Term End Examination - May 2013

Course

: MEE233

Class NBR

: 1064

Time

: Three Hours

Heat Transfer

Slot: B2+TB2

Max.Marks:100

Note:
1. Use of Steam table and HMT data book are permitted
2. Any missing data could be suitably assumed
PART - A (10 X 2 = 20 Marks)
Answer ALL Questions
1.

Explain the concept of critical radius of insulation.

2.

Define Biot number with its significance.

3.

Distinguish between Free convection and Forced convection.

4.

Write the equation of Chilton Colburn analogy.

5.

What do you mean by saturated pool boiling?

6.

Define radiation shape factor.

7.

Highlight the uses of baffles in a shell and tube heat exchanger.

8.

Plot the temperature variations in parallel flow and counter flow heat exchanger.

9.

Specify the performance measuring factors for evaporators.

10.

Mention the advantages and disadvantages of Calendria type evaporators.

PART B (5 X 16 = 80 Marks)
Answer ALL Questions

11. a)

A 1.2-m-diameter and 6-m-long cylindrical propane tank is initially filled with liquid
propane whose density is 581 kg/m3. The tank is exposed to the ambient air at 30 C,
with a heat transfer coefficient of 25 W/m2 C. Now a crack develops at the top of the
tank and the pressure inside drops to 1 atm while the temperature drops to 42 C,
which is the boiling temperature of propane at 1 atm. The heat of vaporization of
propane at 1 atm is 425 kJ / kg. The propane is slowly vaporized as a result of the heat
transfer from the ambient air into the tank, and the propane vapor escapes the tank at
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42C through the crack. Assuming the propane tank to be at about the same
temperature as the propane inside at all times, determine how long it will take for the
propane tank to empty if the tank is (a) not insulated and (b) insulated with 7.5-cmthick glass wool insulation (k = 0.038 W/m C).
OR

11. b)

Obtain an expression for the temperature profile, amount of heat transferred, fin
efficiency and fin effectiveness for a short rectangular fin without insulated end using
the basic principles of energy balances.

12. a)

i) Air at 30 oC flows with a velocity of 2.8 m/s over a plate of 1000 mm (length) x

[8]

600 mm (width) x 25 mm (thickness). The top surface of the plate is maintained at

90 oC. If the thermal conductivity of the plate material is 25 W/m oC, calculate the
heat lost by the plate and bottom temperature of plate at steady state.
ii) A square plate maintained at 95 oC experiences a force of 10.5 N when forced air at

[8]

25 C flows over it at a velocity of 30 m/s. Assuming the flow to be turbulent and

using Colburn analogy, calculate the average heat transfer coefficient and the heat
loss from the plate surface.
OR

12. b)

i) A steam pipe 7.5 cm in diameter is covered with 2.5 cm thick layer of insulation

[8]

which has a surface emissivity of 0.9. The surface temperature of the insulation is
80 oC and the pipe is placed in atmospheric air at 20 oC. Considering heat loss by
radiation and natural convection, calculate (i) heat loss from 6m length of the pipe;
(ii) Overall heat transfer coefficient and the heat transfer coefficient due to
radiation alone.
ii) Consider an 8-cm-diameter incandescent light bulb of 60-W lighted in a 25C
room. The emissivity of the glass is 0.9. Assuming that 10 percent of the energy
passes through the glass bulb as light with negligible absorption and the rest of the
energy is absorbed and dissipated by the bulb itself by natural convection and
radiation; determine the equilibrium temperature of the glass bulb.
13. a)

Saturated steam at 80 oC condenses on the outside of a horizontal tube of 100 mm OD

and length L. The tube wall is maintained at 70 oC. When the tube was kept vertical, it
was observed that the rate of condensation was same as before. Find the tube length, L
and the rate of condensation per hour.
OR

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[8]

13. b)

Two large plates A and B are maintained at 327 oC and 27 oC and their surface
emissivities are 0.8 and 0.5 respectively. Two thin radiation shields C and D having
emissivities 0.5 and 0.4 respectively are introduced between the given planes. The
given planes are in order A, C, D and B. Assuming all the planes are infinitely long,
find the rate of heat exchange per unit area and steady state temperatures attained by
plane C and D.

14. a)

Explain the concept of LMTD and need for adopting it in a heat exchanger design.
From the basic principles of thermodynamics, derive the expression for LMTD for a
parallel and counter flow heat exchanger.
OR

14. b)

Calculate the total length of a double pipe heat exchanger required to cool 5500 kg/h of
ethylene glycol from 85 oC to 68 oC using toluene as cooling media which flows in
counter current fashion. Toluene enters at 30 oC and leaves at 62 oC.
Data:
Outside diameter of outside pipe = 70 mm
Outside diameter of inner pipe = 43 mm
Wall thickness of both pipes = 3 mm
Mean properties of both fluids:

Property

Ethylene Glycol

Toluene

(kg/m3)

1080

840

Cp (kJ / kg K)

2.680

1.8

k (W/ m K)

0.248

0.146

(kg / m s)

3.4 x 10-3

4.4 x 10-4

Thermal conductivity of the metal pipe is 46.52 W/m K and ethylene glycol is flowing
through the inner pipe.

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15. a)

A double-effect evaporator is employed to concentrate 10,000 kg/h of caustic soda

solution from 9% to 47% of NaOH using backward feed arrangement. The feed enters
the evaporator at 309 K (36o C). Process steam at 686.62 kPa g is available and in the
second effects a vacuum of 86.66 kPa is maintained. Design a suitable forced
circulation system with equal heating surface in both the effects. Calculate the steam
consumption and evaporation in each effect. Neglect boiling point rise. The overall
heat transfer coefficients in the first and second effects are 2326 and 1744.5 W/ (m2.K)
respectively. Take a specific heat value of 3.77 kJ/ (kg K) for all caustic streams.
OR

15. b)

Highlight the concept of vapor recompression in evaporators. With neat sketches,

explain the different types of vapor recompression studied by you.

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