BAJAJ GROUP

OWNER:Bajaj Group (pronounced: [buh-jaaj]) is

an Indian conglomerate founded by Jamnalal Bajaj in 1926, Mumbai.[2]
[3]
Bajaj Group is one of the oldest & largest conglomerates based
in Mumbai, Maharashtra.[4
MAIN ROLE :]

The group comprises 36 companies & its flagship company Bajaj

Auto is ranked as the worlds fourth largest two- and three-wheeler
manufacturer.[5] Some of the notable companies are Bajaj Auto Ltd,
Bajaj Finserv Ltd, Hercules Hoists Ltd, Bajaj Electricals, Mukand
Ltd, Bajaj Hindusthan Ltd and Bajaj Holding & Investment Ltd.[6] The
group has involvement in various industries that include automobiles
(2- and 3-wheelers), home appliances, lighting, iron and steel,
insurance, travel and finance. The group is headed by Rahul Bajaj
RAW MATERIALS:Tyres & Tubes
Non Ferrous
Metals Ferrous
Metals

CAPTIAL INVESMENT:142.58billion $

TATA GROUP
CAPITAL INVESTMENT:The combined market capitalisation of all the 32 listed Tata
companies was INR 8.4 Trillion ($ 141.27 billion) as of July 2014.
[6]
Tata receives more than 58% of its revenue from outside India.[7]
OWNER :-

The current chairman of the Tata group is Cyrus Pallonji Mistry,

who took over from Ratan Tata in 2012.[8] Tata Sons is the
promoter of all key Tata companies and holds the bulk of
shareholding in these companies. The chairman of Tata Sons has
traditionally been the chairman of the Tata group. About 66% of
the Equity (finance)of Tata Sons is held by philanthropic trusts
endowed by members of the Tata family.
MAIN ROLE:Tata Group as the 11th most reputable company in the world.
[10]
The survey included 600 global companies. The Tata Group has
helped establish and finance numerous quality research,
educational and cultural institutes in India.[11][12] The group was
awarded the Carnegie Medal of Philanthropy in 2007 in recognition
of its long history of philanthropic activities.
RAW MATERIALS:Tyres, Tubes and Flaps Engines Steel, Steel Tubes,
Steel Melting Paints, Oils and Lubricants
Non-Ferrous Alloys/Metals
Paints, Oils and Lubricants
Non-Ferrous Alloys/Metals
BIOLOGY ACTIVITY

The Ganges is the largest river in India with an extraordinary religious importance for Hindus.

Situatedalong its banks are some of the world's oldest inhabited cities likeVaranasi and Patna.

t provides water to about 40% of India's population across 11 states,[1] serving an estimated

population of 500 millionpeople or more, which is larger than any other river in the world. [2][3]

Today, it is considered to be the

sixth most polluted river in the world.[4]

A number of initiatives have been undertaken to clean the river but failed to deliver desired

results.[5] After getting elected, India's Prime minister Narendra Modi affirmed to work for

cleaning the river and

controlling Pollution.[6] Subsequently, Namami Ganga project was announced by the Government in

July 2014 budget

Human waste[edit]

The Ganges river basin is one of the most fertile and densely populated regions in the world and covers

an area of 1,080,000 km2 (400,000 square miles). The river flows through 29 cities with population over

100,000; 23 cities with population between 50,000 and 100,000, and about 48 towns. [8] A large

proportion of the waste in the Ganges is from this population through domestic usage like bathing,

laundry and public defecation.

ndustrial waste[edit]

Countless tanneries's chemical plants, textile mills, distilleries, slaughterhouses, and hospitals contribute

to the pollution of the Ganges by dumping untreated waste into it.[9] Industrial effluents are about 12% of

the total volume of effluent reaching the Ganges. Although a relatively low proportion, they are a cause

for major concern because they are often toxic and non-biodegradable. [1]

Religious events[edit]

During festival seasons, over 70 million people bathe in the Ganges over a few weeks [10] to cleanse them

selves from their sins. Some materials like food, waste or leaves are left in the Ganges for

ritualistic reasons.[11]

Dams[edit]

Built in 1854 during the British colonization of India, the Haridwar dam has led to decay of the Ganges

by greatly diminishing the flow of the river. The Farakka Barrage was built originally to divert fresh water

into theHooghly River but has since caused an increase of salinity in the Ganges, having a damaging

effect on the ground water and soil along the river.[8] The barrage has caused major tension between

Bangladesh and India. The government of India has planned about 300 dams on the Ganges and its

tributaries in the near future despite a government-commissioned green panel report that has

ecommended scrapping 34 of the dams citing environmental concern

mpact[edit]

Marine life[edit]

The results of mercury analysis in various specimens collected along the basin indicated that some fish

muscles tended to accumulate high levels of mercury. Of it, approximately 5084% was organic

mercury. A strong positive correlation between mercury levels in muscle with food habit and fish length

was found.[17]

The Ganges River dolphin is one of few species of fresh water dolphins in the world. Listed as an

endangered species, their population is believed to be less than 2000. Hydroelectric and irrigation dams

along the Ganges that prevents the dolphins from traveling up and down river is the main reason for the

r reducing population.[18]

Wildlife[edit]

Some of the dams being constructed along the Ganges basin will submerge substantial areas of nearby

forest. For example, the Kotli-Bhel dam at Devprayag will submerge 1200 hectares of forest, wiping out

the river otters and 'mahaseer' (a kind of fish) that are found here. [12] Wildlife biologists in India have

been warning that the wild animals will find it difficult to cope with the changed situation.

Human beings[edit]

An analysis of the Ganges water in 2006 showed significant associations between water-borne/enteric

disease pop and the use of the river for bathing, laundry, washing, eating, cleaning utensils, and

brushing teeth.[13] Water in the Ganges has been correlated to contracting dysentery, cholera, hepatitis, [9]

as well as severe diarrhea which continues to be one of the leading causes of death of children in

India.[19]

During the summer and monsoon, hospital wards teem with children who need treatment for

waterborne diseases - but according to Dr SC Singh, a pediatrician at Varanasi's

Shiv Prasad Gupta Hospital, their parents rarely mention that they have been swimming in the river.

They don't appear to have made the connection, he says.[20]

Cleaning efforts[edit]

Ganga Action Plan[edit]

The Ganga Action Plan or GAP was a program launched in January 1986 in order to reduce the

pollution load on the river. But the efforts to decrease the pollution level in the river were unsuccessful

even after spending Rs 9017 million.[21][22] Therefore, this plan was withdrawn on 31 March 2000.

The steering Committee of the National River Conservation Authority reviewed the progress of the GAP

and necessary correction on the basis of lessons learned and experiences gained from the GAP; phase

2 schemes have been completed under this plan. A million litres of sewage is targeted to be intercepted
diverted and treated. Phase-II of the program was approved in stages from 1993 onwards, and

ncluded the following tributaries of the Ganges: Yamuna, Gomti, Damodar and Mahananda. As of 2011
it is currently under implementation.[23]

Scientists and religious leaders have speculated on the causes of the river's apparent self-purification

effect, in which water-borne bacteria such as dysentery and cholera are killed off thus preventing large

scale epidemics. Some studies have reported that the river retains more oxygen than is typical for

comparable rivers; this could be a factor leading to fewer disease agents being present in the water.[24]

National River Ganga Basin Authority (NRGBA)

Main article: National Ganga River Basin Authority

NRGBA was established by the Central Government of India, on 20 February 2009 under Section 3 of
the Environment Protection Act, 1986. It also declared Ganges as the "National River" of India. [25]

The chair includes the Prime Minister of India and Chief ministers of states through which the Ganges

flows.[26] In 2011, the World Bank "approved $1 billion in funding for the National Ganga River Basin

Authority."[27]

Supreme Court of India[edit]

The Supreme Court has been working on the closure and relocation of many of the industrial plants

like tulsi along the Ganges and in 2010 the government declared the stretch of river between Gaumukh

andUttarkashi an "eco-sensitive zone".[14]

DONE BY B.NIREEKSHAN KUMAR XG30