Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ni dung ca chng :
1. QUN TR L G?
1.1. Khi nim v qun tr
1.2. Qun tr l mt khoa hc hay l mt ngh thut?
1.2.1. Qun tr l mt khoa hc
1.2.2. Qun tr l mt ngh thut
1.3. Cc chc nng qun tr
1.4. Vai tr v ngha ca hot ng qun tr
2. NH QUN TR
2.1. Th no l nh qun tr?
2.2. Vai tr v k nng ca nh qun tr
1.2.2.1. Vai tr ca nh qun tr
1.2.2.2. Cc k nng qun tr (Managerial Skills)
1/ Qun tr l g ?
Noi mot cach tong quat, quan tr la hoat ong can
thiet phai c thc hien khi con ngi ket hp vi nhau trong
cac to chc nham at c nhng muc tieu chung.
ay la mot nganh hoc can thiet cho con ngi khi ket
hp vi nhau cung lam viec trong tap the. Neu moi ca nhan
t mnh hoat ong, song mot mnh khong lien he vi ai th
khong can en hoat ong quan tr.
Mc tiu cn bn ca qun tr
HIU QU - EFFICIENTLY
S DNG CC NGUN LC KHN NGOAN
V TRONG MT CCH CHI PH C HIU QU
(Using resources wisely and in a cost-effective way)
KT QU - EFFECTIVELY
Ra cc quyt nh ng n v thc hin chng thnh cng
(Making the right decisions and successfully implementing them )
Hoch nh-Planning
T chc- Organizing
Determining how activities and resources are grouped.
Lnh o- Leading
Getting organizational members to work together to
advance the interests of the organization.
Kim tra - Controlling
Monitoring organizational progress towards goals.
2. NH QUN TR
Cc
quyt nh
chin lc
Cc quyt nh
chin thut
Cc quyt nh
tc nghip
ng c qun tr
C hi i vi qun tr
C hi cho cc nh qun tr nc ta , ang v s c rt nhiu. C hi
khng t n bin thnh thnh cng. Thnh cng ca cc nh qun tr l s kt
hp ch yu gia nng lc, ng c , c hi v s nhiu yu t khc na.
BI S 2
LCH S CC T TNG
V HC THUYT V QUN TR
Mc tiu nghin cu
C nhng trng phi t tng qun tr no v s pht trin
ca chng ra sao?
Nhng t tng qun tr ng gp g i vi cng vic ca
cc nh qun tr?
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Ni dung ca chng
2.1. CC L THUYT C IN V QUN TR
2.1.1. L thuyt qun tr khoa hc
2.1.2. Trng phi qun tr hnh chnh
2.2. L THUYT TM L X HI TRONG QUN TR
2.3. L THUYT H THNG V NH LNG V QUN TR
2.4. TRNG PHI TCH HP TRONG QUN TR
2.4.1. Phng php qun tr qu trnh (Management process
approach)
2.4.2. Phng php tnh hung ngu nhin (Contingency
approach)
2.4.3. Trng phi qun tr Nht Bn
2.1. CC L THUYT C IN V QUN TR
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Nghin cu ti nh my Hawthorne do Elton Mayo (18801949) Gio s ca i hc kinh doanh Havard ni ting M thc hin
v tri qua nhiu kt qu nghin cu thc nghim khc ca cc nh tm
l cng nghip,
Nhm ny cho rng, s tha mn cc nhu cu tm l ca con
ngi nh
mun c ngi khc quan tm,
mun c ngi khc knh trng,
mun c vai tr quan trng trong s nghip chung,
mun lm vic trong bu khng kh thn thin gia cc ng
s v.v
c nh hng ln n nng sut v thnh qu lao ng ca con ngi.
T tng chnh ca nhm cc l thuyt v tm l x hi:
Doanh nghip l mt h thng x hi.
Khi ng vin khng ch bng yu t vt cht m cn phi quan
tm n nhng nhu cu x hi.
Tp th nh hng trn tc phong c nhn (tinh thn, thi ,
kt qu lao ng ).
Lnh o khng ch l quyn hnh do t chc, m cn do cc
yu t tm l x hi ca t chc chi phi.
Tuy vy n cng cn mt s hn ch:
Qu ch n yu t x hi Khi nim con ngi x hi ch
c th b sung cho khi nim con ngi kinh t ch khng th
thay th.
L thuyt ny coi con ngi l phn t trong h thng khp kn
m khng quan tm n yu t ngoi lai.
2.3. L THUYT H THNG V NH LNG V QUN TR
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MC TIU NGHIN CU
Khi nim
Vai tr
Bn cht : quyt nh qun tr l hnh vi sng to ca nh qun
Phn loi
1. Phn loi theo tnh hung
Programmed Decisions
Nonprogrammed decisions
1- La chn phng n ti u;
2345678-
nh hng,
Bo m cc yu t thc hin;
Phi hp hnh ng.
Chc nng ng vin, cng bc;
Bo m tnh thng nht trong thc hin;
Bo m tnh hiu qu trong kinh doanh;
Bo m tnh hiu lc;
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9- Bo mt .
Nhu cu;
Kh nng ca n v;
Thi c v ri ro;
1. Nhng hnh thc ra quyt nh ch yu: bng ming, bng vn bn, thng
bo, ngh quyt, quyt nh chnh thc v.v
2. Yu cu: Hnh thc ca cc quyt nh phi n gin d hiu, gy n tng,
ph hp vi ni dung, ph hp vi i tng thc hin quyt nh.
3. La chn hnh thc thch hp: cng mt ni dung ngi ta c th ra quyt
nh bng nhiu hnh thc khc nhau, do cn la chn hnh thc ph hp v
c hiu qu nht.
7. PHNG PHP V NGH THUT RA QUYT NH
K thut Delphi
Thit k bn cu hi v mi thnh vin s tr li cc cu hi mt
cch c lp & v danh
Cc tr li s c tp hp li v in ra
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Phng
Phng
Phng
Phng
Phng
v.v...
php
php
php
php
php
kinh nghim;
ton hc;
th nghim tht bi;
cy quyt nh;
cy mc tiu v nhim v;
ng c tm mt cu hi ng;
ng mt kh nng hi tng;
ng qu quan trng vn ;
Bc 1: Xc nh vn
xc nh c vn ng n chng ta cn cn c vo cc tn hiu
cnh bo. Nhng tn hiu cnh bo thng l:
S ph phn t bn ngoi..
Bc 2: Xem xt cc yu t nh
hng n quyt nh
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1- Thng tin
2- Trit l kinh doanh v chin lc cng ty
3- Kin thc
4- Kh nng t duy
5- ng c ra quyt nh
6- Phm cht nh kinh doanh
7- o c
8- thc trch nhim
9- Sc khe
10-Kinh nghim
11-Kh nng nh lng
BI S 4 :HOCH NH
MC TIU NGHIN CU
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2/ Cc bin
php
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4/ Vic thc
hin
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Huy ng, khai thc v tp trung s dng nhng th mnh chin lc trong
t chc;
Xy dng cc k hoch , chng trnh di hn, hoc mang tnh quan trng
v quyt nh lm nn tng trin khai cc hot ng thng xuyn lu
di mt t chc;
Vch k hoch v t chc thc hin cc loi chin lc v sch lc nh
chin lc kinh doanh, u t, marketing, nhn s v.v.;
Mc tiu
Ni dung
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Tm hieu
va nhan
thc van
e (1)
Thiet lap
cac
muc tieu
(2)
Xem xet
nhng tien
e va c
s khach
quan (3)
Xac nh
cac phng
an co kha
nang thc
hien (4)
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Phn
Phn
Phn
Phn
Phn
Phn
Phn
chia
chia
chia
chia
chia
chia
chia
theo
theo
theo
theo
theo
theo
theo
tm hn qun tr
thi gian
chc nng
lnh th
sn phm
khch hng
quy trnh hay thit b
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u im:
+ C cu ny c s gip sc ca cc chuyn gia hng u.
+ Khng i hi ngi qun tr phi c kin thc ton din.
+ D o to v d tm nh qun tr.
Nhc im:
+ Vi phm ch mt th trng.
+ Ch trch nhim khng r rng.
+ S phi hp gia lnh o v cc phng ban chc nng v gia
cc phng ban chc nng gp nhiu kh khn.
+ Kh xc nh trch nhim v hay trch nhim cho nhau.
c) C cu t chc qun tr trc tuyn-chc nng
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24
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j. La chn phng n ti u;
k. T chc thc hin v iu chnh cng vic cho ph hp vi
hon cnh thc tin;
l. T chc rt kinh nghim v hon thin cng tc thit k v
t chc thc hin cng vic.
4.2. T chc cn b
Ni dung ca cng tc t chc cn b
Tnh ton v d bo nhu cu v cn b qun tr;
Hoch nh v tuyn chn cn b;
o to, hun luyn cc nh qun tr;
La chn, bt v s dng cc nh qun tr;
nh gi cn b qun tr;
Cc cng vic khc c lin quan n cn b qun tr.
4.3. Vn ha t chc
Nhng hnh thc ca vn ha t chc c bn l:
Biu tng (ca cc gi tr, mc tiu, nhn vt anh hng);
Ngn ng (ting lng, khu hiu, hi hc);
Cu chuyn (truyn thuyt, huyn thoi);
Thc hnh (nghi l, l lc, v cc hot ng mang tnh vn ha
khc).
5. Y QUYN TRONG QUN TR
Khi nim
y quyn (delegation) l giao ph quyn hn v trch nhim cho
ngi khc h thay quyn thc hin mt nhim v ring bit.
Quy trnh y quyn
Xc nh kt qu mong mun.
Chn ngi v giao nhim v;
Giao quyn hn thc hin cc nhim v ;
Yu cu ngi c y quyn phi chu trch nhim.
Nguyn tc y quyn
1.y quyn cho cp di trc tip
2.S y quyn khng lm mt i hay thu nh trch nhim ca ngi
c y quyn;
3.Quyn li, ngha v trch nhim ca ngi y quyn v ngi c y
quyn phi bo m v gn b vi nhau;
4.Ni dung, ranh gii ca nhim v c y quyn phi xc nh r rng;
5.y quyn phi t gic khng p t;
6.Ngi c y quyn phi c y thng tin trc khi bt tay vo
vic;
7.Lun lun phi c s kim tra trong qu trnh thc hin s y quyn.
BI S 6: LNH O
NI DUNG NGHIN CU
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27
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29
S v s phn
cp nhu cu ca
Maslow
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31
32
33
34
35
BI S 7 :KIM TRA
NI DUNG NGHIN CU
1.
2.
3.
4.
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1/
2/
3/
4/
5/
Nhm
Nhm
Nhm
Nhm
Nhm
yu
yu
yu
yu
yu
t
t
t
t
t
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