API 570 Close Book Mockup Exam Final PDF

API 570 Authorized Piping Inspector Preparatory Program
* Close Book Mockup Examination *

1.
Which of the marking on a flange is not mandatory

1.
2.
3.
4.
2.
For a P11 material piping under repair, what sort of heat treatment is
required?
1.
2.
3.
4.
3.
Preheat to 300F and weld

Follow the construction code recommendation
Preheat to 175F
Preheat to 175C
Who is ultimately responsible for repair, re-rating and alteration of a pipe

system?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Preheat it to 300F before start the welding

Local post weld heat treatment is required
Follow the construction Code.
Local post weld heat treatment with 200F
For a 16mm thick 30 pipe repair work what is the correct heat treatment
1.
2.
3.
4.
4.
Name of the manufacturer

rating
Temperature
Ring number
The inspector
The piping engineer
The owner/user
The Fabricator
The longitudinal bend test of a procedure qualification test piece is to be

made
1.
2.
3.
4.
The weld should be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bend and
the root should be in the convex
The weld should be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the
bend and the root should be in the convex
The weld should be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bend and
the root should be in the concave
The weld should be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the
bend and the root should be in the concave
(API-570-Mockup-CB) 2/18
6.
A radiograph taken on a weld without a written procedure

1.
2.
3.
4.
7.
The material used on a weld repair shall be of

1.
2.
3.
4.
8.
< NPS 2
< NPS 3
< NPS 2 1/2
> NPS 2
A wire pentameter is used on a RT. Where it is placed on the job

1.
2.
3.
4.
11.
A wider support with additional restrainer

Consult piping engineer before advise any recommendation
Carry out a stress analysis
Correct the support with a bigger base material
Socket weld is not preferred for

1.
2.
3.
4.
10.
Same as that of the original material

API should approve the material
It is of known weldable quality
A piping engineer shall be consulted
A pipe support moved outs of its base and is hanging what is your
assessment as an inspector
1.
2.
3.
4.
9.
It is to be rejected
It acceptable provided it meets the density and sensitivity
limitations of ASME Sec.V Article.II
It is depends on the project spec
A Level-III shall be consulted
The wires should be parallel to the weld

The wires should be perpendicular to the weld
It may be parallel or perpendicular
As per the written statement from a ASNT Level-III
A lead letter B of height and 1/16 thickness was used on a

radiographic set up what is the purpose of it.
1.
2.
3.
4.
To monitor the penetration ability of the X-ray beam

To check the density of the film
To find the back scatter on the film
To find the quality of the film
12.
Which of the B image on a radiographic film is not acceptable

1.
2.
3.
4.
13.
Which one below is not a contributing factor for brittle fracture?

1.
2.
3.
4.
14.
51.4 mm
53.98 mm
53.00 mm
54.98 mm
A flange material of A182 Gr.F1 of what class will be required for

operating pressure of 1000 psi @ 400F
1.
2.
3.
4.
17.
The continuous magnetic method

The maximum prod spacing of 4
The powder used shall be approved by API
The technique used shall be approved by API
The bolt hole size of a weld neck flange 12 dia 1500#

1.
2.
3.
4.
16.
Low impact strength of material

High thickness
Large tensile residual stess
Performing warm pre stress hydrotest before low temperature
hydrotest
The MPI procedure should describe about which of the following?

1.
2.
3.
4.
15.
A black image
A white image
A dark image
A gray image
600 #
900#
300 #
400 #
What would be the maximum operating pressure of a flange A182 Gr.F2

400# at 500F
1.
2.
3.
4.
590 psi
570 psi
516 psi
885 psi
18.
As soon as the completion of the inspection activities on a piping system

what the inspector should do
1.
2.
3.
4.
19.
Out of long and short-term corrosion rate which one will be used for
MAWP calculation
1.
2.
3.
4.
20.
12 or 3 OD whichever is greater
10 OD of the pipe
6 OD of the pipe
3 OD of the pipe
What are the minimum marking shall be made of a buried piping leak
temporarily clamped area
1.
2.
3.
4.
23.
API publ.2201
API RP 574
API RP 578
ASME Sec. VIII Division-1
What is the up-stream limit of an injection point for regular inspection

1.
2.
3.
4.
22.
The corrosion rate which leads to longest remaining life

The corrosion rate which leads to shortest remaining life
The corrosion rate which leads to reflects the current process
Consider the lowest corrosion rate
While doing welding repair on a system in service the inspector should

access the system in accordance to
1.
2.
3.
4.
21.
Review the records and adjust the inspection frequency

Review the records and find the corrosion rate
Issue the recommendations and findings
Consider the average corrosion rate
ID number & depth of the pipe

Date of installation
ID number, date of clamp installation
Depth of pipe and Date of clamp installation
The soil closed potential survey is being carried out for a non-cathodically
protected system is
1.
2.
3.
4.
Once in 5 years
Once in 3 years
Half of the remaining life
Once in 6 months
24.
A buried piping with sleeve is excavated for inspection,

1.
2.
3.
4.
25.
If a concrete interface of a piping system shows coating deterioration

1.
2.
3.
4.
26.
Excavate the interface area and carry out through inspection

Carry out cathodic protection inspection
Check the records and carry out thickness
The area shall be continuously monitored
Which of the valve in a piping system is not suitable for pigging

1.
2.
3.
4.
27.
Check thickness of the sleeve

Check water or soil between sleeve and pipe
Check the cathodic protection on the system
Carry out closed potential survey
Gate valve
Ball valve
Globe valve
Slide valve
While doing vessel inspection a misalignment is being observed

1.
2.
3.
4.
Check the foundation

Check the connected piping system
Check all the pipe work in the region
Check the nozzle
28. Thermal fatigue is more pronounced when temperature swing exceeds

1.
2.
3.
4.
29.
A plate material is used for which of the fitting

1.
2.
3.
4.
30.
2000F
2000C
930F
3000F
Valve
elbows
flanges
Blind flanges
Which of the test method is not a material identification test method

1.
2.
3.
4.
Portable X-ray fluorescence method

Optical emission spectrometry method
ultrasonic testing method
Chemical spot test method
31.
Which type of the PMI is used in the field

1.
2.
3.
4.
32.
What type of inspection is not normally done on a piping system

1.
2.
3.
4.
33.
Internal visual inspection

Boroscope inspection
Renew the spool
Mark the section and replace
Localized loss in thickness exhibiting directional pattern can occur due to

1.
2.
3.
4.
36.
30 dia pipe
bolts
2 dia cooling water line
Small bore fitting
A 20 dia pipe has internal leakage near the flange to pipe weld. During
shut down what sort of inspection will be planned for this
1.
2.
3.
4.
35..
visual
radiographic
internal visual
ultrasonic
Which of the material is least susceptible to mix up

1.
2.
3.
4.
34.
X-ray fluorescence method

Eqotip hardness tester
Eddy current
Chemical spot
atmospheric corrosion
microbiologically induced corrosion
erosion - corrosion
sulphidation
To detect interior surface breaking planar flaws the owner/user should

specify
1.
2.
3.
4.
Approved inspector
Industry qualified UT inspector
API qualified inspector
Any examiner qualified to carry out NDT
37.
Out of the patch mentioned which one is not allowed on a 12 piping

repair
1.
2.
3.
4.
38.
Out of the repair carried out in the piping system which one is considered
to be a permanent one
1.
2.
3.
4.
39.
0 % of the suspected insulation

Which one is considered to be a Class-3 piping system

1.
2.
3.
4.
42.
Temperature above 125C

Temperature between 125C to 250C
Temperature between 65C to 205C
Temperature below -4C
What percentage of suspected insulation on a stainless steel Class-3

piping operating at 300F should be removed for inspection
1.
2.
3.
4.
41.
Grind and remove the defect and build up the area

Split clamp bolted
Split sleeve full welded
Any clamp approved by piping engineer
A carbon steel piping at what operating temperature is successitible to

CUI
1.
2.
3.
4.
40.
8 dia circular patch

6 dia circular patch
6 X 6 patch with 1 round corner
Box type patch
Product is pumped to remote location for loading and storing

Highly corrosive acid in the plant
Any corrosive chemical
System carrying naphtha without hydrogen sulfide
A piping system has been rerated to a lower operating temperature, to

validate the rerate
1.
2.
3.
4.
If the lower temperature requirement as per code is met

Carry out notch toughness to establish its usability
API should be contacted
Any one who is knowledgeable to be contacted
43.
As soon as a hydro test is over what should be done

1.
2.
3.
4.
44.
What is the minimum hydrotest holding time

1.
2.
3.
4.
45.
2 to 2.5
2
1.5 to 4.0
1.5 to 3.0
Which combination of electrode is preferred for welding a full encirclement

sleeve at low ambient temperature
1.
2.
3.
4.
48.
It is not acceptable
Check for leak along the pipe work
The test is acceptable
To be consulted with a inspector
The pressure gauge used on a sensitive leak test shall be of range.wrt

test pressure
1.
2.
3.
4.
47.
10 minutes
3 minutes
30 minutes
1 hour
When a buried piping with a design pressure of 100 psi is under leak test
at 125 psi. The initial 4 hrs. of testing shows a slight pressure drop and
has been adjusted. The second 4 hrs recorded a drop in pressure
of 5 psi, the test
1.
2.
3.
4.
46.
Dry the system

Activate the relief valve system to the pre testing set up
Add chemical to dry it
Purge the system
E XX16 & EXX18

E XX10 & EXX16
E XX10 & EXX18
E XX12 & EXX18
A new branch is welded over an existing piping system it should meet
1.
2.
3.
4.
Construction code requirements

The owner requirement
The fabricator requirement
Contact the designer or consultant
49.
A radiographic testing for the welder qualification is not allowed for which
process
1.
2.
3.
4.
50.
GMAW globular transformation

GMAW short circuiting
GMAW
SMAW
What is the purpose of Welding procedure specification

1.
2.
3.
4.
51.
To have a data in the hand

To be followed by inspector
To give welder enough confidence
To have a known quality of weld metal produced
Which of the following statement is correct?

1.
Soil resistivity is a measure of resistance offered by soil

to drilling operation for oil exploration and it has no
connection with corrosivity of soil.
Lower soil resistivity indicates less corrosive soil.
Soil resistivity has nothing to do with corrosiveness of
soil because soil corrosion depends on the amount of
corrosive chemicals present in the soil.
Higher soil resistivity indicates less corrosive soil.
2.
3.
d.
52.
The __________ shall be responsible to the owner-user for determining

that the requirements of API 570 for inspection, examination, and testing
are met.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Piping Engineer
Inspector
Repair Organisation
Operating Personnel
53.
Which of the following are some of the mandatory requirements for rerating a piping system?
1.
2.
3.
4.
54.
After completion of alterations a pressure test is/will:

1.
2.
3.
4.
55.
Elbows
Expansion loops
Tees
Valves
Pressure decay method is:

1.
2.
3.
4.
57.
Normally required
Not required at all
Depend on opinion of piping inspector
Only 1 and 3 above
Name a part of a piping system that thickness measurements are not

normally routinely taken:
1.
2.
3.
4.
56.
Calculations must be performed by the piping engineer or the

inspector.
Current inspection records shall be reviewed to verify that the
piping system is satisfactory for the proposed service conditions
and that the appropriate corrosion allowance has been provided.
The piping system is checked to affirm that the required pressure
relieving devices are present, are set at the appropriate pressure
and have the appropriate capacity at the set pressure.
All of the above
A technique adopted for checking the leakage in above

ground piping
A technique used for checking leakage in underground
piping
A technique used for calibration of pressure gauges
A technique used for releasing the overpressure in piping
Which of the following are areas on piping systems which are susceptible
to CUI during the range of 25F to 250F:
1.
2.
3.
4.
All the area which is below insulation

Insulated areas below steam vents
Insulated piping exposed to cooling tower mist
2 and 3 above
58.
Listed below are several examples of piping system. Which is class I

piping for flammable fluids?
1.
2.
3.
4.
59.
Readily vaporizing on leakage

Slowly vaporizing on leakage
No significant vaporization
All of above
Which of the following documents referenced in API 570 addresses hot

tapping?
1.
2.
3.
4.
API 2201
API 574
ASME B 31 G
None of the above
60.
The preferred method for inspecting piping coating is:

1.
Visual inspection only
2.
Holiday detection
3.
M.P. Check
4.
D.P. Check
61.
For which of the following, the approval from piping engineer is not
mandatory:
1.
2.
3.
4.
62.
Changing the damaged flange to a new flange of same rating and

material
Alteration on piping changing a nozzle size from one not requiring
reinforcement pad to the one requiring reinforcement pad
For both 1 and 2
For none of the above
Fillet welded patches (lap patches) shall be designed by:

1.
2.
3.
4.
An engineer expert in corrosion

The inspector
The piping engineer
The repair organization
63.
For a project involving piping welding at site by 10 welders, (with only

one qualified welder) procedure and 9 welders were to be qualified. In this
case, identify correct statement from the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
64.
Guided bend test represents:

1.
2.
3.
4.
65.
Pipe positions 1G and 5G

Pipe positions 2G and 5G
Pipe position 5G and 3G
None of the above
According to ASME Sec. IX, a welder for SMAW can be qualified by

following minimum tests:
1.
2.
3.
4.
67.
Ductility of weld
Strength of weld
Soundness of weld
Both soundness and ductility of weld
All positions of groove welds are qualified by

1.
2.
3.
4.
66.
9 welders qualification must be performed before

procedure qualification.
9 welders qualification must be performed after
procedure qualification is carried out
Out of Welder qualification and procedure qualification,
anything can be performed before.
Welder qualification and procedure qualification must
be performed simultaneously, without waiting for the
test results.
1 tensile and 2 bend tests

2 bend tests
2 tensile tests and 1 bend tests
1 tensile and 1 radiography
Identify incorrect statement from following

1.
2.
3.
4.
A welder performing procedure test is also qualified in that

position.
Supplementary essential variables become essential
variables when impact test is specified.
For procedure qualification, the test can be performed in any
position as the position is not essential variable for procedure
qualification.
A 3G welder qualified in SMAW process can be employed for TIG
welding also in that position.
(API-570-Mockup-CB)13/18
68.
Procedure Qualification Record is a document which can be revised time

to time.
1.
2.
3.
4.
69.
Use of Radiography is made for:

1.
2.
3.
4.
70.
1 times
2 times
3 times
4 times
A radiographic technique in which radiation passed through two walls and

both the walls are viewed on the same radiograph (double wall, double
image ellipse) the limitation for the outside diameter is:
1.
2.
3.
4.
72.
Performance qualification only

Procedure qualification only
Both 1 and 2
Use of radiography is not permitted by ASME Sec. IX.
When dial-type indicating and recording pressure gauges are used to

monitor leak testing, the maximum gauge range shall not exceed which
multiple of the expected test pressure?
1.
2.
3.
4.
71.
True
False
Depends on company policy
Depends on client of the company
3-1/2
2
4
Any diameter possible
Following data is available to compute remaining life of a piping circuit:

Minimum required thickness = 0.422 in
Actual thickness measured = 0.512 in
Corrosion rate = 0.018 in / year
Remaining life for this circuit will be:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.0 years
4.5 years
6.0 years
None of above
73. Common locations which are susceptible to CUI on the insulated piping
are:
1.
2.
3.
4.
74.
The accuracy of a piece of magnetizing equipment that is equipped with

an ammeter shall be verified:
1.
2.
3.
4.
75.
4.
Water-washable visible dye.

Solvent removable visible dye.
Water-washable fluorescent dye.
Post-emulsification visible dye.
As soon as possible after completing an inspection, the Inspector should:

1.
2.
3.
4.
78.
If the welder is able to deposit sound weld metal.

If the welder is able to operate welding equipment.
The welder's ability to produce welds that are
radiographically free of defects.
If a weldment has the required properties for the
intended application (strength, ductility)
Which of the following penetrant system is generally considered least

sensitive?
1.
2.
3.
4.
77.
Each year
Each two years
When possible
Every 6 months
The WPS and the PQR are used to determine:

1.
2.
3.
76.
All penetrations or breaches in the insulation jacketing

such as vents, drains, piping hangers
Termination of insulation at flanges
All insulated bends and elbows
1 and 2 above
Review the inspection records and schedule the next

inspection
Always require a hydrotest
Sign all RT records
Notify the Piping Engineer
The nondestructive examination method to be used for a particular

inspection should be determined by the:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Availability of certified NDE examiners.

Length of time since the last inspection.
Age of the component to be inspected.
Type, location, and orientation of the expected
flaws.
79.
To verify satisfactory PWHT the test conducted is:

1.
2.
3.
4.
80.
In visual testing for qualifying the procedure, a defect of which minimum

width shall be used:
1.
2.
3.
4.
81.
Every six months

Every one year
Every three years
None of the above
It is decided to carryout a surface NDT for austenitic S.S. pipe welds.

Choose the best combination.
1.
2.
3.
4.
84.
Annually
Six monthly
Once in 3 years
None of the above
The pressure gauges for leak testing shall be calibrated as an ASME Sec.
V requirement, at least:
1.
2.
3.
4.
83.
1/16
1/8
1/32
None of the above
Visual examiner should pass Jaeger J-1 check:

1.
2.
3.
4.
82.
Radiography
Ultrasonic
Hardness survey
None of above
Penetrant testing with Halogen free chemicals

Penetrant testing with any aqueous developer
Magnetic particle testing with wet particles
Magnetic particle testing with dry particles
In ultrasonic testing, for thickness measurement on corroded surface,

use:
1.
2.
3.
4.
CRT read out

Digital read out
Any of above
None of above.
85.
An example of service-specific corrosion is:

1.
2.
3.
4.
86.
When a pressure test is not necessary or practical, what shall be utilised

in lieu of a pressure test?
1.
2.
3.
4.
87.
2G
5G
3G
1G
API 578 gives rules for Alloy Verification for:

1.
2.
3.
4.
90.
Sub-surface cracks
Surface cracks
Both 1 and 2
For none of 1 and 2
The pipe welding test position in which the pipe is horizontal and rotated
so that welding takes place at or near the top is designated as?
1.
2.
3.
4.
89.
PMI Testing
Non-destructive examination
Vacuum visual examination
Hammer Testing
For which of the following can yoke technique be used?

1.
2.
3.
4.
88.
Corrosion under insulation in areas exposed to steam vents

Unanticipated acid or caustic carryover from processes into nonalloyed piping
Corrosion in deadlegs
Corrosion of underground piping at soil-to-air interface
Carbon steel piping material for old or new piping

Alloy steel piping materials, for old or new piping
Carbon steel materials used for old piping only
Alloy steels used for old piping only
For thickness measurement of pipes NPS 1 and smaller, NDT technique

employed would be:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Ultrasonic technique
Radiographic profile technique
Anyone is okay.
None are okay.
91.
API 578 requires at least _________ electrodes to be PMI tested from

each box.
1.
2.
3.
4.
92.
one
two
minimum 10%
all
Which of the following make pipe system most susceptible to CUI?

1.
2.
3.
4.
Painted pipes operating at 150 F

Insulated pipes operating at 150 F
Projections, penetrations in a
Projections, penetrations in b
93.
Freeze damage can occur in case of which of the following fluids:

1.
Water only
2.
Oil only
3.
Water and aqueous solutions
4.
None of the above
94.
For calculating MAWP of Piping Circuit which is put in service the wall
thickness used in computations is:
1.
2.
3.
4.
95.
When checking austentic materials for cracks using PT methods only

liquid penetrants:
1.
2.
3.
4.
96.
Actual thickness as determined by inspection.

Actual thickness minus the estimated corrosion loss
before the date of next inspection
Actual thickness minus twice the estimated corrosion
loss before the date of next inspection
None of the above
with low or no nitrides should be used

with low or no carbides should be used
with high or medium chlorides should be used
with low or no chlorides should be used
As per API 570 for bolted flanged joints, bolts and nuts are considered as
acceptably engaged if the lack of complete engagement is:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Not more than two threads

Not more than one thread
Bolts and nuts are engaged at least 50% of threads in
the nuts
Bolts shall completely extend through nuts
97.
Basic construction code referred in API 570 is:

1.
2.
3.
4.
98.
For a typical injection point pipe circuit starts upstream of injection point
from a distance of
1.
2.
3.
4.
99.
3 times pipe diameter or 12 inches which ever is

greater
2 times pipe diameter or 12 inches which ever is
greater
Fixed 12 inches irrespective of pipe diameter
3 times pipe diameter or 12 inches whichever is
smaller
For MT examination by Prod technique the spacing between prods shall

be between:
1.
2.
3.
4.
100.
ASME Sec. VIII, Div. 1

ASME Sec. IX
ASME B 31.1
ASME B 31.3
4 inches to 12 inches
API 570 can be applied for:

1.
2.
3.
4.
New and in-service carbon steel piping

Only in service piping
New and in-service alloy piping
Only for in-service alloy piping
-0-0-0-0-0-
API 570 Authorized Piping Inspector Preparatory Program

* API 570 - Close Mockup *
MASTER
Q
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
A
3
3check
2check
3
1
2
3
1
4
2
3
2
Check
1
2
1
4check
1
3
1
1
3
1
2
1check
Q
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
A
3
1
Check
New
4
3
1
3
1
1
Check
New
2
1
1
3
2
1
2
2
1
3
3
1
1
2
4
-0-0-0-0-0-
Q
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
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71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
Q
A
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
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100.

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API 570 Authorized Piping Inspector Preparatory Program

* Close Book Mockup Examination *

Which of the marking on a flange is not mandatory

Preheat to 300F and weld

Who is ultimately responsible for repair, re-rating and alteration of a pipe

Preheat it to 300F before start the welding

Name of the manufacturer

The longitudinal bend test of a procedure qualification test piece is to be

A radiograph taken on a weld without a written procedure

The material used on a weld repair shall be of

A wire pentameter is used on a RT. Where it is placed on the job

A wider support with additional restrainer

Socket weld is not preferred for

Same as that of the original material

The wires should be parallel to the weld

A lead letter B of height and 1/16 thickness was used on a

To monitor the penetration ability of the X-ray beam

Which of the B image on a radiographic film is not acceptable

Which one below is not a contributing factor for brittle fracture?

A flange material of A182 Gr.F1 of what class will be required for

The continuous magnetic method

The bolt hole size of a weld neck flange 12 dia 1500#

Low impact strength of material

The MPI procedure should describe about which of the following?

What would be the maximum operating pressure of a flange A182 Gr.F2

As soon as the completion of the inspection activities on a piping system

What is the up-stream limit of an injection point for regular inspection

The corrosion rate which leads to longest remaining life

While doing welding repair on a system in service the inspector should

Review the records and adjust the inspection frequency

ID number & depth of the pipe

A buried piping with sleeve is excavated for inspection,

If a concrete interface of a piping system shows coating deterioration

Excavate the interface area and carry out through inspection

Which of the valve in a piping system is not suitable for pigging

Check thickness of the sleeve

While doing vessel inspection a misalignment is being observed

Check the foundation

28. Thermal fatigue is more pronounced when temperature swing exceeds

A plate material is used for which of the fitting

Which of the test method is not a material identification test method

Portable X-ray fluorescence method

Which type of the PMI is used in the field

What type of inspection is not normally done on a piping system

Internal visual inspection

Localized loss in thickness exhibiting directional pattern can occur due to

Which of the material is least susceptible to mix up

X-ray fluorescence method

To detect interior surface breaking planar flaws the owner/user should

Out of the patch mentioned which one is not allowed on a 12 piping

0 % of the suspected insulation

Which one is considered to be a Class-3 piping system

Temperature above 125C

What percentage of suspected insulation on a stainless steel Class-3

Grind and remove the defect and build up the area

A carbon steel piping at what operating temperature is successitible to

8 dia circular patch

Product is pumped to remote location for loading and storing

A piping system has been rerated to a lower operating temperature, to

If the lower temperature requirement as per code is met

As soon as a hydro test is over what should be done

What is the minimum hydrotest holding time

Which combination of electrode is preferred for welding a full encirclement