S GIO DC V O TO

KHNH HA
CHNH THC

K THI TUYN SINH LP 10 NM HC 2009-2010

Mn : VT L chuyn
Ngy thi : 20/6/2009
Thi gian lm bi : 150 pht (khng k thi gian giao )

thi c 1 trang
Bi 1 : (1,50 im)
Nc my c nhit 22oC. Mun c 20 lt nc m nhit 35oC tm cho con, mt ch
c 4 lt nc nng nhit 99oC pha vi nc my. Hi :
a) Lng nc nng c khng ? Tha, thiu bao nhiu ?
b) Nu dng ht c 4 lt nc nng trn ( 99oC), th c bao nhiu lt nc m ?
(B qua mi mt mt nhit, cho rng 1 lt nc c khi lng l 1kg cc nhit trn).
Bi 2 : (2,00 im)
Cho mch in nh hnh 1, trong R = 20 v hiu
in th U gia hai im M v N c gi tr khng i.
B qua in tr ca kha K v cc dy ni, vn k c
in tr rt ln.
Khi kha K ng, vn k ch 15 V. Khi kha K m, vn
k ch 7 V.
Tnh R v U.

M+

NK

R
Q

4R

Hnh 1
Bi 3 : (2,50 im)
Cho mch in nh hnh 2, 1 v 4 l hai bng
I1
E
n loi 6V- 9W, 2 v 3 l hai bng n loi
X
X
6V- 4W. Ampe k A, ngt in K v cc dy ni
1
2
c in tr khng ng k. Ni vo 2 im M, N
A
mt hiu in th U = 12V. Xt hai trng hp :
+M
Na) Kho K ng.
K
b) Kha K m.
4
3
Hi cc bng n c sng bnh thng khng ?
X
X
Bng no sng hn, bng no ti hn bnh thng ?
F
I2
Hnh 2
Ti sao ?
(cho rng cc n khng b chy hng khi qu hiu in th hai u n)
c) Xc nh s ch ca ampe k v chiu dng in qua ampe k khi kha K ng.
Bi 4 : (2,00 im)
Mt ngi gi phi eo st mt mt thu knh hi t c tiu c 25 cm th mi nhn r vt gn nht
cch mt 20 cm. Hi khi khng eo knh th ngi y nhn r vt gn nht cch mt bao nhiu ?
V hnh.
Bi 5 : (2,00 im)
Cho mch in nh hnh 3, trong U = 36V,
r
+U r = 1,5 ; in tr ton phn ca bin tr
R = 10 . in tr R1 = 6 , R2 = 1,5 .
Xc nh v tr con chy C trn bin tr :
R2 A
R B
a) Cng sut tiu th trn in tr R1 l 6 W.
N
b) Cng sut tiu th trn in tr R2 l 6 W.
C
R1
c) Cng sut tiu th trn in tr R2 l nh
nht. Tnh cng sut .
-------Ht ------Gim th khng gii thch g thm
SBD :................./Phng :..........
Ch k GT 1 :...........................
Ch k GT 2 :...........................

Hnh 3

HNG DN CHM MN VT L VO LP 10 THPT CHUYN L QU N KHNH HA

Nm hc 2009 - 2010
Bi 1 : 1,50 im
a) 0,75 im
20 lt nc c khi lng l 20 kg, M = 20 kg
Gi m l lng nc nng 99oC, cn pha vi (M - m) nc
22oC th phng trnh trao i nhit l :
(M - m) (35 - 22) = m(99 - 35)
(M - m). 13 = m. 64
13M = 64m + 13m = 77m
13M 13.20
do : m =

3,376 3,38 kg
77
77
Vy : nc nng tha l 4 - 3,38 = 0,62 lt nc nng.
b) 0,75 im
T phng trnh trn vi m = 4 kg, ta li suy ra :
77m 77.4
M=
=
23,69 kg
13
13
M 23,7 kg 24 kg
Vy nu dng ht c 4 lt nc nng th c gn 24 lt nc m.

(0,25 )

(0,25 )
(0,25 )

(0,50 )
(0,25 )

Bi 2 : 2,00 im
Khi K ng, R v 4R mc song song, in tr on PN l :
R.4 R
4R
RPN =

0,8 R
R 4R
5
U
R'
Vn k lc ch U1 , ta c : 1
U
R' RPN
R'
( R'0,8 R)
== > U1 =
==>
U = 15
U 15
R'
R'0,8 R
Khi K m, on mch PN ch cha in tr 4R v s ch ca vn k l :
R'
( R'4 R)
U2 =
U 7
==>
U= 7
R'4 R
R'
Hay : 15(R+ 0,8R) = 7(R+ 4R) ==>
5R + 12R = 7R+ 28R
8R = 16R
==>
R = 2R = 2.20 = 40
( R'4 R)
(40 4.20) 7(120)
V U = 7
=7

21V .
R'
40
40
Bi 3 : 2,50 im
a) 0,75 im
in tr ca n 1, 4 l
U 2 62

R1 R4
P
9
=4
in tr ca n 2, 3 l
62
R2 = R3 =
= 9
4

I1

X
1

+M
3
X
I2

(0,50 )

(0,50 )
(0,25 )
(0,25 )
(0,25 )

X
2

NK

(0,25 )

4
X

(0,25 )

* Khi K ng:
36
4.9
=
2,7( )
4 9 13
12
UME = UEN =
= 6(V)
2

RMEF = RNEF =

(0,25 )

Vy cc n u sng bnh thng (n c cng sut ln s sng

hn : n 1, 4 sng hn n 2, 3).

(0,25 )

b) 1,00 im
* Khi K m
12
12
=
(A)
4 9 13
12
48
x4=
= 3,69 (V) < 6(V)
U1 =
13
13
Vy n 1 sng km hn bnh thng.
12
108
U2 =
x9=
= 8,3 (V) > 6(V)
13
13
n 2 sng hn bnh thng.
12
Tng t n 4 :
U4 =
.4 3,69V < 6V
13
4 sng km hn bnh thng.
12
n 3 :
U3 = .9 8,3V > 6V
13
n 3 sng hn bnh thng.
c) 0,75 im
P
9
Dng in qua 1 l I1 =
= = 1,5 (A)
U
6
4
0,7 (A)
dng in qua n 2 l I2 =
6
Vy Ia = I1 I2 = 1,5 - 0,7 = 0,8 (A)
C chiu t E n F.

I2 = I1 =

(0,25 )

(0,25 )

(0,25 )

(0,25 )

(0,25 )
(0,25 )
(0,25 )

Bi 4 : 2,00 im
B

B
F
A

I
F

AO

Tam gic OAB ng dng vi tg OA'B' :

A' B' OA'

(1)
AB
OA
Tam gic F'OI ng dng vi tg F'A'B' :
A' B' A' F '
A' B' OA'OF '

m AB = OI v AF = OA+OF ==>

(2)
OI
OF '
AB
OF '
(1) v (2) cho ta :
OA' OA'OF '

OA
OF '
OA' OA'25
Th s vo biu thc trn, ta c :

20
25
==> 5.OA = 4.OA +100 ==> OA = 100 cm
Vy nh o AB cch mt 100 cm ==> im cc cn cch mt 100 cm.

(1,00 )

(0,25 )

(0,25 )

(0,25 )
(0,25 )

Bi 5 : 2,00 im
a) 0,75
cng sut tiu th trn in tr R1 l 6 W th hiu in th UNC phi bng
UNC = P1 R1 6.6 6 V
Hiu in th ph thuc v tr con chy C. Gi x l in tr phn AC ca
bin tr, ta c :
( R x).R1 (1,5 x)6 9 6 x
RNC = 2

R1 R2 x 6 1,5 x 7,5 x
9 6x
Suy ra in tr ton mch Rtm = RNC + RCB + r =
10 x 1,5
7,5 x

95,25 10 x x 2
=
7,5 x
9 6x
U
36
Hiu in th hai u in tr R1 bng UNC =
.
R NC
2
Rtm
95,25 10 x x 7,5 x
7,5 x
36(9 6 x)
UNC =
V UNC = 6 V nn ta c phng trnh
95,25 10 x x 2
(1)
x 2 26 x 41,25 0
2
2
' 13 41,25 169 41,25 210,25 14,5
x = 1,5
Vy in tr R1 c cng sut tiu th bng 6 W th in tr RAC = 1,5

(0,25 )

(0,25 )

(0,25 )

b) 0,75
cng sut tiu th trn in tr R2 l 6 W th :
UNA = P2 R2 = 6.1,5 = 9 3V
U NC
36(9 6 x)1,5
m UNA =
.R2
R2 x
(95,25 10 x x 2 )(1,5 x)
324
=
(2)
(0,25 )
95,25 10 x x 2
Cho UNA = 3 V, ta c phng trnh x 2 10 x 12,75 0
(3)
(0,25 )
Suy ra x1 = 1,5 v x2 = 8,5
Vy vi con chy sao cho RAC = 1,5 hoc RAC = 8,5 th cng sut tiu th trn
R2 l 6 W.
(0,25 )
c) 0,50
cng sut tiu th trn R2 cc tiu th mu s ca UNA trong
(4)
biu thc (2) phi ln nht. Lng bin thin 10 x - x2 = x(10-x) 0
v 0 x 10 do lng ny phi ln nht.
Tng ca hai tha s ca bt ng thc (4) bng 10, l mt s khng i nn p dng bt ng
thc Csi, ta c x = 5
(0,25 )
Vy khi con chy C chnh gia bin tr th cng sut tiu th ca R2 cc tiu .
324
Khi UNA min =
2,6944V
95,25 50 25
2
U NA
2,69 2 7,2361
min
Do cng sut P2min =

4,824 4,83 W.
R2
1,5
1,5
---------------Ghi ch : im ca ton bi khng lm trn s.

(0,25 )