiir. See
Produce, revenue.
Incommensurable, .-jVajS Id yukas.
Imperfection, defect.
Incommode, incommodate, v. tJwj Incompliance, <Lftj\j^J\,i\c âdam
sadda^ khdtiraho, Jê
al mutcdfakat.
-.I'linil âlihi zahmat, Incomprehensible,inconceivable(not
*-.**j taâb. See Hinder, em
barrass.
Incommodious,
musaddi^.
^_
Incommodiously,
zulimat. lucommodiousness,
to be conceived), cl^Ji^ Id
udrak, ,J>t!l v^j fatok al takl.
Incomprehensible (not to be con
tained), ^wLjib bild ktyds. Incomprehensibleness, incomprehen
sibility, (J_TUuNjil,4Jic âdam al
zahmat, i_i 10 takalluf. See In

idrak.
convenience.
>$ Id yunhasir.
Incompressible,
Incommunicable,
ghayr mumkin al baydn. See Inconcealable,
Id yukhfa'.
Communicate.
nakit, f>^jÎnconclusive,
Inuomparabley..]^ ^ U mdlaho nazir,
ffhayr tarn.
Inconclusively,
-fcJiJIiXiJ farid vddahr, jjLj
bild natijat. Inconclunadir. Incomparably, .& '<\>
siveness, JLs\iiS\*Jtc âdam al
bild nazlr, lU-uILJ'ij bild tashbih.
natijat.
Incompassionate,
lj
bild
*J
Inconditional, Jî^-i ghayr shard.
shafakat.
rahmat,
Inconformity, nonconformity, /At
See Pitiless.
<ULl.-*ll tadam al muwdfakat.
Incompatible,
tuIncongruity, incongruence, *Jt_c
w&fik. See Inconsistent.
<UiL*ll iodam al munasdbat, *J^
Incompetent, t_-^~ili^--c
i'_~j '-.'.' âdam al muwdfakat.
mundsib, ^"i^c ghayr Idyik.
Incongruous, <ji\j,*j~c. ghayr muwdfik, t_~:U^..i ghayr mundsib.
bi wajhin ghayr munasib. InInconsiderable, <sljLiclll Id i^tibdr
competency. See Inability.
Incomplete, ,>ej\j ndkis. See Delaho, .j-i^ l& shy, ^jJ dun. See
Incompetently, ursL-jr*c<s<S^-jJ
INC
617
INC
Trifling. - Inconsiderableness, Inconstancy, OJl ..'. il/tAc

iitdam i^tib&r.
assabdt. See Fickleness.
Inconsiderate, ^JuL bild tadblr, Inconstant, kjôljî ghayr sdbat,
j^pjlis tdyish. Inconstantly, ..y^
tjâiL bild basirat, -O.o Inlii
. J ?/'/;. r/ sabdt.
filer, JjU ghafil. See Imprudent,
negligent, careless.Inconsider Inconsumable, <_;o."..-.4 < mumtani^ al itlaf, - Us-.^ fc yankatii.
ately, L'-l^ --->.-' liilii muldhazat.
See Carelessly, rashly.Incon- Incontestable, L;jL^<uL m<i i'A
shufi, j_Ll_j
siderateness, inconsideration, *^~
i<c.?. An incon
testable
proof,
<jLiJ_Jj
^c.adam al baslrat.
Ad/i. See Indisputable.
Inconsistence, inconsistency, .xe
âdam al mutabakat, Ac Incontinence, <^J
in In'iit fil: liiI ehahivdf,
-.mlant al munasabat,
al Lt
<t-,JLs^* mukhulafat, i_lii-l
Incontinent, (ikhtilaf(v\. cyliLssJ ikhtil&fat},
munhamik bil ihahtedt. Incon
JJoljn muianadat, JiJ' taâllul,
tinently, kl/U^JlJCj bikol inijL13l,jLC iadam alliydkat. See
himdk.
Incongruity.
Incontrovertible, cljJ<ut ma bihi
_OI'' -,.<"!i! a' al fkr, S^MaJl/tJvc
Inconsistent,
toiifik,
mukh&lif, j}\
See Indisputable.
-.x ghayr mu-i Âayr nmnasib, Inconvenience, 4
i
al laydkat, <U*s-J zahmat. See

n/n/iil-. i_aJ Isr*
Difficulty, trouble. (unfitncss),
mughayir,
'--;%. Ai -.inliiM muwdfakat.
mtmQ.fi,
mundkid. See Contrary, absurd, Inconvenient (incommodious),

J .-/-'/ A// ; (unfit), ~
repugnant. - Inconsistently,
ghayr muwdfik. See Inex
w --- -^ -^ -' i wajhin ghayr
pedient. Inconveniently,
mundsib.
; /;/// -dim/ill, _jiA-0 ,
Inconsolable, ^
iai7 attadiyat. See Sorrowful.
takallaf.
618
INC
Inconversable, -I IjejU la yuta-.ushar.
INC
Incorruptibility,
iucorruptness
(purity of manners), -1* aid/t,

See Unsociable, incommunicative.
ijlÎa taharat. See Honesty, in
Inconvincible, j-xai-i^ la yunkani^.
tegrity,
chastity.(freedom from
Incorporal, incorporate, incorporeal,
decay), LJ' _'o âtum alfanH.
^c. ghayr mutajassid, Jb
4i7a Jasad. Incorporality, Incrassate, v. uXvj iammak.
aljasad.
Incorporate, . (mingle), SaLi- khalat.

See Mix.
Increase, . (make more or greater),

jL> zrld, (_sLsl
more or greater),
(to growkeber, , Vi r.
Incorporation,
Hhak, jll ilham,
imtit&j, Increase,
siyddat,
~e dam. See Mixture, union.
izdiyad,
^JJ taiayud,
An incorporation (a college, body
taJcAr.
of artisans, etc.), *Jj- hirfat. Increased, jo* muzdad.
See Association.
Increaser, . JoJ-< muzayyid.
Incorrect, ^s^jJi ghayr sahlh.
Increated, j^Lsr^c ghayr makhlnk.
See Inaccurate Incorrectly, ^
Incredibility, incredibleness, *Ji
-.ruin,,! attasdllc.
In
Incorrectness, isf*A âdam sah-
credible, JJwaXi^ 7d yatasaddak.

hat, -Iw-1 *A- -i ://,',it islah,
ihm&l.
See Inaccuracy.
Incorrigible,
attasllh,
Incredulity, incredulousness, *JLC

jUbii!! âdam al i^tikuA.
In
credulous,^!^ ô/7r.
Increment. See Increase, produce.

1 iloncss, _? *
ul isluh. Incrust, D. (with plaster, paint, etc.),
L.-V-A- layyat.
[talyit.
See Depravity, ivickedness In
Incrustation (on walls, etc.),
corrigibly,
See Profligate.Incorrigi-
Incubate, v.
attasllh.
Incorrupt, incorruptcd, j&î tahir,
kaâdat c
(Ût- khdlis, f\*e sulih, Jâ
hadanat. See To sit upon eggs.
t&fl. See Pure, good, honest.
Incubation,
IND
619
IND
Incubus (night-mare), IJM^ kabm Indecent, iJj'.Sj bila adab,

(plur. ^JM~J\j) kawubls}.
yhayr layik.
[adab.
Inculcate, *J_c âllam. See In Indecently, <.
Indeclinable,
struct, teach.
j~& ghayr
mutasarrif.
[cency, indecent.
Incult. See Uncultivated. [less.
Indecorum,
indecorous.
See IndeInculpable, fj barl. See BlameIndeed (in reality, in truth),
Incumbent (lying upon),
*-s\j*\j,fllwakit, l-JLto. haklmuttakl ; (imposed as a duty),
*JJ) I'lr.ini, ^ô^-U WQjib) itSjifG
katan, lJL_i=^ tahklkan,
dururl.
jLJLssU \ i<tla' al tahklk, A-LAg! 1 J
See Proper, necessary.
Incur, v. (JjfcLsJ istahal, ^JiÛil

ittahak.
Incurable, <L-!_!Le!! la îldj laho,

Lt] !_.X4^ mumtani^ al
Incurableness, incurability, (
Ic
fll haklkat. See Certainly.

Indeed ! (is it possible ! wonder
ful !) L^ âjaban.
Indefatigable, t
Indefatigably,
la yadab.
i bila taâb,
i. Incurably,
ItL i7a tilaj,
mm (/// HiH-.Cilijiii.
Indefeasible,
fll iltal.
Incurious, ,Jjl)C^ mutaghajU. See Indefensible (incapable of resist

Negligent, inattentive.
ance), <tjUUl! J-iX4* MIlMtliiii-,
Incursion, . <-si> hujum, aLLjal makaioamat ; (admitting no
hamlat. See Invasion, attack.
apology), ^,ji*Jlîs^ mumtani^
Incurvation, incurvity, UssH t'nAtna,
al %tzr. See Inexcusable.
inîwaj. See Curvature. Indefinite, J^ A*-*^ ghayr mahdild.
Incurvate, . (_s
hana'. See Indefinitely, i*îsr*_i <t^-_i Jt
Bend, crook.
wajhin ghayr mahswr.
Indebted (being in debt),
Indelible, 11 r^ ''^'(J - -a--- t
mady&n ; (having obligations),
muttahll al indiras,
^jû^t mamn&n.
mumtani-, al iltal.
Indecency, c-jjUjic âdam adab. Indelicacy, Li \]o * JLC
IND
IND
G20
Indelicate, i_(LklJI,j.Xe âdlm al Index, *. (whatever points to any

[addarar.
thing), JJj dalll. See Fore
luff.
c^;! *-' f";"~hf
finger.The index to a book,
Indemnification,
<LJ/J fahrasat.
[^JcJS Hindi.
Indemnify, v.
India,
jcJLNlL'
bilddalhind.
Indian,
wad âllhi addarar.
Indicate, v.
ashdr ila\
See Show, point out.
[ilayhi.
Indicated, <U_1 1 .*-**
al in >!-.<> I*' It nun al kisas.
almuma'
c*
Indication, ij I1 1 isharat,
Indent, v. (to covenant),
dalalat, JSjiol istidlal, Ltb.
Carnal shurut.
See Contract,
<alumat, *8el i^lam, ,^l_fc.j
bargain.
Independence (freedom from con
burhan, j\a\ izhur. See Mark,
trol), JL_a._i-jl istiklul. See
sign, token ; symptom ; informa
Indemnity (exemption from punish
ment),
Liberty, freedom.
tion, intelligence.
Independent (uncontrolled), JA-. .<,.. Indicating, indicant, Jlj dal.
mitstakil, {jfib* mutlak ; (without Indict, v. (accuse of a crime),
isMaka' ^M. See
reference or connexion), ^^Lt^-i
Accuse.
glwyr mutaâllik. Independently
Indictable, AjliLlxSlw^^-^ wSjib al
(freely), :.^-~. mustakiUan.
shakilyat. Indicted, <S-lc JliA^
Indeterminable (not to be defined
mushtaka' -..n/'/'/, -.. ^_. masmum.
or fixed),
Indictment, 'V. '-'"--' *hak&yat. See
al fasl,
Accusation.
al haw, j\jsl\ ijListj-z. ghayr
Indiflferenee,
indifl'erency (coldness,
.a Km i: iii al kardr.
want of affection), i'Oj^J burudat,
Indeterminate, indetermined (not
'-... ^"*/i\ c. ti'tlii,ii- muhabbat ;
defined or fixed), J)jA v*j~z.
(carelessness), Jl^l ihmal. See
ghayr mahdud. See Indefinite,
Negligence. (equipoise,
sus
unsettled.
[al hadd.
pension of judgment), J!jrl
Indetennination, Jus'l*
Indevout, t_$^-jL:.-!\|>j>xj t<
uttakwa' .
muwdzanat.
See Impartiality.
IND
621
Indifferent (cold, unaffectionate),
IND
Indignity, iLjl&i ih&nat. See Con
JJj^_Jt_-^*-ls sahib burudat;

tumely, insult.
(careless), Jjli ghafil ; (left to Indigo, J-J nil.
free choice), jZ+s-'* mukhayyar ; Indirect (not straight), _x. mu(disinterested), liLcyiHîXe -.in/'mt
âwwaj, i_pL+ multawl. Crooked,
al gharadiyat, ^^JLr>- khalis ;
(in a state of mediocrity), J Jc.
i~>v~ mutawissit.
Indifferently (coldly),
curved (not honest), ^Lerî i f

ghayr salih. Indirectly, u^Lil
ishi'i I'H(MII, l^ô kanuyatan ; (dis
Indigenous, t_jjJj ia&wfi.
ghafil. See Imprudent. Indis

creetly, JJUjL bild taî
Indiscretion, rfJJic ghaflat, J^
:<!i!litni oasiraty iu*--' *->
honestly), iA.*s'lj bil hllat. In

directness, iff- <(&v>j \ (unfair
Jz'io? burudat ; (indiscriminately),
^jyiib bildfark; (tolerably, pass
ness), 4-L>. hllat, <-UJ! kabahat.
ably), lk~jj tawassitan.
See Dishonesty.
[inanzur.
Indigence, ju fakr. See Poverty, Indiscernible, j-\ ^'-". r. * 9âyr
Indiscreet, ,JJJllj bild tadllr, (Jjlc
want, necessity.
Indigent, (_/JjL* muflis, -.L^s^*

muhtaj, jû fakir. See Poor,
needy.
Indigested (not arranged, rude),
i_^-j'^j'-lj /(//,? tartlb ; (not con
cocted in the stomach), t-^---f -^
gjtayr munhadim. Indigestible,
../ HI i' a' Iitiii. <il. li adai.
Indigestion, .U^r takhmat.
Indignant, c_;^d_c ghadul.
Angry.
Indignation, '_ - -^ - ghadab.
Bee
To
excite indignation, _ ^ -^ ^
ghaddal. See Exasperate.With
indignation,
imtiyaz. See Eashness,

imprudence.
Indiscriminate, \j)j'^-= ghayr
mafruk. Indiscriminately, 11>
^jJ bildfark.
Indispensable, /jil Idzim, -* "^
muktadi, ^jjj-*a dururl. See
Necessary. Indispensableness,
Liiiil iktidd, îjj-^ dururat.
Indispensably, L-^,5 fardan,
\3jjji> dururatan, lj^jal\i
bil dururat. See Necessarily.
Indispose, v. (in point of health),
IND
622
IND
a tin-, iff, ^^- ahawwash;
ness,j X*J /* JL= -.nila nt al imtiydt.
(to render unfit), j-Lc^JLe ghayyar

%ala' (to make averse),
See Confusion. (want of clear

ness), ^LJl^jLi tadam al bayan.
.Ac aghdub tola'.

Indisposed, âi-j* marld,
Indite, v. (write), fjj\ ansha' ;

(dictate a letter), ^(jaj nas laho.
ma^lul. See Infirm, sick.Indis- Individual, Jo-'., wahid; (an indi
vidual), (-/AS:~' shakhs (pi. L/sls~i \
posedness, indisposition, i s^rl
lj-*J! inhiraf al mizuj. See
ashkhas. Individually, IJ^s IJ^J
Sickness.
fardan fdrdan, \&&-\j ljo-1^ wdIndisputable, \_f>\ji
hidan wuhidan. See Singly.
4-.
*.
kabil al i^tirad,
Indocible, indocile, JixsJ^JjLj^-ji
mustahll al manaaiât. Indisghayr kalil al taâllwn.
putableness, (j^-ii-J yakin. See Indolence, indolency, Jl^l ihmal,
Certainty. Indisputably, LiLJiat"
,J^ /v ..-.'/. See Sloth, laziness.
tahklkan, .^..JLJLj bil yakin,
(freedom from pain) *->-\*&s.
U.| yalfinan. See Certainly.
iadam al waja^.
Indissolvable, indissoluble, J^V'S Indolent, Jjlc ghufil, J^lfc hamil.
^5 yunhal, âA^ \ ul >.<\...- mustaSee Lazy, slow, slothful.Indo
hll al naJcd. See Inseparable,
lently, J-^JJj likol kasal. See
firm, obligatory, everlasting.
Carelessly, slothfully.
Indissolubility, indissolubleness, Indubitable, indubitably,
t^J \Xij)!!,JkC âdam al injikak.
See Firmness.Indissolubly, L
<J)U^'I bfla inhilal.
Indistinct,j**sij+. ghayr mumayyaz.
bila slialc. See Undoubted.

Induce, v. **L$f*- harrak.
harrad. See Excite, incite, per
suade.
See Confused.Indistinctly (not Induced, i^J^s^1 muharrak, (jo^-s*
clear), ^Lo,-^^.^-* min ghayr
muJiarrad. See Persuaded, pre
bayan, ^ji\i bilafark. See Con
vailed upon.
fusedly.An object seen indis Inducement, w-^..-Ty-J' targhll,
tinctly at a distance, ,-A.i shabh
uajss? tahrld, (L^jS^ tahrlk.
(plur.
athbdh). IndistinctSee Incentive, motive.
INK
623
Induction, Jî.jL* madkhal.
See
INE
Inebriated, ^~> takran. See

Drunk.
Ineffable, -L&^SJ^LKJ^ to yamkin
teaxfit/t<>, L_ -î^ to yawsaf.
Entrance, inference.
Inductive, j_xL mukni-.. See Per
suasive, inferring.
Indulge, v. (grant), ^.xj\ anâm Ineffective, ineffectual, inefficacious,
e^ mtn ghayr fdîliyai,
tula', <.. manah ; (show kind
id<!/.
Ineffectually, inef
azhar al
ness), A..A.. .*.
fectively, inefficaciously, j^f-^
thafakat.
See Favor, fondle,
<uLtli m ^âyr faitliyat. Ingratify.
Indulgence, _U~j samah ; (show of
effectualness, inefficacy, .JU 1 / Jo:
-.itilum al tdslr.
kindness), A a.i.,^ thafakat, ^
,./", ^J-*- maghfarat.
Inelegance, <Li\ Kl,il/>X& âdam al
Indulgent (kind), /^_J> karim.
See
latafat, i_jl^laJi*jLfl â^nm ai

zarafat. Inelegance of writing
r composition, LuJÂdtc âdam
al inshd. Inelegantly, ijUal / Jju
Indurate, v. (make hard),
bi âdam latafat.
makkan.
Industrious, .c2^' saî,
Ineloquent, ^-ajî ghayr faslh.
*
lalll,
Jjjlmiijdhid, i_-See Eloquent.
!"~i:l!:. See Diligent, laborious. Inept, Jjli^-j; ghayr kdlil. See
Industriously, jt~)_Ko bi&ol sa^l,
Unfit, useless, foolish, trifling.
Kind, gentle, favorable.Indul
gently, Lk-jjXj bikol samdh.
>j bikoljahad; (on purpose),

~i kasdan, A^.- .,- can ka*d.
See Intentionally, designedly.
Industry. ,j-j *OiJ, -V^?
See Diligence, assiduity.
Inebriate, v. jL~i sakar, J>*>\ atkar,
>^X-: sakkar. See Intoxicate.
(to be intoxicated), JL> <r.
Inebriation,
' -- *^r.
See
Drunkenness,
intoxication.
Inequality, JljcjiH^JkC iddam al

i^tidal.
Inerrable, ^-)L bild sahu. Inerrably, JoD to lud. See Infall
ibly.Inerringly,^4-iL bild sahu.
Inert, (^J^l^-j ghayr mutaharrik. See Motionless, sluggish,
dull.Inertness, <Lj-^ \ , A_c
-./((hint al harakat. See Dullness,
sluggishness.
(524
INK
INF
Inestimable, -_. -C I malaho klmat,
Inexpressibly,
Inevident,
Ii <zyr wadih.
Jt wajhin ghayr matcsuf.
Inevitable, <
ij^ to yonmum- Inextinguishable,
tani^ al ijtinal, j\ Jc
Inextricable, J^s! J.û muttahll
mustahll al ihtizar.
al hall, J~>./J to yanhal. See
Inexcusable. _(j.x/J
.. Id yunio-r,
* \_
.>
Perplexed, intricate.
Infallibility, infallibleness,
InexcusablenesB, <JLj
^'ifiiiu al ma-,zuriyat.
Inexistent, inexisting, *>>Xc
^. ghayr mauyud.
Incxistencc,
adam al
tcuj&d.
Inexorable,
_'3 /a yarham,
%an al khata, ^,'' ,1^ c////; aJ

yakln, Jf . c-v^ tahklk. See
Certainty.Infallible, ^ *j^w^
IksHl ma^su caw a^ khata. See
Certain. Infallibly, I".-. .Jb
yaklnan, Uu&sT tahklkan, ^v
malaho markamat.
/yx<JI m< a/ ma^lum,
See Stubborn, merciless.
>/> W Jttrf. Sec Certainly.
Inexpedience, inexpediency, *JL Infamous, u*^^* mujarras,
<L>L*_J! iodam al munasabat.
mafduh, i^Jf^t mahtuk. See
See Impropriety. Inexpedient,
IgnominiouB.
ghayr muwafik.
Inexperience,
See Improper.
al imtihan,
al uti iti <. <^
Inexpiable, .*; 3 to yughfar.
Inexplicable, _^LxjU /a yamJiarih,
to yawsaf.
to yawsaf.
Inexpressible,
Â 'u Cia>
jWrrf. See Ignominy.

Infancy, <L!>fiJ; tufuliyat, L0 aiei.
See Beginning, original.
Infant, . jJ walad, J^sl? itjff, ,<-
ail. See Child.Infantile, in
fantine, jJjl^Jiw. wi'sZ a/ walad.
See Childish.
Infantry, ijL) payadah ; (an army
of infantry), ibljii^
to yawtaf.
625
INF
INF
Inferior,. ^J dun, (_jjl adna',
Infatuate,* 4i*e J
;. i/"" ?K tuhihay bil kizb ft âynihi.
Infect, r. t_sJ>^ c^rrfa', 4__'L>1 a*di,
Infected, ,_Jue^ munMi.
In
fected with pestilence,
asfal (plur. (JjU atafif),

tahtunl. The inferior part (of any& *
( " > t_*j j
Infernal, ^*i^- jahnnnaml.
' *
The
infernal spirits, ^ _*_-,_

Infection, infectiousness, <L_>i
arwilh khablsat.
sarayat, ,jil_l taifin,
Inferring, adj.
^\ij yantij minho.
iadu/at.
Infertile,
-> gfiayr khesel.
See Contagion.Infec
tion of the air, \
Infertility,
al hatca.
khasb.
Infectious, infective,
Infest, v.
i*fj\r>
Infectiously,
jJ 4* toajhin mutdi.
Infelicity, ^-^sT1 A*, ULi shakd.
SeeCalamity, misery,unhappines8.
Infer, 0. (draw a conclusion from
premises), ûi^l ittantaj, Jjo;!
i_~g i nahal,
taiadda', ^jo jO taârrad, ye dor.

To infest the roads, J^-^* ^ '
katac. al tank.
Infidel, .j& kafir.
Infidels, j\s
Imfar, Sji kufarat.
Like an
infidel,
^ .
See Infidelity, ^
âdam iddin,
Bring, offer, produce. Inferred,
& kufr,
al
^r\i natij.
Iman. See Impiety.(treachery),
istadal, ^t^j\ antaj min.
Inference, . <tÛi natijat, jjwL5

hasil. By inference,
inferrible, \j*>\ . S H^lj to/a'
kiyds.
al tcafu.
See Perfidy, deceit.
Infinite, iilîilt. miilaJta nihayat,

..^>: ;. 4 -^ ghayr mutanahl.
See Deducible.
Inferiority,
iiLri- khiyanat, ljjlt.*Ac âdam
ifiliJ danatcal,
See
Boundless, endless, immense.

Infinitely, <^lfi^J i'fo nihayat. In-
rfuw
ghayrohfil makam aw akal minhi
oilman wa nahii mlik.
ness.
See Base
fiuiteness,
infinity,
infinitude,
i..-'..^!' Ai iflifiini al nihayat.

Infinitive (of a verb), j Jua< masdar,
_:.'.'
// n? masdar.
I1TF
Infirm,
626
INF
lagf, jAc âlil,

mailul, j^jj\~* marld,
j^ j>- hararat. Inflammatory,

j-s'* muhrii. See Inflaming.
*-^-j ai!. See "Weak, feeble. Inflate, v. i*' nafakh. See Blow.
Infirm (plur.), Ux^j duâfa,
Inflated, r)*~~+ manfukh, See
Haugbtjr, pompous, swollen.In
,<6f* murada'.
flation,
^.liijl intifiikh, * nafkh.
Infirmary, s. LLiJljlj (/> aththafd,
See Flatulency.
Inflect,
v. c.a,Vr. ://; <_!>
Infirmity, infirmness, i_c,t^ daâf,
mayyal, ji dayyar. See Bend,
marad. Bodily infirmities,
turn, change.To inflect (a noun
or verb), Jjiilli..*^ tarraf al
m&niyat.
^j^\j\ J rfdr aJ marad.
fit!- .
Infix, e. Jî ffharaz. To infix in
Inflected, ^_' U . L ^
the ground, i_ i-.-?'1 na-ab. To
maitfif, ^-
infix or drive in palea, Jjj!l,jJ
waj,
Jjt
mayil. See Bent.
</"/ al watad. Infixed, (__^<a^<
Inflection, JjUj tamuyul,
imni'iiili. Sec Pin.
Inflame, 0. (set on fire), ji^*- harak,
Jjti xh-'it'l ; (to kindle desire),
^î K/n!i,"ti'i,'/,- , ,(to exaggerate),
fr(^, (J.^ mayil ; (modulation of

the voice), <U*i naghmat ; (of a
noun), i_fijâj tasnf, ^jj~-a3
tiwarruf, <>sa arf.

Inflective, (JjU^ mumoyyil.
vate.Inflamed, J* -. *.
Inflexibility, inflexibleness, i'Lx
j__!l_j lalagh.
MHflilni:!,
See
c-"f< i
Aggra
iimlli'hili,
matanat, olxc înad. See Stub

bornness, obstinacy ; a&o stiff
Inflamer, . bp-^< mulhib, (JxA*
ness.
Inflaming, âr<. t_ ^l- mulhib.
Inflexible, J^xc itmld, 6j*s** mutaInflammability, inflammableness,
marrid. See Immovable, stub
JLtîî'JJ kuimt al ixldi-^'il.
born, stiff.
<__,'. ;L til illIt n !.
[mtuhitl.
Inflammable, ^J/=<; yuhrak.

Inflammation,
Inflexibly, <JJ*L* J4o it'AW matanat,
3-=-^ ihtirak,
Inflict, v. (puriishment), , C. >-
INF
627
INF
hakam bil
kasas tola' ahhad. See Punish.
attala^,
khabar.
hukumat Informed,
Infliction,
iiiit-Jni khabar,
bil kasas. See Punishment.
be informed,
Influence, J>\ asr, jfa tiUlr. See
attala^.
khabar,
Impulse.Influence(over others),
Informer,
s.
(one
who gives intelli
i' ,-Xs Intilnil, i'Ji kuwat. See
Authority. Influences of the
stars, dMjJlJ WJra, |LsJ
ahkam, i*r\fl\l2jfl\4=3\ ittualat
gence),
accuser),
nammam,
mukhabbir ; (an
*\
ghammaz, *\Jlj
-clj ml-./,
al TtawO.Tt.ib. A. happy influence

Infraction, ** fasakh, âii nakad.
of the stars, Jk*-> sa^rf. An un
An infraction of the peace, (_îAJ
happy influence,
^"1 naiarf Z *W. See Breach,
violation.
[uncommon.
Infrequent, joli drfi>. See Rare,
lihi tatlr.
jarayan. Infringe, . (compact), i:*""' fasakh,
Influx, J-o ta-yl, ^
^jasij nakad. See Violate, de
See Infusion, Influence.
stroy, hinder.
[Infraction.
Infold, v. *,_g^ laf. See Involve.
Infringement, i^*** fasakh. See
Infoliate, v. (cover with leaves),
Infuse, #. t^-j sakab, c_-o ia},
jjjllj Jai ghatta' bilwarak.
c_~ s'"i. See Pour, instil (to
Inform, r. ,> khabbar, *)Lc! Jac
steep, macerate), j_aj naia^, Jofli/rf'
i-.
In
ni,
~-'
akhbar.
See
C*' -/
/mZZ. See Dissolve ; also tincture,
instruct, form, animate.
inspire.
Influence, v.Ji\ assar,
Influenced, ^..jLj'<
harrak.
haiil
Information, ^cl t^lam,
Infused (poured), <~jjL**i magltub,

khabar, *~->fy wakuf,
(incarcerated), e yu^ waniut.
.1 17 /n -./'ti/i, *-^fi-i tafhlm. Infusible (possible to be infused,)
See Instruction, intelligence, ac
mwnkin al nak j., Jjli
cusation.To have information,
/ A; (not fusible
or dissolvable), Jo>./J /. yanhal.
khabar,
ING
628
Infusion (pouring), i_-<e sab,

L_^> isnl.-'i :, (steeping, mace
rating), JiJ nak-..
Infusive, J_scu yurihal, (__ .ri'o
INH
Ingraft, . (trees, etc.), **!? /J& zarf/, i_u.Vi I
latlf, <_>;le c""y> j&\* mahir.
See Witty.An ingenious man, Ingrateful, l_j
niikir al ihstin. See
,jjic t__~s. L.< *afo'i itikl. See
Ungrateful.
Genius.Ingeniously, ^ JJLcJj
Ingratiate,
v. (one's-self, ^_f
Jj'AoZ -.nl.-liit., iLiljJjn.C i 4*&>J
ista^taf, JUi^l ittamal.
/<m<a.
i nakran
Ingeniousness, ingenuity, JJLe (pi. Ingratitude,
al jamll, <u*.".-Mc)LgS' kufrdn
s farusat,
anni^mat, .... -i^^ kufrdn
l idrak. See Genius, wit,
invention, subtlety.
annaâm, UjS!,Ac âdamal wafd.
Ingenuous (candid), J>jL> arfi, Ingredient, jjs- yza, ljs>-l o/'za.

^JjJufl x.ii/j,{, (_âLi^ mukhlis, Ingress, ingression, J^-0 dukhul,
muddkhalat. See En
Ûi- khalis, ^j zakl. See
trance. Ingress and egress,
Open, free, generous, noble.
Ingenuously, jjjuail.' bil sidk.
>- J dukfiul tea khuruj.

Ingulf, (swallow up in an abyss),
Ingenuousness, J>>X sidk,

khulus, ,,_;' A-~- saddkat. See
Candour.
Inhabit, . *Uo-jl istakam, ^
Inglorious, (Jj <faz, j*
tamakkan,
.( ,.' sakan. In
t_ji_j -i^-i ffhayr sharlf. See
habitable, j^y-Xuj yuskan. See
Base, ignominious, mean.InHabitable.
gloriously,
Inhabitant, .
hakarat, <kUijJj bikolfadlhat.
mutamakkin, +~~, muklm,
Ingot, . (of gold or silyer),
mutawatin,
mustatctin,
sallkal (plur. uJoL^ sabayik}.
.*-.- mmtakir.
1NH
629
INI
Inhumanity,
maskun, j
Inhabited,
al insdniyat,
To bo
ma^mur,
s-*-]l -<n!ui.> atJwfiafakat. In
inhabited, J_$Ljl insakan.
humanely,
Jisjw likol %nlm.
Inharmonious, <UjcJl,Jtc âdatn al
Inimitable, jJjbj^ Id yutakallad.
naghmat.
iltaham, Aj3 lazam, Inimitably, >X.J. AJJ 1 ^-v.r.^-< ^ ^^j
Inhere, v.
A/ wajhin mumtani-* attaklld,
ittahad. See Adhere.
Inherent (inborn), .1. > jalll,
jjjhj!)^^-*.' J* wajhin Id yuta
kallad.
asll, JI sail,
Iniquitous, <L!ljtclj bild âddlat,
matbiii, ^"..jJg teJ^t,
laiiii. See Innate.
Inherit, v. l^Jj) weres. Inheritance,
ijj irs, AJJJ
Id insa
JUi zdlit
dlitn. See Un
just, wicked.
tcardsat, <L_^_J tarkat. See Iniquity, dLJljjt/<)ia âdam al
Heritage.
adalat, ^-.VTJ' taâddi, Ji.;
Inheritor, clJi^j w&rit. See Heir.
j^sj- jawr. See injustice, wicked
Inhibit, p.
See Pro
ness.
Initial, ^1 awicali, ^^Jcjl ibtidal.
hibit, forbid, restrain, check.
Inhibition,
man-.. See ProhiSee Incipient. An initial letter,
bition, embargo.
harf ibtidal.
Inhospitable,
-~-c ghayr Initiate, e. J-S^jl adkhal. To
mudlf. Inhospitably,
initiate in the rudiments of an
hi ghayr diydfat. Inhospitableart, j^l JJ_ji.j1
ness, inhospitality, A'L.-; II ^.\r
a*rar. Initiated, j
-,in!'iiii addiydfat,
dakhil fll asr&r. Initiation,
-."limit attawflk.
idkh&lfll atrdr,
Inhuman,
L bild rahmat, 5L
LLLZi bild shafaicat,
bild in nrii niii it! , iyLi'lb bild
inxdniyat, JU? zdlim. See Merci
less, pitiless, cruel, savage.
madukhalat.
Inject, v. Jî- jl adkhal, Jo tarah.
Injection (throwing in), JLi-j!

idkJtal, UJ\ ilkd, -J* tarh. An
h'iknat. See
injection,
28
INJ
630
INN
Clyster.To give an injection, Ink, jj*. AtJr. Red ink,

hakan.
7uV ahmar. An ink-horn, <
Injudicious, JvU'<l!U malaho tadawuyat (plur. CjMjJ dawayut],
ammul, Xj~a}i\\* malaho baslrat.
ij^s-"* mahbarat. Cotton, lint,
etc., put into an ink-horn, aJLJ
See Imprudent.Injudiciously,L
///.-'it.
[mation.
(J^'u lila lie.' in mill. See Impru
Inkling. See Hint, whisper, intidently.
Injunction, *- hukm, j~\ amr. Inky,^-js'lji^ misl al hibr.
Inlaid, *~j.-t mvrassai, ^_X_n_
See Command.
mtiiayyan.
zalam. See Hurt. An injurer, Inland (remote from the sea), Jî-lj
,^\ ddkJiil al larr. See Interior.
,.L darrir, j\z ghaddar, tilsjInlay, v. j_î rassa^, Jji kallam.
/A
Injure, v.jj* J-f Carnal darar,
Injurious, Jlii zd/m, î mtofrr. Inlet, J^=-J dukhal, JjS-iX* s<wiSee Hurtful.(unjust), (Jjsr^-i
(W//. See Entry, passage, creek,
bay.
[internally.
/7âyr muhik, i_jLij!<j!L malaho
insaf. See Contumelious.In Inly, >J^\ J dakhill. See Internal,
juriously,
ij/to/ mudar- Inmate,*.^- li*w^ muitdjir, ,_Cj^^
rut,
mustakrl.
[yakun.
Inmost, ^ôbj^-jl adkhal na

Injury,
J wid,
ZM/OT, Inn, . J-y^ hotel, *Jul^l lokanda,
^Jj-i-^t mantal (plur. Jjl-:
maslamat, \<Xu-.\ Lliil.fi,
manaxil'). To inn,
taâddl, jf>- jaw, jji
darar, iSj-a-* mudarrat, i-ôl

jzii/u/. See Damage, contumely,
nizilfil lokanda.
Inn-holder, inn-keeper,
sahib al lokanda.
reproach, detriment, harm, injus

Innate,
tice.
Injustice,
.fi-nti!
**'*'
zulrn,
,iliii,
khilaf al hak.
jury, wrong,
4_*-JSr l
See Iniquity, in
majbul, ^jJjZ- gharlzl.

Innateness, t
talit-.fi.
INN
INll
Innate ideas, J^nJJi*!' al takl Inoffensive, j~iil Id yudur. See

Innocent, harmless. [Irregular.
al awwal, 4-L- jdblat. An in
Inordinate, *UajL bild nizdm. See
nate quality, L^[~^ khassryat.
Inquietude,
JU\JU-1J\ inthighal
Inner, ^ûlj dakhill. See In
albdl. See Disquietude.
terior.
Innocence (freedom from guilt), tej~i Inquire, v. (ask about), ^..>Jr...^
utafsar, *.-e~,*,\ ittafham, -*-'
tabriyat,t*t*as. îsmat, >-3 jJ 1 * JLC
n'lltnii al zanb ; (purity), ij\^&
istac.lam,
r^-<\ istakhbar; (seek,
C*>
%
search after), û-ujjsr" tajassas,
tahdrat, i^^'; zakdwat,
g. . ..
<
â^ tafafthas, (_/i-i_ fattath,
^ttmat, (jeiLi- \ ikhlas,
khulus. See Purity, harmlessness.
Innocent (not guilty), f?^*st ma^sum, c_^JjL I'iln zanb; (pure),
^ *** fahas. See Ask, seek,

search, examine. To enquire
after news.^-icvJ istakhbar.

tcihir, ^\ zoii, jlj bar, Inquirer, a. __J_- . muttafsir,
khalis. See Harmless.
Innocently (not guiltily), i_Sjj
mutafahhit, (Ju.~..'s. * mufattish,
lii naw-.in barl.
. i^_ mvttanbl, û* fatt&ih.
Innovate, . cjcu\ ibtada^, C
See Examiner, inquisitor.
Inquiry, inquisition,^luuii-il istifsar,
See Invent.
ej\ iltiddt, Cji A-I
Innovation,
iitifham, ,H.<r.-l istt^lam,
t'Arfds, jl
See Invention.
isttkhbdr, (^-îu taftlsh,
* m
Innovator, *.
muhdig,
tafahhus, yMtzf? tajasms,
See Question, search, examination.
Innoxious, innocuous. See innocent. Inquisitive, ^.u.-ujct mutqj<uis,
~--:t mwtakil. See Inquirer,
Innuendo, . >,'-!' itharat, <L>.l^
kandyat.
curious.
Innumerable, Juti3 ?a yuâd. See Inquisitiveness, ^^."t.-v^ tajaisus,
Infinite. Innumerable as the
l.ffl.ii-...i\ ittiTua. See Curiosity.
ants, JJi-cjJUtJ^JliJJ** misl Inquisitor, . (^/^JJ^* mufattiih.
annaml malaho âdad. Innumer Inrail, r. (surround with rails), (Jjf
ably, tjUxîlU mAlaho
INS
G32
Inroad, Xj\s ghara. See Incursion,

invasion.
bila
Insane, ^y^1 majnun,
âkl. See Mad.Insanity, \Jj~i
INS
^c. ghayr amln. See
Insecure,
Secure, safe.
Insecurity, <Ui^*.Ac âdam amaniyaf l-t- khatar, i^tls-* mukhH-
tarat. See Security, safety,danger.

lawdd, ^,1^-junun. SeeMadness.
Insensibility (inability to perceive
Insatiable, insatiate, ^ A .'/ la
or feel), (jujL*r-^|.X2 âdam al
yashbai. See Avaricious, greedy.
ihsat; (stupidity), J_LJtÂ*
Insatiableness, f-*^ tama^. See
iadam al âkl ; (dulness of cor
Avarice.
poreal sense), ^JUjjyJ barudat
Insatiably, j-^^JC) bikol tama^.
almizaj; (want of affection), iJj^J
Inscribe, '. !< rakam, *-^ katab.
barudat, iJLs'*|Ac âdam muSee Write, enrol.
habbat. See Sensibility.
Inscribed, ffj" mark-Urn,
Insensible (unable to perceive or
mukayyad, t__-->- maktub,
feel), /-L bila has; (stupid),
marsum, jjS^* muharrar,
bila c.akl, fJ**>-\ ahmak,
mastur. A. table or monument
Jj balld ; (cold in constitution),
on which anything is inscribed,
-.\jA\i3j\i larid al miziij ; (with
_J lawh (plur. J\}\ alwah).
out affection), cUsS^lv^c
Inscription, s. iSjLij kitubat,
al muhabbat ; (gradual), rasm (plur. />y*j rvtum). The
mvtadwrij. See Sensible.
inscription or title of a book or
Insensibly (imperceptibly, by de
letter, ^ê M>a,L'\s kitabat
grees), bsîJj tadrijan, ,*f2j3a\>
Inscrutable, ^..ac-.H *.."... OTMOT
bil tadrij; (without mental or
tewt^ a/ taftish,
corporeal sense), (j~*-j .'. r cT*
mustahll attafahhtu.
min ghayr has. See Stupidily,
Insect, *. i^-J*->- hatha-rat (plur
frigidly ; al-so sensibly.
IJ^JÎL.-*- AaAara<), <t*
Inseparable, JLâ. a .'
(plur. |*'y*' flAwaw). The in
mustahll al infisal,
ghayr munfaM. See Separable.
sects of the earth,
Inseparably, JUiAJlj-J bi
haicam al ard, ^
hashardt al ard.
infisal.
INS
633
INS
Insert, v. jJ darraj
l adkhal.
Inserted, _ ,
mundarif.
Insertion,
indiriij,
Inside,
^b latin.
Insidious, .l
haklkat. See Dissimulation ; also

sincerity.
Insinuate,
v. îlil ashar.
See
idkhal, _ljjjl
Hint, suggest. (to introduce
.
gently), J^-J dakhkhal, (JM^ dot,
. The inside,
j Jij dakhkhal bi latafat,
ghadddr.
See
Deceitful, sly, treacherous.
Insidiously, jA_x_j bi ghadrin,
dahash. To insinuate
one's-self (into another's favor),
takarrab Ha'.
JLL.--Jj likol Mat. See
Insinuation (hint), ijli! Marat,
Deceitfully,
kinayat; (into favor),
Insight (inspection), Xj~a) baslrat,
Jaj nazar, i^-iL* mubdshirat ;
litahill
(skill), ijyt ma^rifat, *Ls film.
muhabbat
assumit.
A.
villanous
Insignificance, insignificancy, /JLC
insinuation, cl~j> toasunuat.
Insinuating,
insinuative, UU.-..{
Insignificant, *JjljL bild fuyidat,
An
JuA^-i ghayr mufid,

bild manfaât,
ma la ya^nl. Insignificant talk,
insinuator,
Insipid, <L*!s<lJL 1,1 ft Ia/at ta^me,
1 malaho lis&at,
-.
See
Tasteless,
dull.
Insignificantly,
Insipidity, ijjjl^ê âdam allizsat.
See Tastelessness, dulness.
Insincere,
i ghayr ladil,
Insipidly,
sj^L bila mavtt, j^^
^z ghayr
See
min ghayr ta<jn&. See
Sincere.Insincerely, <L_iuii-L
bild hdklkat, \j\-s* majiizan. Insist, v. laj.
[Dully.
See Deceitfully.
Insnare, JJu^bLlX^
Insincerity,
masyadat. Insnarcd, jl
assadakat,
. âdam al
mustdd. To be insnared, L!
ikhlus, aJLJLsM,,jrf. cadam al
b inmasak lil masyadat.
1 *ili
\
Jcalam
bilu
ta-.me.
<-
INS
634
INS
ass'r,
Inspector, .
mubaihir. See Overseer, superin
See Unsociable.
tendent.
Insolence, <ii>liL> safdhat, <U-l3)
Inspiration, \\ ilh&m, ,^-j tcahl ;
wak&hat, <_>jl/jLC
(breathing), ^Ju nafat. Divino
<LiUl ihdnat. See Contempt.
Insolent, <_, j".o /V/,7 ,,M,
inspiration, (jLjj,*LfJ1 ilham
rabbani, kJVjis*^ wahl rabbanl.
mutakabbir,
j wakeh,
Inspire, v. (draw breath),
Insoeiable, ^\jc.;~ la yutaâthar.
Insolently,
itioZ safahat,
.^- \J
tana/as; (animate by supernatural

infusion), g!l alham,
(to breathe into), ^ nafakh.

Insolvable, insoluble (not to be
solved), uLs^ j_x~fc* OTmiat a/ Inspired, *gL* mulham.
Inspirer, s. *-L nmlhim.
^LJ \ miutahtl al bayan, ^
Inspirit, v. *j>f*- harrad,
j^\ gJutyr mumkin ashsharh. Inanâsh. See Animate, encourage.
solvable (impossible to be paid), Inspissate, L_X^._I sammak. See
jJjLij!! Id yandafi^.
Thicken, coagulate. Inspissation, L!^**UJ tasmlk.

Insolvent,
See Bankrupt. In Instability,
al
{/?ds.
See
iordr, C^Lill,JLC âdam aisabdt.
solvency, j
See Inconstancy, fickleness.
Bankruptcy.
Instil! i !c, îLiillL* HI "hi lo karar,
hatta',
Insomuch,
liinaw-.nn,
bihafa al
m&laho tabat. See Inconstant.

J
nazar
likol
J nasal. To instal
Instal,
r.
Inspect, v.
in an office or dignity, ^ c.U
tadkik, UUb J^ Carnal yoklama,
('./'/ A n-ir.~,fi't ; (invest with a robe
'^=~'i lahaz. See Examine.
mikdar.
Inspection,^} naiar, i^llaj natural,

nwlayoklama,
of honor), <<--!c_L>- khala-.

Installed, <~->,? ' . *
hazat, lJ*\*s mub&tharat. See
manstib.
Superintendence.
Installation, instalment,
INS
G35
INS
mansab , (a stipulated payment) Instep, *. (upper part of the foot),

1-uiJi kist.
*Jki kadam,
[harrak.
Instance (example), ,_Ll* masal, Instigate, v. \j=>f*~ harrad, ^!^~
iiirat, i -x librat, ^ , rasm, Instigation, |il ighwa, âi ^s?
naskhat, J-i-w tamstl ;
tahrld, ci-- Aw, iL&jisC tahrlk.
(proof, document), d>L51 Mat,
The instigations of the devil,
JJj rfaftj, u\&j} burhan. See
Demonstration(entreaty)lejc
Instigator, *. c
maharrik,
istidâ, \y^j raja, ^î tamannl ;
i_>^ mughwi, (jO
muharrid.
(importunity), -\s\ ilhah. See Instil, ^Lji kattar. See Distil.
Urgency.For instance, iLi_
To instil into the mind, J-s âllam.
ma-salon.
See Teach, instruct.
Instance, v. (give as an example), Instillation, -k
istiktar. See Distillation.In
stillation into the mind, ^,^"
Instant (entreating), ,__ji-*
ta^lim. See Instruction.

wanz ; (importunate), J-iJ wizJ; Instinct. lil^-a-jAc <.dkl haytoani,
(immediate, present),^jU- Aa^V,
&"
^fry* matcjud. Instant, in
mizuj, tLaJo- khalkat. Instinctive,
stantaneous (without interval),
instinctively,
fit hut; (quick, with

out delay), (JlyL biti tawanl,
haytednl,
k_wyL bilil tawakkuf.
Institute, >. (estahlish),
Instant, . (of time), Û J ZaAaai,
nasal, wl*=^ ja<-a.l, f-*o
^s^ /7(a;, iLft-Jj daklkat.
samma', JaJ ssa8.
Instantly, instantaneously, at this
instant, JU'lJ fll hal,
Instead,
/a<,
which,
jaInstead of
See
Constitute. (to instruct),

tallam.
[ustitute, institution, s. (establish
ment), i_-.^J nasb,
ta^yln ; (precept, maxim,
regulation), jle
INS
636
INS
burn.,an",
in it an (plor.
Instrumentally, <t .. , icLj^S^Rj i*
kuicatin fiiîliyat.
<//// ; (edu Insufferable, l_Uis'*...-: ghayr muhsunnat,
tamal, ,_Lc^s^ te yuhtamal. See
cation), A^Jy tarliyat,
An instiIntolerable, detestable.
w&di al Insufficiency, io U-0 ' ( Ar âdam al
tutor,
Liu,- a,i. See Instructor.
adam al
kafayat,
muwafakat, >uLj>^.Jt %adam al

Instruct, <?. Ac -îlltiui.
LJJo tarlkat,
ahliyat.
Insufficient, ^jL^c Âyr Tc&fl,
Instructor, *. *!*/ mu-.alUm.

Instruction, o-i tarbiyat,
*1A~J
JjLJ-ji Âayr AdJ(7, ^J^jî
tafhlm. See Mandate.

Instructive, ^Jj'J to^lfwiInstrument, *. (tool), il I /a< (pi.
ghayr layek. See Inadequate.

Insufficiently, tt-jL.c-.fll ... itZo
kafdyat.
Insular, ^j\\>- jawyrl.
/dJnil, l_-Ot>lJ
fui/lh,
iJl>D I ate<). "Warlike instrument,

Insulated. See Surrounded.
k-J^-ilT ?< âri. The string
Insult, ..i-i shalm, \jii\ iftiru..
of a musical instrument, cî
Insult, v. jj* shatam,
ili. An instrument w written
iftarn' âla'.
contract, <0\ . ,i kab&lat,
Insulter, *. ÎLi shattam. Insult
sanad, dX-*u-*J tamtwsuk. An
ingly, \jî\ J^j bikol fftiru.
instrument (agent), J-^j wakll,
Insuperable, insurmountable, tjjij$
J-lc âmil; (the cause or mean
^ji Id yafukaJto shy. See In
of anything), c-^-j mfi/Vi,
vincible.
/'('(/;,
Insupportable,
Instrumental (causing),
,J-4jsoil Id yuta-
Jiammal. See Intolerable.
Insure, v-^f)~> suwgJiar, tlji

Carnal slkiirtd. See Ensure.
Insurgent,
. (Îc j.d!,|<x.lj
.lj Ja
Instrumentality, instrumentalness
Insurrection, <uij fitnat. See Re
(the agency in causing), - khulut, ^--~-
INT
sahib farasat. Intelligent
(*Jc_A_s"'M ashdb fahm,
__>ls-s1 ashub basirat, liy:
ûrafa, Me lukala.
saldh, *t\ " -1 iitikamat, <uK Intelligible, *fiiJ yunfahim, c^*-<
*^s!\ i,i I'm'- in al fahm. Intellikulliyat. See Sincerity, honesty,
gibleness,
intelligibility,
purity.
Integument, i_Jil_= ghtt&f.
See
majculiyat. Intelligibly,
bi wajhin ma^ko.1,
bi
wajhin mafhttm. See
farasat, cL/l^j! ttfra, *_.t fai^.
Clearly, plainly, distinctly.
See Understanding.
Intellectual, intellective (having the Intemperance, intemperateness, /
al i\tittul. See
power of understanding), *jJ
Excess.
^ ,,_v - Icuwat mudrikat. In
tellectual (relating to the under Intemperate,
Cover, envelope, shell, husk.
Intellect, JJLc tai/, *^j fahm, i~>\j
standing), JJic âkll. See Ideal,

temperately,
mental.
t^tidal.
Intelligence (information, news),
jfA- Malar, z$b\Mila^; (under Intend, c. \s. tatam, JuaJ kasad.
standing), JJLc ;/./. *î fahm,
See Design ; afoo regard, attend
cJljOl idrak. To give intelli
to, enforce.
gence, j*~ ihalbar. An intelli Intendant, . ^p-*! amln,
nuzir, _i)L^- mubashir,
gencer, J*s* makhablir.
mutaicafti, J-^j iri'l'd, j+*^-*
Intelligent (Imowing),
mamur. An intendant general,
tdr/,
Mil. See Skilful,
mutlali.
learned, wise. To be intelligent, Intense, -X-'
shadtd, ^js kawi,
trjjs fehem. To render intelligent,
,.ir.
, Jlj icufir. An in
*^S(_rAi>-Lis<uLr tamalaho sahib
tense look, ^1*^1 imân. See
Jlc
fahm. An intelligent man, k_^-Le
Vebement.Intensely,
INT
638
MM Mddat, ilc ghnyat, iLu

bi gJtayat.
INT
way), l
attarik ; (prevent),
See Excessively.
.. **
hajz.
Interception,
Intenseness, *Ai shiddat.
Intercepted,
Intension, la*uj l*i.
masdud, c x*.
Intent, adj. Jj**L* mashghul, JuLiU
mukayyad, ^-\~> oî- See Dili Intercession, -i--J tateassat,
shafiiidt, \y?j raja. See Media
gent.To be intent, J<-AJ\
tion, deprecation.To beg the in
insftaghal.
tercession (of another), <J>*>."...^
Intent, intention, ^ âzm, tiAj]
istashfat. To admit the inter
irddat, J^ murad, Juos kasd,
cession of one for another, (J-J
JyaJU mdksud, LJ niyat, ^ji.
icli-i feicZ ihafaât.
[Chain.
gharad, jjt-j Mî. See Design,
Interchain, v. j=fj zanjar. See
purpose.Intentional, i_y..\ i >
Interchange, <LJjL*^ miibadalai,
/tasrfz. See Designed.Inten
La,\xst muâwadat. See Change,
tionally, ^Jmw W iowflw, (L
exchange, commerce.
A ikhUyarm, \Af âmdan.
Interchange, v. (Jjb badal. See
Intently, fQS>-j^J&-J
Change, exchange.
wajaMin. See Diligently.
Interchangeable (capable of being
Intentness, >A>i3 takayyud, *
interchanged),
ihliman, Jxi thaghl, ,*-)
Aw Z badal,
See Diligence, intention, study.
a/ mubctdalat,
Inter, 0. ^0 <?/. See Bury.
mumkin almu^dwadat,
Intercalary, 6~~~.* kablsat. See
J^jju_iJI Aa47 attabdtl. See
Embolismal.
Changeable, unchangeable.În
Intercede, v. (mediate between two
terchangeably, <tJjLJli J7 Mparties), _LU tasha/a^, Saly
ladalat.
tawatsat. An interceder, inter- Interchanged,
mub&dal,
See
muâtPtoad. See Changed,
cessor,
exchanged.
Mediator.
Intercept, v. (stop or eeize by the Intercourse, La:-" ttMat, *_J>Lc
INT
039
-.alukat,
<+-?-'> L^-< muiuhabat. Ml - -^ \
ikJitilat, Ll/|^-i)l ishtirdk. See
Communication, commerce.To
carry on an amicable intercourse,
A^\x^\ (jM,f~\ ahean al muâmalat.
Intercurrent, luji.* mutawassit.
Interdict, r. ---* manai, *j^>haram, û naha'. See Porbid,
prohibit.
Interdict, interdiction, *. _i^
^j nahi, fijs? tahrim,
thrum. See Prohibition.
INT
tion), cl/l^^-i! ishtirdk,
See Share.(concern),
âlakat, yOjZ gharad. In
terest of money, LJ^ riba, ^j
rabh and n'W. Unlawful interest,
^-L -...(- maksab hardtn. See
Usury.To lend upon interest,
i^XiUJu^^j-i J dayyan bil fayidat.
Interested (concerned, participat

ing), (JJoî sharlk ; (moved),
t--^ U .r i mudtarib ; (selfinterested), ^jOj-x* mvghrid,
\jOj- L- -.-> uo sdhib gharad.
Interfere, v. (clash with),

Interdicted, f'jS-"* mahrum, c i^*,*
larad, /*>-ij zaham, _jl
mamnu^, p\j&- ha-rum. [mawej.
iaJli- khalaf.
See Oppose.
Interdictory, ^J t manii.
^4/o to intermeddle, interpose.
Interest, v. (to render necessary or Interfluent (flowing between),
important), +JVJ . *;, id^= -.nntuluho
muhim wa lazim. See Concern.
(to give a participation),
<Ua&- tawa/ fo/(o Aw*< ; (to affect,
move the passions), ,.r- hannan,
^^f-j raghghab,
harrak flJti ashshafukat. To in
terest one's-self (in anything),
^ J^-ljJ taddkhalfl, ^>^-^j
Interfused
(poured
between),
maskub wamt.
Interjacency (lying between),
tawassut.
Interjacent, k-;
mutawcusit,
See Intervening.
Interjection, .
interjection of calling,
reghib fi.
Interest (advantage), i'j^li f&yidat,
*J nafi, >_-,
maktab. See Interim,
Gain, profit, good. (participa-
An
Alw, *JL< muddat,

/i awio a?
INT
INT
640
-j fl fiazeh al inuddat.
See Meantime.
Interment, ^ J rf<7/. Sec Banal.

Intermingle, v. intermix, Vi 1 <-
khalat. See Mix, mingle, incor

iu)!i. Interior and
Interior,
porate.
tintoat&hir.
exterior,
kJiulus,
The interior part of anything, Intermission,
tawakkuf. See Cessation, pause.
latin, JjJ-lj dakhil.
The
intermission of the pulse,
Interlace, v. \^~~> shabbak. See
ijii fatrat. Without intermis
sion, i_aiiyi^j A /A; tateakkaf, :!_
Intermingle.
Interlard (mix meat with lard),
jJ_iri- ***"" -* uxtda shahm
Jl^l J7fl Hi -ni <i], ^\^t muta-
wall, (JLtfjl^Jx âfc" a/ ittisal,

Ichan&r, LL>- khalat. See Inter
<n_js!1 Jte cdfo' attatnull.
mix, interpose, diversify.
Interline, v. jâ^ \ (.^> i^, .-.{ ^.~jj Intermit, f. \*Jaji tawakkuf, ^\
ahmal, j fatar, _k&)\ ,'",..',/,,.\ .
wassa^ wakatab bin asmtur.
Intermitting, intermittent, interInterlocution, ^'oL muks.lam.at,
missive, ^1=J *j^'Jtr3*^ ^*-3
AC takallum. See Dialogue.
li'D-niui! yankati^ tea taratan
An interlocutor, *K^* mufo&tZfrm.
yazhar. An intermitting fever,
Interlocutor}', xJ>Xi takalhiml.
ijjtd^jr Jtummc? datcriyat.
Interlude, . w.^-*! fo^4. See Play. Intermix, . Islsi- khalat.
See
Interlunar, j*-&J1 jy^Jt-jyvi..,*
Intermingle.
mansub lihulul al kamar.
Internal, ^L Ju<'n. See Interior;
tffoo intrinsic, real.Internally,
tadakhal.
Intermeddle, .
batinan, li-^J dakhilan.
An intermeddler, busy body,
^ ..
^pai fudull, L\j&\j*!> kcufir al Internuncio,
*'
saghlr,
aflr (pl
ghalabat.
toada^ fn'l
Intermediacy, ^j--'!!..-^ tawassut Interpose, r.
bayn. See Interposition, interven
icasat; (mediate between parties),
^j-oU, . iVi-iy tawassat fiyanu.
tion.Intermedial, intermediate,
\a~if~ mutaicawit.
ately, \a~>y\Jf
Intermedi
Jin. See Interrupt.

Interposition, interposal,
641
INT
INT
wasitat. See Mediation, inter

vention.
Interpret, v. /^-y tarjam, ^-i
sharah. See Translate, explain,
An interrogation, interrogatory,
îL,.,it"...il istifsdr, |Uir..^ utifhdm.
r^ -.U fc I lafzat 'Stifham,
tafslr.
Interrogator, . ,JjLi .;'//, ,.-i-..,,.
See Explanation, translation
HI a at af Stint. ..J&\..+ mustakhbir.
(JU-< siittZ. A negative interro

decipher, expound.
gation, oj^j
^ A^ .'..! istifhdm
"
\
Interpretable, &^>-^\ljL*^ muminkarl.
kin attarjamat, ...i.i, ". ll^Cv* Interrogative,
interrogator}-,
mumkin attaftlr.
i-,ijii_,| ittifhaml. An inter
Interpreted, .*_j*-^_;<* mutarjani,
rogatory pronoun, .lîx^c..^_. >^ mashruh. See Explained.
istifham. Interrogatively,
Interpretation, (U^-^-j tarjamat,
istifhuman,
,j tdtblr, y--i thmrh, Ûj
bit-aril: al istikhbiir.
baydn,
The interpretation of dreams, Interrupt, . (the speech of another)

^xi' v.'.j _LJ kata^kalamalghayr.
A book teaching the interpreta

tion of dreams, . -^"' s3^ " ^
Cl^L 1^*11 ii<di tafsiralmanamat.
Interpreter, s.
rj^" mutarjim,
An interpreter of dreams,
tuLlil^ mufassir al manflmut.
An interpreter of the Mahometan
law, ^^sJl* mw/H.
Interregnum, interreign, .
Interrogate, . JL> a
istafsar, Mî:^\ istafham,
istakhbar, uVJLaj tafakkad.
To interrupt (business),
J^&uJI />>'/"_ ashshughl. Sec

Break off, divide, separate, inteimit.
Interrupted, c^laL* n/nliii-,. See
Broken.Interruptedly, clkiiilj
lihtkilt'i-. .
Interrupter,*. ,*!.C' *_!;'._;/<//.'...<,'
kalam, *]/* muzahim,
mutaârid.
Interruption (of speech),
*.-_ iiikHii-, al kalam;
See
Examine, ask, enquire, question.

Interrogated, Jû_ maiul.
mJaii
(in
business), (_/=y*J ta-îrrud. See

Breach, hindrance, opposition,
obstruction.
Intersect, v. >.
min annasf. Intersected,
* f*-'"'-''^j'* maktili mm annasf.
Intersection, . _L-Lj />///,:.
Ma.
Intersperse, v.
Interspersed, tjLsr* maklilut.
Interspersion, LL*- A<z^.
Intertwine, v. jLo dafar.
twined, ij-^'*
INT
042
INT
The intestines, ^^Lr* masdrin,

\xst\ inii-,ii.
Intestine (domestic, not foreign),

gLi-1 J dakhill. Intestine war,
Îri-ljtJ^s- harb dukhill.
Inthrall, enthrall, Aô...^ ista^bad.
See Enslave, shackle.Enthral-
ment,
mumhalat,
See Intimacy,
.i.}'.- muwanaiat, ]si~<-\ ikh-
Inter
madf&r.
Twisted, entwined.
tilut, iLLi. AAM?te<. See Fa
Interval, Ujl na, <LjUuu masafat
miliarity.
(plur. tuULu^ muiafat), ^j-J
Intimate,
i^
iayn. See Space, distance, di
vision.
[Interpose.
mutaaltf. See Familiar.
Intervene, 0. Sa-^j tawassat. See
itirrafaho
Intervenient (placed or passing be Intimate,
n. See Mention, hint, in
tween), Û m
form.
Mediation, intercession, agency. Intimation, i^Li>\ isharat, iiL^ ini'ujnf. See Hint, information.
(accident), <*J5^j ?ai(
Intimidate, o. i_Jji>- khamoaf. See
Interview, . ili^L* muldkdt,
Intervention, \a~iiji tawassitt. See
mwcdsalat, ULsS\ fe*Aa, ^

<aZaif, See Meeting.
Interweave, 0. tlio^- hayyak,
Frighten, terrify.
Into, ^ /t. See In.
Intolerable, iJJLsXii Id yutahammal,
dafar. See Intertwine.

(J^Lst^-i ghayr mutahammal.
Intolerably, ^.U^su^cjij MIntestate (dying without a will),
dU îjjjji^^ m*n ff^yr waranawiin Id yutahammal, to? +>
Jcat sumat, <Urf>(_)^t mu Carnal
i^*zss$ bi teajhin la yuhtamal.
wasiyat.
LI^S*^ matyl. Intolerant, ^js^tjJi ghayr mutahammil.
Intestinal (belonging to the guts),
Intoxicate, v. jL* akar. Intoxi
Intestine, . ,<- maâ'
INT
643
INV
cated, ^jf> sakrHn. Sec Drunk.

To be intoxicated, JL- seker.
mutkir. "Wine
or any liquor which intoxicates,
^*yu mtukir.
Intoxication, j ( ,.> subr.
See
Drunkenness. To return to
one's senses after intoxication,
sahi min atiukr.
fil haklkat.
Introduce, . (to a place),
adkhal.
Introduced,
muda&hkhal.
An introducer,
Jî..x* mudakhkhil.
Introduction, Jlri-j! idkhal,
dukhul; (to a book),
Intrench v. (fortify with a trench), Intrude, t>. Sj U- lî^^. Jji. J daklial

min ghayr yazat.
Carnal matarlt. See
Intrust, entrust, v. c jj icada^,
Trench, invade, encroach.
a-.ata' amanat.
Intrenchment, *. UJJG*I matdrli.
Intuition, Ûlijiiijdjy^ mapifat
Intrepid. jy*&r jasur, d> \i fiitik.
linazrat al awla', +\\ ilham.
See Brave, bold, courageous.
Intuitive, ^Jl^l^Saij W nazrat al
Intrepidity, (jn] latsh, 4^Lur>- jaaicla'. Intuitively^jill^lail!^
sarat. See Courage, bravery.
min annairat al awla'.
Intrepidly, Ji^L*^- Jj likoljasarat. Invade, v. *&* hajam. See Attack,
See Courageously.
infest, assault.To invade a

Intricacy, intricateness, JaLi. khdlt,
country, j.xs-1^Juu taâdda,'
khalal, JL.\ ikhtilal,
al hudud,
taJnd. See Perplexity, Invalid (of no force or advantage),
confusion, difficulty.
ma laho kuwat, iU
mu
laho
faîliyat, JLlj l&til,
Intricate,
mukhtalit,
See Difficult.
JUaj battal; (weak, 8ick),i__s..jt^

da^tf> {J&.J* marld. An in
valid, (Jjl*" ma^lal.

Intrinsical, <J1j
^gg-Jij- haklkl, i_?î*< ma^nawl. Invalidate, v. J^ k'
Intrinsic (real, internal),
fatakh. See "Weaken.
nahl.i. Intrinsically, culJJu Invalidity,
INT
644
INV
kiiymat. See
Inventory, .
fayidat,
j_,*
List.
button.
faskh,
Inverse,
inverted,
Invaluable, <lJii)JU mulaho klmat.
maJcus,
Invariable, ^lii^-i ghayr muta_ -^ " mutakallab,
ghayyer. See Constant.
maklftl. See Contrary.
Invariableness, ^JLi_jÂc ladam
To be inverted, <jxj\ inâkas,
taghayyur. See Constancy.In
j'i iiiltilnl.
variably, jjJtjjJi^ min ghayr
Inversion,
taghayyur. See Constantly.
inhiraf, t
Invasion, <LLr hamlat, (*y?& huj&m.
A nocturnal invasion, (U..S kdbsf.
Invert, . c--Jj MJ. Inverting,
Invective, *, <U-i sable, --i shaim.
^)arf. i_^Hj kalib.
See Censure.
Inverted, <_T V^ maklub. See
Inveigh, . t_.^j ai, *s-i shatam.
Inverse.Invertedly, inversely,
See Abuse, censure.
Inveigher, *. *jli sTiatim.
Invest, f. (in an office), ^j-*-~s
Inveigle, v. ^^cl aghawa' ,j.ghar-r.
samma'. To invest with posses
See Allure, entice, seduce.
Invent, v. (find out),
dhdas, *Ji-jl
sion, uJ^jJ'j^Sacl a^fa' tasarruf,

~&* manah. See Give, grant.To
invest with a robe of honour,
See Discover, forge,

Ic Tch
falsify.Invented,
Invention, C-^Jo-l ihdas,
ydd, c.]zi5~\ ikhtira^,
ibda^. See Fiction, forgery, dis
covery.
Inventive,
Inventor, s.
jp-li aJtah kha.lt.ah fakhirah.

See Dress, adorn, decorate.To
invest (surround), bl_&-l ahat,
fO\y h&sar. See Besiege, sur
round.
Investigable, ^nsf-^.. yunfahii.
Investigate, v. tî-Êr bahat,

fattash, ^s^ tafahhas,
^
L^t\ -< muhdii,
tajassas, *J^ste\ ibtaha*.
Examine,
enquire, search.
multadii,. See Forger.
See.
645
INV
INV
Investigation, (_/u . --._a,_j tafttsh, Invisible, .^jlc ghdyib,

mukhtafi. The invisible world
U^s^ tafahhus, êLs-lil iftihas.
(the world to come), c_ v-.ffJlîla
See Examination, inquiry, search.
Investiture (in office), \_ -r-i- j
ûlam al ghayb. To be or become
I,'H-;] /i, aJjiJi taklld; (in pos
invisible, t-jls ///(/;. Invisible

things, CJwjUSl al ghdybat. Invisibly, îi.
UJli ghuyban.
robes of honour), <uLInvestment. See Dress, garment ; Invitation, j da^wat, LcJoj\
cargo.
istidâ, L- -'^ talab. An invi
Inveteracy (oldness),
tation to an entertainment,
session), uJyâj tasarruf; (with
ihaykhukJiat ; (obstinacy),
âzmai.
itrar, jl_xs ^tndd. Inveterate Invite, . (ask to any place), *j
(old), *j A_i a(ftm ; (obstinate),
tflzi. See Ask, call, bid.To
>.\.'.r a?<2,â musir.
invite to nuptials, Q-" *^ \"jf'
Invidious, J.......rv lutsml, y~ ~-t
lil-în. To invite to an
mubffhid. See Envious, malig
entertainment, >
To
nant, hateful.Invidiously,
invite to supper,
^J!A likol âdawat, Jw
fiZ tti.i/iii. An inviter, ,-slj
rfacj, *j\s. luzim.
4Xo? âa?. Invidiousness,
Inviting, adj. i_JjU>- jazib. In
hasad. See Envy, malignity.
Invigorate, v. i_?Jj kawwa'. See
vitingly, *.,jjlp-Ji.j Si'ioJ
Strengthen, animate. Invigo
jaziliyat.
[luge, flood.
rating, ('//,
Invigoration,
Inviolable,
,,,,il,(iirii:i.
takwiyat.
mumtam'
Inundation, J..-J ayZ. See DeInvoice, ^jjJ'^J fdttura.

Invocation, u:J dac.d, i^cJ daiwat,
iL>-lx< munajiit.
annakd,
mustaMl Invoke, . CjLc~)^ istaghas, IcJ
î. To invoke the name of
al faskh. Inviolably,
God when beginning anything,
min ghayr nakd.
[takid.
Inviolate, âXi^tjî ghayr munidl!*^^^-) samma' bism allah.
Invisibility, i_^^11 al ffhayb.
See Call, implore.
mo
IER
64G
coloured), jojtsMJ-i^ / /
Involve, v. (inwrap, intwist),uJ!J laf,
had'id.
iu-=>- kharlat, f.J^>- khardai.
See Complicate, blend, entangle, Iron, >. (smooth with an iron),
^jS kauxf .
[haddud.
confuse.(to imply, comprize),
1 'J + ."- -M ithiamal tola'. Ironmonger or smith, . Ji.V Involved, t_JAL rnatfuf, i^JtzL* Ironical, ,<^>J' tahakkumi. Ironi
cally, *L{~- ilto-y-j 4 wo/A J
muUaf. See Confused, dark, ob
scure.
Involuntary, JuaJiL A//<? /';/. Ib
iLiri-l 47a ikhtiyilr.
tarily, Lr ,'i.1 /i /A/
Involun
ij'/d ikhtiyilr.
Involution,
Inutility, ija\J,nXe âdam fiiyidat
Invulnerable, _^rj_i^n mt<m<ff^ aljarh, âcui ?o yvnjarih.

Inward, ^jLb J<Wtw. See Interior,
intimate.Inward, inwards, in
wardly, Jri-ta diikhil.
Inweave, v. See Interweave.
Inwrap, enwrap, v. i_aJ //. See
Involve, wrap.
Inwreathe, enwreathe, .
Intertwine, wreathe.
Irascible, t_)^*ic ghadub,
tahaklium.
Irony, *iljj tdhakkwn, ^jf2^ '*<'
Irradiance, irradiancy, irradiation,
^j^J tanwlr, clO s/ia^d^. See
Radiance, ray, illumination.
Irradiate, r. mÔ shaithdi.
Irrational, xj
samit, ^J&cw &7<2 ^//V.
See Absurd. An irrational ani^/<ayr <"'/.-7-.
Irrationality, <UftkU\,.Xe ladam al
natileiyat. JiaSîXc j.rfo /
takl.
min ghayr
Irrationally,
See Irreclaimable,
ghayr mumkin attdhzll, ^ "'i
a
J-^'-
ghadban. See Angry.

Iron, >XiJk- Arfl(?. Hard iron. See
la yutasallah,
L-^jW^^J-w*
mumtanic. att&dil. See Despe
rate, hopeless.
Steel.An iron mine, iron ore, Irreconcileable (implacable), ^rLaSjH
Jo Ar^Â*,. ma^dan Jiadld.
la yutasalah ; (inconsistent),^.^
Iron (made of iron), ^-.X-jJ_9îiJ ghagr l&yek, ,ji\y*j~e. ghayr
hadldi. Eesembling iron (ironmuwufik.
647
IRR
IRR
Irrecoverable, J^t*U^ la yutahag- Irremissible,

eal, <jJ_)ll^ la. îldj laho. See
Z ^fl/u, Âtil /a yuffhfar.
Irremediable, irreparable.
ji Id yvtaIrremoveable,
,jfrjl
la
yunhaz.
Irreducible, (--Jjii^^c ghayr maghIrreparable,
^"fl Id yutasallah,
Inb. See Invincible.
Irrefragable, irrefutable, (JUjLt&l*
Mljâijji la yurfad,
+s. ghayr marfud.
^s.*-*j.'ii^J4 zanb Id yunmaha'.

See Irrecoverable.Irreparably,
^î.j.f.^yt min ghayr ghufrdn.
Irreprehensible, irreproachable, L
Irregular, t-^-jyL bild tartib,

.XcUiJ!i_J!U. khilaf al kuîdat,
liiill*.'-Vi -^lulTni al niidm, 2j
^yljj btld kuniLn, J^ji^j+s. ghayr
i_ -""/t.;^'' >i'fi --a lilt! -.tit ul>, *VJ
/'/ yuldm, t-ôJ'JU mulaho zanb.

See Blameless.Irreprehensibly,
irreproachably, iLtLî^.^* '
kuniini, HijSb /'//'/ mzum. Irre

gularity, 2>XclftJ!/*Jl ^(It/tint al
kfi-.iilnt, ^yliiS!/Ji
kunun.
iH/fui//
muldmat.
Irreprehensible,
See Innocently.
al
Irregularly, *UiiL i*7a
Irresistibility, *j\jbj)ljfj kuu-at ,

tatakawam. Irresistible,
i
Irrelative, î_--- -- -1* ghayr
la yutakawam. Irresistibly, e ^j
mwitasib ila'.
i'wj U-! 1 _^L/K4 /' / >l(Hr-, Hiuinttlilinizdm, t_-~Jîlj i7o tartib.
Irreligion, _jjJl,jLC âdam addln,
al mukdwamat.
j& kufr. Irreligious, Ô^J itte Irresoluble, j^^-iuj flhi hlrat,
din, r*^ Aq/Jr, ^jiili^ munafik.
js=*Z yuhayyir. See Indissoluble.
See Impious.Irreligiously, ^^ Irresolute, g^\ J^X , .<u mttta.^LtjWj.jj Jî mm ghayr din tea
hayyir fl amrihi, Û-a- hayrdn,
la Imun.
ji\a~ hayir, l_^yik_Jji^
Irremediable, aj_lc3 ?
laho,
array. Irresolutely,
IjJdJL* mulaho dated,
irtoZ hirat, JJjJ
?a yutaddtva' . See Incurable.
taraddud. Irresolution, JJo
Irremediably, iU.A. .-_;..- mtn
raddud, fj^- hlrat, t_jl_.._
irtiydb. See Doubtt
ghayr muddwuh.
648
ISC
ITC
J.j.J^vjl.-.-^ ihtibds al bawlIrretrievable. See Irrecoverable.

See Retention of urine.
Irreverence,
ihtirdm, ili, / Ac âddm raâyat, Isinglass, ^c ghird.
i__?jlAlj killat adab, Ûj^c Island, isle, *. *jij- ja&rat (plur.
iddam ikram.
Irreverent, \-i
yir).
. t_J^ btld adab. Irreverently, Issue (egress), -r)j>- khuruj, j)3**

sudur; (termination), <L_._jl_=
.LxaJiilii.' li killat ihtirdm.
tdkibat, iilii nahdyat. See Con
Irreversible,^!*^ j-ii*w mumtani^
clusion.(event), <t*.Jj wailed^,
al tagliayyiir, jjoL_~)3 la yutaAsn;y natijat. See Consequence.
ghayyar. Irreversibly, jZx-jk
(progeny), J^jl awlad, ULJ
bild taghayyur.
mumtani
Irrevocable, jjocS
na*Z, JT a^, J-1 *Z. See Fa
J^ la. yutaal taghayyur,
mily, offspring.
.
Irrevocably, jxi\i bild Issue, v. (as water from a fountain),
taghayyur, &n^>-\^tjfC^t min
To issue
_J
ghayr murajaât.
Irrigate, v. ijojlh,&4 aka' al ard.
Irrigation, ^jaj^^JLa saki al ard.
See "Watering.
Irritate, v. \_ --jA\ aghddb. Irri
tated, ^\,. ; .lir ghadlan.
or sally forth, ~j>- kharaj. To

issue out money, -^j^>- kharaj,
fjJu nafak. To issue out a de
n-!K i- hukm.
e, *:.=- i
Issueless (without offspring), jSjlL
See
bild awlad, <LsUiUl_< malaho

idkibat.
Exasperate, provoke, fret.
L
Irritation, âjât? tahrld, \J^.*~> Isthmus, *. (neck of land),
^1 c_Mi arrf,
tahtciih. See Provocation, stimu
lation.(anger), i_~ii ghadab.
v1 .ssT /!(/ arrf iay
Irruption, i*^** hujum, <L)*_&- It, s Au.
n mlnl. See Incursion, (forcing Itch, .
See Scab.
An itch (longing), ^^y> hawas,
an entrance), J^>-J dukhal. To
make an irruption, *j=J> Aa;'w.
\jb hated, i'i shahwat. Sco
Is (third pers. sing, of to be), j*> fiu.
Desire.
Itchy,
^j^
Ischury, Jj.Jî -,wr al bawl,
JAG
649
JAR
See Coxcomb,
v_ ape.
See Also.
Iterate, p. _^ karrar, jlc cutf. Jackdaw, <~J\j- ghirtib.
Jacket, t. .jLsLt miltiyan.
See Repeat.Iteration,
iâdat. Jacob's staff. See Astrolabe.
Jade, * (sorry horse), (Jkle^La*.
See Repetition.
hisan âtil ; (a mean sorry woman)
Itinerant, itinerary, *cL~> sdyeh.
t&sytjZt sharmuta. See Hunter,
See "Wandering, unsettled.An
Item, Lid aydan, tl^Sj^ kazalik.
itinerary (book of travels), i_->li

-Lj iai safar.
Itself, ys Au. The thing itself,
j*i\^jujii nafs al amr.
Ivory,' JJLJl^j-i tin alfll, _lc â/'.
whore.
Jade, v. ^^ lawwash, i^.^xj\ <if-.ni1>,
See Fatigue, harass, tire; de
grade; tyranise.(to grow fa
tigued, lose spirit), *-^*>*J teêb,
Jaded, ^1_,. * " tatbdn. See
Ivory (made of ivory),

; (like ivory), _U11 J-3w
Fatigued, dejected.
Jag, v. (make like teeth), <UloJ JJ^
Carnal dandana.
a? masakin.
Ivy, (
Jail, s. y?*~ habas.
Jakes, (Sjlstrul adabkliiiiw.
Jalap, ul>- jalaba.
J is uniformly expressed by ~ , as in
Jamb, *. (post of a door), v-jLJ^ Jj>-^
jjyui^s>- jara, a bell.'
rijl al lab.
Jabber, . ^juilj JJo takallam bila Jangle, v. ^J^J tana&tiu. See
ma^na?. See Chatter.
Dispute, quarrel, wrangle.(to
Jabberer, . C/ic
Jacent, .rf" '"'"'* munsatih.
make a discordant sound), \j5i>.l*J

See
tatayaiu.
Lying, supine.
January,j>- 3 \ ^y \ kanun al akhar.
Jack-pudding, . Jl_^_; bahlul,
Mnun atta.nl.
tjS.*^* maKhara. See Buffoon. Jar, *. (vessel), fjS^ jarrah ; (dis
Jackal, . JUj>- jakal, ^\j waiei.
Jackanapes, Îjjt-j sa^ddn,
ikhtildf.
cord),
Dissension, debate.
See
650
JER
Jargon, Llx ghalat,
lahn.
.J zanbak.
Jasper, Aj yashm.
Javelin, *. <&.&- harlot.
Jaundice, ^li^j yaraMn.
Jaunt, v. (wander about), j\ J dur,
*[=*. ham.
Jauntiness.
See wander, ramble.

See Genteelness.
JOC
makdas, (j*&\ alkuds, {
(__&_) __*_! 1 alkuds ashshartf,
. .\ ...*MJ^ awrashllm.
An in
habitant of Jerusalem,
ii kudsi.
makdasl,
istihm,
hazliyat),
"est, .
(plur.
tahrij.
Jest,
i istahza'.
Jaw, . cl& fak,
The upper jaw,
muharrij.
Jester, .
Jak al a%la'. The lower jaw, Jesting, . -\j mazah. See HerriI asfal.
meat.Without jesting, jesting
Jaw-bone, . iuL madaghat. The
apart, cj^Js^^J^-tJl^jL^
two jaw-bones, CJlxj3\ al afkak.
AAaî a? mazah âla' taraf.
Jay, (....Jit*Kc ghirdb al bayn.
Jet (fossil), ^yijs:*- hajar musa'.
See Magpie.
A jet or jet d'eau, ij^
Jealous, j)-J- ghayyUr, i^yj^
Jew, *. i_?Jjft! yahtidl. Jews,
ghayran.
See Emulous, sus
picious.To be jealous, j\s. ghar.
Jewel, . if.>f>- jawhara. See Gem.
Jealously, i-.^JC) bikol ghlrat.
My jewel ! (my dear ! my
Jealousy, jealousness, s^-j; ghlrat.
soul!)
Jehovah, %ftl> yahu, JliO'iUi allah
yd A-a/J _
^
tabula'. See God.
Jeweller, . (Jj-J^f jawahirjl.
Jellied, >+ ^- munjamid. See
Jingle, . jjail? tantan. A jingle,
Congealed.
Jelly, Jjsx munjamid ; (of meats)
latlnu.
[isp&riioll
Jennet, .
Jessamine. See Jasmine.
Jericho (city), \=^j\ arlha.
Jerusalem,
jJuJlci--..^ bayt a
fawfn.
Jockey,
janftuz,
^ khayl. See Horse-dealer,
groom ; 2so cheat.

Jocose (jocular), iy^,J i i_:.'il
latlf al moshi-ab.
JOI
Jocoseness,
651
JOY
jocosity,
jocularity, Joint, . (divide into joints),

inshiruh. See Merriment.
sharrah, i^wjj kassab.
Jocund,
zahr&wl al Jointly, ii\af\j li ittiMd, \^, sated.

tab^. See Merry, gay, lively,
See Together.
cheerful, pleasant.
Jointure, *. Ij^J data. See Dower.
Jocundity, rji farah. See Plea- Joke. See Jest.Jole. See Face,
cheek.
santness, cheerfulness.
John Nokes and Tom Stiles, -fj Jollity, jolliness, -j farah.
tald wa âmr (fictitious names Jolly (gay), uU-y farhan.
Jot, .
zarrat.
used by lawyers and others).
Jovial,
maerur.
Join, v. J-*j wasal, +s lafiam,
(JÂ lasak. See Add, subjoin ; Journal, g.^Jj daftar,
Journey, .^Lj eafar (plur.
unite, associate.
safrdt). A nocturnal journey, -iL>
Joined, J^cj_- mawsul, JâL*
(J-U! o/ar al III. A journey by
nmttasil, i_fi-!li* mutaalif, ^ -L
post, Ak.-^.n^.^jLuJI assafar
makrun, ^ + ". s- mujtami^,
t>ia^ al posta. A long journey,
c^sr majmtt^. To join or be
kX-JtiÂ-! *q/iw i^jjal. To under
joined, jî/Sjl 'naran,
take or begin a journey, _Le.;r.
Joint, *.
tukdat, ^zsst mafsal.
âzam âla' assafar.
Joints,
mafusil. The Journeyman,
mui&fir.
space between two joints
Joust,.(tournament), j-^ rammah.
cnlifih, jjâi* mafsal,
Joy, ^-Ifyl z'o^'%', jLcj! Misam,
mafasil. The joint of a reed or
jtj-i surur, tL-sr1 bahj'at,
other plant, ijJLe ûkdat. Out
farah, HJ*MSI musurrat,
of joint, vl --> nrnnfak. To
inbisat, ^lîu-il inshirah. To
pull the fingers till the joints
show great demonstrations of joy,
crack, t.* _. ..jLJy-Jy farka^
^Lll^t azAar al farah.
asu.li-.aho.
The joint of a Joyful, jjL-a^j farhun, j$ju~t
slaughtered animal, a joint of
masrur, JUIjj^^ wagrfir oZ
meat, jîi iarfu (pi.
od^. ' See Cheerful, merry.
652
JTJD
JUD
the merit of anything), ^ -~^ly.

i^-î. sahib khibrat, jJJLcu^>-L
make joyful, ji farrah.
sahib
Joyfully, -UijlJ^j bikol ibtihaj,
\^takl.
Judge, v. (do justice), i_jLa3l ansaf,
jjjî bi surur.
JJLC âdal; (decide law-suits),
Joyfulncss, ji farah. See Joy.
*&- hakam, Ltâ^\âi fasol
Jubilee, s. <^jO tarab, a^s# bahjat,
al
khusumat. To judge (form an
inbuilt, ijMst masarrat,
opinion), ^ zan, ^jujLJ>,J-
j] ibtihaj. See Festivity.
iamal kiyas. See Criticise, dis
Judge, . ^li <# Judges, iLii
Joyful news, i^lij biahurat. To
cern distinguish.
kudat. My or our lord judge, lj^
ÛH iiHinii'iuu al kadi. The Judgment (opinion), ^ zann, ^\j
ray, ^Jo tadblr, Ûi' kiyas;
judge of a city, jJJlîU kadi
(understanding), JJic âkl, A-jLj
al balad. The judge of the army,
farasat; (the sentence of a judge),
^Ludl^li kadi al âakar. The
decree of a judge, cîJl*^*! lilm ash ghar^, & hujjat. The
j fatwa', JU- hukm (plur.

ahkam), cylll^Ca. â/tj
actuary who writes the sentence

of a judge, tl/lô sakkuk. The
t, Lsi iarfa. See Doom,

condemnation, sentence, decision.
chief judge, iUiaJl â\i kudl al

htdat. The greatest judge of his
age, ÛjSULaj ,Ja^ agamkudat
iiii ni iiii. To appoint a judge,
^j-jl5<l_L^_ lamalaho kadi.
To go or appear before a judge,
^J'Jil' *Ll^-j=- heder amdm al
A judgment (punishment from

heaven), <dMLii kada allah. The
kadi. To cite before a judge,

l amSm al kadi.
bribe to corrupt a judge, i^^ji

bartll, iy*j rtuhwat. A judge
(a person capable of deciding on
day of judgment or resurrection),

iCtLsJl AJJ ////(/; Z kiyamat. The
judgment- seat, LttLs?1 maJikamat.
See Court of justice (tribunal).
To pronounce judgment, (_jisj^r
^<z!<z fatwa', *i-.jkcl Oiata'
hukm. See Judge.Soundness of
judgment, JJLl!*i fiu>aj a?
-.nil. A man of sound judgment,
Jjb !_--- La *aA5 taW. Men of
sound judgment, JyLew
JUI
ashab
653
Without judgment,
bila Lakl.
Judicatory, (courtofjustice),<U^s-*
mahkamat. See Court. (distri
JUR
grapes or other fruits,^--ae ^tulr,
j>jl-ae ituarat. Juices of styptic
plants, Li'J'1 akakid.

Lemon
juice, 0,yk-^.-i mayyat laymun.
bution of justice), Jjkll^>-\ ijrd Jujube (fruit), (_>llc tttnndi. The
barren jujube tree, ^jij-ij wyal âdl. Judicature, \-ai kadd,
zafun.
f^J>- hukm. See Jurisdiction.
Julap, <Jwj- jalldb.
Judicial, judiciary, ^-jZ>
July, .-i^Jjj yulius, jj*3 tammiiz.
Judicially, Icî sharân,
c -uJ! muwafik ashsliar^. De Jumble, v. kL>- Hia^. See Con
found.A jumble, ,
manding payment judicially,
Is -i Afi- \ -'" in Inli hi1 1;knit > Jument, .(beast of burthen)^
ij 1*=- /' /'/7sA humulat.
sharân.
Judicious, (Jf.i_-^-L. sahib (.akl, Jump, c. ki not. Sec Bound, spring.
(to agree with), Jîlj woî.
farasat. See Prudent, skilful, Jump, *. <UaJ nattat. See Leap.
Junction, JUaJ'l iUisdl,
wise.
Judiciously, iLAjij^^ÂcJbJ bikol
See Coalition.
âklin via farasat. See Wisely. Juncture, J-sL mafsal(i
mnfusil),^2. iftda. See Junction,
Jug, 8. j kHz, <)w)ls lease. See Cup,
pot, tankard.
joint, articulation.(time), ^}^j
tamdn, i^_J. >!/.
Juggle, v. ^.J,AJ za^bar tala',
iJuJi ghash. See Deceive.
June, ujrfj*- hitayrdn.
Juggle, juggling, *-^*/ ta*a-J>ur. Juniper, j^f- ârcdr.
See Imposture, deception, trick. Junk (a Chinese ship),
Juggler, . rff-y* mvta^bir.
[muthtart.
markub sinl.
Jugular, ,_jb- halkl. The jugular Jupiter (planet),
vein, iX> ijH J*- AW / warld.
Juridical,
Juice, jsê -jii-nk. tejlej rutubat,
Judicial.
iLs.-'j raihhat (plur. Cjls-^j Juridically,
*Arâ. Juris
rashhdt). The pressed juice of
consult. See Lawyer.
29
JUS
654
Jurisdiction, <ujL>- hukumat, Lii

7iY!(to, *s- Ituk/n, i'ol!j waldyat.
Exercising jurisdiction,
Jurisprudence, <u
al iiidl, i_i^jl unsnf. The Lord

Chief Justice, ilaJLH^l
al kudat.
<UuJ!.Lc Justifiable,
ashihar^.
Just,
JUT
?, JA*X
See
Equitable, honest, good, virtuous.
bi hasab
haklkl,
ash thar^. See Right, defensible.
saltill,
Justifiableness,
<LjU- htikkCnilyiif. See Bectitude.

Justification, jjkc ûzr,jiaj^ tabrir,
Jjocl ijlizar, <L^-J tazkiyat.
SeeVindication.(purgation from
sin) \jt~A istibra, (Joi^- khalas.
(accurate),
See
Exact, full, complete, regular.
Just weight, (j \jijj) wazn w&fl.
To distinguish the just from the
unjust, JbLJI^J^sJ Jji faarak
See Pardon.
al link iitin al Ifitil.
Justifier, s. justificator, _.^ muJust, adv., i&jJSo bikol dikat. See
barrir. See Defender.

Justify, v. tji barrar, j'
Exactly.(alike), Ji* mill.

Justice, jAfi âdl, illjkc âdulat,
^j zakka'. See Absolve, de
>-) 1ii- hakkaniyat, <L1 Ax. <
fend, vindicate.
ma^dalat, i_jLail '/, <i*Jj-i> Justle, v. AjLaJi tasadam. See
Public justice, LaLJ\ atsiyasat
Distributive justice, <LJlA_*JI
Clash, encounter.
Justly, JjsJb bilhak, <LM ArJ^J JM
uidfdat, i_j^^!lj bissatcab. See
al kdiimat.
Sonestiy, uprightly ; also just,
An administrator of justice,
exactly.
J^k.li.jysr* mujrl al hak. Ac Justness (accuracy), <LJ dikkat,
JLo kamiil. See Exactness;
cording to justice, c^li!>_^...,~c7
>
justice.
J /-A'M/A asfahari. Contrary to
al
justice,
To administer justice,
to do justice, Jj^'u^rH aJra>
Jut, . (to shoot into prominences),

J/.! ashraftala', .
rama' âla'. See Project.
KEE
655
Juvenile, t_jLi shab. The juvenile
KEP
Guard,
protect. (to detain),
uXw wi.
age, &*}}?> ihibubiynt.
See Stop.(to
last), *l /taw. See Remain.
K.
K, in English, has one invariable
sound before all the vowels ; and
is expressed in Arabic by LlX
(_>li kitab, ' book ;' and (with a
stronger effort in the throat) by
jj, AB i^JuJ budrat, power,'
(to maintain, support with the

necessaries of life), CJlS kat. See
Feed.(to restrain), k~o dabat,
-x* wfl;_. To keep company
(with anyone), c_^-L> eahab,
-iU i&ihar. To keep in or keep
close (conceal), ^j^*-! akhfa\ To
keep off, keep aloof, Juc baâd;
^jJL* mukaddae, ' holy,' jiy

lark, lightning." Before n it is
silent, as in knife, knee, pro
nounced A-;/;-, nee.
[Calendar.
Kalendar, +-jj .1 .j takwlm.
See
(to hinder), f-^ mana^. To

keep under (oppress), *& zafem,
îS kahar. To keep on (advance,
go forward), (jju takaddam. To
keep one's bed, i^Mll-JJjo
Kali, ^jlJi Ml. Alkali, ^Lsll alkali.

Keen (eager), As*- /w>W; (sharpedged), j-Hi dl. See Pierc
ing.(severe), ,X>.Xi> shadld. A
keen-edged sword, t\ -^ 1_ - -.
*_<// /Wrf.
Keenness (eager
kaâd bil JlrasTi. To keep or

dwell (in any place), (.~> sakan.
To keep house (maintain a family),
ei^'-x^ /a<aA iayi. To keep
the house (to be at home), Jjti
L" ';.' iJ> kaâd fll bayt. To
ness), ^, . r ghlrat, i'jti

keep out (prevent entrance), ^~i
thiddat. See Ardor, zeal, vehematuii min addukhul.
mence. (severity),
i teafa'
To keep a promise,
iaramat, L_Q,'.C ^wn
See As
al itthd.
'
perity.(rigor of weather),
Keeper, s. SaiU- hafit,
-jr-^'' xhi'filat al bard,
Ja\J nazir.
tamharlr.
mahfuz,
Kept (guarded),
-*
Keep, . (take care of, preserve),
(detained),
hafaz,
^^- hama' .
See
Hlll'<!flk
KIN
656
Kermes,J^j kirmiz.
Kernel, *. (of a nut, etc.),
hab, i^jj niwa', t_-J lib,
kail.
[pot.
Kettle, s. ^\Js kazan. See Caldron,
KIN
Human
kind,
* - ^
- '
basfiar. Another kind,

yr naw^. Of different
kinds,
mukUalifat,
Key, s. \ZAs muftah (plur. ^vj'^
mukhtalifah.
mafatlh).
Kindle, s. ijr^ ahrak,
Kibe, . (chap in the heel), <Jwi
ashc.al. See Inflame, set on fire,
k_-^3l(.i shukftlka^b.
exasperate, animate.
Kick, v. u*>Jj rafas, LJ faint.
Kindled, __'.A. tnalhul,
mushtaal. See Inflamed.
Kick, . <Uj^ rafsat. A kicker,
U. raffat. A kicking horse, Kindling,
^ mtidtarim.
U *''"*
Kindly,
Jj'M karam,
ramuh.
Kidney, . i'^K
(plur.
liltol mtthabbat. See Benevolently,
favorably; afoo congenial, homoKidney, . (or French) bean, <U;^S
geneal; mild, softening.
Kill, , Jsi iaiaJ. To kill animals
for food, ^rj zaiaA. Killed,, Kindness, ^_ ^ W fo</, /ti.Uf. t </#,
Jyi* maktul. Killed by poison,
*j^*- i/>t'Hiitii//t. See Poisoned.
KiUer, . JjU A
See Murderer.
Killing, part. JjlS
Ai'U raafat. See Benevolence,

beneficence, favor, love.
Kindred (by blood), tj>\Ji karabat,
c_ûJ nasab (plur. tJ'^j'
asdi). See Eelation, relative,
Kiln, . ^yi /ur, ^yJ <aur.
sort.
[Congenial.
Kind (benevolent),
j Icarlb. See
latlf, Kindred, adj.
-*- ^
Kine (plur. of cow),
karlm,
muftwb. See Bencncent, friendly,
mawdshi,jjij baka/r.
favorable.
King, s. ul^L ?aW. A king of
Kind (race, sort, species),
> 1 aj'nds),
jiru (plur. ^l
i, (plur. ^1jj
kings,
a great king,
ÛaL^
Be
longing to the king,
657
KNI
KNO
butcher's knife, jjbLs atur.

mtltdnl.
See Royal.Kings,
A pen-knife, /,iUj',Jj kalarn
k_jJ- muluk.
Kingdom, s. ^xL*. mamlakat,
tar&sh, \j~+ mabrd.
-J.J datolat, <fc.LLi saltanat. Knight, A. j^<& kaicallier. See
See Dominion, empire.
Cavalier, hero, champion.The
Knights Templars, _j,l.x_!''
Kingship. See Royalty, monarchy.
Kinglike, kingly, (JlJaLj wtfrnu.
addawiyat. The Knights Hos

pitallers (or Knights of Malta),
See Royal, sovereign, august.
^.buJtl al iibitariyat.
King's evil, . <^-^- sarujah. See
Scrofula.
Knit (unite by knots), v. .
Kiss, . <Lsjj bawsat, <LLJ kublat.
(to unite by texture),
Kiss, p. (jwb }<Z, jli Icabbal, !
hayyak. See "Weave, tie, join,
unite, contract.
Kissed, i^~ multasam. A person Knock, v. jjJ rfa. To knock at a
or thing kissed, (J-^ mukabbal.
door, (_>U'ijjJ dak al bub. To
Kissing, . Ju_~*_j takbll, ^
knock down, t_-â darab. To
lam.
knock on the head (kill), Jsj
Kitchen, s. *âs* matlakJi.
katal, <-.Jje darab. See Kill.
Knave, ,^*jL niuluttljl, j\Ai Knock, s. &* darbat, >*.^y latmat,
ffhaddar. See Rascal, scoundrel.
LijLax mmadamat. A knock at
Knavery, j Ju: ghadr, Â-- Af?a<,
a door, c_.'U\jjJ cfa a/ iai.
^M-Jj .'u/lii'*. See Fraud, dis
A knocker (one who beats),
V
tt
honesty.
Knavish, j\&zgha.ddar. See Knave;
<Jjê darib.
The knocker or
ring of a door, t_>L)tjLl.

Zso dishonest, fraudulent, mis
halakat al bdb.
chievous, waggish.Knavishly, Knot, *. iJsc îikdat (plur.
dl.^'b In I hllat. See Fraudu
jJu ^t(ad). See Difficulty, in
lently; waggishly.
[rukab).
tricacy, association, cluster, col
Knee, s. <U. rukbat (plor. ^^j
lection.A knot in wood, JjJic
Kneel, v. j-S^ raka^, .Xs-5 sa/ad.
<gikdat. Solomon's knot (or seal),
Knife, . .*S~.- tiklAn. A large
khatim solaymfin.
658
KNO
Known,
To knot or make a knot,

tuktict.
LAB
See Entangle, perplex.
ma^lum.
To unloose a knot, ijJJtHclXi

fat al ivkdat.
Knotty, jut*-* miiâkkad,
See In
L preserves always the same sound

in English, and is expressed in
tricate, difficult.
Know, v. i_f-e êref, *Lc ^2mt.
See Comprehend, understand, dis
Arabic hy J ; as JJ layl, ' a

night ' ; h_*lli fo?aJ, ' a call.'
Label, . (title to a book, etc.),
tinguish. Knowable,
yunârif.
L.
î' -^ ^(inn-fin.
A Knower,
A label affixed
to a piece of cloth, marking the
tarif.
Knowing, part, and adj. ^L-J/e
ârfan, t_s^Lc ârt/, Jlc âlim.
price, ^tj rakam.
a title on a book, etc.),

tcada^ icmtcan al kitdb.
See Skilful, learned, conscious,
Labial (pronounced by the lips),
intelligent. Knowingly,
hitul
wa
thifdhi.
ma^rifat.
Labial letters,
huruf shifahiyat.
Knowledge, Juc film, +33 fuhm,

tej*** ma^rifat (plur. <_j>,U,
maârif], ^ fan (plur. ^jxi
f/tit fin), 4-i ^ ~-
To label (put
hikmat.
See
Laboratory, s. c_;îJ dulab,

mammal, AjUi-jS karkhanat.
Laborious, v. Ay^ mujjid,
shaghghil.
See Industrious, dili
Science,learning, skill.cognizance,
gent,
understanding, acquaintance, in
t_ô^ jaî.
assiduous. (not
easy),
formation.Certain knowledge,
Laboriously, Ap-j Jk?- Jio i*X'oZ
See Tiresome.
^jLJis- Ac ^/ Jiaklkl. A know
jaddin tcajahd.
Labor,
s. (hard work), y_ - "-f^* -*
ledge of laws, AJuLJlAc J.Iin al
fikh.
Desirous of knowledge,
Acc.^^ tfilili i/'lHI.
Without
shughl mutiib ;
(work, action,
endeavour), JL? Carnal, Joti jSt/,
knowledge, <L_syv/->cr mm
Âayr jwa^râ^.
knowledge,
Belonging to
rf, J .*
shuyhl.
See Industry, endea-
LAC
659
LAM
r. Lacerated, ,*;=c^
vour.(pain, trouble),
[need.
taâb.
Labor in vain,
XilsJj taâb btld fayidat, ,<*-j Lack, ?. -ls-1 A%'. See Want,
y etiil bdtil. To oppress with Lackey, s. /!A. khaddflm. See
Footman, servant.
labor, L - *
out labor, L. -* "^.' /'(''" tn-.ul. Laconic, ^.a.-.j-* mukktatar. See
Brief, concise, short.
See Easily, gratis.With great
Lad,
. jJj iciilit/L See Boy.
labor, Aa..*. <ji_^j JkJ bikol taâb
Ladder, 8. *Lj su/lam.
tea mmhakkat. Labors,
niiinri-.i, <j\\ a^nial. A laborer Lade v. (load), J-Z- hammal.
(for hire), jjL> suni^. ; (workman,
Lading, J^^- Aom?. SeeWeight,

burden, cargo.Laden,
etc.), jjU rtmt.
muhammal. See Loaded.
Labor, v. (toil),
jad; (to labor under difficulty, Ladle, *. ^-^ io/Xfr.
disease, etc.), J-ST^J tawajja^, Lady, g.^y Ui. kteitun (pi. CJ
khUtunat}, î. -wyq iY, Cl?ULi silt fit.
^j\ ibtala1. To labor (to be
u~~i saydat.My lady,
in childbirth), c: -JL.,i.k tilkn.t.
yd iitti.Lady-like, ui.
Laboring, part, and adj. ^L* aji,
JtfJLs" mujtahid.
Laid (part, prefer. of lay),
Laborsome, v_ i*" t ,,int -./'/'.
Lain (^<w<. prefer, of lie),
Labyrinth, . .^T-' ta^rij, ^'i.^
muttaki, f?r** mustarih.
dul&b, A " -f maghlatat, i'Jr ,
Lake, *. i^-oc7 J hayrat.
wartat, <LJLc âkabat, f-J tayh.
Lamb, .'u->jy=>- kharaf.
Lace, Jjls-1 q/u, \J*&.&. kaahkash. Lame, _.y:l <*=.?/, lz*- ai#. See
See Fringe, edging.
Cripple.To lame, _
Lace, p. (adorn with lace),
.I'/nfil ktuhTcash,
Lacerate, p. ^ri- khaszak, Jii
Laceration,
Lameness, ^c. %arj,

iOrajan. See Crippleness.
Lament, f. ^^3 tashakka?, \_---\"
taassaf, _U dA. See Bewail,
deplore, bemoan, mourn.
LAN
660
LAN
Estate.(the surface of the
Lament, lamentation,
shikayat, l.Cii shikwa, oo bikd,
ji->*lj taasiuf, LXi*-> tashakkl,
Xj nudlial .
ground), ^jli ^T) wajh al ard ;

(nation), +*i kawm, (jb>- khalk,
A_l* millat. See People.^By
Lamentable, ,J*~* mtibakki, joj^*

mwAatn. See Mournful, sorrow
ful; pitiful, miserable.
sea and land, \f^.y \j> barran v>

lahran,
Land, v. (set on shore), yJl^l^p
nezil ila' al bar.
[See Army.
Lamentably, JL* cîj J mur-Jn
Land forces, .J K.Cme, âikar al bar.
mubakki.
Landed
(brought to land)yJl ^ JjU
Lamenter, s. ,<jLi> shakl,
nazfl fll bar; (come to land),
nawwdh, ^JoliX* mutashakki.
-ill^-1 aja til bar; (possessed of
Lamina (thin plate), w_>-3
an
estate in land), i^/Ltlu.â-Lj
Lamp, s. _ljo *aru/,
sahib amlak.
[Inundation.
masrajat, ~\+^* misbdh (plur.
^jLi masublh), JjJ^ kmdil Land flood, s. ,_)_..i sayl. See
(plur. JjjliJs kanudil). The lamp Landholder, s. ê\î^.^>.\^ sahib
aradi. Landless, -*jÂ_!L^
of the state, aJijJllî ftwa/
mdlaho aradi.
aMawlat. See Lustre.The -wick
or match of a lamp, A.\,r^fatllat. liandlord, -. 4Juu yji^^^-U3 saMo
al hkanda.
See Landholder;
See Match.
Lampoon, . ^s* haju. See Satire.
innkeeper, host.
Lance, . f*j rumh (plur. L*; Landlady, y
^ armuh.
lokanda. See Hostess.
Lance, . (chirurgically), c.-^ Landmark, .
alamat al
j.".ut;ib f///) Jt7 nashtar. See
r<f. See Bounds, marches.
T
Jl
\{ \\\
-11
Cut, pierce, scarify ; also to dart. Landward,j-llc-J^lal lataraf al bar.

Lane, .jJjJ daJdls,J-JL* ma^bar,
Lancet, s.fjuj ntuhtar.
(jâ^jj zukuk dayyik. See
Land (region), ^^,1 <m7, A!J ia/arf,
c^L ,?//;. See Country.
Alley, street.
(earth), ^j\ ard; (immoveable Language (speech) ÛJ lisan (pi.
possession), C/iL^ amlak. See
alsunat), tj& loghat (plur.
LAN
661
LAR
loffhat).
See Tongue. Lantern, s. lanthorn,

The Arabic language, ^yilÛ
(a light-house), lisan al c.arabi. The Persian
Lantern-jaw' d,
language,
âjami,
Ks^l^jLJ lisan al
Jandr.
mut-arrak al khaddln.
al farsl. The Lap, s.

The lap of a
language of the moderns, ..ji-uJ
garment, Jj J dayl.
^^-li^ll lisan al mutakhkhirin.
Expressive language, cJJkC^LJ
^l^-il lisan ûzib albayan. Meta
Lap, . ê *r, u-fiJ iz/. See In

volve, wrap, fold.To lap (as a
dog), etc., fju^f Idhas. See Lick.
phorical language, i_jW* majazl.
Lapdog, s.jJtî^.^ kalb saghlr.

A language master, *!*- muâllim.
Lapidary, *. fci/lx_=>- hnkkftl:,
Languid, i_iL^ dagf, ji\i fatir.
.^f-jt>\jpr jaieuhirji. To lapi

date, lapidation, *^-, rajam. See
See
Faint, feeble. To make
languid, t__a*^ adtaf.
To be
come languid, *._ ^ deêf.

Languidness, ^' -r <?:./.
Feebleness, weakness.
Languish, v. Jj J (?J/.
Stone, etc.
Lapis lazuli, J^jX^S' //// Idtward,
See
Languish
V*~* mmu.
Lappet, . Jj J rfy/. A lappet of a
head dress, ,Jj J (fay/.
ing, jr#. J^-lc âjiz, jj\i fatir,
Lapse (fall), LyLj SKU ; (flow),

See Languid.To languish (look
with tenderness
or
softness),
fjj*^ J dabbal ûyunaho.
J--) iayl; (error), Ui- M<,

LLc ghalat,j~a&i takslr, î sahu,
Liji- sakat.
Languishingly,
(looking tenderly),
Lapse, r. (glide), i_f^f- /ara' ; (to

make an inadvertent slip), Li-i
nazar bi âyun dablunat.

Languishment. See Languidness.
Languor. See Languidness, lassi
tude.
Lank, >_iL.f dagf. See Lean,
thin, limber ; languid. Lankness, >_8.r tin . I'.
Âfe< ; (to fall from truth or per

fection), LiLi (</< ; (to pass
away), J|j adZ. See Elapse.
Lapwing, . ci-OjJ'Us tatwlt.
Larboard (left hand side of a ship
when you stand with your face to
LAS
662
the head), t_ô,.*] ! J l.i ahimal

al inrhali, <JU*J1 altkala.
Larch (tree), (j^>j^> sharbln.
Lard, jj,j**?\ **?"' thahm aI khanzlr.
LAS
shahwat,
shahiedtl,
nuftanl, JîU /a*i. See Lust

ful, wanton.Lascivious amuse
See Bacon.
malahi.
ments, ,e.
Larder, s. <tj^!lu^~o baytalmZnat. Lasciviously,
Large (wide), -='j ei-d**^, i^y:
hawas,
i./'7(/, ÂÛJ /alA, y->jy.r. u.^
shahwat.
mwtaicsi^. See Broad.(big), Lasciviousness,
shahwat,
-o Icallr. i( .li.r. L-cazzm, i...>fujur, {*** fisk. See Concupis
.y
'
'
cence, lust, wantonness.

, Jilj>- fold,
Lash, *.
Copious, plentiful, liberal, diffuse.
darb ; (the mark of a stripe on
Largely, at large (diffusively),
the skin), >~/rc darb ; (a thong.
whip),
iL-JL-* :in.iki'ii-.i'! . See
\~iLt mufasalan, Ajt~i,J&j likol
jatim;
(abundant), j^ katUr,
toasât. See Extensively, widely.

(copiously), V .*. kaslran ;
(bounteously), jJ-j likol
karmin, \li-I1J^j likol sakhawat.
Scourge ; a?*o leash, string.

(stroke of satire), ^sP haju. See
Sarcasm.The eye-lashes, ^.jA^jufn.
Lash, v. ji^- jalad; (to satirise),

See Liberally.
fjsf" haja1, ijjb In .an.
Largeness (wideness), <U-^ waiât,
J^*** fashat, \jiij2- ard. See Lass, *. j bikr, <L*~* eabiyat. See
Girl, maid.
Extension.
(bulk, bigness),
Lassitude, w.-^ti taâb (plur. t_?Uj^
âzamat, Js icubr.
ot^li]. See Fatigue, weariness.
Lwrgess, a. Lx_J\ m-Lii
See
Last, ^^T diAir. The last day,
Gift, bounty, present.
j)j~\ id;In i- ya trni. The last,
Lark, . Jij~J kvnbarat.
jsî\ al akhir.
Larynx (top of the windpipe),
iU.nl r. ghaliamat (plur. *îi Last, s. (on which shoes are made),
_--! li Aaft'i oZ martub.
LBBCirious,
Last, r.
--'.'..-, '_ *',;;.
LAT
063
Lasting, adj. /wLJ kayim,

dayim. See Durable.Lastingly,
UjLji kuyman. See Durably,
perpetually.Lastingness, iL.
karar, j<^~ '' istimr&r, *\j
dawam, tuU tdbat.
LAU
Latter, ^T akhir. See Modern,

late.The latter part, ^^-ri-31
alakhir, \j) ward..
Lattice, >. << C..*.t + mathbakat.
Lattice, v. (J-C.*.i shalak. Latticed,
mushabbal;.
Laudable,
~*>-\) w&jib al
Lastly, in the last place, at last,
,
^jajcUyyo
mustahsan,
.
\#-\ akhlran.
liamiil,
_Â_-4w
mamduh.
Lau.
Latch, . (of a door), Jja kufl. To
dable actions, i'ju^jv. JL_j!
latch, J&t &//.
a/j.dZ luiin'ulat, *<lj^ mad&yih,
Latchets (of a shoe), ^^Juw <*din,
ÎC makarim, JKls-* mahamid.
Late, ^Jaj ia, ^k^^kj bafi al
Laudable qualities, L\..^-> CîU-j
harakat, ^Ja~* wwi. The late,
sif&thamldat. The laudable quali
(j*-^* mwhtim. See Defunct.
ties of your Excellency, j^ls**
Lateness, ^Lo ia<s. See Slowness.
^.O jU_!,Ûw. mahamid wa ma
Latent, ^Jaje* muJchtafl, ^_ôU
karim saâdatikum. Laudable en
ffkayib. See Concealed, hidden,
deavours, Ap-jJk^^jcL^* /aa^(
secret.
mamduhat. The more laudable
Later, j&. \ akhlr. See Posterior.
qualities, iJu*iJi_Jl_^!!jkA-!
uli mad al awiaf al hamldat. LauLateral, î\>- janibl, jJa tarafl,
dableness,
Lj-ir>- janbl. See Collateral.
KK?lA (plur.
madayiti).
Latest, _^T akhlr.
Laudably, _Â^* <lo-^j li wajhin
Lather (froth of soap and water),
mamduh.
^jAdMyij rayhaicat agsdbun.
Lave, t7.n. J-liJ taghanal, J,..^.,^
Latin, Lji.j3 ?d<In?.
ightatal, v.a. Ji ghaial. See
Latitude, ^^ ârd. See Breadth,
"Wash, bathe.
width ; room, extent, space. A Lavender, iJuJ lawanda.
degree of latitude, yc^JlAp-.j Laugh, c. tKs-5 oVM, tlXs-^'
darajat al ârd.
k_jli tadahhak âla'. See Deride,
Latitudinarian, s. jus"^ tnwlhid.
scorn, ridicule.
See Unbeliever.
Laugh, *. Csr* dihk. A loud
LAU
664
LAW
laugh,
See Laurel, . <djj duflt,j\. ghur.
Laughter.
Law, <LJLJ ^?M ; (divine), v y_i
Laugher, *. (_L*-Uj dahik.
Laughing, part. cl-L-p dahik.
o^-i iharlât ; (rule, custom),
Laughingly, A.t,s $ 'îlX^
j kdîdat,
.-J dattur ; (right, equity,
bidihkin wa Tcahkahah.
justice), J^>- Aai, aJ^JkC toddlat,
Laughter, (JjCs-5 dihk.
Lavish, jJV....* muhzir. u-iû**
i_sUail '/. See Edict, decree,
statute, custom, process.The
musrtf, i-a.!".--* niidlif. See
Prodigal, profuse.
holy law, <U_jy
lJ! ahLavish, ?. uJ^ awo/1, jjo ia<ir,
ashshanfat.
Learned
in the law,
Lavisher, . i_iJa. mutlif.
cî_llj_lil <////
See
ashshar^, iAJ-^\^Ji>\ ahl al fikh.
Lavish, prodigal.
Lavishly, (.J^-jlûjiJjJSj S?M
talafin wa israf.
Agreeable to law, according to law,

^ju^(jj\y muw&fik ashiJiar^,
. c-s,1 sharc.i. See Lawful.
Contrary to law,
khilaf ashshar^, *-\. ~- hardm.
See Illegal.Laws,
Lavishnees, t-Jôl >ra/. See

Prodigality.
Launch, v. (a ship into the sea),
^*.i nashab al
mar/cab fil bahr,
;,n:.:.n/ al markab fll bahr.
Laundress, -. tLiwc ghassaiat. A
laundry, <JL*iy^ja^. Give my
linen to the laundress,
rustirn,
hukuk. To observe the laws of
friendship, <L*
/Vr.'' /'I//, Hi'- al muhabbat. To put
the laws in execution,
ty'ra' hukuk ashshar^.

a^2 gJuwlli lil Lawful, _L mvbah, _-r^_i
ghasialah.
Laureate, laurelled (crowned or
/'"/.
ei A.Mf A.H muwajik
adorned with laurel), Ûllj J1C

mukallal lil gMr. A poet lau
reate,
Jtt'r ditcunl.
ashsharif, ^\s>- jayii. A lawful

witness, J jUJtfcli shahid âdtt.
To be lawful, JL- */5/. To
665
LAX
LAY
ixtii-Hn,
make lawful, Jl- hallal. See Laxation,
Legalise To consider as lawful,
JjCUs! ittahal.
Laxative, (J^*"- mushil. A laxative,
Lawfully, Icî sharân, *sc-iJlj
murakhkhl, ^J^+ mulayym.
bil shariât, (J)lk.lj HI halal. Laxity, laxness, li-^> rakha, ij^>y
Riches lawfully acquired, JL.
ra.khu.wat. See Looseness, slack
ness.
J.l^ mat halal.
Lay, c. (place), j-^j MJarfu^ ^
Lawfulness, *J_j> sharlât,
iodalat. See Justice.

Law-giver or maker, . c
(jij-liJI_*j!j wadi^ al namus,
^y> \su\ *.-^_j wadi^ al kanun.

Lawless, cîib bild shari, iiXeliib
lila Li'i-Jilnt. Lawlessly, j^f-^
c^-Ji min ghayr thar^.
Lawn, s. (open space between
woods), jjlkV* midan.
Law-suit, . i_ycO daîea', or
daitca, (tyjli kadiyat,
mwafaât, cUi
wjwndEfl...'' (plur. LL
ndzaât), -_k_x-fv^"^ khu&umat (pi.
khuiumut .
To carry on a law
An adversary
suit,
in a law-suit,
muddaî.
Lawyer, *.
da^wa.
Lax,
mustarkJa,
See Loose, slack.
tarah. To lay or spread carpets,

etc., LuJ asa, (__/!/* faraeh. To
lay down (deposit as a pledge),
; (to quit, resign), L!^J
Aq;r ; (to advance as
a proposition), (_K/*xi kaddam
ray. To lay hold of, llw
^'.vr'/i. See Seize, catch.To lay
on (taxes, etc.), ^_iJ L(^_! 1 _ yltarah attakahf. See Impose.
To lay on, lay at (beat), ^-^
darab. See Strike.To lay open,
jo\ a- /'<ir. See Expose, show.
To lay out (expend), i_>^!> taraf,
kharaj; (to display), ^\
-. c8,1*.!^ kathaf. See Dis
cover.To plan, arrange, *liJ
nazam. See Dispose, contrive.
To lay one's-self out (make an
exertion), , j-j sato'. See EnSr"
^
deavour.To lay to one's charge
(accuse), ^^^ ishtaka'. To
lay to (apply with vigor), JL_
666
LEA
Carnal kol jahdaho. To

lay together, {-*? jama^. See
Collect.To lay eggs,
badat. To lay a wager,
ruhan. Sec "Wager, bet.
tabaka.
-,ayer,
Layman, *
Lazar, *. ifj>\ obrat. See Leper.

A lazaretto, <U-5Jjl Mrantlna.
LEA
hattahofti tadr. Lead (guidance),
i'jLs kiyudat.
Leader, *. J^jLi iayi'rf, ^Âi*
mtikd&m, f\*\ amam. The leader
of an army, jjl^ljaU fey/d al
jayh.
Leading (showing the way), adj.
jj JaJlJ^JL* rfdto? attarlk;
(principal), (_J^ w
mutlak. See Chief.
See Hospital.
Leaf, . (of a tree), <
(plur. ^1 1^\ awrdi).
Laziness, <UlLj batalat, JljM ihmal,
sheet, or thin plate,
Jyuo kasal. See Idleness, slug
tabak tanak,
Lazily, û> bikasal.
gishness.
Lazy, JJlc gh&fil, (J^^ kaslan.
See Idle, indolent, sluggish, slow,
tedious.
Lead, ^j^cj rasas.

Lead, v. k~^~1 iahab,j>- jar, jlJi
kad.
See Draw, carry. To
warakat
A leaf,
saflhat
tanak. Aleaf ofpaper, jj

talhiyat warak. See Sheet.
The leaf of a book, csahlfat kitab (plur.
iah&yifl. To strip a tree of its
leaves, j-s?^\ jbj^1^" 7<""a<*
awrdk assajar. The leaf of a
door, (__>LllcKâr misrdtâl lab.
guide, Jj doll; (to induce),

malaho awrak.
ij>~r- harrad. See Persuade, Leafless,
prevail.To lead about or round, Leafy, J[
muwarrak.
j.O dawwar. To lead an army, League, .
muâhadat, jUj\ ittifak,
JLjiMjli iaJ al ititkar. To lead
ittihad. See Confederacy,
astray, J- doll. See Seduce.
combination.To league w enter
into a league, i JJi\jcJ_jl lamalu
To lead back,
Lead (first place), ^ adr. To
give the lead,
iJu-aJI(j*lar>-
mvâhadat, \j_i_JUr taMlafii.

See Confederate.To obBerre a
LEA
667
LEA
league,
mesek alâhd. Leap, *. (Lk) nattat, ifii kafzat.
To break a league, J^*J \ âsj nakud
See Jump, spring.
alâhd. A written league,
Leap-year, <Uu-.o<Uj *< kalliat,
iohdnama. Leagues, J^c %
^ju.^ \s. âm kdbls,
ij*j\ytmawaslk. Leagued,
Learn, v. (gain the knowledge
muttahid.
of), Jjti taâllam. To teach,
League, . (parasang, three miles),
Jx (Mllam. To teach and learn,
^ji farsakh, J-^. mil.
Leak, *. Jii shik. A leak in a
oiaam. To
learn by heart, ilL-w. Aa/az, JjO
ship, i.-^^Jb^J^Ji shik lilmarkal.
Ljls taâllam ffhdyban. Learned,
Leak, r. (of a ship), U j
ma, (JiUl inshak.
J Ic i&lim, Lc *
Lean, t>. (incline against),
ittaka', ..V.njl insanad.
See
See Skilful, knowing.
Eecline.To lean upon a staff,
J-AJ taâkkaz. To lean against
a wall, iXwwjl tnsanad. To lean
A learned man.
or be in a bending posture, JL
mat. See Stoop.To lean to a
Uic
Learnedly,
side (to be partial), .

mal ila'.
Lean (not fat), (~-i-=sr nahlf,
da^lf. The lean (of meat),
Fat and lean, ^Jj^ji habr wa
duhn. To be or grow lean, y /
dtêf, i^JussTjL, sdr nahlf. To
make lean, t__ax*5 daâj. Lean
ness, t_ e^ <fit:f.
c.ulim.
Jlejj>-.
Learned
men,
Learning, *.
mutrifat, *J /Awj. See Know
ledge, science, skill.Desirous of
learning,
A learner,
mutaâllim,
i^>Jc^ mubtadi.
Lease, . (of a farm, etc.),j\*-l
To lease, ^>-T fl/lw. To take on

Leap, u. ki a<, î Jtajfeai.. See
lease,^5>- 1^)1 istajar.
Jump ; orerleap : fly ; start.
To leap (as a horse does a mare), Leash, . o^ *ayrf. See Band,
..U? tah. See Cover.
thong, strap.
LEA
668
Least, adj.j**e\ asghar, JJil akal,

U J\ adna ; (adv. in the lowest
degree), ^ôl^tjjl adna' ma
LEE
thing (to suffer to remain),
alka\ To leave one's affairs to
another' s care, ^ ^ *lxi *i-i <
yakun. At least, jlj wdaw.

shugftlaho ila'.
Leaved (having foliage),
Leather, JiL>- jild (plur.
julud).
Morocco or Cordova
(///& awrak.
Leaven,
^-*- khamlrat. Leavened,
leather, c,Lii-) eakhtiyan. Red
leather, jf~ hawr. A leather
^* mukhammar,
sword-belt, i_ Bjmi 1 A-*-j
tamir.
Leaves (plur. of leaf), Jj
A leather-dresser,
dabbagh. See Tanner, currier. Leavings, cyLiilj lakiyut,
To dress leather, f-> J dabagh.
See Curry, tan.A leather seller, Lecher, *. (j^j zaZ. See Whoremaster.Lecherous, Jt-)î /dti.
-j bayyu,^ sakhtiyan,
See Lascivious, lustful.LecherLJ bayya^jild.
Leathern, jJj*-^ minjild.
Leave, j^-l ij&zat, ^S\ izn. Leave
to depart, &*as*-j rukhsat,
dastur. See Permission, allow
ance.To ask leave, xj\&-\
talab ijazat, ,.^_Oi_^.i^
dastur.
To take leave,
wadda^. See Farewell.To give
ouslytt_i*jj^^> Jj likolshahwat
wa fok.
Lechery, lecherousness, i*fi shahteat. See Lewdness, lasciviousness.
Lection, il^Ji AMVW*. See Eeading.
Lecture, *. *~ ;tU^ khit&b. A public
lecture, *lc(_;lk=i-MzWi tarn. To
lecture, (j-uj J darras. A lecturer,
leave, Jjlsj-^^-nc! oiia' ijatat.

See Permit.
Leave, e. tly <ra*, jf" hty'ar
See Desert, forsake, relinquish
To bequeath or leave at death
Led (part, of lead). jUu* munk&d.
Ledger, . ^lio daftar, j~l

daftar al kablr. See Accountbook.
i_^JS. wahab, ê^j teassa\ To Led-horse, . cl/Jj yarfai.
leave out (omit), Jj^ ahmal Leech, . <Lilf. ââiai (plur. ^
To leave a remainder of ani Leek, . tU^ fsurrds.
LEG
669
LEG
Leer, *. ijjj sawra. To leer, jjj Legend (inscription),

ras, jj
rakam; (memorial, relation),iOlxzatcar.
[Dregs.
Lees, J^" tahl, J^c. âkar. See
hikdyat. See History, chronicle.
Leeward, ^C\\^^.s^ taht a-rrlh.
An incredihle legend, >\.
Left ( part, of leave), tLj f^ malruk,
^JJu^J'^l hikuyat Id tutasaddak.
Jb lakl.
Legged, jL-AJ foAo d* To sit
Left (not right), jUwj yasar, JU-i>
cross-legged,
jjA-x-t kaâd
ihimal. To the left,
J tarabba^.
tarbl^,
'/' athshimal. The left wing of Legible,
ij yunkarl,
an jinny, L* maysarat To
mukra'.
the right and left,
Legion, s.
i farik,
jund
maymanat tea maysarat. Leftqjn&cT),
(plur.
tabur
handed,
Leg, . jL *d/t. Calf of the leg, Legislation,
wada^ al
bat assuk.
V? i wazaw
kanun,
Legacy, . <iLej wasiyat. Legacies,
, a-ml,:-..
<L,j tarakat (pi. culî tarakat).
Legal, j-\\(J3\f* mutoafik ash-
*-^
^
Legislative, (jase^
yukhus ashsharayi^,
. See Lawful.
Legality, isi sahhat. See Lawful Legislator, *. t jLi
ness.
>: al kanun, *_j'
.,:.
Legalize, v. ^jCîJiJ^ tamalaho
See
xl/di--.t, (Jl*- hallal.
Lawgiver. Legislature,
^.ilyiJI kuwat wad^ ashsharayi^.
Legally, \&j*> sha/rân, $&=*. haldlan,
luhthanât, JULb i*7 Legitimacy,
Legitimate, JiU>-jJj uâforf Aa/aJ.
Legatary, . legatee (one who re
To legitimate, JL^jJja_L*c
ceives a legacy), <J ^y* muwassa'
lamalaho walad haldl. Legitilaho.
[Testator.
macy, <J^- hak,
sahhat.
Legator, . ^fy muwassl. See
Legitimation, JiU- f, , :. ) \ J^ r
H V
Legate, legation. See Delegate, etc.
Carnal ibnaho halal.
LEN
670
LES
Legume, iôi. khudrat.

ing), yjiL* mttlayyin. A lenient,
Leisure, Lay fursat, c^j toakt,
lenitive, c^1- mulayyin.
LJiljj rawakat, SjLii fadawat. Lenify, . ^^Xl layyan. See Miti
Leisurely, at leisure, leisurably,
gate, assuage.
Lil^jiJs.j it'AoZ ruwnknt.
Lent (/>ar<. of lend), J\M mttf&r,
Lemon, . ^y^ laymun. Lemon
uajjJLî makrud; (a time of

abstinence), j~& l*ê aw <rf
juice, ^^4-lllL* ma al laymun.

Lemonade, 'jli^*J laymun&dd.
Lend, v. (money), <jOj-3 karad; Lentil, *.
(goods), j it tr. To lend with Leo (sign) JuJ!_.^J iwr; a? ?.
See Constellation, lion.
out interest, i_g.Li tallaf.
Leonine, ,_Juj! asadl.
Lender, s. ,j-J>X* mudayyin,
Leopard, *, li^s fahd.
mukrid, j+xs* muîr.
Length, J^-b tul. The length Leper. . (_/S;jl abras.
of the neck, ^^xnlljjb <u^ aZ Leprosy, ^>ji laras.
ûnk.
Length of time, ii\* Leprous, ^fj^ abrM. See Leper.
muddat, jljc^.l imtidad. See Less, ,jS'1 aHffl/. More or less,
Duration.Length and breadth,

Jj!,î! dk&ar am akkal. Less
^jOjZ* (J A? tultva iord. In length
(in a lower or smaller degree),
j**e\ asgJutr.
and breadth, **iui^j **Sl?i </<zw wo
Cardan. Extended in length, Lessee, . (one who takes a lease of a
farm), ^jj*z*+ mmtakrl.
Jjlli^ mutaunoal, ^*o tawil.
According to the length, k_-vyu=>- Lessen, v. J\j kallal. See Dimmish,
degrade.
hasab attfd. At length,
At Lesson, . (admonition),
naslhat, &? .'." tanlih,
length, fl(?F. lî-1 akhlran.
e.aza^. A scholar's lesson,
Lengthen, . (make long),
taivwal. See Extend, protract.
. To receive a lesson,
(to grow long), Jjjl^Ls *ar tawll.
as dors. To lesson
Lengthwise, i'.L-/H/rf,J^LHj /////.
w give a lesson, ^j<^ darrat,
Lenient, lenitive (mitigating, soften
Joci aita' dart.
LET
671
Lessor, *. (one who gives the lease

of a farm), ^^~* mukrl.
Lest, LI liallu, IS kayla.
Let, v. (allow) ijU-l^^l a^ta'
ijdzat, lUoi^^kc! atta' rakfoat,
t_JL^ khalla'. See Permit, suffer.
(to hinder), j-^ manai. See
Oppose, obstruct, forbear.To
let, or let out for hire, ^j^ kara',
j^-\ ajar. To let blood, v.a.
^ -- fasad, -c.it. -v -" '"'
LET
Letter by letter,
harfin bi harf. A letter (epistle),
<_>yjL. maktub, .JL.M risdlat.
Friendly letter, <sJLs-*(__yLJL
HI ul;tab muhabbat. Royal or im
perial letters, letters patent,
^l*-) farmdn. Letters super
scribed by the king's own hand,
i_ttjJtlacfc. Ma< tharlf. Conso
infasad. To let in, ,Ji- J dakhkhal.
latory letters, ^LtJhr<tJLJL

zJ tadiyat. Congratulatory
letters, U^Jk_-~y'LC Mi'kfitib
See Admit.To let out (allow

to go out), ^}Js~'ij\-=r\^Ja.\
tahniyat. Letter of attestation,

notorial letter, j'jl^lt_)j". C +
a^ta' ijdzat lil khuruj. To let off

a gun, iJjÛlâJJ l.-ninr/ia al
maktub thahddat. Submissive or

supplicatory letter, SJ'_y--^*
barudi. See Discharge, gun.

To let slip an opportunity, dJ^li
l*U-j^>! maktab ittirham. Letter

of apology, j\ Jcxluj^C* maktub
iitizdr. Letters of recommend
fawwat al fursah. Let,

mukrl. See Hired.
Lethargic, (JL->~J tubdti,
ghashydn. Lethargy, c
*w/>i7/. CjL*Jly^* marad assubdt.
Letter, . (of the alphabet), <_j>^^(plur. i__>jj*~ huruf). The
ation or intercession, i_-~.jl^-

tu^j' mukdttb tatciiyat. Threat
ening letter, .v Jv^J w_->y^-C maktub
tahdld. A letter or bill of eichange, <L_s*^_i polista, illâ-
letters of the alphabet, i_>)f>L-sr1! huruf al haja ; (written

character), *J>j rakam (plur. *yî
hawdlat.
See Exchange. A
letter-carrier, (_jjiL*Jl JiilJ
nai7 al maktub. See Carrier.
Sending letters to one another,
,v-Uy murdialat, ^'L.C mu-
riu). To repeat the letters of

the alphabet, .sr1 tahajjtf.
kdtabat. A letter sent by a

pigeon, itLilliJ balukat. To write
672
LEV
LIA
letters, (..^..jlL*^^ katab mu-
mukdrattat ; (proportion),
kuttb. To break the seal of a

letter, to burst it open, *s^. (JJo
v-Vi.(jJ fni';. khatm al maktiib.
mundsabat, iLJLi^yi muwufakat, ,_jil*-J tasdwl, ^L'Ux^

mutabakat.
The level of a gun,
The forms of letter writing, a

k-J^hlûLJ nlshdn attawb.
collection of letters, LiJl iruhd. Levelled, ^r*""* musattah.
r"
The cover of a letter,
Leveller, . ^n'"">
musattih.
?T.
lifufat, i__sl** muakallaf.
Levelness, t\t\M*v
muitiwdt, . Letter, v. (stamp with letters),
Miwd, a_j^û_J taswiyat. See
ijjya^^Ll.J teada^ nuhun bi
Equality, evenness.
v*
huruf, i_^ rs^^-le icillam bi Lever, .

atlat.
arnab saghlr.
Leveret,
.
-j
hurttf.
[See Learned.
Lettered,
_-~-L> tahib -il/ii. Levite, a. levitical,
Levity, <Ui- khiffat. Levity of be
Lettuce,
khas.
Levant,
haviour, <L_a_~ khiffat, <

attakallul. See
Inconstancy.
Levy, - . (troops), .v ....r.,.i 2am
al mashrak,
Wterf ashshurk.
Level, adj. J3"^* mwattah,

baslt. See Even, flatTo level,
sattah, Llo 4(Wa<.
To be
To levy (collect) tribute

2am mal
or taxes,
level, ^^"""jLj ar mtuattah.

To level ground, ^0^1! J^> tahhal Lexicographer, 8.
al ard. To level or take aim,
musannif kumus.
level a cannon,
nayshan al madji'.,
harrar attawb.
Lexicography,
A lexicon,
- alloghat, 0
.U kamus.
,-'/?
tarjaman,
Level, *. (plain),
mldtin, Liable (not exempt),
^^ *aW. See Plain. Level
(rate, standard), ^Lc %iy&r, ^jj
ii. See Obnoxious.
wazn; (equality of rank, etc.),
Liable to indisposition,
673
LIB
mubtali fl marad.
Liable
to error or mistake,
LIC
Liberty, aj^*. hurriyat.
See Free
dom. (exemption), iL_sl__

OTia/dA. See Privilege, im
tuht nl ghalat.
Liar, s. <_>jli kazib, <_! j kazzab
(fern. <Lj JL kazibai). To prove

one a liar, <_>jo kaziab.
See
Give the lie.

Libel, . s^t-jli^ ArtuJ â;u. See
munity.(relaxation of restraint)
Mat; (leave), ijL^l
<K>-; rukhtat. See Per
mission.To set at liberty, ^jJJal
<&, uA^~ khallas.
See Free.
Satire, defamation ; accusation, Libidinous, ij^-i shahwuni. See

charge.To libel. See Satirise,
Lascivious,lustful.Libidinously,
defame.A libeller. See Satirist.
Libellous. See Defamatory.
washahwat. See Lasciviously.
*J
"yCJ
'"
'^
'
'"''''"'
/'''''"
Liberal (munificent),
sakhl, Libra,
iwr;
*j.i karlm. Of liberal extraction,
See Constellation.
sharlf,
karlm Librarian, . i--<si cUj bayyat. kutb.
al âsr. Liberal (polite) ~+*\+ Library, -.. &*~& kulbiyat,
<_>jl ,//(/A r/(A;/;.
maktabat.
Liberality, *^ karam, Isr1 sakha, Libration,
sakhawat, J^>- /firf.
See
Generosity.
Liberally, A
wakaram,
Lice (plur. of louse), J_j %aml. See

Louse.
likoljudin License, Sj\ r>- jas&rat,

sakha-
wat.
Libertine, . (dissolute), t_j|i zanz,
î-U fajir,jnu muâttar, J>~>lJ
fdiik.
muâdalat.
See Licentious. (irre
ijtircL. See Liberty, licentious

ness.(permission), ijlsj-' yasat,
A.aS-j rukhsat, ^jl tzw. See
Liberty.To license (permit),
ijl^l Joe! a^ta' ijuzat.
Impious. Libertinism (dissolute

ness), }> shahwat, \> hawd ;
Licentious, \*_(-^ -- munhamik,

i^JU /dto, ^Li A^z. See
Insolent, presumptuous.
[teat.
(impiety), jS& kufr,
Licentiously, ijlLii Jw bikol shaM-
ligious),
munafik.
See
LIE
674
LIF
Licentiousness, ijLJLi ihakawat,

L~O*JLC ûdtim dabt.
To lie hid,
,".S-1 ikhtafa'.
To lie in prison, ^..k b Juo kaâd
Lick, v. (with the tongue), j_^k.

lahas, (Jxl Ititttk ; (to heat),
tJj-o darab. To lick up, \J
bil habi. To lie down (take re

pose), *-\f~>\ ittar&h. To lie
bah-,, Jcul ibtala^. See Devour.

Lick or licking . (with the tongue),
darlat.
tf ; (a hlow),
Licked with the
under (to be subject to), ^^

ibtala'. To lie upon (become an
obligation or duty), (J-j\*
sar hak. To lie with (as man
with woman),
malhus; (beat), Lieutenant, . *\_LjLJ kayim

makam, L_--OU nayib, (J-ij wakll
Mndrub.
Anything
(plur. Kj toukala) ; in the army,
licked (or that may be licked),
tongue,
yHjsr* malhus. A. licker,

lilhis; (beater), tJj\*> darib.
/jL* iiii'luzinl.
Lieutenancy, lieutenantship, aJLj

niyabat, JLlL^j tvakdlat.
Lickerish (nice in eating),

nafls, AIJ& iharih. See Delicate, Life, jf {timr, i'L- haydt. The
present life (this world), JUlUjjb
squeamish, greedy, gluttonous.
Lickerishness, i _i tharah, L^>
al ûlam. The life to come,
tharahat.
\_assus.
i al hayat al latidah.
Licorice, (J>MJ~> u*, ^^Jl^^c %irk
A long life, J^^r?
Lid, *. (of a vessel), Iki ghata. See

Cover.The eye-lid, (.^>- jafn
To expose one's life,

khdtar bi haydtihi.
(plur. Û^-l ajfan). The hair Lifeless (inanimate), (^^^^s^-iiJ^
of the eye-lids, ^.yLsllyti *Aa^r
malaho has, cL/^sUi^c ghayr
aljafn.
Lie, . c_5 j^ foii. To give the lie,
t_jj^ fozzai. To lie or tell a lie,
>> Jo
Lie, . (recline),
JJL4J tamaddad.
mutaharrik, JîU- j&mid. See

Dead.(without power or force),
ijfj <J \,i malaho kutcat. Lifelessly,
iL-->i^ min ghayr haydh.
attaka', Lifetime, -*j51iiju muddat al-,wnr.

See Lean, rest. Lift, p. lift up,
LIG
nasab.
675
LIG
Sec Elevate, raise, exalt.
nezcl min âla' al

histin. To light (as a bird on a tree,
To lift up one's voice,

^nllit' laietaho.
etc.), Hj^\ iJ^Jp neul âla'
Lifted, lifted up, *,

Lifted up with pride, j^^ mutakubbir, j)j** maghrur. See
asiajara. To light or fall upon

by chance, ô. nini(l,%itivti/c<i-,,
fJJLi\ attafak.
[mcuhûl.
Arrogant.A lifter,
Lighted (as fire, &c.),

Ligament, s. 1X0 kayd. See Bond, Lighten, v. (flash with thunder),
chain.
jjj^J biirak; to shine like light
Ligation, ligature, ..,.r.J da^wat,
ning, jf^j lardk ; (to illuminate),
tejL^ mundsaât. See Ligament.
nawwwr ; (to exhilarate),

tf# bahaj al khutir.
Light (by which we see), jjj nur,

L*j diya. The dawning light, Light-footed,
sarl^ al
j-s? fajir. See Dawn. The
mashil.
ruddy light of the evening cre- Light-headed,
mathûr.
puscle, (JJL* shafak. To bring to Light-hearted, ^
light,
masrur.
See Cheerful, gay,
wujud. To come to light, jb
merry.
Jys-^ll ieh#r HI wujttd. Light Light-house, i. $j\~i manarat (plur.
manayir),
anus.
(instruction), L_Ô Jb tadlb, *-l*J'
tadlm, t~s->JJ tarliyat.
See Lightly (without weight),
Knowledge.
khaflfan;
(without cause), >_ "^ 47d
Light (lucid), jj~% munwir. See

Clear, bright.Light (not heavy),
aiai, L--^*-^^ ii7d mtt/'ti ;
>_g.g<- khaflf. Light-minded,

unsteady, (jijU tdyiih. See In
(not chastely), iÛLib lilutaharat;

(without steadiness), jUiL bila
constant, trifling.
kardr.
khaflf
Light, v. (set on fire), J*i thaâl. Light-minded,
\Jchiffat.
See Inflame, kindle. To light
al
See Light.
Lightness (want of weight),
'from a horse or carriage),
LIK
676
LIM
Lightning, jj^ lark. Lightning Liken, v. See Compare, represent.

darting along in the form of a Likeness, 'ijyo surat, J-i-*J tamsll,
A~i A'/i/iM, i*-~i.J' tashllh, HQ\H*+
chain, iUuL) silnilnt.
muhalihat. See Similitude, ap
Lights, *. oljj fawdA (plur.
pearance, form.
afyidaf). See Lungs.
Likewise, I n ;J aydan,
Lightsome (exhilarating), ^
kazalik. See Like manner.
farhan, ^^* mufrih. See Gay,
cheerful ; (not dark), jy^+ mun- Liking (approbation),
utihsan, ^ûacT1 tahsln. See In
wir See Luminous.
Like, adj. ^J* misl, J-i** masil,
clination.
mmc&flk, <_jUa* mutdlik, Lily, . 0t--~.- ua,
mushdbih, J J\jt muâdil. Limb, s. yas. âdu (plur.
See Equal, resembling, likely.
Disabled in the limbs, î
ti/fitfii- al-.<i<tti . A limb (edge,
To be like, <ijLi> shdbah. See
Eesemble.
[resemblance.
Like. See Likeness, similitude,
border), k_^Jls>- jdntb,
Like, adv. jji* mill, Ji* kamisl. Limbeck, JUfJl tin!,//.-. See Still.
Like the first, Jjil Jcillawwal. Lime, (j*Ai fo'fo. Lime or bird
Like a bird in a cage, , .hi\S
lime, ( J rf5A. Lime (a sort of
(^îkasll^j itaWzr fll kafas. Like
lemon), ^^J layman. To lime.
writing on the water (leaving no
See Cement, plaster. To ensnare
with birdlime, - *\-" *>
trace behind), UMîcJL-ft-;^
Jcannahh âla' al ma. In like
^ .\!b mesek âsajlr bildibk.
manner, U^ kama, k_s: jo kazalik. Lime-tree, *. ^)fj>_j taytafan.
Like, v. Â-rû' ittahsan. See Limit, Jo- /,.///;/. See Bounds,
Approve, choose, love.
Likelihood, JU^s-1 ihtimal.
See
Probability, appearance.
Likely (probable), Jîs-* muhtamal ; (probably), J-JL*U
border.To limit, OJo- haddad.

Limitation, J^-Xs" tahdid, Ju>hat/il. Limited, Jj,Vs'* mahdud,
JA__TT-* muhaddad,
mutahaddad.
Limpid, .jUs */z.
LIN
677
Linden-tree, s. ^jijJj tayzafun.

Line, *. lai- khatt (plur.
khutut),Ja~> satr ; (a small cord),
J ;.-.-'- /zW.
The line, the
LIN
line of battle, tio *>;/' (plur.
<_jy^> </u/). See Battalia.
A family line, lineage, J .->u-.i
was/, i_ ...,.' nasab, <d*uLj silsilah,
J-el a*/; (railway), JoJ>k.lk^

equator, î^ki khatt alistiwa.
/////
a/ /;.<!/./.
The equinoctial line,
khatt muttadil. A right line, Line, r. (a garment),
lattan.
*Jbu*~ki- likatt muitalclm. A
Lined, I;jl2.w mubattan. To line
with fortification,
hassan,
parallel line, ^jj\^^^ khatt
c carnal mataris.
mutawazi. A curved line, W_-^//-,"// munhanl. A crooked Lineal, linear (composed of lines),
line, jjjuki. khatt muâwwaj.
A circular line, j Jc*wuL*kri- khatt
mwstadir. A perpendicular line,
ijfcfJari- khatt -.I'm in/. A diameter
line, \_jiJki. khatt istiwa, Jbs
katr. Radial lines, radii, tyki.
<U^lxi khutut sha^&îyat. Any
i musattar.
Lineal (genealogical), lê\ asll,
^-i-*J nwfi.Lineaily (in a
direct line), ^ __-,^._._._
likhattin musfaklm.
Lineament, ^j^Lil aiarlr.

See
Feature.
Linen,
^W kuttan, y_ --? kinnib.
line or mark in writing which
See Cloth, flax.A linen cloth
points to an interlineation or
wrapped round the middle when
error, Ik^lki. khatt al khatd.
bathing,
,L.4>kJaLjjj /uâ< al
The foundation lines of a house
hammam.
(marked on the ground),
ratm. Lines on the palm of the Lingot, . A_i..,__i
hand, ^ gar, jJj\~>\ asarlr. A
(__^.;Lo labdyik').
fishing line, jL* sinnara. A Linguist, .
line of a book.^k^ satr. Aline,
Terse, or hemistich, c \ -q_^ Liniment, j*^.^. marham,
murd^. A line, lines (military
rfAu. See Balsam, ointment.
trenches), ^-Jjl^ matSrls. A Lining (of a garment, etc.),
678
MS
Up,. *. <5_Li a// iI/it t (plur. ilii

iti&inat/. Having lining,
mu&attan.
shifaji). The lip or edge of any
iink,. &. (of a chain),. jJi
thing, .j /itf.
See Brim.
halafiat jatuar. The links or
Full to the lip>UjL5llul maldn.
rh.es of a coat of mail, i'j . ;
ila' twnmah.
(ia torch), J _*_.!_. Liquefaction, i^^_|jiXJf taztrili,
^r<*r* tMslah. A luik-
J-W1 iJoAM
Liquefiable, L_>jJii.; yutadawwal.
boy, Lyqr*~'"* mashâftt.

Ijiink,. ; (concatenate), jjii-J^ Liquefy, v. (>jJ datcieab ; (to be
come liquid), t_>! J <?<!}.
Carnal jansSr. See Connect, join,
unite.
[oZ AMu. Liquescent, (-_.* Jj yadub,
-Linseed (.liatseu'i), ^li^JUjj War Liquid, _.''.. widyfc., i__-oiJ dtiyib.
./. (for firing cannon),
To render liquid, <_>jJ datotcab.
*zj fatilat,
See Liquefy.
leinnih See Flax. Liquid, . jjt muyi^. See Liquor.
Eefose of lint,
Liquidate, v. (pay debts), Jwsj
t.''-?lil...H rasad al hisabat.
mueh&kat al kinnib,
Liquor, L d, -jb mayie.. See
Lintel, g. (over a dooi),. la
Water.:To macerate, soak, or
âtalatfatolainiyat.
I. ion, . Ju:' r-'./, i-.,^ ai^.. Liondissolve anything in liquor, - >
like, j_-*JI Ji^ raw/ awoic. The
lion of the faith, ^jjjJliXJ wa(?
nakai, J*. hal; (strong drink,

spirituous liquors), i_>1 -i sharab,
The lion of the state,

asad addawlat. The Liquorice, ^JM^ site..
lion, of God, <dllju:! asad attah. Lisp, v. CjJ ladagh.
(These are often, conferred, as List, . (catalogue)
cUjU kHymat, jii J daftar ; (en.tLbles- of honour).. The lion's
nose (bwoi stars, so. called),
jtacUi..*! <wf al atad.
,. *. a^J, labteai (plur.. tul^J
closed grounda for combats- <wtilts), Îj-^ mtdun (pL ôU-*

mayOdin) ;. (border of cloth),.jli
Ttann /. ....u.iLa- hilsHiyat/.
679
LIT
Border ; ako strip ; desire, choice
willingness. To list. See En
list ; desire, choose ; enclose.
Listen, v. -.^_o teme^, T+ "
istama^, j_*o tasamma^.
Hear.
Listener, *. ^cuu^ mustami^,
Listening, s.
isttmai,
See
Listening, part. -_4".-.-.i

'c..
^
Listless, JjU #/<//
LIV
Litigate, .
naza-., *-
ddâ',
khasain,
Litigation,
rfatwd,<t
ikhtisam,
kndiyat, c
- khusfimat, <L>
l_ murftfa<,at{
See
Lawsuit.
Litigious, f
, t_--s-L>
c y uthib nizfi -. . SceQuarryl.-ome.
Litter (carried by meii), i^_ils-
lindaho fark, liiijjl JJj

a i^tina, Jx>^ muhmil. See
muliftjfat, Ji/ksr* mahmal; (canictl

by camels or elephants), Ji
Careless.Listlessly,
hawdaj.
. Listlessness, Jlj| Little (in quality), J_J^> *fi^;
(small), j-jLs saglilr. To be or
become little, JJ
<Tr sagMr.
Literal,
aalr. The literal meaning,

_,ix< mtitfia' laghawl. Liter Little, . (small part), ,_c.Js- /
ally, ^_/=<<;i_Jy>- harfin bi harf,
(a small space of time),
L^p- barflyan.
[men.
dakllcat, <di>. lahzat. See Moment.
Literati, Ulc i-ulamd. See Learned Littleness, jt^ sfffhar. See SmallLiterature, c_>jl't A^. ^Hm al arlab,
ness, meanness.
ma^rifat. See Learning.
Liturgy, *.
taks.
Litharge (of gold or silver), Ll
Live, v. (to be alive), îL tds/*.
martak, LlXi-.-!^* mardasank.
To live in a place, (.î takan.
Litigant, *. (one engaged in a law
See Dwell.To live well (volup
suit) *^:i. khasm, ^\ .X* muducl,
V^
tuously), vcj tanaâm. To live

or eohahit with, ^^L âsh
ma-,.
, fj^
Livelihood,
rhl, U.* w(TA.
Litigant, liti-
680
LOA
LOG
Liveliness, .la.HkliJ nathat at- Loaded, J^s^ muhammal, J-lhdmil.

tabfr >j\j>- hararat. See Vivacity,
sprightliness.
[lasting. Loader, . (J^s"* muhammil.
Livelong. See Tedious, durable, Loadstone, . ^-^-L- '<;.. maghnatl.
See Magnet.
Lively, LliJ Jj bikol nashat. See
Brisk, cheerful.
Loaf, g.J-o- t_a.,n raghlfkhubt. See
Liver, *. (one who lives), u^\z
Bread.Sugar-loaf, ^jLji_^JL
1;i'ilHi sukkar.
idyish. The liver, Jusfo'W, îl*^
mu-Jdk.
Livery. See Badge.
Lives (plur. of life), j\\ a^mdr.
Livid, ^f>\kdbl, &kalih. Lividity,
lividness, : .Li kabawat.
Loan, s. (of goods), ? ,\-~ -ii/arat ;

(of money), ^Ji kard, ^J rfayn.
Loath, adj. See Unwilling.
Loathe, . âa baahad, xji kereh.
Lizard,* ^âi -)jl aba burays, ti*.
Loathsomeness, iyu nafrat, &?&\f

karahiyat.
Loaves, J-î-iLfti^l arghifat khubt.
See Hate, detest.

Living (alive), ^- hay. Ever living, Loathful, x<>* makruh. See Hate
<ZJy*jfi^>- hay la. yamut.
ful, detestable.
Loathing,
s. 4_*_b| L karahiyat,
Lixivial, Jh.<\ljLjU ma ramad
jl.Xij\ istikrah.
[Detestable.
lil ghasll; (to wash with), <Uslcy
biighada, jl^. ramad. See Lye. Loathsome, ^.^.C. makruh. See
(j.*4.1*.11 hayyat aihshams.
Lo ! ' j >l> hdhwaza. See Behold.
Load, . L^~ Aa/n?. See Burden. Lobby, . tU-JLi saklfat.

A court-yard in inns, etc., where Lobe (of the liver, etc.), <LU:j
ritamat.
they load and unload beasts of
burthen, ^b*- khan. A bearer Lobster, . .j^s^ÛiaL* saltaân
bahrl, _\-. J karkand.
of loads, (Jb- hamrl, Jl/i^hammal. To lay down a load, Local, ,_;'-. :i',-.'.::,>/, , e!-^'* mahattl.
Locality, .jl_L< iiKii.i'ni, [L*
jj^k.) Jj> nazzal al haml.
makam, ^,---''> mahal, -_~^_
Load, v. îo~ hammal. To load a
cannon,
mat/fa-..
_..-..*.! .__
''"/
a/
mawda^.
Locally, ÛUL' i>7 maknn.
LOD
081
LON
Location. See Placing, situation.

Loft, iU? tabakat. See Floor.
A cock-loft, LjljiyllajLlj tabakat
Lock, *. (of a door, etc.), Jii kttfl.
Locks, J\J\ akfal.
al fatckuniyat.
Locksmith, g. ^^xi-j sanknrl.
Loftily (haughtily), ,-ii) bitakabbur,
kabriya, <uli= J$o
Lock, v. JjiJi kafal. See Shut up,
See Proudly.
confine ; unite, join.
Locked, (JjuL mukaffal,
(on high), ^!le^lx*j Jt /<>//'
mmikafil.
tfi/I. See Sublimely.
Locomotion, ^r^ harakat,
Loftiness (haughtiness),Ixj<a^flJir.
t_^JI(_ÛJl al a1 11,-,(--ill annari al
See Pride.(height),
barrz.
Locust, s. tJ\jS^ jaradat.
Lofty (haughty ),^Jc*
Lodge, v. (afford one a temporary
maghrur. See Proud.
dwelling),
(high), JU taft.
Loggerhead,
*. li)^^' haywan,
nazzlaho
fl baytihi; (to reside), (j~t sakan.
(jyu-J fays, .1^- At'jdr.
See
See Dwell.To lodge at an inn,
Blockhead, dunce.
jj nezel fit lokanda. Logic, (j&>* mantik,
To lodge with any person, O
_ sakan mat.
Lodge, ,-. c^->--' "'/''. See House.
(a small house), j-"-f"'- -'
iy< saghlr. See Hut.Lodged,
*.JL* '"/: i HI, . .; L: sakin.
Lodgment (accumulation or colloca
tion), j-^-yam^; (possession of

an enemy's work),
j_*!l (/../I/ maturii al
Lodger, . - - muklm,
musaflr, JjJJ zz
Lodging, *. Jji^ mamal,
*7M aZ mantik. Logical,

mantakl, jp_ki^ll*l_*Jfc
mamub laîlm al mantik.
logician, (jbî *!-
mantik, .jilai^
Loin, *. loins, i_.J-i5
Loiter, . J-.-UL; takusal,
A.
See
Linger, to he idle.
Loiterer, s. J-jL&L* mutakusil,
JL^ kaslan. See Idler.
Loitering, Jll *Ama;, J*^ kasal.
See Lingering.
Lone, lonesome, lonely,
68S
LOU
LOO
munfnrid. See Alone, solitary, Look, <\ AaJ nazar ; (to be circum
spect, vigilant), <Jl^l J ddr balaJw.
single. Loneliness, loneness,
ijlii- khaltcat. See Solitude.
To look for (expect),jazj\ intazar.
Long (not short), Jjjls tawll. Long
To look into, i^s^ tafahhas.
and broad, j^sj^^Lj.!? tawll
See Examine.To look on (re
spect, regard), jfii.\ isobar. See
tca-.arld. Alongtime, #JL>JW*.X*
muddat madldat.
To be or be
come long, JjL <>. To make

long, JJJa tawical, Jj^xdf
tamalaho tawll. Long ago, ^j**
. J..','-,: ,v . mm mitddai tawllat.
Esteem.(to be a spectator), ^\j

raa' AiLl shukad. To look out
(seek, search), (_^J fattash ; (to
behold), ^SiJ nasar. To look
through half-shut eyes, iak. /aAaz,

A long way off, A-*J lagd. See
tallat. bi taraf
Distant.
Look! Jai! *w.
iMiik.
See
Long, D. J LiLook, jli^ M2/-. See Sight.
[Boat.
Desire, wish foi.
(appearance), fj wa/'A, J^y>
Long-boat, v. (._>_ Mril. See
surat, ^ '- - manzar.
See
Longevity.
Countenance.
Looker, looker on, . Îjli wasiV.
Longimanus (long-handed),
tjOy \ tawll al ayiidl.
Longing, *. &~.j rughbat,
sfintok, ^vU'wll inhliyuk.
Sec Spectator.
Looking-glass, . J!-* mirat.
Loom, *. (for a lady), ^*x'* tnansaj,
See
Desire.Longingly,
(for a weaver), Jy ia?/.

Loose, f. (untie), iJjCi /ai, Jj>-
Longitude, J^ls <M^. A degree of

longitude, Jjii^tl^-^J darajat
altul.
[clemency.
Long-sufl'ering. See Patient ; a?*o
Longways, longwise, SJs <uZa,
Jîb 4t.t/.
[Clown.
I.ooby, Juij ^/Li/, LJ /-aid. See
A?, (to disengage, set free),

khallat. To loose a knot,
i\xii*!l fial al ûld-at. To loose
the belly, J.:J ashal.
See
Undci looseness.To loose a
belt, <_Ls /X-. To loose and
tie, la-> , . ,\y- hal ten rabai.
LOP
683
SLoose (unbound, untied),

mahlv.1; (relaxed),
tarkhl; (hanging down),
muiolldk; (indeterminate),
J^-JK ghayr mu-.ayyam, L>.
ghayr mahdud. See Vagne.
LOS
Lop, lopping, . <L*-L ha>'': !<..

A lopper, _'>~o kaseah.
Loquacious,
kalurm. Loquacity, /
kaswat al kaldm.
Lord, . (English tifleX Jjj!

(as general qualification),
Loosely (not fast), Jj^-^J Urakhagayyid, 1y* or ,^Jy* mawld. My
wat ; (without bondage),
lord, ^Juj-jlj ya sayyadi. My
bild ribdt ; (irregularly),
Lard (to -God, etc.), ^^
bild tartlb, .'.liJ !u lila, nitdm ;
roJJ ; (or My Lord and God), .
Loosed, JjJjr* mahlal.
(carelessly), J-^jJ^J bikoltahdmul. See Negligently.(meanly),
l_^' y rabli v>a ilhhl. See

Sovereign, governor, ruler, master,
noble.
[neer, govern, rule.
sew loosely, Jî dial.

[part. Lord, v. JU- hakam. See DomiLoosen, . ,J*. hal. See Loose, relax, Lose, v. (opposed to find), _.w
dayya^; (opposed to gain), û*^.
Looseness (unfixedness),
kheter. To lose one's labour,
-.ailaiK / kardr, (flabbiness,
C i.r.<LjO^->.p i'<it/>/1 '-. taâbaho
laxity), ijLri-j rakMwat; (ir
regularity), J_r
a/ tarI'll*. *Uo_xJ1.*JLB
annizum; (want of chastity), /
To lose the way, ^^

W /////. See "Wander.To lose
hope,
attahdrat,
shahwat. See Dissoluteness.(a Loser, i.
khasrun.
diarrhoea),
kataârrajd
mudayyi^,
Loss, ljasj
To have a looseness,
darar, ij
khasartil,
imahal. See Flux.To giv 8
khusran. See
Deprivation, destruction, miss.
looseness, ^'---' ashal.
To be at a loss, Û- har.
Lop, . (trees), ^ls^^ ^ *fl*aA Z
ashj&r, >__-- /."/-. See Cut.
Lost, J.LL . mafkud, _;L
LOV
684
.ôlc ghayib. To be lost, Û
LOW
Loved,
i
mahbub ; also a beloved object, a
dat.
mistress.
Lot, *. t_ -n-j?J wml, <UJ kismat,
ttsM; (beauty),
. hissah or hissat ; (dice), Loveliness,
Awrc.fl. See Luck, fortune,
larafat. See Gracefulness.
portion.To cast or draw lots,
Lovely, J^-*^T ja.mll, ti?V?i /<!/.
rama' kwâh.
Lover, *. /ii^ f.d*^ji (plur. Jbl
Lote (tree), jydoa- handakul. The
Egyptian lote tree, ^/^s^jjy îr>. A lover and his beloved,
handakak misrl.
[Washing.
idshik wa ma^Lotion, i_" it I*.*. "' tashtif. See
shftk, ^^s^j^^-^-f^- habib
Lottery, . <u^Ji htrâh, u-.\;-fi'V.
wa mahbub.
Loving, part. J^-^c âshik, i-*^
Loud, ijy Aaicz. See Noisy, cla
muhib. See Friendly.
morous, turbulent.A loud -wind.
Loving-kindness, <Uj>-^ marhamat,
i_i^lslys Aawa ta/. See Wind.
^fiAA shafakat, A^s." muhabbat.
A loud voice,
See Mercy, tenderness.
Love, J^c jwM.
The love of
one's country, (jlo^li..^*

To be in love, J
csAJl-. See Like, esteem, value.
Distractedly in love, ^jis^JLi
ik maftun. To make love,
, ;*.'- (.esJiek. For the love of
^t_
God,
hiibatan illah. A love
letter, Jî.
banadura
Love-apple
sTJ^latrjlj ladinjan franjl
Lovingly, iLls-^J^J bikol muhabbat,

it MUin wa JMMLouse, *. iLJi kamlat.
A wall or
paper louse, <*Ju bakkat,

Lousiness, J--Ai takmll.
Lousy, J^JU mukammil.
; (mean,
Low (not high), ^
abject), jJ&- haklr,
,Jj daril. See Dishonourable,
depressed, humble.(deep), JUfr
LOY
LUD
Low, v. ^Jsj wattl. See Lower.
Lubricate, v. ^J^* mardan, ,.Jik>

Lower (comparative of low), .Jjjl
tin /in H. See Smooth, make slip
pery,
atcta', ,JA>! asfal. See Inferior.
' The lower part of anything, Lucid, lucent, ^~ munlr, ^S
lamii. See Bright, light, glit
(3^1 adna'. Lowest, lowermost,
tering, transparent.
^(:o l JoLJ asfal mayakun.
Lowlily (without pride), _*Mcj
/"' >i'. a-full'-. ; (meanly), ^ c j - <
^^ bi nawiin haklr.
Lowliness (humility), ;-~;' -'' tawailx., fjutfi. khushuc.. See Submissiveness (meanness), Jj z*7;
(want of dignity), <Lii_e,Jic
<t ...j kmmat, JU? ///;.. Good

' wluck, luckiness, JUi^ */WdZ. Bad
luck, ijs? nahs. See Fortune,
chance, accident.0 what luck !
^-*^jLL^îtJlj yii laho min
t *flt
Luckily, JLjU^Juu^-Xj
bikol
xi' .</in tea ikbul. See Fortunately.

Lowly (humble), ê\f^ mutaLuckless,
^^*U ,,i 11,J, !'!-., <0l
tcddi^. See Submissive ; (mean),
k_.
^..aj
m&laho
natlb. See Un
-fcv hakir, ^yJ rfu, (JJ J ,-///.
Lowness (want of height), *JL
happy, unfortunate.
?Uj,l -.till,- in .'rlii'fi-. , (meanness), Lucky, Jjtxuî IH>'.!!: ml, k_.^>~L0
IJ\A~ hakurat. See Lowliness.

Low-spirited, i ^\t\\j^,.- maksur
al kalb, Ja\*s!\ i.*JL maksilr al
c_^.!k A>J/'V Inii litiilio tayyib. See

Fortunate.
Lucrative, LX^>< mufld, *_: ^
khatir. See Dejected.

Loyal, (j^ awl, ^jLc gdifiA;,
See Advantageous, profitable.
it. -ri* mutts,, t.'i-.^.t tmutaklm,
* .
Lucre, fJoli fdyidat, J.AJ /,
Loyalist, s. *J\Jwjj zfl taddkat.
^_ ^.uC^ maksab. See Gain.
Loyally, iuUb-il Jij MM istikamat,
Lucubrate, . (stndy in the night
.._;1A-.-jL' bikol tadakat.
time), iJr>^Vui*Vt) daras bil laytl.
Loyalty, AcUjI itaât, ^-1 - -1
ittikamat, -o'-^ sadakat. See Ludicrous, iî*"^ maskhara. Lu
Fidelity.
dicrously, J.s*"'*j;
LUN
Mara.
686
Ludicrousness,
tamaskhur, t_^*i li-J>.

Luggage, t-_?L~j! asbiib, *H=.
LUX
Lunation, *. (revolution of the

moon), ^*x-!' ,_' f'.- cr 7 kamar;
(month), îi AaAr.

Luncheon, *. (meal), \JkC(jlj tani
ghada ; (a piece), <ukji Icitât.
Lukewarm (moderately warm)^J'ls
f&tir, Jjcjt* mti^tadil. Luke Lungs, *. <U^1\ arriyah.
warm water, JiUL mil faiir ; Lupine, . jjja&bat.
Lukewarmly, jjl JcxU 4> i^tid&l;
Jiawfiyij.
See Baggage.
(coldly, indifferently), i'j.^j,J^j Lurk, . ..r^ takhabba'.

fti'yfo/ burudat ; (indifference), Luscious, !.=- Mfi, i__>ji czti.
See Sweet.
tfJi^j burudat, Sj*s. âdam
Lust,
- .^_ shahwat (plur. t_;'^_L
ghlrat.
thahirf' I] , \jH> Jiawa,
Luminary, s-jy nur, Lj ^lyu. See
Light. The greater and lesser Lustful, fj^j fasik, (JLJJ no/d!.
A lustful man, î' 1 aaJ.
luminaries (the sun and moon),
(jJj-i wfrln. The greater lumi
nary, j^*r^ -'-^ anwzr al a^zam.
See Sun.The lesser luminary,
jit,el\j*A\ annlr al asghar. See
Moon.
Lin-i i i inus, .y^ munteir, ^.* munlr,
^$ la in '.,,},} \ *_-- Li . . / ,^ annur.
See Bright> light, shining.
Lunacy, !jji tatfda, ^^>- junun.
See Madness.
Lunar, i_JyJ 0m0r,I.
Lustfully, ; .^~. JX.) it'M shahwat.

Lustily, i\j jXj iiôi kuwat. See
Vigorously.
[See Vigour.
Lustiness, lustihood, jfJ kuwafr.
Lustration (water for), ya^ toadu.
See Ablution.
Lustre (brightness), L^ '////'<. See
Splendor,
glitter. (renown),
-'-'^- âiamat, ...'.; kariimat.
L\isty, ^fjji a;i. See Vigorous.

Luxate, t;. (disjoint), j4->- khalat,
Cjjfak, * faiakh. See Dis
Lunated (like a crescent or halflocate, -rt- Luxiit ion, if*
moon), J)U'ij- misl al hal&L
Lunatic, ^^..sr* mafnun. See Mad.
MAB
MAC
Luxuriance, luxuriancy, W^ ifrSt,
lj& kasirat, i^jj wafrat.
Luxuriant, j~ kaslr, j>\) wafir,
j_/i>lj fayid.
Luxuriantly, ji\jCyj li
(a club or staff plated with silver

or gold carried before great men),
' ~r
t,&8U.
Macerate, ;. (make lean), c-r*^
daâf; (to mortify the flesh),

IJHJA\JH kaiar annafs,
amiit.
Maceration (making lean),
tadgf; (mortification of the flesh),
Luxuriously, **i.
rl! amutat; (steeping) j_iij ndk-..
Luxury, luxuriousness,
Machinate, v. Jli>-l ihtal, (dua.,^
.mi/:/ hllat. See Contrive, plaa.
Lycanthropy (a kind of madness in
which men have the quality of Machination, <tL- hllat, JLi-!
Hi I / /I ill, JuS kayd.
See Con
wild beasts), (_ijai katrdb.
trivance, fraud.
Lying, *. (telling a lie), <^j!j
l:n-.-fili (reclining), ^~ Machine, . -vi alah, or <L!l Slat
(plur. i'-' iv/f/^J, *1J_-'-> (/ii/d^.
mutiakl.
See Engine.
d-'LJlj^^k.^ mudat tatrl fl Machinery, .jJ^jJ dulabt.
Mad, (j^s^ /o/s. To be mad
ajsdm al hayioan teal nalat.
with love, {.jfA* m*ftAn.
Lynx, . &$i fahd.
Mad, madden, <. (make mad), . . >x?Lyre, . Jy: itid. See Harp.
ji.utiiait, ^xsr'dLfci iiwaluhu
w&fir, \j~ koslran.

Luxurious, isti1 -I u-ô- L>
fharahat, *'-"-
majnun ; (to be w become mad),

^y^srvLs df nutjnun, ^,s* Jan.
M has in English one unvaried Madam, l.'-'l. muduma.
sound, and is expressed in Arabic Mad-brained, mad-cap,
by * ; a.-'.*: kamar, The moon.'
majnttn. See Mad.
Maccaroni (thin paste), ^t
Madder, Sjj fuwih.
maikar&H, j.^SL* makaroni.
Mad dog, . uU^c_J^ A
Mace, *. (sceptre),
Made (.part, of make), J**-
MAG
688
MAG
ma/snfi-., J ^x,
Magisterialncss,jZ& takabbur. See
munfaîl.
Pride.
Magistracy, t**s>~ huk&mat, <*jJj
tualdyat, iLhj riySsat, 1^3 /vi/.; .
Mad-house, *. ^li^* mar*<an.

Madly, i-jj^f. iyun,(J_,jXS'*M Ji*
tnisl al majnun.
Madman, *. ^y^?* mafnun.
Madness, ^y^- junun. The mad
Magistrate, s. /^b- hakim.

Magnanimity, <L*.Ji himmat.
Magnanimous, ^&L_^~L> At'i
himmat, ii^lLc âft al himmat,

ness of youth,
/I'll fin ashshabab.
Madrigal, s. (pastoral song), i
shatckat, jy^- jatar. Magnan

imously, <C*Ji!jc lit'ii'lii himmat.
-cU\ katldat arrant.

Magnet, ^M..k'.jr.- maghnatls. See
Magazine, t. i-jj^* makhzan ; (of
arms), _^LJ',' J dar assalah.
Loadstone.
Magnetical, magnetic, ^ûJaijL*
Maggot, s. i JjJ dudat.

Magi (worshippers of fire),
mufus. One of the Magi,, -
maghnatln. See Attractive.

The magnetic needle, <L\J4J.J
kiblat ndma.
wajurt. The religion of the Magnetism, ^^> . Vt v iL^^^^siMagi, <L~ajf* majOsiyat.
Khawas al maghnatls. See At
Magician, ^p-Ls sahir, jls."1 sahhar.
traction.
See Enchanter, necromancer. Magnificence, .o .-i skowkat, rf^la*
Magicians, *^s*~ taharat.
Magisterial, -^ " - mutaiabbir,
c-^Ji__,s-'>-r A /.'/; haybat. See
jal&lat, (Jlsj-^jJusr* majdwa ijl&l,

J iJi ' ..J J dawlat too ikbdl, uJj->
Arrogant, lofty, proud.(such

sharaf. See Grandeur, splendor.
as suits a lord or master), -*;'.=- Magnificent,
hakiml.
: r'/:.' J((,
Magisterially, . ^ " j it takabbur.
See Proudly. (suitably to a
sharif, +^" mufakhkham. See
4 huimtn tea
riyfliiat.
Grand, pompous, splendid,
MAI
Most magnificent, -' akram
Magnificently,
mat, JL>-.J.cJJj ii'M ctizz tea
jalal.
\mufakhkham.
Magnified, Jax^ mu<.azzam,
*-
MAI
Mail (armour),
dir^ (plur.
c jjl adru^,
). Armed
with a coat of mail, c ,jc..
mutadarri^. The intertexture of

the rings of a coat of mail, J^J
zororf.
Mail, *. (bag, letter-bag),
Magnifier, . *&x* mu-âa&im,
^s Jr! il a? postaji,
mufakhkhim,]*-* muîtx.
i_r~j\LA\
kls al makutll. See
Magnify, v. ^r fakhkham, +GSBag.
taziam, *J> karram,je. âst. See
Maim, v. LLt takkat, ,^ :nmr,ir.
Extol, exaggerate, exalt, elevate.
See Lame, wound.
Magnitude, <Lx~i} wusât, (Us*"*
Maim, . kiL; *aia<, jsr'jarh.
fa*hai,j& kubr. See Size, large
See Wound, lameness, defect.
ness, bigness.
Maimed, -rtj^* majruh, kLo .v/!!'.
Magpie, *. JWU iiik-.ak. A green
Main, adj. J^\ atowal, *jJL WMmagpie, ^Ji-Z> ehakrak.
kaddam. See Chief, principal.
Maid, maiden, *. c^J lint. The
(important), >^ muhim ; (forcible,
Virgin Mary, J^sJl^^* man/am
violent), ^ji kawi, Jo Aî shadld.
al Intnl.
The main (chiefpart), -ksj-/<M.,
Maiden, adj. jj likr.
^.iT katarat, <^.~\r\ agjddb. See
Maidenhead, maidenhood, ^.L_C.>
Sum, total.Main or main force,
bakarat. See Virginity.To take
s JL! shiddat. The main or ocean,
a maidenhead, îlxJlJ! \\ n-iil al
L^s'*M_/ae7 iAar aZ muhit. A
bakurat. See Violate.
Maidenhair (a plant), j~Ji\Sjij
kutbarat al bir.
Maidenly, uîJl^l^ misl al bint.
Maid-servant, s. >-._''-- khadimat
or 1-i Ai- kltnddamal. See Slave
*
girl.
main (hamper), (J--JJ zanlll.

See Basket.The main chance,
^^(_/HuAi a/ al amr. The main
land, main, or continent, j> bar.
See Earth.The main land and
main ocean, j^.^J1. iw v>a bahr.
Mainly, Ulc gMliban, ^j\ amoaltm.
MAJ
690
MAX
See Chiefly.(powerfully), Jj Major, s. (military officer),

bin bushl. A majordomo,
ij> bikol knicat.
_.L>v!i nazar al matbakh. The
Main-mast, s. J**\\L!J\IX\ assari
major (first proposition of a syllo
al kallr. The main-sail or maingism), t^fj** kubra? ; (of full age),
sheet, ,--il-lj kol-ôl kallr,
j_S\j liiligh.
Maintain, v. (affirm) jji karrar;
(to defend by argument or proof), Majority,^! aksar; (full age, end
of minority), 9^ lulagh. To
barhan ; (to continue), jj\ 0
arrive at majority), jJbjLs idr
> .4-"^ tamar.
luligh.
Maintainable (justifiable), ^^V.
Make,
v. J faâL See Act, do,
i^c. yutah&mif lannaho.
practise, perform, execute, form,
Maintenance, OJS kut, iJ^x^t maconstruct, compose, create, com
iishat. See Living, food, suste
mit, compel, force, cause.To
nance, livelihood.(support, de
make away, make away with
fence), iiiiLs'' muhufeuuit, <uU>(kill), JiJ katal.
See Kill,
himayat. See Continuance, de
destroy. To make account
fence, support, protection.
(reckon), (_.'L*r>- Olf Carnal hisab.
Main-topmast, * j*.
See Compute.(to believe), ^1
ras assart al kallr.
amnn. To make account of, -icl
Majestic, ^_J>)^-* miduM,
jalll, <U.Jk !__- L sahib Jtaylat.

See August, imperial, pompous,
splendid, magnificent, lofty, sub
lime.Majestically, <L<JcLJ-$J
bikol lauunat, <LJLs-J-.' likol
jalalat.
Majesty (dignity), <LMsj- jalalat,
iitabar. See Esteem.To make

free with (treat without cere
mony), i_a-KJlj-J; rafa^ attaMlf. To mnkc good (prove),^J
barrar. jô\ (Khar, CL-~J sabbat.
To make love, ^ji^c ^sshek, JîLsr* Carnal muhabbat.
See
haybat ; (king's address),
Court ; and under love.To make
hadrat.
Major, ji! aksar, j\ akbar,
See Greater.
of (produce effect),y\ tutor ; (to

understand), f fehem.
See
Comprehend.To make out (x
691
MAL
MAN
plain), *J fahhani. See Prove. Malevolence, malice, maliciousness,

(to make clear to one's self),
malignity, ij^ radawat.
cl^j! mil-ilk. To make up (re Malevolent, malicious, malignant,
concile), ^l* aofoA ; (to com
i^J^Lujl intdn rail.

The
malevolent (men), JJLa\c.jl^)1
pound), L_-i i raklcab ; (to com
arldb al luilcad.
plete), +AJ tammam.
Make (form, stature), i_-~ J tarTtib, Malevolently, maliciously,malignity,
malignly, <L>O^<jUj bigJiayatin
Sjya surat,
See
radiyah.
[tious.
Figure, shape.
Malign. See Unfavourable, infecMaker, *. Jle
j-jL> sawtt.
[See Disease. Mall, mallet, . ^ji\z>- chakaj.
Malady, *. ^_?>j<* marad, j-=rj *y^ Mall, malleate, v. ^LsJbjj dak
Malapert, malapertness, etc.
Saucy.
See
bil chalcuj.
Mallow (aplant), ij^>- Mittbayzat,
ij$j Li- MSds5.
Malversation, <*-L^- Al?a<. See
Knavery, artifice.
Man (mankind), ^Lujl insan,jj
lashar ; (a male of the human
species), (J^- 1 rajol. A common
man;Jxi nafar.
Manage, c.^JJ dollar, ^>\j bashar,
Malc,jj zaiflr (plur.j^J sswiiir),

Male and female, Âil^J z/tr
wrt tmta'. A male animal, ^Ls1*
fahl. See Stallion.
Maladministration, ^!j
al iddrah, x\ 'A v il/
anntium. See Mismanagement.
Malcontent (dissatisfied), ^jl^c
*L- Tiakam, ,J^]^jS--\ ajra' <tl
ghayr r<ldl. See Discontented.
Malediction, . <Lx! .'<;,, >,vf. See
Carnal.
See Govern, conduct,
Curse.
treat.
[attadwlr.
Malefaction, _ - ' i * .-//,;/,. See Manageable, jij,\ ". HJjlS jfcoW
Crime.A malefactor,
Management, ^-JJJ fcirfizr, îL*
mvyrim. See Criminal.
mubasfiarat, <LLLt< muâmalat,
Malpractice, t^^J^ t
J-T tawta^. See Administration,
AscuJifjU ûdat kablhat,
conduct, dexterity, practice.
radawat.
Manager, a. j\* mulfishir,
MAN
692
wakll. See Conductor, governor,

administrator.
Mandate, *. *- hukm, j*\ amr,
4jLe>j tawsiyah. See Command,
commission.
Mandatory, i_/^ amri.
Manes, (JUS- khayal. See Ghost.
Mange, >. manginess, >.-j?- jarab.
See Scab.
Manger, s. *- !-- matlaf, (plur.
MAN
J ' - marnoal, v_L^-- suluk, i
^&dat. See Habit, custom, way,
mode ; (disposition of the mind),
a\s~ khatir, ^jL^ masftral,
'<j* mitaj (sort), *__**>- kigm,
û^-jint, c y '-_. See Kind ;
(air, cast of the look), A=^j wajh,

aJ natar. See Mien.Manners,
t_->bT adab, JLiî akhlak. See
Morals, politeness, civility, cere
).JK madwad).
mony.
Mangy, ^j^- jarbdn. See Scabby, Mannerly (polite), i_--_.y . mafiazzab,
Manhood (in opposition to woman

hood), t*^frj rajaliyat.
Maniacal, ^j*^" majnun.
adab,
muaddal. See Civil, ceremonious ;
(politely), i_iL!j^ btfal Ivtf,
ihtiiham.
Manifest, yUs whir, *\j icudiJi,

^""muttadih,^:.:*:*, t , tistabln, Mansion, *.
i manzal, +\.
^[i buyin. [discover, explain.
makdn, ^-_ mathm. See
Manifest, v.jâ\ azhar. See Show,
Abode, house, residence.
Manifestation, manifestness, J(s\
Khar,jjc zuhur. See Discovery, Manslaughter,
publication, clearness. [yuzJiar.
See Homicide, murder.
Manifestable,
zahir,
Mantle, .- . .'_^.. manto. See Cloak.
Manifestly, l^fcll? zahiran. See Evi Manual, ^jju .,,.'?// (performed by
the hand), .-.'. _^, .,',;<// ..././,i!-/,-/.
dently, clearly.
Manifesto, . (Jlk.1 ^ <*~ surat al h&l.
A manual (sma
Manifold, ^3li* mutakasir.
kitub saghlr.
Mankind, AJl-iJ banl Adam, (j-iif- Manufacture, ,_Lr >
jtiJ^\ jint albatha-r, -2Jlô Aaz
sanâi, ^.yifcjL* muni fatten.
Manna, - iitiian.
lalbashar. Manufacturer, . _)Le sanu. See
Manner, AP-. MTo;'A,
Maker, artist, artificer.
MAR
693
MAR
Manumission, (j^. -.alh, ,_SJ fak. Marchpane, *. 1^_1_- halaiod (plur.

cuby^s- hulwiyat).
The manumission of a slave after
Mare, . (Hr faras, i-j^s farasah.
the death of his master,
i "Ik "I -t<
Margarite, . <uljl luliyih. See Pearl.
In ill maict sahibiho. An Arabian Margin, lU-iU- hashiyah. The mar
gin of a page, iU-lb>- hashiyah
formula of manumission,
(plur. îl^>- hawashl}.
V; '- t'l'.H KH ii IinIt ('. e. You are
Marginal.
A marginal note, <UiU>free).
latlaL
hiishiyaTi. To write marginal notes
Manumit, v. (jSxl a^tak, ÎW
Manurable (capable of cultivation),
on a book,
Tcatab
9 i_Uo j ^&* yanfalih tea yanzari^.
hashiyah.
Manuscript, Julai-c.jlsS' kital khat Marine,
bahrl. A marine
yad.
(soldier),
Many (a great many), J.S& kcrnr. Mariner, *. ^Sj=^. bahrl.
Vbahn.
How many? \s>-lj ** Team wahid? Marjorum (a fragrant plant), t^>Many times, i^-i^cy!^* marrat
J-jJl Imlwk al fil, îjsfjj*
kasirah. Many colored, j*-^
manangush.
u_^_j!^ asZr Z alwan. Many Maritime (belonging to the sea),
words, /Joi'.iS kisTat kalam,
i_y^sc7 bahri ; (bordering on the
Map, . ils^lri- kharita.
sea), jjsJIjJs-Lj^Lc âla' sahil
Mar, p. j- dar, ju*- kJiassar. See
al bahr.
Harm, hurt, injure, spoil.
Mark, s. <L^L_c âlamat (plur.
Marble,j^* marmar, *\^>-j rikham.
CjUic jalamat), tj\Ji>\ isharat.
A mark or proof, jU* îyar. The
Marble (made of marble), , e*l.i
.
stamp-master's
mark on gold or
rikhami, <^j*j* marmarl.
silver, .',t. j damghah.
Marcasite, Ua-JU it* or
March (month), iljl a</ur.
March, /;. .j-i"* meshi.
March, . .5^* mashi.
[limits.
Marches.
See Borders, confines,
Mark, . Jx tallam, LiLc.^ Carnal

âlamat, *_ i rasam. To mark
with orthographical points, i^cl
a^rab, klj nakkat. To mark or
take notice of, Sas^S //'.-;. To
MAR
C94
MAR
mark weights or measures, j*z Marry, v. (take a wife or a husband),

[iiharat.
_.p tatmoipof, (Jjb'lj taahhal;
Marker, . îLiilljJ^lc -//;i7 al
(to join a man and woman in
Market or market-place, . ji^-i sak,
matrimony), _^J tawtcaj.
j\j\i bazar; (buying and selling), Mars (planet),
al kalir.
market-day, .xjl;Ul*v
> | j" yatcm s.1
buxar. The market or current
price, '<'-'- ,^,i ! <\/i>ia.talasiar.
planets,
The two malignant

Mars
aad
Saturn,
Marsh, s. ^-j wahl.

Belonging to a market, tjF/jV
buzan. A dull market,
tasSd.
Market,*?. ,_
j&rî tajar. Bee Deal, traffic.
Marketable, ''..--. t <U
bayn. tea shira,
bazar, ^jj^sf tyuri.
Marksman, *. ^^rLu-J nlshdnjl.
Marmoset, . ^lAx-j gaiddn. Sec
Ape.
Marriage, te2) zyah. A marriage
entertainment,
Marriageable,
azzljat; (arrived at the age of
puberty), jjb buliglt (fern. lijlj
baliffhat).
Married, -rjj* muzawuxij (fern.
te*-)jt muzawwajat. A married
woman, i!l?-.J_^jL\ amraah
muzawwajah.
Marrow, jjj zuz. The spinal mar
row, cUs:
Marshal, s. .C,>... r _> tr j.<isytar. See

General.(a harbinger)
bltar, îjtt^ baysharuih.
Marshal, .-.
nefufsuf&f,
See Arrange. To marshal or
lead the way,
Mart, *. (city of traffic), j^j bandar.
Martial,
(_>/*
ftarbl,
harbajl. See Warlike.

Martin, martinet, martlet, *.
kJuittuf. See Swallow.
Martingale, Jv^J-i salaband.
Martyr, s. ^^ shahld (plur. ^ >{-*
shaJiaifl). To martyr, >_-( *.A\-;
l-ataWto sfiaMd. See Murder,
destroy.Martyrdom, JjL^_Ji
shaMd-at. A place of martyrdom,
;.*. masftad. To be martyred,
thalnd.
MAS
095
MAS
zlj,
See Mason's rule, .
mw<idr.
"Wonder.
Masquerade, i.*.**"^ matkhara. To
Marvel, s. ^^sf- âjib,
masquerade, tjsf**^; Carnal
istighral. See "Wonder.
maskhara.
Marvellous,
gharib (plur. *^j\s? âjdyib. Mass (large quantity), i^ kasirat,
,Ja^,!ju_a mukdar
_jj badl^. See "Wonderful.
(assemblage), -*;
Marvellously, v_~js tyj W
Heap.
nawîn tajib.
Massacre, <LbJU maktalat, Jis
Masculine, .iX< mmakkar. See
To massacre, .J :nt>ah,
Male.The masculine gender,
katal. See Murder.Massacred,
^ A < ,. ~ ikkar. To put in the
J. makt&l. See Murdered.
masculine gender, j-^jdl^cj Massiness, massiveness, JAI w'W.
toada^ attazJcir. A. masculine
See "Weight.
woman, <LLsr* fahlat.
Massive, massy, +la.~ âslm, f^-M
Marvel, *. '_ -5*"1 taâjjab.
Mash, . confused mixture, Likhalat, kLir mukUalit.

mash, LL*. khalat.
sakil. See Large, weighty.

To Mast, . fj\~> sari, plur. *Jj>\j~>
sawarl. Oak mast, tJj ballut.

Mask, *. (visor), SjS?**te>-j wajh Master, . *!*- tnuâllim, t^>-\*e
matkharah ; (a subterfuge), <t-Lr>sahib. See Lord, chief, possessor,
*lfa<, ic tt7^<. See Pretence.
(a revel), tjO?** maskharah.
See Masquerade..
Mask, v. (conceal with a visor),
-ST*""* maskhar.
Masker, .sF*** mumatkhir.
Masked,^^***"'* mtitamaskhar.
Mason, (stone-cutter), uLcli faîl,
^Lsf*" hajj&r ; (a builder with
stone), \L banna, j\*x*t murmur
proprietor. *Che master of a

house or family, c^--Jlt_â-L;
sahib al bayt. The master of a
feast, iLjLiJ!i_^r>-L> sahib addiyil/at. A master or teacher,
Jot* muittllini. A master of any
art or trade, jliJ ustdd, -&L
mahir. Master, mister, or sir,
>- khawaja. A master cook,
/ matbakh.
MAT
G9G
A young gentleman, jJ
khawaja saghlr.
Master, v. (conquer), i_-A f. ghaldb.
MAT
J karan ; (to confront),
, As-\j wq/aA; (to suit,
proportion), Îj wa/iii ; (to join
in marriage)jj zawteqf.
See Overpower, govern, rule.
Masterly, adj. Jo\J* sftdtir. See Matchable, t. i_^-lx* munasib,
Skilful.
(J^y* muwafik, ^Jj^ layik. See
Masterpiece, . (J.jlj,JjtJjLi.
suitable, correspondent.
(Uxîl shughl muittllim nadir fl Matchless, AliJUHd *ai
, <*1L
atsanât. Mastership, mastery,
jâj mulaho nazlr,
<U*1*4 muâlltmiyat.
Masticate, v. i!,^'-Mastication (chewing),
i-^-;.. madgh.
,',it /'//!. Matchlessly, (

la nazlr laho. MatchjLC tadamalnasir.
Match-maker, . (marriage-broker),
Mastic (a gum), lk*3t mastaka.
<tj-UJ\^)l..u.<>Mi samsarat azzajat*
Mastiff, *. ^rrt_J_ Mo /t-aiir.
Mate, *. (husband or wife), _jj
See Dog.
zaio; (fern, ^-jj zawfat) ; (com
Mat, .-. Hjt-ar*- hasirah. A mat or
panion), (J^Jj raf\k. Check-mate
carpet on which they kneel at
(at chess), c^'Uili shah mat.
prayer, i jlsr1 sujjadah. A maker
Material (consisting of matter),
of mats, jo*- ^L&s* muhayyik
hayull, LjL maddiyat,
Jtvsr. To mat, j*t. J^ âjna/
hayulant ; (important),
Awsr. See Twist, weave, entangle.
darurl, +$* muhim, *jS
Match, i. (of a gun) <LLjj fatllat ;
lazim, A material cause,
(a match of brimstone, etc., for
<L jL* -. >;'nt maddiyat.
lighting a fire), i^-J^ kilrit;
Materials, i_'__-' aslab, _-'
(game), JL*! lu^bat ; (an equal),
magalih. Materials for building,
^ j Aarfz ; (anything resembling
to-s^ karastah.
or tallying with another), yj
zatcj, C^.A- chift. See Fellow, Materiality, Jj5L maddiyat.
Materially, ^JlLjsîij^j W teajhin
pair.
Match, v. (to be equal to), Jjlc
haySlani ; (importantly), J^j
697
MAT
bikol darurat. Materialness, *j*ji> darurat,

Maternal, ^f+\ umml. Maternity,
cJ.V ummlyat.
Mathematical, â \)j riyadi,
hundasl.
See Geometrical.
Mathematically,
<U^bj!t>XctyiJl -.alii mujib al
kawAiid arriyadayat.
See Geo
metrically. A mathematician,
i vÂ^-. 'iiiHiuirtdis, \&'.Q+ muhandiz.
See Geometrician.
Mathematics, .-.j'^; :' .Lt!' al
arriyadiyat,
al handasat,
}\ kawatid al ûlum arriya
MAZ
owr,
See Thing, busi
ness, subject.Purulent matter,
*& Icayih. See Pus.

[hamm.
/ of importance), *,&
Matter, v. (be
matta'.
Matthew,
Mattock,
fartheh
Mattress, *.
tahtunle.
Mature, i^f*** mustatcl. See Ripe.
Maturity, \f~i\ iitiica. See Com
pletion, ripeness. (puberty),
aLcjlj bulughiyat.
Maudlin (half drunk), ^yLjt-i^J
nasf saltran.
Maul, v. --r~ darab.
diyat.
Maund, . J-.JJ zanbll. See Basket.
Matins (morning prayers), jjsPMê Mausoleum, . ~. , ratedah, :^_^_
saint al fajir.
makbarah, j\j* mazar.
Matrice, matrix, SI,"' ^ umm al Maw, :--V-t mitdat. See Crop,
stomach.
atclad. See Womb.(a mould),
Maw-worm, . .L^'jtJ '/(/ a/
U.J15 kalib.
See -Worm.
Matricide, /^ JiJi kail al umm.
Matrimonial, iafT^âseC yakhus Maxillary, ^jLi fikte.
aisljah. See Conjugal, nuptial. Maxim, . itXcU kaîdah, j^^
Matrimonially,
kanun. See Axiom, rule, precept.
Aac;pl tola? mVjib rutum azzijah. May (month), jUI ayydr.
Matron, s. ^y^>- khclfun.
tfaybug, *. J*5>- /uj/, it,..>ava>
Matter, yj>- jism, -'-> hiyuld,
khunftse. See Beetle.
r jawhar, 4 jL mddat (plur. Mayor. See Magistrate.
, <. -_'_'. j<//"/>. See Labyrinth.
amwad}. See Substance..
MEA
698
(confusion of thought), *j _~ -^
Atrat. See Amazement, irreso
lution, perplexity.To maz
hayyar. To be in a maze,
Mar. See Astonished.
Me (oblique case of I), ^ i. Do
you know what he said to me?
MEA
See Medium.(the instrument or
measure used to any end),
'j
wasitat, L; .._>^ tcasllat, \__
---~r .
aJc6 (plur. (_>L-sl asbab). See
Cause. Meantime, meanwhile,
in the meantime, L*;' baynama,
LîX'.f. iindemu, \A~jflma.

Mean, P. (signify), .j^ c/in' ;
(intend), A.^J iosorf. See De
nazd idZ ll ? She said, make the
experiment on me?
sign, purpose, intend.
krdat ijâl attajribat Meander (windin
of a river),
annahr.
fiyya.J ll in the dative case,
i\
anfal ntti
Meanest,
and i_j rii in the accusative case.
yakun.
Meaning (design), ^ tazm, JJ^*
mttrad, JiâJi kasd, JîL* waksud,
Meagre, u-aâc' aAz/. See Lean,
JuiL* maksad, ^jZ- gharad, S3\j\
poor, bare.
[ness, barrenness.
iruditt, iUJ ^n<. See Design,
Meagreness, s_ -r du^f. See Leanintention.(signification), .j^*-*
Meal (ground corn), Mj^s^5 tahm,
mat.na' (plur. (_>!*. ma-.ani).
(jîil daklL See Flour.
Mead (meadow), ^ marj (plur.
Mean (despicable), jt&*~ haklr, Meanly, ijUjjj bikol danawat;

(without dignity), ^ LAS- ,_).'
(JJ dam, ^J dun, JJj'zff/z^.
bikol hakarat, i_J_llj bilasharaf.
See Contemptible, base, poor,
Meanness,
ijliL=>- Jiakurat, Jj till.
humble, pitiful. (middling, mo
(want of libe
See Baseness.
rality), Lsr'A r iadam sakJtu.
lukhul.
See Avarice,
bakhil. See Sordid, avaricious.
sordidness, niggardliness.
Of mean birth, J^'Û malaJia
Means
(revenue), JL mal (plur.
Oil.
Mean, . (mediocrity),
arntc&l'), jj rizk (plur.
' ; ' ,'V'y; /, !^_. .
Sec Fortune,
derate), JJCJK mtt^tadil,
imitawassit ; (niggardly),
MEA
699
wealth, riches.By all means,
MED
ttiasdhat. The science of mea
surement (geometry), &* LUA) ' . ~
-.ilni ill masahat.
See Doubtless, certainty.By no

means, Lei aslan, Ixki* . ~ ' aslan Measurer, *. JU kayydl. Alandtea ka.tj.an, K kalld, ^
measurer, W* viassah, _.W*
-^ ^
uoj$\ massah al ard.
vxylian mm ail wtijah.
See Never.
Meat (flesh), *L lahm. See Food.
Meant, JâiL* maksud, _v_. _x.*
(food), *Uls taâm. Roast
n'l' .ln'iti. See Designed, signified.
meat, b>L kabdb.
Measles, *~^~^ ftaebf.
\_kaya.$.
Measurable, (jyuLsJlJjU kalil al

Measure, (_/u kiyds, ji kadar.
Mechanical, mechanic (skilled in

mechanics), tu13!i_~oîl.J.Jlu:
ûlim fi tarklb al alat ; (belong

See Pro])ortion, mean, portion,
ing to an art or trade), ^jJij
allotment; measurement ; quan
yaddl, |_JJ danl. See Mean,
tity ; moderation.A measure,
servile. Mechanically, .. 1 , r.
K ^ 1 1
.
mikyus. A. measure for
corn or other dry goods, J.,
c.t7// al harakat.
kayl (plur. JU^ akyul}, ii^ Mechanic, . . -'1 '*-,; ', *ani^ alut.
kaylat. Poetic measure, ^j?+
See Artificer.
^MI-I! m'tzun asJishiiT. Verse
-J .!..Mechanism, mechanics,
without just measure, ^t\yj*s.
ghayr niatezun. Above measure,
Medal, s. i~i sikke, <- *: kuneh.
(juuLj^b bila kiy&s, Jk.^b bila
See Coin.
hadd. See Immense.As you
Meddle, v. Ji-lîi' tadakhal. See
measure it will be measured to
Intermeddle, deal, busy.
l.i .: Hi tadrn
you,
Meddler, *.. (JuLc^-i^ Aa<zr gtudabeh,
fadan.
Measure^ v.
has, Jl^ leal.
Mediate, w.
o tadd/chal
Measured,
malcyul.
tcuoassat. To inKeasjireiaeiit,
Li faya.*. Meooi' ground,
Jjerpose.
OXFORD
700
MED
Mediation, <eljLi> ghifaât, la-yj

tawassit. See Intercession.
Mediator, *. L^.-. v/-x7/, ^ . P A
shafl^.
A mediatrix,
ddaJ^
waxitah.
Medical, ^Îb eiii. The medical
art, c..-^^,*"1 fo* attibb.
Medicinal, Jl fr'iii, Jli *Ad/i.
See Healing, salutary.Medici
nally,
medically, i__~-j* J*
tafo' >u/VJ g7m ato'i.
/, \;J rfazod,
Medicine, Ic
_
tibb.
[teasatat.
Mediocrity, Jlji^l i^tidal, iLLLsj

Meditate, v. j>J-j tafakkar, jjf&j
tasawtcar, ut*b taammal. See
Consider, reflect, contemplate,
think ; contrive, plan.To medi
tate on the issue of anything,
'Lj taammal ft
al umur.
MEE
medlar-tree, jtjS.jijS^ tajarat

za^rur.
Medley, s. lai>- k/ialt. See Mix
ture. Medley adj., Srj_L_sr*
makhlut. See Confused, mingled.
Medullary, .j^* mwkhkhl.
Meed. See Reward ; present, gift.
Meek, *-r-^>- hallm, >.Li salim. See
Gentle, mild.
[See Soften.
Meeken, v, *^
amalaho hallm.
Meekly, ^Jô biM hilm.
Meekness, *L>- A7>. SeeMildncsss,
gentleness.
[suitable.
Meet. See Fit, proper, qualified,
Meet, v. (on the road, encounter),
(__>jU *o<fa/. See Encounter.
(to assemble or meet together),
-4is>-l ijtama^; (to engage, en
counter), t_JÛ- Ad>-J. See
Fight.To go out to meet a
person on the road on purpose,
JJh-jl istakbal, i>\tL*i\ J^ Carnal
Meditation, ^C . 7 tafaklcur,
tdlawat,
taammul,
laho mulakuh. Meeting (part.),

t_L mulakl, i_jLxi musadif.
See Meeting, *. (assembly), ^.. 1 r*
majlis, <U*^w- jamîyat <r\*^jamS.^, (jAsr* mahfal. See Assem
\.arrum.
bly.(encounter), U5L mulakah,
j tadblr,
tasaiowir.
Thought.
Meditative, ^L
mutafakkir.
Mediterranean sea, .
Medium, L:-;. wasat. See Middle.

Medlar, *.
i zotrflr.
The
J1 wital, &bo\yi muKusalat.

Themeetingorconflux of streams,
MEL
i.nijiiiiL. annaJirln,
multakfi . Meeting-house,
701
MEM
Melodious, **;'- mulrib. See

Musical.(inelodhJhsIy), f^L
i_j .'.i bisawtin mutrib.
majlis.
Meetly, meetness. See Fitly, fitness. Melodiousness, melody,
Jiiji* astfat mutribat (plur. (
Megrim, ij)
teaja^ arras.
i-v-r ' /!!',/ annaghmat) ;
See Head-ache.
Melancholy . Lv_ sawda, nagJtmat (plur. culutj naghmat).
milankholiah. Melon, s. AfEitkj lattlkhat. A bad
See Grief.
or unripe melon, (j^yij fakkfis.
Melancholy, melancholic, lj-?.js~
A water melon, --- abas.
hazln, ^t v* mahzua. See Melt, p. (make liquid), <Jj>> dawwab.
Gloomy-minded , dismal . To
See Dissolve.To melt gold,
*. ^> >. -^ .< sakab dahab. To
make melancholy, i ghamm.
melt silver, <UiJ ^_^>_i_-j aiai
To dispel melancholy, ,*!\J!j\
fuddah. To melt (become liquid),
osaJ a/ yâwi. To be or be
come melancholy, Ju\ angharn.
ddyib.
Melilot (plant), uKUJlJJ^l iklllal Melted,
Melter, . -_'. \-. mudawieib.
malik.
Meliorate, v. See Better, improve. Melting, '*.
tadwlb,
^bjJ dawaban. Melting gold or
Melliferous, (producing honey),
JULc ,<!. i~ii. Mellifluent, melli
silver, clX.--uO tasblk, i
fluous (flowing with honey),
iLx.jsa}A; (part.), i
Member, *. îc ^rfu (plur.
Mellow,
mustaicl. See Ripe.
a^da).
(soft), *^ li nUitrn ; (intoxicated), Membrane, s. <-~J\^h
^\f~> sakrun. See Drunk.
The membrane of the brain,
Mellow, . (become mature), ^yuj!
- -jJ .'' umm addimugh, Li.i
iilawa,' ; (to make mature), ali^f**+if khalluh yaitatvl.
Mellowness, \ji~i\ istiwu. SeeRipe-
ghifha. The membrane which

envelopes a child in the womb,
I *..*... mushlmat.
nes.(softness), Liyxj nu-.umat. Memento, J^CiJ' tajkirah, il-i_^

31
MEN
kinayat.
702
See Memorial, notice,
MER
manikin nlisltih,
kabil attashih.
hint.
*"
muramrim,
Mender, *.
musaMih.
Memorable,
Mendicant,^Ju fakir. See Beggar.
wo/YJ
mashhur,
Menial. See Low, mean. A
ai&ikr.
menial servant, *3\s>- Ichadim.
Memorandum, *. aîj^ mazkirah.
tfenses, \je*s>- hayd, L...v.iU'jLc
Memorial, *. See Monument.
âdat annisa. A menstruous
A memorial (case or petition),
woman, âj\a- hayid, A^JC*tV^-i*!0]^ ôrd h&l.
huyidah.
Memory (the recollective faculty),
Menstrual. See Monthly.A men
-tUiUîiyJLU alkuwat alhajlzah ',
struum. See Dissolvent.
(remembrance), jiJ zikr. To
Mensuration, &>-u~ masdhat.
commit to memory, )as- hafaz.
Mental, ^j^ damlrt, Âe. âUi.
To occur to the memory, ^lL?-\
,_^\i liitinl. See Intellectual,
A\J aja. *7a' lulihi. To recall to
ideal.
memory, -*"-" jl-- jab libulihi.
Mention, J>J zikr, J>i tazakkur.
Men (plur. of man), Jl^-j rijal.
Favorable or honorable mention,
See Mankind, people.Men and
J-*ST/3 zt/tr >mi/. To men
Memoir, up Jo tazkirah.
devils. J^srliiinij^ alimtoaljinn.

Menace, v. JJî' tahaddad.
tion, r^J takar.
Mentioned,
See
Threaten.
Menace, s. Ju Afi tahdid. See Threat
Mercantile, ,_f,l_sr <ydri, t,

mat/art, A writing signed by a
Mend, f. (repair), ,^j rwra
judge confirming a mercantile

agreement,
3J\J> kontrato.
(improve), ^ tallah.
See
harayirf,
Amend, repair, correct, improve Mercer, .
increase. (to become better)
bayya^haruyir.
istalah. To mend a gar
ment, _jj , rakka-c
Mendable,
*-"i yulasallah,
Merchandise, 'ij\=' tijdrat ; (wares),

JU mdl (plur. J\y^ amwaf),
^^ jim (plur. (JM\^>-\ ajndt),
MEE
703
MER
arrahinat ical
ci
,lL>_Ji kumush (plur.
akmishat}.
One who sells mer
chandise for others, JSj dallal.
ghufran walrudwan.
Mere, ^jos." mahd, kai /aa, f^-
iarlh.
See Broker. To barter merchan

dise for merchandise, J jb badal.
The mere truth, (J^.!

alhak assarlh. Merely,
\\ , JL.i
mahdan.
[pool.
Mere,
.
i^5-?
buhayrat.
See
Lake,
(plur.jlir
Merchant,
Meretricious, etc. See Whorish.
Merchant-man, *. (trading vessel), Meridian, Ljj> zuhrl. The me
ridian, j\$^ \ ',_'-"' naf annahar.
See Barter, exchange.
uj)la^>(_r^r< markab tijurl.
See Mid- day.The meridian line,

Merciful, -=- 1 rahim, ,j . c .*i
jlf^L-Q.n'ks- khattnatfannahar.
Meridional. See Southern.
Compassionate. Mercifully,
Merit, Jii /rtrf^, jjlLsLJ istihk&k,
it thafakat,
jljL_jt_i_jl iiti^d&d. Merit or
marhamat,
merited reward, ilsUL* mukafah,
!
ihaflk, ^J g *- muxhfik.
shafakat.
See
Mercifulness,
j->-\ ajr.
marhamat.
Merited reward or
See Mercy.
Merciless, <ULL>L
/'/ shafakat.
See Inhuman, hard-hearted.
punishment, |^>- _/zd.

Meritorious, <>în af,ln n jib aisaicab,
Mercurial, ^r^J zaybaki.
iLsLx4.J\ wdjib al mukafah.
Mercury, JMJJ zaybak. The planet
Meritoriously,^-^! t-.-^li iimr- in wajib alajr,
Mercury, J^,Hac j.^dr*i.

Mercy, <U^- .^ marhamat,
rahmat, <L_L j i ghafakat. See Mermaid, .

Compassion, tenderness.(pardon), tic. -a f>i
m<zÂ/ara<, Merrily,
is. ghnfr&n. May he have
mercy and pardon and the bless
ing of God,
bint albakar,
liturur,
wa insfiaruh.
Merriment, merriness. See Mirth.

mairtir,
Merry,
MET
704
MET
gay, laughing.To make merry,
I
Metaphorically, ly\*
majSxan,
'ij\icî'i\j lil istiâiat. To speak
_ J farrah.
metaphorically, JL_^laj Li-j
farJian.
See Glad,
cheerful,
Merry-andrew, . See Jack-pudding.
>. \ _ ^\ takallam litarlk al
Merrymake, v. See Make merry,

Metaphysics, *^31*i-c jj7w alkalam,
feast.
A . .^.U' ^ sj L U-E ^t?w td _/atoA
Mesh (interstice of a net), vC. A
shabakat.
[lawn taâm.
Mess, . (dish of meat), Ûls^y
attabiât.
Metempoychosis (transmigration of
Message, *. ^.o- khalar,
souls), i~'Lil! nttanasukh.

Meteor, s. t_!^î shahab. Meteors,
Messenger, s. (jy^j rasul,
v_ -^-*. shuhb, i> LJ! lUiil alatar
The messenger of good
alâlawiyat.
M^t mubashshir.
Methinks, jikÂe côfo' zinnr.
Messiah, ,^w<t!! a/ maslh.
Method, t-^J^-J torizi, i
Messmate, s. l_*_Ultj;..J/i raflk
as/ui, ^jî? terzi, 2iXclJ> i>
riialat.
atta-.um.
[House.
Messuage, t. ^L^^ layt.
See
Met ( part. pret. of meet), i_JjLa--

musadaf. See Meet.
Metal, ^JJt* mat. dan.
Metallic, metalline,
Methodical, t-^.:^-^ murattab,

,U -. . ^ muntazim ; (person),
*\lait--'=>-U9 *uî nizam. Me
thodically, L_-J,.i-J W tartlb,
^.lU-.ili li intizam,
Methodise, p. L_^M rattab, *!aj

c
Metamorphose, . i
masakh.
nasam. See Arrange, regulate.
Metamorphose, w. metamorphosis, Methought,
a' fikri.
Metonymy (rhetorical allusion),
inkilab.
<Lj U^ kinayat. Metonymically,
Metaphor, *. iiU^ kinayat,
ixtitarah
1-
maidani.
(plur.
Lli^Jlj lil kinayat.
'
isliârtli).
Metaphorical, meta- Metre, j**A\^j~i nnzdn asfehiir,
phoric, îLs^ majazl, ^
ijejjZ iUriid, <Lilj kufiyat,
i*li-.jirl.
lahar.
ftions,
Metaphorical exprescyL^^3^
muxtaliliat.
Metrical,
t
mawzun.
MID
71)5
MIG
middle of winter, u-iJ

wasat ashshita. In the middle
of
the city, jJJ \t_a*ii o/J <"*/
A metropolitan, ^^3-* matran.
a? balad.
Mew, s. (cage), fjoiii Jcafas. To
Middling,
L^y... mutawassit. See
mew as a cat, ,_-... nawwa'.
Metropolis, *. <uLLJljlj dur asualtanat, .% .-._-^' ,' J t'f al hukumat.
Middle. Anything of a middling

Mezereon, ^jjj]\* matariyun.
sort, I-:--. ,"-. ,-,//.
Mice (plur. of mouse), Û^J flran.
Mid, i_c.gj ,/'/*/.
[aarz.
Mid-course, ^Ji < .U iU j.^ i wa/" Mid-leg, jjLJlcP.JJ nasf astak.
Mid-day, -jl? *_ ^l.-.ll. o.^'i ,,.,/' Midmost, ^^-- wasatl.
annahfu . At mid-day, i_-^'i ^ Midnight, JJJli c.a'i nasf al layI.
At midnight, ,J.Jj
jlîll fl nasf annahar.
al
layl. Till midnight, i
Middle, L.-. waslt, ;'_:_-. wasatl,
J-ill 7a' nasf al layl.
[bahr.
]a~i\j w&sit, i_c.i-r.v.- muntasif.
See Intervenient. Of middle Mid-sea, jsti\la~ijj^ fl wasat al
stature, <LUJlla-n^ mutawassit Midst, ^j-j bayn. See Middle.
In the midst of the people,
al kamat.
Middle, . LL-.-. wasat,
i/l^,.*J bayn armas. In the
midst of the journey, yLJlLJlj
i LzJ 1 ansuf), \o~if~i mutawassit,
fl asna assafar.
[atsayf.
J Jcjt< mu^tadil. The middle of
a house, <k*Lj suhah, jljJ
Midsummer, w-iâi 1 ^_^-lj ^ fl katt>
."/'/; addar. See Court, square. Midway (middle between two places)
J^Liil>_c.fi.'i nasf attarik ; in the
Keeping the middle, $'.
middle of the way or passage,
c_a.i".v ^ muntasif. To penetrate
^^JallL^.o/J wasat attarik.
into the middle, laÛj^-J
.'L Im' HI watt. In the middle, Midwife, *. <djli kubilih (pi.
(^ L ^ /?d Jy, Sa-ijl 1 j /! /
Icawabif), <O^J dayih.
. //-.v/ ashihita.
wasat. In the middle of the day, Midwinter, l
^l;-^ -^'ij/? nnifiuHuiknr- In
Mien, ^^- . wajh,j&~+ manzar. See
tho middle of the night, t_r.a,i J,
Look, aspect, countenance.
J--111 /i fKW/" allayI. In the Might (power), ii^JJ kudrat, its
MIL
MIL
700
kfiwat, j\4ZJ\ iktidiir, ajlle tdkat.
^>- jangh't,
Military,
harli, ,_j^L*j: t"
iaskarl. Military
affairs, tLj.s*.\jy*l\ alttm&r at
See Power, force, strength, great

ness.
Mightily, i'juio bi shiddat, ijj
harbiyat. Military, milice, mi
bikol kudrat, 'ij-'jJ6> bikol
litia, j^~c. âskar. See Army.
kuicat. See Powerfully, vigor Milk,
ously, greatly, violently, vehe Milk, v.
\halibat).
Milker,
.
t_rJUhdlib
(fern.
iUUmently.
Mightiness, Sjs kudrat.
Sec Milking, .
Might, greatness, majesty.
Milkman, s.
Mighty, oy kawl, jjU Jtade
Milk white,
kadlr, jJcJL* muktadir, ^~3*.\*a
White.
i_y.j saAii kuwat. See Powerful, Milky (consisting of or abounding
strong.Mighty (in a great de
in milk), Jo- hallbi.
f' "
gree), \Jc>- jiddan.
Mill, *. Sj ê tuhunat. A horseMigration, JUhjl initial, ,-*.*
maddr. A wind-mill,
mill,
Aa/l;', ^liLslo tafathan. See Emi
tuhun hawu. A watergration.
\Jiallule.
<Au ma. A
mill,
Milch cow, . ._- il^-^1 bakara
hand-mill,
* mathanat. An
Mild,
*-l.r>-
/.."'.'/',
oil-mill,
/iiii-.K(ir<ih.
annafs, f-i^j tfadl^ (plur. Mill, p.

to^m,
IcJ^ ii-m/a-.i'i" . See Soft, kind,
See Grind, coin.
tender, gentle, compassionate.
Mill-horse, *.
tidtsh
Mildly, Jjk-Jô bikol Mm.
tuhun.
Mildness, *L- î?. See Gentle Millepedes,
iimm â
ness, clemency, compassion, ten
^r*>Jj umm arbiat wa arbiîn.
See Centipede.
derness.
Mile, . J-/ /. A mile-stone, Miller, *. ^Ls*1 tahhan.
ntltmf;, Millesimal (the thousandth), j*>-\j
&j\^ manardh.
^ wahid min al alf.
Milfoil, \3i barbarii.
Million, . c,-!. tniihjtt/i .
MIX
707
MIN
Mill-stoue, . ja-iy^S" hajir at- Mine, V. ^^-' nahui,

tuhun.
See Dig, sap, undermine.
Mill-wheel, *. ^yj-LkJIt-jSjO Miner, *. ^.X^ muhandis.
dul&b attahun.
Mineral, o-^*< ma^darii. Mineral
Milt, *. Jls^ fc'AaZ. See Spleen.
juice, ,j_\*-_-^ j-fl.w/- ma^danl.
A. mineral, Â*-* ma^dan. See
Mimic, mime, mimer, s. jJjl* muMetal.A
mineralist, ^J\*^lj J U
Icattid. See Imitator, buffoon.
'.filiin bil ma-.adin.
[mctc.adin.
Mimic, inimical, ^jJju taklldl.
^- c
^lm al
Mimically, jjjhl I <ij>-^j biwajh Mineralogy,
attaklld.
Mingle, v. laLiSee Mix.
Mimic, i. JJJ kallad.
[tion.
*dr
(to be mixed),
Mimicry, xA> tattld. See Imitamakhlid.
Mince, . (cut small), *ji faram.
Minister, s. (of state) jijy wazir
Mind, A. L-vri- khdtir, j~*^ damlr,
(plnr. Ijjj wuaara). The prime
Jlj bal, JAC ta^, ^Li /tfcr.
minister, Jis^l^Jj!! aZ wa%ir al
Haying an enlightened or enlarged
a^zam ; (an agent), (J-j wai-f?,
mind, adj. i_Jji-J!j^ munawwar
j dytJ ; (a Christian priest),
al Italb.
[intalah.
ihammiii (plur. it*u*U-2i
Mind, v. (mark, attend to), <UsJ\
shamunuat'). The ministers of
Minded (inclinable), <^\* m&yil.
state, <L!_j jJI^Lcl a^ydnaddawlat,
See Desirous.
Mindful, ,j\j wflfi, <Lcu^f w/i'/i//( . See Attentive.
iljJiUKj wukala addawlai. The

ministers or plenipotentiaries of
both sides, ^-.j-lallilSj urukalu
Mindfulness, if^n lasirat. See

attarafln. To minister, i*tX>khadam.
Attention, regard.
Mindless, Jjlc ghufil. See Inat Ministry, ministration, <tJk_rx.
tentive, careless.
\mdll.
khidmat. See Service, office.
Mine (possessive pronoun), ^t
Ministry (dignity or office of
Mine, . (of metals) ^J*^ ma^dan
ministers of state), ihUj uMMtarat.
(plur. ^jU^ OTfl^drfow). A mine
(dignity of prime minister),
watdrat al
dug under fortifications, xl lughm
7l8
MIX
The ministry, JUjtiH
arkiln
addaidat, A:\-i LuM^
ark&n
MIS
Miracle, *.
Miracles, d
assaltanat.
ô/oyji,
Minium, yLsTJ zanjtfr,
See Sign,
n. See Red lead.
wonder.
[Wonderful.
Minor,
asyhar. See Less. Miraculous,
See
(petty), .-**.; saghlr ; (under age), Mirror, .
miraat (plur. W-
baligh.
Minor, *. (one under age), ^
Mirth,
<rur,
inbisat,
masarrat, (La safd,
saghlr assin. The minor pro
position of a syllogism,
lahjat, jifarah, ~\&\ ibtihaj.

See Merriment, gaiety, cheerful
ness, gladness, joy.Mirthful,
Minority (the smaller number),

jkdi\ âdad al asghar; (being
masrur. See Merry.
under age), ûJUirf mghr assin. Misacceptation,
khayul
latil.
[al muwafakai.
Minstrel. See Musician. Min
Misapplication,
strelsy. See Music.
Mint (plant), cU*j na^na^; (a place Misbecome, v. jUL* malak.
where money is coined), <*-?},& Misbegotten, li ; jj^ walad tfna.
<0lri- darb khana, ' _ *,-* M ,!j dur Misbehave, v. <U jl,JJj kallaladalaho.
addarb.
To mint (coin), ^_._; Misbehaviour, C-JOÂJLC

a darab,
.-JJ
Minute, . ~J J daktkat. A minute

(of time), is'*" lamhat, * \~*J
Idhtat. A minute (memorandum),
mtuamcadat. Minutely,
likol dikkat, (J-âiJ! Ic
j.cr/a' aitaftil. Minuteness, -_-_'
dikkat. See Exactness.(smallness), Jt*> fughr.
^rfa>
al adab.
Misbelief, ^jJUj^c tadam addln,

LC âdam al Iman, *,xc
dam ali^tikad,jS^kufr.
See Impiety, incredulity.A mis
believer, jl kufir. See Infidel.
Miscalculate, -v. c-.-l^LltiLLcJ^
Carnal ghalat fI al hisub.
Miscarriage (the unhappy event of
an undertaking), -Wr1.* JLC
709
MIS
MIS
najah; (abortion), L-U_-' Mat, Miserable (wretched), J-!j saft/,

^ja tirh,
iskat al
or
janin.
shakl.
Miscarry, ;. u^t- b tirhat,
bikolmaskanat,
Miserably, <
Miscellaneous,
mutajarrik,
kjLsr* makhlut,
shikdwat. See Unhappily, wretch
edly.
A miscellaneous multitude,
Misery, miserableness (wretched
ness), J J ::.'//, <LJLu>* maskanat,
Miscellany, s. Acj^sr"* majmuiat.
Mischance, 5b bald, Lsii ///<;, <L&1 j
duhiyat.
L i/d (plur. Ul- balaya), i.U-i

shakau>at,jU fukr.
See Adver
Mischief,jj*> darar, lj^ mudarrat.
sity, misfortune.
See Injury, hurt, harm, evil.
Misfortune, 5L /"'. LaJI
Mischievous, -j^ mudirr,
dahiyat, .C nakbat.
mttfsid, j -1 sJiarlr. See Hurt Misgovernment, *i-^'
ful, pernicious.(malicious), ^J^
alhukm. See Mai-administration.
radl. See Malevolent, spiteful. Misguidance, ^^y lîLJLc dalulat
Mischievously, it\<3jtjJ*J/j likol
&
eharrin wa raddwat.
Misguide, .-. î.; ghath.
Misconception, *i~i sahu, '- ghalat, Misinformation, jjLjy-jiy..^ khalar
cJljjl/JkS . i'. i'i',it idrule. See
ghayrsddik, c_JJo^>- khabarkidi.
Misjudge, r. t_j'.^:!'o*.C^l.. md
Mistake, misconstruction.
Misconduct, l_s-*jl,t_ty -- suliik radi.
hakam bit satoab.
Mislike, r. i_=>-l. md />;/-, See
See Misbehaviour.
Misconstruction, /JoL.'.'jj^j.-J' +_\-:
Dislike, disapprove.
Mismanage, . -.i^^Ûjtll^^p-l
iadam tawflk al kalam.
.'.0' <*/>"' a/ :i'n/i'f -in ghayr
Misdeed, misdemeanor, i_-jj z?i////,
U^-^ I, In'! -I, aLa-lJ kabuhat.
See
Crime.
Miser, . (J-^s-7 i>akMlt ^. ."
khasls, -lAar^ skuhlh.
tadbir.
[attadbir.
Misprision,^l_;i_i.l ihtik&r.
Contempt, scorn.
See
MIS
710
Misproportion, v,
MIT
Mi'nno khat&,jfaiistâs>- hatal
munatabat fi
mitmo kugur, ~^\ tall, laLc ghelet.

See Err, blunder, mistaken.
Misrelate, misrecite, misreport, .
Mistake, K. Ikrs. khata, .;_; xaAu,
(relate inaccurately and falsely).

See Misrepresent.
Misrepresent, .
i^-is kusUr, LLc ghalat, LjLc sakat,

ilj #. See Error, blunder,
misconception.
ma khalbar al maddat Mistaken, ^Lkl-c ghaltan,

mislmahl,
tawtear Mistaking, (//. .,l_lilJ: ghaltan.
takrlraho.
Mistakingly,
biwajh
Misrepresented,
khalar
agsahu, ' .^_;
Id lahhat laho.
Mistake, ?,
7;sn/ mi'nMisrepresentation,
-.inn nl filialut.
See Miscalculate, misrepresent.
See Misinformation.
Mistell, . See Misrepresent.
Miss, r. (the mark)
Mistress, *. kj^; *t', ^y U- khiitun.
akhta' al nlihan.
4.
Miss, *. (Io8s
See
Want, afoo error, mistake.
Missal (mass-book), JL*-- wd?,
See Lady.The mistress of a

family, Li~-Jl<L-L! gilhibat al
bayt ; (a sweetheart, aho concu
bine), <U.L> tShibat, 4jyLji*
ma^shukat, L^^s.-^ mahlulat,
<<;<;? halllat.
[suspicion.
ûljLsllt__>l^ Md4 al kiddas.

Mission, JL)j^ artf?, i!L^ risulat.
Missive,
nl irsal. Mistrust. See Distrust, diffidence,
Misunderstanding, *. rt_iJlsr >A missive, . J'u_- c risalat.
khulafat, <L_c;l_i_<
Misspend, . ( money},j^^
~*~i kharaj tntn cjhtiyr m&s.nn'.
Sec Waste, dissipate.
Missy (a sulphate of iron), \j
.~^_-- \ -i'[i akhdar.
Mistake, v. \ .VrS. A.
ikhttldf,
ittifak, &&\y+c.
misconception, error.
faa/ Mite, * (insect)
MOC
711
Mithridate (medicine),
misrodatet.
MUD
,-.,- mutawwar,
Counterfeit.
Mock, mockery (derision) tl
See
Mitigate, v. ^.jjLI layyan,

lataf, îi hadda'. See Soften,
iitihza. See Eidicule, scorn.
[tatkin.
mollify, moderate.
Mitigation, iîLi-Sr' takhfif, ^.^
Mocked,
maskharah,
. kl> khalat.
Mocking,
Mixed, SsjLsr* makhlut,

mamzuj. An animal of a mixed
Mockingly, 'u-^
*\\j-&=^ tahkiran.
breed, *~-j* murakkal.
Mode, i ,^
Mixture, mixtion, ^ \ <- khalt,
(plur.
ikhtilat.
manwal, (J
Moan, c. _li nuh. See Groan,
grieve, mourn.
Moan, *. &^-y naichat, \L> baJta, or
biku. See Lamentation, groan.
Moat, t. (ditch round a town, castle,
etc.) JjiXs=U khandak.
utihta,
asallb),
tarik,
-.ai.. See Manner, method,

fashion, habit, custom, form, ap
pearance ; gradation.A musical
mode, /lL* makdm.
Model, . i_JL; ///*, i.A; kadwai
Mob, *. ,U-Jjl itdiham; (a tu

multuous rout), A^jjilnat. See
or i-^wa^, ii*^ w<wiAa<. See

Copy, pattern, example, standard,
Crowd, riot.
mould.
Mobile, mobility, /*Wc âwam, \*^ Moderate (not excessive), Jjcyt*
(j*Q\ tttiriiiii annSi. See Mob.
Hitt-Jadil, ^--'j "- - i/uitiitctmiiil.
Mock, v. (deride), 1_L_c;_i*'*'*J
Moderate in temper, *Aa> hallm,
tamaskhar cfl/a',i^sLculXs:<*' dehek
fola'. See Laugh at, ridicule,
mimic.(to elude), ,Jijc taâllal.
Mock (not real), ^J>-1&J' talMi,
miiaddab. See Tempe

rate, mild.Moderate weather,
lulled iiitlittu/H.
Moderate, r. io~-; dabat. See Go-
MOD
MOI
712
vern, rule, restrain. (to pacify,

ii; (not unchaste), Jbllr tuhir,
*
\
Afcl
;
z5^W. See Chaste.
still, quiet), ^Jii hadda' ; (to
make temperate), J.v -. *<& Modestly (not presumptuously),
âmalaho mu-.tadil.
<U*i-v7 bihishmat.
Moderately (mildly), (Jj>-tJj bikol Modesty, L>- âya, jljj toakar,
hiltn; (with temperature),
f-*\f tateadu^; (chastity), i,il$S?
(JLv.-....!-.! bikol i^tidal,
tahdrat, &AC. ttffat.
mu^tadilan (in a middle degree),
*.
Vj
Modification, i_.-~^J tarklb, (J-
^jk-ullLîA) bidarajatalwasta' .
Moderateness, Jljocl i^ttdal. See
tashikll. A~L$ kayfiyat. ^.-,
Temperatencss.
Modify, 0. (form), u-i kayyaf.
Moderation (calmness of temper),
See Shape, form.(to moderate),
djllJ latafat, J*\-&\J(-~-A-\S\
J Jcjt* itlf i a,a < i IK l,n
mu^tadil.
itmtnan alkhdtir, t_l3J^ irudf,

Sec Temper.
<LcLj._i kanaât ; (forbearance,
Modifiable, modificable, Jj Axil 1 Jj Is
lenity), ^stC tahammal. Mo
kdbil attOid/l.
deration in expense, J'jc-cil
mumkin attaghylr.
4__>jiyu3J^-,j^.'lj al iifidul bil
Modulate, v.
rattab al
Jtharaj \aal masr&f, '_ nl-.U^.yg
it!' mi',
nasam annagh <!,!,,i attain/.
mah.
Moderator, . JJ^ mudabbir, ^^>Modulation,
naghmat,
hukim, .__'_V m&addib.
ffhina,
Modern, J^J^- jadld. See Late,

recent, new. The moderns, Mohammed, properly
(the founder of the Muhammadan
..,' jt-li--*]! // mutaakhkhirin.
o_/
religion), AJS" muhammad.
The language of the moderns,
Moiety,
^.g.j.i nasf. See Half.
,..j .s-li_^.Jl ..LJ /ja al mu^..^
i^
taakhkhirin.
Modest (bashful), *,-. ^^ muhtashim ;
Moist (humid), ^-^j releb.
See
"Wet, damp.
Moisten, p. c_~Jri
_ -x rattab.
mftaddnb, _^j.u.. rnuta- Moistened, ,Ji~-' mutalallil, J^
(not arrogant nor impudent),
MOM
713
mablal. To be moistened,
anbal.
\_miiballil.
Mt list CHIT, . (Jib balU, or Jl~*
MON
In a moment, ^^cA-i^L ^ /i
tarfat %in. Every moment, ^
<U.Jj hit dafakat. From this
moment, (j31^ ' aân.

Momentary, ^j^j toai^z, ^jli /df,
See Fleeting.
Mole, . (animal), jl=. J-Mrf (plur.
Momentous,
+-*
muhim,
khildan). A mole on the
darHri. A momentous affair,
skin, JUi- khal. A mole (dike),
/*;;' amr muhim.
j>-\*- hajiz.
Monarch, . cl.^L malek.
Molest, v. ^jLiJij nakkad âla1,
Monarchal, monarchical, ,_^-)
Hi zalam, L_JJO âzzai. See
mulukl, (JLk-Lj sultanl. See
Disturb, trouble, vex.
Regal, imperial.
Molestation, ^JJu^J' tasdii, i_p,AC
Monarchy, *. <L^_L^ mamlakat,
talcllf, ,iL- -)'/,, * gham. See
i_ilaLi Kit/in,ml, .,_!.j dawlat,
Vexation.
u__ .1. /,(.'//-. See Kingdom.
Molester, *. <j>^y muzl.
Monastery, . jJ J rfayr. The head
Mollify, 0. ^X! layyan, i_> Ai hadda'',
of a monastery,^.) jJl^^J i rayyet
See Mitigate, soften, assuage,
addayr. See Abbot.
pacify.Mollification, ^^.-.L-j Monastic, monastical, .-J 1...... ?^
talyin. See Mitigation, soften
.
A monastic life,
Moistness, moisture, ^J^) rutubat,
ijljij naddwat. See Humidity.
ing.A mollifier, ^^L. mulayyin,

Mollified, (jijJ-* mulayyan.
Molten (^>r<. â*. of melt), <
ruhbanyat. Monastically,
mujib l.-itn'fi .i/l 11 hi addayr.
Monday,
,., j-.'J '',_)
yawm
al
Moment (importance),
atnayin.
rural,
dururiyat. See Money,
Consequence, weight, value.
(plur.
A moment of time, <S*s~ lamhat,
darahim.
See Coin, specie;
wealth,
riches.Ready
money,
lahat, LJLJJ daMat,
tarfat ^l
^-jJU na<?7, J^sj nuiiirf.
To
MON
714
MON
Monocular, monoculous (one-eyed),

buy with ready money,
i*c\ a^/war (fern. U^c tatrra.)
A&Jlj iihtara' bil nakd. Money
Monogram,
JytL toghrS. See Cipher.
paid in advance, L_ol..i salaf. To
lend money, |_A^ kard. See Monopolist, . "jJ_. multasim. To
monopolise, J[i?-l ihtakar, fj^\
iltaiam.
(plur. i__JL/ mabaligfi). Any Monosyllable,*. iJka-^^sf l^-jdJ^
TcalimatflhS. tahjiyat tcahidah.
place where money is spent,
Monotony,
^.jk.J^s /arrf ZaAn.
masraf. Earnest money,
ra^bun. To change Monsoon, *. (probably an European
corruption of *-.- mawsam, ' a
money, uj^ %araf. A. money
season.')
changer, i_*\ _-L- sarraf. See
Banker.A money-bag, (j^f_ Monster, .
+&\ji} ku dar&him. Sec Purse. Monstrous, ^.û^^ mamtukh,
sakhta. See Strange, wonderful ;
Moneyed, ls^jV_ - **-' -" sahib
Lend.To pay money, ,_J) tcafa'.
A sum of money, O* mablagh
dar&him.
See Ilich.
irregular, enormous ; shocking,

hateful. Monstrously, f c ^_>
Moneyless, (_/-!- muftis. See Poor.

-î' .,r._ i1^ lii /tatCi-iit hlidrij
Monger, cQ layya^. See Dealer,

seller.Fishmonger,
bayyac. gamak.
Monitor, *. ^*'' ndsih,
mumir, laclj n-r< ,,':.
[naath.
Monitory (giving admonition), Û

Monk, s. t-^J6î rahib (plur. ^V^'
r,"v' /"//;), \ju~".S Tuusli. To make
a monk, t_r^5^<U-y msamaho
rahib. To become a monk,
t_-J!i irtatam rahib.
Monkey, *. ^^..^ maymun,
*'i-.d<~in. See Ape.
Month, j g-,1 AaAr (plur. i.ii

shu/iur}, ,$>\ ashhur. The end
of the month, ^^ll^T diAtr
asfahahr, g-*-^t_ -<* t.X4 */;shahr. The first ten days of a
month, jjjljl ateayil. The second
ten days of a month, L__:U
atcasit. The last ten days of a
month, f>-\j\ (Hoakhir. From
month to month, î^jll^-i^^
nt *AAr 7d' shahr. Every
month,
Z>j kol shahr. A
MOO
715
MOR
month's mind, Ji^_u_. hasrat, Moor, . (a ship),

j\-]az.-j\ intizdr. See Longing
Z markab ; (to he fixed or sta
desire.
tioned), ^j-y raia'. The moor
Monthly, adj. s/_î thahrl.
ing place of a ship,
Monthly pay, $ysl_jl* mushd- Moot point, . (doubtful case), !L*i>
harat, <U&L* mdhiyat.
kadiyat mushkalat, j-*\
Monument, *. (memorial), j^j^J>\
aw mushkal.
[mash.
asar mashhur, ilc âldninl. A Mop, *. û*^-lLilj>- junfusat al
monument for the dead, iXi- Mope, t>. (to become stupid, dull,
markad (plur. jJil marakid),
sad), J^-ol Mahal.
Ajji turbat, *jA* maklarat, j~3 Moral, ^jpl a<?il, ^Jb âi-ft.
kabr. See Tomb.
Moral, mirality, morals, ^jiei-1
Mood (state), <3l- hdlat, (Jl>- Adi;
akhlak, C.î..i suluk, L-J\J\ dddb,
(state of mind), ^Lls'lt_c.. iay/
oJ khatir. See Mode, state, style.
(anger),
ghadab ; (a
ijLyjl insaniyat, iiUal latafat.

See Manners.The science of
morality, jiU-^1J_e îlm al
style of music), *l_L makatn

akhlak.
(plur. LutUL makdmut).
Moralist, s.
Moon, s.j*j kamar. The new moon,
\j too
,JSjS lui/iif. The new moon when
drffi,
just appearing, JH^>1 tstihlal.

? akhlak.
The full moon, ^ ladr. The Morbid, morbose,
change of the moon, _Ji!l J^l*See Distempered, diseased.Mor
Jndul al kamar. Like the moon,
bidness, morbosity, ijij* marad.
j*j&\ <Ji+ mill al kamar,j^\ Ji^
See Disease.Morbific' (causing
'/ a/ tadr. The full moon of
distemper), tj^y*^ mumrid, ,
religion (a proper name), jjj
maradi.
^jjjJl badr addln.
More, ifjUj ziyddat, j\ akwr,
Moonlight, moonshine, ^.-ftJl^j
~sj fadlan. See Greater.To
#..
(/</?(' / katnar.
Moon-stone, Ji!!
/^/V//- allamar.
add more, j!j zdd. See Augment.

To give more, i jbj iisl atta'
716
MOE
MOS
ziyddal. More necessary,
(extreme, violent),
awjab, >' alzam.
See Vehement.
sJtadid.
Moreover, c.
Mortal, .
Morigerous, ^J.Us <ay*V.
Mortality, Li far.a, ,Jr>-l ajal, <^-?y*
dient.
See Obe
[mubakkir.
Morning, a. ^-L*> sabdhi, _

Morn, the morning, . -^c ...'/,
matot.
HUM.
See Death, destruction.
A great mortality, ^f. Us taûn,

bj teabd.
See Epidemical dis
Early in the
temper. (human nature), t--UU
morning, KJ ,lc âla' btdra. In
attablât al bashariyat,
_1--- salah.
f^
the morning,
wo maw.
ail
LJS\_ subhan.
Good morning,
_Lo iA alkliayr.
The
hdwan.
a. morning, lr..g"..J istiftah. See
^t~o tin.
morning
star,
katckab assubh.
[mumU.
Mortally, v__,_,^ c ^j it ;,nii--.in

*'
* C.-'^
Mortar, . (for pounding), j^yUh
first money received for goods in
Handsel. The
attabiiat al
imaniyat.
Morning and evening,
Mortar (for building),

See Cement, plaster.
Mortification (gangrene), <d$l akileh;

(self-denial),
Morose, ^JJu if?, (jwî sharis.
annafs, . ,j-'' amdtat,
Morrow(To),^Ju:yA(wfoA. To-morrow
Lsli i riyddat.
night, Ijui'dJ laylat ghadeh.
See Abstinence,
humiliation ; (vexation, affront),
Morse (sea-horse), ^sJljjkuî faras Mortify, . ilsr LuS itwor alkhdtir ;

(to be abstemious), i'Ll,j^ carnal
al lahr.
Morsel, *. (mouthful), <Uiii lukmeh,
(L+& lukmat (plur. Ji! lukam).

In morsels, <t*i! A*_al lukmeh
lukmeh.
Mortal (deadly), JjU /!:u<7,
amdtat; (to discourage, affront).

Û', a/c< . ,<
See Depress, humble.
Mosque, .v. (Muhummadan temple).

LXjs*"'* maijad. Thegreatmosque,
^l?- jami^. The two mosques
miMik, ^_-,_- _-*, i/iumlt.
See
Deadly, destructive.(suhject to
of Mecca and Medina,

almasjaddn.
/? ; (human), Moss (of any kind),
death),
MTater-moss,
bashari,
WMUKI ;
:-//itnna.
tahlab.
MOT
MOV
717
al mut-
Most, j\ ahar. For the most

part, mostly, jl\ alakiar, LJLc
harrikah.
ghdliban. Most noxious, j& Motive, .
j ~i! ' /<".// adderar.
..j sabab,
.. in i'jib,
-if/a/. See Cause.

Moth, . .^_-._: susat, ^*.~ -.if.
wcuitah,
""
i
)
naksh,
.. ..^ -.nit'',ii i.
Mother, s. /' mm, *JJ)_j toalidah. Motto, .
A wife's mother, AU>- hamat.
The motto on a seal or ring,
*J'',--^ ^.ioJ naksh khdtim.
A step-mother (father's wife),
tMil!
amraat aldb, diLi. Move, p. (give motion to anything),
j
khdleh. The mother of a family,
t-'-i ,. ,n<Ua-Lg sUhibat albayt.
cJ;^- harrak. To move (<ran*.),

taharrak. Unable to move,
p-i! Za harakat laho. To
move (propose), ^f- ârad. See
See Mistress.Mother of pearl,

i__sJus gadaf, ^jljjr^ -<fk lulu.
The mother of oil, etc., LZ.
To make a motion.(to make
takar antayt. Motherhood,
melancholy), ^jJj-i sawdan.
ummiyat. Motherless, -*
Moveable, As^k-l^^Lv* mumkin al
malaho umm. Motherly,
harakat, cJ^V. yutaharrak, î\j
mid al umm.
zuyil. See Eemovable. Not
movable, LSji*.\ ^jL^j+L ghayr
Motion, K>f>- harakat ; (a proposi
mumkin al harakat, C-J^st^-J
tion in a public assembly), r"r8J
takrlr, <LjJLJ takdimat, <U-=J>
ghayr mutaharrik.
Moveable-
kadiyat, ^-^ madia',

matlab. To make a motion,
ness, L^j^.\^L! imkan al

harakat. Moveably,
mutharrik. Movement,
harakat, tlXiâT tahrlk. See
Motion.
of the pulse, (>>^3-Jli;- harakat
Moved, oJ^-sx* mutaharrik.
annabt.
Motionless, A
malaho harakat, Mover, *. cJ^-s^ muharrik ; (a pro
poser, persuader), ,_jU|JJL tMotive (giving motion),
kaddim ray. A mover of mis
muharrik. The motive powers,
chief or sedition,
i kadiyat.
The motion
MOU
718
muharrik al fitnat,
muharrik al fasad.
[harrik.
Moving, movent, part. cJ^s" muMould, *. t_-Jlj kalib.
Mould, v. (form) i__JlJf J^ Carnal
kalib.
MOU
tariui. Clefts in moun jj *tains, ^yt-3 tughur. A mount
(little hill), JJ <a?; (plur. Jij
/'//.'. Mount Sion, ^yê^^>jabal sahyun. Mount Sinai, .lr
/ / sind. Gibraltar,
Mouldable, u_JjJbj yatakawlab.
attarik.
Moulded, c_JyU mukawlab. See Mountain (found on or belonging to
Formed.
[Maker.
mountains), .jl^- jaball, Îu-
Moulder, . c-Jyi* mukawlib. See
waAtAi. See Wild.A moun
Moult v. (shed or lose feathers),
taineer, ^+>- jaball.
kat, rlshaho.
Mountainous, \^>- jaball.
Mound, *. Jh_> ninlil. To mound or Mourn, v. ^J-^- hezen, '__ -^ ~
fortify with a mound, Ju--,J_?
taassaf, t_îsr nahab. See La
Carnal sadd, (jâss^^: Carnal
ment, grieve. (wear mourning),
tahtln. See Fortify.
jlje^Jf^^puJ lebes al hidad, ^'<s*Mount, v. (go up) Jix-e sit.nl,
hezen.
futi--. ; (to raise up), .J i rafa^. Mourned,<ulv_J<L/. mublea' âlayhi.
To mount on horseback, L-^C .
See Regretted.
. See Horseback.To mount Mourner, *. \j miyih,
or rise in price, ^jLc ghalla'. To
See Lamenter.A company of
mount (embellish clothes, etc.,
female mourners, bEJu> \j>
natawahat.
with ornaments) (JUj nakash,
Mournful, ^.j*- hazin, /j--*<
jjo tarraz.
Mountain, mount, s. ^^- jabal
maghmum, ^Jsr^ mdhzun. See
(plur. JU>- jilaT). The top of
Melancholy; sorrowful.
a mountain, J 'rÛM\,' r"* Mournfully, mourningly, ,_cj$j
/<//"/ ijlitini, Mournfulness, *
ayabal. See Summit, top.From
mountain to mountain, (Jr^Tc/*
^J-r*- ,11 nn jabal ila' jabal. A
path or pass between mountains,
ffham, J! alam, _^j nawh, (.^!iu~n. See Lamentation, sorrow,

grief.
MUD
719
MTJL
Mourning habits, jl j>- hid&d.
(full of mud),
Mouse, a. Sj\}farah (fern. pi. C

farat), ^Lj/Irdw. A mouse
trap, ^j~i i 'V^* masyadatfiran.
Muddy water, jLxsi\* ma muâkkar, \>j*s?*\st ma makhbat. To
Mouth, . .J /MM (pi. *Uj! afmam,
To muddy or make muddy,
become muddy,
taâkkar.
afa&h. Belonging to the

mouth,
umml. The mouth Mufti (the first law officer among
or orifice of the stomach,
.j
the Muhammadans), .^Lt mufti.
/am rni^dat.
[laho fumm. Mug, *. j kuz (plur.J^l akwas).
Mouthed (having a mouth), i<d
See Cup.
Mouthful, s. <UJi! /w/brce or lukmat. Mulberry, s. dJjj tut. A. wild
Mow, . (cut down), hVar*. hasad.
mulberry, ^sjjtlJjj tut larrl.
Mower, s. iA*v* /a7>/</.
Mulct,
&*>.J*- jarlmat,
<Lt\j.
ffharamat. A mulct for murder

Much, ^..1^ A<Mtr, j3\j wafir, jj
or bloodshed, <L;J diyat.
ffhaslr. Much time,
zaman kailr. Little or m uch, JJj Mulct, v.
aram.
[bighul.
;a toir. Much rain, Mule, *. J*j bayhi. Mules, Jl
matar kailr.
How Muleteer, s. JUu laghghal,
much ? J* leant. Very much,
katirjl, ^j^* mukari.
tj\Mbighayat, \<\^-jiddan. Much Mullein, (plant), s-'J^
the same (equal in quantity,
addub.
value, influence, etc.), (JjAc. Multangular, L-;!^^^ katlr
iadil. See Equal.
[mukhat.
asssutwaya, ^j\Jal\j^, katlr al
Mucus (snot of the nose),
atraf.
Mud, ij-L <?, J-3-j waAZ.
Multifarious, multiform,
: - ^
Mud, >. (bury in the mud),

katlr alaahkiil.
j^jJalb tamar littln.
Multilateral, ' . 'j '- . \i;~<^ katlr
Muddiness, ylc fco^:ar, ^J^ kadar.
ajjuniib.
[ismu.
See Foulness, turbidness.
Multinominal, V^J^]
katlr al
Muddy (turbid),^J&~i mutakaddir; Multipliable, multiplicable,
MUM
MUR
720
Mûndane (belonging to the world/,
mumkin addarl, k
i/ii
.,'i
dunyavrt,
Multiplicablcness,
imkan addarl.
Multiplicand, i'.-J
al mad- Municipal,
rulflhi.
Munificence, ills-5 takhatoat,
Multiplication, j takatw,
jud, Isr* satha. See Liberality.
ad-.df. See In Munificent, ^-^ takhl, 4\jf2>taktlr, i
crease.Multiplication in arith
jatcwud, *j^ karlm. See Li
metic, <_jjd\ addarl.
beral, generous.
Multiplicity, ^l t/ru<,
Munificently, A^jSjli-'Jw likol
ziyddat.
kasirat,
sakhutcat tea karam. See Libemttdaâf,
Multiplied,
[port.
rally, generously.
Hiutmayid ; (in arith Muniment. See Fortification, supmetic), i^jtja* madrub.
Munition, J^-i-J zakhayir. See For
Multiplier, . ^- mukattir ; (in
tification, ammunition.
arithmetic), t-^-i* mudarrib.
Mural, J"*-."- Ay<t.
Multiply, . (cause to increase), Murder, Jî ia<Z. Self-murder,
j^ kattar, jlj zarf, t_icLj duâf.
(jakiJIJiJJ iaW annafs. A mulct
To multiply arithmetically, t-^-J
for murder, jb far. See Mulct.
rforai ; (to multiply or be multi
Battle and murder, Jlxsjc-jy*.
plied),^^ keter,j~j\*o tar katlr.
Jiarb ica kited.
Multitude, sj katrat. A multi Murder, v. JsJi /ta<Z. See Kill.
tude,
- jamîyat. A. great multi
tude, -.i^_^- jam^ katlr.
Multitudinous, JÂc .adld.
Murdered, Jji*- maktul, ,JiAi^

munkatil, w-_ â^<J (fern. <QrJi
katilat, plur. ibJi kutalil).

See Murderer, . Jj'U
i ktt<ll.
Numerous, manifold.
Mumbler, . J^JL^.t munalcnik,
A self-murderer,
nafsaho.
JUJb^ mutakimkam. See Mnt- Murderess, . ^L'lji katilat.

terer, grumbler.
Murdering, ^>ar<. Jj'lj k&til.
Mummy, . L.4. inu,,i,,'i.
Murderous, JLJy kattul,
MUS
MUS
721
safik addamd. See Bloody,
sical instruments,
cruel.
A musical tone, note, or mode,
Murmur (complaint),
u makam. Musical notes,
CÛlJU itnil;ii !'!. A musical
shakdyat ; (confused noise),
hni'L'i .nl. The murmur of a
air, ' > haica, >UxJ naghmat. See
i
"*
crowd, (UxLc jilii' I;ili nlill, ''.-^-~
Air, song.
[alatl.
dayat.
Musician, . i^Jy nawbatl, tj$\
Murmur, . (complain), î_j Musk, i_lXu*_x musk. Turcoman
musk, (Jl ^ (j "L,^ - miw^
tashakka' ,J*JAJ tamamw, *LisH
takamkam.
[mutashakkl.
turkmanl. Perfumed with musk,
i^Xu4w mumassak. A dealer in
Murmurer, *.
musk,
',' C...^.f.l"i t,,t,/,/'~,, musk.
Murrain, . cyli
al liaywanut.
Musket, . *Jiylj barude,
bundikiyeh.
Muscle, *. (of the human body),
<0.ar. -.iiiUnl (pi. (j?H^r. l
Musky,
Muscular, musculous, J-as t
Very muscular, Jâull^..^
al âdl.
See Gun.
Muslin, LJ
Mussulman, s. (Muhammadan be
liever), *\ ,...,>.,< muilim (plur.
^.j-^L^,* maslimin],
Muse, ^Cj _/?ir. See Thought.
Muse, v.jzj\ iftakar, J-l3 tUmmal. Must (to be necessary, obliged), ,iil
You must eat, ,_p \ i * (j
See Ponder, think, reflect.(to
tdkul. You must not eat,
be absent in mind),y=?l.SLSjLi
jlCjUl ghurikfi bahr al afkar. A
ji'Ui tnd luzim tdkul. We
must
do
what is good, v__^s-ll!^
muser, jc*i mutafakkir.
\\x_!_?, miii altodjib
Museum, *. Âsti\tjj~~ khaznat
altuhaf.
an nafâl al khayr.
Mushroom, s. to Icamd.
Mustaches, cJ^î shawdrib.
Music, Oiijj nawlat, UL-jj-* muslka.. Mustard, J<^>- khardal.
Musical, {JL^t,t muslkl A mu Muster, v. an army, ^jLouisî J^
sical instrument, <L<yJtci[j! ,//,//
;;/ yokluma c.ala' al
alnawbat. A performer on mu
âskar.
MUM
720
MIJR
mumkin addarb, -_,_;.>
Mundane (belonging to the world),

:''"'i ,;-'), ^-;~ dunyawi,
yunda-rib.
Multiplicableness,
dunydwl.
imkan addarb.
mudanl.
Multiplicand,
<zj mad- Municipal,
rub flhi.
sakhatoat, Jjj>Munificence,
Multiplication, y \&i takatur,
, Is-"
See Liberality.
taktlr, i_Ue\ ad-Jif. See In Munificent, ,5^"' tathl, J^_s>crease.Multiplication in arith
jawwud, *j^ iarJwt. See Li
metic, CT-:^ addarb.
Multiplicity, \s\j-J\ ifrilt,
beral, generous.
Mûnificently, *ji.lsr),Jj likol
kasirat, *jl>J ziyadat.

Multiplied, i__a_el_.3_^ mudaâf,
sakhaicat wa karam. See Libe[port.

rally, generously.
Muniment. See Fortification, supMunition, jls-O zakJwyir. See For
A_ih^ mutazayid; (in arith

metic), i_J.*i madriib.
Multiplier, s. j&* mukattir ; (in

tification, ammunition.
Mural, k;^ Jiaytl.
arithmetic), t_-.^L mudarrib.
Multiply, v. (cause to increase), Murder, ,Ji5 katl. Self-murder,
j kattar, Ci\j zad, i_icLe daâf.
(_/i*Aiil(JiJi katl annafs. A. mulct
To multiply arithmetically, c-^s
for murder, J3 tar. See Mulct.
darab ; (to multiply or be multi
Battle and murder,
plied), î keter,j,z&j\*a sur katlr.
harb tea kital.
katrat. A multi Murder, v. ii katal. See Kill.
Multitude,
Murdered,
maktul,
tude, _*
p- jamîyat. A. great multi
munkatil,
katil (fern.
tude, j*^*-*^ Jam-c katlr.
icutalu).
katllat, plur.
Multitudinous, iX;Ac tadid. See Murderer, s. JjlJi kiitil, (Jci kattul.
Numerous, manifold.
A. self-murderer, <UuijJj'U kdtil
Humbler, . j;.v_-'. munaknik,
nafsaho.
*JUJb^* mutakimkam. See Mut- Murderess, s. <ill'U katilat.
tcrcr, grumbler.
Mummy, -.. '.-.-
Murdering, part. ,Jjl5

Murderous, JLi; kattul,
MUS
721
LjJ\ gufik addama. See Bloody,

cruel.
Murmur (complaint), <L_>Ii
shakayat ; (confused noise), djoyi
MUS
sical instruments, oV
A musical tone, note, or mode,

*Uu* mak&m. Musical notes,
makamdt. A musical
karkaât. The murmur of a
air, \> /--(f ,"'!7, <Uju naghmat. See
Air, song.
[aJotfz.
crowd, *JjLc. ghalghalat, &s?
dayat.
Musician, . iJ^J wawidif, <J$\
Murmur, t>. (complain), ^ *. 3 Musk, uX>M-^* mzwA. Turcoman
musk, (Jl ^ ^ "iC-C-'-r "'>'/'tashakka' , f*f*j tamarmar, *&4Jii
takamkam.
[mutashakki.
turkmani. Perfumed with musk,
Murmurer, . ,/li *
Murrain, . i^-liW..^
LlXIvtw* mumassaL A dealer in

musk, ujC^cU; bayyu^ musk.
Musket, g. ij.,b larude, A~J<X<J
al haywanut.
bundikiyeh. See Gun.
Muscle, . (of the human body),
<LL -.ml/I'/ (pi. c^Lic -_>,,-/'it/ 1. Musky, i^**** muskl.
Muscular, musculous, Jîs c.a<??. Muslin, U-.Lffy* titZzd.
Very muscular, J-a!L,i^ katir Mussulman, s. (Muhammadan be

liever), J,^< muslim (plur.
al âdl.
^^Lu-* mttslimin}.
M\isc,jjjlkr. See Thought.
Muse, f.^JoJl iftakar, ^\j tummal. Must (to be necessary, obliged), /p!
Sec Ponder, think, reflect.(to
You must eat, Ji I_j' ,* i^l
be absent in mind), yxrjjjÛ
i-MZ. You must not eat,
j6jH\ gMrikfi bahr al after. A.
IL o tozm /.'.'/'w/. We
must do what is good, k..^- Ij! 1 ^j-*
muser,yli^ mutafakkir.
H^.Ai tt alwujib
Museum, . c_8'<i]ljja> khaznat
d an nafâl al khayr.
altuhaf.
Mushroom, s. Ui kamu.
Mustaches, t^,^ shawarib.
Music, iijj nawbat, l*-~-_. muxl^d. Mustard, J<-yi- khardal.
Musical, ^-t.-:^* mtm/fcz A mu Muster, . an army,
sical instrument, ..:-'...!' ,"//
^Cu-jJ! :;;/'(/ i/o '.inmil ^
al
aluawbat. A pcrforracr on inutiiskar.
MUT
722
MTR
Musty, jjjLjc* ma -.tiffin.
Musty Mutter, .
lakamkum,
bread, (iJA*<j.î. khuliz mu-uiffm.
tadammur. See Murmur.
Mutability, mutableness, *!_jJ,iXe Mutterer, . *LJbL/* mutakamkim,
c.<Z&a)tt dttW&fn, L " ** - ' 1 v ^ z{-'{/<frH
^jc^ mutadammir. Mutteringly,
sabat, j*J taghayyw. See Un
jsi3jj&j hi!;vl tadammur.
certainty.
Mutton, *_;-=. /(/(> ghanam,
Mutable, jl^Ji<UL mdlaho karar,
lahmdanl.
tuLjÎL. malaho tabat, jjJc**
Mutual, tlî*L miuhtarak,
mtttayhayyir, Jjlj zoyt7. See
Lie la^dihum ba^dan. Mutual
Inconstant, changeable.
consent, <Jh^>' tawafak. Giving
Mute, (jw/i-1 akhras. See Dumb.
mutual assistance, j(-H'V_v-Li
Mute property (in opposition
*iWMJ sdâdu ba^dihum ba^dan.
to live stock), i^-~L>JU mal
Mutually, tj^^^r -.:' ba^din
tiimit. Mute as a letter,
laba^d. Taking hands mutually,
eakin,
munjazim.
&s"La-< masafahat.
Mutilate, j^c. âwwar, L2-J sakkat.
Muzzle, . *j /. See Mouth.
Mutilated,
musakleat,
A muzzle (for a dog, hog, etc.),
* kaim. To muzzle the mouth,
Mutilation,
tawlr,
L_-~KJ I *j ALS' lajam fumm alkalb.
Mutineer, .
My, ^ 1; as My boy, ,_jjJj tealadi.
My house, Lji..> 4ay. My face,
Mutinous, ^jilj ioÂz, ^lli fattan,
JUA* mufsid, ê-Û cai. Muti
^S>-j waj'fu.
nously, ÛilsJ^j i'/;o; tuffhyan. Myrabolan (tree or fruit), ^rr-^

The yellow myrabolan,
Mutiny, û login, Lzj fitnat,
asfar.
Ûit tuffhyan, u\~o
Myrapolist, . (a seller of unguents
jLi fastid. See Sedition.
or drugs),
Mutiny, j>. ^jij bagha1',
âttar.
Carnalfitnat, â. iasl,
* murr,
/ murrsiifi.
Carnal fasdd. [Murmur, grumble.
Oil of myrrh,
mayât.
Mutter, p. JUiu takamkam. See Myrtle, s. (tree or fruit) (_,,! (is.
NAI
723
The wild or mountain myrtle,

i^ J {M \ ds bftrri.
Myself, .-uJJjUl ana nafsl.
NAM
To tear or scratch with the
nails, (J^*j~- kharmath. A nail,
spike of iron, etc.,jl**L* mitmar
masamlr).
Mysterious, mystic, mystical,
mukJifl. A mystical Nail,
tirrl, ^j
masmar,
signification,
Naked, âj- âry&n. See Bare.
"rLrirr.
ma^na' iitilahl.~"
(plain, clear, not hidden), j!tâ
Mysteriously, mystically, jA\j lillahir; (simple, mere), jj ' ^--r
Mystery, mysteriousness, mysticalmutlak.
ness, j~> tirr. Mysteries, j\j~>\ Nakedly
(without
covering),
asrdr. Divine mysteries, j\j~*\
j bilmakihuf; (plainly),
<L^!1 asrar tlahiyat.
s zuhiran ; (simply, merely),

mutlakan.
Name, ^1 MOT ; (title), k^s! lakab
N.
(plur. i-jlal! alku.1). To give a

N, in English, has an invariable
sound, excepting before g, where
the sound is nasal, as in king ; '
and after m, where it is almost
silent, as in ' condemn.' In Arabic
name (to a child), .'>-' samma'.

In the name of God, <.*wj
lismillahi. A surname (also a
title of honor), t_-Jil lakab (plur.
<_U1! alkal).
it is expressed by (.J.
tammd1 ; (to ap
Nadir (the point of the lower hemi Name, v.
point),
JJIPjaâl.
See Nomi
sphere, in opposition to the ver
nate, specify, mention, utter.
tical point zenith), -î nazlr,
Named,
musamma .
-k-.H annazir, <U-*J1.-laJ nazir
lilfi ism ; (not
Nameless, ^
aitmat.
famous),. i, tj~. ghayr tna^ruf.
Nail, *. (of the finger or toe), J&a
teufr (plur. j\Jt^\ atfdr, ^-iU! Namesake, .
azaflr}. The nail or nails of birds Namely,
mikhlal.
See Claw,
talons.
Jihutut, )j"Y~
summl.
; (particularly),
i, F
NAT
724
NAR
mustakillan, Nasal (belonging to the nose),

anfl,
1*11:- ii/j<tl/t/;<nt.
Ifasty,
f*) wusekh, (J^y-^j fdhish.
.ynawm. See Sleep.slumber.
khuaus, "&-JL-M*.^
Nastily, iiiWj^J bikol fahashat.

Nap, 0, |U ndm.
Nape (of the neck), lw ia/d.
See Obscenely.
Naptha (a bituminous substance), Hastiness, is-L;. tcasukhat, <!~Asf
kii no/K. Anointed with naptha,
najdsat. See Dirt, filth; obscenity.
Uo', naftl.
[nisrin. Natal, ,_$jJ^t mawladi. See Native.
Narcissus, (j^Tj1 narjis, ^j*^
The natal day, Jj!^ mawlud.
Narcotic (producing stupefaction),
See Birth-day, nativity.
_CMU^ muskir, *ii^ munayyim.
Nation, *. L,\ ummat, Oju^s tuyfat,
Nard (an odoriferous herb), ^.^
Z\~j kabilat. See People.
ndrdln.
(country), <JjX mulk,
w ** ..
Narration, narrative, *. <Uai kiaat,
mamlakat.
Li\.-a- hikdyat.
See History,
story, tale, relation.

Narrative (relating), ^> nakll.
Narrator, *. i^y\) raid, ^^ hflkl,
CjJcs^* muhaddis. See Historian,
story-teller.
Narrow (not broad or wide), J^J
National (public, general),

fumumi, *lc ûm, jAJa^ mutlak ;
(attached to one's country),
\fji\^__^^* muhib al watan.
Native, ^J-a\ asli, ^\J za. ' Na
tive country, ê^ watan. See
NaturaVoriginal.
[lud.
dayyik; (covetous), cUl> tarnmdi,

See Avaricious.A narrow pass, Native, *. ojJj baladl, J^!^. mawNativity, jJj* mawlad, jL- mllad,
Narrow, v. (j& dayyak.
Narrowly (without extent),
AQ..-.-P bikol dlkat.
iSl3 waladat. See Birth.The

nativity of Jesus Christ, îL*
^^JU y*j mil/id yasuâlmasih.
Narrowness, ,& jj'ijj killat alitird

(avarice), (3^-? bukhul ; (want o
Natural (according to nature), iJ^J
capacity), JJu!\*Jkfi {_arfa a/

LaW.
; (easy, unaffected),
ti. Natural instinct, /--l=! ^
725
NAV
NEA
attabiâl.
A natural inclination, Nauseate, v. tabân, "\L-_JiJ
mukarrif.
4eio/ karaf.
Nauseously,
zdtiyan.
Naturalness, <U-.Ja tablet, C^lj Nauseousness, i_J karaf.
zdf. See Nature. (easiness), Nautical,
mansub laeafar al bahr.
j'^j tarafat, i_J
Navy, s. iij^f^lf îmurat bahriyat.
Nature,
tabiât,
See Fleet.
Nay, 3 la*\*\ aslan. See No.
(plur.
magJirab,
misaj. See Con

stitution, disposition. (sort), Neap (tide), ^>- jazr.
j^p*i>- /, t y naw^, f**j kiim. Near (not far off, at the side),
See Neighbouring.(re
See Kind.Divine nature, _JJ1
lated as kindred), t_*~-^j> karayib.
ji^l attab^ al ilahl. Human
nature, <L*\J-i.JU..Un
nttnl'i-.uf.
To draw near, c-jyi tarrab. See
*
"*
t.
Approach.Far and near, *ibj
a2 bathariyat. Against nature,
! Jjt-'j kurban wa bu^dan.

good 11 at ii red, ^./al'i^dJai ln/Jf Near, nearly (almost), ysc nahii.
U...'nHuJL.
khiUf attabiât.
attabit.
Nearer, nearest, S-V^ akrab.
t See Benevolent.
AwrA,
Naval, L^/^ iAri. A naval battle, Nearness (closeness),
liJi ih'taJ
; (relationship),
Navel, . iaj&t* girrat al batn.
( karubat. See Kindred.
Naught, naughty, y^-i sharlr, JlsLc Neat,
kzarif. See
lattf,
-./('/. See Bad, corrupt, worth
Elegant.(clean, cleanly),
less.Naughtily, \î shnrran.
wazz/; (unadulterated),
Navigable, i^-^^llfU^jLj taiafir
iAd/w, JU safi. See Pure, un
bihi id amr-aVili
>wd/o<.
latafat ;
nazdfat.
Neatness, iiUai
(cleanliness),
32
NEC
726
Necessaries, u->U-j! asldb, C

dururiyat, tUtjlj! lawdtimat,
hajat, ff\f- hawdyij,
ahtiyajat, fj^y
lawazim, CL.'l*_.^ muhimmdt.
Necessaries for food, CJb
Îjt*)! daruriydt al mui
Necessarily, b_jj-! lusuman,
HllZlilllUil,
JjD
/(<
-"</,
i ii^
**..
47 dururat, Hj)^ dururatan,

mahalat. Happening necessarily,
c $\ij>j)j* daruri al
NEC
obeyed, cLjU!i__-o-U w;Vi al
Mat. Commands necessary to
be obeyed, lj\i*'i\&~s>-\jj*\j\
awamir teajibat al imtisal. Neces
sary to be esteemed, honored, or
respected, *jôl\,j3 lazim attakrlm. Anything necessary to be
done or procured, AjS^Zi shy
lazim, <L*-U- hajat. It is neces
sary, *J^ lazim, fji^ l&yik,
t-^p-U wajib, i^Sj^jî dvrurl.
Very necessary, most necessary,
n/~ ant allawatim. To
*;
be necessary, <
dururl, ,jîLfl tar luzim. To
Necessarily connected,
Necessarily existing,
lazim al wujud.
judge necessary, <jJ(.j*3^' tahasNecessariness, Sj)j^> darurat. See
san ladayhi. To necessitate or make
Urgency.
necessary,
0 <*L? amalaho
Necessary, ,j1 luzim, L_-^?- U wajib,
dururi, ] f tamalaho lazim.
*.:.* muhim, î ".'* muktadl, Necessitated,
mals&m. See
i*j)f0 daruri. See Eequisite.
Compelled.
Necessaryconsequences, LuLîiiL* Necessitous, ,J s-* mvhtaj, (.p
miiktadiyat. Necessary to be per
miskin, jij fakir. See Indi
gent, poor.
formed or paid, \J))!AJ^ lazim al
Necessitously,
likol dwurat via ihtiyaj. See
imtual. Necessary to be done
over again, or made up for, when
Poorly, needily.
not done right at first, t_-^-1_j Necessity, necessitousness,
dururat, &s^\s>- hajat, -..<.
Low) wajdb al kadd. Necessary
ihtiyaj, JLs fukr. See Need,
to be preserved, iUjll^jS lazim
poverty, indigence. Necessity
al toakayat. Necessary to be
727
NEE
NEG
(fatality, cogency), Li-is kada,

j^Âi takdir. See Fate.(indispensableness, pressing occasion), Need, c. _.li-l A<o;'. See "Want.
>. 'J luzum, Li-' iktida,
Needful,
See Necessary.Needfully,
ditrurat, j\j V* M idtirdr. See
l .- Idziman, L^1 iltizdman.
Compulsion, force.
Keck, *. (JXe (plur. jjLc^
See Necessarily.
ihtiyaj.
cwci). An ornament for the Needily, _
Necdiness,
maskanat. See
neck, Âj* kardan. See Neck
Need.
lace.To throw the arms about
(plur.^l wiar).
the neck, <jLile tanak. See Em Needle, *. i^
brace.
Necklace, . i^^f kardan,
A packing needle, ilUu.* musallat.
A needle-maker or seller,
t'iarl. A needle-ease,
albarat (plur. tul>\J^ abbardt).
(pl
atwaJc). See
Collar.Adorned with a necklace, Needless, -,.L..3j>.lila Jt7a ihtiyaj,
Idzim,
kardan. To or
nament with a necklace,
ghayr mvktadl. See Unnecessary.
io'iJ. labbas kardan.
Needlessly, (>)]&> bila luzum. See
tflM (plur.
JjAC
ti!?.- 1'"'),
Necromancer, *. ^-L> sahir. See

Unnecessarily.
Needlessness,
Lijl'' *.x= m.i/. i in al iktida.
Enchanter, sorcerer. A female
necromancer, aâ-Li sahirah. See Needs, Lj!l laziman, //>3 fa
Sorceress.
[chantment.
Necromancy, ^s' sihr. See EnNectar, j kawsar, *~^> tasnlm,
jarm. See Necessarily.It needs

must (it is necessary or proper),
i_->^-^j!!.j-J lamin al wajib.
<Jt*~j raJAk.
Needy, ^-^s-* muhtaj. See Indi
Nectarine, . ^^,U_U." tu/uhfSrsl.
gent, necessitous, poor.
Need, -U- hajat, _Li-l ihtiyaj, Nefarious. See Wicked, detestable.
*j)j-* dururat. See Poverty, Negation, ^> nahi, îi nafl,j\j\
necessity, want, indigence.(exi
inkar. See Denial.
gence, pressing occasion),
Negative, adj. <Llj nafiyat,
NEG
NET
728
assulh, îLj
munfl, L!L 3.libat. The nega
tive imperative; also the nega
musalahat.
tive attribute in logic, ^ nahl, Negotiation,
muâmalat,
i_J nafl. A negative, ^Ju
maslaJiat.
nafi, j\j\ inlcar. A negative Negotiator, *.
mu imil. See
harfnafi.
Mediator, ambassador.
particle,
Negatived,
mankHr,
Negatively,
munkar,
" muharram.
ljljj btfcol inkar,
It wajhin ndfl. [get.
Negro, *. ^^>~ habasM.

Neighbor, *. J\P? jar,
jdtpir.
Neighbours,
[jatcar.
jirdn.
Neighbor,
.
(be
contiguous),
Neglect, v. J^l ahmal. See Formujawarat,
Neighborhood,
Neglect, negligence, SAC
j nawahi.
;, JiliJ taghaful. See
Carelessness, forgetfulness ; con Neither, 3j wala. Neither one nor
the other, yi.HttjA-<jJw 'a dtempt, scorn.
wahid iaa Id alakhar. Neither
Neglected, ^* munsa',
long nor short, jâs^^ô' ta
Neglectful, negligent, JiU ghufil,
J_l^ mutakasil. See Careless, tawil wala hair. Neither more
forgetful.
To be or become
negligent, Jjlii' taghufal, J-flxJ
See Neglect.
nor less, . liW.J^W te aksar
Nephew (a brother's son),
bikol ihmal, Nerve, *. *-**& ^"b (pi.

a-.suuJ>).
is. ghaflatan,
Nervous (strong in the nerves),
See Scornfully.
Jcawl al ^cuab; (having
dabbar; (as a
Negotiate, 0.
weak nerves),
-a .\\i
%'ar,
merchant),
lilt: if al -'<
idzar. See Treat, traffic.
Nest, .
To negotiate a treaty,
thabafoh. A fishing
Carnal muâhadat. To Net, .
thabateh. A hunter's
net,
negotiate a treaty of peace,
Negligently,
*^!ljl ihmalan,
NEW
729
net, ^l_u, nuulah (plur.

masali), s\**a.i mcuyodat (plur.
JoLi* masayid}. The netting of
a ship, c-^-tJl^^w Aa/fl* aZ
me
takdii. The being produced or
related as new, i^W tahaddiu.
To make new, JJj>- jaddad, <d^
âmalaho jadld. See Re

new, repair.
Nettle, v. (irritate), \_ --^ aahdab. Newly,
mujaddadan,
Never, !JLJ! abadan,
Jj Jii>- min jadld.
Never hereafter, t
News, _j-^~ khabar (plur. j^ - -i- \
'jx.Us.> abadan minalan wasfi-.iakhbdr). Good news, tu^lio
c_
dan. Never ending, jWljj! abd
al abdd.
[hasa.
Nevertheless, Ijjsj^*-* ma^ lol
Neuter, neutral (indifferent, of no
side or party), <ul-=^ <L_*_^! Id
ma^ho tea Idtalayh.
^4.1-^1 z mil',it al taâssub ma^
ahad al khwmm, ^LSjtî^>.\^^
LLXAj^j Jcawn ahhad la maâk
tea Id c.alaylc.
New, JJ AE>- jadid, >-_*-' Jo- hadls,
^_)Ju l'n >lii.. See Fresh, rare,
bashdrat. To bring or announce

good news, ylo bashshar. The
messenger of good news, yL^
mubathihir. A newspaper, Jlijjjurnal. To bring or relate news,
j*&- khabbar.
Next (adjoining), J^c^ nmttasil,
J^L* mulaiik. See Neighbor
ing.Next (then, after which),
Jiw^ mtn ia^rf, AjJljiJO ia^rf
? yawm, ^\ ^/t min allan ;
(immediately following), ^c
wonderful.The new moon, Jla>

haldl. A. new invention or pub Nib (beak of a bird), jliu* ininkdr.
lication, anything new, rare, Nice (accurate),
mazbut. See
wonderful, cJw^t^^ shay mubda^,
Particular, exact. (exquisite,
hj!<Jk>-i ihdus, cl-'Jo-^j.-< mustadelicious) ^*--&J no/?*, j_iJu
hadat, S,J\J nddirat (plur. _; j'J
iaifzj.. See Ilefined, delicate.
natcddir), *JJJ badliat, AcJu
(minute), JU-.J'J rfrtAli. See
Small, fine.
budât. See Novelty. Saying
or doing anything new, t-JJk=sT Niceness, nicety (accuracy), <L_J
NIG
NIT
730
diktat. See Exactness.(squeamishness), ^sJ istikruh, \)\ ibd ;

(exquisiteness), \Ju> sofa, A-Jyi
Nightingale, s. JJj bulbul,

landallb.
lightly (by night), ^LJ
sardfat.
Nightmare,
Nightshade,
See Delicacies.Nice
ties (exquisite dishes),

nafayis.
Nickname, *. J-J Ubk,
Niece, s. (brother's daughter), i^
JN bintalakh; (sister's daughter),
atta^lab.
îght-time,
s. j_J.Jjii.i~^ vxutt
Night-vralk, JJJ \l^^ mushl allayl.

îghtward, J-JJliMc iind al layl.
Night-watch (or guard), J-iS^j./y^"

lint al ukht.
bakUl,
Niggard, niggardly,
hdris al layl.
(juu^S- khasz*. See Avaricious. Nimble, J--i. rashik. See Swift,
Niggardliness,
niggardness,
quick, active, clever, expeditious.
bukhtd. See Avarice.
Nimbleness, tj\&j rishakat. See
iarii. See Near.
quickness, activity, speed.
Nigh,
To draw nigh, S-V Jcarrab. See Nimbly,
sarlân. Quickly.
Approach.
See Actively, speedily, swiftly.
Night, ,_)-! layl, *J-J laylat (plur. Nine, j-J titu^, <U*>J tasât.
LJ laya.ll). Night and day,
''"// tea nahdr. One
night, on a certain night,
JU1\ ba^d al layuli. The middle
of the night, JJJ \t-Laj nosf a
layl. See Midnight.The third
watch of the night,
tult al layl. In the night time
-Li laylan.
Ninefold,
The nineteenth, j_-)Ul
.JUA* attasi^ tashar.
tieth,
......7 <aa.
The nine
w. Ninety,
The ninth,
_MJ\J Wit^, *-:lj taiiât.

Ninny, . ninny-hammer, ^Ji^^"
jadbe, Jjl^ JoWfii. See Fool.
Nightcap, AjJIjjfij-Jj-k tarbusi

annatvm.
[annawm
Night-dress, ,._i_llc_>L.o tiya

Nightgown, *yJljL-X-i kunbci
annawm.
^ Wa.
Nipple, *.j
See Breast, teat, dug.
Nit, nits, *. ^L-a slban.
Nitre, jj\\*r* milh al
NOB
731
NOM
iffijtaj natrun. Nitrous,

Nobly, J^-i Ji; likol sharaf. See
natru.nl.
Greatly, grandly, illustriously,
No, 1 la, L mu, \&\ abadan. See
splendidly, excellently.
Nay, not. none, never, [grandeur. Nobody, J^^j â? tcahid. There
Nobility, i_^> sharaf. See Dignity,
is nobody at home, .tjJbjo-ltjl*
Noble, i__ii-ii sharif (plur.
ta/i aMarf lildar.

ashraf). See Great, grand, mag Nocturnal, ^jLJ /oyft.
nificent, illustrious, exalted, free, Nod, *. (with the head), L*J! ima,
i^Liil ishdrat.
liberal, generous.Noble on both
sides (by father and mother), *J Nod, t\ (make a sign with the head),
karlm attarafin . A noble
ishdrat.
disposition, _;-' .i_i L* mizdj Noise (sound), Cô *aw<; (cla
mour), A_}Uu& shamdtah, ^^
tharlf. Of a noble disposition,
walwaleh. The noise of a drum,
_,^*3!(JJîi sharif almizaj. To
be or become noble, iiîjte
sdr sharif. To make noble, <d^
'_ ' -* âmalaho sharif. See
or of horses' heels over stones,

AjJoJ dabdabah. The noise of
thunder, the machinery of a mill,
etc., iXCj ra^d, djts*?" ja^jaâh.
Ennoble. A noble house (or con

stellation), i_J_i_y burj sharaf.
Noise of falling water, <uLiL
tantanah.
Of a noble house w race,^-axll *-i^
l.-n i-'i ni alâsr.
Noisome, 0-~* muntin. See Fetid.
Nobleman, . noble, JuL: sayyid,
(mischievous), IAA.< muftid,
i_' -* sharif. Nobles, Lj^-l
jo* mudir. See Noxious, hurt
shurafa, i jlî' ashraf, ^Lel
-v! . -\! 1 '';,'/'// addawlat. See Chiefs.
A noble lady, ^y^- khatun,
ful.(disgusting),
mustaJcrah. Noisomeness,
<t.<\ ,.'< /-Hi/In// kabiJiat.
Nominal, L^*->1 MWJ; (not real),

: A- saydat.
faradl, ^J^>- khaydll,
Nobler, u-îl ashraf, *J\ akram,
JL'^ >(/<//, *li=i it-.zuiii. See
tead^l. Nominally, ~$\J
bilisni.
Noble.
[excellence.
samma.
Nobleness. See Nobility, worth, Nominate, v.
NIG
730
NIT
dikkat. SeeExactness.(squeam- Nightingale, s. J-Jj bvlbul, ,

landolib.
istikrah, \)\ ibd ;
ishness),
Nightly
(by night), *LJ
(exquisiteness), \su> safa, <^J\Ja
mrafat.
See Delicacies.Nice
ties (exquisite dishes),

nafayis.
Nickname, s. jJ libk,
Niece, s. (brother's daughter), Li-%iJ
\ bintalakh; (sister's daughter),
Nightmare,
kCibua.
A l
Nightshade,
[al layl.
atta^lab.
Night-time, *.
Night-walk, JJJ 1 JS** mushi al layl
Nightward, J-!!!AXC îtid al layl.
Night-watch (or guard), J-i

bint al ukM.
bakhll,
Niggard, niggardly,
harts al layl.
.,. -...<- khasls. See Avaricious. Nimble, J-Jij rashlL See Swift,
Niggardliness,
niggardness,
quick, active, clever, expeditious.
Nimbleness, <Jjlij rish&kat. See
JjsT buJchul. See Avarice.
Nigh, k-oy Tcarlb. See Near.
quickness, activity, speed.
To draw nigh, t_.yi karrab. See Nimbly, lJ^> aân. Quickly.
Approach.
See Actively, speedily, swiftly.
Night, (J-l layl, iJ Zayâi (plur. Nine, j-*j' tisu^, fa*>J tasât.
laya.ll). Night and day,
Ninefold, i_-jL*&\AX*HJ tasiiit
'-syZ wa nahar. One
atl-.iif. Nineteen, ,Mi<^****> tasât
night, on a certain night, ^jaM
iashar. The nineteenth, j_u!i
\\*&\ baidallaya.li. The middle
,*. r. attasic, (.asliar. The nine
of the night, JJJîi-aJ nasf al
tieth, ^^sJ tisaân. Ninety,
layl. See Midnight.The third
_._...7 /us--. /i>.

The ninth,
watch of the night, JjJ'cuJ-3
....I"? idstc^, iSje-sU <at^<.
tult al layl. In the night time, Ninny, s. ninny-hammer,
ILi laylan.
jadbe, J)b> bahltil. See Fool.
tarbash
Nightcap,
[annawm. Nipple, . jannawm.
See Breast, teat, dug.
tiyub
Night-dress,
kunbaz Nit, nits, .
Nightgown,
a/ idriirf,
Nitre,
annawm.
NOB
731
NOM
yjjjjlaj natrun. Nitrous,

Nobly, eJj-iJ^J likol sharaf. See
natnlni.
Greatly, grandly, illustriously,
No, 'i la, 1. ma, Lvl ,i!i,n!n,/. See
splendidly, excellently.
Nay, not, none, never, [grandeur. Nobody, JaJJj walu. wahid. There
Nobility, i-J^l sharaf. See Dignity,
is nobody at home, jljJbji*- li.it*
Noble, k_iiî sharlf (plur. i^l^-i!
mS.fl ahhad bilddr.

Nocturnal, ^LJ layli.
tuhrdf). See Great, grand, mag

nificent, illustrious, exalted, free, Nod, s. (with the head), ljl Ima,
liberal, generous.Noble on both
i^Lil isharat.
sides (by father and mother), *.k Nod, v. (make a sign with the head),
jj-j^yi tarim attarafin . A noble
i^Ljil,^ Carnal isharat.
disposition, __i.>^._.i_U. mizuj Noise (sound), i^lâ satct; (cla
mour), <!wjU-J) shamutah, <t!j!j
sharlf. Of a noble disposition,
-,\yA\i*-iujit shanf almizHj. To
walwaleh. The noise of a drum,
be or become noble, I^MJ>J\*
or of horses' heels over stones,
sar shanf. To make noble, <0^f
it'-vo daldabah. The noise of
i__i_^Ji .Hit/'iti'/ui sharlf. See
thunder, the machinery of a mill,
Ennoble. A noble house (or con
etc., <\tj ra^
stellation), t-jj>^j) burj sharaf.
Noise of falling water,
tantanah.
Of a noble house or racc;>-iwl 1 *j^
karim alâsr.
Noisome, (ji^* muntin. See Fetid.
(mischievous), L.V......s.t muftid,
Nobleman, . noble, jJL> sayyid,
L- -j "3" sharif. Nobles, Uyî
j*i+ mudir. See Noxious; hurt
ful.(disgusting), y ( ~ -r
shurafd, ij!^' ashraf, ^Lci
~1 . A! ' a^yun addawlat. See Chiefs.
A noble lady, ^ji^- khutun,
mustakrah. Noisomeness,
<<.<V t r&yhat kab'ihat.
: A; saydat.
Nominal, ^^4-j! ismi; (not real),
> faradl, ^^>- khayall,
Nobler, u-Jîl ashraf, *\ akram,
J~L^ ^/i//, |*licl ii:.ziiiii. See
/''iti/,/. Nominally, *~-l!lj
Noble.
Nobleness.
[excellence.
folism.
See Nobility, worth, Nominate, v. (_5^> samma'.
NOR
Nomination, &~*+j tasmiyat.
732
NOT
JUi shimal. The north pole,
JL4^1u i ^, -Upu dlkulb ashshtmuli.
Nonage (minority),
ittdam sinn al lulugh, jy0* kusur. North, northern, JL-i shimali.
The northern regions, JU-uJ^Ji>
Nonconformity, iLJ^_y^|Xs âdam
bildd ashshimdl. The northern
al mutcdfakat.
nations, JUJ\j|jia^jle tawiiyf
None, Jo-W la ahhad, ^S Id shy.
bildd aihshimal.
See Nobody, nothing.
Nose,
i_iil on/. Having a long or
Nonentity, non-existence, jJe
large nose, i_fljH^-.>> ioitr alanf.
j>-!\ f.Hiliiin al wujud. See
The snot of the nose, Jslsr*
Inexistence.
mukhat. To speak or make a
Nonpareil,
noise through the nose,
<OiJ\jS Id tarn laho.
khamkham.
Non-resistance, A
Nostril, *. j\s^t munkhar (plur.
al mukuwamat.
Nonsense, t-i-~e
Not, 5 to, U kJ, j*.
mulaho ma^na' To speak non
lays. It is not,
j tdkallam bite
sense,
L . It is not bad, (j*>W
ma^na'.
7d id*. Not at all, B te to. Not
Nonsensical,
known, ljt..i ghayr madum.
ghayr rmmdsib. See Futile,trifling.
Not existing, j^-y^-j:
Noon, noon-day, noon-tide, t_ftû
mawjud. I do not care,
.lîl! nasf annahar. Noon-day,
mu tA;' idll.
noon-tide (meridional), u/g*>
. SeeFamous,
zuhn.
memorable, remarkable.
Nor, 3. wflZ". Neither this nor Notarial (done by a notary),
that, cJl3i^ JJi$ Zct Aazd watozu/:.
<L*s'~lj malctub bil mahkamat.
Neither long nor short, Jij^ Notary, *. ^
>J'^ katil shar^t.
7o7d /ta^Tr. See
The attestation of a notary,
"1*
Neither.
sijil.
isharat.
nasim Notation, *JJ rdkam,
North wind,
See
Signification.
atMimal. The north quarter,
NOT
733
Note, <L*l âlamat, - , rakam,

: /wil ishdrat, -), ??. See
NOIT
To notify or give notice,
r>
Mark, token.(attention, heed), Notion, JLii- khayal, â zann,

-sy^-:-' baslrat, dJa>.L muldhatat.
j--i fifo. See Imagination,
See Notice, observation.(repu
tation), i^-->...- s!<,^lfîl Mtihffr,
j$~> thuhrat ; (a short letter),
opinion, thought.Notional, ,-fy

wahml, .J^- khiydll. See Ima
ginary, ideal.Notion ally, ^c_^J
!<*&; 1: inti ic -.in tcahml.
J>JJ tazkarat ; (a bill or acknow

ledgment of a debt), il^ ' -t '' Notoriety, notoriousness, ij$2> shuhrat,j\o\ izhdr.
tamoMiik (plur. c_- i-^~*J' tamasNotorious,
j)$** mashhur, ._;-<-
tuhat. A note in music, UL*
^k. /rt^n. Musical notes,
mairaf. Notoriously,
<S_..J)!L_C
makwnat, jljjl adwar.
ialCiniyla>/,j*i..t n
i b naw^n
\_kol zalik.
mazhhur.
Notwithstanding,
yah. See Marginal, annotation,
Novel, Ju Ji^>- jadld. See New.A
commentary.Men of
novel, Ji^ mum/. See Tale, story,
akdbir, Uî shurafd,
fable.
[faMa*.
ashruf. See Nobles.
Novelty, CJJcUw -ii thy mtuNote, i>. (observe) ii
November, ^JLJI^^
Noted, w_J_.y_*_. ma^ruf, j^ ; *. -
attiim.
mashhur. See Celebrated, emi Novice, s, A~*l~; taliiud.
A marginal note, <!U>1. It ft sin -
nent, illustrious.(marked), Jjs^ Noun, ,v. *j) tm (plur.

itma).
iitu-,a!ltini.
A noun of substance, te-.*
Nothing, ,c~i)! /" shy.
ism jamid. A noun substantive,
CJ^Jjl*-i! ///( aezu^. An adjec
Notice (observation), jâj nazar,
i muldhazat. See Eemark.
i^lam, j\*>\ ithâr. See Infor

mation.
Worthy of notice,
al mula-
tive ar attributive noun, .oL ' _

!xni assifat. A generic noun, '
î-K-^ urn al jins.
A recipient
noun, or noun of time and place,

ij.Lli'*-^ t'gm u, :<://. A noun
NOW
734
NUM
\
toakt. Now and then, *\UU*-l
ahyanan.
nauttnan. A noun of instrument, Nowhere, J^ô^j toalu.fi maJiall.
..-!i '_;' ism al nil'!. A noun de Nowise, 1L-' fi/c,-,'. See By no means.
of place, jjlL*^*-)! ismalmaltan.

A noun of time, Ûtpl,*-^ ism
noting the agent and active

participle, ÎcUll*-)! ism alfa^fl.
A noun denoting the patient and
passive participle, Jyol*!!.~j!
ism al mafûl. A noun of number,
Jjjil ~' ism al iodad. A diminu'
**
tive noun, jX*^\Ji\ al ism al
Noxious,î mudirr, Jâ darr.

Noxiousness, jê darar.
[dirr.
Noxiously, î cyo linawînmuNubile, <Ulb baligliah. See Mar
riageable.A nubile girl, iji->i.>
aJtlU lint lalighat.
Nucleus, *. k_vl.- /v///). i__^ /uii.
musaghghar. A noun of excess

See Kernel.
(comparative or superlative de Nudity, XjjC. âwrat. See Nakedness.
gree), AiSL*]'*-)! ism al mubala- Nugatory, ^^* <&\<* mulaho ma^na' .
>,'//</. A radical noun, , _v_i*i 1 *J
See Frivolous, trifling.
ism al tnasdar. A derivative Null, J'V-' /(/'. i-o J^4-r-'3 layitz.mal
noun, j^ji-.t-!!,^ oZ //./>/ /
lihi. See Void, ineffectual.
mushtak. A noun of unity, *~)\ Null, nullify, v. JW oJtaJ. See
Annul, cancel.
-1 _*!', iw a? marra.
Nourish, v. ^JSj ralla', *S? tat am, Nullity, jjMaJ lutlun.
cyli Aa<. See Maintain, sup Numb (cold), j\j lurid; (motion
less), ^,-J r; _lo ;.(/j/.'/,-' oZ harakat.
port; encourage, foment; educate.
Nourishable, k__'U^'0,U^.C+.' yctmkinaho an yaHat.
To numb, iL^jJlj^j barrad al

himmat.
Nourisher, . 'jr -; t muklt. The Number, JJic âdad. A great and
nourisher (God), t^---B-*J\<LLJI
uncertain number, ^-s^JiXt c ,/[/(/
allah al muklt.
[Wholesome.
katlr. See Multitude.A small
number, JJjJoc !//?/ X //?/.
Nourishing, adj. ti-->-JL< mukit. See
Nourishment, cUjJ AM<, ,lSs taâm.
See Food, sustenance.

Now, (Jll affon, (^_*i"!! JJS kazd'al
An even number (a pair), _jj

za^'. An odd number, jj _/;./-/.
Without number, JJttiOt* mulaho
NUR
735
iadad. See Innumerable.The

singular number, ^JL^ mufrad.
OAK
yeh. A nurse for a sick person,
-L\j>- khditiliiiinli.
The plural number, *-**&- jam*. Nurse, v. (a child), i^*-5j radaât.

A noun of the dual number, *.-^!
See Suckle.
alisin al musanna\ Num Nurture (food), *W? <aâw. See
bers, J!JLC! a^dad. Number (in
Nourishment ; (education), iL^j
poetry), <Ui!j k&fiyah.
Number, v. <Ic
Nut, *. jj=*- jatet. A large species

See Eeckon.
of Indian nut, ^J^Jtjjs*- jawz
Numbered,
hindl. A filbert nut, j&j bunduk.
Numberer, *.
muhasib.
Nutmeg, . i__*.i3J \j ^- jatci attib.
Numberless,
malaho
Nut-shell, jf^sJiij kiihrat jaicz.
See Innumerable.
Nut-tree, *.jf*- i^-s*-1 shajaratjaws.
Numeral, numerical,
âdadl.
Nutriment, nutriture, \&s. ghaza,
A numeral character,
rakam.
CJy kut. See Food.NutriNumeraUy,
bihasab
mental, nutritious, nutritive,
alâdad,
ttila' mujib al hisal.
Numeration, jljutf ta^dud,
*Aa, Ai c.flrf.
[
Numerous, ji\} wafir, JjJic
Numerousness, lj& fatirat.
Multitude.
Nummary,
Nun, *.
ruhibat.
See Wholesome.
Nymph, *. <0j^ huriyat.
0.
See 0 has, in English, a long sound, as
in ' stone ; ' and short, as in ' got,'

shot,' neither of which is common
to the Arabic.
Nuptial,
The nuptial 0 (sign of the vocative case), b yd.
torch, (j*>j3^\ ^-*-i *^<w^ alûrs. Oak, . tojlj ballut, ^bMAxi sindiyun:
Nuptials, (juu^c twr*. See Marriage.
The royal oak (also a chestnut
Nurse, *. (to a child), <blj dayih,
tree), L>L>^li /-</, balliit. The
mwdiâh, &~ij* murabbiground oak.(the herb germander),
QBE
battut alard.
UBL
736
Oaken,
sary to be obeyed, V^P-I^/
Jhiîl amr wajib al imtiml.

balltti.
Object, *. (any thing seen or pre
Oar, . ^JljJL. mukdaf.
sented to the senses), j$a*i mazhar
Oath, *. **'* buam (plur. /LJ(1
(plur. . 6\li maz&hir), J&~*
manzar (plur. JsoV~* manuzir),
Oats,
c *ay* nawdu^. Any object
Obduracy, obdurateness, <Jj^s!!,iXc
which the mind has in view, 0-as
cflrfaOT attawbat, j*j tamarrad,
kasd, faSLA maksftd, ^j>j gha-rad.
jLc *na<, jLui fasud. See
The enjoyment of any beloved
Wickedness, stubbornness, inhu
object, 0\*a\y* mutcusalat.
manity.
Obdurate, obdured, <L_>yiL i*7<J Object, v.^/>ji\ i^tarad, ^Js\j^ ^
taielat, 3j4S*t mutamarrid. See
tamal iitirad. See Oppose.
Wicked, stubborn, inhuman.
& l/ifti iJirnil.
Objected,
Obdurately, <i**~jL bilu rahmat,
i^tirud.
Objection, .
jJyL bilu tatobat, jlxcjio bikol
mUitarid.
Objector, *.
c
i infill, jLJ|J^J bikol fasud.
kurlan,
&.'*
Oblation,
Obedience, <iclij <a
See
dahiyat,
Jli^l imtual,
Offering, sacrifice.
See Submission.
See Obse Obligation (anything by which a
Obedient, - :.^--t
man is hound to some perform
quious, tractable.
ance), \j>j ford (plur. ^joAji
Obediently,
farayid). See Debt ; alto obliga
Obeisance, ,jLj saldnt, *;'""' tatllm.
Obelisk, *. J~ mil (plur. J-^.1
tory writing.(a favor),

ihs&n, tLi minnat, <U**3- Jtaganat.
Obligatory, ^^ luzumi, ^j
amyul], *Lw miuallat.
fardl. An obligatory writing,
Obey, . c\i? W^. Necessary or
LlX*~J tamtusak (plur. C^l*ô
proper to be obeyed,
lazim al imtis&l, ^.
/;. . Command neces-
tamassatat), ^--; wanli<it.

Bond.
See
OBL
737
OBS
Oblige, v. (bind), *pl alzam ; (to Oblong, JjL_lK mutuwal,

confer favours),
(J.h'.iu-t mitdawwar mvstattl.
âlayhi, ^c.*xj\ anâm
Obloquy, *jj lawm. See Censure,
See Gratify, please.
reproach, disgrace.
Obliged (bound),
ma^ruA,
multazim ; Obnoxious,
mu^rad. See Liable, subject.
(compelled),
majbur;
(favored), u^-*^ mamnun. To Obscene,
fahish. An ob
scene woman, <Llo-ls fahishah.
be obliged (to be bound),
tttatam . (to be compelled), ssrl Obscenely,
bi natOitn
f&hisJi.
injabar.
Obliging, adj. (civil), u-g.W &/, Obscenity, obsceneness, ^J^sr fahsh,
cul .*. f3 fahshiydt. See Las// mukrim. See Courteous,
civiousness.
polite, kind.
[karam.
Obligingly, ^^.jflaL i7id/J wa Obscuration, iiL^ kasafat, i
Obligingness, i_jsU fe</, iiLlaJ Obscure, Jii* mmlim. See Dark,
cloudy. (abstruse, difficult to
latafat. See Civility, courtesy,
understand), Ll__^ mughlak,
complaisance, politeness.
mushkal ; (mean, low),
Oblique, ^-^y warib.
hafar.
Obliqueness, obliquity, t_~ '_;_}-''
Obscure, v. (darken), Jib! atlam,
tawrlb. See Crookedness, indi
*irl t<a ; (to render abstruse),
rectness.
*^c -.a Iturn.
Obliterate,
Obscured, *^^ mv^tim.
Obscureness, obscurity, aUt zuJmat.
Obliterated,
mundaris,
See Darkness.
(darkness of
mansukh,
meaning), jLxil ishtibiih, i__Ci
See Doubt, puzzle.
>A, a*"-' naskh. Obsequies,
<<w'zz. See
Oblivion, ^L.m.j nusyiin. Con
Funeral.
signed to oblivion,
Obsequious,
See
Oblivious, .j-ili nd*z, ,.iLJ nasyan.
Obedient, compliant.
Obliteration,
OBE
lialliit alard.
Oaken,
balliitl.
Oar, *. ,_,' Ax,, mill; <ln I.
sarj' to be obeyed,
Jlis^'S! atr toajib alimtisdl.
Object, *. (any thing seen or pre
sented to the senses), j$i* mazhar
Oath, *. +*+} I'iKiiiii (plur.

aksdm), .,~o yamin.
Oats, i^jLf. ;.//".
Obduracy, obdurateness, <JJîn*iXe
.iidniii aitawbat, j*J tamarrad,
jLe înfill, jLJ fasdd.
See
Wickedness, stubbornness, inhu

manity.
Obdurate, obdured, *_ijjflb 4$<J
tawlat, tl-AZst mutamarrid. See
Wicked, stubborn, inhuman.
Obdurately, <U^,L isto raJimat,
<LyL /<//</ tatebat, jUrJ^j /<//.-/
.//;.; (/, jLujJ^j bikol fasdd.
Obedience, ,'^'i- /
(plur. j bUi< mazdhir), j^^

manzar (plur. jis\^* manaiir),
c yay* matcdui. Any object
which the mind has in view, Juai
kaid, JâJU maksud, ^j>j gharad.
The enjoyment of any beloved
object, i-^.* mmodsalat,
Object, v. ^pj^ i^tarad,
Carnal i^tirad. See Oppose.
Objected, uo\jie.\j bihi i^tirad.
Objection, *. uo\jic.\ i^tirad.
Objector, *. ^JOJXL* mu^t.arid,
Oblation, i^j> ktirbdn, AjLs"'
daMyat,
Jlis^l imtitul,
See Submission.
Obedient, .Vi^
quious, tractable.
Obediently,
OBL
736
i^s-oJ
tablhat.
See
Offering, sacrifice.
See Obse
iii.
Obeisance, >lL.- saldm, A.lmj tafllm.

Obelisk, *. J-- miZ (plur.
Obligation (anything by which a

man is bound to some perform
ance), ^jOji ford (plur. ueAj
far&yid). See Debt ; aho obliga
tory writing.(a favor), ^l*-^ ^
ihsdn, Ai^ minnat, <JV<M.-- Jiasanat.
Obligatory, ^^ luzumt, ^j
amyul], *Lw mutallat.
fardl. An obligatory writing,
Obey, . ells <^. Necessary or
lamassak (plur. CJ
proper to be obeyed, Jlii/)!!,j!!
tamassakaf),
al itntital, cLj)l\cr^>-^
See
o? t<i<7. Command necesBond.
OBL
737
OBS
Oblige, v. (bind), jl\ alzam ; (to Oblong, J^LJa^. mutuwal,

confer favours), <uLeJr< mann
JJji*u- mudawwar musfatil.
Obloquy, *jj ^zwm. See Censure,
See Gratify, please.
reproach, disgrace.
Obliged (bound),
ma^r&d,
multazim ; Obnoxious,
muirad. See Liable, subject.
(compelled),
majbur ;
(favored), ^^w* mamnun. To Obscene,
fahish. An ob
be obliged (to be bound), *JjJl
scene woman,
li fahishah.
iltazam ; (to be compelled), jt=?\ Obscenely,
i
injabar.
Obscenity, obsceneness, ,J^s.s fahsh,
Obliging, adj. (civil), i_c.y latif,
c^L.^jf9 fahshiyat. See Las+-* mukrim. See Courteous,
civiousness.
polite, kind.
[karam.
Obligingly, *Js, i_fllab bilutfin wa Obscuration, AiL^ kasafat, i
Obligingness, t_alTJ lutf, <il_kj Obscure, Jii muzlim. See Dark,
cloudy. (abstruse, difficult to
latafat. See Civility, courtesy,
understand), (jLjt-* mughlak,
complaisance, politeness.
muthkal ; (mean, low),

hahr.
Oblique, <r-^y warib.

Obliqueness, obliquity, \_ - <jj ~
tawrlb. See Crookedness, indi
rectness.
Obscure, v. (darken), JJil atlam,

zc-\ n-Jam ; (to render abstruse),
*^C lUfhtlH.
Obliterate, v. ^s^ maha', i^_&>hak, ^' nasakh, jLul abtal.

Obliterated, ^w,_v_^_ mundaris,
mamulch,
Obscured, *i*^ mvîim.

Obscureness, obscurity, <ult zulmat.
See Darkness.-(darkness of
meaning), jLiîl ishtibah, tlXi>
See Doubt, puzzle.
Obliteration, jsf mahu,

Oblivion, ^Lj^-j
signed to oblivion,
Oblivious, ili nati,
'II fix Hi.
Obsequies,
taini-. See
ConFuneral.
t/iunsa'. Obsequious,
See
nasyan.
Obedient, compliant.
OBS
738
OBS
Obsequiously, <J el_l^,JJ bilcol
imdahit, ^\f tnurdii,
itaât. See Obediently.

Obsequiousness, <L_cLJsl itdtat,
Jlix*l imtisal, oLsJl inkiydd.
hdris, **-~ij rakib, L_

murdkib.
See Beholder.An
observer of tbe stars, ^^sciJ^lsU
wdztr annujuni, jli^ rassdd. See
See Obedience, compliance.

Astronomer.
Observable, jjfi~ mashhur, â>Uj
whir, "^î'-^'ii -^'j wajib al Obsolete, L!^^ matruk,
matuukh, ÂJC^*J~. ghayr mumuldhamt. See Eemarkable.
ii'nai'f, JUx^jlL Site istMnul,

Observably, _;^*#?J'? **
mithmal, JJslj i
wwt* mashhur, U&Ui zdhiran.
. To render obsolete,
Observance (respect), <__>ol rfJ,
iltibdr,
<L-- hurmat. See Veneration, Obstacle, , jjL mdni^ (pi. j-J^
ôjt-j taiCirrud,
reverence, observation, obedience,
isJirud.
attention.
Observant (respectful), u--. -^* Obstinacy, obstinateness, jlxc linad.
See Stubbornness.
* - l " H gdhib illifat,
Obstinate, J^c** muttunarrid, Ju IT. .
muitabir; (attentive),
mutdnid. See Stubborn.An
multafit, <Uix* muntabih. See
obstinate man, JU i_^
Submissive.
iinsd. To be obstinate,
Observation, 4_lis>-}L muldhaaat,
ri^dyat, ZjL3 say&nat,
indd,
mushdhadat. Any Obstinately,
place from which observation is
made, Jus.* marsad. [annujum Obstruct, P. (,/3/J taârrad, JL
Observatory, . /jûiJw>^ marsaa
See Hinder.
masdud,
Observe, v. (look attentively),
Obstructed, J^.
munsad.
nazar, ]a~2 Idhat.
Obstruction,
ijU mumdnaât,
Observed, jfc*" tnanzHr,
malhuz, \ijLs.-* mahfus.
Observer, *. .-liLj natir,
ijOjitJ taûrrud, Jwj *(W, j-

..,-(.;-. See Impediment, obstacle.
occ
739
Obstructor, s. ^jSt^t mutaârrid,

jjL* manic.
[McZ.
Obstructive, obstructing, -_;.-.

Obtain, v. iAîiJ..1 balagh kasdaJw,
<S-j^c^^^jlcj-âa- Aasa/ t/a'
OCC
(cause),
sabab, i
ln~> -.x, .
wiyVJ ; (need),
,J>jC. gharad.
Pressing occasion, /jjJ luzum,
\*--.'i] iktida.. "Without occasion,
i_~>-yw lila. mujib.
Occasion, v. t_i-^c\J J^ âmaJ ia^M,
k_^--;w A /,/). See Cause, influence.
marghuboh, JU nd/. See find,

get, attain, acquire, gain.To
obtain what one desires,
Occasional (casual), .j^
*_* hassal maramdho.
^JiUj'l ittij'nki. See Incidental.
Obtainable,
mumkin
al husul.
(producing by accident), i_~~~
Obtained, J^LS^* muhassal.
musabbib. Occasionally, lil_-j'l
Obtainer, *. J-ks-* muhassil. An
An occasioner, t_--...^
obtainer of his wishes, ijJ^jJb
["Western.
mtisabbib.
buliffh tnuradaho.
Occidental, (_j;_c gharbl. See
Obtuse (not acute nor pointed), Occult,
mukhfa',
,-^-* munfarij.
An obtuse
maknun,
mukhtaji,
angle, 't^ - -"^.'.j^j zateiyat
bdtin. See Hidden, private,
munfarifat.
secret, unknown.
Obviate, f. w_;^'j darak, _jL Occultneas, U^-1 ikhtifa,
mana^. See Prevent, meet.
Obvious, (clear), jjsllj zaAir, .*^\;
wadih, fj^^t mubln. See Evi
dent.(opposite, front to front),
Obviously, l^fcLJi zahiran, \s?_.*>
sarlhan. See Apparently, evi
dently.
\tawdih.
Obviousness, io~\fe taraAat, ;~-'
Occasion (convenience), "Lcî fursat.
See Leisure, time, opportunity.
khafiyat, Lft-^-l VA/i/d.

See
Secretness.
Occupancy (taking or holding pos
session), t-JâJ tatarruf.
Occupant, occupier, s.
mutasarrif, ^joA kabid,
malik. See Possessor.
Occupation (employment),
(trade), Jjti shughl,
- hirfat. See Business, trade ;
occupancy.
ocu
740
ODI
Occupy, . (seize, possess),

Odd (not even), J^ ford, jit tak.
tasarraf, L~; dabat, Jo~! akhaz.
Odd (strange, uncommon) \^^^sf
Occur,*. ijJo- hadas, i_JJ^j sadaf.
*7o kagdat,
See Happen. (to occur to the
mind), ^V1 ,, .^"^ khatar c.ala'
lulihi.
Occurrence, . t jSj ,',;,,;, jfUj'l
ittifak, {jOj\& ûrid. Li5 iarfti,
///"'/// mu^tad, i
muttaghrab, (_-^-i ffharlb, jjli nadir,

mwta^mal.
See Singular, extraordinary.
(fantastical), Jv-ir*,* mutakfiayyal.
<Uû kadiyat. SeeAccident, event.

Occurrent. See Incidental.
Oddly (not evenly), loî fardan,
Ocean, Ja^sÛacT JoAr / muhlt.
; (strangely)
The Indian ocean, Jc^JâsT bahr
al hind, fas^jsî bahr al akhdar. Oddness (uncommonness), i ijlj

n&dirat.
Octagon, *. (a building consisting of
Odds (strife), J'.As*- yi*I/, AcjU^
eight sides and angles),
munaziât, i_i^Lfi.) ihMilaf. See
musamman,
Octangular, octagonal, bj.j.
Contention, dispute, quarrel.
iitiiî,ii in ini atzateaya.
(advantage, superiority), <.\ .Octave, K. . t 'J samin, .^- 'J taminat.
ghalabat, 5Ui-l itti^la ; (diffe
rence), jLi^l imtiyaz, âj fail,
October, JJ^M^ i*"J tiihrlnalawtcal.
j^j ,/arA, CLJjlij' tafawat. See
Octuple, u_5l*:^-J Lt.j tamaniyat
adûf.
Ocular (belonging to the eye),
Distinction.
Ode, *.
kastdat.
^3j*u batarl. Ocular demon Odious (abominable), <O

mustakrah, *j** tnakruh.
stration, jJbLjL* mashahadat.
An ocular witness, JJiLi shuhid. Odiously (hatefully),
karah; (invidiously),
Ocularly, cp*!L_lir* !Lj
Aaza^ o/^l.
Oculate (having eyes),
tuyuw,^*^ idV.
Oculist, *. JLs^ AaWd;.
/'/// hasad.
Odiousness (hatefulness),
istikrah, &~J&\jj karahiyat, ?
karah.
OFF
741
OFF
Odium (invidiousness), <Uvu bugh-
mujrim. See Criminal.(one who
dat.
Odoriferous, odorous, i-w-LttacîJ
injures), i_jji*x< mutaâddi.

Offensive(disgusting),i|^L makruh.
laho rayhat taylat,Jaxst mttiattar.

See Fragrant, perfumed.Odoriferousness, 4 _., V"-a<; , nhat
taylat. See Fragrance.
Odor (scent, whether good or bad),
i^\j rd.y]uit,jjs? lakhur, 1--...W
til. See Smell.A good odour,
(Ujlsiatr^ rayhat taylat. See
Perfume, odoriferousness, fra
grance.
Oesophagus, (j\&- halJc.
Of, ^ min.
Off, or far off, Ju oa^d. Not far
off, Juju-.i ghayr ba-*ld. To
Offensively (injuriously, mischiev

ously), \fOs* mudurran ; (by way
of attack), (*_j^r' '" hty'um.
Offensiveness, ^J Awar. See Dis
gust, injury, mischief.
Offer, v. (as a gift, etc.) /JJ> kaddam. See Present.(to make a
proposal), (jOjA -.umtl. To offer
as a sacrifice, *--fJ zaoaA. To offer
or present itself, (JWyi
halaho. To offer or aim at,
iasarf. To offer proof,

kaddam shahddat.
Offer, . (anything offered)
carry off or away, ,*ls iaw, ^>j
takdim, <L,Xb hadiyat (pi.
rafa^.
haduyd) ; (a price bid), a_^
Iriiinil, cw_.L*, matawamat. See
Offence, s.^^ssJ takslr, lk^- khata,
Price.(attempt), A î J
i^-^.r ;.///;, ^ .,5, ..i aat, .^.1 ;
JyaJL maksud, .-.t_- a^t
tattat, -Lj> kabuhat. See Crime.
ijtihad, *Ui^l Hi tint run. See
(an injury), Ûosi Au,
Endeavour.
Offered,
^jOjjXst ma^rud, -v^..
Offend,v. (injure, make angry), liU
mutakaddam.
See Presented,
'///-, ^jjij! taâdda'. See Pro
given. Offered up (dedicated,
voke.
sacrificed), c-îL^ mukarrab,
Offended, bki< mughtuz, ,_
-J J>- ma-ill >'i!,.
jw<oazzz. To be offended, i
t^Juti taâddl, jjJi darar.
ffJifdeb. See To be angry.

Offender, . iasr* mukhti,
Offering, *. (offertory), ijJiJ' <adimat. An offering (sacrifice),
OFF
742
OLE
by turban, *rj zabh,

fS* <inli.il/nl..
See Progeny ; propagation, pro

duction.
Oft, oft-times, often, oftentimes,
Office, . (public charge) J
j&\ aksar, culsjSî^ aksar alatei_-%sx* mansal (plur. c_-~L*
kat, tj&iJ\j* marr&t kaslrat.
manatib), <UJe^. khudtnat. See
How often ? *j* kam marrah.
Business, agency.A good office,
As often as, i^*^ kol marrah,
i.
t^- mahmd. Not often, *\l^JU
hasanat, JD /l. See
Benefit, 'favour, kindness.To
n&diran. See Seldom.
confer an office, LW^~ Jacl Oh! iUA! See Ah.

S?
acfa' mansab. To remove from Oil, \^*>j zayt. Oil of myrrh,
mayiah. Oil of roses,
an office, Jj-c c-aswJ, ^^
c (.-(,-/ mm /it manab,
Oil, 0. ti-vi Jb^J rfrtAaw bissayt.
Officer, s. (one who holds a public Oilman, s. tuLJj zayydt, jâs.
\jsamman.
office), rf_ft_,._ljjer^-lo suAt'i
Oil-shop, s. ^LJLj^L^J dukkan
"v-7 ;;/;</, ^,'.u^^ mansabdar.
Ointment, &j-" marJuim,
Official (belonging to a public office),
til (plur.
rasml,
fcJ^ adhan). See
duhn (plur.
Officiate, v. &"...&.)ijjf Carnal tcaslUnguent.
fatoh, faL&j CJLs>- 1j +*j tarnOld (aged),^*^ 1) ,* jL*i- mutakaddim
mam wajibat wazifatoh. See
bil umr. Old (ancient, begun
Execute, discharge.
long ago), *j JiS kadlm. Old men,
Officious (kind), i_Jjj^ t_- - Ls
-;^J> shiyukh. An old man of
sahib ma^ruf, j&- khayyir.
authority, î thaykh. An old
Oflfspring, Sij\ awl&d, cy far^,
woman, J^s^ ca;ua. Of old,
Ju,j natl (plur. JL*J\ ansaf),
UjAJi kadtman.
L--..'I nasab (pi. t_jLj1 and&), Oleaginous, oleose, .^J
Jrf! ail (plur. J_JP^ twu/), iji> Oleaster (wild olive),
durriat (plnr. CJb^J durriyat).
zaytun barn.
ONE
743
OPE
Olfactory (having the sense of smell
'_\r^.'. icdhidan wtihidan, Ijj
ing), .*uJ1&x4j yamkunaho ashsham.

Olives, ^jiJj saytan. An olive
tree, ^yujj^s-4 sajarat toytun,
ZjfJj ~iti// mint.
\ Jji fardan fardan. One after

another, %Xs- U >.\-,*j Jo- \j wdhid
I'a. it wdhid. One or two, J^-|
^^..xiljl wahid aicasnayin. Every
one, Jo-ljji kol wdhid.
Omelet, <ti. gtjjat. See Pancake. Onion, s. ^^ basal.

Omen, *. Jl/d/.
Only (single, one and no more),
Omission, omittance, JljM ihmal.
A>>-J ir/i/tnf, t! -^-* mufrad. See
See Neglect.
alone.(singly, simply, merely),
Omit, v. Jl ahmal. See Neglect.
Omnipotence,
i kudrat, t^jjs^- Onset, s. c^s^1 hujum. See Assault,
jabraut, Ci
malukut. Om
attack.To make an onset, *jsP
nipotent,
hajam. See Assault.
Omniscience,
ffhayb.
al
Omniscient, omniscious,
i_ -..*!! Jlc L <;//

l
Onward, /jJLi takaddum, +).&&

takdim. To proceed onward,
*juJ' takaddam. See Advance,
proceed.
Onyx, *. (J-JLc âizi,
On, j^ /au>*, ^jLc âla'. To go Ooze, ..t-b i', (J*-j wAZ. See Mud.
on, ^*ijl /x/iiw!',-; (to make an Opaque (not transparent), uJULij-c
attack), A*-6 hajam. To put on
^yr shaffdf.
clothes, jj^J /4*. To come on Open, v. ope (unlock, unclose), _-
(advance), JIAJ takaddam ; (to
assault),
; (to disclose, explain show),
Once, J^ marrat, tj\3 taratan. Open (not closed), --^L maftuh,

makthuf; (apparent,
Once (at a former time), UjLj
patent), yslls stdhir, -[lt> shayi^.
subikan, l.\_iL- mukaddaman.
See Formerly.
An open place (for exercises, etc.),
One, Jks-^j >r,i ///,!, (fern.
Â~* mldan. See Gymnasium.
icahidat). One by one,
Opened, _.--! mnfifth.
OPI
744
Opener, *.
Opening, s. **.' fath (plur.
futuh). See Breach, orifice.(an
exordium), ?jyi> shuru^,
Hit !<!<i, .v.._v~ mukaddamat,
OPP
zanun),jjjikr (plur.^lli! afkiir),

^. a-11Inii (plur. *UJ, aiaham),
^J\j ray, ^j-^fcaf takhmin.
A
just opinion, Jj jLe^lj ray sdrfz'i.
An unjust opinion, JujU^j fikr
fatid. To form an opinion, ô
iftakar, *^J' tawahham.
mabda, See Beginning.Opening

(part.), -*^"lJ /dfr'A.
Openly (publicly), lyslla zahiran, Opinionative. See Opiniative.
p. .
*.
Opiniatively. See Obstinately.
Uuc âydnan, \i&~ jaliran,
Opinionativeness. See Obstinacy.
sarahatan. See Plainly, evidently. Opium, ^y^ afyun.
See Effect, Opponent, i_H^ mukhalif, ^>j\x^
Operate, . ^J^
mUiilrid. See Antagonist, adver
act, make.
sary.Opponents, <
Operation, *. (work), ^f Carnal,
ashtib mukhalafat.
Jj Ji^l ; (eflfect), j\j tdsir ;
(movement), A^*. harakat. See Opportune,
Action, agency, influence, effect.
munasib,
The operations of an army, Opportunely, t
hcaab al wakt wastamun,
. harakat
iL_;li, lil;nl mundsabat, \Ju
Operative,jj^ muassir,
lULjllja) latin I'ii-Jii/ti.t.
mutcafikan. See Seasonably.
Operator, *. ^Jili/a^t
Opportunity, i^j fursat,
wakt.
Opiate, *. (a medicine causing sleep),
Oppose,
v. i a 11&- khalaf, _.^
J,j.Jlui^s*'< macjun afyunl.
Opiniative
(imaginary),
kawam, JucLe dddad, J l. mdna^.,
,/:^c' t-liit arf, (jfi.xj ft> -iit'i'tiil .

wahmi, ^\^>- Miydll,
See Resist.(to place as an ob
kiyasl.
stacle), Jwi 6rW.
ianld. See
Opiniatre,
Obstinate.Opiniatrety. See Ob Opposite (facing each other),
mukdbil, ij\y muw&zl,
stinacy, tM ' " |J> ' bikol
Opinion, ^ saxn (plur.
mutakaUl, /L! amdm; (adverse,
OPP
745
repugnant), i_a!lsr* . mukhalif,

(_jlri. khilaf, jjl*- mughuyir,
OPU
See Cruel, tyrannical, inhuman,
hard, heavy, burthensome.

/mn/ ft L- ill. See Oppressor, . JUs zaltm,
Ju0 didi!,
mutuâddl, j^r jabbar,
Contrary.Opposite to anything,
jlL* nmkalil aihshay.
jabir. See Tyrant.
mufdih,
Oppositely (faeingly), <JL\Ju!lj bil Opprobrious,
fdhish. See Reproachful, scur
rilous. Opprobriously, jleljj
bikol mukhulafat, lsl>- khilufan,
bikol âr, AjSUisJd bikolfadl/iat.
&*a!\siijj bikol munakadat.
Opprobrium, ' opprobriousness,
Opposition, oppositeness (of situa
tion), <3jliL* mukdbalat, &g>-\yi
jdr. See Reproach, scurrility.
muwdjahat, iailsr* mukhalafat,
Optative,
(_<i<*J tamannl.
taklalaf, t_j!U. khilaf,
mu^dradat, ^^Vxj Optical, optic (relating to vision),
i^j*aj bason.
'i-.ii/-"ii, o~.LJi mukdwamat.
Optic, *. (instrument of sight), irÛii
See Besistancc, impediment.
nazzdrat. See Eye. The science,
Without opposition, <L>jl**db bild
of optics, KJ^ --t!Og -Jim al
mi':, lira(fill, ijpjiUj. , r^j-* mm
mmidzarat,fa^ \ *Lc îlm al lasar.
ghayr taârrud.
The power of optics, s,
Oppress, f. Jdj zft /inn, Jj^Jkiti
kutoat al bdsirat.
fn-.fiilild' tola'. See Crush, over
Optician, . 1
power, subdue.
[majbur.
^^.jJl nii'iliif fi macrifat annur
Oppressed, pâ* mazlum,
wa nazar al
Oppression, JJo vulm, j-s? jabr, Option,
ikhtiyar,
tataddi, jj&- jaw. See
intikhab. See Choice.
Cruelty, injury, hardship, cala Opulence, .J.J dawlat, Lf ghand,
mity, misery. Oppression of
kasrat a
spirits, Lw smcdd, i i/hiim,
amwdl, Xjji sarwaf. See Wealth,
11 <z/am. See Melancholy.
riches.
Opulent, îs I//IUII.I. See Rich.
Oppressive, LSîi zu/mf,
ORB
746
Opulently, ^Jj bikol ghanu,

iVpj bisartcat. Sec Splendidly.
ORD
Orbicularly, j^jr., mitsladiran.
See Circularly. Orbicularness,

jjJo tadwlr. See Roundness.
Or, b yd, ji aw. See Either ; aho
gold.
Orbit, *. i^jlj dayrat, jy$ dawr.
Oracle, . (the word of God),
See Orb.
khitdb ilahi, ^j^-j Orchard, *. jjli*uj bustdn.
toahl ilahl, <U| ayat (plur. Orchestra, . <L^Jl_tf^ mawda^
cyliT dydi).
annawbat.
See Prayer.
Ordain, v. (appoint), ..jj^c âyyan ;
Oraison,
(to decree),j*\ amor, *- hakam ;
Oral,
(to establish, institute),
burtakdne.
Orange, .
(to appoint to an oflSce),
khitdb, A,ri<Oration, a.
fail" HI. A funeral
,!-./,:/, mansab.
khutbat,
v marsiyat. Cele Ordained (appointed),
oration,
brated in a funeral oration,
mansul, (Jj^ tnuâyyan,
mutdidyyin.
See Established,
i__>;jj~ mandub.
[faslh.
Orator, .-.. t_ -\i<- khatlb, ,rfyai
ordered.
Oratory, /Kl^*Lc tilm al kaliim, Order (method, regular disposition),
i>-LaJ fatdhat, aLcJb laldghat.
.oJj tadbir, L_-y_' atlub, ,*Uaj
,>i i'mi, iîJ nazm, *','-^-:1 intizam.
See Eloquence, rhetoric.
Orb, . Sji\J d&yrat,j)3 dawr (plur.
jljj! adwdr). See Sphere; also
ring, circle, wheel. The celestial
orb, cl&j falak (plur. cJlil
afluk). See Heaven, universe.
Order (rule, regulation),

kdiidah, ^jS->J Amtur,
In n,(, <-.'_;' (/.,/('/<. e, .. l
(mandate), *Xs- ,',/,, ^! amr,
The orb of the moon, j*J&\*jS>jvrm al kamar. The sun's orb,

U*iA\ *jS*- jirm ashshams.
Orbed, orbicular, j)&* mudawwar,
jjjk_i*y^ mustadir, j)\ tdbakat.
See Degree.(fraternity, society),

iy5-! akhawiyat. The order of
angels, 5.^:'^' ^_-j' ... mar&tib al
ORD
747
ORD
A religious order, Orderliness, ,l_lii nizam, ^.îj^

tartib. See Regularity.
j, rahbanat. Of an inferior
order, J?
The chief of Orderly, adj. c.^.o^ W <<wfiJ. See
an order, \j)j rayyis. In alpha
Regular.(according to custom),
betical order, u-j_^>- <~^~>j3^c
muwafik alkaîdah ;
Awru/ al Juya.
(not tumultuous), i_yjljb hddl,
Arranged in order, pfa* manzum.
\j riikin. See Quiet.
Without order, t_*. VîL iz7a Orderly, adv. AllaiJCt likol nizam,
mdaykat.
tartib. See Irregular.(without

command from a superior), /S^^>
i
i7d //;>/;/<. Orders (ranks of
men, etc.), (_Jyus sufuf; (com
mands), l_J akin ni,
tartib,
I ill.. -I, I
attartib.
Ordinal (noting order or series),
^^-.Jp tartlbi, Ûij s!a?i.
awSmir, *~i rusum.

Ordinance, s. c -i share, ^^J^>
Order, v. (regulate, arrange), Jaj
kanun,
nazam, i^~3Ji^ Carnal tArtlb;
rasm, SjifiU kuMat. See Law,
(to manage), j> J dablar ; (to
precept, rule, appointment.
direct), iXijl arshad, j*\ amar. Ordinarily (according to custom),
See Prescribe.To arrange in
c&dat,
alphabetical order,
muwafik al ka^tdat,
natam %ala' tartib
(usually), LJU ghalilan,
huruf al haja.
Ordered (commanded),
mahkam ; (arranged),
mans&m, t-~J^ murattab.
Ordained.
a/ mMiidrf. See Commonly, fre

quently.
See Ordinary (usual),

rasml,
in n- 1iii!,
Orderer, *. (arranger), JiU nazim,
^-~3j* muratlib ; (commander),
*U- hakim.
Orderless, >_ -.+"1 Jib bit
ii'-
/</// a7 kanun ; (vulgar),

-/i m in i. See Common.(mean,
of inferior rank), Â- /'.'''.
OKI
748
,1 J dun ; (not handsome), _>,-^
ORN
Orient, Jf/SJl ashshark.

Oriental, J,j> tharkl (fern. A-î.
Ordinate, . See Ordain.Ordinate. See Orderly.

Ordnance (cannon), >'_1- <a>J.
See Cannon.
Ordure, ^j v>aakh, \js? najat.
See Dung, filth.
Ore (of any metal), ^Lrl-^Jjt^
tna^dan kh&m.
Organ, *. (musical instrument),
iji-jl >////"," ; (instrument, mem
tharkiyat). Oriental countries,

ji'-^~* math&rik.
Orifice, s. (mouth), *j fum (plur.
jLj\ afm&m) ; (opening), **.j
/<J<A. See Mouth, hole, opening,
fissure, perforation.The orifice
of the uterus, J---< mahbal.
Origin, original (source), ,Jw>l as/,
i_v~i in a MI ar, tiXx* mabdd, ' Jcj '
ber), ill alat, yas. âdu.The

organ of hearing, <U^tLJ!î!\
al l.inrni atsamiât. See Hearing,
ibtida. See Beginning.(descent),

o*/, JjuuJ w/, L_^..i nasab,
,,''' An original (first
copy, archetype), ,J*>! <M/, <tirM*1'
ear. The organ of taste, .Jl'1

...KjLO al alat azzaykat. Sec
in/Mat, sAjfu** mutatotcadt. An

original author,
l-^Miô |j-M
a/ iiiiialif alasll, ..--.-L''t_jii~i*!'

Palate.The organ of touch,
a/ mutannif alasll.
.-~.-' .^' al alat al lamisat. See
Feeling.The organ of smell, Original, o^'. ^Lcl <wft. See First,
primitive, pristine, essential.
A_liJ!M al alat ashhamat.
The organ of sight, .>0lJ1<L!2l Originally, Jeil^ OT* af <w/,
al alat al bdsirat. See Eye.
Organist, *. îjHl^lJij dakkuk al
/t a/ *badayat.
arghun.
Originate, . (spring from),
*
Organise, v. i*j rakkab, i^Jj
sadar min ; (to bring into ex
rattab, Uaj natam. See Form,
frame.
[tartar.
Organy, origan (herb),^*^
Orichalc (a kind of brass),
nah&t anfar.
istence), Jyj-jjllac! fli

jt>- ..itL^ , 11,mi!,ili >i mauy'ud.
Origination, jlacCl I/fid,
Ornament, . ^J.jJ sinal. An orna-
749
ORP
OTH
ment of gold, silver, etc., worn Orpiment, -iy_,

artod-uksl.
by women round their ankles, Orthodox,
tm/a. i-o l*lJ ' j_J ls~~ khalkhal. An ornament of Orthography,
kitdbat. To mark Arabic
fringe, etc.,
tufri-. See Embroidery.The
with orthographical points,
ornaments of a wall (as painting,
wada al harakat.
stucco, etc.), ^K:~î/'' nalcsh Oscillation, >:>;_> hazhazat. See
alhitan.
Vibration.
Ornamental, <Lx_jj_HJ^ liajl Osier,
safsdf.
<t" > ii" I , ^.J '.. iiiir.ni/iiin.
Osprey (sea eagle),
lull, , i_jULc
Ornamentally, <Ljjjd bikol zlnat.
Ornamented, ornate,
,jj
Ossification (becoming bone), or to

ossify, --;"' ii.TU' ta^zimallahm.
-t mutasayyin,
zayyan,
muzakhraf. Ornamented Ostensible or ostensive, JUr zuhir.
with gold and jewels, j-^/ - Ostentation, ostentatiousncss, ^ ---"
j\$&\ izhar.
Ostentatious,
y.v^r.^
with gold and jewels, j_^ri__._!
See Vain, pompous, boastful.
sayf murassai. The ornamented
To display ostentatiously,
title of a book (also, the orna
tasanna^ bil kalam. See
mented front of a palaco, etc.),
^y .i-f. -.iiinni,!. An ornate
Vainly, pompously.
style, u-Jr-r(**-J kalam mu~ Ostler, ^..jL: sdyis. See Groom.
zakhraf.
[ration, finery. Ostrich, *. *LJ naium,
Omateness, ornature. See DecoOrphan, *. +~j yatlm (fern. A>.:.J Other, -i>- 1 akhar, ,-ji ghayr. See
Another, different.One after the
yatlmat, (plur. ,-/L:j yatama'',
''' aytdm). To make one an
other, ^-^Jjc Jo- lj wd/W iaj_rf
rassa^. A scimitar ornamented
orphan,
>^j yattam, ^jiLtx-
iOtnalaho yatim,
pital, |tyatama' .
a/ akhar. Otherwhile, at other

times, i^-Jj^cj /z ghayr wakt.
An orphan hos
ixpltiil al Otherwise, else (if not), Û wa ilia,
1^\j\j ita inkan la; (in another
33
OVE
750
OVE
manner, in other respects), jx
Overcast,.(overcloud).jLcÂayyfl.
bighayr wajh ; (by other Overcharge, v. (surcharge the
causes), >':' _*x! laghayr cubab
stomach), JÛjIj takkallikkl.
Overcome, v. e-J-i ghalab, ^ b
Otter, . Ullv-^K /ta/J almd.
safar. See Conquer, overpower,
Oval (in the shape of an egg)
A.ji....JlLJîi \s. âla' shakl al
vanquish ; also overcharge.
Overfall . See Cataract. Overfloat.
baydah.
See Swim.
Oven, *. ^yj furn.
Overflow, v. (deluge) J^-^L> tar
Over (above, superior), (Jie <j&
sayl, îâjâ ear tautafdn. See
(across),^; jaJr; (above the top),
Drown.
[al âjalah.
j|y/awA, ^Lc âZa' ; (too much),
ijbJ ziyadat, Jik.l^j.j /aeci a? Overforwardness,
i
kitrat
See Beyond.Over and Overgorge, v. See Overcharge.
above, jji fawk. Over against, Overgrow, v. (as
muk&bil. See Opposite.
kabbar katlr, ^.c^Jjî? tatewal
To cross over, ^c.^tîi kata^
katlr ; (to become too big or tall),
t i, i */ tff^?//i ajjlsill.
...
am^la.'rlÛe
min idla'. To pass over a river,
Overgrowth, ^Ûjbj ziyadat al
j^j^c. iobar annahr.
Over-abound, v. ijb:j^.iÛ> sar
kibr, ^4>J!ijL)J ziyadat annamu.
katfir lizyudat.
Overharden, p.
Overbaknce, v. ^^Lcjli fait %ala',
iUi/iulnhn makin biziyadat.
Overhaul, t.
l^'j^\^~r, rajjah al mizdn.
rajiifahas minjadid.
Overbear, v. i_yJutJ *lij zalam wa
Overhead,
mn
a-wd, i
1WM*
Overbid, v.
arms.
taman zayid.
[markab.
tanasgat
Overboard,
Kharof al Overhear, v.
Overburden, r.
kattar al
haml.
Overbuy, v. (buy too dear)
i; ishtara' bitaman ghati.
See Hear.
[dan.
)verjoy,e.
khalah
yastawl kasir.
OVE
751
OVE
Overlabour, t>. (bestow too much Overpower, v, Lc Jij\ iitawla'

zafar, t_^>Lc ghalab.
pains), jt^\J kassar assail.
Over-large, \J^-j^ kablr jiddan,
See Overcome.
0verpress, v. See Overwhelm, crush .
taf min Overprize, overrate,
Overleap, v.
U dsh aksar
tamman bi tamanin ghall.
Overlive, v.
min. See Outlive, survive.
Over-reach, v. y kdbas, <0..>- ^f
iii mil I hilah. See Deceive, cheat.
tawll jiddan,
Overlong,
Over-roast, t
kaslr attul.
> ehawa' kaslr.
Overlook, v. (view from a higher Over-rule, v. ^s^^&j iakawwa!
:ff.V, L.j rfuia^, ,.l_r. Jyi^l
place), ^Lsjjl? tal lala' ; (to e's.istawld âla', jii kahar. See
amine carefully), ^,JjJtJSjli>^sr
Grovern, check.
fahas likol tadklk; (to neglect),
J^*l nli ni ill ; (to connive), ÔA^ Over-run, v. S-^r*" kharral, ,3us
\~--\\ aghmad annazar.
haddatn. See Eavago, harass,
Overmatch, overmaster, v. See
pester; afao to overspread, over
Overcome.An overmatch, -ali<
flow.
muzfir, i_-Jli yhalib.
Oversee, v.
j nazarâla'. See
Overmuch, -li Ita&r. See SuperInspect; also to overlook.
abundant.Overmuchness, *ol>J Overseen, ÛaLc ghaltun. See De
ziyadat. See Exuberance.
ceived, mistaken.
Overnight (before bed-time), Jj Overseer, *. Ja\^ munazir, j>\~*
A^Jlc^^j I- I'lil wakt annawm.
mubdshir, Js\j nazir.
Over-officious, (LliUu-iLiaJ latlf lil- Overshade, overshadow, v. (throw a
ghayat. See Officious.
shade over), Jlij zallal.
Overpay, v. ^yill^Jî'jUj jjj Overshoot, v. (shoot beyond the
dafa-^ ziyfidat ân klmat ashshy.
mark), ^lu^-Jl^Jk-^-jlc-j^
Overplus. ^LLis fadlat, JL bdkl.
darab abâd min al nuhdn.
See Surplus
Oversight (error), Ua- khata, Lli
Overpoise, Îj.^SI-rf", rajjah al
ghalat, î sahti. See Mistake,
i.~>ztn>. See Outweigh.
neglect.
752
OVE
OUT
Oversleep, v. j--\\'ij kisrat

See Discovery, opening.(a pro
annawm. [ghafal. See Neglect.
posal), uo/c ârd, ^K^jju
Overslip J^ljJ tahamal, Jjlij tatakdlm ray.
Oversoon, cuJjIl^J-J kabl alwakt. Overturn, v. iJj kalab. See Over
throw.To be overturned, tJJiJ )
See Too soon.
[e.adman.
*-c
Overspent, ^y-Ki-* munfanl, ^jb.xe
Overstock, v. ijlOiL* mallah
bity&dah, Sec Crowd.
Overstrain, . (stretch too far), <U_-.
ijbJj watsaâho lisyudvh ; (to
make too violent efforts), J^-,J^
*Jtp- c^//.W //(',/(/ jahdoh.
Overtake, <J^k- 7efo, (_/-- kabcu.
Overtax, v. X.\<\-.L oJt (;Â U
^
inkalab. Overturned, (_J>*_LjL

maklub. See Overthrown.
Overvalue, . See Overprize.
^\ w
Overweak, iAs-fc__2..**j dagfjiddan.
Overweigh, t>. See Preponderate.
Overwhelm, . 'i\^-v^-*xii atâb
jiddan.
Overwrought (too much labored),
(#
Ajrt'-V ' "f U^Jy*
nil'.. II'"!
bi
iitind
idzlm.
talab tak&llf tay'dah.
^
c
Overthrow, . (turn upside down), Overworn (fatigued with toil),
nii'.t..*-fli bil ifkar.
t-Jji i?5 ; (to throw down,
s,'.;(. _'j >__'..v_<
' j
Ought, aught (anything), ^^ Ay.
Ought, ($&\.}& kun layik,
daruri, *jtlatum, t_^
ghalab,
See Conquer,
Oviparous, i/a-jlf Jayirf,
subdue.
Overthrow, s. (defeat), *U^_'i\
bayydd.
hazlmat ; (destruc Ounce, . .-- . wakiyat (plur.
inhizam,
iehardb, +\$>\ Our, U wa; as Our books, U.
tion),
inhidum, *Mt> hadm. See Buin.
kutbuna. Ourselves (to. we self),
Overthrown (turned upside down),
munkalib ; (destroyed), Out (not within), \
makhrub, ,*j$<* mahkhary; (to go upon an expedition),
dum; (defeated),c-jjljt* maghlub,
JLjljJ**;* ôzam tafo' attafar
*-'* munhazim.
(to become public), iî^Le dr
Overture, j\.\i>\ izhar, uJjl^ kahf.
mashhur. Out of hand, , '^ruin), <-rJ/>- kharab. See Destroy,
demolish.(to defeat), y_ .. 1 ^
OUT
kalian. See Instantly, immedi
ately.To copy out, JAJ naM.
753
OUT
ofoar mm ghayrihi. See Survive.
An outliver. See Survivor.

Outbalance, . JfcA^j rajjah Outmeasure, v. .xLl jU/ai
almlzan.
Outmarch, . j^ MJa*.
Outeast (exiled, expelled),
jL^ Outmost. See Outermost.
munfa'.
Outprize, v. See Overrate.
Outcry, tîye Mwt, KJ buka, IjJ
Outrage, J^dâ^ naka* fl hak,
. See Clamor, exclamation,
iA i (ford. To outrage, commit
lamentation.(an auction), jl|^
an outrage,
mazud.
Outdo, t>. ^jU /At Lafo'. See
Outrageous,
\i fahish,
Excel, surpass.
mufdih, ,
Outer, Û. */w>y. gee Exterior.
muftarl.
See Violent, tumultuous,
Outfly, v. (run away faster) jp-,-..
tabak.
Outgive, p. (give more than another)
turbulent, enormous.
Outrageously, \fj\jj likol iftird.
Outrageousness, ^JuO
&' ghayrihi.
\T*\ tftira.
Outride, v.
taâddl,
[rikb.
Outgo, . (go faster) J

Outguard, . Jjlyj kar&vml,
Outroot, v.
tdllâh, ^zsUjj nawbatjl.

Outlandish,
See Eradicate, extirpate.

Outrun, p..
larrum. See Foreign.

Outlaw, .
Outsail, v.
markal salak markal.
Outshine, v. (excel in lustre) jU
/' ân siyanat ashnharlât

fjjS." mahrum,
(JiSllj mahkum talayhi bil katl.
Outlet, . îr wofo-a/'.
Outline, a. AAxJ nahhal,
-M
Outlive,
^^JJb fak billam^.

Outehoot, v. lirJowlu-JJi kamcai
abâd min.
[superficies.
Outside, a. ^ ath. See Surface,
Outswear, a.
halaf a/wan min ghayrihi.
ox
754
PAC
haka1 Ox-stall,
\ akhur al bukar
Out-talk, .
\kii--.tit. Oyster,
istiridiya,
aksar mi* ghayriM.
keseb /,/'/
sadaf.
Outvote, v.
Outwalk, v.
ineshi aksar min ghayrihi.
P.
Outward, yî^>- kh&rij. The out
ward appearance, iubUiJUjâll P has an uniform sound in English,
excepting before h, where it
assftrat azxdhirat, &-&-j wajh,
sounds like /, as philosopher.'
jJbUi zuhir.
At the beginning of some words,
Outwardly (externally), \-3jj~e
fnrul a a, Ijslli zahiran, &=--^\j
when followed by t, the Bound is
not perceptible, as Ptolemy.'
JbUall lilicajh atsAhir.
Outwards (towards the outside),
j\!\) bilkharaj.
[wain.
Outweigh, v. ^j^^-'j rajjah al
Outwit, . (deceive) (jLs. ghash,j&c.
The Arabians have no character

for this letter, on which account
they substitute, in general, i_,
when they adopt words where it

'
occurs, from foreign languages ;
ghadar. See Cheat.
as J-j for (J-j, an elephant ; '
Outwork, *. ^^jL.rw hayt barrani.
i for -lj , Persia.' Some
Owe, v. (be in debt) ^J<t-..l. r.
times they use <_.
(_/>jJ for
-1'iiii/h dayn.
[bumat.
Pauliu,
'
Paul.'
Owl, . (owlet) *jj ifl (fern. L^J
Own, v. (acknowledge) ^J iar, Pabular, pabulous (alimentary),
(JjjU* makul.
^jjê-\ i^taraf. See Confess.^
To own or possess, ,_. /</.',' ; Pace, a. *A- kadam, -^^ likatioat
(plur. cul^k=i- khatwat). See
(claim), ly:JJ^ â? ila^wa..
Step, measure.Pace by pace,
Ownership, A A A1 '._ < maliklyat,
iXfU /iX>
kadamin
bi kadam.
(_U3-J tamalluk. See Possession.
i
. .
Owner, . i__^!l malik, L_^-L> Pacification, <t-k.L*o musdlaJtat,
gulh. A pacificator, pacifier,
*"///A, u_i^3^ mutatarrif. See
Possessor, master, lord.
mu&alih.
\_
Ox, *. îu /-rj/vo-r.- (plur.^Ju bakar), Pacific, -: nai'iih.
Pacifically,
PAG
755
PAI
Pagod, *. (idol), ^ watan, ^
suUtan,
sanam. See Idol.

Paid,c
yji^ madfu.
Mildly.
Pacify, v. (make peace), * ^f Pail, . (for milk),
a? ^7zS, ^^J^* malban.
Carnal sulh, ^Jji hadda'. See
Pain,
j.^-_j wo/a^, JUij! in
Reconcile, appease.
bikol sulhin tea saldmah.
See
Pack, package, *. (load), <Uj

huzmat; i!lj balah.
See Load,
fli!<w, J'lj taallum, ^jy- huzn
See Anguish, grief, trouble, tor
bundle.
Pack, 0. (bind up), pj*. haztn.
ment.(punishment), t__'
Packer, *. |*Vj>- hazzam.
Pains, <5j^s:-< mihnat,
Packet, s. (mail), i^-v-lj piikit.
mtuhaickat, x- ya<W,
See Labour, toil.The pains of
child-bearing, ôlsr" malchud.
t<3i,L_>!.Xc e.az
I
Pack-saddle, *. ^^b palun.

Pact, paction, oJ* shart, -^^ âhd,
vXic âkd. See Con tract, bargain.
Pain, v. j_>j w<^)at, Jl //at. See

Afflict, torment ; a&o ache.
Padlock, . Jjy kttfl.
To padlock,
Painful, pained (full of pain),

JLU â/a/.
mutaattim ; (difficult), *_ Pagan, *. ^jj waa5. See Heathen.
saib.
Paganism, AUM^jpiôL^ ^.ibudttt
Painfully (with great affliction, Ju
al atndm.
ligliam,
Page, . (of a book), *** tafhat
-T^J^-J UM
alamin wa tcaja^; (laboriously),
(plur. culs^ gafh&t), ASU

rJ^ bikoljaddinwajaftd,
sahifah (plur. t.Jjls*' sahuyif).
likol sa^l.
The two opposite pages of a book,

c_jli!1Lb daffata al kital. A
page boy, jL: ghalam, ^
See Attendant, cupbearer.
Paint, v. (represent by delineation
and color),
sawwar; (to
color), ^jll lawwan.
Painted, ^^JL^. mankush ; (as a
Pageant, *. â^, mawar,

picture),jj^ musawwar.
mazhar (plur. ^felli. masuhir). Painter, . iva^ musatowir.
See Show, spectacle.
Painting, part, jja* mutawm'
PAL
756
PAL
Painting, .
nafah,
Pallet, *. (mean or small bed),
taetetr. See Picture.The art of
Jiiji farsha hatera.
painting^j^jillj^: ttlmattaswir. Palliate, r.
arnal
Pair, *. _jj zaicj. See Couple.
tuziirdt ; (to mitigate pain, etc.),
'^ . i rayyah kalllan,
A married pair (husband and
wife), i^>-jj zawjan.
khaffaf al waja^.
Pair, v. (join in couples), jj zaw- Palliation, palliative,
waj; (to be joined in couples),
aZ zanl
_.jijji tazaicivaj.
r. See Excuse, apology.
(mitigation of pain, etc.), *^-"ir"
ai ia*r(plur.
Palace, i_>|^
takhflf, (.j*L"J tatkln, ait b U JK
jyai htsur).
madurah latilah.
Palanquin, s.
Palatable (agreeable to the taste), Palliative, adj. (mitigating pain,
Jo JJ lazlz, jy*-sj nafis.
etc. ), v_Îk> U/LJJ *^ J
Palate, . ulXi*. hanak, (J^.\^jAj
(7of>u /,7'//.-// yarayyih kalilan tea
mayutayyib.
sakf al halk.
Palatine (possessed of regal rights), Pallid. See Pale.
The
^JlfhJt-^Ls siikfb htiklal Palm-tree, .
fibres of the palm-tree (of which
kulll. See Sovereign.
they make ropes, etc.), ii.1 ?i/".
Pale (in color), jLe\ anfar (fern.
\jiu> safra).
The palm (victory), i*aj nasrat,
jt]o zafar. See Triumph.The
Pale, *. (for making inclosures), Joj
watad (plur. jljj\ aictdd). An
palm of the hand, jJ!L_s kaf al
inclosure or fence of pales, a
yad, ia-U ruhat.
palisade,
palisado, ^.Jj^jk) Palma-christi, ?^/*- khurtcit..
tlaraltzun.
Palmer, *. ^yr^- Aj)'t
Palefaced, ij>-^\jLe\ axfar al tca/h.
makdasl. See Pilgrim.
Paleness, Jvue safdr.
Palmer-worm, *.
*^ "''
Pall, v. (become insipid or vapid), Palmistry,
al yad,
*J..sL tar dele^; (to make in
See
.
sipid), Oo dalla^.
Chiromancy.
*!X"*
PAM
757
PAP
Palpable (perceptible by the touch), Pan, . (for firying, stewing, etc.),

makla', iU, maklat (plur.
mahsftg,
makall).
kabil al lams ; (manifest), ^"*\j
wiidih. Palpableness (to the Panacea, *. (universal remedy),
touch), (ju-*lJ \iLHj Mbiliyat al
lami ; (manifestness), _;j_j
tawdlTi, ^---J tabyin. Palpably Pancake, . i-jU i c y natc^zalabiyat.
HI lams ; Pane, .
(by the touch),
i zuhiran,
murabba-.at. A pane of glass,
(manifestly),
^r^liî^-jj bi wajhin wadih.
Isitd*.
Palpation,
lams. See Feel Panegyric, ,-.x< madh, Lj Sana,
ing, touch.
k_jLj was/.
[Encomiast.
Palpitate, v. <_- khafak,
Panegyrist, . lj^ maddah. See
rajaf. See Tremble.
Pang, 5. A^ gnaw, ^Ji (limn, ,-flwL' i
. I
i
Palpitation, i^^liiSlÛiiri- khafakan
^LLs*l inkibad al khatir. See
rajafan
al kalb,
Anguish, pain.
[torment.
al kail.
Pang, . ^-sj-j "?ya^. See Pain,
Palsy, s. g \j falij ; (hemiplegia), Panic, . t--^:li,jJcr-
-Û falij ; (paralysis),
raifhat.
Palsied, _jJjL maflnj.
Paltry, .Ji- haklr, vjj darn
khawf mm dUn sabab,

khawf. See Terror, fright.
Pannel, s. (pack-saddle),
samar, <i^^J bardaât
talil. See Mean, contemptible,

(plur. ?<j|,J baradi^).
pitiful. Paltriness,
Pannier, *. J-.'J tanbll,
hakarat. See Meanness.
kartal, {Ju ku/i, <tl_> .v!/Y.;, See
Pamper, v. ijl_i^_j._W atam
Hamper, basket.
biziyudat, J.S J dallal, . r
Panther, *. j*j nwnr,j-i babr.
Pamphlet, *. Jo-!<_ip-^y
Pantofle, . ^^ babush. See
Slipper.
riidlat kadh fi halt ahhad. A
Papa,
bU ^>ajBd. See Father.
pamphleteer, j_._
.-'', f/,-V) // Aai a/ ghayr.
Papaverous (resembling pop""1)
758
PAR
mill al khashkhdsh.
Paper, J^j warak. Blotting-paper,

uJliLj j^j warak nathshaf. A
sheet or leaf of paper, t-ijj
PAR
trary to appearance),
mughaMat. Paradoxical,
ba^ld ân al
Paradoxically,
*'
min nato
al
tvaraka.
Par (equality),
musatcah, Paragon (model, pattern),

kaîdat; (supremely excellent),
a. Jo kadwat, âj^\^ malaho
Parable, . Ji* wasrt?, J_>. **"
nazlr, <di_ilj^ Id *u? laho.
tamll. Parables,
Paragraph, . J*3_J fail. See Sec
J tamsllat.
tion. Paragraphically, (_5ic
Parabolical. ^^^ mouth.
\ ..xie-.M cfl&i' attafsll.
Parabolically, *5L_._i_*-J tamsllan,
Parallel, ^Sj^f^* mutawazl, u?J^
tanml.
Parade, *t.-t-^>.f- Lazamat. See Pomp,
muwati.
magnificence, show. Military Parallel or parallel line, s.
khatt mutauiasi. A pa
parade ar
' aZ ittsaJcir. A parade
or place for military exercise,
rallel figure, i_j\5=mutawatl. A parallel (compari
mldun.
Paradigm, . Jiw w<wa/ (plur. <di
son), (U->*o tashblh, ,_)-i3
umsilat). See Example.

Paradise, jjuyJjifardus (pi
mdsalat; (conformity), it-ftJi^
muwafalwt, Zsubst mutalakat.

Parallel, v. (place in parallel lines),
iCi-io a/ M Jehutiit
jann&i). Belonging to paradise,
mutawaiiyat ; (to be equal to),
paradisiacal ; also the blessed, or
wdza'. See Resemble, cor
the inhabitants of Paradise,
respond.(to compare), <U~u,
i^-yiiMardusi.
Paradox, *. (a tenet contrary to re

ceived opinion), f'j-j' lUidti^,
- .- A: liil-.ni ; (an assertion oon-
mukalalat, AJj
icazanat.
PAR
Parallelism,
759
i' muwatuk,
tawazi.
Paralogism, paralogy, s. (false argu
PAR
jlL, iaflcik,
Adulatory.
Parasol, *.
tufayli. See
[Umbrella.
shamsiyat. See
ment), ^dJUAaJ^lfc^ burhiln lu Parcel, s. (small bundle) 4s*V bukja ;

hakikat laho, tJUj;..iJJj dalil
(a part), <Ua- hissah, iUL5 kn.t-.nt ;
ffhayr burhSni.
[See Palsied
(a number), Jj,_c ta<?a(f. See
Paralysis. See Palsy.Paralytic
Quantity, mass.To parcel (di
Paramount,
vide), ââfv ^.n^-i-v. ^>J Icatiam
ala',
aklar,
l Vr r\
husas
husas.
dkram. See
Parch, t>..
Supreme, eminent.
i ihawa',
Paramour, *. Jîlc
See
Lover, mistress.
Parapet, *. (wall breast high),
sattara. A parapet of lattice
work, (^jjJj'jO darabs&n.
Paraphernalia (goods in the disposal
of a wife), j\g>- jahaz,^ mahr,
ij\3~a sadak.
i shalwat. See Scorch.

Parchment, J^ roH-.
Pardon, ÂA â/, îi^ maghfarat,
^]jA. yhufran. A pardon (war
rant of forgiveness), <uliAc
nama.
To ask pardon,
istoffhfar. To ask pardon, or

make an apology for past offences,
Paraphrase, . ^jU-*-î s/tarh

taksirin salafa minim.
majdzl, J^M&J tafslr. See Com
mentary,
interpretation. To Pardon, v.
paraphrase,
^ safah ân. See Forgive.
tJtarah,
AJ ânal tafslr. Aparaphrast, Pardonable, j'suu yughfar, -~
sharrdh. See Commentator.
w&jib al
Paraphrastical, ^jjlsr'^- .ij
mmtawjib al ghufran.
bisharhin majazl.
Pardoned,
maghfur laho,
Parapluye. See Umbrella.
Parasang, *. (a Persian league),
Pardoner, *.
i farsakh.
Parasite, . (feast-hunter, flatterer)
Pardoning,
"are, v.
Lffhafur.
Lc ffhaff&r, j^fjs. gMfir.
karad. To pare off
PAR
760
PAR
the skin or rind, J' talakh,

kashar.
Pared, ^j^JL* makrud.
Parry, w. (the thrust or blow of a

sword) <JUy ,*?JUS<UI-K_J,.JJJi J
i_ Q-...II dufac. tan nafsihi didd
darbat assayf.
Parent, g. (---Jî karayb, jjlj
Parsimonious,
Parents.
bakhll. See
tc&lidayn. See
Frugal.Parsimoniously (covet
Father, mother.
ously), ,J . "v^ , & jj>j binawîn
Parentage (extraction), ,Je\ a/,
tj*uj ;/#.?/, L_ ^...'i ,11-M/h, See
lakhll. Parsimoniousness, par
simony (frugality), J^sT bakhul,
Descent, genealogy.
Parental,
Parity,
iitidal,
nasabl.
muthabahat, Jljcx! Parsley,
tashdbih, <J_LjU Parsnip or carrot, . jjsj- yazr.
mumasalat. See Equality, re Part, . (piece, portion)
semblance.
See Share, portion, lot.(share,
Park, *. ^
lot, portion), *-"~~ hisiah, AA+*J
park.
Parley, .
kismat; (business, duty), J--=
lamal, j*\ amr, tef^* mtulahat.
A parley, <LJL, mukalamat,
iiJfls'* mukhutabat. See Con
See Action, conduct. (side,
party), t-J^b taraf,
versation.
Parody, . Ji^ wwa/, ^..JLJ taihblh,
The best part of anything, .
khulasat. The third part (of any
thing), f_^-\'i suit. The fourth
Parole, <LI kalimat. See Word.
part, ^.jj ritb^. The fifth part,
(promise), j^cj tootrf.
Paroquet, !^gs^ durrahsaghirah.
khums. From every part,
Paroxysm, s. c^-ij wakt,j^ dawr ;
ft^ minkoljunib. The
(of a. fever, etc.) (Jkk.l,jJ
forepart, jâ sadr. See Fore,
front, first.The latter part,^>-T
alhumma'. See Fit.
akhir. See Latter, hinder.In
Parricide (murder of a parent),
jJl^ll katl al wulid. A parricide,
jJljJjU katil watidaho. .
Parrot, *. i^ durrah.
whole and in part, i^*rr^L<^,.r

mm kolll icajuz't. Parts (faculties,
abilities), cJj^jl idrak, JJLc
PAR
761
PAR
faruiat ; (quarters, Participable (capable of being shared

regions), ^j\Ja\ atraf, ,^]\j\
or participated),
akallm, i_isj '..*- mamalik. See
mumkin al mwhurakat,
MiULj!
//'/ / mu&harakat.
Country, district.In every part,
^
i-^jlsf J(j/i koljdnib.
Participate, w.<Uas>- ii-l akhaz hissat,
Part, o. (divide, share), *~J kassam ;
Ls sdr shank, t&
(to separate, disunite), ^.ki /<</;/-,,
Carnal mushurakat. See Share.
Participation,
cJl^xil Mtiruk. To
jj^s farak, J-si /<wa2. To part
give a participation, <Ua>- Jail
(be separated), âsu\ infaaal;
fi.iii' hissah, â.i-- hassas.
(to take farewell, c
f
Participle active, *. JjilaJl^-:! m

Partible (divisible), j
al faitl. A participle passive,
mumkin al iftir&k.
J^*L*11*Î ism al mafûl.
Partake, v. (to have share in any
thing), lUr^Jki-l akhad hissah, Particle, *. ijj sarrat or darrat.
A particle (part of speech), <_>j>.
C/)Li shurik. See Participate.
Partaking, uLC^l iharlk. See
harf (plur. -J^>- huruf}. A
Participant.
conjunctive particle,
Partaker, *. <Ua-iiJ //< hissuh,
harfal
JMsr* Jc-i akhid hissah, i__x.' .i
attafoir.
A particle of
thoflk, ^_:'iLV. musharik. See
action, JxUJli'ljl 0<ftz o^ /ditf.
Partner.
A vocative particle, ij>Jl ''/*
Parted, ,>ujJL< muâram, J-/^-
harf al nidu.
mafruk, tjy muweasa^. See Particular (not general),
Divided, separated.
[z*rzj.a.
Parterre, . <Lcjj rawdat, 4*>jj
Partial (inclined to favor one side),
mughrid ; (not universal),
iAa, ^yiZj+A ghayr
i
Partiality, A--OJX gharadiyat.
Partially, ^ ..- JC' bikolyharadiyat.
ghayr lumuml ; (single, indivi

dual), J7_i_< mufrad ; (odd,
whimsical), \ - - *^ tajib; (un
common), jlsjc^j; ghayr mu^tad,
i^-fj , "_^_ mustaffhrab. See
Singular, strange.
Particular, . (anything belonging
PAR
762
to an individual),
<L-eyjM>- khusiisiyat ; (an indivi
PAS
kismat ; (separation), ^l^j _/?ra>t,
j^jjl iftiruk, JLaij\ infital.

A partition (wall, etc.), jj^li
dual), tâsr~' thakht, Jî fard.
See Person.(a single point,
thing, or instance), Jjfard; (a Partition, v. (divide by a wall, etc.),
kntiL-..
See
pM kasam,
minute detail),
,..
Particularity (something peculiar),
Divide.
Partly (in some measure),
(individual!ty),rfLo \ ^.ifardaniyat. Partner, *. ulXî sharlk,
Particularize, particulatc (mention
sharah Partnership,
shar&kat,
distinctly),
ishtirak, i&j\
shirkat, i_Iril tafsil.
mushurakat. To be in partnerParticularly (distinctly),
sar sharlk.
tafsllan, J. ....îft-r.Ji
ship,
attafsll, iLiL* mafassalan ; (pecu- Partridge, .
Party,
jy /arJ* (dual,
liarly), *iLgj.aS- khutuian,
khusatan ; (extremely),
W gh&yat, <ulc gh&yat,
iliil gh&yat al ghuyat.
Partisan, *. iu^>- harlat. See Hal
A party or select
assembly,
mo;7t
AAd* ; (side),
janib.
berd, javelin, pike. (an adhe Party-colored, ^^st mitialawtein,

j^yll,* HI i! ! H: ti-a,/.
[tarof.
rent), <_**; ro/ii ; (a commander
of a party), i^ns.^jujj rayyit Party-man, . uJ^t-_^-Ls sahib
Party-wall, *. j-LUik.*. hayt katii.
Paschal,
^.**i fathl.
Partition (division),
A^yiiJ' iukx'iiii, J-:'. '^ tiirzc. Pass, v. (go forward, by, or through),
See Distribution .The partition
of an inheritance, tiJ^.**!l,UuSJil
iktisum al mirus. The fee to a
judge for determining a partition
of inheritance, iU-M*3l*->^ raxm ,'
i_oo /<// ; (to cross over or

through a river, etc.),j- âbar,
j* mar, AM nafad ; (to be at an
end), , c~.,Lr """' Mini tiifit. To
depart this life,
PAS
763
PAS
irtahal win haul al c_idlarn.
See Passion (opposed to action),

Die.To pass a law, .- hakam,
annafs.
tjL sharai. To pass sentence,
See Grief, sorrow, anger, rage,
* C-w^kcl a^ta' Imkm, Cpi
love, lust, desire, hatred, malice,
xhara-.. To pass, pass by, pass over
etc.Without passion (or anger),
(omit), CSjJ tarak, ^J nesi. See
Neglect. To pass (allow, admit,
approve), ..jui-V tahassan, (J.J
/'v>v/. To pass upon, <*!*- uLf
t_.arL A//" ffhadab. The pas

sions of the mind, iujLyjij^^sl
aghrad nafsaniyat. The passions
of love, Jnlj'HA hawu al

Carnal Mlah. To pass for (per Passionate (prone to anger),
sonate another), dlU-J^ Carnal
ghadub, _.l^tJ!^l>- h&ml al
hulaho.
misaj.
Pass . (narrow road or passage), Passionately (angrily), (U^^-iJô
manfad; (of a mountain),
bikol hammiyat ; (with strong de
sire), &*.jj&j bikol rughbat.
Passable (possible to be passed), Passover , /**loufi
ui. tld al kablr.
; (sup
portable), J-isV. yatdhammal. Passive (unresisting), ,J ..-t _-^ <
See Tolerable, allowable, popular.
mutahammil, ,JjtU^ musuhil.
See Putient.A passive verb,
Passage (road, etc.), <Jj.Jf tarlk.
See "Way, ferry.(journey),
J^*A* mafûl, J^s^ majhul.
safar. A passage in a book,
Passively, j_-_-*juUofJij iiio/
tul/iinnnul WMdbr. See Patiently.
Passed over (neglected),
Passiveness, JJLaf tahammul, .**

munsa' ; (forgiven),
tabr. See Patience, submission.
maghfur laho.
Passport, . ci^j L,J pasaport.
Passenger, . ^sLu.* mvsafir, j)\z Past (not present, gone), ,et
/f/?, i__filLj .sf////, Ajiju^ mufoattarlk, <ô~\j r&hil,
tf/A- tuiabil. See
kaddim, ^jL> sabik.
Traveller.
Passing
Past, a. JfjUJI assiilik, (-jtll

almiidi. Things that are past,
PAS
764
PAT
.'~ latodlif, ,_-' - tawabik.

ittlaf; (to feed cattle on pasture
Those who are past (predecessors),
grounds), ^c, raâ'.
Pat (exact, suitable), c.-;l' /<v ./,/;.
. -w~!' a/ mutakaddimln.
Past (beyond, above), Jjy /awi.
See Fit, opportune.
Past hope, Jj-UM J^J /<w al Pat, v. (strike gently), t-J^ darab.
mamul. Past ability (of doing Patch, . (on a garment, etc.), txij
anything), ijjJiL ii7a kudrat,
ruktah. To patch (a garment),
7<Z kuwat. Past all danger,
^Jij rakka^.
L 4i7a khatar. The participle Pate, (jwK ra. See Head.
past, J..TV!' *_' ts a/ mafiul. Patent (open, public), -j'<-i> Aayu,
ifclli zahir.
Paste, *yj-J>- khamlrat. See Leaven.
(flour and water for pasting), Patent, *. C^J^ farman, <î'\j>
.j-jjc^ :'/"' To make paste,
baraat, ..~~. ,-,., -iwAfir (plur.
(j** iii/iin.
To paste or fasten
^rriiLx i/t ii ni'in//il-'i.
The royal
with paste, ^jUs! A'^v/-. See Glue.
signet on letters patent, j'ro/if..

[4raa<ft.
Pastime, -rjte tafarruj. See Amuse
ment, diversion, play, [grazier. Patentee,*.
dbawl. Paternal
Pastor, . ^c^ rfitf. See Shepherd, Paternal, ,j
succession
miras. See
Pastoral, *U/lSc_Jj^3_l_^ matuvb
Heritage.
lilruâh. See Rural, rustic.
Pastry, ^^s^CjLLar^ muhliyat Path, s. (Jjje tank. A path which
has no thoroughfare, Jju*il!t*
biajln,<^J\~!jMi~*mabgusat ; (con
mtilaho manfad. See Road, street,
fectionery), c^LLs-* muhliyat.
tract.
A pastry cook (or confectioner),
Pathetic, 4..J i baligh, \~i mtthayyij.
,J^]i&- halwanl.
Pasturable (proper for pasture), Pathetically, _.^-. c .- i-.'iiaw^m
muhayyij. To touch pathetically,
uyC<r*M-rj>- kharj almarâ'.
Pasture, pasturage (grounds), .fr*
_: -> hayyaj.
marâ', ^j* martai. Pasture, Patheticalness, ^^-iill^v..^ ^j^y};'
^
c_
pasturing, \_f-ij* martaî.
annafn. Sec Pathetic.
Pasture v. (feed as cattle),
Pathway, *. ,ij ]c tarik. See Path.
PAY
765
PAT
Patience, -~ sabr,
To have patience, ,~e tabar. See
Patient.
sdbir, jy~e sabur; (in
grammar),
afiiil. To
tahammal,j~o
be patient,
tutor.
Patient, . (person indisposed),
marld,
Patiently, j~ej/
it sair.
Patly, LibS laylcan,
maitarat.
Pattern, *.
Paucity, <Llj ieilJat, *

See Scarcity.
Pave, v.
ballot.
Pavement, *. WL lalat.
Paver, pavier, . _:!_>. muballit.
Pavilion, ^>- khaymat (pi. .---'khuyam), *\ : **. khiyam. See
Tent.
Pauper, --.
-Jl* mukln, ..ii i
fakir. See Poor man, beggar.
MfcoJ munasabat, .
layakat. See Fitly, opportunely.

Patriarch, (JJ^laJ iairfari (plur.
&_^,l_laj latarakat) . A patri
archate, lUxi-lu latrakiyat.
Patrimonial, ^Jjjij mawrus,
^jL mulkl. Patrimonial pos
sessions,
ru*.
Patriot, .
teatan. Patriotism,
Patrol,*, (night watch),
w al layl,
Pause (stop), L_MJJ tawakkuf. See

Interval, intermission, delay.
(suspense), <&w> shubhat, >__;~
A1/"'/-, J-VJ taraddud. See Hesi
tation, doubt.To pause (make
a stop), iaiy tawakkaf, ^_-_- .
wekef; (to hesitate), JJ^Ji <araddud.
///;/Aii
Pawn, *. ^^ raAw. See Pledge.

A pawn at chess, ,JXJ baydak.
To pawn or give in pawn, ^.jJkj
rahan. To redeem a pawn, _-
^j&^/ai arrahn.
Patron, . (j"j\- haris. See Pro Pawned, ^j&j* murtahan, i^f>j*

marhun. A pawner, ^^ rahin.
tector.A patroness, A_^\_aharisat. Patronage, <sjU>>- hi- Pay, t-. ^JJ ^"/a^ Jj wa/'. To
pay wages, ^j.Lti! _;J ''''/"r '
mayat, AiL-e sayanat. See Pro
û/oi.
tection, guardianship.To pa
tronise, ,<->=>- hama'.
Pay, rt_JyLt lUliifat. See Wages,
PAS
764
! tawdlif, ,_'' tawalik.

Those who are past (predecessors),
, ~-w~^! al mutakaddimln.
Past (beyond, above), j
Past hope, Jj^ltJljjy /awi
PAT
->"'<(!'; (to feed cattle on pasture
grounds), J^, rayj'.
Pat (exact, suitable), fjj$ Idyit.

See Fit, opportune.
Pat, v. (strike gently), *-JfO darab.
marniil. Past ability (of doing Patch, .1. (on a garment, etc.), tJUj
anything), ,.,Jo.j 4(7o kudrat,
rukâh. To patch (a garment),
/I.- kuwat. Past all danger,
rai. See Head.

i7a khatar. The participle Pate,
Patent (open, public), j'/-i shayii.
past, J.x>_t!'_*' /M
Paste,
zahir.
- khamirat. See Leaven.
(flour and water for pasting), Patent, s. ^.j\-*j3 farm&n, CLJ'^J
ii'i/n. To make paste,
baraat, ,..lx. matwhur (plur.
j^fS^ âjan. To paste or fasten
^-_il^ BwwdsAlr). The royal
signet on letters patent, -?>}>
with paste, ^â! lasak. See Glue.
J , li'ii.'L'i: rafl^.
[baraatli.
Pastime, -yi5 (afarruj. See Amuse
ment, diversion, play, [grazier. Patentee,*.
abatoi. Paternal
Pastor, *. j
rat?. See Shepherd, Paternal, ^j
succession, _',-. miru. See
Pastoral, sUÛt^j-a-i-^ mansub
Heritage.
lilru^tih. See Rural, rustic.
Path,
.. JO I terzi. A path which
Pastry, ^^jS^C^LLar^ muhliyat
lias no thoroughfare, .v> ..^k.
'//. iV''',^-~ '---- '"/'-M' *"/; (con
mataho manfad. See Boad, street.
fectionery), cyUwS" muhliuut.
tract.
A pastry cook (or confectioner),
Pathetic, ^j /.,,',',,/,,_._. muhayyij.
Italiodnl.
Pasturable (proper for pasture), Pathetically, _^. c .- itnairîn
muhayyij. To touch pathetically,
>- AAar; a?
Pasture, pasturage (grounds),
^Jk hayyaj.
marta^. Pasture, Patheticalness, ^ûJjî.-.-fi '"'''.V'./
pasturing, ,j-y martact.
annaf*. Sec Pathetic.
Pasture t'. (feed as cattle),
Pathway, *. îjîr terfi. See Path.
PAT
Patience,j~a tabr,
To have patience, ^- sabar. See
Patient.
Patient, jLs sabir, jê sabur ; (in
grammar), Jj**-* mafûl. To
be patient, J-ia^1 tahammal,j~a
sabar.
Patient, *. (person indisposed),
marid,
PAY
765
Pattern, *.
mastarat.
kinat, *c
Paucity, 4
See Scarcity.
Pave, v. 1
Pavement, . Wb baldt.
Paver, pavier, s. .^^.* muballit.
Pavilion, tt^jrv. khaymat (pi. ,<
khuyam), /*L__ei> khiyam.
See
Patiently,
bikol sabr,
Tent.
bi labr.
Pauper, . (^Lu^t miskin, j*&-J
Patly, *LiLi!l laykan,
/aizr. See Poor man, beggar.
ij'ioZ mundsabat,
Pause (stop), L *i" tawakkvf. See
layakat. See Fitly, opportunely.
Interval, intermission, delay.
Patriarch, CJ^laj ia^rzari (plur.
(suspense), ^-1 shubhat, clXl
'--i I'li1 bataralcat). A patri
.-./'('/-, JJ^J taraddiid. See Hesi
archate, iLJOjLu batrakiyat.
tation, doubt.To pause (make
Patrimonial, C-1. .._- mawrus,
a stop), u-tLJy tawakkaf, ^J_;.
^^L* mulkl. Patrimonial pos
wekef; (to hesitate), JJ,j <asessions,
raddud.
ra..
Pawn, . jjJi^ rA. See Pledge.
Patriot, .
A pawn at chess, JjJ^-J baydak.
teatan. Patriotism,
To pawn or give in pawn, ^
hibb al watan.
rahan. To redeem a pawn, i
Patrol, <. (night watch),
arrahn.
Patron, .
Aam. See Pro Pawned, ^j* mwtahan,
marhun. A pawner, ,-fi*
tector.A patroness,
hSritat. Patronage, 6.>l*- hi- Pay, v. jjj </o/aj., v.j toafa'. To
pay wages, Aijljl!j_!j dafa^ al
mayat, AiL* sayanat. See Protiilufat.
lection, guardianship. To pa
tronise,
hama .
Pay, A_jlc titliifat. See Wages,
PEA
766
PEL)
pension, stipend, hire. Monthly
A green peacock,
pay, -~<l. mdhiyat.
tawus akhdar.
w&jib al ida,
Payable,
I-.! >..,L^ n i Kul I; in al 11-111a.
Peak, . (top of a hill),

r<J ajjalal.
Fay-day, jj.v!1 ..; //..'',
See Summit, point.
Peal, . (of thunder), AJ ra^d;
Payer, *. (of debts, etc.), *Jlo
(of bells), <Lki tantanat.

Pear, *. jô^^ wryus, <t-el=r' a-
^jJl diifiâddayn.
Payment, \J\ ida, Uj wafH.
Pearl, s. ^ lulu. A large or royal
Pea, peas, . i_/o*>- hummus.

Peace, * sulk.
See Quiet, con
pearl, -.yiij.J durrat attuj.
tent, amity, silence.A treaty of Peasant, . _.!> falluh, c jlj ssdr*^.

See Countryman.
peace,
MJAc. âkd al sulk,
mmalahat, ; jo- lr_ . mu- Pebble, . La.~v. Aa*d.
Peck, ;. (as a bird),yu/lor.
The peace of God,
JJ'V-L: Kulli,it illItil/.
Peace be
Pectoral (belonging to the breast),

iîJus sadri.
with him, /lLu_!l<uLc talayhi

Peculiar (appropriate, not common
(usaldm.
To make peace, J^c

makhsus,
Mas, ijOj^s"
-^ gfuiyr ittmumi.
Peculiarly,
;l_r>- khdssiyat,
to all),
c <?("/ sulh. To renew peace,
ls.- jaddad al tulh.
To
sue for peace, ^*lirJii <a?aJ

assulh.
To infringe the peace,

than asndh.
To ob
ua- khusuiiyat,
khdttat.
serve the articles of peace, ,<^
Peculiarity,
*\ '" -" "
sharayit
khdisatan.
rdâ'
[See Mediator.
Pedagogue, . J-.'-Lt muâttim
durrdkah.
(plur.
[nakdi.
Pecuniary (relating to money), o J*ii
Peace-maker, . JLc imtsulih.
Peacock, .
khususiyan,
s&n shurut
assulh,
Peach, *. d
khwutan,
tutous, or
awlild.
See Schoolmaster.
Pedal, (J**^lj,/fe; yiikhus arrijl.

Pedant, t. v.-^' nahaw't, <i-l^ -ii'
ghalabah.
767
PEN
Pedestal, *. (base of a pillar),

Pedicle, *. jL, tSL See Stalk.
Pedigree, , -,'' nasab (pi. c__%Luj|
ansab), Lâ\ asl (pi. (Jrfl mul),
JuJ nail (plur. JU*Jl ans&l).
Peel, V.J&J kashar.
Peel (rind), x** ialakh, ^3 kathar.
Peep, v. *J lamah, Joj nazar, Sis'
. See Look, glance, inspect.
Peep, . (sly look)
lamhat, (^Ls^ lamahan,
nasrat. See Glance.
Peer, . (equal) (jÛ^ mukarin.
See Companion, nobleman.
Peerless (unequalled),
malaho nazir,
U malaho
PEN
Penal laws, J. Jo- hudild,
al hudud ashsharîyat,
Jo- hudud ashshar^.
Penalty, . iuj f>- jarlmat, <L*l-c
gharamat. See Fine, mulct, pun
ishment.
Penance (chastisement), <-! >-c
_;LiLc e,ikal.
Pencil, . ^Ls^,JJi kalam rasas.
Pendency, <_-J-*}' ta^llk ; (suspense
or delay of legal decision), -jiJ-U
W/lAir al hukm.
Pending (not yet decided),
mahkum IM.
Pendent, pendulous, ^K^ muta-
Penetrable, UJl^jL*^ mumkin al

nafiit, ^JUl^lj kalil attdslr.
a? m/zo;',
Penetrability, jUJi^lC*! imkan
i_j.~ii ffhadub.
al wo/as.
Peg, *. Ju. waârf (pi. jljjj! awtad),
Penetrant, penetrating, penetrative
musmur (plur.
(piercing, entering into), JusLj
Pelf, JU aZ. See Wealth, riches.
?8o^z. Penetrating (inspecting),
*
Pelican, *. *i- rakhm,
y \ IT + muttalii. Penetrating,
manl, Jjlfc^c
Peevish, -,1^*11 A-
r i/i-(-,n<!il.
penetrative (acute), ^s-l}^jj^

u/. See Bright,
sarlâlfahm. See Discerning.
clear, transparent. Pellucidness, Penetrate (pierce), iXftj nafaz, Jo- J
&lLi thafafat. See Brightness.
dakhal. See Bore, enter.(to
Pen, .v. Jj kalam.
reach the meaning, inspect nar
Penal, ^'|js-yaa!a'j,
rowly), jjjuwl amian, f*^
Pellucid, t
PEN
768
1'EO
adrak, w-- fehem. Sec Compre
mutafakkir.
hend, conceive, understand.
melancholy, mournful.
Penetrated, jy* muassar.
See
Thoughtful,
Pensively, ÂJ ijÂr. See Mourn
fully.
[/.
Pensiveness,
munsad,
Pent, pent up,
munj..\^. < masdud,
âZa-. "See Shut.
Peninsula, *. */J=f- jazlrat. The
peninsula of Arabia, -_;yM iîj?- Pentagon, a. j_^Lsr* mukhammat.
Pentagonal, pentangular (having
jazlrat al ârab.
Penetration (into anything), 0\sj

nafad, ^Jlj tatlr (plur. c
tasirat) ;
five sides and angles),

Penitence, <LljJ nadumat, <L'y
[al taterah.
mukJiammai.
tawlat, *_i:'lj taassaf. See
tateriyat, i\jf^\
Pentateuch, sEepentance.
Penitent, penitential, jU nadim, Pentecost, ^..
I, _Vr^\ jjrf a-stUiu.
j nadinan. To be penitent,
*Ju nedem.
[nadim. Penurious, J--a7 bakhil. See
Niggardly.
[AM/tAw M? bukhl.
Penitent, . i_iLc'lv mutaassif, *jU
it nadamat, Penuriously, (
bukhl.
Penuriousness,
;j tanadduman.
Penknife, . ,i|.i-Jj kalamtrdsh.
Penury, -,1.-.-^ \ ihtiyaj, <iQj kiUat.
Penitently, i!jcj
Penman, . (fine writer), j_^Jb

See Poverty, want, indigence.
katib mdhir ; (author), People, (J^>- khalk (plur. (Jji^khaluyik), *- iat^m (plur. .'.-'
muxannif. See Writer.
akwum], iju^\3 tayfat (pi. (.JJjlîs
Penny-royal (herb), ji. tartar.
tawayif), L- ->.j AtJ (plur.
Pension, *. ii^Lc
maâsh.
\_pdufat.
4_jy_*i sAw^fiJ). People of
Pension, v. "tjAcdJ^J^ Carnal laho
various nations, <ulxsr*i_jljl?
Pensioner, pensionary, . <Jjjl*l
tawayif mukhtulifat. Thecommon
people, (jwUl,*^ cwwaw ond,
._/-- -.'..""'. See Commonalty
ittlufat.
Pensive, ^, ' . nmtaammil, _-
populace.
769
PER
PER
siyahat, ->_.._: ghurbat.
Peopled,
Pepper, Jiii fulful. To pepper,
jjj falfal. Peppermint,
. See Mint.
See
Peradventure,
Perhaps ; a/ao doubt, question
Perambulate, t>. (walk through),
^t^Li\t fat min.

Perambulation,^.* itilur,j*> tayr.
Perceive, v. cL/i jl adrak, ^ti
See Understand, see, hear, know,
observe.
Perceived, *!.*. 4 ma-J,um, ,^<
See
Travel.
Peremptorily, jljlj^<lj>-^ biwajhin
katiitm. See Posi
tively. Peremptory,
See
Dogmatical, positive.
Perennial, *j^J dayim. See Per
petual.Perennity, ,^J dawam.
See Perpetuity.
Perfect, ,LJ tamam, *ki tarn,
1:11 mil, ^,-*-C. mukammal,
^^tc,, mutammam.
To
make perfect,
ma/hum, *fi^- munfahim, k_ ..\,i
amalaho
kamil, /Uj<ilj- tamalaho tamam.
mudrak.
[liyat al idruk.
Perceptibility, cJIÎ-LljU Adi- Perfection, perfectness, *
itmil in,
Perceptible, perceivable, J.'Lj
Perceptibly, perceivably,
i&hiran.
Perception, (j*L*-\ ihas, c
. ^. i
/I'//,,..,
Perfectly,
See
Exactly, completely.
Perfidious, ^^ khuyin. A. per
fidious villain, ^j^*- khawwan.
See Villain, traitor.
, jo) basar,
Perfidiously, <LjL..S.J_,i 4d-oi
khiyiinat. To act perfidiously,
See Knowledge ; notion, idea.
Perchance, UUjI Mifakan.
See
Perfidiousness, perfidy,
Perhaps.
Percussion, ,.<->- sadmah.
khiyanat,j&& ghadr. See Fraud,
deceit, treachery. [Bore, pierce.
Perdition, cJia> halak. See Ruin,
See
death. Perdition catch thee ! Perforate, v. t_* a
/";.v"/ A'.' .
'. t mwuakib,
Perforated,
Peregrination,
.. t
PER
Perforation, i
770
PER
Ju sakb.
Pericranium, *. (membrane which

covers the skull), tfsrf"J samhak.
Perforator, . (boring instrument),
Peril, i" khatar, i^ls-* OTMi_^jil* maskab. See Auger.
Perforce, \$i kahran^j^- jAbran.
khatarat. See Danger, hazard.
See Force, violently.To seize Perilous, Jasr mukhtir,
mukhawwif. See Dangerous.
perforce, rj
Perilously, ^-^7 bi khatar.
saw.
Perform, v. +*J
Period, *. (round of time, circle of
Performance, J.^t Carnal,
years, days, etc.), jjJ dater (plur.
tjSfl y>o. See Action.(literary
j\,^\ adtcar) ; (time), o-;_.
composition), i_g.'-.n" tasnif, LU 1
wakt, ^L*) zad, Ap c.c,W; (a
tAd. Performance of a pro
full sentence), i_L^>- jumlat.
mise, \Ai\ ifa.
Period (conclusion), ,LJ tamdm,
Performed, J^*&- mafiiil,
iL.jUj nahayat. See End.
,/"". M ;., Jl^-t . ,,ll!:i it/ill il,
Periods or cycles of years, j\j^

j\j\j adwdr wa akwar.
Performer, .
fuîl, jU
Performing, j?arl.
d^tl.
Perfume, ^^7 lalihkhur,
rayhat taybah.
Perfume, . ^sT lakhkhw.
Periodical, t~SJ\}^ dawtedrl. See

Circular.Periodically,
nawbatan, etc.
Periosteum, s. (membrane that
covers the bones), JJ/* dari^.
Periphery, Sjj\J dayrat. See Cir

Perfumed, ^kin mutattar,
cumference.
mubakhkhar. To be perfumed, Periphrasis (circumlocution), ioli!
u taâttar.
*\Q\ ifddat al kalum.
Perfumer, . jLJac
The Peripneumony (inflammation of the
trade of a perfumer, ijlkc ât&rat.
lungs),
arriydh.
Perhaps, "liLi-jl ittifakan, J_l Perish, v. uj3j helek. See Die,
laâlia,
rot, decay.
Pericardium, . (the envelope of the Perishable, Jjlj sdyil,
H ataawdl, ^JU fdnl, _.._
heart),
hyal alkali.
771
PER
PER
sa> ii azzawal. See Frail. Peroration (conclusion of an oration ),

Perishableness, Ixi /and, *iXc
khdtimat al kaldm.
UJ ' tadam
al lakd,
Perpendicular line, *. a,\:V fV
*~
Peritoneum (a membrane which en
ichatt mwstakim, Jj_fk^>- khatt
closes the bowels), jjlLoll atsifak.
iamttd. Perpendicular,
Perjury, j^j xur, (..Jjli^LjL-L*.

halafdn kdzib.
[halaf biliur.
Perjure one's-self, f. j^jJlj

Perjured, i^xs-* muhannis.
Permanence, permanency,
kiydm, lib id, cul
Perpetrate, v. (a crime)
Perpetration. <j\&3j\ irtikab.
Perpetual, *j'o duyim, *_)dcu
mustadim, ^^tj^sarmadl, i^Jj!
abadi. See Eternal, continual,
permanent, perennial.
Permanent, uôLJ sdbit,

mustamir. See Perpetual.
#
Permanently, Uj' J dayman.
Permeable (possible to be passed
through), jliill JjUiiaJz7 al nafaz.
Permissible,
al ijazat.
âmmad. Perpendicularly,
âmiidan.
[trtikab.
tca;Vi
Perpetually, Ljlj dayman, ^^Lc

/UjJl tola' addawam, \fl\*t\>}
duyim al ayydm. See Always,
constantly, continually,
santly.
inces
Permission, * ?-i yatat, * -r -^j Perpetuate, v. ,*_>!j<)LL? âmalaho

rukhsat, ^ *'zn. By the divine
dayim, \j*ZM~*&\jtSf jaâlaho
permission,
bi amr
mustamirran, *jJ dawwam.
allah ta^dla',
W
Perpetuation, perpetuating, j\jM~i\
istimrdr.
Permit, .
' ijdzat, Perpetuity, +\jJ dawdm, /jj datcm,
aita' rukhsat,
,' ,,4"....-l istimrdr, Uu ///, c
aâ' *zw, -s^-1 samah.
Pernicious, j^>t mudir.
\_Aarni. Perplex, . (distract the mind),

Perniciously, Jyi^JiLj bikol maJU\ shaghghal al bul, JA- hayPerniciousncBB, , ~e darar, *
yar, i^-i shawwash. See Puzzle,
madarrat.
plague, torment, vex.(to make
PER
772
intricate, confound), laLi. khalat.
PER
istimrar,
ii'ioi i,> mi--,.
See Involve, confuse.

Perplexed (intricate),
,.
bimdawamat.
mu- Persevere, persist, o.
ittamar,
shakkal, ^j.~ muihawwash,
mukhtalit, ^_t~. mutadawam âl
r. Perplexed in mind, ^Lofc.
Persia, JS*IJILJ bilad, at tajam.
hayran. See Irresolute, doabtful.
Persian, adj. ,5-*^ âjoml, ,r*j\*
To be perplexed, ^.*-jV*a
farsl. The modern Persian lan
idr hayran, i\i-l Mar.
guage, (_*_sr*M(i,L*uJ lisun al
Perplexedly, s,^>~Jî bikol hlrat.
âjaml.
See Intricately.
Person, t. (^=*" shaks, jij nafar.
Perplexedness, perplexedly, U^
See Man, woman, individual.
Hha.lt, ijiij **j tashwlsh. Per
Person (exterior appearance),
plexity or distraction of mind,
Xj+a surat, (J^Li shall, JUi<_jy3*jl idtirdb.
khayul. See Figure, form.A
Persecute, v. jl^lajl Mahad. See
person in the Trinity, /*jiJ^ a-
Torment, importune.
[hud.
Persecution, ' !_ zulm, jLl^.: ' <Persecuted, .v^-.-^- muttahad.
Persecutor, t. Jîa*^ mutiahid.
Perseverance, persistence, iL-lj^
muwazabat, <LjLv< mudawamat.
See Assiduity.Perseverance in
anything bad, j)/^ wrdr.
Perseverant, persevering, persisting,
persistive,
mudawim, ..^ mulSzim.
Assiduous.
Pcrseveringly,
num (plur. (-J^^ akariim). Per

sons, ôli^l ashkhds. In person,
cu! jJU imdt. A certain person,
^,1* /ton ; (in grammar), The
first person or speaker, !-, *
mutdkallim. The second person,
or person spoken to, c-^Lsr*
mukhatab. The third person, or
person or thing absent or spoken
of, !__-;>_Lt ffhayib.
Personage, *. (person of distinction)
.'."// niUitabar.
Personal,
sati,
Md,
PER
773
PER
Personality, a,' ...i*-*1 shakhsiyat, Persuade, v. j kana ^,

nasah
LÛi. khasat. See Person.
See Advise, incite, influence,
inculcate.
Personal!}-, C^jJb bizzat,
Persuader, s. _-^li nasih.
bi nafsihi, &3\ jo bi zatihi,
Persuasion (endeavor to influence),
bi shakhsihi.
u nasthat ; (opinion, belief ),
Perspective (glass), (jîjj^ durbln.
iitimad, Jui^c' i^tikad.
The science of perspective, *Lc
jlaill cYfoz annazar,
Persuasive, persuasory, s\j nasih.
al basar. See Optics.
Persuasively, ^{j^kf-ji bi wajhin
nasih.
Perspicacious (sharp of sight, acute
of discernment), J^.^jj i-o- LJ Pertinency, isLJ laydkat. JLÛ
munasalat, fii^ muwafakat.
sahib bailrat.
Pertinent,
<_f\)- muwufik, ^3
Perspicaciousness,
perspicacity,
l&yik, ur^~iU^* munaiib.
J tadblr, Sj\ ^>- hazakat. Pertinently, tUû^JJ^ 6 //!'/ mwraasabat, iul^jJXj itô/ tnwcafakat.
Perspicuity, perspicuousness, ^Lj
bayan. See Clearness ; aZso trans Perturbation,
ijJU tashiclsh,
parency.
idtirab, lj+*- hlrat.
See Distraction, disturbance.
Perspicuous, îlli za/(>, ,jjL< Jbayyan, f"\} wudih, ^c\j natik. Perturbate,
See Clear, evident.
idtirab.
Perspicuously, ^^to-^j liwajhin
See Disturb. A pcrturbator,
teSdth, lyiUj zdAtra
iltaJl.^*^ rarnl alfitnat.
biwajhin edfitr. See Clearly.
Pervade, p. Jo-J dakhal. See
Perspiration, jyi âra
Penetrate, permeate, enter.
baslrat, <uiii fitnat, ,_|AC
Perspirative, perspiring,
Perspire, . jf^c
Persuadable, persuasible, ^
yunkani^, i^.îJI JjLii
annaiifiah.
Perverse,
muânid, jij> sharlr (pl
ashrar), ^y^* mayshum, JL?
ili'ill.
See Obstinate, peevish,
stubborn.
Perversely, jLj J& bikol fasad.
34
PER
772
PER
intricate, confound), LLi- khaht.
iztimrar,
-Ji--'
/"/'"/
M I!'.''' I -
bimddwamat.
See Involve, confuse.
zabat, <L<
Perplexed (intricate), (J^ji** mu- Persevere, persist, v.
ittamar,
ihakkal, ,>'*-*-* muxhatcwash,
\rL ,Ut. iri'i:.,ili In".

%a*i<tr. Perplexed in mind, ^L.3Persia, +s^\Jl-) UU
hayran. See Irresolute, doubtful.
Persian, adj. ^-s^ âjami, ^>j\*
To be perplexed,
farsl. The modern Persian lan
*ar hayran, j\z&-\ iht&r.
guage, .. 4 y^l^l-M...' liidn al
Perplexedly, Xj-*~ J&J bikol
âjami.
See Intricately.
Person, *. i,-^*""1 shaks, jij nafar.
Perplexedness, perplexedly,
khalt, \Jtj yî tashtnlsh. Per
plexity or distraction of mind,
<_j\Ja<jl idtirab.
Persecute, v. jlîi^ Mahad. See
Torment, importune.
[Aarf.
Persecution, Jii zZi, jl^lxtf^ 'Persecuted, JigVr.-i* muttahad.
Persecutor, . Ajlici muttahid.
Perseverance, persistence, <Lisl^
ia a/:-,> -e' israr.
Perseverant, persevering, persisting,
jwwapersistive, part.,
mustamir,
mudaicim, jL mulazim.
Assiduous.
Pcrseveringly,
. jjj _.
See Man, woman, individual.

Person (exterior appearance),
fj+o surat, Jc-~ shakl, (J^=^
khayul. See Figure, form.A
person in the Trinity, [^j' oinui (plur. (-jlJi^ aidn!>). Per
sons, ..oli^l ashkh&t. In person,
Cj! JJ b iizd. A certain person,
^li fulan; (in grammar), The
first person or speaker, !&.*
mutakallim. The second person,
or person spoken to, i^.^lsli'*
mukhatal. The third person, or
person or thing absent or spoken
of, ^-olc ffhayib.
Personage, *. (person of distinction)

rujol mu^ta&ar.
See
, J,\J zdtt,
Personal,
ktiat,
nntlchg#s.
PER
773
PER
Personality, i n~> ihakhsiyat, Persuade, .

<U=li- khaiat. See Person.
See Adviso, incite, influence,
inculcate.
Personally, C^lJJU bizsdt,
Persuader, s. f*\J nasih.
binafiihi, <GlJj bizatihi,
Persuasion (endeavor to influence),
In ihakhsihi.
UaJ natihat; (opinion, belief),
Perspective (glass), ^jjJ durbln.
The science of perspective, Ac
! iitimdd, jUic! ittikad.

Persuasive, persuasory, ^"li nasih.
'
al basar. See Optics.

Persuasively, ÛÂ^jj bi wajhin
nasih.
Perspicacious (sharp of sight, acute
of discernment), J^DC,,^ L? Pertinency, &U layakat.
munasabat, i^Lj'. nuwafakat.
sahib baslrat.
Pertinent,
(j*\y muwafik, (jji
Perspicaciousncss,
perspicacity,
layik, i_^-il^ )iii'/iiii!i.
baslrat, aJaj fitnat,
%akl, ^ jj tadblr, i! jo- hazukat. Pertinently, Û-iU^JJo /.?'/';;/ muna
Perspicuity, perspicuousness, ,.)Lj
laydn. See Clearness ; a&o trans
sabat, tUJ^tJJo /j/X:n/ iitH'i'i'ifiii,'!'1 -
Persuadable, persuasible,
yunkani^, Ajel.,^-. , \\ J-'Lii
annaslha/i.
See Obstinate, peevish,

stubborn.
Perturbation,
tashtcisk,
parency.
idtirab,
Perspicuous, yj>lij zd/M>, (j^ muSee Distraction, disturbance.
bayyan, ^\j toudih, jilj o<;t. Perturbate, j^ljjjU J^f C^W
See Clear, evident.
wisA, C-J^la^l^ c_am^ idtirab.
Perspicuously, ^*^<l>-jj Mwajhin
See Disturb. A pcrturbator,
wadih, lyblia lahiran,
iiiil^lj rfiwl alfitnat.
biwajhin zuhir. See Clearly.
Pervade, t>. J^-J dakhal. See
Perspiration, J^ tar
Penetrate, permeate, enter.
Perspirative, perspiring,
Perverse,
mu^&nid, jiujî sharlr
Perspire, .
*y*~* mayshum, JLi
Perversely, jLj,jj bikolfatffd.

34
PET
774
PHA
Perverseness, perversity, jLc înad,
Mamas, U>- i/jj kaddam raja,

le<X*J*iM kaddam istidâ, , ^*j
jLJ fasad.
See Obstinacy,
tamanna'. See Supplicate.
peevishness, stubbornness.
Petitioner, .(>>îyt< mu^rid, i_p**zbt
Perversion, <-_>liijl inkildb,
multamis, i_JU3 iu^, JjLi *ayi7.
dalal, iff.yii taîclj.
Petitioned, t-jjlli* matlub, 4J_j-
Pervert, v. iWJl afsad,
masfd.
See Corrupt, seduce, [munkalib.
Petre, JjjUl^* tt7A aZ barud.
Perverted, J^>J.- mafsud,
See Saltpetre.
Petrifaction, j^sF^ tahjtr. To pe
trify (change to stone), ^^5.?
talaieat. See Lecture.
tatnalaho hajar. (to become
Peruse, >. jJUs <a?t, ^Jj
stone), jt*j\*> stir hajar.
See Read.
Petticoat, s. ^li*ui_/fo<aM.
Pest, \Jj waia, (jj*^ taûn. See Pettiness, jLs sttyhr. See SmallPestilence, plague.
ness, meanness.Pettish. See
Pestilence, s, ^)&^>
Fretful, peevish. [considerable.
isalat, AJ\J~I sirayat,
Petty, j,ju> Baghlr. See Little, inPetulance, .<.liLi shakuwat, &c.
Pervertcr, *. Juu&* mufsid,
mudill.
Perusal, lUllix* mutalaât,
Pestilent, pestilential, pestiferous,

<_)jl gidam adab. See Pertness,
mudirr, ^jJjt* OTMtrfi, (_S;L)
sauciness, insolence, peevishness,
wantonness.
. See Infectious, malignant,
destructive, pernicious.Infected Petulant, .JLi shakl, -^'^ bUa
adab. See Peevish, saucy, pert,
by a pestilential disorder,
matûn.
insolent, wanton, perverse.
Pestle, s. (of a mortar),
Petulantly, *_.lL-iJ_j i//-..'
iyd al hawan, JJ^ mudak.
shakdwat. See Pertly, peevishly,
saucily.
Petition, . (jfl/1 tard,
Pewter,^.) Juai kasdir.
ârd hal, Jlj- *o/,
iIdni Ox, \P?J raja.
Phalanx, s. ^L*. âsdkir.
Petition, p.
Phantasm, phantasma (a vain ima-
PHI
775
gination), JiL JL>- khaydlbutil.

Phantasmas, i^-0!Li- khayalat.
PHO
adlb, Cjlil Jls td/i'w loghat. See
Grammarian, critic.Philology.
Sec Criticism.Philological. See

Phantastical, phantastic, ^\ .-<Grammatical.
[ingale.
khayall. See Capricious, whim
sical.
Philomela, JJj Ju?iuZ. See NightPhantom, s. Ijye gurat, JL- Philosopher, *. i/f- AflifOT (plur.
lehayul. See Ghost, spectre.
l^-Ca- Indi'in'ii, (_>j.<"\..' ifaylasuf,
Pharoah, ^jf-ji farûn. The people
(plur. i&Jhjfalusafat}, Jlc
of Pharoah (the Egyptians),
The philosopher's stone,
J kawm far-.un.
klmiii.
Pharmacopeia (treatise on drugs), Philosophic, philosophical,
j\s kitab tarklb
faylamfl.
al adwiyat.
Philosophically, aLLJ
ajzdjl.
Pharmacopolist,
Hoc
bilol hikmat wafahafat.
See Apothecary.
Wisely.
Pharmacy, <U^_W Jx îlmal adwiyat, Philosophy, <L^_k.l Ac
sam'uat
hikmat, ilLuJjiil alfalsafat. Sec
tarklb al adwiyat.
Wisdom.
[Reason.
Pharos, . (jMî\i fdnus,
Philosophise, r.iiuuLaJ'te/a&a/. See
mundrat, Jj*.i~ mashial. See Philter, . (love potion), ^J?*'*
^ '-'H ma^jun alîshk.
Light-house.
Phenix, . Uixc ânkti. The phenix Phlebotomist, s. jl^j fasiad. To
phlebotomize (bleed), JMOJ fasad.
of his age, ^>~\^î\
Ini-iii' alawayil walawukhir.
Phlegm, **!o balgham.
Phlegmatic (abounding in phlegm),
Phenomenon, iiOli nddirat,
lalgJiaml ; (cold), J_,lj
hadis.
I'Jiial, *. Uu..^ thlshah.
Philanthropy (good nature),
, _L! ' muhabbat annas. See Be
nevolence.
Philologer, philologist, . t_^:>^
artV? al misaj. See Frigid,

duU.
Phosphorous (morning star), <
najrnat
kawkab alfajr.
776
PIC
TIE
Phrase, . $j\?-- îbarat (plur. Picked (chosen),

CJ^Le tbard.). See Expres
takhab ; (gathered), /*
sion.A proverbial phrase, Ji*
Picker (one who culls),
masal.
n> tin tnl;Idh, , -jJ.. in a. HI' I;I; i.
Phraseology, *,iLa îbarat, <LJ
loghat, (^LJ II'M it. See Diction, Pickle or pickles,
mukhallal;
style.
(salted),
mwnallah. Pickled
Phrensy, phrenetics, ^j
meats (in salt), L
^Lyj xn,:w,,t. See Madness.
makbusat. To pickle,
Physical (relating to nature),
tablet, iJ,\J zdtl. See Natural.
Pickpocket, *. <"\j*- haraml,
Physically (according to nature),
arrai. See Cutpurse, thief.
l^yJ? talii.il/nii,
Picktooth,
*. (toothpick),
Mwajhin tabiil.
^li-:j!\ muhkash al itndn.
Physician, *~--~v tabib (plur. LL1
nHlihn'.. *.C-^ hakim (plur. LX- Picture, s. Jy.âiJ taswilrah,
hukamu).
Physic (the science of healing),
(medicine), L;
(a purge), (Jf*^ mutahhil,
gharbat.
[s&hib Jirasat.
Physiognomist, .
Physiognomy (science of),
^7 a/ teajh, cLijîSl.Lc ^7 aZ
ftr&sat ; (countenance), te^j wajh.
Pia Mater (membrane which covers
the brain), -UjO1' *' umm addimagh, Lwuc gJiisM.
Pick,
iu nidkn' . jlsS-l ikhtar,
t_^sscUl intakhab.
choose, select.
See Call,
naksh (plur. ^j&J nukiiiJi),

surat (plur. jye eawar),
kitulat. The first sketch of a
picture, Sj-Jfc hlyula.
Picture, t>. See Paint, represent.
Pie,
See
Pasty, pastry, magpie.
Piebald, (_jL)l allak.
Piece, *. (bit),
kitâh. See
Part, patch, fragment.A piece
of cloth, i*i i ruk-.a. A piece
(literary composition), lAjl insJia,
cfyV'gJ' tamlf. A piece of manu
facture,
Piecemeal, in pieces, _
PIL
777
Pierce, v. (Jia? bakhash, Afj nafad,

w--.a-i sakab. See Prick, pene
PIN
tiyu/iat. The pilgrimage to Mecca,
^~ haj. To go on a pilgri
mage, j\\ tar; (to Mecca, etc.),

trate, bore, perforate, enter.
Pierced, t_Jiii* munsakib. See
Perforated.
Pill,
Piercer, s. (boring instrument), Pillage, ijlc ghurajt, Lwo yaghmS,
v_i, masicab.
<.-{> inMi. See Booty, plunder.
Piercing, part. JjU nafid.
Piety, I_AJ taktoa'', i^J daydnat.
Pillage, v. i_-~fi nahab, UjcJ^c

t.ii/i/ij yaghmd, uJ~J salab. See
Plunder.
Pillar,
s. Jj^c lamud. See Column.
khanuilr).
The pillars of the state, ^Vj*
Pigeon, *. <Ltk- hamumat. The
J-\!' arkan addatclat.
domestic pigeon, ^..Lj yamSmat.
Pillow, s. i'j^sr* mukhaddat, ii\
Pike, . &j- harlat, f*j rumh
takkayah.
(plur. -t^ arm&h, ~^-*j rum&V).
Pilot, *.
See Spear.A half pike. See
markab, \,^j kalawuz.
Javelin.
Pimento, ,l# bahdr.
Pilaster, .-**Jpts. âmud saghlr.
Pin, . (juuJj dabbfts.
Pile, . '%-.i Lttti-ntut.. See Heap.
Pincers, ^yi^ kalbatun,
(a piece of wood driven into
the ground), Jjj ,//,./,/ (plur. Pinch, f.
Pinch, .
kartah. See Squeeze.
j'j/ an-/,itl). A pile of buildings,
Pinched,
makrui.
Uj Wa. See Edifice.The piles,
tanawbar.
Pine, *. (tree),
j^ji bawaslr. See Emeroids.
Pine-apple,
Pile, v. *-*? jama^, î kaiewam.
annas.
See Heap, accumulate.
Pine, 0. (languish),
Piled, .J--C* mukatetcam.
Pink, s. (flower),
kurunful.
Pilgrim, . jjlj zuytr ; (to Mecca),
To pink with the eye,Jî gJiamaz.
Û- ô; (fern. \^-l- hajjat).
See Wink.
Pilgrimage, t. sj^j tiy&rat,
Pinnacle, J( .. (V.Pig, t.jjjî. khanzlr (plur.^jjLsl-
PIT
778
PIT
Pious, JU> salih (plur. ^
pitch, JLLÛ ^.-dr sayyal. Pitcli
satifln).
Piously, lyij^lSo bikol takiva,
i_$yu bikol takwa''. [See Chirp.
Pip, v. (cry as a bird), j^jsj ssakzak.
Pipe, . (tube), iU*ai kasabat. A
(measure, degree, extent), A>hadd, /*5i\ V-... mutilbakat. See

Proportion, rate.(stature), <Lli>
kamat, A_Jr /W ; (height, ele
vation), clftj
water-pipe, c_jUv* mwznZi. A Pitch, f. (smear with pitch),
^'r( '/;/' ; (to fix, plant), L_ *.-?.>
glister-pipe, (j^s"* mahkun.A
To pitch a camp, k^jj
musical pipe, i_?li way. See
nasal al khiyam. See
Flute.
Camp. (to fall headlong), kiLi
Pique, ^foiu bughd, jJi- Jiakd, <L;lj
mil-ill, i_SjSti haica' ; (to choose),
nakuyah. See Ill-will, malevo
lence ; /*o punctilio.
t_~%acij] intakhab, J lam.
Pirai-y
glU_iU-_j.oj takthlt HI IttJir,
Pitchiness, culis zulmat. See Dark

ness, blackness. [black, dismal.
Pirate, *. ^b^ Aur*dM, ^'"^ Pitchy, iiis mu^tim. See Dark,
Pirate, f. ^Ji karsan.
Piteous, pitiful (exciting pity),
Piratical, tj\~>jii kursanl.
(compassionate), .-...
Pish ! _j& <a/fi. See Fy ! pho !
lU-j^Ji karsanat.
[kursiin.
Pismire, s. <<Lj namlat. See Ant.

Piss, \ ^-" AaM, Jjj bawwal.
Piss, Jjj iawZ. See Urine.
Pistachio-nut, *. JH-UJ fustuk.
Pistol, s. i'^'Lj tabanjah.
Pit, . jU gMr,j-j blr. See Well,
ditch, abyss, gulph.
Pitapat,
khafak&n
See Palpitation, trip,
al kalb.
step.
Pitch (inspissated resin), o-- ;
'fll, jli idr, jj klr.
Liquid
mushfik; (paltry),
^_..-N-, iiKi-.iitm.-t.
Contemptible, wretched.
Piteously, pitifully, A&JLZi^
shafakat. See Compassionately,
sorrowfully ; also contemptibly,
wretchedly.
Piteousness, pitifulness, <LJLJ
shafakat, <Uc^ marhamat. See
Compassion, tenderness, sorrow
fulness ; also wretchedness, paltri
ness.
PLA
Pitiable (deserving pity),

<t?-j!l wdjib arrahmat, \^muttawjib athshafakat.
Pitiless,
adlni
shafakat. See Inhuman, cruel.
Pitilessness, <&LiJt,
ashshafakat, jLj^t|*>
al imdniyat. See Inhumanity.
Pitilessly, <ULLilj Mia shafakat.
Pity, <LfuL> shafakat, t^vy-* marhamat. See Compassion.What
a pity !
Pity, . *-j ra/km,
shafak âla'. See Compassionate.
Pix, . (vase), u-i^lj sarf.
Placable, *.,L>- Mz. See Mild,
gentle, pacific.
[ness.
Placableness, *L- Mm. See MildPlacard, *. (manifesto or edict
posted up in a public place),
iJiii,i.
-Place,
PLA
779
IC* maian, J^^ mahal,
(plur. j__-p^4_^
maskan (plur.
masakin). Place (priority
of rank), jj>_^> .W/-, i' ,L\_^sadHrat. See PrecedencePub
lic character or employment,
t_ T^'- - mansab, <L*J>.=U Tchidmat.
destination, a halting place,

manzal, J^JjJlJ-s-* mahal annuzul. See Inn.A place for
gymnastic exercises, ^ ,.\ , . . *
middn.
See Gymnasium.A
place of meeting or assembly,
j_4ws^ majma^j yuLs" majlis.
A lurking place, ,.^~* kammin.
A place where any show is ex
hibited, y_ -i^ i i/iiiUr/li. Any
place where one stands, /UL
mdkam, !jt mamea. Any place
where one sits, ^l^** makan. A
place where one trips or falls
down, la.JL.u.-* maikat (plur. L^L^-.
masakit). Any place to which
one returns, ST/* marJai> ^Jt*t
muîid.
A high lying place,
<uLe iilliiiiit.
Whatever is sub
stituted in the place of another,

Jja badal, êf- <Mwad. From
place to place, ÎC.^JÎL*^^*
mm mak&n ila' makan. In the
first place, ^ awwalan. In the
second place, \-.,_jlj taniyan.
From another place, ^J-*^,^
^S-| ;m mahallin dkhar. Places,
mahfillat, -^
^ amakin,
See Office, degree.A market
matdrih.
place,
bazar. A place of Place, f. - '((/'(-., L-
PLA
PLA
780
Plainly (levelly), j^~* nuutawiyan ; (without ornament),

mahtut. A placer, j-c^j tcorftt.
<Ljj)b bila zlnat ; (sincerely),
Placing, jjartf. ^\j tcadi^,
jj^slb bit sidk; (in earnest),
hatit.
Placid, *-Lo fiw, (-l=- Aa^tw,
hatikatan; (evidently),
Placed, c J .- mawdft^, leâsf
J wajhin zahir.
attal^.
See Gentle, quiet, mild. Plaint, ii'^Ll shikuyat, a-*j naichat.

Placidly, Aclju J
See Complaint, lamentation.
J^ /'/ wafhin hallm.
Plaintful, plaintive,
Placidness,
<ac, \jj waM. Plaintiff, s.
Plague, .
See Pestilence.
(anything Plait, *. <U;j tawyat, <Lij tanyat.
troublesome), ^_Ju3_j tasdii,
Plait, P. (jr <',
u-i-l^ te*ft/i S-'^3^' idtirab.
Plan, . (scheme), (^c/c gliarad,
Plague, v. (infest with pestilence),
Jtîi aZ. See Design.(form,
jij totan; (to vex, tease), J^
or model), Ijye surat, ~>j rasm,
- i.V-VTAI tH mill ''"/"' /(''/':.
u-JlJs telib. The plan of a
Plain, *. (level ground),
building, iÛ_*!)*-y r<ww al
mldan, ,J^-j su/>/.
Plain (smooth, even, level),
Plane, v. (make even),
tahhal.
mwsattah,
Plane tree, *. k_J J
najmat
(void of ornament), *jL; sada; Planet, .
tayyarat, jj\
(clear, evident, not ob8cure),ykll:i
whir, jib JaA*r. See Discern Plank, *. _jl ZawA (pi. ^_j!l a/teaA).
Planks, etc., for a house building,
ible; mere, hare.
<)ii_>!,li kdrastah.
Plain-dealer or plain -dealing, adj.
//7...v.
salih, JjU: âdil, JjU Plant, . <d^2> shatlih,
(plur. (jw^cl aghras).
See Honest, artless.
-X
Plain-dealing, . JjiA-s
See Honesty.
Plant, .
To plant a cannon,
aras.
PLA
781
akhaz nuhan bil madfa^,

harrar al madfa^.
Plantain (herb), J^k.l^LJ lian
al hamal,
dan aljadi.
PLE
sahn faddah.
A large
plate,
sahn kabir. A
thin plate of any metal,
sajihat, &J tanakat.
Plantation, planting, k_-aj nasb, Plate, t\ (with silver),
ghari. A plantation of Platform (on the tops of houses,
trees,
saf asjar. A
etc.), I_M-. sakf, f-* gath.
t
plantation or colony,<tcljjzarato<, Play, ..
%eb. To play or
Mania.
Planted, <_j^_:i,. mansub,
mat/hrus. Planted in a row,
.>jjîjjj^L_j.î . ^ mansub
sufaftufaf.
Planter, t. ^ji gharrds, ^J^c-
jest with anyone,

mat. See Jest.To play with
life (to expose one's-self to
danger), (Ujuj^JsLi- khutar bi
nafsihi. To play upon (ridicule),
jLcLlxs"^1 tadahhak ittla'. Sue
k-'
ffharis, t_-w?\j ndstb.

Plaster (for walls), ^-^--^7- jabxin,
^^s>- jibs.
Plaster, *. (or dressing for a wound),
<Lip lazkat.
(HI
Deride, gibe, laugh at.

Play,
ticb, <L*J lu^bat. See
Sport, amusement.
Player, *. i_~^ Iditl
Playful, playsome,
Play-game, children's play, play
thing, <Lx! Iit -.lint.
Plaster, v. (a wall),
JJ layyas;
(to apply a plaster to a wound), Plea, <Ls?~ hijjat, ,&. s.wsr,
dahan btl marham,
hat lazkat.
ihtijdj. See Lawsuit, allegation,
Plastered (as a wall), yX _"_V-t
apology, excuse.
rnulayyas ; (plastered as a wound), Plead, p. (a cause), ^^*^- hama'
<L5jJ dulc âlayhi lazkah.
i.an. See Defend, discuss, allege,
Plat, v. ^ naaaj,jL dafar. See
excuse.
Braid, weaTe, twist.
Pleader, s. IjcJ^J-Sj wahl adPlate, . ^s.-0 sahn. See Dish,
da^ca.
See Advocate, coun
trencher, bason, Silver plate,
sellor, lawyer.
PLE
PLE
782
Pleading, s. _l.=a.1
ikhtiyHr, Jy murad,
&3\j\ irudat. To pleasure. See

mubahasat.
Please.
Pleasant, ia^lai latlf. A pleasant
place, _.ri>J^'* mahall sharih, Plebeian, %-^-if tuadi^,j*i- haklr.
See Common, vulgar, low, mean.
See Delightful.Pleasant (gay,
Plebeians, ^*\A\+\jS. taicum
lively), j)j-*u masrur. See
annat.
Cheerful, merry.
Pledge, *. ^j rahn. See Pawn,
Pleasantly (delightfully),
gage, surety.To give a pledge
bikol inshiruh; (gaily),
for the performance of any con
bisurur. See Merrily.
tract, etc., crfc,>v_ji3^ '
Pleasantness(delightfulnes8), -|/k^
To receive a pledge,
inshirah, l.-~- */ ; (sprightliness
akhaz rahn. Pledged,
of conversation), L-nlai lutf,
marjiun, .,^-.-t murtahin. See
Pawned.
Please, 0. (delight), _^1> sharah,
Pledget, . ->.. marham, A-" \
law /I,SY,'/, ^j^ rafo'. See
laskat. See Dressing (of a wound),
Gratify, humor; satisfy, content.
plaster.
[turayya.
Please (imp.), wll?U.i__el Kallif
Pleiades, . (constellation), ^-J^5
khatirak. Please to send us 20
Plenary, J-l^ kumil. See Full,
bales of T. cloth, \^Ji^^>-^>
complete.
i__> * Ir^- < .1 1' r * U narjukum tarsalu Plenipotence,plenipotentiarypowers,
linn âshrin balat kham ti.
Jilii ,,". ,,i\ istiklal. A plenipo
Pleased (delighted), \sy*~* rnabtnt.
tentiary (negociator invested with
To be pleased, 1;-J' inbasat.
full powers), jila^J-^j n-uk'il
See Glad, content.
Pleasing, adj. L^.< mubsit, _/^,.,
mwltrih.
See Pleasant, delight
mutlait. A plenipotentiary com

mission, <L)lj wakalat.
Plenitude, 5L-.1 imtilii. See Full

ness, completeness.
Plenteous, plentiful, j)\j w&fir,
iatzat. See Delight, gratification,
^lj fayid, j^> ItaAr. See
voluptuousness.(choice, will),
Copious, exuberant, fruitful.
ful, agreeable.
Pleasure, jjj wrur, la^ a/<Z, jj
PLO
783
Plenteously, plentifully,
It ifrat, \j* kasiran,
Plenty, plenteousness, plentifulness,
]e\j\ ifrat, *Ji-& kasarat, tjij
wafrat. See Fruitfulness, ex
uberance,
[ifrat al akhlat.
Plethora, plethory, LLji-lilijj^,1\
Plethoric (full of blood or humors),
1 damawl.
Pleurisy, .
zdt ajjanb.
Pleuritical, pleuritic, Cjl
> ~,y\ flhi marad zat ajjanb.
Pliable, pliant (easy to be bent),
^jXsrt^ munhanl, ^yic^\(j^^t
mumkin attaâwwuj, *x!!,Jj\_J!
kabil al âtcaj. See Limber,
flexible.
Pliableness, pliancy, pliantness,
_y!!<LL!) kiililiyat al iawj.
Pliant of temper, *SL* muluyim,
j_-li^Lv nullHI ffull-,.
See
PLU
ktf, (JJ^ji tawafuk; (a scheme,
plan), ^jOr^- gharad, <j nlyat,
Jwai kasd. See Design, contri
vance, intrigue. (stratagem),
^J.n.~- hilat, ^.3 farm. A plot or
piece of ground), ^J\^sdi kitât
ard, *-L) sdhah, {.jSfa taJtn.
The ground-plot of a building,

> ii'it adddr.
,
Plot, v. (conspire), ^jÂ
Carnal
ittifak, <jii^J(J*f Carnal tawafuk;
(to machinate), iLL^-^J^ Carnal
hllat. See Contrive, plan, scheme.
Plotter, *. (^rJ^S iarlw, (jf^j ra/zi.
See Conspirator.(a contriver of
,..* t
i
_, .,
fitnat. See Contriver.
Plough, s. ^ JJ faddan.
[till.
Plough, i^y>- âra. See Cultivate,
Ploughman, ploughboy, plougher, t.
fj\j farifr <-L>\jo~ ftarras, _i

/a/ZdA. See Eustic, peasant,
countryman.
a^ta' kaldm, Ploughed, i^jjjS* mahriti.
;./' iiiiii'in. See Ploughing ox, *. Îjj fadd&n.
Persuadable.
Plight, v. (faith),
Pledge, pawn.
[Condition.
Ploughing oxen, ÎjiJ fadd&n.
Plight, (J">- hal, wW halat. See Ploughshare, s. iLCi sikkat.
Plot, s. (conspiracy), jlijl ittifak, Plumage, (,/ujj r5A. See Feather,
ii/'i-.ufiadnt,
rtcfiplume.
(plur. tuljuiU; tttidhuddt), Plumbery (manufacture of lead),
i muwusikat, i^Jii\sC tahajUt^ karkhanat nrrv
PLU
784
Plume, . (feather worn as an orna
POI
jamîyat, lj& kasarat.
See Majority.Plurally, \*^>janân.

Plump, /+?*>- jasim, (^*^ samln.
Ply, . .*--' tanyat, Ojjo iateyat.
See Fat, corpulent.
t_
See Fold, plait.
Plump, t\ (make fat), ^.y^ samman.
Pneumatical
(relative to wind),
Plumpness, <LLuj>- jaiamat,
ment) &**j rlshat.
^ >Jb Jiawa'i.
[tt'/w al hatca.
sumn. See Corpulence.
Pneumatics, pneumatology, 1^!\J>
Plunder, Ui_> yaghma,
ghanlmat (plur. *jlii ghanayim), Pocket, . t_->-^- jayi.
Poem, . i>JuaJ kasldat. See Ode.
ij\s. gh&rah, t";C nahlb,
Poems, J^lâi katayid.
nahb.
Poesy, A.r-i ''!_: ://-,' <?/ atAâr.
Plunder, v. t--fJ nahab,
Carnalyaghma. SeeRob.depredate.
See Poetry.A poetical motto on
Plundered, <__.^Lu^. maslub, i_-'^_<
a ring, *jU>-(jlJiJ naksh kh&tim.
manhub.
Poet, . ycLii shaîr, J?U nacim.
Plunderer, . i^JLi .^; ''//-, (_j'.^
Poets, |yt^j shiiâra.
nahh&b. See Bobber, depredator. Poetess, . ^cLl shdîrat.

Plunge, t>. (anything into water), Poetic, poetical, (jy*-i A*trI. A
ghatttu, Jyi gharrak;
poetical work, ^\jjJ diwan.
Poetic licence,1 j...nuJ \*>t*e
(to plunge one's-self into water),
*/j~
(_/Jac ghatas. See Dive, sink.
darurat al shi^r.
To plunge into difficulty or danger Poetise, v. j\xJ*\^% Carnal athûr.
without design, LJll^l^jj^c Poetry, j_s^ taj^, Jaj nasm, (jOjyfi
c'.v;W, ^j^xll.tic ./'HI a/ -.arfid.
,'1;<-^. gherek fll muh&lik wal
Poignancy (sharpness), JL>- hiddat.
akht&r.
Plunge, *.^Jai ghatinjijitj taghrlL
See Pungency.(severity), --x_X
Plunged, ^jMp\i ghdtis.
shiddat. See Asperity.
Plunger, i. Û ghSyu, ^j Poignant, jU- Aarf. See Sharp,
ghatewSi.
acid, pungent.(severe), .X'.x-i
Plunging, part. fs mitgharriL
ehadid.
Plural, j-*ir jamt_. Plurality, Point, *. A- had; (of n swnrd),
POI
785
POL
a- had assayf; (period), Poison, * sam.

las-* ,i- it/in/ ; (dot), <LkfL> nuktat ; Poison, i'. ,,_- an in antni.
(nicety), <tj nukteh. A point of Poisoned (killed by poison),
in a?,a (i i, ,-*^ musammam.
time, ALjJ dakikat, (j.j&\Lj>Jb
tarfat al tayn, dJis' lahzat. See Poisoner, . *-^^ musammim.
Moment.A point or head-land, Poisonous, AM mwiimm.
Jr^ \ (_,lj ras aljabal. See Pro Poisonously, ^..' lisam. Poisonousness, *^J \.*>L. mahiyat aisam.
montory.The point (chief cir
cumstance of the subject in hand), Poitrel, . (armour for the breast of
j*l\lj*Ju nafs al amr. A material
a horse), ^^,<j warband.
point, **j*\ amr muhirn. See Poise (equilibrium), ,JljCLc! /-. //'<//,
.J jl^ muâdalat, -^j';-* witn.'iiImportance. The equinoctial
point, JljOf^lilkfU nuktat al
xanat, ^jj wazn. See Weight.
i-.li'/tit. A point, aim or mark, Poise, . (weigh), ^Jj w;;^. See
(jOj. gharad. An orthographical
Weigh.
[adr.
Poker,
.
jlxJ
i
cl/K.s^
muhrak
point, <Lkii nuktat. From point
to point, *tU - lAUb", nuktah Polar, ^^JjJ &<<Jz.
linuktah.
Pole (of tho heavens), i_. ^
Point, v. (sharpen), ^ sun. To
The north or arctic pole,
point or point out, _L_eJj
ÛiJI alkutl ashshamdli. The
rfa^ ta/'. See Show, indicate.
south or antarctic pole, \_ -\*&\
To point with the finger, .<-)
j^st\ alkutb aljunubl. The two
wama''. To point orthographi
poles, ^.jfî kutlayn.
cal!y, LJuka. hat nukat; (mark Police, JJJtL.^ dalt al lalad.
with vowel points), Ll^li^kJ.,^ Policy (art of government), JLC
wadaalharakat. To make a full
iL.ylk.1 îlm al hukumat. See
point,
mahat.
Politics.(art, stratagem, pru
Pointed, jU>- hud. See Sharp.
dence), <u=-. hikmat,j,.ij tadblr.
Pointedly (exactly),
Polish, . (smooth, make bright),
Jju> sakal; (to make elegant of
Pointless, LiD_/*.' lighayr nukat.
manners), <__>jl addab.
POL
786
Polish (gloss, brightness), Ji*

sakl; (elegance of manners), u\Ja
zarafat, c_>J^ adab, AiUa! latafat.
POL
mamlaktt,
atsaUanat, fyAJ\jf*A vmur
addawlat, *yjJ^^l wmfir <rf

iitmum.
Polishable, JJi-oiJ yunsakil.
Polished, J^* mujli, J^-ft-^< Polity (form of government), |Ui3
maikftl.
Polisher, g. JlL gaiiaZ. A polisher
of gems,
Polite, L_-J
aAti arfdi,
gant.
Politely,
Politeness, t
fmkkak.
ujb zarif,
. See Ele
latafat.
îs zarafat,
i-a y W/. See
hirdsat al mvlk
teal millat. See Government.
Poll, *. (head), ^^^ rag. See
Head. A poll-tax, i^>- jaziyat.
Poll, K. (enter in a register), ^jLis
^xijjlj kayyad bil daftar. See
Eegister.(to lop), ^.- ii >
See Prune, shear, shave,
mow, crop, plunder.

isUJ to
Elegance.
Polled (lopped), c
Political (relating to a country), Pollen. See Flower, bran, powder.
Jl* OTMttl ; (versed in the ad Pollute, v. (j^f najjat, ^ J dannat .
ministration of public affairs),
See Defile, corrupt, taint.
jj'jt* mudabbir, UjM\
Polluted, ^ J^ mvdannat,
m&hir liamur addawlat.
munajjcu.
tadblr, Pollution, pollutedness,
Politically, ^-J
janubat. Nocturnal pollution,
JJLsJô bihol l
A^CXa-l iJiti'lii/H.
/awn.
Politician, . (one versed in the arts Poltroon, i. ^JLtS kanlan, J->". . 5
tanbal. See Coward, scoundrel.
of government), y-._:'.X''t_-o-U
Polyhedrous (having many sides),
tahib tadblr, jJJu mudabbir.
i-_vr-j!j^-<cJ laho jmonnib
Politics (science of government)
film astayasat, *I
al huiem; (publi
affairs), JLJLl**S)jf^ r
kasirai.
Polygamist, ^j-J^Vj
tazawwij bi amraattn.
n -
787
PON
Polygamy, cul_j>-,jl\i;i_^ kmrat
POP
Poniard, . ^^Xs- khanjar.
To
poniard, êclc^lj<^jy rfarai J7

Polygonal, tsLp-^^-ii kaslr al
khanjar.
Polypody (plant), __^K]'4jwlyjl Pontiff, j-f-=- habr. The Roman
pontiff, bUl o/ â/ia. The Muadrds al kalb.
azmtDJat.
\njnnli.
Pomatum, ULy pomdtd.

Pomecitron, ^y*-^ layman.
See
Citron.
Pomegranate, ^*j rummdn. Be
longing to the pomegranate,
tJU, rtunmu.nl.
Pommel, *. (of a sword), a_^j.J
i_B....U kabdat assayf.
hammadan pontiff,
"^ !1 al
mufti, ,iLji'liA^b ihaykh al adam.
The Jewish pontiff, *Lji.LJl
^'j' w/ Imkham bavhl. [maibar.
Sr
"
Pontoon, s. (for passing rivers),^-*/*
Pony, s.^-jus^Li*- Az'saw saghlr.
Pool, . u_-=^ uii. See Fen,
marsh, pond.
Pomp, pompousness, <u]i; lazamat, Poor, jM fakir, tJJjJjirf *^/iti.

^Li shun, (JjL'-iic*- jiih teaSee Indigent, mean, contemptible;
jaldd, *--U-.l, (antanat. See Mag
barren ; lean ; trifling ; unhappy ;
nificence, splendor, cavalcade.
spiritless.A poor man, mendi
Pompous, &4uJ3_.c i_^r>- 1s sahib
cant, -Ju fakir. See Beggar.
The poor, \jSa fukaru. A poor
Lttiamat, -ar- âzlm. See Mag
woman, >-JiJ faklrat. To be or
nificent, splendid, grand.
become poor, ^JiJ^Lo sdr fakir.
Pompously, ^*li: JC Jio/ e
<ulaîJ>J bi/col tantanat.
Pond, . ,./>j- Aowrf, i^
^j Jii ghadlr.
Ponder, v. ,Jl-J <aama/,jX ". .ii
iflakar.
See Consider, think,
muse.
Ponderous, JJU teii?, ^J^ wazzw,
M^y ra*i. See Heavy, weighty,
momentous.
\sld.
Ponderousness, ponderosity,
To make poor, .JiJ <d^ âmalaho

fakir, i>jA3\ afkaraho.
Poorly, yiij^j bikolfalcr, jisu in
fakr. See Meanly, unfortunately.
Poorness, Ju fakr. See Poverty ;
meanness ; barrenness.
Pope, . l)Ul al papa.
Poplar, . (tree), jf~ hawr. The
black poplar,
rUrnl.
^- J>awr
FOR
Poppy, ^1'
788
khashkhash. The
FOR
Pore, . (of the body), *

masam.
heads of poppies,
rummdn al khashkhash.
Populace, /*1Î1 al âwam,
The pores,
mat&mdt.
Pork, >yr
j^-^J
^TO khanztr.
(
al .11 at in iiitil, {jH\&p\jz
Porous, CÛtLu^jJ /aô masdmat.
annas, jjs\ al jamhur,
Porphyry, {^,\îj^ hajjar summaki.
al khalk. See People, commonalty, Port, . L.,.. mind. See Harbour.

(a gate), t_?lj iai. Port (air,
vulgar, multitude.
mien, carriage), A-j ;'v.;/, Jai
Popular (vulgar), *lc cdm,
nazar,J&** mamar.
%umum. See Plebeian.(suitable
Portable,
J-^s.\.; yunhamil.
to the people),
Portend, . (foreshow), (JxJj
rf^ âZa'. See Prognosticate,
the people), t_jyJu
foretell, omen.
[See Omen.
tnahbub al kalul. A popular
Portent,
*.
(bad
omen),
disease, bj teabd. See Epidemic.
nah.
Popularity, <_jLs'^Licl i^tibdr al Portentous,
nahs,
flhi khayr Id nds; (esteemed by
khalk, t.-.'.-Tr*
muhabbat al
manhus.
Porter, *. (to a gate), (-^Jj batvwUb.

ummat.
Popularly (in a manner to win the
The porter of the inner apart
love of the people), ^î-sr^LÛ
ments, C.-P-1 - hsjib (plur.
(-jli:*' I; nijiib). The office of
li i^tibdr al khalk; (vulgarly),
*l
111
)*& %un ,i man, py*A . j^c.
porter, ily buwabat. A porter
'.fit/' wajh al .HHI a,a.
(carrier of burdens), Jl~I_s~

Population, jj-yLllJî^ kasrat anhammal.
Portico, *. ^y llw&n, j^ rawdik.
nufus. See Populousness.
Popnlous,j^-jL* ma^mur. [khalk. Portion, *. <iUa?- htssah (plur. ^--^-^
hasas], k_---/ nasib, <L^J kistnat.
Populousness, (j^s-Mj^ kasrat al
The portion of a wife, ^ mahr,
Porcelain, ^j*~e ii. See China.
j\$sr- jahdz. See Dower. The
Porch, . jJjfcJ doMi* (plur. j-llfcj
fiilti'iltz).
trance.
See Portico, port, en
portion of a child, i
i&tisum almirus.
789
POS
POS
Portion, v. (divide into portions), Possess, . (have hold),

îJi' iktana' ; (seize), liJ dabat.
+î kassam, >- ......J.."ljj' Carnal
tatiim. See Divide.
\haylut. Possessed, LL^l/ mumluli, îxL
Portliness (dignity of mien), <L~t>
or LiiL muktanu. Possessed of
(in composition), ><3 ssu, c_-''j
Portmanteau, *. -rj*' khurj.
zd<,
,_d at, i^^va-l^j sahib, etc.
Portrait, *. *->j-aJ' taswlrah, Sj*e
(for examples, see Possessing).
turah (plur. jya sutoar). A por
trait painter, jjo* musawwir. Possession, uJâj tasarrvf,
kdbdat, (JLi3w mu?. Hereditary
See Picture.To draw portraits,
possession, <^Jj <(Jl< a/
jja sawwar. [kullaho masamat.
,'ii '<v.v. See Heritage.Com
Pory (full of pores), cuUL^<d
Position, T -^ - mawda^ (plur.
_>s' .< maw&di^), ~--* matrah.
See Situation.(a principle laid
down, or assertion), UrJ daiiva,
<~^; kadiyat, <L*jJL makaddamat, Jrfl <wZ.
plete and absolute possession,

4j\!t*i_j,3J' tasarruf malkdnah.
To take possession, k0 dabat,
u-J^-aj tasarraf, ^Lc^JjiJ Mia '!11 ;'/'?', i_J--Li_^ istamlak.
To give possession, ul^L mallak.

Positive (not negative), . jLa=cl Possessions, LlfLl amlak,
ydil ; (certain), ^îisv* mutatasarrufat, C
c ikariit.
hakkik, f^'^j tcadih ; (direct), Possessing, possessive, possessory,
lj kiiti^; (dogmatical), j_tlj
(?;'. andôri. i_^ -i-*--t mutasarrif,
See Obstinate, peremptory.
tl>!L in fillI;: (in composition),
Positively (not negatively), bAr;!
cut J .:'', L_^>-L Kiiliili, i j EM,
ijdtan; (certainly), U-Jb yaklnan,
i_>J zl. Possessing understanding,
^JLJl_j lilyakin, LlXîiL1 ii/d
J-.rJL_-^>-L' dAS tamyit. Pos
AA; (peremptorily), Ulaif aâ.
sessing sensation, <L-)l&-_jO zu
Positiveness (actualness), A - <lv
husiyat. Possessing dignity, jJ
tfit.- ni; (certainty), jlyil ikr&r,
zu jalal, |LJL_<t_r-^>-Ls
^j-Jy yflifw, (jhJta^1 tahklk,
wuduh, tlXuJ^ Jljj za
ashshabhat.
makam. Possessing excel

lence, jj
Possessing power, j^
POS
790
Possessing many
^-Uj suhib
sahib iktiddr.
estates,
amldk.
Possessor, s. uj3t malik, i

mutasarrif, i*^=~\*> sahib.
POS
mutaakhkhir,
.&* \ dkhir.
See
After, following. Posteriority,

.i-*b taakhkhur.
Posterity, jM awlad, (J-uJ waZ,

âl-^ khalaf. See Descendants.
See
Lord, master, owner.
Postern, . (small gate), ûs<_jb

iai saghir.
Post-haste, <tL_cjJl<LLsc âjalat al
Possibility, ^li*^ imkan,

ihtimdl, teUaiJ ittita^
posta. See Haste.

muhtarnal.
Possible things, Post-horse, . aL-j^J^Lo*. hisan
mL".,^* muhtamaldt. To be
al posta. Post-horses, relays of
possible, ^L/Ûe stir mumkin.
post-horses, t',L~ vJ i _L ~- Ichayil
Possible, ^.t .{ mumkin,
Possibly, ^1^*3! i JJL bikadar al
al posta.
posta.
imkan, Jjl laâlh. See Perhaps. Post-house, s.
s0^^ poitajl
Post, (letter carrier), <tla~:jj ^josto, Post-master,*.
(/;/(// almaktub,
posta.
; ,, wo~ /i run it al tcaraka.
See Courier, messenger.(situa Postmeridian,^^!! AM Im-.d i>l tuhr.
tion), ^L^ malcan, _<?_ Post-office, <tL_i^ //v<. See Posthouse.

OTawrfat, J^;'* mahall. See Seat,
Postpone,
v. -\ akhkhar,
position. (a military station),
^-u**!l(_,Ls'* mahall al ^culcar. An
atckaf,
amhal.
advanced post, ^_.(..*_i 1<L AJL Postscript,*.
malhakut), Jjj zayi
mukaddamat al <.askar,
talttat.
A post (employment),
Lit nilin at,
malhakat (plur.
mansab.
(plur.
J^-Jt>
zayul),
t~J*\&-
hishiyah.
See Office, dignity.(a piece of Postulate, postulatum, postulation

(assumption without proof)
timber set erect), X>. icatad (pi.
JJjL1jj il,i-.jl-i'i I'i'lii tlfilil.
lilijl aictuif). Post, "li^
Posterior, -v
' Sao?, j>-'
Posture, ilU- Aofof, JU- Ad/.
POT
791
The posture of affairs, jy\ JU>hdl umur al ^ttmum

Pot, *. i^sxJ tanjara, or
tanjara ; (a drinking cup),
Potable, i^jjjlL* mashrttb.

ables,
POW
Potter, *. ^$j\s?fakhkhurl. Potter's

clay, j Ls^ fakhkhar.
[hag.
Pouch, *. <^^>-jayl. See Pocket,
Poverty, yij /air.
Pot
See Necessity,
meanness, defect.Poverty andold age (lit. the two evils), ^\j^\

alamran. Poverty is my glory
(a saying of Muhammad), JuJl
CUl_Jj rU^t
See Drinkable.
^ys" al fakr fakhri. To reduce

topoverty,^Ju<d^ âmalaJtofakir.
Pot-ash, 3\*j ramiid.

Pot-bellied, ^J*d laho
See Impoverish.
Pot companion, .. v-VJ nadlm.
i"
Poultice, <<Jc\! lalkha. To poultice,
Potency, potentness, iJ kuwat,
A2\1L- hat labkha.
*;tX> I;wlrut, jljcJil iktidar, ^5
Poultry, 1*^3 tuijur. See Fowl.
ia^r. See Power, influence.
Pounce, <-_ji_s^* mikhlab. See
(vigor), Jji I: a it- <il, <iU_jljjfyi
Claw, talon.
f-i'>i'-i'f- sStiyah.
See Force,
Pound, e. jjJ (JaA. See Beat,
strength.
powder, bray.
Potent, <_?* A<JM>Z, jli kadir. See
Pour, v. t_~~ >./'. See Stream,
Powerful, strong, forcible.A
flow; scatter, diffuse. To pour
potentate, .,'._:!_ sultan, t_"CL
out water,
sakab ma.
ma?i/t, etc. See Emperor, king, Poured, k.
maskub. To be
monarch.
poured,
insakab.
Potential, ^^ mumAt'n. See Possible. Pourer, *.
*i~:kili. Pouring,
Potently, \. \ zawran. See Power
sakib.
(part.},
fully.
Powder,
sufuf, <-rJ\p turdb,
Pot-herb, â^- khudrat, cuLj
ini'in!, t^yS" hubub. [tharlat.
4i ghdbra. See Dust.Gun

powder, CLJj \) barut,
Potion, . (medicinal draught), -o^

Pottage, V^'J-1 ihorbu.
gruel.
Powder, v. (reduce to powder),

^jLsr^ tahak.
[nuuhuk.
See Broth,
Powdered (ground small), jj
POW
792
PRA
tuhun
Powder-mill, . Jj A
al bdrud.
Power, ijjJi kudrat, j\Jzi\ iktidar,
See Powerless. A
kudrat.
power (potentate), ÛaLs sultan.
See King.(military force),yC^c
tf kiiwat. See Strength, ability;

also command, authority, domin
âskar. See Army.A power of

people,^..ii .+>- jam^kasir. See
ion, help, influence.(vigor),

Multitude.
ijs kuwat, ^^f- ânfawan. Powerful (strong, able), ,jjJi kawi,
^L>ljj kadir, Jli'K^\^-^=ê sahib
See Potency. The power of
attraction, iL_'jl_j-iJ kuwat
iktidar. To be or become power
j&zilat. The repelling power,
ful, i_$*ij\^ sdr kawz. A power
ioljifjj kuwat dafiât. The
ful man, (jiXJ <__*l a^<2
power of motion, iSjSftijS kuwat
kudrat, .IjiiiUj au iktidar, etc.
muharrikat.
The intellectual Powerfully, j!jcJi^Jj_jJ^J Ji'M
power, ^jj^t'iî kuwat mudrikat.
kuwat wa iktidar, iij&) bikuwat.
The power ofimagination or fancy,
Powerfulness, ijJJ kudrat, *j3
kuwat al khayal, or
kuwat. See Power.
al mutkhayyilat. The Powerless, j^jj^c^ mtn
reflecting or thinking power,
kudrat, *j*k> bila kuwat, j
kuwat al wahm. The
bila iktidar.
power of memory, Ja-aJs, 1 Sj) kuwat Pox,
jadari. See Small
al hafz, iliiU^l al hufizah. Na
pox.(venereal), ,_
tural or inherent power, iU5i jJI iijs
frank ahmadl.
kuwat azzatiyat. Animal or vital Practicable, (^f mumkin.
powers, -^-i-tjyLll alkiica' al Practical,
iK/i-.i/ii'i/'i. Practically, J
hayteaniyat. The powers or senses
/;;'/ if,li: an/ f.
of the body, ^jJ^
Practice (experience, use),
badan. Venereal powers,
isti^nial, J^ Carnal ; (habit),
ij ^-j-^l> kuwat shahwaniyat,
ijlc i .?(/(,,' ; (custom), *~/. rtunt.
Possessed of power,
*aAJ kwbrat. See Powerful. Practise, .
See Perform, execute,
J*7o
Without power,
PEA
793
PEE
do.To practise artifice,

Carnal hllah. To practise physic,
*
muitawjil al hamd. See Laudable.

Prank, . J-s.***^* ntatkhara.
*
-C>- lull;I;<nn,
Prate, prattle, 0. L,^- âllak. See
Practiser, practitioner, J^lc Carnal.
Chatter.
[Chat, talk.
See Performer, agent.
Prate, prattle, L!&C. catt. See
wt
Pragmatical, tJtJy*^ katir ghalabah. Prater, prattler, . (JJ"Li âllak.
See Impertinent, intermeddling. Pray, t;. (make petition to heaven),
A pragmatical fellow,
^ ; (to
fuduli.
[ghalabah.
entreat), ^w^J! iltamas. See
Pragmatically, <cli^Xj bikatirat
Supplicate.
Praise, LJ sana, ^Li shukr,
Prayer (to heaven), ifjLe a/a<, IcJ
na^t, i_jLj teasf (plur. w
</;. Prayer (submissive im
awsuf), tX*- hamd, _-X.
portunity), l_5>-j r<j;a, L5i^J
The praise of God, <d!^Li s/iwAr
tamannl, ÛoM it !iinfix. See
f!//<//( . Praise be to God,
Entreaty, supplication.
ashshukr illah, iC.l.A-^J
Preach, . licj ?ataz.
,'///,'/, J lt; .vl _w>. ' alhamd illahi Preacher, . (Christian), kc.|j ica^j'z ;
1it -i~iln' , iU-*!Â-*^û'JsI ///Ai a/
(Mussulman), i__~_.._k>. khatib.

eaZ minnat,
A preachment. See Sermon.
hamdan illah.
Preamble, <UAil* mukaddamat,
Praise, v. iX^s- hamad. To praise
i>-L;J dibajat, tt.laS. khutbat.
or return thanks to God,
Precarious, jlyiitJL* m&laho karar,
shakar allah, illl^v-) sabbah allah.
Praised, ~,J^f mamduh,
mahmud, A+f
mawsuf,
li mill,
* ^ mustahsan,
mdlaho what, uu
mutasabbit. See Uncertain, de

pendent.
mashkur.
Precariously, C^jL^c^j^* minghayr
humid, _->'_ madih,
8ab(it,jijsj+.l^* minghayr karar,
Praiser, .
Ubii A/A/ /w/.. .
_'ju maddufi,
wasif.
Precariousness.^LiLll-Ja: û&m a/
Praiseworthy,
karar, UJl/Jt
PRE
794
PRE
Precaution, cl/^Jo tadaruk,

luliyat saminat. Pre
cious effects, (_/jUj nafuyis.
ihtiy&t, Sj?~aj batirat,
W icajhin
intibah, . ji- honor.
Preciously,
/j//!v//
klmat.
See
xn HI in,
kaddam
Precaution, ,".
Valuably.
nasihat. See Warn, advise.
klmat. Sec
Precede, v. (take rank, go before), Preciousness,
Worth,
price,
valuableness.
,jJii' takaddam. To precede in
maskat,
point of time, ju-j iabak, ig-Li Precipice,
*oZo/.
wartah,
Precedence, precedency, *jjij' takad mahalik).
mahlak (plur.
dam, i.\J*a sadarat, jJuaJ tasad- Precipitance, precipitancy, pre
dur. See Superiority.
cipitation (baste),
Precedent, preceding (foregoing),
(rash haste), <C1jki_)!,l
AjJL* mukaddatn, ^''-^ ("//;//
annad&mdh. Precipitation, pre
t_il-^ salif.
See Former, prior.
Precedent, ,v. ,_)^jJ^t^,-0 daitur al

Carnal, jji^* masal. See Example.
Precedently, UJJL mukaddaman,
LJ kalian, libL: sdbikan.
Precept, . <LÛoj mi.\ilmi, ..*' amr,
<&*>) wariyat, <UJjy farldat,
Preceptor, .Jjc^ muâllim, <-r'->^
Mfil'l/llifl.
Precession, A^JhL* mukaddamat.

Precinct, ilsU-1 ihatah, j\i_J diyar,
.j-'. walayat, <U-U n&hiyat. See
cipitating (throwing headlong),

kj& ///-/, or L-J-JS /(///. To
attack with precipitation, \.*s?
kaJiam tola'.
Precipitate, r. (throw headlong),
klji> habbat. To precipitate one'sself (into danger), dJLs-^^-j
jS* i-i ram*' Mlaho fll khatar ;
(to fall headlong), kjb Aaidf.
Precipitate, precipitous, precipitant
(hasty), Jj^1 ^'"/ ; (impru
dently hasty), jjr~* tntttahawtpir.
See Eash.(violent),
Arf / mizo/.
Precipitately, precipitantly, j-J
bila tadbir,
^^j iaA?, yi-'j fakhir. See
Dear, valuable.A precious pearl,
âjnlah.
District.
Precious (costly, valuable),
PRE
795
PRE
Predal, predatory, L*ii yaghmd.

Precise (accurate, exact),
snlah, J^l kamil ; (determined, Predeceased, J.J 4>^ mutaieaffi
definite, limited), JJJLS-* mahdud,
kabl.
tiiillj, .
^Jot< muâyyan; (formal, finical), Predecessor, s. uJiJLi sdlif,
mukaddam, jLjL-i sabik. See
CjUKjL_-.o-L> sahib taMlufat.
Ancestor.
See Punctilious.
Precisely (exactly),
bikol Predestinarian, g. (a believer in
predestination), ji jJisJ l_j Jjisjc*
dikkat ; (definitely),
c yj
mu^takid Ml takdir.
bi nawîn mahdud, tji^- -*.*.
Predestination, j jJi
min ghayr muraja-.ah, ^j
al mukaddar, LoJi
âla' al yakin ; (ceremoniously,
naslb, iLyuJ ki&mat. See Fate,
formally), t_gJ_C-j J_J 4i/bZ
takhf.
destiny.
Preciseness, precision (exactness), Predestine, predestinate, t>. aJ-ii
Us* tahhat, iJ
kaddar laho, -t-iÂ ; kaddar
ka.ma.1; (definiteness),
tahkik.
Predestinator (an attribute of Om
Preclude, v.
haram,
nipotence), jji* mukaddir. The
Precluded,
divine predestinator of death,
rum> Jt J ^* mardud, c j ' t
mukaddir al ajal.
fit..
\jiabikah. Predestined, jJJU mukaddar,

ma^rifat
muMur, 3)Zy* mawûd. Pre
destined death, Jj*yll Js-jJl aZ
Precognition,
Preconceive, .
ashshy.
Precontract, .
kaddam, *
wa ilrar mutakaddim.
contract,
AjuUL^piJ
*A/'< mukaddam.
;'a/
mu- Predetermination,
murad al mutakaddim.
To pre Predetermine, . *^1! atta,
îfLj^Jbl^JlJl hada' ila' al
murad al mutakaddim.
Precursor, s. jA---^ mubashshir, Predetermined, jjL* mukarrar.
bathir. See Forerunner.
Predicament, aLJU. hdlat, JU. Ad;,
PRE
796
1'RE
See
Condition, state, degree, class.
Predicant (one that affirms),
mwkarrir. To predicate (affirm),
Carnal ikrar. Predicate
(that which is affirmed of any
thing, an adjective noun), L_Le.
teasf, tA-a sifah. The subject and
the predicate, ^jUsJÂJk&rfJl al
Pre-eminent, J*=il a/rfa/, J

mumtaz,
mutakaddim.
Pre-establish, ?.
kail al wait.
Pre-estublished, t
kail al icakt.
Pre-cstablishraent,
ta^yln mukaddam.
Pre-exist, ,J.Jjis>-y\ inwajad kabl.
Pre-existence, A.xL*Js>-j wujud
mukaddam teal tail. Predication,
mukaddam.
ikrar,
Predict, v.jJ\ attzar, tXe_j waâd, Preface, . .,._v>i_. mtikaddamat,
dibdjat,
,<~J tanabba' . Predicted, ^f-y
i
matoûd.
To preface,
Prediction, *. Jli /u/, J\JJ\ irndr,
mukaddamat,
JK-.. mawiad, iXtj wa^d, ~-j
A prefacer,
uxtiid.
i^
_
_ami7 7 mukaddamat.
Predispose, v. j^>~ haddar. See
Prefect, *. *^^*- hukim, ^j wo/J,
Prepare.Predisposed, jâss*
Jjli dEV. See Governor, com
muhaddar. See Prepared.
mander.A prefecture, -.l^.
Predisposition, j^-^r tahdlr. See
hukumat.See Government, com
Preparation.
mand.
Predominance, AJC-JI tstida, "-L-:_>
Prefer, v (give a preference),
istlla, v_^J_*-J taghattub. See
^c. faddal tola', ^~* rajjah.
Superiority.
Preferable, ^*u-i ahsan, >
Predominant, c-^Hi ghalib, ^Jf^^t
<..\A." H mustawjib al takaddwn,
mustawli. See Superior, preva
ffrj^&y l&yik ^ tarjlh. Prelent.
ferableness,
^^-/ tarjlh.
Pre-eminence, *A_^_J ta&addum,
j\.Zsi\ imtiy&t, \K~a\ isti^la, Preference, -A~J takaddam, >
I'1 isttla.
superiority.
See Precedence,
takdim, *f$*-jî tarjih,
FEE
797
PEE
Preferment, ^Ji tarakkl,

*. khatdra. See Mischief,
irtika. See Promotion.(a place
hurt, injury, damage.
of honor or profit), y_ -if- 1 man- Prejudice, v. (injure), -0 dar. See
Impair, hurt.To prejudice (for
idb, &*jf* martdbat. See Office,
or against),
dignity.
Preferred (considered more highly),
taâssab ila' aw did ; (in favour
AsL mukaddam âla', J-iL*
of), ij\ Jl mul ila'. Prejudiced
L; mufaddal t.ala\
(for)," J'^-1
Prefix, v. '_ ^' nasdb.
ila' ; (against), o,
Prefix, . (a particle prefixed to
naffir mm; (in favor of),
mayI, i_ z\*< rughib.
words), u_>js>- harf,
harfjar.
Prejudicial, j*Li mudirr,
Prefixed,
muffid. See Injurious, detri
Prefixion, prefixing, *Jxiii takdlm,
mental, hurtful ; contrary, oppo
/A*J' takaddum.
site.
Pregnancy, J-- habal.
Prelection. See Keading, lecture.

Pregnant, |<L>=>- ^vbla'. To make Preliminary, t. <L JLiU mukaddamat.
pregnant, Jls- habbal. See Im Preliminary (adj.}, *dJL mukaddam.
pregnate. To become pregnant, Prelude, . preludium, AjJL-
UMji** ftiblat.
mukaddamat.
Prejudge, prejudicate, u. (decide Premature, ^î^\î kabl alwakt.
without information w examina
Prematurely, Li5jl!J.J
tion), uas.3J.\^j^c-^Sj>- hakam
H-iikt. Prematureness, .
mm ghayr ma yafhas.
kasarat al to/ala
Prejudice, prejudication (judgment Premeditate, v. t
;< taammal, âsu takasiad,
formed without examination ),
^^s-s^L^j rdy lilS. tafahhus.
admar.
Prejudice (for or against), u- TJ Premeditated, Juav.-i-* muktasad,
lUJj.jL^xiu* mv^tamad âlayhi.
taâsiub ; (in favor of), J-.*
may/ ; (against), ^â!^ sawazzan. Premeditation,
<(?ff/,
Prejudice (detriment), îâ darar,
798
PEE
ray kdbl al wakt.
See
Design."Without premeditation,
PKE
mii-xtaîd.
hadir,
Ready.
Preparer, s.âs." muftaddir,
See
jJUjj-i^ min ghayr taâmmud,.

"With premeditation, <X**y bita- Prepense. See Premeditated.
preponderation,
âmmud, \^=jkasdan. To speak Preponderance,
rajahan,
with premeditation, uU*lyL5xr;u7.,
haka' litaammul.
[minister.
tarjlh.
Premier.
See First, chief; prime Preponderate, v. f?j rajjah.
Premie, yj^ premio.

Preposition, s.
Premises (propositions), iUUAL* Prepossess, v. (impress with prejumukaddamut, ejUIiu takaddudices)j,J}\assarfl. See Prejudice.
mat. Unquestionable premises, Prepossession. See Prejudice, preÛLi*-CLJl<JkJi-^ mukaddamat
judication.
musallamah. Premises (houses Preposterous (topsy-t
and lands), _,lic iakar (plur.
maklul, t^Mjx*i maJcui,
I^J\J\AS- t
mankus. See Absurd, foolish,
klmat
Premium, 4
ridiculous.
aisikurtah. See Compensation, Preposterously, ^^*!lj lilâks,
reward.
t_j''-x-tl^' lilmaklul.
naslhat.
Premonition,
Preposterousness, j^^xc âk*.
Premonitory,
Prepuce, c-iii gMaf, iaU ghvlfat.
Preparation,
Li*L)\ istihdar,
tadaruk,
o <a*I/. See Pro

vision, apparatus, composition.
Preparative, preparatory,
tstikddrl.
Preparatively, jljjc~Prepare, v. y-o- /taddar.
Prepared, Uf muhayyrl,
muhaddar,
^x.i niu-,ad,
Presage, presagement, ^ *'*.*- htkmat

(plur. j*Uo-l ahkam), JU ful.
See Omen, prognostic.To pre
sage, JUt_j-c darab f&l. See
Prognostic.
[ihaykh.
Presbyter, s. Îs
iuAtw, ^^
Prescience, k_.-~!l J>* gfaalghayb,

Jlxi1 taâkM. See Foresight.
Prescient, prescious,
PRE
799
al ghayl. To be prescient,
Prescribe, v. (order, direct),
^jlc farad âla', >>. hakam,
jt\ amar, +~}j ratam. See Com
mand. To prescribe as a physi
cian, i^Lej toaiaf. To prescribe
bounds, O.Jkk.i^.jLe tayyan al
hudud, ajA_-JjJo- haddad al
hudud.
Prescribed, prescript,
mahkum Mhi, \je)j&* mafrud,
ff^j* marsum. At the term
prescribed, JjJuc'njkL.b bilhad
al mahdad.
Prescription,
prescript,
PEE
The presence chamber,
ditean al -fmi.
Present (not absent), .iU. hadir,

^fry* "lauy&d. To be present,
^^-ô kdn hadir.
Present
(not past, not future), Jlk.!Ma/,
^slk-lc^J^!! al wakt al hadir;
(at hand, ready), îU. /jrfzr,
Uf< muhayyu, JJK muâd. See
Prepared. The present, time
present, L^jyilJJi haxa al wakt.
The present tense.^lk.! al hadir.
At present, Jl\ alan. See Now.
The present day,
AjJI al
yatem, AjJnjji Aazfi a/ yatcm.
(precept,
To the present day, ^lljui Jl
model), *aclj k&Mah, ^,j rasm

(plur. pj*j rusum), dJajU rabitah
(plnr. \u\jj rawabit). See Order.
(ancient custom), <s_JLici'jU
&dat âtikah. A medicinal pre
scription, /t-^^*- '-'"/i waifat al
hakim.
Presence (state of being present),
^fT) ww/tl<, ....-i^ hudur, * -j'~hadrat (plur. CU^b>- hadrat} ;
#a' haza alan. Present or ready

money, ,_jjJij nakdl.
hadiyat. A present to bribe a

judge, iîy rashwat. See Bribe.
Present (make a present),
bakluhash, i-Ji)j wahab,
<tiJiA aâ' hadiyat. See Offer,
give.To present one's-self (be
fore another), j-^>- hedtr. See
Appear.To present a complaint,
(air, demeanor), ^laJ nazr, <tr>-j

?<y'/i.
See Mien, port.The
i.'U_i * jj kaddam shakayat.
presence of God, id!|jj>-. wujud
nllah. The presence of a king, Presentation, ija-t tarrf, . AR."
w> c
p
mahdar
PKE
800
PKE
mUita,
upon in battle, ,je hajam. See
muhda', *
mukaddam.
Presenter, s. LJa*' mu-itt,
Assault, attack.(to blockade),

,-'*- funar, f0\- husar. See
Presented,
muhib. See Giver.

Presently(immediately),
See Present.
Preservation, ka*- hafts,,
Besiege.
Press, . (for olives, grapes, etc.),
ifOXsl III tl-.SIl/- (I I.
Pressed (squeezed), jja*^ ma^tur,

muhafasuit, <JJLs siyanat,
j.ai'.i mvntatir.
See Com
himayat, JLjU*- hirusat.
pressed.The pressed juice of
Preserve, v. la&- ftafaz, ,<** hama',
fruit, LLoc ûsurat. Pressed
^Ls sUn.
To preserve fruits,
etc., . gj-^t^S' frfftnffl
(closely besieged), .J^LST^ maktur.

A presscr, iL^c âssur.
Pressure, j.a->. Aar ; (oppression,

grievance), L-f-^'J ttttaddi, \f*jatcr, Jd? ~nlin, .a kdhr ; (im
Preserve, . (fruits preserved with
honey, sugar, etc.),.^* murabba',
pression), <L^lc ialamat, * .
r<Mm,yl osar (plur.
^^s*" macj'un. See Confect.
Preserved, HiyLs"* mahfuz, {ju^jS-" Presume, f. (suppose),
Aam, *cj .-"; I"/./. See Imagine,
mahrui. See Defended.Pre
hope.
served (as fruits),
Presumer, *. (supposer), *cU ea^tm.
makbus murabbd,
See Confect.(pickle),
Carnal mukhallal.
Preserver, . laiW hafiz,

muhafiz. See Guardian.A pre
server of fruits, etc., ^J^ J^lc
Presumption (supposition), *j za^m,

.^^ takhmln, ô zann, >jf>sj
tasatewit', jUxc\ i^tikad, jl^rl
Carnal murabba' . See Confectioner

Preside, v. jJuaSL'tXni ka-.ad lissadr.
i^timUd. See Conjecture, belief.

Presumption,presumptuousness
(arrogance), ,-xf takabbur, i^Lj"jasarat, J\M~I\ iitikbar.
Presumptive (supposed), ^Jf.i ,
Presidency, presidentship,^
President, . t^^j fayyii
i^r^s!**\ rayyis al ituylis.
Press, v. (compress), (j5-J> dayyak
(squeeze),
To press
mutatawwir.
Presumptive, pre
sumptuous, presuming,
801
PRE
PRE
mutakallir. See Arrogant, in

solent.
Presumptuously, jjju lighurur.
Preternaturalness,
athshay likhilaf attallât.

See Impudently, arrogantly.
i %uzr latil. See
Pretext,
Presuppose, v. ÛJl ^-iÔifarad
Pretence.
kabl azzamdn. See Preconceive. Prettily, t_jLyjj itioZ lutf,
Presupposed, ÛjJl JJiôj^-L^
zarafat.
mafrud kail aszaman.
Prettiness, ^joo- As/?, ^Jt -^ *Pretence, <LL=- hilat, j'&z. ûzr,
jatnal, <IsUal latafat, li\jazarafai.
4J* c.i//i//, (JjjtJ taâllul. See Pretty,
latlf.
See Beautiful, elegant.Pretty
Excuse. A weak pretence, jLu
(in some measure), Uj naw-.ii/i.
ij-lc taâllul âlll. Pretence
(claim),
See Somewhat, tolerably.
da^ca'. See
Pretension.
Prevail, w. (to be in force or fashion),
Pretend, . (allege falsely, act hypo
ijUlll<jU>-jLo sarjdrl al
critically),
To
prevail or prevail over,
taâllal. See
Feign.To pretend or lay claim
ghalal, ji-ô zafar. To prevail
upon (induce), _ij kmin-.. See
to,
-"
Persuade.
Prevailing, prevalent (victorious),
Pretender (claimer),
i ffhaleb,
(a boaster),
da-.wat),
See Superior; powerful ; forcible.

(current), ij^
L.H 1,1 i< iiu . See Fashionable, com
mon, general.
Preterite (tense), ,-wjUJl J*
Prevalence, i_î*J' taghallub, Li-l
///'//, ^^^1*1! almudl,

Preternatural, , .... ,. V
-_
<!?u. See Superiority.(cur

rency), .\jj rawo;'.
Prevalently, J^jJsJ^J J*ioZ kudrat.
Pretension (claim),
(plur.
dawah
or
VI
See Irregular. Preternaturally, a
See Powerfully.-(currently,
generally),
CMU;<?K, , Jx
PRE
802
PRI
...* i'-j- , Hi/,:' wajh a,l i
devour. To prey upon (rob,

spoil), Lkij^JAC <<( yayhma.
See Fashionably.
See Plunder.
Prevaricate, v. û bagha1, ^J> doll,
Price, <U-JJ kimat, lj^j saman, jX-i
.fas. âsl, J_)^>- huwal.
Prevarication, .._-_ox. ma^siyat,
J*~> login.
Prevaricator, s. ,_ftX*i* mutatoddl,
Ûi- khayin.
Prevent, v. j-^ ntana^, â,[xj
tatSrad. See Obstruct, antici
pate.
Prevented, c ^-->i mamnug, JjiXw*
MOtd&d, Jv .' - munsad. See Ob
structed.A preventer, j_jl
inunifr (^.Ix,* muûrid.
Prevention, ^.x.* wzetw^, A*jlf m?<tuunaât, <j=>j*J taârntd. See
Hindrance, obstruction, anticipa
tion.Preventional, preventing,
preventive, ^jl mani^, ua^\ji^t
si^r (plur. ^>Uj\ (Mâr). See

Rate, value, estimation, equiva
lent, reward.The price of blood
(compensation for murder), <Lj
diyat. See Mulct. Price paid
by a captive for liberty, IAJ fida
or fadd. See Ransom.High
price, Jle ,^0 taman âll. See
Valuable, precious. According
to the current or market price,
i_^; , jj* ^L "Tj'f ^* tail'
mujib assi^r al jari. Without
price, ,.r*jilj lila. taman.
Prick, v. (pierce with a small punc
ture), (js? nakhas. See Pierce,
sting, goad, spur.
[tore.
Prick, s. JfjoT nakhsat. See Punc-
muiiirid. See Preventer.

Previous, ^JJi iai?, ^Lj sabik. Pricked, ; _i-,.o niankhus. See
Previous to this, liXfcJ.J; kdbl
Pierced.
hazu. Previously, Lj kalian, Pricker, *. (sharp instrument),Jacu
mankhaz. See Piercer, bodkin,
min kail, jjUijJi^^Jj
awl.
aszamun.
Prey (hunted or seized to be de Prickle, ,-. <t 1 ,.. sunbtdat (plur.
voured), &~a sayd ; (plunder),
Ltju yaghma, ._**-_- ghanlmoil.
See Booty, spoil, ravage, rapine.
Prey, t-. jj-/J^ iftaras. See Eat,
Jjli-) sanalil), fS^ gJtawkat.

See Thorn.
Pride, &> takallur, \jj* kibriya,
ittikl&r,
PHI
803
PHI
kndlm. See Formality, preciseSee Vanity, insolence, loftiness,

ness, gravity, simplicity.
elevation, ostentation, decoration,
Primogenial (first-born), J*t likr.
splendor.
Priest, s. ,.f&o kahin, ^j^.^ kassis.
See Primary, original, elemental.
Priesthood (office of priest), rt.-.-j li
Primogeniture, ^jjLt lukuriyat.
Primordial, Jjl awwal. See Ori
ktuusiyat, <^Jj* kahnUt,
Primacy, itJJL mukaddamat.
ginal.
Primarily, 3.1 awwalan, AjljJltj Prince, s. (sovereign), ÛaLj tultcin,
fll biddyat.
Primariness, uUsl asl.
[original.
Primary, â\ anil.
See First,
iJjX* malik, j*\ amir. See

Emperor, king.(the son of a
king), tl^J-*!^! ibn al malik.

Primate, s. (chief ecclesiastic), jê Princedom, &*=>- hukumat. See
^ jj\ sadr addin.
Principality.
Prime (chief, most excellent), ,^*>\ Princess, . (a woman having sove
ash, ,_j-iil ashraf, âj\ afdal.
reign command), <lL* malakat,
See Best, principal, excellent,
a_jlli_l_-j sultanat; (a king's
original, first ; early, blooming.
daughter), cl^L!\cî.vj bint al
Prime, s. y-U^> sabuh. See Dawn.
malik.
The prime or best part, ^c. Principal, ,J-tfl asll, jjJJa- mutlak.
tayn. The prime of life, ^)*^z
See Chief, capital, essential.
<- ^ -* ^ ;,.;/(:""/,' asfakabub. Principal, s. (a chief), u^j rayyis.
Prime cost, tU..gl\t^-e\ asl al
See Chief, leader, president,
governor.A
principal or prin
Inmat.
cipal sum, jJL*Hjjw!^ rug almal.
Primeval, primevous, primitive (an
cient), *JJJ kadim, ^J-Xi iatlk. Principality, *. ijU! am&rat. See
See Original.Primitive. See
Sovereignty, kingdom, province ;
Formal, precise, solemn, grave.
predominance.
*l
Primitively (originally, at first), Principally, Ley-as' khususan.
LjjL^* mukaddaman, ~-\ aw Principle (element), ja^s. ûnsur
(plur. -clxc ânasir ; (original
walan.
Primitiveness, *jjJL!l Jlj>- hul al
cause), ,_,'-' asl, ._\^. ma-sdar.
804
PHI
PRI
khalwat. See Secrecy, privity :

See Origin.(motive), c-^---~
retreat.
nabob, i^-,c.\) bdiis; (tenet),
Private
(alone),
mutatcahhid,
mazhab. See Opinion.
mutafarrid;
(secret),
,
Print, v. ^.ô taba-,. See Mark,
impress.
Print, . *--j tnbn-..
See Mark,
impression.The print of a foot,

J\ atar.
Prior, *. (of a monastery), u?'j
Ûfc^l rays arruhbun. See Abbot.
maftftr ; (not pub

lic, particular), ,ja\si- ' thai,
makhsus. Private effects,
*! amwal kfiusat. A
private apartment, i^lri- khalteat.
See Privacy.
Privately (secretly),
U~> sirran.
Prior, |jJ>\ akdam, >jJu* nutakaddim, l_*-'l^-= salik, (_! -,<i!7/,:.
See Previous.
Priority, /*JJu takaddum. See An
tiquity, precedence.Priory. See
Abbey.
[manathlr").
Privately and publicly, \j~'

\j$s?j iirran tcajaharan.
Privation, /Jt_c âdam, !j>_c!
itdam, t_.^l..i salb. See Depri
vation, deposition, degradation.

Privative, i_^!L_j salib, *A*_,
Prism, iiMiX* manshur (plur.,.Jit\^t
mu^dim. A privative particle,
Prison, s.
Prison, v.
prison.
AJo.
See Im
Prisoner, *.
See
Immunity, patent.
Privilege, c. u
mahbus,
prisoner of war,
harb. See Captive.
Privilege, . "^-''y- baraat,

, .._
asir
[empted.
mu-,af. See ExPrivileged,
Li aJl-, Privity (consciousness), ^-ii. khabar,
Pristine, ,J-l aafi,
^ AJs kadlm. See Ancient, former,
original.
Privy (conscious), ~~^ <(JK ma-Jto

khabar, j_=k_is'. wakif âla',
Privacy (retirement), i'^Li- khalifat;
mitttali
(state ofbeing secret), li-l i
. Privy
(a place of retirement),
to a secret.^! 1 Jci- 1 J dukhil atfir.
PRO
805
A privy councillor,^ +mudabbir,

jij) wazlr. Privy-purse, Jl^l
lsM amwiil al khdssah.
PRO
Uncertain, doubtful, disputable.
Problematically, ^-JbJb W/d
yakln.
[Snout, nose.
Privy, *. <uU-t_>jl adab khana. Proboscis, fÔj^- khartum. See

A public privy, i_jLx kamf. A Procedure,
muûmalat,
cleanser of privies, <__>jSlJjjc*
See Management,
<0l> )iti!-iiiz~if al adab khanah.
progress, proceeding.
Prize, s. ^jojz iaicad. See Reward,
Proceed, . ^jLcAjlj d&wam âla',
premium.(booty), lU-î ghanl^j^c...^ istamar âla'. See Go,
mat. See Plunder.
pass, advance.(to act, transact),
Prize, v.
arnal laho
,J^c Carnal. To proceed against
i-Mbar. See Esteem, rate, value.
one at law, j-J U ra/ac., (^Lc ^ Jc 1
Prized (esteemed), j--,- -- .-
indaâ' ittla'.
muftabar, pf~* mukarram.
Proceed, proceeds, ,_)rf\_a>- hasil.
Prize-fighter, s. jj'ji^ lahlawan.
Net proceeds, tJU* d/z. See
Probability, JU^s>-^ ihtimal, ^\L*\
Produce.
imk&n. See Possibility.
Proceeding, part.j3\*e sadir, ^p-^*
Probable, J^xs'* muhtamal.
munbasik ; (transaction), J^_c
Probably, JUi^lJ6 MM ihtimal,
Ltii/icl. See Procedure, process.
JôscT yuhtamal.
Probation, JJ J rfrtfi/, ^li^J burhan, Process, J^f --timn/. Sis* masla/tat.
See Proceeding, progress.A pro
imtihan.
cess at law, <tLbc* muâmalat,
See Proof, trial, examination;
*-î9 kadiyat, oj^^ rfa^wa' or
noviciate.
!_jj ^fl^cd. Process (method,
Probatum est, ^-ij wajib.
management),
i_ < j ^j tarkib,
Probity,
amanat, i_LaJl
nzdm.
*a/.
Problem, *.
mashkal. Pro Procession, *. a^jJ dawra. To make
a procession, J
blematical,
mtuhtabah,
dawra.
\_ashhar.
ghayr mwhakkak.
See Proclaim, .
nada', j^>\
PRO
806
PRO
/reclaimed, if^jjlx^ munuda' bihi.
Procurator, >. J-^j walAl, j>\?"

mubushir, jy*'^ ma-mHr. See
Manager.A procurator-general,
Proclamation, jU.il iMur, u^Lcl
i: Ifin, 4\jl~ M unfit!fill. \Jtunsul.
mutlaJc.
Droclaimer, *. ^jU^* munudi.
Proconsul, (J*uiiJ!c_-oU n&yib al Procure, v. Ja- hassal, Jli wa?.

See Obtain, gain, acquire, manage,
Procrastinate, v.jS-\ akhkhar, jjjft
arnal tfikhir.
contrive ; persuade.
See Defer, delay, put off.
Procured, jj^s" mufuutal. See
Procrastination, ^.=i-lj tiikhlr. See
Gained, obtained.
Delay, dilatoriness.
Procurement, procuration,
Procrastinator, j>-'
mu-akhir,
tahsll,
See Ac
Jjjlls-^ mutawwil,
muquisition.
mahhil.
Prodigal,
Procrastinated,^-^ mH-aJihar.
batuir,
Procreate, t u$~* âtc"!ait>
Prodigality,
weled. See Beget.
Prodigally,
Procreated, ^*-z mutakkawan, Prodigious,
ilAjstmawfad. To be procreated,
lajib. See "Wonderful, amazing,
<m
-\' ..; tawallad.
monstrous.Prodigiously, ^ t yj
Procreation, Ju!y tawlld,
L.
-r**
4*
>':"''-.''!
Procreative, procreant, jJ^ mu- Prodigy, .

u--olsf
I C.- ff/A
a? Ctuiuuib,
< .
tcallid. Procreativeness, *^_j>
^^^ * i
*^
** '
âjlbat.
Prodigies,
y_
'^ ^
..\- !.-'.' kuwat attawlld.
: i ;;:.y/A, C^Ltif .rilfinit'il.
Procreator, *. jJI^ valid, jJ^ muProduce, . (bring to view or notice),
wallid. See Father.
*>Xi kaddam, jJuol aniar. To
Proctor, g. i^j wakll. See Pro
produce proof, ^_-'L.-' ,Jo kaddam
curator.A proctor at law, J..ij
êjjl wakll addatwa.
Proctorship, ill^j wakalat.
Procurable, J-oa^j yutahtusal. Procuracy. See Management.
iebat,jji\ abras. See Prove.

Produce (whatever anything yields,
as fruits, grain, etc.), ,J*L(emolu-
PRO
ment), j_aj wn/c., i' joU fm/iilat
6xiu manfa-M. See Gain, pro
807
PRO
/ii, /I//, tM*e> Mfitivl.
See
Art, occupation, vocation.(de

fit, amount ; fruit.
claration), k_su_jxj ta^rif, ^Lj
Produced (offered to view),
bayan, j-la-jl Idah, t_i|,3c!
mawjiid, j*j~i mabruz ; (gene
iitiraf. A profession of faith or
rated), ^j* matolaA.
belief, i'olî ihahudat.
Production, ^fi takwin,
Professor, *. (public teacher),
^'d^jljusl isdar,j\ji\ ibr3z; (a
(JHJ&+ mudarris, *!*/ muâllim.
literary composition),
To give public lectures as a pro
fessor, (JMJ^ darras.
Productive, jj^. muwallid. See
Proffer, v. *jJ> kaddam. See Offer,
Creative, efficient, fruitful.
propose.A proffer, ,JJJLf takProem, *. <fc>-L>J dilajat,
dlm. See Offer, proposal.
muJcaddamnt. See Preface.
Proffered, ,*Jk_iL^ mukaddam. A
Profanation,
profferer, *Al* mukaddim.
IK
Profane, uf^r-'J dunyawl. See Ir

reverent, polluted, wicked.
Profane, p. (j^s^ najjas,
Proficiency (improvement in learn

ing, etc.), Uijj! irtika, cUxil
intifd^. See Progress.A pro
ficient,
dannas. See Pollute.
Profanely,
bila ihtiram. Profile, A
(a likeness in),
Profnneness,
*iXe tadant
As^JI taswlrah bi naif al tcajh.
al ihtiram.
See Irreverence,
-"refit, iJovJ fdyidat, j_ij wo/c.,
wickedness.
<Ui< manfaât, cUii'i ^dt.
Profess, v.
azhar, u^Jul 'See Gain, advantage, advance
daâ'. See Acknowledge, confess,
ment,
improvement.
own, declare.To profess friend
Jrofit,
v.
(gain advantage), *JaJ\
ship, A+a.^ ^b\ azhar al mu; (to give advantage),
habliat.
ffat. See Benefit,
Professedly, lyillr tdhiran.
Profession, *. (calling), j\^ kar.
'rofitable, JuXi mufid.
SOS
PRO
Profitableness, iJoli ffiyidat, i'olil
PRO
zum'yat.
See Offspring, genera
tion, race.
ifadat. See Profit.
Profitably, i'
likol fuyidat, Prognosticate, v. .. '..5 tanabba',
JjliJ iafawwal. See Foretel,
predict.To prognosticate from
ItiafHyidat.
Profitless,
the stars), *sr najjam.
/at, ^s^
Profligate, ji
-\i ^^/ Miewir. See Scoundrel, villain.
Profligateness, profligacy, jLu*J
fa*ad,j shar. See Wickedness,
villainy.
Profound, <_ camii. See Deep.
(most learned), *-Le1 adam,
Prognostication, prognostic, JU/u/,

JLC^ iitau'-.Hil. See Prediction,
omen.The prognostications of
astrologers, *1(-l ahkiim.
Skilful in the prognostics of the
stars, -4>LsX* munajjim mahir.
Prognosticator, . *! munajjim,
JLj^Gj /aA /a?. See As

trologer.
Progress, progression, _.
istidraj, f^j^ tadrij,
Profoundly (deeply), JUju Jw Ji/roi
ikbd.1. See Passage.(advance
<a^nfli. See Deeply.
ment in knowledge, (__Jr_j
Profoundness, profundity (depth),
tarakkl, .*Jot3'
taJlm,
v_îjL7
Jtf iamuk, j). yftawr; (great
*
c

<<Idli. A remarkable progress
knowledge), J^l'^.ii kasarat al
(in anything), JLil iklal, jô
Profuse (prodigal), ,A-^ mubazzir,
zaJiur. A progress (circuit, pro
t^jjMist musrif ; (abounding),^.ii
cession, journey), (J_ji~j suluk,
kasir. See Plentiful, abundant.
safar.
Profuseness, profusion (prodigality), Progressive, progressional,
<_-iUJ itrdf. Profusion (abun
ittidrajl.
dance), i ii kasarat.
Progressively, s?jJcJb Mttadrlj,
Progenitor. See Forefather,ancestor.
\jjs~a\3 bi istidraj.
Progeny,
awldd, Progressiveness, _' ,A__' itiidr&j.
natal,
See Progress.
/,
PRO
809
PRO
Prohibit, v. jJ~* mana-
s naha',
tadblr. See Project. (jutting
harram,
arnal
out), , AJ takaddum.
tahrim.
See Forbid, debar, Projection (shooting forwards), _ 1>
hinder, check.
tarh. See Projecture.(delinea
Prohibited, c .-^v* mamntii, ,g~t
tion), *~:j ratm,
itxc munha' ânno, fj^* muhar(astir. See Plan, project.
ram. Anything prohibited, /*)/>- Projector, *.
haram, c i-*. wnMnu-., _ii*,
mukhtari^.
mumtana-,. Things prohibited,
Projecture (a jutting out), *
rainiif, i_i>Uji^ mamnftât.
takaddum. See Projection.(A

projecture before a house (as a
Prohibitor, jU
Jili naA?,'
Cr mani^,
<-' o^
f>jS^ muharrim.
Prohibition, r - - man^, ^ \- '-~_-t]
balcony, pent-house, etc.), jlj^

rawuk. See Balcony,porch,portico.
Proleptical. See Antecedent, pre
im/ini!',, ^.jsC tahrim, ^p nahl.
vious.
Prohibitory, |>_5*i^ >nnti, ^^sjsc Prolific, (_i-jLxJ tanasuli, y ->
tahrlml. See Prohibitor.
J_;lxd! ytinftt-. HI tanasul. See
Project, P. (contrive) c .r.S. 1 ikhtaProductive, fruitful, pregnant.
ra<, jjl ibtada^. See Form,
Prolix, J-tjL tawll, Jjlla^ JM<Wplan, scheme.To project (jut
wa/, JtiL mvfassal. See Long,
out), ^J-Lci_^ri)l ashraf tola' ;
tedious, diffusive.
(cast forward), _^,
Prolixity, prolixness, Jî <fi/,
Project, . _)JJ tadblr,
v.
^KJlJ-.îij tafsllalkalum, Jjîu
ibtidSi, z\jî.\ ikhtir&i, (j\ Ju-1
tatwil.
iluJ'ix. See Contrivance, scheme,
Prolixly, J-âiillj bittafill, 'Lai
plan, invention.
mufassalan. Prolixly and com
Projectile
(impelled
forward)
pendiously, JUj>-^jJ ,..,18 -JL
cjjiXs'* mahduf. A projectile
bittafsll teal ijmul.
(anything thrown forward),
Projecting (scheming), *.
Prolegomena, Aa>rU fatihah.

Preface.
See
PRO
810
Prologue, . i>-L..O dibujat,
PRO
,-'<.--('. To promise to one another,
mukaddamat, <=c"ls fdtikat.

-/
>
Prolong, v. JjJ <awZ. To pro- Promised,
jreawj-urf.
long the time, ÛfJl Jji tawwal Promisor, t. Ail

Promising, promissory (making a
promise), JLC!J watid.
Prolongation, jl <Ai/! imtidad, Jjâj
tattoll, <LJl_W italat, <JjJ? <M?. Promissorily, IAJ wa^dan.
azzaman.
See Delay.
Promontory, *. \ju\j rus.
Promote, c. (prefer), ^^ raiio',

Prolonged, JjJs-< mutawwal.
,iXi knddam, f.Jj rafa-.. See
Prominence, <i\Juj\ irtifu.^. See
Elevate, exalt.To promote to
Protuberance.
dignity or office, .Lj^*^,^ ^Y/C/
Prominent, _AJ^ murtaflc,, \j"j
7Ao martabat, t->fiiî WiJ^1 Carnal
btiris, t_Jjkû munhadib.
laho mansab.
Promiscuous, r^Lsr^ makhlut. See
Promoted,
i^f^* mutara&M, _sJ-
Mixed, confused, undistinguished.
murtafii. See Propagated.
Promiscuously, Ssjl_s-*^<Lr>-j_> Wwajhin makhlut.
Promoter, . ,c^ murakki, C-J^s-*
muliarrik. See Encourager.

Promise, *. Ju:j wa^d, ,Jj iaw/,
- f^ '',':'//'.'<'. j_,- ., mawâd, Promotion, ^_<*/ tarakkl, \..L 3j\
il\x~t mliud. According to pro
mise, kXcjllt~<*. hasab al wa^d.
irtikd, jJD takaddmn. See

Preferment, encouragement, ex
altation.
The performance of a promise,
Prompt
(active), jJ *<w,^tli
AftjJ1*L^jl ilmam al tca^d.
To perform a promise, oj
Ac.l\ wa/' Z wcrf. To break
a promise, tXcjJl^lsi. khan al
shatir ; (ready), j-c\i>- Mdtr,

jjCju<* ,:i:i-,''i^nf. See Ready,
acute.Prompt payment, ,_ydJLJ

nakdl. See Ready money.
tca^d.
Promise, v. JuCj waâd, <Ujf*J Prompter (monitor), . liclj ra^,
/(.'( ?'/'/;;<:' /,)/:..(. To promise too
Û wdsz'A.
Promptitude,
promptness, ..-.__
much, JirfyJl^j^JL) balagh ftl
811
PRO
*>'.i--.nt.
PKO
See Readiness, expedi
tence,
^j 1 asdar at hukm.
To pronounce sentence of death,
Ji>Ll I) *.(=>- hakam lilkatl. Pro
See Readily, quickly, expedinounced, IjîL* malfuz.
tiously.
Pronouncer, . ]aiil Idfiz.
Promulgate, promulge, v. j g *-1 Pronunciation, lal) fo/z.
osAAar.^lil azâr. See Publish, Proof, CuLj! isbut, (JJj rfa/zZ
proclaim.
(plur. J-J^J dalilyif), ^Ljb^J
Promulgation, ^lfi\ u&tor, jl^lil
burhan (plur. ^j^ji bardhln).
zA<2r. See Publication.
(evidence), ijlî shahudat.
tion, quickness.
Promptly, i\-Juillan, l*j|-j sarican,
^11
t#
Promulgated, jjl shayi-.,

mathhfir, jfJL* mushtahar.
See
Published.
Promulgator, promulger, _
mushhir, _Xu.< tmtshayyii
Prone (bending, not erect),
mayil. See Prostrate.(having
a propensity),
i_-~=1j rughib.
Proneness, ^J-^* , y;, .Lc^ rughbat,
Jjî shawk. See Propensity,
inclination.
See Evidence, testimony. A

convincing or positive proof,
(JltojJJj daMl lurhdni. Proof
(test, trial, experiment), ^
imtih&n, i^rsr tajribat,
khibrat. "Without proof, tUJ
bilu, isbut, jJ-Jj^lj Jt7d
bila bwhan.
Legal
iil jl adillat sharpyat.

A proof-mark upon weights, mea
sures, gold, silver, etc.,jLc ciydr.
The assayer of the mint, who
puts the proof-mark on gold or
Pronoun, *. (personal),^..^ damlr.

A demonstrative pronoun, *-!
iyar.
i^Lill / aZ Marat. A. rela Prop, s.
masnud,
tive pronoun, A~*! 1 ,-^ 1 <rf MW
, See Support.
al mubham. An interrogative Prop, p.
sanad. See Support,
pronoun, *\<1 "-î' .~^ ha/rf al
sustain.
litifham.
Propped, Jyûu* masnud.
Pronounce, . (articulate), liaJ fo/oz. Propagate, v. jj nathar,
See Speak.To pronounce senSee Extend, spread,
PRO
812
PRO
diffuse, promulgate, publish. Properness, L.L-i}j^ mittcufakat,

(to increase), jlj z.ud; (to gene
iUiU^ munasabat, <sJ)L! liyakai.
See Fitness, suitableness, tallness.
Property (peculiar quality),
khatat, JU-Ui- khatsiyat, CJ
Propagated (diffused), j-jli> shayi^.
za<, <Ui.^ kayfiyat, <Li>l muhiyat.
See Promulgated, published.
See Essence, quality, nature, dis
(increased), jl j;_. mwtdad ;
position.(possession), L^ ^ w >
w /'//; (goods), Jl wai (plur.
(generated), jJ^ mmoattad.
Jl^tl amwal).
Propagation (diflfusing),
See Promulgation, Prophecy, *j.J nabuwat. See Pre
publication. (increase), i'olJ
diction, divination.The gift of
zayudat, 3\>3j\ izdiyad ', (gene
prophecy, i^-J nabuwat.
ration), ^ JJi waludat.
Prophesy, . ^^-iJ tanabba'. See
Propagator, . (generator), .x '_..><;//,/,
Predict.
-^- ii/!'.i:"i'lii> -, (a spreader), Prophet, prophesier, .
. *,., t muslin >/ 1/ i-_.
rate), jJy> tatoallad. To propa
gate religion, ^jJljlioJljuaS
kasad intithar addin.
"* I
Propensity, propension, propend- Prophetess, *.

nabiyat.
ency, J-^* mayl, ^^> shawk,
&~c.j rughbat, ^>\z>- Jchutir, lys Prophetic, .^j nabatci.
phetic saying,
hatoS. See Inclination, tendency.
Proper (fit), jA layik, *-~s?\3
teaftb, i_-"'^- /.'''/(''
Propinquity, ty iwri. See Near
ness, proximity, neighborhood.
munasi/i ; (peculiar), (
Ma,
(relationship),
i^j Tearubat,
w^j-^*^* makhu ; (accurate,
u- ^.>ii nasab, <U.wjûlJ karabat
just), L-.-li. mcaibut. See True,
nasabiyat. See Kindred.
exact.(natural, original),
Propitiation,
u?!Uj'*_U!i_jlluci^\
talig ; (real), ,J-1 *
Aaii/ll. See Necessary.
'roperly (fitly),
liyfikat.
isti^tuf nllah tabula'. See Propitiousness, atonement.

Propitious,
, ic..y
PRO
813
musaîd, (J*\y muwdfik,

iitw-.tul. See Favorable,
kind, benign, benevolent. To
make propitious, to propitiate,
Aiiuc-il uta^tafaho. To be or
become propitious, L_JL! lataf.
Propitiousness, i_cl-ii lutf, (jîji
tatcfik. See Conciliation, benig
nity, kindness.
PRO
kaddya) ; (a design),
U) niyat, jl^t murad,
gharad. See Intention, scheme,
plan.The proposition of a syllo
gism, JJL mukaddamat.
The
major proposition of a syllogism,

,_.*&\A/*jJL*Sl id mukaddamat al
kubra.' The minor proposition,
t ..^jU'Âa^n a/ mukaddamat
bisa^Propitiously, ^ûi
al eughra'.
Propose, . propound (make a pro
din via tawfik,
Proportion, t_-=liJ tanaeub,
posal), "dyfl-c tflrflrf ZaAo. To
nasabat, <L-l^< mundsabat. See
propose to one's-self, i*"5/*^
'.ii'iiiit, tala', v ^* kasad. See
Analogy, symmetry ; form, size.
C.
Kp
Proportion, v. proportionate, jjwU

Intend, design, scheme, plan.
A Ms %ala, (ji\y* <H_L-*-_c Proposer, *. propounder, *
iamalaho muicafik. See Por
mukaddim, <jOj\- %arid.
tion, divide, distribute.
Proposed, ^jOtjX^t ma^rud, ,.
Proportionable, proportional, promukaddam, etc. See Offered.
(intended), ^ **- maksud. See
portionate,proportioned, i_^~j^-
mutanasib. Proportionality, proDesigned.
portionateness, c--~Ûj tandsub. Propound, v. > kaddam. See
See Proportion.Proportionally,
Propose, offer, exhibit.
Proportionately,
Proprietary (belonging to a certain
bil muniisabat il< ghayrihi,
owner), dL mul
Sj^s. ,Lc,îLJLilj bil kiyas
Proprietor, proprietary, .
miilik, i_^>>-L sdhib. See Pos
ghayrihi.
sessor.
Proposal, . proposition,
Propriety (fitness), <Lj>L! layakat,
iltimas,
matlab (plur.
matalib), <i3 kadiyat (plur.
<U~>U^ muniisabat.
See Exact
ness ; fitness ; property.
PRO
814
Prorogation, i_ajjj' tawakkuf, <j

ta^wik, j?=*-\"> tukhlr,
tatufil, j\,M~i\ istijnrtir. See
Prolongation, continuance. To
PRO
mwlawamat. See Perse>
verance.A legal prosecution,
da^wa', or
See Process.
mudda^t. See
prorogue, j-\ akhkhar.
Prosecutor, *. .
Prorogued, .si-'ls^ mutaakhkhar,
Accuser, persecutor.
iiîy* mawkuf.
Proselyte, J^=^k> dakhil,
Proscribe, v. _x* manai, û nafi,
ghars. See Convert.
(JijUVjaJo- hakam lil katl.
Proscribed , J.:v , \ b <t_Jic
Prosody,
ilm al
maJikam ialayhi lil latl,

Prospect (sight, view),^lii- manzar,
manfa'.
A proscriber,
JaJ nazar; (distant view), J-xjyai
nafl,
munfi. Proscription,
nazar ba^d; (a place which
]ASI~\I^Z&IJ*.\ al hitkm likatl
affords an extensive view), Ji^~i
ahhadan.
mamar (plur. J^\^t manazir).
Prose, jij nasr, j_s.*l*'**K kalam
Prosper, v. (make happy), JuA_-<lL
musajja^.
tamalaho s&tld, Ait~i\ asâd. Bee
Prosaic, <jy-J nturl.
Favour.(to be or become happy
Prosecute, v. (continue endeavours
or successful), Jû^L? tar
after any thing), j*z~>\ istamar,
saiid. May God prosper (him, her,
^\c*j\3 dawam âla'. See Per
etc.), *15!*Jk*j! asâdaho attah.
severe, continue.To prosecute a
Prosperity, prosperousness, JU5^
design, kLj ^jLz \j datcam âh'
ikMl, ijU> saiiidat, c:"^
niyattihi, JfJuoJ^jL^c-sl istamar
lakht. See Happiness, success,
âla' kasdihi. To prosecute at
good fortune.
lalabaho lil
law,
arnal Prosperous, J-Jl* mukbil,
musharaât,
musâd, ^r*** muflih. See Fori shariâh.
tunate, successful.
Prosecution (pursuit), i
bikol ikb&l,
mularadat, Jo tard; (persevering Prosperously,
likol saidin wa
istimrdr,
to carry on),
815
PRO
najuh. See Fortunately, success
PRO
Protracted,
mutaakhkhar,
mamdud. A protractor,
mutawwil.
Protraction, o!jc^l imtidad,
taakhir, J-.1 -' tatwll,
fully.
Prostitute, v. Jjj rmsal.
Prostitute, prostituted, ^>jj razzl.
Prostitute, *. <Lla-li fahishat,
tuwa.nl. See Delay.
kahlat. See Strumpet, whore.
Protractive, protracter,
To play the- prostitute, c
hall. See Dilatory.
âradathalahaUlkhata.
Prostitution, k~? kahbanat. See Protuberance, j) waram. See
Tumor, swelling, pimple.
"Whoredom.
tearman,
Prostrate, I.X^-L> so/Man. To fall Protuberant,
_. mutakaddim. See Promi
prostrate, Ijia-Ls^ khar sajidan.
nent.
Prostrate, 0. JUE-" sajad.
\_sujud.
Protuberate,
Prostration,
ajdat,
i
i
Protect, r.
takaddam. See Swell, project.
hama', \ tan,
. See Defend. Proud, j~( .".* mutakabbir. See
Splendid, grand, magnificent,
Protection,
iiyanat,
Protector,
muhufazat.
Aam7, lail*.
pompous, vain, ostentatious ;

daring, presumptuous.
1 likol jabrin
See Proudly,
.
Preserver, defender.
wa kubriyci. To behave proudly,
Protected, (_y**^ muhma', ]ojiis.-*
^.Ij takabbar.
mahfaz. See Defended.
Prove, . (by testimony or argu
ment), LZ-wJl //./,.-(/. . .> : lie, Jin,; ;
Protest, v.f**j)j}^ lamalprotesto.
Protest, protestation, ji+ujj^} pro(to try, bring to the test), '-r'jfr
testo.
jarrab, ^ -c\t] imiahan. See
Protester, . jjL* mukarrir,
Examine.(to happen), ,J-3y.duJj^J! -nniil al proteito.
Art? ; (to become), j\*a stir ; (to
Protract, P. ^-^ akhbkar,
tatowal, ^.'.--lU..- . -nalaho tnvill.
See Delay, lengthen.
find by experience), ^,.-.S*\ ikhtabar.

Proveable, cyLSI \JjLj kabil /'
PRO
816
PRO
Mat, UUUW JjU k&bil al im- Providence (of God),

:'/!: a, .'j-2v.lV.-Cfc* mumkin al
al Jinu/iif al ilahiyat ;
tajribat.
Proved (by evidence or argument),
c_'.-l.. maslut ; (brought to the
test), t-jpsr* mitjarrab,
(fore
sight, prudence), j-_jJj tadblr,

fjtfOi boiirat, (Jit âtl, l?Lij>-l
ihtiyat.
Provident, yj-< mudabbir, ,J5L_c
c "///. A provident man, L_ô-Ui
Provender, CUî but, /UL (n-.ti/n,
sahib baslrat. See Prudent
<Uv*L\ atîmat. See Provisions,
man.
Providential (effected by proyidence), (
mutammam bi înayat al bari
11'."/'<\ Providentially, >c'o.t! Li^^\ bil -.iiii'ii/iit, al ilahiyat.
fodder.
Proverb, *. (Ji^* <waZ (plur.
cuntal), c^-;._j_i masaldt.
speak proverbs,
r&wai amsal,
/// amsal.
To
See Providence.
Providently, ^--ajj^j likol baslrat,
Proverbial, .jli^ masali,
^.OJGJ bi tadblr, *lkLs-1 iUtjJl^JliO Ay yudrab bihial masal.
yutan,
Proverbially, ^Ji^c^;.j bi naw^_
mtual.
Provider, . ,<*$>* muhayyi.
Provide, v. provide for (prepare, get Province, .
akllm,
ready),â- haddar. To provide
ayulat, ^,Uj diyar. See Region,
necessaries, ;'.'*! V.-j=-. haddar al
tract.Any man's province, duty,
or office, i-A<- khidmat.
law&tum. See Prepare, purvey,
procure, furnish.To provide or Provincial (relating to a province),
mans nil lil akalim.
Carnal shur&t,
stipulate,
Carnal mUfMhadat. To Provision, provisions (food),
tii. fun, !,Xc ahadd, ^^'_ ".
provide industriously for a family,
;'-' *-\.- kaddam aldttim.
dat. Provisions served out to
Provided, - ^* muhaddar, etc.
ambassadors, etc. from the public
See Prepared. Provided that,
treasury, ^t-..jO fajylw. Pro
vision (stipulation), Ss-i
an.
PKO
817
PUB
muc.ahadat.
Provisional Prude, . Jilc
\_
(conditional), LJ*r~> *Ar<5. Pro
âmilhulaho^fikil. [tadblr.
visionally, \D)ju*i bi shurut.
Prudence, * - -" < baslrat,
Proviso, Sr-i shart. See Stipu Prudent, prudential,
sahit baslrat, JJiU ^<iktl. Pru
lation, condition, provision.
dent people, tjfn)i^!J\f!e\ ashab
Provocation, ' ^-.'.^ -~** tahrlk,
^jaijss? tahrld (plur. i^yLi^st?
baslrat, j*)i(-.i\jj\ arbab tadblr.
tahrlddt}. See Irritation ; also Prudently, prudentially, JJLc^Jxj
bikol âklin toa baslrat,
appeal.
Provocative, s. ijîJlLL^s'* OTMbikol tadblr.
harrak aslishahicat.
Prune, s. (plum) ^l^-l ajas, j-^=>~
Provoke, v. (enrage), i_^ -a. ~\
khatokh, J^J barkuk.
aghdab. See Irritate, offend. Psalm, *. j)-j-* matmur. The
(to excite, give an edge), C-^=>psalms of David,
harrak. See Stimulate, incite,
mazamlr ddud. Psalmody,
move.
tazmlr. A psalter (book of
Provoker, . (causing anger),
psalms),jjij\ \ t_>l^ kitub atzabur.
w~J_x. mughdib ; (a causer, Psaltery, s. (species of harp) Û
promoter), cJ^s" muharrik.
kanun.
Pshaw ! ilj wah. See Foh ! pish !
Provoked, <^^s-* muharrak.
Provoking (giving provocation), Puberty, c ^L bulugh, i-ij-'-J bulu_-._:x. mughdib.
ghiyat. A boy arrived at the age
Provost (chief of a college or other
society), <LjjjL^l!(j*aj rayyet al
madrasat. See Magistrate.
of puberty, jjlj baligh. A girl

arrived ut the ago of puberty,
iilbe^j bint balighat. To ar
rive at the age of puberty, jL>
Prow (fore part of a ship), *A>_

jjb sur baligh.
e.^f*!! mukdum al markab.
Prowess, AcLs^ sha.jat.at, *'\&- Publican, *. (the keeper of a house of
jaraat. êe Courage, valor.
general entertainment),
Proximate, k^-oy karlb. Proximity,
mlkh&nji, JC*- khammar.
JUJ! t'tfuctf.
Publication, il-:-il ishhar,
PUD
818
Mar. The publication of a book,

'_"----' tasnlf, w_i-!'
Public (commoD, general),
niuihtarak; (generally known),
nashhur, uJuyt* ma^ruf. Pub
PUL
Pudendum (membrum virile), <LIl

Ji^L^:'. >''/(.'/ attandwl, 3 sakar
(plur. jj^J ettiur). Pudendum
(mulieris), ji farj (plur. ^-^^
furuj).
Puerile, ^^ÛJ? </i. See Childish.

Puerilty, iJîlj tifuliyat. See
lic business (national affairs),
Childishness.
iljjJî^! ttwur addawlat. The
public treasury, hrO?*^ al mlrl. Puff, . (blast) isP nafhat (plur.
Public burdens, d-.j^ci.JJlJlj
CjLs^ nafhat) ; (a fungus), US'
takalif ûrfyat. See Tax.
kamd. See Mushroom.
Public prayers, IrJ rfwâ. See Puffer, *. (blower) J\j nafikh.
Prayer. A public standard of -ÛS' liiyS^ wayiu. See Ape.
weights or measures, jLe itydr.
Pugh ! s\j wah. See Foh !
Public, *. (general body of a nation)
Puissance. See Power, potency.
i_ -n'-H ashtha^b. See Nation,
Puissant. See Powerful.Puiscommonalty.
santly. See Powerfully.
Publicly, <Ljle idlaniyatan, |yj>Us
Pull, v. t-^s~" sahab, t_>^- jazab.
zahiran. Publicly and privately,
See Draw, drag. To pull up
<Uilej \j~> sirran tea vtiluniyatan.
(eradicate), %Jj kala^. See Ex
Publicness,î^lj zuhur, ^fi shuhrat.
tirpate, tear, rend.To pull hairs
Public-spirited, c,l?jJ!t_^s-* wmhib
from the face, i__<bj nataf.
al toatan.
Public- spiritedness,
Pull or pulling, s. <-_>JJ>- jaib,
^L.!!i_-~- hib al tcatan.
f>- jar. A puller, t
Publish, v. j$2>\ aehhar. To pub
lish a book, c-jLi^jjU nashar Pulled, (__;. A/-.-' majzub,
kital.
Publisher, s.^li ndshir. The pub
lisher of a book,
n&iJiir al lilfili.
Pudding, . (jJJy pudding.
maAui. See Drawn. Pulled

up, c-j^s-"*^* ,'iathub.
Pullet, lj,ji^k>.j> farkkt saghlrah.
^j> farraj.
Pulley, , iô bakaral.
PUN
819
Pulmonic (belonging to the lungs),

iOyj<._Jyu*i- mansub III riyah.
Pulp (of fruits), *3=~> tshahm, t_
lib.
Pulpit, s.j~* manbar (plur. ^jU
manubir").
[annabt.
Pulsation, s.
harakat,
Pulse, *.
nabt. One stroke of
the pulse, LaJ nabfat.
Pulse (leguminous plants),
hubub, i^J\j^>. hububdt.
PUR
lilwakt. See Pointedly.Punctualncss, <L_jJ dikkat.

See
Exactness.
Puncture, IjsC nakhzat.
Pungency, i:A- hiddat.
[sharp.
Pungent, jU- had. See Piercing,
u*
Punish,
Punishable,
mustahil al kisas.
muâkab, <__
See Punished,
Pea, bean.
Pulverable, ^^s^lCi^ mumkin
muaszab.
To
j' IK 'iL
be
punished,
assahk. Pulverization, pulveriz Punisher, *.

ûkib, *i:.:. *
ing (reducing to powder), (J^* Punishment,
sahk. To pulverize, (J~sf^ sahaL
Pumice-stone, *. (_^11/^ hajar al Pupil (apple of the eye), (.p
hash, tL^lkj^ hajar al hatuL
bftbbu al âyn, {.j~d]<LjJe>- hadaPumpkin, pompion, *. c.îi fcar^.
kat al <j.aynt (^*j&\l^j\ insan
Pump', *. (for raising water), "U^t
al iai/n. See Eye.(a scholar),
turumba.
Ji~*]j talmlz.
Pun, . jj-*K Mambur, -t- -y Pupillage (state of being a scholar),
See Wit, humor.To
4>-*W<LlU- halat attalmiz.
<MaZ kalambur. Puppet, *. d.*! litibat.
Puncheon, .
barmll. See Purchaseable, cjîA.; yushtara'.
Barrel.
Purchase, v. ^sj^>\ ishtara', JJI-J
Punctilio,
tasawwak. See Buy..
Punctilious,
d/u'i Purchase or purchasing, *. l^-i!

See precise, ceremonious.
ishiira.
Punctual,
sahib dikkat. Purchaser, . ^jJ^t mushtari.
See Exact, accurate.Punctually, Pure (clear, limpid),
(tlhir ;
PUR
820
(unmixed), (_/=!L>- khdlii ; (in

nocent, chaste), ^2>U? tdhir, ^Ja
nail. See Holy, virtuous, modest.
(sincere of heart), jj jL> sadik.
Purer, purest, jo\ athar.
Purely (without mixture, with
limpidness), i_J^ sarf,\sAJfalat.
See Pure. (merely, simply),
ku fakat.
PUR
ma^na' <SJST\ -..i

discourse),
natljat.
ka-sd,
Purpose, tJ\ ,\ iraddt,
*jfi iii-ni, '^>J nlyat,
mahud (plur. Jw>Ul makand),
^Ji.s. gharad (pi. u*l/*^ ayhr&d}.
See Intention, design.(conse
quence, effect). See Instance,
example.On purpose,purposely,
i bilkaed, IjuaJ kasdan,

Pureness, purity (clearness, limpidâmdan.
laharat, ijliiJ nakawat.
Purpose,
v.
Juiis katad. See Intend,
Purity or elegance of manner,
design, resolve.
tahzlb al khisal.
Purse, .
See Elegance.
Purgative, Jia- mutahhir. A pur Purse, v. (put in a purse)
wada^ bil kis.
gative, faj tharbe. See Purge.
Pursiness, pursivenesa (shortness of
Purgatory, ^jk*!! al mathar.
breath), ûJilliii-^ dlkat annafat.
Purge, s. JAUJK masahhil.
Purslain, i_l_J-J baklat, lif^J
Purge, v. (cleanse), L_a.dJ naddaf.
far/akin.
Purger, purifier, . jk* mutahhir. Pursuable (capable of being prose
Purification (rendering
cuted), j\jAsJl\ Jjli kaW al
tathlr.
iitimrar.
Purificative, purificatory, purifying, Pursuance (prosecution of any ob
_;li mutahhir.
Purified, j^k mutahhar.
ject), j\j*z~i\ ittimrar, 0*j\*

mudawamat. In pursuance of,
Purify, i). (make pure),^^Ss tahhar.
pursuant to, >_. ..... "*-l_^-c t4^8'

hasab, _ "~^ it hasab, i ^n.-husitli. In pursuance of the in
structions which I have received
from the Government of Her
Purple, adj. ijj*j> AirmI. Purple,

*. ij\frj\ arjawan. The purple
shell-fish, j~iji barfit:
Purport (tendency of a writing ot
821
PUR
PUS
Majesty the Queen, it is my duty
<O*jl_ll kaddam oazakhayir al

Idzimat.
to state to your Excellency that,
Purveyance (procurement of provi
etc.,
sions),^jUi. ti!l*J XaJ' takdlm astakhayir.
Purveyor, s. ^sMj..^ wakll al
See According
to. In pursuance of orders,
J-^\L_ - "^7 bihasnb al amr,
*_kJi_.,.i.-v /<//> / ^/<X-w.
Pursuant to the signal, ^_-^
ijliJI Aoai ai isharat. Pur
kharj. See Procurer, pimp.

Purulenee, pus, ^.3 kayJi.
Purulent (full of pus, as a wound),
,*.V"* mukayyih,
t, v. (drive, shove, thrust, force),
dafash, j_JJ dafa^. To
suant to promise, A"jMi

hasab al tca^d.
push back or away, J^ rod.

Push, pushing, s. Jj da/^. See
Pursue, p. (follow, chase) ^j
Impulse. (an attack), j*^4
(to prosecute with perseverance),
run, <cL<i. hamlat ; (an effort),
j 4 ".,..)! istamar ; (to prosecute
legally), AwyllJ c-Ji toW W
See Endeavor.(emer
skariât. See Persevere, en
gence, existence), LiiJil iktida.
deavor, proceed.
To make a push (to assault), ^^
Pursued, Jj^* malhuk.
/^sr5* âma? hujum ; (to make an
Pursuer, . (follower), J^-J ZdAi'/i; ;
effort), ^j*.) #?. See Endeavor.
(hunter), jlJLe tayydd; (prose
Pushed, c yj^ madfu^.
cutor), J;Ua <drW.
Pusillanimous, ^^T jaban, u-wUiPursuit (following), jUs\JI Utihak;
khayif, jJ-iJ tanbal. SeeCowardly,
(endeavor), Jwp- jaM, j-; sa^l,
timid.
<tJi hiin,iKil. See Prosecution.
Pusillanimousuess, pusillanimity,
Pursy (short breathed and fat),
ijLs>- jabanat. See Timidity,
\jus\**o dik annafas.
meanness.Pusillanimously, JCPurvey, v. (provide with victuals
-''-^- bikol jabdnat.
or conveniences)
Pustule, < <L-- habbat.
36
PUZ
QUA
Puzzler, a.jr.sf muhoyyir.
Put, v. (lay)
1- hat ; (to sprout),
; (to exert), (J-4^
Carnal jaddaho wa
jaddaho ; (to propose), j-/rc tarad.
To put in (insert), Ji- jl adkhal.
To put in practice, J^c Carnal.
To put in a claim, ,<e J>J^ indaâ'.
Pyramid, *. jjA harim (plur.

ahratn).
[mitl al harim.
Pyramidal, pyramidical,
Pyrites (fire-stone),
annar.
Pyx, *. fi:^- huk. See Box.
To put off (divest, lay aside),

t_ n v -y-^LcLL^J farai âfo'
The Arabic characters which have
j'areai ; (to procrastinate), j-\
akhkhar. See Delay.(to dis
card), Jjc. fczaZ. To put out (ex
tinguish), (jil? tafa'. To put out
any affinity with Q are jj and cL/.

Quadrangle, s. L-iljjJlj-j^JCi
,1/1 t;W iiinrti/i/iii:.. azxawayd. See
Court, square.
(publish), j%2>\ ashlar. To put
Quadrangular, bljjJl^j^ jrflito death, JiJi Aaia?. See Kill,
ioi_ aa&awuya. To make quad
murder.To put together, J-*ST
rangular, JJLLkc amalaho
To put upon (impose),
Carnal hllat iala'.
To sit in a
See Deceive, cheat.
quadrangular form, jjy tarabba^.
Putredinous, putrescent, putrid,
To be quadrangular, ^J^j taraVba^,
putrified, ,jA- muiaffin.
j-j-^Lo ar murabbdi.
Putrefaction, putrescence, putridQuadrant, ,v ._', rwi c. . See Quarter.
ness, iijAc. tufiinat.
The quarter of a circle, J^l jJ \ ^-ij
Putrefy, v. (rot), ^yic oa/.
Puzzle, f-jJ^*- hayyar. See Per
plex, embarrass, confound.
Puzzle, *. ^.p- *?r<rf,
ta-,ajjab.
Puzzled, \^j^~ hayrun,
See Perplexed.
rub^ adduyrat. An astronomical

quadrant, iL_;\ Jk_S\ j.>j rub^
addayrat. Quadrate. See Qaadrangle, quadrangular.
[Suit
Quadrate, v. u>mrfU a$. See
Quadrature (squaring), -^-;
QUA
323
QUA
Quality, accomplishment ; a^t*

Quadrennial (comprising w lasting
abatement, diminution.
four years), t~-^ I -?>* murabba^
assinln ; (every four years), J Qualified (made fit), Jh9\)- muw&fik,
t_-~ili^ munasib, ^^ Zuy'i.
,.C7"!.'>>A,ffj*it /col dTodât
sin\n,
C
Qualify, p. (make fit for anything),
Quadrilateral, f-jV murabba^.
^jli^^Ltx tamalaho muteafik;
Quadriliteral (as a word consisting
(to
modify, regulate), *lii
of four letters),
See Arrange.
Quality (property, accident,
khussat, i~e\- khassiyat,
mdthiyah(fla.r. .fi\yt mawasJii).
tifat, 4-,.-.a,... kayfiyat,
Quadruple (_jlfee!*J|i arbaât
mahtyat; (disposition, temper of
adâf. To quadruplicate,
mind), (^L* mashrab, -,\jt
j\j*\iMJ( ddiaf arbaiat amrar.
mazaj ; (rank), tef-j^ darajat,
Quail, . AjUud summanat (plur.
<i*ly~* manzalat, ^r* martabat,
summanat), l^L; talwa,
t_âi^ mansab. See Dignity,
sahoa'.
nobility.The quality (people of
Quaintly (accurately), <LJjj^j iô?
rank), i_>\jil ashraf. See
dikkat. See Nicely.
Nobles.Goods ofthe first quality,
Quaintness. See Niceness, neatness,
JU Jl. mal ^dl.
prettiness, exactness, affectedness,
Quandary. See Doubt, dilemma.
oddness, strangeness.
Quantity,j \ JJL< mukddr,j< kadar,
Quake, r. i_as>-^ rajaf, &KJJ\ irbiiod,
kit HI M !>i at, *_!* mablagh.
UM*JJ\ irtaâsh. See Shake, Quantum (amount), <U-*j>- jumlat,
tremble.
-*>- yj_. See Quantity.
Quake, quaking, s. <ULcj ra^nhat,
Quantum sufflcit, ils^ kaf&yat.
iAc^ rciidut, (J'J-M zahtil,
See Sufficiency.
suilzalat, \.s>-i rofraj.
Quarrel, *. c^fj naz&i, icjL^t
Quadruped, f-j\)
hnii inni zu nflii-- kawayim,
Qualification, i >L
(plur.
i_jLsjl awtaf),
vi-i *//"///. See
munasaât. See Dispute. A

fomenter of quarrels, ^\jS*
muhrak al i
QUA
824
QUE
Quarrel,*. Acjli^,J^c lamalmund- Quarterly (in four parts),

(every three months),
zaât, Ltfo-Jf lamal khusU-ii' /(/ millimit ashhur.
mdt, fj/ij-f Carnal naza^. See
Quartermaster, . ^Lujn muâskar.
Debate, dispute, fight.
Quash, 7. (annul), Jlaj ia/)L)laj^
Quarreller, *. quarrelsome, fj^-
iifit.ii/, ** naiakh. See Crush.
iiiun<l-i^.
\ inii-,il/iii al hafar.
Quatrain, s. (stanza), ^
Quart (measure), jij\ kudrtcr.
See Quarter.
[mwabbata.
Queen, s. <tL* nalakat. The queen

mother, ^LJaL-uJlSjJIj wdlidat
Quartan (ague), AIC^^J**- humma'
astultdn. The queen, at chess,

Quarter (fourth part), jJj rub^.
l wazlr.
A quarter (region of the world or Queer (whimsical),
country), i_jio taraf,
khayyil; (odd, strange),^
jdnib. See Side, district, region.
(fancifulness),
The four quarters of the world,
takhayyal.
*0 ftXuM^J I c u ii^xj 1 1 arbaât arodc. Quench, . (fire), jUI^Jt fe/a'
al maskunat. The quarter of a
andr. To quench thirst, ^j
city, ilLs'* muhallah, jÛ- hdrah.
^bd\ rawa' al totash. See Ex
Fromeveryquarter,
tinguish ; still; cool. Quenchable, lJb^>. yuntafl. A quencher,

min kol jdnib, <
kol taraf.
Soldiers' quarters,
^ji^t mutfl.
JLwxi^lC* makdn al
Querimonious, querulous, ^^li
"Winter quarters, Xw.
shatci. Querimoniously, queru
mashtu al âskar. Quarter (mercy
lously, <L->l*!Jb lil shatayat.
shown by a conqueror), ^1*1
Querimoniousness, querulousness,
amdn. Quarter ! quarter ! ^t/
shakdyat.
^L.1 amdn amdn. To give quar Querist, *. Jjl^ sdyH. See Inquirer.
ter, ^L*! -kcl a^ta' amdn.
Query, . See Question.
Quarter, . (divide into four parts), Query, v. See Question, inquire.
'dc. SceDivide Quest. See Search, inquiry.
QUI
825
QTJI
khafif. Swift,
Question, . (interrogatory),
active, sprightly, ready.
istifham, i
istifsar. See Inquiry, disquisi Quicken, v. (make alive), ^^
ahya' ; (to hasten), Js*-"~'l
tion, search.(doubt),
slink, iU~l shubhat. Any question
istagal ; (to cause to make haste),
i^sf- âjjal.
[muhyl.
put for amusement or trial of
genius, .__.:] ahjiyat (plur. Quickener, s. (making alive),
^jSj-UJ ahajl).
Question (dis
Quicklime,
kih.
pute, controversy), <U-iJ kadiyat, Quickly,

j bikol sarât.
, i~L~s^l lahs,
Quickness, i-c^ surât. See
mujddalat, <tl>-L^ mubuhasat.
Sprightliness, activity, briskness.
Question, v. (interrogate),
Quicksilver, <JU>J taybak.
istafsar. See Quiet, quiescent (at rest, undis
Examine.(to doubt), <^X -*
turbed), i_f^\S> hadl ; (peaceable,
shak. Questioned (doubted, dis
silent), i^^SLo sakit, _i J wadi^',
puted), ^JcL^L* mashkuk bihi;
(mild, gentle), *-^*- hallm.
(interrogated), J^* masul.
Quiet, quiescence (rest, repose, free

dom from disturbance), <t&-|^
mathkuk bihi, <^~ac
rahat, hadn. Best, repose,
See Proble
tranquility, quietness.
matical, disputable.
[Inquirer. Quiet, v.
hadda'. See Calm,
Questionable, A. "*n mushtabah,
Questioner, . JjLi *ay7.
See
Questionless, ^-iib />//'/ shubhah,

U-Jj yakinan, ^^JLjl^
yakln, *_jCll' lashak.
still, pacify.
Quieter, .
muhaddl.
Quieted,
See Cer
Quietly, H,\JJbJj bikol hadawat.

See Calmly, peaceably.
Quibble, *. iS-aTo quibble, Quietness, quietude (a state of tran
Carnal Mah.
quility), Z*~\j rahat. See Quiet.
Quick (living, not dead), (j- Aay ;
(calmness of mind), JLll^^,
(nimble, prompt, speedy), m-J ,-
ruhat albal. See Calmness, still
tainly, doubtless.
QTJT
ness.(silence),
826
KAC
sukut, Quiver, . (case for arrows),

jaibat. A maker of quivers,
i_^~.4.j samt.
Quince, Lbî-a safarjalat.
quince tree,
safarjal.
Quinquangular, M^J
Mtamtat zawuyd. See Pentan
gular.
[j^5- AwQuinsy (inflammation of the throat)
ro;a/. See
Quiver,
Shudder, tremble, quake, quaver.
Quiver. See Nimble, active.
Quota, -t-^ htssah, &A**J kismat.
See Share, portion.
Quotation, s. (from an author),
Quintessence, <LA>- khalasat, L

mahiyat, t
See Essence.
Quintuple, t_
Quire, *. (of paper),
ûjl~j! iktibus.
Quote, v. u~~j\ iktabas.
Quoted, û-cyl* muktabas.
khamsat
Quoter, s. <j-~L* muktabis.
Quotidian, ^f')~> yaufm^-
See
Daily. A quotidian ague,

Quit, . (leave), ^s6 hajar,
jj_ humma' yawmiyeh,
(to set free),
j\J humma' duyimeh.
J^\ atlak ; (to discharge
Quotient (in arithmetic),
or pay), jj /'. See Pay,
hasil, i-L^ maUagh.
repay, requite. (to exculpate
one's-self from any imputation),
barrar Mlaho.
Quite, |Usl'j biltamum, UL-*j E has one uniform sound in En
glish ; as ' rose,' ' more,' for.'
HI jumlat,
tamaman,
In Arabic it is expressed by j.
Eabbi,
rabbin, s. (Jewish doctor),
mutlakan. Quite
kolliyat,
Jidkham.
-iie tzl jiddan.
well,
a/rndb.
Quittance, *. (discharge from a debt, Eabbit, s. (animal),
etc.), \j\ ibra. See Acquittance. Eabble, *. ^^1 atelath. See
_
To quittance.
recompense.
See Eepay,
Mob, crowd, vulgar.

Eace (family, lineage),
ad,
RAD
827
J-MJ ntul, !_,.,, i i.i naiab,

jiru, ajjj zurriyat (plur. cub
RAI
Radical, ê\ call, J-î atll, J,\ J

za<J. See Original, primitive.
surriyat), Lsj\Jo t&yifat.
See Radically,
mm a^ as?.
Generation, offspring, progeny, Radicalness, <uL>)it^Jlk.1 ul halat
ancestry.Of an illustrious race,
al atliyah.
il a*l. Of a Radish, ,
mean race, ^_ -...-">J.^^ mtyhul
Radius (of a circle),
annasab, i_-vuJ <uL mulatto no-sab.
nasf al katr ; (arm-bone),
A race (contest in running),
^jL^ljk-J^Jl âsmat aszind al
<ubuu^ musabakat. See Course.
a^la,'. See Ray.
[See Tatter.
Racer, a. ^j^jLu^. musulik. See Rag, *. Ajiij rukât, AJ^S- khurkat.
Runner.
Rage, L- ^.rir ghadab, li-i ghayz.
Rack (torture), <_J!JLC âzai. A
rack for hay or straw,
See Anger, vehemence.

Rage, v. t_ ^îf ghaddal.
Raging, rageful, t__>tic yhadub,

Hack, v. (put to the torture), <_>JLC
t_.,~.-i^< mughaddib. See Furi
tozzai. See Punish, torment,
ous, angry, violent.
harass ; stretch, extend.To rack Ragged, ^-J; MMraAio^. See
off (wine, etc.), L?Lo saffa'.
Tattered, rugged.
Backed, <_>jjt_^ uni-.tizznli. See Raging. See Rageful.Ragingly,
Tormented.
Hacked off (as
t-~2_ej_J izio^ gfadab. See
wine),
musaffa'. See
Furiously.
Purified.
Ragman, g.jj^-tlj
Badiance, radiancy, radiation, c l
!7r, ^** lamaidn,
Lj rfzya.
lustre.
Badiant, _
See Light, splendor,
Rail, . (palisade),
zu, jjjjj' ,j darabzin. Railway,
1X1 Ak-ljti^l? teri aZ Aa^zrf.
Railer, *. (one who abuses with

lumi ^, j*
munir.
insulting language), .w'li shatim.
See Bright, splendid, shining.
Raillery (satirical merriment), _lu
Radiate, v.
See Shine.
manuh,
maskhara.
828
RAM
EAN
Raiment, (jwU libug, tLj tiyab. Ramble, s. Or .- datcaran. See

Range.
[Wanderer.
See Apparel, garment.
See
matar (pi. ^lln! amtar) Rambler, . j\jJ dawwar.
kazah. Ramification, i_ r.<*
sdr matar. To Rampart, . rampire,
Rain, p. ^
hni/t al kill-.lit, .^ Iftr.
cause to rain, ir*' amtar.
Rancid, *^j zanikh, ^.jsat^t mtiâffin.
Rainy, ^Ll matir.
Rancidness, rancidity, >îc ^tfunat.
Raise, r. (lift, heave), >_.--i'' <wai,
Rancorous, Jj- hakiid. Rancofcjj ra/fl^. To raise an insur
rously, JAo-J&j bikol hakd. Ran
rection, jJJl,y kawwam albalad.
cor, jii- hakd. See Malevo
To raise an army,
lence.
jama^ êufcar.
Random (chance), jUI'l HtifaJc,
Raised, ? ^ war/is^,
iiirliL Random (acci. See Exalted, preferred.
dental), SUJJI itttfatl,
Raiser, . t_**U a5, jj
l. At random (by chance),
Rainbow, a.
Raisin, s^;' i soiii.
jl_i_JSl_j Ul ittifak, 'UlsJl

Rally, v. (dispersed troops),
Mifakan ; (inconsiderately), (.j^
,*xJl4l|X*ujll jamaâl ^naknr al
J^'lj^-i min gTiayr taammvl.
mahur ; (to play off raillery), Range, r. (place in order), u-fl
saf, Jai nazam. See Order.
(to be placed, or stand in order),
tamaskhar
">vA//l
Ram, s. IJM* kabsh ; (the celestial
Range,
'îj
nizum, i*Ju; a/(plur.
lT^J
iwr;
n?
hamal.
sign),
A battering ram,
manjamk (plur. l
i_jy-s sufuf}.
8eo Row, seriee,
rank, order.(the step of a

ladder), <t_?-jJ darajah (plur.
manjanlkai) .
tuls-^J darajat).
Ram, v. (beat violently as with a
battering ram), tjjAfM\it^Jif* Ranged (in order), li^
<lu f/li bil manjanlk.
[stray.
-. *lii- niiiirjiht, i^J-* mwrattab.
Ramble, v. ,\ dur.
See "Wander, Rank, . (_jLs /; (a series, row),
829
BAP
mtf,
*VJ:j ntzam.
HAS
See Bape, *. ijlCJIJo-1 akhzalbakarat.
Bange, order.(degree),
Bapid, *i.j~> saric^. See Swift,
martalat, &--Jj rutbat,
quick.
[See Swiftness.
tabakat, k>-j darajat, ^li shun. Bapidity, rapidness, &c.j~> surc.nl.
SeeDignity.(precedency),jJuaj Bapidly, dc^J^Lj lilcul surtul,
tasaddur, ,wVo takaddum.
Lcî surâtan.
Bank, v. (place abreast),
Bapine, -~$> nahb, <u~ii nahlbat,
Sj\ ghara, UJM yaghmd. See
Bansack, v. (plunder),
Plunder, violence, force.
<jmaZ yaghma,
Bapture, Jts>-} w/rf. See Trans
(to search nar
port, delight.
rowly), ^..i..?t^ tajassas. See
Bare (uncommon, valuable), i)lj
Search.
Bansacked, c_JjL^ maslab,
See Precious ; excellent.(thin),
manhub. See Plundered.
, LJ i raklk.
Bansom (of a captive), I
<OJj fidiyat; (ransom or com Barely (not often), KjU nudiran.
See Seldom.Happening rarely,
pensation for bloodshed),
c îjlljjl) narfir a? i'-idu-:. See
tfryat. See Mulct.
Finely, nicely, accurately.
Bansom, v. ,_.X_J
Bareness, rarity, i^jlj nadirat. A
khallcu. Bansomed,
rarity, ijjli nadirat (plur. ijlj
M/'rtff/Jr, ^MA* muftadl. Bannawddir), 6 i ,~^ tuhfat. See
someless, Lvillj lilufida.
Bap, . 'Oy; darbat, '^ I latmat.
Scarcity; oZso thinness, subtlety.
Bascal, rascallion, *. j>.j~> tharir,

<JL^\j faiik. See Scoundrel, vil
shabat.
lain.
[Villany.
khtitif, ^j^>Kapacious,
jarih, c_
= ghusib. See Fierce. Bascality, ^l_a_- hakarat. See
Bascally, j-JUs- Aoiir. See Mean,
Bapaciously, U kahran.
See Blow.
Bap, v. J_L
Bapaciousness, rapacity,
worthless.
Base, t. ,f,\JÂ& hadam lil atde.
TUT
830
RAY
See Erase, demolish, destroy, Ratification,

skim.
, u_
Rash, j.jJJ<jJLx. m&laho tadblr,
, J-^**1 te^'l?. See Con
..~. rntttahawwir. See Hasty,
firmation.
\mu-akkad.
precipitate, violent, imprudent, Ratified, jjL* mukarrar, Ji_^^_^
careless.Rash satin, ^.. i \>\ Ratifier, *. l^jL-a^ musadik
atlas. The rash (an efflorescent
eruption on the body), i^*^. Ratify, i
hwmrat.
Ratio (proportion), <Lu*
Rashly, j*)&&i lilu tadblr. See
.w/"//. See Rate.
Precipitately, carelessly, violently.
Rational (endowed with reason),
Rashness, jî tahawwur.
^jislj n&tik, JxcL_^=-L> *aAt8
Rasure, uL- hak. The rasnre
c"/-/, bl^1>o! .- L sahib idrat.
of writings, tU^>- hak.
A rational creature, ^^Jrlj^^-ffRat, . ujt>j>- jardun.
Jiayw&n naiik. A rational man,
Ratable, i_^-iL^ munasib, (ji\y>
Jjbi_.wlo */'j7i :(//!/. Rational
mwc&fik. Ratably, <L-)L~J_J
ij'io/ munaialat. See Proportionably.
men, C^\j<i\i^.j\sfe\ athiib idrat.

See Reasonable, wise, judicious.
Rationality (rationalness), 4_Jit
c /!/. See Reason.
Rate (proportion), <L-.-U- mtinatabat; (price), i*-5 kimat. See

Rationally, ,JJL&J$L.j /n'in/ ti/.
Price, value.(tax, assessment,
See Reasonably.
census), r-V-^- khar&j, Z>j>- Ratsbane, jliH~j *at a^/ar, S-'^J
jaziyat. The rate or current
cljl*J\ tarOb al Ulik. See
price of provisions, Îx-îliujLJ
Arsenic.
Mymat al agtSr. Rate of Q\- Ravage, t>. (lay waste), t-jlyi- J^
dhyDge,j*~*\Q\j*~i sir-., alknmlio.
Rate, v. (value at a certain rate),
Carnal khar&b. See Sack, ransack,

plunder, spoil.The army of the
JJ-+J tatnnian; (to chide), 0
enemy ravaged the whole country,
saw, ^TJ wdblakh.

Rather, ^ -^ faHlan,
[alahtan.
-.nil*
ttl Wml Mlaha.
RAY
831
Ravage, i.^^rt" takhril,

tit-Jtil, _vi hadm. See Ruin,
spoil, waste.
Ravaged, c-jî- /.Jim-rib.
Desolate.A ravager,
Rave, v.
REA
the sun,
tuhshams.
Ray, .
See Ray, v.
Raze, v.
efface.
Razor, .
[altur/t.
sttmak
(fish),
See Array ; streak.
/0ib hudam. See Rase,
<GlU~^.i_ mu hilnka.
Reach, r. (touch with the hand),

Ravel, v. t_aJ laf, *ji laram.
; (to arrive at, attain),
kharda^. See Entangle, perplex,
,
j_L lidaijh, J-isinvolve.
Raven, i. clj zclgh, <~-Aji ghin'il,
jU leak. See Crow.
Ravenous, J..S1 alckil. A ravenous
animal, jI?- ^j-* ..> haywan
jarifi. See Rapacious.
; (to fetch from a distance

and give), '-^'b'- /"J. To reach
(penetrate to), Jo- J tlakhal, juij
?ir//(/ j (to be adequate to), JÛ
ti-fifak; (to extend), J*- ?/((/(/,
W-.-.-.' i<(,</; (to be extended), Jo.l
Ravenously, jr^Jj it/fee/ sharah.

TJ a voin)usnt>!is,iîi /://(, LLl la/ifat.
itnitaii. As far as the eye can

reach, y^zJiJ^Jui kudar madd
Raving, o^'. ^y^sr* majnun. See
nl lunar.
To reach or vomit,
Frantic ; a?*o delirious.
c jjh~j! intufrai/ti.
Ravish, . (a woman), ^* fadah; Reach, (extent), jljc.l imtidad;
(to seize by violence), ^ ^"^(intellectual capacity),
khataf; (to transport, delight),
a/ kuwat al mudrikat,
^-'1 dbhaj.
Ravisher, . -s^ls fadih.

Raw (not concocted), l>- k/ium;
(unripe), -^ /a/. See Immature.
(unskilful), . .,1*1 r ghathlm.
Half-raw (meat), ij, nay.
Raw Bilk, jJi /.-(jz.
Hay.*, clbii i/(ici;. The raye of
d, ^\jJ\ idraky (a
fetch, contrivance), itLa- Jiilali.
See Stratagem.(power), ij&
kudrah.
A reach or reaching
(to vomit), fUii-il Mfragk.
Re-act v. (return the impulse), j_J J
da/a^, J.P-J <!;, J; ra'W. See
Repel.
REA
Re-action, *JJ daft.
Read, v. \fi kara.
832
See Repul[sion.
EEA
f- jatcdb hadir. Ready
at an answer, <_>|jsrÛfc. hadir
liljawab. To make ready, ,*ihaddar. See Prepare.To be

w
ready, /-i-^"' tahaddar, Ar.,A

teach by reading or lecture, <j*>j>*
istatad.
darras.
Reader, . $j \ kdrl. See Student. Real (genuine, not fictitious),..,gjA-v
A public reader (in a university,
hakkdni.
Real knowledge,
etc.), ^j*j&* mttdarrit.
il; i.t*!lu_JjU^J' al mit-Jirif al
Readily, ^\o~hdllan, \z&j~i vurâtan;
Reading, s. UUa^ mutaliât, a'lyi
kiraat. See Study, lecture.To
matitatciyat. A real estate, j&c.

(willingly, eagerly), i^cj^j bikol
ghlrat.
âkar, ijsj\ ard. See Estate.
Readiness (state of being ready), Reality, <La.JL-. haklltat.
j*>W Jit \ \ jjjS katon ashshay Realize, v. JUs- hakkak.
hadir ; (promptitude), -t r^ ... Really, &\\r... ,a M>- haklkatan, &\li-Ju
turât. Readiness (willingness,
yaklnan, a ii ..c'k L 4(7 hakikat.
Realm, . Llx-L^ mulk, -* t i ^
eagerness), Sj~s. ghlrat.
Re-admission, Ji-jji.^-^.^^ J^>-J
mamlakat, .v_!,j dawlat.
See
dukhul rninjadld.
Kingdom.
Re-admit,. Jj Jiij-jj^ Ji-J dakhkJial Re-animate, i>. Jo iXsj-^.^,..**-! dAya'
minjadid.
[tanl marrah.
minjadid. See Revive, inspirit.
Re-admitted, i^jJlj^JS-lj dakhil Re-annex, . JjJcj-^ûjLc do/"
Ready (at hand), j-J>\ - hadir,
OTMI jadld.
[obtain.
.*s>'.*>*,i muitahdir, A-T -. . ^.,- Reap, v. Jua.-w /insiiiL See Gather,
i. See Present, prepared. Reaped, Jôsr* mahsud.
(prompt, quick), p-i,
Reaper, s. jLar>- hassdd,
(acute of understanding),
hdsid. A reaping-hook,
fahim.
Ready money,
manjal. See Hook.Reapingtime, -^-->*-. \\^\ ziiMii'/t alhitud.
nakdl. See Money.Ready to
receive, jjJijJ At~aut mustard
See Harvest.
HI tub&l.
A ready answer, Rear, . rearguard, rearward,
REA
833
sdkat al itiskar,
maiokhar al âtkar.
1!EB
Reasonable (endowed with reason),

Jjle âkil. See Rational.
(just, proper, agreeable to reason),
L_^-sli- mundsil, Jj^ majcul,
ij*\y* muivufik, J^S layik, j->\s?
Re-ascend, v.
min jadld. See Ascend.
lieasou (reasoning faculty),
âkl, *fi fuhm, cJljjl idrak,
jayiz.
aL;J>-<i\>jJLn a/ kfurnt al Reasonableness (fitness, propriety),
<LiU layakat, iLl
mudrikat ; (a ground, principle,
cause, motive, argument), c_ -~r~'
(moderation), Jljor-l i^tidul.

Eeasonably (agreeable to reason),
JiinJJ^Jjl
binawîn
iffdsilah, cl-^slj idu*, JJ J

See Cause.(moderation, mode
muteufik lilâkl,
biwajhin niu.lnl.
rate demand), J^Jcxl i^tiddl.
See Right, justice.For this Reasoner, g. vJ^
rn.ubO.liis,
reason, (Jj3j Jj>-!ur mt'n a;7 ja\^t mundsir.
See Account ; for, because. Reasoning, ,v.
mubahasah,
Endowed with reason,
(logical),
zu j_aW (plur.
iiiantil;.
See Reason,
tiuO> See Rational.Consis
logic, argument.
tent with reason, J_jA*< ma^knl. Reasonless, ^^tlj
/<///-.
See Reasonable.With clear
See Unreasonableness.
bi adillatin Re-assemble, P.
reasons,
wddihah. Words or things con
jama<, min jadld.
sistent with reason,
Re-assert, v. (assert again), jji
majeuliit.
tXiJksj-^^ karrar min jadld;
Reason, . (argue rationally),
(claim again),
arnal
bahai,
talab min jadid. See Assert.
mubdhtuah,
Rebel, s. ,<-<>b dtl.
maihwarat. See Discourse, de Rebel, .
êsi,
kdm
bate, discuss, argue, dispute,
tori. See
deliberate, talk, examine.
Mutiny.
834
REC
REC
Receipt (receiving), ^\seT\ ittiRebellion, ijLie lOtawat,

\ittikhaz.
khaz,
wm&l.
tiwyan, iiii fitnat. See Mutiny,
layit al
insurrection.
[also mutinous. Receivable,
Rebellious, ^>\ &<**? See Rebel ; Receive, v. (take), *LuJ tatallam,
Rebound, v. Li not, tijjf Carnal
rannah. See Reverberate, recoil.
Rebound,
in^tkai.
(j^z-
âks,
,,~\ju\
[Build, to repair.
Rebuild, v. fr*j ramram.
See
Rebuke, v. ^j tealbakh. See Chide,

reprimand. Rebuked, ^Cj
; (accept), J.J kebel;

\>
(get, obtain), J-^>- heutal. See
Accept, take, obtain, contain.
(to entertain as a guest),
daf.
Received, 4ye*\* mdkhuz,
maklud. "Well received,
makbul.
\kalid.
Receiver, . jiai-l aakfaz,
muwallakh.
Rebuke, s. * J lawm, ,L malam, Recency, recentness, *)\Jo tartiwat.
^.jiji tawltkh.
See Newness, freshness.
Recal, v. Jj>\p-cr*k_rJJ talab min Recent, xiO^- jadid. See Fresh,
jadld. To recal to life, ^~^
new.(not antique), fj^s^c.
ahya'. See Revive.To recal to
ghayr âttk.
memory. See Recollect.
Recently, JjiXsj-^ min jadtd.
ankar âlayhi. Receptibility, Jci.ûlC! imkan al
Recant, v.
akhz.
See Retract.Recantation, j&>\
Reception,
jo-l akhz, jlirl ittikhai.
inkur. A recantcr,j^ munkir.
Favorable reception, Jj-5 tubul,
âd al
Recapitulate, v.
LU-1 ijalat, \^j rida ; (enter
ma^na'.
tainment), ^jLuJI&Lj diyafat
j tikriir al
Recapitulation,
al mmafir.
See Hospitality,
iâdat
kaldm,
welcome.
natljat al kalam.
Recess, recession (retirement), Jbel~\
Recede, v. uJ^l insaraf, i_. ^~e^
ikhttla ; (departure), JLocî
tajaimul.
See Retire, recoil,
irtiJtd.1. See Secession, retreat.
desist.
A recess (place of retirement),
Receipt, *. (discharge), Jj-; mufti.
khnlwat.
REC
835
Recipe, *. (medical prescription),

., .(k \JLaj wasfat nl hakim.
Recipient. See Receiving, receiver.
Reciprocal, ^^JjLn^j* min attarafin, ^j-jjlsM^ minalj&ntbln.
cLîib* mushtarak. Reciprocally,
lîji^* mushtarikan, J^JJ^LI
*.
nazlr binazlr, l-î g-î ba-idtt-
REC
Reckoner, *. ^_^->Ls'* mulxltib.

Reckoning (computation),
lixiili. dL-ils'* muMsabat.
Reclaim, v. (reform) ^* sallah.
See Correct, tame, re-demand, re
call.
Recline, v. \fj\ ittaku, jc*ujl insanad.
See Repose, rest, lean.
ham la^dan. Reciprocalness, re Recluse, *. JjLs'lc-^^" muhib al

ciprocation, OJ\A.* mitiharakat.
klialwat, u*,+f+. habu.
Recital, jij&i takrlr, <kl=- hikayat, Recognisance, &JJL* ma^rifat.
<bljj riwayat. See Repetition,
Recognise, t). .ijj tazakkar, ^0\^>
rehearsal, enumeration.
1- xit iluk âla'. See Recollect.
Recite, v. ,j^>- haka', jiJsuÂA
Recoil, v. (fall or run back) j-=f^
Carnal takrlr, $3 tutkar. See
\j raji^ lawara. See Recede,
Repeat, rehearse, tell.
rebound ; fail, shrink.
Recited, jj3-+ mukarrar, J^-Li-
Recollect, v. j*^J tazakkar, jf-i-J
mankul.
tafakkar. See Remember.To
Reciter, *. Jjl) nakil, ^^ h&fa,
recollect one's-self (recover reason
jj*t mukarrir, i^yj rawt.
or resolution), <LcL-..ty^jama-^
Beckon, r. >Xc âdd, <_-'L^>-uU^
hctwdiaho ; (to collect again, to
Carnal hi&l. See Number, calcu
gather together what is scattered),
late, count, enumerate.(to es
*-^T jiiMmit-..
[iiinlnzakkiir.
teem), j*"*r\ ij^g jama? iitibar,
*\jia-\<^*. Carnal ihtirSm; (to Recollected (remembered), jj^_
intend), JuoJi l-anud. See Pur Recollection, j^^ tuzukkur, j&&
zikr. See Remembrance, memory.
pose, design.(to depend upon,
trust to), ,ic Juîfi! i^timad ^.ala', Recommence, v. jLJiXjfj^ljLijl
minjadid. Recommenced.
.ÎcJiJ! 'M ..ofo'.
mubtada' MI in
Beckoned (numbered), 0. J*-*
jadid.
836
REG
Recommend, v. (praise) .X* madah,

f; (introduce to favor),
REC
a/', i'U
? mukafah.
icassa' fl ahhad. See Recompose (form anew),

minjadld.
Commend.
Recommendable,
Reconcile, f. ^rLj salah,
mustahik al tawsiyat,
tawa/ musalahah ; (to make any
mtthtaram, * mukarram. See
thing consistent), sallah, *Lf
Commendable.
Recommendation, <J-.*tj_i J sukr
JU'/Jttvj iJVj*/ti^^ ^ i
IvlWy
See Praise, commendation.(in

troduction to favor or service),
!L-ej> tawsiyat. A letter of re
commendation, iLj-^jJtjy. \ +
maktub tawsiyat.
Recommended, _ .-\," mamdah. See
Praised.(introduced to favor or
service), <*J .^y* muwassd lihi.
L_^-ili^ iOmalaho munasib, dLt>c

îl^ âmalaho mutcafik.
Reconcileable (capable of reconcilia
tion), {HlJAS kabil al sidh,
d Id
tnusdlahat ; (consistent), (J-*\
muwajik, t-^-jU^* munasib, ^
Reconcileableness,
imkan al musalahat.
See Consistency.
Reconciler, . ^l^n m\udlih,j\*M*~i

Recommender, J\* mddih. See
samsdr. See Mediator.
Commender.(to favor), ^fy*
Reconciliation,
reconcilement,
muwassl.
<Lk.Li< musdlahat, ^* svlh.
Recompense, s. jpA ajr, \j>- jata,
Recondite, ^1*< mvghlak, ^*i**
ilslC* mukafah, X\ju?* mujaiat.
mushkil. See Obscure, occult.
See Reward.
Reconquer, v. ^jl^Jo J^-^
Recompense, v. (reward)
tamallak minjadld âla'.
iULsr* Carnal laho mujuzah,
i\j\CJ Carnal laho mukafah ; (to Reconvene, e>. Jj J^^j*;
minjadid. See Reassemble.
make up by something equivaattuh ladal. See Record, r. îJjJljJ>..J kayyad bil .
lent),
daftar, p J :"/,?;/, _~v- madah.
Repay, requite, compensate.
See Celebrate.
Recompensed, (jr^s" mttjaza'
EEC
837
REC
sayrdn. See Refresh, take diver

Record, s. ^JJ daftar (plur.
sion.
daf&tar). See Eegister.
Recreation, X\^> tanazzuh, ^j^>
Recorded, J-Ji* muJcayyad,
sayrdn, w! In/to. A pleasant
mutazakkar.
place for recreation, ajjii^J^r*
Recover, v. (as anything lost)
hassal. To recover (a sick person),
mahal muntazdh. See Refresh
ment, pleasure, amusement, diver
*_-^" tayyab. To recover health,
^-.lls Wi.
sion.
\_mvghrih.
Recoverable (possible to be regained), Recreative, recreating, ^.1<
U yutahassal, J.-a.-^LUJjU Recrement, recremental. See Dross,
attasil ; (possible to be re
drossy.
covered from sickness), IftxuJ'JjiJ Recriminate, v. .-j taftam.
Recrimination, iU^j' tuhmat.
Jcdbil ashihafd.
Recovered (found), ^*si"r* muhastal.
recriminator, *ftlj tdhim.

Recovered (as a sick person), Recruit, p. _jjJo-\ aite raw/*,
L(^rJ\c^._jLJ Itayim min al
^.,.,6-3 A-ji-1 i-Aaz nafas. See
tnarad.
Strengthen, augment, repair.
Recovery (from sickness), liLi shafd,
To recruit an army, JuJufyCuj. J
is.-* sahhat.
Zaw Laskar jadld. See Levy.
Recount, v. ^-^ haka', ^&-a- Recruit, . (supply), ^V.Ojl izdiydd,
ijbj ziydditt. See Augmenta
<!j_l&- haka' hikiiyat,j*o- lehablar.
See Relate.-(count again),
Jo J^^L- "' Aggai minjadid.
tion, addition.A recruit for the

army, Sj^JkP-^LkCiiu! lammat
âsdkir jadidah.
Recourse, <Us>-l^ murajaât. See
Return. (application for help or Rectangular, JLjj\^\*> 5 : î
protection), l^srUl 7<ya, jliiwl
mustaklm azzdwiyah.
Rectifiable, -.Le^JjLj iaW a/
ittindd. See Refuge.
Recreate, v. jj naxtah. See De
light, gratify, revive. To re
create one's-self,
ij tanas&dh,
u/uA, ^sr^lj^-iL-*** muinkin
attashlh.
i-> tafarraj, Rectification, i
tashlh, Jj JXJ
arnal
RED
838
Rectify, v. * tallah, Jlc ttddal,

^sf sahhah.
Rectified, ** mueallah, **"
musahhah.
Rectilinear, ,.-,;, ,c -..injaa-jj su

khattin mmtakim.
Rectitude (uprightness), ^La salah,
L >\,.*< miii'uli, tvlii~ji istikamat.
RED
ledeemed, ,_cJkiir* munfadi, ^JiiL*
muftadi. See Free.
Redeemer, *. kXfii wuwijss, ^fjU
fadl, ^J-sr* mukhattat. Our

Redeemer (the Messiah), Uj^li
^.uu^!^ fadlna al maiflh.
^
Re-deliver, . JjJkS^-jj^**-j sallam
minjadid. See Restore, repay.
Re dcmntifl r Ai\"tap *~<^*~-^ tnw1
Rector. See Ruler, governor.

Recumbency, l5l itfikS. See Re
min jadld.
pose.Recumbent, -*?*" mud- Redemption, tjJ.^(te, ^^ iAaJd*.
Red-hot, Ûll^Jiî^-^.Ja^ heutid
daji^. See Lying, reclining.
ahmar misl annar.
Recur, v. (have recourse to),
Redlead,
cAyJ^-> salakun. See Lead.
f-&-\j raja^, ^l\i-2cul iltaja'
ila'. See Return, take refuge. Redness, */- humrat, jl*>- hamSr.
To recur to the mind, ij^*- Redouble, r. (to double twice),
i__icLs daâf. See,Double.
dllj khatarfl bdlihi. See Occur.
Red j*a*.\ ahmar (fern. \^~ hamrti, Redoubled, i_icLi mudaâf. See
Doubled.(often repeated), JjL*
pi. j*2*- humr).
mukarrar.
[Fortification.
Redden, t>. (make red), ^*- hammar; (to grow red),^-\ ihmar. Redoubt, *. ^ " * him. Sea
Reddish, jU^rJ_jU m&yil til Redoubtable, redoubted, t_jysr*
mukhuf, <-r>\$* muhab. See For
hamar.
Redeem, v. ,_.X fada', \j^
midable.
khattai. See Ransom, deliver. Redress (amendment), JLa\ islah,
To redeem a pledge, ^jjîlij^-j
^s^ tashlh. See Reformation.
(relief, remedy), 5U jife/,
fak arrahn. To redeem one'sis-ljt< mu^dlajat. Where is the
self, AMJU tfJj fada' nafsaho.
Redeemable, \^ju\^j\3kCLbilalJldH.
redress? $jLs:;\i_jL. kayf alchflra.
Redeemableness, \Jk*Jli.LU kabiliRedress, v. (amend), * tallnh ; (to
yat alfida.
RED
839
REF
ziyudat, LLil i/ra^. See Super

remedy, relieve), a^W-J^c Carnal
chura.
fluity, exuberance.
Redressed, ^r^* musallah.
Redundant, jjlj =<iyrf, y\j tcd/r,
Redresser, . *r^* mutattih.
j-i^ kaslr. See Exuberant, super
Reduce, v. (bring back), j
fluous,
[kanran.
(to subdue), t__.l^ ghalal,
Redundantly, !JL>\J taydan, \j&
du/'i'f. j kahar ; (to make less, Reduplication, i_Jbul adîf. Re
duplicate, reduplicative, i_cLi
diminish), ,Jlj kallal, â&J nakai.
maddiaf. See Double.
To reduce to nothing, s.\ Oidam.
See Annihilate.To reduce to Re-echo, t>. ^cbj^c tawa/ y&ghi.
order, +aj natam. To reduce to Reed, . <Uâi kasabat. A writing
reed, Jj kalam.
poverty, jj\ afkar, _/JLJ<lLKe
lOmalaho faklr. See Impoverish, Reek. See Smoke, steam, vapour.
make poor.
Reel, . (for yarn), jUb tayyar,
Reduced (brought back to a former
Zîfikujlyat, t_-^- mukdb, Jj*<
state), ^\*â>-j*
kama kan; (subdued),
maghsal.
[kauwaf.
Reel, . (yam), (J^c ghazal,
Re-election, ju
khill min jiiil'nL
maghlub ; (diminished),
mukallal ; (degraded), J
ma^zul. Reduced to poverty, Re-enjoy, v. Jj
jixiLi muftakir.
[yakun.
tasarraf Ml shy minjadld.
Reducible, ^^.îî kdbH an Re-enter, v. Ju Ji^-^ J&.J
Reduction (bringing back), jlc\
i-.Tulitt, _.^>-J tafjifr; (subjuga
tion), i_L^Lj tamalluk, ~*3 fath ;
(diminution), >_ a_. .,Sr takhfif,
^jOtJc^ tanku, rjuaj' tasghlr ;
(degradation), J^c caz/. Reduc
tion to slavery, j;VipJ ittirkuk,
See Captivity.
Redundance, redundancy,
minjadld. See Enter.

Re-examine, . k
fahas minjadld.
Refer, v. (to have relation),
^J\ intawb ila'. To refer (for
information, decision, etc.), ,So
takar, J^li.^ (M/iflr ?'. To
refer to arbitration,
fawwad al amr ila'.
.
REF
840
Referee, referendary, . J-j wakil.
REF
sider attentively), ^^'Ij taammal,
Sec Arbiter, mediator.A report
JlsJ' tafakkar. See Consider, medi

of state affairs presented to the
tate.(to throw reproach), !
king by referendaries, y~ -
lam. See Censure, reproach,
talkhli.
accuse.
Reference (relation, analogy),
Reflected (thrown back), j_/uJoc-
niibat, c
munâkit. Reflected on (con
intigal; (to another for anything),
sidered), ^JLiX* mvtafakkir,
<_.' ^*-i tafwld.
J..; . mutaammil; (censured),

Refine, v. (purify),
Aytj^t HI i * -ill fi. lit.
Icarrar. See Rack off.(to make Reflection (throwing or bending
back), . ^ ( '^ inîkds. Re
elegant), <__j^ljiuLf âmalaho
tartf, k_i.y<d^ âmalaho latlf.
See Polish.(to become elegant),
cJJJjfejLs tar sarlf.
Refined (purified), ^*z* musaffa' ;
(elegant, nice), i_ujic zarif((em.
Xaj^lj zarlfat), t_o.Vil latlf (fern.
a ,.Lli! latlfat); (subtile), j-J;
raflt.
Refinement (from dross, etc.), &Jt*aj
tasfiyah ; (elegance), Oj>\Jb tarafat,
^y latafat; (subtilty), Acljj
flection
annur.
mirror,
flection
of light, jîllj^^fîlc ôi

The reflection from a
m\*ju\ in-îkas. Re
(meditation), jj<*L_j
taammul, ,-\ s3 tafakknr, .^J'

tasawwur. See Thought. Re
flection (censure), <L*L nwlamat,
J ziititM. See Blame.
Reflective, reflecting, reflector,
jjyyjoc wMc.(iiw ; (considering),
J-;L. mutaammil, jJc*v mutarafaât.

fakkvr.
Refiner, s. (from dross, lees, etc.), Reflex (directed backwards), I
mutaffl; (a subtile rea- Reflexibility,
soner),
mudakkik.
a/ c. /-,., (
kabdtyat
ramram, *jra.mmai.
Refit, t>.
nl inîkas
See Repair.
Rcflexible,
kabil al
Reflect, P. (throw back),
rod,
tabs, i^.v
al
inikas.
! inâkat. To reflect (con
REF
841
REF
Reflourish, v.
zahJuir Refrangibility,
tnlcisdr
minjadid. See Flourish.
<w# sAa^d^. Refrangible,
Reflow, . (flow back),
i_j^2f!l! iai7 a? inhiraf. See
ûd ila' wara.
Refraction, etc.
Reflux (of the sea),
:>- jazr Refresh, . (after pain or labor),
_'^s-j' istarah. See Recreate.
al bahr. The flux and reflux of
(to refrigerate), ^ barrad. Sec
the tide, ^s\^^\ al mad wal
^_
jatr.
_
[correct, improve.
Reform, v. J** lattah. See Amend,
Reform, reformation, JL~a\ islah,
evLaj tasllh.
Reformed, ^r^* musallah.
Reformer, a.M
f*^* musollih.
Refract, v. (break the natural
course of rays), j^Jl^Jlc -.
annur. Refraction,
Refracted,
majcus.
Refractive,
y kuwat al âks.
Refractoriness, jLc înad, ijuU^
muânadat, <^tJ' tamarrud. See
Obstinacy.
Refractory, ^4, .:. , * mutamarrid,
Jult* mittanid. See Obstinate.
To be refractory, J/>-J tamarrad.
\armakd.
Refragablo, uaLJi\(.jLi mumkin
iitiintiti. 1,1,1,
Refrain, v.
" >!
ijtanab
I ihtaraz min.
Cool.(to repair), *^ rammam.

Sec Retouch.
Refreshed, f^ji^^t mttstarih. See
Recreated.(cooled), J^* OTMbarrad.
[mubarrad.
Refresher, s. f^r* murayyih, j~+
Refreshment, <t*-l^ raha ; (food),
,*L*S3 ta^dm. See Recreation,
food, rest.
Refreshing, refrigerent (cooling),
J^ mubarrid.
Refrigerate, v. Jj barrad. See Cool.
Refuge (or place of refuge),
malja, jiL maids. The refuge
of the world, JUllLs^ malja al
iillimt. The refuge of the poor,
\fa11oL malaz al fukara.
[Eastern titles]. To take refuge,
^J\^slA\ iltaja' ila'. To give
refuge, Is^j^^jkcl a^ta' malja.
See Shelter.
Refugee, .
mvltajl.
min, Refulgence, Lj diya, ya daw. See

Splendor.Refulgent,
EEG
nau>mir.
842
See Bright, glittering,
splendid.
Refund, v. {->-) rajja^, 01 wafa'.
REG
See Look.(to have a relation
to), Jlu-^Jul <sai fZa'. To
regard one's promise, aju^tj^

wafa wa-^daho.
See Repay, restore.
Refusal, jlxi! inkar, c-/ tm- Regard (respect, reverence, affec
tion), / Xj tatrlm,j\î\ i^tibdr,
<tna. See Rejection, denial,
A\J ,"., --\ MirCim ; (attention),
repulse.
<doa~L* mvlahazat; (reference,
ia',
imtana
Refuse, v.
relation),
<L~~olx* mundiabat ;
See Deny, reject, repulse.To
(look), .laj nazar, -aj baxar.
refuse to accept, J^Jj^ j_ij^!
ii.'/f'iini-, ;>!'> tabul.
Regardable, fla^-lUllc.-^-^ wn/VS
a/ mulahaiat. See Observable.
Refuse, *. (worst part of anything,
leavings), * \ -^ ' fadlat, tj\Ju Regarded (esteemed)^jb muilabar.
nafuwat. See Dregs, sediment.
Refused, J^JL^c ffhayr makbul,
3*3j* mardud. See Repulsed.
Refuser, s. Jjli^ji ghayr kdbil.
See Observed, noticed, remarked.

Regardful, lo^-^L* muluhiz. See
Attentive, respectful. Regard-
fully, jUi^J^j aifoj uiiJdr.

Refutation, JUa;l Mai, îi) nakd.
See Attentively, respectfully.
Refute, v. <lAcJ; radâlayhi,
Regardless, Jjlc ghafil. See Care
&J all tul kawlaho,
less, inattentive.
Regency (government, authority),
Refuted, (jOy^ mankad.
"_-C^ hukumat, t&>- lu'li'i.
Regain, v. c_ " OLc ^
See Government, authority.Go
See Get, obtain, gain.
vernment by a -viceroy, <uLj
i_j3-*l I niySbat al malik.
Regal,
Regalement. See Refreshment, en Regenerate, . JJk- jaddad. See
tertainment.
Reproduce . Regenerate,
Regality. See Royalty, sovereignty.
Regard, v. (value, esteem) j+s~f\ Regent (governing),
i-.ttlia>- ; (to observe, attend to,
a/'/t. See Viceroy,
remark), jaj natar, kJ l&haz.
lieutenant.
REG
Regicide, s.
malik. Eegicide,
843
REI
tatH al Regulated, i jy* murattab,

manzum.
Regulation, ^^J^ tartib.
Regimen (medical prescription for

diet),
! aldy âskar.
Regiment,
jJo i/r/,
Region,
SL Mind. See Country, land,
district, tract.
Register, . .iiJ da/tar (plur.î'liJ
dafatir). Toregister,îijJbiXx>
kayyitd HI daftar. See Record.
Regrant, 2. Jod^^,-^* manah
See
Arrangement, method.
Regulator, *-^y murattib,
ndzim.
Rehearsal, J^J' teirzr, ijlel iâdat.
See Repetition, recital.
Rehearse, . j~j& kwrar,
See Repeat, relate.
Rehearsed, jj" mukarrar.
Reject, v. Jj raid, û naf<. See
Refuse.
[ J^J^ manul.
Rejected, J^JL^-i ^rAayr maklul,
min jadld.
Regret, i_a~)*Lj taassaf, ^-MJ>- Rejection, j rod.
haxrat, *i ffham. See Sorrow, Reign, v. (exercise sovereign autho
anguish, grief, vexation, lamenta
rity), > ^ hakam,
tion, repentance.
tamattak.
taassaf âla'. Reign (sovereignty),
Regret, D.
o, mutaassaf Reimburse,
Regretted,
âlayhi.
See Pay, repay.
[reparation.
muwajik Reimbursement. See Repayment,
Regular,
al kaîdah,
Re-impregnate, v. >XjJk?-(j^(J^s>\Ji idwunt.
habbal mm Jadld.
intizHm,
Regularity, ^
tartib.
Without regularity, Rein (of a bridle), *\f lijam (pi.
i_~J
lujm). See Bridle, halter.
, ~ jj'ib. />// tartib.
Regularly, ^yLiJIî^
Rein, v. J lajam. See Bridle.
litiawîn muwafik al kattuu,
Reinforce, v. (give additional
strength), >^Ji!! jlj ~iid al kuwat,
Regulate, . *liJ nazzam,
ratiab.
See Adjust, arrange,
order, direct.
To reinforce an army,
tad al -.usakir.
844
EEL
EEL
bj ziy&dat
isdiyad al
hikayah>jr- khabar (plur.

akhbar). According to the
foregoing relation, ^jyaj'c_^-*=sT
Eejoice, v. (be glad).

.MJ\ intar, ku*Jl inbasat,
inhaz. See Exult.(to make
glad), -~j farrah. See Exhila
rate, gladden.To rejoice at
another's misfortune, ^ci-^-i
. C_v.*_M J ha-iab attakrlr al

mazkur. Eelation (reference, re
gard, respect), <LJic âlukah,
c_>L<iJ\ intisal. Eelation, re
lationship (kindred), Oj\j> kar&lat,
,_....; natab. A relation, rela
jir>-\ shemetfl ahhad.

Eejoiced, j)j^* masrur. See Glad.
tive (kinsman), i_^-JjJ> Jcarlb ;

(kinswoman), <L>y karilat. Re
lation of two women marrying
two brothers, <uLo silfat (plur.
Ecinforcement, a.
d kawat,
Eejoicing, . \s\~~J\ inbuilt,

bahjat.
Eejoin, v. (to meet again), n
CjlftLrf silfdt).
jjA^- to/ta' minjadld; (to reply), Eelative, <_>*u^ mamub, u- .n'".'.>
<_rL_s>-5>j radd jawal.
See
mvntasab. A relative pronoun,
j\ tm mJAofft. Relatively,
Answer.
..i nisbatan, L^\i bil niibat.
Eeiterate, v, jj> karrwr.
See
Eelativeness, L->L^
See Eelation.
tikr&r.
Ee-judge, v. JaAs--^*^*- hakam Eelax, . (slacken, make less tense),
min jadld.
See Re-examine,
j&\ atlak. See Loose, open.
[min jadid. Eelaxation (slackness, looseness),
review.
jL_W itlak; (cessation from
Ee-kindle, .
labor),
A>-\j rahat. See Rest,
*&' See
Eelate, v. (recite),
recess. Relaxation of mind,
Tell.
JU\i>-!. rdhat al b&l. See
muhlca' ;
Eelated (told),
Recreation.Relaxation of care
(connected by blood), >_,<.;'"'
or
attention, JLx_i^'^-as_i\
natlb. See Eelative.
inkitat al ashghal, JUfcl ihmal.
Eelator, ,/^>- *<** 8e Narrator.
*"
See Indolence.
Relation (narrative), <Uu ktssah,
Eepeat.Eeiteration,
j\j^'
845
RET-
Relaxed (loosened), ^/^"j^ mur~

takhl. Relaxed in constitution,
mustarkhl, J\j fatir.
REL
n<i;ad.
See Help, support,
succour, release.(to comfort),
See Languid.Relaxed in moral Relievable (assistable),

or religious principles,
yutasdâd, ijLC.Uu^JlJjlj kdbil al
i__^>_v*II n:<i.xi-. it f mazhab.
iadat ; (consolable), ,J)li
Relay (of horses),
A-dW al tasliyat.
MayI al posta.
Believed (assisted), JifLu^* mw&âd;
Release, r. (from confinement),
(comforted), ^*~+ mutasalli.
Jî\ atlak. See Free.
Reliever, . (assistant),
Release (from confinement),
musa^td ; (a comforter),
khalas,
musalll.
i,ii,i al halt. A release from Relight, v. (light anew),
debt, \ji\ ibrd. See Discharge,
Jj As- thaâl in, in jadld.
receipt.
Religion, ^J din, ^l*-^
Relent, v. (grow tender or com
The Christian religion,
passionate), **-jraham, (AcJ^Li>
(_2SU,Î1 a<Wzn ai maslhi
tinifnl, -^11 Li.
Relentle8S,<U&îdJL* mdlaho shafakat,
<L- -îtXxcL* m&tindaho marha-
mat. See Merciless.

Reliance, ^LcjLkicl i^timad âla',
LJld\ ittak&l tala'.
See
Trust, confidence.
Relief (assistance), O.X madad,
djj(s Hiii.-.ijinii/iif.
See Help,
succour, release.--(comfort),
^larUAuJ tatliyat al kh&tir.
See Consolation. (remedy), _Li
..%.
Relieve, v. (assist),
The
Mahommedan religion,
<?! alislam. The religion of the
Magi, lf*jj?*'\ ^|J rfzw o/ majus.
Observance of religion, *-i^
dayanat. Observant of religion,
T'^L -~~\^ sdhib din. See Re
ligious.Of no religion, ^j
mdlaho din.
Religions,
adyan.
Religions, adj.
J dlnl, - L? .-''/'.
See Pious.A religious man,
Religiously, oîjJC' iiTwZ takwa'.

See Piously, reverently.(PX
37
846
REL
REM
actly, strictly), <LJjJj bikol Rely, . (put trust in),

dikkat.
iil<>in ail âla', AcJ^y tawakkal
tnl<C , .J-cÂ .:.<! iitanad âla'.
Religiousness, &bj daydnat. See
Eeligion, piety.
See Confide, trust.
Relinquish, v. cL^J' tarak,
Remain, p. (continue, tarry), yi^>!
hajar. See Leave, desert, quit,
istakar, (^^Lo aLjn ; (to be left
abandon, forbear, release.
as a remainder), _u iet ; (to
Relinquishment, i^Sji tark.
endure, last), *'j <âm. See
Relinquished, LlJ^j .". < inutnil;
Continue. To remain behind
j^sfr* mahjur.
(especially from fatigue), ^^'^
Relish (agreeable taste or flavor),
taakkar. To remain firm, (Ju
jyj zatek, iijj lizzat; (a slight
UôLi i(:Z-( .S(7/)(Y.
To remain
tasting of victuals, etc.), <UxL>
alone, sâ-jî tarn wahdaho.
ta^mat. See Sip, taste; alto
Remainder, remains,
Jb bdfa
liking, delight, cast, manner.
(plur. LUu lakdyu), ^Lai fadht
Having a fine relish, AJ JJ lu~lz.
(yla.T. <JL fadlaf), See Rest,
Having no relish, j^<dl* malaho
residue.
mazzih.
Remaining, ^b lain.
[jadld.
Relish, v. (give a pleasing taste to
Remake,
JjJ
anything), JJ laz.
Relished (liked),
//.// ; Remand, v. (send back), *_?-.
(agreeable to the palate),
fozzz.
Reluctance, <5_gllsr* mukhalafat,
muânadat,
istikrah, ,_-
-,<
Remark,
muldhasat. See
Observation.A remark or anno
tation, j-ij <o/*?r,
Remark, . (notice),
Carnal muluhazat, li-i! ^d
ikhtiyar. See Aversion, unwil

lingness.To shew a reluctance, Remarkable,
al muldhtaat,
i itakruh.
Reluctant, <Lc^ ill* malaho ruahbat,

malaho khatir.
Averse, unwilling.
See
i^.***.^- ity'ib, jjli nadir,

mashhur.
Remarkably,
See Rare, uncommon.

c _>
REM
847
REM
matfthur; (exceedingly), <LjU-'

takhfif ; (cessation), t_e_jj_J'
bighayat.
tawakkuf.
Remarker, . !a-L mulahiz, J&\j Remit, v. (pardon), jis. ghafar ;
ndzlr.
See Observer. Re(to remit money, etc.), L^,\
marked,
*JbUj arsal darahim. See Send.
malhui.
See
Observed.
Remittance, s. (of money, etc.),
Jl-j\ irsal darahim,
Remediable, -JWIJjlS kdbil al
lilaj.
kambmle.
Remediless, J;U~4!t malaho chara, Remnant, . .j*^' bdkl, <S.Jb bakiyal.
_A<Ot malaho îlaj. See Help
See Remainder.Remnant (<w^'.),
less, irremediable.RemedilessÎj Jdi-z.
ness, _iLjJ!,jLe iadam al -,ilfij.
Remonstrance, . ^J^j' tathakkl.
Remedy, -Jx glaj, IjJ rfowa, Remonstrate, t>. .^tÂtut tathakka'
min.
iffut* mil -jiltjut. See Care,
Remorse, jÂ\j^C nakhz addamlr,
medicine, antidote, reparation.
t__:'L'' taatsaf, Lt^\tji\j kalak
Remedy, v. -irle ^Slaj, i_Sj^J d<lwa\
azzimmat. See Horror, anguish,
Remember, t>. (bear in mind), ^Ju
repentance, pity.
Remorseless, <L!jji!a it'to nadatiuit,
<t*r>-j)b 4z7a rahmat. See Merci
less, crnel.
Remembrance, J>3 zikr. See 5Iemory, memorial.
Remote, JL.*) ioîrf. See Distant.
Remembrancer, s.^j^t muzakkir.
j! abiad.
More remote,
alabâd
Most
remote,
Remind, v.^J fakkar,j*^ zakkar.
ma yakun.
[min ba^ld.
Remiss, Jjlc ghafil, j*\i kasir.
baîdan, A^XJ^<
Remotel}',
See Careless.
tazakk&r. See Commit to me
mory.
Remembered,ji Jv mutatakkar.
j.rf. See Distance.

Remissness, <uii ghaflatyjâi kusur, Remoteness,
J yunltd. See
JUjb! ihmal. See Carelessness. Removeable,
Remission, ~~ âfa, ijSM maghMoveable.
farat, ^j-i-e- ghufran.
See Removal, remove (changing one's
intikdl; (depar(Pardon. (abatement),
abode),
REN
848
ing from a place), Jj^r^ iftirak,

jLi safar. See Departure.
Removal from office, <Jj â~lRemove, v. (go from one place to
another), JJBJ\ intakal; (depart
from a place), ^sL) sdfar. See
Depart (to move any thing
from its place or to a distance),
BEN
(to translate), &-J> tarjam. See
Interpret.(to yield, give up),
L) sallam. See Surrender.
(to make), J*e Carnal. To ren
amalaho
der necessary,
âmalaho muhim,
lazim,
amalaho dururi ',

v_
(to give), ^>.\ a^ta'.
Jjii tiakal. See Move.

Rendezvous, s. <J-**j|
Removed, J_" '-* muntakil. Re
mahall ijtima^ aljamîyat,
moved from office, Jjj*" mapul.
J^JM mateda^ ma^had. See
Remover, . (of any thing), JiU
Assembly, meeting. The ren
nakil; (a remover of himself),
dezvous of an army, cUis^lj^s"
Jx-x. muntakil.
jsMjA\ mahal ijtima^ al âsaktr.
Remount, v. (on horseback) t-^
The place of rendezvous,
Jo Jj*-^ rakib minjadid.
majrna^.
Remunerate, v. i^j^r j5-**- See Rendezvous, v. <UÛ
Reward.
As^ ro^Jo robot ma^Jto an yalRencounter(clash,collision),<tjLi<
taki ma^ho fi falan mahal.
musadamat ; (an accidental meet
Renegade, Jw^ mttrtad. See
ing), .SljlL* mukabalat, 6$s
Apostate, deserter.
Muwajahat. See Encounter.
Renew, v. (renovate) jis>- jaddad.
Rencounter, v. (clash) \y*
To renew friendship, Jj J^fJ-kfi
tatadamu ; (to meet unexpect
<C*s**\ tamal tajdld al muhabbat.
edly), lJjL~2_j tasadafu. See
To renew (repeat), jU âd.
Encounter, skirmish.
Renewable, OAsJU yatajaddad, JÛ
Rend, . ^j>- khazak, Jî
/taJt7 attajdid.
See Tear, lacerate.
[Tearer.
. See Rpamukhazzak. See Renewal, Jo
Render, *. v
ration, repetition.
rod,
Render, .
Return, restore, repay. Renewed, JJus'* mujaddad.
REN
849
REP
Jlennet (for curdling milk),
Renunciation, ^/a-Jj ro/rf, ,v

matr.
[new, etc.
inkur ; (of the world), Lj jJIC.
Renovate, renovation, v. See Relark addunya.
[minjadld.
Renounce, v.j^j nakar, âjj rafad, Repaid, AjJc*-^ j_sAjl indafa^
vlj tardL See Disown.To Repair, . *^^J J-*^ Carnal tarmlm,
renounce all right to anything,
ramram. See Mend, amend.
rafad hukukaho. Repair, reparation (supplying the
loss, mending), **/ tarmlm,
z^
matrtik, ^j>fr* marfud.
jz*-J ta^mlr. Reparation
Renown, ^~^â sit, j\gj*\ ishtihur.
(amends), ô^c âwad, ^
See Glory.
iadmin, iljLC* mukafah,
Renowned,j^^t mashhur, c~s-- Us
jazd. See Retribution, compen
,<Vir..wi Kiiliih ism âzlrn. See
sation.
Repaired,
t>j+j* muramram.
Glorious, illustrious.
Rent, . (fissure, break) ^î shikk. Repairer, . (of houses, etc.)
See Gap, chasm, laceration.
Rent (income, revenue), Jî-.x* Reparable, *A.Ld I Jj U kulilattasllh,
madkhal, Jôs"* mahsul. An
mumkin attarmlm.
nual rent, jjjj^ mad Reparation. See Repair.
k/ml sanawl. Rent paid for any Repartee, *. ^La-t
thing held of another, \ ktrd,
jL>-\ ajar.
Rent, v. (let to a tenant)^>-l ajar;
(to hold by paying rent), .^-liJ
ittajar.
Rentable, ijf^J yunkarl.
Rental, rent-roll, cJLJl^JJ daftar
al amlak.
Renter, *. eJSLlL_-^
Rent-free,
mulk
rasm.
Repass, v.
Repast, g. ..
Repay, v. Ju
dafa-^min
jadld. See Pay, recompense,
reward.
[See Payment.
Repayment, JLj' jiJ rfo/V
Repeal, v. Jiu
Repeal, s. JlLul 4<(i/.
matuukh.
Repealed,
REP
850
REP
Repining, . îi kahr, j&>- htur,

lepeat, v. (speak again)
*-: yIi it ni. See Qrief, regret,
reje^ takallam ; (do again or
vexation.Repining,
-.'.// _;j(
several times), J^jlfi %ad Carnal,
i^f^Tj rqt%_ t0"'"^ Repeated
makhur, j)-*"*'* mahsur,
(done or said often), jj^t mumaghmum.
karrir.
Replace, v. i^j^ âwtcad,
Llepeatedly, jl^\<S_L*j>- jumlat
rajja^. See Substitute.
amr&r. See Often.
Replaced,
Repel, v. 5j mild. *_ J dafa^. See
Repulse.
Repelled,
i .__;_\_..
Replant, r. i_-~ojolc cdd nasab,

AlA'!*-,.t-"L ^'* naeab minjadtd.
madfa^.
See Repulsed.-A
.. . iy
^
repeller, Jl
Replenish, . ,jA^ malla', ,--c
Repent, c. .\_x_; tanaddam, /*Jj
âbba'. See Fill, stock.
nadem, <_>to /.:/. .,..L\.;^'.^ ;<
Replenished, replete,
naddmat, Zjji^t Carnal tawbai.
Repletion, )L*1 imtild,
takhRepentance, <U_j-J tatcbat,
mat. See Indigestion.
naddmat. See Penitence. Re Reply, replication, s-'V jatodb.
gret and repentance, H*\ jjjiy*o-.
See Answer.Replied,
fiaerat wa nadumat. Repentant,
mujawab.
J'..; nadim, *-.-oti tdyib. Re Reply, c. -_,'1^-^jkcl aita' jatedb,
pentant with all his heart, 1^.lj
i^J\jffiij radjawab.
i'sjjji r ////// ffltn &>/ kalbihi. Replier, *. _>jla?* muj&vnb.
See Penitent.
[Rebound. Repolish, ;. Ji_JJks>-cr*JJu
minjadtd.
Repercussion, (julxj! incites. See
Report,
*. (rumor of news),
Repetition,jô tikr&r,jjj^3 takrlr,
j?- ishaât khabar. See Rumor.
jfjlcl Uiiilitl.
Repine, . ^jJLJl inkahar, /-*J^
ingham, jasC\ inJiasar, tfj^.
ghdr mm, ^\.>- hasad, >JLJiJ
takamkam.
Repiner, . See Murmurer.
(public character), ^---r At.

See Reputation.A report (or
account returned by those to
whom anything is referred), tjye
JlLl sVrat al hal, ua^-! tat-
851
REP
REP
khu. To make a report (especially
Blame, reproach, reprove, cen

of state affairs to the king), etc.,
sure, chide.
JlkJjjêJ^ê iit/nal gurat al Reprehended, *j_-Jk< mazmum,
*L* mulam.
k&l.
Report, v. j.-\3.\ a^ta' khabar. Reprehensible,
/ mulam,
Sec Tell, relate, rumor.
al
Ian:in.
Reported, jj-* mukarrar. See
Related.
[Relater, reciter. Reprehensibly, *
Reporter, s. j+s-" mukhallir.
See
mustahik
icamuldm.
Reprehension, <t<il* muldmat,

Repose, v. (rest), j-)/->l isfarah;
(sleep), jLj ni'mi. To repose
mu-,fitn'baf, ^-y tawllkh,
confidence, ^^LeJc^^-el idamad

ia^zlr. See Censure, blame, re
proof.
See Confide.(to intrust), LReprehensive, ^l^c ^liaii.
halt, amanat, lUuJteJj
Represent, . (exhibit), Îsl zA<w,
icndi-.al. See Trust.
-,a.-w\ ahdar. See Show.To
Repose (rest), cij*-^ rfibit; (sleep),
represent (by painting, delinea
,*^_} natcm. See Sleep, rest,
tion, imitation, etc.), j y J-f
quiet.
Reposed (at rest),
c.W/ <a^5r, JuJjuJ^ c.,-;-'i'
,^r^M.-t mustarik; (asleep), *)\J
takluL See Paint, describe.
tafe', ^JSy tawakkal ^tla\
xayim.
Rcposit, v.
amanat, c. J mw/ii-..
lay in, deposit.
wilda-.
See Store,
To represent (by petition, etc.),

ûîll iltamas, \j>j %arad. To
represent on a theatre, b Ju^j^J^_aZ l-oiiti'diti. To represent
Reposited, A_il_^
(act as the representative of

another), ^J^y tawdkkal j.a.
Repository, . ^Jsr makhtan, Representation (image, form),
iDnfiiiiit, -_;--
ri-,.
ijje- khazinat.
Reprehend,*. ^^Lc <_.".!' âtdbâla',
lam,
.17. wablaich.
See
See Likeness.-(a memorial),

ârd, j
REP
852
REP
mairud. See Petition. Reprimand, v. fa wabbakh. See

Reprehend, rebuke.
[intik&m.
(exhibition), jl$k\ izhar. The
Reprisal, ij*f âwad,
atrical representation,
takftd. Representation of the Reproach, t>. /iL<S-iiJ-* Carnal
person of another, ilKj toakalat.
Representation as in a mirror,
tcabbakk.
To re
IJH&C. taks, ^\xj\ iniikas.

Representative (exhibiting a simili
tude), Jjtw* mumaiil. A repre
sentative (of another person),
proach one another,

tat&taba.
Reproach, . (censure),
mulamat, (_>l
_ji_*i
malam,
>-
L^J tcakil (plur. Kj wukala). A

representative vested with full
powers, .Jr
tb J w^fal mutlak.
; (infamy), <
See Shame.
Reproachable, t*
wajib
To appoint a representative, ,_)AC
musal mulamat,
^\_n_( iamal walcil. A repre
tahik al Imam.
sentative (similitude or symbol
mazmum.
Reproached, (>y*
of anything), L\& âlamat.
Reproachfully (opprobriously),
Representer, *. (one who shows or
iL bikol mulamat ; (shame
exhibits),^li* tmtzhir.
fully), le.k_-~ej bikol
Repress, v. (check), k^ dalat, Sajj
tcaâr
,'t'liitl, m-^ mana^. See Restrain, Reprobate, v. i^s-jL\ ankar âlayhi,
crush.
Repressed,
rafad talalaho. See
madbut. Repression,
Rejeot-^Reprobate, ^jii shaki.
man^. Repressive, j-il
See Wicked.A reprobate, jS?\i
f&jir. See Profligate.
Reprieve, *. (delay of punishment), Reprobated,
marfud. See
imfial
Rejected.Reprobateness, repro
bation. See Wickedness.
J ttikhir al %
Reprieve, v.
atta^tib.
amhal Reproof, /^! latcm.

Reprove, >. t . 1 rw.^".c
REP
853
wabbakhaho. See
REQ
reluctance), /Jw 4'Ao^ karah,
lio karahan, \*ajjJu bighayr

Reprehend, reproach.
rida.
Reptile, s. Ji^k- hasharat (plur.
LZJ]J*- hashardt). The reptiles Repulse, *. j_j J da/t, tls Jol indifdi.
To meet with a repulse, j^^jjul
of the earth, ^joji\*\j& hawUm
indifash. See To be repulsed.
al ard.
Repulse,
(îjJ dafash, j_J <fo/a.'
Republic, j^^T jimhur (plur.
/.lj> kawam. See Repel.
..JSiLj>- jamahlr}.
Repulsed, J_yJy- mardud, c ,.-_v.
Repudiate, etc., v. ^sli? tattak. See
.To be repulsed, ^jjul
Divorce, reject.
iii<l<'f<i'V See To meet with a
Repugnance (contrariety), Illi-*
repulse.
mukhdlafat. See Inconsistency.
Repulsion, ^sJ rf/
(reluctance), JlJ taâllal,
faât. See Repulse.
s3J\jts* mu^dnadat, i^..L~ miikaRepulsive, repelling,
i' Hutu I ; (aversion), d-i<.' lughdat.
The repelling power, i
Repugnant (contrary),
alkuwat addilfiât.
{.ishtarah.
mukhdlif, jt\JL* mughayir,
Repurchase, v. t,\jm-.m>\â?j raji^
mundkid, 3^* MM/JO/!. See In
Reputable, ^yc muttalar. See
consistent.(reluctant), <xJl**
Honorable, creditable, honest.
imiLiniiii, >v..v r. '.{in/if : (averse),
Reputably,jLielj$j bikoli^tilar.
i Xu miutakrah. Repugnant
Reputation, repute, >^.-~f sit, ~>\
to humanity, ij^JljL^ munu.fi
ism, <Jjt*-j sumât. See Credit,
al murHwat. Repugnant to na
honor.
ture, <U.Vill^.ilfc< mughayir atta- Repute, . i_-~- hitsali, A-; =.i(i(,
bi-.it!. To be repugnant (con^ ;c,v. See Consider, reckon.
trary), k_aJli^;L sdr mukh&lif; Request, . (entreaty, petition),
(to be averse or reluctant),
ittakrah.
'Repugnantly (contrarily), ^
j\x* biwajhin mugh&yir,
i'* . likol mukhdlafat ; (with
./(/. (jjjU...H iltimus,

i'i. l^- . />?//!.
In
request (in greatdemand),^)^!^

mutlub. Anything greatly in re
quest, ' J..^ .__'..Ui //,('//<>/' //;/: .
854
REQ
RES
taiteid.
Request, v. yOjC- %arad,
See Retaliation, com
pensation, retribution.
Carnal
Requite,
v. a.Jx^jl-* ^mewad
See Peti
talayhi. See Repay, retaliate,
tion, beg, entreat. Requested,
mvltamas, etc. A. re
reward.
valient,
quester. See Petitioner.Your Reremouse, *.
tayr
al
layl.
See
Bat.
Excellency is requested to give
kciddam iltimus,
the necessary orders,
Rescript (royal edict), jy^~t wshur, i*Jutt\x>- Vhatt sharif.
iar;u iw sa^ddatilcum an tas- Rescue (from confinement or danger)

diru al awHmir al Uiimah.
IchaMat,
atlak,
Requirable, i^MJ>\(-^
attaint.
Rescue, . U
Require, v. c_JAs lalal,
Rescued,
iktida' Mo. See Demand, re
min al habs.
quest.As occasion may require, Research,
tafttsh. See
Uaii^k_^*MS- hasab al iktidu.
Inquiry, search.
Required, L.jjbt matlub,
Research, v. (JM^J fattash,
muJctadl. See Requested.
,1* V--QJ Carnal taftish. See Search,
Requisite, i/jy_/* rfwr"rt f
examine, inquire.
5a
mm
Requisite, s. <L^<to-l?- hajat mu- Resemblance,

himmat, ÔAJ\ amr muMadi.
surat (plur. jye svtoar).
See
<*-~**-\j wujil. See Necessary.

M 41
Resell, v.
Similitude, likeness.
dururatan, Resemble (be like), <tjli
Requisitely,
(to compare), <C-i> sJtabbah,
. ,-^b 4*7 dururat. See Neces
-t.-j-.-'o Carnal tashbih.
[Like.
sarily.
Resembling, <tjLX muthabik. See
dururat.
Requisiteness,
Resent, v. ^VcJ^J-ai kmad al
majuzuh,
Requital,
See Necessary, necessaries.
intikam,
RES
855
RES
Resentful, <-->yaf ghadtib. See

of residence, ^jtj watan (plur.
Angry, choleric.
^LLjl aw<a), j*UL malcam,
Resentingly, ^.I^^M bighadabin.
^-CaL< Mtmhi.n. See Abode,
Resentment, U ~',^(t fikr al
habitation, dwelling, country.
intikam, k - r ghayz, u_^-J_i Resident, ^L; un, *-t< muk'm,.
yhadab. See Anger, indignation.
resident, ^j-^
Reservation, reserve (retaining,
See Envoy, agent, am
withholding), lib! ibku, V-r- !
bassador.
tstibka ; (concealment of some Residuary, residual, (Jb 4dil. A
residue, ij&i bakwat. See Rest,
thing in the mind), \i_j riya;
(exception, condition), Sjî short,
remainder.
See Stipulation. (caution or Resign, v. (give up, quit), tl^J
modesty of behavour),
tarak.
To resign an office,
aloj! intibah.
lir^jjLje~j\ ista^fa' min. To
Reserve, v. (keep back), (Jbl
resign one's-self to providence,
Eeserved (kept back),
ÎM^J^jj tawakM %M allah.
Reserved (modest, silent, not im
See Submit, yield.
pudent), u^L> Kfikit,
y/</< attabc..
c
Reservedly (modestly),
<-_>jl_j A//-O/ hiahawt wa adab.
Resignation (of office, etc.), cl/p

tark, \suc~i\ iitiifd.; (submission
to providence), ^|Ju>o tatllm
ila'. See Submission.Resigned
Reservedness (modesty), <_>j'

(to providence), {\s.{^f^t muta^,lij wakar ; (sullenness),
wakkil <âla\ See Submissive.
taklat.
[hated. Resin, .jf^ylj rating,
Reservoir, v. (of water),
samgh aanawbar.
Reset, v. (a broken bone),
Resist, v. Jlj d<lfa-v 7
,IJ*A*\ jttlibar al lazm al maksur.
*jlj kfiwiHii. See Oppose, re
Reside, v. ^jL* sakan, îii X-///,
pulse.
/\Ji! rti(ii. See Dwell, inhabit; Resistance, <vjLJL Mttkuwamat,
UJU. i>iumuna',at,
to subside.
Residence,
ikamat. A place
See Opposition.
RES
856
RES
Resolute (constant to a resolution),

ci-olj dJ^. See Firm, steady,
rnadfa.^. See Repulsed. [/?<.
constant.(bold), jy^- j<uur.
Resistibility, ioljJ'.iy i-iwa< arfrfdResistible, ,..U^ yutakateam.
See Brave.
bilol
Resolvable, resoluble (capable of Resolutely, C
jasdrat wa sabat. See Courage
being dissolved), jiJ Jjli Aait7
ously.
/ Aa/; (capable of being ex
plained), ûJbjl^jLfc* mumkin Resolution, resoluteness (boldness),
joitirat, **}^ jaraat.
attafilr.
Resolve, v. (detennine), -A-a/ kasad,
Resolution (fixed purpose), ^_'
natca'. See Purpose.(to
talat, L--J.J niyat, JuoJ katd.
dissolve), J^- hal. See Melt. Resort, v. (frequent),
(to analyse), Jj- A<t/; (to in
laftt
rah wa ajd luand,
form, resolve a doubt),
i'l./it' . See To have recourse.
rafaâihshubha. A resolve. See Resort (concourse), ttcj>-l ijtimdi.
Resolution.
See Assembly, meeting ; Tisit,
Resolved (determined, steady),L^-O 15
resource.
sdi'<. See Resolute.(melted), Resound, v. (sound, echo), tij^f
Resisted, ^-y mardud,
i mvhi/tul/it. See Dissolved,
Carnal rannih, L.JJ\&- jOwab, ^
(analyzed), ,J)j*" mafruk; (ex

^îli iHH/itl yaghi.
[rannih.
plained), ju*L* mufatsar. Re Resounding, part. <GjJ*le tdmi7
solved upon, +*-a* mutammam, Resource (fund), ,3^1 asl. See
dyaSL* maJtsnd. Resolvedly (with
Source.(remedy), -,lc îldj.
i bikoltalrin Re-sow, p. JoAP-j^tjJ -cm-, min
wakar&r. See Resolutely.Rejadid.
solvedness. See Resolution.
Resolvent, resolutive,
Respect, r. j-^\
Liahar, pj^*-\
ihtaram, j\*ic.\ fjf Carnal i^tibar,

arnal ihtirilm.
Resolver, . (one that determines), R*?pect, \J>\ ikram, Ûicl i^tibar,

/î*-l Mirum. See Attention,
; (a dissolver),
muhaUil.
regard, honor, reverence ; d&o
857
11ES
consideration,
motive. (refer
ence, relation),
nitbat.
i'JlU
âlakak,
nitbat, . <L=
j sukun.
motion),
Rest and
motion, i
huniknt.
In respect of,
nisbatan,
RES
To give rest, *s"1;
rayyah.
Rest, . (remainder), ,Jli Jd^J. See
mu^taoar,
attaknm.
Residue, remains.And so with

regard to the rest, 1 JJS^Lcj^^^
wukui âla1 ha*a.
mukarram,
See Honored.
Rest, s. (support on which anything
Respectful, <-_'_V mu-addab
leans), J>^_> sanad, A.'.^ 1/i/n.nt't!.
Respectfully, *Ki-
See Prop, pillar, support.
takrlm wa ihtirdm.
Rest, 0. (be at quiet), j-|/~=l istaruh ;
Respective (particular),
' (to sleep), |*U >iiiin; (to lean
makhius ;
(relative),
upon), ,^6^1 ittake, âla,',

iatit n nil.
mutts iili.
To rest satisfied,
Respectively (particularly),
khususan, <LwuJ nisbatan.

Relatively.
See
Respiration, jj-*fiij' tanuffus.
Rested (reposed), _'j r murtHh.

Restitution, ^frji tarjl^.
Restive, Jjut* muânid, -.V+j_.
Respire, . (breatbe), y~Jj tanaffas.
mutamarrid.
Respite, &\$*mahlat. See Reprieve.
stubborn, reluctant. A restive
See
Obstinate,
Resplendence, L^j diya. See Bright
horse, ^j=^ harun.
See Horse.
ness, splendor. -Resplendent,
Restiveness, jL= în&d.
Û lumi^. See Bright, splendid.
Stubbornness, obstinacy.
Resplendently,
Restless (having no rest), _b.*,c
See Splendidly.
ghayr murtah.
Responsibility, iJlo kafalat,ij\A~o

dunuinal.
See
[mujawib.
Restlessness (want of rest or ease),

4~yi.*iX .ada ia arrahat.
Responsive,
Restorable.
Rest (quiet, repose), <t-!j rahat.
Restoration,
See Tranquillity. (cessation of
ittirdad.
See Recoverable.
Sec
Restitution.
858
RES
Restoration of health, iLi, t/ut/d.

See Recovery.
Restorative, ,JUii *Ad/t. A resto
rative, ijli *Ad/l.
RET
Restriction, .LeJsl
See Restraint.
Restrictive, restringent,
iktisdri. See Styptic.

Restore, c. (give back, send back, Restrictively,
iktisur.
bring back),
rajja^. See
Retrieve, re-establish, recover, Result, <S^.iJ natljat (plur.
natayij), 'i-*j tamarat. See Effect,
inference.
repay.
Restored, j-^-* murajja^,
mardud, c^s^t marjii-..
Re
stored to health, ^s"îi/n/tuti/ti liltahJiat. To be re

stored, Jo;! ///</. Sec Return.
Result, v. (rise as a consequence).

/!. [<>l ikhtuur.
Resamable,
Resume, v. (take back), Jo- \

ra/u akhaz. To resume a dis
Restorer, . JjK radid.
curf natijat
course,
Restrain, . (curb), i^~; <faia<, lajj
al kiiliini.
/!'/,/, ,* Aflwo', ^- jabar.
Resurrection, . ^<Ls kiyamat. The
See Check, repress, overawe.
day of resurrection, <LUaJ!,..;
Restrainable, L^V.^C_ mumkin
yawm al liiyumat. See Day of
aldabt.
judgment.
Restrained (checked), LResuscitate, p. L-I ahy&h. See
madlut,
Revive. Resuscitation,
mahsur ; (limited), J
t'Aya. See Resurrection.
mahdud. See Restricted.
Retail, ?.
Restrainer, s. LuU
Restraint (check),
/imnui ; (limitation),
Retail,
mufarral.
oayt WJ
[/arrai.
Retailed,
i
Restrict, e.y-aji kassar. Restricted, Retailer, . j^-jL*! b c. Uj bayyiit bU
muktaiar,
muaftr,
mvfarraTc. See Pedlar.
muthtatar.
Retain, r. (withhold), >
RET
859
RET
k -.indahn ; (to keep in con Retired (private, recluse),

finement) , j /tujiiz. See Detain,
mukhtall.
keep.(to keep in pay, maintain Retirement, t_->\ v ".-r>-l ijtinal,
as followers, etc . Xw J>.sr b iA^r.k.->î\âJ\ insiraf. See Retreat.
luit findaho btt khidmat. See
Retirement, retiredness (of life),
Hire, pension.
[tnaniBilk.
ijL>- khalwat. A. retirement or

place of retirement, i.L>. khalwat.
Retained (withheld), uJ)*.*.<
Retainer, *. jjlj <di^. See De Retort, *. (sharp answer), <-!->^>jlr>- jawvib had. See Repartee,
pendant, follower, pensioner.
raillery.
Rot tike, v. JJAp-^j^Jo-l ukhaz
Retract, c. A^t^âAJ nakad kala.min jadid.
maho, jj\ ankar.
Retaliate, r. <U- j^l /.-/(: hakkaho.
Retracted, j* mankur.
Retaliated, |_î*lL mukusai.
Retraction, j\j\ inkar.
Retaliation, *UbJ\ intikam.
Retard, I'.jiir. âwwak, t_^ mana^. Retreat (place of privacy), tj>.
khalwat. See Retirement.The
See Hinder, obstruct, delay.
retreat
of an army, ^ _}} * y^
Retarded, î-'li* mutaakhkhir.
Retention (withholding), i__5^-w-
nxui ; (holding), cJLuu*! imsuk.
al âskar, j\,3 fir&r,

\ inhizam al âskar.
See Confinement, restraint, limi Retreat, v. (from an enemy),

inhazam, j-i far.
Retreated,
tation.
/*
li-<
lilrl/tzittji.
Retentive (having the power of
Retrench, . (cut off, abridge), jai
holding or withholding),
katar,j^z-\ ikhtatar.
Retioular, reticulated, retiform, Retrenchment, jlîr.S.i ikhtisar,
jldsil iktiniir.
[equipage.
tawfib i-,. See Train, Retrenched, ,.n-" mulhtasar,
Retinue,
intaraf, i^^sMj\
Retire, .
insahab. See Recede, retreat, Retribution,
jazu, jljlL* mukafu.fi, ij>-\ ujrat.
resign. To retire from one
another, l.JtclJ labaâdn.
See Repayment, recompenBe.
REV
Retributive, retributory,
muku.fl.
Retrieve, v. (recover,
istarja^, J-STJ f<H7a lallaA.
See Re-establish, restore.
Retrievable. See Recoverable.
Retrocession, retrogradation, retro
REV
i ij .*..,(, -
malcthv.f,
munkathij.
[muslin,
kashif, y^l*-*
iJl /Aa alasrar,
jl^lsl ('zAdr. See Discovery.A
revelation from heaveii, (
/'v/// rabbani, \#\ ilham,
o'u'i ilham rabbdnl.
[natmat.
Revenge, /LiLxJ 1 intikdm, <t_JiJ
Revenge, v, ._*j^J'' intakam min.
gression. u-aJtsH
likhalf.
Retrograde,
IMalf, c_
maklub. See Con Revenger, *. (one who takes re
venge), ."....- /iHii/tn', in/ ; (one
trary, opposite.To retrograde,
\))i*^^^rj rajiîla' ward.
who avenges or punishes)^
Return, v. (come back) j->^)
muktiiii.
jlc âd; (to give back),
Revenue, Jîs^ maAru/,
rajja^ ; (send back), *~*
madkhnl. A collector of revenue,
See Restore, repay.(to make
jj-^s'* muhassil.
Reverberate, t>. (beat or throw back)
To return to one's senses (after
l_/x*j! inâkat. To reverberate
madness, ebriety, anger, or faint
(as sound), ^cbj^ <.tnniil ySghi,
ing), c*"* tehl. To return to
See Echo.
any former habit, ^1 jlc ii
Reverberated,
Return, . (to any place)
Reverberation,
ru/it, ifJ> tawdat, tez^j rajât ;
Reverberation of sound,
yughi.
(profits arising from merchandise,
etc.), *_>-' i'<-'j -, &uu-* tnanfatat. Revere, reverence, v. i*/^ ihlaram,
i^tabar. See venerate, honor.

See Profit, revenue.
[ruju^.
Returnable, c^*-^!Jj\J kabil ar- Revered, j*^-* mukarram,
Reveal. ; . j$o\ ashar, ^Jl__ii.^
muhtwam, jM+ mu^tabar. See
kasha/ astir, .yijl aftha'. See
Venerable, honored, esteemed.
Discover, disclose.
Reverence,
ihtiram,
REV
861
REV
,'tli'ii , _Jj tawklr.
Reversible,
mumkin al akt.
See Veneration, respect, honor.
A reverence (act of obeisance), Reversion (right of succession),
CJ^---* mlras, <*>^j warasat.
MJ tatllm, LsH inhina.
See
Heritage, succession. Re
Reverencer, reverer, t. * versionary, i^jjjj-* mawrus,
tarrim,
I^J\J+A!I\ ijjjo) bitarlk al mlrdi.
Reverend, i^r^* muhtaram,
mukarram, *Lix. mu-âztam. See Revert, v. ^~Tj raji^. See Return,
reverberate. Revertible, J-.ilii
Venerable, revered.
tfrj*\ kdbil arruju^.
Reverend, reverential, fit.".*** muhReview, r. (to see or consider again),
tasham, ', i'lv_ -~-l-- dAii
JaJkp-^j^laj nazar min jadld.
See Respectful.
Reverently, j^^\J>\ J-Ci
See Re-examine, examine, sur

vey.
To review an army,
(I....U ' f-^.iy*.^ kasliaf âla' al
ihtiram, c
{Otdkir. To review a book, Jj'J
Reverie,^j /^r, j\zj\ iftikar. See
c_>l^ kabal kitab.
Meditation.
Review, . (retrospection), ^ '
Reverse, v. i_-Jj fofei, t-^X= âi-as,
raazar, <LLliL mukdbalat. See
i_îj kallab. See Overturn, sub
Examination, survey.
A re
vert, repeal, contradict.
viewer, Ajli nazar.
Revile, v. z shatam,
soi.
mwnkalib, c_.'jLJL mdklub. To
See Reproach.
be reversed, ^_Jjiil inkalab. See Reviler, s. >jLji ihatim.
Inverted, inverse.
Reviling, . xl shatm.
Reverse, j_/^c j.fli<, bîijt Milub, Revise, v. (writings, etc.),
i__^srl inhiraf. See Inversion.
J_j\i kabal. A revise,
(change), Jj JuJi taldll,
mukdbalat. See Review,
The reverses of fortune, Revisit, f.
ih dr
o^*3 mi iru i/ ii, mil!nhr; (an
yarfirf.
opposite, contrary), i_jLiRevival, revivification, reviviscency,
REV
RHT
Revive, v. (return to life or vigor),
revolution or change of govern

ment, <ukLuMJj.XJ talJ'tl aisalirf-- ahya'.
tanat.
Revived,
muntaash.
Reward, . ^J-^ jasa, jS*-\ ajr,
Reviver, .
muhyl.
iULCt mukafah, tAy saicdb.
Re-union, JaJc^^^jW1! ittihdd
See Retribution.Deserving a
min jadid.
reward, *-.-'|j *- ^' 'Tj '"'
Re-unite, v. Jo Jcs-^jj\LJ\ J^c
Carnal ittifak minjadld.
imtstawjib assawab.
A good
action worthy of a reward, J^c
Revocable, Jkj yubtal. Revocablet-J^jil't-^^-^-*^*- ÔOTO/ khayr
ness, JUajU^lL*! imkdnal ibtdl.
mu/ib asiawal,
To revocate, revoke, (Jiaj lattal.
Revocation, revokement, JL-la_il Reward, v. ^jK kafa', s\j\s? j&tah.
See Recompense, repay.
iht.iit. See Repeal.
Revolt, v. ^Jx-âf. âla', *U Rewardable, \î?\iifl layik alja&,
astawab.
Revolt, s, ijLa_c ioawa<. See
Rewarded,
,<
muJcufa'.
Rebellion, desertion.
Rewarder, .
* muMfi.
Revolted, ^L-ac âtyan.
Revolter, *. ^>\e. i&sl. See Rebel, Rhetoric, *- aM) c
fasdhat. See Oratory.Rhetori
deserter.
Revolve, v. (turn round), j\3 ddr.
cal. See Oratorical. Rheto
Revolution (revolving in a circle),
rician. See Orator.
j)J rfawr, u^jJ dateardn. Revo Rheum, ^j rashh. Rheumatism,
lutions, kôU; nawayib, i^J\iisJ\
J*tfliUM^>-j toaja^ al mafasil.
iii/c/l<lliat, culJjLJ' takallulat. Rhinoceros, *. ^J&J* karkadan.
The revolutions of the heavens, Rhododaphnc (a rose -with laurel
leaves), <djj dufle.
cJLj3!cjL.Jju takattubat al
afl&k. The revolutions of ages, Rhubarb, J^jlj rdwand. China rhu
uUjJ 1 CJ UliiJ 1 inkilabdt astabarb, ^~~aJ)\j rdwand sint.
mun. Revolutions of fortune, Rhyme, iuslji k&fiyat.
.^^.^ nateayib addaJar. A. Rhythmical, ^jjy* matmHn, Ehyth-
EID
863
mically, dL.
al
kafiyat. Not rhythmical,

tion
rhythmically
An ora
composed,
RID
ing away, clearing away), Oo

(f/a^.
Riddle,*, (enigma), Sjj Jk- Aazzura,
J^ ramz. To propound a riddle,

i^jiXs-Jf âwa^ Aasszflra. A
" miuajja^. Who speaks
riddle (sieve), Jlî ghurlal.
rhythmically, -Êib, s. j_Li dult. Ribbed,
Riddle, c. (solve a riddle), j^l!_î
Inft a adldi.
shardh arrams ; (to separate by a
c.
Rice (in the husk), jj run. A. rice
coarse sieve), Jj^ gharlal.
Ride, . i-^ reêi. Any beast
merchant, JjcUo layy&^ruz.
Rich, ^yji ^fom?. See Opulent,
upon which a person rides,
wealthy.
Riches, JL jd7, J^l amwal, Rider, .
Riders,
t'L^,
ruiidi.
kasarat at mal. See
A rider or
"Wealth.
breaker of horses,
Richly,
M ghind. See
muâttim al khayal.
Opulently, abundantly, plente- Ridge, *. (higher part, top) ijjj
ously.
%arwat. The ridge of a moun
Richness, Lc
See Fertility,
tain, J-J=M^^ r"* aljobtiL
opulence,abundance,finery, splen Ridicule, XjS?*" maskharalt,
dor.
istihza. See Raillery.
Rick, . (pile of corn, hay, etc.), Ridicule, v.
j+*z ânlar.
maskhara,
Rid, v. (disengage, disentangle),
madhake,
,_U- hal; (to set free), ^,A^>âlayhi, it-Aj^s*"^ tamaskhar
khallas. To get rid of (escape
âlayhi. See Deride, rally, mock,
from), AiU-^^^Ll. khallai halaho;
laugh at.One who ridicules,
(to drive away), j_jj dafa^.
u.VvL; dahik, ^û** mustahzt.
Riddance (disencumbrance),
See Wag, mocker.
liverance),
hal al mashkal; (de

- iAa/a; (driv
Ridiculed,
Ridiculous,
sar mudhake.
*^ mudhik, t
864
RIG
tnatkhara. Anything ridiculous,

Sjs?"** maskhara.
Ridiculous
things, tul^js^* madfiakat.

Ridiculously, Uî~)\ jj likol istihzd.
Ridiculousness, LLX-s"3" J'-a- AdZ
mudhilt. See Ridicule.
Riding, *. t_*j rukb, <~~fj rukul.
Rie, ,\J.W jawdtir.
Rife (or general, as a contagious
distemper), ^*y*- ûmuml.
Rifely, L**tf ûmuman.
Rifeness, /}* %vmum.
Rifle, v. c.-^J nahab, > -A~' soZrtJ.
See Pillage, plunder, rob.
Rifled, t_.'-\--.-.-^t maslub,
RIG
on the right), j^^J yamin. To
the right, Ai^J yamnatan. Right
and left, iûy^.ji-4-^ maymanat
tea maysarat. From the right,
..^J!^ win o/ yamtn. The
right wing of an army, &~*^>
maymanat. The right and left
wing, ^yuuyy) \j(U.*...*! i a? may
manat teal maysarat. A right
line, AJu---v.-tVi4- khatt mustaJam.
The right way, aJb^^JâN
aarJ/t (^ wwteiJ> ; (to be
straight), pja***^ lean muttaklm; (to be correct),
kun sahih.
Right (interjection of approbation),
manhul. See Robbed.

_^Ji tayyil, *-k
Rifler, . i^Li *aif'i,
Right (proper),
See Plunderer.
Ji wi<r-,! it mttndsib ; (in a direct
Right (fit, proper, just), ^ Idyik,
line), Jbu**JasT likhattin mtumunusib,
takim.
Jî\^ muteafik. See Becoming, Right (justice), Jj* t.a^ ' C6*6'
suitable, convenient.(true, not
dom from error),
erroneous), --s"* sahih. See
(due or just claim),
Perfect, complete.(just,honest),
(property), i
khassiyat; (power, prerogative),
ijAs Icudrat, p kaioat. The
salih. See Righteous.-(not
right (side), li^*Jli_-^J- janil
crooked, straight), *Ji.">-< .^4j yamln.
The right hand
_x<t-J \Jull alyad alyamna'. The

right side (afoo anything situated
al yamln. Against right, t-.i*S,iik.\ khildf al faik. Hereditary

rights, 4.5^
siyah.
RIM
865
Right, v. (administer justice)

{Jkk.1 ajra' al hak.
Righteous, JLe salih, ,JOU> sadik
RIS
Ring, i. <UiL>- halaka. See Hoop,

circle. (for the finger),
mahbas. A seal ring, *j'ls.
See Just, honest, virtuous, holy.

(plur. *J'|^>- khdwatim). An iron
Righteously, JLa Jjo bikol sal&h.
ring at a gate, t_>LJl<ULL*.
Righteousness, _l_-c salah. See
halakat alb&b. An ankle-ring
Rectitude, honesty, virtue, piety.
worn by women, ,
khalkhal.
justice.
Ring, v. JJ dak.
Rightful (having right),
Ring-finger, *. jl - khatim.
hakikl. See True, lawful.
Ring-dove, .
hamSm.
Rightfully, JUil J& likol inidf, Ringlet, *. (of hair), t_flllj zd//,
JilLb l Mai.
A*^- /ajrf. See Curl, lock of hair.
Rightly (properly, suitably), Jjj Rinse, v. J~i ghasal. See Wash.
&~~k~*bikol munasabat ; (exactly), Riot, <(jU-i shamdtah.
likol dikkat,
Rip, . ^wi 7ji. To rip up a
bissawab ; (straightly), îr>sewing, Ji fatak.
,->JLxu4.- 4 wajhin mustaklm.
Ripe, i^ff*** muttatoi. Of ripe
Rightness, <L.lsi_;1 istikdmat. See
years, jJb ia%A.
Rectitude, righteousness, straight- Rise, v. (as the sun), jJL fa^,
ness, trueness.
Jj^l ashrak; (to appear in view,
Rigid, rigorous (severe, inflexible),
to emerge), > zelier. To rise
^jJui shadid.
[ness, stiffness.
upon the feet, ,lS kam.
Rigidity, x Xi shiddat. See Rigid- Rise (source, spring), J^,! asl,
Rigidly, rigorously (severely), > Juio
ibtidii. See Beginning, origin ;
lishiddat, Jujtî <te-^j li wajhin
shadid.
Rigidnoss, rigor, ^Ll^ saramat.
See Severity, austerity.
Rill, rillet, . J.X>- jadtoal. See
Rivulet.
Rim, *. ^,Li kanar.
[margin.
Seo Border,
elevation, promotion.(increase),
>}\)4j\ izdiyfid.
Rise, rising
(springing up or from), jjJua
; (appearing), c jib iaû^,
zuhur,
tisibility, LlXs- rfM, Sec Laugh
ing.Risible (having the faculty
110A
866
dahik ;
of laughing),
(exciting laughter),
mudahhik.
ROL
tarik iiini. Roads,

road,
3)0 turk.
Eoast, v. (_cî shawa'
Roast, roasted,
Eisk, J&~ khatar (plur.
Eoast meat,
akhtar), xjia\...*-* mukhdtarah.
mushwl.
See Danger, hazard, chance.
Rob,
r.
sara.k,
Please to insure my goods against
See Steal, plunder.
all risks and dangers,
Robbed, ju.* musruk.
mwhm.
nahab.
kol Eobber,
harami, J-sJ ft1** (plur.
al akhtar.
Ituut). See Plunderer, thief.
Eisk, v. Ja\~ Ishatar. A risker,
A highway robber, ^JiJ jlallclkS
Jio\s.-* mukhatir.
Aaaj. attarlk.
[dering, theft.
Eite, . .u^-C! i ~y rayin al kanlsat,
Eobbery, As^ rifl<. See Pluntn1;s. Kilt's, *._: , ruium,
Robe, *. (^liiii ia/Kdn ; (as present),
tvkus. Eites observed at
<uL>- khalât.
[vigorous.
the temple of Mecca,
Robust, ,jij* Aatcl. See Strong,
man&siJt. Eitual, ifUtSê tahl.
Robustness, >_-_j kuwat.
See
Eivage, ki shaft. See Coast, bank.
Vigor, strength.
Rival, t. I----J; rakll, Ju_jf-harif.
Eock, . ^s^9 fliAr. Rocky, f.^
Eiver, s.^gj nahr (plur.^j \ unhwr).
toa^r. See Eugged.
The bank of a river, îllki ghat
Eod, *. (stick, staff), Lac. âta,
annahr.
See Bank.A river
c_^..ri ^ /-';f/;?i (plur. .1j
. ~
i^ .
horse, jjsJI^Lea- hisfin al bahr.
kudbdn).
See Hippopotamus.
Rogue, *. (vagabond), j^L-j^1
Eivet, *. jl**u^ imumdr. See Nail.
atobdth. See Rascal, villain,
To rivet, JAM* masmar.
scoundrel, cheat, thief.
Eivulet, s. j*Ju>j$-J nahr saghir, Roguish (knavish), Jî sharlr.
<uiL> sakiyah,
c>- jadtoal.
Roll, *. (catalogue), LJ^J fahratai.
arjukum taiawguru mall ^
Road, *.
The high
See List, register.
ROO
867
Roll, v. (anything upon the ground),

_ .-J dahraj. To roll as the
ROU
Roominess, A*~JJ was-îi.
See
Space. Roomy, j-^-y

See Spacious, wide, large.
waves, _..j*3 tamawwaj.

Rolled (on the ground), _.y>-JCL* Root, J-l aZ
mutadahrij. _ Rolled or levelled
thumb. Roots,
as ground, J3**^ mumittah.
crfi/t. To root up, tear up by
Romance, s. t+oj kissah, <UwG>.
the roots,
tala^, u
hikayat. See Fable ; also lie,
See Eradicate. To
fiction.
take root,
sharrash.
arnal Rooted, ^j^pij^lc âmil shuruih,
Romance, v.
hikayat. See Fable, feign, forge,
tnusharrish.
lie.
[Fabler, liar. Rope, . J-- AaW (plur.
Romancer, n. (Ji!jlC- hakateatt. See
ahlsl). A rope-maker,
Romantic (resembling romances),
hal/bal.
&lkJ J. * * mul al hikayat; Rosary, s.
masbaha.
(fanciful), jjaz^t mutasamwar. Rose, . 5j wardat (plur. CJ
See Fable ; alto improbable,
wardiit). The hundred-leaved
false.
rose
ward mukabbas.
Roof, *. ^_-. sakf. The roof of
The peony rose, y~k.U
the mouth, ^jjl^K_ --- sakf al
al hamir. Rose water, L
halt. See Palate.
ward. Ottar of roses,
Rook, x. ch sdgh, ''V^ yhinlb.
%ttr al ward.
See Crow.The rook at chess,
Rosemary, (J-^ftJ-Kl iklll aljabal,
~j rukh.
^Kr^j*. twfiayttinni.
Boom (place), ,.)l- mdkan,
Rosin, iijAJj kalfunah. See Resin.
mahal; (space), <U-;j tcasât
Rosy, roseate, ^J^jj wardl.
(place of another), ^J>f
Jja /ini/<il. In his room,
Rotation, ^jj^ dawaran,j) daw.

Rouge, Jp^js. humra/t.
See Paint.
A room or apartment, Rough (not level or smooth of sur

face), ,.,^^- khashin, b.lf ghaliz.
awda.
See Chamber.
ROW
ROU
Bough of temper,
ghalls attabi. Kude, rustic.
Roughcast, s. or rough draught or
Rounded,
made
round, ijiX< mudaunear.

Joundly (in a round form), fJ*-^J
model, iOv*L* musatcwadah.

Roughen, v. (make rough) k.L:<d
j^^tlvshaUinmudawwar; (with
âmalaJio ghalls ; (to grow rough),
}?7u7A-t walikhlai; (vigorously),
iaJjjLo sdr ghalii.

Roughly (with unpolished manners),
out
reserve),
Roundness,
ôl^^jjA-allj
rlj-
tadtclr.
See
<&iJj Ukol ghaldzat.

Smoothness; sincerity.
Roughness, 4\ilc ghalazat; (harsh Rouse, v. *\J kam. See Excite.
ness of temper),Sjj+=*- klm&hunat;
To rouse from sleep, (*^^lir*O"
(rudeness of manners), c>jlj.xe
fak mm annawm ; (to awake from
âdam adab, iil^^Jtf âdam
Bleep), (yJ^Jî fayyak
tardfat, 2aî ghaldzat.
annawm.
Round, adj. J)-" mudatotear, Rout (defeat of an army), |Jjf 1
tjjjM^f mustadir. Round about,
inhisam, ^*J^ hazinuit, Xju&
round and round, J_j- &>
kairat.
To turn round, j\J rfar.
See Rout, v.jL^\jM kaiar al t<ukar,
Revolve.
* Aaatam. See Defeat.
Round, . Sji\3 d&yirdh, j^ dawr.
Routed, *|f- munAostm, j^-L.
See Circle, ring ; revolution. The
maksur. See Defeated.
round or step of a ladder,
Route, Jjjt <rii. See Way,
darajah. The round or circuit
road.
made by a guard or watch, <Ljj
Row,.(fi- a/(plur. <_jê /"/).
nawbat.
Placed in a row, ujsk-i* mustaf.
Round, adv. J>- hautl ; (on every
Row, .'. (a boat), i_JAJs
side),
. A rower, uJl
Round, v. (makp round),
*
âmalaho
mudawviar ;
round), Jj-j^
become round),
(to go
mukaddif.
Rowel, *. jUf
shawkat. See Spur.
RUE
869
RUI
Royal
mulukl, Jl in L-. Ruffian, *.

haraml,
[mulukl.
. SeeAssassiu,
-L^-jj liwajliin
robber, murderer.
Royalty, <uiiLj sultanat.
Ruffled (discomposed) c_>Ii_2_^
gultani.
Rub, . uL
muttarib (vulg. yo^J^* makh-
. See Grind, polish, scour,

clean.To rub (wear or be worn), Rug, *.
iLl? tunfusat.
See ifat, coverlet, carpet.
sahak.
Rugged (rough, uneven), t.JJioRub, rubbing, s. tl
khashin, laJue Â/ ; (as ground),
tahklk,(^jjfark. Rubbing with
the hands or between the fingers,
Rubbish, <LL kanasat.
Ruby, . CL?yb ydi-< (pl.
jj wa^r. See Rough.Rugged

of temper, ^.liJUaJe ^Mzs
attab^. See Morose, rude, brutal,
surly.
Ruggedly,
khashanat,
Rude (uncivil, brutal), kjj:

LJ kaba, See Inelegant, rustic,
rugged, rough, harsh, savage, Ruggedness, &a\z ghalazat, <L> ÂsL
turbulent.
khushunat. See Roughness.
Rudeness (brutishness, incivility), Ruin (destruction), i^^j A
al fffialaiat; (ignorance, un^j| inhid&m.
skilfulness),
A ruin (of a building), iLi.
âdam al
c7/. See Inelegance, violence.
kharabat.
Ruins,
Rudiment (first elements ofscience),
kharAb&t.
ad,
Ruin, p. c.-yt. War**,
ibtida.
See Demolish, destroy, overthrow.
Rudimental,
tharM,
(to make poor or wretched),
adl, etc.
jt^t-^z ^(iinalaho fakir,
Rue (herb), ^!A_ sadab.
Ruined (demolished, overthrown,
Rue, v. i_xJ'l; taagsaf, *ijl ingham.
laid waste),
mahdum,
See Lament, grieve, regret.
v munhndim,
39
RUL
870
RUP
rub; (made poor or wretched), Rumble, v. tXc, ratad, îjs karka-,.

^Ju fakir, uAi* mufli.
Ruinous (as buildings),
The rumbling of the belly,

,^-M karl'iiid- al bain.
kharbdn,
Buminate, . i*u>j nashwar. See
mwihrif ja/a' al khar&b ; (de
Chew the cud.-(to muse),
structive), L^"--T mutlif, jo*
J,JjJ tafakkarfi. See Meditate.
mudirr. See Pernicious.Ruin Rumination (chewing the cud),
ously (perniciously),
jl^y>-\ y'tirdr; (meditation),^
jfOj likol talafin wadarar.
fikr.
[Search.
Rule (government, q. .),
Rummage, v. (jioi fattath. See
hukumat, *.C>- hukm ; (a canon),
Rumor (news), ^jli^-rJ- khabar
^yU kfmiin, *~>j nisnt, iA^ls
shdyi^; (reputation), t -<^ ?<
kd-îdah, &x?.j> iharlât. A rule
Rumor, . j!.>>- 1^-5 , shayya-^
or ruler by which right lines are
akhbar.
drawn, *"- mtistarah. Rules,
^.^Jijji kawUnln,
kaw&îd. Run, p. (je-j rakad. See Make
Haste, fly, rush. To run away
According to rule,
(flee), <-ry> AaraJ ; (to flow),
hasab arrusum. Not according to
(./> /"""'
Cêe Apostate.
rule, A-J'IJUO rfjrfrf arrusum.
Rule, 0. *- liakam. See Govern, Runagate, <Jjl*J^lj woitr imanaho.
See
regulate, manage. To rule or Runaway, <_Jjla Aar6.
Fugitive.
draw a line with a ruler,
Runner, *. (Ja$\j rakid; (swift
sattar.
messenger), ê_cl_; sail. See
Ruled (governed), *k-l cuâr tdht
Messenger, courier.
al hukitn. Ruled with a ruler,
Rupture, *. (breach of peace),
.L~~ musattar.
Ruler, . /^^*- hakim. See Gover
nor.A ruler for drawing lines
(made of parallel threads disposed
on pasteboard), H h...< mastarah.
Sec Rule.
J^\ nakad al sulh,

ishar al âdawat. See Breach,
hostility, enmity, war. (hernia),
j^cjfatak, JzJfutk, J^-3 kttri.
To be afllicted with a rupture,
871
infatak, Jj/i-J^ inkarak,

U> sar lahofatak.
Eupture, v. See Break, burst.
SAC
Sabbath, c^-^Jl*^ yw/ atsabt ;

(Sunday), iX-l!l,^; yaw af
ahhad, t^JUj.) yawm *rraJ.
o/,
Sabine, s. (tree),
Rural, i^Sj) barri. See Eustic.

Euse, <(L. ///A///. See Artifice,
finesse.
Sable, Jj-i\ atwad. See Black.
1 lusl i, v. (move with violence),
The sable or its fur,^*-: sammur,
c^_J <wa^. See Run.To
<_jlâ-j sinjab.
rush upon, (-Lc,wsr61 hajam âla'. Sabre, s. t_cr.i sayf. See Sword.
See Assault, attack.
Sacerdotal, ijy^ ia/mu<Z.
See
Hust, ljuo .w/.
Priestly.
Rustic, rustical (belonging to the Sack, s. {j\fr jatodl, yu*& kli.
country), ^$ji barrl. See Eural.
See Bag.A large needle for
(rude, untaught, inelegant),
sewing sacks, <sLu^ musalMi.
^J.f ffhallz, Ui kubd, Jiifallah;
Sackcloth, \J*+s*- khaysh, **
(artless, honest, simple), ,>f;*.i.r
mash.
ghashlm ; (plain,
*jL> sada.
unadorned), Sack, v. (storm, plunder, lay waste),

i_î nahab. See Pillage ; aho
Eustic, s. _ij fallah. See Clown,
to bag.Sacked, <_j>jtf*< manhub.
countryman, husbandman, farmer.
See Plundered.
Rye, j^Jjl;>- juwdur, *i~~> tegola.
a.
Sack (storm, pillage), <-.-) nahb,

Xj[f. ghdrah. See Plunder.A
sacker, L.-Jfcli ndhib. See Plun
derer.
S, in English, has two sounds : one Sackbut, s. (musical instrument),
soft, at the beginning of words, as
^yilS kaniin (plur. i^j-z-J \j-i
alt ; the other approaching to the
kawdnln).
sound of z, aa rou. In Arabic Sacrament, (jmjjul^ljyi!^ *t>
h is expressed by ^ (as
/ kurban al mukaddas. See Eu
thams, ' the sun').
charist; oath.
Sabaoth, _.y.-_- sabiiwut.
Sacred, ijmiJLt mukaddas. Sco
SAD
SAG
872
interdicted Safe, JL sulim, kysr* maA/uz,

.j*^* muhml.
from promiscuous use),
Safe-conduct,
*. sÂ-3 tattkara,
muharram ; (private), (
Holy. (inviolable,
khas,
o-ti-* makhsus.
CJyluJ pasaport.
See Convoy,
Ukol
passport.
Sacredly,
Safeguard,
<V.b- himayat, &iLdiyanat wa kadasat. See Keligigiydnat. See Defence, protection
ously, inviolably.
Sacredness, ^J3 kudu, JLJ.xJ> Safely, LjjlaA-iXj *
tco salatnat, "UjU'UJL. idfo
kid&iat,. See Holiness.
Sacrifice, v. <jJ ka/rrab, ^J
satamat,
zabah. See Kill, destroy, devote. Safety, safeness,
aaman,
\ amn.
kvrban,
A sacrifice,
U j zallhat, <Ls** dahiyat. A Safiron,
*
place of sacrifice, *&* mazbdh.
Sacrificed, _.-'-V. mazbuh. The Sagacious, ij.^; >.
lasirat. See Sage.
animal sacrificed,
bikol
Sagaciously, iftuJ
A sacrificer, *<1 J
âklin wa nabahat.
Sad, py*M maghmum, ^J*- hazln,
takd^\sf* mahzun. See Sorrowful, Sagaciousness, sagacity,
toat. See Foresight, prudence.
melancholy, mournful.
Sadden, v. (make sad), (.M*-' ahaum,
Sage (wise), JJiL-c

hakim, uJ;^ ta/- See Saga
* gham; (to grow sad), **>'

ingham, ^^sr'Jâ sar mahzun.
cious, prudent.
Saddle, . ^ ar;' (plur. r}j~i Sage,
faylasuf. SeePhilosopher.Sages,
mruj). A saddler, saddle-maker,
a, Ulc
sarraj.
A pack-saddle,
[wa hikmal.
*oar.
[_û- masruj.
Saddle, . .- saraj. Saddled, Sagely, <u*-_# 1
' eo
Sageness, JJic ^W, <U^s hikmat,
Sadly, ^J^J Ukol gham.
Lbi fitnat. See Wisdom, pru
Sadness, *i gham. See Sorrow,
melancholy, dejection.
dence.
SAL
873
SAL
Saleable, cLi yubdt. Kot saleable
Sagittarius, sagittary,
cL;3 Zd
lll'i'j al I''!''::.
Said (aforesaid),
al mazkiir. Salesman, . JJJ dallal, cLl_He said, Jlj ML "We said, L
layyat.. See Seller.
kulna. You said, ~. 1 ,j kultum. Saline, salinous, ^^>- 1 mallahat.
They said,
bttsd/c,
or
Saliva,
Sail, . -_'J
A ship rigged
rlt, J-sJ <e</?. See Spittle.
with sails,
mukli^..
Salival, salivary, salivous,
rikl.
Sail, v.
Saint, *.
kaddl. Saints, Salivate, ' , Jû batak.
C
o~-~ AJ kaddlsln.
Sake (end, purpose), <Lj nya<,
/'(M7, L)J .,-1 st.+ maksud,
tH
Salivation, (_jW
tayalan arrlk.
Sally, *. (eruption of the besieged),
hujum,
gharad; (cause, account of any
---- talab. Sally, v. (-Lc*jsift> hajam
person or thing),
kharaj
Por the sake of,
tfo/7. For
your sake,
mt ajlak. Salt,
milh. Salt or brackish
For the sake of God, <LL
a mdlih.
water,
M.'li'ilihii'itu illahi.
ma/A. Salted,
Salt, <w^-.
Sal ammoniac, jOL2>y nushadir.
Salacious. See Lecherous, lustful.
Salad, s. <SjiLs saliita.
Salamander, *.
samandar.
Salary, *. <LjjLe ûlufat, (j^-î

ta^yln.
See Stipend, pension,
Salt, t>. mallah. To oversalt in

lamalaho
cooking,
mdlih kasir.
mamlahat,
Salt-cellar, *.
Aa-iu mallahat.
Salter, *. (one who salts) **** mumallih ; (a seller of salt), *UL>

^"
\
^" bayyd^ milh ; (a maker of
Sale to the highest
Sale,
salt), ^r*J^.lc tatt7 milh.
mazad. To put up
bidder,
Saltish,
to sale, jij. J.,- ..";.'/ maead.
ish, JU
JU w /,*. See Saline.
pay.To pay a salary,
SAL
Saltness, JJ dali^. Saltless bread,

jj JU^.
SAN
874
/////; <///;..
Saltpetre, JjjUl^* miTft al barud.

See Nitre.
Salvation (eternal bliss), JfoLtJl
ba^d assalam al ikrum.
[These
and similar phrases often begin

Eastern letters.]
Salute, v. (pay compliment)
SO /III ill -.fllll.
.'...' J^j-l assaâdat al aladiyat, Same, t^J fad, t^*^

ôLi- kJialas; (escape from danger
See Equal, like, alike, even,
or difficulty), slsT /dA.
similar. Of the same species,
Salubrious, ,f!^)Salim,&s~\lji\^t
jc>- \ju.r>- (.yi min Jins tcuhid,
muwafik assahhat. SeeWholesome.
Salubrity, ~^Li salamat, <tSi1y
Of the same religion, ^jJJji^t
<t^r\ nniif<~if(ikiil assahhat. Sa
min fad din. Of the same city,
lubrity of air, l^MJljOil i^tidal
i&jJk/tJjj^jt min fad madinat.
al hawa.
Salve, *. *^/ marham. See Plaster.
Of the same color, \i)$^j*lj+

min fad lawn. Of the same age,
Salver, *. y^s** A. See Plate.

Salvo, . Uisol istisna. See Ex
ji^jS^ minfad ow/-. At the

same time, \î^\dJ\î^fl sat
al irtt/.-f. The same (ditto), \-aj\
aydan.
Sample, s, <ux>r. âyniyat, xjbtu,+
mustarah. See Specimen.
Sanative, jî *hafl. See Healing.
ception, excuse.
Salutariness, *Ju^J fHyidat, j_AJ
na/^, <UAi- m/ô<. See Sa
lubrity, wholesomeness.
Salutary (wholesome),
I'UxUlt IU sahhat,
(advantageous), j_iU o/fj, J!..A^
mufld, J-j-Vj -v/cvv/.
See Pro
fitable.
Salutation, *Lj saliim, *-LuJ' tastim.
Salutations, cyU-Lwj tatlimat.
After salutations, /LJ!jkXj ia^
tusal&m. After salutations and
i-orapliments,
\
J tatter,
Sanctified, Â!. muladdat.
Sanctifier, s. (jwJJL* makaddu. To
be sanctified, îiu takaddas.
Sanctify, v. (ju<& kaddas.
Sanctimonious, Jolt tubid,
kaddii. See Holy.
Sanctimony, jLc Jlfxlat,
875
SAN
SAT
Sanction, i^.-.Jj tasbit.
See Sanious, ->>>, mukayyih.

Sap, j
rashhat. See Juice.
Sap, . (mine), i-~iu nakab,
'i>j($c fahdrat. See Holiness.
xl tamalloghm. See Undermine.
Sanctuary, *. (holy place), J^"
Ratification.
Sanctity, sanctitude, aLJjki kiddiat,
n> /<//at mukaddas, u:-~,ii
Sapphire, g.j^jlc-Jyb ydkutasrak,
at bayt al mukaddas.
Sand, uLj raml.
j+La saftr.
[Palatable.
Sapid, to ;LiC //o matiyat. See
Sandal, *. (J*j na^l, ~.\i babuj.

Sandarak, (j^Jii-j sandarus.
Sanded (covered with sand, L5^3*-
J-^lb mttffhatta' lirraml. See
Barren.
Sanders or sandal " wood,
Sandy (consisting of sand),
ramh; (full of sand)^
Jcollaho raml, Ji_!cX
raml.
Sanguinary, L*iXJtcJLjii aa^dA
addimd. See Cruel, bloody.
Sanguine (having the color of
Sapience. See Wisdom.Sapient.

See "Wise.
Sappiness, "kjb mdtiyat. Sappy.
blood), ^yl a^fltor; (abounding

with blood), , Sl^-i^ /tasrr addam ;
(full of hopes, confident, warm),
mu-.jib binafsihi,
kurattab ^.
See Eager.
hardrat
Sanguineness,
tahakkumi.
[hum.
Sarcastically, ^^j'Jô Jtio? tahakSardel, sardine, sardius, sardonyx
attab^. See Ardor.

Sanies, \i
See Pus.
See Full of sap.

Sapless, j ',Liv!Li Malabo maziyat.
Saponacious (soapy), ^^j
misl assdbun.
Sapor, * jj //;;/, ij, massat,
See Taste.Saporific,
Sarcasm, . *^j talm^nm. Sec
Reproach, gibe, taunt.
Sarcastical, sarcastic,
^ j "
(precious stone), JH;AC taifi.

Sash, . j\j\ zunndr. See Scarf,
belt, fillet.
[See Devil.
Satan, Ûa-i shaytdn, j^/^-Jjl ajfi.
Sate, v. satiate, j-.il aMa-., -~l
mddat.
ehabla^. See Satisfy, fill, satu
rate, glut, pall.
SAT
876
Satiate, satiated, sated,

To be satiated, r - -*
Satiating, -~ ishba ^.
Satiety, _,.i shaba^.
Satin, ^JJjl </*.
Satire, ^s* A/fi. See Invective,
irony, ridicule.To compose a
satire, j^J^c Carnal haju. See
Satirize.
Satirical, satiric, ^jsr41 hajawl.
Satirically, jS^J&j likol haju,
^j^sr* c yo binatcîn hajatel.
Satirist, .
-^ hdjl.
Satirize, v. Ls* hajOf^s^^^c. Carnal
SAV
See Content; alto paid.To be
satisfied, ^jjâ tar r&di.
Satisfy, v. (give content),

See Satiate.(to pay, fulfil), ^
vafa',Siiîu J^j tcafa' biitthdihi; (to
recompense), i\j \>- jazah ; (to free
from doubt or perplexity), ^j
J\J\rayyahalbal; (to convince),
TL-< kanat.
[marsuildn.
Satrap, . ^~y-- satrab, ^Vj/*
Saturate, v. j--' ashba^, *--
shabba
Saturated,
Satiate.
Saturday,
haju. To satirize one another, Saturn (planet),
,i in tila.
dihim haju.
Satyr, *.
Satisfaction (of mind), j, -j turur, Satyrion (herb),
LJJ n'rfo. See Content, com
placency, gratification.Satisfac
tion for an injury, ,Jaf-
Savage (unfeeling), î\> Mn,

nl Jcalb, j_\'"
See
Satisfactorily, ^j* e f^- bi naw-.in
Cruel, fierce. - (uncivilised,
rustic), ,LJJ^st-t!-* waJwhi, ,_?
J iorrt.
mwrfa.
[Satisfaction.
-V*
Satisfactoriness, Uj^ rida. See
See Wild, uncultivated.-A
Satisfactory (giving content, pleas
savage (wild man),
ing), ^fi^j r&dl, (<*/ mwrdl ;
insan wahshi. A savage beast,
j^â-j wflAsA (plur. (ff'j=>~j ***(making atonement),
'^j JJ' yatnhi azzunub.
h&ih). To savage or make savage.
Satisfied, { _^' , r-iill, ,. M.* mairHr.
ictmalaho wahth.
SAV
877
SAV
Savagely (cruelly), ->a .tX lila

free),
mukhalai; (spared
shafakat. SeeBarbarously, wildly.
or excused),
Savageness (barbarousness), .LJ
katawat,
adam al Saver, g. (preserver from evil),
Llils- /'//>':, *!.* musallim, etc.
marhamat. See Cruelty.(wildHI
ness),
wahshanat.
Sauce, Ijj maraka.
kuseh lil
Saucer, s.
maraka.
Sauciness,
killat haya. See
Impudence, pertness.
Saucy, ij J':'L' lila adab. See Im
pudent, pert.
Save, v. (preserve from evil), Ljub*hafaz. See Preserve, (protect),
Saving, *. (ofexpense),^.J^-j tau/fir ;

(somewhat preserved from being
spent or wasted), ,P^-J bskl.
See Eemainder, reservation.
(exception), l'..V>.^ ittisna.
Savings' -bank,^.,J^_i_]!tlXiJ lank
attawflr.
Savingly (parsimoniously), J$Lj
j^^t-fi^l bikol tadblr wa tawf\r.
Savingness (parsimony), ^-JJu tadllrtjrj^ tawfir.
^j**~ hama' ; (set free), fÂ^.

khallas. To save (not to spend Saviour, s. )>âLs-* mukhallis. Our
Saviour Jesus Christ, c yJ\J ~^~"
or waste, to lay by), jit waffar,
j^jj-jtÂA Carnal tawfir. See
sayyidna yasu^ al masih,
Reserve.(to spare or excuse),
mukhallimd.
*
lijC|_fLi jo/a' tan, ,J]jAz ffhafar Savor, Jijtl /,'-..'/, <UxS ta-.mat.
ila'. See Pardon.Save you !

See Taste, flavor, smell.Of a
God save you ! &Ass?tU\ allah
bad savor, **-* " î_f-\ radt
yahfazkum.
altat/mat.
Save (except), ljtcL maâda, j*e. Savor, p. (have the taste of), te
ghayr, 1\ ilia.
o, JcJl ///.- ; (to give a
Saved (preserved from evil), ij
iiiiilifn- ; (not spent or wasted,
taste), Ju JJ*Lx âmalaho

JJ te.
lazzat,
laid by), ^\> l&kl, jityt mu- Savorily,
[fragrance.
waffar. See Preserved. (pro
tected), -*_s" muhma' ; (set Savorinese, i' JJ latzat. See Savor.
SCA
878
SCA
Savory, jo JJ fozlz. See Fragrant.

Sausage, . J^> manbar,
salilj.
tabakat (pi. cuUScaffold, 8.

talakat).
Scale, *. (w bason of a balance),
aA almitun. Scales,
Saw, pret. of ' see ;' as, I saw,
l^Jj Vi ') Mi::n,-f ; thou sir-vest,
(plur. ^.J^ matl^laj iii/znii ; ]ics;nv,^lij natar;
woztw). See Balance.A scale
we saw, U^laJ natarnd ; you saw,
(plur.
of a fish,
i^ki nazartum; they saw, Ij^laj
fulus). A scale or gradation,
As>-jJ ditsitjut ; (a thin plate),
worrit.
Saw, . lAx* MiitH/iii/-. A hand
<&J' tanakat.
[assamak.
saw, Jj ilito* minsh&r yad. The Scale, f. (fish), tl^JJ/
handle of a saw, .liii
Scaled, scaly, (j*ijlj<sl lahofal&t.
al minsMr. Belonging to a saw, Scallion,
basal dlthdar.
minsharl.
See Onion.
Saw, v.j&j nashar.
Scammony, s^y^s.-^ mahmude.
Sawdust, ^,LU nisMrah.
Scandal, i_Ci Aa/l-, .^^j _/;;,/;/*(.:.
Sawyer, s.îli Ar.
Seelnfamy, disgrace.(reproach),
Say, . JLJ Ml. See Speak, teU,
relate.They say, \j*j$J yak&lu,
Scandalize, .
it is said, J..J /--/.
*/ioi. See Eeproach, calumniate.
Saying, say, *. *K iaZ<3
mukal, Jy /vcV ; (he said),
Aa/; (she said), t^JU >idfo<.
Scab (a disease), <_.y>- jamb.
Scabbard, *. i_sli gkil&f, L
Scandalous (infamous), _---_*_

?c.ii, ^3s nutfiiih. See Igno
minious, shameful. (opprobri

ous), ^,lc ^dr.
assay/, J*.vr. ghamd. Scandalously (infamously), JSlj
See Sword-sheath.
Scabbed, scabby, ^Lj^- jarbun,
c-J^-^ o/ri (fern, l^sj
Scabbedness, scabbiness,
See Shamefully.
Scantily, scantly (not plenteously),
iisjio it'/lo? Mto.

Scantiness, scantness (narrowness,
879
SCA
SCH
want of space), <uL*i dtkat ;
Scarification,
scarifier,
(want of plenty), <3j Mlat.
Scanty (narrow, wanting amplitude), Scarify, v.
S~a dayyik ; (wanting plenty), Scarlet,
taihrit.
.
musharrit.
sharrat.
kirmizl. See Eed.
Scatter,
-uî>
shnUat,
Mil.
See Niggardly;
farrak. See Sprinkle, disperse.
scarce.
(to be dispersed), ^ ---*"
Scantling, *. (a quantity cut off),
tashattat, ÂJ tafarrak. See
katât ; (a small piece),
Scattered.
kusrat. See Fragment.
Scape. See Escape.To scape. Scattered, ^st muntasar, jJSm*
muntiwhar, ^,M*i mundari.
See Escape.
Scapula,
kitf. See Shoulder- Scatteringly, <^r~jJj'L bila tartil,
/tllajL bila nizum.
blade.Scapulary, Jh kitfl.
Scene,
s.Ja^t manzar. See Theatre ;
Scar, *. ilj dagh.
also display, prospect.
Scar, v. cl jJ^c ômaZ <%A.
Scent (power of smelling)<ulj!ijj
Scarce (not plentiful), J-lj
kuwat ashshamat, *i shamm
^- gJwyr kaslr; (rare, not
(odor, good or bad), SaC\j rayihat.
common), jjU nadir. To be or
See Smell.
become scarce (not plentiful), Jji
Scent, v. (perceive by the nose),
leal, J-JjjU sur Mil; (rare),
*^> sham. See Smell.(to give
jjljjLa ear nadir.
To make
a scent to),îr bakhkhar. See
scarce, Jis Aa^;.
Perfume.To give to smell,
Scarce, scarcely, .\;^b bilfahid.
shammam. Scentless,
See Hardly.
mdlaho rayihat.
\mulk.
Scarceness, scarcity, ks' /taA, 5j Sceptre, K. L Ciîii ,..^ ktnlil al
t72a<. See Penury.
. - Schedule,^sjJ daftar, i*jl5 Myimat.
Scare, v. ^^jlejjps hawwal âla' , Scheme, *. (purpose), ÔjC glwad,
uJjii- khawwaf.
See Frighten.
Scarecrow, *. ^jisC takhtclfat,

Ichayal.
Juoj kasd, ^t+aA.1 in<iknud. See

Design, intention.
(project,
plan), -oJJ tadblr.
880
SCH
Schemer, *. 3&s mudabbir.
See
Projector, contriver.
Schism, Ac Jj bidiat, &JLJJ& hartakat.
See Heresy.A schismatic, <^jW&
SCO
i
MI* .i
maktab,
a wIt'til.
J- .' *_1-
[annisa.
Sciatica (hip-gout),
Science, *Lc j_t7w, ^ /ann,
hart&kl. See Heretic.Schisma-
mir/a<. See Knowledge. Prac
tical.
tical and speculative science, JLC
See Heretical.
âmall via
Scholar, . (disciple), *Lct_-JLlj

talib îlm, A_.-ij
tt//n'i:: ;
(a
nazari.
Sciences,
learned man), JU :i;//?, *^-C^
uJjU^ mai&rif, ^y.i ftinun.
Aoi?w, *.l
i '
The abstract
*c.a/fm.
The en-
sciences,
trance-money of scholars, tj>-\

^sd\ tjrat al maktab.
Scientific, scientifical,
Scholarship, .J-c îlm, *-lJ ln-.Tmi.
Scientifically, tXcl4J(
See Learning, education, study.

Scholastic,
scholastical,
^LajljjSl al tultim arriyadiyat.
Jjl! ôZa' wu/ti kawiiîd al îlm.

Scimitar, a. '_ ";- '-";.'/". See Sword.
Scintillate, t>. ^v^j iora.
Scholiast, *. ^*ui- mufastir, j-
Spark, sparkle.
See Commentator.
Scintillation, ^JJ bark.
Scholium, *. (note), <UiU- hashiyat,

jî s/'iirl/, j~*sj tafslr.
See
Commentary.
School, *. k_-ojL maktdb (plur.
i_^jULma^d<ii). Apublic school,
<L^JL4 madrasat (plur. (^JW^JL*
mad&ri).
See College.
School, . *Lc ioMam.
See
See Instruct,
teach.
Scion, . c ji far^.
See Spark.
See Twig.
Scissors, c^~ maa.

Scoff, . ^s.jSMU*J tamtukhar ;,(,';'.
^â-jl istahia'.
See Ridicule,
deride, gibe.
Scoff, . ,.C ,. ^...7 tahakkum, \ifî\
istifaa.
See Gibe, taunt, irony,
ridicule.
Scoffer, .
jsr"*'*^ mutamatlchtr,
School-boy, . t_---i-CjJj tcalad

maktab.
See Scholar.
Schoolfellow, . (JhSohoolmaster, .
Scoffing (part.), ^jf**** mustatel.

See Scoffer. Scoffingly, îf^-V
SCO
Scold,
881
SCO
c>=j- >v m&jib,

Jj^l
.
^ a;7. To score
(mark by a line),^^-) sattar.
See Reproach, re- Scorn, .L.l Ma/car, ^Jn\ ahan.
Carnal ^ttab.
vile.
See Despise, scoff.
Scolding Scorn, i;U\ Um,in I, i^lte- hakarat,
Scolding, s. <_
letter, c_)li _jj ". C^ maktul
j&s? tahklr,j&j>.\ihtikiir. See
Contempt, scoff.
Scorned, Îf-*
wwiw
muhln,
Scorner, .
Sconce, . (pensile candlestick),
muhtdkvr. See Scoffer.
^Jut-4-i iJutm-âdun. See Head, Scornfully, j
1 ihtikar.
mulct, fort.
(plur.
Scorpion, *.
Sconce, v. See Mulct, fine.
âk&rib), fern.
Scoop, *. Ojjit* magkrafat.
(fern. plur. CJ
Scoop, v. (lade out), i-J^-c gharaf;
cfliTaioi).
The constellation
(to cut hollow), i_Jjjlif- jawwaf.
Scorpio, t-jyixH-.j? JMJ^' ^
Scope (aim, intention, drift), ij>J
ôirJ. Scorpion grass, i_o ^
nlyat, Juoi ?, <X*aJL mahad,
"/ C-fl
<JjîL mafaud, (_/oyi gharad; Scoundrel, . tjj rfawi, Jh-s
Scolopendra (a kind of serpent),
(the thing aimed at), ^l. .<*>,'
i sharlr. See Villain, knave.

nishun. See Mark, butt.(free Scour, 0. (rub, in order to clean),
dom from restraint), jl .-. -i-l
,JJLe sakal, f^* masah. See
ikhtiyur. See Liberty, license ;
Scrub, polish, rub, clean, bleach.
room, space.
Scourer, *. ,JJiLs sakil, JIL sakkal.
Scorch, v. jj^s- Jiarak, t^Ll shalwat.
See Polisher
purge; scamScorched, L- ^-i~ rMxln'nn,!, To be
perer.
scorched, tjLU tashalwat.
Score, *. (line drawn), lajL-> a<r; (on account),
Awai ; (a debt), ^.j-j J <fay ;
(reason, motive), L_ y^-' sabab,
Scoured, L_ji-sr
Scourge, K. êJL makraâh, l-_aw< (plur. Isl^-)^ aswat). See
Lash, whip. (an oppressor,
tyrant), JL_Is za^m ; (pnnish
882
SCR
SCR
Scrofula, ^jjLs'ljjO^ marad al

<.ukulat,
khandzlr, *a?\j# sariijah. See
jalad. See Lash.
Scourge, v.
King's evil.Scrofulous, ^ja^&i
usus. See Spy.
Scout, s. ^
jjlxiM it'A marad al khandiir.
tajassat,
Scout, v.
Scroll, s.îJJ daftar, ^tjU kayimat.
istakhlar. See Spy, explore.
Scrotum, *. -^tsM(_/u..^ it a/
Scowl, v. See Frown, pout.
tkiief.
Scrap, .s. J_û kasrat, rUJLi) skukfat, Scrub, r. <_!&>- Aa*. To scrub
iâi kitât.
See Fragment,
one's-self, JjXsT tahakkak. See
menu,
tdtzib,
crumb, particle.
Rub, scour, clean.
Scrape, s. (perplexity), J^-*- fora/, Scrub, . (mean fellow), ij
(Jxui^ maihkal.
[Erased.
Scraped, t
Scratch, p.
mahkuk. See Scrubbed, scrubby. See Mean, vile.

Aa*.
mah(rubbed, scoured),
Scratch, .
Aai,
tai.
Screen, a.
AyaJ. A screen Scruple, .
waktn,
or riddle to sift gravel, etc.,
^1^-jj tcaswus, <_>Ljj1 irtiy&b.
Jb^c ghirbal.
See Doubt, irresolution. With
Screw, *. ,eZjJ lirghl, i-J_j! lawldb.
out a scruple, u-x-Ci.j_-^^
Scribe, s. c_-~jl k&tib (plar. <_->ls^
' ffhayr tashakkuk. A. scruple
/.-"//,//<, Ls katalai).
Scrip, . jô l.i". See Bag,
in weight (twenty grains), b^-*
tout.
purse,(a small writing), Lnjj Scruple, v. *Ji>3 tawahham, (jny^î

rukât.
tawcuwas, i_>i */;/:. See Doubt,
Scripture, &[ kilubat. See "Writing.
hesitate.
The Holy Scripture, dJJUK
Mam nilah, ^JuL^Jlu_)l^LS!
mutateaswis, --L.^w1..'- no* mal&h.
til kittib al mukaddas, i' "^'' a^
Scrupulous, ^-.-!j;j ti'ii^-i-'l -'/. tf*&>9
tawruh ; (the New Testament),
wahml.
a/iy?Z ashaharlf,
a/ c.//.i/ aljadld.
exact),
-v
See Cautious. (nice,

mudakkik,
SOUScrupulously (cautiously),
883
J_J
likol waswas,
worthless, sorry.Scurvy (dis

ease), JtJu)|jluj fastiti addam,
ST^J (JLcl askurbut.
Scutcheon, *. (juji tun. See Shield.
irtiyiil ; (exactly), iso

\jtUifiil wa tadkik.
SEA
\_kolti.
Scutiform (like a shield),

ill misl attws.
o tadkik Scuttle, a. (J--JJ zanbll. See Basket.

Scrupulousness, ^^
(a grate), ^âaJi kafas. See Lat
Scrutable, ^ts*l JjU kabil alfahs.
tice.
Scrutiny, scrutation, ^/as3 faJm,
Sea,
s.jssr bahr (plur.âsr; buhur,
t^josP tafahhus, ^~^^. bahs.
J[=fT\ abhar, jsC\ abhur). The
See Examination, investigation.
Scrutineer, scrutator, *. ^êa-Lj
fahie. See Examiner, inquirer,
searcher.
Scrutinise, e. <jLJjjJj(_^tsr'/flArts
likol tadkik. See Examine, in
quire, search. - Scrutinised,
yojff*"* mafhug. See Examined.
Scrutoire, tU-.!\-.- maktalat. See
Bureau.
ScuU. See Skull.
Sculpture, jjiJU ni*A, jS? fahr.
To sculpture, ^_sr* fahar. See
Carve, engrave.
Scum, i^j raghwat.
Scurvily (vilely), ^JLr*- c^_j 4
nawîn haklr. See Meanly, basely,
coarsely.
Scurvy (vile),^..Ji>- Aoi-Jr, ijj rfZ,
j JJill^Ji^ Aaizr al kadr, ^jtiûs-.
Ithatl*. See Mean, contemptible,
Indian or Green Sea, j^>~^\jser

bahr al akhdar, Jii^lâc7 bahr al
hind. The White or Mediter
ranean Sea, ^L-j^jSî bahr al
abyad, *jJ\jB*? bahr arrum. The
Black or Euxine Sea, JjJSljjsr;
bahr al atwad. The Persian or
Blue Sea, (j^yillyar bahr al furs,
jtasjftjssr bahr al akhdar. The
Eed Sea,j*y~y\jaZ bahr al ahmar,
*j&\jac bahr al kukum. The
Caspian Sea, jjs*\jS? bahr al
khazar. The sea of Mecca, js\
uo,jxJi\ bahr al ûrud. The
Dead Sea or sea of Lot,
bahr lut. The two seas,
al bahrln. [These will apply to
any two seas, as the East Sea
and the West, the Mediterranean
and Euxine, etc.] Sea and land,
SEA
jjjiys^ bahr v>a barr.
and land,
barran.
By sea
\j>) \jssr bahran ica

Belonging to the sea,
i_?r=^ bahrt.
SEA
884
On the sea-shore,
Sea-nymph, . _^J\cu-ô bint al

bahr, L*Ilî-ô bint alma.
Sea-port, .1. <$1~>1 atlcalat, -* mlna
(plur. ,.^ tya).
^s^HJ^-Lj lisu.hH al bahr. The
Sea-risk, -^.Sl^kr^ khatar al bahr.
ebb and flow of the sea, ,^-j.X
Sea-room, (^
,.,Lw
masiifat.
madd wajair.
Sea-breeze, *. j^\jf^Mj naslm al Sea-shell,

bahr, -jsOllyb hawu al bahr.
al bahr.
[bahr.
. y^vllt_Jju aoVi/ /
Sea-shore, sea-side.
Sea-chart, . jai&\Sej\. khdrtat
midan. >j'-_
See Sea-coast.
Sea-sickness, ys^J^yiJ <aAMA

aJ JaAr.
Sea-coast, jS^ViaJ* shaft al bahr,

^s^llJ^-L: i&hil al bahr.
[iaAr.
Sea-serpent, s. ^.':'KU^ hayyat al
See
Sea-service, jjv!\<L.X>- khidmat al

bahr.
Sea-compass, g. .'-< I'.. '-.__: kiblat
Sea-surrounded, jscAf- hatclaho
Coast.
ml ni nli, jjS'c^-iJ li<< i/l al ibrat,

i\ya*i bosola.
bahr.
See Sea-girt.
Sea-water, ^sd!l na al bahr. See
Seafaring, (L-j^sT1 bahriyah.
seafaring man, ^fjssr bahrz.
Salt-water.
Seal, .. >".<. khatm.
A seal ring,
Sea-fowl, s. i^fjseTpb tayr bahrf.
*jL>- khatim.
See ing.A
keeper of the seals, jl-^ ;-
Sea girt, j^JL1!? Is-* muhdt bilbahr.
muhrdar.
Sea-green, ^jJssr:J*3~\ akhdarbahrt.
..,'.-*-! wlr^ khatim golayman.
Sea-horse, . jS^^ji faarat al
To break or open a seal, _N_-
Sea-fight, s. i_$jBsr^> ^*. harb bahrl.
bahr. Sea-maid. See Sea-nymph,

mermaid.
[Mariner.
Seaman, *. ^jsC, bahri.
See
Sea-mark or beacon, *. ^*\!ljle

Laldmat bil bahr, i iU manSrat.
Sea-monster, . i^/3^?^;^)-*- hayteun
bahri.
The seal of Solomon,
,is:l/flM / khatm.
Seal, v. ,^jv. khatam.
Sealed, .-^- ,::u!.U>\,:i.
Sealer, *. pSJSf?^ jJl o//oz? yaktum.
Sealing-wax,
-4*-lj_^*_i thanti.
ahmar.
Seam, *. (sewing which joins the
885
SEA
edges of cloth), <&! lafkat, \
SEA
At a proper season, in season,
danat, ib\~. khiyatat.

Seam, v. <j^J lafak, jj^ doorat, L
khayyat.
Seamstress, -:. .'.L-'J.A khayyata.
waszaman al munasib. See Sea

sonably.Out of Season, jJu
tLsr* bighayr mahallihi. See
Seamy, laxsT* mukhayyat,

Unseasonably.
khiyatah. Seamless,
Season, v. (food), JjdJjJ^xJus/i,
mdhu mukhayyat.
j^Jj "<MA talayhi milh tea fulful
Sear, v. See Burn, cauterize.
wa bahdr.
See Relish. To
Sear. See Dry.
season (accustom one to any thing),
Sear-cloth. See Plaster.
JLC.Jjfi âwwad tola' ; (to become
Searce, v. JâtT nakhal. See Sift.
accustomed lo any thing),
Searce, *. ,_,lsX* munkhul (plur.
,JS-\i/ i/l 11 a 1 1 Lin I).
Seasonable, <L-L_SL-V
Search, v. jjili fattash,

istakhbar, *~i^^ bahas.
timahattihi,
See
munasib. See Proper.It is not

Examine, enquire, probe.
seasonable, AiSyftU^yi! JJb fiaza
Search, u^s^ tafahhus,
shay ma hu waktoh.
taftish, uH,<-f~ tajussus, i
Seasonableness, ^j^l
ibtihds, iLaU>1 istikhlar, eiâc^
wakt wazaman ashshay,
bahs, {jas.~ fahs. See Enquiry,
._*L-JlL^Jij munusabat wakt
examination, quest, pursuit.
ashshay.
[tea mahaJlaht.
Searcher, *. ^*- "- ^ mufattish,
Seasonably, (tLs-'jtojjj/^ u-aktihi
i^L-^~\j bdhis, â-\i fdhis. See
Seasoned (as food), *~*îjij*
Examiner, enquirer.
Searched, ^ *- mufattash.
Season (of the year), Jâ /<M/,
_.. mawsam ; (time), 'j! -*j
,.,lv, zamun. See Time.
The four seasons of the year,
OnjôsJl al fusul al arbaât.
j^JAjj marshush milh wafulful

wa bahdr ; (accustomed),
mutarabbi ala'
mudad
Seat, *. (chair, etc.), .
(plur. ^^J> karasi)
SEC
88(3
Seat, v.a. (cause to sit down), Juu
SEC
silent), yJi_~^L *dA4 irr.
secret apartment, jL>- khalwat.

See Privacy.
kaâd, (j^>- jattas.

Seaward, jS&\jsXi linahu al lahr.
Secede, v. .J-i^ ikhtala'. See Secret, .^-j jtrr (plur.jl^->! agrSr),
*j>.j^ tarlrat (plur.^j ^-> *aroyr) .
Withdraw, retire, dissent.
One in the secret, ^*Jl<t*^ ma-J.
Seceder, . ^jbje-* mukhtalt. See
Ofsir. See Confidant.
Dissenter.
Secession, Jjj,-..f.l tji-nl,
Secretary, *. t-îil^ d<t}, jl^llAjli'
khalwat, *_ --f" tajannub.
^d^t'm al asrdr.
Seclude, v. t-ffj*- haram min. See Secrete, c.^Jl*i^ Ô<IOT astir. See
Shut up, exclude.
Conceal, hide.To secrete one'sSecond, iJU sS.ni, or (jb <dnt.
self, .Jz-\ ikhtafa'. Secreted,
Second-hand (not original, not new),
^^jisr* mukhfa1. See Concealed,
hid.
Second, . (assistant),
Secretly, U-.- sirran, <Uftji- Jihafyatan,
nut. -J<1, ^î mUjMiein. See
^s~\> lilmukhfl. See Privately.
Friend.
[See Assist.
Openly and secretly, Ajlcj K^
Second, /-. iXcL: tdâd, (jj\j w&fak.
sirran wa âlaniyatan. SecretSecondarily, LJ'O samyan.
ness. See Secrecy.
Second-rate, . *_p-jJ<JL_5 <dz
Sect, . &jijirkat (plur. jy /wrai),
darafat. Second-rate, ^^(-r*
L< millat, I_--Â. nin-Ji'i'i, 2**\
*_i-jJ IM <anJ dara/jat. See
ttmmat, ''-wli' tayifat. Sects of
Secondary.
heretics, sectaries, ^j^^>- khateary.
Secrecy (privacy), Jb_-\ ikhtila,
j\, .S- khalwat. See Solitude, Sectary, . ,<-^ rd/rfi, ^^Ûkhuriji. See Follower, heretic.
retirement.(taciturnity, fidelity
to a secret), (! .vc/-///. See Section, *. ^Jîi /<w/. See Cut.
The section of a book, ,J-as /a*/,
Silence.
> jus. Through every section
Secret (private), 1^-1 irri, âS-^
#
i;h<tj'i. See Concealed, retired,
(totally, entirely),
hidden.(faithful to a secret,
min kolll wa juzi.
SEC
887
Secular,
dunydwl. See Temporal, worldly.
(centesimal), <U-jjL*(J>$ Jcol
mdyat sanat.
To secularize,
^*Jlc<d^ âmalaho Calami.
Secundine (membrane which enve
lopes the child in the womb),jj*l3
tdmur. See Membrane.
Secure (free from danger or fear ;
safe), Jills'* iiinlij'i'i-, JL> xill tin;
(careless, without caution or vigi

lance), JjU ghafil.
Secure, v. (make safe), ^dai*-
SED
amn.
See Protection. (cnrcti(/<//;? lasirat,
J UA! 'AaZ. One who is security

or bail for a debt, etc., J-i^ ia/1?/,
jKi* mutakaffil. Security ar
bail, ^'uo /',//,//. See Surety.
To become security, tJ-Ûc
dr Aa/J?, jiô taka/al. See To
give bail.
sdkin, c
sakit,
Sedate,
iSLt mulayim. See Calm, quiet,
serene. Of a sedate temper*
j-Jall^jUi h&dl attabt.
Sedately, JjlAaJw bikol haduwat.
hafaxaho min, *L; sallam, ,5**hama'. See Protect.(to secure Sedateness,

haddwat. See
habas. See
in custody),
Quietness, calmness, tranquillity,
Imprison.
serenity.
Secured (from oppression, etc.), Sedentary, ,_jjib hddl, Ju*i Aattirf.
Sedentariness, J^xJi Jen -.rid.
*L** miuallam. See Exempted,
protected.(made certain) js-* Sedition, .'cî fitnat, <L^ kawmat,
ijUac losdtcat. See Rebellion,
muhakkak. See Established.
(taken into custody), (JM^S-'*
mutiny, tumult.To excite sedi
tion,
.îj J^r âmal fitnat. See
mdhbu. See Imprisoned.
Securely (safely, without danger),
Mutiny.
bikol salumat tea Seditious, ^Û âJ, ^1 j.îf.
aman, J^>-^> bild lhatar,
âsydn. See Eebellious, mutinous.
Ljli suliman ghaniman ; (care
A seditious man, &&ii_~-t0
lessly), y --^"^.' ^'7d baslrat,
t\~j\L liili'i %ntib&h.
Seditiously,
fitnat.
Security (safety), iiL salUmat,
amaniyat, ^t! amiin, . ..!
Seditiousness,
Sedition.
xy fitnat.
See
SEE
SEE
888
Seduce, v. * JL- khada-., ji. ghar,

,_gj\ agliwa.'. See Misguide.
Seducer, s. cj^= ghawi,
mugJiawl, Ji- mudill, c
Johadda-,.
Seduced, i_Sji-^ mwtghawi.
Seducible, 9iXsU yunkhadi^.
Seduction, seducement, \ji\ ighwa,
*JJo- /,/iadiyat.
principle, root.To sow seexi,

cjj z<w. See Sow.
Seed-time,
5_!^1
Seeing (vision), f^J bamr,

nazar, (part.) j*:\i lasir,
nazir, A;',.':, mwhakid. Seeing,
seeing that, t>!t_L~
mi
o. See Since.
Sedulity, sedulousness, uUJi shaghl, Seek, v. j^/uii fattash, i^-Jii talal.
See Search, inquire, ask, solicit,
mudawamat. See Care, diligence,
labor, industry.
Sedulous, ,jCw> sa^l, J
mashghul, J^sr* mty'idd,
mudawim. See Careful, indus
trious,
[jaddin wajahd.
Sedulously, AJ-J Jcj-^JS.> likol
request.
Seeker, s. ^Juzsu* mufattish, b_JlL
talib. See Inquirer, searcher,
petitioner.
Seem, v. jô zaha/r, ^j ban. See
Appear, resemble. It seems,
^fcllall !?:::'"! In/-.
See, v. jaj nazar, i_JLi /</, ^\j

Seeming (appearance, semblance),
raa', li.S lahaz, Juili sfiilhad.
jjo tuhur; (apparent),
See Observe, look, perceive,
zdhir.
descry, discover, find, discern,
Seemingly, Lfclla zdhiran,
remark, inspect.
[Behold.
suratan, jk\-]a*?}> bi wajhin
See! JaJ\ umw, uJî thnf. See
zahir.
Seed, j^j bizr, c ^j zar^. Seed
Seemingness.
See Plausibility.
when sown, c ^J ztfr^. One seed,
habbat.
Coriander-seed, SeemKness, ..f**^^ hum, (Jl_-j>jam&l, ij\ja zarufat. See Beauty,
.*_^ habbat assaicda ;
decency, grace.
(semen genitale), >uL3 natfat,
^j^* man!. See Progeny, off Seemly (decent, becoming), c.>oiL-
spring, race, generation : original,
munasib. See Fit, proper.(de-
889
SEL
cently, becomingly),
SEM
zdtaho.
Selfish,
it
adab.
Seen (part, of M <_), ,pi_ manzur,
Selfishly, J! j_,i_
sail. Selfishness,
muhabbat azzat.
mu^dyan. To be seen,
Self-murder, <UuA}Jjlii Mtilnafsaho.
gar mamur.
Seer, .
ndztV,
mit- Selfsame, <t.>...) hi nafsihi. See
shdhid. See Spectator, prophet.
Self.
Segment, s.
Sell, v. cli 4a^.
[ing-net. Seller, *. cUo bayyat, j_ilj iay^.
Seine, .
See Merchant, trader.Selling
thabakat. See FishSeize, v.
(the act of), .-,j Jay^. Buying
mesek.
Seized, i j 4 mamsuk. To be
and selling, t_iii_.o ioy^ era
seized,
inmtuak.
shird. See Buying.
Seizure,
Semblance, A^jLiw mushdbihat. See
Seldom, jjlillj bil nadir,
Kesemblance, likeness, similitude.
Semi (in composition), u-^.i //'.-'
Select, v. i__-ocUl intakhab,
ikhtar. See Choose.
Select, selected, ^rcu* muntakhab.
Semi-circle, s. JyljuJIc-.c.s.i n<M/

adddyrat.
Selection, <_AadLil intikhal. See Seminal, ,j*ij z^rti.

Choice.
Seminary, . (ground where any
Selecter, s. i_-oU- muntakhil.
thing is planted), Z*ljj tarlât;
Self, ^jji, nafs, CJ\ J za<. Myself,
(a place of education), JL^tX*
na/I. Thyself,
madrasat. See College, school.
(fern.
nafsiJci). Semination, c y zart_. See Sowing.
Himself, herself, <Uui; nafsaho Semitone, .
naif al
(fern. '.-... naftaha). Ourselves,
lahn, >.lS-.Ui_ o-î'i nasfal makdm.
nafsunti. Yourselves, Sempiternal, i_/Jo^ fliarfZ, ,Jjl
:-^_j
w~xJ n
i.
Themselves,
The thing itmr.
Himself, herself.
*j!j dsyim,
See Eternal.
See Sempiternity. See Eternity.
Sempstress, *.
khayyatafi.
SEN
890
Senary (consisting of six),

suddsi.
Senate, . j_^*Lsr mqflis,
dltcdn %am. See Council.A
SEN
passage, *&)l<tÛJ nattjat al
kaldm. The literal sense, ,-*
4_yi! nta&na' laghawi. The idiomatical sense, *jarfL't ^-^-
senate house, ^^ dlwan.

ma^na' mattalah. To explain the
Send, v. (J-^l rZ. To send to
sense, ^1 sharah.
See Ex
one another, \-i\JJ tardsala.
plain.Sense or sensual appetite,
Sender, s. J~j^ mursil.
Senior, n. ^ shaykh (plur. ~-~j
nafsdm. See Sensuality.
thuyukh). Senior, .-. aizr. Senseless (wanting life or percep
See Elder, old.
tion), ^J*&-'bJ bild ha*. See Life
Seniority, <Li-j=ELii shaykhukhat.
less. (without understanding),
Senna(drug), li *ad. Mecca senna,
^-C.li_; ad mekke.
Se'nnight, <L_it4j>- jumât
idrtik; (without meaning), L

.JJK Wte Mfltwa'. See Foolish,
<wSu.. See "Week.

stupid.
Sense, sensation,
/irz* (pl
Senselessly (foolishly),
^^p- hawas). Internal sense
See Stupidly.
or sensation,
has latin. Senselessness, JM!!,* >XC
External sense or sensation,
See Folly, stupidity.
See Feeling. Sensibility, <LÛ>- humiyat.
External and internal sensation, Sensible (having the power of per
al has azzdhir
ceiving by the senses), iLwall&tin. The five senses, ,^^k.l
laho hdssiyal ; (perceptible by
&MtA>af\ al hatcds al khamsat.
the senses), ^HJ... f* maksut ;
Sense (intellect), *J Jahm, JJb
\j~y3 mamsus ; (wise, judicious),
c.rf/-/. See Mind, understanding.
Jjilc âkil, *-î fahlm.
See
(meaning), ,f*~ magta' (plur.
Eeasonable. (convinced, per
<JLb mi' -.tilt'/;, c,Aî. madman.
suaded), cyjlkzu; (aware),
r- \ 1-, ^ muttali-c -.ah' :
See Signification, explanation,
reason.'l'h> : sense of a speech or
j a&hir.
SEN
891
SEP
hakam,
Sensibleness. See Sense, sensibility. Sentence, v.
shara^.
See
Condemn,
decide.
Sensibly (perceptible to the senses),
) biwajhin mahsus ; Sententious, *^*- Mcrril.
Sentiment (thought), i fikr. ^y
(judiciously), A*
i (adblr. See
zann
Opinion, sense.
ably.
[See Sensible.
hdris
Sensitive, (jw^-<iJ laho hawds. Sentinel, sentry, .s.
(plur. (j^j0^ hurras),
Sensitively, it ...ilk.1
muhafis,
]aj\o~ hajiz.
naw^ al hassiyat.
mumkin
Separable,
Sensual, tJLJj nafodnl,
al iftiro.lt,. Separableness, sepa
hayioani, ^^- hassl. See Lux
imTcan
rability,
urious, lascivious.
al iftirak.
Sensualist, iîjJ zu shahical,
Separate, v. Jj^ fwrak, J^s fasal.
ijLguJLj\y&i_-->-Ltf sahib hated
See Part, to divide, break.To
nafsu.nl.
[hawa nafsdnl.
separate or be separated, J,*2&jl
Sensuality, ?<>{.-* shahwat, ^JLuAil.jSi
infcaal, ^jL+j\*> sdr mafruk,
Sensually, iîjô ifio? shahwat.
Lrj' tafarrak.
See Lasciviously, luxuriously.
Separate, separated, ,Jjj&* mafruk,
biiCtklin tea hassiyat. See Reason
Sent, J~y- Hit'wl, u_.Vr^ mabût.
Jy-i -"< mutafarrak,

munfasil,
munfarik.
Separately, ^jL^\j lil mufarrak,
!_v-L Ijo-U wahidan wuhidan,
hukm shoTil.
See Decision.
' J,j lt>,j fardan fardan.
(a saying or maxim), J^Ji awl
akwal),
(plur.
masal. Separation, tej\L* mufarakat, ^
See Send.
Sentence, s. (of a judge),
(plur. |l=-\ ahkam,
&
!#
jvrak, Aiy furkat, j]/J^ iftirak,

See Proverb.(a paragraph or
JLaiil infaal.
period, *L*s>- jwnlat. The end of
a sentence or period, las'* muhat. Separating, ôr<. J-ali /ast7.
To pronounce sentence of death, Separator, . jj/i* mufarrik.
hakam bit katl.
September,
SEQ
892
Septenary,
Septennial,
sifan.
Septentrional,
fiscated), ViJa:.) yunzabtt,

kol anli -nl.
[Northern. Sequestrated (separated from others)

(jwUl^jgj_^;'Vt mulajannib
shimah. See
a annas ; (confiscated), !_--!;.
septuagenary,
Septuagesimal,
. . \*it**,i sa
*j^j *& ,^ S.+
niinidb-.ln sanat.
Septuple, i__Uijl<Sj.Mj
SER
^^.yJJ mazbut lil mlrl ; (placed

in the hands of trustees),
bât adiaf.
Sepulchral,
mansub Sequestration (retirement),
ijtindb -.Kit ii/iitiis ;
lil kubur. A sepulchral monu
(confiscation), Li_:
ment, _vL markad. See Monu
Sequestrator, . SajUs
ment.
Sepulchre, . j kabr. See Tomb. Seraglio, .- 1_/|/-> aray.
The sepulchre of Jesus Christ, Seraph, seraphim, ,-J^L> serHflm.
kabr
See Angel. Seraphic.
See
al manh.
Angelic.
Sepulchre, v
kabar. See Bury. Serene (clear, bright, cloudless),

Sepulture. See Burial, interment.
,JL> sdfl, ,--t<s *aAi. A serene
Sequel (end), î-T akhir ; (con
sky, ,4.ltflyfe Aawd dAl. Serene
(calm, placid), _.'_*. ,- ;,/?!.
tinuation), <L!iX mudawamat,
*^J dawam, j\j*z~>\ istimrdr, Serenely (calmly), ic!j.J^.j ii'Ao/
<L]o\y muwazabat; (conclusion),
tcadaât , (without clouds, clearly)
<tjstej natljat. See Consequence.
ijls.-*tXj 4t7W sahawat.
Sequester, sequestrate, v. (to sepa Sereneness, serenity (calmness,
rate from others for the sake of
placidness), : .' jo- hadawat, <~'j,
privacy), olr_sJ ikhtala' ; (to
waduât.
place in the hands of trustees), Serjeant, *. (military), j_^L_''.;->. toada^ amanat, cJj
chaicmh ; (an ofiicer attending
j. ; (to confiscate), LU? zabat.
on judges, etc.), (^j^f- cMuntth.
Sequestrable (capable of being conSee Beadle, officer.
SER
893
Series, __ij taf, ja~> tatr. See

Order, succession.
Serious (important, not trifling),
*f muhimm ; (grave, not light
of behaviour), ^*>* muhib,
SER
sarbadal; (to be sufficient),
ii kafa'. See suffice.(to confer a favor or benefit),
ahsan Ha', ^&
Carnal khayr.
See Benefit.To serve God,
Served (attended upon), ,

Seriously (gravely),
makhdum ; (worshipped),
biwajhin muhlb ; (in earnest),
mti-.bud.
c^ bijaddin, tU-.L-v- hakikatan,
t.
45-ikjJ /iZ haklkat, ju^ljJC' Service (menial service),
Miidmat ; (a course or order of
it'M teifrf.
dishes on a table), j^LJl^SUs
Seriousness (gravity), <U..Ji ftaybat,
W ;'/> assafrah ; (religious wor
j\j water; (earnestness, atten
tion), J^-jJv _-- /arf ;a /aArf,
l*LCLb1 ihtimam.
Sermon, . li= ?'v/;r;,
Sermon, v. limi-.iiz. jj> karat.
See Preach.
Serpent, *. <sjL>- hayyat (pi. d-*Lhayyat), ^jxj\ ifâ' (plur.
ship), jLc îbddat ;
(actual
duty, place), Âi- kliudmat',

c_^^:..< mansab. See Office.
(business), ,_,lf Carnal, j*\ amr ;
(advantage), * Jo Is fHyidat, . ^ti-.
manfaât, *-ii W(?/^> 9^*2M
intif&i. See Attendance, obe
dience, employment, purpose, use,
favor, benefit.
Serrate, serrated (jagged like a saw), Serviceable (useful), Jui- mufld,
_iU a/J^; (diligent, industrious)
minshar.
jJLL mukayyad.
Servant, . *jl>. khadim, /^Jo- Serviceableness (usefulness),
khaddam. The servant of God (a
fayidat ; (diligence, industry),
proper name), <nl]\jui ^W allah.
Aj3-.Jk- yarfrf wajahd.
Serve, v. (attend as a servant), *Jka. Servile, ^. . U* w;fj.; (mean,
abject),jJi- Adi-Jr. See Slavish,
Madam ; (to stand instead of any
dependant, obsequious.
thing), ^y^L? tar itiwad, Jê
SET
894
Servilely,&- c jij binawîn hakir.

Servileness, servility, icUsI it&iat;
(meanness), i ,Uis- hak&rat. See
Slavery, servitude, dependance.
Serving-man, servitor, s. ,jl_&Khadim. See Servant.
Servitude, UJ'^-e âbudiyat.
See
Slavery, servility.
Session (sitting), (ju^- julus ; (an
assembly of magistrates, etc.),
majlis al htddh,
I/ 1" It,!.
Set, v. (to put, place,) _*PJ wada^;

(to plant), (jHji. gliaras; (to
regulate), iii nazam, k^wj-j'jj^
SET
i'ui'i cuhd^; (to show, dispky),
_^ljl athar.
one's-self to
*aj.a'. See
deavor. To
To set to (apply
anything), ^ ..i
Employ every en
set up (erect),
i_~a.' nasal. See Build, estab

lish. To set out on a journey,
yi*J!^xc,lc tazam tola' assafar.
To set up a claim, ^jj^jj^
Carnal daôa', i_JL- ît/ai,
,jcJkil inda<a'. To set at
nought, JjUo- JLJ- âwiaZ haka.rat,
Despise.To set bounds to, JJoJjjij Tiaddad al hudud. To set
(as the sun), cô^-e gharabat,
Carnal tartlb.
To set about
(apply to, make a beginning),
CU-Olfi l/Inllnii.
fr& s/ttira-..
To set aside Set (put, placed),
(reject), J; rV, ^Âi /' ;
(regular, formal), ,
(to abrogate), (_^t maha'. See
lihatal al kanun,
Repeal. To set by (regard,
esteem), jM\ ittabar. To set
hasab al l,<~i-.idah ;
(appointed,
fixed), o--v-'- wi'--!''/'/*'!'.

forth (make appear), ja\ ashar. Set, *. (complete suit of anything),
See Publish, promulgate. (to
*i'I- takim. See Suit, kind,
arrange), *zJ nnzam, c_c.qB^
species.
safsaf. To set in, Ijcjl ibtadu. Setter, *. (placer), ^\; vtadi^.
To set ofif (embellish), (j**^ Setting, f--j tcadi. See Placing.
hassan. See Decorate, adorn ; (to
The setting of the sun, ._-._^x^;*,.l I ijliurub ashsfiams.
attack), j-i^sr^1 hajam âla'.
See Assault.To set out (allot, Settle, p. (determine, fix),
Uvide), .-^ toisam ; (to publish),
rattab,
SEV
SEW
al maslahat.
See Establish. Sever, v. j^-J farak, jjj>\ ajraz,

(to fix residence in any place)
j-lajs iate^. See Separate, part,
divide, cut.
gjfrjS tawattan. See Reside.
(to subside, as the dregs of liquor). Severed, fj!aJL maJet&i, ^)j^*
LrJ-*> tufa'.
To settle one's
affairs, <ukla^c^J, rattab

masalihaho, dj I . -* I Jij nazzam
ashghalaho. To settle accounts,
C-JUuiJ J^ Carnal 6.1 hiidb.
Settled (confirmed, established,
agreed upon), JjL* mukarrar,
mafrak, jjjSL* mafruz.

Severance, j-Li kat-v jj^jl iftirak.
See Separation, partition.
Several, ^^â*) iojY? ; (many), _.i
fcwfr.
See Many.(different,
distinct), jb^ murntHz.
Severally (distinctly), jJ^V *^
mufarrak, Îjpj^lj^ /<w<fa

^y muakkad. Settled (as the
fardan, LoL* mufagsalan. See
sediments of liquor),
Separately.
musa/a', , ^J , rail.
Severe, t_i.ic ti/, Âi to?.
Settlement (residence), ,
See Rigid, austere, morose, harsh,
mak&m, ^\L makan.
cruel ; strict ; concise.(grave,
Seven, j_^, sab^, <U.M.- sabâh.
adiSf. Seven hundred, dJUj_--i

sabia mayat.
Seventeen, .*.. d
sabât âshar.
The seventeenth, _ii_'

fOihar.
Seventh, jjL) sabi^ (fern, ic
sabiiai). A seventh part, T -.ewJ^. Seventhly, loL sabiân.
Seventy, ^r^> gabtjin, .-__-jjxabiin. Anived at seventy years
of age, lU^..*,. ..ijfÛi ar
. eanah.
awful), L^^^la sdhib haylat.

See Sober, sedate. (painful,
afflictive), ^>-y* muwajji^.
Severely (harshly), I.l^J^ Ukol
saramat. See Rigidly.(pain
fully), *-=?-_ J^J likol waja^.
Severity, 'LJ<ja saramat, <uii.jic
âttam shafakat.
See Rigor,
cruelty, harshness. (gravity,
awfulness), <U.A haylat.
Sew, v. kXr>- khayyat. To sew
together, <_*! fo/i. To sew
with wide stitches (to baste)
S kashthat.
8HA
SEA
(departed spirit), JLa- khiyal.

Sewed, laJLs" mukhayyat.
To sit in the shade, to seek the
Sewer, . LlXri. khayyat. See
shade, ^fc "...^ istazal, J_i_li3
Tailor, sempstress.
tazallal.
Sewing, . <d>L- khiyatah.
Shades,
J&> %alal.
Sex, <ju>- jins. The male sex,
Shade,*. Jit o/W.
female sex, (JLj!!^,!. \r>- jins Shaded, ^- mt&allal.
al anata'.
Shadiness, J^7 zt72.
Sexagenary (sixty years old), ij^f
Shadow, . Jl? ;.-'//. The shadow
i'~-^.-j_; ^wnraho littln sanah,
of God, <dll JJe zz aÂ.
Shady, shadowy, Jili* musallil.
Sexagesimal, ^--...x.1 sittlrii. See
Shagreen, chagrin, v. (vex), -ji
Sixtieth.
\_sittatjawanib.
kahar.
L/nuk/iur.
Sexangular, t_-^-' ' ~ i>_^-- A_! /('//
Shagreened, chagrined, <~*
Sexangularly, L^jA.i.i^li ^t?'
Shake, v. (agitate), C^- harrat,
.;'/f</ tatcSyct.
uaij nafad. To shake or be
Sexennial (every six years), ii-!,j
shaken, Jmij! irta-âd, ^MJ\
0~~- /"' i'Wa< santn ; (lasting
irtaâih. See Move, agitate,
six years), tj..i,
quaver, tremble, totter, stagger,
sanzw.
weaken.
Sextuple, i__U-jl*Lj A-///I//
Shake, shaking, . i ..;>- haratal,
Shabby, ^ft- Aaiir. See Mean,
4\xjj\ irtiûd, ^\iuj\ irtii&th,
paltry.A shabby fellow, (JJ
j^j rajraj. A shake in music,
<fom. See Scoundrel.Shabbily,
<L*xj nt//ti>iut.
jgS_^^4l-__) it icajhin haklr. Shaken, cJ;=>~ midahaml..
Shabbiness, ;jU>. Jiakurat.
^jaXi^ft mwttafid.
Shade (made by the interception of Shall, f.otw;. ;!' l&zim. I shall go,
light), Jk 7/; (darkness), ûU
sulmat ; (coolness), *<3jj> bvriidat ;
(protection, shelter), i_il_-j>himayaf, ij\~a siydnat. A shad
_..'..? A'ciV/j cruA. Shall I

speak? ^J^-Uj^JjS W latin
? You shall write, *jJ
iij /nzi'm taklub.
SHA
897
SHA
Shallop, s. ^jtj sawrak, <J;Lj Shape, i\ %-v.f tana^. See Make,

form.
[Formed.
liarib.
Shallow (not deep), i__ijLi ihayif. Shaped, c. _-__:_, masnu-,. See
Shallowness (want of depth), *z Share, . (divide among others),
jj***!1! -,"<>:.' al -.I'm!,-.
lja^3~ hassat, cj_. wazza-.. See
Divide. (to partake with others),
Sham, . (trick, false pretence),
<t,^;. Jci- \ akhaz hissah, LlxîjUo
di -i-j*- hllah. See Fraud, im
posture, delusion.
Sham (counterfeit, fictitious), jjj*
muzawwar, .X.l> taklid.
Sham, v. jjj zawwar. See Cheat,
trick.
Shambles (place where butcher's
meat is sold), fe^"** maslakh.
Shame, Us*. hayd. See Disgrace,
ignominy, infamy.(bashfulness), (Îsr*" khajal. See Modesty.
Shame, v. (make ashamed),
khajjal.
Shameful, c_^..x^ ma-^yul, *,-.A,.
mmmum. See Disgraceful, in
famous, ignominious. Shame
fully, LsUdjJSo likolfadlhat.
sar shank. See Participate.

Share, s. <Uaa~ hissah, <U^J kitmat.
See Part, portion.
Shared, *yuJL maksum,
Sharer, *. (one who divides), *-JU
mukassim, fjj-" muteaszi^.
(one who participates) <Uas-<d
laho hissah, uô-i> nhnr'tk. See
Partaker.
Sharp (having a keen edge or
had.
point),
kati^,
(acute of understanding), ^J
zail, jJsL* mahir, Jj^^>- hadik.
See ingenious, witty, subtile.
(acid), jU. hud, ^^^^.U- hamud.
See Sour. (emaciated, lean),
a^z/. A sharp sword,
Shameless, L^-ij lilu, haya. Shame

fully, <_>j!l> bila adab. [hayu.
Shamelessness, Lk.lJk âdam al
Shammer, . See Cheat, impostor. Sharpen, r. ^,
Shank, jL> suk. See Leg. [Ulcer. Sharpened, ^jî*-^ ?aswu. Any
thing upon which another is
Shanker, chancre, *. -Ji karh. See
sharpened, ^j** mwann. See
Shape, JCî shakl (plur. JLLil
athkal), 'ijje surnt.
Whetstone.
SHE
898
SHI
Sharper, s.j\J*c ghaddar.

Sheep-fold, sheep-cot, ..
Sharply (acutely), jJJLejSo bikol
Aazlr.
[See Pure, clear, clean.
âkl. See Wittily, judiciously.
Sheer off, . See Retreat.Sheer.
Sharpness (keenness of edge), >5U>- Sheet, . (for a bed),
w
hdddiyat, ijo- hiddat; (acutechanhaf. A sheet of paper,
ness of understanding),
talhiyat warak.
firdsut, i!Jo- hcudkat.
See Shell, . (covering of a testaceous
Ingenuity.
animal), i_sjs_^ sadaf (plur.
Shave, v. i- halak.
I_jljusl asddf). A shell used in
Shaved, shaven, Jj^s" mahluk.
polishing, Jji^x* masked; (die
,u
external crust of anything),

Shaver, *. J>^- JuMak (plur. ^^J^
halldkin), ^ji mmayyin. See
fik assamak.
Barber.
"
Shaving, . <C-L^ Mukah.
[kdlat. Shell, i). (take out of the shell),
She, .jft AJ. She said, t^-J LJ^JS hi
j+i kashshar.
Sheaf, <Lj. Itir.niat . A sheaf of Shelled (having a shell),Û<J /.-."'<*
corn, sjjSf-junat.
Jeishr; (taken out of the shell),
Shear, v. ^jOji karad, âJ) A*s.
t mukathshar.
Shears, <jOj*L* makrad, ^ja&* mukas. Shelter, Lsr^* malju, ; (protection),
See Scissors.Shears for cutting
himayat, iL-s siydnat,
(jL*! aman. See Security.A
gold, silver, etc., <JOJSL makrad.
Shearer, s. jJsU /,-r<(i-c
place of shelter from rain, LJLiL*
Sheath, s. i_sic. ghilaf, Aî ghamd.
malta. See Asylum, refuge.
Sheathe, v. iX*i ghamad.
Sherd. See Shard, shred.
Shed, v. ^_ -.C- saiai. To shed tears, Shepherd,
ACfeiJcu-OjJ zarafat dumuâho. Shepherdess, *.
ra^fyat.
To shed blood,
Sherbet,
sharbat.
ttddam, Jn Jiarak.
Shield, .
tun.
Sheep, . t*ii ghanamat. Sheep (col Shield, v.
huma' c.an.
lectively), +*. ghcmam, ,Lc!
See Defend, protect.
aghn&m. See Cattle, flock.
Shift, v. (change place),
SHJ
899
SHO
intakal, J..a-,v'i tanakkal. See
gharik. To shipwreck,
Move, go, travel, emigrate.(to
i gharrak al markab.
change), Jjj badal; (to change Shirt, s.
i kamls (plur.
shirt or shift), <Jjuj tabaddal.
kumsan).
Shift, *. (artifice), <d.o. AzfoA. See Shiver, . (tremble with cold, etc.),
Subterfuge.(an expedient, succedaneum), Jju badal; (a re
medy), _le tt/o/.
Shilly-shally, p.^li-v! ter.
Shivering,^)ar<. (trembling),
ra/y. The shivering fit of an
ague, t>ij} bardiyah.
Shine, v. ^*J lama^, ,jji barak.
Shoal, 4.
izdihum. See Crowd.

Shine (brightness), L*j <&yd. SuuShock, *. (blow), iiXtf sadmat,
shine,
tjj* darbat ; (conflict, mutual
shams. Moonshine, -*<
/ kmiutr.
impression of violence),
Shining, part, and o^'
hujum, i>jo- harb, L
mutala.ll. See Bright,
muhdrabat, ^^j waki-ât.
luminous, splendid, resplendent. Shock, v. ,Jus ladam; (shake by
Ship, . k_-S^ markab. A ship of
mutual concussion),
tasddamu.
war, ^^-t..^^* markab harbl.
Shod,
&j.*{jjl Idbis markubo.
A sailing-ship, c ^lj t-.^^ markab
A merchant-ship, k^- Shoe, *. -j-i markub, '
A wooden shoe, <_>lLJ kabkdb.
\sf markab tijari. A fire-ship,
A horse-shoe,
lâ. harrdkah. A ship's boat,
^li kdrib, j) sawrak. See Shoemaker,
i_Jl~; iakkuf, uJlSLol ia/.
Boat. The anchor of a ship,
\ ,tj\ ankord. See Anchor.
Shoot, v. (throw, dart, hurl),
rama'. To shoot off a musket or
Ship-master, *.
sahib al markab,
cannon, <^y* darab. See Fire,
rayyis al markab.
discharge, gun, cannon. To shoot
or kill with a gun, etc.), JiJi
Shipwreck, j~z gharak,
ffharaksn.
lilkuwus,
To be ehipw
xpN
SHO
900
SHO
mukhtasaran ; (soon), '._^.

kaunoa* ; (to germinate, grow up
as plants), ^ -' nabat. See
ir,
Sprout, grow.To shoot forth Shortness,
Shortsighted, ^ '- ^
ears (as corn), ^nij nafad.
annazar. Shortsightedness,
Shoot, *. (twig, tender branch), cy
_~^--'}
kusr annctoar.
far^, ypoc ghusn, \j~jC. gMrs. _
Shop, *. d>j_jU- hanut, uLj Shortwinded, shortbreathed,
^*Ai!l dayyak annafas.
dukkan (plur. ,j-&> dakakin).
A butcher's shop, tjLy^lSj Shot, *. ^j raml, -ô tarh. Shot
for fire-arms, .vw' - kiuo&t.
dukkan kassdb. A wine shop,
<S_ilacv* m'lUi i~m nli. See Tavern. Shoulder, a. (of a man),
The shoulders,
A banker's shop, i_-jl._*5..,lj
Having high or broad shoulders,
dakkan sarraf.
Shore, .jsriMJ^L sahil al bahr.
Short,
kaslr.
See Little, Show, t-. (exhibit to view),
rawa' ; (to make known), Je!
small, narrow.Short of stature,
r',:/d?/-. See Publish, proclaim.
short time, J-Jj^j^/f zaman
(to demonstrate), ^ji barfum.

See Prove.(to explain), _ _i
kalll. See Soon.Short (not

tharah ; (to tell, teach), Ac
adequate), i^.^î^.Li ghayr
iottam ; (to appear, have the
inundsib. See Defective, imper
fect.
appearance of], .ô zahar.
Shorten, v. ^03 katiar, rî ^Z Show (superficial appearance), i*<e
.<;(/, <L?-j '.;//. iLjLi kayafat;
itirnalaho kaslr, j -*~ -t-t ' ,^
tamalaho muktasar, j *er.rr*1&5
(pomp, magnificent spectacle),
tamalaho mukhtasar. See Abbre
j^> manzar,j$L* mazhar (plur.
viate, abridge, to contract, lop.
jJb&ist mazahir). See Likeness,
Shortened, ^sis- mukhtasar.
semblance, phantom.
Shortlived, ^jJ^-ai ka&lr al ûmr, Shower, i. Jo* mafar. See Rain.
Jjlj taytt, Jd fanl. See Frail. Shower, . ^tjê 6r matar. Se
Shortly (in short), V
Rain.
k
SHU
901
SHU
Showery, J^f rnumtir. See Rainy. Shuffle, v. kLi- ;l-/ia7a<. See Mix,
Showing, part, jgisi mmhir.
mingle.To shuffle (tergiverse),
Shown, jJ&Uj zahir, âjjXst m,
,Jjl- hawal, jLu taâllal, ^jfc
See Exhibited.
*_(.awwak. See Elude,' shift off.
Showy, showish, <u_^> zorlf. See
(to trick),
Elegant, splendid, brilliant, os Shuffle, s. (mixture), LLi- khalt ;
tentatious.
(an artifice), <Ju.-- /<;//(, JL.O
Shred, 8. 4xkj kitât, <UJLi shukfat,
Aoyrf. See Trick, fraud.(ter
ijM$ kisrat. See Fragment.
giversation), jLcj tu-.allul. See
To shred, Û- U'i-liJi
Subterfuge, shift.
kuta^.
Shun, f.
ihtazar min.
sahib Shunned, d JkXs-* muhtazar minhi.
Shrewd (crafty),
hilah. See Sly, cunning, (ma Shunning,
mujtanib,
licious), J _i sharir. See Bad,
dangerous, painful.
Shut, c. J-i 8rf(?, JiU ghafalc. To
Shrewdly (craftily), id-^JSlj bikol
shut up (confine), ^.jy- habas.
hilah.
[See Slyness.
See Close, confine, block up.To
Shrewdness (craftiness), t^**- hilah.
shut out, ^ti^,s~ haramaho min.
Shriek, v. <J JjiJ-f Carnal walwalat, Shut, ;w/. J^Jb^x. i/iustlud,
k^->=*îJ-f
nahlb.
... ** - Carnal
^_
Shriek, 8. 4JJ* walwalat, t^^^sC
munsad, ^^*" maghliik,

mahbus. See Imprisoned.
Shutter, . (one who shnts),
mughlik; (door), t_jlj iai.
nahlb. See Cry.

Shrimp, 8. (fish), (_^jjj^5 kraydls.
Shrink, v. (become contracted), îi Shuttle, *. (weaving instrument),
Tceir, To shrink (from danger),
k__5.- makkuk.
jjjl f-*"j *"9t laward.
Shy, LL">-- \ câ^ to *uA4 ihtiyat,
ji>--g/* nuthtiizu: See Cautious,
Shroud, 8. (winding-sheet), ^.^-^
k'.ifaii. To shroud, ^jK kaffan.
Shrouded, ,jAC mukaffan.
wary.(suspicious) *bj wahham,

U^^^^l^. tdAti !.
Shudder, c. j^^flij nafad. See Quake, Shyness (unwillingness to be fa

miliar, caution), c
shake, shiver.
902
SID
ijtinub, 5 Li.'! intibuh,
t, ,&>- fuizar, L
Timidity, reservedness.
Sibilant (hissing),
Sibilation. See Hiss.
Sick, (jaiaj^ marld,
See
saffar.
.*-i;
S1G
See Pleurisy.Both sides, (^,i
attarafln, (^fj\^\ al jdnibayn.
From side to side,

(.J^la min tarafila' taraf.
Siege, . tjt>\s* mahdtarah,
Awar. To siege. See Besiege.
Sieve, . JL^-c ghirl&l,
Sicken, t>. (grow sick),

mered,
tar marid ; (to make
sick), ijOj* marrad,
tamalaho marld.
Sickle, s. ^JjsV* manjal.
Sickliness, t_c,^ '/j/. See Sick
ness.Sickly, u-c>< </--//', See
munkhul.
Sift, . Jj^c gharbal, JacT HO/ ',-/.
A stitch in
;/i<i/ ishdrat.
inkiirnf. --'_*_-
See Separate, examine, try.

Sifter, . (Jjy- mugharbil.
Sifted, ijj/^* mugharbal.
Sigh, t-. jLssC tahassar. See La
ment, mourn.To sigh after,
M;<Z ila'. See De
Sick.
Sickness, w-v- marad, ike- -.Mat,
sire.
-^-j toaja^. See Disease, dis Sigh, *. lju*o- hasrat.
Sight, jlaj nastar, j*n basar,
temper.
Side, s. <-JjO tarof (plur. i^j\Je\
%ayn. See Eye, vietf, show,
atraf), t_^jl*- janib, \^,~irspectacle, notice, knowledge.
jani (plur. t^jj^jm,
Sighted, jO> <J laho nazar. [tifuL
jawanib, tjlxsj-1 ajnub),
Sightly, (J^-*^ jamll. See Beau=-'''''jatihat (plur. ml. ;.,.->- jahhdt), Sign, ,
isharat,
nahiyat. The right side,
ma<. See Token, wonder, miracle,
/(,'/>{/' 7 ;/i'ml,i. The
symbol, type, constellation, monu
left side, jLJli_>^9 tora/ /
ment, memorial. Signs and
yasar. The outside of the hand,
tokens, CJ^LtyijCjULuN d
Z ia/. Near the
âiamat teal ishardt.
side, by the side, close to the Sign, v. (mark), Ltic.^ Carnal
Signal, s.
8IG
903
ghanaat. See Sign.A signal

with the eye, ^c-t^s. gkamzat
Signal (eminent,
SIL
<>>steJ natijat. The evident sig
nification, i^sr^^s/cj natijat
sarlhat. The signification of the
words, ,JLdl<CULj natijat al
Mam.
mushhur, jJJJ badit, ysUi zdAr.
Signified (intimated),
See Eemarkable, conspicuous.
Signalize, t?. (make eminent), <d*
iiiii/a/tf/i'i 1,1 iiM ii r,
Signify, . (have a meaning),
aahhar. To signalize one's-self,
0#'. (to intimate, make

known),j?&. khablar, /lcl Jacl
AJ^wl ashhar nafiaho.

Signally,
ui^tfts>-ya liwajhin
alchbar.
Signifying
(having
a meaning),
masJAur.
Signature, Li<! imda. The royal
laho ma^na',
ma^nawl. See Significant.
signature, ^\ lil ..... ilLi
auult&n.
(giving notice),
mu^lim,
Signet, *ist.
j~-sr mukhablir. Signifying
/ //(!////( / illllllll.'l.
nothing, û
Significance, significancy (meaning), Silence, w^
^ji*^* ma^na'. See Signification.
mm fit.
tamt,
(importance), <L\jjja duru- Silence, r. cu^Lo sakkut.

riyat. See Energy, force.
Silent, u^Li dM, c^-.L; tu.mit,
Significant, significative (having a
tamut.
To be silent,
meaning), ^ .^..<-^ ma^nawi,
>akat, \^*~o samat. A
laho mac-na' ; (important,
silent man, K1! J-J-Ji /-.//./
momentous), *^-. muhimm,
ai kalam.Be silent, c
Significantly (with force of expres Silently, C^LiJd likol ukut,
sion), ^jia^llijfjiJSij likolkuwat
bitamt.
ahna^na'.
Silk, ji.ji>- harlr. Sewing silk
Signification, (>_5i*^ ata', t^^s^
or l^sj fahiea, tjL< tiburat,
<LM_J
mabrUrn iil khiyatah,
SIM
SIM
904
httrir maft&l. Raw silk, jJ kaz.

Unspun silk, \J kaz. Plain silk,
mushabahat.
See Resemblance,
likeness, equality, sameness.

Simile,
. J^-*J #ait/, Ji- o*<rf,
harir sadah.
-t_-.-.*-j tashblh. See Comparison.
harir. A silk
Bilk, silken,
badlih harir. Simony, LJA-lLj^jJljj iayjgarment, j>.farfrfJn J7 duniya.
[Smile.
harayrl.
Silk mercer, *.
Simper, . ^ - " tabassitm. See
J dud alharir.
Silkworm,
likol ghabawat, Simple (not compound),
Sillily, iij
lakhafat
ghayr murakkab,
J_LcaLjL=~'LXj
(single), J^ mufrad; (plain),
5.0*7.
ijL. suda; (artless, unskilful,
Silliness, jAtisLsr1 takhufat
weak in understanding), i__sLs-"
: .Li ghabawat, JJi./>>Xc ^
J*M sakhlf al iakl; (harmless,
undesigning), ia^-J iiwz^, JL.sdrfy. See Innocent, guileless.
simple, weak, helpless.Silly- Simple, . (in botany), *uL) nabat.
how. See Membrane which en
See Herb.Simples, CÂ-Jw^J
nabdtat. The knowledge of sim
velopes the child in the womb.
Silver, -t-q faddah, A. silver mine,
ples, cyUUi_MJ^ {ilm anna-j -*? * , v ^ fiia.du',1 faddah.
batat. To simple or gather sim
c_R See Stupidity, folly.

aAz/
Silly,
c..ai/.
See Foolish, trifling; harmless,
ples, CJbLi j-^/amoc. nabatat.

Quick-silver, <_>Jj zaylak.
Silver, e. (cover or ornament with Simpleton, *. Jji# bahlul, L-i-vsr"
J5*ll a/t/ii/ aZ caiZ. See Fool,
silver), ^.iJLjÛj <aZ<' i^
faddah.
\js&yigh.
trifler.
Silversmith (or goldsmith), *. j-jL> Simplicity (plainness, without cun
ning or deceit), <JLljU*J basatat :
Silvered, silvery, ^âi* mufaddad.
(without abstruseness), te*-\&-t
Similar, Jl* misl, JjU mvmatil,
tj\s muthabih, j~oj natlr. See
Like.
Similarity, similitude, <sJjLw* mu.-.,- ^
sadajat ; (without finery), j4\e

al_-j âdam tlnat; (weakness,
silliness), JJLc^Jrf ittdam âkl.
Affecting, assuming the air of
SIN
905
SIN
simplicity, ..Ji.rd!U- J^r Carnal

since,
halaho ghashim.
mt'n kadlm, tjJL mukaddaman.
Simply (without experience), jJou Sincere, JjL> d<fr, Ûi- khiilit,
^1*^*1 bi .iti/iini imtihan ; (with
See
out artifice), JLi-!,Jm_j bi
ihtiyal; (foolishly), /ASJ
J-JLc. W iin/iiHi âkl ; (solely,
Honest.(unmixed), ^
See Pure. A sincere heart,
Jbllsi..^^ kalb tuJtir. See Sin
merely), laej
cerity.
Sincerely, Ailj^jXj likol sadakat,
fa/ton, jiyi
j bikol futMlcat, J
See Entirely.-(without ad
bil
iidk,
dition), >4\jjj~c.(.pi min ghayr
bigh&yat
tiyudah.
atsidk teal ikhlat.
Simulation, \jj r*y&, *V.V* "*""
sadakat,
Sincerity,
raydh. See Dissimulation, hy
ikhlat,
pocrisy.
mSimultaneous (acting together), ^vj
i ; (existing to Sinew, .
gether), i^J\J^fard zat.
Sin, <Lk>- thatiyat. See "Wicked
ness, crime, fault.Sins, LLlaci-
jJ! habl as&iru^. See Tendon,

muscle.Sinews, (_>Uac! H-_X<I/I.
Sinewed, sinewy, i_
ithataya. Small or venial sins,
tub.
See Strong, muscular.
x.^; glAU-L khatayu âradiyah.
A. mortal sin, A-.-^xÛ^. khatiyat Sinful, Û- i-Ad<f, .JLa?* mukhattt. See Wicked, impious.
mumltah. Original sin, <ulai'I
Sinfully,
it.ii "t-j^jj^j /'//!'
.uL.--l <il khatiyat al atliyat.
sharrin tea khatiyah.
Sinfulness, Ljlks^^La- Ad?o< al
khatuya. See Sin.
,y_---^ r^* j
Sing, v. ^c. ghanna' ; (in church),
Jjj rattal, ^- salbah. To sing a
//u/t ; (from that time), cJ
funeral dirge,
ra'. To sing
_ _: J' >MMI tak al waist. Long
Sin, v. ^.V.-U a*Ate', Lkrf. c_-^J;^

irtakab khatiyat.
Since (seeing that), l^laj ttazaran,
SIN
906
SIS
Sinister (left), JU^,

l; (bad,
unfair), â^1
ghayr
salih.
See Dishonest,
Singer, s. ^** mughanril. A
iniquitous, perverse ; unlucky.
female singer, <Ui*. mughanniyah.
Sinistrously. See Unluckily, per
Singing, . Ui ghind. See Song.
versely.
Single, Jjj /arrf (plur. jLsl afrdd),
Sink, c. (in water), u-^ ghatat;
Jj>-^j wahid, iljL* mufrad. See
(to cause to sink under water),
Simple.(individual), ^py^s*
jj-lii ghattas ; (to penetrate,
makhsus. A single person (an
enter), >X8J nafad. To sink a
individual), J^-lj^^^î**' shakhi
ship, i-r'^r J^ gharrak markab.
tedhid; (an unmarried person),
See Shipwreck.To sink (as a
c-jje! a^zai. See Bachelor.
ship), Jj^c gherek. To sink a
f.
f ^.
Singly, 1 4.^5 IJî fardan fardan,
mine, > <, > nakdb. To sink
li\-^ I jo- tcdhidan wahidan.
(suppress, conceal), jft>-l oM/a'.
Singular, _vl mufrad, <x>. !j tedhid, Sinless,
^ ^ 4ori mm a?
See Single.(un
khatiyat.
common, rare), jjli wdrft'r, _i Jj Sinner, .
'Hi:!'/-,.
Anything singular or
Sip, .
mas.
[anlul.
rare, iw JJ laili-.a!, XjS(J nddirah.
Siphon, .
ktu&bat, ^_-i'
See Rarity.The singular num
!i-l.) yu khawajah.
Sir,
ber (in grammar), Jji* mufrad. Siren,
//////
to anyone in derision, <)
UX^j glianna' laho tahakkuman.
Singularity, i:Jo-j wahdat, (Uiloî Sirius,

farddniyat, J\jH>\ infirdd; (pecu
liarity), <Lgj.fl.-v khususiyat.
Sirup,
Singularize, v. Jîdi- âmalako
mufrad, J^s^JLe sayt/arraho farA.
Aa/i aZ jablar,
thatra'. See Dog-star.
jj- sharbat. Sirups,
d-'- shardbdt. A maker of
sirups,
sharalatl.
Singularly,
liwajhin Sister, .
Wife's sister,
< alb
mufrad. Sec Singly.(uncommonly),
vkht atsauyat;
(brothei-'s wife),
SIZ
907
al akh. A foster-sister, &x~aj

radlâh.
Sisterly, ou-^-' .J.-- misl al ukht.
SKI
nous matter, (_* lassak,
gharra'. See Glue.

Sceptic, s. (one who doubts of every
Sit, v. u>b>- jalas, Juci kaâd. To
thing), (jnf>f* mutawatwis.
cause or order to sit, ub>-\ ajlas.
Sceptical (full of doubt),
To sit in the middle, k-jj! I ^Â^waswatl.
Scepticism,
jalas fl al leasat. To sit oppo
waswds.
site, JjUl*(_/*ilp- ^/V-'/'-'.v muMbil. Sketch, . (a rough draft, first plan),
To sit down together,
musawwadah.
l;n-.nilfi totoa.
mahir,
Skilful,
\ka%id.
Sitter, .
j JI&. 7azii-. See Knowing, in
jalit,
Sitting, part.
telligent, expert.
Situate, situated,
Skilfully,
maJciin,
Situation (place),
thatarat toa ma^rifah.
J^^ mahall,
Skilfulness, skill, i^lki shatarah,
(plur. j_-s
maw&di^) ; (state,
Ac jtfoi, iSJ^ ma^rifah, lj\$*
dZ, JuU>
condition),
muharat. See Dexterity, know
ledge.
Six, <LL
Skilled.
See Skilful. Skilled
f.ashar.
Sixteen,
in the management of affairs,
-'i^jj-t' ."^L ~-*-\-A *ii.lu'li tajribat
Sixth, jjLi sudis. A sixth part,
.Wo.
^.J
sddisan.
Sixtieth,
Sixty,
Sixthly,
sittun,
^-i *'?.
via tadblr.
Skin, jJkS>- /'W (plur. Jjls^ jidud),
sittln.
jj kMr. See Hide, husk, bark,

membrane, leather.
[kashar.
See Skin . (slay, peel),

maslaJch,
Skinned,
makshnr.
Skinner, *.
jlis"- jul&dt.
ia. See Skinning,part. x\~> s&lilh ; .
Form, magnitude, bulk.

Size (viscous substance),
See Glue.
Size, v. (measure),
measure.(to cover with gluti
tatlM,
SLA.
908
SLA
Skirmish, t>. <_JjU- hdrab,

Slanderously,
i-ateZ. See Fight.
wa namimat.
Skirmish, s. <DoUl mukatalat.
Slash, . (wound, cut), _L; io<^.
Skirt, Jj J rfayZ, jli kanar. See
To slash, -k? !.-i.ti,: . Slashed,
Border, edge, margin.
[Scull.
See Cut,
Skull,' *. KST*?~ jumjumat. See
wounded.
Sky, a. U~j a>na, i_iU /afo. See Slave, <Xc . ai'il, i*L}b**i maml&k.
Air, heaven.A serene sky, U~i
See Servant. A female slave,
.js-te sflwjd Al. Sky-colored,
j.y- ,"!.i'!'.t. See Maid-servant.
,_>U: samdtn. See Azure.
Slah, *._'. li'.u'L. A marhle slab,
-.-,_! //'/( marmar.
Slack, . slacken (loosen),
A# ; (to grow less tense),
lY'/'f.-/ ; (to become remiss),
taghafal. See Relax, languish,
fail, flag; ease, relieve, mitigate.
Slack (not tense or compact), JJ^JE^
miihl.ii I ; (remiss), JJli ghufil.
A slave-merchant, -V. >^r.clX>
Slaver,
jLjj busak, jlj
Spittle.
Slaver, p.
or
See
Slavery, iiOj-* ^tbudiyat, jjl^-s-jl

istirkak.
See Servitude.
Slaughter, Jis A^.
Slaughter, p. (kill), JiS

(kiU
animals for food),
/<(/(/(/, Jo- hall. See BemissTo kill, slay. See Butchery.
ncss, negligence.
[munkattt.
Slaughter-house, . 4_jLr>-t_
Slain, Jji*^ makttil, J_i_L_x*
kassdb khunah, JM^t matlakh.
Slake, ti. J*- ^W. See Quench,
Slavish, JJJ swfi/,
slacken.
[See Revile.
See Servile, mean.
Slander, v. ^Jn^Sf- âyyab tala'.
Slavishly, a^.^-JLa-^cîj btnawîn
Slander, <U^f_3 namlmah. See
hatir.
[Meanness.
Calumny, reproach.
Slavishness, ijl_ii_- hakarat. See
Slanderer, *. slanderous,
muftari, ----- muthim. See Slay, . Js5 âte/. See Kill,
Calumniator, reproachful.
butcher, murder.A slayer, ,JjU
See Careless.Slackness. J-J-af
SLE
909
SLI
See Killer, murderer, Slender (slim),

waAi/ (plur. i_Jls^ nahaf), (j^j
butcher.
Sleek, .ji-s'* mujll, Jyuo* maskul.
rakik. See Thin, small, weak.
See Smooth, glossy.
Slenderly, <iUU Mnahafat, iilj.v
Sleek, v. ^-^- Jala', Jju> takal.
liii'ii/niirat. See Slightly, meanly.
Sleep, v. *lj iiiin.', jJ , rakad. To
Slenderness, islisr nahdfat, H*jj
cause to sleep, *JLi nayyam. To
rikkat.
feign sleep, wli^lp-J^ Carnal Slice, *.
- -i sharhah
hdlaho nayim. To sleep upon the
(plur. C
-) iharhdt. A slice
back, i^J l^Lj um _<i/V
i sharhat lahm.
of meat,
dahrihi.
c_'Uî - ^
Slice, .
Sleep, *jj naicm, jUj rukdd. To
l.n/li/-, tharhat sharhat. See Cut,
rouse from sleep, ,yJlcr*,\j
Divide.
am mm' annatom. See Awake,
Slide, c. fJ^-JJ taiahlak, ^j talak.
roust1.To awake from sleep,
See Slip. To fall when sliding
A^^^tfjjîfayyak min annawm.
on the ice, (jlj zalak.
Sleeper, i. +i\J nayim (fern.
Slide, s. (slippery passage), AJ^
A slider on the ice,
Sleepily, .wbjlji^* misl annayim.
mutazallik %ala'
See Lazity, stupidly.
albuz.
Sleepiness, ^^x_j naât. See
Drowsiness.
[See Wakeful. Slight (inconsiderable). ^J dun,
,-i^ saghir. See
Sleepless,
iiyik, jjUiJj halkan.
Small, superficial, trifling, worth
Sleepy,
less.(weak, unimportant, with
Sleeping, part. ,jli nayim.
out force or effect), i-^ dagf;
Sleere, . .' /./';///.< (plur.
(thin), Jf-5j raklk, *cli naîm.
akmum). Sleeved, ,
akmum. Sleeveless,
Slight silk, *.\jji_j. harlrndiim.
mdlaho akmum.
Slight paper, J^-Jj^j^j warok
Sleight (artifice)
taniah. See Skill.
(art),
raklk.
Slight (contempt, neglect),
SLI
910
ihanat,Sj\u>- hakarat. See Scorn,

superciliousness.
Slight, v. iU!,j -.final ihdnat,
jSZ*-\ ihtakar.
See Despise,
neglect.Slighted, ^l^* muhan.
Slighting, part. ^ ~ ( -r muhln.
Slightingly, <ti ls>1 J& A // / ihdnah,
jlir*.l> Ji
Mirdm.
SLO
slip of the foot, j.^
kadam. A slip of the pen, ^-^
Jj *Au kalam. A slip of the
tongue, (jLJJIjj^^LjJl^j taha
al intan min al litan. A slip
(mistake), .-- sahti., llui. Jtkata,
JJ; ;..!/('/. See Error, fault.
A slip cut or torn from the main
trunk of a tree, Jj kalam.
Slipper, *. yijSlighter, s.
Slightly (without force or strength), Slipperiness, >>_iLk.
ijJL bild kuioat. See Weakly. Slippery, ^*ui na, J^j gatt, JJj
zalal. A slippery place, tLLll^
(negligently), JUjslJij bikol
mazlakat.
ihmal.
Slightness, i -*! ' .* Ac ladam alkuwat, Slit, p. Jî Aa*, jlj /ofa*. See
*jL>-j rakhatcat. See Weakness,
Split.A slit, jUi Ai. See
thinness.(want of attention),
Split, rent, tear, cut.
JUubl ihmal. See Negligence.
Slope, v. (be oblique), Jt mal,
Sling, g. (for throwing stones), clil
insab ; (to make oblique),
nii'Uiii; (a hanging bandage for
mayil,
a broken arm, etc. ), <L \ac itsdbat ;
munsab. See
(a throw, stroke), ^tj raml,
Slant.
<->,-' ''<<//'.
Slope, sloping, *.^yA>. had&r. See
Declivity, obliqueness.Sloping,
Sling, r. cliUlljc_;^0 darab lil
hatut, Jjt* mayil,
mtiklu.^, ^tj rama'. See Throw,
munsab, .Jc^t* IKBcast.
Slip, v. (slide), jjj zalak. See
See Oblique, steep.
Slide ; to fall. (to omit or
Slope,
slopewise,
slopingly.
neglect), ^-jj-f Carnal sahu,
it insibubin. See
taghafal, . .- w*5.
Slantingly.
slip, .
Sloth, sloth fulness, Jl_jb\
SLU
911
SLY
kasal, ^ylfJ tahauntn. See Sluggard, *. ^>^ kasl&n, t_

Laziness, idleness.
sahib ihmal, J->1^ wmteSlothful, ^[f^t mutahawin, ^
kusil.
kaslan, UL_<o, muhmil, Ju
Sluggish, Jil^ mutaka.nl, J<ij
fowiaZ. See Indolent, lazy, slug
fania?, UyÛJl^JaJ batlalmashgish, slow.Slothf'ully,
rdb, (jiL^ kaslan, <OL^ foZowaA. See Lazy, slow, slothful,
indolent, idle, dull.
hawun. A slothful man,

kaslan.
Sluggishly, Jl^lj,J-^J^ 5M
See Sluggard.
Sloven, slouch, s. l\.l,r
Slovenliness, JLlsL: ghalaiat, *
-,(i.(Jani latufat,
kasalin wa ihmdl.
lazily.
Sluggishness,
See Slowly,
/latt?. See Sloth,

laziness, slowness.
'ii AXJ At ict-dam latufat.
Slumber, s. uxj naâs, *jj nawm.
Slough, . ii_a-j wahalat. See
See Sleep.
Puddle, marsh.
Slumber, v. (JiM neês. See Sleep.
Slow, <LSyLl(_5k) ia<t o^ Jiarakat;
Slur, {. (slight disgrace) *_ ~f -U;i!l,
(to anger), JLJIJyt #aiJ/ aJ
<Uw lakâh. See Blot, stain.
id/ ; (not quick or prompt), *j JLC
To cast a slur, k-ôLe âyyab,
AûJI âdlm as&urâh. See Lazy,
tarash. To slur, <UJ(J^
sluggish, slothful, dull, inactive,
Carnal fihi âyb. See
dilatory.
Stain, soil, calumniate.
Slowly, * 1 y^j^y.^ OTJW
Sluttishness, z*j teasakh.
Slovenly, a<^. Â^ ghaliz; (adv.),
Slowness, lUûJlAJu-c âdam as- Sly.jlLt makkar, JL^ muhtul,

clAi- khadda^. See Cunning.
twâh, LLjl 'Wd, ^Lj ia^fi. See
Sluggishness, dilaforiness, pro Slyly, J\ ..".-^Jo-JCj likol
crastination, dulness, deliberation.
khidHiin wa ihtiyul,
Slubber, v. (do anything carelessly
Ukol hilah. To act slyly,
or inelegantly), Jj1
SMA
912
SME
Slyness (designing artifice),

Smaragdine, o^/J zwmMmrff.
ihtiyal, A&- hllah. See Cunning. Smart, jV=- had. See Sharp, acid,
Smack, v. (have the taste of), JL
pungent; quick, active.(acute
.J! mdl ila', tVi"....\ istattam,
of mind), jp'v>- hadik.
See
i\lr.-l istalaz. See Savor.(to
Witty, brisk, lively.
kiss), (_sr* majak.
Smart (pain), j-^r ''"''/-'r. - Âam.
Smack, *. (taste), : JO fozza<. See
See Pain.A smart fellow, ^-A>Ja
Savor, flavor(with the lips),
zarlf.
AiLs"* majkat. See Kiss. A Smartly, Ljl-1Ji.j it'io^ hdddiyat.
smack with the hand, i_jz- kaf.
See Sharply, briskly, vigorously.
Smack (a small ship),^..*^^.-^* Smartness, lj gaa, .'^.-^J faratat,
markdb saghlr. See Ship.
Ai\Jlc zarafat. See Liveliness,
Small,^L> saghlr, JJj kalll. See
quickness, briskness.
Little, minute, petty, few, slender, Smatter, v. (have a slight imperfect
knowledge), ,Â5^c.ûJ \_j_c
weak.Small in quantity, J-iS
JJjJ! kalll al iadad. A small
<Ll^ iarafashshy mtit,rifah ghayr
kamilah ; (to talk superficially or
quantity, J-Jj^l shy kalll. See
ignorantly) .;_i .*. ._î . _ .^ '
Little, particle, quantity.Small
takallam min ghayr ma^rifat.
of stature, L*\Ji]\j~ai kaslr al
kdmat, -> !^-/..-.-j' iosfr Z .'<'t<'. Smell, .- . (to have or diffuse a
smell), i^cijs^j^ laho rayihat
Great and small, jU*j^LS ii'iar
tayibat. See Scent, perfume.
wa sighar. To make small, .*
(to perceive by the nose), _
saghghii To be small, jôjê
sar saghlr.
shamm. To smell (any design),
f,^^\ istashatn. See Suspect.
Smaller, ju^ asghar. Smallest,
,x*ai\ al asghar, ^yLjwjL*! Smell (power of smelling), JrjfJ
^LuJl kuwat ashshamat, *-,'-'
asghar muyakun. See Least.
unliliiini ; (odor), iaf^j rayihat,
Small-pox, L-fj^T jadarl. Seized
c.^ J.
with the small-pox,
Smeller, . ,-Li shamim.
i.tiijail'lir.
Smelt, *->i
Smalbiess, jtj styAr.
SMI
913
SMO
Smelt, v. (melt metals), t_-^ Smoke, ^,^0 dukhkhan. (0f the

^jlx* sakab maitidin. See Melt.
color of smoke, ,Jl>- J dukhkhdni.
A Shelter, <_JJJL* mudatctcib.
Flame without smoke, lUI^LJ
Smile, v. ****j tabassam. To smile
lisdn annar. The smoke of a
^
Tx.
at ironically, *J takallah. A
furnace, ^yiJlÛi.0 dukhkhan
al furn. A vent for letting out
smoke, <Us-Jc* madkhanah. The
being troubled with smoke,
tadakhkhan.
.J bikol tabassum.
Smite, v. i>~ darab. See Strike, Smoke, v. (send forth smoke),
^p- J dakhkhan ; (to dry flesh,
beat.(to kill, %. t>.), Ji5 katal.
etc.
in smoke), Jt_j.X_icr_:i.<_s
See Blast, destroy, afflict.(to
dakhkhan kadld.
To smoke to
collide), / oLs sudam. See Dash.
bacco, Ûl-Jcî Awri dukh
Smiter, s. <_j\& darib.
khan ; (to smell w find out),
Smitten, t_> -u- madrub. Smitten
istasham,
with love, (^j^-* Kq/i!un. To
smile, ^.n.J tabassum, /
ibtisam. Smiling, ^<rr<.
mutabassim.
Smilingly,
be smitten with love, ^fjutjê

Smoked, .._r^ji_,< madakhkhan.
sar maftun.
Smoked flesh, Jo AJs forfzrf. To be
Smith, *. (especially a blacksmith),
smoked, ..ii-jJ tadakhkhan.
Jik\- hadddd.
A. locksmith,
Jui kajfal. A smith that shoes Smokeless, ^li-JfUiL* ma flhi
dukhkhan.
See Farrier.
A goldsmith,
o s&yigh Smoker, *. (of tobacco), i_r^ri
^lij sharrib dukhkhan.
siyagh). A copper
(plur.
cT nahhai. A gun Smoking, part. .,^_\ mudakhkhin.
smith,
smith,
- f^*Sf^~ jakmakji, Smoky, ^p-Jb* mudakhkhan, ts
dukhkhan.
lawaridl. A smith's
horses, jlla-J litur.
forceps, <LiL*S kammusha. See Smooth (polished, glossy),

maskal, Lji-^t mujalla'.
See
Forceps. A smith's hammer,
Sleek.(not rough or unequal on
Ai^k/* matraka.
[al haddad.
Smith's shop, *. jlOkk-l^l^J dukkan
tho surface),
SNA
914
SXE
amlas.
See Level.
suddenly), (J*~& habash.
See
(mild, adulatory), J_l_a>.x_^
Snatch. To snap the fingers,
mudahliz ; (polite), i_suja sarlf
arka
(fe rn.
& zarlfat),
latif Snappish,
had al mistaj.
(fern. &..IJ toft/a*). Smooth to
See Peevish.
the palate, A_.;jJ Zazla. See Snappishly,
litharaPalatable. - Smooth - tongued,
sat al akhlaL See Peevishly.
-A-ai /osiA. See Eloquent.
Snappishness. See Peevishness.
Smooth, v. \s?- jala', Jju> sakal. Snare, s. fakh. See Noose, gin.
See Polish.(to make level), Snare, t>.
mesek lit fakh.
â***^*AL_f âmalaho musattah;
hatsh.
Snatch,
(to mollify, soften), >-i<L-l_? Snatch, w.
khataf,
âmalaho rakhu, ^ &f âmalaho
habash. See Seize.To snatch
layyin.
greedily (as a starving man),
Smoothness (polish), JlLe a^d?,
habash.
5Le>- yte ; (evenness of surface), Snatched, ^<^ mahbuth.
-r3*^ tasattuh; (gentleness of Snatcher, . jjiula h&lisJt.
speech), A*.Lai fas&hat; (gen
Snatching, part. (jiuU hdbith.
tleness of manners), AiUaS latafat,
Sneak, v. (creep slily), i_i-j g0Aa/;
ii\J& zar&fat.
[Struck.
(to behave with meanness or ser
Smote, S-jj -^ * i/i<'d>'i<l>- See
vility), Sjlto-JJoJJjj tastallal
Smother, r. JHJ*- khanak. See
bikol hakarat.
Suffocate. To smother or be
Sneak, s. ,Jj rfanz.
smothered, ô^\ inkhanak.
Snack, A.o?. hissah. See Share, Sneaking, a<^'. (mean, servile, abject)
portion.
See Slavish.(niggardly), <J-^
Snail, . ^ lL>- halazun.
bakhil. See Avaricious.
Snake, . <U- hayya. See Serpent.
Snap, . j* tasar. See Break. Sneakingly (meanly), -JL- c yj
(to be broken), _uuj\ inkasar;
bmawîn haklr. Sneakingness,
(to bite), j^âc .<?; (to catch
i I\A*- fi-akarat. See Meanness.
915
SNU
SOB
. \sf~i saût.
(niggardliness), <L)L*=- khasutat,

tarna-^.
Sneer, v.
istahza'.
The snuff
of a candle, dlj .".,<Si(jyul^ ra
See Avarice.
See
aZ fatllah.
Snuff, v. (a candle),
Ridicule.
Sneer, *. sneering,
\ isiihzd
See Ridicule, derision.
/v/-i?f/ al fatllah.
-.ri.f.
Snuff-box, .
Snuffers,
duhik.
Sneeze, . (as men), ûlic iotas.
mikrdd
ashthamâh.
Snuffle, v. (speak through the nose),
Sneeze or sneezing, t. &......]ae. âtsat,
,j?cift> khankhan.
One who sneezes, ^*Lle -_<i/t'.-..
So (in like manner),
Sneezing, part. ^Jh\A -.tit/--.

Snigger, snicker, v.
c .x';Jcj hiliii-ii
See Laugh,
laugh at.
this manner), !A.(JS hakaza; (so

that), Ûyj iinawâw, îr>.
Snip, v. (cut with scissors), âs
Jiatta', ^j^^jl-c t&"
ka. See Cut.A snip (cut),

t-Lzi kithi-.; (a small piece), lULj
(indifferently),
kil-.ul.
was&it.
liwajhin mu^tadil,
See Share. To go snips,
fcofr-A^wi sar laho hissah.
See
Partake.
muta-
So and so (in this
manner), ' JcÂi azu tea azd.

Mr. so and so (a man), ^^Lj falan.
Snite, v. (blow the nose), ks-*

makhat.
See Nose.
Snivel, List-* mukhat.
Soak, v. (macerate), jJii
itdl.i/-..
To soak in, jJj /K?///, .

See Mucus.
Snore, v.jS.'* shcdhar.

Snot (mucus), \s\sr* mukhat.
Soaked, c yii^ manku^.
sdbunl.
i.
Soap, ^y^ subun.
Snow, . gjj*+ *ar
Sob, t>. JtfJ tanahhad.
A soap boiler,
Snowy, ^'** matly.
Sob, .v. Jcx; tanahhud.
Snow-cellar, . iflsr-^*
Sober (temperate),
See Check, reprimand.
Snuff (powdered tobacco),
A. vessel
in which anything is soaked,
Snow, ^r-1 <aZ; (plur.
Snub, .
So so
See Sigh.
J-^n.A.j-frJ
t^jyuyJlj zAz<? a/ W washshurb ;

(not intoxicated),
soc
916
SOJ
See Temperate, abstemious, regu Sodom (city of Lot), *._\ sadom.

Sodomia, ^J.-^ kiw&tal. Sodolar ; also grave, serious, calm.
mita, L^jJ lawicdt, ê lull.
Sober, v.
.i'tiiiilnli(i zalfid til aid washsJmrb. Sofa, *. ifcrf o/.
Soft (not hard), **ij notj'm. Soft
To become sober,
i_yiJl. sar zahid al aid tcashground, LJ^_j aW.
ihurb.
Soberly, t-.yJl.^lj JljccljL
Soft, Ij^jj raicaydan. See SofUy.
Soften, . (make soft), ^^13 layyan,

l bil akl uxutuhurb,
,1] ALf âmalaho layyin ; to be
bikol kanaâh. See
come less hard), -.rjlj tahtyyan,
Temperately.
.jIljLtf sar layyin.
Soberness, sobriety, t
Softener, . (any thing which
;// r// /,-/ washshurb,
softens), ,jIL mulayym.
kanaât. See Temperance; calm Softness,
naûmaf,
ness.
layanat. See Mildness, meekness,
Sociable, social, (_._-- Ln mwahib,
civility, effeminacy, pusillani
ii^j rafik. See Friendly. A
mity.
Soho,
L> yd.
social meeting,
majlis.
Soil, v. t^-^f" najjat, ^<JO da/uia*.
Sociably, aL^s- Jjj
suhbat.
See Pollute, defile, contaminate,
Sociabaess, a
itshrat,
sully,
stain ; aZso to dung, manure.
muhablat,
ittil&f,
Soil (ground, earth), ^j\ ard;
(land, country), ^>j\ ard, jL
Society, i^s'* uJtbat, <Ua-a^ balad (plur. jL itfcrf), ^.l-ij
diyar. See Country, region.
i\.t> sharakat, <L-2t shurkat,
muwanasat, j_i'uc mu- Sojourn, v. (dwell any where for a
time), *Ub~>\ ittak&m. A sojourn
See Company, part
(temporary residence), (Jj-i-^
nership, union.A religious so
mcmzal, CX^< moan. A BOciety, (__^Jct mazhab,
joumer, _slu~ musafir.
See
Sock, .
Stranger, guest, traveller.
sahdbat, <X_^LtL_< mushdrakat,
917
SOL
Solace, t>. J-j solid .
SOL
To comfort,
Solecism, s. LLc ghalat.

cheer, recreate, amuse.(to take Solely, k&i fakat. 'La\. khasatan,
l^J^j w innamu. See Singly.
comfort or amusement), ,j*-*>J
tasalla' , yi-J tafarraf.
See Solemn (grave), .tJas -.,;:.,!,/, J-lsjDivert or recreate one's self.
Solace, A .1 ....7 tasliyat, ^jLuj tamlll,

A&p nazhat, y-*-i tafarruj, \s~o
lafa. See Consolation, comfort,
pleasure, recreation. Solaced,
^jLu^* mutasalU.
Solar (of the sun), ^....^.4^1 shamsl ;
(belonging to the sun),
shamsl.
See Awful, magnificent,

grand.
Solemnity (rite, festival, rejoicing),
.-.U -.>_.,& f<fj.azt8 (plur. oUc^
a^yad) ; (gravity, awfulness),
'_.-> haybat, , '^.? cukdr. Sec
Seriousness, magnificence, gran
deur. Solemnization, J.ie^J
stir :,-"/', JL-*J ta^yld.
See
Commemoration, celebration.
Goods sold on condition of being Solemnize, . J^LS-^JÊ Jj1 âwai
tzrf muUafal. See Celebrate.
returned if faulty,jljLJl^s.'* JL
ta mukhayyar al bazar.
Solemnly (in the manner of a festi
Soldan, UaLi wâ. See Sultan.
val commemoration),
Solder, Îk. liham. To solder,
bizikrin âzlm ; (gravely, awfully),
'
\
,2. laham. See Cement, mend.
<U.J!)jXj it%o{ haybah, j\s*î
Sold, cU.
c .^,,
Soldered, f^"* malhum.
likol waJcar.
A Solicit, . ^^^^^Jl iltamae, _lk-l J^
gallant soldier, \j\~* mubariz,
7AdA âfo'. To im
Jir /'/.'/, JJils" mujahid. See
portune, entreat, ask, implore,
invite.
Hero, champion. Soldiers, .Uu
âsalctT, ^Ju*>- jayshf
Solicitation, ÛsM iltimds,
juyush.
tamannl, _'-_-^' //,
Soldiery,ji***c ^rti<w,
See Importunity, invitation.
See Army, troops, soldiers.
Solicitor, . û^.:..l . muttamw,
Sole, tijLi mufrad,
See Single, only.
Solicitous.
mutamar
to
Soldier, s. ,_.*u taskari.
918
SOL
JuJl* mukayyad, *if muhtam.
SOM
-ds assartan. The winter solstice,
See Careful, anxious, desirous.

rd* (djadl.
Solicitously, ,Uia>!_jlixc1jj Ukol Soluble (capable of being dissolved),
i^tina tea Mimam.
See Anx
mumkin al hal,
iously, carefully.
yunhal. Solubility, (jkSolicitude (anxiety), *L-_:tt>\
imkan al hal.
ihtimum, j& kadar, iiaJ saklat.
Solve, v. (make clear), Ji- hall,

See Anxiety, carefulness.
^wj la iiijmi. See Explain.
Solid, ,X4>sx* munjamid ; (firm, Solvency (ability to pay), (jl*!
massive), (jî matin. See Com
JUlllJj imkan icafa al mal.
pact, firm, strong.(real, true, Solvent (having ability to pay), c L
not superficial),
haklkl,
sdffh. See Dissolvent.
f
zatl. Of solid judgment, Solution (dissolving), (Ja- hall,
z array.
jJilscM inhilal;
Solidness, solidity, <LL salabat,
*Gli. iiiatiintd. See Firmness,
compactness, hardness, density.
(truth,
(resolution of
doubt or difficulty), J&L*J!J^

hal al mashkal.
Solutive, Jju-
[Laxative.
miuahhil. See
certainty),
Solidly (firmly, massively),

binawgin matin ; (truly),
j Sj'ioZ hafakat, U-Jy
->/<>./;/mm, .j-JiJI J>c cafe' alyakln,
See Certainly.
Solitarily,î Jia-j Jj taZa' wahdatin.
Solitariness, solitude, ijLi- Tchalwat.
A solitude (lonely place),
waMat. See Desert, privacy, re
tirement.
Solitary, J^ mvnfarid.
Solstice (of summer),
Some, j_/3*j baid. Some one, some

body, Û\ annas, âtu ba-.d,
shakhsun mil,
ahhad. Somehow, Icy
Something, somewhat,
See Little. Something, some
what (in some degree), L_z^_J
nawân ; nearly), ^jiti takribtm,
u '
;./(/.
*^ -
Sometime (once), ^ marralan.

** * i
î ""
i iLj1 ta ra In ii, LJLL
mukad-
daman. See Formerly.

Sometimes (now and then),
SON
919
SOP
^d al awkat, ULs>-'
[ba^d al mawa
of the way' (a traveller) ;

ijojl\ ibn al ard, the son of the
fi
earth' (a person unknown).
marratan ma. Son-in-law, . &a sahr. Sons-in
See Sometime, once.
law,
ashur.
Somnolency, y~*J naêa.
See Song, s. ue ghina. A funeral song,
Drowsiness.
[Drowsy.
<*---j^ marsiyat (plur.
Somnolent,
na^sun. See
Son, .
ilm,
waforf. The Sonnet, s. J^. ghmal.
a/ 4 alalibar. Sonorous, soniferous, sonorifie, ^
rannan. Sonorousness,
The son of a king,
taunt, f j
a maleJc. The son of a noble
man, Îflwjjl t'i akabir. A Soon, l0j~)
legitimate son, JJU-^1 ibnhaldl.
surât, -Jy> fdri^. Soon fading,
An illegitimate son, lijjJj wWarf
(J '}/ Mfcj^! sarl^ azsutwal.
ihyanan.
Somewhere,
Somewhile,
See Bastard.A suppositi Soot, Ji^-j sawdd, jl^sr-' shukwar.

tious son, i
See Sooty.
An adopted son,
walad Sooth, v. (ji- mallak, ^li layyan,
attabanni. An only son,
o-5j& A0<W'. See Flatter, mollify,
walad wahld. Such a one the
calm, soften.A soother, ^f
son of such a one, îsjjjîs
mumallik.
/ate wa/rf faldn. Sons, J^jl Soothsay, v. JLjt-j^ darab fdl.
awlad. The sons of Adam, ,ij
See Augur, predict.
/Jl banl adam. The sons of Soothsayer, *. Jlic-J^J darrabfal.
Israel, JAj
^j banl isrdyil.
See Augur. [Black, durk, dusky.
The Arabic
(like
j\ ibn, 'a son' booty, jjS""' mushahtcar. See

' a daughter,' Sophi (king of Persia),
^1 ai, 'a father,' 1\ amm, 'a
ninth al âjim.
mother'), is employed with ele Sophism, sophistry, <__*j-cr- Jl Jjgance in many compounds ; as,
attasawwaf.
A sophist,
ibn assabll, 'the son
See Learned man.
SOR
SOV
920
To sophisticate (adulterate), jjj Sore, sorely,

alamin wa shiddah. See Pain
zawicar. Sophisticate, sophisti
fully, vexatiously, violently.
cated (not genuine), jjj* mvtawwar. See Adulterated.Sophis Soreness (of a wound, etc.),
j'urh.
tication, (j-^J talbis. A sophisSorrel
(herb), ^lJL-a- hwnmSd,
ticator,j.^ mwawwir. [ferous.
kummayd,
Soporiferous, soporific. See SomniSorcerer, s.j>- Li sahir. See Magi Sorrily, to-Âs^jJ W wty'hin hahr.
See Meanly, poorly. Sorriness,
cian, enchanter, necromancer.
i' ,'ji^- hnkii I'i'f . See Meanness.
A sorceress, .-L> tahirah. See
Enchantress.Sorcery. jS~> sihr. Sorrow, *i gham, *!' alam. See
Grief, sadness, mourning.
Sorrowful,
|j*- magJimum, ,^jmancy.
See Sad, mournful.
Sordid (covetous), J^^ bukhil,
Sorry
(mean),
v.; haklr. See
(_^*li nakis. See Avaricious.
(mean), ^*- haklr, ^0 dun.
Vile, worthless.
See Base, vile. (dirty), ^ Sort (kind, species),
c. -' it 11 in-., (n*J kism ;
wasikh. See Nasty, slovenly.
See Enchantment, magic, necro
Sordidly (covetously), ^j-^J

JjkTj likol tamaîn wa bukhl.
See Avariciously.(meanly), J
ij\j J*jUi_. bilcol hakdrat wa
iUi.^ kayfiyat, <!Ae tifat,

mahiyat ; (manner), ij>-j wajk,
minw&l; (a class),
I, (plur. CJ
Sort,
v.
(separate
into classes), ^î
dandwat.
Sordidness (covetousness), ^ * V1
tabbak ; (arrange), ^-^j rattab ;
, ; (meanness), SJ\A- h,
(to suit or fit), c-^->\J d*a*r
(; (nastiness), ^-"j watakh.
î-Jlj wa/a/t. See Quadrate,
Sore (as a wound, etc.), rfr Jar
agree.
~*f^ makruh ; (pained in mind) Sortment, s. (sorted parcel of any
thing), pJ^s takim, <iJiJs tahafa'
s_J,ki tnuttarib. See Painful
afflicted.
Sore, . -Js karh.
[ulcer
See Wound
Sovereign (supreme in power), j

akbar,
sou
921
* ,i' akram, J^lio* mutlak. See

Supreme, absolute.
Sovereign, . ^11=1-1 sultun,
malik. See King.
Sovereignty, JlihJ istiklal, 'i
tadarat, <L>ljj rtyusat, <L
)it'kii,,i:it. See Dominion, su
SOU
(truth), <&&>- haklkat,
hakk, ^t\-'i.-:~>\ istikumat.
See
Eectitude, strength, solidity.

Soup, îî> shorbu.
[sharp.
Sour, ^^Û- hdmud. See Acid,
Sour, v. (make sour), ^joAS" ham-
mad; (to be or grow sour),

premacy,
[matlub.
^joAi*- hemed.
Sought (part, of seek), (-.'^ 1 1-n Source, Jc\ atl, j&os* masdar,
Soul, s. j^pjij n/ (plur. j^ÂJl
lj>_-^ mabdu. See Beginning,
anfui, ^yJ nw/3). My dear
commencement, origin, root.
soul, i5=>-jjV. y" rawTii. Possess
(fountain), (^!!s. t
ing a soul, {}*-! ^"'?'|i /""'/'manba^, j_o nab^,
Soulless, ^^^ ite ratcA. See
See Spring.
Spiritless.
Sourly (with acidity),
Sound (healthy), JLsaftw; (right,
bikol humudat. See Morosely,
not erroneous),
peevishly.
Sourness
(of taste), Laj+s*- humu
(free from blemish)
dat; (of temper), jjls-jMLyW
tayb.
haddiyat al akhlak. See MoroseSound *. (anything audible), t^
sawt, (;jk. /a/m.
See Voice,
noise, clamor, etc.

Sound, r. t^Jj-e satowat.
Soundly (healthily), <UilcjAs^J$o
likol sahhat wo. âfiydh. See
Lustily, stoutly, strongly.
(truly), lU-Jis-JSj bikol haklkat,
is^JCi MM sahhat, L^sLs*3
sahlhan.
Soundness
(faultlessness), <is.*
sMat; (health), iJlc
ness, peevishness.
South, s. <_>i_?- janub. South
(southern), f'.y^T janull. The
south wind, .,>^-s^^j rlh
janull. The south pole, i^^bj
ê>j^T katbjanubl. The southern
shore, tJ^js'l.Ls-lj nahiyat al
janub.
The southern quarter,

jJb taraf al janub (pi.
Jl^ atrof al janub.
Southernwood(plant), ^ââ
SPA
922
Sow, . sjJ-e*- khansureh.

Sow, v. (seed), c ij zaro^.
Sower, s. c jlj zdn'j, Hi fallah.
See Husbandman, farmer.
SPE
Spare (scarce), jJ-Jj Aafcf,

ghayr wafir. See Scanty, parsi
monious.(superfluous, not want
ed), Jj^j zuyid,
(lean),
Sown, fj marsn^. Sown seed,
rt (plur. c j tj zwru^). A Sparing (parsimonious),
; (scarce, little), JJj
sown field, & \\ sar^.
Sparingly (frugally),
Space (local extension), * --j
? tawfir ; (not abundantly),
woca<, t^s.
faihat, i^_jL,
masufat, &a~\-~i sahah, t
mldan. A. space of time,
b kalllan kalilan ; (with

abstinence), <! - tl-f ^''^|K *
v^
-^ v^
///// iitl;'.!<~i-- tea imtina^.
muddat. A long space of time,

muddat madldah, ^x.' Spark, *. (of fire), Sj~*->- jamrak,
Xj\j shararah.
burhat min azzaman.
Sparkle, s. _*! lam^. See Spark.
A short space of time,
:."i,if:i> kalil. A. space w interval, Sparkle, v. (shine, glitter),
lama-fj, (to emit sparks),
masSfat, 0,-j
^ tar ashsharur min.
Spacious, j-*-;. "'i-'.w'c.,
\je}.j tarid, ***** fasih. See Sparkling, part, and adj. t
lamaain.
"Wide, open, extensive.
Sparrow,
s.
%_a*fur (fern.
Spaciousness,
fashat,
f. âsfurat, plur. ^-j
wasât.
[ashlar).
Span, *. ^.-1 *Air (plur. jLwi!
Span, p. îJb^lji ia bishshibr. Spasm, s. \_ i-^l ^'-!^ iltiwa al
ctisab, ^*,. .,3 i<txhiniiii.
See
See Measure.
[Marcasite.
Cramp.Spasmodic, LJ*C^ *"
Spar, . IkJLijL* miirkaihlta. See
Spare, . (use frugally), J-Jj_î-
tashanmiji.
Kharaj kalll, .Jj waffar ; (to show Speak, v. *lxj takallam. To speak
to one' s- se
j takallam
mercy), ^.^c ^*^ samah ân, <_A-i
MH-,
hiililti.
See
Say,
tell, con
,J> x/nifftk afa'. To pardon,
forgive, exempt.
verse, talk, discourse, utter, men-
SPE
923
tion, pronounce, harangue, ad

dress, accost, proclaim, celebrate.
SPE
thuiusl.
See Particularly, pecu
liarly, specifically.
Specialty,
speciality, d ,^>j .n-jSpeakable (proper to bo spoken),
khiwmii/al, ^j>\s< ". -t~l ikhtisds,
.jS^V. yunhaka' ; (possible to be
Le\. khasat. See Peculiarity.
spoken), <_:.
Species,
m/, c
mumkin an yunhaka' ânnihi;
^ (plur. cly
(having the power of speech),
. (jb\J natik.
Speaker, *. *LG mutakallim.
Speaking, part. Ks- mutakallim,
(JJB\J natik.
Spear, . faf>- harba (plur. S-jJ/*hirdb), f"j rumh (plur. ~-\*j\
(plur.
jj*)l_i
ajnas).
Species and genus.

annulf-- >r id jinx. Of the same
species, ya : r^-^ji fard jitu.
Men or animals of the species,
j_/ijE'!jij! meIii<l al jins. Dif
ferent species, <LiIik-*(j*iUi>-l
ajnus mukhtaUfah.
See Sort,
armah, _Lj rumah). A short

spear, Jj^J- musrak. To brand
kind ; show, appearance.
ish (also to pierce with) a spear,
Specific, ^y nawî, ^j-*-^- /MWf,
^"jlbiJê darab birrumh. A
^yis* makhsus. See Special.
spearman, f*\j rumih, ^-^>j
Specifically, L5L
rammuh. A spear-maker, _)L>
biwajhin sharhl wa tafslll, ,
teasfi.
[watf.
Spearmint, j~-*J im-'na-.. See Mint. Specification,
Special
(particular,
peculiar), Specify, .
ôîsr^ makhsus, jjolri- AAd.
bayyan,
See Specific. (excellent, su
shark tea tafsll.
[mawsuf.
preme),
Specified, ^^-* muiayyan,
sftarif. See Extraordinary, un Specimen, *. <Ui-c ôyniyat
common.
Specially, L^3->- klmsuMin, U~L>^
Specious, jit* mughir, ju^ yughir,

ii^ surah, * v.irT< niusanna-,.
laiyamu,^fya^' ,te?j> biwajhin
See Plausible, showy, superficial.

Speciously, Jl L|^ N! U. . jj
makhsus, ôynz*- c yj linawîn
SPE
924
SPE
za/tir al hah Speciousness,^rtt>U:>

JlLl sdhir al hal.
or ideal .things, JLLjJL_>.

khayal latil.
Speculative (given to speculation),
Speck, *. <dati nuktah.
Speck, v. L&j J^ -.I'M /'I /tii.kii.t. See
^j~*\s.~t~.j\fa darrab takhamln ;
(ideal), Jl_=tv mutakhayyil,
Spot, speckle.
.Jusi- /,'.'; i'/fi/t,
-<jJbj KYf/'Ml,
Speckle, . See Speck.To speckle,
tj^laj nazart. See Visionary.
arnal t
The
speculative sciences, i_J(Ub
nuktat nlthun, ^KJjf tamal
/oî-<t_ iitiiidrif ma^nawiyah.
numra. See Spot.
Speckled, L . munakkat, L-oo.
mariku.;, r*,* munammar.
Spectacle, . (show),jlax* manzar.
Spectacles (to assist the sight),
Ljlil
Speculatively (with contemplation),

^J^'l Tj/t U^ ^1 -.jjy i /,//-;./ muluhazat tea taammul, jâjj^j bikol
tasautwur; (ideally), ^j^j,*^-^
A/ wajhin wahml.
Speculator, . (one who contem

plates), h -Ol muluhii ; (a
nuzzar), JU&luw mushu/nd C^ljUai
schemer), JuoiL*L~~-L^> *dAiJ
nazzarat.
maJtsad, ^jr.i^ --^l -^
Spectre, . JL.>jA. khayul (plur.
Spectator, s.^lclj ndzir (plur.jLlij
cyULi. Mayaluf), t*Ju^c Idytf,

-~- /".'//'.
Speculate, c. (consider attentively),
ta&awwa/r, J^*lj ia.am.inal;
(in trade), &Jj*~
~>Jf Carnal
specvlasuone. See Meditate, con
gjtarad. See Projector.

Speech (language), WLJ
*_iJ %Aa<, kJ Za/z; (a ha
rangue), -o kalam, (_.jl_k.
khitab. A part of speech (in
grammar), <UieJ lafiat,
Tcalimat. Slow of speech,
? Mam.
Speechless, ^>j=^ akJtras, . ( *\
sider, reflect.
Speculation, dfc-^H .< mulahazah,
^l-jfc*! impart,
tasawwvr,
-peeuldzlone. See
dbkam. See Dumb.
Contemplation.(scheme, plan), Speed, v. (move with celerity),
maksad,
-.KIH/-III,
gharad. Speculation of mysterious
arot. See Hasten.
SPE
925
SPI
Sperm, <uLu ',in/f"f, eî sltaJacat.
(to cause to make haste),
Sphere, s. (globe), ij> kurrah, ~ij>

iurrat, *j>- jirm. The celestial
tajjal.
Speed (quickness, celerity),
mr^nt, dLs^ âjalah, ^sf"
sphere, tlXl
See Haste, expedition, dispatch,

success.
Speedily,
surâtin wa, tagll,
Spherical, spheric, jjJn nmdawwar.

likol
See Circular, round; planetary.
Spherically, j^LlljJi^ nwZ al
J_s*~\ t-ala' wajh

lac-j sariân, ic-ij bi surât.
kurrah. Sphericalness,
tadwlr. See Roundness.
Speediness, c^> surât,
kurrah
Spherule, s.
âjalah. See Speed.
saghtrah.
Speedy,
abu al hawla' .
Sphinx,
/u?. See Quick, Spice, spiceries, CJ^l^j bahurut.
Spice, . Jlj tabbal, JjJJj^
swift, nimble.
Spell, . ^s-" ihr. Spells, *J^-c
fulfil. See Season.
-..t!-r~i.//,'/,t. To spell. See Charm, Spider, . CJyJlxc ânkabut
enchant.
Spell, v. (name the letters singly
spider's web, UUj-xi
when reading), ^gs#^ tahajja' ; Spike,

migmd.r,jy~> tayyur ;
(use proper letters in writing),
(of corn),
kamh. See Ear of corn. To
nl ini In.
spike (fasten with loiig nails),
Spelling, . (orthography), L\ mid.
j**st masmar.
Spikenard, ^JCJ^J. , : .,1 .,",> I, nI
Spend, v. (consume, waste),
saraf, -v;j>- kharaj,
talaf.
To spend money, /* kharaj,
hindi, t-^-Ul^J.^-) mmliiil attlb,
j nardln.
saraf.
Spill, P.
*J. See Shed.
imwrif. SpendSpender, .
To spill or be spilt, t_^j\ onii.
To spill blood, A.vM^â... tafak
tJirift, L_cl".-< mutlif.
Spent, l_l.^.^, masruf.
addam.
SPI
926
SPI
Spilt, -_!*j. masbub.

Spin, v. (Uc ghazal. To spin out,
(JJ1? tawwal. See Prolong, pro
tract.To spin out a discourse,
.*'. :' jaL- tawwal al kaldm.
Spinach, _"LJ itbunikh.
animal spirits, jj\j_-k-! _jj_^

arratch al haywanl. Spirit (acti
vity, briskness), bLiJ nathat.
Spinal (belonging to the back-bone),

jrjljjlit-LJ-,.-t__^5^ yakhus salsalat
azzam, jj ruh. The spirit of

tutty, Lj^sll_^j rfiA
Spirit or spirituous liquors,
aztahr. Spine, t_-~Li sw?i, J^/>J.il I khara* azzahr. See Backbone.

Spindle, . (for spinning), jjji*
maghzal (plur. ,Jil** maghazil.)
Spinner, . Jlji ghazz&l.
Spinning, *. jjli ghazl.
Spiracle, . (breathing-hole), u~s^*
manfas (plur. jj*jL^ manafii),
i (plur. i^jl^Lj^
See Sprightliness. (essence),

<JLtfl- khuliiBah. The spirit of
vitriol, JafiUl-.^!! arratch al
, Jjy: c '-,;/-, t__Jîi shardb,

muskir.
A spirit (appari
tion), JUi- khayal, iiills <dyi/.

See Ghost, spectre, hobgoblin,
demon.A man of spirit, <_^>-LjJjLs
so/d'A
&a/.
A broken
spirit, JJM* i^,,\i kalb maksur,

i_-r^"-f i__-^''' /'//' ni/'f/nrin/:-..
Spirit, f. i'Us-^li=! oô' jaraat.

Spire, . i_,l_x_. muiwrnh. See
See Animate, encourage.
Steeple, pyramid.
Spirited, j^~^ jasur, ^j>- jart.
Spirit (soul), j-jj rawA or rflA;
See Bold, brave, courageous.
(breath), (_,-" na/tu ; (magna
Spiritedness, i'\j&- jaraat. See
nimity), <UJS Mmmat,
Courage, spirit, boldness, bravery.
j&ât, i'\jp^ jaraat ; (habit, tem Spiritless (cowardly),
mutt,
jaban.
perament, constitution),
ruhanl,
See Spiritual,
nafiaril. See Immaterial, incorpo
Disposition.(genius, wit), y
<LjJ^l /;// Z mudrikat. The
real, intellectual ; holy, heavenly.
Holy Spirit, {jwJJL!!_^, rawA or Spirituality, <UJ ^jj rvhantyat,
ijjLMii nafs&niyat. Toapiritaalruh al kudus. The vital spirit,
ize, (JU-iilf lamafaho
ruh al hayah. The
SPL
927
SPO
Spiritually,
Splendid, JJur jdhl,j&\i fakhir,
biwajhin ruharii.
ji\JLi muftakhar. See Glorious,
Spirituous, ij\*-jj ruha.ni ; (ardent,
magnificent, showy, sumptuous,
active), liuJ nushet.
[ness.
resplendent.
Spissitude. See Thickness, gross- Splendidly, JL^-^J^-i likol
Spit, *. (for roasting), *~> iikh.
fakhrin wa jalal.
Spit, v. (eject from the mouth), Splendor, JL_s^- jalal, jlacLii
To spit at,
iftikhur. See Glory, magnifi
laiak -.a In'.
cence, pomp, aumptuonsness.
Spite, JJis- hakd. See Hatred, Splinter, *. AiLi shikfah. See
malevolence.In spite of,
Fragment.
I t\A mat kol haza. See Notwith Splinter, v. (shiver),
standing.
kassaraho shukaf shvkaf;
Spite, v. (treat maliciously), J^
(to be shivered), u-o_cu_&.u&
<!LiKj Carnal nakayah. See Vex,
takassar shukaf shukaf.
thwart.
[cious.
See Split.
Spiteful, JyL- hakud. See Mali- Split, . Jî
f ft * *
*.
Spitefully, <OUoj IJkto- hakdan wa
kharak. See Slit, crack, divide.
nakayatan.
(to be split),
&
Spitefulness, _w
Spitted (as meat),
See Spite.
ituhak.
AM** mu&hakkuk.
madmum lisslkh.
mukasiar, jj_i"* mttkhruk,
Spittle, ^jLaj busuk,
/*.2V munkharim, *^'-~* munjjjj issdi-, Jij <M/Z ; (before
sharim.
ejected), ^jj rlk
Splutter. See Tumult, bustle.
Spleen, . (milt),
Spoil, a. (injure). <_sj>- kharab,
(melancholy), \Jj~i saicda. See
; (lay waste, plunder),
Spite.A disease in the spleen,
JLs^ tuh&l.
Carnal gh&ra, UjoJ>f

Carnal yaghma, y_ -^ - su/ai. See
Spleenful, splenetic, (_jyoc ghadnb.

See Fretful, peevish, spiteful.
Plunder, rob. (to corrupt), Ju-il

See Mar, desolate, destroy.
sro
928
SPO
Spoil, <U-ii ghanwiah, i^lc ghurdh,
time, diversion, frolic. (con

temptuous mirth),
Sjs."**
maskhara
;
(hunting,
fishing,
salb. See Plunder.Spoils, /wî
fowling), Juj tayd.
ghanayim. See Corruption.A
spoiler (destroyer), *--js"* Sport, v. i_--**! foc.4, j^^fJJ talahha.
See Playful,
muklirib. See Eobber, plunderer j Sportful, sportive.
merry, gay, frolic.
marrer.Spoilful. See "Wasteful,
Spot, *. (mark), c \ j dagh, J U>- iAd/ ;
rapacious.
(a stain), ^C lakkeh, &MU
Spoilt (injured), t-^sr* makhrub ;
(corrupted), J^wJL* mafiiid.
Spoken (part, of speak), Ki*
mutkallam. See Speak.
Spokesman, .-. jlL-_. mutakallim.
(a taint, disgrace),
(plur. v-fj-e j.uyfii) ; (place),
^'^- makan. A white spot on
the foicheail of a horse, ^sê sabha,

Jla Ulal, 'ij& ghirrah. On the
See Speaker.
Spoliation. See Robbery, privation.
spot, JlLlJ/HAaOlU. hattan.
Sponge, rfAA->l /%> 4sajL)l isfinjah.
See Immediately.
Sponge, v. (wet with a sponge), Spot, v. (mark with spots), <ulc
-*....*_:!> 1; ,_< Jo nadda' bil isfinjah;
<dauo idUamaho
binvktah.
\j
Spotless
(free
from
spots), .c'J .-.>'-.
(to wipe out with a sponge), t_LU
^',^__1' 'j nashshaf bil isfinjah.
ma bihi lakkah; (free from re
Spongiuess, ^.ii-:sJL.-L< kh&siyat
proach), <UJ(_r~cj! lu âybflhi,
al isfinj, -,isfinj. Spongy,
muhiyat al
^JbU? tahir, i; na/tz. See Pure.

Spotted, spotty (stained), __-*;-..
malkuk.
Spontaneous, ^Liii-i ikhtiyarl, Spouse, . jj zawj (fern. As>-.J
^-xjLLSj^* m*tt /('// nafsihi.
zaivjaK), (JM^,C. ârus. See Hus
band, wife. Spousal, fjj-j
Sue Voluntary. Spontaneously,
dJjÛ it iradatihi. Spontanetazwy. See Nuptials, marriage.
ousness, jLi>-l ikhfyur.
Spoon, ;' . LO^!... ma^laka.
Sport, Lxl /j_irt<. See Play, pas
Spoused.
See Married.
Spouseless, ^-jjj^J bilu saw/.
Spout, *. (mouth or lip of a vessel),
SPR
929
iLi shtffat ashshy ; (mouth

of a pipe or vessel), ^lJl,J fum
SPR
mwitashar ; (published),
mashhur. A spreader,
nmbatsit. A spreader of
ashshy. See Pipe, siphon.A

spout or gutter for conveying
carpets, etc., ij*]ji farrash.
water, c_;h_*_. mysab (plur. Sprightliness, tL,Jl inbuilt, Js
k__-ojL* maydzlb). [îi nafar.
farah, LLiJ nasJiut, <Ls^ bahjat,
Spout, *. (as water from a fountain),
\jpj\jjj.~i surur tea ibtihaj.
Sprain, *. cia^l inkhffa^.
To
See Briskness, cheerfulness,
sprain (the arm, leg, hand, foot),
gaiety, liveliness, vivacity.The
jlacM michala^. See Twist ; to
sprightliness of youth, Sgl *. J
dislocate.
Sprained, jJsCl*
u-iLu.]! nashdt aihshabab. In
munkJtali^, i_>Jj~. munfak.
the days of sprightliness and joy,
Sprat, *. lir&.iX(^_i-J_-: sardln
LI j.:\\jj&\ *\j\ o fi ayyam al
mudakhkhan.
fa/rah wal nasMf.
Spread, t. Jk/ madd, i/*>ji farash, Sprightly,LuJ mtshit, ^(s^jS/arhan,
lx^.j /mini. See Extend, stretch.
jjju*** masrur. See Brisk, gay,
(to scatter, diffuse), -ij nashar.
airy, lively.In a sprightly man
See Strew. (to publish),
ner, l-uifiij^to-jj liwajhin nashit.
nashar, slil *Adc., ^,û^
Spring (season), ^-^j rabi^; (issue
iumalaho mashhur; (to be ex
of water, fountain),
panded or stretched), Ssyu^jLi
"-^.i manba^,
(pi. j^^c ^
vt
sSr mabsut, ,jjLij\-+3 sur

mafrush. To spread the wings,
<Sj-L-l3*uJ ia*a< jna iilni In i. To
spread on the ground,
lasat âla' al ard,
Ji\ \A farath âla' al ard.
Spread (extent, compass),
imtidad, _v. madd; (expansion),
latt. Spread (as a carpet),
mafrush ; (diffused),
.jj yanbu^ (plur.

. See Jet d'eau, source,
origin, beginning.--(a leap,
bound), <tiaj i'.i(i/ii.
Spring, t>. (as water),
To spring up, or appear,
za/iar, ^.IL tele^. See Rise,
arise.(to spring up as plants),
L^J nabat. See Grow.(to
leap, bound), ki nat, jis ia/az.
SPU
930
To spring upon (attack suddenly),

i^c.f+s?'' hajam âla'. To spring
SPY
hisan, ^La^^rs" nahar al hitan.
See Instigate, incite, urge, drive,

from a cause or motive,
goad.
tadar min. To spring a mine, Spurge, j^ji farfar.
Spurious (not genuine), jlL mu*--*& nakab.
kallad, ^_Jj Mb, See False,
Sprinkle, v. ^j rath. To sprinkle
counterfeit.(illegitimate), +\ ^~
a house with water, ^.^^\^j
har&m.
A spurious son, L.- . A.
rash al bayt. To sprinkle with
walad zina. See Eastard.
sugar, j-s
rath gukkar. See
Scatter, disperse, shed, strew, Spurn, v. (kick), kJ Mm I ; (to re
ject with contempt), **-!\.i shalof,
sow, spill.
ijl&^tJij -i!l Jî rad athshay bikol
Sprinkled, ^î^ marhnh.
ihunaf, ^[s>\ ahun. See Scorn.
Sprit. See Sprout.Sprite. See
Spurn. See Kick ; insolence, con
Spirit, demon.
tempt, scorn.
Sprout, v. uu~J nabat. See Spring
Spurrer, ,v. (one who spurs), -s-\_J
up, grow.A sprout, ~ji farkh,
;'u*^*!l_' nahir bil mihmaz. A
spurrier or spur maker, y'l -p
Spruce (neat, trim), *-JuJo zarlf.
unis mahumts.
Spruceness, <L-3\-J& zarafat. Sputter, v. (throw out spittle, etc.,
Sprucely, <Lj^ljyLjLyJj bilcol
when speaking, etc.), lij
laiafat tcazarafat.
A.iLsj tarash fl butakihi. See
Spue, v. ^JâJ natak,
Spurt.
iitafragh. See Vomit.Sphace- Spy, s. (j*j-jU>- jas&s (pi. ^s*~J\js>lus. Sec Gangrene.
jawasls). A spy over the private
Spume, v. See Froth.Spunge.
actions of others, ^>^ vf&tki
See Sponge.
(fern. <ui^. washiyah, plur. i!_t.
wjwAdA). See Informer, whis
Spur, *. jt* mihmds (plur. J~*^f
perer.To play the spy, ^.-.--^mahdmlz). The spur of a cock,
iJJo ^\\ji&> iifr addlk. To spur
a horse, c,l^ ' L^ hamas a!
tajassas,
, ,-MjL_p-.,L-^-c
Carnal
,i
' i^j~,
. i^
,
jasus. To spy or discover by the
SQU
931
eye at a distance, Jaj nazar. See

See.
Spying-glass, *. iÛaJ nazsdrah.
Squab (stuffed cushion), HA-.*-*
mukhaddah. See Cushion.(short
of stature and thick), c jJ,t
al kiimalt,
kaslr al kad. See Clumsy,
awkward.
Squabble, v.
Carnal
mundzatah. See Quarrel, wrangle.
Squabble, *.
munazaâh,
cjjj niid-,. See Brawl, quarrel.
A squabbler, <l
Wltltil al tiiirili~t7.i-.uli.
STA
Square,
murabbac.,
Square, *. (figure), j-j^* Ji-l ihakl

muralba^. A square, JUîU-Li
/ murallia-.u/t. See Area,
court, quadrangle.
[rabla^.
Square, v.
utmulalio muSquash, . (sudden fall),
ô/a' ghaflah. See
Dash, crush.
Squat (short and thick), P^
itUJI marbfii al ka/nnh. See
Squab, compact.
Squeamishness, Sjiu najrat, *\ ("-\
iitikrah, <Lb\Ji karahiyat.
Squadron, *. (of horse),

Squeamishly, j^sj J^j likol nufur,
buluk. See Troop and horse.A
Ljt>\^j likol karahiyat,
squadron of ships, tt^J^J dokarahan.
nannta.
Squeeze, v.
Squall, v. ^^J beti, CJj^ sawwat,
See Press, oppress, crush, harass.
^je tawwa', kxc tayyat.
Squall, . LLc j /y//!, <'J.!_. walwalah,
(to squeeze gently or tickle

with the fingers), ân^r totât.
Squeeze, <Uie âssah. See Com

squall of wind, *C;<t__
pression, pressure.
tidkilml rili. A squaller,
Squint,. (look obliquely),
muiayyit, L'C; lOyyat.
hawalh&laho. Squint-eyed,
Squander, . ilUi__olj'l atlafmdlaho,
oAwa;. See Oblique.
Squirrel, *. c_)UrL> sinjab.
*//". See Waste, spend.Squan Stab, v. ^sXs^Ljcj^ rforoi 4t/
dered. See Spent.
[prodigal.
khanjar, jS^ jarah. See Pierce,
Squanderer, *. See Spendthrift,
wound.
U32
STA
Stab,
darbat khanjar.
Stability, j\j> karar, Uu bate, A
dawam, CuLy -v/."7-',
Stable, . (for horses, etc.),
ittabil, jf>-\ akhur,
...<'../. ]]| ill'.
_J-'v*.
!'( .l''/.' i'
Stable, LôU wtitf. See Steady,

constant, fixed.
Stack, s. (of corn, hay, etc.), t**f
lawmat.
Stacte (gam of myrrh), <t*_~
' ''>/.ti/i. Liquid stacte, <djLi <**.,*
STA
Stagnant (motionless, not flowing),

ijj\>-j*. ghayrjurl, s_j53!j wakif.
Stagnant water, i_a_j>\.l mH
toakif.
[waJcif.
Stagnate, r. ^^^-L* ma jara', i
Stagnation, stagnancy, ^
iadam jarayan, :;- wulcvf,
<^-*Jtc âdam haraloah.
Stain, . <Ujb ln'!,-^:. \~~~c. %ayb.
See Spot, blemish.To stain,
Ju lakka^. Sec Spot, blot, de
file, discolor, disgrace.Stained,
C5*1 malkuk. Stainless,
mayâh sdyilah. See Storax.

Staff, . Lac âa. A bishop's
MM*.
iUckiizali. A Stair, . (stair-case), .j
pastoral staff,
staff with a hooked head, y;^*Jwj sallam. The stop of a stair,
chftg&n.
*s-jJ darajah. See Step.
Stag, *. (male deer), JJ/c ghcauil. Stake, . Joj watad. See Pale,
See Buck, deer.
palisade.A stake at play, 1^,-i
Stage, s. (floor raised, on which any
A<jr<, ^j raAn. See "Wager.
show is exhibited), <uLb tabakah ;
A stake for impaling men, Jf_jJ^=>(a resting-place on a journey),
khaiuk.
manzal (plur. JjLj* Stake, . (bet), Û rd*o, t^l J^
iamal short, ^j&j^^+c. Carnal rahn.
, i^^t marhalah; (a
See
"Wager.(to prop or fasten
step), <l;^) J darajah.
with posts), jlj^jJ dak aictad.
Stagger, v. y*JUj\ irtatash,
See Fence.(to empale), J/jf>tamhal, ^^-Ji tarajraj,
khawzak.
[bayit.
rq/a/. See Totter.(to be struck
with doubt), Sj . ÎtUjA-j^l Stale (old, not new or fresh), i^-jU
a&hzataho al hlrah. Sec Hesitate. Stall, s. (for cattle), i_&x* ma^laf
STA
933
STA
(plur. i__fl)lfc i/i'i.iilif).
See
addamgha.
Manger, stable.(a bench, on
Stanch
(sound, firm of principle),
which goods are exposed to sale),
. ----..f mustakim.
mafrath addukkan.
See Trusty, resolute, strong.
To stall (put in a stall),
_ HI istabl. \_fahut). Stanch, v. (stop blood), AjJI^-laJi
/."A/: addam. See Stop.
Stallion, *. Js* faU (plur. J^JK'
Stanched, c ^LL //.//.;, J. A~_.
Stamina (first principle, essence),
masdud. See Stopped.
tabiât, C^lj zat,
asl, ..~^- mahiyai. The stamina Stand, r. (be erect on the feet),
i_ailjlts kdm leakif; (to stop or
of the human body,
k&wat zatiyat.
Stamp, t\ <~r'j-f darab ; (impress
with a mark), jjULi nakash,
'In'-.. To stamp money,
darab, <^ J J </// *<Wr.
^K j *i daruhim.
See Coin ;
o/*o to pound, bray, bruise.

Stamp, . (impression), u*JiJ naksh,
halt) i_sj wakkaf; (not to fly,

to resist), *}\i kawam. To stand
opposite (front to front), t_iuj
,JjU wakkaf makdbil. To stand
one behind another, or side by
side (rank and file as an army),
\jLoJ \ antaffa. To stand amazed,
Joe" tahayyar. To stand oflf
^t. J dantgha, *^ nmn. A stamp
(avoid intimacy), ^^j. -.<1
on weights and measures de

noting their standard, ^,Lc ttydr.
itntflnatc can.
..*jtx} l>i'-,-.<u!
t,an.
c 7 (i^
*^^ c
An instrument for stamping (die),

Stamped, i__; J'.*
mankush, c
- ^.v madmugh.
To stand out (hold resolution),

j*s~i\ istamar. To stand out (to
be prominent), V~ *-\-j takaddam
labarra.
Stamped
silver (to mark its fineness),

._-..-N. .-! faddah madnugha.
An officer who stamps gold or
silver,
To stand to (ply, per
severe), iJ^-.iJc^c
jaddaho wa jahdaho,
bazal himmattaho. To stand to a
promise, 2tXcy,*lJ kdm bi
dihi. To stand in need, _
See "Want.To stand in
STA
934
awe, t_jU- khaf. To stand in

the way, -i- mana-i, (_/^|b
z.ii rut/. Stand off ! stand back !
STA
istimrar, CuLJ aidl. See Con
tinuance ; also station, rank, con
dition, competition. Of long
(CjjjCjj barrl barrl, k_cU^>-j1
standing, *-J*X_J
i'i'i'n~ HLhillf.
See Ancient.
Stand, .v. jU-~ manzal. See Sta Standish, . (for ink, etc.) AjljJ
tion, post.(a frame on which
dawwuyah (plur. C-1j'.-> r/.":vessels, etc. are placed), aJlLj
todydt), Xj?^* mahbarah. Putting
ikula. See Table; also stop,
ink in a standish, j^^ tahbir.
difficulty, interruption.To make Stanza, s. L^.-...' iay^,
a stand, j\j kdwam. To be at a
Staple, s. (emporium), ^Jcj bandar.
stand, ^j^-J^ sar hayrdn.
Standard, s. (ensign, banner), !<
'.ulit at, 1J liteu, Jj|r*> bayrdk.
To erect the standard, i_ *.n.i
^y-' nasab al bdyrak. Stand
ards, C^ltljraydl. The standard
of weights or measures, Ûc
j.tydr. To stamp measures or
weights with standard marks,
jU*!!^J damagh al îydr. Of
standard measure or weight, jLc
*L*j' t ///(</ tamam,
al
Standing, ^)ar<. *jli kuyim,
Staple commodities, ijlsxl 1 (J^y^

amw&l attijarah.
The staple of
a lock or bolt, <ul]> kallulaJi.

Star, (UjsT najmah.
The polar
star, JtfciJ! t_.j katckab atkshimdl. The morning star, <LwsT

-svâl! najmat assubh. A wan
dering star (a planet or comet,
as distinguished from a fixed
star), ^jLnUdfT' najmah sdyirah,
A...U t^n \\ annajm assayir. A.
falling star, ' ^ ^ -* shahab.
Standing (part, lasting), +A'i
planet Saturn,
The star Jupiter,
mwhterl. The star
marrikh. The star
kayim, Jjlj^-e ghayr zdyil, JU

iditi. See Settled, established,
stagnant.Standing,
zuhrah. The star

Mercury, J^lkc âtdrid. The
influences of the stars, *l
w&kif.
Matters standing so,
a Jk_&xLJ\_LJ al I* <~ilnil! haze.
The star
or
STA
935
STA
aman
tallai.
ahkdm annujum. The

ascendant of a star,
awj.
See Ascendant.The star pre
dominant at' the birth of any
person, jjU? tetli^. A fortunate
aspect of the stars, JMVJ ta^d.
The two beneficent stars (Jupiter
and Venus), ^.Aa-i sa^dm. The
two malignant stars (Saturn and
Mars), ^ . .....r-c'' nahsln. The star
of religion, ^jjljuuj said addin.
The star of the state, <>3
najm addatvlah (proper names or
khiilis. See Frantic.

Starless, prfî bild najm.
Starlight (lustre of the stars), L^
titles). Stars, *^_3T nujum,
diyd annujum.
Stare, .
annazar likol dikkat,

Stare, . (fixed look),
annazar. See
Starling.
Stare i1, 8.
-,.
tnahd, j
Stark (quite),
mutlak. See Stiff, strong, gross,
deep : full, mere, quite, simple.
Stark mad, ^^ ^^jsf* majnun
kawakil.
To rise as Star-Uke,
mill al
See Eise.
kawkal. See Bright.
To observe the stars, Iu0j rasad. Starling or stare, j)jjj
A star gazer,
munajjim, Starry, starred, _^sr nujuml.
Start, v. (spring up), Lj nat, -ij
rassdd.
See
Astronomer.
-^
nafar. To start from terror,
A star (mark of reference in a
stars,
book), &- -t" g (.aldmah, 3 \ -*'

c.
-J
isharah.
The science of the
See Tremble.To start (set out

on any pursuit), ^Lc/Lc lazam
stars, ,rs.v.!'*L: -.i/m annujum.
cWrt'. See Begin.
See Astronomy.
Starboard (right hand side of a Start, s. (quick and sudden spring),
jdnib al markab al ayman.
Starch, \j nashd.
(linen),
al ghasil.
natha.
AlzJ nattah.
Starve, v. (perish or be perishing
To starch
with hunger), c ys-l^j.
nashsha'
mat min al jut.
Starched, LUdUi flhi Starved (with hunger), ^
mayyit min al /fie ; (with
930
STA
cold),
mayyit min
al bard.
Starving, s.
win alja^.
STA
al mulk. See Throne.Ministers
of state, iSj jJ^Lcl I. ;< naddawlat.
mawt
Snatching greedily, State, v. (represent in a memorial),
as a starving man,
habash.
ârad; (arrange anything),
Starving one's-self, .
c j&\ mawwat halaho min
Stateliness,
Starvling, s. c ysM ^+ ^~^

yit min aljv.^.
may-
jalalat. See Grandeur, loftiness.

Stately, ^.^r. ûztm, j* kablr.
State (condition), JU- hul (plur.

J\j-^ fliii.'iii, ^Li than ; (sta
Stately, adv. &j&.^j bikolâzaiii" f. (iijJZi^j bikol shawkat.
tion, rank), * - ~ -* martobat,

Statesman, s. (one acquainted with
z~3j rutbat, Of?-ji} daarwjat; (the
the affairs of state), j^*^j<x
public, community, government),

&.*jLa~ hukumat, <JlLv mamlakat, .'J.J dawlat,
jj4*&\ muddbbir umur al jam-
(pomp, magnificence),
"-."inn L See Grandeur, dignity.
Station (situation where any one

is placed), ÎC. mahln, J^sr*
A state, statement, or repre

sentation, JU-î^c trtr<Z AciZ.
mahal, -~;y- mawda^.

See
Situation, post, place, position,
residence.(employment, office),
i_.<r.* mansab, <L*Ari- khidmat.
A state or account,
Affairs of state,
hisab.
umur aisaltanah,
aAwa/ aZ rnamlakah. In what
ever state it is, ^l^JLa-^Lj
Jzay /;//,/, kdn. According to
the state, Jlk.li_-v.-v7 Uhatab
al hal. A state of confusion,
hur. See Minister.
See Dignity.(rank, condition

of life), <L^y martabat, &Jij
rutbat, te>- 1J darajat. See Cha
racter. A station on an enemy's
frontier, Lljj rt'Jdtf. Stations,
JjL/ mandzil, ^t*! amukin.
Station of a railway,
kaât darl al fiadid.
ikhtOal al Ml,
ittinlb. A chair or
bed of state, tÛN
ior*i Station, r.
iayyan,
937
STA
nasab, _^j wada^
Place, appoint.
Stationary, i^jlS sdbit.
Stationed, c .J.. .;'/</,<;,
See
STE
(plur. *\s-\ ahk&m). See
Law.
Stay, v. (continue in a place, l
utakum, ^^Lj sakan,Jxi~>\ istakar.
mutaâyyin. See Placed.Horses

stationed for posting, ddz^J 1 UL=>//x//// al posta. See Post-horse.
See Dwell.To stay for (expect),

intatar. To stay (repress),
(/((/'<//, j_x iiin/in-,. See
To be stationed,
sar mated&t.,
sar
*j
mutaâyyin.
Stationer, . (seller of paper), e.Cj
jj^j bayyaîearak.
Statuary (the art of carving images),
Lc tilm hafr atmwar.
See Sculpture.A carver of sta
tues), ^LJLj nakkdsh. See
Eestrain, ohstruct, hinder.

Stay (continuance in a place) .'...'-';
ikamat.
[ous, sedate.
Stayed. See Fixed, settled : seri-
Carver.
Statue, . (human), Jli*j timsdl;
(of an idol), *^> *t'i>nui (plur.
j sdbit.
Steadfastly, steadily,
likol
sabat.
Steadfastness,
<L^-' amam), 0J
Ûjl awsan).
Stature, -\- /'.-/,/,
(plur.
**
kamat.
Of middle stature,
mutawassit al k&mat. Tall of
stature, <L_LJLJl,J_Js <awZ^
a/ iiimah. Sec Tall.A man
short of stature, <ILUJly..a3i
a/ kamah. See Dwarf.
Statute, . iJifiU kuîdah,
Jcunun (plur. ^-j
'plur. jyt\ amUr),
Stead, tjOjZ laivad, Jjj badal.

See Place.Instead of, U*Jj
âteadma.
Steadfast, steady (constant, reso
lute), *jU kayim, -f^j rasikh,
steadiness, u^lJ sabdt. See

Firmness, constancy.
Steak, *. (slice of flesh), Js.is-îi
sharhat lahtn. To broil steaks,
+*ijfti shatca' lahtn.
Steal, p. (take by theft), jjj~i sarak.
A stealer, Jjj^ *arti. See
Thief. Stealing, part. JjjLi
g'lrik.
Stealingly, liJj-aJLj
biiturkat. See Slyly, by stealth.
Stealth, JLj^j rnrkat. See Theft.
By stealtli, îi^V bilmukhfi,
938
STE
*Lj turkatan.
tinely.
Steam, ju
Steam, v.
Steamer, ,
See Clandes-
bvkhar.
arnal bukhar.
markab ndr.
Steed, *. See Horse, courser.
STE
step of promotion, <>-JF- martabat, <Uj^ rutlat, &>-j-2 darajat.
A. descending step (aho the lowest
step or degree), <Ljj darakat
(plur. cyl^, J darakat). Step by
step, fjJu/jJi kadam bikadam,
LsCjJu tadrijan.
Steel, Jiji lulad. Steely, ,_

buladi. To steel (make hard or Step, t>. j^J rfd8.
hardy), y_ - 1 -*..* 1 + âmaiaho Step-father, 8. . j^* mwoîi. A
step-mother, iJ^ mttrabbiyat.
.-.aIHi, JjJuliLikC âmalaho shadid,
A step-son, t_^ .. ^ roili. A
(.amalaho kawl.
step-daughter, .- , rabibah.
mayil.
Steep,
hawiyah.
See Sterile. See Barren.Sterility. See
Steep, 8.
Barrenness.
[clivity.
Precipice.
Sterling,
jLj]ltUi sayh al îyar.
Steepness, j
- had&r. See DeSee Genuine, standard.Pound
Steep, . tJj
, Jij
'-. See
sterling, A^.-.-.^J fir ttorllna.
Soak.
Stern (of a ship),
mu>i(intft.
Steeple, .?. 2j
matckhar al markab.
Steer. See Bullock.
Stem, . jjLja. See Stalk, trunk. Stern (severe of countenance,
; (severe of manners), ,
(family, race), Je1 o*^,
IKml, i_ .,n,'i r(.w/; ; (the fore
kasl, i'uj sarim. See Harsh,
inflexible ; nfoo hard, severe,
part of a ship), I^J*\\IJH\J rag
afflictive.
al markab.
Stench, 4jJ><ksr'j rayihah radiyah. Stew, . (fish-pond), (JjU-xLij
burkat tamak. A stew (stewed
To stench. See Stink.
meat), 15^=% ycÂnz.
Step, . (progression by one removal
of the foot), /jJ> kadam, jSa- Stew, t>. (iarc,L>s ôma/ yakhnl.
khatwat, (plur. i"_Û-L khatwut. Steward, *. ,J..Sj n-akil. See Agent.
Sec Footstep.The step of a stair
A steward of the household,
or ladder, i-jO darajat.
A
wakll al
STI
Stick, Lit ^dsa.
939
STI
See Staff, twig.
See Smother, strangle, suffocate.
Stick, v. (to adhere), ^^c-^Jj^s talak
(to conceal, suppress), (_^>-
âla', <_*~sJl ittasak, Jfj-iM iltazak.
khafa'. Stifled, J^=" makjinuk.
To stick (to be unable to move),
See
j^J leuk.
(suppressed), (>_jii'< mukhfa1.
To stick to (insist
Smothered,
suffocated.
upon anything), ^"f lah âla'.
Stigma, z. plj (/('///;, <U~ij tcasmat.
See Insist. To cause to stick,

jj " \ laisak. Stick no bills,
See Brand.To stigmatize, J^c

41 J Carnal dagh, * wasatn. See
Lsj;' i.lî^lj^ /'< tahuk aipr&k
Brand.(to render infamous),

â3 fadah. Stigmatized, brand
hand.
Stickle, v. (espouse warmly any per
son's interest), ^v^" ' i...- mesek
ed, (j-sy* maiesum ; (rendered

infamous), y^Lt mafduh.
tarafaho.
Stile (of a dial), iJlcLJlcyLc. âkrab
Sticky, ^J delek.
See Viscous,
glutinous, adhesive, etc.
[Dagger.
Stiletto, jsc^l-
Stiff, Û wai-wz, k.Li Âa/fz. See

Hard, strong,
uxxii-.nh.
khanijar.
See
4*
Still, ;. ,_jJiJ hadda.
See Quiet,
rigid. (proud,
appease.(to make silent), v
takkat.
Still, *. (quiet, calm),
inflexible, obstinate),
mutamarrid.
Stiffen, v. (make stiff),
(silent), L^^Lj
maJtin, ^\ * \
tamtt, <^Jj**o gamut ; (motion
kawi ; (to grow stiff),
less), ASSAIL* mulaho haraimh.

A still.
/lotoi.
Still, adv. (till now), U^,J1 ila'
Stiffly, IjLeJij WAoi *oteia<,

.oL.. likol in Ifinal.
Stiffness, <GLff salabat ;
See Silence, calm.
al&n.
See Hitherto.(notwith
standing), (.UCJ^tJ^j-* ^ iW
(inflexi
zalik. See Nevertheless. (ever),
bility of temper), jb* linfid.
Uj\J ddyiman, ,*!jji!! Jx ti'A;'
See Stubbornness, formality, con
addawam.
straint, harshness.
tinually.(after that), iJJbJjc
Stifle, v. Jt-cJ- khanak,
<Wr/ Aaza, (Jufc(_^c yhiIili hmta;
See Always,
con
940
STI
STI
Sting, . s^j^'u lc
(in continuance),
See Prick, pierce, pain%Stinglikol muddwamat,
less, <Lu4lL malaho shawkat.
âla' al istimrdr.
Stilled (calmed), ^"-^ muhadda' ; Stingily, Ja^j-^JJLj bOol
tamaîn via MM. See Covet
(silenced), i^. -.......- musakkat.
ously, avariciously.
Still, . stillatory (vessel for dis
bukhl.
tillation), (Jl~J\ anbik. The neck Stinginess,
bakJill, ^,JIM<.
Stingy,
latclab.
or spout of a still,
khasts. See Avaricious, covetous.
Still-born, _^L turh, \3JLt sakat.
2 rdytStink, .
See Abortion.
kablhat. See Stench.
Stillness (calmness, quietness), ; . ' _u>
Stink,
p. ^pil antan.
[Fetid.
rafiihiyat,
ha.da.wat,
in/in/. See Tranquillity, quiet. Stinking, rf/. c.-~ :/tntin. See
Stint, t>. li-s (/'.-//rt/1, Jjk- haddad,
(silence), LUX-J
j~u kaKsar, ^j^-o dayyak. Stint.
tamf.
See Limit, bound, restraint ; pro
Stilly (calmly), y.Xfej) 4*/foZ
haddicat ; (silently) tl^yLiJij
portion, allowance.-Stinted,
mahdud, \!j~ist madbut,
Stimulate, v. (to excite),
rayhghab, i_/o/>- harrad.
Incite, instigate.
Stimulated (excited), *J>j^
harrad, C-J^s"* muharrak.
Stimulation, l^c! tÂro,
makassar. [pay, pension.

See Stipend, iLi^Lc. -.n!<\fat. See Salary,
Stipendiary (receiving stipend or
salary), <LJ*xc<id laho iulufot.
-
tahrid, tlX>y=^ tahrlk,

Sting, s. i^jl t'Jrai (plur.^jl uiar)
maybar, iLy) shawkat.
See Prick. The
scorpion,
al -.akrab.
sting of a
Stiptic, stiptical, ^-if^s kulid. A

stiptic medicine, j^
kabid.
Stipulate, li shwrat,
shurut, jUj'l^^. cn
ittifdk.
See Bargain, contract.

:A(7, _
shatckat Stipulation,
(plur. ^-;j> shurut], Jji karur,
941
ST1
STO
niUidhadat, jjUj'l ittifak.

See Bargain, paction.
join.To sew with wide stitches,

b^Ji kathshat. A. stitch in the
Stir, v. (move, to agitato), cJ^pharrak, <^ r- ..Vir.l a-^ta' harakah.
side, i_^^sMdJ^J za^ aZ jani,
See Mix.(to move one's-self,

to be in motion), <&_,&- J-x
Carnal harakah, cJ .a^1 taharrak.
See Move.To stir up (to incite,
instigate), cJ^*- harrak, \~-j
raghghal. See Stimulate. To
stir up sedition, <UxLHcJ/=-
sP
*Lj^j bursam. See Pleurisy.

Stock (trunk of a tree),^s-'<t;_jj
kurmat sajar. See Trunk, block,
log, post.(a race, lineage), ^Lel
</s7, ,_L.J //.-./, I..*../' ntuai ; (a
capital in trade), JL!ljjwlj rd*
a^ mal. See Fund, store.(a

handle), JL yrf, (Uij kabda.
harrak alfitnat, ^..Jfc
. hayyaj. See Stock up, v. jJJi kala^. See Eradi
cate.A stock-jilliflower,
Sedition.
Stir (tumult, bustle),
shamakurunful.
tah, l-.i ghawghu, ixJ fitnah. Stocking, s. <_>î^- jur&b.
See Commotion, agitation, dis
turbance, sedition.
Stirrer, *. (causer of motion), _-;,
Stocks (for confining the legs),

jdak.
Stoic, s. (philosopher), ,_
rawakl, (Jjl^k^wdjjsl Kt
muhayyij, cJ^s"* muharrtk ', (one
faylasuf win ahl al ustawanah.
who is in motion), cJ^s^* K-
taharrik, ~-'-^- mutahayyaj.

Stirred (moved),
Stole, s. j\jj zimnur, (.v^ AaJ batra-
harrak ; (excited), e\i- muhayyaj,

(provoked), i_j/k*L muttarib.
Stirrup, *. u-'^; roifii (pi. ijybl^.
Stolen, .Si-xu^* masruk.
shln.
See Kobe.
Stomach, ;-.\.T. mi^dah. See Belly.
The stomach of birds.
Sec
Gizzard, crop.
rakab&t). To the imperial stirrup
Stomacher,
s.
(.. represented to the king),
oJ tnsdw
ila' rakab fta-
nzz'ra a/ a^'/fl/ ila' al awrak.
mayun.
Stitch, v. laJcl. kJtayyat, c.-Jaii

See Sew, mend, unite,
Stomachic (belonging to the sto

mach), Jui*_lJ<_^>uX mansub
U
STO
942
STO
18 mi^dah, ^Jut* miâdl. A

stomachic medicine, >Ooc.-liLj
ment.The stone of fruit, iU)

naioat, *^sc âjteah. A date-
i /m ril lil mi .1!'i.

t~
stone, js? âjwah.
Stones,
Stone, *. jJ hajar. See Rock,

pebble, gravel. A flint-stone,
j\$:\ ahjdr. The noise made by

a horse over stones, <bJk.'J dabda^\ya sameun. See Flint.The
bah. To throw stones, i__sjt>famous black stone at Mecca,
j^\ hadafahjiir,j\J\*~-!fa darab
J^J'y^ hajar al aswad. A pre
ahjur. To leave no stone uncious stone, ijkifr jawharah (pi.
turned,
arnal
j^^T jawahir). A touchstone,
jaddaho wajahdaho. See Employ
LlXs" muhak. The philosopher's
every endeavor.
stone, j*s>-1\i^~}.Q\ al kibrlt Stone in the bladder, i^:*- haswah.
Stone (made of stone), ^jS^Jiajart.
al ahmar, L*aksir. A mill-stone,
Stone, v. (beat or kill with stones),
hajar attuhun. See Mill-stone.
t>-j rajam.
[al hajar.
A stone used in paving (also a stone Stonebreak (herb),
katir
pavement), '.'--'. balutah (plur. Stone-cutler, s.j\s:>~ hajjar.
CullsiLj balatat). To pave or Stone-horse, .
strew with stones, U._ lallat,
See Stallion.
LiL,.J.^ lamalaho muballat. A Stone-pit, s. jS
mile-stone, any direction- stone on
hajar. See Quarry.
I **
a road,
mil,, *Lc
Stony, j hajar, jS^* muhjir.
tjdamah. The shining Stood (pret. of stand), I stood,
LS^-JUjUl ana wakkaft, ^_---^.. .
stone (lapis specularis talc), ^ÎSs
tatt, yOj^c-îj^ Icaickab al ard.
i__j|^ and tammlt tcdktf. He
The stone tutty, IjjJ^S Ay'ar
stood, ujuL,j^> /( ton
attutiyu. The stone which attracts
"We stood, j^wljlxJij^js
iron, ^_*I_-L.t, maghndds. Sec
tammaynu wakifin. You stood,
^
1
Loadstone, magnet.A grave
î^JAUM
< <astone or tumulus of stones over a
maytum wakifln. They stood, î
grave, <U^-j rajmat. Sec Jfonulatnmtt t
STO
943
Stool, s. ^f*j> kural.

Stoop, v. (bend forward), ,JU mdl,
-"^M inhana' ; (to yield, to be
STO
Liquid storax, lUjLiiU..^ mayâh
#iiy Huh. Indian storax, iX**.*
<)L)i.U& maycoA hindiyah. The
storax tree, j^> iabhar.

inferior), JlJu tazattal; (to con
descend), _J^j tawada^ ; (to Store (abundance), i^j kasarat.
See Plenty.A store w store
alight as a bird), ,_$^2> hawa'.
house, <Ljj 4, HJs'* mahal
Stoop, a. stooping (act of stooping),
mayl, Lacrl inhina, j
; (condescension), -<^y
f^; (fall of a bird on his
prey, on a tree, etc.), ,_y& hawl.
Stooping, part. (_SÛ munhanl.
Stop, v. (stand, cease, desist), *ljs
kSm, u_iij W0&/, e_iiiyi tawakkaf.
See Pause.(to hinder from pro
gressive motion), j^, mana-v
Ju? SUfM.
To Stop Up, Jwi 6Y/cW.
A stop, stopping (cessation of

progressive motion), u-a.,'^_j'
tawakkuf, i>^J wakuf; (stop-
See Obstruction, obstacle, impe

diment. (interruption), clkLj!
inldti'i-.. A stop or point in
writing, * U 5 ; M&, ksr*
innlti'1 . See Pause.
Stopped, stopt (hindered), c ~-
i/i inn lift-..
Stopt up, J,.v^_<
masdud, A-, munsad.
' Stopple, .;. ijl Ji_i tadada.
iStorax (gum), i_*_._^ may-.ah.
al mtinah.
Store, v. ^y mawtoan, ,e?~ âbba'.
See Hoard, furnish.
Stork, *. jJJLl laklak, JjliiJ laklak
(plur. jJUU Malik). The cry
of a stork, <LilaJ laklakat.
Stork's-bill (herb), ^\}\*jl\ ibrat
arra^l.
Storm, s. (tempest), '^-' ; -inchn.-."!,
tjj&jyi fortunah.
See Whirl
wind, hurricane,(an assault on

a fortified place), <t*Sj J-: *)^
hujum âla' kalâ. See Sedition,
tumult, violence ; calamity, dis
tress.
Storm, v. (attack a place by open
force), A*lj Jj*^6 hajam âU
Stormy (tempestuous), _ Lsr âjj&j.
A stormy sea, ^.l^Jl^sxJl al bahr
al maweaj.
Story, &la- hikayat, i.î kissah.
See History ; tale ; fable, fiction,
lie.An idle story,
STR
944
STR
hik&yat maltha ail; (a
madlk (plur. jjoLs.* tnaddyit).
floor, flight of rooms), <ULi>

tabakah. See Floor.To tell a
See Pass.(difficulty, distress),

L Jate, ^^..J rfli. See Poverty.
Straits of the sea, ^scvjlji*-
story. See Relate.A story

teller, L^.lx- hikuicuti. See
TT -/
Historian, fabulist.
Stout, ,_jj3 kawi, JjJul shadld.
See Strong, robust, brave, reso
lute ; obstinate.
Stoutly, iijjjij /)//"/ l.ini ni.
AaW al bahr, j'J ^ lugM*. The

straits of Gibraltar,
The straits of Babelmandel w Babelmandib (the gate
of tears), <_>A_il*llL_;Lj tal
Stoutness, :_- kuwat, *iXi skiddat.
al mandab.
See Strength, valour.
[stray. Straiten, v. (make narrow), ^jj^
Straggle, v. j\ dar. See "Wander.
dayyak. See Contract, confine.
Straggler, s. j\3 daiowar, jL*A\,i
(to reduce to straits or difficul
ties), iJL_: <uLc J^c c omo^ -.alayl'
malaho mukar. See Wanderer,
vagabond.
dikah. See Distress, perplex.
Straight (right, not crooked), Straitened, (jZ~i* mudayyak. To
*(*.ar.j.un mustakim, ^7^
. -- sawa\
be straited or reduced to straits,
See Upright, erect ; strait.A
A.ii.^tUJLS^Lg sr ittlay!/i dlkah.
straight line, +l~**}asa~ khatt Straitly, Aji~aJ&j bikol di&aA. Set
mustakliii. To straighten or make
Strictly, closely, intimately.
straight, ^j-i&f itimalaho satca' . Straitness, <Uu^ <ff)EA (plnr. i_^~
Straightness, >,'Ji_;l i iikantat.
rfli). See Narrowness,, closeness :
Straight, straightways, 3l>- hallan.
distress, difficulty; rigor, strict
See Immediately.
ness.
Strand (bank of the sea or river;
Strain, *. (great endeavor),
_ii)1_ii ghat annahr, .sciS^jJ^-L
JJJP- e.t jazll, f&s.
jahad tazim. See Stretch.
*a/ii7 aZ io^r. See Shore.
Strange,
ur-o>-i^/wriJ. SeeFoneigc
Strait (close), J^- dayyit. See
Narrow.
(wonderful),
Strait, g. (nan'ow puss),
(rare), iJ\J nadir,
SIR
945
ghayr iUiyadi ; (uncommon),

%-JJJ badlt,
kharij tan al âdah. See Odd,
irregular.(new), -XiJ^?- jadld;
STK
strangers), <*-jk-j
tagharrab.
A place of accommodation for

strangers, ^~- khan,
mamul. See Inn, caravansera.
(unknown), J^=^* majhul, j~c. Strangle, t. *- khanak, ^'-'

ghayr na^ruf; (not
fattas.
See Hang, suffocate ;
acquainted), r -ri_*^ " -y:suppress.
</Aayr muta^drif ma-^. Anything Strangled, ^^s^1 makhnuk, ^-'-^
khanlJc. To be strangled, Jlia
strange, ijjli nadirah.
Strange ! (interjection of admira
tion), *..k&î_^p&(.îJl) yd fo/<o Strangler, s. ^Jjli- kh&nik, ij^khanndk. See Hangman.
mm -.ti/'iliiii iozlm. ,
Strangely, i^J^ji.^*jj-y biwajhin Strangling, ^>ar<. ^1=^- khdnik.
Strangling, strangulation; clkiij!
gliarll,
linawin
bjl iii/:/ti'i-. illlii'lfiix.
halt al
Strangeness(uncommonness,foreign- Strangury, s. J^
bawl,
al bawl.
ness, wondcrfulness), u.-N.'ls^
Troubled
with
a
strangury,
k_ô^Cj tajayib tea gharayib;
(coldness, reserve, aversion from
intimacy),
*-*jjt
bvrudat, Strapping, .^^JL.hr. '.a-'ini al
jism. See Tall, large, bulky.
t_jlijj>-\ ijtinab. See Shyness.
(mutual dislike), îbj tanufur, Stratagem, i1!.^ hilah, <_
maliiib, ^j /, Ji^ /w/i/. See
ijij takarruh.
Fraud, deceit, cunning.
Straw, ^,-J <'JM, j_/uj
1. Attracting straws (amber),
Mhraba.
[franji.
l.f-5 nuzala).
Strawberry,
*.
jâr^JcJjj
tat
To pretend to be a stranger,
fc-^ rC*ll-Jb>c carnal halaho Stray, . J^âll^J-^ dall %an
yharib. To become a stranger
attarlk.
See Wander, rove,
Stranger, *. (foreigner), t-oyi

(fern. A-Jyi gharibah, plur.
c ghurala) ; (a guest), u-a.^
(to
travel,
to reside
among
straggle, stroll, orr.
STR
946
Straying, . <LDLe dalalat.
STR
Streak, *. L^ khatf, ^J Mam.
ghayyur, j-^s~* *Aq;i^.

See
Brave, bold, active, vehement,
See Stripe.
Streak, v. \3jO~*. t_\^c. Carnal kkutut,
zealous.
Strenuously, Acls-î^J^j WW
himmatin tea ehajaâh.

JL* mukallam, Lksr* mukhattat. Stretch, v. (extend, strain), O*
sattar.
Streaked, streaky,
See Striped.
Stream, <UJL> siikiyah (plan !_!'_.
Stretch, .
Jo JL*J tamdid.
Stretch of power,
xii /rfi!;'/). See River, rivulet,
^-Axj
taâddl,
j^>jabr, jf?
current.
Stream, t>. i^frjwa'. See Flow,
jatcr, ^ iulm. See Tyranny.
pour, issue.To stream (as milk Strict (exEwt, accurate),
from the dug when milking, or
mudakkik ; (severe, rigorous),
anything similar), jj darr.
Jj>x> shadld, *j(*e sarim, .j-'^
Streamy (abounding in streams),
foul ; (not remiss),
J\j~>&$kollahoawaki. Streamy,
mutaghajil.
streaming, ^j^-jarl, JjL>ay*7. Strictly (accurately, exactly), ZAiu
Street, s. jljj zuktik, iÛ- harah
ii;j^s]\ bighuyat attadfak; (se
(plur. LZJljlsv. hdrSt). A broad
verely, rigorously), <L*\j*>J&J
street, c îli shdri^. See Road.
likol sardmat; (not carelessly),
Strength, ijfJ kawat. See Force,
J^liy*>li^ min dun ihm&l.
vigor, firmness, power, ability, Strictness (accuracy), OJ diktat,
solidity. To acquire strength,
(JMJitXJ' tadkik; (severity), ^^j
saramat. See Rigor.
Strengthen, v. (make strong), ,_J> Stride, . (long step),
kawwa' ; (to confirm, establish),
AAai, i.k>- khatwat.
ti-j sabbat. See Corroborate. Strife, itî- khiisumat, .-;._.
Strcngthener, . gj&* mukawm.
mwnazaât. See Contention, dis
cord.
Strengthless, ii^JiaJL* malaho kawat.
Strike, .-. i_Jj-s durab, -Ja! latam.
See Weak.
Strenuous, ,\_j,xl, fhadld,
See Beat, pound.To. strike a
l*/jfjij 1 1! ','11 "IVft'.
STR
bargain,
947
Carnal buzar,
Carnal short. To strike

off (separate by a blow), ^.Lji
kata^. To strike off (from an
account), ^-L^J^.T-Ui /></,/.
win aZ Awdi.
To strike a bell,
STlt
cloth), with stripes, ^Jju taklim.
Woven with stripes, L~ mukallam. To stripe (weave or
mark with stripes), lj kallam.
Striped, Asi* mukallam,

Stripling, . jJlj<_jLi> shab baligh.
j^jJl^JJ rfoii Z y<zra. To

See Youth, boy.
strike fire, _ JJ> &wfaA. To strike Stript (naked), ^Lj^-c toryan;
up, ff* sharoi. See Begin.
plundered, ^-^-'> mushallah.
To strike at the root, tJ
Strive, v. *J^s>-ji(Jc>-J^c Carnal
To strike with the horns,
jaddaho wa jahdaho, JL2_^JJu
natah. See under Horn. To
bazal himmataho. See Strive,
strike with astonishment,
struggle, employ every endeavor.
hayyar. See Amaze, surprise.
(to contest), **>Ui. khdsam,
Striker, *. <-Jj\>a darib.
pju nazai, tejL^J^j; Carnal
Striking, part. ^J;^ d&rib,
ii//'ii'i-" iiifi. Seo Contend. (to
Idtiin.
Striking (astonishing),
emulate), jJH^L sabak ahhad.
u-^s^ muâjjib. See Surpris
See Vie.
ing, wonderful.
Stroke, s. <LJu3 tadmat,
String, . (..^^jLuii. /'/"';// Icinnab.
musddamat, >w*/J lakmat. Sec
See Thread, cord, twine, rope.
Blow, knock.
A bow-string,^j_j tcatar.
Stroke, . (rub gently with the
Strip, v. (make naked),
hand),
to spoil, rob, JîjUlj^r^ ihallah
masiadaho.
bittarik. See Plunder.(to peel), Stroll, p. *
i J (/'>; tntn
j-Zî kashshar. To strip leaves
from a branch, ^sHtj^^cliyi.
. la HI ,1 /'fin',, J^Si gfutrad.
See Stray, wander, ramble, rove.

kharat zuruk assajar.
Stripe, . i>j* darbat. See Lash, Strong, ^jS OM>!. See Vigorous,
healthy, stout.(mighty), jjli
blow.A stripe (on cloth, etc.),
muktadir.
See
Jj kalam. The weaving (of
STK
948
Powerful. (violent, vehement),
STU
LJ hinil,
bitnydit.
See
Building.
e-ij-o- harll ;
Struggle,
p.
muc(cogent, convincing),
kol jaddaho tcajahdaho.
ntc.; (firm, compact, solid, last
See Labour, endeavor, strive,
ing, not easily broken), --*-=-*
ihadld,
contend, wrestle.
madbut, .~~c< rosin, 0^- * /n"l~in,
jlj *di'<; (fortified, not easy Struggle, ^jt~i sail, &>- jadd, .xpto be taken), ..t^* matin,
jahd.
See Endeavor, effort.
(pain, anguish), Ur. r.\ i-.f ;.-,'!.
muhassan; (potent, as liquor),
^.(M1 muskir. Strong in
t-ôti tttiab. See Distress.
taste, oL>- hud.
See Acrid, Strung, <*y+~i~t madmum. Pearls
bitter, sour. Strong in smell,
strung together, j!j!iv*^j dumtnat
^,.-.-.- muntin. See Fetid,
lulu. See String of Pearls, neck
stinking. A strong castle, a
lace,
[cate, root.
stronghold, (^?*z*- ^r3*- hisn Stub up, v. jJj kalai. See Eradihasm.
See Fort, fortification,
Stubbed, (truncated, short and

c )-ij-**
thick),
Strongly (with strength),
al kadd.
btfcol Tcuwat.
See Powerfully, Stubborn,
tnuânid. See Ob
vehemently, eagerly.
stinate, inflexible, stiff, harsh,
castle.
Strophe, ^j^Jtic^-j layt shiir

muraVba-^.
rugged.To be stubborn, dole

l&nad.
See Stanza.
Struck (part, of strike), c_jjiî* Stubbornly, jLcJio likol itnad.

madrub. Struck with the foot, Stubbornness, jLc înfid. See Ob
malbut; struck with the
stinacy.
hund, !*!-A. mdltum.
Stuck (part, of stick),
maghzui. See Pierced.
Student,
studier, *. *^*~
{imdrah, Uj ita ; (form, make),
Structure (action of building), iÛx
i,._j surat.
structure (edifice), _i wC îmarah,
(.ilm, ^-.-A-.L J' talmiz, jv.-:

ialamiz.
See Scholars.
949
STU
Studied.
STU
a^ Jcoljahdaho,
jo iasaZ himmataho.
See Learned ; designed,
purposed.
See Employ every endeavor.
Studious (given to books),
.Jia'.
*ee Stuff, r. (cram),
Ac talib
Learned, contemplative.(atten Stumble, . (
taslwrga
tazahlak,
Îj
zalak.
See Slip,
tive to anything,
slide, trip, fall, stumble.(to
/Z, (j^jjt* imiztanifi,
err), fi4~*1Ja- A.W minno
mumaris. See Diligent, busy,
sahu.
careful.Studiouspeople, ^^-c/J
Stumble, *. (trip), S
darisln.
(error), ^ mint,
Studiously (with close application
to literature), jl; ". T\;.<{jnj>to
bidarsin tea ijtihud ; (attentively,
See Slip, blunder.

Stumbler, . iaiLs sukit.
Stun, c. (confound with noise or
diligently),
importunity), îslEMcJw! saddai
jaddin wa jahd, J\g^-\Jj likol
al khtitir, (j\f\*r sara-^ arrui.
ijtihad, <UjJ.' HM dikkat ;
(on purpose), JuaaJLj lilkasd,
See Stupefy.
__ \.n 'i(j-^- 'tn hiK<fiit. Ijk^c Sûng, c ^wL* HI tt (fin..
Stupefaction, JUjul indihul,
tamdan.
hlrat, ^
indifuish. See
Studiousness (addicted to study),
fi.'-w(l al ijtihad bil -,///,
Stupidity.
Stupefactive,
mudhM,
dan. See Study.
(of books), (j^j^ dars,
muhayyir,
niudhil.
,11,ifatii-.nl. al hitl, Stupefied,
madhush,
aAfi tti ii'lin. See
Literature. (attention, effort,
endeavor),
tap
al himmat,
ikdam wa ihtintti.ni,
Stndy, 11. (literature),
Stupefy, 0.
r
kasd.
J darao ;
(to endeavor diligently), J
Stupendous,
Stupid, jJj build,
SUB
950
SUB
Sec Dull.Stupid (in point of

taghattab tola,
style or subject), LJ kaba., tlX^\
j tamallak. See Conquer,
raktk.
[laladat.
overcomn, tame, crush.
Stupidity, .>.L^ ghalawat, ijL Subdued, c-.'^JjL* maghlub. See
Stupidly, JijLjj bikol baludat,
Conquered, overcome.
.^-L'^,',0 I'ikol balahat.
Subduer, s. ^JU ghult'b, *^\-J
Stupor, ijx>- hint, Jl&Ajl indihal,
/d<A, ydi ia/Wr,jî Mdr. See
ituJkJ dahshat. To be affected
Conqueror.
with a stupor, f/-..k^<LJi\&.\ Subjacent, i^.âcr' //'/'.
akhzataho al hirut.
Subject, . (one who lives under
Sturdily.
See Stoutly, hardily ;
the dominion of another), ---;
obstinately.
rn-.i'juL, _o ti'l':.'-., <U*J fabatal.
Sturdiness. Sec Stoutness, strength.
See Subject, arf;. Subjects, 1>U,
Sturdy. See Stout, hardy, strong.
raûya, ^'_j totrdou. See
Sty, . (for hogs), jij^
People.
iitabl al Ichanatlr.
Style (of writing),
nas Subject (of a discourse), ^ -. *
/naca', ^j-4-i* . -ithnun. The
al katib,
nafas al
subject and predicate, *. and
inshu. Sublimity of
arf/'. JWIj^Jii*!! n/ mukaddam
itnab ; (title, ap
style,
tcattuli, J~\j\Mrd\ al mtibtoda
Inkab (plur.
pellation),
teal khabar.
>-_.%UJI all.-fill) ; (the hand of a
watch or dial), ~ r" âkrab ; Subject (living under the obedience
of another), _Jo. mutl*, _'
(a pointed iron or steel for writing
kutab,
on wax, etc.), J^Jj I.-HIUM
<do*^.
See Tributary.
(ob
buldd, <+i..t markam.

Subdivide, v. *'^jl^--J kastam al
aksam. See Divide,
Subdivision, <j,\j .-i,~ takslm tunl.
See Division.
Subdue, v. JVJ j^-vj ///< oi7^,
noxious, liable), ^J \ u/*^ Hmtrad

ila'.
Subject, v. >!? /''.'/;/.(..
See Sab-
due, enslave.To subject (make

liable), ^l^.xâlf la
mu^rad ila'.
SUE
951
SUB
Subjected, i_j*s- makhur, k

magMul.
See Subdued.
teajhin î
Subjection, oL&l inkiydd,
Sublimity,
iiii:ri:'. See Subjugation.To Sublunary. See Earthly, terrestrial.
offer to come under subjection,
(/:/<.'(/ al Hi': :nt,
Subjoin, v. < >\ &\ adaf.
Annex, join, add.
Subjoined, subjunctive,
mttdaf, (jUs mulhak.
Submarine,
bahr.
[Drown, etc.
See Submerge, submersion, v. See
Submission (obedience, humility),
Subjugate, v. See Subdue, subject.

Subjugation, >_ *U" taghallub, j
..-r,__r'
tlii-.ut,
c. L-^-
klti'iln . \
(surrender), ^^~J tasllm. With

i"
all submission,
Ui>"i<>~, J^fV^
tadarru^ tea ibtihal. See Sub

kahar, iLO , -" tamallak. See
missively.
Subjection. The subjugation of
Submissive, j' nn'/i-., i-^'.<kingdoms or countries, ÂJ
khiidi^, c âi- khadv,^. To be
J-'-''. _-~ ''-*,*! ' l':i! /i al mumalik
submissive, *_*3^- khada-...
wal bildd.
Submissively,
Subjunction, Jflk.1 ilhak, djL-e!
âii'arfw^,
idiifah (plur. culsLi* mudafdt).
inkiyud wa khudu^. See "With
Sublimate, v. (chemically), ..\..<..^
all
submission.To beg submis
ga^âd. See Exalt, elevate.
sively, u**!l iltamas.
Sublimation, X,.^ tas^'id. Sub
Submissiveness, c jJ-g<- /.-Ituilii-..
limate. See Quicksilver.
See Submission.
Sublime, ^-^j rafi^, .JU tafi,
Submit,
. (yield, acquiesce in the
-<Lj sami, ir*Li thumikh. See
authority of another), c;,
High, lofty, grand, haughty.
kaddam al itaât, *.-= sallam.
The sublime (style),
See Surrender.
itnab, JujÂJ na/ag
Subordinate,
->\z~ mutabti, (jix-i
Sublime, v. See Sublimate, exalt,
nii'/i':i'//,:l.. See Inferior (sub
improve.
Sublimely, cLjLJi^jJicJCj likol
ject).
SUB
Hubordinately,
darajat.
952
> W cughar
SUB
the sediment of liquor, etc.),
i^Ji*!!^^ rasa' ft al c.oW.
it&iat, ~i.<
Subordination,
See Settle.
Subsidiary
(assisting, brought in
khudu-c See Subjection, disci
aid), ^b-* niutawin.
pline.
Laâ' rashwat.
Subsidy,
s. -Olc\ iânaJi, J _v'
Suborn, v. Jk>j> bartal,
imdad, J_v madad, cXjil. muSubornation, llujl irtishii.
;i>' .'':;(,;.', >iXcluu< musaâdah.
Suborned, <+!,< murtashi.
Subsist, v. . i) /'/:/, ^^,J ,.-'..'.
suborner,
^r '
* J <fum. See Continue, exist,
Subscribe, p. J^s JLC .allam
remain.(to have the means of
katdb taht ; (write
living, to be maintained), (J
one's name), Li!j wv/'/rr
fmdiihu, ê-^1 rtwirfa' ; (to give

consent), J,
See Consent.
Subscribed,
Sub
scribed and sealed (especially by
a judge), J^*u'^jL5*i* mumda'
wa
imMajjal;
A subscriber,
mukayyid ismaho,
ismaho. A sub
scription, Li/
Subsequent, ,jJW
aZd^f zikraho. Subsequent or sub
sequently, Joe laid. See After,
following.Subsequent to which,
tl$3 JJi*J,jj wamin la^d zalik.
Subservient, ^~- mvfld, ^->\-5
tali^. See Useful, convenient,
subordinate.
Subside, . . (sink to the bottom, as
dururiyat al maâsh.
Subsistence, j^^-. <> iijftd. See
Existence, continuance.(main
tenance), jîi* mafash,
^L-ic^JIcjLjji^-s daritriyat
al maâsh. See Sustenance, com
petence.
\_inairjud.
Subsistent, subsisting,
Substance,
^=T /(/(/. See Thing, body,
matter.(essential part), jH>f^jawJiar, ^\ asl. See Essence,
body, matter. (solidity, firm
ness), .*., Linrut. The substance
or result, UJ nutijaf.
The
substance of the words, ajcyj

*KJ1 nattjat al Jcaldm. Sub
stance (means, wealth),
SUB
SUB
953
iiinu-ill, Lj ijliana, JjJ.j risk (pi.

jjljj! andit).
See Fortune,
âmalaho badal.
See
Change.(one person for another)

toakalaho iawad.
riches, wealth.
Substantial (partaking of or belong Substitute,*. /
ing to substance),
ij! J tail ; (firm, strong),
mubdshir.
See Deputy. (a
succedaneum), Jjj budul (plur.
hurt, ^\j rasikh ; (wealthy),
-o-L sahib mal.
See
l'j>.' budala).
Rich. Substantial (essential Substituted (instead of a thing),
JJL^ mubaddal, Jju^ mutaparts), (J^-! u*ul,
tabiidt, jJi>\ jr>- jawahir,
baddal.
Substitution ^bys^1 tahwil, Jjo
Substantiality, j&fr jawhar, i
badal (plur. 1'jj budala),
maddat. See Substance.
tabdll, jjlj^l ibdal.
Substantially (with reality of exist
ence), t_yrs>- c yj btnawîn Subterfuge, .
jawharl ; (strongly, solidly),
hujjat. See
,_jj^*s^jj biwajhin kawl, ^J Subterraneous,
arrf.
t-^ \ /I aZ hakikat. See Truly,
really.(wealthily), Li^JCi bikol Subtile (thin,
<<.La- ///*,
Evasion, trick.
^jSli^ât
fine),
al
rakik,
ffhind. Substantialness, j&fT

jawhar. See Substance.
Substantiate, v. (make to exist),
>- jn-.filaf/o an yakun,
>-a.Vil fert/. See Slender, deli

cate.(artful, refined, penetrat
ing, shrewd), ^jjjlc ca>W
zitki. See Acute; cunning, sly,
tea habaho al wujud.
deceitful.
Subtilely, <tcli,J^j Jiioi rafaâh,
See Realize.
Substantive, s. (noun), CDlJiS\.^1
tejJC i'io? rikkah. See Finely,
thinly, (artfully, slily),
ism azzut. Substantive and adjec
tive, <<J.an,-j)jLUlAj^,)l ism
azzi'it ita ism al siffah.
Subtleness, subtility (thinness, fine
ness), Zij rikat ; (artfulness, re
Substitute, v. (one thing for an
other), i/>^ Ujt>-jaâlaho tawad,
finement, cunning, shrewdness),
sue
LLa- hllat.
sue
954
Subtilties, i1!
Succeed, . (follow in order), _J

ashya rakikah.
teJtj.. See Follow.(to come in
Subtilization^ô takrir.
place of another, to be successor),
i_pl."v- khalaf, L- -8r tokab ; (to
Subtilize, v. (make fine or thin),
j>*j ;;:;.>,,..-, _. i'fj/ii-. ; (to dis
prosper), Jii^j tawa/ak, ^f
najah. To succeed to an estate,
play subtility of genius, to make
c_' i . tceret. See Inherit.To
metaphysical distinctions), j-s\p
tarafai, Aelj (|Jfcc iamalrafaâh.
succeed alternately (as day and
night, or one man to another, by
Subtle. See Subtile, sly.Subtly.
rotation), Ij-iUj ta-.fik<iliii. To
See Subtily, slily.
Subtract, v. (arithmetically), kiL.
sakat. Subtraction, '-^~= sakt.
Subversion, <_j5Uji inkilub, !_v^'
inhidam, *Ai hadm.
\_ijuhlinih.
Subversive, u- ^1 5.; yuklab,

Subvert, v. t-^J^- kharab,
AJ> hadam.
cause to succeed (or prosper), ^pj

waffalt. See Prosper.To cause
to succeed (as one to another),
See Over
throw, ruin, destroy.

Subverted, t-j^lL* maklub, /*Jci^t
jaâlahum yatai&kabu al tcakid

bat-d al akhar.
Success (what follows),
iii
khayr.
ii
Bad success,
radiyah. See
munhadim.
[Destroyer.
Fortune.
[perous.
Subverter, . k_J_ri' mukhrib. See
najih. See ProsSuburb, *. (Ljjdl ^^cisîUi-ijl*. Successful,
Aara khdrijah tan al madlnat, Successfully,
iiti^ wa najah. See Prosper
(J^j-iCLj *ay'A barruni. Su
ously,
fortunately.
[Success.
burban, inhabiting the suburbs,
<UiUJ\,<l.a!!lJjsl A/ al saifdyih Successfulness, _lacT najah. See
Succession (a series of persons or
things following one another),
badal (plur. j_y budala}. To use
AjJU. khilufah, ^J\j taicall. See
as a succedaneum, Jjj /wrfa/.
Lineage.A succession (inherit
Succedaneous, Jj^ mutbadal.
ance), Uj'-_. wiru*.
See
al barraniyah.
Succedaneum, . (_^^ jatcarf, Îjo
sue
955
Heritage. Uninterrupted suc

cession,
taruduf.
In suc
bil tawu.ll.
cession,
Successively.
Successive, ^\
See
SUI)
Succourlcss, ,X:L*/*JL^ mula/to

musaîd.
Succulent (juicy, moist), *~3\}dusiin.
Succulency, *J^!?j rulubat.
mutatcali,
Succumb, .
Hiii.tfi-.akil>.
mutawusir,"
Successiveness, ,J\}J tawu.ll.
Succussion
(shaking),
tahrlk, &j3- harakah,
Successively, ^^jJl Jjt
hazze,
khaddah.
attawall.
Successively from
father to son, ^-^ \i\ Man
tan jidd.
Successor, e. <U-J.S- khalifah.
See Yield, sink, faint.
Such,
In such man
ner that, ^ c 4_i_j

/ton (fern.
Such a one,
Suc
<GiJ filanaK).
cessors, Ulr>- khulafa.

Succinct, ~__^. muktasar.
radii.
Suck, . ^^-< ?a,

See
See Imbibe, drain.
Summary, short, brief.A suc

Suck (act of sucking)
cinct discourse, f>-y*& kaldm
mujaz.
Succinctly, jLair>-j!b bil ikhtisar,
bil muktasar,
Diffusively
/I-'/..'/ JfK/
I/Hill I.
a vine, jj. gharz, (plur. jjjf-
See Assist
Succoured, tXelwM m ><'>. -.ml.

Succourer, . JicLu^ mus&iid.
Sucking
the
fingers,
t mdiii asdbiâho.
See Aid, help, assist.
Assistant, friend.
^ji
See Shoot.The sucker of
radii.
ance, aid, help. To succour,

i'1-.iii/.
(a young twig),
fir^.
Sucking, part. ê\j rddi^, ^-^>j
Succory (plant), bju hindibd.

Succour, _SA. madad,
iiâf, J*-\ ' imdud.
t_~',
ghuruz).
and succinctly,
/'//
Sec Milk.
Sucker (one who sucks),
c *X'
mulakhkhas,
i7 tafsll.
<LcL>j raddâh.
See
Suckle, v.
radi^.
Sudden,
faj<*y-
A sudden,
unexpected accident,
See Surprise.
Suddenly (on a sudden),
* - i
âla' ghaflah, iV_s' fajaatan,
baffhlatun.
To rush upon
SUF
956
ha/am
suddenly,
iiifit' ghaflat.
Sudorific (promoting perspiration),

Jjyt'* muârrik. Sudorific medi
cine, jjyu^J dawa miitarrik.
SUG
iLai-j rukfaah. See Permission.
Long suffering. See Patience.
Suffered, endured,
mal ; (permitted), J_j\
&)-j*+Hst masmah bihi.
muhtujaya,
Sufferer, *. (one who suffers pain

or loss), *..>-, t\,j^<l-\~f\*~ hatil
Sue, v. (beg, entreat), fj* tadarlafto darar aw icajac..
ra-., t_->il? iafoJ, **A\ iltamas.
Suffice,
v. (to be sufficient), ^J^
To sue at law,
Suds, ,jjjLfll!L ma assdbun.
*/', ^ ^-a/',
wall âla'.
See Litigate.
See Supply,
afford, satisfy.
Sufficiency, ijU^ tafayat, LjLs_Sl
Suet, s^ shahm. See Fat, tallow.

iictafu. See Competence.
Suffer, v. (bear with patience),
Sufficient, 4^ *"/' See Enough,
iMamal, JJlaT tahammal,
plenty.
sabar. See Bear, endure.
Sufficiently,
To suffer loss, j*~ kheser, jî\
Jt7 kifayah, iindar. To suffer pain, ^-fry
ia/i.
tawajja<.. To suffer misfortunes,
Suffocate,
^luJiuJj icaka-- fi balu.
To
kata^ annafas,
khanak.
suffer punishment, i^jUj ta^tiSuffocated, ^Jii
inukhtanilt. To
kab. To suffer or allow, *~%
ikhtcmak,
be suffocated,
satnah, <Lor>.j Jot' atâ' rukh&ah.
- nafataho.
AwJUWM
See Permit.
Suffocation,
Sufferable, J-*isT yuhtamal. See
annafas.
[astodt. See Vote.
Tolerable.Sufferably,
Suffrage, ~_-".^ .'</,//. plur. t_"_:
i ihtimal. See Tolerably.
Sufferance, suffering (pain), _H Sugar, jiL; sukkar. Sugar-candy,
/*, j-=Tj wo/a^; (patience),
-- *ait'r. See Moderation.
(toleration), *jLi-l ij&tah,
cl^Lj^L: ,<id-fah- iiii/mi. A dealer

in sugarjji-:ljo Jayya^ sukkar.
The sugar-cane,
957
STTI
kasab mas. Dressed with, pre

served with, or made of, sugar
SUM
Suitor, .
See
Lover. (a
amraaJt.
petitioner),
multamas, ^JL.W*
mustadg. See Suppliant, can
Suggest, v. (hint), jl l a,j/mr;
(advise), ^> nasah.
didate.
Sullen,
Uii ^zJa, JJu
Suggestion (hint), J^L
isharat,
il. See Gloomy, angry, morose,
(advice), l-<\- __'
malignant,
obstinate.
ncmhat.
Suicide,
zj katl annafs SuUenly, JUujj ii
(the person), <UuA;Jj'U Ic&til Sullenness, jLa ^warf, iJUu
nafsaho.
fe<. See Moroseness, malignity,
Suit, *. (set, number of things cor
obstinacy.
responding to one another), Jilt Sully,
âyl,j\.
See
tukim; (regular order), *LlaJ
Spot, blemish, disgrace.
nizum. See Series.(retinue), SuUied, t
maiyub.
**MT-J / Ari- khadam via hasham. Sulphur,
kibrlt. Sul
See Train.(a petition, address
phureous, sulphury,
of entreaty), ^^ ârd. See
kibrltl.
Sulphureousness,
Law-suit.
UL-o^-i ar al kibrlt.
Suit, v. (agree with), ^
Sultan, ÎhLj sultan. See King.
muakkad bil sukkar,
wafak; (to fit, adapt), i

Suitable, (JJ\~* mwcafik,
Suitableness,
muwafakat,
munasabat, <tsLJ liyakat,

mutiibakat.
Suitably,
fakat,
bal, AiLJ Jjo
tnunusa-
Sultana, sultaness, <t \\ U \ .

mU-uiti'li, Sultans, ^j-^Lt tolatin. A sultanry, the office and
dominion of a sultan, A , U \ ,
saltanat. See Kingdom.
Sultriness,^- Jiw, ijL<" hamawat.
See Heat
5ultry, i>- hur.
Sum, . (of money), j-L^ mablagh
(plur. ^!U^t mab&ligh}.
A sum
SUM
958
A principal sum, J&\ asl,

(Jb^^ ras mul. See Capital,
principal. The sum (substance
SUM
house, a house for summer resi
dence, >_:-..--- masyaf. See Yilk.
Â place constructed under
ground for keeping provisions
cool in summer, ijdu* maghdra.
or result), (JÛ- hutil, ^s^:^>

natijah (plur. #f\zJ natuyij),
The sum or substance of a speech, Summer, ?-. or pass the summer,
A^LXJlAffV^j, nafijat al kalam.
sayyaf.
See Summary, height, comple Summer, i
tion, compendium.
Sum, v. (compute), (jL^-J-Kc
Summit, (ju\j ras. The summit of
a mountain, ^J-JV^^s rat al

Carnal hisdb, f-^- jama^; (to
jabal. See Top.
collect into a narrow compass),
Summon, /-.
ul*_s>- jamal. See Comprise,
istahdar,
comprehend.To sum up all
tmtrafaâh. A summoner,
(upon the whole), dwL-^jp \ J,
muhdir. See officer of a court,
fl al jumlah, (J^lk.1 al hatil,
tipstaff. A summons, tjcJ
j" .'.^ I ' ''''''"'.'/"'' al amr,
dattaah (plur. C^?|^cJ da^tcaf),
ikMisaran.
(Uj _ murafaâh. A judicial
Summed, c
summons in writing, *&l uZ<ipi.
Sumless, c
lila hu&b. See
Summoned, iyOA_._lc uilayhi
Innumerable.
daitca.
[gidi&h tahm'il.
Summarily,
Ml ikhtinir,
Sumpter-horse, . J-jjAarj^/ijiJi-s
^\^>-\ ijmalan,
Sumptuary, ysplju? didd assahu.
Ml ijmal, \j\sf\ ijaian
-1< mukhtasar, .^r.A< Sumptuous, i ;_LC mukattaf, **n?rakhir. See Costly,
r, J .ac'.i 'l âsC^ mulakhrich, expensive, splendid, magni
khas attafsil. See Short, brief.
ficent.
A summary (compendium),
Sumptuously, A.* Vir.^J,, v .,t
iktisar,
saAa.
' mukktasar, j
Summer, v.;..~- ayf. A summer Sumptuousness,
SUP
059
zahu, Jl?- jal&l. See Splendor,

magnificence.
Sun, s. (j^^-i shams. The sun's
course, ^- -f * ^^J>'.^ ^ fewJ^
ashshams. The disc or face of the
Bun,
ashshams.
See Orb.The light of the sun,
, u.*_.&\\,ij nur ashshams.
To expose to the sun,
nashar bishshams. Any place ex
posed to the sun, â,. * * ..,
SUP
per), l_jl*j taiashsha'. To dine
and sup, |.wjcjijl_fAu laghaddd1
wa in -.tin/is// tt\ A. sup, i'J^-1
sharlca. See Sip.

Superabound, 47. 0\j zarf.
See
Overabound.
Superabundance, >oLjJ siyadah,
ijl kasarat. See Exuberance.
Superabundant, &>\j sayid,
kaslr. Superabundantly, ^.
iXi|j liwajhin sayid, \j~& katiran.
maskmas. See Sunny.The sun

See Exuberantly.
of religion (a title or proper Superadd, v. jLjJ_Jj_L. leattar
li zayadah. See Augment, in
addin.
name),
crease . Superaddition,
Sunless,
Sun-dial, lUJc
adddyirat
xiyadah. Superadded,
zayid jiddan.
al hindiyat.
talu^ ash- Superannuate, v. vju^\)l.ê ta-ân
MI .
See Morning. Sunset,
lilsin. Superannuation, ,*AibJi
b attakaddum lilsin. \lihin.
~.jjjC. ghurub ashshams.
i ghatis, Superannuated,
Sunk (immersed),
^li^c gharkan.
Sunk (gone Superb, ..J-ir.
See Grand,
splendid, magnificent. Superbly,
low), (jwjjLK-* malchfus.
See
iCtla^JJo Inhit- -.itzit I/in f. See
Sink.
Sunlike, sunny (like the sun),
Splendidly.
Supercilious, j~*** mutakdblir,
jyM4yuJ! //.</ ashshams.
j)j** mayhrur. See Haughty,
Sunny (exposed to the sun),
contemptuous. Superciliously,
sharti.
[See Light, ray.
Sunshine, ^^M\â daw ashshams.
jlj Jjj bikol takalbur. Super
ciliousness, J&i takalbur.
Sup, v. (drink by mouthfuls), j^
sharak. See Sip.(to eat sup Super-eminence. See Pre-eminence.
Sun-rise,
shams.
SUP
960
STJP
istlfa,
To affect a superi
Super-excellent, J*s*\ afdal,

a' ghayrihi.
fuyik
yhalulah,
takaddum.
See Excellent.
Superficial (external), L.>,i baslt,
ority over others, J*

Mlaho kabir
ghayrihi.
i zdAi'r, ^X.,
*oAz ; (shallow, futile, Superior, Û ^dll, JUy fatoJianl,
> -' g-' f'-.;',v,'.
See Higher,
trifling, .ji** <>J I* malaha ma^na' .
greater. To become superior,
Superficially (externally), t..*.
lk_î*j' taghallab :<i'-i'. ^j-U
_al h, 11 AosaA azzahir, \-2
^L: /i c/a'. To render supe
turatan ; (triflingly),
rior,
'.-***' -^ faidulaho âitf.
Superficialness (superficies), ^-blis
\s.te fawwakalw âla'.
zaAzr ashshy, 'ijye surat. Superior, s. tjîj rayyis.
See
Chief, lord.A superior of a
monastery, (^V*^ UîJ raffy*>
arruhbun. See Abbot, prior.
Superlative, ^yliUJ-ail afdal ma
%al. See Super-excellent.
Superfluity, superfluousness,
yakan. Superlatively, <ii&\~vJkJ
ziyudah, xj& kasarat. See Sur
bikol mubeilaghat. Superlativeness, *^ mubdlagJiat. A su
plus, superabundance.
perlative noun, .ctl~*!!*_'i ism
Superfluous, jMj zayid, J^jU /arf7,
See Surface.(triflingness, fui shy butil.

tileness),
Superfine, yklL* muftakhar, Jlc
mutajiiwiz. See
al mubdlaghat,
Superabundant.
Superhuman,
Superintend, v.
sar nazir.
Supernatural, <**...Izll^wli
nazar âla1,
See Oversee.
atiabiât.
See Superhuman.
Supernumerary,
Superintendence,
Lj^J zdyitf yw
rtZ AwaJ,
munazarat. See Oversight.
a/ adad.
Superintendent, ^V* mubushir, Superscribe, v. i-r'f
kafab ânwdn a! maktab.
mundzir.
Superscription,
Li' t
Superiority, i__JjJ taghallul, A*Li
SUP
961
SUP
Superscribed, (U-Jj^sr* muharrir
stratagem), u.jtf l
bilhllah. See Cheat ; trip up.
imaho.
Supersede, v. *"' nasakh, jLj battal, Supple, jjj' J dubil, i_)lajt* ma^tuf,
dbtal.
Superstition,
itik&d
batil, JlsbÛtl ImHn b&til,
i,1Llji'jLi libadat batilah,
munhanl.
See Pliant,
flexible, limber.(yielding, soft,

not obstinate), _-L!V-~^ l<njy'.n
attab^.
UH\J~I) waswiis, &*tj*aj waswatah. Supple, v. (make pliant), <t*lr(jj3
Superstitious, ^^tyt muwatwas,
layyin tab-âho; (to become pliant),
Ian tabahot
ip.y~>y~* mutawaswis. Superstitiously, (Jjglj^jl ii..,.-. c.L) bi Supplement, .
i^titadin batil.
kam&lat, Jjt
tamiim.
Superstructure. See Structure.
supplementary,
Supervise, v. supervisor. See Su Supplemental,
iJ-./txj' tit/.iiii/.
perintend, etc.
Suppleness,
^-UlaLjL_J layunat
Supine (lying on the back),
attab^. See Flexibility ; pliantmutamaddid ida' zahrihi;
ness, compliance.
(negligent, lazy, remiss), J^f
Suppliant,
supplicating, ^>u.4jl-
l,l nil 1,1 tl. JjU ghufil, J-iJ til >i Inil.
M'.ildiHiif,
c^t-^t mutamannt,
See Careless, indolent, remiss,
drowsy.(negligently),
likolihmal; (carelessness),
ihmal. See Indolence, drowsi
ness.
^jsxl^ multaji, ijA* muta~

darit,, J^fi mubtahil. In a sup
pliant manner, Jl^:
bikol tadarru-.^ wa MiMl.

Supper, LluC âsM. The Lord's Supplicate, v. c ,-* "
Supper, ^jUjilliiaH al
tarajja', (_/*wJl iltamas,
arrabbu.nl, ^.-.^J'l'wl-tl al
tamanna' . To supplicate
assarrl. lo give a supper,
heaven, 9jroJ tadarra^, <^pj\
lil.il
iht a hnl. See Pray, implore, en
Supperless,
treat.
Supplant, v. (displace or turn out by Supplication, Ûd! ittim&t, _*-
SUP
962
SUP
Supportable, JîaK^ yuhlamaL See

lamannl, j**> tadarru^,
ibtihul. See Prayer, entreaty.
Tolerable.
Supported
(propped), Jy^t ...--.-.:;:.' ;
"With the tongue of supplication
(suffered), <J-*-"- . "* muhtamal ;
and humility,
(maintained), i_i mukarrar;
j\*~ij!\j biluun attadarru^ wal
iftikar.
Supply, v. (give, yield, afford), *AJs
fiaddam. See furnish.(to suc
cour), AcLo Kc'iLtiil. To supply
the place (of anything), ôyf:.,i- a-n<t, Jju ladal. See Sub
(assisted, favored), kjks" mahfuz,

,SKS'* mahml. To be supported
or propped, iXxujl insanad; (to
be maintained), jjf) takarrar ;
(to be assisted), i-xiL<-:
*ar /aAo musuâdak.

stitute.To supply the place of Supporter, s. Jj LJ dnti^. See Prop.
(a person), .Îs^^c.U: sdr iawad
(a protector), ^^>- hatni.
See Patron, defender, assistant}
flan.
Supply, . (succour), JiX madad,
comforter.
a null, <ijj\j* ma^dwanat, Suppose, v. ^jOji farad,
Carnal kiyds, jzi\ iftakar,
musu'âdat. See Subsidy.
To ask supplies or assistance,
iX4>l utamad.
Support, v. (bear up), ^^s-\
takhayyal, ajj tawahham. See

Think, imagine, conjecture, fancy.
Suppose, suppose the case,

ihiamal; (prop), Jo-j sanad; (to
faradan. Let us suppose, (
endure), j~a sabar, ijâc0 tahammal, J*is>-l ihtamal; (to defend, Supposable, ^/i^glljjli kabilalfard,
befriend), ^^Û- hdma' %an,
JJUlle-^j iarti W LaW.
t_--LyU> stir sahib. See Favor. Supposer, a. *ilj zacim.
Support (prop), Jii) sanad, J^f Supposition, suppose, supposal,
/..;((// ; (assistance),
za^m, Û ray,
madad, 4J Ul iânah ; (necessares of life, maintenance),
dwftriyat al
wa-.dnh.
zann, J'1--^
khayal, ^yâT takhmln. See
Opinion, force, imagination.
--'- UtTjii!-.
Supposititious,
Sim
963
SUP
Jciya.il,
toahml. See Sure (undoubted, infallible), c
Spurious, imaginary.
hakkak, Jk-.il akid. See Certain.
Suppress, v. (conceal), ^5*^- khafa' ;
(safe), (^-^ amln, .^Jl>
(to abolish), Jiaj! abtal; (to sub
\ ; (firm, stable), 0,~* matin,
due), v_ -^ ghalab, Lu^ dabat.
U <2i#. Sure-footed, LS,
jJul sdbit al kadam.
al Jiak. To suppress intelligence, Surely, sure, to be sure,
fi al tcdki^, JLJL-<J!^gLs î
^2rl(*^S katam al kfiabar.
- ^. <*.
attaUnk, L.I) yaklnan,
Suppressed (concealed),
-_isr*
Sec Quell, subdue, crush.To
suppress evidence, <J^ p katam
hakkan. See Certainly.(firmly),

Li^jLJ c *x> /</ naiCf.in tabit ;
J Vi . * mubattal ; (subdued),
(without hazard), jli>-^J i*7a
ij^M ma<,hlul.
[ikhfa.
khatar. Sec Safely, securely.
Suppression (concealment),
Sureness, ^j^J yakln, (j^juxTtahklk,
Suppressor, concealer, .
(Ji>~ hak- See Certainty.
mttkhfi ; (an abolisher),
(safety), <LiL> salamat, ^L^l
mubattil; (one who overpowers),
makhfi,jf+ust matur; (abolished)
>_-!'^ ghalib.
Suppurate, v. (as
kayyah,
Suppuration,
Supremacy,
a wound),
Carnal kayh.
takylh.
suddrat,
^^_^
^"
am&n.
Surety, suretiship (security, bail),
Lj'.,: damanat, ilLJ^ kafalat.
A surety (bondsman), ._._._. L^

dSmin, (Jâ_^ ia/'i? (plur. 1^
kufald), (jô damln. See Bail,
akbar,
Supreme,
hostage ; sureness, certainty ; sup
a^zam. A supreme judge,
port; ratification, confirmation.
iarfi a/ Arfd<. Su Surface, *-^-j wo/A (plur. *js;"j
preme power, iaJLîjdij l:><l,-<'l.
wujuh), ^3~* *ath. See Face,
mutlakah.
outside, superficies.The surface
Supremely (extremely), <<Ljl_x_) bt
of the ground, yo^lip-j w;'A
ghoyat, ^jUJJ W ghiiyai, \&
rtZ flro'. The surface of water,
A level
fiddan.
964
8UR
surface, <L-uL~i satlhah.
SUR
See Surnamed, k_^JLL* tiiulakkal.

Suq>ass, v. JUj .v<; ',//!-, ^^Ls
Level, plain.
Surfeit, ;. %-?> shabba^. To sur
feit or be surfeited, *-. shebe-^.
:/'(', .jLc.jJiJf takciddam âla,

[\.j\+ls\j]j\*t gar laho imtiyas
:!!'.-:''. See Excel, exceed.Sur
Surfeit, . j-~i shaba^, )b^ imtila.

See Eepletion.
passed, (_J>jLc^4 in offhiul, Jjj~<
Surfeited, ^l*^ shab^dn.
masbuk. Surpassing. See Super-
excellent.
Surge, *. ~y mawj (plur.
Surplus,
surplusage, ^_j5^-J fofc,
amwdj). See Wave. Surgy,
JjU /arft7. See Overplus.
Surgeon, *. ^:>- jarrah. See Surprise, . (come unexpectedly},
Barber, bleeder.
Surgery, iLw^sM^lt ttlmaljarahat.
Surlily, JLiL^jJS.j i!^-!)^ shardsat.
See Morosely.
[Moroseness.
Surliness, i.-^_-i shardsat. See
kabas âla'
,r. Aa/am c_a/fl' gJuiflat; (to
astonish by something wonderfol),
j_/iijl adhash, i^^s~
(to confound, perplex),

Surly, y-i> theres.
hayyar.
Surmise, s. *Jt>jteahm, JLs- klutyul, Suq>rise, s. (surprising, coming
upon unawares), sls-lL mufajah,
<ti> shubhaft. See Suspicion,
A........S kabsat ; (sudden confusion
conjecture, doubt.
or perplexity), AiJiJ dahsiuU.
Surmise, v. *Jjj tawahham, JJo^
takhayyal. See Suspect, imagine, Surprising (wonderful), adj.
suggest.
Surmount, v. ^z^Jf~i\ ietatela' Surprisingly,
c ^;
iala'. See Conquer, surpass.

Surmounted, IJ^M maghlub.
Surmountable, t_ -1*1 yughlab.
Surname, . \_ -p.] lakab (plur.
fciUul alkdb). To give a sur
name. i_J.I lakkab.
' _^r binawîn yaAayyir

al
Surprised
(taken
by
surprise),
lj*yL* makba ; (confounded,

perplexed), (^k^* muttartb.
To be surprised or taken by BUT-
SUR
965
sus
prise, (UjLe^lrAS.! ukhiz âla' Surveying (the science of measuring

ghafla ; (to be confounded or per
land), A-Uu*li.lc t7m al ma
saha.
plexed), jU- hdr; (to be filled
Surveyor, . îL mubathir, Ja\J
with wonder), i_^s^1 taâjjab.
nazir. See Inspector, overseer,
Surrender, v. (yield, deliver up),
superintendent.--A land sur
*! salIn in; (to yield up one'sveyor, (jO^llL^ masiuh al ard.
self), <dU-J>~j sallam halaho. To
Surveyorship, *Jc\ munaiarat ;
surrender on terms, LjJJi(Jj:.Lj
(land surveyorship), _lL*J \<!jcw,
sallam âla1 sTiurut. Surrendered,
KttH-.ut al massah.
*1. musallim.
Survive, v. iîjjiJ^lc âsh ba^d
Surrender, A^.U.J taslim, Acl_ls\
ghayrihi. Surviving, part, and
ilii- nh. See Submission.They
a survivor, 'ib lain, Jjojîjlr.
demanded the surrender of the
j~i\ âyish ba^d al akhar.
fort, lUJjUU.l jlj. 1 ,V- talabu
Susceptible, susceptive (capable of
taslim al kalâh.
[clandestine.
receiving), Jjls kabil, lAr-. ..... <
Surreptitious.
Sec Fraudulent,
J^Jil mustard It kabul; (sus
Surreptitiously. See Stealth, clan
ceptible of love), i_^jt-\\ Jjl_i
destinely.
kabil
lil îshk ; (tender-hearted),
Surround, v. tU-1 ahilt, jâ~ hasar.
raklk al kalb.
To surround (or invest) a town,
j*>\*- hasar, jUo-lJf Carnal Susceptibility (capability of admit
ting or receiving), <LLts kabiliyat.
hisar.
[munhasir.
Susceptibility or tenderness of
Surrounded, Lls" muhat, ,~"<*-t
heart, t_-JJLllijj rikkat al kalb.
Surrounding, part. !->.?* M^Z<,
-els^ muhasir. A high wall Suspect, v. tjulCi shak fi, tij^
zannfi, ^^ss\^\ islakhwan.
surrounding a palace,
Suspected, <Sj^,^^, maznun Uhi,
a*ttw aZ Aa?arf.
Surtout, . (over-coat),
surtu.
ashthak. See Accused.
Survey, . ^jLîilj nuzar
Suspend,
t). (hang up, make to hang
See View.(to measure),
Carnal maatiha.
by anything),
âttak.
42
See
sus
966
SWA
up), J-iSU yunhamil; (possible

Hang.(to interrupt), jJa5 kata^\
to be endured), J-*i= yuhtamal.
(to delay, hinder), j&-\ akhkhar,
iaij wakkaf, *-i- mana^. To Sustained (borne up),
w<wnfl(?, Jj^s^* mahmul. See
suspend (from an office), Jê.
Supported.(endured), J-ti^*
<.awl.
See
Dismiss.
*
*
muUamal, See Suffered, expe
Suspended, ^JL* muâllak. See
rienced, borne.
[ferer.
Sustainer,
.
See
Supporter;
suf; (delayed), L-sjiy* matemvsnid.
Suspended from an employ Sustaining, part.
Sustenance (victuals, necessaries'.
ment, Jjjj*-* ma^sul.
Hung up.(interrupted), tjhjl*
CJji /ii7<. See Food, mainte

Suspense, OJj-j taraddud,
nance.
[âttar.
shtibhaJt, ilXi A. See Hesi
Sutler, s. ^LwJtLJc\L In;/;/'':. Id
tation, stop.
Suspension (hanging up or by), Suture (seam), <L\jLii. Ichiyataik;
(sewing up of wounds),
Jju ta-Jlk. See Suspense.
khiyatat jurh.
(interruption), c\ Ua"^
tawakkuf. Sus Swaddle, r. (a child), k3 kamautt.
(delay),
A swadling band, tl*S kimdt,
pension from office,
kimdCik.
Ljj r'tbul, i_jCi sliak, JS.-j Swallow, . -lj JaZaj_. To swallow
up (as the sea, a whirlpool, etc.),
taiaahhum, JL*_i_r>-l ihtimal,
The swallow,
ibtaltu
Suspicion, *& tcahm, t-o \ royb,
Suspicious
(having
suspicion),
Ao/i. See Throat.

Swallowed, c _jL^ maWu^. To be
muihtabih, *\Jt>j tcahhdm. Sus
swallowed, -Lj^ inbala-.. To be
piciously, tl>-i J>-J A /AW ./</.
swallowed up (by the sea, etc.),
iltalaâho al l-ilr.
Sustain, v. Ju~i sanad. To support,
prop.(to endure, suffer), -^ Swallow, s. uJUarl- khaltaf (plnr.
sair, Jxfcasr tahammal ; (to main
ujUslkri- khatdtlf). The do
mestic swallow, >~* suwuna.
tain, keep), t/*- hawa' .
Sustainable (possible to be borne
The rock or mountain swallow,
SWE
967
tcattoat (plur.
mtutcif).
Swallowwort (plant),
_nabat didd assumum.
Swamp, *. <du~j wahlat. See Marsh,
fen. Swampy. See Marshy.

Swan, . i_>J^l anfo/" (plor. <_iJJ^l
arddif), ^f*. bajat.
Sward (surface of the ground).
,jo_ji!|jij>-j wa/'A aJ arrf. See
Grass, herbage.
Swarthy, swarth, j*-i\ asmar (fern.
\j+-> samra). Swarthiness, jl^
sawdd.
SWE
tion.To sweat,
Perspire ; toil, labor.
Sweep, v. u kanas.
Sweeper, s. ^*iC mukannis.
See
Sweepings, A-iU^ kinasat.

Eubbish.
Sweet, jL /</, jj JJ /if;z:.
See
See
Delicious, luscious, grateful,

pleasing.(mild, gentle), u-a.y
litlif.
See Soft, tender.
A
sweetheart, j^_*_. MK-^hfi.k
(fem. .'JÂx.. Mti-.s/nlkah). See
Lover, mistress. Sweetmeats,
cuUjL*. /tiilti'ii/i~if, îjjsP* ma-,jun (plur. .^>-l*- ma-.iijni).
Swath, *. iLac %i3.lat. See Band,

swaddling-band, bandage, fillet.
To swathe, c-.-nr âssab. See
See Confection. A seller of

8weetmeats,iJ!jlLa.AZMidraz. Sweet
in
Swaddle.
Sway (rule, dominion),
hub n mat,
i'lAs
kudrat,
iktiddr. See Power, influence.

Sway, t>. (bias, incline), JU
(rule), *il=- hakam.
3wear, v. A-*J kasam, >_cl->.
To swear by God, aUL),
i ...i-i
kassam billah. To swear falsely,
basil, ^^.j rlhan.
See Basil.
Sweeten, v. â~ halla' ; (to make

mild, to soothe), xj naâm,
jjjy layyan. See Mitigate, alle
viate, palliate, soften, reconcile.
To sweeten or grow sweet,
Sr hultt,
A*. A/J.
muhalla'.
Sweetened,
mdyil
Sweetish, *.
lilhalawah.
^jjy^Jljt_JsL>- ^(Zfl/ hi" fir.
haldwat.
Sweetly,
Swearer, *. i_j>Jl. ^d^j/; (blas- Sweetness,
halawat. Sweet
^
phemer), i_>Jisr* mujaddif.
ness of temper, __Ll
weat, jjyC ârai. See Perspirahalawal attabt.
sus
966
SWA
up), J.AjNk.; yunhamil; (possible

Hang.(tointerrupt),*JaJ)
to be endured), J^cac^ yuhtamal,
(to delay, hinder), j.\ akhkhar,
t_Jij wiikkaf, j_i,- inntin-.. To Sustained (borne up), Jj '. . ^
masnilil, J^s-* miihitifil. See
suspend (from an office), ê.
Supported.(endured), Jîsr*
iitztil. See Dismiss.
*
muhtamal.
See Suffered, expe
Suspended, ^Lt* muâllak. See
rienced, borne.
[ferer.
Sustainer, . See Supporter; suf/. Suspended from an employ Sustaining, part. &*>.i mutnid.
Sustenance (victuals, necessaries),
ment, Jjjj*- MfljSuZ.
C^y I; fit. See Food, mainte
Suspense, JJ^J taraddud, <*fr.^
nance.
\_âtkar.
shubhah, w_Ci 6/w/i-. See Hesi
Sutler,
*.
^L*jUcCj
layya^
7
tation, stop.
Suspension (hanging up or by), Suture (seam), <U.-'uo^ khiydtah ;
Hungup.(interrupted),
; (delayed), i_JjJf_
<_-!*} tadik. See Suspense.

(sewing up of wounds),
(interruption), eLJaiil tn&M^;
-rf? khiyutat jurh.
(delay), t_ii.j' tawakkuf. Sus Swaddle, r. (a child),
kin:';'.
pension from office, Jjc taz/.
A swadling band,
^j^JCJ kiaitltiL
Suspicion, *- tcahm,
tatcahhum, JL^-;.-! Mimal,
iU^>! Mibah.
Suspicious (having
suspicion),
muihtabih, *Gj wahhtim. Sus

piciously, y* ^ *-!_K ' /'/// .s7//-.
Swallow, r. Jj io?a^. To swallow

up (as the sea, a whirlpool, etc.),
ih tnl,i-..
The swallow,
Ao/A. See Throat.
Swallowed, c ^L^ rnaWu^. To be
swallowed, _Lj \ inlmlii-.. To be
swallowed up (by the sea, etc.),

Sustain, D. JL^_- stmti/L To support,
iltataâho al
prop.(to endure, suffer), ^,e Swallow, *. uJlki- khaltaf (plur.
sabar, (Jîcsr1 tahammal ; (to main
L-J.V-lki. Matdtlf). The do
tain, keep), i_S^>- haica'.
mestic swallow, j~; *ufiiiu.
Sustainable (possible to be borne
The rock or mountain swallow.
8WE
967
SWE
tion.To sweat, J^t

See
Perspire ; toil, labor.
Swallow-wort (plant),
Sweep, v.
kanas.
nabat diddassumum. Sweeper, .
kinaiat.
See
Swamp, *. /LJQ.J wahlat. See Marsh, Sweepings,
Eubbish.
fen. Swampy. See Marshy.
Sweet, jLx., jo A! 2aztz. See
Swan, s. i_JJ^l arduf (plur. i_jjljl
Delicious, luscious, grateful,
ar&dif), r~f*. bcyai.
pleasing.(mild, gentle),
Sward (surface of the ground).
latlf.
See Soft, tender.
(jo^lliSjs-j waj'h at card. See
sweetheart, jjju>..,<_^ ma^
Grass, herbage.
(fern. i"ojAx, mn -.filnlkah} . See
Swarthy, swarth, j*~\ tumor (fern.
Lover, mistress. Sweetmeats,
\jA~> samrd). Sworthiness, i)l^->
hulwiyiit, jîji
sawad.
(plur. j^j-jjjSwath, t. JjLac. itsabat. See Band,
See Confection. A seller of
swaddling-band, bandage, fillet.
sweetmeats)kj!jl-fofJtc<Jwz.
Sweet
To swathe, i_.nr âssab. See

basil, i-AfiO
"lAa- See Basil.
^
*
Swaddle.
Sweeten, . -Ls- iW/a' ; (to make
--^-bj watwat (plur.
watauiit}.
Sway (rule, dominion),

hukumat, ij&i kudrat,
iktidar. See Power, influence.
Sway, . (bias, incline), Jt maZ;
(rule), *.(o- hakrtm.
mild, to soothe), **i nn-.-.nm,

,^3 layyan. See Mitigate, alle
viate, palliate, soften, reconcile.
To sweeten or grow sweet,
Swear, v. >o Icasam, w_cL-- ///((/*.

To swear by God, <dlLj^-tu_5
Sweetish,
katsam billah. To swear falsely,
lilhalawah.
jj^Jbt-fll*- halaf bisaur.
haldwat.
Sweetly,
Swearer, *. t_iiU- hSlif; (bias- Sweetness,
halateat. Sweet
phemer), i__JLsr* mtgaddtf.
ness of temper, ^.Jall *
?weat, jjyt -.iirirl-. See Perspira
haldteat
HI
SWI
968
SWO
Swell, v. (grow turgid), *j* wtrem.

Float, glide.To swim (as toe
See Protuberate, grow.Swell
head), Jj d&th.
with pride, ISj takabbar ; (with Swimmer, .
rage), ^,,-ir gJitdeb. To swell
Stilt /I, *\j.
(cause to rise or increase), jj
swimmer,
jasur.
warrant, ^ nafakh.
Swimming,
Swell or swelling, s. *jj waram.
swimming in the head, .o-.j
See Protuberance, tumour.
datckhah. See Vertigo, difidSwelled, ^t^j warman. Swelled
ness, giddiness.
with repletion, ^Lix* mutaSwine,
j> '>- khantlr (plur. jij^dayik.
khanazir}. See Hog, pig, sow.
Swelling, part, (j^j) warman.
Swelter, v. (to be distressed with Swing, . (rope on which they
swing), <LJ Lsr?"js>- jauyhane,
heat), >"jp> shawwab.
&sf>-.* marjiha ; (the motion of
Swept (part, of sweep), (j*jix*
makn&s.
Swerve, v. (deviate, wander), uLs
a swing or anything similar}

-rTyO tamarjuh.
dall. See Stray, rove ; ply, bend. Swing, v. (as a rope),

jatty'ah, ^^"j marjah.
Swift, f-;\j~> sari^. Sec Nimble,
Ses
quick, speedy, ready.

Whirl, wave, brandish.
Switch,
s. t_-^-is kadlb. See Twig.
Swift, . See Swallow, martinet ;
Swoon, #. -i^ ghathi, ^l .*. :
current.
ghwhyan.
See Fainting.To
Swiftly, \xjj~i sariian, J&j*Jfcj
liLs^ likol sur-.atin wa icy'alah.
swoon, ,<i-=- ghethl, See Fain:
Swiftness, iL-c^ surât, (SLsr1 Swoop, v. (fall as a hawk on
iit/ttlut. See Nimbleness, velocity,
prey),
celerity, rapidity, quickness.
swoop,
w
Swill, swig, i_-ui ghall. See Swop, r. See Change, exchange.
Drink.A swiller. See Drinker, Sword, .
ur.
A
sharp
sword,
_'
drunkard.
suyuf).
arw. The point ::
seleh,
See
*.
969
SYL
SYN
a sword, c_a-*J!(juulj rds assay/. Symbol, s. lUlU âlamah, Xj\*i>\

ishtirah,
The edge of a sword, i_iL*J! johad assay/, See Edge.Armed Symbolical, Xj\iiLJ lilisMrah.
with a sword, i_o_--.4J*-l~- hu.mil
Symbolically, Xj\J*l\
sayf.
al ishdrah,
A. sword ornamented with
ramzan.
i NJ -*;_?--- sayfmujawhar, Symmetry, *Uail!cj*us. hum anni%am, t_-~JypM<L~:L* mundsabat
smite with a sword, ^_g....!ljc_j/J
attartib. See Proportion.Sym
metrical, ----I - - munasib,
doroJ WZ oy/. See Kill.To
fight with swords, i_-...Ui _ >j\^
A Jiii* >/iu}i(tn<J/tiH,ljii\yt muwafik.
durab bil sayf. Shaped like a Sympathetical, sympathetic .j jls>sword, iMjLruJltJXxJla- had misl
assay/.
Sympathetically, (J-y
Swordsman,*, (sword-bearer), ^*\JioZ jazibiyat wa mayl
c-g;..i hamil sayf.
tablet.
Sword-cutler, s. >_iljwj sayyaf.
Sympathy, ^yt-JsJ^* way?
Sycophant, iJ^ towoni. See
*..Jjl^- jdzibiyah. To sym
Parasite, flatterer, informer.
pathize, lU-LtjjjLs'j wafiik liii-diiho.
Syllable, s. Ls* haja, ij^ hajwat. Symphony, (UjcJl^jlsjl ittifak al
Syllabical, i_fjjsr* hajawl.
nayhmat.
Symphonious. See
Syllabus, i^gi fahrasat. See
Harmonious.
Summary.
Symptom, ^t^b âlamah, JJj
Syllogism, . (j*iLj izya*, JJj
dalil, ^Lil ishtirah. See Sign,
dalil. A perfect syllogism, JJ J
tokoi i.Symptomatic,
1 ,. .JJ
*f.s.- dalil Kit/iif/.. A conditional
(iaftfi. Symptomatically, ^(Jj^Jo
tr
syllogism, ^^-^
Ci^Li^j bi dalayittin wa ishdrat.
Syllogistical,
Synagogue, *. J^\u^^ kanls al
SyllogisticaUy,
_Lr
yahud.
Sylvan, ^^J iarri.
shady, rustic.
Synchronical, synchronous (happen

See Woody,
ing at the same time), ^^.fjjsjl^0
Aa-^ sdyir/i tamanin wdhid. A
970
SYN
Syntax,
synchronism,
Jo-^j ittifak ashshy fl samanin

wahid.
Icalum.
Syncope, *.
ghashtcat. See Syringe, .
Swoon.(a grammatical figure
syrnge,
cutting off part of a word), i_i Jw- System, .
haif, jLar..-i- \ ikhtisar.
(pluv.
maJikunah. To
hakan.
jli ianfin, ..^ r
msunt), jf>XcU
Syndic, . (the head, agent, or

dah,
mzam, ^
censor, of a public body),
See Kule, canon, method.
wakilf c, -_-i nuk'il.
Systematical, tijJ^ ianunl,
Syndicate, t>. (pass judgment),
kiyasl, jAi=Udljfj|^ m
.ik.\ flsifef aZ A*. See Judge.
aZ kd^tdah, ,**~'j rtuml. Sys
Synod, s. (JJLs"* mahfal, L*Lc<jt.^>^tematically, ^yLJj^
jam-fiyat ûlamu. See Assemble.
kiyiisi/i tea kdiifm,
(a conjunction of the planets),
alkfinfm,
litcajhin
^l/^ iktirdn. See Conjunction.
Synodical (relating to or done
?i-///t kanitn al -Jim.
in a synod), Ulc *~MJ >-_.'^^ [Such words as are frequently
mansub lajamîyat ^tdama. Synowritten with y, which aw
dically (by authority of a synod),
omitted above, as syphon, tyre*,
etc., look for, under **', as
mujib hukmjamîyat al
Synonymous (having the same mean
ing), (,ix^J;i ford ma^na',
T.
JJ^ mutarudif. Synonymous T, at the beginning and end

words, has, in English, one uni
words,
tcuhid,
kalimat
form sound, and is expressed, ir

Arabic, by CJ (as AJÂJ taheiyti,
mutrddifat al ma^na'.
Synopsis, s. .*>j^* mukhtasar. See
Compendium, summary.
' strengthening,' etc.) ; and by

L, as (Jijo tarik, ' a path,'
etc. Before t it takes the SOUE<-
l:nHiii.iil.
laha
mac-iia'
TAB
971
TAC
of sh, as nation which, in Arabic, Table-talk, ijL^^s*. haki assufrah.

is expressed by î, as Â^
Tablet,
*. tablets, _ j! lawh.
jaysh, ' an army.' But if t is
preceded by *, it retains the hard Tabor, taborets, taborine, tabret, .
sound, as in question. Before h
it has two sounds, as in Hum and
thing. The letter CJ, as pro
nounced by the Arabs, corres
ponds the nearest to th in Iking,
and the letter j to th in tJunt.
Tabernacle, s. iU-i- Hutymat,
(tambourin), J . V> faW. A

taberer,
Tacit, i^^L, *2iiY. See Silent.
Tacitly, tl^Ljjû^v^sJ luamtin
wa su&ut. See Silently.
Taciturnity,
See Silence.
matallat. See Pavilion, tent. Tack, p. (stitch or join together),
J^rj /,'<?, \z!j rabat, A&c
The tabernacle of the covenant,
(jJ& lafak. See Join, unite.
L-Ji kvMat amaman, <LIjl
To tack or turn a ship, y lawkulhat /(I'-tiM.
waj, kb lolled,
Table, . (any flat or level surface),
markab.
_j! te/i (plur. _'j!\ alwah).
Tack,
.
(small nail), j-ji
A piece of leather or the like
; (the tacking of
which serves for a table, tj~
a ship), t.-^fl
tufrah (plur. yL; /ar). A
markab.
table or tray spread with victuals,
*Jk_>L* mayidat (plur. X)'._j Tacked (joined with thread),
marlnt; (with small
mawayid. A table of contents
matcsulfi matamlr.
(to a book), coli^lJuî /AraTables for chess, Tackle, tackling (of a ship), c
markab. See
dice, etc. <JjUs iawZa. A table
Arms,
utensils,
instruments.
or tablet on which anything is
inscribed, _jl lawh (plur. -\}\ Tactic (relating to the art of rang
ahcdh).
ing in battle, or the art of war
Table-cloth, *. jyL.JlJ.tJu.* manin general), ijl^r.JjikrJyL
d'il Mtufrah.
mansul
TAK
972
liiiliH harakat al huriib wasaf al

Tactics, c-Jjlc-'Lê. JL.C t7w
harakat al harl.
Tail, K. L_-VJU> ifitnull (plur. <>lij|
adnSb). The dragon's tail (a
Btar), ^j-Uli^-JJ f///i(4 tittan
nin.
The tail of a robe (alto of
a beast, the appendix to a book,

etc.), (JjO tayl (plur. Jjjj
Having a long tail,
Tailor, s. Sslla- Khayyat,
khiiyet.
Taint, . ,_jJic ôrfu'. See Corrupt,
infect.To taint (be infected),
Taint, a. ij>\- âdwah, &>\j~i eardyah, i>\a\ isulat. See Corrup
tion, infection.(stain, soil, spot),
>.*i>r. i<ii/t>, >L_(_! /.//.^-f. See
Blemish.
Tainted, ^Juc^ muncOÎ.
Tuke, D. (seize), &.\ akha*; (to
receive or accept), J-Ji Tcebel; (to
comprehend, understand), p-4-s
fehem; (to succeed or gain ground),
{jiy tawaffak. See Prosper.
To take away (deprive of), *iX
ii-.r/ii/i-. To take care (to be
cautious), ,Jc^! ihtazar.
See
TAK
Beware. (to be vigilant, atten
tive, careful), A-=J! intabak; (to
superintend), ^-l-r^Lj naiar
âla'. See Oversee.To take
care of the sick (attend as s
nurse, etc.), êtj^\^Sj\i3 danf
al mn rid. To take care of a
horse, ^LiJ^*^ has al httan.
To take down (humble, reduce,
depress),^ kahar; (to swallow),
j-L- bain-.. To take heed (be
attentive), <OlL<ULjjta dar lilaho lih&lihi. See To take care,
beware.To take in (comprehend,
contain), L_J_e1jjir>-l ihtauit
tola' ; (to admit, permit to enter),
HI ddkhul. To take oath,
halaf. See Swear.To take off
(to copy), Jjii nakal. To tate
part, 4_.<3~Jo-) akhad hiftal.
See Partake.To take part with
(favor another), Û^.1,*^...^.
in
meseic min taraf. See Stickle.

To take place (happen), âohasal. To take up (borrow),
j\jc-J ut.a-.ur, ^jOjS->\ ittakrad;
(to seize, arrest), \j*-?s>- Ao4;
(to lift), îj rafa^; (to occupy
or fill a place), ^^'^ ^'
tamallak tola'. To take up with
TAL
973
TAN
al kalam. See Loquacity, prate.

(to be contented), ^j redl. To
take one another by the hand, Talker, s. Jj\J kayil, JJc^ mutaljjrl...3 ,'i taaufahu. To take
kallim.
vengeance, xj\ intakam. See Tall (lofty), Jj jo taufil (fern. <dj
Revenge.
tawlUh. See High, lofty, [fat.
Taken, jj_.=>-L^ makhuz, As^-^ Tallow, +s~> shahrn. See Grease,
muttakhaz. See Seized.
akhiz. See Captor,
Taker, .
[akJiiz.
receiver.
Taking, part. jû\J kabid, Jt>-!
Talc (lapis gpeoularis), c^lis tulk,
ijO$\ (-.-^j^ kawkal al ard.
Talon, *. k_^Lsr'i makhlab.
See
Nail, claw.
Tamarinds, i_^JiX6^*j tamr hindl,
Tamarisk (plant), \ijo tarfd, ^j\
Tambourin, . See Tabor.
\_asL
Tame, ^~; wadii (plur. 1~J
Tale, *. &*a kissah, &l- hikuyah.
wudaid), u*J\r.-tu* mustannie.
Tale (number reckoned), i__>Lur>See Quiet, mild, gentle ; also
i.îifi. See Reckoning.A tale
spiritless.
(malignant intelligence),
Tame, v. ^*.j!<d^ âmalaho anls,
j_iu>jii>Lr iamalaho wadH. See
Talent, talents (mental ability,
Subdue, depress, conquer, crush.
faculty), <LJjU Mbiliyat, -Ls^J Tameable, ^li-.-ixJ! JjU kabil
fardsat, cJ^j! irfrdi, Jlc âW.
al istlnas.
Talisman, .
-.ilr tiham (plur. Tamely, ^t>j\ Jfy~> bikol ins.
laldsim), C^l
Tameness, yJ\ ins, tU*ui>-j,Ac.
talsamat. Talismanic,
ladam wahshiyal. See Mildness,
talsaml. See Magical.
gentleness, timidity.
Talk, . jKj takallam. See Speak, Tan, v. OJ dabagh.
[mumas.
prattle, chat, converse, relate.
Tangent, . (in geometry),
imkun
Talk, |K ia/dw. See Conversa Tangibility, ^û-*!!!
allams.
Tangible,
tion, speech, talkativeness.
mumkin allams.
Talkative, Jii* mutakallim,
Tangle, v. fJp- kharda^. See En-'
kawwu.1. See Loquacious.
entwine, embroil.
kasarat
Talkativeness,
TAR
974
Tank, *. ^j>f- hated. See Pond,

cistern, bason, reservoir.
TAS
-*_ tii-.nfi.:' al
gwnruk.
Tarnish,
v. .^1 akba', i^$\j&
Tanned, j-JJn mudabbagh, j!"
kaddar al lawn. See Soil, sully.
madbugh.
Tarnished, ^-li kabl.
Tanner, *. ittJ dabbugh. A tanner's
Tart, ua*\s*. humid. See Acid,
house, a tan-house, AeLJJj
sour. (sharp, severe), ~}^
dabbagha.
[Equivalent.
arm, Jo- had.
Tantamount, Jobc* muâdil. See
Tartar (of wine), jj-OjO tarttr.
Tap, v. (touch lightly, strike gently),
Tartar (people), jlij tatdr.
îiJ latash. See Pat.To tap
Tartaric, (_?,ljlj tatarl.
(for the dropsy), t-^-^J nakab.
Tartarean. See Infernal, hellish.
The part of the belly where they
Tartary,îsl'ijL bilad al tatar.
tap, t_Jii- mankab. The in
Tartly (sourly), Li^sr bihum&dat.
strument with which they tap,
Tartness, i*aj*&- humudat. See
k_^Jix* mankab.
[See Candle.
Sourness.(sourness of temper),
shamâh.
Taper, *. (candle),
_luM<LjU>- haddiyat al mitaj.
Tapestry, bs ,X*-> . <
Task, *. JLs^-* nuulahai. See
al wr/ff (/v/. samdiha.
[katran.
Labor, employment, business.
Tar, *. JULÛ kur sayyal, ^Jaj
A task or lesson, (^/-^J dart.
Tar, 0. ^.JflJ katran.
Taste, v. (to distinguish by the
Tarantula, *. LJ'I rittayla.
palate, to eat a little), j1 J t&k ;
Tardily, Jf<J^J 4M iaA^. See
(to have the taste, relish, or
Sluggishly, slowly.
smack of), >\1 , .:...'! istalat. To
Tardiness, Jll ihm&l.
See Slug
taste (feel or have the perception

of), (_/*- //<?*, cl/i jl ndrnl.
tasil,
bail Taste (the act of tasting),
Tardy,
al harakat. See Slow, sluggish,
(flavor), JJ lastat, tj*
gishness, slowness, delay.
dilatory.
Tare (a corn weed), ioV> ! tlwun.
Tariif, *. (commercial regulation)^
mazzah, <Ujd? ta-.tnat. See Relish.

(the sense of tasting), *j_J
tRsSyilaA; (intel-
TAU
975
TEA.
lectual perception), Jjlc iald, Taunt, v.

u-i shatam. See Bidicule, de
cJljOl idruk, +j fafim.
Tasted, JfliX^* muntak; (having
ride, gibe, revile, reproach, insult.

any peculiar taste), JJ<U laho Tawdriness, &s^JcÂe âdam
zarafat.
\_fatlaaat.
Taster, *. Jîl J ziiyik, ^J^jO
Tawdry, ij\^\Âe. âdlm al zaraTax, *. _b luj, Jjîs'* mahsul.
A taster to a prince, (J
ziTi/ik al malik.
[Delicious.
See Toll, tribute, custom. Taxes,
rusum tUTjiyaJi) ,' L., #
Tasteful (savory), jj JJ lazli. See
Tasteless (having no relish), ilj
w7/-z. See Bevenue.A capitation or poll-tax,

i'JJ bild lazzat. See Insipid.
<0 >- jaziyah. A tax-gatherer,
(having no power of perceiving
*^L multazim.
taste), AJb!jjjJ<Jl_* malaho
Tax,v. t_aJlô JJto- hammaltakaltf.
kuwat zayikat, J
Taxation (act of imposing taxes),
Tasteleasness (insipidity), *
i_n.U(-.U Ai ^5w^ attakallf.
<Ujy 1 iiiiitim aftii-.ntiif ; (want
of intellectual relish), j^k.l*jLC Tea, (_J^>- cAdy. A teapot, <j^>l
^jlarl j^rli a? cAay.
tadam al haf ; (want of power of
perceiving taste), ^.XiJlAjLe Teach, v. *Lc tallam. See Instruct,
âdam al mazak.
inform, tell. To teach good manTatter, t. ajo^, rvkât. See Hag.
ners,
tallam al adal.
To tatter (tear in pieces), Lî
Teachable, teachableness. See
sharmat. See Eend, tear.Tat
Docile, docility.
tered, -2y mvrakka^.
Teacher, >. Jjb muâlU
Tavern, . <ijUcu mlkh&nah, ijlLi
rn.ui.arrw. See Preceptor, lec
khammdra. A tavern keeper,
turer.
dam -.aft (plur.
-acHacy mlkhdnji, jllri. kham- Tear, tears, i.
i <A tear just
mUr.
Taught (^>or<. of teach), A^ starting, *j
abarah (plor.
To shed tears,
tuiiilliin. To be taught, Juu
* a/if,
taiaUam.
TEE
976
TEM
c _.-X!lj <tj >.*c c^-\5 1 0 zarafat

hiblat. See Breed, bring forth,
iuyiinaho bil dumii^. See Weep,
produce.
Teeth
(plur. of tooth), ^li-sl amun.
cry.
Tear, . (rent, fissure), Jjri- Atzi, Teint', ^yl 2atm. See Tint, color.
J^> â*.
Telescope, liJjj<^ rfurotn.
Tear, v. (^ shak, j^>- khazak. Tell, v. (utter), ^J^- Jutka', Jli
To tear (or be torn),
kal, JJo takallam, ~&~ khabbar.
inkhasak.
See Speak, relate, inform.(to
Tearer, . Jjj^ khdtik.
number, count), Ac âdd. To
Tease, . (fret, vex),^lj>
tell or tell of (discover, betray),
ju JJ natnat. See Plague, impor
tune, torment.To tease (cotton,
UU- itan. See Blab.
Teller, . Jks^ mutakattim. See

etc.), ^*" halaj.
Speaker, relator.
Teased (vexed), ^Lsr* muj&kar.
Temerity, *^"' tahajjum, > ,L*^pTeaser, . (tormentor), jj*\-s*
jasurah, t*\M\\ uiutn tmnadamiydkir. A teaser of cotton,
mah. See Eashness, imprudence,
la- hattaj.
precipitancy.
Teat, *. \s bin, jJI<ul- hilmat al Temper, v. (mii;gle), lal>. khalat.
o'zz. See Breast, nipple, pap,
See Mix, compound.(to modedug, udder.To suck the teat,
%-^j ''"''<'-.
mu^tadil; (to soften, mollify),
..,Jx] layyan.
Technical,
Tedious (slow, long, drawling), Temper (of mind, disposition, con
stitution), j_l- ;'''."'-. t . ,. V
,L.!,J^ ball al harakat. See
fdlii~.nl, >-J^.i mathrab, _'.
Tardy, prolix.
Tediously (slowly),
likol -,riL,it tea taakhlr.
Tediousness (prolixity),
tatwll al kalam ; (slowness),
ijL.\ latu al harakat.
Teem, '. (to be pregnant), i^_~
//(/.i;/. To bring the constitution

to a proper temper, JîS^jJjLC
taddal al mizaj.An, excellent
temper, i_f--Ult-_Â-^ nutthrali
lattf.
Of an excellent temper,
good tempered,
977
TEM
latlf al mashrab.
Temper (calm
ness), Sjljuli lutdfuritl. ; (mode

ration), Jljcji! i^tidul.
TEM
Knights
Templars,
<L_
adddwiyah.
Temple,
*. (place
of worship),
Temperament, -.\^ mizaj, j-Js
Jc*"*^ nuujad, Jux, ma^bad, A.
tabfr (U>.ly tallâh. See Temper,
Christian temple, ito layât,
constitution, mixture.Temper
J B> haykal.
amental.
mosque, synagogue.The temple
See Constitutional.
See Church,
Temperance, temperateness (in eat
of Mecca, <t__xH a^ iaîaA,
ing, drinking, etc.), cJl ..... t\
^l^k-liXs*"^! almasjad al hardtn.
imsdlt, &*>\ij riyddat.
The temples of Mecca and Me

dina, ^t.v !*UI*M almay'addn.
See Ab
stinence.
Temperate (moderate, salutary, not
excessive), J A- :..,-. muttadil,
Temples, Jol^ maûbid, 4\p-Lu^<

mtuiijid.
[iljkrfl aidugh.
L~jX muiaicasstt ; (not passion
Temples (sides of the forehead),
ate, calm), Ij^J^jla hddl
Temporal, temporary (measured by
al mizaj.
Temperate weather,
J Jo*-1jJ> ini 'i'ii n'l'-Jii'HI.
Tem
time, not eternal), ^^J %amanlt

l^L^Ji) dunyawl, (Jli /az.
perately (moderately), J 1 Jc*c \ JC1
Temporal goods, ,_/.L.._jjJL
Weol i^tidal; (abstemiously), J$o

icLs likol /nnfi.jit ; (without
>nd/ dunydici.
longing to the temples of the
violence of passion), _ .-ji*^
head), c1tX03U<_jju mansub lil
l-i/ii ghadab.
asddgh.
Temperature,
JLv..-. .r.l iitidul.
Temperature of weather, Jljcicl

! .J' i-Jitlîl al hawa.
[Mixed.
Tempered,
mu^tadil.
Tempest, .
fortuna, &*Jjj
-it" hit. nli.
See Storm, hurricane,
See
whirlwind ; alto tumult, commo

tion.
Templars or
the
order
of the
Temporal (be
Tempt, v. >~-~Zj raghghab, -^-^Lfiti/in/iii, ijjs.\ aghwa', (.fjfatan.

See Seduce, entice, allure.
Tempter, . ^jjli futin, ^jJt-*
mughtoi.
See
Seducer.The
Tempter, jj*l^>jj| alwaswas,

^lli . A shaytun.
See Satan,
devil.
Tempted, ^y^ maftun.
978
TEN
Temptation, U^l ighwa, \_ --r-y

targhll.
The temptations of the
devil, ._-
u: us I'' a Kit t,
wastes*.
(_,w'^--
\jiizHi.
Tempting (alluring), ^?ar<. c_j JUTen, ^Lc tax/mra.
TEN
Tendency (course or inclina
tion toward any place or object),
J-._^ mayl, ^JL^-* mayaldn;
(drift), >}\j+ mitt-fid. i\.-5- mattad, \__ -"--t MaHab.
Ten thousand,
Tender (delicate, gentle), ^jJJ fajr-
âsharat alaf. The ten
nii-.-im, ..' -v. halim,

yin, *cU
f>
commandments, CuU..L_jyJ*!l
aliOsharat kalimut.
Tenable, x^'*- Jj-"^^^.'. yvmkin
ralnk, ^s tari.
mild.Tender (as young herbage,

etc.), ijU /;/;.
al hutiil IH/I> I//H'.
See Soft,
The tender or
infant age, jj^Jl-i* stiffhir astin,
Tenacious (grasping, holding fast,
iiJ*ilr tufuliyat.
See Infancy.
retentive), iJJ^-jl* masik ; (cove

Tender, . (offer), y^* ^rd, rt15*
tous, sparing), ^^^~ khasli,
J-jj^ link-iiil.
takdim.
See Proposal.
See Parsimonious,
Tender, . y^c ârarf.
See Ofler,
avaricious.(cohesive), ilXuwta*
propose,
.jj mutamaisik fi.
exhibit. Tendered,
Tenacious of
^ji .*. iiuiiriid, jJoL mukad-
one's religion, ^ Jc^ mutadayyin.

dam.
See Proposed, offered.
Tenacious of an opinion, J>^r.

Tenderly, t_rJj*J,iJ$J i*o/ r*lia<
ir;7(A
See Stubborn, opiniative.

iaU.
See
Softly,
delicately,
Tenant, . (of land), ^j-b^* nttM<o/r, *jiL mvltaam.
A mili
kindly.
Tenderness, <LJ< rikkat, *-- htm-
tary tenant, ^-^j za^rm.

Tenant, o. ^s-ls>l iftajar. Tenant-
niyat.
See Softness, mildness,
less (not possessed), ^îiJUAlLi
kindness. Tenderness of age,
malaho muktani.
<ij lilr tttffiliyat.
Tend, . (incline toward a certain
heart,
point or place), .Jl JL md/ ito',
Tendon,
To tend upwards,
Tendance.
See Attendance ; care
Tenderness of
TEN
979
Tenet (principle), &M.JO tarikat,

^_f\j ray,^j filer. See Opinion.
Tenor (sense contained),
madmun, /*j$i* mafhum,
ma^na'. See Meaning, significa
tion. (the constant mode or
course of anything), JfJ^ tarlk,
^yU kanun, <-J>jLjl as!lib. See
Series, manner.Of one tenor,
_v>. U li*j Ai --alii namat wahid.
I have received your letter and
have taken note of its tenor,
wasilni maktu bukum tea fahimt
madmunaho.
Tense (in grammar), &kâ tlghdt,
j^bj zamdn. The present tense,
Jlk.lic.-5 ilghat al Ml. The
preterite tense, ^^gl-^Jlt-T...^
TER
Tenure. See Term, terms, condi

tion.
Tepid, Ji\i fatir. See Lukewarm.
Terebinthine (consisting of or mixed
with turpentine), lj^~ijb termentln, *kJl_4M9 samgh al Imtin.
Tergiversation, J_L_*_5 taâllul,
iljls'* muhawalah. See Fickle
ness, evasion, trick.
Term, s. (name), jLc
iUjrfl ixtitfih, J\ ism,
kalimat, ^JiLl <z/za< (plur. lilLS!
iil/uz). See "Word, language.
(condition, stipulation), 1;î
*/!(//< ; (a limited space of time),
j,!* muddat, * \ i t mahlat.
Term (in trade), ifJkCj wa^dat.
Terms (conditions), BJJ& shurut.
Law terms or phrases, cÛ-ilLu;!
lâill istiltihtit alfulcaha. Astro
. al mddl. The future tense,

.Mg sighat al mustaklogical terms, ^.u^'ti-'U-illus'
bil, J.Jb.u>.4i^l<j -Multi ii al mustaklil.
iitildhdt al munajjim.
Tent, . <^S khaymat (plur. *.;>- Term, v. ^<*~> lamma'.
khuyam, /Lrf- khiydm.
Terminate, v. (bound), OJo- hadTenth,îilc ôjAir. A tenth part,
dad ; (to conclude), *AJ lamina m ;
y*.e jtwAr (plur.
(to be bounded), JjiXs-^L) dr
See Tithe.
mahdud ; (to have an end), Jê
!ile ûshiran.
Tenthly,
lJ ar turn din.
rikkat. See Thinness.
Tenuity,
rakik. See Terminated (bounded), J.
Tenuous,
mahdud ; (concluded), ,<
Thin.
TEE
tamdm,
maktu-..
Finished.
Termination (bound, limit),
hadd (plur. J. AS- htidud) ;
clusion), <UjU- khutimah.
Termless (boundless), Jf-^j
hadd.
Terrace, . (flat roof), >_M..'
980
TES
See Tertian ague, *. <O^,j

dawrieh. See Fever.
doTerse. See Smooth, neat.
(con
Test (trial), uUsLl imtihan, (
zAai,jLc gtydr. To bring to
bila
the test, j^jszul imtahan, ^le
âyyar. To be brought to the
a/C/;
test, to stand the test,
(before a house), J3*" a<A.

Terraqueous,
ardl wa
Testaceous, .jiJê tadqfi.
bahrl.
Terrene, terrestrial, ^jsjl <M-X Testament, *. <&} watiyat (plur.
uLy wewaya). To make a testa
^ly fcwai!. See Earthly.
ment, iU-^J^- flw/ ictutyai,
Terrible, terrific, iîys* makhuf,
V-'y^ marhub, Jjfi muhawtcil, t_^;^/ muhlb. A terrible
accident, LV_L_'l_N.*j', wukiât
hiiyilah.
Terribleness, J*a
Terribly,
muhul.
Terrify, v. i^Sj. khawwaf,
raâb. See Frighten.
m^_*rt j
-_*
1 embed, k_>^_ marauo.
Territory, wlOu- mtt,
nuhiyat- (plur. ^^^ nawdhl),
^<ej wasea'.
The Old Testa
ment, i^jill Z foimiA. The

New Testament, t_cjytJl Jusri'l
al injil athshartf.
[al uxuiyat.
Testamentary,
sT yuMiH
Testator, s.
muwassi.
Testatrix, .
< mutcassiyat.
Testicle, *.
khasiyah, <t-a-_
baydah.
..j-aÂta*!. The
testicles of the castor (castoreum),
_^gjl>-JL-$'tt..aSi khanyat kalk
al bahr.
\j>j\ ard. See Country, district,

Testification.
See Testimony.
land.
Testificator. See Testifier.
Terror,
iUj^ raibat. Great terror.
Testify, u. jkî AAf. See Prove.
Testified, AJJ. ^^
,J^ /ja7 muhul.
See Fear,
v
apprehension, dread.
i'A/, Jw.ss""'1' inmajjal,
THA
THE
981
musabbat. See Proved.A testiSee Ingratitude.

fier, Aili shahid. See Witness.
Thanksgiving, *.
Testimonial, ..oU-i shahddat.
tiiM/m shukr anni^mat.
Testimony, i'jL-i shahadat. See
Thank-worthy, jLî^^pA) wajib
Proof, evidence.
ashshuisr.
Tete-a-tete, jjjpjjjj,!!^ win
That, prm. (dem.) cJl J salt (fern.
arras Ul ras.
tKJj i7A), (relat.), ^jJJI aI.
Tetrachord, . (an instrument with
See oZso Who, which, because.
four strings, as a lute, etc.), c ji
That which, U w5. For that
4"l* naica^kamanja.
reason, lJJiiJ*>-i! U <yl Aazza.
Text, s. ^* main, â\ asl. An
exposition of a text, (ip^jl_îi
AsrA a/ w<. See Commentary.
Texture, <lL=>- hiyakah.
Than, ^ OTMJ. He is taller than
me, j^ji** J^lslys ^M atoaZ minnl.
W aw^ aw.
So that,
K ano, <Jll
Because that,
Z annaho,
fc" <07
After that time,
wait.
Thank, w.^Li> shakar.

Thanks, ^Li Wr, i*jcJ^^Li
shukran anni^mat. To return
thanks after meat, <JJ^Li shakar
allah. To give thanks to God,
viJljjL*Ll<dl.3ci kaddam illah
al In: Hid toakhuJer.
Thankful, ^li sMMr,
shakir
Thankfully,
hamdin tea slmkr.
Thankfulness, ^j\j&> shakran.
T anni^mat,
Thankless,
tnwiTcirThanklessness,
aljamll. See
Ungrateful.
At that time,
l i&Z al an. To that time,

l/l 0^1 7o' zui aZ toa^.
See Until, till.Until the time
that, UT,J1 ila' an. On that
account, (J^3oJ^-^ li ajl zalik.
That is to say (viz. to wit), l>_ji*i
ya^nl, ^^ a^nl. In order that,
U-iJ lakayma, ^$3 /eây.
Thatch, j_ûJ kath.
[al koran.
The, Jl al. The Kuran,
Theatre, . jytj 3^rfi.
Thee, (J/oi. To thee,
Theft, L
THE
982
Their, *i hum (fern, ^jfe bin).

Them, *& hum (fern. ^ hinnd).
Theme, .
Ll nafsuhum (fern.
Themselves,
0-r"iJ nafsuhinnd).
THE
hmalik ; (lo !) Ly> Auoid. See

Behold.
Thereabout, thereabouts (near that
place), (---^^J /t/-(i ; (near that
quantity, number or state),
Iv^j^1 takhmlnan, t^'^J
Then (at that time), cliO j

LjyiJ' takriban.
Thereafter, Jjol, j fl ma
ba^d talik. See Afterwards.
.* 7/n-7i vd^d mil.
(for this or that reason),
ba^dtiho.
lizalik. See Therefore.
huntile.
Thereat,
Thence (from that place),
Thereby,
mt
mtn }/nfi.l:; (from that Therefore,
tt q/7,
time), (j^SjJIcJ'ljjjf '
/t aj7
fl/7,
of wait ; (for that reason),
min hotel,
ft /7 za. Thenceforth, Therefrom,
J
mill
~nlik.
See Thence.
thenceforward, ltXe\
zalik ; (after that),
^J^
Therein, 1 J^^y /I
/z zd/t.
Theologian, theologist, *.
Thereof, I JJi^ OT hata.
muâllim l&huti. Theological,
Thereon, thereupon,
lahatl. Theologically,
caâ' zalik.
[salik.
J_CL_-*^ haab lilm
Thereto, thereunto,
ibf
al lahut. Theology, C
Thereunder,
-.ilni al luhvt.
There-with,
Theoretic, theoretical, ^~*UJi kiyHsi.
Therewithal (with that),
See Speculative.Theory, JLC
OTfl^ :a///-; (at the same time,
i
^jii -.init nazari ^-^ -
min nl an -inufi-Jdan.
also), vld j Ao^/.i. See LiteItiyat. See Speculation.-A

wise.
theorist, jjuul_.Ji_^3These, Dys Aawfc. To these^ Jl
iya*. See Speculator.
7rt' ArtK'/H. From all these,
There.
itn hawla' .
THI
983
THI
Thesis, *. c yey* mawdft^.
_ô!j Ktiyib; (not numerous)

J-lj fe/i?.
They, *Jb hum (fern. ^ AMI).
Thick (dense, gross), li-ii yhallz. Thin, v. (make thin), ^jîjtL,
âmalaho rakik; (to make liquid)
See Coarse.(large, not slender),
V'J-N taiowal ; (to make les
****?jaslm,j~ kablr ; (muddy,
numerous), Jii faillal.
feculent), \>j+f* makhbut. See
Opaque, turbid. (coagulated, Thine, C/aA (fern. ^C/W).
congealed), >X*^V* munjamid. Thing, . î s/iy. Things, Li
Thick (frequent, repeated), Jji*
ashyd.
mukarrir, j~& kanr; (crowding, Think, .^cj! iftakar,^ tafakkar
crowded into narrow compass),
t^ji tatcahham, Ji 2ann, ^j=
fO^^tmunhasir, t y^sf* nuy'mut.
tasawwar. See Consider, medi
Thick (quick, repeatedly, frequently)
tate, reason, judge, conclude
\j*& k<LSIran.
imagine, fancy, believe.
Thicken, v. (make dense or gross), Thinker, .îL muftakir.
t_C~) sammak, laJoitd^ âmalaho
Thinking, part.^zJL* muftakir.
ghalit; (to condense), &*s>- jam-
Thinly, Ajj^Ko likol rikkat.

mad; (to become condensed), Thinness, iLij rikkat, isW1 nahafat
1X0- jemed.
See Slenderness.
Thicket, . <-_>lc Âdi, >lc ghdbat. Third, ei-Jli sillls, <ull> sullsuh. 1
See Forest.
third, v_i-Jj *</,. Thirdly, li!l
Thickness (density, coarseness, grosssalisan.
ness), iljiLc ghalatat ; (largeness Thirst, ^__/uJac ta<<wA. To thirst oof circumference), *.^~ âzamat.
Thief, . Ûj Sri%, i**]^- Aorflm!.
Thimble, . ÛiA^ ktuhtiban.
be thirsty, ^*-Vf. êtesJk, jl

..iu^j2 sdr c-atshun.
Thirstiness, (^^tukc
Thirst.
Thin (as paper, etc.), juij ra/tzi,
Thirsty,
jjiiijlc
^..j^rq/t^; (small, fine, delicate),
ititash.
Se
[^fl&Adtt
îitiah, ^LlLj
u-Qlni lattf; (lean), u-c*ac nah'if; Thirteen, ^Lri'JllJ salasat âshar

Thirteenth,yûîb'*diw j.<wAr
(not thick, liquid), (JjL) dyt7,
THO
984
Thirty, ^îlj talatln. Thirtieth,

c-y-^ salasun.
This, IJL& lia~n ({em. iJJS h,tzc\
This day, *yJ!!JJ!> hazd alyatmn.
THO
ception, opinion, judgment, con
jecture, suspicion, sentiment, ima
gination, fancy ; also intention,
purpose, design, care, solicitude,
attention, concern. Thoughts,
j\j\ afkur, ^jAs zunun.
This night, JJI! JJfc haza at layI.

This world, JUMJJfc hasa al
lalam.
[jamal. Thoughtful, -JLsi* mutafakkir,
Thistle, .
,J^*li< miitaammil. See Con
Thither, thitherward, C/L
templative ; also careful, atten
hunak.
tive, anxious, solicitous.
Thorn, . <Lj^ shawkat. Bearing Thoughtfully, J^'b^/jJ^j WW
thorns, i___li... mushwik.
_/////' wo taammul.
Thorny, iJJjj*L* mushawwik.
Thorough, <da-)ty biwusitat.
Thoughtfulness, ^(_a-j t fnkkvr,

Sec
J^*b taammul.
Through. (complete), *l>_j

tatnam, J^l^ ât7. See Perfect.
See Thought,
anxiety.
Thoughtless, ,_LjLi ghafil.
A thoroughfare, j)j* murur.

See Passage, pass.Thoroughly,
See
Careless, gay. Thoughtlessly,

Jjj-c^ min ghayrfikr, j^^
Vw+ollj biltamam, IL.li Mmilan.
See Completely, perfectly.

Those, (JJo^jl tt/dy**. Of those,
J.''3 min ghayr taammul.

Thoughtlessness, JLsJl*Ac âda
al fikr, * - -~ -HÂr âdam
*S'"*^cT* "*"* <'l'~"ji''-
al latlrat.
See Carelessness.
Thou, t^^jl i/,'i/ (fern. tr-%il <///).

Though, although, ^1^*. warn^. an. Thousand, . u-tll (f (plur. i ij!l
trfu/), uJ^l ^/. A thousand
See Nevertheless, notwithstand
years, a..-..-t_o.i^ ''A-'1 sanai. Ten
ing.As though, ^'K kunii, L*^
/ .r/t; , ^,yL;l^-^. mislima yakun.
thousand, *-jJ\iSj f r. iothnmt
alSf.
A thousand thousands,
Thought (part, of think), ^yk*
<_xH<_iH
<^/ a//. See Million.
maznun.
Thought, Jiifikr. See Reflection, Thousandth, u.ai^^^tJo-1. wdhid
contemplation, meditation, con
min al alf.
985
THR
Thrall, thraldom. See Slavery, ser
vitude.
Thrash, v. i-Jê darab. See Beat.
Threshed (beat), ijjj^t matt-rub,
THR
score,
dred,
Three
aldf.
(^j-i-j !. .Three hun

<LjtLUi_i' #Za< mayat.
thousand, i__îfSlj taldtat
In threes, ijli<0'illJ
Thread, s. L-ji- khayt (plur. ylkjji.

taldtah. Relative to three,
khltan). A cotton thread, n^>s. Khayt ghazl. To spin thread, Threshold, . <Uxc âtalnt.
i ghaml.
Thrice, .^liiiLj taldtat amrdr.
Thread, v. (pearls, beads, etc), J Thrift, thriftiness (gain, profit, ad
damm. To thread a needle, *J
vantage), c\ .a ,-'i\ intifa^, _JJ
Xj$\ damm al ibrah.
imsalc.
Threat, .
(plur. Thrill, v. See Drill, pierce, bore.
LuljyJuj tahdiddt),
a-Jj rir Thriver, a. or thriving, See Pros
perous.
Throat, . <_^1*- halk ; (or fauces),
Threaten, . JoJ^j<d J^ c
tahd'id, Ac-) 7 t<in-a-.-.itd,
*yLU- halkum. See Neck.Tc
|V
tahaddad. See Terrify.

cut the throat, ^J z5a^. See
Kill.A cut throat, _/J^r jaessar.
Threatener, . JJc^ mutahaddid,
iîjfs* mukhawwif.
See Cut-throat.
Threatened, JJ> .;. muhaddad, Throe (pain of child-bearing),
^li-^ makhad.
' i^jjs* mvMiawwaf.
*>
Threatening, âr<.
Throne, *. iJJlil^j^-j s
J^^P-C ârA ; (chair),
haddid, i_jj!s^ mukhawwif.
threatening answer, Jj
kursl.
jatcub tahdld. Threatening letter, Through (from side to side, or enc
to end), cJîJjl?^ mintara-,
OL J^jt-Jji^w* maklub tahdld.
lataraf; (by means of), ^ min
Threateningly, JaJ^lAc-^j liwajh
nlMidid, <jb 4flClJ!c ij binaw^
i U ..i^-j bitodsitat. To pass
attakhwif.
through, ,j-^ ^fliar tn, ^<
wiorr. Through me, * mtn?
Three, <ollu aZoaA.
Threefold,
_''' j talasai ad^&f. Three
THE
986
TIC
Throughout, j0î\ J \ Jjiil ^ min

al atcical ila' al akhir.
dakhal ghatban. See
Subvert, demolish, overthrow.

To throw one's-self into danger,
jLs.Mo*!\-(>_5^; rama' hulaho
fl al khatar. To throw out
(leave behind, distance), ^_jA=i-
rueful). A thunder-bolt, thunderstone, iSJLcltf m'liik'th. See Light
khalluh teara. See Outstrip, sur
See Amazed.
Intrude.
hujUm. See Push.
rama. Thrust, *.
Throw, v. ~Je tarah,
A
thrust
with
a sword,
See Shoot, dart, fling, hurl, cast.
JL- hujum bissayf.
To throw stones, jlS'ltJ^c
dardb ahjar. To throw away, Thump, s. tjje darbat. See Blow.
i_Jjk- hadaf. See Reject. Thump, v. <Jji> darab ; (with the
fist), .sic nahar, *$3 lakam.
rama ;
To throw down,
(overturn), \_ - \
kalab. See Thunder, JLC^ ra^d (plor. J*_: .
ning. The noise of thunder,

(Us*5?" ja^jaâh.
Thunder
struck (confounded),^.Xa- hayyar.
ra-âd.
\khalt.
Thunder, v.
l yatei* al
Thursday,
I/M **+ \_J r -*j wada^ bilhabs .
Thus, !i$J hakasa, \j kaza. Thus
See Imprison. To throw off
and thus, \ jj\ J^ kaza wa kcaa,
clothes, <bLjjA- khala-c siya\**j\*+ I-a:/ 1 tea kayt,
baho. To throw lots, teji^tj
Thy, tl/ ak; (fern. ^ fe). Thy
rama! Imr-.ah. See Lot.
book, tliol^ fa'teJa*. Thyself,
Throw, s. (<*j raml, Jb tarh.
L^---' nafsak.
Thrower, . ,^>\j raml.
Tiara, . _lj <<y. See Crown.
Throwing (the act of), ^+j raml ; Tick (score, debt), ^J rfayn. To
(part.), ^\j raml. [mwrtaml.
go tick, yayis-jl istakrad. See
Thrown, (<</ marml, ,+3.*
Get into debt.
pass. To throw into prison,
Thrust, v. jJJ dafUi. See Push, Tick, *. (louse which infests sheep
drive, shove, force.To thrust
kar&dat
and other animals),
with a sword, i_a.M.ib
(plur. jlyi kirSd).
[mat.
Away/. To thrust one's-self in, Ticket, .
waraka,
Lt !/
TIL
987
TIM
Till, until, J\ ila,', JU hatta' ,

Tickle, v. itXeJ dagMagh.
\J\ ,^. hatla' MO; (till when?),
Ticklish (sensible to tickling, easily
^Jl ila' mata'. Till this
tickled), iiXcJcj yutadaghdagh ;
(tottering, unfixed), ^lysdJl*
time, till now, (^.J! *'&' <^
^llJdiJI iâ' Aa*d aân. Till
mdlaho karur. See Inconstant,
this
day, iJJkL^jj^l ila' yatocapricious, whimsical ; hazardous.
Ticklishness. See Uncertainty, in
mina hata. Till the end of time,
^ttjJl^rM^JI ila' akhir azzamdn.
constancy.
Tide (of the sea), 1. mailil. The Till, f. ^r^ falah, <^Jji>- haras. See
>
flux and reflux of the tide, Jt<
Plough, cultivate.Tillable. See
madd v>a ja&r. Ebb tide,
Arable.
j M>- jatr. Flood tide, Jw madd, Tillage, te\jj ziraât, te*-\ifalaha.t,
See Ebb, flow ; time, season, Tiller, . cjlj adrit,
flood, stream, course.
See Ploughman.
[batant.
Tidy, tidily, tidiness. See Neat, Tilter, *.^
mwiart's. See Comneatly, etc.
- ^ khashab. See
Timber,
Tidings, j+- Khobar (plur. jUr^.1
Wood.- -A timber-merchant,
akhbd)-), Xj\Mij bi shdrat. See
<_;uL>. khanlmhiiJ). Timber or
News.Joyful tidings, j-Awj

wood for firing, \_-U^ hatab.
lashayir.
[Bind.
See Firewood.
Tie, v. MS. takutl, Lu , rabat. See Timbrel, *. JJ <
See Tabor.
Tie, s. (knot), JjJLe iid-dat ; (bond, Time,
(plur. c^'lijl
obligation), jiie âhd.
; zam&n, ^j zaman,
Tier, Aii talakah, *_i<j /, Uaj
kin. Time present, c^Jj
nizilm. See Row, range, rank.
wakt al hddir. Time past,
Tiger, *.^*j n'jr.
Tigress, *. i^j nimrah.
Tile, *. Ji-^-J karmld; (covered
former times), U-'l_> s&bikan.
with tiles), J^yi!lji_J>jJUu^ maâ/ IU karmld.

[karmld.
See Formerly. Time future,

J^Jbjuy^lÛj zanifin al mitstak-
Tile, . Ju^yiUji-iiLj a/b/ W
bj zamiin al madl,
ziuniin an.ifi.bil: ; (in
bil. Harvest time,
TIM
988
TIP
wdkt al mawsam. See Harvest. Timely (seasonable)

In good time, ,JJlo'
bil wakt al mttnatH,
bil wakt mil tamdn al Idzim, See
biwaktihi.
Seasonably.From time to time, Time-serving (also a time-server),
at times, c^%L%l''t/io lia-.il al
ibn al wakt.
See
awkdt. See Sometimes.At no
Servile.
time, k Jcatt. See Never.In Timid, timorous,
mustahl,
time of necessity,
jaban. See Fearful,
biwakt al hajat. In the evening
frightened,
pusillanimous, co
time, LuJli^-Jy biwakt al masd.
wardly.
A long time,
Timidity, timorousness,
tawil. A short
khawf, J^1 khajal, L
zamdn kasir. At all times,
~Ji>haybah. See Fear, cowardice.
+\j"i\madyalayydm. See Always.
In the time of peace, ^jj? Timidly, timorously, î_jâ7 Wlihawfin, i'Ur>-.Ji__) biâdaa
^""1 fi zaman assulh. In the
jaraat.
time of the war or battle, i-i-^jJ
i__j-aJ biwakt al harb.
The Tin.jj;Jwij Jcasdlr. A tinman (one
who tins pots and kettles),
revolutions of time, ^b/îjVjJ
dawardn attaman. In the time
Tincture, tinct, iL* sabSyh.
of Solomon,
ayyum Solayntdn. In the time Tincture, tinge, c. j-^ gabagh.
Tingle, tinkle, tink, v. ^ tan.
of the prophet of God,
âla1 âhd rasul allah.
Life time, -*c ûmr. Restricted
to any fixed time, \îy* muwakkat. An appointed time,
jjftiîîj wakt mukarrar. A
convenient time, <tî Jursah.
See Opportunity.Time (leisure),
*~ej> fwsah.
Tint, ^jl lawn. See Tinct, tincture

Tiny, JJj Mil See Small.
Tip, *. (point, extremity), ^
awj. See Top.
Tipple, v. <->j> shereb. See Drink.
Tipple, ^\f* ihardb. See
Drink, wine.A tippler, t^jJ*
tharrlb. Sec Drunkard.
TIT
TO
Tipstaff, s. (officer of a courtJîsr*
wasf (plur. ,_jLjjl

__ muhdir, îjU- chaimsh.
awsaf). The title w title-page
Tipsy. ^l^Li sakran. See Drunk
of a book, ^^c. ânwan. See
Tiptoe, j.jJLiljjJj ras al kadam.
Name, appellation.(a claim of
To walk on tiptoe, ^cJ^t
right), <_- haJc.
&x+_j[^\UJJjj meshi iala' rus Title, v. t^SJ foybi.
asabiMi.
Titter, c. Jj^ju takahkak, tlXc^
c.
Tire, . (rank, row), iÂ* */.
rfM- likahkahah.
Seo
Tire, . (weary out), i_^jl a
.
[particle.
See Fatigue, weary ; also to Tittle, . aJai) Â. Seo Point,
attire, dress. (to become fa Tittle-tattle,
tigued), L-^*J teêb.
Maw,
See Tattle,
Tired, ^,1.^5 ta^ban. Tiredness,
prattle.
[prate.
t_->*J' <<zi. See Fatigue.
Tittle-tattle, .
_afei. See
Tiresome (fatiguing), t-_^c^ mutgb. Titular (nominal),
fe/taif.
See Tedious.
To, J / or J fo," Jl 7a'. See
Tiresomeness. See Tediousness.
Toward, till. To me,
ll. To
Tirewoman, . <diiU m&shta.
thee, (10 W (fem.
Tissue (gold or silver stuff),
To him or her, <d Mo (fem. U
TT
ft'Aa), <ull flayA.

Tit, . (small horse), _i*
Titbit, *. ^^jliJ nafayit.
See
Delicacy.
Tithe, . ^^ fctMAr (plur.
tAdr). Legal tithes,
i~s.jMA\ al atihdr al sharplyah.
Tithe-gatherer, .^LLc âthsMr.
Titillate, v. ju-J daghdagh. See
Tickle.
Titillation, iijtsJ daghdaghah.
.Title, . e-JLJ AB (plur. i_jUJI
land.
To us, LJ
To you, J3 /aiww (fem.
^Xl ). To them, *$ Mum

(fem. ^ A'At). To himself,
UuAJ^l Ha' nafsihi, <U! t^yA.
To that, tl*3 J.J! 7a' soZj/6, ,n!
feAo, y ;f'Aa.
To this, IJ^J
lihaza, s j^l Zaz. In order to,
likayan. To (as far as),

^\ ila,'.
To (until), .^J\ ila'.
To the end of time, f-T. Jl
TOI
990
'/' akhir azzam<in. To

day, ,jJI alyawm. See Day.
To-night, <dJJl allaylah. See
TOM
tad.
jahd,
To toil,
See Labor.
c .',.,'!;/ M;!
ballgh.
Toils,
shabaka.
Night.To-morrow, \$J bukru.

See Snare, net.
See Morrow.
Toilsome,
Toad, .v. .*J!cJuL dafda^ assam.
Toilsomeness,
Toad-stool, *. L/k_ kamu. See Token, . Sj\J*\ isharak,
Fungus.
talumat. See Sign, mark.A
Toast, v. y*s*-j*s kammar khubz.
token or memorial of friendship,
See Eoast.To toast the health
j\S Jcjl istiekdr.
of a mistress or friend, j _~.> yi Told, ^^^ muJtka', êyjH^ ma^rvd.
shereb bisirrihi.
Tolerable, Jî*/* muhtavtfl. ToleToast, . (toasted bread), ^Ji^j-ji.
rableness,
khubs mukammar ; (a health to a
Tolerably,
mistress or friend), j-; rirr.
bind if :. iii, kdbil al ihtimal.
*
Toasted, ^-^.,a tnukammar. A Tolerance (patient suffering), -~*>i
toaster, .-*j^ mukammir.
abr, J+aT tahammvL
See
Tobacco, ^l*- 0 dukhdn. The smoke
Patience.
i
**
"
of tohacco, ^l^-J dukli.iin. A Tolerate, v. (permit), ^*~! mttiak,

tobacco-pipe, u^-c !//>i!i'//i'!c. A
Jjl^-lîit! dita' ijuzaJt. Se*
tobacconist, *'
...IsUJc^-"
lx' bayyuc.
Suffer.Tolerated, Ji^- jay*,
*
dukhkhan.
J^.ajr* in itMamal. See Suffiered.
Together (in company, in the same Toleration (permission, connivance).
ii
*
Kjcfl tji'i~ah, fjAas? tahanimot.
place or time), ^*
mahsal,
(without intermission),
Toll,
See
i?7d tawakkuf, Jl^^b i?7d ihmiil.
Tax.Toll paid for guarding UM
roads,^L>- khafar. Toll paid for
, See Intermission.Agreeing to
passing a river,
gether, l.ri J .*f^=.r.' _- \j3J \jJ
tatoiifaku. ma^ (MÎ/I'/U'M. ba^dan.
Together with, . ma-..
Tomb, . ^J l-"iir. ^ twist, -^
Toil, j.Jj^jt-j sa^l ballgh
makbarat.
Sec Sepnlohre.
TOO
TOP
991
ma/rkad. See Tool, s. <UT alat (plur. C.

tomb-stone,
See Instrument ; venal, hireling.
[bury, inter.
Monument.
Tomb, v. j.3 kabar. See entomb, Tooth, s. ^> tinn. A canine
Hid kalr.
Tombless, j
tooth, c-.-'li wdi. Canine teeth,
mv/jaUad.
See
Tome, *.
->Ljl anydb. A back tooth,
Volume.
(juu^fl din (plur. ^^^ adrds).
alkartaban,
Tomtit, .
With tooth and nail (with one's
naw%_ tayr saghlr.
utmost force), *U
nayhmah, <jya\ us&l,
Tone, s.
Ji'M ^d wa ihlimdm.
IUL maMm. From tone to tone Tooth-ache, s. Û-jSlj-^-j
(also in single tones), *\JLi(.ft
al asndn.
[al asndn.
min makdm ila1 maMm. Tooth-drawer, *.
Speaking or singing in a sweet Toothed,
laho asndn. See
\~
talhln. See
tone of voice,
Indented, serrated. Toothless,
Sound, note.
[jLJitIL* malaho asndn.
Tongs, uf^ kalbalun,
Tooth-picker, s. ^Li^lilîULs'*
kammasha. See Forceps.
niihkash al asndn. To pick or
Tongue, a. (organ of speech), jjUJ
clean the teeth with a toothlisdn (plur. k~*!i\ aliinah). See
picker, (LjLî^^ku-Jl-a- haicask
Language, speech.The mother
asndnaho.
tongue, <i! loghat. Tongue:tied, Top, a. (jw! . rdg, L*J Mmmat, 'ijj J
(having an impediment in speech),
-nrn'iil. See Pinnacle, head.
^LjJJIjyU^* ma^kud al lisdn.
The top or crown of the head,
Tongueless, ^luJilt* malaho
^wjUl ,! umm arras. The top of
lit&n. The tongue of a balance,
a mountain, J . ^jS^J rg
lisdn al mlzdn.
al jabal (plur. JLs'l^jwy r&s
Tonsure,
rashmat,
al jibul).
hittil:at. shammds.
Topmost, (^W a,M.
j tabarjad,
uman, Ldj! aydan. See Topaz, *. (a gem),
Too,
.< yakfit
iikewisc, also.Too much, Jolj
asfar.
TOR
992
TOT
Torrent, s.
Topical,
al bilad. See Local.(peculiar),
sity&l).
jjflUi- khas, ^jiyaJs." makhsus. Torrid
Topical remedies, Cjb
(plur.
muhrik (fern.
, jl- Adr, a^^k

thadld al hararat. The torrid
Topic (subject), ~: ..
Topography, jLlUaJaar takhtlt al
zone, * * *^\* U'.^M ^ mantikat
bildd. A topographer, ê_^,Li
al muhrikat, Xj\ ^\A 5 U-.J^ ^
jLil sharih ân al bilad.
mantakat al harrah.
Topsy-turvy, fc_^)JLi^Jlj bd ma- Torsion (twisting, wreathing), îi
shaklab. To throw topsy-turvy,
dafar, * -1 baram.
\_ -1 * shaklab.
Tortoise, *. (lisr-" stdhifah. Tor
Torch, Jjcit* mashâl, (pi. J^lww*
toises, u_o-Lo salahif.
i/Hix/iti .in, _'^. misbah. A
Torture (torments judicially inflicted
torch-bearer, -sr****^ mashâlji.
to extort confession), >_ .Torment, t_>^Xi tazdJ. See Pain,
Hi-'!/'. ^<^~ ûkubat. See To^
anguish, misery, torture.
ment, punishment.
Torment, <?. t__-,\-; -3-ai. See Torture, <.
See
Pain, harass, persecute, tease,
Back. To extort a confession by
torture.
torture, <_j\jk*!UJi karrar it
Tormented, L_>JJI* mtcazzai. See
Tortured. To be tormented,
Tortured, C_WT_, *nu^zt}. See
Tormented.A torturer, <_JJJM
Tormenter, .
muÔKi'l'. See Executioner, tor
See Torturer,
\_hak.
mentor.
[tew
Torn (in pieces), ^j^Liu* mushakToss, . (throw), ^^ ram', _
Torpedo (fish), irjlc; raâdat
Toss, *. ^yj rami. See Throw.
Torpid, ^Lw^ katlan, J-Jo
See Sluggish, stupid, numb.
Tossed, tost, ^j-*-* inI. Sl
Torpidness, torpitude, torpor, ,JLC
Thrown.
Total, j kol, jUj tewaw,
See Sluggishness, dullness.
See Whole, complete, fol
TOU
993
TOW
The total, totality,
Tour, . ,^J tdiwr, *yJ dawra ;
jumlat, LK kolliyat.
(turn), jjJ dator.

Tow, 0,'wo Jcuttan, L,,-.^* kinnib.
Totally, UUJ tamamaa.

See Flax, hemp.
bil kolliyat, <LLt>- jumlatan,
Toward,
towards, t-J>Ja .1 litaraj,
<jLk:'lj i7 jumlah,
f*r nahu. He went towards
/I aljumlah.
him, ijjsiJljys Aa raA /wwATotter, p. J^fJj-J taxalwl,
tarajraj. Totterin
mutarqjrij.
Touch, 0. (^/ud Jamas,
mas,
is**- has.
^^
Touch (contact), (_/*-*! lama,

moss. The touch (sense or feel
ing), 4*uî!!j.i I; fin:iil alldmisah.
Towards the garden, tJ^la!

lafaraf al bustun. To
wards the city, iijjj,ljjaj lanahti
al madlnat, ^\ ila\
Toward, towardness, etc.
Docile, docility.
See
Towel, s.^^j bashklr.
Soft to the touch (as clothes, Tower, . _y burj. The tower at

plumage, etc.), *cl3 nH-îm.
chess, j rukh. The tower of
Touched, .fi^-^-t mamaus,
Babel, ,Jjlj_ j burj babil. The
,*tyk* malmus.
Touchable.
highest pinnacle of a tower, iî
See Tangible.Touchiness. See
sharfat (plur. cyUjJi sharfut}.
Peevishness.
Touchy.
See Towering (lofty), .^\A âli.
Irascible, peevish.
Town, i. <Uj Jc< madinat, jJj lalad,
Touching (in respect of), <UuJ
Ijkilaldat. See City, metropolis,
nttbatan, *t-,...'-Ui /,// nitbat.
capital. To storm a town, *ar*
Touchstone, . s_lxs-* muhak.
Touchwood, (vA^* sufun, U k&w.
Storm.
Tough (not brittle),^*ui-^rvi gJiayr Townsman, s. jJj,jj! ibn balad.
See Citizen. The town and
munkasir ; (stiff, not limber),
Jjliî ghayr tabil ; (difficult to
townsmen, _vJ?
al
J-.'...^'3vt]'
>j M
be chewed), uj3jcj3 la yunâlik ;
madlnat tea awldd al balad.
The town-hall or town-house,
(viscous, clammy), fjjj debek.
til mahkamah.
See Glutinous.
994
TRA
Trace, . tract (mark, yestige) <Clc
TRA
Trade, v. (traffic), ,UrJ^ Carnal
tijarah, jS~\2 t&jar.

-ij r<um, j\ asar (plur.
Trader,
*. jS>-\3 iajar (plur. j(ssT
Ut
utar).
,
fajjar}, i^j^jj^ bazirghun. See
Trace, v. (mark out), *-tj ratam.
Merchant, dealer.
Traced (marked), /- marsHm.
Tradesman, . (mechanic), _Tracer, *. (one who marks out or
Vubar
delineates), ,*_'j ratim ; (one who Tradition, L\
. Traditional,
(plur..j
investigates), (JuZA>i mufattiih.
See Searcher.
Track (path), (JJ,^> tarik,
Tract, . (district, quantity of land),
j\jj diyar, <U-li nuhiyat (plur.
maniul.
ST^
^ " ^'
Traduce, r. taham. See Calum
niate, slander, defame, censure,
condemn, blame.Traducement7
<i*gj tuhmat, ': ' iftira. See
SjtAi bukât (pi.

Slander, calumny, censure.A
See Region ; course.
^_
traducer, o^sjl* muftari. See

Calumniator, slanderer.
Traffic. See Trade ; (commo
Tractable, <iLl*/tJl J$~
dities), J '_;-' amtcal, j-''^
muiumalah,
*_
' rc_ --\-<-t mi'//..
- See
laduyi^. See Merchandize, wares.
Manageable, docile, tame, obse
Tragacanth (plant), jlu katad;
quious, obedient.
(gum), i^-i^ katlrah.
Tractableness, <ult! itaât. See
Tragedy, L;jL^>-y- tr&jldia. Set
Docility, tameness, obedience.
Misfortune, calamity, disaster.
Tractably, AclWtJ^j bikol itaât, Tragical. See Bloody, calamitous,
<i*jlLiJj bikol mul&yamat.
mournful, disastrous, dreadful.
Trade (traffic, commerce), ijlflf^1 Trail, >. j_>- /or, __~_s-' sahab.
iijdrat, jsi** matjar. See Ex
See Draw.To trail as a gar
change, business.A trade (em
ment on the ground, ks-1 4<Mla<.
ployment), jjj fawn, tjc~e sanât,
Trailed, jS^L* munjar, t_jjJusr*
ic.\â itnaât, ijjo- hirfah. See
f/w/zui.
Occupation.
Train, r. (educate, form to any(a treatise, small book),
ris&lah.
TEA
995
TEA
thing)
j ralba'. See Instruct, Trance, *. or transe (temporary

absence of the soul), 4-,. <*. f.
exercise ; also draw, trail.To
gliathyat.
train a horse, JLC lallatn.
[ghashydn.
Tranced (in a trance),

Train, s. (artifice, stratagem),
hilaft, _vo Icayd; (the tail of a Tranquil, ,_jjU ârfj. See Quiet.
gown), JjJ <fayJ (plur. JjjJ Tranquillity, Aa-l^, rdhat,
sakun, ^sLsMû-îi' itmmdn
dayul). The train of a bird,
al khdtir. See Quiet.
i_^_JJ danab. See Tail. A
train or series, ,ll:u nit&m. See Transact, r. ,_jL*_j tas&iaa!,
,Jjci (_Lf tamal shuyhl, <^Sf> '_j p V
Process, method.A train (fol
/<t ' ishtara' . See Manage,
lowers), j-J\jJ tatoulii,
negotiate, perform.
h-asham. See Retinue, proces Transacted, J-**^ munâmfl.
Transaction, *. iULj. mmateah,
sion.A train of artillery,
Jjlii'l ittifuk.
See Negotiation,
tea
management.
ârabflnut al madafi c_. Train (rail
Transcend, . <_--! *aiai, Jj:,jJi3
way), .XJ
ill I'll-.,
-.,
,*-^,*_
al hadld.
Traitor, *.
khaww&n.
Until(I ill
Wll
\^~ khuyin,
A bread and salt
traitor, J^l^j^sM^jp. Khawwan al khibi wal milk.

'Traitorous, ^f-jUs- kh&yin, Îjui
ghaddar. See Perfidious.Trai
torously, AjLrf-(JCi litol khiyd*.
\/
mat, i^Ji_c ghadran, jA_cJSo
^Lr>.^ bikol ghadrin wa khiyanat.
Traitress, . "Uls- khaynah.
Trample, v. l(jwlj rfds â?'.
takaddam tola', .^(j^ /^ _<*&'

See Pass, surpass, exceed, excel,
surmount, climb.
Transcendency,
ij taJtaddum
ittla', Jai /arf/. See Excellence,
pre-eminence.
Transcendent, transcendental,
afdal, J^lJ fddil, *
mutakflddim, * - ^ ^ ghfilili,
t_ -,!"--> mutayhallib, (\s fayik.

See Excellent, pre-eminent, su
perior.
Trampled, <uLc (^^ Jw mudas ialayhi. Transcribe, t>. J-.JL.I
nasakh. See Copy.
dayit.
Trampler, .
TEA
996
Transcript, . J& nakl, Air*1*-'

naikhah. See Copy.
Transfer, v. jjj*- hawwal, (JJu
TEA
AaÂf (plur. ilj btyhah),
mutajawiz.
Transient, transitory (momentary,
frail, fleeting), (Jli fani, jî
nakal. See Convey, carry, trans

port, remove.To transfer (pro
ki-oU ghayr sabit, JjU zdyi7.
perty, etc.), from one to another, Transiently (soon passing, slightly,
en passant), J'. "JV^;-' biturift
Jjij nakl.
Transferred, Jyu* mankul.
Transformation, transfiguration .^Jou Transientness, transitoriness, .u
CuL^t -.titi-ii,! astabat, UJl/t\c
(Ji-uJl taghylr ashshakl, '^**
maskh. The transfiguration of
âdain al laku.
Jesus Christ, ^^Lsxll.v .-/; %ld Transition, jj.c ^wiur. Transitive
nttajulll.
(having the power of passing),
Transform, transfigure, v. Jjii
jj+xi\^\i\i Mbil al ûbfir. A
badal, *** masakh, L_-Jj kalab.
transitive or active signification,
Transformed, iÂ_'.,^ munkalib.
To be transformed,
inkalab.
Transformer, . ^L m&sikh.
Transfuse, v. ,JJiJ nflia/.
Transfusion, ,J_iLj ai-/, .
hawalah.
Transgress, v. (go beyond bounds),
o-^-*-^ taiadda' ; (to offend
against any law, custom, etc.),
JjW' tajAwat. See Violate.
Transgression, |_Jk*j taâddl, ^-^
kJtata. See Offence, sin, crime,
fault, violation.
[mt<lq/<!u>tz.
Transgressing, transgressive,jjls
Transgressor, *. ^.-_v*- mutaâddz,
<L Ji*j taidiyat. A transitive or

active verb, ^VT -. ^(Jj _/!^f
mutaâddi.
Translate, v. (from one language to
another), ff^-JJ far/am. See In
terpret, explain ; also to transport,
remove.
Translated, ffrj*-* mutarjam.
Translator, ^L^*s-y tarjinnan.
tr^-j^t mwtarjim.
Transmarine (beyond sea), \j*^
j^~>\ mi'' iriin~i al bitfir ; (rare,
exotic), c^-jyc gharib, îjU
n&dir.
Transmigrate, v. JJuil intakal. See
Emigrate, travel.
997
TRA
TRA
Transmigration (passage from one Transplant, . JAJ waia^. Trans

plantation, JJii nakl. Trans
place to another), JUiiil intikal.
planted,
JJLi_x< muntakil. A
See Emigration.The transmi
transplanter, JjU waM.
gration of the soul, ir>l&J$l
attandsukh.
[muntakil. Transport, v. (carry from place to
Transmigrating, transmigrant,
Transmission, transmittal,
irsul.
Transmissive, transmitted,
mursal. See Sent.
Transmit, v. <J_p- hawwal, J~>^
arsal. See Send.
Transmutable, J^*V. yatahawwal,
\_ - -' yankalib.
Transmutation,
place), Jjii nakal.

Transport, transportation (convey
ance), JJiJ nakl.
Transported, Jy^ mankul.
Transporter, *. Jili nakil.
See
Carrier.
Transpose, v. ,=>-\jftî kaddam tea
akhkhar. To transpose one letter
in the place of another, *Ji_J
^î^l^^-i Jj^sT
(_ .is.Li-l kaddam wa akhkhar

,-\ lahwil shy ilai thy akhar,
al huruf.
ihulat. Transmutation of Transposition, transposal, J-_iJuj
metals, L~*. kimw.
tabdll, JutJs? tahrlf,
hawwal,
Transmute, v.
tashlf.
See Change.To trans Transubstantiate, v. (change sub
arnal
mute metals,
stance), J^=- hawwal.
klmia.
Transmuted,
Transverse, <i^ warJ. See Cross,
munkalib. A transmuter,
oblique. Transversely, ^-Jj^
bil warb.
muhcuowil, i_Jol* mukaUib.
Transparency, iilLi shafafat. See Trap, s. jJt..^. masyadah. See
Clearness, brilliancy.
Snare, ambush, stratagem.To
trap, Ji.v-.-.Ûi^C
Transparent, ^JlLi ahaffaf. See
Clear, bright, brilliant.
Transpire, v. (become public),
masyadut. See Ensnare.

li Trappings (for horses),
ar sJ/<lifii; (to Trash, JjUi nafdwah. See Dross,
perspire), ^^r
dregs, offals, refuse.
TRE
998
TRE
Travail, i. (labor in childbirth), Treasure.Jis Jhtu, Ajl^rikhazinah. See Riches,

v_,.>Ji- tiib.rf, i^_~.t:>-j_j tawajTreasures,
wealth, money.
jatat.
Travail, . (labor in childbirth), jAt
!:''(-
''/.', J-=r;J f'I 'I'':;/'" -
Treasure, . ^î- khazan.

Treasurer, . yjl*- WMI, ^j*Travel, v.îLi *a/r.
khazziln.
Travel, travelling, jLi safar, 4-L-t
niy&hah. See Journey.To set Treasury, . *~U*- khatinah, v^j
out on one's travels,
fjjj .U! -u-ii/it idla' attarik.
Traveller, *.yjL** mtu&fir.
Treacherous, ^.^ khuyin, j\s.
yhaddar. See Perfidious, traitor
JU11
:-.'/; [hence magaun in Spanish,

magazine in English]. The royal
treasury, ifÛUi0^s?! al khaznoi
al ^n mirah.
Treat, v. (negotiate, settle any

ous.
business), lîj^ lamal tkart,
Treacherously, <Ljl .S-J> M102
^_
khiyiinat, IjJu: ghadran.
flArf; (to handle,
manage), îb bathar; (to give
Treachery, trcacherousness, i)L~
an entertainment) AiL-j^^r
khiydnat, j&c. jhadr. See Per
-.mind diydfah ; (to discourse on).
fidy.
-y ^_sr c"""i.' -.,"'z.-;,:-(;-i7.'.. To
Treacle (a medicinal composition),
jb^J dirySk.
Tread, . ^!
treat ill,^f> kahar. See Oppress.

Treat, . iiL* diydfah. See en
tertainment.
[master.
.^ kadam. See Go, step, Treated (discoursed upon), jji
walk.
Treatise, *.
->^ A.
Tread (step, footing), *JLJ kadam.
muzakarah.
Treason, i_jl_,_>- khiyunat, ,J>i Treatment,
.
Treasonable, ,jjU>- khuyin, jlaj

yhaddur. See Treacherous, trai
torous, rebellious.
Good
n',,7y<;'.
Ill treatment, JA?

jqfa,jf>- jmer.
See
THE
999
TRI
Treaty, . J^ tahd. A treaty of Tremendous, i_jji'* mukhuf,

peace, f-'a'\{^\f-\i\ .X* muzdmuhul. See Horrible, terrible,
kttrat ahwal al sitlh, <Lk.L*o_*
tnusdlahat.
[saldiat ad^df.
Treble (threefold), i_JL*JtLjU
Tree, s-jf** shajar, */=" thajarah.
Trees, j^s*1^ athj&r, Ci.%^rs~)
shajarat. The infernal tree (the
devil), /j_j^Jlir_s-- thajarat
dreadful, awful.
Trench, ^^^ khandaJc,
mata.ru, ^..n-v^ tahiln.
Ditch.
Trepidation, i_jji- kliawf.
Terror, tremor.
Trespass, to trespass, etc.
See
See
See
Transgression, etc.
Tresses,
JjlJcj- jadHyil. See Curl,
planted with trees, a grove or
lock of hair.
thicket of trees, jsP^* mmhjir.
Tressed (curled), JjJcE-* majdul.
See Forest, grove, thicket.
azzakum.
Abounding in trees,
Trefoil, Ji^ trefle. See Clover. Trial (experiment, examination),

imtihdn, toff* tajribah,
Trellis, s. i_K~l- mushdbbak. See
tafahhu* ; (endeavor, at
Lattice, grate.
tempt),
!-*-! *a^f, A>- y<wW,
Tremble, v. JjO;l irta-.ad,
Ji^>- _/oA^ ; (temptation, test of
irtaâsh, ,_|jJ^_j tazalzal,
virtue), \js\ ighwu. ; (judicial
rajaf. See Shake, totter, stagger.
examination), j; .a ~g^ tahk'd
To tremble as the earth, JjJjJ
(plur. CuUJiatr tahklkut).
tuxakul. To tremble with cold,
t_868B" takafknf. To cause to Triangle, . L^jJici^l^ musallat
. Triangular, AjLJ<0
tremble, u_i&-j rtyjaf.
Trembling, tremulous, ^* 1 saldaat zawdya.
Tribe,
*.
/y
knwm, *ilSp tdyifah ;
murtaiish. Trembling, tremour,
ra^th, X&AJ ra^dat, J]jJj
(or family), <d-.J kabllah (plur.

kabdyit), Sj~Z+c. ituhlrat
irta^Ssh.
Tribulation t>l^Lc\ ittirdb, *c
Tremblingly, j
.9Ai, Jl aâm. See Trouble,
bikol irtiâth via. irti^&d, *>\*j\l)
vexation, distress, persecution.

It irti^Sd.
TRI
TRI
1000
judicially), *U- hakim, ,

mahkamah,
Tribunal, a.
lj/^>J diwan.
See Judge ; a&o test.
î ?oAay, ^jj^J
Tributary, <Sj Is
ajja- Trifle, .
iiyah. See Subject.A. tribu
yuzkdr. Trifles, cU
tary .of the Saltan, ^J timml.
Tribute, -J^ri. kharuj, tjjs^ jatiyah. Trifling (wanting worth, unimport
ant), jLir\ Alt* mulatto iitibar,
See Tax.
\_âyn.
*~*j <. ghayr muhimm. See
Trice (in a)
>. /
Trick, s. iL^~ Illicit, j.rL mul-.fili.
Trivial.(foolish, without mean
ing), JJLcL bilu iaM. See Silly.
See Artifice, fraud, deception,
Triflingly, JL-_ilL Jte itiiler,
juggle. (habit),
It
Trick, v.
Carnal hilah.
ijUL bild liyakat.
âla' . See Triform, J^LiJIC-1^. mulatto* ti

Deceive, defraud ; oho to dress,
shakl. A Trigon. See Triangle.
adorn, decorate.
Trilateral, ^JljJltlJi^ mutaHu
Tricker, s. LysXcL malaîbjl. See
al jatcanib.
Cheat, juggler.Trickish, ÎC Trill, *. (shake in muaic), vy
makkdr.
tarannum, s~*J>J naghmah.
Tricked (cheated), <uLe<_Jj*_L- Trim, i_i^l? zarl/, u_a,.y Jatt/.
Hitil-.ii.b -n'ciijlii, j) jL maghrur.
See Neat, nice, tight.
Tricked out (adorned), ,.iJj-< Trim* or trim up, . w->
,J ; zayym,
muzayyan. See Dressed.

*lai natzam. See Drees, decorate,
Trickle, v. laiu nakkat. See Drop.
adjust.
Trick-track (a game at draughts), Trim (dress),
sajak. See Ornament.
Tried (brought to the test),
Trimmed (dressed), ^j* mvaayym.
mujarrab. See Test.
Trimming (ornamental appendages
Triennial (every three years),
on garments), (JuLtS totUtuk,
dU&W hCtshiyah.
^j-i-sijij ô^ salasat sanln.
Trier, *. t_J^s- miy'arrib,
Trine, *. (triangular aspect of stars),
MumMtm ; (one who examines
TBI
1001
TRO
Trinity, *. ^.xMojjSliM atsSlus

hakir. See Trifling, vulgar
al akdas.
worthless.
Trip, v. (stumble), ^Îs-Jj tazahlak. Trivially, j\f -.r.lL 4i7o idibar
See Slip, slide, (to fail, err),
j . g ,-v ^fcf-_yj biwajhin hakir
Ik^-iJ^ tamal khatu, ^j zalak,
Trivialness, jl.-. r.Âc â^flM
iitibar, Sj\Ao- hakilrat.

Trip, *. (stumble), <idaiLj sakta, t&j
zalka. See Slip.(a mistake), Triumph, jLaii! intisar, ji&o tafar
_j$-j sahti, ILi. khata. See Error,
XjOLi nasarat. See Victory, con
blunder.
[al atraf.
quest.(joy for success), -^s.'
Tripartite, (.jy^ltjJji* musattas
ibtihaj. See Exultation, rejoicing
Tripe, ^ ]' -" - masdrln. See Triumph, v. (^jijasj\ intasar âla'

Intestines, guts.The rough tripe
jo zafar, t_ J.r. ghaldb. Sei
of beasts which chew the cud,
Conquer.(to rejoice), r>rsj;
iî kirsh (plur. \J*)_f kurush).
lamal/arah. See Exult, shout.
Tripedal, |Jjj!,L$jdj Mo salasat Triumphal, ^Sj-ai nasrl.
akdam.
Triumphant, triumphing, j. ,-a:-.,
Triple, t^Jk* mwalltu,
arfj.d/. To triple,
See Treble.
Triplet, . CAA. rmisattas.
mansur.
See Victorious.Tri
it
wa iftikMr.
[Triumphant
Triumpher, t.jyai* mansur. Sa
Triplicate, tripled, iJ-Jj-* musallat. Troop, *. d_cL^_j?- jamaât

Triplication, ii~l*J <*??.
Ijji firkat, _^_i /afr;'. Troop
Tripod, L..J rtia.
(army), ^c. ictikwr, tji.^f>
Trite (not new, common), jjj
jaysh. See Soldier, army. Tc
kadlm, jjjJL* mashhur, *l*
assemble troops, -L^cj..^^
See Stale, old, vulgar, trivial.
jama^ taskar. See Levy, review
Triteness, iî shuhrat.
enlist.In troops, U-!jj\ UftJ
Trivet (for supporting a pot), L.-J
afwajan aftcajan.
[Horseman
slid. See Tripod.
Trooper, . Jlli- khayyal. S
Trivial, îLut1<JU mfilaho i<.til>/tr, Trope, s. (figure of speech), i',L*
TRO
1002
TRU
itburat majaziyah, -'.A^
Troubler, . ^
mukaddar. See
kinayat.
Disturber.
Troublesome,
mukaddir. See
-jJ;
ghanimat.
TroTrophy, .
phied, *j Ic (// f? ,;
Vexatious, uneasy, painful, importunate,impertinent.Troublesomely, ^jJ^Jîjjuajj^j i ';;
Tropic of Cancer, ^
duyirat rus assartan, ^
AAa assartan.
Capricorn,
The tropic of
<*srflt ?ca takdlr. Troublesomeness, _.; A-; lii-vl/-.. See Trouble.
^.v yi/î^s>M
Trousers, ^j^bxj pantalon.

duyirat rus al jadl, ,_$Jus) llaTrowel, . (for spreading plaster,
///// aljadi.
etc. on walls), ALu- mailafah,
Trot, 0. J^^b harteal. A trot,
To plaster with a trowel, c_"^
trotting, <Ji|r& hartoalat.
layyas. See Plaster.
Troth. See Truth, fidelity.
Truce, t. Ai<M hudnal, <Uolf mTrouble, v-j>) %awkar,j3& kaddar,
hadanah. See Peace, cessation.
<jZni shawtvasJi, _Ssl_srlc A-o Truck, c. (traffic by exchange),
sadda^ al kh&tir. See Distress,
dljLî Jwf ^flmoi MuhtJil'J,!',. See
vex, torment, plague, afflict,
Barter, exchange, traffic.
grieve, perplex, tease, importune. True, JjjLp arfi, ^j-Jb yak'm, fjTo trouble one's- self or be
hakk, ^yii^b- î-iii, ^^1=^ anxious about anything,
hakkak, ^s?0 sahih. See Right,
4lU. kaddar hulaho.
real, just, even, honest, faithful,
Trouble, j-^-x-^' tuxtl/-.,, Jl
*^ ghatn, <U..-.a_i saklah, * + \
zahmat, <SjJ^ aziyah. See Dis
genuine, certain.True intelli

gence, -s\js-5V=^ khalar sahih.
True-born (also true-bred), ,J-.e'
^_
turbance, perplexity, vexation,

asil, âi\je~ hurr al tul.
grief, injury, molestation.
Truffle, . L*^ kama. See Mushroom.
Troubled, (_Û3. muttarib. To Trull, *. iio-li fahifhah. See
be troubled (vexed), iJuo <aBunter, whore.
kaddar, **Ji angham ; (to be op Truly,
J /i a/
pressed),^;! iwfar.
1- ,U: t
TRU
1003
attahklk,
lissidk,
yatonan.
TRU
dit in money matters),
lil halt, IxJb

See Really, certainly, Trust, v. (place confidence in),
ifil i^tamad iM. See
exactly, indeed.
Tramp up, v. ^..-vj-.jjjj^ Carnal
Believe, credit, rely, expect;
(to sell upon credit), ôJljcl)
tadblr toa hllah. See Devise,
feign, forge.
ide. biddayn ; (deposit),
Trump, trumpet, s.^-ii naflr, J^J
wadat amdnah.
bnk (plur. JjW dbwdK). Drums Trustee, *. (j^t\ amln,
and trumpets, jJujâ tabl tea Truster, s. .Xt^x* mu^
See
naflr.
Believer.
Trumpet, trumpeter, s. jj^J batewdk.
Trustiness, AjL^ amanat,
Truncate, 0. g_Vi kata^. See
amaniyat, A<'_&., "...M istikamat.
maim, mutilate, lop, cut.Trun
See Honesty, fidelity.
cated, c ^LiL maktu^. [Baton.
Truncheon, t. t_. ^...-i' kadib. See Trustless,
amdnah.
Trunk, . (of a tree), A*ji karmah
muitndaho
See Faithless.
.^^^ suhib amdnah,

(plur. ,f+\j> fatrami),j-***1^' Jj" Trusty,
j_-_"-.v.- -T Mustafa HI. See True,
<Si aisajar. See Stump.The
trunk of an animal, ,jJJ badan.
honest, faithful.
An elephant's trunk, i^j-Js^- Truth, jArf rfi, <_- AaM, ALJikhartHm, J-^lUjLj^ khartam
hakikat, A-jl^1 amanat. Set
alfll. See Proboscis.A trunk
Honesty, fidelity, constancy, vir
for clothes, etc., JjJ^-c sanduk,
tue, exactness.The undisguised
sandukah. See Chest.
truth, *<yJ^J^l a/AaA assarlh
^
Trust (confidence),
iitimad âla\ Jlill ittikdl,
tawakkul. Tmst in God,
.'ill J^s tawakkul âla1 it Hah. See
Faith. (charge), !^ hawalah;
(a deposit), *jll amanat; (cre-
Truth is bitter, ^^^^1 atta^

rr.
In truth, <Jh=>-y btthafc

fi al haMat, ^
i. See Truly
verily.Against the truth of th<
TUM
1004
khtt&f
matter,
nafg al amr.
Try, v. (make an experiment, at
tempt, endeavor), ^j^^\ imtahan, (_jjuo .?, J^s-j*Jc>-J^
Carnal jadih/u) wa jahdaho ; (ex
amine, search into, investigate),
ua^s? fahas. See Examine, in
vestigate, bring to the test, essay,
purify, refine. To try (law
suits, criminals, etc.) <Ujî>J*?
TUR
tearman, ^ jL* manfukh.
Protuberant, inflated.
See
Tumor, pjj waram.

Tumult, . Aiii fitnat,
Tumultuary,
tajat.
tumultuous, <ffj
murtaj, \s>-^\j^ katlr <aaaham, <LcJjJ zujitnat.

Tumultuously,
tumultuarily,
& v '.. ,ij Lagjlj bi irtijajin tea
fitnah.
Tumultuousncss,
tumultuariness,
^c. Carnal sharlâh âla'.
<uJ fitnah. See Tumult.
Tube, s. s-^1' <'<<'" "'" (plur. i_~~oM Tun, t. .'w'1'.il- luit "in lit. .^.- fun.
anubzb), k__-J_J lawlab. See
Tune, . <Cju naghma (plur. c^.'
Pipe, siphon.
tuighmat), *l_L makam,
Tuck, . i_a...i sayf. See Sword.
uKi'l. See Harmony, melody :
Tuesday, Uîll**.! yawn astalasah.
(./.>" temper, disposition, humor.
Tuition, <^jJ tarbiyat, *lxj ''-.- Tune, r. ^^.T-'^'I^- -.<:< al naghma,
llm, ^_,^j'o /i'.'','/i, (dajls"* muJtj naghghtun.
hafasah. See Education, guardian
ship.
Tulip, i. JUjjii. khizdma.
Tunefully, <U*i5l Jêlc.-oj-^*,,!*

â/a" mujib usul annaghma.
Tunic, . Lj) iaid,jLij htnluz.
Fumble, v. (fall down), k.,ii..,. Tunicle, lAi ghishn. See Covering.

./.'/, J^JJ taharkal. To tum
Tunnel, . **s Jeum^. See Pipe.
ble or roll about, p-^*- Jo tadahraj.
(a passage for smoke),
Tumble, s. \sjiL> sukat,
tadahruf, tjj<*J tadarhtl.
mudkhana.
Tunny, . (fish), ^ ton.
See Turban, . <Llfr îmumat.

Tumor. To tumefy. See Swell. Tuibid, jJtx* mutakaddir,
tumefaction,
waram.
himid (swelling, swollen), ^L^j
See Muddv, thick.
TUR
1005
inkhibat. See
Turbidness,
Muddiness.
Turbulence, L ^\\-,J,\ ittiral,
fitnat. See Tumultuousness, sedi
tion.
Turbulent, <V.rji. H v_^g* muhil al
TUB
j' tarjam ; (to transform),
masakh; (to become), jLo
sar. To turn (go or walk round),
^,!j dar. To turn away, turn off
(dismiss), Jlc âial,j><2dashshar.
To turn the eyes (towards any
fitnat. See Tumultuous, disobe

thing), sjajj\tl dar nazaraho. To
dient, seditious.
turn (in a lathe), ^J>- kharat.
Turbulently, <~->\j}a~e\j .&, -. -...iJSo Turn, turning, *. (the act of turn
likol fitnatin wa ittiral. See
ing, circular motion), Jjâe0
Seditiously.
[swelling.
tahwll, jt dawr, ^\jj^ dawaran;
Turgid, iîjj warm/in. See Tumid,
(a walk), ,<^< mashi ; (walk to
Turk, s. cL^3 turk (plur. ti/l^jl
and fro), -rj& tafarruj, (^j^3
atrak), <jbi= ôsmaMz,
The
sayrdn ; (a change, vicissitude),
Emperor of the Turks,
<_jiLiiJ\ inkilal, (Jjâr tahwll;
^l*i Sultan bani
(occasion, convenience), &*oj-i
Turkish, Îj} turki. Turkish
fursah. See Opportunity.
writings, sayings, or things,
(manner, cast, form), Sjyo surah,
tuL^J turkiyat. A Turkish
shikl; (disposition of mind),
slipper, -F-^V b&buj.
masJiral, -?\^* niKdj, ^c
Turkey, . (large domestic fowl),
tab^. See Temper.A turn (time,
^y.V.lM ' Cî,\ ,///- liiillll.
periods), jjO dawr. By turns,
Turkey (country of the Turks),<Ll_j jJl
jjjJb Ml dawr. Turns (vicissi
^jUd*!1 addawlat al ôsmaniyat.
tudes of fortune, etc.),
Turmoil. See Trouble, disturbance.
inkilabut, i ij\â sawarif.
Tiirn, v. (put into a circular motion), Turned (changed) t_-JjL- mimkaKb,
,jj dawwar,j\<2 dar ; (to put the
jjju5^ mutabaddil, u-Jj,^^ matupside downward), t---Jj kalab;
ruf. Turned back (repulsed),
J^-- mardud, c .;-\. madfu^ ;
(to change, alter), J^s. ghayyar.
(bent back), _*- muâwwaj.
See Convert.(to be changed),
Jjk-jl inladal; (to translate),
See Bent.(translated),
TWE
1006
TWI
mutatyam, Jyii-^ mankul. Turned Tweedle, t. (touch lightiy), cAiJ

dagJdagh. See Tickle.
away,
ma^zul. Turned
in a lathe,
Turner, s.
of turning,
Turnip, . c
Tweezers, SUL malkut. To paH

makhrut,
hairs from the face, etc., with
kharrat. The art
tweezers, U /.,/(;'.
^ri- kharata.
lift.
Turnsol (plant),jK! akrtir,

^~A!! dawwar ashshams.
Turpentine, ^^x^L tarmintln.
Turpitude, J^
.lc tdr, <>_~<c
id-Lj kabuliah. See Baseness,
Twelfth, s.yUiJU idnz

Twelve, ^LcLjl wna
Twelvemonth, *. <U-.- rana^. See
Year.
Twentieth, *. ^yie C/-M- ;
Twenty,
depravity, vileness, deformity.
Turquoise or turkoise, *. (a gem), Twice, ij-Jy* H<wrotfn. Once or
twice, ^^_<.'.y i,: fin-nl. av
"JiJ^ fayruiah, ^j}J^fayruzaj.
Turtle or turtle-dove, *. JL*lw>marratin. To do any thing twice,
hamama/t, <ttj yamumah. A
karrar fid a*h$liay,
sea-turtle or tortoise, * *'
marratin. See Repeat.
Tutelage, *-i)ti tajkm,
Twig, . ^jc. tiri, j
tacftl). See Tuition, guardianship.
llâs ghrtsn.
Twilight, *. (of the morning), <_&*
shafiikfjS? f<y'*f- See Dawn.
J-; ii'dlil, *!.*. mil .ttlliiii. See
The evening twilight, ^j-JL-i
Guardian, preceptor.
(-J.yill shafuk al gJmrub. See
Tutty, LJ^J tafia. A collyrium of
Crepuscle.
tutty for anointing the eyes, J.s^
Twin,
twins, . ,*y tovm. gee
InK
Twang, . (sharp quick sound),
Gemini, twin-horn.
<ukik tantanah, (j^> tanin. See Twine, L-ri- khayt. See Thread.
Tone.To twang, AJ^J^f towa^ Twined, fj
See
ranna.
[squeeze.
Twisted.
Tweak, v. âc. itut. See Pinch, Twinkle, twinkling, . (sparkling
TWO
1007
of a star), j-* lamt. The

twinkling of the eye, ^
tarfat al <,ayn, Z-s.'*4 lamhat,
The two hands, yljJ yaddn,

^Jj yadln. One of the two,
l^Jo-1 ulnul hiliilfi.
. lahzat. See Wink, glance. Two-edged, ^JO-A! laho haddin.

In a twinkling, ^pc-tîsr! li
See Edge.
[Double.
lahsat %ayn, ^fS^yuu bi ghamiat Twofold, i_icLii mudd-.af.
See
c_ *
Tymbal, *. JJj <J?. See Tabor.
Twinkle, v. (as a star), *_-+! lama-.. Type, . Â-JAiL*"....^ ixliska
See Sparkle.To twinkle as the
>jjis s)7r< aslitiat,
*
eye,Jî ghamat.
See Emblem, mark,
Twist, v. *j} Inn-am, Jsj fatal.
stamp.
Twist, twisting, . *ji barm. A Tyrannical, tyrannic, tyrannous,
twist or string, %-"*- khayt. See
JU; zalim, jL-s>- jdyir. See
Thread, twine, cord, rope.
Cruel, imperious, oppressive.
Twisting two threads together, Tyrannically, Jljjw izio/ zfe,
j baratn. Twisting one's-self,
lil; zulman.
i_?jfl!o talawtca'.
\maftul. Tyrannicide, ,JUal!JjJi katl atsst&lim.
Twisted, f>)j?~* mdbrum, <^fJ-* Tyrannise, v. -LJ; salam. See
Twister, . Jlii fattal. See RopeOppress.
[jabr.
maker.
Tyranny, Jii Z/OT, jjs>- jawr, j*e*Twitch, v. CiA_cJ daghdagh. See Tyrant, . |Us- jabb&r, !ll9 zUlim.
Tickle, twinge, snatch, pluck.
Tyro, . Ji-^Jo talmlz. See Scholar.
Twitch, . <i-;A^ J daghdaghah.
tTwitter, K. (make a sound like a
U.
swallow, etc.),
U has three sounds, as in 'usage,'
sarakh misl al watw&t.
' pull,' ' but.' The sound given
Twitter, . (tremulous sound),
ii'n! icnlnh ; (mental emotion),
to M in ' usage ' is clearly that of
i_.'yiji ittirab.
a diphthong. In Arabic ortho
graphy it may be produced (if
'Twixt, ^ bayn. See Betwixt.
short)
by ,_j with the mark
Two, jjlij! iitnCtu, ..j~J\ atnln.
UMB
1008
UNA
damma ( ) over it ; if long, by

place : aha shadow. (resent
ment), _ - - -j <- gJiadab. Um
the same syllable followed by a
quiescent j ; as in the words
brageous, J-lii ;rtW. See Shady.
. <-'
i >-/
> yflw/, Ûjj yunan, etc.
Umbrosity (shadiness) ,Jij zi7/.
The sound of w, as in ' pull,' is Umbrella, . <U
thamtiyah.
expressed, or is supplied by the Umpire, . ^^ . want. See Mediator,
vowel point
damma ( ),
arbitrator.
Un.
This negative and privative
expressed or understood, as in
j
(
particle is generally expressed by
tJj^ dwreb, to be beaten.' The
- 1 malaho, .*. ghayr, Sj Wo,
short u in but ' is, in the same
<JLC -.a t/,',,1, *JAC -.nJ'ii'i, as:
manner, expressed by the vowel
Unable, iilJdJL-. malaho k furat.
point <tssj fatha ( ), as in
See Impotent, weak.
darab, to beat.' But as the
ghayr amvowel points are omitted in most Unabolished,
Unacceptable,
Jjr
.
.
^
..r
manuscripts, practice must be
makbul. See Disagreeable.
the chief guide.
Ubiquity, ^L* Jal Unaccomplished, J^L&^c
kdmil. See Incomplete.
hudur fi kol makdn.
Unaccountable,
_ytJl^.-.V4.< MWIUgliness, Acl
lashaât. See
ashsharh, ^LJ^J..-^^^
al laydn. See Inexpli
cable,
odd,
strange.
Uglily,
Ulcer, ulceration, . _Js Jcarh, (plur. Unaccustomed (not habituated),
_ . .J /,'/"/<', <<J^J J dunbilah.
i^f^j^s. ghayr mutawicad, Jts.i
^-jLxc! ghayr i-Myudi. See Un
See Sore. Ulcerous, ulcered,
common.
\_mukarrar bM.
c>VJU ia*ruA.
Unacknowledged, ijjjt^j^c. ghayr
Ultimate, jS- 1 dA>. See Last.
Turptitude, loathsomeness.
Ugly, ^lax*I!ûJi kabih al manzar.
-n
Ultimately, *%1 <- *~1 diAiran. See Unacquainted (not having familiar
knowledge or intercourse), jfS.
FinaUy, lastly.
[iaAr.
îjjLjtJ ghayr mutn-.ar(f
Ultramarine, jrfJ|^c.J /J âJr oi
ma-.
; (not informed), _lli. _^
Umbrage, Jix OTMZ^. See Shady
UNA
1009
UNB
li ghayr mutalla^ j_i

j~- mama-Jw khabar.
--i ghayr
Unadored,
Unbecoming, unbefitting, J^
ghayr mwcafik, (j^j?*- ghayr
layik. See Indecent. \_mawlud.
Unadorned,^ '^tjîghayr muzayyan.

Unadvised, Jjlt ghafil, j+iju'L
bila tadbir. See Imprudent,
thoughtless, rash.
Unaffected (real, not hypocritical),
lni!,~il !.. See Open, sin
cere, candid.
Unanimous, <_-* muttafik. Unan
imously,
biwajh al
ittifak, *UUj! ittifakan. [cord.
Unanimity, Jjli ittifak. See ConUnanswerahle,
?<j jawal
laho.
Unappeasable,
la yarham.
See Implacable, obdurate.
Unbegotten,
ghayr
Unbelief. See Infidelity, incre
Unarmed, J^*"-*^ ghayr masallah.

Unasked, t~-Jâs*.*2. ghayr matlub.
Unassisted, jLcLu.-. ghayr musaâd. See Unaided.
Unattainable, â^^ la yutahassal.
Unavailing, iAjlJA_jt ma bihi
fayidah. See Useless.
dulity.To unbelieve. See Dis

believe. An unbeliever. See
Infidel.
Unbeseeming. See Unbecoming.
Unbidden. See Unasked, uninvited ,
spontaneous.
[tawaswit.
Unbigoted,
r^~Ji ghayr muUnbind, v. Jj- hall. See Loose.
Unblameable, /^
hak. See Innocent.
Unblemished, i_r
mS, bihi
Unblest. See Accursed, unhappy.
Unbodied. See Incorporeal, im
material.
Unborn, tS
ghayr mawlud.
-.i ghayr tniuUnborrowed,
iaâr.
mahlnl.
See
Unbound,
Loose.Unbound (as a book),
jLsr*j~. ghayr mujallad.

Unauthorised, ^^sutj^s. ghayr nui- Unbounded, JjAs-^-..c ghayr
mahdud.
See Infinite. Un
fawwad.
boundedly,
iJjUiib
bila nihayat.
Unawares (without thought)
ghafil. See Inconsiderate, thought Unbrace, v.
hall. See Loose.
[Ill-bred
less.(unexpectedly),
relax.
c.ala' ghaflah. See Suddenly.
Unbred, <_ J% bila adab. Set
UNO
1010
uxc
Unbribed, Jlr^^-j; ghayr tnubartal. Uncharitable (giving no alms),

x'i.v..- H ,î _vr. âtftm auadakah.
Unbridled, Ssî^c ghayr madbut.
See Hard-hearted.(not benevo
See Unrestrained, licentious.
lent, illiberal), Âj rtufc. See
Unbroke, unbroken, ^J>^*^rf*
ghayr mankud. See Inviolate.
Malevolent. Uncharitableness,
AO c.^.nÂr- iadam ashihafaiuth.
Unbuilt,
ghayr mabni.
Uncharitably, <U
Unburied,
i ghayr tnadfun.
lL
i
ghayr
mahruk.
Unburnt, ^
shafakah.
iw.z~.nl al Unchaste,
ghayr
Unburthen, .
hatnl.
See Incontinent, lascivious.UnUnbutton, v. j\fj^^~ îa^ d asrar.
chastity, *i(*- thahtcat. See In
Uncalled (not invited), ^Js^-.i
continence, lasciviousness, lust.
ghayr mac.zutn. Not called for Uncheerfulness, LLuuJ^1/*
(not demanded),
al inbiiat. See Melancholy.
matlub.
Uncircumcieed,
Uncertain (not known),
ghayr ma^lum, (JJLS.'*J~. ghayr Uncircumspect,
muhakkak. See Doubtful.(un
ba-sirat, ulsLc ghafil. See Im
settled. irregular), ^j-jtî ghayr
prudent, uncautious. [Unpolite.
mttâyyan, c^-jl^-ji ghayr sabit ; Uncivil, 4__>jlL bila ndab. See
(hesitating, perplexed), ^.jLs- Uncivilized, J3..L-. ghahz, ,<*i,->-j
hayir.
tcahshi. See Eude, savage, in
Uncertainty (want of information),
decent.
shak, c-jLj,' irtiyub,
Unclarified, ^*o*.+s.ghayr musaffir .
shubhah. Uncertainty of mind, Uncle, s. (father's brother), *
.v^-^ fin i/rat. See Hesitation.
-." i i~< in (pi.
Unchain, v.ji^s\ iIJo /ai aIjamlr.
(a mother's brother), Jl>Unchangeable, unchanged (not alter
(plnr. J\y>-l akhtoal).
able), îj'L 4t7d taghayyw.
Unclean, uncleanly,
Unchanged (not altered), jJc~j+.
<oAr. See Foul, dirty, polluted ;
ghayr tmttagfayyir.
unchaste, sinful.
UNC
1011
UND
Unclipped, t âJLt^c. ghayr maktu-,. Unconcerned (cold, unfeeling), J_.U

band. See Indiiferent. Un
Unclose, v. -AJ fatah. See Open.
concernedly (unfeelingly, coldly),
Uncoined, (JJjSL-^-j:. ghayr maslikol burudat.
kak.
[a^.
Unconnected
(not joined), ^.... ,r
Uncollected, c ^srî ghayr majUncolored, ^jl^x ghayr mttlate-
i__jjL*- ghayr maituf; (not con

nected by society, partnership,
etc.), CJjij-j~ighayrmu8htarak.
wan.
Uncomeliness,
jLS ictdam
Uncover, v. (_c**X kashaf.
[l&k.
aljamal.
Uncreated, î^s^j^s. ghayr makhUncomfortable, Jj - -.-=
makbul, ^jjhyijfh. ghayr muwdfik. Uncropped, ^juLi^s.ghayr mdktv.^.
Unction, ^*u^* mash, ^ysJ dahn.
Uncommon,
na(?*r,
nadir al
. See Extraordi Unculpable, t_-^JJ*lL miilahozanb.
See Blameless.
nary, rare, singular.An un
common thing, XjJ\-j nadirah Uncultivated (as a country), ^c
jym<* ghayr murmur; t_jl^
(plur. jJ\J nawadir).
kharab, ^^- khall; (not civilised
Uncompact, c^-S^.-.i ghayr muor instructed), îX^s^-u
rakkab.
mutamaddin. See Rude.

Uncompelled, ybtj~ ghayr mulUncurable, incurable, v.
tazim. See Unforced.
ghayr kabil ashshafa.
Uncompounded (not mixed), jc.
Uncurrent, ^W-^jji ghayr jarl.
ghayr mukhlut.
Uncompressed,
ghayr Uncut, t yai^-ji ghayr maktu^.
Undamaged, j^j^tj^s. ghayr madmahsiir. See Uncompact.
rur.
Unconceivable, inconceivable. See
Undaunted, j*L^-L_^>-L- sahib
Incomprehensible.
Unconcern, unconcernednoss, unconjaraat. See Brave, bold, intrepid,
cernment (coldness, unfeelingcourageous. Undauntedly,
ness), (_/-'s-^ *>' ladam al hats.
i'L?- bikoljaraat.
See Indifference. (negligence), UndeceivaWe,
ihmdl.
See Sagacious.
1012
UND
Undeceived, j)j*
Undecided,
'-- ghayr
:. ghayr maktiii.
Undecisive,
Undefaced (not ruined),
UND
jjb ghayr baligh. Under (lower, '
inferior, subordinate),
asfal. Under the

Utarlkh.
Underdo, v. (do less
or can),j.;a.iL'ulr
Undergo, v. J--^"
date of, f^J^>

than one ought
Carnal taktlr.
tahammal,
Undefeasible, indefeasible (not to be

annulled), L,'^1-' ?d yabtal.
sabar. See Suffer.

\_ard.
Underground, ôjl\o~acr1 faAl J
Undefined, _ . ... _^ ghayr m<uhUnderhand, .yisr*^ *# maihfl.
ruh. Undefinable,
See Clandestine, clandestinely.
ijuycJ\ yAayr AdJ7 attatrif.
Underline, v. (draw lines under
Undeformed, jlai^l^
words), fJULMc^k-lkiA
^ manzar,
shakhat astur taht al kalam.
See Hand
Undermine,!'. v^c-ÂJ nakab hghia.
some.
[rur.
Undermined, <_-;yLx* mant&b.
Undelighted, j^ju^tjî. ghayr masUnderneath, c:-^!<^ /<iA<. [niaihfi.
Undemolished, ^~J^jSf*jJi ghayr Underplot, . Âsr^Jj te<fSir
makknib.
Underprize, under-rate, v.
See
Undeniable, ^ Cu, ^_^ ghayr mankiir.
Undervalue.
See Clear evident.Undeniably. Understand, v. *fj fehem, tîji
t
See Clearly.
adrak. See Comprehend, con
Undeplored. See Unbewailed.
ceive, perceive.
Undepraved, iûi^.ji yAayr maf- Understanding (intellectual powers),
iud.
(plur.
Undeprived, ^ÂJ^ ghayr
ofham), cJljjl VirdA,
Under (beneath), cu~af taht. From
^Li,J^' <d kfncat al mudrilxt,
Ac -.i/,,i, A^ki ./?<<. See Skill,
under, Lâ^'j- ' <oA<. From
under him, û.^',. .,* mtn tahtihi.
intelligence, knowledge.
Under the castle,
Understood, *>-< mafhum, ^ . . _i.<
taht al Li'.-.-'l Under age, ^-i
madrdli, ^_'^.. ma^rtl/, v-<-.
1013
UND
UND
bite
See Undeservedly,
Intelligible.
utihkak.
"Undertake, v. (assume any business, Undeserving, ^J^^-c
set about anything), ^jlc*j_c Undesigned, undesigning (not in
ala1, ^îilj bashar fi,
tended), i3ya&*j*c. ghayr makiiid.
Undesigning (open, withoutfraud)
Carnal, ^,J*~> *jZ A 0-î
jjLs sadik. See Sincere.
See Attempt, try, ven
ture, hazard.(to promise or Undesired,
engage one's word for anything),
Acj waâd, Jj takaffal,
Undesiring, (_^>c!_,* gJtayr raghib.
MU-.kul.
See Indifferent, careless.

tadamman, J^xJ ta-.ahhad. To
undertake aj ourney,jAuJ 1 ^Lc *lc Undestroyed, i^tjjsfj .. r.
z<it ittla' assafar, ^-jJ tawajjah.
makhrub. Indestructible,
^d yukhrab.
Undertaken, undertook, a_yiL.,
mubdshar bihi,
mashru^. Undeterminable,
mumtani-^ atiakdir,
Undertaker, a.^
mubashir.
idi*7 attahdld.
Undertaking, t.
mubaiharah, ]e. =.::/ ; (work), Undeterminate, undetermined (un
,n :' jimalah.
Undervalue, . (to despise),
settled),
Undetermined (irresolute), .
^lr ,XA* ghayr mu-.tamid s.ala'.
ihtakar, 0,^1 aM
nakka* famataho. See Despise,
Irresolution, ^Lcjla...-.-.^!.*^
contemn, underprize.
âdam al i^timad âla' r&y.
Undervalue (to put at a low price), Undigested (as meat),
amman tamaniedti.
ghayr munhadim ; (not arranged).
Underwrite,t;. Li
-i ghayr mantum.
Undescribed,
j-r ,'//'vr Undiminished, JliL/., ghayr mumawfuf.
kallal.
_i ghayr Undirected (not ordered), J
Undeserved,
miutahik,
ghayr
ghayr marth&d ; (not regulatedX
miutatiyib.
Ji ghayr murattab.
M
UXE
1014
UNE
Unenvied,
Undiscernible,
mantur. See Invisible.
Unequalled, ...lajiilSU malaho Mzir,
Undiacernibly, ^jla^î cjiJ lidJ^JiiS Id nazfr faAo. See Un
tin ghayr mamur.
[addab.
paralleled, unrivalled.
yr ntu- Unequally, islâj^cyj WnatPti'ii
Undisciplined, i
la
yukshaf.
Undiscoverable,
te rzzr toAo.
[just, partil.
~c. ghayr Unequitable, inequitable. See UnUndiscovered,
[munkaiii. Unequivocal, p&*j? ghayr mttbht*.
makshnf.
t-*c ghayr
Undisjoioted,
Unerring (committing no mistake),
ma. bihi shak.
Undoubted,
lali<ti^J-U>-L ma Msil mMi
See Unquestionable.
ghalat; (certain, infellible),c:is''
Undulate, v. r+*3 tamawwaj.
muhakJcak, ^Jî yaktnl. Un
Undulation, __yJ tamawwuj.
erringly, Vl 1 C&jfrajaS.,.^* W
ittir&b. See
Uneasiness, c
ghayr saho wala ghalat.
Trouble, perplexity, pain, vexa
Unessential (not important), *_ tion. [Painful, vexed, peevish.
ghayr muhim, ^jnffj~. gheyr
Uneasy, fc^laÛ muttarib. See
jawhari.
[TJnequaL
Uneligible, ineligible, t-^-ÛjIi l&
mahu satca'. See
Uneven,
ytintakhab.
[shaghl. See Idle.
Unexamined,
Unemployed, J_x-i><UL inalaho
Unengaged (free, not appropriated),
Unexampled,
<S_.JxilX-!Uj^-\l ma
2d ywUnexceptionable,
malik âlayhi.
Unenjoyed (not possessed),
^j(_ -g"--t me! ahhad mutasarrif Unexemplified,
mathruh bilamtal.
lihi, ^z&*j~ ghayr muktana'.
Unexempt, unexempted, L
Unenjoying,
^ ghayr mui&fmin.
[tit.
[nawwar.
rnukta.nl.
ghayr mu- Unexpanded, Sr^wu^-c ghayr atUnenlightened,
afam al Unexpected, u-^^*^-^ ghayr wUnenlarged, &x
':>-:,irf. See Narrow.
taraMab. See Sudden.
UNF
1015
UNO
reveal), j*-- khabbar. See De

Unexamined,
clare, discover, display.
[nu^.
[tut.
c ghayr mab- Unforbidden, c y*+.i-*c. ghayr mam.i ghayr Unforced (not compelled), ^^srî
TJnextinguished,
ghayr majbur. See Voluntary.
muntafi. See Unquenchable.
Unfaithful, liri\-sS- Aoym. See Unforeseen, LJL^ylai-*^ y/ia,(/r
Unexplored.
unknown.
Unextended,
See
mamur salafan.
C/"rPerfidious, treacherous.
Unfamiliar. See Uncommon, un Unforgotten, , ii^.ji ghayr maghUnforgiving, ^- J^^JJu^ Id yaghfir
usual, strange.
ivala yarham. See Relentless,
Unfashionable,
unfashionably,
implacable.
[riik.
L4. khilaf al mu^tdd,
Unforsaken,
cJ^^j;
ghayr
matdid al icdiidah.
ic^tj^c ghayr mat- Unfortified, ^.j^s^î ghayr nmUnfatigued,
hasean. See Weak.
[tcafL
ji ghayr mu- Unfortunate, Jy
ûd, (jtijs&* manhus.
Unfed, uJ
i ghayr matluf.
Unfrequent, infrequent,
Unfeeling,
$> la yarham. See
nadir al
Unmoved, insensible, inhuman.
fcui.
Unfavorable,
Unfeigned, jjjL> sadik. See Sin

cere, real.Unfeignedly, j^-^f*
s\J\j* min ghayr mwrAy&h.
Unfelt,
jj^*-.^ ghayr mahsus.
mukhtamir.
Unfilled, |J>i4b^.c 'ghayr mumtali.
Unfinished, J^lî ghayr kumil.
mas-
muhallat. Unfriendly,
itidlm al muhabbat. See
Unkind.
Unfrozen,
Ungathered,
[mid.
i ghayr munjac ghayr maj-
Ungenial, (U-Jall) siLi- khilaf atta-
biiat, ijjd\ljj\ytj.fs. ghayr

See Incomplete.
[mvnasib.
muwajik al tnashrab.
Unfit, unfitting, u-^-iliî ghayr Ungentle, liJuc ghallz. See Harsh,
Unfold, v. (open, spread out), la*uJ
rude, rugged. Ungcntleness.
basal. See Expand.(to tell,
azsarofat.
UNH
1016
UNI
Ungentlemanly, ungentlemanlike, Unheard (not heard by the ear),

c .A<-~< -.i ///'".'/'' "'""'" ^- Un
j)\l\ *j~ijJus diddrusum al akalir.
Ungeometrical, <J;.v.{ .H^^
heard of (obscure, unknown), i
/yljt< âyr tiia-.lu.tn; (unpre
didd kawumn al handasah.
cedented), -^KuJ\LLS tat ma
Ungodly, J L^-J=
iiiKn,:,,i-c
[ram.
ksfir, (JJi^t munafilc. See Im
pious. Ungodliness,
âdarn attahwa',
Unhonored, *j*stj,.s. ffhayr mukarUnhurt, j tjî*.^ ghayr madrur.
kufr.
Ungovernable,
/f/i// addabt.
Unhurtful, j*i*j*. ghayr mttdirr.

Uniform, ^.jj^ mukarin, ^S* M/.
See Licentious,
See Like, equal, similar.
Uniformity, iijliL* muk&ran&t.
unruly, wild.
Ungraceful,
Ungracious, ^M;\J fasik,
munafik, (_/o=-ls fahish.
Uniformly, .. i^Jl^Jc ^tda'

See
Wicked, impious.
Ungrateful, 19j!!*.;jLe torflw al
toafa, &*M\\ji\ kafir anni^mat.
See Ingratitude.
[prudent.
Unguarded, Jjlc ghafil. See ImUnhandsome.
See Ungraceful ;
disingenuous, illiberal.
Unhappy, JL.X.^C ghayr sa^ld,
~*&-'^.i HI anh as, Uap*prfU4)v ?na
/aAo wa*fi.
See Unfortunate,
distressed, miserable, wretched,
calamitous.
Unhealthful, ij^\^\yJts. ghayr
mwoafik assahhat. See Unwhole-
assawiyat.
[tasaunear.
l'iiiii\agiiiuble,^,j-i^<;-i ghayr .iwUnimportant (of small importance),
+*j? gfiti;ii' muhimm ; (not as
suming pompous airs), .~^, _;
ghayr mutakalbir.
Unimprovable,
kaUl attcallh.
Unimproved, as a country or estate,
jjAMj+c. ghayr ma^mHr.
Un
improved by instruction, Jjt^-i
ghayr muâllam.
[mughrid.
UnindifEerent, partial, ^ _*._ ,

Uninhabited, ^f+u^tj . r ykayr
maskun.
[maitul.
Uninscribed, *
some.
[jim. See Sickly. Unintelligible,
Unhealthy, ***-*'
al
ghayr mumtin al idrSt. Unin-
UNI
1017
UNL
Universe, *. LiJ^ addunyd, JU11

telligibility, *_jsJl
imkan alfihm.
rt^ idlam. See World.
Uninterested (having no interest or University, . d:,,x madrasah.
ma laJto Unjust, (Jjutlli_jiri- khilaf al âdl.
participation),
hissah.
See Iniquitous, oppressive.Un
Unintermitted, uninterrupted, j*c.
justly, (jst-j+i.^ min ghayr hah.
L ghayr
Unjustifiable,
yutabarrar.
See Inexcusable.
See Unity, junction.
Unkind,
Unit, *. ji fard. See One.
? jud teal karam.
See Ma
Unite, v. (cause to join or agree),
lignant.
wasal ; (to join, be joined or Unknown, Jjfs-* majhv.1.
"Union, jUcl ittihad, Jjl&J'l ittifak.
coalesce), JiaH iltahad, J^h

sar muttafik.
United, Ar^v* muttahid,
muttafik. See Joined.Unitedly,
Unlaid (not placed or fixed), ^-i

c ^<^ Âyr mawdu^.
Unlawful,
A!1uJ5U~ AA7o/ <wA. Unlawfully,
. Unlawfulness, <_*
khilaf al hak, cûj \AtX
jlacrlj^jfU-J'lj W ittifakin wa
ittihad.
(M^sAar^. See Iniquity, injustice.
Unity (the state of being one),
iX.j*.yi tawhid. See Union.
Unlearned, unlettered, unlessoned,
Universal,
JUj-j; ghayr cdlim. See Ig
norant.
kolll. See General,
total, whole.
Universality, *^f ûmum,
Unless, 31 tSo, Sl_j tea Uld,Jji lawld,

J^l ' lam.
jamlat. See Whole, total.
Unlevelled, i_jy^J!)L za M sawa'.
Universally,
b i*'/ kolliyah, Unlike (dissimilar), i^J
. kafatan. See
Generally. Universally advan
tageous,
annaf^,
<.amtm al barakat.
maghdyir,
iixsr* mukhtalif. Unlikeness,
al
salat,
muthabahat.
al
1018
TJNM
UNT
Unlimited, JjJâr^-c yhayr mah-
harrik ; (not affected by anger or
dud.f See Unbounded, undefined.
violent passion), ^-J'U .L',___^ ..
Unlink, v.
ma hdttl bihi tanr.
See Untwist, open.
Unlock, v. JiiUi Jj falah al kufi.

t_
[expected.
See Open.
Unlocked, unlocked for.
Unnamed,
[tamsuf.
yhayr mw-
Unnatural (against nature),
- ^
See Un-
(_5*-.rL ghayr tabiii. See Preter
Unloose, v. ,J- hal.
See Loose.
natural. Unnaturally, j?z,i ^
(to become loose),
i&r
&f>M\\fjj\yt bi natfiin ghayr
mahlftl.
muw&fik attablât.
Unmanageable, oUxiD la yanMd.

ghayr mtt-
Unmarried,
zaiowaj.
Unnecessary,
dwuri.
s. ghayr
See Useless.
necessanness
malaho
Unmeaning,
Unmeant (not intended),
Un-
\j^ V JLS <M&im
addururat.
Unnumbered, Oi
ghayr tiiaksud.
maidud.
Âayr
See Numberless.
Unmellowed, ^j -n**j~c ghayr Unobeyed, clk^^c ghayr

mustau-i.
See Unripe.
Unobjected, A*ilt<t_iL ma
Unmelted, i_ôl J^-i ghayr deiyib.

Unmerciful,
arrahmat.
(U^-j-l^Jtc
âdim Unobservant, unobserving,
See Cruel, inhuman;
exorbitant.
[hamat.
Unmercifulness, <i.s.c,*Jl,Ac
ashihafakat.
humanity.
multafit ila' .
unnoted,
unnoticed,
Is^s" j-c Âayr /nalhuz.
[dud.
See Cruelty, in-
Unobstructed, -' A.>....- _<x yhayr mat-
[attentivc.
Unobtained, J-as'^.i ghayr mn-
Unmindful, Jjlc ghafil.
See In-
Unmingled, unmixed, J,\~o safl.

See Pure.
scquious, ^\>^~ssLj* yhayr
lila mar- Unobserved,
Unmercifully,
unob-
[hun.
hassal.
[kaddam.
Unoffered, ,*J>_L;_. ghayr MMUnoperative, inoperative, .J-^_; _:
Unmortgaged, ^^j^s. ghayr mar-
to faultyat laho.
[disburden.
Unmoved (from one place to ano
Unpack, t>. tlXi /ai/t.
See Loose,
ther),
^ji ghayr muta-
Unpaid, c yj^^c ghayr
UNP
1019
Unpardonable,
ghayr mmtawjib al
UNP
Unpolluted, tl^X;..i ghayr malkuk. SeeUndefiled. [la
ghufran.
Unpracticable, impracticable, t
Unparted, j^yttê ///';// mafruk. Unpraised, -)fj+c ghayr mamdiih
See Unseparated.
Unprecarious, ti-oLJ sabil.
See
Independent, fixed, certain.

Unpeaceable, ^**^\i^~=s?i la yahib
al sulh. See Quarrelsome, turbu Unprejudiced, (UJîll^jlUi- khall
al gharadiyah. See Impartial.
lent,
[zur.
Unperceived, j &'",-'' ghayr man- Unprepared, jjtLuv^c. ghayr mustaîd.
Unperishable, imperishable, Jjjj^
Unprepossessed.
See Unprejudiced.
ghayr t&yil, (j,\i-*c. ghayr fanl.
Unpressed (not squeezed),jôn^-ji
Unperplexed (unentangled), j. . . r.
ghayr ma^sHr.
_ -i~< ghayr mushawwash ; (not
Unpretending, unpresuming, j-z-perplexed in mind),
j^- --- ghayr mutakabbir. See
ghayr mutterib.
Modest.
\_,,/ n,/t,tii-..
Unphilosophical,
Un prevented, c j:.-^-^,j ghayr
JfcAt'fe/ Z Mma<,
Unprized (not valued), lU^JidJL*
alfalsifat.
[kub.
malaho klmat.
[munada' bihi.
Unpierced, >__. i^*^ ///"/; maUnproclaimed, (O^yjli^-jfi ghayr
Unpitifully, <JLAAîL //// shafakat.
Unprofitable, .x-jl^c ghayr mufld.
See Unmercifully.
[ru*.
See Useless.
TJnplanted, jwjjMi ghayr maghUnprofitableness, i jk.> UJ 1 * je ladam
Unpleasant (not agreeable to the
alfayidah. See Uselessness.
feelings), i_&*LLtC ////^//- /"/;,/",
Unprofitably, iJLtlj^b bild fuyidah.
Unpleased, j)j~*** ghayr mas- Unpropitious, AumtjJi ghayr muirur, ^*e\jj*s. ghayr radl.
âd.
[See Unsupported.
Unpleasing. See Unpleasant, dis Unpropped, i^^nHsij^&ghayrTtiasnud.
gusting, offensive.
[kul. Unprosperous. See Unfortunate.
Unpolished, fj^n^j^c. ghayr mas- Unproved, LUj-i^.x ghayr musmusajjal.
Unpolite, LJ kaba.
UNR
1020
UNR
Unpublished, j^^tj^c. ghayr mash- Unremarkable,

hur, j_jLi...ji ghayr shayi^.
ghayr teajib al muluhasah.
Unpunished,
mukasas.
Unquestionable, tj^^jî la
rad bihi. Unquestionably, * yj
binaWiin ma bihi ma
Unquestioned,
ghayr masfd.
Unravel, p. (disentangle),
l-'ll al mathkal. See Disengage,
disorder.
Unreal, ^JL&sj.>c ghayr haklkl.
Unreasonable (immoderate), $ -
Unrepenting, unrepentant, Ajli^-r

ghayr nadim.
[mumtali.
Unreplenished,
Unrepugnant,
ghdyir,
nakid.
Unreputable, disreputable,
Unreqnested, c-Jj 1 ^*^-c ghayr
matlab.
Unresented. See Unrevenged.
Unreserved (open, frank), _J
v_ -\\\ makshuf al koH. Un-
reservedness (frankness), L
i_jLaJ\ bild insaf. Unreason
ikhlds. Unreservedly, (
ableness (immoderateness), /Ac
bikol ikhlai.
J'A^:' âdarn i^tiddl.
Un
Unresisted, /*jU^)I Id yatakdtcam.
reasonableness in demands, an
Unresolvable (impossible to be re
unreasonable demand, iL i__îL
solved or explained), j^jt la
i__JLt)\ talal bila insaf. Unrea
yanshrih.
sonably, i sLajlL bila insaf.
Unresolved (not solved or explained),
Unreceived, (jey&+j?.= ghayr
jjJ^jî ghayr mashruh,
makbad.
Unrestored, ^.sfj^j . r ghayr
Unreclaimed. See Unreformed.
murtaji^.
Unrecounted, <U=l^s'*/..j; ghayr Unrestrained (not hindered or con
muhka' ânhi.
fined), L^lb bild dabt.
See
Unreduced, t_)ji_iL<
Licentious, loose.(not limited),
i
Unreformed
OjiXs^ji ghayr mahdud.
Unrelieved (unassisted),
ghayr massif.
Unrevealed, i_ij.!!,,C^, ...r ghayr

makshuf.
UNS
1021
UNS
Unreversed (not turned upside Unserviceable, JL^^-J: ghayr mvfid.

See Useless.
down), c_:
c ghayr maHul.
Unrewarded,
i ghayr mu- Unsettled, uôlî ghayr tabit.
kdfa'.
See Uncertain, unstaid, unsteady,
khuti. See
Unrighteous,
inconstant, irregular.UnsettledUnjust, sinful, wretched.
ness, cyLill,JkC âddam assalat.
Unrighteousness, _Lall.Jtc ^t
See Inconstancy, irresolution, un
assaldh. See Wickedness, in
certainty.
justice.
Unshakable, C^-a-'ul1 Ift yataharrak.
Unshaken, unshook (not moved
Unripe, ^r fajy.
or agitated), ^j^Jjj^S la yataUnrivalled (without a rival), <$JL
zahal.
Jjjo; malaho âzul; (having no
peer or equal), ^j^J^ Id nazlr Unsound (sickly), Jyx* ma^lul,
laho.
Unsown, f ji/*^ ghayr mazrii^.
Unsalted, ^^tj-s. ghayr mdlih.
Unspecified, i_Jy^^.. Âayr mawUnsatisfactory, unsatisfying, j,.c
suf, j ^*r^- ghayr mazkur. See
i_f0j" B^yf w*urrfi.
Unmentioned.
Unsatisfied (not contented or Unspent, (.Jj^t^-i ghayr matruf.
pleased), â\jj^L ghayr rddl.
Unstable, u^jbê ghayr idbit.
Unsavory, JiJJ^Sl* malaho Inz-nl. Unstopped (not closed, meeting no
See Tasteless, insipid, fetid.
obstruction), JjJiM^-^r. ///i//r
Unseal, v. (open anything sealed),
masdud, c ^tr^- ghayr mamnu^.
*z*sJ\i^j falk al khtilin. Un Unstruck (not struck or beat), _^-i
i__-.^-J, y//r madrub.
sealed (without a seal), ybl*
.&* mahu makhtum.
Unstudied, (^_f_iAj lad, hi. See
Unpremeditated.
[/uJ.
Unseasonable, te3jj~c.j fl ghayr
u-ttktihi.
{See Invisible. Unsubdued, t__%L- î ghayr maghUnseen, jya^t-,.. ghayr manzur. Unsuccessful, ^r^lj^.j: ghayr nSjih.
Unsuccessfully, -AaT^jJ^ mm
Unsent, (J^^c ghayr mursal.
dan najah.
Unseparated, jj.jL^, ., ,r ghayr
Unsuecessive, \f^jf- ghayr mumafrulc.
UNV
1022
UNW
tuwo.ll, jj\f^t.*. ghayr muta- Unused,

maZ. Unuseful,
wutir.
Jnsuitable, unsuiting, (jj\y-^j-f
mufid. See Useless.
ghayr muw&fik, i^.^wL^-x ghayr Unusual, ^jLmL
mtmdsib. See Incongruous.
See Uncommon.
Jnsuitableness, >'.-''..!'* A;
Unwarlike,
Aarit.
See Care
al muw&fakat,
Unwary,
al munasabat.
[mushtabah bihi.
less, imprudent, rash, precipitate.
Jnsuspected, <t-
i ghayr Unwashed, jj*MJts.~cghayr tnaghsiiL
+c. ghayr mdkhuz. Unwearied, -ljx-^*j ~ ghayr
Jntaken, t
Matcab. See Indefatigable, in
Untaught,
cessant.
tallim. See Ignorant.
Unthankful, **i_!^li^-i ghayr Unwilling, ^1 t-*c ghayr radi.
Unwillingly, JJÎL Jtte irddat,
ih&kir annaiom. Unthankfuls\\i bi ikrah. Unwillingness,
ness, .'..-k*:.'^.'-! Jo t tnlit in K]I id;iXe iOdam al murad, ,Ja:
anni^mat. See Thanklcssness,
âdam al ikhtiydr.
Ingratitude.
[Thoughtless.
ghafil. See Unwise, ^\ss\s^ jahil. See Ignorant,
weak, imprudent.Unwisely,^
Untie, . J*- hall. See Loose, un
ji. min ghayr hikmat.
bind.Untied, Jjl*-* wMtt/.
gkayr
Until, ,J\ i', ,Ji- Aoa'. See Unwished,
Unthinking,
Till. "
[.
Untouched, ^y^^j^- ghayr maw- Unwonted,
Untried, i^jjsfj^s. ghayr mujarral Unworshipped,
Untwine, . (untwist), J*- hall.
ma^bud.
Unvanquished, (jj-li^-i Âoy Unworthily,
maghliib. See Unconquered.
Unworthiness,
Unvaried, unvariable, unvarying
istihkak. See Worthlessness.
+. ghayr mutaghayyir, jJi Unworthy,
ghayr
i,jy~* ghayr mutalawwan.
mmtahik. See Worthless, mean,
unsuitable.
Unveil, v. ILutiliQJ'.^ kathafal ghats.
:1023
UPO
Unwritten, u-J^Cî ghayr mak- Upper, ^.\ a-Ja', (Juy fawka.nl .

tub. See Oral, traditional.
See Superior.
[Supreme.
Unwrought, J^xiî ghayr:maj"rf.1. Uppermost, Lj_J._cl H-./U'. See
Up, .jLe -.<!/i'", jjji fawk. To rise Upright (straight up), *_ '^ wakif
up (as the sun), _1L tali^. To
bring up (educate), ^î rabba'.
t
\ ~rÛ=
!i
A^g,:wui,- Mtix/dkim; (honest),
.s-(7////, ..JL"o.u< mustaklm, ,jjL0

(dA2.
See Rear.To give np, L>
(perpendicularly),
sallam. See Resign, surrender. Uprightly
t-jL^jij
biintisabin;
(honestly),
To give np an office, ^^Jjc^
_1L; JiO /'//'// Milfill.
igta^fa' min. See Resign.To
stir up, (jOj-~ harradSee Uprightness (straightness), <Llia^!
iitikamat ; (honestly), _-U> sal&h.
Excite, instigate. To stir up
sedition, ^ -oUlii 5 <\ aykaz al Upward, upwards.
See Up.
jit,nit.
Up to, ^J\ ilia',
hatta'. Up to this time,

,.)jW JJb it"' hata dlnn.
Jir>J1
(toward a higher place), jjJt

ila' fawk ; (more than), ^
aksar min. See More.
Urbanity. See Politeness, elegance.
Urge, v. ^^Le-AkJJ^ Carnal ilhiih
f.ala'. See Press, importune, en
Upbraid, v. fTj icabbakh, c.-oLc

âyyab. See Reproach, revile.
To upbraid one with a favor
force.
conferred, <l_i_<J*_- hammal
Urgency, *jjj-' darurat, *yjJ
minnat.
liirJim, _UJ ///i'7/r.
Upbraidingly, &JCJ Mtawllkh.
^
_
Upheld (maintained), ^j-lj "<- Urgent, i^jjj* dururi, *j$ lutim.
See Importunate,pressing, violent,
raiia' ; (supported, propped),
Jyi*u_ masnud.
cogent.Urgently, LsJj^-J
Uphold, v. >xx^ Aff/(rf. See Sup
bikol ilhiih.
[teal.
port, sustain, maintain.An up Urinal, >. *j)j k&rurah, Jjj~* mobholder. See Supporter.
Urine, J^_j lawl. Retention or
stoppage of urine, J.Jlj- mitt
Upmost. See Uppermost, highest.
al bawl.
[us, Uiacl a^tind.
Upon, ^Jtc j.a/0*. See On.On
Us, U na. To ui, U /ma. Give
high, 2W.S /i al iuld.
V
USE
1024
UTE
Usage (treatment), <d*bc* muâSee

malah; (custom), *~>jra*m, 2dXclS
Triflingly.
1;t:-.:<!tik, ijlc -.I'n/uf.
Uselessnessi Jo U ,* Ac iOdamfayidak.
T -. ... - mu$to-.mi>,
Use (experience), iij=f tajribat; User, *. J-*J<(practice), J-..:...il isti^mal ;
u-^c^t mutasarrif.
(habit, custom), ijls. âdah. Usher, *. (who introduces), j**
muhdir.
See Usage.(possession), iijû
tasarruf; (advantage), j-ii na/j., Usual, jL.t mu-ftad. See Com
cl.g ,:'i\ intifa^, Jjl_i fayidah.
See Utility; convenience, help.
Use of money, <J>Lut mutdmalah.
Use, v. (employ to any purpose),
mon, customary, frequent.

mii-tiiH J I ^~. ..>!._ ,...~r-^ti'^>ip.A
a/ istiitnal. Usualness, .JUjeu-l

See Frequency.
tasarraf. See Treat. Usufruct,

(to practise), jj-f*"--' ista^mal.
tasarruf bil mahfulat.
Used, )J_.4,t.">..m tnusta^mal ; (ex
fructuary, kU
mutatarrif bil mahsulat.
pended), cJjj-2^ masruf.
Useful, A^L* mufid, *_jU nd/fj_. Usurer, *. ,jjl| rail, JrJule
See Advantageous, profitable.
mudayyin bilfayidah ; (usurious),
i^f>^* mulerid.
More or most useful,
Usurp, v. ^->_--r dabat.
To be useful,
haial minhifayidah.
Usurpation, c_^.fir ghasb.
Usefully, -\: %fj - .' binawîn Usurper, *.
U ghdsib.
mufid, iSxii^J^j Jj'ioi wa/aj<<, Usury, \jj n'Ja. To lend at usury,
iiJuUJij bikol fayidah.
y buo/jj karad bit riba.
Usefulness, ;A.'li fayidah, t\scj\ Utensil (tool, implement), <L!7 dial
(plur. cuill olaf}. Utensils (pots,
intifd^. See UtDity.
Useless, ii..i-._-- ghayr mufid,
^-xj-"..* ma to :/'!,/./. An useless
pans, etc.), i_i^Jb zuruf (sing.

<iJa tarf}. See Tool, instru
thing, i^<;r âia. See Trifle.

Uselessly/ iiX'L.'l1 Wa fayidah,
ment, weapon ; alto apparatus,

furniture, necessaries, vessel.
1025
VAI
khalu,
khald.
Uterine (belonging to the womb), Vacancy,
See Emptiness, vacuity. (lei
^*>~j rahml.
sure,
relaxation), plJ faragJi,
Uterus, f&-Ji\ arrahm. See "Womb.
t~0ji fwsah. See Cessation, in
Utility, a-Xi^J f&yidah (plur. Jol^s
fatodyuF), itxix* manfaât (plur.
termission.(listlessness, want
of thought), <LLc ghaflah, /JLC
_ili- manafi^, j_ii no/t). See

er,
ihmal.
Use, profit, advantage.
Utmost, ilc ghHyat, ^*as\ aicsa1. Vacant (empty, unfilled),
Jehdli. See Void.(thoughtiess),
See Extreme, highest, greatest.
JjU gMfil.
\JadM.
Utter. See Total, complete ; outer,
outward.
Vacate, v. (void, empty),
Utter, . Kj takallam. See Speak, Vacation. See Vacancy.(a time
relate. (to sell), tlj ia^.
of intermission from business),
Utterly, /*^*JV bittamam,
A U U.ll A<\ ayyam al batalat.
/// /.'/ (// wujuh. See Vacuity, vacuum, L&- Jchalu, iLi.
Wholely, completely, perfectly,
khala.
quite.
Vagabond, vagrant, *. ^\ij\ ateUttermost. See Extreme.
bash, (J-^lft hamiL Vagabond,
vagrant (wandering), (Jj_Ail?
V.
tafsMnl.
V has one uniform sound in English. Vague (unsettled, undetermined),
gb* mvKkam, ^yjot^-i ghayr
The Arabic j has occasionally a
muâyyan, (JAS^J+Z ghayr musound given to it approximating
to that of i), as in <_->1^>- jawab,
etc. The difference seems to be,
that the sound of j is produced
by a slight vibration of the two
lips, whereas that of v is formed
by an appulse of the lower lip
against the edge of the upper
teeth.
hakkak.
Vain (fruitless, ineffectual, unmean4
ing, absurd), JJsb ia<*7, JHu
battdl. See False, worthless,
idle.Vain, vainglorious, J&z*
mutakabbir.
See Ostentation,
self-conceited, boasting, airy.
Vainly (in vain), iJt;USj bila fa
VAL
1026
VAP
yidah, lklj batik*. See Idly, Value, v. (ratehighly)y-ic! i-.. tabor.

foolishly.-(proudly, vaingloSee Esteem. (to rate or fix at a
,j\_aC\jiyij*!>Jj bikol
certain price), 0-+-;
tea iftikhar. Vainness. Valued (estimated), t
See Vanity.
[waytcod.
M"'/', J>JiXx ma idfid (esteemed),
Vaivode, t. (prince palatine), Jyj
j~x* mu^tabar,j*j
See
Vale, *. ^J\j wadl. See Valley.
Valuable.
Valediction, *.
-..
See Valve, s.jte kithr,
Farewell.
[See Servant.
Vamp, v. jJ
Volet, 8.
khidmatkar.
See Mend, repair.
Valetudinary,
marld (plur.
Van, vanguard, i.
aft/. See
mukuddamat al jayth,
Valetudinarian,
Sick, infirm.
talipot. See Front.
L<jb0 daîf al jism.
Vanish, v. Jlj
idmakaL
Valiant,
'Ij_. See Brave,
Vanity (emptiness, inanity, rain
bold, courageous.
pursuit), ^jîa-J J</o ; (selfValiantly, AcLc-'Jij Ukol tJuyHiah.
conceit, ostentation, arrogance),
Valiantness. See Valor.
J&i takdbbwr. See Pride, &lseValid, jVy^ shar^l,
hood.
raîu/ it'At, î*^
Vanquith, .. _- fatah, i_ -\ f
Validity, <ts?* sahhat.
ghalab,jiko zafar,j$i kahar. See
Valley, *. i^s^\j wadl (plur. ^li.^J
Conquer, overcome, subdue, con
Valor, Acls-' shajuât, *'\f*fute.A vanquisher. See Con
jaraat. See Courage, bravery.
queror.Vanquished, *_.-*.
Valuable, (jî samin. See Pre
maghlub, jj&-^* makhur. See
cious, worthy.(estimable),Jj/6
Conquered.
[periority.
taztz.
Vantage.
See Advantage, soValuation (appraisement), {j^s^
Vapid, J J (A///:.. See Insipid.
takhmln, {j^c3 tatmin.
Value, JU-Ji iJma^, .4j taman. See Vapidness, iij do?ta<.
Price, worth.
Vaporer, .
See Braggart, boaster.
VAR
1027
VAR
tnankuah. See
Vaporish (splenetic, humoreome), Variegated,
Speckled,
spotted.
fix* mutakallib
Variegation, (JJÂJ nafah.
Vaporous (full of vapors), j
Variety, cl^_j\ anwd^,
kollaho bukhdr.
tashkll, *__)^_i-J tanun^. See
Vapor, J^sC lukhar (plur.
Variegation, variation, difference.
alkhurah). Vapor exhaled by the
Varieties, ^\jj\ anwai,
sun on dry sandy plains looking
aksam.
like a large lake, <~>\j~> sarab.
Vapor, jji\i vapor. Vapors (vain Various, i_alxr* mukhtalif,
mutanawwit.
See Variegated,
imagination), JLi- Tehiyal.
different.(uncertain, unfixed),
Vapor, v. (emit fumes), (^p-J
Lôl_j_*i ghayr sabit.
dakhkhan.
Variable.
Variable, ^_3Li-J^ mutaghayyir,
Variously,
i_Ji^>-lJ^ i*
^jflli* mutalawwin, cuLj<u!U
tilaf. Variously colored,
malaho sabat. See Changeable,
See
inconstant, various.
To be
Varnish (for giving a gloss to wood,
variable, jj*Ju taghayyar.
metal, etc.), ^^J dihan; (the
Variableness, CL> I/)'/ Ac ladam
ornamental or fictitious coloring
assabat.
of discourse), *&&\<Lif>-j zakhVariance, (_Jtri-\ ikhtilaf, &j\^t
rafat al kalam.
munazatat, tUJ niza^. See Dis
Varnish, v. (wood, metal, etc.),
cord, dissension, strife.
. To varnish (a tale),
Variation, ^Jxii' taghayyur, uJiii-l
saJHtraf.
ikhtilaf. See Change, variety,
difference, succession, deviation. Varnished (aa wood, metal, etc.),
,^ ju* madhun ; (as a tale),
Variation of termination (in a
i__j^>.l<
Muzttkhfftf.
grammatical sense)
tasrif. Varied,
ghayyir, ^j^ls** mutalawwin.
Variegate, v. (diversify with dif
ferent colors), Jj kallam,
nakktuh.
Vary, t>. (to cause to change), JtiJ

baddal, 9jrJ nawwa^.
See
Variegate.(to become changed,
to be changeable),
talaf, jjJH taghayyar.
VAU
Vase, . i_)jO tarf (plur.
zarfl/). See Vessel.
Vassal, . ^ , },';,'//'/. _A
1028
VEI
Vauntful, vaunting,
muftakhir fl halihi. See Vain
glorious, ostentatious.
Veal, (Jjc^Jk ''r;/> ^y7.

Vassals, IJ ^ ** r#c 5yd
t>'i'-ii/>L. See Subject, dependant. Veer, . jîS dar, jj3 datcicttr.
Vassalage. See Servitude, slavery.
See Turn round, change.
Vast, ,.Vi& âzfffi, j->\j ,(;., Vegetable, vegetive, . <^J\_^J
j- . '.v j, -iuuj /o*tA. See
nabiit (plur. v^jl_jl_J .abutat}.
Vegetable, vegetive, vegetative,
Immense, enormous, large, great,
extensive.
uôli nabit, ^>^j natM. Vege
Vastly, ii^jfi^^t min ghayr hadd,
tation, vegetativeness, ^-^ ai/.
ii\iu bi ghayat. See Greatly, Vegetate, p. Ci-~J <ia<. See Sprout.
immensely.
Vehemence, ;.v_-i ihiddat, ;jt_aVastness, <l*~y tcastat, Os.*"* fathat.
hiddat, *j\j=* har&rat. See
See Greatness, largeness.
Force, violence, ardor.
Vat, . u- hawd.
Vehement, _VA-i thadid, ,<^Vault, *. (arch, dome), <LJ> kubbah
/.' ,-.(, /. See Violent, forcible, ar
(plur. k_-i JaibaV), .J)
dent, eager, fervent.
The vault of heaven,
- * \/
Vehemently, a-Xs-J$o
bikol hiddat,
kubbat astama. See Cavern,
4 ZiJ&*i bikol shiddat.
cellar, tomb.To vault (arch,
Vehicle, *. tJjC- taraba, iLsf- cOf*cover with an arch), j . ijt
lah, >_/ maricab; (small),
Carnal I-alid.
Jijjj
taniir' ^^ letter.
Vaulted, I_-.-T mukabbdb.
Vaulter, s. (jumper), ^j&j rakkas. Veil, . (-_'lju /;, lab, <-->\: hijdl,
Ike ///;///.7 . To withdraw ike
Vaunt, e.jflcLjl iftakhar, ^p-l_Rj
veil (to discover, reveal), J,
tafilkhar. See Boast, brag.
!_-U^J' ro/b^ nnniknl,. The
Vaunt, *. ^rt\_*_j tafakhur. See
veil of the heart (the pericar

Boast.
dium), y_^L,!l>__!l5'Ai;ai al kalb.
Vaunter, *.
shakk&r
j..
rawhaho. See Boaster, vain Veiled, cr.-jjss'* iitahjub,
glorious man.
matur.
YEN
1029
VEN
tawkir. With venera
Vein, i.
grk. To open a
vein,
J fasad. See Bleed.
Veins, ^;_
The tem
assudghan.
poral veins,
tion, A\jio~\)j,jy J&j likol taw

kir v>a ihtiram, *l^lj>Ja*j J^J
likol ta^tim toa ikram. See
Two veins in the jaws or throat,

^â-lill annahiran. Two veins
Reverence.Worthy of venera
tion, *tj*Jtb_^g>-^j wyYi aZ
in the eyes (alto two in the nose),

^lyfJII al unhid-iiit. Vein (turn Venerator, . CuUJli^ô-Lc sahib
of mind or genius), t
mashrab, T- .- ^ t}>~,
lub'i-.nh. See Humor, temper.
Vellum, (Jj rakk.
Velocity, 4ep> surât, i^sf- âjalat.
iltifdt. See Revereneer.

Venereal, ,JLuAJ nafsanl. Venereal
pleasures, (_j^**ijli>- ôzs /"*af. The venereal distemper,
,_fJô- 1 cl^jyi /rawc ahmadl. See
Velvet, J-i^.'* mukhmal. Velvet,

Pox, clap.
Venesection (bleeding), J-ai /arf,
adj. ^Ljr* mukhmall.
Venal (mercenary),^?
i jLii fas&dah.
matty'ar, cLi
Vengeance, *LJLsjt intikdm. See
Revenge, punishment.To take
Venality, y-^3
Vend, . clj Jflj_. See Sell.A
vengeance, *iijl intakam. See
Vender, t IJo layyd.^. See Seller.
Revenge, retaliate.
Vendible,
Saleable.
Venerable,
Vengeful, Jbi* muntakim. See

Revengeful.
Venial, y*M *_-*>- Ij wo/VS J ô/is,
,jjot< ioc.*ar.
Venerably, \^s>~\îSîiJ/i likol
See Pardonable,
excusable.
haybat tea ihtiram.
Venison, J|j_c.k. /A ghas&l,
Venerate, v. pj^*- 1 ihtaram. See
Honor, reverence. '
Venom, *_: amw. See Poison.
Veneration, /*]/*- ^ ihtiram, +\J*\
To Envenom. See Poison.
ikram, ^-.i^JLj ôirlw (plur. Venomous, /l~- sum, p~isam, ,.-*
. See Poison, poisonous ;
takrimaf),
VEN
1030
VER
i'-- /,
alto malignant.Venomouaness,
To ventatt r
put in hazard, Jbl>- tAdtar.
**J1<L&1* muhiyat assam.
Vent, K. (breathing-hole, passage, Ventured (put in hazard), A^jSpli"
mukhatar bihi.
opening), u.~.~ man/at ; a pas
sage for smoke), <U^~iX* mad- Venturer, s. -tlsr* mttkhtifir.
kJumah.
See Tunnel. (sale), Venturous, jy^- jasur. See Bold,
fearless.
*_.-' lay^ ; (disclosure, publica
tion), AcLil ishaât, j\ô\ izhar. Venturously, jl_*u_E-tJ_j Jtic.'
Vent or give vent, v. ^/uiJ KOÔS ;
jasarat.
See Boldly.
See
(to utter, report), clil <wfoj., Venturousness, i*)/*- jaraat.
Boldness, courage.
jf^ khallar. See Publish, di
Venus (planet), ^JSj zuhrah.
vulge.
Veracity,
jjJwj *?Wi. See Truth.
Ventilate, v. (_jp-> hawtca', >_ 'nataf. See Winnow, fan; examine, Veracious, Jjol^ <d^t. See True,
sincere.
discuss.
Ventilated, i_j^.i,< matwuf.
Ventilation, ^.^Ju tadriyah.
Verb, s. ,J*j ./Jj/; (active), J*s
<W; (passive),
j _/W majhul.
Ventilator, . &*-jj* marwahah.
Verbal
(oral,
spoken, not wiitten),
See Fan.
lisdnl, ^JaAJ /q/zt,
Ventricle, *. (stomach), t&L+mi^dat.
The ventricle or crop of birds,
<CLe^>. hn KMi hi I. The ventricle
of beasts, j_î/ kirsh (plur. \J*tJ>
iawfi,
shafdhl. A verbal noon (of
action), jJuo.>oi urn matdar.
Verbal or literal, i^ytl loglom.
Verbally (in words, orally), ^ ^_
ghofafum, ^-^\i Itl totem ;
(verbatim), <_ijsz? \*/>' ^^f"*
kwrteh).
Venture (hazard, risk), ^tas>~ khatar
(plur. jliafi> aiAâr), ^lelsr"* khatarah.
See Danger. (an
attempt), ,j*~> *ffi^2, Ouai /'i-'.-.i/.
liharaf.
\_al Aara.
A lucky venture, *_ -^-î noii. Verberation, \j^li<jLt nuttadaoud
Venture, v. (dare), r--^ tajatar. Verbose, ^KllJjj
To venture at, venture on,
See Loquacious.
VER
1031
Verdant,^cisi-l akhdar. See Green.
VER
illiou, jSLof^j sinjifr.

Beautifully verdant, j*i&-! Vermine (plur. |\*> huicum}, *JjJ
dudat (plur. JjO dud]. See "Worm,
JjU- akhdar hadik.
Verdict. See Judgment, opinion.
louse, rat, etc.
Verdigris, ^=fj tinjar. Of the Vernacular, ^\ ummi. See Native.
Vernacular language (mothercolour of verdigris, ^ \-ssTj
sinjdrl.
tongue), ,1!,ÛJ lisan al umm.
Verdure, Xj*i~. khudrat.
Vernal, ,<*^j rabrM.
Verge, *. (brink, edge), ti- Jiadd. Verse (poetry),yti M^r,JaJ nazm.
See Border, margin, skirt, limit ;
See Poesy, rhyme.(a hemistich),
also rod, maco.
9^/-3- misra^. A verse or dis
Verge, v. (tend towards), Jljb
tich, m-^ Inii/ 1- (plur. cz^L.t!i
mal ila'.
\mutawajjih.
abyat). A verse of the Alcoran,
Verging, ÎJjU mayil ild ,
A)l Syat (plur. CULM aydt).
Verification, +i=s? tahtik, ^.
Verses of the Alcoran kept as
tasM, cylo\ Mat. See Proof.
preservatives against enchant
Verify, v. <_&>- hakkak, c^>J\ aslat.
ment, <UjJi âzimah. Versifica
See Prove.Verified, tJLs'* mution, jtiJ!,Lc îlm al shi^r, f\fhakkak, ^,'~. masbat. See
,*^j.JJ-nil <.il>n
aliurud.
Aversifier,
tt^
Prove.
^Li Ad^V. See Poet.
Verily, Sljlltj fl al wakit, J
Versify, v.Û^.Jai aza aihâr.
i o^ Aafo&tf/lL- hakkan,
Version, i)oj>O' tarjamah.
See
tahklkan, ^.\J lilhak,
Translation; aZo transformation,
change.
Vermicelli, <U-jj<U ,-Jci shiâyrteh
Vertebral (relating to the joints of
raflâh, ^L&j^j vermicelli.
the back-bone), ^^jjsr^^c^t
Vermicular, vermiform,
mvtaâllik likharaz azs&hr. The
wJ addiidat.
vertebnc or joints of the backVormicule, *. (small worm),
bone.^lailj^p. kharaz a&tahr.
dudat. See "Worm, grub.
Vertex
(zenith), uu\J\t**i simat
Venniculous (full of grubs),
mudawicid.
arrai. See Top.
VEX
VIC
1032
Very, !jtf- jiddan, &j\M bighuyat.
grief, sorrow, anguish, irritation.

i
Very good, adj. j~s\j- ?

Vexatious, cJu^t mtuaddf^. See
<zJ khayr. Very good, <fo.
Troublesome, painful, vexed.
ljis>- ittzim jiddan. Very bad or Vexatiously,
j biiolt-aidi:.
pernicious, jj^\j^ katir ad- Vexatiousness, ^.j
tcadl^. See
darar. Very attentive or serious,
Vexation.
lju-l.V{ . y* mitjtahid jiddan. Vexed, c_\L musaddai.
See Earnest.
Vexer, . CA^. musaddi^. See
Vessel, i-Jî *r/, Uj wjtf. A
Tormentof, oppressor.
large vessel in which they keep
Vial, *. See Phial.
wine, ^-!A> b&tiyah. Vessels,
Viands, *Ljtl? tit -Jim. Exquisite
t_Jjîs zwrfl/, ijljl awawl. A
viands, ^jL_R_J nafayia. See
vessel (ship, boat), i-^j" >war"
Meat, food, delicacy.
//-. See Ship.
Viaticum (provision for a joorney),
Vest, . <>}> fatcb.
^ J i j ~'<,>i'tc'~itlit/t.
rpuiver.
Vestal, J^J batul. See Virgin.
Vibrate, v. JJk hast. See Shake.
Vestibule,jJjbJ dahllz. See Porch.
Vestige, jjl <wr. See Footstep. Vibration, s\z>\& hazhazah.
Vicar, vicarious. See Vicegerent.
(a mark),
rasilah (plur.
[dress. Vice,
rown. See Trace.
razdyif).
See
Sin, evil, crime,
Vestment, vesture. See Garment,
wickedness, depravity, fault,
Vetch, . (kind of pea), Ai-i^
offence, defect.A vice with
kirsenne.
screw
used by workmen, *^.>
Veteran, ^J^xc j.r;/?A-, *jjiJi kadlm.
lawlab. See Screw.
[amfrdl.
See Old, ancient. (experienced
inwar)c_^k.ljîil< mahirlil harb. Vice-admiral, s.
Vicegerent, . *l_iL_,jLj loin
i,1,1tn 1,1, 0Li,
See Plague, tease, trouble, dis
U
*
I
Vex, <;. ctX
si'dilii-,, fjbi
kalak.
turb, torment.
Vexation, _jJu3J' /.//., <(^-j
zahmai. See Trouble, affliction,
The vicegerent or vicar of Gtod,

<dJl<LLL>- khalifat all-ah.
See
Deputy.Vicegerents,iij tcttialii.
VIC
1033
VIG
>__J.il_. m,-i I r, /,-,/, \c. gliada.

Vicegcrency, <LLj niyubat,
wakalat.
See Food, meat, provision.
Viceroy, *. i^L*!! i__-o li ndib al Videlicet, ,î* ya^nl. See Viz.
matik. See Vicegerent.
Vie, . (contend with, emulate),
Vicinity, vicinage, <L^j karabat,
J^Ll ,-ii'iliii!:, Jjlc c. '(;/(/.
<-'_,- kurb. See Nearness, neigh

borhood.
Vicious, Jwjlj /asirf,
yub. See Bad, wicked, profligate.
Viciousness, jLxAllaLJL*. halat al
fatdd. See Vice.
Vicissitude, ^j\jj^ dawaran, i^Jiju\
inkilub. See Eevolution, change.
Vicissitudes, (^
inkilab&t. The vicissitudes of for
tune, ^_bJiJI(__ft_jjLjj tasarlf
addahr. See Fortune.
Victim, ^\iji kurlan,\jfida. See
Sacrifice.To offer up a victim,
View, c.^lii nazor. See Look, see,

behold, contemplate, investigate,
examine.
View, *. (prospect),Jaj nazar. See
Sight, eye. A distant view,
JujOjlaJ nazar batid. View (in
tention, design), +js. -.K-//I, *\j*
maram, A^L; kasd, O^ziL* maksud.
Vigil, . (watching),^-! tahar. See
Watch.
Vigilance,
ihtiyat,
intibah. See "Watchfulness, dili
gence, circumspection.
Vigilant, ^JiLj mihir, iaLa*u- taykiz, laLa.^ mutayakkiz. See
r7J tabah.
Victor, victorious, *. t_^JU ghalib,

j-a^^t muntatir, ^\J fatih. See
Conqueror.
Victoriously, ^Laij IjyLljJ^j bikol
Watchful, circumspect, attentive,

diligent, careful.
Vigilantly, flcjb 4 intibah, J^J
iLsJ Ij^j-! bikol saharinwa intibdh.
0
Vigorous, i_jjj kawl. See Forcible,

zafarin wa intisfir.
strong. A vigorous old age,
Victory, Jj fath,
sw/ar, iâj
kJmlud.
nasrat, jUaxii intisur. To gain a Vigorously, ijlij^j iio/ kuwat.
victory, û fatah,j&> zafar. See Vigor, vigorousness,
kuwat,
Conquer.
[/td/VaA.
<tjlij <di
The vigor of youth,
Victress, *. djlc ghalibaJi,
n athshaVictuals, *UL? teinm, J_i!
bab. See Force, strength, energy.
VIN
1034
VIO
haklr, (JJ rfaz, ^ .......S.
one's-self, j A_J LJ <t_J U^ ^4 -L

Jj kalll aUs.tibar
khallas Tialaho bil c.uzr.
Vilely,
bikol hakarat, Vindicated, jj~+ mubarrar, .^JA
c .i.1 btnawîn haklr.
Vileness, *jL_- hakarat, JLJ1J Vindication, ^J^J ta&rir,
ra.iu.lat. See Baseness, meanness.
Vilify, .â- hakar. See Defame, Vindicator, *.
debase, slander.
Vindictive, *
Villa, . t_cJ..a- matyaf.
t^J
mu-.Jastr.
munla&e,
intikamH.
Sec
Village, *. <ty karyah (plur.

Revengeful.
karaycL), ijtâ dayâh. The chief Vine, s.
kar&m],
man of a village, ** * -fi IVv*. *>
daliyak.
shaykh addayâh.
Vineyard, . *^ ôrt. A vineyard
Villain, ^>>r-> *Arfr,
newly planted, JoJj*-^ iam
(Jj <faz. See Scoundrel, rascal,
jadld.
rogue ; aleo villanous.
Vintage, cJUo5 i'<d/. To gather
Villanous, 4XsU fdsid, j>,j2> sharlr,
in the vintage, i_gVii r-'af. A
-ev_J; //)?//. See Base, wicked,
vintager, i_Jlii5 iaa/.
vile, malignant.
Vinegar, J&. AâC.
Villanously,
'o^L-JC1 bikol kabahat.
Vintner, *.^,U=i. khammar.

Viol, . (musical instrument), ijlj ,
Villany, villanousness, jLj faidd,
rt'idi.
*>-L._i kabahat (plur. <Ls Violable, ^^-L^JI^j^, mutidt*
kabayili). See Depravity, base
annakd, (jÂiJ yunkad.
ness, vileness, wickedness.
Vincible (conquerable), i J.it-:.-.i
Violate, v. (injure, hurt), l_^L>khalaf, lâsj nakad ; (to ravish

or deflower), tlicJi hatat, ^r^
yunghalib.
Vindicate, ;. (justify), j^j barrar.
fadah; (to break), ~
See Defend, support, protect,
To violate an agreement,
maintain ; revenge, avenge ;
nakad, ^\fasakh al
awert, claim. -To vindicate Violated (injured),
maslum,
VIO
1035
VIR
makhur. See Oppressed. Violently, \jfOfjabran, lî kahran.

See Tempestuous.
(ravished), \L'~i'-~ munhatik.
A violated woman, <&.âiL maf- Violet, . ^^ banafsaf.
dnl'itli. Violated (as an agree Viper, s,
ti^ */t'Vipers,
ment), {jaM^t muntakid, ôjA^t
mankud, -*~J~* mafsukh.
Virago, *.
amraah fahldh.
Violation, JJi zulm, j~s>- jabr. See Virgin, . \jAc. âzra (plur. t
See Maid.Virgin,
Injury, violence. (ravishment),
jj bikr. See Maiden.Vir
j&zA ibtikdr. See Rape.(in
ginity, lj\ C i lakarat. See
fringement of agreements, etc.),
Maidenhead.
yaAJ iinhI, jLCjUi"** faskh al
**
-< * za<z,
Virtual, jjJL mulcaddar, (J1J
wa^d.
OTd^wfljcz, 15!^- jibittl,
gharlzl, i^ft^j- jawJiarl.
See Innate, effectual.Virtuality.
ments, ^jo3\J ndkid,
See Virtue, efficacy.
fdsikh al %ahd.
Virtually (in effect),
Violence,
taicr, j-s*- jabr,jf>J takdlran.
jater,
taâdti, *ij raghm, Virtue (moral goodness),
\i laid. See Violation, in
/<zA. See Exceellencc, probity,
Violator, . (injurer), jllr- jdblar.

Jib zalim. A violator of agree
jury, force, outrage, oppression,

tyranny ; attack, assault ; mur
der ; vehemence. To offer or
commit violence, .*&- jabar, *U?
-t/'iiii. See oppress, violate.
Violent, Jj<Xii tfadid, ^r.-'~ ;''"'/'>
(passionate), <-_^.dc ghadub. A
violent wind, c-i^Lc^rj rlh
liisif. See Tempest.To lay
violent hands on himself, Jii
killnl hdlafio.
rectitude, piety, goodness.(effi

cacy, power, intrinsic quality),
<Lj!jJ kuwat zdtiyah, <Uolr^
khdssuyah. See Eravery, courage,
valor.Magnetic virtue, ijLJi
<UJUpM i-uwa< al juzibah; (with
out power or efficacy), >**-- l^lLbila khdssiyah. By virtue of a
royal order, ^m.ui^lc-. .iu-v7
bi hasab amr al sultan. By virtue
of,
>__:>" j^..' it tin'rjili.
VIS
1036
VIT
^
Virtuous (good), JÛ f&dtt, *rU> Visionary (imaginary),
khiydli, i^Sjy^J toa
idlih (fern. k.U salihat). See
mutakhayyil, .y^_j wahmi.
good, pious, excellent. (chaste),
ijS>^> tdhirat.
Visionary (man), . lij
Virtuously, << 1 .^.ijj^j bikolfadtlah;
^>-^,iii>i<liJaii bil ruya tcaltcahi.
(chastely), <licjj likol g/ah.
Visit, P. (pay a visit) J\j dr.
Virulence (poison), *~j *flmt. See Visit, *. *j\ij ziydrat. A. place of
Venom.
visitation (as the tombs, etc., of
Virulent (poisonous), *u^ musimm;

celebrated men), j^* mazdr. See
Pilgrimage. Visitation (afilicVirulently (poisonously),
tion, punishment), v__-,
samm ; (malignantly),
I'ifilm IT in.
Visitant, visitor, . j)\j zdytr. A

visitor or inspector, ^ ,~._c ^
mufattuh.
Visual, i_;tiJ nasari. See Optical.
plant (producing hird-lime), fJJ J
The visual faculties, ^^âJU^j
kuwat al basar. See Vision.
Viscidity, viscosity, J^J dabalc.
Vital (having or containing life),
Visibility, visibleness, ,jo stuh&r.
^>- hay ; (giving life),
Visible, jfc-~+ mantur, *=T^ sank,
i,ii<h>f ', (relating to life),
lannazir.
;Lk.U mutaâttik bil hayah. The
See Conspicuous, open, apparent.
vital powers, }l^^'_ . . rsA al
Visibly, jSt&^&a^j} biwajliin saJnr,
haydh.
zdkiran, jn*i îj {'
Vitiate, v. iXj\ afsad. See Spoil,
nawîn manzUr.
corrupt ; ako violate, deflower.
Vision, j-a) bagar, Xj~aJ baslrah,
Vitiated, JyJL* mafsud, '_*j-~iJJti\ji^ mushahadah, JaJ nazar.
IIIH-, ililll, Judlj /lit, il/.
See Sight.(a phantom), Ijye Vitiation, vitiosity, jLuj f<uad. See
v . turat 11-11 1: m iii'i i, Jl -- "tCorruption, violation.
Visage, <Hs>-j wq/A. See Face.
Viscid, viscous (glutinous, thick,
tenacious), ^J </(''/. A viscous
See Spectre.Visions, Vitions, JujLi fdtid, j*j> tharir.

khtydl&t.
See Vicious.
VOC
Vitreous (consisting
1037
of
VOL
glass), Vocal, tjê sawtl.
Û-j sijaji.
Vocation (calling by the will of
Vitriol,j*a-\-.\j zaj akhdar. Spirit
God), _JlxJ'id!]i\j da^wat alla/t
of vitriol, jJacS!_jjJ! mrruh &l
taâla'. See Trade, occupation.
atzam. A vitriol mine, ^Jut^ Vocative (part of speech), ^jL*!!
_'j itin --tlii H zaj.
al munada'. A vocative particle,
Vitriolate, vitriolated (consisting of
I Ail 1 !__,>- ha/rf annida.
or impregnated with vitriol), Vociferation, \j-*> sardkh. See
Clamor, outcry.
Vivacious, vivid.
See Lively, Vogue, !_fj zay. See Fashion, mode.
sprightly. Vivid (as colors), ^ Voice, LJJ*> sawt.
jjU- lawn Mdik.
Void, |JV- khall. See Empty,
Vivacity, vividness, vivaciousness,
vacant.(null, vacated), j.y*
-.'(j2j}jjjj~i8iirurwaibtitiaj. See
mansukh, Jljlj latil, Jliw lattal.
Liveliness, sprightliness.
Void, s. Li- khald.
Vivify, vivificate, ^j^\ ahya\ See Void, v. (leave empty), ^d'ifadda' ;
Eevive.
(to make null), jlul i/^/. See
Vivification, 1-^1 *Ayo. Vivific,
nullify, abolish, abrogate, repeal.
k_*-^" muhyi.
\_agil.
(to pour out), i_^(~j mL<ii.
Viz, videlicet, ^-"V. ya^nl, ^>-cl
See Shed.
Vizir, . (minister of state) j> j_j Voided (emptied), ^tî. AAdft,
wozzr (plur. Ijjj m/zui-ii . The
j^gLsr* mukhatta'.
[ness.
grand vizir, Jiel^jjjJ! al wazlr Voidness, L>- khald. See Emptial attorn. The dignity of vizir, Voiture, . See Carriage.
I'-n.-i'n-nl. Most honored Voktile, volant (flying through the
vizir, j^s^^jjyLJjJ dawlatlu
veneer mufakhkham. Tour Ex
cellency (to a vizir),
dawlatkum.
Vocabulary, s.
loghah.
air), jit tayir.

Volatileness, volatility,
\?
tayaran. See Fickleness, levity.

Volcano, s. j\j ^j-^- jabal nar.
Volubility (of speech), <LLjLx
mun&kalat ; (mutability, liable
1,5
VOT
1038
ness to change), cuLj*

sabat.
Volume, s. ,\ I r* mujallad.
book of two volumes,
^kXXsr* Ititab mujalladayn.
Voluntarily, Jj_jîjljlJ_J ftiioi
VUL
See Proved.A voucher.
î shahadat, JJj rfoM. See
Proof, witness.
Vouchsafe, v. ^f.. manah, ^*^

samah, ^zxj\ tmâm âla.
See Permit, giant, condescend,
deign.Vouchsafement, a;Ls>-l
ijatah. See Grant, permission,
iradatin wa kabul, .^
bikol ikhtiyar.
Voluntary, ^L^l ikhtiyatf.
condescension.
Volunteer, *. (soldier),
Vow, s.jju azr(plur.jjjj ntsur).
<Uj^b fMskari bi irddatihi.
Anything dedicated to God in
Voluptuary, . (also voluptuous),
consequence of a vow, ^.'v - t
shahwat,
manz&r. A vow to sin no more,
<t'jj tawbah.
wa
Voluptuously,
Vow, . , JO nazr.
See Promise.
Vowel, *. iLJli.Jp- Aar/o/tiWrf,

i^*- harakat. Vowel points or
marks used to denote the short
vowels to be pronounced with
the consonant, <-jU_e] airdb,
tuL^-*- harakat. To mark
(Arabic) with vowel points,
ing), âs^l ittifragh. A vomit
li
watin naftaniyah.
[tana
Voluptuousness, L_L safd, JLo
Vomit, v. %jiz~>\ istafragh, j]ij
natak.
Vromit, vomition, . (act of vomit
or emetic, ^jk^* mvnattik.

Voyage, . ^s.\!î-> sa/iir al lahr.
Voracious,
akkal.
Vote, . <
satot al Vulcano. See Volcano.
intiJcMl. To vote,
in- Vulgar, jL: âw ; (mean, low),
takhab.
[%ur.
hakir. The vulgar, *^c
Motive (given by vows), ^jo^ manjMtcam annat, ^Ljjl
iôuch, t>. i^-Jl o*J<. See Attest,
awbaih. See Plebeians, com
prove.Vouched, CU.-i* amonalty, mob.
WAI
Vulgarity, JfjLJLa- hakarat.
WAL
1039
See
Meanness.
Vulgarly, (jWLJ!(.^J-JtLu-Lo
h',IKA mustaortal bayin annds,
lj --Kiitii nt'iii. See Commonly.
#
tation), ^Vi '. it t<ozar,

tarassad, j~a sobar. See Stay,
watch, expect.To wait upon
(as a servant), * <X>- Madam. See
serve, attend.(to visit), j\j tar.
Wait (ambush), {j^ kammln.

Waiter, s. (servant) ,jUi- kh&dim.
Vulture, s. -*uJ nasr (plur.
khadinusur). The falling vulture (a Waiting-woman, .
mah. See Maid-servant.
star), jJljllûil! an
Wake, waken, . (rouse another
from sleep), Vi 5 ,t\ oyâz. To
Vulnerable, -y^j yanjarih.
V.
wake, be awake, or be awakened,
W is expressed in Arabic by j ; as
istaykaz. See Watch.
<JJ\yt mu.wS.fik, ' conformable,' Waked, laL^ mutayakkiz.
etc.
saJar&n,
Wakeful,
Wag, . Sj-s?*" maskharah. See
mmtaykiz,
Droll, jester.
yakkiz. See Watchful, vigilant.
Wage, v. (war) <_Û- harab.
Wakefnlness, j^* sahar, ^fuJ \i\ii
Wager, *. \>jJ* short, ^j rahn.
kasarat assahar.
Wager, v. ^^ ruhan.
Wages, <<JjL
See Salary, pay, stipend.
Monthly wages, yi>UL* mashaTiarah. Daily wages, &-*-*j-i
yawmiyah.
Wagon, *. tjjS. {(traba. See Cart.
Wail, v. ~\J nah. See Lament, be
wail, moan.
Wain, tojZ âraba. See Carriage.
Wait, v. (stay, remain, delay)
tawakbr . Wait for (with expec
Walk, v. ^JSf meshl. See Go,

more, come, travel, pass.
Walk (the act of walking),
Walker, .
Walking-staff, . L=i ^0*0. Sec Staff.
hayt. The waUs of
Wall, *.
a town or castle, JdJti**: *ur al
balad,
See llampart, fortification.
Wall, v. (inclose with walls), Jînial hitan ha'-1-
WAN
1040
WAR
(to fortify with walls),

hassan.
hajat, ^-tia-^ Miyaj;

(indigence), &;L^.* tnattaiak.
Wallet, *. J..JJ tanbll, Jl^-fSee Poverty, penury. (defici
chawal. See Sack, bag.
ency), ^Jii tutkt,
Wallflower, JiJJ kurunful.
Wanting (defective),
Wall-louse, ulk.L!J^ lak al hltun,
See Deficient.
./. ^'!.^_i bak al Jchathab, Wantonness, Sj$-,t shakwat. See
Wallow, v. (roll on the ground, in
the mire, etc.), j*3 tamarragh.
See Boll.
Walnut, *. Sj)-&- jaictah (plur.
C-Jlj^-ya;d< ; (collec.) \^s>-jawz.
Lasciviousness, licentiousness.
War, <-~/- A<wJ. See Hostility,
fight, battle. Wars, -rjy-3.
Awrui, cyLjjl_s-< mvJulrabai.
A holy war, a war against infidels,
Ous- jihad.
Wan, yLsl os/ar. See Pale.To War or make war, . ^J;U>- torsi.
grow wan,yLe! isfar.
Warble, v. SJ tagharrad, Jj
Wander, v. (ramble about), j\ dar.
tarannam. See Sing.
^Singer.
Wandering, part, and adj. jLjL: Warbler, . *>/> Jt<terti. See
sayyar. Wandering in mind, adj. Ward, v. ward off, ^jjlj d&ft^
^X*Ut mutahayyir, ^j[^- hayran.
.mi. See Guard, protect, defend.
Wandering in mind, .
Ward, *. (young person under
taraddud. See Irresolution.
guardianship), *.cu yatlm (fem.
Wane (decline), J^j zawa.1,
t-.4~..-:.-j yatinmfy. See Pupil,

naks, ^Liii Mwfedn. See De
orphan. Wardship (guardian
crease, decay, diminution.
ship), (Jdiils-* muhafasah.
Want, v. (long or wish for), jlxi! Warden, . .^*j tcasi, !asU- Adjfa,
tsAâi ; (to need, bo in want of),
Jo\J n&sir, (jwÛ- Aarw. See
...lio-! ihtaj; (to be deficient or
Guardian, keeper.The wardea
wanting), ^^SUjLe tar nakis;
or head man, ^1 amln. See
(to be necessary), gfjji^jb *ar
Chief.
dwurt.
Wardrobe, *. j\j- kkizdnaJk.
Want (wish), ô^c gharad ; (need), Ware, Jl mal,
WAR
1041
WAR
Wares,
amwal,
Warp (of cloth), i^>Xj >ada'. See
Woof.
amtiât,
akmihat. See
Goods. [Storehouse, repository. Warp, v. (bend, become crooked),
_j*i^ inâwaj. See Bend, twist,
"Warehouse, . i^/-="* makhzan. See
turn.To cause to be warped,
"Warily. See Cautiously. "Wari
ness. See Caution.
nuâwwaj,
"Warlike (skilled in or fit for war), Warped, warpt,
,Â* munham.
<_J^Ls-* muharib ; (military, be
longing to war), .j^f*- Jtarbi. Warrant, . (commission or order),
talab, *lcl i^lam.
"Warlike accoutrements, f^~\
Warrant, v. (give authority),
aslthah. See Accoutrement.
rakhkhas ; (to exempt, secure
"Warm, Û- Mr. See Hot.A
privilege),
i_sU^tilf âmalaho
little warm, Jjc^.. muitadil;
muûf; (to prove, attest), ^
(ardent zealous), jz gJutyyur.
barhan. See Justify.
"Warm, v. (j^> takhkhan. See Heat.
"Warmly (with heat), ^l^sK? it Warrantable, JJ^- J"yw, >_
mundsib, fjjî luyik, JiUhararatin; (passionately, angrily),
t_ - -' [_)>_' bikol ghaddb ; (zeal
, ^,y^ mubarrar,
ously, ardently), a^JJo likol
ghayrah.
"Warmness, warmth (heat),
hardrat; (passion, choler),
wujib attazkiyah.
See Right, proper, j ust, j ustiflable.
Warrantableness, J\JZT jaieaz,
munusabat.
ghadab. See Zeal, passion, en Warrantably,

thusiasm.
Warranted (lawful),
Warn, v
khalbar,
Ji*. Ao/a^. See Warrantable.
nabbah
See Admonish,
(authorised), ^ja&-j* murakhnotify.
khas ; (proved), cuî,. masbut,
"Warned, j*- <U^ ma^ho Malar.
JyiL* maJeful.
"Warning, . j+- Tchdbar,
Warrantise, warranty (authority,
tanblh; (advice),
natiihat.
commission). See Warrant.
See Admonition.
(security), <OU kafalah.
1042
WAS
WAT
Warrior, *. oj^- ghdzt

mujdhad, Jiu balal. See Soldier.
Wary, jA ". T-* wiwAtegiir. See
mutlif.
tnubauir,
Wastefullv
(prodigally), uJ^-j^JC1 WW
ttraf.
Wastefulness, i^j\j~*\
Cautious.
itrdf.
Was, jjl^ &ln. He was rich, yi
Watch, t>. (not to deep),jg^ teher ;
(_5êc>^ Ait idw ghanl.
(to observe), ^ki natar, la^-S
Wash, v. Jywuc ghatal. To wash
the body, ,J*uJti tagliattal. See
/Az. See See, look, view.
(to be vigilant or attentive), laJLj
Bathe.A wash or a washing,
tayakkat.
Watch, watchman, s. (jj^*- Mru,
Washed, J^*JM magfuul.
,'--U natur; (attention, observaWasher, . J-alc ghCisil. A washer
tion),
i'î>-iL muluhazah. See
of linen, ^\...,-T 'i kassur. Sec
Bleacher. A washer of dead
bodies, Julc yhatiul.
Watchfulness.A watch or dock,

-.n.'i.
A watchmaker,
Washing, part. J-ili gMsil.

Watched,j^-^ manfur.
Wasp, t.jjfjj zanbHr.
Waspish. See Malignant, peevish. Watcher, *. (one who observes or
attends), la-L muKihiz, ..tl;
Waspishness. See Malignancy.
tiatur. Overseer, watch.
Waste, v. (consume unnecessarily),
__:' !-. a/', ci 1." talaf. See "\Vatchful, -&wj AdAvr, V-t c---.-^
Destroy, spend, wear.
Waste
(desolate,
uncultivated),
<>\ji>- kharab,<JjjS.^ inakhrul.
See Desert; alto useless, super

fluous.
Waste (consumption), lUxLU Mti-
muttaykit. See Wakeful, vigi

lant, attentive.
Watchfully, y-}/^- ^*V- ---_j 'J^;
Wfo/ intibahin tea ihlira*. See
Yigilantly, carefully, cautiously,
attentively.
; (unnecessary expenditure), Watchfulness, Lii! intibah, ._^>. ,

uruf.
mulu/iiKtili, ij~e) lanlfut. See
Wasted, t^jjj*** matruf.
Vigilance, caution, attention.
Wasteful, vaster (lavish, prodigal), Watching. Sec Watchful, vigilant
WAT
>
j
1043
WAX
Too much watching,

Wave. *. ^y mawj (plur. p-'y^
knti'u' assahar.
amtpaj). The danger of the waves,
Water, L ma. Eunning water,
-Jîn^lasi. khatardlamwuj. The
(jfjUs-L* majarl. Water flowing
agitation of the waves, -.-M-i'
tj
in the form of a chain, JLJ__>
tamawwuj. The dashing of the
talsal, J^-jwyuJ) sakalll. See
waves, _Jj^5H la!L3 talatum al
Meander.Stagnant water, I
amtcaj. The dashing of the
tX*l^- ma j'amid, ,J>xi ghadlr.
waves, and the agitation of the
See Ditch, marsh, poolPure or
clear water, JiJj zuldl. Eose-
stormy sea, .^vl! *&kij~.\yi\ /wJyJ
_^j_,J! tarajcum al amw&j tea

taldtum al bahr al matcwaj'.
rier or drawer of water, LJL> Wave, v. (beckon by waft or signal)
sakkd. A water'-closet, j|
'.*.'- ghamas.
water, O/^b d ward.
A car
Waver, p. (be unsettled or incon

Any place through which
stant) j\zs>-\ ihtar, OJî taraddad.
water passes, Lt^j^b foni Jd.
See Fluctuate.
[taraddud.
See Canal, conduit.
Barley Waverer, . L>JrJk_^v^>-L* sahib
water, ^ti>lrL md
Wavering, adj. c_j\L^_:. muttarib,
Honey water (a kind of mead or
JJ.s^ mutaraddid. See Incon
metheglin), JûjJtL* ma al iosal.
stant.
Bain water, Jia^t* ?d ,,ndar. A Waving, wavy (rising in waves),
water-wheel (for watering fields,
_~c-. mutamauxctj.
gardens, etc.), >_-'._> dtilab, Wax, ^ A :j<i' -.. Bees-wax,
fi. gharraf. A water-melon,
w'._^ t_*-i ..//('/./;. âtal. A wax.
jabasa, ^-.a-ji.llA-k)
candle, <<xî slmm-i!. A candle
lattlkh akhdar. See Melon.
of camphorated wax, ^yli^-î
Water-gruel, Uî^^l shurabat
/iamc, kufun. Sealing wax,
al ma. See Gruel.
'i //"/. A wax
Water, . (sprinkle with water)
candle maker, cj imnimo ...
L.,ii raA ?d.
Wateriness, <L5l mdyiyat, i>ij Wax, r. (cover or smear with wax)
*-*> !/-:,.tan--.. Waxed,
ml "but. See Moisture, humidity.
1044
WEA
m&t teahiyat.
Weak in faith,
thamî.
Way, i. &_jO tank. See Road,
Weak in knowledge,
path.(method, manner),
tvajh, *UaJ nizdm, J1 ~--* minwal, Weaken, .
iz\i Ic&itdah. See Mode, custom, Weakly (feebly), iJjf
practice.A highway,
<lit -.
âm. See Highway.A Weakness (of body),
daâf,
railway,
âjas. Weakness of mind,
^ t!n-j' ut -.ft:!.
hadld. The milky way,
umm annujum ; (to guide or con Weal. See Happiness, prosperity.
vert morally or religiously), Jui^ Wealth, JJ.J '/..'''/',;.', JL^t mdi
rathad. In the way of the Lord,
AUlJ.j.-jJ fl sabll illahi. In a
lawful way, r * ^_ - ~^ J
(plur. J^^ amwal), Li Âau

or ghina. See Kiches, goods,
property ; opulence.Hereditary
wealth, t^jjjyt Jt m&lmmori*.
Ill-got wealth, .^-JL-* md/
A long way off, Ju.ju i0îii. To

bo in the way (to be an obstacle),
_ I. /c I//,-?/ _, ô^le larad. Ways, Wealthily, LcJ^J likol ghana.
Wealthy, Â ghanl. See Bich,
opulent.
i\ ibnassabll.
Way-farer, .
See Traveller.
Way-faring, Wean, . (put from the breast),
i fatam.
musafir.
Weaned,
fyoL* maft&m.
We, (j^1 nahn, \J\ innd.
Weak, i c.i rfau/, >f*"^c t"/*2- Weapon, s. ill dlat (plur. ti;
uldt), CL. feA (plnr.
See Feeble, languid, infirm, im
(ulihaf).
See Arms, sword, spear,
potent.Weak in mind, i_o<.î
arrow.
,jx!! dagf al âkl. See Foolish,
spiritless, imprudent; soft, silly, Wear, wear out, v. (a garment, etc.),
_-ij kfittn-.. To wear or be
pliant.Weak arguments or pre
clothed with. ~- /,',''-.-.
mises, <LjfcljCutjJi -in <<I, mid<i-
1045
WED
WEI
Wear, wearing (clothing), (^LJ

Marriage, nuptials. -Wedded,
z)j* mwiMowaj. See Married.
libtit. See Apparel.
Weariness, wearisomeness, c_~*-3 Wedge, e. ..Â-J safln. A wedge
tetaJ, Lc :f. See Fatigue,
or mass of metal, <(-^~> sablkat.
See Ingot.
languor, lassitude.
Weary, wearied (fatigued), Ûxj Wedlock, \jHje. ^ttrs. See Marriage.
ta^ban. To weary (tire, fatigue), Wednesday, \x>j}\*^ yatom al
arbaâ.
k__~*i' fetâJ ; (to be or grow
Week, s. c~o'i iiyfni.-. (plur. *-'>-'
fatigued), t---*3 <^J.
AVeasel or
Scythian
or
Tartar
weasel, . (the sable or marten), Weekly (every week),

kol aibu-^ ; (once a week), Ji
jy*~> sammur. The white weasel
of Tartary (the ermine), *!'-
3^.$jc4j>- kol jumâh marrah.
Weep, v. (shed tears), *_*J damkdkum.
ma^, Jo bekl or laka\ See
Weather (state of the atmosphere),
Cry, lament.
(season),
mawiam. See Weeping, part. ^j-^Lj bakl. A
weeper, Îj Jaytl.
Sky, wind, rain, etc. To weather
Weigh,
t. (examine by the balance)
out (endure), ,Jâ>-l Hit,u,ml,
watan. To cause to weigh,
^.LtocT tahammal,j~a sabar.
Weave, . ^*uj naaaj, tl^_johayyak.
"Weaved, gy^* mamuj.
"Weaver, . tlXi
Weighed,
Weigher, . Û^ teaszan.
Weight, Jjj) waznat (plur.
hayy&k. The weaving art,

nusdjat.
or t-_'c ;_. a-azxtlt).
"VVeb, *. (of cloth), <U^. luhmat. A

spider's web, C
Wed, v. jj zawwaj.
See Marry.
A wedding, ,_~ c iurt.
See
Of
just weight, yjij^fbj' <wdm al

wazan. A weight (whatever ia
put into a scale for weighing any
thing), "~'j ii'i'Ziuit. Marking
weights according to standard.
jL_e ttyfir. Weight (gravity,
WEL
1046
WES
heaviness), JA) sikl; (authority,

be or grow well (recover from
importance, power), *\jJ> kudrat.
sickness), t ,JLii theft, <__>\1? <di.
Weightily (heavily, ponderously), Well, adv. xj naâm, >_ -..H tayyil.
Jxijij likol sikl; (importantly,
Well and ill, îi^-jji. khayr tea
powerfully), J>JJ Jj biMkudrat.
shar. Well nigh, LJÂJ takriban,
Weightiness (heaviness), Jju tiki ;
'LJLi gMldban, t.-JLiJlî/i

(solidity, force, importance) s^>
<7/ ghdlib. As well as,
kuwat.
jo
Weighty (heavy), (J-Jb saMl; (im Well-being, <sJ.J dateM, JLJl
portant), ;.' A/;////. *, muhim,
*;.-....< jntfcWw w /;//.
See Prosperity, happinera.
Welcome
(grateful,
pleasing),
Well-bred, tfi^l? swrf/. See Polite.
makbal. To welcome,
Well-natured, t-ÂJlcJ-y Zafi/
,_j i >-y tarahhab /!, < 1 -
a/ mashrab. See Good-natured.
', ^z hanna' ,
tdttam
Well-done ! liX---Lj ys habbeaa,
ZnAo. A welcome,
jt.Vir. ~<i:j;it.
-_,jj tdhniyat (plur. (_j^J takam),
Well-favored, ^û*. Aa*o, J-^Welcome ! you are welcome !
yamzZ. See Beautiful.
L- marhabft, \Q-tti&\ ahla tea
Wench, *. <U.-e sablyah. See Maid,
sahld.
girl, maid servant.
[ta/ay/ii.
Welfare,î khayr, i'jUi saâdat.
Wept, A_.J_ci_a-jLi_ mutaattaf
See Prosperity, happiness.
Were, as we were, Ll^L^ kama
Welkin, *. lyb hatea. See Sky.
Well, s.jfi Mr, k_^ /wJi. The
wella of Joseph, i*Jt~ij)j) bir
kunnd. If I were, U'^ _;^ las

kunt ana.
yusuf. To dig a well, j^jjs>hafar Mr.

Well (in health), ur4i> tayytb,
,_jlxi^ muta^&fi. See Healthy.
(happy), Jijjuj m^ld. See For
tunate, convenient, good.To
West, . tJjit* maghrfb (pi. c_ .lt

maghdrib), e_â!l tdgharl. Going
towards the west, s. <-*. <gharrdb, <~-~tj*J taghrib; part.,
<-->jX* mugharrab. West, westerly,
westera,
Jj-c- gharll.
West,
WHE
1047
westward, westerly, <-_>,*] liJ^J

lataraf al gharb.
[damp .
WHE
min hays ; (conse-
fila ajl
quently),
Wet, adj. i-J?j ratib. See Moist,
salile.
Wet, wetness, tejbj rutubat. ijlju "Whenever, whensoever,
marrah, Uil lammd. See When.
naduwat. See Moisture, wet.
Whenever it may be possible,
Wet, v. c_kj rattab, t_?Ju nadda'.
0>.CjlI lammd yamltin.
See Moisten.
Wharf, j^t ma^bar.

oy.
Where, ci..->- Aoy,
What ? t-a...? %/. What is the
Where are you going,
meaning? ^xt*I'ysL mahu al
^jiftr\j ila' ayn rayhln. Every
,i:i!-.n(i . What is the advantage ?
where, ^J^ J.G likol
iJijUll^jJbt* mahl alfdyidah. In Whereabout, C. **+ hays.
See
Where.
what state ? J l- ^b Jiay AZ.
At what time ? at what hour ? Whereas, ^ lianna; (on the con
trary), ^\ p.* ma^ an. See Since,
it'ay wa<,
on the contrary.
Whereat,
1 JJsJs-1 liajl hazu.
whatsoever,
t_$\ ay, L*-i . mahmS, L*K kottamd.. Whereby, ^^ min ayn.
Wheat, < ^- ^
Wherefore (for which reason), t
li-j'lil:, \JuJ^-^ IvyI hazd,
(bruised or boiled),
lurghul.
uLfl Jjjj*-^ min ajl zalik. Where
Wheel, . <!^sc- âjala,
bakara.
'--"
Whatever, whatso,
fore? (for what reason), loUj

Wheeled carriage, *.
araba.
limdta.
See Cart.
Wherein,
whereinto, whereto, whereWhen (at the time that),
fl hazu,
unto,
îndamU, \ it, LJ lammu ; (after
f\
the time that), L*Juti baidamu.
Whereof, <0^jj\ allazl laho.
Whereon, whereupon,
place),
allazl âlayhi.
When ? at what time ? ^*^\

aymata'.
Whence ?
(firom
what
* min hunuk;
what cause),
(from Wherever, wheresoever,

lutyeamd, Uijl aynamu
min saltie,
WHI
therewith,
wherewithal,
1048
WHI
Whirlpool, . ', J f ttnol,.+. yhamr,
zl bawusitathi.
iVhct, . , JU-ALto: iimalaho had.
^vL>- khallj.
~~ i w
iVhetstone, s. (j^^ muann.
rVrhey, ^.^sMl* ma al jubn.
shdrib, or (_JjlJd shawarib. See
Whirlwind, . ,.r.'.;^' aba zav/"f. '/:. See Wind.

iVhether, ^ ate, ^J^^ inkan.
Whether true or false, ô^ Whisker, *. or whiskers, t-Jj'i-i
Mustachio.
Whisper, r. ^>)^ wathtcaih.
Whisper or whispering, t. .__._.
rVhich (pron. relative'), ,_jj!'
waikwathat ; (or slandering),
(fern. , 1 allall, plur. masc.
<U-><J namlmah.
^jj| JJ1 <i//a-/ 1/ 1. Till which time,
Whisperer, s. ^-i^ mutcatktrish.
See Slanderer, informer.Whist.
Which? (interrog.), ,_$\ ay,
See Hush.
ayyama. From which?
Whistle, v. jLe safar. A whistle
min man. la which,
(with the lips), jJL0 tafir.
attaii lihi. See Wherein.
Whistler, .yL o/ir.
Vhile, . iJt< muddat. See Time.
Whit, <dafti wwJte. See Point, jot.
A long while, a good while, i\x
; -v-X. muddat madldat. While, White, j_â*jl abyad. White men
(in opposition to ^Jj-i sud.ir.
whilst, /)jt* ma dam. In the
negroes), Ûi-j blddn. The white
meanwhile, U^^J labaynimu.
of the eye, ^-*! ' ^.i L.- bayad al
irhim, whimsy, *. JLi- khayal.
;'.'.v. The white of an egg,
See Fancy.
aLj bayad al bayda.
Whimsical, J-icU mutalchayyil.
isflddj.
darab bil White-lead,
fhip, v.
Whiten,
v.
(make
white),
kwlaj. See Lash, beat; also
bayyad; (to be or grow white),
snatch ; baste, sew with wide
ibyad.
[Bleacher.
stitches.
rhip, i. te-jL* makraâh,
Whitener, s. ^,4rr* mubayyid. See
kurlaj. See Lash, scourge.
Whiteness, Ûj bayad.
Tiirl, . )3 Amor,
dawarun. Whither,
hayi,
fay
1049
WHO
suma. See Where.Whitherso

ever, I*-.-' aynamu, L*i-^>- haytwnu. See Wherever.
WID
whom, '
allazi minha.
With whom,
allazl Whore,
fahisha,
(fern. ^1 aUatl). He who, ^ Whore, . (commit whoredom),
man. Who ? (interrog.), ^\ ay.
[cation, adultery.
Who is it ? y^t-/* *on hu. Who Whoredom, Uj zwa. See Fornicame? Isj-j^ manja.
Whose,
#asZ (fern.
Whole (unimpaired),
See Who.
J-.li !.''< mil. Jl- *d/ii. See Whosoever, ^ man, ^\ ay.
Who, rel. pen. pron.
Entire, complete ; universal.

Why ? 1 JU! lima zd.
[wick.
Whole, *. &*> jitmlat,
Mli- Wick, *. <d-ii fatilah. See CandleWicked, ji.j^> skarlr, ,Ji> shall.
yat ; (or all), ^ 02,
See Bad, impious, profane.
jatnl^. Upon the whole,
Wickedly, jLJjî Jjo bikolsharrin
? a? jumlah,
wa fasad.
Wholesome, a^^jjly* mvicafik Wickedness, jLj fasad, ^ thar,
HI sahhat, _iU /'".//:. See Sound,
IcabaJiat (plur. ,^_'
salutary.--Wholesome advice,
i^^jUêl, roy ai-j'i.
Wide (broad),
" 'i
.'t:-,vA. See Broad, open.(de
Wholesomely, ilsrMj;slj^
/'/ ii<i:i--J>i. muwafik aaahhat.
viating, remote), Ju-J Im-.'nL
Wholesomeness, <Ls \Aai!fc
tvafakat assahhat.
Wholly, i-Klb i7 Mliyat,
Wide, widely (with great extent),

U-ilj wat^m, \*iijS- âridan ;
(remotely), Ly*.' lm-.it!a a. See
Far.
L '-*!'' tama- Widen, make wide, f. (extend),
i/UicJlj_ bittamam,
(
man, it-Lt^fij /<// jvmlat. See
îê. ârrad ; (to grow wide, be
Entirely, perfectly.
extended), ^ja^j.jâ sur âfid.
Wideness, ^J>jC. tard. See Width.
Whom, to whom
and
terrog.), l_jl ayyaho. From
breadth, broadness.
kamilan,
J 'w*w\_! '._,'
//// kamal,
WIL
1050
Widow, i. <l_Sij\ armalah. A

widower, ^j\ armal. Widow
hood, J-^J tarammul.
WIL
as a country), 'tc^j^J &&! ztrdât,
A*7u faldhat ; (without
meaning or coherency),
lilii ma^na'.
Width (breadth), ^jC. ârd; (extcnsiveness), 4*^ was-, at. See Wildness (fierceness, savageneas),
wahshanat.
Breadth.
Wile,
.
ALfala.h,J~+ malcr,j&.
Wife, s. &>-*j ttawjah, <^^> karinat.
ghadr. See Trick, stratagem.
To take a wife, jjj tazawwaj,
Wilful, Juxc ânJrf. See Perverse:
JJilj tuiiltlttil. See Marry.
Wilfully, jLw liiinad; (by de
Wight, ^âsr* shakfo. See Person,
being.
sign, on purpose), \^=j tasdan,
Wild (not tame), ^^>~) wahsht.
bil hud. Wilfulnese,
See Savage, fierce.(desert, un
iinad. See Pcrrerseness.
inhabited),
Wilily (cunningly), jLj J
ghayr ma^mUr ; (in a state of un Wiliness, ^L- 1-i'tili. See Cunning.
cultivated nature, as a country), Will, . \^j rida, jfjl^l iradat,
^Sji larri, j larr, jfVtstj-Ji
A .* ii'.- mashiyat. See Desire,
ghayr maimiir ; (uncivilised),
r ghayr mutamaddin,
ghalte. See Eude.(ir
regular, inconstant), jÂjl*
mdlaho tarar ; (imaginary, vi
wish, want, inclination.(com

mand, power), jLiri-1 ilhtiyar.
A will or last will, Lej toastygt
(plur. l.;L-i wasdya). See Testa
ment.The divine will. (tlitijU

j
sionary, absurd), JlstU mutaj iradat attah tabula'. Freekhayyil, ^t+bj uahml. A wild
^>-l ikhtiyar.
beast, i^/â-j wahsh (plur. i^y^j Will, v. jU rflrf. See Wish, de
wuhush).
sire.(to command), ^L^ habm,
Wild, wilderness, . l^*" sahra,
-*\ amar.
Willing,
adj.
j> barrtyat, &.\^[> ladiydh. See
rwK,
Desert.
raghib. See Voluntary. God
Wildly (fiercely), L&*.. JG likol
willing,
wahshanat; (without cultivation,
allah tai
1051
WIN
WIN
nabld.
Willingly, .Lii-l Jj bikolikhtiyur, Wine,
Fermenting as wine,
mukhtamir. The wine of Para
iayn. See Voluntarily.
dise
(nectar), (J-jâcTj zanjalll,
"Willingness, laj ridd. See Will.
>'-"Q tiimnin, Jjf kawsar. A
"Willow, *. uJLaitf gafiuf.
Win, v. u. lr. gJialab.
Wince, winch, e. (kick as a horse,
cup or glass of wine,

/['7.S1 khamr.
Wing, *. ^s^-janh. Wings,

ajnahtt. Flapping or fluttering
See
the wings, <U-Ls-jJL *aîzi
Gale, breeze, air. The north
jan&haho. See Flutter, flap.
wind, Ûjj^jjb hated shimall.
The right wing, >,~** ,-,."'..7.;'- :/.
The south wind, ^^s^yti hawii
The left wing, iy~~* mayBarat.
janull. The east wind,
/<.- sharki. The west wind, Wink, v. (shut the eyes),
^jjyilys A)(J gharbi. A gentle
ghammad. To wink or tip the
wink, ]*. ffhamaz. To wink or
wind, *-.**!' HIM in (plur. *jlJ
etc.), LJ /4<.
Wind, \jft> Aawfi, *TJ rlh.
connive at, ^liiH^îl aghmad

annazar.
H i
contrary wind, kjulsr*!^ Aajcd Wink, xj*. ghaiwah, <Ls'*J lamhat,
lahzat. See Twinkling.
mukhulif. A breath or blast of
wind, ^r>-' nafhat, ,,*uj naslm. Winking,
lc. yhdma.
Winking,
s.
. yhamsah. See
To blow as the wind,
See Blow.
Wink.
"Windflower, *. (anemone),
Winner, . e^l^ AdJ. See Gainer.
ti shaklk na^mdnl.
Winning (attractive, charming),
"Windlass, .- .
numjanik.
ii.y lattf, J-^9- jamll, ^pu*.
namyim). A favorable wind,
<__il^^_fc /;;'.''->; muwufik. A
,'.//.-/.//,-/. >'J'.L-
"Window, s.
Windpipe, ...
arriyat,
"Windy,
hasan.
Winter, liî shita. The intense
katabat
cold of winter, L-. .*. \\jlj4*)
lialkiu/i.
haieay.
tamharlr asfahita. Winter quar

ters, lxi^ mashta.
WIT
1052
Winterly, wintery (suitable to win

ter), t^ffJ^ shatawi.
Wipe, v. ^"* masah; (make clean),
t_fLai naddaf. To wipe out
(efface), "> natakh, jL battal.
Wipe, . (act of cleansing), ^*"
mash ; (sarcasm), (.y^> fain.
Wiper, s. (cleaner), ^l* musih.
Wisdom, L^>~ hilcmat. See Know
ledge, science.
Wise, ~a- hakim, Jiilc
See Sage, skilful.A wise man,
See Philosopher, sage.
Wise, <fcs-j teajh. See Manner.
WIT
Witch, *.
ahtrah.
See
Sorceress,enchantress.To witch.
See Bewitch.Witchcraft. See
Sorcery, necromancy.
With, .+ t, With him, 4*
aÂ, <0 i*A. With reverence,
Jîa-lj bi ihtiram. With diffi
culty, with much ado, ^J> ^
âla' larahin. With ease,
bi tuhnlat. With child,
hdmilah. See Pregnant.
Withdraw, . (take back, deprive
of), |JL â<fot ; (to retire).
ahram, i_JîJi insaraf,

Wiseacre, *. <_*-! ahmak. See
ajat. See Retreat.
Fool.
Wither, t>. Jjj <foi^.
Wisely, JêJ^J bikol akl,
Withered, Jj) j s&bil.
[awkaf.
hilcmat. See Sagely. Withhold, v. (keep back),
Wish, v. e^<*J tamanna', t>U rarf, Within,
See In.
t_^c; raghib. See Desire.
Within, withinside,
^ ft
Wish, . ^to iamawwl,
i shawk,
dukhil.
\j* murdd. See Desire.Â Without (not within), \_s>-,!_>
wisher, .- matomannf. See
kharijan, ^-j^>- kharij,
Wishful."
[jliiw. imushtak.
Wishful, wishing, k_^\j raghib,
Wit, . l_ji*J ya^nl, viz.
Wit (powers of the mind),
zihn,
t. See
Fancy, judgment. Wits (sound
mind), JJLc âM.
j iorra ; (wanting),
^-*j bighayr, } la, li
bila. Without bounds, ila*)L
4t7ci /.'.''/. Without cause, L
t_-~ ite *ff5aJ. Without doubt,
rayi.
Without delay,
WIT
1053
imhdl. Without neglect, J\j>\L

bila ihmal. Without order (irre
gular), -.Jjjib bild tadblr, \i
fc_^JJ'
Without
. - Â bild tartib.
hesitation, J-VJ'-b !<ili taraddttd.
WOM
witness, J^ sheJted. See Attest,
testify. A creditable witness,
JjL.xali shahid âdil. Wit
nessed, Oj^jlL* mashhud. Wit
nesses, Jî shuhud ; (testimony),

bila
i' jlî shahddat.
Without proof,
isldt. Without asking,
Witticism, *. tej nuktah.
bilu. talab. Without advantage Wittily, *-]jijf JJuiJ^j likol
bild fdyidah.
tea firdsat.
or profit,
Without politeness or decency, Wittiness, ijl^j saMtcat. See Wit.
<_;J\L bila adab. Without un Wittingly (knowingly), <ullsb bi
lii; (by design),
derstanding, JxcL bilu âitl.
it A-(?AY/, Lvâj kasdan,
See Ignorant.Without circum
iz7 i<M(i.
[tl^J J dayyus.
spection, SsLi-lL bild ihtiydt.
Without justice, JkXciLj bild âdl. Wittol, s. (contented cuckold),
liiln shafa- Witty,
Without pity,
muskhin. See In
genious, sarcastic.
kat. Without ambition or emula
bild ghlrat. With- Wives,
J zauy'dt.
tion,
bild kiyds. Woe (grief), !! o/am,
out measure,
Without constraint or compul
sion, jLâ-jilûi.-c^ bihasan al
ittir&b. Woe to you,

clX-1ij waylak. Woe to him,
ikhtiydr. Without (unless), 1\ illd,
j^, waylaho. Woe to me !
-'. tea illd, J^l in lam,ty latcld.

"Withstand, v. *jl5 Mwam, j-J^ Woeful, wobegone, *Jt mughim.
See Sorrowful, mournful, calami
mana^. See Esist, oppose.
tous.(paltry, wretched), j^Withy. See Willow.Witless. See
haklr, ijj danl.
Ignorant.
[ozzzi.
Witness, *. JJili ihahid. To call Wolf. . i oj
or take to witness, cite a witness, Wolfsbane, ^ô jJlj-iUamraah. A. young
shahhad. Woman, .
bring witnesses,
woman, <U.-e sabiyah. A preg
See Prove.To witness w- bear
WON
1054
WOO
nant woman, 4L*U~ humiiah. A

hasab el
barren woman, s.i\. iiikirah. A
. See According to custom.
chaste woman, <JAA& laflfah. Woo, v. (Ji<*.,c iiisJiik. See Court
An impudent or immodest woman, Wood (substance of trees and plants))
L. - * "^ AAfoii. Firewood,
-.iihirah. An old woman,
ity'tti. See Old.
"Womb, *. (matrix, uterus),
Women,
Wonder, v.
tahayyar,
Wonder,
tti'.iijjnb, Xjfst- hirat. See Amaze
t_-.Vt-. //iii4. Wood of aloes,

0*^ -.("'V. The wont kind of
aloes wood, . jl_si*_;^r oir
Sr"
"
samanjanl. Brazil ar red -wood,
Ju lul;kniit. Wood prepared for
building, a^-.-^ karazta.
Wood, . (forest), ^/^-s*- *"*,
Forest.
[Lark.
ment.A wonder,
jitdk. See Miracle.A wonder Woodlark, s. ij~j kunbarah. See
Woodlouse, K. i_-*-^^,J; ioi al
of wonders,
t'.
khashab,
1; bak al ,
âjab al âj&yib. Exciting won
der, t_S^* m-'.-.-'lji'ii.
j_AuA*uj ftufw.
Wonderful, wondrous, \_,- : ^ Woodman, woodmonger, woodcutter,
c.ajlb,jJ\j nadir. See Admirable,
woodseller, *.
hattal.
strange.Of wonderful beauty, Wood-pigeon, . *Lj nam. See
Turtle-dove.
^jûk-ljjU nadir al hum. Won
derful, , - ^ ;"/''''
Woody,jS^ mushjir.
Wonderfully, wondrously, î_-%s*f Wooer, . ^^1 lc laghtt. See Lover.
-Lz- bi -.n/it/ii/t -.HZ!HI.
Wooing, . J^c tilsAA. See Court
Wonder-struck, i_-~s:'*:~* mutagjjib.
ship.
[tada. See Warp.
Wont, to be wont, v. J\i*^L> tar Woof (of a web), v/A- tada',
a-" :t<n>, djfxj taâwtoad. Wont, Wool, uJ^s *a/ (plur.
wontedness, ;jlc ûdah, JUje-*l
aswuf). Fine soft wool (of
isti^mfil. See Use, usage, cus
camels, goats, etc.), j>y icalr,
tom, habit.Wonted,
WOR
1055
WOR
Woollen, i_Jj^ suf, <if^ m^n
addunya
guf. A woollen- draper, i>\j-*>

sawwaf.
Word, *. <ul kalimdh. The word
tea lakharah. Known to all the

world (celebrated), JUiu^^.u*-*
mashhur bil %&lam; (the in
of God, id!\<ul kalimat allaJi.
habitants of the world), J-6>1

LjjJI ahl addunyd.
[Avarice.
In a word, ,KJ1J-*U>
Worldliness, ^ 1- tama^. See
M. Word by word,
kalimah bi Icalimah. Words, Worldly (relating to the world),
i_Sj.J J dunyawl, (Jj^J^ dunyawl.
kalimat, CUUi&J lafz&t,
alftiz. In word and deed, Worm, . iJjJ dudat. The silk
#ti
#
worm, J .^.' J>ii rfitrf fl^ harlr.
JbOj JjJi kawlan wafiân.
See Silk- worm. Infected or
Swarming with worms, wormy,
JiA- mudawwid.
Wormwood,
^^^.il afsantln.
duce an effect),^jl assar, j^J J-f
Carnal tdiir. To work up (irri Worn, worn out, J^s=**"* mashuk,
- Uo.. wwiaâ^.
[ment.
tate), i_ ^.ri r.l aghdab.
Word, . ialij talaffat, |*-^J 'TtaUam. See Express.

Work, v. Jjc-il iiUaghal; (pro
Work, J^ Carnal, J*i shw/M. Worry, . See Harass, tease, torJ*j ^J. See Action, act, deed, Worse, il ashar.
Worship (religious adoration),
business, labor, toil.
îbiidat, Os^ t^. The wor
Workhouse, workshop, *.
ship of one God or Divine wor
karkhanah. See Shop.
ship, JUjilllijLs c/'/n~it!i>l allah
Working-day, work-day, *.
tabula'. See Adoration, rever
(JxjuJ^ yatem asJuhuffM.
ence,
respect.
Workman, worker, . mjU>
ft,Vn^*s_ ~^-\-a s&rwb sttnt-dh. See Worship, v. JL- êbed, ^J\Aesf^
sajad ila', .Jan ûstam. Se
Tradesman, laborer.
Adore,
reverence, respect, honor.
Workmanship, &Jtê sanâh,
Worshipped, Jj-** ma^lud.
sandâh. See Work, art, skill.
Worshipful, * Vr " ^L-^-jSjt^^
World, s. JU âlam, LJO duny>
I
mtt&taicjib atta^zim. WorshipThe present world and the next,
WOR
105G
WRA
fully,_,LifilÔjU=Mjj bikol iltifatin wa ittibar. See Reve
u<#dr waZ t'to/a. Worthy of

reward, ' ^j*-^\_ -"^-f- "* BM(*rently.
tawjib assawab.
iVorshipper of God, *. M\c. ^dbid. Would, ULJU faitan. Would to
A -worshipper of idols,
God, u: ^.iU yd /ay^.
tctuanl.
Wound (rolled up or round),
-il ashar.
?/rfawi0ar.
iVorth (price, value), <U.Ji klmat ; Wound, *. _jjS^- juruh (plnr.
(excellence),
istihkak. See Virtue, worthiness,
merit; importance.
tVorth (equal in price or value),
jirK). An old wound, jiêU o*fir.

One who cures wounds, r^JT
jmrah. See Surgeon.A tent
for wounds, dl.-.i fattlah.
(JJub* mUiudil, t_sLu.> yasiiwl. Wound, v. jS^jarah.

\Jarik.
See Worthy.
Wounded, rjj1^* nu^r&h,
Worthily, -UJ& likol liyakat, Wrangle, v. c j\j HUM-.. See Dis
jjliLsLilj Jt ittikkak.
pute, quarrel.
IVorthiness, <Lii\ ... i liyakat. See Wrangle, . <L*fo~ khtwumat, c'jJ
Worth, excellence.
munazaât. See
iVorthless, .&?> ,'.,'</, ^JJ rfawz,
Dispute, quarreL
^.x*i>r^ khasls. See Mean, vile, Wrap, wrap up, e. ^_~ fa/. See
Roll up, involve ; comprise, con
unworthy.
tain. To wrap in a winding
Vorthlessness, i^,LJL- hakarat,
sheet, ^ ka/an. Wrapped,
<U)Luji. khatasat. See Meanness,
!_jjLL* malfuf. A wrapper (one
vileness, baseness.
that wraps), i_aJLL* mtilajfif; (that
Worthy (deserving), ^j^w* tajiikkf \^~s>-j ". .* mttitatcjib ;
in which anything is wrapped),
(suitable, proper, becoming), ^3
ijUJ ?i/a/a<.
[ftryliiyik, __--^-j "- -r iirii.stauyib, Wrath, ^.^.-rr. ghadab. See Anger,
mustahil.
honor or respect,
ii ghadub, 0. ^Worthy of Wrathful,

ghadban. Sec Angry, furious.
auutmcjib al Wrathfully, c.->-i J^J likolghadab.
1057
WEE
Wrathless, i_-wii5b lila. ghadab.
Wreak, . (vengeance), *ul intakam. See Eevenge.

Wreakful, jy_L_- hakud.
See
WEI
(meanly, despicably), ijlfc*- Jj
bikol hakarat.
Wretchedness (misery) 4v ,Xu<
maskanat, i(jlLi> shakdwat; (contemptibleness, baseness), iÛis-
"Eevengeful.
hakurat. See Pitifulness.
Wright. See Carpenter, artificer,
See Euin, destruction ; also ship
workman.
wreck.To wreck. See Euin,
Write, v. (perform the act of writ
destroy ; shipwreck, to be ship
ing), t_-^ katab. To write to
wrecked.Wrecked. See Euinone another, ^j-J&i <ad<aJu. To
ed, shipwrecked.
write a book, t-JUiu-^-S
Wrench, wrest, v (to pull or twist
it'âi. To write a letter,
by violence), . ibjuii shadd bil
^jpL*katabmaktub. See Letter.
zawr. See Distort, extort, sprain .
A copy to write by, (j~*
Wrestle, v. fjL-a sara^. See
mashk.
Struggle, contend.
Writer, v. (one who practises the
Wrestler, ? t\*z* musarii.
art of writing), k__-J l katib. See
Wreck, * .X& hadm, t_r-o^sT takhrlb.
Secretary.(an author), u-8v.-i^>
Wrestling, s.
"Wretch, s. (a poor man), (.j*
ma&kln (fern. iJ-'.-.C.. . / masklnat,
pi 11 r.
musannif, (_ftJ^ muattif. See

Historian.
Writhe, v. ji baram. See Twist,
distort, wring, wrest.

Writing (part, present}, t_.--J^
less fellow), !?
lufili. Writing, s. <L\i kit&bat ;
"Wretched, unhappy (miserable),
(composing), *_ ----^" tasnlf, uuj i
lj*Luj** maskln, ,J-Z> shakl. See
tnsAa. A writing (written in
Poor, calamitous.(contemptible,
strument), t_j>^- maktub,
mean), JJ J zafi?, (J<^ rfawJ- See
khatt. A writing-school,
Worthless, infamous, base.
mas&kln),
; (a worth
Wretchedly (unhappily), *j\JLi J^J

ihakdteat. See Miserably.
maktab. Hand-writing,
/tAa yarfrf. The sacred writings,
WRY
_
1058
YEA
at kitab al mit-
kaddas.
See Scripture.
Written, i__>^C mitklu.li.
Y.
AboveY is expressed in Arabic by i_j,
written, /yj^*!! al markum,

^jiju yii.'-'t, ' that is to say, viz.'
j^r\u>,4\\ al mastar.
See Above-
mentioned.Written or signed by
Yard, . (inclosed ground adjoining

to a house), fj^"0 Btthn, i^>~\.
a judge, Ji*^* mutatajyil.

sahah. A court-yard in caravan]g zttlm, o^J taâddl,
seras, inns, etc. (where burdens
jator, jj*> darar.
See In
are deposited or loaded), ^k*-
jury, error.
Vrong (not right, bad),^^) sharlr;
(unsuitable), i_r~U^ri ghayr
munasib. See Unfit.
Wong, t>. *!!: talam, ê darr,
,_Jkj tatodda'.
See Injure.
Vronged, fjl^ waz/flw, jjjî
/,-//::,i. A yard (measure of length),

J^li yard.
A measure of two
yards, JLÛ kamah. See Fathom.

Yarn, !.Xj soda.
See Warp, woof,
Ye, *ij! antum.
[thread.
Yean, v. (bring forth as sheep, etc.),

i_,'_v. waladat.
Year, . t~> sanah, - ; /.
madrHr.
Wronger, . ^Juc^ mutn-.addl.

Vrongful, <_iLai!!b ij'to MMO/. See
Unjust, oppressive.Wrongfully,
l_^- --' ''"''''' hakk.
shamsiyah.
A lunar year, Ai^
Brought (made, done, performed,
.year, /UlUJLfc hasa al âm. Last
cifected), ^ *~^.* matnu^, J IA
year, the year immediately pre
.;."\,i'ii', J|^*L mafâl; (labored,
ceding, ^0l*S\,lc -.rim al modi.
done with care and difficulty),
The new year, : .y j^ '.._' assanat al jadidah.

Every year,
<U-j J^ /.! tanah. See Yearly.
ma-.multikoliitind. tea mushakleah.

Wrought (in the loom),
Years, ^j-^-: .
Yearling, s. t
Yearly (every year),
wdyi^.
See Crooked.
sanah, ,_>vi sanawi.
1059
YIE
Yeast (or leaven used in raising Yielded (surrendered), j_s.\x

bread), Sj^>- khamlrah.
Yellow, jLa\ asfar (fern. \jLa safro).
To be or become yellow, jLe\
f?i,;//_, j 1 .u " f muttuallam ;

(granted, allowed), ^-^-v tnamnuh, !_/&>--* murakhkhas.
itfor.
Yoke (for oxen, etc.),^.J nlr. A
Yellcwish.jlfuJJ Jj \*mo.yil HI tofar.
yoke or pair of oxen, etc.,îujJ
mwj lakar. See Slavery, servi
Yellowness, XjLe safrat.
tude ; link, chain, pair.
Yolk (of an egg), JUa-JljlLe a/dr
Yes, *J n in at.
/ laydah.
Yesterday, ^ju-l ams, j\^\ til
i You, sJl ttiiliiM (fern, (jiil
burih. Yesterday evening or
tun,in']. You or to you, *.'_'.
yester-night, *-jL!l al burihak.
//://( (fern. ^^3 likinna).
Yet, \*\ ammd, ^jil lakin, 5H_j wa
Young, youthful, <_?Li *Aai, ^JJ
ilia. See But, still.(hitherto),
fata' (fern. &~j fattyah).
^^Jl ila' al&n; (over and
Youngly, youthfully, tjllJIJi**
above), jjy fatok. See Beside.
///('./ athshdb.
Once more, Us-^ aydan. See Youth, (_>l* shabdb, iLjjfJ* shabuAgain.(after all), j-st$\j-~\
biyat. The flower of youth,
i///iti- al amr. See Nevertheless.
Yelp, v. _v nabah.
See Bark.
Yield, v. (produce), <U/Ja<>- hasal

minhi, ^Ju nafa^ ; (to exhibit to Youthfnlness. See Youth.
Tiew),^^! azhar. See Show. Your, ^ leum (fern. ^ kim
(to grant permission), ^Ja=1
Your books, *-'---i kutbukt
jjli>-l a^ta' ijazah. See Allow,
(j~ kutbukinna.
To yc
permit.(to give up), *!_ sallam.
books, *(,',$^J\ il*' kutlikum.
To yield up one's-self, <)JW,L>
sallam Mlaho. See Submit.To
yield up the ghost,
sallam arruh. See Die.
Yielding (complying), ^l
Z.
Z is expressed in Arabic by j ; a
' an ornament.'
The followin
1060
ZEA
ZON
letters are also pronounced by the Zealously, JL.iJj likol ghirat.

Arabs like z, viz. : J, as J* J zikr, Zenith, . ^j*\j H' "* sa< arras,
'remembrance,' and is, as ii\J&
AaJlc^v*^ -vrfi/^ annasar.
zarafat, 'elegance.'
Zephyr, *. *-j naslm.
Zeal, zcalousness, i^c ghirat, t~*s*- j Zest, * JJ /'/:;#. See Relish.
hamiyat. Zeal for God or religion, i Zodiac, .s. j^JUii lr.< mantakat al
i^Mj+s. ghirat ilahiyah, i^-i
luruj.
<Ui.; J ghirat dlniyah. A zeal for Zone, ,v. iiiku, mantakat. See
religion and country, ^jJl^c
.^.A'.'. ghirat addln tool dawlat.
See Heat, warmth, ardor.
Zealot, . Jît_-a-Lj sahib ghirat.
Zealous, j^s. ghayyur. See "Warm,
hot, fervent.
Girdle.The frigid zone, <uiax*

: J ,Ui muntakat al baridat. The
torrid zone, 0* ^*\A 5 U T
,in'.iiiiJ:nt
al muhrikat.
temperate zone,
mantakat al mu^tadilah.
ERRATA.
Page 187, /orj.[Jj3, a starling, rarf bar tin.
324, for Adjust, v. âj nazm, read nasam.

452, /w i j! j, r#a(i <y_j|j.
483, /or Efflux, u
492, /r Enhance, jl J, read
618, /or Jl J,
,,
900, far
1006, for
9TKFHKN AV8TIN, PB1NTKK, HERTroXD.
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ENGLISH AND ARABIC DICTIONARY.

ENGLISH AND ARABIC

ENGLISH AND ARABIC,

THE KINO OF PRUSSIA IS 184ft), AND OK OTHKH

" The greater part of our mercliants and consuls living in

from every English and Arabic Dictionary ; and I feel confident

LONDON, 7, HOWARD STREET, STKAND,

.UJI tUUt 431 cjl l!

(English and Juabic.

Abandon, p. clJy tarak, j^ hty'ar. Abbreviate, p.y.aTS-1 ikhtasar.

/-2 ^azlat, uV*^

s\jz~>\ isiikrdh, Sj\^c. ^ad&wat,

Able, Jjl5 kalil, jjli kudir.

Abolish, v. jLj battal, Jiul

mn fawk. Above-men Absolution, .^

J1-^ ' istiklal, *--^-Absolutely (despotically),

muttakillan, \ s \ \-i t mutlakan ;

Abyss, g. (jf ^amk, <Ls! lujjat,

Academy, s. <L^,Jn madrasat.

Abstruse, abstract, J^*-< mughldk. Accent, s. <u^- harakat; (to point

Accepted (received), Jj-Ji^ tnaklul.

tamatkhar; (to deceive),

fever, j^^k.l^J rfawr aZ humma1.

9 daml- Accomplished (completed, perfect),

Accidents of the body, ^j>}f

permission, Jrjl^-S'k.-"^*- Aaw*

Accost, . L> gallam, <-Jj karrab. Accumulation,

ilay he be accursed, <uLe<idJ|jJ

j*~ k/tabbar. Account (value),

\JH\J lighayr rds.

Acerbity (sourness), Lay^a~ humuAche, s. f-f^j waja^. The head

.=- ini/it; aiHintiii. The

ache, or disease of the liver,

&_, (. \\m--s~2 waja^alkibd.

Acquiescence, J^-Js kabul,

Ache, v. (suffer pain), j-^-y tawajja^.

Acquire, v. J^a>- A**a/.

Acquired, J-is-* muhassal.

Achieve, v. J^* kammal, *<tJ tow-

acquired, J^sT taJiasml.

Achievement, *. (heroic action),

Acquirable, JirfU yuttuhassal.

Acquirer, *. J-Ls-* muhauil.

one's duty), <uLci-^

S-WM maghfarat. An acquittance

mukarrar, i_J^t mu^taraf.

Acrimony, acritude, i;L* marurat-

ihsan. Across, jj-

Acorn, . tjL1 ballut.

Acting (part, pres.),

Act or Action, *. J*i

i-l^- tnusdhabat, iUs*3 siihbat.

Acquaintance,*. c_^s-Un musahib.

suit, or cause, \^ da^wd, t\j

j^ Carnal salih. A heroic

*~*^- janii. Additions, *jl<"0

makrun, ^,'f^t multmik.

Admiral, *. J5/r^ ammlral,

.sd\ amir al bahr

iitabar ; (to love), ^JM!

nazm, k_--^J/ tartib.

Admonisher, s. ^\i nusi/i.

permission, Jrjl^-S'k.-"^- Aaw

Acquirer, . J-Ls- muhauil.

Act or Action, . Ji

~^- janii. Additions, *jl<"0

Accumulation, ^^ jamt, >&

Accuser, . ^J- muaaoii