68037 Physical Modelling | Project Report

Product Testing Consultant Report

Consultant Team: Callen Meir

Product: Kettle
Date: 6/04/2016
Prac Number: 2
Testing Objective

Testing objective is to analyse a range of physical properties of selected electric

water kettles to provide independent assessment and a recommendation to uses
as well as manufactures. The parameters being tested as being the most
influential are, the power consumption over the period of time taken to calculate
the joules of energy used, the safety circumstances when looking at the heat
absorption of the electric kettle housing and also looking at the waters
temperature change produced by each kettle.

Testing Procedure
**all tests are to be conducted using 1 litre of water inside each
kettle**
Power test
The aim of this test is to measure the amount of power consumed
by each item, whilst also recording the time taken for each complete
operation.
1. Place a power meter into a power source.
2. Connect the first kettle to the power meter
3. Turn the kettle on to begin the process, record the highest
and lowest power values into a table along side the time
taken.
4. Repeat with the second electric kettle
Surface temperature
The aim of this test is to record the amount of heat absorbed by the
kettle housing.
1. Connect a surface temperature thermometer to a data
logger to record results
2. Start the boiling the kettle
3. As the process begins just make observations as to the
temperature changes, when it starts to change and how
rapidly.
4. Once it has finished boiling, take temperature readings at
the front, rear, sides, bottom and top.
5. Average out all results and repeat 5 times
6. Repeat with the other kettle
Change in temperature
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68037 Physical Modelling | Project Report

The objective of this test is to calculate the change in temperature.
1. Connect a thermometer to a data logger
2. Place the thermometer inside the kettle so that it is
underneath the surface of the water
3. Begin to boil the kettle and record results into a table
4. Repeat with the second kettle

Analysis of Measurements (Tables, Graphs, Error

Analysis)
Energy test
Kettle 1 Power
Time
Kettle 2 Power
Time
1
2416
169.59
1
2249
166.5
2
2419
171.32
2
2253
166.47
3
2411
168.76
3
2244
164.81
4
2421
167.94
4
2251
167.12
5
2415
169.35
5
2248
165.66
Averag 2416.4
169.362 Averag 2249W 165.912
e
W
s
e
s
Errors in this testing procedure may occur from, the start and
finishing time produced from the stopwatch (human error) and also
the inconsistency of the power values given.
Joules used (Power x time);
Kettle 1 = 409.25 KJ
Kettle 2 = 373.14KJ
Surface temperature test
Kettle 1
Kettle 2
(C)
(C)
1
81.3
1
90.2
2
81.6
2
88.9
3
83.1
3
90.5
4
80.5
4
89.7
5
82.1
5
90.1
Average
81.72
Average
89.88
Errors that can occur in this test is the time each temperature
sample is taken (the surface may have cooled down before
recording the temperature).

Analysis of Measurements (continued)

Change in temperature
Kettle 1
(C)
1
77.3
2
77
3
77.6
4
76.6
5
77.4

Kettle 2
1
2
3
4
5

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(C)
77.6
78.8
77.1
78.3
78

68037 Physical Modelling | Project Report

Average
77.18
Average
77.96
These measurements have been calculated off an average water
temperature. The inside of the kettle was cooled as best as could
before repeating the test although error could have occurred if
the temperature inside was slightly warmed than the previous
test.

Discussion and Results

Kettle 1
Kettle 2
409.25KJ
373.14KJ
81.72
89.88
77.18
77.96
Kettle 1 holds a larger capacity than kettle 2. This can give reasons as to why
the surface temperature is lower than that of kettle 2, because it is able to
disperse more heat. Both kettles reached very similar maximum temperature,
meaning that this score can be irrelevant. There is a noticeable difference in the
amount of energy used by each kettle.
By doing a simple score method, we can determine a preferred product. Energy
x surface temperature / 2 where the lowest score is preferred.
Kettle 1 = 16722 (0dp)
Kettle 2 = 16769 (0dp)

Conclusions
From performing numerous test, a preferred product for users and
manufactures has been determined. Kettle 1 is the more preferred from test
results, although it uses slightly more energy, its able to disperse excess heat
better.

References
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/spht.html
http://www.cuug.ab.ca/branderr/nuclear/petajoule.html

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